Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Land Use Processes and Urban Sprawl (LUPUS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 272480.0
EU funding (EUR): 272480.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Urban sprawl is a remarkable socioeconomic phenomenon that continues to generate attention across Europe and beyond. In its broadest sense, urban sprawl may be defined as the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over increasingly large areas of rural land at the periphery of an urban area and the consequent conversion of open space into developed land. The research project described in this proposal explores the economic processes under-pinning the phenomenon of urban sprawl. Its objective is to describe and explain urban spatial structure and its evolution. In particular, the project will investigate the role of the spatial distribution of environmental amenities in urban sprawl and the influence of future land development on agricultural land values. The originality of this project is to consider urban sprawl as a simultaneous result of two mechanisms. On the one hand, are the effects of the behaviour of households and firms and the development patterns that they engender in peri-urban areas, while on the other hand is the influence of evolving land values and of developing agricultural and land use policies. This project will consider the literatures on these mechanisms and seek to identify new approaches to understand and limit urban sprawl.

Keywords: agricultural economics,environmental economics,land economy,urban economics,economic theory
Human variation: causes, patterns and consequences (HUMVAR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 126387.5
EU funding (EUR): 126387.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mutations are the source of genetic variation in natural populations, provide material for molecular evolution and, importantly, cause human genetic diseases. Yet the mechanisms of mutagenesis are, to date, not completely understood. Low mutation frequencies limit direct observations in wet-lab experiments. However, hundreds of resequenced human genomes (including cancerous samples) and hundreds of completely sequenced genomes of other species are accumulating at a growing pace. Thus, bioinformatic analyses of mutations are becoming feasible. It is known that mutation rates fluctuate greatly from locus to locus in mammalian genomes, and that the rates of some mutation types co-vary regionally. The causes of this variation and co-variation remain largely unexplored, and deciphering them computationally is expected to unravel the intricacies of mutagenesis. Compared with wet-lab experiments, computational analyses enable us to study mutations in their native genomic environment and on a whole-genome scale. Here we propose to utilize human resequencing data in conjunction with completely sequenced mammalian genomes in order to study regional (primarily intrachromosomal) variation and co-variation in rates of different mutation types. Additionally, we will perform comparisons between cancerous and non-cancerous mutations, highlighting the unique features of mutations associated with cancer. Several statistical multivariate and multi-scale techniques will be utilized. The proposed research will advance our understanding of mutagenesis, including the unique aspects of mutagenesis during cancer. Additionally, it will provide information vital for improving models of the evolutionary process, alignment algorithms, and algorithms for the prediction of functional elements. The tools developed here are expected to bridge interdisciplinary differences in concepts and data between biology and statistics, as well as between bioinformatics and experimental biochemistry.

Keywords: computational biology,bioinformatics,evolutionary genomics
Historiographical tendencies during the period of Spartan hegemony (HTDPSH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 193849.6
EU funding (EUR): 193849.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I will examine the writers of Hellenica: Thucydides, Xenophon, the anonymous author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia, Ephorus-Diodorus, Theopompus, Cratippus, Callisthenes to understand the different “historiographical tendencies during the period of Spartan hegemony”, during the last phase of the Peloponnesian war and the forming of Spartan supremacy (from 412 to 386 B.C.) . By identifying the historiographical perspective of the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia, re-examining Diodorus and Ephorus’ fragments, I will be able to study Diodorus in his own right against the traditional view that he was solely a compiler of earlier works. This will help to clarify his relation with the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia. I will also investigate the style and method of composition of the writer of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia, in order to identify the relation between the Anonymous and Theopompus, to clarify of which Greek City-States the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia knew the inner political debate, to analyse the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia and the so-called Theramenes Papyrus, commonly considered a political pamphlet, in order to find out if they come from the same author. In the fourth century B.C. the writers of Hellenica, realising that new political powers were growing, extend their subject matter to Macedonian and Persian history and contemporary oratory to discuss some crucial themes of the relation between Greeks and ‘the others’ (Macedonians and Persians). Therefore, the question is to understand to what extent the main topical themes of oratory influenced historiography and whether historiography, for its part, had a role in the formation of political ideas (oratory) during the period of Spartan hegemony. This is a new approach to clarify this phase of Greek history, to better understand and define the conception of ‘Greek identity’ and Greek perception of ‘the others’ and of their physical world, as well as of Greek physical world.

Keywords: humanities,ancient history,historiographical tendencies,spartan hegemony,writers of hellenica,greek historiography,politics,oratory,'fragmentary historiography',greek political thought
Thyroid hormone and development of cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (T3D3 STEM CELLS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 208592.8
EU funding (EUR): 208592.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Human embryonic stem cells, and embryonic-like induced pluripotent stem cells made from adult human skin, can differentiate to form beating cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). These stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (SC-CM) are being investigated for use in cardiac repair, but also as a model system for research or drug toxicology. Their human origin, stability in culture and ability to be easily genetically modified in culture makes them far superior to present sources. Immediately after differentiation, SC-CM have the characteristics of immature foetal or neonatal cells in terms of contraction, growth and intracellular signalling. To realize their full potential, they need to grow towards the adult cardiomyocyte in these respects. We have evidence that this occurs in culture, over time-frames of 3-6 months, and that reproducing the stimuli for maturation can produce or accelerate these changes. One key maturational stimulus is thyroid hormone, and the first part of the project will apply this to SC-CM. However, the foetus has evolved sophisticated mechanisms to protect itself from maternal thyroid hormone, to prevent premature development. Intrinsic enzyme systems and receptor expression levels carefully control the intracellular environment with respect to levels of T3, the active agent, to preserve the natural staged differentiation and maturation programme. Particularly, an enzyme called D3 keeps levels of T3 tonically low. In the second time we will investigate the synergistic effects of adding T3 and down-regulating D3 on the rate and extent of maturation of the SC-CM. In the adult, cardiac growth programmes in response to increased load (hypertension for example) have been classified as pathological, while that controlled by thyroid hormone has been defined as physiological. In the third time we will compare the characteristics of SC-CM after T3-induced growth with our previous findings on stretch- or catecholamine-induced growth.

Keywords: cell biology,cardiomyocytes differentition and maturation,deiodinating enzyme d3,human embryonic stem cells,human induced pluripotent stem cells,thyroid hormone
Endothelial injury during sepsis: do NET-attached proteases participate in this process? (NET-INJURY-IN-SEPSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-01-09
End date: 2015-01-08
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 288514.2
EU funding (EUR): 288514.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Every year over 400.000 EU citizens suffer from sepsis and every third of them dies due to the severity of this systemic inflammation. The mortality results from excessive neutrophil activation leading to vasculature malfunctioning and subsequent multiorgan failure. Recently, we (outgoing host) revealed that during bacterial sepsis neutrophils activated by platelets release NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps) that trap and kill bacteria but this occurs at the expense of injury to endothelium (Nature Medicine, 2007, 13: 463-9). NETs are web-like structures composed of DNA and proteins released from neutrophil granules, including proteases such as MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) and NE (neutrophil elastase). We (researcher) showed that the proteases co-facilitate migration of neutrophils (J Leukocyt Biol, 2009, 85: 374-81) and we (return host) pointed out MMP-9 inhibitors as therapy for acute inflammatory diseases (Nature Rev Drug Discovery, 2007, 6: 480-98). We propose a novel concept that the damage to blood vessels occurring during sepsis is a consequence of NET formation and results from protease activity. This is strengthened by observation that damage to endothelia is detected in sepsis and when NET formation is blocked no injury is noticed. Therefore we will address the hypothesis that proteases (MMP-9, NE) attached to NETs cause injury to endothelial cells through the following specific aims: -evaluation of endothelial damage in transgenic mice deficient in either MMP-9 or NE -determination of intercellular and inter-protease events leading to the injury -identification of endothelial substrates of MMP-9 and NE. The experiments will implement state of the art methodologies including intravital microscopy and multidimensional degradomics. Overall, the studies will elucidate NET-linked protease-dependent mechanisms leading to the damage of endothelium and will point out targets for new therapies in sepsis.

Keywords: immunology,cell biology,inflammation,sepsis,proteases,neutrophil extracellular traps,nets,matrix metalloproteinase 9,neutrophil elastase,endothelum,intravital microscopy
Novel Integrated Photonic Devices for High-Power Ultrashort Pulse Generation (NINTENDU-PULSE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-07-25
End date: 2013-07-24
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 211092.8
EU funding (EUR): 211092.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Semiconductor monolithically-integrated photonic devices that can generate high-power ultrashort pulses are underdeveloped by far, although they are very promising in many application areas such as biomedical imaging, laser surgery and laser therapy, due to the stable, reliable, low-cost and portable features of this class of devices. The goal of this project is to develop a new generation of high power, low beam divergence, ultrafast semiconductor integrated photonic devices. The target area encompasses biomedical and relevant applications, although the range of applications where high-performance compact ultrafast laser sources can be deployed is very wide. This new generation of integrated ultrafast laser sources is expected to replace the expensive and bulky solid-state ultrafast laser sources in the near-infrared waveband in a number of applications.

Keywords: ultrafast,integrated photonic device,quantum dot (qd),quantum well,tunnel junctions (tj),coupled large optical cavity (loc),supermode,opto-electronic components
Mapping quantitative trait loci for water use efficiency in potato (Solanum tuberosum). (ELITE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 210092.8
EU funding (EUR): 210092.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

A great challenge for potato production in the coming decades is to maintain or increase food production with a reduced availability of water. This can be achieved by understanding mechanisms for adaptation to water stress conditions and exploiting the existing variation in the crop and wild relatives. The specific objectives of this project include (a) to understand physiological mechanisms of adaptation to water stress and drought tolerance, and to improve water use (b) to assess the impact of water stress, rainfall variability and climatic change on yield, and other physiological parameters and develop a knowledge base about crop water productivity under different water stress and management practices and identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) (c) to capture and identify naturally occurring variation for adaption to water stress conditions and identify genetic regions of interest associated with water stress tolerance and yield under stress by using trait gene correlations aiming at associations due to several years of recombination in potato germplasm (d) to prepare crop models from G×E information available on yield and physiological parameters from multi-year trials which will help predict better performing genotypes under prevailing climatic conditions and (e) to link the phenotypic parameters to candidate genes by using information from model plant studies and cereal crops.These objective will be achieved by developing knowledge and tools for breeding for Water Use Efficiency (WUE) which involves: physiological parameter measurements, eco-physiological approaches and agronomical practices in crop production and development of molecular marker resources to map QTL’s for environmentally sustainable traits.

Keywords: gene,genotype x environment,phenotype,potato,quantitative trait loci,water use efficiency
Intermedial Shakespeare on European Stages (ISES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-26
End date: 2013-09-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 193349.6
EU funding (EUR): 193349.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project investigates intermedial adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays on European stages since the 1990s. It explores creative blendings of new media and theatre in Shakespearean adaptations, with a selective focus on British, German, Flemish, Italian and Polish performances (thereby addressing theatre practices in the four quarters of the continent). It examines: - shifts in staging practices in European theatre enabled by or in relation to new media and digital technologies; - Shakespeare’s place in the contemporary performance landscape, in relation to innovations in form and renegotiations of currency and discourse; - changes in cultural values and processes, as evidenced in developments of European theatre practice in and through intermedial Shakespearean adaptation. Intermediality describes fusions of media that generate hybridized works which derive from and alter patterns of cultural production and participation. Rapid and ongoing developments in digital culture and new media have contributed to changes in creative agency, cultural production and dissemination. The project analyses selected productions in Europe across a twenty-year period to investigate patterns of intermediality, such as increased interactivity, intertextuality, self-reflexivity, and expansion of temporal and spatial perspectives. New intermedial practices facilitate new ways of perceiving text, authorship, character, actor, audience and performance itself; they open Shakespeare’s plays to new interpretations that focus, for instance, on surveillance and virtuality. Innovative Shakespearean production provides a litmus test for changes in theatre practice and uses of technology; it indicates ways in which Shakespeare is remade (again). The project seeks to define effects of intermediality on European theatre, Shakespeare and culture. It disseminates research findings through publications, conference papers, public talks, a symposium and, after the end of the project, new courses.

Keywords: performing arts,theatre studies,acting,shakespeare studies,adaptation,performance,european theatre,intermediality,digital media
Structural studies of HK97 bacteriophage assembly and maturation (HK97 MATURATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France,France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 232676.8
EU funding (EUR): 232676.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Virus maturation is virtually universal and allows the transition from an initially assembled non-infectious and fragile particle to a robust infectious virion. Siphophage HK97 is an accessible model system, to study assembly and maturation, for which intermediates can be isolated and myriad structural, biophysical and biochemical data are available. The capsid protein fold similarity between HK97, all other dsDNA bacteriophages and some animal viruses suggests that they share common maturation principles. The proposed project seeks to unravel the mechano-chemical reorganization program underlying the structural transitions observed during HK97 procapsid maturation using hybrid methods. It relies on a multi-disciplinary approach involving X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy and tomography to obtain multi-scale data ranging from atom to whole-cell. We aim to obtain structures of three different HK97 procapsid maturation intermediates to shed light on mechanisms involved in initial assembly of an energy-loaded particle as well as on forces driving forward maturation. We will also use electron tomography to study in vivo aspects of HK97 assembly and maturation in Escherichia coli infected cells. The outcome will allow apprehending mechanisms, dynamics and energetics of viral maturation as well as provide a basis for the use of HK97 as a delivery system for nano-medical applications.

Keywords: structural biology,viral maturation,bacteriophage,x-ray crystallography,electron microscopy and tomography
Drug Discovery using DNA-encoded Chemistry (DNAECLIB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-15
End date: 2013-08-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186028.8
EU funding (EUR): 186028.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

DNA-encoded based selection methods represent a novel avenue for the facile discovery of binding molecules from large libraries. Unique DNA fragments covalently attached to small molecules serve as amplifiable identification barcodes. The encoding allows the in vitro selection of ligands at sub‐picomolar concentrations from large library populations by affinity capture on a target protein of interest, in analogy to established technologies for the selection of binding polypeptides (e.g., antibodies). Libraries before and after selection are characterized by PCR amplification of the DNA codes and relative quantification of library members is then acquired using high‐throughput sequencing. The most enriched compounds can then be further analyzed in biological assays, in the presence or in the absence of linked DNA. While most libraries to date have been assembled using amide bond forming reactions, we will explore the use of bioorthogonal, metal free click reactions such as the thiol-ene reaction for the efficient construction of DNA-encoded libraries. This will enable the identification of novel small organic molecules capable of binding specifically to biological and pharmacologically relevant protein targets.

Keywords: dna?encoded chemical library,bioorthogonal chemistry,drug discovery,high-throughput screening,affinity?based selections,fragment?based lead discovery