Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The selves we could have been: the impact of alternative professional identities on career choices and work-life balance (API)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 157488.5
EU funding (EUR): 157488.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In 2000, Monster.com launched a TV commercial campaign based on an adaptation of Robert Frost’s poem, “The road not taken”. The company website explained: “We’ve created a spot which we hope will really get you thinking about the career choices you’ve made and more importantly, about the ones you haven’t.” Why does a prominent career management company try to make us wonder about the road not taken? The reason is that our current career path is influenced by our images of who we could have been if we had traveled a different career path. These images are called “alternative professional identities” (APIs), a construct that is introduced to social sciences in the fellow’s dissertation. This proposal extends this innovative line of research to explore the effects of APIs on two issues of great interest for researchers, educators, career counselors, policy makers, and the working population at large: career choices and work-family balance. Career paths in Europe are progressively more sinuous, traversing several organizations, occupations, industries, and countries; careers today require therefore frequent and difficult decisions. Moreover, the workforce composition in Europe has changed dramatically, the majority of employees are members of dual-career couples, and the majority of children grow up in households with two working parents. Consequently, work-family conflict has become prevalent, as reflected in the attention it has received from the popular press, policy makers, and social science researchers. The research outlined in this proposal combines qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods to offer insight into how people can utilize their APIs to make better career decisions and achieve a better work-family balance.

Keywords: organizational science,human resources management,organization psychology,organizational behavior,social psychology,individual identity,career choices,work-family balance
Buddhist-Muslim interactions/relations in Zanskar Valley (Ladakh District, Northwest India) under the impact of the Indian State, a globalising market and world-religious orthodoxies (CO-EXISTENCE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161769.0
EU funding (EUR): 161769.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project the fellow aims at studying the social dynamics of Buddhist-Muslim communities in the Federal State of Jammu and Kashmir (India), in which the absolutist exclusiveness of world-religious orthodoxies and the aspirations at political hegemony grounded in them are rejected in favour of communal identities, which transcend the different religious identities of their members. She endeavours to identify the culturally specific processes of social resistance against Muslim orthodoxy emanating from Kashmir, Pakistan and Saudi-Arabia and Buddhist orthodoxy propagated by exile Tibetan communities. The data collected in empirical research in the region will be analysed by means of models of comparable processes elsewhere in South and Southeast Asia, developed by social anthropologists and political scientists at the University of Muenster, Germany. By taking part in the advanced research programmes at the Institute of Ethnology and the Institute of Political Sciences the fellow will profit from, and contribute to a comprehensive exchange of theoretical insights and empirical data in the social science research of Asia between Muenster University and the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales Paris. The fellow will use the knowledge obtained as the theoretical and empirical basis for a habilitation project on "The dynamics of community construction in multi-religious contexts". Enhancing her theoretical and methodological expertise in social anthropology, and her skills in planning, executing and reporting on research will qualify the fellow for higher level scholarly research and teaching positions.

Keywords: religious co-existence,buddhisme,islam,ritualised exchanges,india,state politics,global market,religious orthodoxies
EU peacebuilding outside the neighbourhood: learning from the cases of Afghanistan, Darfur/Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo. (EU PEACEBUILDING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-21
End date: 2012-06-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165040.8
EU funding (EUR): 165040.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The key objectives of this research project are to contribute to a comparative evaluation of EU peacebuilding practices in Afghanistan (2001-2009), Chad/Darfur (2003-2009), and the Democratic Republic of Congo (2001-20009) by focusing on two interrelated issues. First, we examine the nature of the overall political strategy that shaped the EU approach to these conflicts. Second, we evaluate the success or failure of the political strategy against established standards of evaluation that build on an understanding of the interrelationship between internal factors (the capabilities of the EU) and structural factors (outside the control of the EU). Among the internal factors, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the use of a number of instruments managed by the European Commission that seek to promote ‘good governance’, such as programmes that seek to strengthen the rule of law, support the formation of a national police, security sector reform, public administration reform, democratisation, decentralisation of governance at the local level, promotion of human rights, judicial reform and transitional justice. In this assessment a qualitative methodology will be adopted that will allow the voices of local actors to be taken into account. The results will contribute to building models of analysis of EU peacebuilding practices and to an assessment of the achievements and failures of the EU in peacebuilding outside its neighbourhood. In addition, the results will provide policy-makers, NGOs and the media with suggestions about how EU peacebuilding tools and strategies could be improved so as to ensure that its activities contribute to long-term sustainable peace in current conflict zones.

Keywords: social sciences,peace studies,development policy,conflict analysis,conflict resolution
Development of an Intra European Auditory Speech Perception standard for hearing impaired subjects with conventional/digital hearing instrumens, hybrid devices or cochlear implants (HEARD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 32.0
Total project cost (EUR): 153961.0
EU funding (EUR): 153961.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Only relatively recently, in hearing impaired children the use of sophisticated acoustical and electrical hearing devices enables swift progress of the development of auditory speech perception. Effectiveness of different types of hearing devices is influenced by the etiology, type and degree of hearing loss of the hearing impaired subject. There are, however, no clear, decisive, indications available for the device choice in subjects, while, early provision and fitting is of the utmost importance to optimize the speech and language development of deaf children. The device choice is even more complicated because the invasive nature of implantable devices permits no trial phase. Low prevalence of hearing impairment complicates nation based research. Comparison of international results on the other hand is complicated partly due to language differences and the different test materials and procedures. The present proposal, therefore, aims to provide a robust, cross-lingual, intra-European Equivalent Hearing Loss standard. Computerized auditory speech perception tests will be carried out in German, Dutch, Belgian and French children in order to develop a standard that expresses the auditory speech perception skills on a functional level. An intra-European EHL will enable the development of cross-lingual normative data that can be used for the analyses of the efficacy of the device choice. Overall analyses, therefore, will focus on the differential diagnostic value of the intra-European EHL standard as a decisive measure in the indication process to select and fit the most appropriate device in hearing impaired subjects in all the participating nations/linguistic areas in this Euregion. The study aims to determine the audiometric features that indicate the suitability of a type of hearing device / hearing implant. Furthermore, analyses of subsets of data can identify influences of linguistic factors on speech perception.

Keywords: social sciences,health sciences,behavioural sciences/ hearing impairment
Investigation of a dependency of RAS-driven cancers on matrix metalloproteinase-7 (RAS AND MMP7)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Activating point mutations in RAS are present in a large number of tumours. Besides treating tumours by reversing the effects of oncoproteins through inhibition, another approach is to use therapies that target tumour-specific vulnerabilities caused by the oncogenic state. To investigate this possibility, an siRNA screen has been performed in order to identify new genes necessary for the RAS-driven oncogenic state. This approach has led to the identification of the matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) as a protein required for the survival of cells with an activated KRAS allele. MMP-7 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family that has broad substrate selectivity against extracellular matrix components and some non-matrix substrates. MMP-7 is overexpressed in a variety of tumours and is associated with unfavourable prognosis. The main aim of this project is to study the mechanism underlying the dependency of cells with RAS activating mutations on MMP-7 expression. To determine this we will study four different pathways. MMP-7 can suppress apoptotic FasL/Fas pathway by cleaving FasL and reducing its efficacy in triggering Fas signals. Alternatively, MMP-7, by cleaving E-cadherin, can increase β-catenin-Wnt pathway, which is required by several tumour types. Moreover, MMP-7 proteolysis of IGFBP-3 plays a crucial role in regulating IGF-I bioavailability, thereby promoting cell survival. Finally, MMP-7 can process HB-EGF that will activate ErB4 signalling. This leads to a survival signalling through receptor tyrosine kinases. We will also study MMP-7 dependency in vivo using MMP-7 knock-out mice crossed with a RAS mutated mouse model. Results obtained may lead to improved cancer therapies, with the possibility that certain tumour types with high levels of RAS mutations could be treated with specific MMP-7 inhibitors. Moreover, identification of the mechanism of MMP-7 dependence will also allow the identification of new pharmacological targets.

Keywords: mmp-7,tumour,cancer therapy
Regulation of expression and function of integrin alpha6beta1 during leukocyte migration (LEUKOMIGREG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-08-03
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172240.8
EU funding (EUR): 172240.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Leukocyte migration through blood vessels and directional migration in the extravascular tissue towards sites of infection and/or injury are fundamental components of the organism’s immune response. Their inappropriate occurrence is also an important contributing factor to the development of many inflammatory conditions such as stroke and atherosclerosis. Many details of the associated mechanisms remain unclear in particular the role(s) of leukocyte interactions with extracellular matrix proteins. Of relevance, studies from the host lab have shown that neutrophils upregulate their principal laminin receptor, integrin alpha6beta1 in order to migrate through the vascular basement membrane during extravasation. The aims of my project will be to build on these novel findings through investigations that address the molecular mechanisms involved in alpha6beta1 upregulation and studies into the functional role of this integrin in monocyte migration through venular walls and in interstitial migration of monocytes and neutrophils. These objectives will be studied through the use of in vitro and in vivo models. Specifically, leukocyte expression of alpha6 will be analysed during transmigration in vivo by fluorescence microscopy. The molecular mechanisms leading to alpha6 upregulation will be examined with a series of in vitro experiments and leukocyte migration through the vessel wall and in the interstitium will be explored using intravital microscopy incorporating advanced imaging techniques established in the host laboratory. The obtained results will advance our understanding of the mechanisms that leukocytes employ to migrate towards inflammatory sites and will help to identify potential new targets for development of novel clinical interventions for inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the models and assays that I will develop during the progression of the study will be invaluable for future investigations of trafficking of myeloid cells.

Keywords: immunology,extravasation,integrin,neutrophil,monocyte
Developmental programming and the costs of reproduction (LIFHISBURBEE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171740.8
EU funding (EUR): 171740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The costs of reproduction lie at the heart of life history theory, and their magnitude determines key biological processes such as how rapidly animals age, the effort that parents devote to offspring care, and the intensity of social conflicts. But what determines just how costly reproduction will be? Using a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating experimental work in the laboratory and theoretical analyses, we propose to investigate how the developmental environment in early life influences the costliness of reproduction, and to determine the knock-on effects for senescence, parental care and social evolution. The multidisciplinary nature of the project will additionally enable training in new scientific techniques, specifically theoretical modelling, experimental design, immunological methods and laboratory work with an insect model.

Keywords: darwinian fitness,environment,evolutionary biology,life history theory,parental care
Ecological genetics of Bryozoa-Myxozoa host-parasite interactions (BRYOZOA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2011-07-31
Duration (months): 15.0
Total project cost (EUR): 109290.75
EU funding (EUR): 109290.75
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the clonal and population genetic structure of the freshwater bryozoan Fredericella sultana is essential for understanding the epidemiology and management of the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae that causes the Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) in wild and farmed salmonids. Common, widespread and susceptible F. sultana clones can serve as a persistent parasite reservoir, supplying disease epidemics in fish, yet, at present, no information of the clonal structure of F. sultana populations exists. To predict the impact of environmental change on spread of PKD in fish, it would be essential to resolve questions regarding geographic distribution of susceptible and resistant F. sultana genotypes, and their potential response to environmental change. At present such information is not available due to lack of neutral genetic markers for F. sultana. This 15 month fellowship proposal will (i) develop the required nuclear genetic markers that will allow high resolution genetic studies of the clonal and population genetic structure of F. sultana populations, and (ii) use these markers in the first genetic surveys of F. sultana populations that are either known to carry the disease or known to be healthy, based on earlier ecological surveys. Results of the study will be highly beneficial for preventive and predictive applications to manage PKD in salmonids.

Keywords: natural sciences,population genetics,host-parasite interactions,bryozoa,myxozoa
Genetic and phenotipic characterization of emerging hypervirulent Clostridium difficile: role and regulation of virulence factors (CDI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacillus that often resides in the gut of mammals and is the causative agent of the illness C. difficile infection (CDI). The hospital environment and patients undergoing antibiotic treatment provide a discrete ecosystem where C. difficile persists and select virulent clones thrive. CDI is the most frequent cause of infectious diarrhea in hospitals worldwide, causing in the last decade outbreaks of increased severity in Europe and North America. The continued rise of CDI worldwide has been accompanied by the rapid emergence and transcontinental spread of at least two highly virulent clones that are commonly referred to as 027 and A-B+. The overall aim of this project is to determine the genetic and phenotypic attributes that might explain the emergence of these hypervirulent 027 strains. To this end we will obtain mutants in genes we suspect to be important for 027 strains virulence. Those mutants will be characterized in detail by genetic and phenotypical studies. This project provides a unique opportunity to study the recent emergence of virulence and will contribute more generally to our understanding of how bacterial pathogens evolve.

Keywords: clostridium difficile,infection,emergence,hypervirulent strains,outbreaks,bacterial pathogens,virulence determinants,pathogenicity.,health sciences
Investigating the Mechanism of the FeII/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Histone Demethylases by a Combined Biochemical/Biophysical Approach (HISTONE DEMETHYLASES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-28
End date: 2012-07-27
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173240.8
EU funding (EUR): 173240.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Histone modifications play important roles in chromatin regulation. Methylation of lysine-residues on histone H3 and H4 affects processes ranging from transcriptional regulation to epigenetic silencing. The recent identification of histone lysine demethylases has clearly demonstrated that histone methylation is not a stable epigenetic mark, as previously assumed. The largest family of demethylases employ 2-oxoglutarate as a co-substrate. Each of these demethylases displays remarkable sequence and methylation-state specificity; however, little is known about the mechanisms by which this selectivity is achieved. For the JMJD2 subfamily of histone demethylases the selectivity for different peptide lengths, sequences and methylation states will be investigated using both biochemical and biophysical approaches. The detailed chemical mechanism of these demethylases will also be investigated using a variety of methods, including EPR, Mössbauer and UV-Visible spectroscopic methods, in combination with more conventional biochemical assays. The oxygen-dependence of these enzymes will also be investigated. Finally, peptide arrays of combinatorially-modified histone peptide fragments will provide insights into the ability of these demethylases to recognise and demethylate multiply-modified histone sequences. Overall, these studies will provide molecular detail on how chromatin is regulated by histone demethylases.

Keywords: organic chemistry,pharmaceutical chemistry,molecular biology,proteins,histone lysine demethylase,enzimology,chromatin regulation