Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Censoring Chaucer: Canonicity and Obscenity in Manuscripts and Print Editions of the Canterbury Tales (c. 1400 - 1831) (Censoring Chaucer)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project investigates the relationship between Chaucer's canonical status and his obscenity, both of which have been closely associated with the Canterbury Tales since Chaucer's death in 1400. Readers of the Canterbury Tales have made note of its occasionally indecorous language and content (particularly in relation to sex, the body, and bodily functions) ever since the earliest surviving manuscript was compiled c. 1405. But whereas obscenity is one of the major features of Chaucer's reputation in the eyes of present-day readers, many medieval and early modern readers viewed Chaucer’s obscene matter as standing at odds with his canonicity. This project traces the building tension between Chaucer's perceived obscenity and his literary reputation from his death in 1400 to the publication of poet laureate Robert Southey's expurgated version of the Canterbury Tales in 1831. By examining variations in the language and content of manuscripts, incunables, and print editions of the Canterbury Tales produced within this period (as well as reader annotations), I will show that scribes, readers, editors, and modernizers of Chaucer's most famous work persistently modify or comment on its language and content in an effort to downplay (or, occasionally, to enhance) what they perceive as obscene. I situate my findings alongside contemporaneous remarks by writers and editors regarding Chaucer's literary heritage in order to assess the relationship between variations in his reputation and variations in the Canterbury Tales. The project incorporates intensive training in the study of manuscripts and early printed books, and will result in at least 2 scholarly articles, a book proposal, and several conference presentations and public engagement initiatives intended to communicate my results to the widest possible audience. A MSCA Fellowship at the University of Oxford will enable me to work closely with a leading expert in the history of the book over the course of the project.

Keywords: canonicity,obscenity,reception,editing,transmission,medievalism
Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control (NEQuM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Austria
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498420.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498420.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

In this project we propose to build the theory of non-ergodic quantum matter – isolated quantum systems that avoid thermal equilibrium. To this end, we will study the established non-ergodic phases, search for new phases, and seek to understand their common properties and dynamics. Recently non-ergodic systems that avoid the fate of thermal equilibrium were realized experimentally in quantum simulators. Specific examples include many-body localized phases, glassy and kinetically constrained models, and systems with weak ergodicity breaking. Freedom from the laws of equilibrium statistical mechanics opens up a host of possible unexpected behaviors prohibited in equilibrium. The ability of non-ergodic systems to stay quantum on longer timescales has potential for practical applications. This calls for the development of a general theory of non-ergodic quantum systems. In order to develop such theory, in this project we will seek to address the questions: What are the possible ways to avoid attaining thermal equilibrium? What are the universal properties of such non-ergodic systems? What is the nature of their long time dynamics and their steady state? How can we put their properties to use? The PI will leverage his expertise in studies of many-body localization to lead a coherent research program aimed at (i) describing universal properties of highly-excited eigenstates and their entanglement; (ii) developing new methods to simulate non-ergodic dynamics and reveal its experimental signatures; and (iii) using such quantum phases for many-body state preparation and optimal control. The theory delivered by this project will ultimately provide useful insights into quantum thermalization, thus establishing the first steps towards a general theory of non-equilibrium quantum systems. On the practical side, such theory will guide the experimental search for non-ergodic phases, and open the door to their application in more efficient quantum information storage and processing.

Keywords: quantum thermalization,many body localization,entanglement,tensor networks,quantum quenches,quantum dynamics,quantum many body state preparation,quantum optimal control,quantum scars,level statistics,quantum glasses,kinetically constrained models,density matrix renormalization group
Tumor suppressive microRNAs for cancer therapy (RxmiRcanceR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2840729.0
EU funding (EUR): 2840729.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The challenge for cancer therapy involves hampering the mechanisms by which the normal gene expression machinery is taken over to allow the aberrant appearance of cancer driving genes. I propose exploiting the therapeutic potential of a special class of tumor microRNAs (miRs) that function as natural post-transcriptional tumor suppressive regulators of many genes in key pathways. These anti-cancer effectors represent an inherent organismal property that I propose to augment and thereby translate into a form of systemic anti-cancer therapy. First, focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), I shall perform high throughput screening to identify preferred HCC tumor suppressive miRs. Second, I shall search for small molecules capable of elevating the level of those relevant miRs in tumor cells and tissues. Increasing miR expression will potentially also enhance their secretion into the circulation in exosomes thereby suppressing gene expression at remote tissue sites as well. Third, I shall test the potential of these miRs to better target and inhibit the growth of tumor cells both, in culture and in vivo. This unprecedented conceptual strategy should stimulate the organism’s self-healing potential by enhancing inherent anti-tumor mechanisms. This project is built on robust preliminary findings that show promiscuous anti-cancer effects and predictably fewer side effects due to its completely host-based nature, with the administered miR inducer being the only foreign element. Additionally, due to the fact that each miR simultaneously targets a number of molecular pathways as well as multiple steps within a given pathway, it could help to overcome the major problem of cancer therapy – resistance. This strategy of harnessing these efficient and robust miRs and exosomes for delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics may overcome the high-risk challenge involved and enable high gain value.
Unravelling the hypothalamic epigenetic code behind obesity. (EPIOBESITY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Despite titanic social and scientific efforts, rates of obesity continue to increase in Europe. Unfortunately, safe and effective treatments are currently unavailable. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is largely the consequence of enigmatic and complex genetic-environmental interactions. Evidence suggests that the prevalent western-diet triggers epigenetic changes that contribute to the current obesity epidemics. Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons are crucial elements of energy balance, and its dysfunction cause severe obesity in experimental models and humans. Our hypothesis is that over nutrition causes epigenetic changes in POMC neurons that in turn lead to dysregulated energy homeostasis and obesity. The objective of this proposal is to establish for the first time a genome-wide epigenetic map of POMC neurons in the context of over nutrition during adulthood and fetal programming. To pursue this aim we will use an innovative cell-specific in vivo strategy to tag and reliably isolate POMC neurons, followed by next generation sequencing to evaluate chromatin accessibility and histone marks distribution across the genome. As a result, we will provide a novel framework for understanding the underlying epigenetic signatures related with obesity development and susceptibility. Hence, this project is in line with the Horizon 2020 Framework for improving our knowledge of the causes underlying a disease. Furthermore, the outcomes of this project may have potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of obesity since most epigenetic marks are reversible and therefore potentially targetable. The multidisciplinary nature of the project is strong, involving a combination of genetic engineering techniques, molecular biology and bioinformatics. This proposal includes the transfer of knowledge to the host institution and the training of the candidate in new techniques and transferable skills.

Keywords: obesity,type 2 diabetes,hypothalamus,epigenetics
Climate Dynamics of Exoplanets with Condensible Atmospheres (EXOCONDENSE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2492565.0
EU funding (EUR): 2492565.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Condensible substances, which undergo a phase change from gaseous to liquid or solid condensed form, have a profound impact on planetary atmospheres, and are central to the determination of most key aspects of a planet's climate. The three phases of water operating in Earth's present climate provide the archetype for condensible processes in climate dynamics, but the dawning age of exoplanet discovery and characterization requires that the understanding of phase change effects be expanded far beyond the situations familiar from the study of Earth's climate, or indeed of the climate of any Solar System planet. The goal of this project is to pioneer the advances needed to understand condensible climate dynamics for the vastly broader range of condensible substances, thermodynamic and planetary configurations presented by the growing catalogue of exoplanets. The emphasis will be on the smaller range of planets (super-Earth to Earth mass or size class), which need not have hydrogen-dominated atmospheres and therefore present a richer and highly challenging variety of possible condensible behavior. This class of planets includes all planets that are potentially habitable for Earthlike life, but even planets that are far from habitable shed light on essential features of planets in the Universe, and will be studied. The work will embrace both small scale buoyancy-driven turbulent convection and planetary scale circulations. Idealized numerical simulations, buttressed by theoretical analysis will be employed. Particular emphasis will be put on aspects of exoclimate that are amenable to probing by current observations and improved observational techniques likely to become available in the coming decade. Such properties include cloud properties observable through transit-depth spectra and dayside/nightside temperature and composition contrasts observable through phase curve observations.

Keywords: exoplanets,phase change,climate simulation,exoclimate
Facilitating market roll-out of RESfuels in the transport sector to 2030 and beyond (ADVANCEFUEL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Low-cost, low-carbon energy supply
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Belgium,Finland,Sweden,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Market uptake of renewable energy technologies (H2020-LCE-2017-RES-CSA, 2017)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2628246.25
EU funding (EUR): 2628246.25
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

ADVANCEFUEL aims at enabling the commercialization of advanced and liquid renewable alternative fuels (RESfuels) to meet the renewable energy targets set at European level for 2020 and 2030. Under the coordination of FNR, 8 authoritative (yet neutral) players (ATB, TNO, Imperial College, Aalto University, Utrecht University, Chalmers University and Greenovate!Europe), with the assistance of an Advisory Board, propose a systemic approach to address RESfuel market roll-out in road, marine and aviation applications. The project objectives cover all the call challenges, viz.: 1. monitoring, within and beyond Europe, activities slowing or accelerating RESfuels commercial uses 2. detailing innovative approaches to improve biomass availability and suitability for its conversion into advanced biofuels, with a special focus on new cropping schemes; 3. assessing innovative biomass conversion technologies and their efficient integration in existing infrastructures; 4. delivering a tool to assess current and future lifecycle environmental (GHG) performances of RESfuels based upon harmonized sustainability schemes 5. recommending measures to increase market acceptance and end use of RESfuels based on detailed market segmentations accounting for the role of fuel and fuel blend properties; 6. providing stakeholders with merit analyses of critical innovations (cropping, conversion, system integration, sustainability and market development), using practical decision-making tools for a systemic assessment of RESfuels production costs based on scenarios for biomass development, fuel blending issues, etc.. 7. providing value-chain stakeholders with recommendations enhancing RESfuels market roll-out thereby emphasizing the plausibility and usefulness of RESfuels by 2030 8. maximizing the project visibility through communication and dissemination activities which promote knowledge sharing and dialogue between relevant national and EU platforms and the SET Plan activities on RES

Keywords: advanced biofuel conversion,impact assessment,renewable fuel,sustainability,lignocellulose,fuel blend,stakeholder involvement,biomass supply,innovative cropping,scenario analysis
Sparing gene therapy for Inherited ROd COne dystrophies (SIROCO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: France
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-2, 2019)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3529593.5
EU funding (EUR): 2470715.45
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many believe that corrective ophthalmology gene therapy is the future for rare diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a rare, inherited retinal disorders characterized by diffuse progressive dysfunction of primarily rod photoreceptors, with subsequent degeneration of cone photoreceptors. This degenerative disease causes blindness to young people and adults. But with this kind of therapy only treating 1 out of 65 mutations of the pathology, it means a small group of patents can be targeted. So, what do the remaining 2 million people have as on option? SparingVision have developed an innovative treatment that can stop the evolution of this blindness and we call it RdCVF. The first vision saving treatment of its kind. What makes it different is that in 2004, J Sahel and T Leveillard identified that in RP, the main factor that leads to blindness is a loss of RdCVF with is a neurotrophic factor for the cones (photoreceptor). This means that by a single injection under the retina SparingVision’ product can treat all the genetic forms of RP, potentially treat patients with dry AMD, and provide patients with long lasting efficacy. In SparingVision’ proof of concept the product was injected to mice models provided almost immediate protection and repair to the cones and the evolution to blindness is stopped. Behind this product is a very strong team, a world renamed scientific advisory board. The product development has been secured with strong IP, exclusive licenses agreements and pursue R&D with research collaboration agreements and raised money. So, with the help of SME INSTRUMENT supporting the project SIROCO, SparingVision will be able to finalize the next steps of the clinical validation of an unique therapeutic approach and make the product finally accessible and being the solution to stop unnecessary blindness and other degenerative conditions.

Keywords: retinal degenerative diseases,retinitis pigmentosa,neuroprotection approach,gene therapy,orphan disease
Visible Light Ultrafast Photodetector for Optical Wireless Communication Technology (Light UP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-03-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From beacon fires in early civilizations to emerging light networked wireless communication in modern society, optical wireless communication technologies (OWC) continues to play a pivotal role for mankind. The emergence of flexible and wearable electronic applications are now posing novel challenges to OWC whereby clothes, mechanically flexible design materials and even the human skin are increasingly being considered as possible supports for multifunctional applications. Light UP has the ambition to transform the scenario of wearable OWC by developing a conceptually new class of ultrathin and flexible photodetectors with an expected time response as fast as a few tens of picoseconds, greatly surpassing any rivalling present wearable technology. The groundbreaking innovation that will enable this breakthrough will be based on the realization of a so-called “wide quantum well” in high quality atomically thin materials in which the ultrafast formation of a charge dipole upon light absorption will lead to a fast on/off optical modulation of the electrical signal in transistor geometries. Atomically thin materials will be engineered ad hoc by exploiting surface chemistry to heal defect and to exert a superior control over their energy band structure in order to obtain well-suited electronic, optical, and physical properties. This ambitious interdisciplinary exploration will thrive on the unique synergy of the complementary expertise and skills by the applicant and host group encompassing nano-chemistry, material science, engineering and physics. Hence, this project will address a forefront research program pioneering (1) the development of a scalable solution-phase scheme for chemical engineering of defect states in atomically thin semiconductors; (2) the implementation of defect-free atomically thin semiconductors in ultrafast photodetector; and (3) the realization of atomically thin ultrafast photodetectors onto technological relevant flexible substrates.

Keywords: two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Improving the safety of oral immunotherapy for cow's milk allergy in children (SO-CMA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-03-07
End date: 2019-05-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Background: Food allergy affects 6% of children in the EU, and has a major impact on quality of life, nutrition, health-economics and the food production industry. Cow’s milk (CM) is a common cause, and can be particularly problematic due to the ubiquitous nature of CM in foods. Strict dietary avoidance is difficult to achieve, and unpredictable life-threatening accidental reactions are common, leading to anxiety and social restrictions for patients and families. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been shown to be efficacious but is not widely accepted as routine treatment, due to significant safety concerns – allergic reactions are common, and can be particularly severe in CM-OIT. Objective: To improve the safety of OIT for CM allergy. Proposed methods: WP1 - Systematic review of the literature to identify features of published OIT protocols that are associated with improved safety. WP2 - Assessment of human immune responses to candidate modified CM proteins (proven to be both non-allergenic and tolerising in murine models) as potential tools for immunotherapy. WP3. Phase 2/3 clinical trial to assess whether a sublingual pre-treatment phase can improve the safety of OIT in CM allergic children. Deliverables: 1) Systematic review to identify features of CM-OIT associated with improved safety. 2) Evidence on the immunogenicity of candidate modified CM proteins in humans, which will reflect their suitability as immunotherapy agents in the future. 3) Data relating to whether an initial sublingual phase can improve the safety of CM-OIT. 4) Pilot data on mechanisms underlying the immune-modulation induced by OIT. 5) Skills transference to the applicant to become a highly qualified independent researcher, with expertise in OIT for food allergy at an International level. 6) Consolidation of the host institution as a centre of excellence in food immunotherapy, including the potential for tolerising modified proteins to improve OIT safety and efficacy.

Keywords: children,cow s milk,food allergy,immunotherapy,immunological tolerance,safety