Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Physical built environments and health inequalities (PHYBEHI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091209, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1399570.0
EU funding (EUR): 1399570.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Recent multidisciplinary research has found that inequalities in health status between populations living in areas differentiated by area-level measures of social deprivation continue to increase in most countries in the EU and elsewhere. However, the mechanisms underpinning rising health inequalities are poorly understood. The focus of this study is Scotland, a country with particularly poor health outcomes and high levels of health inequalities. Using novel methods this study aims to investigate the role of various environmental characteristics in shaping health inequalities. Sophisticated Geographical Information Systems measures of environmental exposure for small areas across Scotland will be derived. This research will be the first to simultaneously develop custom designed environmental measures for different social and demographic groups. These measures will be appended to a range of health data sets. Historical environmental data will be juxtaposed with longitudinal health data to provide cumulative environmental exposure measures over the life course. Statistical modelling will be used to examine the effects of the environment in shaping inequalities in smoking, obesity, and mental health. The findings from the research will provide important new knowledge about the intersection of the physical, social and economic environments and their influence on health experiences, behaviours and outcomes. New insights into the role of mobility and migration in shaping environmental exposures and resulting health outcomes will also be provided. An important outcome will be to establish a centre of research excellence that will develop a strong and sustainable international profile in the area of Environment and Health research.

Keywords: health inequalities,neighbourhood and health
Processing Russian and European EARTH observations for earthQUAKE precursors Studies (PRE-EARTHQUAKES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Space
Destination: Cross-cutting activities
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Türkiye,Germany,Russian Federation
Call:  (FP7-SPACE-2010-1, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 745658.03
EU funding (EUR): 499490.17
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

PRE-EARTHQUAKES intends to commit EU and Russian researchers to integrate different observational data (including ESA and ROSKOSMOS satellite data) and to improve, by cross-validating, their methodologies, in order: • to substantially improve our knowledge of preparatory phases of earthquakes and their possible precursors; • to promote a worldwide Earthquake Observation System (EQuOS) as a dedicated component of GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems); • to develop and offer to the international scientific community an integration platform where independent observations and new data analysis methodologies devoted to the research on/of earthquake precursors can be collected and cross-validated; Different ground and satellite based observations, different data analysis methods, different measured parameters will be compared and integrated in order to move the research in this filed behind its present frontiers. Specific scientific objective of the project will be to investigate and demonstrate to which extent a systematic integration of independent observations can improve (possibly up to e pre-operational level of precision and reliability) our capabilities of short-term earthquake prediction which are presently based mostly on a single parameter/observation methods. The project will profit of the unique opportunity, offered by ESA and ROSKOSOMOS, to have access for free to their satellite data archives in order to integrate, compare, improve different methods and observations relevant for the study of preparatory phase of the earthquakes. Three European (from Italy, Germany and Turkey) and three Russian Scientific Institutions (from 2 different regions), among the worldwide most quoted for this kind of studies, will constitute the partnership of the project that will develop on a 2 years period.

Keywords: earthquake precursors,thermal anomalies,ionospheric perturbations,total electronic content,radon emission,meteorological satellites
Historical memory, Antiquarian Culture and Artistic Patronage: Social Identities in the Centres of Southern Italy between the Medieval and Early Modern Period (HISTANTARTSI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091209, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From the 12th-century southern Italy was overrun by foreign rulers and their houses and saw fierce dynastic struggles for succession. In attempting to cope with these sudden changes and upheavels, the local urban communities continually found themselves faced by the need to legitimize and reconfirm their status through actual negotiations with the king, and eventually with the baron. In this context the procedures and methods used to construct specific local identities take on particular importance, as do those used by individuals and families to affirm their social position. Through an interdisciplinary team the project seeks to identify the conscious and strategic use of archival and literary sources, and of local antiquities, in methods of self-representation adopted by the elite and by the local communities in the Regno di Napoli between the medieval and early modern period beginning with Campania and then extending to Puglia, Calabria, Lucania, Molise and Abruzzo. The aim of the project is to establish a balanced view of southern continental Italy and to create new instruments which will improve not only international academic knowledge but can benefit civil society as a whole, as well as institutions in laying the foundations for a new conservation strategy to protect and manage the cultural patrimony of southern Italy, a region which has contributed significantly to the formation of a European identity. An accessible database on the Internet will be specifically designed and programmed to gather together all the data from this research pre-requisite for studying such themes, and will provide a new instrument and new prospects of research for scholars world-wide.

Keywords: antiquarian culture,patronage,local identities,elite,european history.
Reconsidering Representation: How Electoral Districts Shape Party Systems (RRHEDSPS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091209, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1038686.0
EU funding (EUR): 1038686.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

An electoral system is an essential component of representative democracy. It translates preferences of citizens to a legislative body and inevitably distorts preferences, voicing some more loudly than others. Theorizing and empirically analyzing how the electoral system tilts the playing ground is the aim of this study. The number of seats allotted to an electoral district—the district magnitude (DM)—is perhaps the most important component defining an electoral system. It is long established that DM affects key features of the political landscape in a country, such as representation, the number of parties, the type of government (single- or multi-party coalition), parties’ strategy, voters’ consideration, and even redistribution policy. Most democracies, however, have districts of many different magnitudes, and the range often reaches thirty seats gap between the smallest and largest districts in a country. Districts in Portugal, for instance, vary between two and forty-eight seats, and in Switzerland between one and thirty-five. The voluminous literature on electoral districts uniformly sidesteps this heterogeneity, focusing instead on a single middle district per country. The proposed study is the first large-scale study that theorizes about and empirically analyzes the effects of within-country district structure. I address questions such as: how does district heterogeneity shape representation at the national level? How does it affect the party system? And how does it affect party coordination? In the first part of the study I will theorize about various aspects of district heterogeneity in a country (e.g., skewness, effective number of magnitudes). I will gain deep understanding for district distributions and develop politically-relevant measures of heterogeneity. Drawing on insights from the theoretical part, the second part will empirically examine how district heterogeneity affects the political landscape, and in particular representation, party system, and party coordination. This part relies on extensive district- and national-level data collection and data analysis in OECD countries as well as in-depth case analysis. Analyzing the effect of district heterogeneity on representation, party systems, and party coordination will open new avenues of research about design of electoral systems.

Keywords: elections,electoral systems,electoral districts,representation
Transition to parenthood: International and national studies of norms and gender division of work at the life course transition to parenthood (APPARENT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091209, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1393751.0
EU funding (EUR): 1393751.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The project is the first comprehensive study to assess contemporary parenting norms and practices and their diffusion. The project develops a comparative framework to study prevalent motherhood and fatherhood norms, images, identities and behaviour in current societies. The project will focus on how parenting roles are constructed by professionals, welfare states, and popular media, and will assess how cultural and institutional norms and images are perceived and realized by expecting and new parents. In 4 subprojects this study investigates 1) How standards of 'good' mothering and fathering are perceived, shaped and disseminated by professionals (gynaecologists, midwives, family councils); 2) How welfare states, labour markets and family policies target at mothers and fathers roles as earners and care givers, and how this has changed in recent decades; 3) How images of mothers and fathers roles have been portrayed in print media from 1980 until 2010; 4) How (expecting) mothers and fathers perceive, embody and represent parenting norms and images in their own work and family roles; 5) How new parents divide paid and unpaid work and how these divisions shape career patterns over the life course; 6) How these patterns differ cross-nationally. The international collaboration includes Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, the Czech Republic, and Poland. The aim of this project is to develop a contemporary sociology of adult sex roles and parenting norms: A theory of the social creation of parenting norms and a comprehensive framework to study empirically the change of men's and women's roles, identities and practices as earners and care givers in the early phase of family formation. By combining expert interviews, policy analysis and content analysis of print media with analyses of qualitative and quantitative data on (nascent) parents, the project will address the diverse layers associated with changing gender roles and parenting norms over the adult life course.

Keywords: sex roles,gender,family,life course,labour division
Durham International Fellowships for Research and Enterprise (DIFERENS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Co-funding of regional, national and international programmes
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 9912558.0
EU funding (EUR): 3965023.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Durham University proposes a high-profile international Fellowship scheme. An entirely new Junior Research Fellowship scheme will be launched, aimed at early career researchers with 2-5 years of postdoctoral experience. These Fellowships will be associated with one of Durham’s eight interdisciplinary Research Institutes to provide a supportive and intellectually challenging research environment. We will expand the existing successful Senior Fellowship programme at the Institute of Advanced Study to encompass Senior Fellowships at the other Institutes and introduce a new Senior Fellowship programme aimed at industrialists and policy-makers. All Fellows will retain an association with their Institute after the end of their Fellowship.

Keywords: social sciences,physical sciences,natural sciences,humanities,health sciences,technological sciences
Development of a non chromated, Reach’s compliant anodic electropaint, with very low volatile organic compounds, for high protection against electrochemical corrosion of pickled aluminium alloys used (CR FREE EPAINT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: France,France
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 44.0
Total project cost (EUR): 517875.0
EU funding (EUR): 283687.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The current way of protecting aluminum alloys used for structural components of aircrafts consists in: o using a surface anodizing pretreatment (hazardous chromated pretreatment still often used) o then spraying either a chromated solventborne paint or a chromated waterbased paint. With this process of application, hazardous oversprays (containing chromates) are important and only 40% in average of the paint is transfered to the surface. • PPG is the historical leader in electrodeposited paints. We have all the expertize and equipments available in that field to design new polymers, formulate anaphoretic paints, characterize surface and interphases, design ecoat lines, educate and assist users. • PPG is also leading the Aerospace market segment for paints and sealants. We have built a strong experience in chromate free primers for corrosion protection of structural components of aircrafts. • Based on our experience the use of anodic paint is ustified for Aerospace aluminium alloys because : • a protective anodic layer is formed at the same time the paint deposits at the surface of the alloy during the electrophoresis process. That will allow to eliminate the current hazardous anodizing process step • as aluminium alloys used in Aerospace cannot support temperature above 120°C, anodic paint technology only is adapted • VOC is bellow 100g/l • Transfer efficiency is very high (98% vs 40% for current paints used for same purpose) so almost no waste First screening done by using an existing PPG anodic paint showed encouraging results vs Aerospace main OEMs specifications. In particular critical tests like hydraulic fluid resistance and water resistance were achieved Al2024 alloy without anodizing pretreatment. Also first corrosion tests performed on Al2024 were closed to the target (3mm max filament). We are strongly convinced that the optimisation of that technology will meet the major OEMs specifications for protecting light alloys like 2xxx, 7xxx and A

Keywords: chromate free,tank process,anodic paint,very low voc,automated process,high corrosion protection,no waste,transfer efficiency
The Dynamic Protein Matrix in Photosynthesis: From Disorder to Life. (PHOTPROT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands,France
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2017-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2864400.0
EU funding (EUR): 2864400.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

In photosynthesis solar light is harvested by an antenna, the energy is transferred to the photosynthetic reaction center where a charge separation occurs. These processes occur on an ultrafast timescale and result in a stable product. The photosynthetic apparatus consists of a complex set of pigment-proteins that perform these delicate processes with a quantum efficiency close to 1. Proteins are intrinsically disordered and display dynamics over a fast range oof times, from femtoseconds to seconds. In this proposal I wish to explore how this dynamic protein matrix facilitates or maybe even drives the primary events of photosynthesis. Together with my co-investigator Bruno Robert I plan to investigate four aspects of how the protein matrix may affect this important biological process. In the first project we will study if the charge separation in Photosystem 2 occurs along multiple pathways, depending on the realization of the disorder. Project 2 concerns the possible role of quantum coherence in charge separation in Photosystem 2. In project 3 we will investigate how the dynamic protein matrix maybe even actively stabilizes the early charge separation. Project 4 aims to find out how functional transitions in photosynthetic proteins are coupled to conformational changes. The latter relates to the idea that the peripheral light-harvesting complex of plants, LHCII, plays a role in photoprotection by switching between a light-harvesting state and a quenching state. The project combines a number of state-of-the-art biophysical approaches and furthermore aims to develop new techniques: 2-dimensional electronic spectroscopy and plasmon wave resonance spectroscopy. The final result will deliver a unique view on how the physics of protein matter manifests itself in biology.

Keywords: photosynthesis
Regulation of Inflammation (INFLAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Despite its fundamental importance, our understanding of the immediate mechanisms directing tissue response and the complex cell-cell communications regulating its resolution remain fairly limited. Moreover, current anti-inflammatory drugs work relatively unspecific as on-off switches, thereby exhibiting considerable side effects. Studies on innate immunity have benefitted from the introduction of the transparent zebrafish larvae as an assay system. Transgenic fish expressing fluorescent proteins in leukocytes allow direct quantification of the inflammatory response in real-time in a live animal. However, the assays used to date require physical wounding of the fish preventing even a medium throughput experimental scale. We have developed a novel wounding assay without the need for mechanical wounding allowing high throughput large-scale analyses towards a comprehensive understanding of inflammation. Here, I propose the generation of an automated screening platform based on our specific ‘non-invasive’ chemical wounding followed by automated microscopy and image acquisition that will allow the in vivo screening of thousands of compounds in a matter of days with respect to their effect on leukocyte recruitment, leukocyte function, resolution of the response and general toxicity in a single assay; target profiling of small molecule ‘hits’ from by chemical proteomics and integration of acquired data into an interactive web-based repository aiming at an interconnected view of molecular networks guiding an innate immune response. This platform will allow chemical and genetic screens to the identification of new molecular pathways involved in innate immunity. At the same time, our approach will identify lead compounds for the development of novel immuno-modulatory drugs with enhanced specificity allowing fine-tuning of inflammation by targeting particular aspects of an innate immune response.

Keywords: inflammation,non-invasive in vivo analysis,hts,zebrafish,lead compounds