Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Iwasawa theory of p-adic Lie extensions (IWASAWA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the most challenging topics in modern number theory is the mysterious relation between special values of L-functions and Galois cohomology: they are the “shadows” in the two completely different worlds of complex and p-adic analysis of one and the same geometric object, viz the space of solutions for a given diophantine equation over the integral numbers, or more generally a motive M. The main idea of Iwasawa theory is to study manifestations of this principle such as the class number formula or the Birch and Swinnerton Dyer Conjecture simultaneously for whole p-adic families of such motives, which arise e.g. by considering towers of number fields or by (Hida) families of modular forms. The aim of this project is to supply further evidence for I. the existence of p-adic L-functions and for main conjectures in (non-commutative) Iwasawa theory, II. the (equivariant) epsilon-conjecture of Fukaya and Kato as well as III. the 2-variable main conjecture of Hida families. In particular, we hope to construct the first genuine “non-commutative” p-adic L-function as well as to find (non-commutative) examples fulfilling the expectation that the epsilon-constants, which are determined by the functional equations of the corresponding L-functions, build p-adic families themselves. In the third item a systematic study of Lie groups over pro-p-rings and Big Galois representations is planned with applications to the arithmetic of Hida families.

Keywords: l-functions,iwasawa theory,motives,p-adic representations,coleman map,k-theory
Genetic interaction networks: From C. elegans to human disease (2-HIT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 68.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Most hereditary diseases in humans are genetically complex, resulting from combinations of mutations in multiple genes. However synthetic interactions between genes are very difficult to identify in population studies because of a lack of statistical power and we fundamentally do not understand how mutations interact to produce phenotypes. C. elegans is a unique animal in which genetic interactions can be rapidly identified in vivo using RNA interference, and we recently used this system to construct the first genetic interaction network for any animal, focused on signal transduction genes. The first objective of this proposal is to extend this work and map a comprehensive genetic interaction network for this model metazoan. This project will provide the first insights into the global properties of animal genetic interaction networks, and a comprehensive view of the functional relationships between genes in an animal. The second objective of the proposal is to use C. elegans to develop and validate experimentally integrated gene networks that connect genes to phenotypes and predict genetic interactions on a genome-wide scale. The methods that we develop and validate in C. elegans will then be applied to predict phenotypes and interactions for human genes. The final objective is to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic interactions, and to understand how these interactions evolve. The combined aim of these three objectives is to generate a framework for understanding and predicting how mutations interact to produce phenotypes, including in human disease.

Keywords: genetic interaction networks
Improving the Scientific and Technological Research Capacity of Food Institute on Safety and Technology of Food Packaging (SAFETECHNOPACK)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: Unlocking and developing the Research Potential of research entities established in the EU�s Convergence regions and Outermost Regions
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-01
End date: 2012-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1065183.65
EU funding (EUR): 950000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

TUBITAK MRC Food Institute (FI) aims to become one of the leading food science and technology institutes in the EU. In order to achieve its aim FI analysed its weak points, and food packaging technologies are one of them. The main objective of this project is to improve the scientific and technological (S&T) capacity of FI in food packaging technologies. It is believed that FI will increase its participation in FP7 projects by the achievement of this proposal. Specifically, it is aspired to improve the research capacity in chemical contamination from the food contact materials, and developing new food packaging materials using nanotechnology and active antimicrobial packaging technologies. SAFETechnoPACK addresses completely the general objectives of the FP7 REGPOT-2007-1. In order to accomplish the main objective, FI has established the following specific objectives corresponding to the below work packages: •Upgrading S&T equipment infrastructure: involves the upgrading of the S&T equipment infrastructure of FI on packaging technologies, •Recruitment of researchers: involves the recruitment of two researchers in the field of chemistry and polymer science on new packaging technologies, •Networking and co-operative activities: involves participation in international conferences, technical visits to centres in Member States (MSs), organization of brokerage events, international conference and Advisory board meetings, •Improvement S&T experience and knowledge of researchers: involves the improvement of scientific and technological experience of researchers by long term and short term trainings in MSs, and exchange of know-how and experience by inviting expert scientists from MSs. •Information and dissemination activities: involves the setting up project web page, preparation of leaflets, organisation of info days and participation

Keywords: packaging,migration,nanotechnology,active packaging
Characterization of protein-dependent biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus (PROTEIN-BIOFILM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-03
End date: 2010-09-02
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nosocomial staphylococcal foreign-body infections related to biofilm formation are important problem in modern medicine and S. aureus has become one of the most important bacteria responsible for these chronic infections. The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms is the most important factor in the pathogenesis of these infections, which regularly fail to respond to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Given the impressive array of surface proteins expressed by S. aureus, it seems reasonable that some of them might be involved in biofilm development either in cooperation or independently of PIA/PNAG. Increasing number of evidences suggest the existence of protein dependent biofilm development on clinical isolates of S. aureus. The general objectives of my research proposal are to identify and characterize proteins involved in biofilm formation. The identification of novel biofilm therapeutic and preventive targets would aid in the development of new and more effective treatments for combating staphylococcal proteinaceous-building biofilm associated infections.

Keywords: medical microbiology,chronic diseases,molecular genetics
New Adaptive Computational Methods for Fluid-Structure Interaction using an Unified Continuum Formulation with Applications in Biology, Medicine and Industry (UNICON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

For many problems involving a fluid and a structure, decoupling of the two is not possible to accurately model the phenomenon at hand, instead the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem has to be solved as a coupled problem. This includes a multitude of important problems in biology, medicine and industry, such as the modeling of insect flight, the blood flow in our heart and arteries, human speech, acoustic noise generation in vehicles and wind induced vibrations in bridges and other structures. Major open challenges of computational FSI include; (i) robustness of the fluid-structure coupling, (ii) efficiency and reliability of the computations in the form of adaptivity and quantitative error estimates, and (iii) in the case of high Reynolds number flow the computation of turbulent flow. In this project we address (i)-(iii) by a novel approach which we refer to as a Unified continuum formulation (UCF), where we formulate the fundamental conservation laws for mass, momentum and energy for the combined FSI domain, which is treated as one single continuum, with the only difference being the constitutive relations for the fluid and the structure. The stability problems connected to FSI are related to the exchange of information (stresses and displacements) over the fluid-structure interface, but with UCF we achieve (i) by the global coupling of the conservation laws where the fluid-structure interface is just an interior surface. We achieve (ii)-(iii) by extending to FSI our technology for adaptive finite element methods for turbulent flow with a posteriori error estimation using duality. We typically discretize the equations using a Lagrangian coordinate system for the structure and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) coordinates for the fluid. Preliminary results for the simulation of blood flow are very promising. The computational algorithms are implemented in the open source software FEniCS (www.fenics.org), of which our group is one of the main developers.

Keywords: fluid-structure interaction,turbulence,finite element method,adaptivity,a posteriori error estimation
Nutrient sensing and signaling by the yeast Gap1 amino acid transceptor (YEAST SENSING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal aims the reintegration of a senior post-doctoral researcher of Spanish nationality, Dr. Marta Rubio-Texeira, now working at the Whitehead Institute (MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA), into the European research area at VIB/KULeuven in Belgium. Dr. Rubio-Texeira has advanced knowledge and extensive technical know-how on molecular mechanisms involved in plasma membrane protein trafficking and internalization in yeast, in the use of yeast as a tool to study proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases and in the biotechnology of lactose fermentation. She will be integrated into the VIB department of Molecular Microbiology, located at the KULeuven, as a senior post-doctoral researcher, with committed support of the FWO Flanders for her initial appointment. With her experience she will strenghten the world leading research at this department into the molecular genetics and biochemistry of nutrient sensing and signaling in yeast. She will concentrate her work on the functioning of Gap1, an amino acid transporter that also functions as an amino acid sensor for activation of the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in yeast. Gap1 is the best established example in eukaryotic cell biology of an actively transporting nutrient carrier that also functions as a receptor protein (‘transceptor’). She will investigate the relationship between Gap1 mediated amino acid activation of the PKA pathway and the rapid amino acid induced downregulation of Gap1 by dephosphorylation, ubiquitination, internalization and degradation. The latter is reminiscent of ligand-induced downregulation that occurs in many classical receptor proteins. In the second part of her work she will focus on elucidation of the components in the signaling pathway between Gap1 and PKA. The research on yeast nutrient sensing and signaling is a long-term goal in the VIB department of Molecular Microbiology and thus offers the possibility of permanent integration into the European Research Area.

Keywords: natural sciences,signal transduction,yeast,nutrient sensing,transporter,receptor,amino acids
Adapting proteasomes to Proteotoxicity (PROTEASOME-ADAPTORS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Protein folding plays an important role in a number of neurodegenerative conditions, such as parkinson's, alzheimer's and motor neuron diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that environmental agents may contribute to the pathology of these common disorders by perturbing protein folding, either directly or indirectly through their effects on cell metabolism. However, little is known how cells adapt to the threat of environmentally-induced proteotoxicity. This study will exploit arsenic as a model for an environmental toxin that adversely affects protein folding and one with important public health hazard affecting multiple organ systems. We recently identified AIRAP as an adaptor of proteasomes, the cell's major protein degradation apparatus. Cellular conditions that impair proteasomal activity such as exposure to arsenite induce expression of AIRAP. Our genetic and biochemical data indicate a protective role for the AIRAP proteasome complex, under protein misfolding conditions. The initial characterization of a second protein, AIRAPL (Q8WV99; a highly homologous protein to AIRAP), has shown AIRAPL to be an additional proteasome adaptor with distinct cellular functions under basal and protein misfolding conditions. RNAi experiments in C. elegans, revealed a protective role for AIRAPL in ageing, a protein misfolding related process. In an effort to understand the cellular functions of AIRAPL, identification of proteins whose degradation depends on AIRAPL will be identified by a proteomic approaches. The emphasis will be to examine the toxic effect of the identified proteins in the biochemical approach and relate them to the ageing process. The goal of this research program is to reduce the cellular adaptations to protein malfolding induced by environmental toxins, to their molecular constituents. This will lay the groundwork for identifying relevant biomarkers of exposure and for future preventive and therapeutic interventions against protein misfolding diseases.

Keywords: natural sciences
Multimodal Analysis of Human Nonverbal Behaviour in Real-World Settings (MAHNOB)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1736800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1736800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Existing tools for human interactive behaviour analysis typically handle only deliberately displayed, exaggerated expressions. As they are usually trained only on series of such exaggerated expressions, they lack models of human expressive behaviour found in real-world settings and cannot handle subtle changes in audiovisual expressions typical for such spontaneous behaviour. The main aim of MAHNOB project is to address this problem and to attempt to build automated tools for machine understanding of human interactive behaviour in naturalistic contexts. MAHNOB technology will represent a set of audiovisual spatiotemporal methods for automatic analysis of human spontaneous (as opposed to posed and exaggerated) patterns of behavioural cues including head pose, facial expression, visual focus of attention, hands and body movements, and vocal outbursts like laughter and yawns. As a proof of concept, MAHNOB technology will be developed for two specific application areas: automatic analysis of mental states like fatigue and confusion in Human-Computer Interaction contexts and non-obtrusive deception detection in standard interview settings. A team of 5 Research Assistants (RAs), led by the PI and having the background in signal processing and machine learning will develop MAHNOB technology. The expected result after 5 years is MAHNOB technology with the following capabilities: - analysis of human behaviour from facial expressions, hand and body movements, gaze, and non-linguistic vocalizations like speech rate and laughter; - interpretation of user behaviour with respect to mental states, social signals, dialogue dynamics, and deceit/veracity; - near real-time, robust, and adaptive processing by means of incremental processing, robust observation models, and learning person-specific behavioural patterns; - provision of a large, annotated, online dataset of audiovisual recordings providing a basis for benchmarks for efforts in machine analysis of human behaviour.

Keywords: multimodal data fusion,machine learning,detection of human cognitive sates,deception detection
Models of genome evolution, phylogenomics and the tree of life (PHYGENOM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 994800.0
EU funding (EUR): 994800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the evolution of all living organisms is one of the fundamental challenges in biology. The phylogenetic analysis of whole genomes has already proven very useful to decipher not only their history, but also their organization and function. Indeed, the accuracy of these inferences is intimately related to the quality of the models assumed. Despite important advances, models of genome evolution are still in its infancy, and more realistic models are needed to provide more precise and reliable inferences from genome data. In addition, a number of phylogenomic algorithms have been proposed to estimate phylogenies from complete genomes based on different genomic features. Although the application of these methods has already led to critical conclusions regarding the tree of life, the relative performance of these algorithms has not been properly evaluated yet. The first objective of this grant is to develop more realistic models of genome evolution, integrating changes in gene content and changes in gene sequences, and allowing for model variation along different branches of the phylogeny. In order to avoid model overparameterization, a statistical framework for the selection of best-fit models of genome evolution for the data at hand will also be implemented. Genome data simulated under these models will be used to compare the performance of different phylogenomic algorithms. Optimized phylogenomic strategies will then be applied to available genomes in order to decipher unresolved portions of the tree of life. Finally, all the bioinformatic tools developed under this grant will be made freely available to the scientific community.

Keywords: phylogenomics,models of evolution,simulations,tree of life
Supersymmetric Dark Matter and Collider Phenomenology (SUSYDM-PHEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The compilation of the recent cosmological data from experiments in cosmology and astrophysics, and in particular of those of the WMAP satellite, confirm with greater accuracy the standard cosmological model. According to them the current energy density of the Universe is comprised by about 70% of dark energy and 30% of matter, most of which is in the form of non-baryonic dark matter (DM). It has been appreciated for some time that the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is a suitable candidate for this non-baryonic cold dark matter. The LSP is stable in supersymmetric models where R-parity is conserved, and its relic density falls naturally within the favoured range if it weighs less than 1 TeV. In this case the most of the parameter space of the supersymmetric models can be explored by the future high energy experiments, like these that will be performed at LHC collider at CERN after about two years and at the International Linear Collider some years later. This, in conjunction with the upcoming information from projects like the PLANCK satellite and the various neutrinos telescopes, will provide us with the unique opportunity to comprehend the fundamental physics beyond the Standard Model of the particle physics. We will study the effect of the presence of CP violating phases on direct and indirect DM experiments, in the context of variants of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), and we will impose the cosmological constraints by estimating precisely the neutralino relic density. In doing so, we will explore the complementarity between the accelerator and DM searches. In addition, we will investigate the possibility of baryogenesis through leptogenesis in this framework. On the other hand, we will study the possibility that the LSP is the gravitino, the supersymmetric partner of the graviton, and we will explore the interplay between the DM and the Dark Energy, in the context of grand unified and string models.

Keywords: astrophysics,cosmology,quantum field theory