Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Flares throughout the solar atmosphere (FLARES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-15
End date: 2016-05-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199317.6
EU funding (EUR): 199317.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Solar flares are sudden, explosive releases of the magnetic energy stored in the Sun. They often affect a wide range of solar regions: the corona, the chromosphere, and the photosphere, influencing their temperatures, densities, and magnetic fields. Space weather and thus its influence on the Earth is largely driven by flares, but their prediction and detailed mechanisms throughout the solar atmosphere are still unclear. The overall goal of this project is to understand the connections and interplay of different solar layers during flares. I propose to investigate the flare mechanisms with state-of-the-art methods by combining data from RHESSI, IBIS, Hinode, IRIS, and SDO. The combination of these data allows us to study the three-dimensional structure of the solar magnetic field and the free energy stored in the corona to estimate the potential for flares. This has rarely been attempted in the past because these different telescopes and spacecraft, observing methods, and analysis techniques require the combined expertise of different fields of heliophysics. With the applicant's strong background in polarimetry and the host institute's fundamental expertise with high-energy observations, I expect to derive a three-dimensional picture of flares, which will significantly improve our capabilities for space weather forecasting.

Keywords: solar physics,heliophysics,flares,space weather,polarization measurements,high energy observations,magnetic fields,flare precursors,solar atmosphere,inversions,rhessi,solar orbiter
Macrobenthic communities associated with deep wood falls lying in submarine canyons (DEEPFALL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2018-08-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 341387.1
EU funding (EUR): 341387.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Life in the deep-sea ecosystems is generally dependent on the constant rain and fall of particles and matter from the photic zone and the continental shelf. Submarine canyons may trap and concentrate large organic falls (e.g. terrestrial debris and sunken wood) from wide areas. Its accumulation on canyon floor creates “islands” that contribute to deep-sea species diversity and dispersal. Therefore, it is widely accepted that submarine canyons may play a significant role in enhancing shelf-basin exchanges and may be biodiversity hotspots. DeepFall focuses on studying the spatial distribution, temporal succession and population connectivity among species from macrobenthic communities associated to wood falls from various submarine canyons. These communities and the objectives targeted in this proposal are poorly known worldwide, and have never been studied in submarine canyons. Within the DeepFall, diverse studies on the ecology, physiology and population dynamics of these communities will be carried out in seven submarine canyons, three Mediterranean, one Atlantic, and three Pacific. The main objectives are: 1) to investigate canyons’ macrobenthic community succession in sunken wood; 2) to study the biology and physiology of Xylophaga spp. (the primary wood degrader in deep-sea ecosystems); 3) to study population genetics and phylogeography of Xylophaga spp. using nuclear and mitochondrial markers.4) to study population connectivity among canyons. In conclusion DeepFall will predict the potential dispersal and connectivity of species among high priority conservation areas such as submarine canyons. DeepFall will also investigate the matter and energy exchanges between coastal and deep-sea regions, and the potential impacts of episodic climate/oceanographic events on deep-sea. In addition a series of teaching, outreach, dissemination and networking activities will be addressed to complete the fellow skills as independent scientist.

Keywords: submarine canyons,sunken wood,organic falls,xylophaga,taxonomy,deep-sea benthic macrofauna,connectivity,polulation genetics
HPeV3 structural and functional studies (HPEV3 STRUCTURE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 276865.2
EU funding (EUR): 276865.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Human parechovirus 3 (HPeV3) belongs to the genus Parechovirus within the large and growing family of Picornaviridae. Currently, the Picornaviridae family contains 37 species grouped into 17 genera. All picornaviruses are small icosahedrally-symmetric non-enveloped viruses that possess single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes. Picornaviruses, including parechoviruses, contain significant human pathogens that can cause a wide range of disease symptoms. Parechoviruses mainly cause asymptomatic or mild infections primarily in small children. Recently, however, there have been many case reports describing parechovirus association with encephalitis, meningitis and neonatal sepsis. Due to the relatively simple protein components of parechovirus (just three major capsid proteins which are highly variable, and some very conserved non-structural proteins), the majority of the variation in disease is associated with the variation in the capsid proteins. The entry pathway of parechoviruses is poorly understood. In general the understanding on picornavirus entry is built on the evidence obtained from a few model viruses. The HPeV1 life cycle starts via binding of the virus to integrin receptor(s) on the surface of the host cell; then follows virus internalization via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and transport of the virus in endosomal vesicles to the site of replication in the cell interior. HPeV1 binds to two integrins, αVβ3 and αVβ6, via its RGD motif located in VP1 on the capsid. HPeV3 does not possess a RGD motif thus further studies are needed to elucidate the HPeV3 entry pathway. This project aims to unravel structural and biological properties of HPeV3 to facilitate a progress in parechovirus diagnostic and treatment. Such highly innovative methods as cryo EM, CEMOVIS and 3D organ culture will be applied.

Keywords: human parechovirus type 3,virus entry,antiviral therapy,3d structure,cemovis,electron cryo microscopy,3d organ culture
UNITY OF STRUCTURED PROPOSITIONS (USHP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The unity of the proposition is the new, budding topic in the paradigm of structured meaning. This paradigm is establishing itself as the successor of the fruitful, but insufficient paradigm of possible-world semantics. The unity problem is to explain how several entities, at least an individual A and a property F, combine into one entity, the structured proposition P that A is an F, and what associates P with the truth-condition that is satisfied exactly when A is an F. The transition between paradigms marks a transition from the set theory of model-theoretic semantics to the part/whole theory (mereology) of structured meanings. One unsettled question is how fine-grained (how hyperintensional) structured propositions must be to serve as sentential meanings and objects of attitudes. Another is the unity problem, which is only now beginning to receive its due attention in contemporary semantic theory. The objective of my research is a solution that is both philosophically and logically adequate. The objective will be achieved through the methodology of philosophical logic, which applies logical techniques to philosophical problems. My theoretical framework is a procedural semantics construing propositions as structured procedures whose parts are sub-procedures and whose unifier is the procedure of predicating a property of an individual. The proposed research is continuous with my decade-long track record of published research on structured meaning, hyperintensional logic, and procedural semantics. The relevance and urgency of this research is to fill a big gap in the paradigm of structured meaning so as to advance philosophical logic, philosophy of language, and the theoretical foundations of computer science and programming languages. The research facility of LOGOS at University of Barcelona is the ideal location: it is one of the most dynamic, internationally oriented, and prominent research institutions in philosophical logic and analytic philosophy worldwide.

Keywords: philosophy,logic,semantics,mereology,metaphysics,structure,procedure,hyperintensionality
Degradation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and its impact on thrombolysis (NET-LYSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168794.4
EU funding (EUR): 168794.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality emphasizing the need for new antithrombotic therapies. Recently, a novel pro-thrombotic mechanism was uncovered: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Neutrophils, the chief cells of the innate immunity, release DNA fibers during thrombosis. These extracellular DNA filaments form web-like structures known as NETs, which provide a scaffold and stimulus for thrombus formation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NETs are associated with thrombosis in patients underlining that NETs are a new therapeutic target. In order to identify therapies against NETs, we propose to address the unanswered question: how are NETs neutralized in vivo? It is known that extracellular DNA is digested by cooperative action of DNase1 and DNase1-like 3 (DNase1l3) in vitro. DNase1 and DNase1l3 are the only DNases in plasma and we hypothesize that they degrade NETs within thrombi. Furthermore, we speculate that degradation of NETs causes thrombus destabilization and facilitates thrombus resolution. To test the hypothesis, we will employ DNase1- and DNase1l3-deficient mice, infusions of recombinant murine DNase1 and DNase1l3 as well as infusions of DNase1 antibodies. To address NET degradation specifically, we will use genetically engineered mice, which cannot form NETs. Using these tools, we propose to investigate the role of plasma DNases in NET-degradation in murine models of arterial and venous thrombosis. If our hypothesis is correct, the proposed experiments will reveal the mechanism of NET-degradation in vivo and identify plasma DNases as drug candidates for antithrombotic therapy.

Keywords: inflammation,thrombosis,neutrophils,neutrophil extracellular traps,nets,extracellular dna,dnase
Information-Centric Network Management and Traffic Engineering (INTENT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The current Internet architecture focuses on communicating entities, leaving aside the exchanged information. However, current trends show that what is exchanged is becoming more important than who are exchanging it. As a result, the Internet is effectively moving from interconnecting machines to interconnecting information. Moreover, the location-centric model used by the underlying Internet routing paradigm, transferring of datagrams from one routable endpoint to another, limits the ability to fully utilize resources that are available along the route from the provider to the consumer(s), such as storage (e.g., for caching) or computing (e.g., for re-encoding). Information-Centric Networking (ICN) has been proposed as a paradigm shift from the host-to-host Internet to a host-to-content one, or in other words from an end-to-end communication system to a native distribution network. This trend has attracted the attention of the research community, which has argued that content, instead of end-points, must be at the centre stage of attention. These efforts promise, among other things, more flexibility in adapting to new services, efficiency improvements on lower layers, and native multicast support. However, crucial questions remain, like the management of ICN networks which has not yet been addressed focusing (1) on Traffic Engineering (TE) and (2) cache and route management. Thus, the main goals of the proposed project “Information-Centric Network Management and Traffic Engineering” (INTENT) is to develop key network management functions for ICN networks related to route and cache management and to specify an overall ICN TE framework for content delivery.

Keywords: information-centric networking,traffic engineering,network management (cache and route management)
Understanding the Micro-Environments of Diazotrophs and their Associated Activities in Rice (DIAZOASSOCRICE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 179137.2
EU funding (EUR): 179137.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world’s most important crop plants. The production is strongly limited by nitrogen (N), which is typically supplied by industrial fertilizers that are costly and hazardous to the environment. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) through N2 fixing Bacteria and Archaea (diazotrophs) can alleviate the N-shortage in rice cultivation and was estimated to account for up to 25% of the total N-demand of the plants. However, our knowledge on N2 fixation related processes in the soil-microbe-plant interface of flooded rice fields (paddy soils) is still rudimentary. The proposed project seeks to increase the understanding of N2 fixation rates of diazotrophs and their respective contribution to the total BNF in these systems. A better understanding of the colonization patterns and preferential micro-niches of diazotroph associated with soil-grown rice roots is needed to unravel the interactions and N-transfer processes between diazotrophs and the rice plant on a biologically meaningful micro-scale. The objectives of the proposed research are: (1) to investigate the factors (soil types, rice genotypes, plant growth stages) influencing the community composition of diazotrophs associated with different soil/root micro-environments based on nifH amplicon sequencing; (2) the in situ analysis of spatial distribution and colonization patterns of native diazotrophs associated with soil-grown rice roots via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); and (3) to assess the in situ activity of diazotrophs associated with soil-root micro-environments by 15N2 incubations and FISH-NanoSIMS. This project combines molecular methods, biogeochemical assays, and single-cell isotope analysis to analyze the in situ activities of diazotrophs in a previously unachievable manner. This multidisciplinary approach will be extremely powerful to address questions regarding the N2 fixation by plant-associated diazotrophs on a biologically relevant submicron scale.

Keywords: microbial ecology,nitrogen fixation,diazotrophy,wetland rice,paddy soil,next-generation sequencing,fluorescence in situ hybridization,nanosims,stable isotope labeling,nifh,submicron-scale
The Systems Biology of Transcriptional Read-Through in Bacteria: from Synthetic Networks to Genomic Studies (READTHRUBACSYST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2017-03-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186783.6
EU funding (EUR): 186783.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Control of transcription in bacteria is achieved at many levels, including regulation of transcription initiation and termination, as well as the availability and stability of mRNAs. While some of these mechanisms have been extensively studied and seem to be tightly controlled, transcription termination is often strikingly inefficient. Why such a central process should be inefficient is unclear, although in several cases transcriptional read-through has been reported to benefit the cell. Our aim is to investigate this process and to elucidate the role(s) of transcriptional read-through in bacterial gene regulation as well as its impact on the dynamics of genetic networks. Our approach will utilize established simple synthetic genetic networks, in which individual parameters such as induction, repression and transcriptional termination can be easily manipulated and their influence on transcription individually assessed. This experimental setting will allow us to address the question of the effect of transcriptional read-through in an environment with clearly defined inputs and outputs. We subsequently plan to assess the influence of modifying termination efficiency on characteristic phenotypes and overall fitness in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Understanding the role of transcriptional read-through will help elucidate the effect of gene order on overall phenotypes.

Keywords: genetic architecture,transcriptional read-through,gene regulation,synthetic genetic networks,single-cell biology
Functional and structural changes of brain circuitry in altered oxygen conditions (BRAINCIROXCON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Maintaining the oxygen (O2) concentration at an appropriate level is the most important task for the survival of a living organism. Both low level (hypoxia) and high level (hyperoxia) of O2 have deleterious effect on cells. Brain is especially sensitive to O2 change. These induces a variety of alterations in neuronal function, ionic homeostasis and cell morphology. Recording the network and single cell activity at various O2 concentrations in vivo in anesthetized and freely moving rats. The concentration of the inhaled O2 will be continuously monitored during the experiment. Cortical EEG activity will be recorded with animals in normoxic (21% O2), hyperoxic (30%, 50%, 70% and 100% O2) and hypoxic (16% and 10% O2) environment. A 16-64 channel multielectrode array will be inserted into the somatosensory cortex to record spontaneous electrical network activity. This technique enables us to record the electrical activity of a single cell, and determine the neuroanatomical (axon and dendrite arborization) and neurochemical characteristic of the cell. Based on these observations, our specific aims are to determine: Identify the distinct cell population(s) that are most vulnerable to the altered O2 concentrations. What are the potential long-term neurophysiological and behavioural outcomes of hyperoxic and hypoxic conditions. What is the relationship between these general outcomes and the activities of cortical inhibitory interneurons will also be addressed in the future. This project will combine various electrophysiology, neuroanatomy and behavioural approaches. The proposal has strong multi-disciplinary aspects as well since it involves the combined efforts of expertise from medical sciences, cell biology and computational science. It also has the potential prospect for practical applications given that new therapeutic options in hypoxia and hyperoxia are in high demand.

Keywords: neurobiology,neuroanatomy,electrophysiology,hypoxia,hyperoxia,behavioural outcomes
Building an archive of conflicting memories: A history of Carlos Casado's tannin factory in Paraguay (1889-2001) (ARCHFACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-28
End date: 2017-08-27
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 272285.4
EU funding (EUR): 272285.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the project is to narrate the history of the Casado S.A. tannin factory in Puerto Casado (Paraguay) from 1889 to 2000, from the point of view of the different social social groups that were the protagonists of this history: the ex-workers, the Salesian missionaries, the Casado-Sastre family and the descendents of the Argentinean managers and technicians. The factory, that was sold in 2000 to the Reverend Moon’s Unification Church, is today an object of legal contention between the ex-factory workers (partially supported by the Paraguayan state) and the Church. What makes this history particularly interesting is that half of the factory working force, since the late 19th century, was composed by indigenous people. By narrating the history of the factory, I also aim at analysing the relationship between the different groups that worked in it for almost one century. In order to do this, the project will incorporate the use of design tools as a key element of the research, and in particular: a web archive and an exhibition. In fact, since the beginning of the research fieldwork I will produce a web archive on the history of the factory where I will upload the video-interview, pictures and documents in order to receive immediate feedback from the local people and to stimulate their participation in the project. Second, I will design an exhibition that will be implemented in collaboration with local and national authorities. Through the use of design tools, the debate on the value of factory as ‘industrial heritage’ or ‘common good’, and the role of indigenous people in contributing to the economic development of the country will be brought to public attention. Moreover, the reconstruction of a common history might foster a dialogue between the indigenous and the non-indigenous part of the population in Puerto Casado, a relationship that is today characterized by many tensions.

Keywords: oral history,paraguay,indigenous people,industrial heritage,history of work,intercultural relations,design tools in social sciences,factory work