Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Orchestrating the Transcriptome and Proteome in Time and Space: Quantitative Modeling of Protein Production, Degradation and Localization in Mammalian Systems (EXPRESSION DYNAMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2017-03-01
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 252742.2
EU funding (EUR): 252742.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Gene expression in mammalian cells is tightly controlled and depends on the interplay between the production, degradation and localization of RNA and proteins. Each of these processes is highly regulated, but it remains largely unclear which of these is the dominant process determining the final concentration of each protein in each cell state or time point on a genomic scale. In my outgoing phase, I will systematically study the dynamics of gene expression control of mammalian cells, using the clinically-relevant model system of immune dendritic cells (DCs) responding to the pathogen component LPS. First, I will evaluate the contribution of protein production and degradation to changes in overall protein levels following LPS stimulation. Second, I will integrate the generated data with already available data about the dynamics of the RNA life cycle to build an unprecedented quantitative genome-scale model of the temporal dynamics of gene expression, from transcription to protein degradation. Third, I will study systematically the translational potential of short non-canonical ORFs encoded on putative long non-coding RNAs. Finally, I will use these data to select new candidate regulators of the immune response of DCs and validate and refine their roles by systematic genetic perturbations followed by signature-scale monitoring. In my returning phase, I will apply the experience gained and methods developed during my outgoing phase to systematically study gene expression in hippocampal neurons upon synaptic stimulation. In particular, I will study gene expression control in somata and dendrites separately, thus considering spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression dynamics. The proposed study will provide insight into the temporal and spatial expression dynamics of both canonical and short-canonical ORFs in two independent mammalian model systems. This will also lead to the identification of key regulators of the immune response and of memory formation.

Keywords: l203 proteomics,l105 protein synthesis - modification and turnover,l104 rna synthesis - processing - modification and degradation,l213 systems biology,l601 innate immunity,synaptic plasticity,l602 a
Risky Decision-Making: Opening the Human Black Box to Document Decision-Making (RDM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-03
End date: 2016-07-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

How can we analyse real decision-making (DM) processes in organizations to prevent or mitigate industrial risks? The main purpose of the proposal is to acquire a better understanding of DM’s psycho-social mechanisms in organizations to improve them and so that, mitigate and/or prevent risks. Managing risk is a priority for ensuring safety and continuous performance. Reason (Reason, 2000) shows how accidents happen when a series of ‘threats’ to safety occur and pass unnoticed through ‘gaps’ in an organization protective system. The actual sequence of actions and decisions in hazardous operations can help to understand, and therefore prevent or mitigate such propagation of failures. However, this needs to document it, and gathering such data is a gap in many organizations. Our research and operational question is therefore: “How can we gather and study real-world data on decision-making in risky situations?” Following the flight recorders’ example, this research project proposes to develop a method to collect DM in hazardous situations, based on a human-centered “cognitive black box”. It will develop an in situ collect and analysis kit for experts’ DM and thinking process by combining a wearable first-person perspective video capture device, called subcam, and protocol for on-the-fly capture of workers’ mental processes. This technique will be used to investigate some real-world cases (in LSE ethics committees and EDF managers’ meetings). The main decision-makers will be equipped with the subcam, then debriefed. The proposed research is a breakthrough in psychology and decision science. Our approach is radically innovative in terms of risks prevention and mitigation in that it not only provides a new path for scientific investigation, but opens the way to industrial applications in many industries, through an innovative and transdisciplinary approach in social sciences.

Keywords: sochuman decision-making,risks prevention,subcam,digital ethnography,video capture,first-person perspective,activity theory,real-world data,verbalization,knowledge transfer,organizations.
Dense Deployments for Green Networks (DENSE4GREEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269743.8
EU funding (EUR): 269743.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The exponential growth in demand for higher data rates in wireless networks requires a massive network densification that is neither economically or ecologically viable with the current cellular architectures. This has stimulated an intense research activity in green or energy-efficient cellular networks. In this regard, a promising solution is inspired to the concept of small-cell networks, which is founded on the idea of a very dense and heterogeneous deployment of operator-installed low-cost and low-power base stations connected via a backhaul infrastructure, endowed with multiple antennas, and equipped with cooperative and cognitive technologies. Although promising, this new concept makes the cellular architecture increasingly complex and poses many issues. Interference management is one of the many technical challenges that must be dealt while designing such networks. The objective of this fellowship lies in identifying and posing in the right modeling perspective the theoretical performance of such interference-limited networks and in finding the algorithmic solutions to approach those limits. The methodology of investigation uses many of the mathematical tools that have been recently proved so useful (random matrix theory, cooperative game theory, and stochastic geometry). The research will be conducted in close collaboration with some of the leading experts in the field, thereby ensuring a step-by-step research-through-training activity that from the analysis of the state of the art will guide me towards the objectives of this fellowship. The latter are briefly summarized as follows: 1) To broaden the application of the investigated mathematical tools in order to derive tractable and general models for dense heterogeneous networks; 2) To provide conceptual insights on the design of efficient communication technologies for the deployment of small-cell networks; 3) To understand the energy-efficiency limits of beyond-LTE wireless networks.

Keywords: wireless communications,energy-efficient cellular systems,densification,small-cells,mimo,stochastic geometry,random matrix theory,distributed signal processing,cooperative game theory
Actin–membrane anchoring in giant liposomes: a biomimetic system to study cell mechanics (CYTOANCHOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183469.8
EU funding (EUR): 183469.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

At the heart of the cell’s ability to maintain its mechanical integrity while dynamically altering its shape is an intimate interaction between plasma membrane and the underlying actin cortex. There is mounting evidence that regulation of actin–membrane anchoring by lipids and dedicated anchoring proteins is critical for the formation of dynamic actin structures needed for essential functions such as cell division, migration, and mechanosensing. The underlying mechanisms are difficult to probe, however, due to the complexity and redundancy of biochemical processes in cells. Here I propose to elucidate how actin–membrane anchoring is involved in cytoskeletal organization and mechanics using a biomimetic model of contractile cells with well-defined composition. I will develop new microfluidic methods to encapsulate active cortical networks of actin and myosin motors in cell-sized liposomes, and I will use an important physiological protein, moesin, to implement actin–membrane anchoring. By combining fluorescence microscopy, micromanipulation techniques, and fluctuation analysis, I will investigate the interplay between actin–membrane anchoring and motor activity in cortical organization and rigidity in a systematic and quantitative manner. Ultimately, I will take the biomimetic approach a step further and investigate the molecular basis of cell adhesion and mechanosensing by incorporating focal adhesion proteins and seeding the biomimetic cells on extracellular matrix substrates. The project will elucidate the basic physical principles behind cell mechanics, which is vital for the development of predictive theoretical models and for understanding cellular shape changes in living organisms. Thus, I expect to obtain valuable molecular insights into diseases associated with malfunction of cytoskeleton–membrane anchoring, most notably cancer. Moreover, the experimental assays will be directly applicable to related fields, such as synthetic biology and membrane technology.

Keywords: p219 biophysics,p215 soft condensed matter,l106 biophysics,l818 biomimetics,c130 intelligent materials - self assembled materials,cytoskeleton,actin-membrane anchoring
Complex Topology, Anyons, and Entanglement (TOP-ANYON-ENT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 282561.0
EU funding (EUR): 282561.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Topology and geometry are of fundamental importance in quantum physics. This proposal concerns applications of recent developments in topology and geometry to outstanding problems in condensed matter physics and quantum information theory. The first aim is to lay the foundations for the understanding of the influence of complex topology, which gives rise to generalized anyon statistics, on many-particle transport properties on networks, on entanglement of many-particle network states, and on topological quantum computing. The second aim is application of recent results on symplectic geometry and equivariant cohomology to the description and classification of quantum entanglement, the central concept in quantum information theory. The proposed research is multidisciplinary. On the mathematics side, it involves combinatorial graph theory, algebraic topology, cohomology of quotients and homogenous spaces. On the physics side, it concerns fundamental open problems in quantum many-body physics and quantum information theory. It is also very timely. The recent results on anyons on graphs may lead to new phenomena in quantum transport on networks, for example, generalizations of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects. They can also provide new developments in topological quantum computing, especially in the topological quantum error correcting codes such as Kitaev's toric code. The distinguishing feature of the proposal is the unusual combination of methods, techniques and people involved. The research will be conducted in two world leading scientific institutions: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and School of Mathematics of University of Bristol.

Keywords: m113 mathematical physics,quantum physics,quantum graphs,quantum statistics,anyons,quantum information theory,entanglement,quantum transport on networks,algebraic topology,symplectic geometry
Absorption spectrsocopy and hyperspectral tomography based on coherent supercontinuum source (ASHTCSCS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-03
End date: 2014-12-02
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166204.8
EU funding (EUR): 166204.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposed research program aims to develop a versatile chemical sensing system based on a novel coherent supercontinuum (SC) laser source and absorption spectroscopy. Compared with the traditional SC sources, this new version takes advantage of all normal dispersion photonic crystal fibres (PCF) for the first time to suppress spectral noise and intensity fluctuations. As a result, averaging of absorption spectra can be minimized and temporal resolution can be greatly enhanced. The system is designed to possess two operational modes, which are the line-of-sight-averaged and tomographic modes respectively to satisfy various application needs. The line-of-sight-averaged mode is more suitable for situations where the temporal resolution is the first priority, for example, a rapid changing turbulent flame with insignificant non-uniformities in combustion field. On the contrary, the tomographic mode is targeted to maximize the spatial resolution and is a better option for scenarios where non-uniformities cannot be neglected such as steady laminar flames with large gradients in temperature and chemical species distributions. The implemented system will be verified on a flat burner which has been calibrated and well understood. The sensing system will be finally applied to a rapid compression machine (RCM) to simultaneously retrieve the temperature and concentrations of multiple species with ultrahigh repetition rate (on order of MHz). The purpose of this application is to obtain detailed insights during the ignition and combustion processes of homogeneous mixtures. Species of interest include e.g. acetylene C2H2 as a precursor of soot formation, H2O for temperature measurement, CO as an indicator of heat release, and the formyl radical CHO as an indicator for start of ignition and low-temperature combustion regime. Simultaneously measurement of temperature and concentrations of multiple species with ultrahigh temporal resolution is the major novelty of this project.

Keywords: p109 lasers and laser physics,p216 fluid dynamics (physics),p304,p113 thermodynamics,c114 chemical reactions,c103 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques
Structure and function of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in cell cycle regulation (STARIDP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177000.0
EU funding (EUR): 177000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the classical structure-function paradigm the function of a protein is associated with its three-dimensional structure. However, recent studies using single-molecule FRET, NMR and other techniques have questioned the idea that proteins are static molecules. This phenomenon is exacerbated especially in the proteins that are fully or partially unstructured, termed intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). 30-40% of eukaryotic protein sequences have been found to contain long disordered regions under physiological conditions, based on their amino acid composition. The intrinsic flexibility of IDPs affords functional advantages in molecular recognition. One of the most prominent examples is the disordered polypeptide p27: Through its dynamic intrinsic properties it is able to regulate eukaryotic cell division by interacting with a number of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)/cyclin complexes, as well as with other nuclear and cytoplasmic targets. The inherent flexibility of p27 is essential for the high affinity interaction with the kinase complex, but also for post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination followed by proteosomal degradation. Importantly, phosphorylation of p27 by oncogenic kinases contributes to tumorigenesis in several human cancers. The crystal structure of p27 bound to Cdk/Cyclin complex and ensemble measurements provide molecular details of the specificity and the sequential induced-folding mechanism of this interaction. However, the mechanistic details of this phenomenon are largely understudied in contrast to the conventional protein-folding problem. By applying single-molecule spectroscopy in combination with kinetics, thermodynamics and site-directed mutagenesis (Phi-value analysis), we will provide a basis for understanding the folding upon binding mechanism of intrinsically disordered proteins and the nature of their flexibility with respect to their ability to specifically carry out diverse biological function.

Keywords: l101 molecular biology and interactions,l106 biophysics,l303 cell cycle and division,idp,intrinsically disordered proteins,p27,cdk2,cyclina
Forest Resource Conservation in Nepal (FORCONEPAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 294693.0
EU funding (EUR): 294693.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Managing natural resources to sustain human livelihood needs while minimizing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services is, arguably, the greatest challenge facing our generation. Top-down approaches to preserve natural resources, e.g. protected areas, have had limited success in integrating local social needs with natural resource management. Local communities use and manage more than 10% of the world’s forests, which are key biomes for biodiversity. Governments and conservation initiatives are increasingly recognizing the role of local communities in natural resource conservation but there is little evidence of how local community needs interact with ecological processes. This fellowship will focus on community-managed forests and investigate, for the first time, how long-term environmental outcomes influence - and are influenced by - community management practices. To address this issue, the candidate fellow Dr. Johan Oldekop, will focus on a series of community-managed forests in Nepal and lead an interdisciplinary collaboration between Dr. Mark Whittingham at Newcastle University (UK), and Prof. Arun Agrawal and the International Forestry Resources and Institutions Programme (IFRI) at the University of Michigan (USA). Research outcomes will be highly relevant for forest management policies globally (including community management initiatives in European forests). By leading a high-impact interdisciplinary and policy relevant research programme, Dr. Oldekop will master a unique set of complementary skills and position himself at the lead of interdisciplinary socio-ecological research. Becoming one of Europe’s first uniquely trained interdisciplinary conservation scientists will allow Dr. Oldekop to establish new international collaborations and significantly expand European research excellence and competitiveness.

Keywords: v101 environment and sustainability,v105 human and social geography,v201 earth observations from space - remote sensing,v201 terrestrial ecology - land cover change
A quantitative analysis of single cell variation in transcription during the stabilisation of neural mesodermal cell states in vivo and in vitro. (QUANT CELL STATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-05-19
End date: 2016-05-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196682.1
EU funding (EUR): 196682.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ability to manipulate cellular processes such as differentiation represents one of the major challenges of modern biological research. Central to this is the ability to ensure that target cells respond to signals in a highly coordinated manner, such that all cells within a population respond in the desired way. During embryonic development, cells within a population or tissue interpret a multitude of external signals with remarkable reproducibility as they become specified. Therefore, it is of the upmost interest to understand how this coordinated response is achieved as cells undergo cell fate decisions in vivo and the degree to which this robustness is conserved as stem cells are induced to differentiate in vitro. We aim to quantify transcriptional dynamics at the single cell level as cells move from a stem cell transition state to stabilized neural and mesodermal cell states. This will be performed initially for tailbud stem cells in zebrafish in vivo and subsequently as mouse embryonic stem cells are induced to differentiate in vitro. We expect that this study will not only provide fundamental insights into the dynamics of transcriptional regulation as cells undergo cell state transitions, but also provide highly sensitive fingerprints with which to analyse the molecular mechanisms that control and coordinate cell specification. These studies will be performed in experimental systems that are highly amiable for molecular and genetic manipulations both in an in vivo and an in vitro context and hence lead to a broad and collaborative research programme aimed at understanding the mechanics of coordinated cell state stabilization.

Keywords: l312 stem cell biology,l207 quantitative genetics,l101 molecular biology and interactions,l213 systems biology,l309 developmental genetics - embryology in animals,high-throughput image analysis