Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Structural and functional studies on how the Ski complex activates the exosome to degrade RNA (EXOSOME-SKI-COMPLEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Regulation of RNA stability is recognized as a widely used strategy to regulate protein abundance in time and space in all eukaryotes. RNA degradation regulates gene expression in various processes during development and differentiation and in changing physiological conditions. Many elements of the RNA decay machinery have been identified, but details of their function remain elusive. The exosome is a multi-subunit exonuclease complex that functions in turnover, quality control and processing of many RNA species. Depending on its subcellular localization it requires different accessory protein complexes that specifically target RNAs towards the exosome and stimulate the degradation process. In the yeast cytosol the Ski complex is the major accessory factor of the exosome. It is required for nearly all exosome-mediated mRNA degradation processes. The core Ski complex is formed by Ski2, an RNA helicase, the large TPR protein Ski3 and two copies of Ski8. This core complex interacts genetically and physically with the exosome via the GTPase Ski7. In the proposed project, I will study how the activities of the Ski238 complex, Ski7p and the exosome are concerted. For this I will recombinantly express, purify and crystallize the Ski2387 complex alone and together with the exosome to learn about their interaction on atomic level. This approach structural approach will be complemented by electron microscopic studies of the complexes. The results of the structural analysis will guide the design of subsequent functional biochemical and in vivo studies. The study will be exemplary for the understanding of the functioning of an important cellular machinery in atomic detail.

Keywords: mrna degradation,exosome,ski complex,x-ray crystallography,electron microscopy
TOMORROW'S ENERGY CHALLENGES 2012 (ENERGY CHALLENGES 12)

Framework: FP7 — Euratom
Programme: Nuclear fission and radiation protection
Destination: Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2013-01-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 382800.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fukushima, on the 11th March 2011, triggered a widespread crisis of both confidence in the technical safety of nuclear systems and emotional concern, plunging the Western world into uncertainty! The Association FORM ENGELBERG strongly animated by its familiarity and expertise in the subjects of energy, environment and safety of technical systems, took the initiative on the 10th May 2011 to launch a high-level international conference in order to restore a climate of confidence. Independently of this decision, on the 28th June 2011, the European Union Council invited the European Commission to organize in 2013 a Symposium in Brussels: «involving a broad spectrum of stakeholders to the debate on the benefits and limitations of a low carbon economy» The results of the Conference ENERGY CHALLENGES 2012 will contribute to the preparation of this EU-2013 Symposium. Topics will cover a wide range of interest areas, including: risk governance and societal opinion, global strategies, energy efficiency, radioactive waste management, materials research, energy and mobility, strategic energy technology, and renewable energies, as well as education and training. The objectives of the ENERGY CHALLENGES 2012 conference are to answer questions such as: • Are there any technical or operational restrictions that would hinder the integration of nuclear energy into a system based on large and fluctuating supplies of renewable energy? • How will an energy system be affected by the extension of nuclear operating licences; economically and in terms of C02 emissions? • What are the macroeconomic costs of phasing out nuclear power and energy-political change? The Association FORUM ENGELBERG has 20 years of experience in organizing conferences on complex topics requiring a global and interdisciplinary scientific approach in order to support the political authorities to legislate.

Keywords: fp7-adhoc-2007-13,conference,energy challenges,nuclear energy,nuclear fission,socio-economic aspects of energy systems,low-carbon economy
The Geometry of Scattering Amplitudes (GEOSCATAMP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to explore an exciting discovery in mathematical physics, a new algebraic approach to perturbative gauge theory, the colour/kinematics duality, which also provides a connection between gauge theory and gravity. This duality says that the quantum-mechanical amplitudes for particle scattering in gauge theory depend on the momenta and polarisation of the scattered particles (kinematics) in a way that mirrors the dependence on the “colour”, the internal degree of freedom of gauge theories. Kinematics and colour appear, at first sight, in a very different manner, so this strongly suggests that the traditional methods of quantum field theory give us a very limited understanding of gauge theory amplitudes, and many recent results have strengthened this idea. The colour/kinematics duality has the potential to provide new connections between mathematical physics and other areas of mathematics, such as differential and algebraic geometry, twistor theory and graph theory. This proposal is perfectly suited to the expertise of the Mathematical Physics Group of the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, which is the host institution for this project, and to my own research experience across different subjects in mathematical physics, from general relativity and string theory to scattering amplitudes.

Keywords: m113 mathematical physics
Causal Statistical Inference from High-Dimensional Data (CAUSALHIGHDIM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Statistical causal structure learning tackles the following problem: given iid observational data from a joint distribution, we estimate the underlying causal graph. This graph contains a directed arrow from each variable to its direct effects and is assumed to be acyclic. We propose to develop methods and mathematical theory for high-dimensional applications, where the number of variables is much larger than the number of samples. Independence-based methods like the PC algorithm can discover causal structures only up to Markov equivalence classes, that is some arrows remain undirected. And their consistency relies on strong faithfulness, which has been shown to be a restrictive condition. We propose to exploit structural equation models (SEMs) instead. They assume each variable to be a function of its direct causes and some noise variable. For certain restrictions (e.g. non-linear functions and additive noise) we obtain full identifiability; that is, given an observational distribution, we can recover the underlying causal graph, even without requiring faithfulness. On low-dimensional data sets, SEM-based methods already outperform competing methods like PC. However, they are not applicable to high-dimensional problems yet. One of the main goals of this research proposal is to develop new SEM-based methodology for high-dimensional applications and provide a theoretical analysis. In many applications, data are often collected under different environmental conditions. It is expected that the causal dependencies of a plant's genes, for example, behave differently under stress conditions like drought. Modeling these mechanism changes and exploiting them for causal structure learning is the second main goal of the research proposal. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no methodology available for these tasks. We will apply the developed methodology to biological systems. The research is closely linked to the interdisciplinary project "InfectX".

Keywords: causal inference,graphical models,high-dimensional statistics
Functional OXides Interfaces charge Dynamics under Ultrafast Electric Transients (FOXIDUET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Abstract: During the FOXIDUET project, a single THz-Pump and double THz-Ellipsometry / Second-Harmonic Probe experimental setup will be built in order to investigate the polarization and the charge dynamics of polar-nonpolar oxide interfaces under an intense transient electric field. This new experimental approach will be tested on the prototype polar-nonpolar oxide interface LaAlO3/SrTiO3, with the aim to disentangle the contribution from trapped and free charges to the interface electronic reconstruction that leads to the insulator-to-metal transition and the onset of 2D conductivity in these systems. FOXIDUET – main goals are: 1) To establish this experimental approach as a general tool for studying the large field of functional oxides heterostructures. 2) To transfer the scientific knowledge of the applicant Researcher to the Host Institute. 3) To enhance the career opportunities of the applicant in the frame of the Host Institute and other Research Centres and Universities.

Keywords: p108 optics and quantum optics,p109 lasers and laser physics,p304 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques,p321 surface physics,p212 nanophysics
Assyrian Textiles: A Study on the Terminology and the Material Culture of the Textiles in the Neo-Assyrian Empire (ASTEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-26
End date: 2015-04-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 298932.6
EU funding (EUR): 298932.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project, framed in the research programme Textile Terminologies 1000 BC to AD 1000 of the Centre for Textile Research, will catalogue and investigate the textile terminology in use in the Neo-Assyrian period (first millennium BC). The research is intended to give the scholars of both Oriental studies and of ancient textile studies a comprehensive study on the Assyrian textiles seen as historical sources to understand the organization of economy, the culture, and the society of the first world empire in history, thus challenging the dialogue of specialists of different historical periods and areas of the Ancient World about the textile terminology and the role of textiles in the development of economies and societies as well as in shaping realities through aesthetical and ideological conceptualization. In the past twenty years, the publication of a major part of the Assyrian texts in updated scientific editions provided a comprehensive evidence of a large set of lexical data concerning various types of goods. An accurate explanation of the semantics of many designations of material culture, however, is still a desideratum. This research is aimed at bridging this gap in the studies on the Akkadian textile terminology of the first millennium BC, publishing a still missing complete study of the Neo-Assyrian textiles. More importantly, it will be based on an interdisciplinary approach on the topic. Textiles represent important historical sources for the understanding of a given civilization. Accordingly, their designations in ancient texts must be analysed in a closer comparison with the representations of textile products in the visual art and in the archaeological evidence. Moreover, this project will also explore the possibility to use ethnographical evidence about production, decoration, and aesthetics of textiles in traditional communities of Middle Eastern countries in historical research on ancient textiles.

Keywords: textiles,assyrian empire,lexicon,material culture,interdisciplinary
Identification of p38 MAPK partners in the response of endothelium to oxidative stress and ionizing radiation. Impact in cancer radiotherapy. (P38RADOX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 229605.0
EU funding (EUR): 229605.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer is a leading cause of death in Europe. Therefore, improving the efficacy of curative treatments remains a major goal to achieve. Today, with more than 60% of European cancer patients treated with radiotherapy, understanding the biology underlying the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) is an ongoing challenge to ameliorate efficacy of this treatment. Basic concepts in tumor radiobiology have evolved. Endothelium irrigating tissues exposed to radiation and signaling events initiated at the plasma membrane are now considered as key issues. Thus, the membrane sphingolipid ceramide, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and importantly p38 MAPK proteins have been identified as critical molecular actors of the membrane initiated-response of the endothelium to IR. This project aims at characterizing the p38 MAPK pathway in the response of tumor endothelium to oxidative stress/IR and will address the following issues: What are the partners of p38 MAPK (p38-Partns) in IR/oxidative stress/ceramide pathway? Which IR-endothelial dysfunctions are associated with this p38 MAPK/p38-Partns pathway? The outgoing phase will characterize the ceramide/p38 MAPK pathway in endothelial cells exposed to oxidative stress. The methodological approach will rely on mass spectroscopy identification of p38-Partns. Role of p38-Partns in endothelial functions, notably in cell migration and adhesion by supra-resolution TIRF microscopy, will then be investigated. The return phase will explore this p38 MAPK pathway in vitro in endothelium exposed to IR and in vivo in human samples of irradiated tumor microenvironment. This project will yield new insights in life sciences from fundamental radiobiology and oxidative stress biology to identification of potential new targets for improvement of radiotherapeutical benefit. This proposal will provide scientific expertise and additional training (people management, ethics, translational research) that will impact the fellow’s career development

Keywords: radiobiology,l707 radiation therapy,endothelium,oxidative stress,l108 biochemistry of signal transduction,p38 mapk
Functions of the midbody ring in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis (CYTODEV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168794.4
EU funding (EUR): 168794.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is ample evidence for important roles of cytokinesis in animal development besides ensuring faithful division of daughter cells. However, these additional functions and their mechanistic basis are not well understood. With the work proposed here we will elucidate roles of cytokinesis in differentiation and tumorigenesis. We will focus on the function of the midbody ring (MR), a protein-dense organelle that forms at the site of abscission during cytokinesis. This organelle forms only once during cell division and thus can only be inherited by one of the two daughter cells, creating an inherent asymmetry to cytokinesis. MRs have been implicated in sequestering stem-cell markers and as mediators of differentiation and pluripotency in vitro, the underlying molecular mechanisms and in vivo functions are not clear. We propose a multidisciplinary approach that combines microscopy, computational image analysis, and developmental genetics to analyze how asymmetric MR inheritance affects differentiation and tumorigenesis. We will transfer image analysis technology to the host institution that allows us to use Caenorhabditis elegans as a developmental model for automated cell tracking and fate mapping, to quantitatively analyze the function of MRs in development: We will investigate how asymmetric MR inheritance is regulated during C. elegans embryogenesis and tumor formation and how asymmetric MR distribution affects major differentiation decisions. C. elegans is ideally suited for these experiments since we know the entire embryonic cell lineage, all major differentiation decisions, can induce well-defined tumors, and have powerful genetic tools to manipulate development. We expect that the main results of our work will be of great general interest since they will for the first time address the role of MRs in vivo based on a quantitative approach, thus improving our understanding how asymmetries in cytokinesis can affect normal development and cancer

Keywords: l301 morphology and functional imaging of cells,l306 organelle biology,l303 cell cycle and division,l302 cell biology and molecular transport mechanisms
AAV-mediated Gene Therapy for Haemophilia A (GENOPHILIA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173462.4
EU funding (EUR): 173462.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Haemophilia is a group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to maintain normal blood coagulation. Haemophilia A (clotting factor VIII deficiency) is the most common form of the disorder, occurring in ~1 in 5,000 males in Europe. Although different gene transfer strategies for factor replacement have been evaluated, several properties make adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors the most promising. Most importantly, AAV directs long-term transgene expression from non-dividing cells in animal models after a single administration of vector. In addition, AAV has an excellent safety profile. Unlike other vectors of viral origin, AAV has never been associated with any human disease and is naturally replication deficient. The overriding goal of the proposal is to improve the probability that AAV-mediated FVIII gene transfer can be used to successfully treat patients with haemophilia A. To achieve this goal, the Fellow will 1) establish a simple and efficient GMP compliant manufacturing platform for rAAV-HLP-codop-hFVIII pseudotyped with serotype 8 capsid2) assess the safety and efficacy of this AAV vector encoding a novel, potent FVIII-variant in mice.

Keywords: haematology,rare diseases,non-drug therapy,immunology
A Network Approach to Urbanization and Processes of Invention/Innovation in the Material Culture of Bronze Age Crete (3100-1200 BCE) (NETURBIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 222923.4
EU funding (EUR): 222923.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project focuses on the relationship between urbanization and processes of invention/innovation in the material culture of the Bronze Age society of Minoan Crete (3100-1200 BCE). In essence, it first proposes to address issues of settlement growth, layout and elaboration, but also plans to develop a diachronic approach to connections between settlements and to investigate issues of site hierarchies. Methodologically, along with a description of urban infrastructures, the intra-site study will use space syntax, an approach to spatial organization through graph analysis, to highlight characteristics of the selected sites in terms of accessibility, street layout, and density of occupation. At the inter-site level, comparisons will allow the production of a typology of settlement patterns. The project will subsequently adopt a network approach to model and test hypotheses in terms of how settlements related to one another through time and across different scales (local, regional, island-wide). Secondly, the project intends to consider the appearance of technological innovations constituting crucial watersheds in the production of various aspects of Minoan material culture (including architecture, ceramics, glyptic, metalwork, script, etc.) and analyze their spatial distribution. The proportion of technological novelties exhibited in the archaeological data of various types of settlements through the history of their occupation will then be highlighted. Finally, on the basis of the hierarchies of settlements and the demographic processes they implied, a network analysis of scenarios of diffusion of innovations will be conducted and evaluated in terms of their congruity with archaeological data. Through these analyses, the project ultimately aims at exploring to what extent urbanization played a role in the appearance of technological inventions, the spread of innovations, but also the persistence of traditional expressions of material culture of Bronze Age Crete

Keywords: s401 archaeology,s402 prehistory and protohistory,minoan crete,settlements,urbanism,material culture,invention and innovation,network analysis