Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Haptic Signal Processing and Communications (PROHAPTICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1489000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1489000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During the last decade, audio-visual communication has shaped the way humans interact with technical systems or other humans. During the next decade, haptic communication has the potential to further augment human-to-human and human-to-machine interaction. With recent advances in Virtual Reality, Man-Machine Interaction, Telerobotics, Telepresence, and Telemanipulation, the processing and communication of haptic signals are rapidly gaining in relevance and are becoming an enabling technology for many novel fields of application. The objective of this proposal is to investigate fundamental methods and technologies for the efficient processing and communication of haptic signals. We will develop a mathematical model of human haptic perception which will be instrumental in ensuring that introduced distortions stay below human perception thresholds. One of the main goals of this work is to leverage the model of human haptic perception for efficient lossy compression of haptic signal streams. We will study haptic signal processing and communication both from a theoretical point of view but also experimentally by designing, implementing and evaluating haptic interaction testbeds. The performance of the proposed haptic processing and communication methods will be analyzed both objectively and subjectively. With our work plan, we see the opportunity to establish a de facto standard for future haptic data communication.

Keywords: haptics,perceptual coding,data compression,multimedia communication
Frontier research in bone mechanobiology during normal physiology, disease and for tissue regeneration (BONEMECHBIO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499910.51
EU funding (EUR): 1499910.51
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

While previous studies have investigated cell-signalling pathways that facilitate mechanotransduction and have provided a wealth of data, to date, in vivo mechanobiology is not fully understood. In the research study proposed the applicant will embark upon frontier research to delineate these specific aspects of bone mechanotransduction during normal physiology, disease and for tissue regeneration purposes. If these quantities were better understood the proposed research program will deliver significant advances in the understanding of the mechanical regulation of bone remodelling during normal physiology and osteoporosis, and will enhance approaches for regeneration of bone tissue for treatment of bone pathologies. The primary objective is to delineate the normal mechanosensory and signalling mechanisms of bone cells. The secondary objective is to determine whether the regulatory role of bone cells is inhibited or impaired during bone diseases such as osteoporosis. The final objective of this project is to develop an in vitro mechanical loading device that can enhance bone tissue regeneration and thereby advance current treatment approaches for bone pathologies. To address these objectives, five hypotheses have been defined, each of which will underpin the research of five work packages. A combination of experimental studies, using animal models and in vitro cell culture, and computational modelling will be taken to test each of these hypotheses. Answering these hypotheses will bring us closer to an understanding of the origins of bone mechanobiology and diseases such as osteoporosis. Furthermore, the results of these studies will facilitate development of novel approaches to enhance bone regeneration in vitro.

Keywords: mechanobiology,bone,biomechanics,osteoporosis,tissue regeneration
Novel Out-of-Equilibrium Spectroscopy Techniques to Explore and Control Quantum Phenomena in Nanocircuits (NANOSPEC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1454400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1454400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We plan to develop and make use of novel out-of-equilibrium spectroscopy techniques that give access to energy transfers in electronic nanocircuits. The unveiled information will be used to investigate promising quantum phenomena and to explore new routes to control the mechanisms that limit their potentialities for nanoelectronics. The proposals backbone is the spectroscopy of the fundamental electronic states energy distribution function f(E) that we demonstrated this fall 2009: by using a quantum dot as an energy filter, we performed the first measurement of a non-equilibrium f(E) in a semiconductor nanocircuit. We plan not only to employ it, but also to develop complementary techniques which will further widen our range of investigation. We anticipate this f(E) toolbox will be crucial for the rising field of out-of-equilibrium mesoscopic physics. We will first examine through the unexplored facet of heat transport the quantum Hall effect regimes, which exhibit a large variety of puzzling many-body quantum phenomena and are of particular interest for their metrology applications and quantum information potentialities. The planed experiments will be done for various out-of-equilibrium situations, which will permit us to address longstanding open questions, such as the nature of pertinent excitations, and to test original ways to increase quantum effects. We will also perform direct energy exchange measurements to investigate the inelastic mechanisms that set the length and energy scales of coherent and out-of-equilibrium physics in nanocircuits. The novel f(E) spectroscopy will permit us to take advantage of the two-dimensional electron gas circuits high modularity to study many transport regimes and geometries that remain unexplored from this revealing viewpoint.

Keywords: quantum hall regime,quantum dot,two dimensional electron gas,quantum coherence,out-of-equilibrium physics
Emulating Nature through Asymmetric Catalysis (NATCAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499993.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499993.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We aim to establish a multidisciplinary research program inspired by nature s ability to selectively and specifically control the formation of complex materials, in order to develop new catalytic reactions, generate new materials and delineate new synthetic strategies. The performance of enzymes - complex catalysts perfected though millions years of evolution - offer ideals of selectivity and specificity that synthetic chemistry can aspire to. This proposal aims to establish a multidisciplinary approach to develop new practical and predictable catalytic methods based upon and inspired by natural catalysts. We aim to challenge preconceptions about the field of organic synthesis to focus on the development of asymmetric electrocyclization processes, an entire class of reactions for which there is no general solution. We have delineated an ion-pairing approach to the only catalytic asymmetric thermal 6À electrocyclic process and we aim to build on the insight provided by this result to develop a general approach to the control of electrocyclic processes. We also aim to investigate the development of unnatural folded materials that plagiarize some of the features of enzymes - such as positive cooperativity between non-covalent interactions to generate more efficient asymmetric catalysts. This multidisciplinary approach focuses on the design and synthesis of new folding backbones, investigation of their folding propensities and the evolution of catalytic function. This research program will lead to the development and understanding of new tools essential for the assembly of complex molecules with biological, material or structural value.

Keywords: electrocyclization,catalysis,asymmetric synthesis,foldamers,cooperativity,hydrogen bonding.
High performance and ultralight carbon nanotube wires for power transmission (HPCNTW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1470114.0
EU funding (EUR): 1470114.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Due to their unique molecular structure carbon nanotubes can offer high electrical conductivity and superior current density. Both of these properties are sought after, especially for overhead power transmission lines where the extremely high axial strength of nanotubes would also be a bonus. In this research proposal single wall carbon nanotubes (nanometer size tubes made of rolled up graphene sheets) with desirable dimensions and controlled way of the graphene sheet rolled up into a tube (referred to as chirality), will be synthesized and spun into fibres using two unique methods, which were developed in Cambridge. These high performance carbon nanotube fibres will be explored as flexible, lightweight, highly efficient materials for use as wires for a variety of power transmission applications. The project will focus on achieving precise chirality control of carbon nanotubes through crystallographic manipulation of the catalyst particles using a recently-discovered in-house method. Tuning the molecular structure of individual nanotubes will achieve maximum uniformity and desired level of electrical conductivity. Next, carbon nanotube fibres will be spun using a unique process currently available only in Cambridge. The quality of fibres will be assessed, after which the fibres will be assembled into strands and cables. In the final stage, different polymeric coatings will be investigated as insulation for the wires and diverse geometries explored. There will be several fundamental benefits from the outcome of this research proposal. Demonstration of the chirality control of nanotubes, which is the “holy grail” in the field, would be important in itself, while application of the material as useful wires and cables will make it much more immediately useful

Keywords: carbon nanotubes,chirality control,electric power transmission,ballistic electron transport
Electron dynamics to the Attosecond time scale and Angstrom length scale on low dimensional structures in Operation (ELECTRONOPERA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1419120.0
EU funding (EUR): 1419120.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We will develop and use imaging techniques for direct probing of electron dynamics in low dimensional structures with orders of magnitude improvements in time and spatial resolution. We will perform our measurements not only on static structures, but on complex structures under operating conditions. Finally as our equipment can also probe structural properties from microns to single atom defects we can directly correlate our observations of electron dynamics with knowledge of geometrical structure. We hope to directly answer central questions in nanophysics on how complex geometric structure on several length-scales induces new and surprising electron dynamics and thus properties in nanoscale objects. The low dimensional semiconductors and metal (nano) structures studied will be chosen to have unique novel properties that will have potential applications in IT, life-science and renewable energy. To radically increase our diagnostics capabilities we will combine PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy and attosecond XUV/IR laser technology to directly image surface electron dynamics with attosecond time resolution and nanometer lateral resolution. Exploring a completely new realm in terms of timescale with nm resolution we will start with rather simple structure such as Au nanoparticles and arrays nanoholes in ultrathin metal films, and gradually increase complexity. As the first group in the world we have shown that atomic resolved structural and electrical measurements by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy is possible on complex 1D semiconductors heterostructures. Importantly, our new method allows for direct studies of nanowires in devices. We can now measure atomic scale surface chemistry and surface electronic/geometric structure directly on operational/operating nanoscale devices. This is important both from a technology point of view, and is an excellent playground for understanding the fundamental interplay between electronic and structural properties.

Keywords: nanowire,peem,attosecond
Nuclear Physics from Quantum Chromodynamics (NUCLEAREFT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1165864.0
EU funding (EUR): 1165864.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Explaining low-energy nuclear structure from Quantum Chromodynamics, the underlying theory of the strong interaction, is one of the major challenges in contemporary theoretical nuclear and particle physics. What is needed is, on the one hand, a detailed quantitative understanding of the interaction between baryons, the relevant effective degrees of freedom for the problem at hand, based on Quantum Chromodynamics. On the other hand, a microscopic description of strongly interacting baryons requires reliable methods to deal with the quantum mechanical few- and many-body problems. The proposed research addresses both of the two challenges aiming to achieve a precise, quantitative description of nuclear forces and the properties of light nuclei and hyper-nuclei firmly rooted in the symmetries of Quantum Chromodynamics. These goals will be reached by using analytical methods based on chiral effective field theory combined with large-scale numerical simulations on high-performance computers.

Keywords: effective field theory,nuclear forces,few-body systems,hypernuclei
Multilingual Joint Word Sense Disambiguation (MULTIJEDI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1288400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1288400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the information society the language barrier represents one of the main obstacles to the automatic use, integration and manipulation of knowledge, and this is manifested in the lack of intelligent systems able to perform unified semantic processing of textual resources in a multitude of different languages. To create such systems, a necessary step is to assign the appropriate meanings to the words in documents, a task referred to as Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). But while WSD is typically performed in a monolingual setting, in order to enable multilingual processing, the semantic connections between word senses (i.e. meanings) in different languages need to be exploited. However, current state-of-the-art systems mainly rely on the existence of bilingual aligned text collections or limited-coverage multilingual resources to perform cross-lingual disambiguation, an unrealistic requirement when working with an arbitrary number of language pairs. Here we propose a research program that will investigate radically new directions for performing multilingual WSD. The key intuition underlying our proposal is that WSD can be performed globally to exploit at the same time knowledge available in many languages. The first stage will involve the development of a methodology for automatically creating a large-scale, multilingual knowledge base. In a second stage, using this lexical resource, novel graph-based algorithms for jointly performing disambiguation across different languages will be designed and experimented. Crucially, we aim to show that these two tasks are mutually beneficial for going beyond current state-of-the-art WSD systems. The proposed project will have an impact not only on WSD research, but also on related areas such as Information Retrieval and Machine Translation.

Keywords: word sense disambiguation,knowledge acquisition,natural language processing,intelligent text processing
Model Checking Unleashed (MCUNLEASH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1364405.35
EU funding (EUR): 1364405.35
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Model checking is a technique which is being used successfully in automatic program. More than 25 years of research on model checking has brought forward various techniques and tricks which can handle complex tasks or just massive structures as caused by the state-space explosion problem for instance. Mathematically, the model checking problem is to determine whether or not a given relational structure is a model of a given formula, typically of a temporal logic. In the domain of program verification, very weak temporal logics suffice in order to express relevant properties. Temporal logics of higher expressive power can naturally express more complex properties. In particular, there already are logics which can express all kinds of decision problems in the range of NP and above. In this project we will investigate the use of advanced model checking techniques for the solving of decision and computation problems in all kinds of diverse areas like bio-informatics, database querying, network routing, computational linguistics, etc. We will, for example, identify important problems in this area, encode them as model checking problems in logics of suitable expressive power, and use partial evaluation, manual optimisations, and the vast toolbox of model checking specialisations in order to obtain new and competitive algorithms for and insights into such problems. We will design suitable temporal logics where there are none, and build model checking algorithms which serve as a generic starting point for the solving of such problems.

Keywords: algorithm design,method transfer,generic problem solving
Optimizing delivery of health care interventions (ODHIN)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Optimising the delivery of healthcare to European citizens
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Sweden,Sweden,Poland,Slovenia,Portugal,Italy,Netherlands,Czechia,Poland
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3859599.13
EU funding (EUR): 2999300.0
Participants: 20
Project status: CLOSED

ODHIN is a Europe wide project involving research institutions from nine European countries that will help to optimize the delivery of health care interventions by understanding how better to translate the results of clinical research into every day practice. ODHIN will use the implementation of identification and brief intervention (IBI) programmes for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption (HHAC) in primary health care (PHC) as a case study. There is strong evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of IBI in reducing HHAC and its consequences, which include more than 60 clinical diagnoses and conditions. A series of systematic reviews investigating the impact of different behavioural, organizational and financial strategies in changing provider behaviour across a range of clinical lifestyle interventions will be undertaken. The knowledge base of potential barriers and facilitators to implementing IBI will be updated. A stepped cluster randomised controlled trial will be undertaken with five arms and three time phases to test the incremental effect of strategies. Phase A will aim at raising awareness, insight, and acceptance of performance of IBI in PHC. Phases B and C will aim at acceptance, change and maintenance of implementation with financial and organisational strategies used in a different order to test the impact of both separately and in sequence. Modelling studies will test the impact of different IBI approaches on changes in alcohol consumption and the resulting impacts on healthcare costs and health-related quality of life. ODHIN will build a clinical evidence-based database on effective and cost-effective IBI measures for use in PHC and will develop a tool to assess the extent of provision of clinical practice. A project website and a series of scientific publications, reports and fact sheets will widely disseminate the documented and evaluated conceptual models across diverse health care settings throughout Europe.

Keywords: primary health care,alcohol,implementation,cme,organizational,financial,rct,cost-effective