Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Dialogic Emergence of Authority: Ancestors’ Shrines as Healing Sites in Kazakhstan (DIALOGAUTHORKZSTAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research on language and power in Central Asia describes how oral expressive culture can allow alternate forms of political and ancestral authority to emerge in dialogue, and can challenge the totality of authoritarian rule in repressive states. This project in linguistic anthropology, based upon long-term ethnographic research in Central Asia, investigates the stories, prayers, and conversations of people seeking care for biological or spiritual illness. In a region ecologically devastated by natural resource extraction and the collapse of the socialist healthcare infrastructure, where many people are routinely sick and cannot find care, Kazakhstanis are turning increasingly toward differently ordered worlds, in which authority and care come from the ancestors, Allah, and the land itself. This research examines sacred sites pilgrimage, including shrine mausoleums as well as natural sites (water springs, hills), where visitors can hear the life/miracle stories of the ancestors and pray from the Koran with site caretakers and guides. In return, they receive the blessing of the ancestors (bata). These forms of dialogue among participants are integral to the efficacy of the sites. These practices are more broadly characteristic of an Inner Asian spiritual ecology; the performative space of these dialogues evinces a world-view and understanding of power radically alternative to the boundaries of the nation-state. This project contributes directly to linguistic understandings of voice, participation, and accountability in social interaction. The research is centered in a strong new ethnographic literature on Central Asia, and furthers understanding of postsocialisms and politics in the former Soviet Union, as well as the anthropology of the state. Given its focus on ecology and healing, the project also speaks to medical anthropology and cultural geography.

Keywords: soc linguistic anthropology,central/eurasia,dialogism,authority,sacred ecology,postsocialism,oral tradition,cultural geography,ethnography,medical anthropology/healing,participant frameworks
Detecting patchy reionization and the first galaxies using the 21 cm and Lyman alpha lines (21ALPHA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The phase transition from a neutral to ionized Universe during the time of the first galaxies lies at the frontier of astrophysics. Determining the topology of the ionized regions during this epoch of reionization will provide powerful constraints on the properties of the first galaxies that have yet to be seen directly. Two observational pathways to probing the properties of these ionized bubbles exist: low-frequency radio observations of the redshifted 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen and the observations of the clustering of Lyman alpha emitter galaxies. Observations in each of these areas are expected to expand greatly over the next five years. This work will seek to understand the topology of ionized bubbles during reionization and so identify the key signatures of the first galaxies and reionization in 21 cm tomography. We will also explore new ways of using clustering of Lyman alpha emitting galaxies to probe reionization via the non-Gaussianity of the clustering and the cross-correlation between LAE and continuum galaxies. By including details of the underlying physical processes and observational techniques we will develop optimal statistics that are robust and realistic. This theoretical work will support the efforts of the many European observational programs, such as LOFAR and VISTA, seeking to determine the nature of reionization and the first galaxies.

Keywords: p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology
Listening in noise with older native and non-native speakers: The time-line for segregating speech from noise, real-time lexical processing of spoken-words, and the identification of verbal emotions. (OLDER LISTNERS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

By 2025, a quarter of Europeans will be over 65 years old. In everyday life, older adults need to communicate efficiently, yet they often find it more difficult than younger adults to attend to target speech when other people are talking, specifically when operating in their second language. This could be the outcome of age-related cognitive and/or sensory changes. To address these issues, the current research proposal highlights three themes which contrast the performance of younger and older, native and non-native speakers, in two types of noise, speech-spectrum and a multi-talker babble: 1. The time-line needed to segregate target speech from noise. Listeners are asked to repeat spoken words presented in different delays between the onset of a spoken word and a noise masker. Four signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) are employed to determine the SNR for 50% thresholds in each delay. Functions relating thresholds to onset-delay describe the time-line for stream segregation. 2. Real-time lexical processing of spoken words using eye-tracking. Listeners follow spoken instructions referring to depicted objects, e.g., "Look at the candle". Eye movements capture listeners' ability to differentiate the target (candle) from a phonological (candy) or semantic alternative (lamp) as the word unfolds in time. 3. Identification of emotions in speech. Lexical sentences, associated with one of five emotions (anger, fear, sadness, happiness and neutral) are recorded spoken in these five distinct prosodies, creating all possible combinations of emotions across both dimensions. Listeners are asked to rate the degree to which each token expressed each emotion in the lexical content, prosody or both, revealing the interplay between the two dimensions, and the ability to selectively attend to one of them. Finally, each theme generates contrasting predictions for cognitive and sensory aging theories, and suggests possible strategies that can mitigate the outlined communication difficulties.

Keywords: s203 cognitive psychology,l404 ageing,l504 sensory systems,speech recognition,non-native speakers,babble,noise,eye-movements,stream segregation,emotion,prosody,lexical processing
Fly Algorithm in PET Reconstruction for Radiotherapy Treatment Planning (FLY4PET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project is focused on developing new software technologies for lung cancer treatment and it is based on accurate physical models implemented using high performance computing. Four research themes have been identified: i) improvement of our original reconstruction algorithm for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, ii) fast respiration simulation, iii) tumour segmentation and extraction, and iv) interactive multi-modal visualisation. The clinical outputs that are expected are as follows: i) improvement of quantitative results in PET, ii) assisted elaboration of treatment plans using both anatomical (CT) and “biological” (PET) information, iii) assisted therapeutic monitoring to assess the response of tumours to the treatment, and iv) improvement of the validation of treatment plans by radiation oncologists. This multi-disciplinary project -- at the interface between medical physics, computer science, and medicine -- will require for its success an alliance with external partners in computer science (INRIA Saclay, France; Lorraine University, France; and Ghent University Belgium), medicine (University of Paris 13 / Hôpital Avicenne, France; and Wales Research and Diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Centre (PETIC), United Kingdom), and medical physics (Léon Bérard cancer treatment and research center, Lyon, France; and Department of Radiation Oncology at University of California San Diego). The PI is a new lecturer who brings a broad experience of research in computer science and medical physics. If successful, it will be his first grant award and will enable him to establish a novel research area at Bangor University. It will result in a collaboration with international partners that will grow in future.

Keywords: p320 medical physics,g104 graphics and image processing,g110 scientific computing,l707 radiation therapy,g113 parallel and distributed computing,gpu programming,artificial evolution
Genome-Wide Search for Pleiotropic Genes Governing Vertebral Fractures (GWAS FOR FRACTURES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Vertebral fractures (VertFrx) are the most common osteoporotic fractures, with a prevalence of 30%-50% in people over age 50; these fractures are accompanied by severe consequences. Despite the enormous personal and public health impact of VertFrx, the underlying biologic mechanisms remain largely unknown. VertFrx are heritable, however, their genetics have not been systematically studied. We hypothesize that VertFrx, as well as their risk factors, - bone mineral density (BMD), bone geometry, and muscle mass, - are governed by shared genetic polymorphisms, which will be discovered by a multi-trait genome-wide association study (GWAS). During a 4-year period, we will explore the following Specific Aims: 1) to obtain data from five musculoskeletal phenotypes: (1) VertFrx; (2) vertebral volumetric BMD (vBMD); (3) vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA); (4) paraspinal muscle area; (5) paraspinal muscle attenuation (density) at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) using existing CT scans in adult men and women of European descent. 2) to identify genetic regions shared among VertFrx and vertebral vBMD, bone CSA, and paraspinal muscle area and density at the level of L3, by meta-analysis of GWAS results from several collaborating cohorts. 3) to replicate the association of potentially-pleiotropic polymorphisms identified in aim 2, using the the VertFrx phenotype in a large European consortium (GEFOS/GENOMOS). 4) to validate the expression of top novel genes in primary bone and muscle cells, and osteoblast-like, osteocyte-like, and myoblasts-like cell lines, and assess functional polymorphisms using several bone and muscle cell lines, and whole tissue samples. The outcome of this project will be a list of replicated pleiotropic polymorphisms with evidence of functional significance. An additional goal of this project is to help integrating an expert in the genetic epidemiology of aging-related diseases, as a faculty member in the newly-formed Faculty of Medicine.

Keywords: osteoporotic fractures,genomics,bone,muscle,pleiotropy
Theoretical and empirical examination of the effects of shareholder diversification and mode of incorporation on firms' strategies and outcomes (LYANDRES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2017-06-01
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this research we are interested in examining the effects of controlling shareholder diversification on firms’ operating strategies and outcomes. Our project involves the following logical building blocks: 1.Firms vary with respect to the degree of controlling shareholder diversification. 2.Firms’ controlling shareholder diversification feeds into their objective functions and in particular, their risk taking. 3.Operating strategies (such as investment/quantity/price decisions) as well as financial strategies (such as leverage and dividends) affect both the mean and variance of profits and depend on the degree of diversification of controlling shareholders. 4.Firms’ strategies affect optimal strategies of their product market rivals. Product market competition can amplify the effects of controlling shareholders (lack of) diversification on operating and financial strategies. We contribute to the examination of the relation between owner diversification and firms’ strategies and outcomes along the following empirical and theoretical dimensions. 1.We use the most comprehensive data set (Amadeus) on both firms’ strategies and outcomes and on the diversification of controlling owners. which allows examining continuous distributions of controlling shareholders’ degrees of diversification. 2.We provide a theoretical analysis demonstrating the effects of shareholder diversification and public/private status on equilibrium ROA, profitability, and investment. 3.We examine the effects of product market competition on the differences between ROA, profitability, and investment of public and private firms and, more generally, the effects of product market competition on the relation between controlling owners’ diversification on firms’ strategies and outcomes. 4.We examine the effects of volatility shocks on the relation between controlling shareholders’ diversification on one side and ROA, profitability, sales growth, and investment on the other side.

Keywords: owner diversification,public and private firms,financial strategies,?operating strategies,valuation,profitability,industry equilibrium,product market competition
Integrated analysis and visualization for advanced construction planning and controls (BUILD-CYCLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project offers a novel integrated 3D planning and control environment for construction projects. While recent Building Information Modeling (BIM) and construction automation techniques have potential to significantly improve construction management, the benefits are yet to be realized for construction planning and controls. This proposed project will describe an integrated 3D platform for analysis and visualization of construction process data and energy use. Building on the geometry-based process modeling and simulation approach (GPM), it will describe a group of methods to achieve automation for planning-control cycle for detailed construction operations through combination of optimization of construction crew behavior and automated data collection within an integrated system. Construction crew actions will be optimized using reinforcement learning techniques on the simulation model. Sensor data will be integrated in the same environment to perform data fusion and improve progress feedback. Through collaborations with experts at leading universities at USA and European Research Area, this project is expected to make a large impact on computational modeling of construction systems. Moreover, it will contribute to the European excellence for the goals of virtual factory and energy efficient building.

Keywords: construction planning and controls,g203 simulation engineering and modelling,g204 systems engineering - sensorics - actorics - automation,v101 environment and sustainability
Prenylated protein regulation in the Caenorhabditis elegans brain (PPRITCEB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Protein prenylation is essential for the viability of all eukaryotic cells. Prenylated proteins regulate fundamental processes such as cell growth, differentiation and movement. Therefore, it is not surprising that prenylated proteins play a critical role in the pathophysiology of human diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Indeed, mutations in the farnesylated oncogene Ras are found in 10-15% of all human tumors. Recent studies demonstrated that PDE6D acts as a soluble chaperon of Ras, thus it might regulate its oncogenic activity. In addition, PDE6D is important for the efficient transport of the rhodopsin kinase GRK1 and the alpha and beta subunits of PDE6 from the ER to the outer segments of cones and rods cells. Thus may play a critical role in normal vision physiology. PDE6D is conserved and has homologs across the animal kingdom. In the C. elegans worm, RNAi experiments against the PDE6D homolog pdl-1 failed to produce any abnormalities in the nematode physiology or behavior. However, we isolated a pdl-1 suppressor mutant that inhibits the fast recovery of worms after hypoxic stress. We demonstrated that pdl-1 regulate the correct localization of the O2 sensor gcy-35. Thus, pdl-1 is essential for normal O2 responses in the C. elegans worm. Based on those finding my research proposal aims to: 1) Understand how pdl-1 is transported inside cells and elucidate novel regulators of its activity. 2) Identify new PDL-1 substrates, and explore their function in the C. elegans brain. Hence, my research proposal aim is to understand protein prenylation regulation at all levels; from the molecular signaling network to the physiology and behavior of the whole animal. For this aim, we use behavioral paradigms together with state of the art microscopy, biochemistry and computational methods. We hope that our studies will strengthen the prenylated protein field in Europe and assist in development of better therapies for cancer, and atherosclerosis diseases.

Keywords: l502 molecular and cellular neuroscience,l108 biochemistry of signal transduction,l206 molecular genetics - reverse genetics and rnai,l302 cell biology and molecular transport mechanisms
Ambiguity in Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning (AMBIGUITY IN FLVL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-12-07
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the pattern of interactions between the languages of multilingual speakers, and the mechanisms supporting efficient learning of a foreign-language are imperative in today's global society. For one, the majority of individuals in the world use more than one language in their daily lives. Second, many individuals are required to learn a foreign-language as adults, to be able to acquire higher education, to advance in the work place, and the like. Developing efficient instruction methods is thus an essential endeavour. The proposed work will address both of these issues, focusing on learning and representation of words. The mapping between lexical-form and word meaning(s) is often ambiguous both within a language and across languages. Such indirect mappings pose particular difficulty for vocabulary learning, because learners need to achieve stable links between the to-be-learned lexical form and an unequivocal specification of its meaning. The proposed project focuses on this challenge, and examines it's consequences for first-language representation. The first objective is therefore to explore the consequences of foreign-language vocabulary learning on meaning representation of first-language words. Such backward influences are theoretically important because they speak to the dynamic and interconnected nature of the bilingual lexicon. The second objective is to improve foreign-language vocabulary learning by (1) identifying ambiguity types that create challenges for learning, and (2) test different instruction methods tailored at alleviating the difficulty associated with these ambiguity types. The third objective is to examine how learner's characteristics interact with this particular complexity. We focus on (1) individual differences in working memory span and the ability to ignore irrelevant information and on (2) language experience, comparing how monolingual and multilingual speakers deal with ambiguity in learning.

Keywords: s203 neuropsychology and cognitive psychology,s207 acquisition and knowledge of language,s208 use of language