Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
High resolution models for flow and pollutant dispersion in urban areas (HRMODURB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-19
End date: 2010-05-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178307.05
EU funding (EUR): 178307.05
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Much of the global population currently live and work in urban areas, and this urbanisation is expected to increase. This trend has recently inspired many urban-centered studies. Many are of a fluid mechanical nature, either in isolation or in combination with other disciplines such as chemistry, epidemiology, and pedestrian and vehicular mobility. The proposed project is aimed at studying urban atmospheric flow and pollutant dispersion at the neighbourhood scale. Current state-of-the-art dispersion models have been developed for coarser scales and lower resolutions, and they are not capable of correctly reproducing the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution within the urban environments where most people live (see e.g. urban street canyons). The neighbourhood scale allows for both a detailed reproduction of the phenomenon and the development of parameterised operational models. The proposed methodology involves the use of wind tunnel experiments as well as numerical simulations (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD) in order to enhance understanding of the dispersion phenomena at this particular scale. Advanced wind tunnel techniques include Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA), Hot Wire Anemometry (HWA), tracer concentration (and fluctuation) measurements and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). One of the expected outcomes of this project will be the improvement of current parameterisations of turbulent flow and dispersion mechanisms at the neighbourhood scale aimed at developing new operational models and/or improving the existing ones. This will be of interest for air quality management and forecasting as well as for managing responses to hazardous releases in urban areas.

Keywords: technological sciences,computational physics,environmental fluid dynamics,atmospheric processes,air pollution,urban environment
Studying Plant Cell Secretion and Membrane Trafficking (CELLSEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-03
End date: 2010-11-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151737.4
EU funding (EUR): 151737.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Highly polarized cells (pollen tubes, root hairs) are an ideal system to investigate signal transduction mechanisms in plant cells. Technical advances in genetics, molecular and cell biology made them excellent models for studying signal perception and transduction in effecting morphogenetic changes. This proposal aims to evaluate how signaling pathways previously identified modulate membrane trafficking and microfilament architecture connecting structure and function. The grant focuses on the role of SAC and syntaxin proteins in polar growing cells. Mutation of SAC1, an Arabidopsis SAC Domain Phosphoinositide Phosphatase, causes alterations in cell morphogenesis and actin organization. We have selected SAC genes highly expressed in tip-growing cells to determine how mutations in these genes affect growth and morphogenesis. We will test SAC dependency over phosphoinositide levels and how this affects the actin cytoskeleton (imaged with GFP-fusion proteins). Using imaging and molecular methods we will test SAC localization and interaction with lipid kinases and syntaxins. Should it prove positive, we will characterize it genetically, biochemically and cellularly. With these experiments we will evaluate if such signaling pathways operate independently or in cascade mode. Previous experiments have also shown that Rab GTPases are key regulators of membrane trafficking and the actin cytoskeleton, namely through modulation of lipid kinase and syntaxin activity. This has only been done independently in distinct cell models and we will test if these small GTPases are a central link of these signaling pathways.

Keywords: pollen tubes,signal transduction,syntaxin proteins,sac genes,rab gtpases
Towards a European model of biomedical law? (EUROBIOLAW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2010-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223439.26
EU funding (EUR): 223439.26
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The EUROBIOLAW hypothesizes that the ill-known but developing body of EC law in the field of biomedical issues is of crucial importance, because it involves crucial legal and theoretical stakes that are worth studying. First, it serves as an emblem for the ongoing tension within the field of biomedical law in general between the “fundamental rights” approach and a wider approach that notably takes into account the ever-increasing economic and financial dimension of biotechnologies. In this respect, it seems both very interesting to study the way they are regulated at the level of the EU, for this tension between rights and regulation is constitutive to that specific legal order –with a primarily economic identity, from which an unquestionable interest in fundamental rights has grown out. Secondly, the fact that biomedical issues do not correspond to any straightforward competence within the EU and that additionally, they have strong axiological dimensions that would a priori plea for their being regulated at the national level, make it particularly interesting to observe a body of EC law emerging on those matters. Therefore, EC biomedical law is a good observation point for understanding EC law elaboration processes in general, and the specific challenges it faces in such new domains: tension between the goal of harmonization and the respect for national diversity, tension between fundamental rights and economic freedoms... Concretely, the EUROBIOLAW project aims at providing with a genealogical approach of this emerging body of EC law, by not only taking a census of legal norms in the field, but also identifying the actors of their elaboration process as well as their argumentative lines. The goal is thus to enrich the sole knowledge of the existing body of EC law related to biomedical issues by the cognizance of its genealogy, both socio-institutional (who intervened in its elaboration) and argumentative (on what rhetorical grounds).

Keywords: social sciences,juridical sciences
Magnetic Resonance Guidance of Catheter Based Ablation for Cardiac Arrhythmia (MRI + ABLATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2010-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149996.91
EU funding (EUR): 149996.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most important arrhythmia in contemporary cardiology, and despite much progress, remain therapeutic challenges. Invasive electrical studies of the heart are often used in the diagnosis and therapy of arrhythmia. Many forms of arrhythmia can be cured by selective destruction of critical electrical pathways with catheter ablation. A major limitation in studying arrhythmia, however, is the inability to visualize soft tissues, and ablated areas of myocardium during catheter ablation procedures. After performing extensive preliminary work on MRI guided electrophysiology in animal models, the aim of this study is to examine the safety and feasibility of real-time MRI guidance for clinical electrophysiology studies and cardiac ablation procedures using custom made catheters, radiofrequency filters, and a shielded signal acquisition system. The objective is to test the hypothesis that MRI guidance will improve the safety and efficacy of clinical ablation procedures. Specific Aim 1) To study the determinants of successful ablation in patients undergoing standard fluoroscopy guided ablations. Patients with AF will undergo electrophysiology study and ablation using standard fluoroscopy guidance. Completeness of ablation lines will be assessed by MRI, and correlated with acute and chronic recurrence of AF. The effect of ablation lesions on atrial re-modeling will be assessed at 6 months. This aim will provide insight into determinants of success and complications post ablation. Specific Aim 2) To study real-time MRI guidance of electrophysiologic studies and catheter ablation in patients with AF. This portion of the study will be conducted in participants with symptomatic AF. The primary endpoint will be lack of AF documented by Holter monitoring 6 months post ablation. The secondary endpoints will be comparison of inducible arrhythmia at the end of the procedure, procedure time, and complications in each study arm.

Keywords: health sciences,electrophysiology,ablation arrhythmias,atrial fibrilltion,mri
Actin-membrane interaction in biomimetic and living cellular systems studied with a novel, high precision optical method. (BIOMIMETIC-CORTEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171033.9
EU funding (EUR): 171033.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The lethal potential of cancer is due to abnormal cell division and aggressive metastatic activity that turn resting cancer cells into motile structures which spread through an organism, resulting in numerous and often uncontrollably growing subpopulations. It is well known that both cell motility and cell division depend crucially on cell mechanics, namely on actin cortex. The actin cortex consists of a dense biopolymer network, steadily contracted by myosin motors. A key to understanding the abnormal motility and proliferation of cancer cells is the investigation and quantification of the physical properties of the actin cortex. Of special interest is the activity of the acto-myosin network and its interaction with the plasma membrane. This actin-membrane interplay is a major contributor to many physical properties of the whole cell. We propose a systematic study of acto-myosin membrane interactions using biomimetic and living cells in combination with a novel optical method that allows simultaneous manipulation and detection of the cell edge with high spatial and temporal resolution. Our main objectives are: a) to quantify the physics of the actin cortex in biomimetic cells; b) to understand the nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of active acto-myosin networks; c) to study of actin-membrane interactions in the cell cortex and the lamellipodium of living cells. The applicant and the host institute provide complementary skills for this project. The applicant has expertise in advanced optical detection methods, cell motility and stochastic processes, and the host institute will provide the biomimetic actin cortex system, expertise on biomimetics, active systems and biology and the interdisciplinary working environment, including biologists and biochemists, necessary for this project. In this respect both the applicant and the host institution will benefit from the fellowship.

Keywords: biophysics,soft matter and polymer physics,cell biology,biomechanics,applied optics,microscopy,statistical physics
Theory and astrophysical applications of neutrino flavor evolution (NEUTRINO EVOLUTION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-08-01
End date: 2011-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151096.91
EU funding (EUR): 151096.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Neutrino flavor oscillations in the astrophysical and cosmological context often require to go beyond the usual amplitude-level treatment that is typical for laboratory applications. Instead, a Boltzmann kinetic equation in terms of matrices of densities in flavor space is required that captures in a consistent way both the effect of oscillations, the refractive effect of a background medium, and collisions. We propose to study Boltzmann kinetic equations for neutrino oscillations in various astrophysical and cosmological settings where a background medium or neutrinos themselves play a major role. We propose to develop this formalism further to allow for numerical solutions in terms of a Monte Carlo event-generator treatment that will be applied to neutrinos produced by dark matter annihilation in the Sun or Earth and to neutrinos emitted from the collapsed core of a supernova where both collisions and collective neutrino-neutrino refractive effects are important. In addition, it is proposed to study the Boltzmann kinetic equation that governs flavor effects in leptogenesis.

Keywords: neutrinos,quantum field theory,statistical physics,cosmology,astrophysics
Light lithophile elements as tracers for crust-mantle recycling: the behaviour of lithium and boron during subduction of basaltic crust (LI-B CYCLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-02-28
End date: 2011-02-27
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178307.05
EU funding (EUR): 178307.05
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Subduction of oceanic lithosphere back into the Earth's interior is a major geological process and causes heterogeneities in the Earth's mantle. Once incorporated in the convecting mantle, the recycled crustal material can be re-melted in source regions of intra-plate magmas, which thus plays an important role in the long-time mass flux through different parts of our planet. In order to track recycled components in intra-plate magmas and to constrain their exact nature, the light lithophile elements Li and B have become one of the most promising set of tracers. Li-B signatures in volcanic rocks, however, can only be fully understood when their behaviour is known throughout all stages of the recycling process. The aim of this proposed project is to investigate experimentally the Li-B evolution in eclogite, representing the residual of mafic (basaltic) oceanic crust. We plan to conduct Piston Cylinder experiments at conditions relevant to subduction zones and to sources of intra-plate melts, simulating dry and dehydration melting of eclogite. The experimental run products will be analysed for Li-B concentrations and Li-B isotopes using different analytical approaches including high-resolution in-situ analysis (SIMS) of minerals. The results (mineral-melt element partitioning and Li- and B-isotope fractionation) will then be compared to the light element signatures of natural eclogite xenoliths. The outcome will be a better understanding of the origin of eclogite in the mantle and its relation to recycled crust, and put further constraints on the origin of intra-plate magmas. The proposed fellow will gain hands-on expertise in state-of-the art experimental and analytical techniques and the project will strengthen relationships between the host institution in the UK and institutions in Germany and Switzerland (an Associated State).

Keywords: earth science,geochemistry,experimental petrology,subduction zones,trace elements
European Research NEtwork on Sustainable Tourism (ERNEST)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: General Activities
Destination: ERANET
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: ERNEST (ERA-NET)
Countries involved: France,Greece,Spain,France,Italy,United Kingdom,Spain,Romania,Spain,Hungary,United Kingdom,Denmark,Slovakia
Call:  (FP7-ERANET-2007-RTD, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2106965.96
EU funding (EUR): 1911677.46
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

The ERNEST “European Research Network on Sustainable Tourism” project will address the issue of sustainable development in tourism through coordination and collaboration among regional research programmes. ERNEST will be a horizontal ERA NET action, not directly linked to one specific cooperation theme but with much European added value. The overall objective is to develop and strengthen a framework for coordinating regional research programmes on sustainable tourism. Within this platform regions will share and build on research work already underway at regional level, making it more productive and efficient through exchange and planning and implementation of joint activities. The specific objectives are as follows: • identify and exchange information and knowledge on research programmes that regions wish to coordinate; • identify within the research programmes elements related to social dialogue (participative processes for programming including all relevant stakeholders) and measurement of tourism impact; • define and prepare joint research activities on tourism research; • implement joint activities in these fields according to common needs, particularly concentrating on training, exchange and evaluation at an interregional level; • fund joint interregional research on sustainable tourism through joint calls; • promote productive cooperation and collaboration in research both in terms of interregional cooperation and cooperation at regional level, including public private partnerships; • allow partners to define together long-term and ambitious strategies in line with the European Union policy of sustainable development that each region could not easily reach on its own.

Keywords: tourism,sustainability,research,social dialogue,measurement,cooperation,collaboration,joint activities
Secondary movements of Somalis within Europe (SECONDARY MOVEMENTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-15
End date: 2010-02-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160091.96
EU funding (EUR): 160091.96
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research project will examine the recent phenomenon of secondary movements from the Netherlands to the United Kingdom among a differentiated group of Somali refugees and (rejected) asylum seekers. Researching the various reasons legal as well as illegal Somalis may have for this specific secondary movement will tell us something about contemporary asylum migration in Europe. The different migration systems in the UK and the Netherlands will also be analysed. The project will shed light on how people who have moved within Europe relate back to their first country of arrival. The fact that Somalis have moved onwards in such high numbers makes it an interesting case to study. Sussex University will be an excellent environment to conduct this research, because they have long research experience on asylum, they host researchers who work specifically on Somalis and a pilot research on secondary movements of Danish Somalis to the UK has been conducted there. The research method of "life stories" will be applied in order to be able to research the decision making process of secondary movements in depth. The ones who have made an illegal secondary movement might be reluctant to talk about this secondary movement. But, as the Fellow will hark back to some of the Somali immigrants she has interviewed for her PhD research who were smuggled into the Netherlands but have left for Britain access will be relatively easy. The Fellow has built up some experience in conducting research in difficult settings and with vulnerable people, but this project will allow her to further develop these methodological skills.

Keywords: irregular migration,asylum,secondary migration,human smuggling,somalis
Supramolecular Modular Approaches to Asymmetric Catalysis: Synthesis of Ligands by a Metal-Ligand Mediated Assembly Process (SUPRASYMCAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-06-09
End date: 2011-06-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151936.08
EU funding (EUR): 151936.08
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Catalysis has been one of the longstanding proposed applications of supramolecular chemistry, which has reached a level of development that allows the practitioner to achieve the design and construction of complex multicomponent assemblies with exquisite detail. Efficient supramolecular systems capable of recognition and catalysis have emerged in recent years, however, the application of supramolecular interactions to generate chiral catalysts is still in its infancy, and reports in the literature are scarce. Our approach focuses on the generation of chiral ligands capable of exploiting supramolecular interactions, and is based on a self-assembly process between the chiral and catalytic components. During the self-assembly process, the chiral information will be transferred from the chiral unit to the catalytic unit and a new supramolecular entity will be formed which will assume the role of the ligand in the asymmetric transformation. The main advantage of this approach rests on the ability to modify the geometry of the catalytic site through non-covalent interactions (hydrogen- and metal-ligand bonding): this geometry will be influenced by the three-dimensional structure of the chiral fragment which is used. Due to the great diversity of possible chiral units, the reactive centre will be able to adopt a range of geometries created by systematic modification of this unit. Our strategy can be easily parallelised to rapidly generate ligand libraries, in which the ligands will preserve most the structural generalities of their predecessors, but it will incorporate “subtle” changes in their three-dimensional structure that will improve the catalytic properties of the assemblies.

Keywords: natural sciences,chemistry,organic chemistry,catalysis,supramolecular catalysis,asymmetric catalysys