Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Supermassive black holes under the microscope: Revealing the dusty environment of AGN on parsec scales with IR and sub-mm interferometry (PARSECDUST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230809.8
EU funding (EUR): 230809.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The evolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes are intimately related. As such, it is of great interest to understand the active growth phase of these black holes and their influence on the surrounding host galaxies. I propose a project to study the outer, dusty region of mass accretion onto supermassive black holes with the objective to address the following open questions: * How is the accreting mass distributed? Do we see any dependence on the accretion state of the supermassive black holes? * Do we see a dusty wind that regulates or limits accretion on parsec scales? How does it work? Does this wind cause feedback reactions on the surrounding galaxy? * Why do dust emission features around supermassive black holes appear different than in the interstellar medium? Does the hard radiation from the black-hole environment change the dust composition? Each of these three topical units will be investigated in separate sub-projects that combine aspects of theory, modeling, and observations. More specifically I combine the latest high-angular resolution IR and sub-mm data from the frontline facilities VLTI and ALMA with models of the dust emission and of dynamical processes. As a main goal of this application I want to transfer my expertise in interferometry to Denmark to stimulate the use of ALMA and VLTI. These observatories are of prime interest to the European astronomical community as outlined in the ASTRONET framework and infrastructure documents. Via student training, teaching, and talks, I want to increase the appeal of this technique and its usage in Denmark, with new instruments about to be commissioned.

Keywords: supermassive black holes,galaxy evolution,dust,radiative transfer,interferometry,infrared,sub-mm
LANGUAGE AND JOINT ACTION (LAJA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261384.6
EU funding (EUR): 261384.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A conversation is a clear example of joint activity. However, little is known how the more basic sensori-motor processes underlying joint action apply to the complex interwoven between language production and comprehension during communication. The present project aims to contribute to our understanding of language as a joint action by exploring how the two fundamental processes that contribute to the success of any joint action, namely prediction and monitoring, are engaged during verbal communication. To do so, the temporal dynamics of the different levels of representation underlying speech production (conceptual, lexical and phonological), will be tested in the listener during prediction and monitoring of other’s speech. By means of five experiments, we aim at providing response to three specific research questions regarding prediction and monitoring of other’s generated speech. Firstly, we will explore how the language production, as a form of action, is involved in predicting other’s to be generated words. Second, we will explore the nature of those predicted representations. And finally, we will focus on exploring the monitoring processes engaged in detecting errors in other’s word production. Behavioral and EEG/ERP measures will help us to answer these questions. Considering the relation between language and action, the present work will help to determine how the basic sensory-motor skills apply to the complexities of language. Finally, answering these questions will contribute to enlarge our understanding of how language works during verbal communication.

Keywords: language communication,speech production,speech comprehension,joint action,language as a form of joint action,prediction and monitoring processes,forward modeling in action.
Assembly and coordination of peptidoglycan synthesis complexes during bacterial growth and cell division (PGRECONST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, I will investigate the proteins involved, and their interactions, in the formation of both peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis core complexes (elongasome and septosome) in the model bacterium Escherichia coli to gain new molecular insights into how the cell grows its cell wall during the cell cycle. This will be achieved by: (i) in vivo characterization of new or already known important interactions within or between the PG synthesis machineries. This part of the project will provide relevant information about the hierarchy or requirement between the proteins involved in the process, which is essential information for the following more detailed mechanistic studies; (ii) studying the PG protein interactions and enzymatic activities during the intermediate step between the elongation and the cell division processes, which will provide new insight in how elongasome and septosome complexes are connected and regulated during the cell cycle, one of the most important unknown processes in the research area; and (iii) reconstructing the elongasome and septosome activities in a more natural environment to quantify the activities and study the properties of each protein involved. During the proposed project, I will obtain knowledge and skills in purification and handling of membrane proteins, in vitro reconstitution approaches and cutting-edge techniques available in the host lab and institute. The top-ranked host lab and collaborators will provide me the best environment for my scientific development, enhancing my competences in the field.

Keywords: escherichia coli,cell wall growth,peptidoglycan synthesis,elongasome,septosome,pbp3-independent peptydoglycan synthesis,protein interactions
Geomicrobiology of Parys mine, Wales: Influence of mineralogy on the development, composition and functioning of microbial communities (PARMIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The presence and activities of microbes on and within minerals have profound worldwide environmental and economical consequences; from the consumption of atmospheric carbon dioxide during biotically-enhanced weathering of basalt, to the degradation of manmade structures and microbial mineral formation. In metal mineral mines, microbial activities have both positive and negative consequences. Microorganisms reside on minerals, including sulfide ores such as pyrite and chalcopyrite, abundant mine ores in the UK and worldwide. Through microbial metabolism of the iron contained within these ores, sulphuric acid is produced, resulting in an acidic mine environment. Drainage from such mines enter watercourses and wetlands, producing acid mine drainage (AMD). In addition, toxic heavy metals such as lead, are more soluble at a lower pH and are thus usually present in AMD, adding to the environmental concern. While some of the common microbial species found in such mines have been well characterised, there remains significant questions regarding microbial communities as a unit, and their functioning, such as: i) are communities established quickly and do the species within those communities change over time, ii) which species are active and what are they doing, and iii) what effect does mineral chemistry (mineralogy), have on the structure and functioning of the communities. In answering these questions we take a step closer to reducing environmental impacts, through increased awareness of how human activities impact on the microbial activities and the resulting AMD produced. This research will answer the questions outlined above, using Parys mine in Wales, as the study site; a prime example of abandoned metal mines and once the world’s largest producer of copper. Two of the most abundant primary ores in the mine, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite will be the minerals of focus, with additional analyses of pyrite and galena, and the secondary minerals jarosite and pisanite.

Keywords: geomicrobiology,acid mine,mineralogy,metatranscriptomics,terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (trflp),archaea,bacteria,succession,fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (fish)
Silicon Integrated Digital RF Transmitters for Massively Deployed Systems (SIDMAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 248379.6
EU funding (EUR): 248379.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Modern societies are more and more depending on the availability of mobile networks with upcoming standards addressing the need of user rates up to Gbit/s. SIDMAS will substantially contribute to the novel development of practical future cellular transceivers and help to secure a leading position for European industry in its exploitation. Since the transmitter/PA combination is the most critical part, the main research objective of the project is the development of integrated circuits employing new digital implementation techniques allowing continuous-time digital signal processing. The project aims at bridging the gap between the state-of-the-art in digital transmitter implementations and the increasing performance demands for the implementation of the future high-speed networks: new and better services bringing great value for Europe’s society will be offered.Prof. Papananos expertise in RFIC design as well as in active and passive RF device modeling will complement the skills of Infineon’s R&D team towards the quest for a beyond state-of-the-art digital transmitter design. This cooperation will provide to the researcher an invaluable exposure to a leading industrial IC design environment leveraging his professional maturity and, therefore, broadening his horizons for a future career in the semiconductor industry. His willingness to step out of a quite settled environment being mobile within Europe to get an industrial background will serve as a role model for other researchers.Infineon Technologies Austria AG as the host has a long track record and broad knowledge on analog/mixed-signal, RF/microwave, power-electronics and embedded control chip design in CMOS, SiGe-BiCMOS and RF-power technologies. The experts dedicated to SIDMAS have an international reputation and together with Prof. Papananos will work on solutions that are providing answers to the mentioned challenges additionally paving the way for free circulation of researchers and know-how within the ERA.

Keywords: infrastructure for future mobile networks,massive mimo,continuous-time digital signal processing,energy efficiency,digital transmitters,rf ic design,microwave passive components,power amplifier
Towards Femtosecond Electron Diffraction of Proteins (PROTEINFED)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 242049.6
EU funding (EUR): 242049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Proteins are highly dynamic machines, perfectly engineered by nature to fulfil their dedicated function like e.g. catalysis of chemical reactions or signalling processes. Crystallography and ultrafast spectroscopy techniques gave fundamental insights to develop a time-resolved picture of biological function. However experimental tools to study ultrafast protein dynamics with atomic and ultrafast time resolution in the same experiment to fully access and describe the structure-function correlation of biochemical processes have been lacking so far. The ambitious goal of the proposed project is to explore sample preparation strategies for the test systems Bacteriorhodopsin and Myoglobin/Hemoglobin to extend the new technology "Femtosecond electron diffraction" (FED) to studies of proteins. FED is a method complementary to ultrafast studies using new X-ray free electron laser sources. The main challenge for this study is sufficient sample preparation and development. For this the group of Oliver P. Ernst at University of Toronto, a world-known structural biologist specialized in rhodopsin research, acts as outgoing host. In the group of R. J. Dwayne Miller, acting as host, at Max-Planck-Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, the femtosecond electron diffraction experiments will be carried out, grounded on their expertise as the world-leading group in developing ultrabright electron sources on par with the European XFEL and inventors of the FED technology. The researcher Henrike M. Müller-Werkmeister is the perfect candidate for this extremely interdisciplinary project, as biochemist by training and experienced in measurements of ultrafast biomolecular dynamics using multidimensional laser spectroscopy.

Keywords: femtosecond electron diffraction,ultrafast structural dynamics,transition state,2d + 3d crystallography,ultramicrotome,lipid cubic phase,bacteriorhodopsin,myoglobin,photochemistry
Ultrahigh resolution femtosecond laser lithography for applications in life sciences and display technologies (FEMTOLITHO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-12
End date: 2017-10-03
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 216952.8
EU funding (EUR): 216952.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Femtosecond laser fabrication by nonlinear laser lithography is a powerful method for the fabrication of high resolution, 3D structures. This laser fabrication method allows the creation of 3D structures with sub-diffraction limit resolution, an impossible task for traditional lithographic techniques. In femtosecond laser lithography, starting liquid photoresists are converted into solid phase upon exposure to femtosecond laser light. Standard femtosecond laser lithography enables submicrometer resolution but in many applications it is desirable to achieve even finer resolutions. Applications such as photonic crystals for visible wavelength biosensors, optical-wavelength metamaterials showing negative refraction both require sub 100-nm resolution. Such resolution requirements are not achievable with traditional femtosecond laser fabrication techniques. As the main objective, we will study two different strategies to deplete two photon absorption in the outer region of the laser-material interaction volume to greatly improve the resolution of femtosecond laser lithography. First, we will adapt a method based on stimulated emission depletion, which has shown resolutions of less than 10 nm in microscopy. Secondly, we will seek to optimize quencher diffusion to enhance the resolution possible by femtosecond laser lithography. We will apply these carefully tuned laser-material interactions to form ultrahigh resolution 3D microstructures to study their influence on two elements of crucial importance in life and in science and technology: stem cells and liquid crystal molecules.

Keywords: femtosecond laser,tissue engineering,bistable display,nematic liquid crystal,stem cell,nanofabrication
Topological Phases of ultracold atoms in 2d Optical Lattices: a Density Matrix Renormalization Group study (TOPOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The study of topological phases, which appear in the presence of a strong magnetic field or strong spin-orbit coupling, is a rapidly growing field which involves several fundamental questions and potential applications. As a complement to traditional condensed matter materials, ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide a great tool to explore this physics. They also have some features which require specific theoretical treatment. Various theoretical studies of those systems have been carried out, however, no direct numerical simulations has been undertaken yet. Here we propose to implement a Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) approach to study topological phases of ultracold atoms in two dimensions. Such direct numerical simulations will permit to give an accurate quantitative description of those systems, that will improve our theoretical understanding and help the analysis of the experiments. We also propose a collaboration with an experimental group. This project is relevant to current research efforts, ambitious, timely and in relation with the state-of-the-art for what concerns the system under study, the numerical technique that will be used and the experiments that are concerned. It will create a unique synergy at the European level between the French research community of ultracold atoms (where the fellow comes from) and the Munich area which is at the forefront for both DMRG methods (in the host group) and experimental techniques (in the collaborating group). Eventually, through this project, the fellow will greatly broaden her skills, progressively become independent and acquire an original research profile, thus contributing to her career development.

Keywords: ultracold fermionic gases,optical lattice,non-abelian gauge fields,spin-orbit coupling,topological insulator,quantum spin hall effect,edge states
Investigations into Martian Volatiles (MARSVOLATILES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-03
End date: 2016-04-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this research is to determine how the volatile element content of the martian interior, surface and atmosphere changed over geological time. This aim will be achieved via cutting-edge sub-microscopic mineralogical analyses (via transmission electron microscopy (TEM)), as well as ambitious measurements of the hydrogen isotope content and abundance of water, chlorine and fluorine in hydrous phases within martian meteorites of differing ages (via secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)). The results of this research will allow us to address important unanswered questions about the formation and evolution of Mars, such as: • How wet is Mars’ interior compared to the Earths, and how has this changed over time? • Is the martian mantle well mixed like Earths, or heterogeneous like that of the Earth’s moon? • Was there ever significant volatile cycling at the martian surface? Answering these questions will help determine how similar the Earth and Mars really are, hence this research has strong astrobiological implications. Through collaborations with researchers at the University of Hawaii and the Carnegie Institute (Washington D.C.) we will have access to a large suite of different martian meteorites, hence we will be able to produce an unprecedented amount of systematic data. The proposed mineralogical and chemical data will be cutting edge, as only a few laboratories worldwide have the instrumentation and expertise to perform these measurements. Dr. Hallis’ intimate knowledge of martian meteorite mineralogy and chemistry, extensive experience with SIMS hydrogen isotope measurement protocol and sample preparation, and advantageous collaborations make her uniquely positioned to carry out this research. Outstanding TEM capabilities, as well as the presence of a supportive and expanding planetary science group in the Earth and Planetary Sciences department (of which Prof. Lee is the Chair), makes Glasgow University the ideal place to base this fellowship.

Keywords: mars,hydrogen isotopes,volatile abundance,alteration