Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Photon High Way - Integrated single-photon sources: crossing the chasm (PhoW)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC-Proof of Concept (ERC-2017-PoC, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 147463.0
EU funding (EUR): 147463.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Optical quantum technologies—the use of the quantum properties of light to benefit from quantum-enhanced performances in communications, computation, simulation and sensing—require highly efficient single photon sources. Such devices are difficult to fabricate and today’s sources present an efficiency intrinsically limited to few percents. Within the framework of the ERC StG QD-CQED, the PI team developed a new generation of single photon sources based on semiconductor quantum dots in cavities that are more than an order of magnitude more efficient. However, the technology is currently only accessible to quantum optics highly-trained specialists and big research facilities with enough resources to acquire the expensive optical collection setup as well as the highly stabilized cryostats required to benefit from the source performances. The objective of this project is to develop an affordable prototype of a cryo-cooled plug-and-play single photon source. Such prototype is a critical step to allow crossing the chasm toward the single-photon source industrialization. To do so, we will integrate the photon source devices in a robust architecture, providing self-optical alignment through direct and monolithic fibre coupling. We will develop a customized cryo-cooler with the necessary packaging for the source integration. We will conduct detailed testing of the full prototype's robustness and stability to multiple cooling cycles. We will finally develop operation procedures and electrical feedback controls to allow for plug-and-play operation by non-specialists. The project also deals with all IPR measures and includes discussions with industrial partners for short-term commercialization.

Keywords: fiber coupling and cryogenic packaging for industrialization of quantum light sources,plug and play operation procedures for non specialist,reliability and robustness benchmarking
Microbiota-host interactions for integrative metabolic health reprogramming (Healthybiota)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999999.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999999.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Obesity is a metabolic disorder leading to various health risks and reduced life expectancy. Insulin resistance is a major obesity related disorder, and a main cause for the onset of type 2 diabetes. During cold exposure or caloric restriction (CR), brown adipocytes emerge within the white fat (known as “beige” cells). This process, referred to as fat browning, increases the metabolic capacity of the adipose tissues to combust energy and is seen as promising anti-obesity and anti-diabetic strategy. The intestinal microbiota co-develops with the host; microbiota depletion, or cold-induced shift of its composition are sufficient to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, in part mediated by the innate immune system-mediated fat browning. The microbial signals and composition, critical for our understanding of the microbiota-host mutualism and metabolic improvements during cold and CR, remain unclear. By integrating expertise from several areas including physiology, bioinformatics, immunology, microbiology and developmental biology; and by developing computational approaches for comparing the metagenomics, metabolomics and transcriptomics data from the CR- and the cold-exposed mice with cohorts of human subjects, we will establish the microbiota role in orchestrating the CR-induced metabolic improvements and innate immune response, and provide mechanistic explanations on the microbiota-host mutualism during CR and cold. Finally, by using lineage-tracing studies and developing transgenic mouse models, we will determine the importance of the beige fat in the CR-induced beneficial effects on the host, and the importance of the microbiota in mediating this process. Manipulating the gut microbiota and exploiting the mechanistic links revealed by this study would be of conceptual importance for our understanding of microbiota-host mutualism in the metabolic homeostasis, and could lead to development of novel therapeutics for improving metabolic health.

Keywords: innate immunity
Physics Beyond the Standard Proton (PBSP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2025-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1473463.0
EU funding (EUR): 1473463.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is leading the exploration of the high-energy frontier. Its high-luminosity phase is just around the corner and the validity of our current theory of elementary particles, the Standard Model (SM), will be probed to an unprecedented level. The hunt for physics beyond the SM will be pursued via direct searches of new particles that are light enough to be produced at the LHC. At the same time new physics could manifest itself indirectly through deviations from SM theoretical predictions, induced by new particles whose masses are well above the scale probed by the LHC. The success of indirect searches requires the highest possible level of precision in three complementary components: experimental data, theoretical predictions and - crucially - a robust framework to globally interpret all subtle deviations from the SM predictions that might arise. PBSP will provide such a framework by: 1. quantitatively establishing whether high-scale new physics effects can be mimicked by low-scale non-perturbative physics, and therefore inadvertently absorbed into the parametrisation of the proton structure 2. devising a new framework to deliver a global fit of a model-independent parametrisation of high-scale new physics, including several datasets that provide complementary experimental information 3. expanding such a framework to exploit the precise LHC measurements to constrain simultaneously the structure of the proton and new physics degrees of freedom PBSP involves several areas of particle physics, ranging from fits to the proton’s structure to effective quantum field theories and a comprehensive study of beyond the SM phenomenology. My ERC-funded project will demonstrate that the interplay between indirect new physics searches and the knowledge of the non-perturbative structure of colliding protons is essential to fully exploit the LHC physics potential.

Keywords: quantum chromodynamics,bsm physics,parton distribution functions,sm effective field theory
Nation – Power – Subjectivity: The Making of National Subjects in Late Medieval Bohemia and Brabant (1300-1450) (NATIONAL-SUBJECTS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-04-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166320.0
EU funding (EUR): 166320.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research project will challenge classical assumptions of the formation of the nation, traditionally seen as inseparable from industrialisation and the rise of capitalism in the 18th century. This project will show that the nation had already become a source of legitimacy in the late medieval power struggles between sovereign and political society on the one hand, and between different factions in that society on the other. Thus, the medieval nation was a ‘fundamental political factor’ and cannot be reduced to a simple cultural or ethnic notion. But, in order to exist, a nation needs individuals to identify with it. The national project depended on popular involvement based on the ideology on the ‘common good’ and of a sense of community. This project intends therefore to consider both individual and collective factors in the making of the nation. It will use a transnational approach, comparing the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Duchy of Brabant between 1300 and 1450. Both entities shared, for a while, the same ruling family and belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. Both were characterised by a strong social group competing with the sovereign and by complex linguistic arrangements with social and political implications. They both developed a significant sense of the nation, albeit differently due to distinct socio-political balances and experiences. While the Czech nation, as a product of the Czech nobility, was associated with feudal and conservative values, that of Brabant was linked to the urban ideals of political representation and liberty. Instead of starting from a fixed definition of the nation, the project will stress its contingent nature through an ‘archaeology’ that retraces the different contexts that gave rise to it and its different uses. The enquiry will be based on a large corpus (chronicles, didactic and courtly literature, songs, hagiography, etc.) that reflects the different positionings within society leading to the making of national subjects.

Keywords: nation,subjectivity,bohemia,brabant,political culture
Molecular Mechanisms Linking Psychological Stress and Ageing-Related Disease (STRESSAGED)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ageing-related diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. A ubiquitous and potentially preventable factor predisposing to their development is psychological stress, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this relation are largely unknown. This knowledge gap is addressed by the proposed project, which examines epigenetic modifications and, in particular, DNA methylation changes as molecular signatures that may be induced by lifetime stressors and act in concert with advancing age to shape disease risk. The proposed fellow will first identify the DNA methylation sites that are regulated by stressors and ageing and will then examine how these epigenomic sites determine gene expression and disease outcomes. Among key biological processes, the project will focus on immune dysregulation, a common pathogenic process for several diseases of the ageing. Immune dysregulation will be examined in the periphery but also in the brain, the orchestrator of behavioral, neuroendocrine and immune responses. The project will engage translational approaches using both human samples and animal models, implemented via collaborations among leading institutions and experts in Europe and USA. The applicant has unique interdisciplinary skills to carry out the project, including clinical background as well as experience in both clinical and basic research projects on the two fields brought together in the proposal, the biology of stress and ageing-related diseases. The impact of the project can be tremendous, since elucidating the molecular mechanisms of ageing-related diseases would contribute to the development of biomarkers, targeted prevention strategies and novel treatments for these devastating diseases.
Integrating isotopic techniques with Bayesian modelling for improved assessment and management of global sedimentation problems (IMIXSED)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Ethiopia,Spain,Belgium,Tanzania, United Republic of,United States,United Kingdom,Nepal,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 288000.0
EU funding (EUR): 288000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

This international RISE programme brings together EU, North American, African and Asian scientists to deliver a powerful tool for sediment management. Siltation of river channels, lakes and reservoirs presents a credible threat to river basin ecosystem service provision and water security. River silt originates in the catchment and the primary driver for mobilisation and translocation downstream is agriculture where loss of soil from slopes threatens food security. Knowledge of sediment source, transfer and residence time dynamics is critical to inform management for future food and water security and cutting-edge nuclear techniques have been developed in a joint UN Food and Agriculture Organisation and International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Programme to trace river silt back to source. However, the game change in isotopic biogeochemical tracer sophistication has led to a step change in data complexity. While these datasets capture real world complexity in time and space, the conventional statistical approaches to quantify sediment provenance from the tracer data do not. This severely limits the power of isotopic techniques for sediment source apportionment. Advances in ecological source apportionment models based on Bayesian statistics, however, present opportunity. New models, i.e. MixSIAR, have been shown to appropriately address such variability in a quantitative way and, if tailored to river basin sediment tracer data offer to address the above challenge. The central goal is to marry together the strengths of isotopic sediment tracer technology in the EU with ecological source apportionment models developed by North American scientists to deliver a powerful tool to combat threats to global food and water security. The tool will be showcased through its application in water-supply catchments where diffuse sediment and nutrient pollution from agriculture threatens food, water and, through siltation of of HEP dams, energy security.

Keywords: catchment,watershed,sediment,siltation,food security,water security,energy security,fallout radionuclides,cssis
New players in human BAT differentiation and activation: a human PSC-derived BAT approach combined with state of the art genome engineering and –omics based methodologies (StemBAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Spain,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 96.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 517869.24
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Here we propose a strategy to control body weight and prevent/reverse obesity based on targeting brown adipose tissue (BAT) to facilitate negative energy balance and prevent adaptive responses to dietary restriction. However, BAT in humans is limited and poorly characterised. Thus, we propose to use stem cells as a tool to gain unique insights into the biology of human brown adipocytes. The General Objective is to identify pathways and factors of potential therapeutic relevance that promote BAT development and/or activation/recruitment using a stem cell based BAT differentiation approach, and then to functionally validate the role of these factors in vitro by genome engineering human stem cell derived adipocytes and in vivo by transplanting these cells into mice. Specific Aims are: 1.To identify molecular mechanisms involved in human brown adipose tissue development and activation. 2. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in human white adipose tissue browning/beige cells recruitment 3. To identify new agents/compounds of therapeutic value, able to activate or recruit human brown adipose tissue/brite cells. Experimental strategy: We will use a UCP1-reporter human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) line differentiated into brown and white adipocytes to identify genetic factors that may contribute to brown adipocyte differentiation/activation and white adipocyte browning. Following the identification of candidate genes, we will knock out, constitutively and/or inducibly, both alleles of these genes in human PSC cells, producing a total loss of function. Following the in vitro phenotyping of the cells we will proceed to the in vivo validation of the functional properties/phenotype of human PSC derived brown/brite adipocytes (wild-type and loss of function) by transplanting these cells into mice. Using these reporter tools we will also perform in vitro pharmacological screening and in vivo validation of new compounds that stimulate BAT activation and WAT browning

Keywords: brown fat,thermogenesis,obesity
Advanced materials and processes to improve performance and cost-efficiency of Shallow Geothermal systems and Underground Thermal Storage (GEOCOND)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Low-cost, low-carbon energy supply
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Israel,Germany,Italy,Spain,Türkiye,Sweden,Sweden,United Kingdom
Call: Developing the next generation technologies of renewable electricity and heating/cooling (H2020-LCE-2016-RES-CCS-RIA, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2021-02-28
Duration (months): 46.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3955740.0
EU funding (EUR): 3955740.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

The 75% of the EU building stock is energy inefficient. Buildings hold a large untapped potential for renewables and energy efficiency in order to decarbonise the EU economy, to ensure security of supply and to provide cost savings to EU households and businesses alike. In this context, Shallow Geothermal Energy Systems (SGES) are a stable, reliable and renewable energy source with some key features compared to many other RES: being available everywhere and being capable of providing not only heating, but also cooling with unparalleled efficiency. Amongst SGES, closed loop systems with vertical Borehole Heat Exchangers enjoy the widest deployment in the EU where the total installed number of GSHP units amounts nowadays to about 1,4 million, representing an installed capacity of about 16.500 MWth. Against this background, there is still a need to remove market barriers and gain competitiveness, but also to develop the next generation of geothermal systems with new materials for penetrating further the market of building construction and renovation. Also the area of District Heating and Cooling needs improved heating and cooling storage technologies which could largely benefit from enhanced Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES) technologies. By a smart combination of different material solutions under the umbrella of sophisticated engineering, optimization, testing and on-site validation, GEOCOND will develop solutions to increase the thermal performance of the different subsystems configuring an SGES and UTES. An overall cost reduction of about 25% is the overall aim, leading to a substantial gain in competitiveness. GEOCOND, with a unique consortium of Companies and leading Reseach Institutions in the area of SGES and Materials, will focus on four key development areas in a synergeic and system-wide approach: development of new pipe materials, advanced grouting additives and concepts, advanced Phase Change Materials and system-wide simulation and optimization.

Keywords: shallow geothermal energy,underground thermal storage,simulation and optimization,advanced grouts,thermally enhanced soils,phase change materials