Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Late Stage Fluorination for Positron Emission Tomography Applications (FLUOPET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-16
End date: 2015-04-15
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 264112.5
EU funding (EUR): 264112.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a powerful non-invasive, real-time imaging technology that can be used to identify and characterize human disease, but is currently limited by deficiencies in chemistry. While simple molecules can be efficiently prepared, more complex, biomedically interesting molecules often cannot. The short half-life of [18F] (110 min) dictates severe restrictions on the chemical synthesis of PET tracers. Fluoride introduction must occur at a late stage of the synthesis, ideally as the last step, to avoid unproductive decay of the [18F] nucleus before injection into the body. Due to the limited functional group compatibility with conventional fluorination reactions employed today and the short half-life, the synthesis of PET tracers is limited to a small number of simple molecules. The high specific-activity isotopes – thus low mass – dictate a need for unusually high chemical reaction rates and efficiencies, which are met by only a handful of methods. The Ritter group at Harvard has developed a unique technology based on the concept of late-stage fluorination as a tool to streamline the synthesis of complex fluorinated molecules using [19F]. Late-stage fluorination has the potential of significantly increasing the number of [18F]-PET agents and their radiochemical yield. During this Fellowship we wish to develop and validate a general and robust late-stage fluorination chemistry with [18F] for the synthesis of PET tracers, using the “know how” of the Ritter group in the field of modern C-F bond formation. The new technology developed will be initially applied to the preparation of [18F]-fluorodeoxyestrone as a first “proof of concept”. In a more advanced stage, the project will deal with the translation of the new technology from Harvard to the ETH Centre for Radiopharmaceutical Science (Ametamey group), where will be used for the preparation of new [18F]-PET tracers for imaging PET the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 (mGluR5)

Keywords: aromatic fluorination,positron emission tomography,catalysis
URALLOY (URALLOY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-02
End date: 2014-04-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Uranium alloys are candidate materials for use in the nuclear and other industries. Their applications are strongly related to their chemical behaviour, particularly to the surface interaction with gases and vapours. In addition to the chemical composition, the microstructure of a material can strongly influence the physical properties. The proposed project will investigate the phase stability, oxidation, corrosion, hydrogenation behaviour, atomic structure, microstructure and the magnetic & electronic properties of selected, technologically important uranium-base alloy thin films (U-Mo, U-Zr, U-Zr-Mo). For the experimental studies, surface analysis and magnetic measurement techniques available in the Interface Analysis Centre (IAC) and other departments of the University of Bristol, UK, will be used.

Keywords: surface chemistry,chemical physics,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,interface technology,nuclear fuel technology
Planar ultraviolet radiation detectors based on GaN grown on silicon substrate with novel double oxide buffer layer (GANOXSI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-08-06
End date: 2013-11-05
Duration (months): 15.0
Total project cost (EUR): 104619.0
EU funding (EUR): 104619.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal between the researcher dr Adam Szyszka, the Polish fellow, and dr Thomas Schroeder, the scientist in charge of the German host IHP institute in Frankfurt (Oder) concern on investigation and fabrication of gallium nitride planar UV radiation detectors grown on silicon substrate with use of novel double oxide buffer layer. Gallium nitride and its ternary alloys with aluminium and indium have been recognized as a very important technological material system for fabricating optoelectronic, high frequency and high power devices. Because of the lack of large size GaN substrate different materials are used including silicon which advantages are low cost and large wafer size which allow mass production of devices. Many technological and research problems have to be solved to successful integration of gallium nitride on silicon. In IHP novel approach of application double oxide layer is developing. Objectives of the project include: obtaining the quality of GaN layer on Si substrate with application of oxide layers which allow for optoelectronic device fabrication, investigation of the influence of layer growth parameters properties of the layer, design and fabrication of the prototypes of the detectors, measurements of the device parameters dependence on layer parameters and epitaxial process conditions. Training objectives concern on enhancing technical competencies, command of foreign language improving and acquiring of complementary competencies (project management, multicultural communication, industry cooperation) Coupling competencies of the candidate (device processing, electrical characterisation, physics of semiconductor) with attributes of host institute in its fields of expertise (advanced materials characterization methods, technology of Si integration, international cooperation) the effects of enhancing academic and complementary qualification of the candidate and increase of European Union research and innovation potential will be obtained.

Keywords: microelectronics,epitaxial growth,physics of semiconductor,materials engineering,opto-electronic components
Development of sophisticated dendrimeric nanostructural materials with potential applications in drug allergy diagnosis: Towards immunoassays and cellular tests (basophil activation tests). (DENDRIMMUNEASSAYS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2015-01-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168896.4
EU funding (EUR): 168896.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nowadays drug allergy is considered a major public health problem in developed countries. Its correct diagnosis is very important for the adequate prescription of drugs to avoid risks for the patient. However, the adequate diagnosis is in certain cases difficult to address. This research aims at the development of sophisticated nanostructural materials with potential applications in drug allergy diagnosis. To this, the study will first focus on the identification of drug antigenic determinants still unknown by using different drug models as those derived from diclofenac and clavulanic acid, by a synthetic strategy to the hypothesized molecules and subsequent clinical evaluation. Secondly we propose the design of dendritic molecules displaying multiple presentations of relevant drug antigenic determinants. The determinants identified in the objective above and others already known as amoxicillin, will be coupled to the periphery of dendrimers and/or dendrons with the adequate methodology. The molecular recognition of these structures by specific IgE antibodies will be evaluated by radioimmunoassays, and performances in the structures will be carried out up to reach an optimal recognition. The final well-recognized structures will be anchored onto a solid phase with the aim of developing drug allergy diagnostic kits, to use in a routine clinical practice. Other approaches towards the study of the optimal distance in crosslink-IgE to produce the basophil activation will also be addressed in order to increase the sensitivity of this test. Biocompatible dendrimer as scaffolds, click chemistry methodologies, solid phases, organic chemical design will be used for the development of this project, with an important support of clinical evaluation and a biobank with patients sera. This methodology is expected to deliver a new tool box for the design of sophisticated nanostructural materials and versatile to the diagnosis of allergy to different drugs towards a microarray.

Keywords: drug allergy,molecular recognition,ige antibodies,polymer technology,nanobiotechnology,polyfunctional nanomaterials,multivalency,dendrimers,click chemistry,radioimmunoassay,basophile activation test
Identification of pathogenicity and virulence genes of the necrotrophic fungus Ascochyta spp. by genome-wide transcriptome analyses coupled to high-throughput next-generation sequencing. (ASCOTRANSSEQ)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231547.2
EU funding (EUR): 231547.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at identifying genes involved in pathogenicity and virulence of Ascochyta spp., the causal agents of ascochyta blight in legumes. Legumes are economically and agronomically important crops for sustainable agriculture in the European community, that have a very high potential for human and animal nutrition and the potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, diseases, and especially ascochyta blight, strongly limit stable yield and quality. All major legume crops suffer from an ascochyta blight as a major constraint. The genomes of four different pathotypes of Ascochyta rabiei differing in virulence and of an isolate each of A. pinodes and A. lentis have been sequenced. This information coupled with state-of-the-art transcriptomic technologies will be applied to unravel the pathogenicity and virulence of these fungi at the molecular level. The genomes of the four pathotypes of A. rabiei will be compared to identify the genes underlying virulence. In addition, using deepSuperSAGE technology, the transcripts expressed by the pathogen during different steps of the infection process in the ascochyta-legume interaction will be compared to each other and to the transcriptome of the fungus growing in the absence of the host. This approach will identify genes specifically involved in pathogenicity. Another outcome of the project will be the construction of a global transcript map of the different genomes depicting the location of transcribed genes. During the project the applicant will learn up-to-date next-generation sequencing and gene expression techniques, and different bioinformatics software. This should substantially extend the applicant’s range of expertise beyond her existing experience in plant pathology, traditional breeding and molecular marker technologies. This will add a competitive advantage to her scientific career, which so far focused on disease resistance breeding in pea.

Keywords: agriculture,crop protection,field crops,legumes,pathogen,ascochyta spp.,high-throughput sequencing,virulence,pathogenicity,transcriptomics
Diesel Engine Cold Start and Transient Improvement (DECOST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-05
End date: 2015-02-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 278807.4
EU funding (EUR): 278807.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the fellowship is ‘to achieve minimum cycle-to-cycle variations for a smooth cold start and robust idle speed operation and reduced particulate matter emissions during engine transients’. Latest engine design trend is towards lower compression ratio and higher turbocharger boost in order to achieve higher specific power and lower pollutant emissions, which raises the concern over cold-start operation. This problem will be much more severe if the diesel fuel contains higher percentage of biodiesel as per the proposed European fuel policy. This is one of the key research areas for the automakers and oil companies. However, optimization of cold start process is a trial-and-error procedure and with poor repeatability in engine test benches. There is little data for transient measurement of emissions during the cold start and in fact, very little research on the engine transient regulatory test procedure was reported. Moreover, in the present scenario, exhaust particle number and size distribution is the prime importance in Euro 6 (or beyond) emission regulations. There is no reference data available for the particle emissions of biodiesel engines in terms of exhaust particle number and size distribution during the start phase and transient operation. Hardware-in-loop simulation model that can simulate engine transient behaviour accurately is proposed for the cold start of diesel engines in the cold transient test facilities, especially with biodiesel. It is also proposed to assess the cold start performance of diesel engines and analysis gaseous emissions and particle number & size distribution using different biodiesel blends at start phase and transient condition. With the new legislation on particulate matter coming to effect very soon, these data will be critical in the implementation of particle number and size limit in the future European emission norms.

Keywords: technological sciences,diesel engine,biodiesel,cold start,hardware in the loop,exhaust emissions,particle emissions
Integrated Single-photon Sources in Silicon (ISSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 270145.8
EU funding (EUR): 270145.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The breakthrough field of quantum information science seeks to manipulate and control quantum mechanical phenomena to enable us to realise revolutionary technologies such as ultraprecise measurement, and quantum computing and simulation. However in the highly promising optical implementation of these technologies there is a severe limitation that hampers research: there are no scalable sources that can produce single-photons on command. The science goal of this proposal is to create a deterministic source of single-photons for applications in quantum information processing. We will develop an integrated silicon and laser-written waveguide photonic-chip platform that provides a scalable solution to the problem of single-photon generation. Modern silicon-photonic manufacturing platforms will enable us to create a photon-pair generation and wavelength filtering system in a single chip. Many of these probabilistic sources are arranged in an array so that detection, feedforward and routing can deliver single photons to an output with very high certainty. The performance of our completed source will be benchmarked in landmark quantum metrology and measurement based computing experiments and in the future our system will find applications in commercial areas such as quantum cryptography and more fundamental fields of research such as optical quantum computing. This fellowship will enable an academic with an outstanding track record in waveguide physics and single-photon source research to join a world leading group in optical quantum science. The prospective fellow brings with them many collaborative links and 8 years of research gained in a leading Australian universities’ research consortium. This project will result in the exchange of knowledge and expertise through its innovative research program, and will be the seed for new avenues of cooperation between EU and Australian research institutions.

Keywords: experimental physics,single-photon sources,quantum optics,quantum information science,femtosecond-laser direct-write waveguides,silicon photonics,optical waveguides,non-linear processes.
DISKOmice (DISKOMICE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268555.2
EU funding (EUR): 268555.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We hypothesize that within the intervertebral disc (IVD), a niche exists comprising the nucleus pulposus and the inner layer of the annulus fibrosus and the cartilage endplate. In the niche, two events govern successful maintenance of disc cell function: the ability of progenitor cells to provide replacement cells, and the power of this cell population for renewal. In the disc niche, environmental conditions are unique in that the progenitor cells experience a low oxygen tension and possibly a low pH. Cellular adaptation to low oxygen (hypoxia) is an important biological problem not only in relation to pathological conditions such as cancer and ischemic diseases, but also in normal foetal development and in cell differentiation. The overall goal of this project is to investigate the role of hypoxia and HIFs transcription factors and the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the biology of IVD, especially in proliferation, survival, differentiation of NP cells and formation of NP tissue, in both developmental and degenerative processes. To achieve this aim, the proposed research activities will focus on: mice models of gene invalidation particularly regarding the HIF pathway (HIF-1α, HIF-2α and Von Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor protein). To specifically inactive these genes during embryonic development, growth or aging, conditional and inducible KO will be generated using Cre or Cre-ERT2 strategies and promoters for Foxa2 (notochordal cells) or aggrecan (NP cells). The expected results are to improve our understanding of IVD development, aging and associated pathologies. Such advances in the comprehension of IVD physiopathology may lead to the development of advanced approaches by defining novel therapeutic targets and/or innovative cell-based tissue engineering strategies.

Keywords: intervertebral disc,nucleus pulposus,notochordal cells,oxygen tension,hypoxia inducible factor,von hippel-lindau tumor suppressor protein,gene invalidation,mice model
Obesity, Type 2 diabetes and the increased risk of cancer and cancer-related Mortality; the study of Molecular Mechanisms and potential therapeutic modalities. (DIABESITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 250106.0
EU funding (EUR): 250106.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that obesity and Type 2 diabetes are associated with an increased risk of developing common cancers including breast and colon cancer. They are also associated with increased cancer related mortality. While the mechanisms involved in this association are not yet defined, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and inflammatory cytokines are thought to be involved. Our studies, using separate mouse models of obesity or Type 2 diabetes, have replicated the increased association of these conditions and breast cancer. We have shown that endogenous hyperinsulinemia maybe an important contributing factor in the increased cancer risk. We propose to extend these studies in a number of directions. Firstly to confirm the findings using a mouse colon cancer cell lines. We will also study metastases, using a specific breast cancer cell line that spreads to the lungs and colon cancer that spreads to the liver. In these mouse experiments we will use specific blockers to the insulin and IGF-1 receptors to determine if the role of endogenous hyperinsulinemia is indeed a major factor in metastases and through which receptor it propagates a signaling cascade. Studies on the molecular mechanisms will be carried out on cells in culture and in the tissue samples from the tumors and metastases from lung and liver. We have also developed a model of hyperlipidemia and cancer and preliminary studies in our model suggest that, hyperlipidemia maybe another contributing factor in the connection between obesity/Type 2 diabetes and cancer and cancer metastases. This model, using breast and colon cancer, will be studied to identify the causative connection between this metabolic disorder and cancer. Overall the plan is to identify specific causality that will help design new therapeutic agents to deal with the growing problem of cancer in obese and diabetic patients.

Keywords: health sciences