Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Protection-induced selection and evolution of behavior within marine reserves and the impact on fisheries sustainability (BEMAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-12-07
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Marine reserves are a valuable tool for protecting against overharvesting and are expected to support fisheries beyond their boundaries through spillover of adult fish. However, marine reserves may set unanticipated selection regimes on fish behavior when they fail to protect a sufficiently large part of the range of movements of the animals present in the target population and there are fishing activities at the reserve boundary. Under these situations, marine reserves may generate differences in the time that each individual spends at risk to be harvested, and ultimately the fitness of the individuals. Worryingly, consistent removal of individuals that spend more time at risk may entail evolutionary consequences because the behavioral traits that might determine time at risk are likely heritable (they have been show to be repeatable, i.e. personality traits). This mechanism, termed protection-induced selection and evolution, has received support from simulation studies but lack empirical evidence. By analyzing a unique dataset that includes long-term and fjord-wide behavioral information of two cod populations from Norway, before and after reserve establishment in one of the areas, we will 1) investigate the drives of protection-induced selection, 2) the immediate effect of protection on the fitness landscape of the protected populations and 3) the long-term, evolutionary consequences for the protected individuals and the spillover effect from the marine reserve. Results will be synthesized to provide management recommendations. We forecast very timely and novel results, with high impact, that will move the knowledge frontier several steps forward and will allow a better management of marine resources with clear benefits to the society.

Keywords: animal personality,fisheries,marine reserve,contemporary evolution
Molecular Identification of Plants (Plant.ID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain,Norway,Belgium,Sweden,Greece,Sweden,Belgium,Greece,Norway,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Denmark,United Kingdom,Denmark,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4062035.52
EU funding (EUR): 4062035.52
Participants: 27
Project status: CLOSED

Many of the nearly 400,000 species of plants provide food, feed, medicines, and construction materials. Besides these positive impacts, plants also affect us negatively through pollen allergies, poisonous species, as invasive species, and as adulterants in herbal medicines. Nevertheless, plants are the most promising biological resource for our future. Current extinction risks of global flora and vast decline in taxonomic expertise demand accurate and rapid identification approaches to understand and valorise botanical biodiversity. Advances in genomic data and DNA sequencing are revolutionizing plant systematics, and modern molecular identification methods make it possible to accurately determine plants in ways that were technically impossible only a decade ago. Recently, it has become possible to detect substitution in herbal pharmaceuticals, monitor invasive alien species, trace fragments such as pollen and spores, uncover illegal trade in endangered species, make rapid and accurate molecular biodiversity assessments, and study historical plant diversity through DNA in museum specimens. However, to efficiently harvest the potential of the opportunities provided by the new genomic techniques, society today is in urgent need of trained biosystematists experienced in both taxonomy and in handling enormous amounts of genomic data. Plant.ID will innovatively address these challenges by bringing together academic and non-academic partners including regulatory agencies, industry, SMEs and NGO stakeholders, with the aim of developing molecular identification of plants through tailored approaches to species delimitation, metabarcoding, gene capture, and genomic barcoding, in order to empower stakeholders with simplified molecular identification of plants. By bridging classical taxonomic expertise with cutting-edge genomic approaches, Plant.ID will train a new generation of ESRs who will have immediate relevance to harnessing the central role of plants in the modern world.

Keywords: plant identification,dna barcoding,metabarcoding,biodiversity,biosystematics,herbal medicine,pharmacovigilance,phylogenomics
Access to European Nanoelectronics Network (ASCENT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Theme: Research infrastructures
Destination: Integrating activities and infrastructures
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Ireland,Belgium,France
Call: Integrating and opening existing national and regional research infrastructures of European interest (H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4698623.75
EU funding (EUR): 4698623.5
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

ASCENT will provide access to the world’s most advanced 10 nm and beyond-CMOS nanoelectronics data and test structures in Europe’s leading nanofabrication research institutes. The institutes involved have extensive advanced semiconductor processing fabrication facilities, flexible nanofabrication facilities, advanced electrical characterization equipment and expertise in atomistic and TCAD modeling. This will be the first time that access to these state-of-the-art devices and test structures will be available anywhere in the world. The impact of this access, and the resulting advances that will be made, will contribute significantly to competitiveness and growth capacity in the Europe’s nanoelectronics industry. ASCENT will enable Europe’s world-leading atomic scale device, TCAD and compact modeling community to perform the systematic studies that are required to develop nanoscale design methodologies and to identify the impact of quantum effects on sub-10 nm device performance. ASCENT provides an interface to global industrial leaders in nanoelectronics through the Industry Innovation Committee and through activities designed to transfer IP and technology uptake from the supported research activities. The results from the access activities will be fed back to device manufacturers to future improve the nanoscale devices being developed. ASCENT will reach out to the research community through a co-ordinated marketing campaign and will offer a simple single access route to the advanced technologies provided. ASCENT will provide technical and logistical support to Users and the results of the Access activities will be published and shared at User Workshops enabling strong interaction between the Users and Providers. ASCENT is a unique opportunity for researchers in Europe to gain access to world-leading technologies that are being developed in Europe’s leading institutes and ensure Europe remains at the forefront of global nanoelectronics development.

Keywords: nanoelectronics,microelectronics,beyond cmos,more than moore,technology computer aided design,electrical characterization
Diversity in Synthetic Biological Systems (SynBiol-DynHet)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One key problem in the investigation of living systems is their complexity. Synthetic biologists can create artificially designed biological systems, whose design reduces the complexity, and can thus address simplified and specific questions. Theoretical investigations of these systems help to understand these questions, for example by evaluating whether a simple model already predicts the features shown in experiments. This proposal provides a step towards understanding living systems by theoretically studying diversity in microbial populations. The aim is to investigate both spatial diversity, such as barriers, as well as agents with different traits within a population. This will be done with the goal of answering important ecological as well as microbiological questions. In terms of the ecology, this work will address how spatial barriers, or the presence of diverse agents, can influence the formation of biodiversity and cooperation. In its engagement with microbiology, it will investigate a microbial population's reactions to randomly distributed antibiotic drugs, and the ability to tolerate these antibiotics. With the development of new experimental procedures that allow closer investigations of both these issues, an improved theoretical description is now required alongside such advances. I will investigate all questions in close collaboration with synthetic biology experiments. This project will allow me to combine my background in the theory of condensed matter and chemistry to work on living systems research, before obtaining an independent researcher position in the field of biological physics.

Keywords: biological physics,population dynamics
Navigator and global interface applications for visually impaired people using Galileo satellite technologies (VOICEGALILEO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: SME Instrument (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of VOICEGALILEO is to create a new set of solutions (a stand-alone, portable and user-friendly device and 2 apps) for Visually Impaired People (VIPs) that will enable them to find their ways in urban areas with a precision of 1 meter, when Galileo will be fully operational. In order to achieve its final objective, VOICEGALILEO will: - exploit satellite navigation technologies and integrate them with accelerometer, odometer, digital compass as well as with mobile phone technologies and Bluetooth in areas where the satellite is not available (it combats the “canyon effect” – tall buildings blocking satellite outdoor, as well as the lack of satellite signals indoor or underground); - interact with information generated by a number of data providers so that VIPs will be able to find their way in urban areas (including support while they move from one point to the other), but also browse valuable information related to public transportation, cultural sites, special events, restaurants, shops, etc. Intermediate steps will consist in: - the update of an ad hoc software called VoiceGPS that had been developed and successfully tested by our Company in 2003; the software will also serve as basis for the development of the apps (running on both Android and Apple environments); - its integration with a personal monitor for VIPs (with a braille keyboard and vocal synthesizer to maximize interaction with VIPs) and the testing of the device so to create a standalone solution. Final output will be the marketization of the stand-alone, portable and user-friendly device for VIPs as well as two apps available for mobile devices (in Android and Apple environments) that exploit EGNOS technology and Galileo. Objectives of the feasibility study include the elaboration of a specific business plan, the individuation of suitable partners among European SMEs, the definition of Intellectual Property management issues as well as the development of the innovation strategy.

Keywords: galileo,egnos,navigator for visually impaired people
RATE: Respiratory Acoustics To estimate Energy in wild cetaceans (RATE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200194.8
EU funding (EUR): 200194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cetaceans are apex predators with significant top-down roles in the marine ecosystem. The impact of these roles must be quantified by measuring energetics in the wild, which has proven difficult in cryptic, highly mobile animals. Current techniques to estimate energy use in free-swimming dolphins overestimate measured values by >200% or integrate energy expenditure over time scales too long to detect responses to specific events or conditions. Through RATE, I will make the first reliable estimates of energy expenditure in managed and free-swimming cetaceans by applying novel techniques from human medicine to extract information from respiratory sounds. RATE will (I) calibrate respiratory flow rates from breath sounds recorded in bottlenose dolphins, (II) apply this calibration to tag deployments on free-swimming, wild dolphins to derive reliable estimates of airflow and energy use, and (III) assess changes in respiratory condition in response to specific events or behaviours. RATE’s objectives require simultaneous respiratory measurements and acoustic recordings of each breath: a custom-built pneumotach placed over the blowhole of bottlenose dolphins will record respiratory flow rates and gases, while state-of-the-art acoustic tags (DTAGs) placed near the animal’s blowhole with suction cups concurrently record the sound of exhalation and inhalation. In accomplishing RATE’s Objectives, I will provide a quantitative and mechanistic framework to define the cost of existence of cetaceans in their natural habitats – a major breakthrough in marine mammal physiology that is directly relevant to the European Commission (EC)’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive. The novel methods I will develop for RATE will overcome existing limitations of measuring field metabolic rates in free-swimming animals, and will increase the resolution of field metabolic rate from days to seconds to revolutionize how we measure energy turnover of marine mammals in the wild.

Keywords: bioacoustics,acoustics,marine mammals
Multi-Terminal Josephson Junctions as a novel platform for high dimensional topological matter (TopoInMulTermJJ)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173076.0
EU funding (EUR): 173076.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The spectrum of Andreev bound states in N-terminal Josephson Junctions (MulTJJ) may be viewed as a pseudo-bandstructure of N-1 dimension Bloch electrons. As we recently showed this pseudo-bandstructure may have interesting topological properties. (i) Topological transitions between ground states with different fermion parity may occur in a 3-terminal JJ upon varying the superconducting phases. (ii) In 4- or more terminal JJs, the pseudo-bandstructure may display Weyl nodes, that entail a non-trivial 1st Chern number in a 2D plane in the space of SC phase differences and lead to a measureable quantized transconductance under DC-bias voltage. However, questions concerning how to characterize, classify, and manipulate the topological states in MulTJJ are still open. The aim of this proposal is to continue to study this unexplored novel platform of topological matters. We start to study approaches to measure and manipulate topological states of MulTJJ in several more complicated nanostructures. These structures are interesting because topological properties are expected to be easily detected in similar experimental setups. We hope to observe exotic phenomena such as quantized transconductance, non-trivial modifications to the supercurrent and to waiting times due to the Berry phase. Moreover topological states are proposed to be manipulated in a gate-bias controllable dynamical process in a non-adiabatic driven quantum dot. We then propose to study the symmetry of MulTJJ in higher dimensions. In particular, we are interested in realizing a non-trivial 2nd Chern number, that would show up in the non-linear response of the system. For example we plan to study 6-/5-terminal JJ with/without time-reversal-symmetry in order to realize an analogue of the 4D quantum Hall effect. Finally, we seek to clarify the possible topological classes of MulTJJs. At the end of our research, we expect to obtain insights in understanding the topological properties of MulTJJs.

Keywords: multi terminal josephson junctions,weyl singularities,topological phases,2nd chern number,4d quantum hall effect,andreev bound states,waiting time distribution
Decoding impairments of gait and balance from local field potentials in patients with Parkinson's disease. (gaitDCODE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175419.6
EU funding (EUR): 175419.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, affecting more than ten million people worldwide. Over the past decades, dopaminergic and surgical therapies have been optimized to treat upper-limb motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia or rigidity with remarkable outcomes. However, these interventions are poorly effective to alleviate gait and balance deficits, which remain amongst of the most incapacitating symptoms affecting everyday mobility and quality of life in subjects with PD. Alternative stimulation strategies and novel surgical targets showed promises to improve gait. However, the lack of mechanistic insights and reliable readouts capturing the relationships between neural activity and leg motor dysfunction have prevented the development of effective, evidence-based therapies. Project gaitDCODE seeks to address these limitations. The objective of gaitDCODE is (i) to uncover the relationships between detailed patterns of gait deficits and the corresponding neural activity recorded from cortical networks and subthalamus nucleus in subjects with PD, and (ii) to leverage this knowledge to develop decoding algorithms that automatically predict these impairments in real-time. To enable these discoveries, gaitDCODE will build on two key innovations. First, it will exploit the conceptual and methodological expertise that the candidate gained through his work on gait rehabilitation after spinal cord injury, including high-resolution statistical approaches to capture the multi-faceted and time-varying characteristics of gait. Second, it will leverage the latest developments in implantable technology to sense and decode brain activity remotely and in real-time over extensive periods of time. In the long term, gaitDCODE will open up important avenues for the design of patient-specific, closed-loop neuromodulation therapies that address gait and balance deficits in PD using evidence-based models of locomotor deficits.

Keywords: locomotion,parkinson s disease,local field potential,real time decoding
Linking Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer in the Level of Genetics, Circulating Biomarkers, Microbiota and Environmental Risk Factors (BIOMENDELIAN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, collectively referred to as cardiometabolic disease, together with cancer are the major morbidities and causes of death. With few exceptions, research on cardiometabolic disease and cancer is funded, studied and clinically applied separately without fully taking advantage of knowledge on common pathways and treatment targets through interdisciplinary synergies. The purpose of this proposal is to reveal causal factors connecting and disconnecting cardiometabolic diseases and cancer, and to understand interactions between gut microbiota, host diet and genetic susceptibility in a comprehensive prospective cohort study design to subsequently allow design of intervention strategies to guide more personalized disease prevention. 1. We investigate causality between genetic risk factors for cardiometabolic disease associated traits and future incidence of T2D, CVD, cancer (total/breast/colon/prostate) and mortality (total, CVD- and cancer mortality), searching for causal factors in a prospective cohort with >15 y follow-up (N>30,000, incident cases N=3550, 4713, 5975, 6115 for T2D, CVD, cancer, mortality) 2. For the first time in a large population (N=6000), we investigate how gut and oral microbiome are regulated by dietary factors, gut satiety peptides and host genetics, and how such connections relate to cardiometabolic disease associated traits and cancer 3. We investigate the role of diet and gene-diet interactions of importance for cardiometabolic disease and cancer 4. We perform genotype, biomarker and gut microbiota based diet intervention studies. This inter-disciplinary project contributes to biological understanding of basic disease mechanisms and takes steps towards better possibilities to prevent and treat individuals at high risk for cardiometabolic disease, cancer and death.

Keywords: gut microbiota,oral microbiota,mendelian randomization,personalized medicie,dietary intervention,cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes,cancer