Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Genomics and effectoromics to understand defence suppression and disease resistance in Arabidopsis-Albugo candida interactions (ALBUGON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2498923.0
EU funding (EUR): 2498923.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on two questions about host/parasite interactions: how do biotrophic plant pathogens suppress host defence? and, what is the basis for pathogen specialization on specific host species? A broadly accepted model explains resistance and susceptibility to plant pathogens. First, pathogens make conserved molecules ( PAMPS ) such as flagellin, that plants detect via cell surface receptors, leading to PAMP-Triggered Immunity (PTI). Second, pathogens make effectors that suppress PTI. Third, plants carry 100s of Resistance (R) genes that detect an effector, and activate Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI). One effector is sufficient to trigger resistance. Albugo candida (Ac) (white rust) strongly suppresses host defence; Ac-infected Arabidopsis are susceptible to pathogen races to which they are otherwise resistant. Ac is an oomycete, not a fungus. Arabidopsis is resistant to races of Ac that infect brassicas. The proposed project involves three programs. First ( genomics, transcriptomics and bioinformatics ), we will use next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods (Solexa and GS-Flex), and novel transcriptomics methods to define the genome sequence and effector set of three Ac strains, as well as carrying out >40- deep resequencing of 7 additional Ac strains. Second, ( effectoromics ), we will carry out functional assays using Effector Detector Vectors (Sohn Plant Cell 19:4077 [2007]), with the set of Ac effectors, screening for enhanced virulence, for suppression of defence, for effectors that are recognized by R genes in disease resistant Arabidopsis and for host effector targets. Third, ( resistance diversity ), we will characterize Arabidopsis germplasm for R genes to Ac, both for recognition of Arabidopsis strains of Ac, and for recognition in Arabidopsis of effectors from Ac strains that infect brassica. This proposal focuses on Ac, but will establish methods that could discover new R genes in non-hosts against many plant diseases.

Keywords: disease resistance,pathogen effectors,defence suppression,pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps),plant-microbe interactions,pathogen host range
A functional explanation of low temperature tree species limits (TREELIM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1249198.0
EU funding (EUR): 1249198.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The number one question in ecology is why certain organisms occur where they do, and what the traits are which make them successful. This project aims at arriving at a functional explanation of the climatic limits of major European broad leaved tree taxa. It will focus on and explore their temperature-related limits and aims at reviving Europe's traditional strength in physiology based ecology by training a group of young scientists to answer such questions. The project builds upon many years of the PIs experience in mechanism oriented ecology (e.g. synthesis in Körner 2003) and should help trading those rapidly disappearing skills to a next generation of experimental ecologists. The project adopts a three-step approach: (1) Assess the current extreme postions of tree taxa along thermal gradients, using existing data bases and site visits (data mining, biogeography). (2) Associate those patterns with bioclimatic information, both available and newly acquired (climatology). (3) Empirically test hypotheses of causes of growth limitation and stress survival, both in the field and in the laboratory (eco-physiology). The project will account for ecotypic differentiation by using the uppermost (marginal) and central (optimal) positions of taxa and will explore plant establishment as well as adult plant performance. It will use in situ measurements, transplant and common gardens as well as phytotron testing. Genotypic control of phenology, frost hardiness, thermal constraints of growth and reproduction (fitness) will play a central role. The results will, for the first time, offer a mechanistic (rather then correlative) explanation for broad leaf tree species distribution in Europe and thus, will provide a basis for improved parameterization and evaluation of species distribution models in a climate change context.

Keywords: tree ecology,climate,gis,low temperature stress,freezing,ecophysiology,common garden experiments,dendroecology
Systematic Chemical Genetic Interrogation of Biological Networks (SCG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-08-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2400000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2400000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent genome-scale studies have revealed the massive redundancies and functional interconnectivities encoded by the genome. For example, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is predicted to harbor 200,000 synthetic lethal interactions. This genetic density has profound implications for both understanding the architecture of living systems and drug discovery. In particular, the dense connections of biological networks mandate a multi-node strategy to selectively manipulate any given biological response, whether it be to probe system level properties or for therapeutic intervention in human disease. By analogy to Ehrlich s magic bullet concept, we term this approach the magic shotgun . We propose to systematically identify chemical-genetic interactions that selectively disrupt any specific mutant genotype and chemical-chemical interactions that selectively kill pathogenic species. Our five main objectives are: (i) construct a comprehensive Chemical Genetic Matrix (CGM) of small molecule-gene interactions in order to predict chemical synergies and manipulate network function in a species-specific manner; (ii) elaborate the CGM with a set of ~5,000 yeast bioactive molecules derived from high throughput/high content screens; (iii) identify small molecule combinations that modulate stem cell and cancer cell renewal and differentiation; (iv) define compound mechanisms of action by functional genomics; (v) integrate chemical-genetic, genetic and protein interaction datasets to predict gene function, small molecule targets and network properties. This research will cross-connect genetic pathways through chemical space, identify species-specific combinations of agents as therapeutic leads and provide a repository of small molecule probes for cell biological and systems-level analysis. The principles developed through the course of this work will raise our understanding of biological networks and help establish a new approach to drug discovery.

Keywords: chemical biology
Molecular characterization and targeted elimination of metastatic pancreatic cancer stem cells (PA-CSC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2335105.0
EU funding (EUR): 2335105.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the deadliest solid cancer and currently the fourth most frequent cause for cancer related deaths. Over the past decades, there has hardly been any substantial therapeutic progress regarding clinical endpoints. New hope has now been generated by the re-emerging cancer stem cell (CSC) concept. We have identified and characterized pancreatic CSC in the context of tumour growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. To eventually be able to develop a targeted therapy for eliminating CSCs as the root of the tumour, we will perform comparative functional and genomic analyses of the identified, highly purified human CSC populations, their more differentiated progenies, normal tissue resident stem cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. For these analyses, we are also focusing on their demonstrated resistance of CSC to chemotherapy as well as their invasive properties and tumour-initiating capacity as demonstrated in our orthotopic mouse models. Subsequent functional characterization of newly identified genes regarding their biological function for tumour angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis will be carried out. Moreover, it is similarly important to investigate in parallel the origin of CSCs, which may aid us to develop new therapeutic strategies to prevent transformation of tissue-resident stem cells. The role of risk factors that have been associated with the development of pancreatic cancer, namely smoking and chronic pancreatitis will be investigated in this context. Together, the above experiments will generate important clues how CSCs circumvent the physiological regulatory elements of stem cell functionality and, even more importantly, how these cells escape the response to standard cancer therapy. Eventually, these new insights may allow us to develop novel targeted and multimodal treatment modalities for the successful elimination of these cells as the previously unrecognized root of the tumour.

Keywords: cancer stem cells pancreatic cancer
IMS2020: Supporting global research for IMS 2020 Vision (IMS2020)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: New production
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Switzerland,Norway,European organisations area,Belgium,Korea, Republic of,United States,Japan,Italy,Germany
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-CSA-2, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2011-07-31
Duration (months): 31.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2860930.14
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

IMS2020 aims at strengthening international co-operation and supporting global European-centric research under the IMS initiative, providing an effective interface to ongoing European roadmapping activities (such as European Technology Platform, etc.) and creating research synergies at international level through establishment of inter-regional manufacturing communities in the five Key Areas of Activity of IMS. Thanks to the coordination action the following IMS2020 Objectives will be achieved: 1. To prepare a coherent roadmap for future (2020) manufacturing research in the five IMS Key Areas 2. To identify new schemes & frameworks to support IMS research by enhancing and favouring inter-regional cooperation projects 3. To identify specific SME-focused measures to increase SMEs participation in international R&D co-operative projects, within IMS initiative 4. To establish and consolidate international and inter-regional communities in the Key Areas of Activity of IMS, with effective exchange of results and knowledge 5. To prepare the ground for new IMS proposals, both paving the way for the legislation and creating a knowledge network, to discuss and inform about manufacturing projects The first objective will be achieved by mid of 2009, delivering the roadmap, structured into specific sections that address individually the five IMS Key Areas and addressing specific IMS level research topics. The IMS2020 Consortium combines together industries, industrial associations, research centres and universities coming from all IMS Regions (EU, Switzerland, USA, Korea, Japan). The IMS2020 project will benefit from the heritage of the successful initiative IMS NoE, coordinated by Politecnico di Milano.

Keywords: vision,roadmap,ims cooperation
Advanced Materials as CO2 Removers: A Computational Study of CO2 Sorption Thermodynamics and Kinetics (AMCOS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Materials
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Greece,Germany,Italy,France
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-EU-India-2, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 691733.34
EU funding (EUR): 520000.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed work aims at developing the tools required for the intelligent choosing and tuning of nano-porous materials with respect to a specific application. For this purpose, a combined computational theoretical and experimental study is envisaged in order to digitally reconstruct the porous matrix of selected advanced materials, mainly for applications involving sorption of carbon dioxide and methane by employing advanced Statistical Mechanics based computer simulation methods, both, in atomistic (Monte Carlo, ab initio and equilibrium and non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics) and mesoscopic level (Kinetic Monte Carlo and Lattice Gas Cellular Automata). The reasoning behind this strategy is that the structure of materials spans a wide range of length scales, making thus sorption and transport phenomena depend upon length and time scale. As a consequence, the proposed computational methodology consists of many levels in order to address properly these phenomena. Moreover, a complementary approach to computer simulations is provided through direct comparison of two highly sophisticated methods for measuring motion of guest molecules inside porous materials, namely, quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) and pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR), carried out by the groups of Lyon and Leipzig respectively. This type of combined studies can be perfectly utilized through the proposed work towards a fascinating insight of the relation of the material interior to the sorption and transport mechanisms of sorbates such as carbon dioxide and methane, both involved in the so-called greenhouse effect.

Keywords: carbon dioxide,advanced porous materials,computer simulation,statistical mechanics,thermodynamics,sorption,diffusion.
Modeling of Nano-scaled Advanced Materials Intelligently (MONAMI)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Materials
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Sweden,Sweden,Germany,Austria,Netherlands,Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-EU-India-2, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1239872.0
EU funding (EUR): 930000.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed consortium focuses on a collaborative effort of developing novel techniques and paradigms concerning theoretical modelling of nano-scale advanced materials. The objectives are to identify novel methodologies and to identify appropriate approximations to successfully undertake simulations of the materials which are to be used in our future society. An important aspects here is to be able to carry out this development all the way from ide and concept to working computer soft-wares. In addition to this technical development we will focus on establishing knowledge concerning an emerging class of materials; nano-scaled materials with potential for tailored properties and potential for novel functionality. Training of younger scientists forms a natural aspect of this ambition, and is a strategically relevant outcome of our planned efforts. Finally, it is envisaged that the collaboration will enable an intensified collaboration between European and Indian research laboratories and universities.

Keywords: materials modeling,multiscale theory,nano-materials
Development of a Synergistic Computational Tool for Material Modeling, Process Simulation and Optimization of Optical Glass Molding (SIMUGLASS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Materials
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Belgium,Denmark,Czechia
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-EU-India-2, 2008)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1197337.48
EU funding (EUR): 899994.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

For the production of complex optical components, the precision glass molding, where the novel moldable optical glass is directly deformed at high temperature, is fast emerging as a powerful and economically viable technology. To improve the efficiency, the complex shrinkage behavior of the glass material during the cooling step has to be understood and thus predicted by means of innovative collaboration between material science and computational modeling. The overall objective of this project is the development of a powerful synergistic computational FEM-tool for material modeling, process simulation and optimization of optical glass molding for optical glass molding. Based on this ambitious goal, the following scientific and technological objectives have to be realized: • Scientific analysis of the relevant thermal, mechanical, rheological and optical glass material properties and their dependence on the molding parameters (forming velocity, temperature, force, etc.), • Development of powerful computational material models able to describe and predict glass material behavior, • Implementation of the developed glass material models into a computational framework based on Finite Element Modelling (FEM), • Computational modelling of the glass molding process including the radiative heating and viscous flow of glass and the thermal and mechanical properties of other relevant components (molding tool, cooling concept, vacuum chamber and so on), • Validation of the developed FEM-tool in real glass molding experiments on an industrial glass molding machine for theoretical model optimization. These objectives finally lead to the development of an computational-based FEM-tool, in which the complex behavior of the glass material during the molding process is implemented. The basis for the development is the multidisciplinary approach between European and Indian researchers, which is essential for the material understanding.

Keywords: precision glass molding,mold manufacturing,glass material properties,computational material modeling
Integrating Nanomaterials in Formulations (INFORM)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Materials
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Germany,France,Spain,France,Israel,Germany,Australia,Malaysia,China,India,Sweden,United Kingdom,Singapore,United States
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-CSA-2, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2042792.12
EU funding (EUR): 1700000.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

A coordination action is proposed to reinforce the international dimension of EU research on nanomaterials in formulations in the Asia-Pasific region. Three mechanism will be implemented to reach the widest possible audience in the appropriate formats that are convenient to the different stakeholders: (1) yearly major events, that will introduce a new concept to scientific gatherings and a departure from conventional meetings, (2) a researchers exchange program to seed new collaborations, facilitate joint projects and the realisation of future coordinated calls, and (3) the creation of a website devoted to nanomaterials in formulations, that will include up to date and reliable information on the newest research developments, funding opportunities, regulations, events and links to other nanotechnology initiatives.

Keywords: formulations,nanopowders,films,tapes,polymers,surfactant,biomolecules,emulsions,liquid crystals,consumer products,pharmaceuticals,agrochemicals,cosmetics,detergents
ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF DYNAMIC PHENOMENA IN MAGNETIC NANO-MATERIALS (DYNAMAG)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Materials
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Italy,Poland
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2008-EU-India-2, 2008)
Start date: 2009-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1170976.0
EU funding (EUR): 899936.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The opportunity to modify the excitation spectra in materials with modulated properties has stimulated striving research activity in the area of artificial nanostructures with novel functionalities - so called metamaterials. Magnetic materials with modulated properties also possess properties that cannot be reduced to those of their constituents. The best example is the phenomenon of giant magneto-resistance (GMR), the discovery of which was marked by the Nobel Prize in Physics last year. Similar to photons in photonic crystals, the spectrum of magnons (spin waves) in periodic magnetic nano-materials shows a tailored band structure. The latter consists of bands of allowed magnon states and band gaps in which there are no allowed magnon states. By analogy to studies of other band-gap materials, the field of research is called magnonics. Further development and application of magnetic nano-structures requires a thorough understanding of the relation between their physical and chemical structure and useful magnetic functionalities. The ability to accurately predict properties of fabricated magnetic nano-structures and complete devices theoretically would generate huge savings of resources, but remains illusive at present. The goal of this project is to consolidate efforts of European and Indian researchers with a broad range of leading expertise to create, to validate and to implement a flexible computational framework for modelling of dynamics in realistic magnetic nano-materials and complete devices. The framework will be validated via comparison of computational results against those obtained experimentally or using analytical theories. We will model magnetic dynamics in topologically complex nanostructures, in view of applying them in design of realistic devices. This project will provide a computational foundation for creation of not only novel high speed magnetic technologies but also of those at interfaces with photonics, plasmonics, phononics, and electronics.

Keywords: magnonics,nanomagnetism,micromagnetics