Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Supporting SME driven olive industry to comply with EU directives (EN-X-OLIVE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research for the benefit of SMEs
Destination: Research for SME associations
Action type: Research for the benefit of specific groups
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,France,Germany,Spain,Greece,Italy,Spain,Italy,Spain
Call:  (FP7-SME-2007-2, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2012-01-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2601315.16
EU funding (EUR): 2064659.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

Technical scenario: Olive production is a significant economic sector in southern Member States, especially in Spain, Italy, Greece and Portugal. However, the extraction process involved in olive oil production generates non−biodegradable phytotoxic waste, and is therefore a significant source of pollution. Despite the introduction in the 90s of improved separation systems such as 2-phase centrifugation system, that reduce both water use and the quantities of liquid residues produced, the problems of waste toxicity, high energy consumption and the disposal of final residues remain . Olive oil production gives a final waste consisting in a solid and very humid by-product called ‘‘alperujo’’ (AL) or “Olive wet cake”. The problem of AL disposal has not been fully resolved and research into new technological procedures that permit its profitable use is needed. In addition, these wastes also contain valuable resources such as phenolic compounds, (approximately 53% in olive oil mill waste waters), characterised by different biological activity properties which could be of interest in industry (i.e. their strong antioxidant activity). Current extraction of these compounds is not available from olive oil waste water, since technology is not fully developed and optimised to get large scale prototyping such as Pilot plant stage. Proposed solution: We propose a method focused on both treatment of olive waste waters with by anaerobic digestion transforming biomass into biogas, basically Methane, and extraction from liquid fraction of valuable products, such as polyphenols. Synergy between these technologies will allow overcome technical barriers such as polyphenol inactivation of the digestion process, making more efficient the process and letting a higher purity of the waste water product.

Keywords: polyphenols extraction anaerobic digestion
Mobility Schemes Ensuring Accessibility of Public Transport for All Users (ACCESS 2 ALL)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Transport (including Aeronautics)
Destination: Sustainable surface transport (INCLUDING THE �EUROPEAN GREEN CARS INITIATIVE�)
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: France,Greece,Germany,Romania,Sweden,Portugal,Germany
Call:  (FP7-SST-2007-RTD-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2010-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 797422.0
EU funding (EUR): 797422.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The main aim of proposing the ACCESS 2 ALL coordination action is to encourage Public Transport operators belonging to the project target group to adopt innovative technological concepts and mobility schemes that enable high quality mobility and transportation services for all, as well as to provide their personnel with the necessary knowledge on the particularities of specific user groups, such as the elderly and disabled, ICT-illiterate, dyslexic and illiterate people, etc. ACCESS 2 ALL aims at defining concrete mobility schemes, guidelines and policy recommendations, ensuring accessibility of Public Transport to ALL users, through the coordination of current research efforts, the production of common research roadmaps, the identification of best practice models and the appropriate use of ICT aids and networks. The achievement of all above stated objectives will be measured and verified through well specified milestones and specific success assessment criteria.

Keywords: accessibility,public transport,innovative vehicle concepts,international cooperation
Analysis of Neuregulin-1 function in the maturation of cortical GABAergic interneurons: Implications for the etiology of schizophrenia (GABACORT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2010-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151369.07
EU funding (EUR): 151369.07
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness affecting nearly 1% of the population that is though to arise as a consequence of abnormal brain development. Structural deficits are relatively subtle in schizophrenia; however, there is evidence for a reduced volume of the neocortex, probably linked to perturbed development of the neuropil, and significant alterations in GABAergic neurotransmission in patients with schizophrenia. Recent genetic studies suggest that Neuregulin-1 (Nrg1) and its receptor ErbB4 are susceptibility genes linked to the disorder. Interestingly, our preliminary observations demonstrate that ErbB4 is specifically expressed by GABAergic interneurons during the postnatal development of the cerebral cortex. The goal of this study is to determine the role of Nrg1/ErbB4 signalling in the maturation of GABAergic interneuron, using interneuron specific ErbB4 mutant mice, in order to get insights into the etiology of schizophrenia. We plan to address the function of Nrg1/ErbB4 using cell culture techniques, in utero manipulations and analyses of interneuron-specific ErbB4 conditional mutants. In brief, we will test whether Nrg1 influences the axonal development of control or ErbB4 mutant cortical interneurons in primary cultures. In addition, we will study the morphological development of individual ErbB4-deficient cortical interneurons in vivo, by in utero electroporation of Cre/GFP plasmids in the place of origin of most cortical interneurons, the medial ganglionic eminence. Furthermore, we will establish the role of Nrg1/ErbB4 in synaptogenesis both in cell cultures and in vivo, scrutinizing the development of GABAergic terminals in control and ErbB4 conditional mutants by confocal analysis, electron microscopy and electrophysiological techniques. Finally, we will address the role of ErbB4 in the regulation of gene expression in the cerebral cortex by comparing the transcriptional profile of the postnatal cortex from WT and ErbB4 conditional mutant

Keywords: schizophrenia,interneuron,axon development,synaptogenesis,gaba,neuregulin,erbb4
Cultural variety in the Christian Orient: Christian Arabic Language and Literature in the Middle Ages (COCALLMA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-20
End date: 2010-06-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 148556.7
EU funding (EUR): 148556.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to suggest the study of a set of Arabic texts written by a Palestinian Christian Bishop who lived in a period of persecutions against Christians under the Fatimid (Shia) Islamic caliphate (IX-XI centuries AD). This type of texts is of a major historical relevance, dealing as they are with relations between Christians and Muslims, which at times are linked to political and social tensions even today, in Europe as well as in the Muslim World it self. Our enquiry will address problems relating to linguistic and religious features, as well as questions of cultural interest. The language used is known as Middle Arabic, a kind of written Arabic that we find in medieval manuscripts as well as in present day linguistic settings. For the cultural aspects we will study the inter-textual relations to be found in patristic and classical culture, Christian Arabic Literature and Islamic sources. Within this framework the Christian Orient and its literatures are rarely taken into consideration but definitely deserve to be studied and considered in the light of the present day historical-political conjuncture. To achieve the objectives of the proposal, an extended scholarly sojourn at the Université Catholique de Louvain is foreseen, allowing me to further my studies of Syriac, as well as several missions to the Middle East for the purpose of cataloguing and analyzing new manuscript sources. The study of Oriental Christianity represents an outstandingly promising field of research since it allows us to understand the fundamental link for the transmission of knowledge from East to West as well as to reconsider the centuries-old cohabitation between Christians and Muslims in the Arab East, the correct knowledge of which is far from irrelevant for a proper understanding of present political and religious challenges in Europe.

Keywords: humanities,arabic philology,middle arabic texts,muslim-christian relationships,christian orient
Dissecting the cytosolic tRNA import process in mitochondria of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CHLAMITRNA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-15
End date: 2010-04-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164319.59
EU funding (EUR): 164319.59
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During evolution, plant mitochondrial genomes underwent multiple rearrangements leading to the loss of genetic information. One of the consequences is that the number of mitochondrial encoded tRNA genes is not sufficient to ensure plant mitochondrial translation. In order to compensate this deficiency, cytosolic tRNAs have to be imported into mitochondria. Although this phenomenon is an essential process for mitochondrial biogenesis in most eukaryotic cells, it remains poorly understood. The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas represents an attractive model organism for the study of this mechanism. There is a high and selective import of cytosolic tRNA into mitochondria and the manipulation of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is possible. One of the goals of the project pertains the comprehension of the regulation of this process inside mitochondria. For this, we will manipulate the mitochondrial genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in order to measure the effect on the balance of imported and non-imported tRNAs. A second major aim is to determine the role of the components of the tRNA import machinery in C. reinhardtii and thus we plan to selectively inactivate the expression of the corresponding genes by RNA silencing.

Keywords: molecular biology,green alga,trna import,mitochondria,codon usage,vdac
Analysis of natural variation for cold tolerance in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana (ANAVACO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-22
End date: 2011-05-21
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 236443.3
EU funding (EUR): 236443.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The identification of the genetic variants underlying adaptive traits constitutes one of the major challenges for modern biology. In this proposal we focus on the ability of plants to tolerate low temperatures. The molecular basis of cold tolerance has been widely investigated in crop species since freezing temperatures can severely affect quality, yield and production. Through the use of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana a dramatic increase in the understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying cold tolerance was achieved. However, many questions remain still open with regard to the nature of the genes involved in the response of plants to cold temperatures. In this project an original, interdisciplinary strategy will be adopted to address naturally occurring variation for cold tolerance in A. thaliana. First, with the aim of identifying the genes underlying variation for cold tolerance in A. thaliana, association mapping will be performed, making use of a set of 1300 A. thaliana accessions, genotyped for 250.000 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms. In contrast to classical linkage mapping, association mapping has the potential to identify single or a few genes. However, it is affected by population structure, which can eventually lead to a high rate of false positives. Therefore, F2 and F3 progenies will be designed, and used in classical linkage mapping to confirm that associations are due to linkage with causative polymorphisms rather than being spurious correlations due to population structure. Second, to elucidate the selective forces to which the loci identified in the association study have been submitted nucleotide variation will be analyzed at the loci as well as at their surrounding genomic regions and compared to the genome-wide polymorphism pattern. Finally, the candidate loci for cold tolerance identified through association mapping will be submitted to functional analyses in order to confirm their implication in cold tolerance.

Keywords: molecular evolution,genomics,adaptation,cold tolerance,arabidopsis,selection,association mapping,candidate genes,temperature,abiotic stress
Facing multiple predators - phenotypic integration in multiple antipredator traits (INTERATING DEFENCES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168823.92
EU funding (EUR): 168823.92
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Phenotypic plasticity, the flexibility of organisms to adjust their phenotypes to changing environments, remains an exciting research area for scientist studying developmental biology, ecology and evolution. A recently emerging area of studying phenotypic plasticity is how prey integrate their response of suites of phenotypic traits across multiple environments. Because predation is a strong selective agent biasing the distribution, abundance and evolution of species, predator induced phenotypic plasticity has been highlighted by multitudes of publications over the last decades. However, our knowledge about trait integration in prey across multiple predator environments is still extremely narrow. In nature, species face multiple predators both in space and time and apply suites of different antipredator traits to repel predators. Consequently, achieving the integration of suites of different antipredator traits among multiple predator environments must be a procedure of balancing multiple costs and benefits. Here, I propose to examine the integration of behavioural, morphological and life history antipredator traits across multiple predator threats in the three model daphnid species (water fleas) Daphnia longispina, D. magna and D. pulex. This involves studying prey trait integration within and between predator regimes, under multiple predator regimes and under multiple but sequential predator regimes. In controlled laboratory experiments using several clones of all three species, I will investigate trade-offs among defensive strategies in prey facing multiple predators and the interplay of phenotypic and genotypic integration. Results of this project will provide important insights how prey organisms deal with multiple predator environments and integrate multiple defences to build a complex organism.

Keywords: behavioural biology,evolutionary biology,animal ecology,aquatic ecology,functional biology
Role of spastic paraplegia genes and BMP signaling in regulating axonal microtubules and transport (HSP AXONS DROSOPHILA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2011-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168256.91
EU funding (EUR): 168256.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a set of diseases in which longer spinal cord axons degenerate. The pathological mechanisms of degeneration in HSPs are poorly understood, even in cases when causative genes have been cloned. To date, some thirty causative loci (SPG loci) have been mapped and thirteen cloned. The host laboratory has recently identified a mechanism by which one gene product, SPG6, can affect axonal transport. The Drosophila SPG6 homolog, spichthyin, is a novel antagonist of BMP/TGF-beta signaling that acts by modulating receptor traffic. Furthermore, the host lab has found that BMP signaling is required for maintenance of axonal microtubules (MTs) in Drosophila, and that impairment of this signaling leads to loss of axonal MTs and impairment of axonal transport. This role of BMP signaling is a novel cellular process, and may be a target for other degenerative diseases. The purpose of the project is to determine how BMP signaling regulates axonal MTs. The specific objectives are (i) to determine if BMP regulation of MTs acts via the canonical BMP pathway that involves transcriptional regulation, and/or via a more localised non-canonical pathway; (ii) to test if the MT regulation occurs by regulation of tubulin expression, and/or by activity of of MT-binding proteins; (iii) to use live imaging and techniques such as FRAP to study the effect of BMP signaling on dynamic localization and traffic of MTs. The identification of such mechanisms will allow a better understanding of both BMP signaling and MT regulation in both healthy and disease states. This project is original and innovative in that it builds on recent pioneering work in the host lab that links an important neuronal signaling pathway with basic processes of axonal MT regulation and transport. Study of the target pathway of SPG6 is timely because it can provide a framework of knowledge to understand the mechanisms of degeneration in other axonal degeneration diseases.

Keywords: neurobiology,cell biology,developmental biology,molecular genetics
Molecular Mechanisms underlying the link between the vitamin K-dependent proteins, Gas6 and protein-S, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells during cell differentiation processes (PHAGOCYTOSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2010-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231463.59
EU funding (EUR): 231463.59
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The anti-coagulant factor protein-S and its structural homologue Gas6, two vitamin K-dependent proteins, are ligands for the Tyro3/Axl/Mer family of related tyrosine kinase receptors. Protein-S is the major factor responsible for serum-stimulated phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. The phenotypes associated with the invalidation of genes encoding Tyro3/Axl/Mer, further revealed the implication of protein-S and Gas6, in regulating apoptotic cell phagocytosis. We hypothesise that protein-S and Gas6 as well as other vitamin K-dependent proteins are major regulator of apoptotic cells phagocytosis, which is a critical step during cell differentiation. We intend to use Gas6-deficient mice, as well as RCS rats (deficient in Mer receptor) to investigate further the role of protein-S and Gas6 and possibly other vitamin K-dependent proteins in regulating cell differentiation and phagocytosis in three in vitro models of cell differentiation: retinogenesis, neurogenesis and spermatogenesis. The signalling pathways regulated by these factors and which are involved in mediating phagocytosis will also be investigated. The present research proposal also aims at setting up and standrising an in vitro quantitative assay for phagocytosis which will be a major technical advance and may form the framework for “phagosomics” as a new high-throughput screening assay to assess phagocytosis. Therefore, the present proposal may be of interest for also biotechnology companies. This research proposal will also contribute to establish possible links between the AVK anti-thrombotic treatment and retina degeneration, neurodegeneration, altered spermatogenesis/infertility. The link between blood coagulation factors and phagocytosis will be a new concept of major importance and will contribute to a better understanding a better assessment of its clinical consequences and to the development of cellular-based therapies aiming at an effective targeting of cell phagocytosis-associated pathologies.

Keywords: health sciences,neurobiology,cell biology,functional biology,molecular markers and recognition,reproduction
Statistical Machine Translation Using Monolingual Corpora (MONOTRANS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2011-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207884.12
EU funding (EUR): 207884.12
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

As evidenced by a number of machine translation competitions, statistical machine translation is producing encouraging results for language pairs where large corpora of previously translated texts are available for training. However, in practice the availability of such data is often a severe bottleneck. We therefore propose a methodology that only requires a bilingual dictionary and monolingual text corpora of the source and the target language, which should considerably relieve the data acquisition problem. What we suggest is a two stage procedure. In the first step we create a database of translation equivalents by extracting them from a pair of comparable monolingual corpora using a bilingual dictionary in combination with automatically generated thesauri of related words. In the second step we translate new sentences by retrieving appropriate translation equivalents from the database and by merging them using a combinatorial approach.

Keywords: computational linguistics,corpus linguistics,statistical machine translation