Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
INTegration of EmotioNs During Decision-Making (INTENDeD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2021-03-01
End date: 2023-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 203149.44
EU funding (EUR): 203149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Emotions are often contrasted with reason. However, integration of emotional information into the decision-making processes can advantageously bias adaptive behavior selection. Miss-regulation of emotional information integration in cortical processing is a hallmark of psychiatric disorders with affect dysregulation. Our knowledge of the etiology and pathophysiology of these disorders is strongly limited by our understanding of the non-pathological neuronal circuits underlying emotional processing and makes targeted intervention methods scarce. I here propose to investigate information transfer between two hub regions involved in valence assignment to environmental stimuli and integration of this information in decision making. Gaining insight into the long-range connectivity between the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the integration of BLA information in the local mPFC circuit in mice will significantly advance our understanding of emotional processing during decision making. I hypothesize that the BLA can influence the mPFC in a valence-specific manner. To address how valence representation encoded in the BLA biases action selection in a decision-making task, I am going to train mice in a cost-benefit task and modulate valence-specific BLA projections to the mPFC. Furthermore, using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging and state-of-the art long range connectivity mapping methods, I will characterize if the BLA transmits differential valence information to specific mPFC subregions. Finally, I will investigate how valence-specific BLA information is integrated in the local mPFC circuit, using optogenetics based functional connectivity mapping methods in the acute brain slice preparation. This research will allow for the first time to achieve a circuit and cellular level mechanistic understanding of the influence of positive and negative valence coding in the BLA on mPFC processing and ultimately decision-making.

Keywords: neuronal circuits,systems neuroscience,amygdala,medial prefrontal cortex,emotion,valence,cost benefit decision making,long range connectivity,functional connectivity,rodent
Alternative life histories: linking genes to phenotypes to demography (ALH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499202.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499202.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding how and why individuals develop strikingly different life histories is a major goal in evolutionary biology. It is also a prerequisite for conserving important biodiversity within species and predicting the impacts of environmental change on populations. The aim of my study is to examine a key threshold phenotypic trait (alternative migratory tactics) in a series of large scale laboratory and field experiments, integrating several previously independent perspectives from evolutionary ecology, ecophysiology and genomics, to produce a downstream predictive model. My chosen study species, the brown trout Salmo trutta, has an extensive history of genetic and experimental work and exhibits ‘partial migration’: individuals either migrate to sea (‘sea trout’) or remain in freshwater their whole lives. Recent advances in molecular parentage assignment, quantitative genetics and genomics (next generation sequencing and bioinformatics) will allow unprecedented insight into how alternative life history phenotypes are moulded by the interaction between genes and environment. To provide additional mechanistic understanding of these processes, the balance between metabolic requirements during growth and available extrinsic resources will be investigated as the major physiological driver of migratory behaviour. Together these results will be used to develop a predictive model to explore the consequences of rapid environmental change, accounting for the effects of genetics and environment on phenotype and on population demographics. In addition to their value for conservation and management of an iconic and key species in European freshwaters and coastal seas, these results will generate novel insight into the evolution of migratory behaviour generally, providing a text book example of how alternative life histories are shaped and maintained in wild populations.
Understanding creativity and problem solving through sleep-engineering (SolutionSleep)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2023-07-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999195.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999195.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Innovative problem solving is critical for all spheres of organised endeavour, including science and industry, and thus forms the cornerstone of a successful society. Such creative thinking often requires suppression of preconceptions and restructuring of existing knowledge. Pioneering work has shown that sleep facilitates problem solving, but exactly how, and which sleep characteristics are important, remain to be determined. We know that recent experiences are replayed in sleep, and that in Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) this replay integrates new knowledge with old. The role of such replay in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep, a stage which is strongly linked to creativity, is unknown. Here, I propose a model which combines physiology, behavioural studies, and computational modelling to make testable predictions about the complimentary contributions of memory replay in REM and SWS to problem solving. I will test this model through explicit manipulation of memory replay in sleep. I will use a very recently developed technique to explicitly trigger memory replay, a pioneering method for quantifying this replay, and cutting-edge approaches for manipulation of neural oscillations during sleep. I expect two key results: first, I will uncover the principles of how memory replay in REM and SWS combines with specific neural oscillations to promote both long-term memory and creative problem solving. This will involve development of a computational model which will enable optimised experimental design, paving the way for efficient future investigation of how to enhance innovation through manipulation of sleep. Second, I will develop methods for boosting key sleep processes in a selective, targeted manner. Immediate consequences will include a translational project to facilitate everyday problem solving. My findings will revolutionist the understanding of sleep and how it impacts upon some of our most important cognitive abilities—memory and problem solving.

Keywords: sleep,memory,creativity,problem solving
Innovative Re-Design and Validation of Complex Airframe Structural Components Formed by Additive Manufacturing for Weight and Cost Reduction (AddMan)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Sweden,United Kingdom
Call: Design Guide Lines and Simulation Methods for Additive Manufactured Titanium Components (H2020-CS2-CFP03-2016-01, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2020-04-30
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 852728.75
EU funding (EUR): 852728.75
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a technology by which physical objects can be built directly from 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD) data, and is widely acknowledged as an enabler for revolutionizing the manufacturing landscape. It replaces traditional production methods like casting and machining, and enables essentially arbitrary geometric shapes to be produced. Although significant progress has been made on AM hardware development, there is a lack of efforts regarding material characterization, design tools and methods to efficiently bring AM to practical use in the aeronautical area. In particular, Topology Optimization (TO) – a finite element based design method – is an unusually evident and potentially fruitful technique for designing AM structures. However, the mechanical properties of AM components differ substantially from the properties of the same components produced by conventional methods, and AM components can have complex shapes, such as grid-like structures, that cannot be achieved by using conventional production methods. Therefore, the AddMan project deals with: • Material characterization by establishing fatigue properties and geometry dependent material behavior as well as AM specific build requirements • Development of novel TO methods, as well as CAE methods for metal AM which make use of the material properties generated in AddMan • Development of Design for AM-guidelines that are implemented in an automated knowledge based engineering framework including connection between TO and flexible parametric CAD models, to enable holistic product optimization and • Development of a cost effective post-processing strategy for AM components in order to increase fatigue performance. These developments build towards the overall aim of enabling aerospace industry to efficiently redesign and manufacture optimal system components for reduced weight and costs while meeting the prevailing stress and fatigue requirements and regulations.

Keywords: additive manufacturing,cae design,electron beam melting,fatigue performance,selective laser melting,surface improvement,topology optimization
Limit sets of discrete dynamical systems (LISEDIDYS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: Poland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2021-11-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 112219.2
EU funding (EUR): 112219.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project aims to deepen our knowledge on limit sets which will provide a better understanding of the long term behavior of a discrete dynamical system. We will investigate the topological size and structure of basins of limit sets and study the properties of statistical limit sets and limit sets of backward trajectories. We will search for a criterion allowing to decide whether a given closed invariant set is a limit set of some backward trajectory. The focus will be on the low-dimensional dynamical systems such as interval maps, maps acting on the circle, graphs, dendrites, Cantor space. We will use methods and techniques from topological dynamics and ergodic theory, including combinatorial and symbolic dynamics, shadowing, specification property, invariant measures and generic points.

Keywords: topological dynamics,discrete dynamical systems,limit set,attractor
Three-dimensional holo’omic landscapes to unveil host-microbiota interactions shaping animal production (3D-omics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Israel,Austria,Germany,Spain,Switzerland,Norway,Belgium,Norway,Finland,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Denmark
Call: Healthy terrestrial livestock microbial ecosystems for sustainable production (H2020-SFS-2020-2, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 10073540.0
EU funding (EUR): 9994415.0
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

Understanding the interplay between animals and microorganisms associated with them has been recognised as an essential step for improving animal health, welfare and production. To understand the biomolecular interactions that impact production processes, researchers are implementing novel analytical strategies based on studying host genomes, their microbial metagenomes as well as the different ‘omic layers interconnecting them. However, such information, derived from conventional DNA/RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry, does not provide any information about how the different biological elements are spatially distributed in the ecosystem. In consequence, many microbe-microbe and animal-microbe interactions remain hidden due to the lack of resolution of the employed techniques. Acknowledging the three-dimensional (3D) conformation of biomolecules, cells and tissues is now considered a key element for advancing the understanding of biomolecular interactions. In 3D’omics we will develop, optimise and, for the first time, implement this technology in animal production to generate the so-called 3D’omic landscapes, the most accurate reconstructions of intestinal host-microbiota ecosystems ever achieved. Using two terrestrial production systems, namely poultry and swine, we will analyse the effect of a myriad of factors, including animal development, diet, exposure to pathogens and management practices, in the shaping of 3D’omic landscapes. Through coupling our new technology with cutting edge analyses of animal health and performance, we will advance phenotypic variability and genetic evaluations of production animals to a new frontier. We foresee our solution will open new research avenues to improve animal breeding practices, develop microbiota- and host-tailored feeds and animal health treatments, as well as to design new management practices that will enable increasing production efficiency and animal welfare while decreasing the environmental impact.

Keywords: structural genomics,multi omics,systems biology,hologenomics,metagenomics
iSAFE Internet Safety Awareness for European primary school children (iSAFE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Europe in a changing world - inclusive, innovative and reflective societies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: New business models for inclusive, innovative and reflective societies (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 7.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

More and more children are using the internet at a younger age. The EU Better Internet for Children Strategy recognises the significant risks online to our children. The EU recognises the need for an effective education programme to highlight online risks to children and to equip children with the tools to deal with these risks effectively. However, no effective solution to this problem has been developed and according to the EU, 4 in 10 children in Europe have encountered online risk, for example cyberbullying and being exposed to user generated content promoting anorexia, self-harm, drug-taking or suicide. These risks have a significant impact on our children. The iSAFE (Internet Safety Awareness For Europe) Project will form a European co-operative to keep children safe online. iSAFEs innovative education platform will disrupt how children are educated in schools. iSAFE enables children to teach each other internet safety in a 3D world they are familiar with. Children are empowered HOW to think, as opposed to WHAT to think equipping them with the critical thinking skills necessary to protect themselves in this rapidly changing online environment. In 2021, iSAFE will have the potential to reach at least 1.54m primary school pupils per year in the EU28 states, with a profit of €1.8m, employing 44 people, with a ROI of 143%.

Keywords: peer to peer learning,co operative teaching internet safety,digital single market,online trust
Unconventional Superconductivity and Strong Electron Correlations: a Cooperative mechanism (SuperCoop)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Italy,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2022-08-28
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209686.08
EU funding (EUR): 209686.08
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The understanding of optimal conditions giving rise to high temperature superconductivity is still a crucial challenge of condensed matter theory and the last obstacle for an effective design and exploitation of superconductors. In particular, the relationship between electronic correlations and superconductivity is still a puzzle: naively expected to always be “foes”, they appear more as “friends” in high temperature superconductors, where superconductivity usually emerges either from a doped Mott insulator or from an incoherent metal characterized by strong electronic correlations. In the last decade, the appearance of iron-based superconductors triggered the development of new ideas and theoretical tools, which allow us today to originally approach and solve the puzzle of the relationship between electronic correlations and high temperature superconductivity. SuperCoop introduces and develops a scenario in which the key ingredient for superconductivity comes from a novel cooperative interplay between electronic correlations and magnetic interactions. Within SuperCoop we will develop efficient methods to describe the incoherent metallic phase of iron-based materials from which superconductivity emerges and to analyze the role of correlations effects on the pairing mediated by magnetic degrees of freedom. We will address questions that are at the forefront of the unconventional superconductivity field, including why the critical temperature of the chalcogenide systems are the highest among the iron-based materials. SuperCoop will provide the ER with the opportunity to access world-class research institutes in US and EU to follow the training program needed for the development of the project. SuperCoop will enhance the ER scientific network and strengthen the leadership skills necessary to actively promote future collaborations between the host institutions and to establish a successful career in EU as a leader in the field.

Keywords: high temperature superconductors,iron based superconductors,modeling of superconductivity,quasiparticle,spin fluctuations,multiorbital systems,hund s metal,mott physics
Neoliberal Terror: The Radicalisation of Social Policy in Europe (NeoliberalTerror)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1434362.0
EU funding (EUR): 1434362.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project is the first to systematically investigate the introduction of counterterrorism within Health and Social care across Europe. The longstanding separation of medicine and care from policing/intelligence in liberal societies has been superseded in the era of Countering Violent Extremism (CVE). This study explores the political, economic and discursive mechanisms behind this dramatic policy shift, as well as the consequences for medical ethics and society. The project makes a major research contribution by exploring the integration of counterterrorism within caregiving professions as an effect of neoliberalism, through a methodologically pluralist approach. The project also contributes to research on policy diffusion by tracing the spread of deradicalisation programs between member states and EU institutions, with special attention paid to uptake by Europe’s small states. The first stage of the project operates at the European policy level. Data analysis is performed on political, economic and social data from all member states to determine the extent to which neoliberalism affects CVE implementation. Policy diffusion dynamics are then illuminated through Critical Discourse Analysis of institutional speeches, policies, and the work of the EU's Radicalisation Awareness Network (RAN), which attempts to standardise counter-radicalisation practice in Europe. The second stage of the project explores the local implementation of counter-radicalisation in health and social care sectors of the UK; France; Norway; Finland; Croatia; and Lithuania. Interviews and site visits enable the research to investigate standardisation and variation in CVE practice within Health and Social Care. The final stage of the project embarks on participant research with persons referred to CVE programs, creating a documentary film which highlights the competing visions of care, security and medical ethics at play within European counterterrorism.

Keywords: countering violent extremism,radicalisation,neoliberalism,surveillance,medical ethics