Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Interoperability of Interactive and Hybrid TV systems - A new advanced scheme for future services and applications in a global environment (GLOBAL ITV)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: International Cooperation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,France,Switzerland,France,Spain,Spain,Spain,Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2013-EU-Brazil, 2013)
Start date: 2013-12-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 26.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1734366.0
EU funding (EUR): 1399998.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Parallel to the switchover from analog to digital Television, various interactive digital television systems have developed in various places of the world - some only recently, some already more than a decade ago. The driving idea was to offer consumers additional novative features and multimedia services. As a result of the broadcast-broadband convergence, most TV sets sold today are so-called Smart TVs or Connected TVs that support the current trend of integration of the Internet into modern television sets and set-top boxes. However, every iDTV and Smart TV system has grown on its own technologies, needs and country laws. Applications written for one system are generally not compatible with another system. The World Broadcasting Union has expressed formally (Declaration on Hybrid and Internet Television, November 2011), the advantages of a common platform, although the Union recognizes that the current situation makes very difficult the creation of such a platform by the normal market rules. The scope of GLOBAL ITV project is now to develop an interoperability scheme that allows several iDTV and Smart TV systems to work together, exchanging and using the information (be it general or personal). The ultimate aim is to lay the foundation for a global interoperable platform. Major Brazilian and European companies, organisations and research establishments have decided to join forces. The consortium is convinced to have at its disposal all means to define and showcase a reliable migration path and a coexistence scenario towards a next-generation hybrid TV platform based on established standards. The extensive experience of all partners, and the advice of the international GLOBAL ITV Council, will ensure the definition of viable solutions with direct traction on the market and a clear perspective for the future. The project matches the objectives of the Work Programme for the 2nd Coordinated Call Brazil-Europe, #4: Hybrid broadcast-broadband applications and services.

Keywords: future global hybrid broadcast broadband tv specification,ginga,hbbtv,web&tv
Developing novel therapies for systemic disorders by regulating Nitric Oxide (NO) substrates' availability (NO-DISEASE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1915555.0
EU funding (EUR): 1915555.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signalling molecule for diverse physiological and disease processes. The current paradigm of how NO production is regulated focuses at the level of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), with respect to substrate and co-factor availability and the precise spatial and temporal arrangement of protein complexes. However, the respective unique or combined genetic deficiencies of the NOS isoforms exhibit relatively modest phenotypes in mice. Moreover, approaches targeted at modulating NOS activities have not successfully translated into different disease applications. All NOS isoforms are dependent on arginine as their sole substrate and interestingly, only one enzyme in mammals argininosuccinic lyase (ASL), can generate endogenous arginine. We propose that global regulation of NO production occurs earlier at the step of regulating arginine substrate availability within the cell. Until now, regulation at the level of arginine availability has been under-appreciated since arginine is readily available from external and dietary sources, irrespective of endogenous cellular production. However, extracellular arginine levels can affect NO production even though the intracellular levels of arginine are saturated. In humans, the natural history of argininosuccinic aciduria caused by deficiency of ASL shows systemic and chronic features that reflect in part global dysregulation of NO homeostasis. This led us to discover that ASL is required for the channelling of both endogenously synthesized arginine and exogenous arginine to NOS. By challenging the existing paradigm, I hypothesize that regulating ASL would allow us to characterize the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying NO flux regulation at normal and pathological conditions, for therapeutic applications. This proposal is hence novel both in its concept but also in its approach that is based on targeting therapy for systemic disorders through regulating cellular metabolism.

Keywords: nitric oxide,arginine,metabolism,translational research,argininosuccinate lyase
Structural Household Analysis using Revealed Preferences (SHARP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, Institutions and Markets
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 851581.2
EU funding (EUR): 851581.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Household consumption (including labor supply) is usually the outcome of a complex interaction between multiple household members. Understanding this consumption behavior requires non-unitary modeling of households, which recognizes that households are not single decision units but consist of interacting individuals. This project builds a powerful toolkit for empirical analysis of household consumption through structural models of individual preferences and within-household interactions. It opens the “intrahousehold black box” while only using the (limited) consumption information observed at the aggregate household level. In particular, I develop a revealed preference methodology that is intrinsically nonparametric. This method (only) uses preference information that is directly revealed by the observed consumption choices. It avoids confounding the analysis by imposing (nonverifiable) parametric/functional structure on within-household decision processes. My main contribution is twofold: 1. At the theoretical level, I integrate marriage market dynamics into the structural modeling of household consumption. The marriage market defines the “outside options” of (adult) household members, which indirectly impacts the intrahousehold consumption allocation (e.g. through individual bargaining positions). Modeling these marriage market effects implies a better description of the intrahousehold decision process, which in turn yields a more powerful analysis of household consumption. 2. At the empirical level, I integrate revealed preference restrictions on non-unitary household consumption with nonparametric estimation of demand systems (subject to non-unitary shape restrictions on household demand). This will enhance the applicability of revealed preference methods to widely available (pooled) cross-section data sets. It also allows for addressing empirical issues such as unobserved heterogeneity across households and limited power of revealed preference restrictions.
Identifying Social-Ecological System Properties Benefiting Biodiversity and Food Security (SESYP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment, Space and Population
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1788724.0
EU funding (EUR): 1788724.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ensuring food security and halting biodiversity decline are urgent, interconnected challenges. Drawing on the natural and social sciences, I propose an interdisciplinary research agenda to address these challenges. My goal is to develop a global theory that explains which properties of social-ecological systems benefit both biodiversity conservation and food security (and which benefit one but not the other). This holistic, systems-oriented approach radically differs from existing work: The most high-profile framing at present focuses on the question how to increase agricultural yields without compromising biodiversity. By contrast, a systems-oriented approach recognizes yield as just one variable alongside others that also influence biodiversity and food security. I will use a multi-scale approach that balances the likely trade-offs between depth and generality. Using a specifically developed typology of social-ecological system properties, I will investigate rural landscapes as social-ecological systems at three levels of detail. First, drawing on expert knowledge, I will develop a global database of at least 50 relevant systems, relating general system properties to indicators of food security and biodiversity. Second, I will conduct in-depth workshops on 15-20 social-ecological systems worldwide to reveal in more detail the causal linkages between system properties, food security and biodiversity. Third, I will conduct an in-depth empirical case study on food security and biodiversity in Ethiopia. This will complement the other components by highlighting the nature of potentially important regional subtleties. My multi-scale approach effectively combines high ambition and high feasibility. SESyP will produce new tools and a holistic theory of relevance to researchers, policy makers, supra-national bodies and non-governmental organizations worldwide.

Keywords: countryside biogeography,food security,food sovereignty,landscape ecology,social-ecological systems,sustainability science
Scalable Similarity Search (SSS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer Science and Informatics
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1889711.73
EU funding (EUR): 1889711.73
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Similarity search is the task of identifying, in a collection of items, the ones that are “similar” to a given query item. This task has a range of important applications (e.g. in information retrieval, pattern recognition, statistics, and machine learning) where data sets are often big, high dimensional, and possibly noisy. State-of-the-art methods for similarity search offer only weak guarantees when faced with big data. Either the space overhead is excessive (1000s of times larger than the space for the data itself), or the work needed to report the similar items may be comparable to the work needed to go through all items (even if just a tiny fraction of the items are similar). As a result, many applications have to resort to the use of ad-hoc solutions with only weak theoretical guarantees. This proposal aims at strengthening the theoretical foundation of scalable similarity search, and developing novel practical similarity search methods backed by theory. In particular we will: - Leverage new types of embeddings that are kernelized, asymmetric, and complex-valued. - Consider statistical models of noise in data, and design similarity search data structures whose performance guarantees are phrased in statistical terms. - Build a new theory of the communication complexity of distributed, dynamic similarity search, emphasizing the communication bottleneck present in modern computing infrastructures. The objective is to produce new methods for similarity search that are: 1) Provably robust, 2) scalable to large and high-dimensional data sets, 3) substantially more resource efficient than current state-ofthe- art solutions, and 4) able to provide statistical guarantees on query answers. The study of similarity search has been an incubator for techniques (e.g. locality-sensitive hashing and random projections) that have wide-ranging applications. The new techniques developed in this project are likely to have significant impacts beyond similarity search.

Keywords: similarity search,big data,scalability,statistics,distribution awareness.
Optical dissection of cortical motor circuits (OPTOMOT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and Neural Disorders
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1997671.0
EU funding (EUR): 1997671.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The motor cortex plays a key role in learning and orchestrating fine voluntary movements, which dominate many aspects of our daily lives. Despite decades of research, considerable controversy remains over the functional organization of this forebrain area and its role in goal directed action. In this project we will combine cutting edge in vivo two-photon imaging, decoding methods and optogenetic manipulations to study different motor related circuits with single cell resolution. This approach will provide us, literally, unprecedented insights into the activity dynamics of large cortical networks during goal directed action. We expect that these experiments in rodents will not only help us understand some of the basic neuronal circuit mechanisms that govern our own actions, but they can potentially pave the way towards more targeted strategies for neuroprosthetic devices.

Keywords: motor cortex,two-photon imaging,optogenetics,brain-machine-interface,neuroprosthetics,learning,mouse behavior,forelimb
Controlling the Motion of Complex Molecules and Particles (COMOTION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1982500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1982500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of COMOTION is to enable novel experiments for the investigation of the intrinsic properties of large molecules, including biological samples like proteins, viruses, and small cells -X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled the observation of near-atomic-resolution structures in diffraction- before-destruction experiments, for instance, of isolated mimiviruses and of proteins from microscopic crystals. The goal to record molecular movies with spatial and temporal atomic-resolution (femtoseconds and picometers) of individual molecules is near. -The investigation of ultrafast, sub-femtosecond electron dynamics in small molecules is providing first results. Its extension to large molecules promises the unraveling of charge migration and energy transport in complex (bio)molecules. -Matter-wave experiments of large molecules, with currently up to some hundred atoms, are testing the limits of quantum mechanics, particle-wave duality, and coherence. These metrology experiments also allow the precise measurement of molecular properties. The principal obstacle for these and similar experiments in molecular sciences is the controlled production of samples of identical molecules in the gas phase. We will develop novel concepts and technologies for the manipulation of complex molecules, ranging from amino acids to proteins, viruses, nano-objects, and small cells: We will implement new methods to inject complex molecules into vacuum, to rapidly cool them, and to manipulate the motion of these cold gas-phase samples using combinations of external electric and electromagnetic fields. These external-field handles enable the spatial separation of molecules according to size, shape, and isomer. The generated controlled samples are ideally suited for the envisioned precision experiments. We will exploit them to record atomic-resolution molecular movies using the European XFEL, as well as to investigate the limits of quantum mechanics using matter-wave interferometry.

Keywords: cold and controlled molecules,biomolecules,diffractive imaging,free-electron laser,molecular movies,charge migration,molecular energy transport,matter-wave-interferometry,quantum mechanics
TOR and Cellular Homeostasis (TORCH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1991686.0
EU funding (EUR): 1991686.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) proteins are ser/thr kinases conserved in Eukarya. They nucleate two distinct multiprotein complexes, named TORC1 and TORC2, which regulate many, widely varying, aspects of cell and organism physiology. TOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin and derivatives, are used clinically to treat cancer, cardio-vasculature disease and to prevent organ rejection. We recently reported that both TORC1/2 are wired in feedback loops, where their downstream cellular effectors are at the same time upstream regulators. It is this feedback loop that ultimately mediates the intrinsic role of TORC1/2 in cellular homeostasis: TORC1/2 detects deviations from a steady-state condition and by means of these feedback loops returns the cell to its homeostatic situation. We propose to systematically identify the TORC1/2 homeostatic signalling loops. Subsequent characterization will focus on the signalling networks controlling intermediary metabolism. Our ultimate goal is to comprehensively unravel the TORC1/2-dependent metabolic networks composed of regulatory feedback loops which will reveal the fundamental role of the TOR Complexes as molecular devices to achieve cellular homeostasis.

Keywords: target of rapamycin,homeostasis
Mitochondria as regulators of fungal virulence (MITOFUN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and Infection
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1991629.0
EU funding (EUR): 1991629.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fungal diseases represent a significant and growing threat to human health, particularly since the AIDS pandemic and increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs has produced a massive population of people with impaired immunity who are vulnerable to fungal infections. A great challenge in medical mycology is to understand how fungal virulence evolves. The vast majority of fungal species are not human pathogens and, for those that are, virulence appears to have evolved independently on many different occasions. Identifying the step(s) that convert an environmental fungus into a human pathogen, as well as subsequent changes in virulence within a pathogenic lineage, is therefore of fundamental importance. Based on a number of lines of evidence, I hypothesise that a critical regulator of fungal virulence in animal hosts is the activity of the fungal mitochondrion, an energy-generating organelle present in almost all eukaryotes. I propose to test this hypothesis comprehensively by combining genetic and cell biological approaches with high-resolution imaging methods.

Keywords: fungal pathogen,mycology,cryptococcus,phagocyte,macrophage,mitochondria
Microfluidic bubbles for novel applications: acoustic laser and ultrasonically controlled swimming microrobots (BUBBLEBOOST)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and Processes Engineering
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1856542.0
EU funding (EUR): 1856542.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Microfluidic techniques developed since the year 2000 have now matured to provide a unique tool to produce large amounts of microbubbles that are not only finely tuned in size, but that can also be embedded in tiny microfabricated structures. In the present proposal, we plan to take advantage of these novel microfabrication techniques to develop two innovative acoustic applications. These applications, which were out of reach without current techniques, are based on the use of microbubbles with a huge acoustic resonance. The project is structured in two parts that only differ in the way bubbles are embedded in microfluidic environments: 1) Arrays of bubbles: Acoustic Laser This first part is the development of an acoustic laser, based on microbubbles trapped in a microfluidic circuit. To obtain the conditions for an acoustic laser, arrays of microbubbles will be designed so that they bubbles pulsate in phase, reemitting their energy coherently. The applications are novel systems for high ultrasonic emission power, or meta-materials that store vibration energy. 2) Mobile “armoured” bubbles: swimming micro-robots remotely powered by ultrasound The second part is the conception of ultrasonically activated microswimming devices, with microbubbles embedded within freely moving objects. Their application is to behave as carriers, such as drug carriers, activated at a distance, or to be active tracers that enhance mixing. Microswimmers are mechanical analogues to RFID devices (where electromagnetic vibration is converted into current), here sound is converted into motion at small scales. Both parts include the same three complementary steps: step 1 is the 3D microfabrication of the geometry where bubbles are embedded, step 2 is their ultrasonic activation, and then step 3 is the optimisation of their resonance by a study of individual resonators.

Keywords: acoustics,laser,swimmers,bubbles