Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Silicon-Chip Based Efficient and Scalable Quantum Processing and Production of Photons (SIBESQ)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 272443.2
EU funding (EUR): 272443.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The scheme of coherent photon conversion (CPC) promises to break with a single device the two main conceptual roadblocks of scalable photonic quantum information processing: the scalable creation of single photons and the implementation of a deterministic photon-photon interaction. This could bring the vision of efficient and scalable optical quantum computing within reach of current technology. Such a future working quantum computer would revolutionize many fields of science and technology. After the first successful demonstration of a process suitable for CPC, published last year, the challenge is to reach sufficiently high effective nonlinearities. Silicon photonics, offers several distinct advantages for enhancing the effective nonlinearity making this possible. Also, it utilizes highly mature CMOS-fabrication technology with excellent design flexibility. The core research objective of the proposal is pioneering the design, fabrication and utilization of efficient CPC-devices based on integrated micro-cavities on a silicon-chip. The outgoing hosts Profs. Gaeta and Lipson at Cornell University (USA) have a world-leading expertise in fabricating and using novel silicon integrated-optics devices. In combination with the outstanding expertise of the return host Prof. Zeilinger at the University of Vienna (Austria) in photon-based quantum computing, this is ideal for the success of this proposal. There will be extensive micro-fabrication training at the renowned Cornell Nanofabrication Facility (CNF). Moreover, the broad complementary training program allows the fellow to reach an advanced level of professional maturity, enhanced by many international collaborations. The EU will gain direct access to a frontier technology: the design and fabrication of integrated (quantum) silicon-photonic devices. Besides the quantum information-based research (an EU priority under the FET-program), it also has an immense impact in telecommunication and on-chip signal processing.

Keywords: p108 optics and quantum optics,g205 micro- and nanoelectronics - optoelectronics
Universality in the Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Strongly Correlated Quantum Systems (QUANTUM QUENCH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 144177.6
EU funding (EUR): 144177.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Compared to our understanding of equilibrium physics, the study of out of equilibrium dynamical phenomena is still in its infancy. Equilibrium systems can often be understood using mean field theory, universality and renormalisation group techniques. The situation is different away from equilibrium: there are fewer theoretical tools available, new approaches have to be developed and new organising principles have to be found. In recent years out of equilibrium systems have become the subject of intensive research. The huge interest in the issues of thermalisation was partly triggered by the enormous progress of experiments in atomic physics, quantum optics and nanoscience. The possibility of realising simple models in a controlled and tunable fashion opens up the way to explore new frontiers, including non-equilibrium dynamics. In the cold atom experiments the system is almost perfectly isolated from its environment, which allows for the study of relaxation of closed systems and coherent quantum dynamics. Understanding these matters can be relevant for future precision measurement devices and quantum computation as well as for the dynamics of the early universe or the heavy ion collisions. The question whether and how closed systems thermalise is deeply connected with the foundations of statistical physics. Does the system reach a steady state? How can this state be characterised? Is it thermal? What is the role of the size, dimensionality and integrability of the system? Most importantly, what are the universal features of the nonequilibrium dynamics? The research project aims to investigate these questions for strongly correlated quantum field theories. First individual systems will be carefully analysed using a very flexible numerical method, the Truncated Conformal Space Approach. Then the main goal is to develop a general theoretical framework, a dynamical renormalisation group that captures the universal aspects of the time evolution and the steady state.

Keywords: p117 statistical physics (gases),p115 general physics,quantum physics,quantum field theory
The origins of intensive pastoralism and the creation of cultural landscapes in North-Eastern Spain (HUMANSCAPES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cultural landscapes are defined as areas which have been largely shaped by past human activities. The correct management of cultural landscapes requires the understanding of past human-landscape interactions. Only by recreating cultural landscape histories it is possible to develop sensitive case-directed management policies which would incorporate the particular environmental and cultural character of each cultural landscape. This project aims to analyse the origins of transhumant pastoralism in NE Spain in order to provide insights into the construction of anthropogenic landscapes. Its significance lies on the fact that the results will be incorporated into environmental policies for the management of mountainous landscapes that will be based on a thorough understanding of the local area. Previous research in the Pyrenees indicated the absence of transhumance prior to the medieval period. For this project a lower altitude study area was chosen, the Garraf massif, according to a preliminary survey that identified various Iron Age enclosures typical of transhumant practices. Multidisciplinary techniques are employed to establish the precise dating of pastoral activities in the area and investigate the function of the enclosures. The results will be used to assess the scale and the relationship of transhumance to the development of trade and urbanisation as well as its impact on the landscape.

Keywords: v101 environment and sustainability,v104 geographical information systems - cartography,v106 spatial and regional planning,s105 ethnography,s401 archaeology - archaeometry - landscape archaeology
Innovative Form and Historical Conflicts in the Modern Novel (IFHCMN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-02
End date: 2016-09-01
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 265736.7
EU funding (EUR): 265736.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My project seeks to study the ways in which historical conflicts are introduced into the fictions by way of innovative narrative technique that achieves to present the contemporary political debates and events in all its complexity. This project is developed in two work packages. Firstly, my main book project “Narrative reliability, racial conflicts, and ideology in the Modern Novel” responds to our need of a study on the relation between racial conflicts and narrative form. It compares canonical works by Melville, Conrad, Johnson, Faulkner, Carpentier, and Camus, and it illuminates the strong effects that the exploration of narrative reliability has in the exposition of a complex and often ambivalent presentation of documented contemporary local debates about racial distinction, policies, and conflicts. On the same direction, my second work-package consists of a book entitled “Juan Benet in conversation,” which attempts to see how this understudied Spanish author introduces Spanish historical conflicts experimenting with form in a continuous dialogue with authors such as Melville, Conrad, Faulkner, Kafka, and Pío Baroja. Together, these work packages would significantly help integrate the results obtained in the last few decades by the Cultural Studies approach to literature with those achieved by the Theory of Narrative, thereby contributing to move forward with the new questions raised today in literary criticism. The first objective of this project is to gain a full specialization on Comparative literature by widening the scope of my dissertation and introducing my European and Spanish educational background in my research. Secondly, I want to expand my knowledge and competitiveness on the Spanish 20th century novel. Thirdly, I aim at gaining maturity as a researcher through the sponsorship of very relevant specialists on the field, professors Martin Puchner and Nora Catelli, and their institutions, Harvard University and the Universitat de Barcelona.

Keywords: soc modern novel,political conflicts,racial conflicts,narrative theory,20th century literature,modernism,postcolonial studies,stereotypes,narrative reliability,juan benet
Tropical Rainforest-Atmosphere iNteractionS: Achieving a Coupled CLoud-Aerosol Interactions Model (TRANS-ACCLAIM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 206350.8
EU funding (EUR): 206350.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of this project is to characterize the amount of atmospheric aerosol particles formed, transported and deposited within deep convective clouds over the Amazon. In addition, we will quantify the impact of perturbations to the natural aerosol population on deep convective cloud properties. The European Union has in its 7th research framework program (FP7) recognized the need for increasing our knowledge of the interactions between the climate, biosphere, ecosystems and human activities. Aerosol-cloud interaction has also been identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as a key uncertainty in our current understanding of the climate system. Aerosol composition in the tropical environment is dominated by carbonaceous compounds. The sources of these compounds vary throughout the year, from oxidative processing of biogenic volatile organic gases during the clean, wet season to direct injection of biomass burning aerosols and organic gases in the polluted, dry season. By combining the experienced researcher’s in-depth knowledge of organic aerosol modeling with the aerosol and cloud expertise available in the host environment, we will develop the first cloud-resolving model to explicitly account for in-cloud organic aerosol formation, growth, and removal. The model will be able to simulate in detail the dynamical and microphysical evolution of a deep convective cloud, as well as the two-way interaction between the cloud and the atmospheric aerosol population. Using the new tool, together with upcoming and available in-situ measurements from different aircraft campaigns over the Amazon, we will increase the knowledge regarding the issues pointed out by FP7 and IPCC. We will also improve the description of aerosol-cloud interaction processes in large-scale air pollution and climate models.

Keywords: v201 atmospheric chemistry - air pollution,v201 meteorology - atmospheric physics and dynamics,v201 climatology and climate change
Dynamics, genomics and functional significance of uncultured marine Stramenopiles (DYGEMAST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Most of the biodiversity in oceans is constituted by microbes which dominate the biomass and have key roles in ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling. Recent culture-independent studies of marine planktonic protists have unveiled a large diversity at all phylogenetic scale, notably among the heterotrophic microeukaryotes compartment (2-5 µm cell size), and the existence of novel groups. Among these novel uncultured lineages, Marine Stramenopiles groups (MASTs) are essentially composed of small flagellated eukaryotes (<3 µm) widely distributed in marine systems. These flagellated organisms are recognized to play essential roles for the functioning of marine ecosystems as they channel large amounts of organic carbon to the upper trophic levels and control the population sizes of bacteria and archaea. During the last decade, the microbial diversity and the distribution of the twelve lineages which composed this new stramenopiles are already started, however, little information on their quantitative importance and activity in ecosystems functioning are already acquired. Here, we proposed to i) evaluate the dynamics of the diversity and abundance of these uncultured flagellates in marine environments and ii) investigate their ecological significance in oceans through the study of their grazing activity and the analysis of their general genomic structure. In this proposal, the dynamics, genomics and role of six constitutive lineages of these stramenopiles (MAST-1, -2, -3, -4, -7 and -8) will be studied by the use of new state-of-art techniques (i.e. 454- and Illumina pyrosequencing, Whole Genome Amplification after flow cytometry cell-sorting) and several standard ones (i.e. grazing experiments, TSA-FISH), applied together on an unique set of environmental samples from a circumglobal navigation providing samples with a wide geographical coverage and from a temporal survey based on a coastal oligotrophic station.

Keywords: marine biodiversity. aquatic and microbial ecology. dynamics. comparative genomics. functional diversity. marine ecosystems (climate change).
Adolescent age estimation from magnetic resonance images (YOUTH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-02
End date: 2015-05-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 179137.2
EU funding (EUR): 179137.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ability to assign accurate age estimates to living individuals and human remains has become an important element of forensic practice, due to increasing demands of the legal system in criminal prosecutions, and, increasingly important, determination of refugee status of asylum seekers. Bone age estimation (BAE) from medical images of the dentition and skeleton provides means for objective and reliable age estimation. Established in forensic practice, BAE in two-dimensional (2D) x-ray images is a challenging task due to the projective nature of radiographic images and lack of reference standard for a particular population. Moreover, although exposure to ionizing radiation during x-ray scans is not likely to cause immediate harm, it does add to the total lifetime dose of radiation received by the individual. The use of ionizing radiation without medical or criminal indication is therefore not permitted in many countries, and either way leads to ethical questions. On the other hand, three dimensional (3D) MR imaging provides means for comprehensive measurements of bones and cartilage, without the use of ionizing radiation. This may lead to more reliable and more precise BAE compared to evaluations based on 2D radiographs. The primary aim of the proposed project is to design and implement a software tool for automated age estimation based on the hand bones, clavicle and wisdom teeth in 3D MR images. By using the developed software, we will 1) investigate all of the information currently used for forensic age estimation of the same individuals, and get an insight into developmental differences between the hand bones, clavicle and wisdom teeth descriptors; 2) determine statistically relevant reference values for central Europeans of ages between 13 and 26 years. The project is expected to have a high social and economic impact by providing a novel completely non-invasive and automated method, which could become a new “gold standard” in age estimation of adolescents.

Keywords: g314 medical engineering and technology,g104 graphics and image processing,l701 medical engineering and technology,l702 diagnostic tools,s106 globalization - migration - interethnic relations
Effects of atrial fibrillation on the distribution and frequency of spontaneous calcium release events in human atrial myocytes (AF IN HUMAN MYOCYTES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-02
End date: 2015-04-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and currently there are no efficient treatments. The host laboratory has linked AF to abnormal Ca2+ handling by increased spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release in human atrial myocytes (HAMs), and that an underlying mechanism is an increased expression and activation of A2A receptors. We hypothesize that the spatial distribution and frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ releases are altered in myocytes from patients with AF because of changes in the activity and distribution of the SR Ca2+ release channel (RyR2) or in proteins that modulate its activity. Then, the project has four aims: Spatial remodelling of spontaneous Ca2+ release in AF; Distribution of proteins that modulate RyR2 activity in AF; Role of adenosine receptor heteromerization in AF; and Adenosine receptor-mediated modulation of the electrical signal. To do that we shall use: Fast confocal to determine if AF is associated with changes in the spatial distribution of spontaneous Ca2+ release sites; Immunofluorescent labeling, confocal and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) to detect spatial changes in the RyR2distribution; Westernblot, IP and bimolecular fluorescence complementation to determine expression and heteromerization of A1-A2A in HAMs from patients with and without AF; and the effects of adenosine receptor heteromerization on [Ca2+]i handling shall be visualized in cultured atrial HL-1 myocytes using bimolecular fluorescent complementation and fast confocal simultaneously. Patch-clamp shall be used to quantify corresponding changes in ICa,L, Ca2+ content of the SR and frequency of spontaneous INCX. This study will allows us the identification of changes in the distribution of RyR2 or proteins that modulate its activity as a novel mechanism that potentiates the arrhythmogenic effect of spontaneous Ca2+ release and to elucidate the role of A1-A2A receptor heterodimers to abnormal Ca2+ handling in patients with AF.

Keywords: atrial fibrillation,human atrial myocytes,e-c coupling,calcium handling,spontaneous sr calcium release
AUDITORY-MOTOR PATTERNING OF MUSIC PERFORMANCE VIA MULTI-MODAL ANALYSIS OF PLAYING TECHNIQUE (MUSMAP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221191.5
EU funding (EUR): 221191.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

MUSMAP develops research on the topic of auditory-motor interaction, using music performance as a case study. The project will address methodological and technological challenges in the development of multi-modal data acquisition and analysis methods for the construction of auditory-motor patterning schemes, with the aim of modelling instrumental playing technique from a computational perspective. Violin performance, which involves time-continuous feedback adaptations through tightly-coupled action-perception interaction, represents a rich and underexplored case study. The research to be pursued in MUSMAP is divided into three main parts: (1) To utilize multi-modal data acquisition and analysis methods to develop and validate auditory-motor pattern representation models by creating and systematically studying an extensive set of violin performance multi-modal recordings of trained musicians. (2) To apply auditory-motor pattern representations to design a system for automatic control of violin sound synthesis presenting a closed-loop, feed-forward architecture by which a motor sequencing component is updated in response to perceptual features of synthesized sound. Beyond its interest as a promising technology for upcoming computer-aided music production frameworks, the system represents an ideal test bed for validating the auditory-motor representation models developed as part of objective (1). (3) To apply auditory-motor pattern representations to develop novel, high-quality sound processing technologies through which meaningful audio perceptual attribute manipulations are driven by motor primitives, enabling auditory-motor remapping of recorded or real-time violin performances. In collaboration with top-class institutions specialized in cognitive neuroscience aspects of sensory-motor interaction, developed technologies will be used to propose and execute novel experiments involving the manipulation of a musician’s auditory experience when performing and listening.

Keywords: g105 human computer interaction and interface,l508 behavioral neuroscience,g204 systems engineering - sensorics - actorics - automation,l507 cognition,g112 multimedia