Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Expression regulatory networks: beyond promoters and transcription control (ERNBPTC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1320000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1320000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Gene expression in living cells is a most intricate molecular process, occurring in stages, each of which is regulated by a diversity of mechanisms. Among the various stages leading to gene expression, only transcription is relatively well understood, thanks to Genomics and bioinformatics. In contrast to the vast amounts of genome-wide data and a growing understanding of the structure of networks controlling transcription, we still lack quantitative, genome-wide knowledge of the mechanisms underlying regulation of mRNA degradation and translation. Among the unknowns are the identity of the regulators, their kinetic modes of action, and their means of interaction with the sequence features that make-up their targets; how these target combine to produce a higher level "grammar" is also unknown. An important part of the project is dedicated to generating genome-wide experimental data that will form the basis for quantitative and more comprehensive analysis of gene expression. Specifically, the primary objectives of our proposed research plan are: 1) to advance our understanding of the transcriptome, by deciphering the code regulating mRNA decay 2) to break the code which controls protein translation efficiency 3) to understand how mRNA degradation and translation efficiency determine noise in protein expression levels. The proposed strategy is based on an innovative combination of computational prediction, synthetic gene design, and genome-wide data acquisition, all culminating in extensive data analysis, mathematical modeling and focused experiments. This highly challenging, multidisciplinary project is likely to greatly enhance our knowledge of the various modes by which organisms regulate expression of their genomes, how these regulatory mechanisms are interrelated, how they generate precise response to environmental challenges and how they have evolved over time.

Keywords: translation,regulation,mrna decay,expression
Britons and their Pasts (BATP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 50000.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project builds upon international research exploring the ways people connect with the past, for example through family history, hobbies or visits to museums. Based upon a series of national surveys, this previous research showed that family history and museums were identified as the most trusted forms of historical information. However, the methodologies employed in the national surveys limited the extent to which researchers could discover what information about the past participants were receiving from these trusted sources, or the uses to which this information was being put by individuals. Through a random sample of thirty-six in-depth oral history interviews, across three generational cohorts, this project will investigate the ways in which family histories, museum exhibitions and audio-visual media frame popular understandings of the past. The construction of family history in memory, and the role family narrative plays in shaping the individual’s ‘historical consciousness’ - the ways in which the past, present and future are cognitively and symbolically linked - will be a major focus of the project. In a context where history is an integral component of contemporary political debates but adults recall their alienation from history as a subject at school, the wider questions that animate this study are relevant and timely. To what extent do family counter-narratives shape historical consciousness among the population at large, and what role do these counter narratives play in contemporary political perspectives? And secondly, is it possible to build a more participatory historical culture than exists at present, one that attracts popular interest while engaging with the past in a critical and constructive way? This research is intended as a pilot project for a larger national survey and oral history of historical consciousness

Keywords: humanities,oral history,memory,narrative,family,historical consciousness,public history,museums,audio-visual media
Exploring the glycosylation process during infection (INFECTION GLYCOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden,Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-21
End date: 2012-05-09
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Cellular Glycosylation is a finely tuned process that is very suscpetible in changes due to environmental stimuli. We have preliminary data showing that intestinal infections in mice and rats are capable in changing the glycosylation profile of intestinal glycoproteins. We speculate that this could be due to a translational regulation of glycosyltransferases. Hence, we would like to use RT-PCR and quantiative proteomic to identify specific glycosyltransferases affected by the infection cycle.

Keywords: health sciences
Neural and behavioral correlates of ‘seeing’ without visual input using auditory-to-visual sensory substitution in blind and sighted: a combined fMRI-TMS study. (SEEING WITH SOUNDS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-01
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In sensory substitution devices (SSDs), visual information captured by an artificial receptor is delivered to the brain using non-visual information via a human-machine interface. SSDs have the potential to play a major role in the adaptation to blindness. The first aim of this proposal will be to develop better training and behavioral paradigm to improve the use of SSDs for object recognition and localization (see Amedi et al. Nature Neuroscience 2007). SSDs can also prove extremely useful in serving as a unique tool to study human cognition by studying the neural correlated associated the use of sensory substitution for various cognitive functions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (see Amedi et al. 2007). Combining fMRI with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) can help adding relevant causally and chronometry information. Both methodologies will play an important part achieving this central aim of the proposal targeting open issues in object recognition, object localization, sensory perception, cross-modal interactions and brain plasticity. Finally, SSDs can also play a potential role in ‘guiding’ the visual cortex to ‘read’ and interpret the visual information arriving from a retinal prosthesis in the blind as we have recently suggested (Merabet et. al 2005). This preliminary line of work will be conducted together with Harvard’s center for non-invasive brain stimulation in US (my post-doc hub). Taken together this proposal also closely matches the two main objectives of the Commission as presented in the Marie Curie reintegration action: 1. in “reversing the effects of the European brain drain to third countries”. 2. In the development of lasting co-operation with the scientific environment of a third country. To conclude the proposal have both crucial basic research outcomes and potential rehabilitation outcomes with practical significance for the quality of life blind people worldwide.

Keywords: brain plasticity,object recognition,sensory substitution,multisensory integration,functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri),transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms),vision,touch,audition.
3D organization of yeast MAP-kinase modules (MAPK MODULES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Eukaryotic cells contain myriad signaling pathways used to transmit information from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Given the large number of pathways in a cell, how is it that a given stimulus leads to a precise response? This problem is particularly acute in kinase pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, which often share common protein components. Over the last decade, however, a paradigm that has emerged is that signaling pathway specificity can be mediated, in part, by scaffolding proteins that bind pathway members and restrict them to act only on one another. In yeast, as well as in mammals, several scaffold proteins for MAP-kinase cascades have been identified. These scaffolds allow one or more common kinases to function in distinct signaling pathways without improper cross-talk. However, very little is known about the mechanism by which these scaffold molecules physically control transmission of signaling information. We therefore plan to determine the three-dimensional structures of MAP-kinase modules of the yeast mating and high osmolarity response pathways, which are organized by two non-related scaffold proteins: Ste5 and Pbs2. The components (four kinases and two scaffold proteins) will be expressed as recombinant proteins and the complex reconstituted in vitro. We will use a multifaceted approach with the following specific aims: (1) to determine the structure of the reconstituted Ste5 and Pbs2 scaffolded complex by X-ray crystallography or electron cryomicroscopy and (2) to identify well-ordered fragments of the scaffolds that interact with individual member kinases to determine the structure of informative sub-complexes by X-ray crystallography.

Keywords: natural sciences,biological sciences,biology,structural biology
Promote, mobilize, reinforce and integrate wireless sensor networking research and researchers: Towards pervasive networking of WBC and the EU (PROSENSE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: Brokerage facility for partners search
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Ireland,North Macedonia,France,United Kingdom,Poland,Greece,Serbia,Slovenia
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-3, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-08-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1177382.22
EU funding (EUR): 900000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The main objectives of the project are improving, building, fostering and disseminating the wireless sensor networking (WSN) expertise in the WBC region. The human and infrastructure research capabilities of two WBC research centres (Skopje and Belgrade) will be improved to enable them to drive WSN research in the region and actively collaborate with research institutions from the EU. A sustainable cooperation framework that will support continuous collaboration of research institutions in WBC and the EU will be built through a two-way exchange of researchers, students, knowledge and know-how and joint research and educational actions. The fostering relates to the promotion of WSN research on the research and educational agendas of the WBC institutions and influencing national government bodies to support WSN research as an area of strategic interest. Finally, the dissemination targets the distribution of the economic and social benefits of potential key applications for the region and identifying newly accessible market niches to generate interest and opportunities for the local WBC industry and particularly SMEs. The main course of action is to leverage already achieved results and continue building established relationship between the WBC and the EU researchers on a larger scale through collaboration on selected use cases (personal health monitoring and emergency/disaster recovery) and active and organized exchange of researchers, scientific know-how and RTD results relying on expertise of the EU&apos;s convergence region and Member States partners. The consortium consists of highly skilled and competent WSN researchers from the EU institutions. A portion of the EU part of the consortium consists of people originating from the WBC. The project is also supported by six highly regarded world WSN experts who will take active part in project events.

Keywords: wireless sensor networking,pervasive networking,smart environment,ad-hoc networks
Plasticity of the Empathic Brain: Structural and Functional MRI Studies on the Effect of Empathy Training on the Human Brain and Prosocial Behaviour (EMPATHICBRAIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Germany,Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499821.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499821.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Social neuroscientists study the neural mechanisms underlying our capacity to understand our own and other people’s feelings. Despite neuroscientists’ advances in plasticity research and empathy research, little is known about cortical and behavioural plasticity in emotion understanding and empathy. Clearly, in today’s world, acquiring the capacity to effectively enhance empathy and prosocial behaviour is of the utmost importance. In the present project, we will investigate the malleability of empathy via training. We will adopt a multimethod and interdisciplinary approach, combining techniques and paradigms from the fields of neuroscience, (bio-)psychology, and economics. Studies 1-3 will provide a cross-sectional look at structural and functional differences in the brains of individuals scoring high vs. low on empathy, of those with pathological deficits in empathy (psychopaths, alexithymics), and of individuals starting vs. finishing a three-year training program in Carl Rogers’ person-centred therapy, which aims to increase emotional capacity and empathy. Study 4 will examine brain plasticity using real-time fMRI: Participants will learn to self-regulate brain activity through the use of immediate feedback from emotion-related brain areas while practicing certain mental techniques. In Study 5, a small-scale longitudinal study, healthy individuals will receive extensive training by professional instructors in either empathy- or memory-enhancing techniques previously developed in the East and the West. We will measure training-related changes in brain structure and functioning, in hormone levels, and in behaviour. Evidence for emotional brain plasticity in adults and children would not only have important implications for the implementation of scientifically validated, effective training programs for schools and for economic and political organizations, but also for the treatment of the marked social deficits in autistic and psychopathic populations.

Keywords: empathy,interoception,plasticity,mental training,vbm,rt-fmri,prosocial behavior,well-being,game theory
Adipocyte Differentiation and Metabolic Functions in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (ADIPODIF)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1607105.0
EU funding (EUR): 1607105.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Obesity associated disorders such as T2D, hypertension and CVD, commonly referred to as the “metabolic syndrome”, are prevalent diseases of industrialized societies. Deranged adipose tissue proliferation and differentiation contribute significantly to the development of these metabolic disorders. Comparatively little however is known, about how these processes influence the development of metabolic disorders. Using a multidisciplinary approach, I plan to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying the altered adipocyte differentiation and maturation in different models of obesity associated metabolic disorders. Special emphasis will be given to the analysis of gene expression, postranslational modifications and lipid molecular species composition. To achieve this goal, I am establishing several novel methods to isolate pure primary preadipocytes including a new animal model that will allow me to monitor preadipocytes, in vivo and track their cellular fate in the context of a complete organism. These systems will allow, for the first time to study preadipocyte biology, in an in vivo setting. By monitoring preadipocyte differentiation in vivo, I will also be able to answer the key questions regarding the development of preadipocytes and examine signals that induce or inhibit their differentiation. Using transplantation techniques, I will elucidate the genetic and environmental contributions to the progression of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. Furthermore, these studies will integrate a lipidomics approach to systematically analyze lipid molecular species composition in different models of metabolic disorders. My studies will provide new insights into the mechanisms and dynamics underlying adipocyte differentiation and maturation, and relate them to metabolic disorders. Detailed knowledge of these mechanisms will facilitate development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.

Keywords: adipocyte differentiation,preadipocyte,obesity,type 2 diabetes,lipidomics
numerical geometric abstraction : from bits to equations (GOODSHAPE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

3D geometric objects play a central role in many industrial processes (modeling, scientific visualisation, numerical simulation). However, since the raw output of acquisition mechanisms cannot be used directly in these processes, converting a real object into its numerical counterpart still involves a great deal of user intervention. Geometry Processing is a recently emerged, highly competitive scientific domain that studies this type of problems. The author of this proposal contributed to this domain at its origin, and developped several parameterization algorithms, that construct a "geometric coordinate system" attached to the object. This facilitates converting from one representation to another. For instance, it is possible to convert a mesh model into a piecewise bi-cubic surface (much easier to manipulate in Computer Aided Design packages). In a certain sense, this retreives an "equation" of the geometry. One can also say that this constructs an *abstraction* of the geometry. Once the geometry is abstracted, re-instancing it into alternative representations is made easier. In this project, we propose to attack the problem from a new angle, and climb one more level of abstraction. In more general terms, a geometric coordinates system corresponds to a *function basis*. Thus, we consider the more general problem of constructing a *dynamic function basis* attached to the object. This abstract forms makes the meaningful parameters appear, and provides the user with new "knobs" to interact with the geometry. The formalism that we use combines aspects from finite element modeling, differential geometry, spectral geometry, topology and numerical optimization. We plan to develop applications for processing and optimimizing the representation of both static 3D objets, animated 3D objets, images and videos.

Keywords: geometry processing,mesh parameterization,dynamic function bases,eigenfunctions,pde
The slowest accreting neutron stars and black holes: New ways to probe fundamental physics (EXTREMEPHYSICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Very recently, a new class of sub-luminous accreting neutron stars and black holes has been identified. I propose to use these objects to probe the extreme physical processes which are associated with such compact stars. Just as with their better known brighter cousins, studying them when they are actively accreting and when they are in their quiescent states will give us clues about the behavior of ultra-dense matter in neutron stars and the way neutron-star magnetic fields decay due to the accretion of matter. However, given that these new systems behave differently, I expect to derive from their study a novel perspective which will gain in value even further when contrasted with our current knowledge. I further believe their study will allow me to significantly strengthen the observational proof for the presence of event horizons in black holes. The uncommon nature of these systems suggests that they are very unusual outcomes of binary evolution, and I expect this will also provide us with a different set of clues than we have had until now about the formation of binaries which harbor compact stars. These objects have only recently been discovered, both because we did not have the sensitivity to see them, and because we did not know how to optimize our searches to find them. Current instruments finally have reached the necessary sensitivity. I propose new approaches to find and study these sub-luminous systems using these X-ray and radio instruments in combination with multi-wavelength studies. I expect to find these systems in greater numbers than before, allowing systematic studies of their properties which in turn will provide the ingredients needed to investigate the fundamental physics associated with neutron stars and black holes and serve as input for my proposed theoretical study into binary evolution.

Keywords: x-ray binaries,neutron stars,black holes