Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Limitations, Estimation, Adaptivity, Reinforcement and Networks in System Identification (LEARN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Sweden,Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The objective with this proposal is to provide design tools and algorithms for model management in robust, adaptive and autonomous engineering systems. The increasing demands on reliable models for systems of ever greater complexity have pointed to several insufficiencies in today's techniques for model construction. The proposal addresses key areas where new ideas are required. Modeling a central issue in many scientific fields. System Identification is the term used in the Automatic Control Community for the area of building mathematical models of dynamical systems from observed input and output signals, but several other research communities work with the same problem under different names, such as (data-driven) learning. We have identified five specific themes where progress is both acutely needed and feasible: 1. Encounters with Convex Programming Techniques: How to capitalize on the remarkable recent progress in convex and semidefinite programming to obtain efficient, robust and reliable algorithmic solutions. 2. Fundamental Limitations: To develop and elucidate what are the limits of model accuracy, regardless of the modeling method. This can be seen as a theory rooted in the Cramer-Rao inequality in the spirit of invariance results and lower bounds characterizing, e.g., Information Theory. 3. Experiment Design and Reinforcement Techniques: Study how well tailored and ``cheap'' experiments can extract essential information about isolated model properties. Also study how such methods may relate to general reinforcement techniques. 4. Potentials of Non-parametric Models: How to incorporate and adjust techniques from adjacent research communities, e.g. concerning manifold learning and Gaussian Processes in machine learning. 5. Managing Structural Constraints: To develop structure preserving identification methods for networked and decentralized systems. We have ideas how to approach each of these themes, and initial attempts are promising.

Keywords: system identfication,estimation,experiment design
Information and Randomness in Quantum Theory (IRQUAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Spain,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1440119.0
EU funding (EUR): 1440119.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum information science is one of the most dynamic and exciting areas of science today, its significance ranging from the ultimate physical limits of information processing, to fundamental issues of quantum mechanics, to new mathematics and prospects of realising novel, enhanced computation and communication technologies. Drawing on ideas from physics, mathematics and computer science, one of the core programmes of this highly interdisciplinary field is to understand and harness quantum mechanics in terms of information theory. Past steps in this programme include Shor's quantum factoring algorithm, quantum cryptography, and the creation of quantum Shannon and entanglement theory. Dramatic recent developments, while opening up exciting new avenues, at the same time pose major challenges: the proof that quantum capacities can be non-additive showed that the landscape of quantum Shannon theory is actually much richer than previously envisaged; the information theory of generalized non-locality pointed out a completely new take on the foundations of quantum mechanics; and mathematical tools such as the probabilistic method have had a major impact across the board from entanglement theory to quantum Shannon theory and statistical mechanics. In the proposed research I will address key current open questions in quantum Shannon theory, including long-standing coding problems, and a deeper understanding of the pervasive non-additivity of quantum capacities; develop probabilistic tools directly related to quantum information; find new entropy inequalities and entropic uncertainty relations; characterise entanglement and non-local correlations in information theoretic terms; and realise an ambitious programme of founding statistical mechanics on generic quantum dynamics.

Keywords: quantum information theory
Symmetries and Dualities in Gravity and M-theory (SYDUGRAM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1511556.2
EU funding (EUR): 1511556.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Despite its considerable success, Einstein theory of gravity is an unfinished revolution: it has limitations both at the microscopic scales and at the macroscopic scales. The objective of this proposal is to provide a better understanding of the gravitational interaction beyond Einstein. This will be done by analyzing, with the aim of identifying it, the symmetry structure underlying the searched-for fundamental formulation of gravity, relying on and exploring further the intriguing and fascinating infinite-dimensional algebras uncovered recently in the study of supergravities and M-theory. One of the motivations of the project is to make progress in the development of quantum gravity, with the goal of providing new insight into black holes and cosmological singularities.

Keywords: einstein theory of gravity,supergravity,string theory,cosmological singularities,black holes
Non-Rigid Shape Reconstruction and Deformation Analysis (NORDIA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2121295.0
EU funding (EUR): 2121295.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Deformable and non-rigid objects, both natural and artificial, surround us at all scales from nano to macro, and play an important role in many applications ranging from medical image analysis to robotics and gaming. Such applications require the ability to acquire, reconstruct, analyze, and synthesize non-rigid three-dimensional shapes. These procedures pose challenging problems both theoretically and practically due to the vast number of degrees of freedom involved in non-rigid deformations. While modelling and analysis of non-rigid shapes has greatly advanced in the past decade, existing solutions are largely based on parametric models restricting the objects of interest to a narrow class of similar shapes. Broadly speaking, reconstruction, analysis, and synthesis of arbitrary deformable shapes remain unsolved problems, a practical solution of which would be a major milestone in computer vision and related fields. This proposal aims at answering these fundamental questions by adopting tools from modern metric geometry, a field of theoretical mathematics which in the past few decades has undergone a series of revolutions that remained largely unnoticed and unused in applied sciences. We believe that metric geometry tools could systematically answer these questions, and, coupled with modern numerical optimization techniques and novel hardware architectures, pave the computational way to the next generation in deformable shape analysis. We plan to develop such numerical tools while demonstrating their efficiency on several challenging real-life applications such as surgery prediction and planning, biometry, and computer-aided diagnosis.

Keywords: shape reconstruction,metric geometry,non-rigid shapes
Exploring the physics of 3-dimensional topological insulators (3-TOP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2419590.0
EU funding (EUR): 2419590.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Topological insulators constitute a novel class of materials where the topological details of the bulk band structure induce a robust surface state on the edges of the material. While transport data for 2-dimensional topological insulators have recently become available, experiments on their 3-dimensional counterparts are mainly limited to photoelectron spectroscopy. At the same time, a plethora of interesting novel physical phenomena have been predicted to occur in such systems. In this proposal, we sketch an approach to tackle the transport and magnetic properties of the surface states in these materials. This starts with high quality layer growth, using molecular beam epitaxy, of bulk layers of HgTe, Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, which are the prime candidates to show the novel physics expected in this field. The existence of the relevant surface states will be assessed spectroscopically, but from there on research will focus on fabricating and characterizing nanostructures designed to elucidate the transport and magnetic properties of the topological surfaces using electrical, optical and scanning probe techniques. Apart from a general characterization of the Dirac band structure of the surface states, research will focus on the predicted magnetic monopole-like response of the system to an electrical test charge. In addition, much effort will be devoted to contacting the surface state with superconducting and magnetic top layers, with the final aim of demonstrating Majorana fermion behavior. As a final benefit, growth of thin high quality thin Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3 layers could allow for a demonstration of the (2-dimensional) quantum spin Hall effect at room temperature - offering a road map to dissipation-less transport for the semiconductor industry.

Keywords: topological insulators,spin-orbit effects.
Interdisciplinary research: Connecting complex plasmas with colloidal dispersions (INTERCOCOS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2119800.0
EU funding (EUR): 2119800.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal represents the first concerted effort to study classical strongly coupled systems at the most fundamental individual-particle level, by using complementary approaches from different physics domains - complex plasmas and colloidal dispersions. These are complementary in many ways, the most important being that complex plasmas are virtually undamped at the particle timescales, whereas colloidal dispersions are overdamped and thus can be brought into equilibrium in a controlled way. Otherwise, both fields have similar advantages: Fully resolved 3D particle trajectories can easily be visualized, the pair interactions are tunable, and particles can be manipulated individually or collectively. The principal scientific aim is to study generic dynamical and self-organization processes at a detail not possible in the past. Scientific objectives include 1) particle dynamics of liquids, with the emphasis on mesoscopic processes in the supercooled state, e.g. dynamical heterogeneity, 2) phase transitions in solids, with particular attention on the evolutionary paths of crystal structure development and defect dynamics, 3) non-equilibrium phase transitions, with the focus on lane formation in driven binary systems and the dynamics at “atomistic” timescales, 4) phase separation in binary fluids, with the emphasis on the role of pair interactions in the demixing kinetics, as well as in the transition between spinodal decomposition and nucleation and growth regimes, 5) hydrodynamics at the discreteness limit, especially the onset and development of hydrodynamic instabilities at the particle scale, and 6) critical phenomena in particle systems with “designed” pair interactions, where the range and strength of attractive/repulsive parts can be tuned by external fields.

Keywords: complex plasmas,colloids,liquids and solids in non-equilibrium,phase transitions,fluid demixing
Functional Biosupramolecular Systems: Photosystems and Sensors (FUBSSY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1906200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1906200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The general objective of this proposal is to discover access to ordered, soft and smart matter for use in materials sciences (e.g. molecular optoelectronics, organic solar cells), biology, medicine and chemistry. Specific aim 1 focuses on two complementary approaches (zipper assembly; self-organizing surface-initiated polymerization, SOSIP) to build artificial photosystems on solid surfaces, including supramolecular n/p-heterojunctions with oriented multicolor antiparallel redox gradients (“OMARG-SHJs”). Specific aim 2 is to create sensing systems in lipid bilayers that operate by pattern recognition with polyion/counterion complexes, and to apply the lessons learned to several interconnected topics (diagnostics, fluorescent membrane/nitrate probes, cellular uptake, organocatalysis with anion-À interactions). To address these challenges, crossfertilization at the interface of synthetic, supramolecular, biological and materials chemistry will be essential. To produce the broad horizons needed for crossfertilization, projects on different topics are run in parallel. The proposed approach builds in general on the distinguishing expertise of the (organic) chemist to create new matter, i.e., multistep organic synthesis. To identify significant, that is responsive or “smart” systems, the invention of functional feedback loops will be emphasized. Success with aim 1 will provide general solutions to key problems (OMARG-SHJs, SOSIP) and thus lead to broad applications (including high-efficiency organic photovoltaics and dye-sensitized solar cells). Success with aim 2 will afford synthetic sensing systems that operate, closer than ever, like the membrane-based mammalian olfactory and gustatory systems and open new approaches to crossdisciplinary topics as specified above.

Keywords: functional supramolecular systems,molecular optoelectronics,organic solar cells,photosystems,pores,sensors,ion channels,nanoarchitectonics,organic synthesis
Green & Innovative Lubrication Devices (GILD)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 624248.0
EU funding (EUR): 468186.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal answers to the Clean Sky JTI call "JTI-CS-2009-2-SAGE-02-003 - Design, computation and drawing of lubrication system equipment". The goal of the proposal is to propose to the industrial partner mechanical skills regarding design and computation of lubrication system according to SAGE-2 counter rotating open rotor demonstrator.

Keywords: jti-cs-2009-2-sage-02-003 design,computation and drawing of lubrication system equipment sage-2 counter rotating open rotor demonstrator
MICROWAVE-ASSISTED MICROREACTORS: DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGHLY EFFICIENT GAS PHASE CONTACTOR WITH DIRECT CATALYST HEATING (HECTOR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1851178.8
EU funding (EUR): 1851178.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

While heterogeneous catalysis is often considered a mature science, the so-called enabling technologies are often able to produce significant enhancements in the rate of reaction or in the selectivity towards a given product. Two of these enabling technologies constitute the focal point of this project, where nonclassical energy input by microwave iradiation and alternative reaction engineering (microreactors operating under a stable solid-gas temperature gap) will be used to obtain substantial improvements in the yield or in the energy efficiency of chemical processes. This project aims for a breakthrough in reactor engineering by developing a new type of heterogeneous catalytic reactor, capable of operating under a controlled solid-gas temperature difference. To implement this innovative technology, we will deploy different materials that are sensitive to microwave radiation (zeolite films with/without deposition of metallic particles, metallic films and nanoparticles) on the channels of microreactors made of materials that are transparent to microwaves. A basic study of adsorption and heating processes under microwave irradiation will lead to the selection of materials and conditions that enable operation under a significant temperature difference between the catalyst and the gas phase. The advantages obtained from this novel concept will be exploited in specific, industrially important, reaction processes (CO oxidation in H2 streams; VOC combustion in lean mixtures; ethylene epoxidation), where significant improvements in reaction yield and/or operating costs are expected. At the same time, new scientific and technological insight will be gained in the area of catalyst heating by microwaves.

Keywords: microreactors,microwave irradiation,direct catalyst heating,gas-solid temperature gap
Rigidity: Groups, Geometry and Cohomology (RIGIDITY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1332710.4
EU funding (EUR): 1332710.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our proposal has three components: 1. Unitarizable representations. 2. Spaces and groups of non-positive curvature. 3. Bounds for characteristic classes. The three parts are independent and each one is justified by major well-known conjectures and/or ambitious goals. Nevertheless, there is a unifying theme: Group Theory and its relations to Geometry, Dynamics and Analysis. In the first part, we study the Dixmier Unitarizability Problem. Even though it has remained open for 60 years, it has witnessed deep results in the last 10 years. More recently, the PI and co-authors have obtained new progress. Related questions include the Kadison Conjecture. Our methods are as varied as ergodic theory, random graphs, L2-invariants. In the second part, we study CAT(0) spaces and groups. The first motivation is that this framework encompasses classical objects such as S-arithmetic groups and algebraic groups; indeed, the PI obtained new extensions of Margulis' superrigidity and arithmeticity theorems. We are undertaking an in-depth study of the subject, notably with Caprace, aiming at constructing the full "semi-simple theory" in the most general setting. This has many new consequences even for the most classical objects such as matrix groups, and we propose several conjectures as well as the likely methods to attack them. In the last part, we study bounded characteristic classes. One motivation is the outstanding Chern Conjecture, according to which closed affine manifolds have zero Euler characteristic. We propose a strategy using a range of techniques in order to either attack the problem or at least obtain new results on simplicial volumes.

Keywords: rigidity geometric group theory unitarizable representations cohomology
Out of Equilibrium Fluctuations in Confined Phase Transitions (OUTEFLUCOP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2376117.0
EU funding (EUR): 2376117.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at studying experimentally the out of equilibrium fluctuations in strongly confined fluids. Three main problems will be analyzed : a) The effects on the dynamics when the fluctuations are confined in a volume smaller than the spatial correlation length; b) The fluctuations of the injected and dissipated power in out of equilibrium in highly confined systems, where extreme events may produce an instantaneous ''negative entropy production rate''. c) Are fluctuations a limiting factor for application ? Might they be useful ? Our strategy is to enhance the role of fluctuations and correlations working close to the critical point of a second order phase transition. We will work at the critical point of mixing of either a binary mixture of fluids or of polymer blends, whose microscopic time scales and correlation lengths are much longer than those of binary mixtures of simple fluids. The local measurements and the confinement will be realized using an original ultra low noise Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) developed in our laboratory. This AFM will be used in association with a near field aperture free light scattering technique, local and global dielectric techniques and evanescent waves imaging. This experimental set up, measuring local and global variables, will give new insight to two other interesting phenomena that are present in the critical regions : the finite size effects (such as dimensional crossover and time dependent critical Casimir effect) and the relaxation towards equilibrium after a quench at the critical point. These two phenomena have been widely investigated both theoretically and numerically butonly a few experiments have tried to measure directly the local fluctuations of confined fluids. Due to the universal nature of phase transitions the results can be applied to many other systems in which measurements are more complicated.

Keywords: out of equilibrium,fluctuation theorem