Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Microbial opsins for mammalian vision: Optogenetics in the retina (OPTOGENRET)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2018-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The retina – a thin sheet of neural tissue in the back of the eye – is a sophisticated image processor which analyzes the incoming light pattern through a set of separate spatio-temporal channels and relays this information to the brain. The loss of the visual sense due to retinal degenerative diseases is considered to be a severe handicap for human life quality. The insertion of microbial opsins into retinal neurons is a promising approach to restore vision in retinal degenerative diseases. However, the light intensity that is needed for optogenetic stimulation is still very high, and current strategies do not allow for discrimination of different wavelengths (colour vision). To overcome these obstacles we will develop optimized optogenetic treatment strategies in mouse models of retinal degeneration by using different microbial opsins with enhanced light sensitivity and altered action spectra. Finally, by introducing microbial opsins into post mortem human retinas we will translate these optogenetic approaches into therapeutic strategies for patients who are affected by retinal degeneration. Another aim of this proposal is to investigate the structure and function of retinal interneurons that mediate the remarkable image processing capabilities of the retina. Amacrine cells represent an extremely diverse class of interneurons that contribute to visual information processing in the inner retina. Yet the function of only very few amacrine cell types is well understood. Recently, a new amacrine cell type has been identified that expresses a marker of excitatory neurons (vesicular glutamate transporter type 3, vGluT3) as well as a marker of inhibitory neurons (glycine), suggesting that this amacrine cell is a ‘dual transmitter’ neuron. However, the synaptic output of this amacrine cell remains elusive. By using optogenetics in combination with two-photon microscopy and electrophysiology we aim to uncover the function of this amacrine cell type in visual processing.

Keywords: vision restoration,optogenetics,retina,neural circuits,amacrine cell
Decoding the Mammalian transcriptional Regulatory code in development and stimulatory responses (DMR-CODE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Transcription factors (TF) regulate genome function by controlling gene expression. Comprehensive characterization of the in vivo binding of TF to the DNA in relevant primary models is a critical step towards a global understanding of the human genome. Recent advances in high-throughput genomic technologies provide an extraordinary opportunity to develop and apply systematic approaches to learn the underline principles and mechanisms of mammalian transcriptional networks. The premise of this proposal is that a tractable set of rules govern how cells commit to a specific cell type or respond to the environment, and that these rules are coded in regulatory elements in the genome. Currently our understanding of the mammalian regulatory code is hampered by the difficulty of directly measuring in vivo binding of large numbers of TFs to DNA across multiple primary cell types and their natural response to physiological stimuli. Here, we overcome this bottleneck by systematically exploring the genomic binding network of 1. All relevant TFs of key hematopoietic cells in both steady state and under relevant stimuli. 2. Follow the changes in TF networks as cells differentiate 3. Use these models to engineer cell states and responses. To achieve these goals, we developed a new method for automated high throughput ChIP coupled to sequencing (HT-ChIP-Seq). We used this method to measure binding of 40 TFs in 4 time points following stimulation of dendritic cells with pathogen components. We find that TFs vary substantially in their binding dynamics, genomic localization, number of binding events, and degree of interaction with other TFs. The analysis of this data suggests that the TF network is hierarchically organized, and composed of different types of TFs, cell differentiation factors, factors that prime for gene induction, and factors that bind more specifically and dynamically. This proposal revisits and challenges the current understanding of the mammalian regulatory code.

Keywords: high throughput applications,next generation sequencing,transcription factors and hematopoiesis,gene regulatory networks,high throughput chromain immuno precipitations coupled sequencing
Securing Europe through Counter-Terrorism—Impact, Legitimacy and Effectiveness (SECILE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Security and society
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Ireland,Norway,Ireland,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Latvia
Call:  (FP7-SEC-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 811000.8
EU funding (EUR): 703098.25
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to create an empirically-informed view of the legitimacy and effectiveness of European security legislation, taking into account legal, societal, operational and democratic perspectives. It aims to produce an interdisciplinary and multi-stakeholder understanding of mechanisms for measuring the impact, legitimacy and effectiveness of legal measures, connecting theoretical and practical perspectives with a sound and operationally-informed analysis of these measures in practice. In this way it aims to identify the strengths, weaknesses, assumptions and dissonances across and between existing theoretical, institutional and operational perspectives. The strategic approach of the project is to create dynamic synergies between the legal, sociological and ethical disciplines, authorities and end users in order to generate a holistic understanding of the operation of European legal measures from the perspective of impact, legitimacy and effectiveness. We will do this through the use of both inter-disciplinary desk research and, vitally, concentrated engagement with end user groups in in-depth case studies in order to bridge the gaps in understanding between theoretical and legal perspectives, on the one hand, and operational and practical needs on the other. This project will enable the generation of better mechanisms to assess the legitimacy of legal instruments, for Security, in the context of both efficacy and societal acceptability providing both European and national authorities and implementing bodies with an operable perspective to be applied in designing, implementing, transposing and assessing such security measures. This will improve the overall effectiveness and legitimacy of European security measures and their implementation within and across member states, with a view to limiting such measures to legitimate and proportionate intrusion in citizens’ liberties.

Keywords: counter-terrorism,comparative,inter-disciplary,law,sociology,secuity,civil liberties,democracy
Sensor system for detection of criminal chemical substances (CRIM-TRACK)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Increasing the Security of citizens
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Denmark,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Lithuania,Germany,Germany,Sweden,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-SEC-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4786317.66
EU funding (EUR): 3583940.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The detection of illegal compounds is an important analytical problem which requires reliable, selective and sensitive detection method that provides the highest level of confidence in the result. Moreover, to contribute in the successful development the automated target acquisition, identification and signal processing of data from the sensor is mandatory. Enhancements to sensing methods, recognition ability and target detection time lead with the algorithms improvements in software that is complementary to improving sensor hardware. In the end, the sensing device should be portable, rapid, easy in use, highly sensitive, specific (minimal false positives), and low cost. SEC.2012.1.6-1 Digital, minituarised, operational tool for investigation – Capability project would be suitable to our research activity. We aim in the end of the project to demonstrate a working sensing device that can be further developed into a portable, miniaturized, automated, rapid, low cost, highly sensitive, and simple, “sniffer” and detection unit based on a disposable micro-colorimetric chip, which can be used for identification of illegal drugs or drug precursors. The project will combine highly advanced disciplines, like organic chemistry, micro fabrication and hardware technology, machine learning and signal processing techniques, to support the development of a miniaturized sensor system that can be used for identification of illegal drugs or drug precursors providing custom officers, police etc. with an effective tool to control trafficking of illegal drugs and drug precursors.

Keywords: drugs explosives colometric sensor
Global Lakes Sentinel Services (GLASS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Space
Destination: Space-based applications at the service of the European Society
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Finland,Germany,Netherlands,Germany,Italy,Sweden,Estonia
Call:  (FP7-SPACE-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2541693.8
EU funding (EUR): 1999959.65
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The Global Lakes Sentinel Services project will set up a system that is able to handle large quantities of Sentinel 2 and 3 data. The focus will be on the ingestion, archiving, pre-processing and distribution of data and results in a harmonized and user friendly way. The GLaSS system will have innovative functionalities for integrated use of Sentinel 2 and 3 data, time series generation, data mining and further analysis. The quality of the GLaSS system and its products will be ensured by testing it against simulated datasets, and by validating the products through a number of field studies. In order to promote the take-up of Sentinel 2 and 3 products by a wide community of scientific and applied researchers, the GLaSS project will concentrate on the study of Global Lakes because lakes provide very relevant case studies, due to their high importance to society as supply of drinking and irrigation water, but also due to the fact that large lakes are often part of several countries with different socio-economic interest. Thus, our case studies will provide material for- and insights in the interdependence of technology and societal issues involved in Lake Management. Based on selected global case studies, the GLaSS project will produce sets of training material and courseware to make sure that interested researchers quickly can start using Sentinel and GLaSS products and services. The Advisory board is composed of eminent researchers in the field of optical remote sensing of water quality in three other continents. They will help to facilitate and participate in case studies of lakes in their areas of interest, thus ensuring the global dimension of GLaSS.

Keywords: sentinel2 sentinel3 lakes
Support at the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (SUP@VAMDC)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to policy development and Programme implementation
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: France,United Kingdom,Sweden,United Kingdom,Germany,United Kingdom,Korea, Republic of,South Africa,India
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1-INFSO, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1069652.0
EU funding (EUR): 775000.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC) is a major new European initiative now building a unified, secure, documented, flexible and interoperable e-science environment-based interface to 17 existing A+M databases. The SUP@VAMDC (Support at VAMDC) aims at building upon the VAMDC e-infrastructure, supporting different studies and actions linked to the VAMDC e-infrastructure that will in accord with the mission of INFRA-2012-3.3:. • Provide operational, legal and technologicalsupport for studies aimed at developing a sustainable open scientific data e- infrastructure in Atomic and Molecular Data. • Provide the support and medium for including authentication, authorisation and accounting (AAA) as well as licensing and tools within the VAMDC brand • Promote and fashions future interoperability (technical, semantic, reference architecture, etc) across A&M data community through the promotion, monitoring and adoption of common standards. • Provide support for dissemination actions aimed at raising the visibility of the VAMDC e-infrastructure towards wider audiences such as other domains which could use the VAMDC e-infrastructure for their own science or for their own dissemination of data, such as students and/or citizen-scientists. This programme includes the development of education-related tools linking VAMDC’s scientific repositories and research data infrastructures, including establishing a free open access repository containing all peer-reviewed articles resulting from the VAMDC programme. • Provide support in developing a globally connected and interoperable VAMDC e-infrastructure between EU and the rest of the world, including Brazil , South Africa, Asia, Australia, India through hosting workshops and supporting dialogue between such synergistic structures. • Analyse and evaluate possible business models for supporting an Open Science model (OPEN VAMDC) whilst assessing the impact of such a modeling in achieving financial sustainability.

Keywords: policies - strategy - coordination - interoperability - atoms and molecules - connection to other network,to countries outside era,to wider audience - vamdc -
Transforming Migration: Transnational Transfer of Multicultural Habitus. (TRANSFORMIG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1349896.0
EU funding (EUR): 1349896.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

How do migrants develop the competence to successfully operate within a new society, and will these newly acquired intercultural skills and attitudes transfer between individuals and geographical locations? Can migration, and to what extent, trigger a shift towards more tolerance and respect for ethnic and cultural diversity in the countries sending migrants? And how are these effects mediated by particular conditions? These are the questions the TRANSFORmIG project seeks to answer by investigating recent massive migration between Poland and Great Britain and Germany. The ‘Polish case’ is highly instructive because of diametrically opposed contexts between which the transnational migrants regularly ‘switch’: Britain and Germany are characterized by a level and kind of multi-cultural complexity that is unknown to immigrants from Poland which is recognized as one of the most ethnically homogeneous country in the world. The TRANSFORmIG project puts the hypothesis that contact with diversity – socializing with people of diverse backgrounds – leads to (a positive) change of attitudes both among migrants and their peer groups in the communities of origin, and that these effects are mediated by the particular configurations and representations of diversity. The TRANSFORmIG project entails interdisciplinary, multi-method research in selected localities in Great Britain, Germany and Poland. Spanning sociology, anthropology, history and media studies, the project investigates with the help of a longitudinal qualitative study, individual and group interviews, ethnography and discourse analysis how people’s attitudes and skills to act in diverse societies change over time and in dependence with historical and contemporary conditions. Findings will significantly advance social scientific understanding of the processes of transnational transfer of values and attitudes and the spread of intercultural competences under the condition of growing diversification of societies.

Keywords: ethnic and cultural diversity,inter-ethnic contact,social transformation
Conflict, Strategies, and Violence: An Actor-based Approach to Violent and Non-Violent Interactions (CSV)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Norway
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1174476.0
EU funding (EUR): 1174476.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Existing research has tended to equate conflict with violence, lumping all “non-conflict” situations together. This is unfortunate on theoretical and empirical grounds. Definitions of conflict highlight incompatibilities, which may motivate actors to resort to violence, but do not automatically generate violence and can be settled or managed in non-violent ways. Lumping together as “not violence” both cases without incompatibilities or agency and cases where actors pursue different strategies ultimately undermines our ability to understand conflict processes and test core arguments about conflict, strategies, and violence, and leaves us unable to assess whether the observed global decline in violence may reflect increasing use of alternative strategies, more state deterrence/accommodation, or fewer incompatibilities in the first place. This project will examine conflict in terms of incompatibilities between actors, where the specific structure of the incompatibilities and the strategies and interactions determine whether we see escalation to violence as well as alternative outcomes such as accommodation or regime change. It will extend my prior research on civil war and focus more clearly on actor motivations, alternative outcomes to conventional civil war, and take seriously non-violent strategies in conflict and protest. Whereas previous research has tended to study violent and non-violent conflict as separate phenomena, this project will focus on violent and non-violent actions as possible substitutes and compliment and explain variation across a range of alternative outcomes, as illustrated in the so-called Arab spring, where we see both non-violent protest and violent insurgencies, as well as state responses ranging from violent repression to accommodation. The project will also consider how transnational factors can influence the choice of strategies that actors make in conflicts.

Keywords: conflict,violence,non-violence,protest,collective action,conflict data,statistical analysis,formal modeling of conflict
Manifestations of Solitude: Withdrawal and Engagement in the long seventeenth-century (MOS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 50.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1250000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1250000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of Manifestations of Solitude: Withdrawal and Engagement in the long seventeenth-century is to demonstrate how the creation of zones of unworldliness within the world structures re-ligious practice. We will examine withdrawal in its historical settings and uncover the facetted na-ture of this phenomenon in the seventeenth-century religious culture, thus offering insights and tools for a better understanding of the representation of religious experience in European culture. Working across cultural and confessional boundaries, the project explores appropriations of the appeal that the Christian be in the world but not of the world: in texts, architecture, images and mu-sic, and it examines the ways in which these media are employed to prompt and sustain with¬drawal from the world. The project focuses on ten institutional social units (e.g. the abbey, the Konventikel, the household), which manifest solitude in different ways. It examines such units through ten exem-plary places (e.g. Herrnhut, Saint-Cyr) and their cultural and reli¬gious life, drawing on materials such as architectural plans, interior decoration, treatises on theology and aesthetics, letters, diaries, epitaphs, emblems, portraits, devotional images, sermons and musical pieces. The backbone of the project is an innovative strategy for interdisciplinary analysis which traces the generation of a symbolically charged space around religious withdrawals. With this analytical tool we will examine how symbols of ‘world’, ‘solitude’ and the demarcation between them are materialized in forms ranging from material culture (architecture, furnishing), via artistic, perfor-mative expressions (devotional images, musical pieces) to literary topoi and metaphors and the in-fluence on such forms of contemporary aesthetic sensibilities. The project examines the cultivation of the religious self: shaping a sym¬bolically charged space – and shaped in turn by this space.

Keywords: history of religion,symbolic representation,hermeneutics,interdisciplinarity