Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Emergence of Structure during the Epoch of Reionization (EMERGENCE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1975120.8
EU funding (EUR): 1975120.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Early on the Universe consisted of a near-uniform mixture of hydrogen, helium, dark matter and radiation. The emergence of structure from a stochastic background of fluctuations in the period between 400.000 years and 1 billion years is the main subject of this proposal. This era saw the formation of the first autonomous sources of radiation, stars and black holes. This `renaissance' of light led to the heating, reionization and pollution of the Intergalactic Medium with metals. We will unravel how the hydrogen in Universe progressed from substantially neutral to highly ionized by detailed comparison of cosmological hydro-simulations of the intergalactic Medium (IGM) and galaxy formation including continuum and resonant Lyman-alpha radiative transfer with QSO absorption spectra and LBG/ Lyman-alpha emitter surveys and other data. This will help us to make the most out the wealth of information which will be provided by new observational missions and surveys which have just begun (or are just about to begin) to report results (UKIDDS, VISTA, Planck, Herschel, COS@HST, LOFAR, ALMA). In this way we expect to make decisive contributions to the expected transformation of our understanding of this exciting period in the history of the Universe. Measurements of the matter power spectrum on scales from 1Mpc to a Gpc from Lyman-alpha forest, weak gravitational lensing, and galaxy survey data contain important information of the nature of dark matter and the mass and number of species of neutrinos. Particularly exciting is the possibility to significantly push the limit on 'how cold' dark matter is. To robustly answer the question, whether the free-streaming of dark matter suggested to solve the dwarf-galaxy problem of the cold dark matter paradigm is consistent with Lyman-alpha forest data, is another key goal of this proposal.

Keywords: epoch of reionization,warm dark matter
Next Generation Sparsity-Based Signal Modeling (SPARSE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2269554.0
EU funding (EUR): 2269554.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One could not imagine the vast progress made in signal and image processing in the past 50 years without the central contribution of data models. A model imposes a structure on the data, enabling numerous applications. Due to their importance, a considerable research attention has been devoted to the design and use of signal models. Through the past several decades, an evolution of contributions led to a series of constantly improving modeling ideas, and better performance in applications as a consequence. In that respect, the past decade has been certainly the era of sparse and redundant representations, a popular and highly effective model for describing signals. Despite the huge attractiveness and success that this and other signal models have had so far, this field is still at its infancy, with many unanswered questions and major shortcomings, all pointing to unexplored avenues of future research. The overall objective of this proposal is to bring sparsity-based signal modeling to new frontiers by revolutionizing the way these models are defined and practiced. More specifically, this proposal outlines several key research directions that will enable us to overcome existing modeling flaws. These include a thorough investigation of the co-sparse analysis model, one of the next fascinating phases of the field of sparse and redundant representations. This new model suggests an alternative rational and has the potential to outperform earlier models. Other directions to be explored in this project are a super-model built as a tree-constellation of sparsity-based models in an attempt to carve better the signal space, a migration from a union-of-subspaces to a union-of-sets, a systematic study of modeling errors in general, and more. The advances that we aim to make will have a marked impact and open the way towards the next generation of signal models and their use in practice.

Keywords: signal model,sparse and redundant representations,synthesis model,co-sparse analysis model,union-of-subspaces,tree-based super-models,union-of-sets,local versus global
Regularity and Irregularity in Combinatorics and Number Theory (REGULARITY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2018-06-30
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1776000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1776000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Regularity and irregularity plays a central role in mathematics. In the present research proposal we will select problems from combinatorics and number theory (including additive combinatorics), where regularity and irregularity appear. In some cases we have to deal, e.g., with arbitrary finite or infinite subsets of natural numbers, where the only information we have is their cardinality, namely, that they are of positive (lower asymptotic) density within the set of all natural numbers or within the interval [1,N] for a large N. In other cases we consider an arbitrary distribution of n points within the unit square, where all we know is the density of our point set. The goal is often to show that certain configurations appear within the arbitrary set of numbers or points. These configurations definitely appear in a random set of numbers or points, but we have to show this for an arbitrary set of numbers or points with certain general properties. In order to reach our goal one can use two well-known methods. The first one is deterministic, often some kind of greedy algorithm. The second is the probabilistic method of Erdős, which shows that almost all arrangements of the given points or numbers (or graphs) fulfill the wanted property. A third method, the so called pseudorandom method, was initiated by the PI (together with M. Ajtai and J. Komlós), uses a combination of these. In other cases we have a deterministic set of numbers with certain quasi-random properties, for example, the primes. Randomness was the key idea in the recent breakthrough of Green and Tao, in proving that primes contain arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. We will deal with 6 groups of problems: (i) finite or infinite sequences of integers, (ii) difference sets and Fourier analysis, (iii) graph and hypergraph embedding theorems, (iv) Ramsey theory, (v) distribution of points in the plane and in the unit square, (vi) regularities and irregularities in the distribution of primes.

Keywords: additive combinatorics,regularity lemma,difference sets,graph theory,embedding of graphs and hypergraphy,ramsey theory,analytic number theory,distribution of primes
Waveguide-type semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) in gaps between conducting surfaces with texture – architecture, electromagnetic modeling and micromachining (GAPWAVE ICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1659302.49
EU funding (EUR): 1659302.49
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In order to explore and exploit the frequency range from 30 GHz up to THz, new types of transmission lines and semiconductor architectures are needed. Conventional microwave technologies that are commonly used below 30 GHz become either too lossy or are too expensive to manufacture, and technologies used in the optical regime are not usable either. The intermediate frequency band is therefore often referred to as the THz gap, indicating the lack of commercialize-able technologies there. Professor Kildal has invented a fundamentally new regime of transmission line, referred to as gap waveguides. The basis is newly discovered local waves appearing in the gap between two conducting surfaces, controlled by a texture in one or both of the surfaces. The gap waveguide has been verified below 20 GHz, but it will be more advantageous in the THz gap. The texture will for THz applications be of submillimeter or micrometer scale, realizable by micromachining or etching. Also, there is no need for a dielectric substrate, and there is no need for conductive contact between the two surfaces. Therefore, such gap waveguides and circuits for the THz gap can be manufactured with low cost. The vision is that the topology of this new regime of gap waveguides will facilitate integration of semiconductor devices, and may lay the foundation for new architectures of transistors and other integrated circuits, being located inside the gap encapsulated by the conductive surfaces themselves. In order to reach this vision new and efficient numerical electromagnetic methods and modeling tools need to be developed, taking advantage of the particular gap waveguide geometry, and being able to connect to or replace the charge transport models for the transistors in the doped semiconductors themselves. The gap waveguide technology can get a tremendous impact on exploring higher frequencies in radio astronomy, communications, and imaging for medical as well as security applications.

Keywords: guided waves,electromagnetic modeling,semiconductors,micromachining,thz gap,ics
Algorithms, Games, Mechanisms, and the Price of Anarchy (ALGAME)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Greece
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2461000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2461000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this proposal is to bring together a local team of young researchers who will work closely with international collaborators to advance the state of the art of Algorithmic Game Theory and open new venues of research at the interface of Computer Science, Game Theory, and Economics. The proposal consists mainly of three intertwined research strands: algorithmic mechanism design, price of anarchy, and online algorithms. Specifically, we will attempt to resolve some outstanding open problems in algorithmic mechanism design: characterizing the incentive compatible mechanisms for important domains, such as the domain of combinatorial auctions, and resolving the approximation ratio of mechanisms for scheduling unrelated machines. More generally, we will study centralized and distributed algorithms whose inputs are controlled by selfish agents that are interested in the outcome of the computation. We will investigate new notions of mechanisms with strong truthfulness and limited susceptibility to externalities that can facilitate modular design of mechanisms of complex domains. We will expand the current research on the price of anarchy to time-dependent games where the players can select not only how to act but also when to act. We also plan to resolve outstanding questions on the price of stability and to build a robust approach to these questions, similar to smooth analysis. For repeated games, we will investigate convergence of simple strategies (e.g., fictitious play), online fairness, and strategic considerations (e.g., metagames). More generally, our aim is to find a productive formulation of playing unknown games by drawing on the fields of online algorithms and machine learning.

Keywords: mechanism design,price of anarchy,online algorithms
Engineered Protein Capsids as Artificial Bacterial Organelles (EPCABO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1889200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1889200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many proteins self-assemble into regular, shell-like, polyhedral structures. Protein capsids are useful, both in nature and in the laboratory, as molecular containers for diverse cargo molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, and low molecular weight drugs. They can consequently serve as delivery vehicles, bioimaging agents, reaction vessels, and templates for the controlled synthesis of novel materials. Here, we will apply our experience with protein design and laboratory evolution to extend the properties of protein containers to create practical, non-viral encapsulation systems for applications in the test tube and in living cells. Specifically, we will adapt the icosohedral cage structures formed by Aquifex aeolicus lumazine synthase (AaLS) to engineer increasingly sophisticated supramolecular complexes for use as delivery vehicles, nanoreactors and, ultimately, as bacterial organelles. Our principal aims are to: (a) tailor AaLS capsids for selective encapsulation of a broad range of macromolecular guests; (b) develop AaLS capsids as delivery vehicles for medical and imaging applications; (c) design simplified, functional mimics of carbon-fixing carboxysomes; (d) evolve redox active organelles for metabolizing aliphatic alcohols; and (e) engineer artificial organelles for the detoxification of polychlorinated phenols. We anticipate that these experiments will lead to a deeper understanding of the principles underlying the construction, function and evolution of natural protein microcompartments. At the same time, they will establish powerful strategies for creating tailored assemblies for practical applications in delivery and catalysis.

Keywords: protein microcompartments,protein design,directed evolution,drug delivery,biocatalysis,cascade reactions
Policy RECommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe (RECODE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: A more dynamic governance of the science and society relationship
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Greece,Italy,Sweden,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 29.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1156736.0
EU funding (EUR): 949488.5
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The RECODE project will leverage existing networks, communities and projects to address challenges within the open access and data dissemination and preservation sector. The sector includes several different networks, initiatives, projects and communities that are fragmented by discipline, geography, stakeholder category (publishers, academics, repositories, etc.) as well as other boundaries. Many of these organisations are addressing the barriers to open access to research data, such as stakeholder fragmentation, technical and infrastructural issues, ethical and legal issues, and state and institutional policy fragmentation. However, these organizations are often working in isolation or with limited contact with one another. RECODE will provide a space for European stakeholders in the open access and data dissemination and preservation sector to work together to provide common solutions for these issues. It will provide over-arching recommendations for a policy framework to support open access to European research data. The RECODE partners will identify and connect with relevant stakeholders, building upon and strengthening existing stakeholder engagement mechanisms at the European and international levels. It will conduct studies of good practice and exchange good practice principles with relevant stakeholders and institutions during networking activities. The RECODE project will formulate recommendations for open access to research data targeted at different stakeholders and policy-makers in support of the Commission’s policies. It will take account of the disciplinary and international differences in open access stakeholder ecosystems and stakeholder, institutional, funding body and governmental value chains.

Keywords: open access,research data,networking,good practice,interdisciplinary
Transfering Implementing Monitoring Equality (GENDERTIME)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: Strengthening potential, broadening horizons
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: France,Austria,Italy,Sweden,France,Serbia,Germany,United Kingdom,Spain,Austria,Sweden
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3314019.7
EU funding (EUR): 2328077.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the GenderTime project is to identify and implement the best systemic approach to increase the participation and career advancement of women researchers in selected institutions where self-tailored action plans are implemented. Institutions involved in GenderTime are intentionally very different in terms of size, discipline, history, etc. in order to experiment in various situations and to create a synergy among scientific partners. The plans will involve activities as recruitment, retention and promotion policies, supporting work-life balance measures, updated management and research standards, supporting policies for dual careers-couple, etc. To guarantee the real implementation of structural change in each Institution a central role will be assumed by the transfer agents. A crucial point will be the real commitment of organizational heads of each participant. Among the 10 partners, there are 8 scientific partners across Europe, they implement self-taylored action plans in their institutions. An external partner is in charge of the evaluation. A technical partner coordinates the project. The consortium will cooperate on common actions to transfer knowledge between relative newcomers and institutions with experience on gender aware management. Besides a measurable change in the participating institutions through evaluation instruments such as tailor-made indicators, the outcome of the project will be to produce tested toolbox and management tools for future action plans in institutions interested in similar approaches. Comparative analysis of GenderTime experiences will identify the best self-tailored actions according to cultural contexts, disciplines, etc. and the factors for a successful sustainable implementation. GenderTime objective is to contribute to an organizational and structural change in European research and to disseminate at all levels the tools to implement it.

Keywords: gender equality,changing management,structural change
Platform for the implementation of NAIADES (PLATINA II) (PLATINA II)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Transport (including Aeronautics)
Destination: Sustainable surface transport (INCLUDING THE �EUROPEAN GREEN CARS INITIATIVE�)
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Austria,France,Netherlands,Germany,Netherlands,Belgium,Belgium,Croatia,Romania,Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-TRANSPORT-2012-MOVE-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2432319.99
EU funding (EUR): 1999995.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

PLATINA II is a Coordination Action aimed at the implementation of the NAIADES Action Areas. PLATINA II builds on the results of the FP7 project PLATINA (2008-2012) and is in line with the NAIADES action programme. It aims at bringing together key stakeholders in order to ensure a solid, multidisciplinary knowledge basis for the implementation of NAIADES actions. PLATINA II will, in close cooperation with the European Commission, set up a roadmap for the implementation of actions not yet started and support permanent-type actions. WP1 (MARKETS & AWARENESS) will identify and attract new markets for inland waterway transport and stimulate multimodal supply chain integration as well as synergistic actions between operators. WP2 (INNOVATION & FLEET) will define measures to stimulate innovation take-up and greening of the fleet, undertake technology forecasts, enhance the knowledge basis on external cost performance and consolidate research and innovation needs. WP3 (JOBS & SKILLS) will facilitate the development of standards for simulators and electronic service record books and raise the impact of inland waterway transport in logistics education and training by improving learning material. WP4 (INFRASTRUCTURE) will identify ways to close the data gaps on IWT infrastructure in Europe, provide tools for the integration of IWT into multimodal European corridors, monitor and support the implementation of River Information Services and identify future logistics applications as well as facilitate the exchange of good practices on efficient and effective inland waterway maintenance. WP5 (TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT) is the focal point for project management, dissemination and networking of external stakeholders through a structured NAIADES dialogue. The PLATINA II consortium has ensured the active participation of key industrial stakeholders, Member States, associations and river commissions. PLATINA II will further strengthen the coordination between national, European and industrial research and serve as an exchange, discussion and promotion platform on NAIADES. In line with the White Paper on Transport PLATINA II will contribute to a stronger market position and environmental performance of inland navigation.

Keywords: inland navigation,coordination of national,eu and industrial research,roadmap for policy actions,technology assessment,forecast and transfer,multidisciplinary platform with key stakeholders