Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Easy and rapid generation of light-emitting somatic-transgenic mice to monitor specific disease states and to screen effective drugs (SOMABIO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Diagnostic tools, therapies and public health
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1471272.0
EU funding (EUR): 1471272.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

For decades, researchers have used small mammals to study the underlying processes of human disease and potential therapies for such ailments. Current strategies for measuring disease progression and/or drug effect usually involve groups of animals being killed at multiple time points for post-mortem tissue analysis. Recently, transgenic strains of mice have been created in which light-emitting luciferase is produced when a disease-specific pathway is switched on or off. High-sensitivity cameras are used to follow the profile of light emission in individual animals during disease induction/treatment, thus avoiding serial culling. However generation of transgenic mice is time-consuming, expensive, and costly in terms of animal usage. A major problem is that every tissue in the mouse may emit light, so organ-specific effects are difficult to discern. This research programme describes the development of a process of generating light-emitting somatic-transgenic rodents by gene transfer in neonates or in utero. This permits the production of mice containing bespoke biosensors and avoids the lengthy process of production of germline transgenics. Crucially, specific organs and tissues can be targeted by the appropriate choice of application route and gene transfer vector. This technique is highly adaptable to new developments in biology (for example, new signalling targets, new genetic regulators such as miRNA and improved light-emitting enzymes) and is applicable to any strain of mouse or rat. As proof-of concept several widely-used models of disease will be examined over the duration of this programme of work: i) LPS-induced lung inflammation ii) Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis iii) LPS-induced liver inflammation iv) Carbon tetrachloride/ethanol-induced liver fibrosis v) collagen-induced arthritis vi) Cutaneous wound-healing following dorsal punch biopsy vii) Neonatal cerebral hypoxia/ischaemia

Keywords: fetal and neonatal gene transfer,whole body bioimaging,somatotransgenic light emitting mice and rats
Single Molecule Enzymology with ClyA Nanopores (SMEN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Netherlands,Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1220473.6
EU funding (EUR): 1220473.6
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Single molecules based techniques provide the ultimate toolkit to study complex biological systems. In single-molecule approaches, molecules do not need to be synchronised as in ensemble studies, and rare and/or transient species along a reaction pathway as well as heterogeneity and disorder in a sample can be revealed. Observing and manipulating single molecules, however, is generally complicated, time consuming and withstand several technical limitations that hamper the study of single enzymes to a few selected examples. Here I am proposing to develop a new technology to study single native enzymes that is sensitive, simple and inexpensive, and has a temporal resolution ranging from few ¼seconds to hours. Nanopores have been used to detect single molecules and to investigate mechanisms of chemical reactions at the single molecule level. The basic concept of nanopore analysis is to observe, under an applied potential, the disruption of the flow of ions through the pore caused by the interaction of the molecules of interest with a binding site within the pore. Similarly, small enzymes or functional nucleic acids will be attached to the vestibule of a biological nanopore via disulfide bridge or click chemistry. The conformational changes associated with catalysis will then be observed by the altered ionic flow through the pore. In addition, when a charged chaotropic agent is placed on the trans side of the bilayer, the applied potential will allow the directional control of the flow of the chaotropic agent through the pore that, ultimately, also will control the unfolding and refolding of the protein attached to the pore. This will allow investigations of reversible unfolding processes far from equilibrium at the single molecule level for the first time.

Keywords: single molecule,nanopores,enzymology,protein folding,enzyme kinetic,dna sequencing,dna analysis,rna sequencing
Towards a systemic view of the circadian clock: Integration of miRNAs into the molecular, cellular and neural circadian networks. (MIRNACLOCKNETWORKS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1478606.0
EU funding (EUR): 1478606.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Circadian (24hs) rhythms in locomotor activity are one of the best-characterized behaviors at the molecular, cellular and neural levels. Despite that, our understanding of how these rhythms are generated is still limited. A major shortcoming of the current approaches in the field is that they depict the circadian clock as a mere addition of steps (and/or combination of parts). By doing so, the circadian oscillator is portrayed as a static rather than a dynamic system. We have recently shown for the first time that miRNA-mediated regulation plays a role in circadian timekeeping in Drosophila. In the present project we will exploit complementary and cutting-edge approaches that will provide an integrative and comprehensive view of the circadian timekeeping system. As we believe that miRNAs are key mediators of this integration, we will dissect their role in the circadian clock at the molecular, cellular and neural levels in Drosophila. At the molecular level, we will determine the mechanisms, and proteins that mediate the circadian regulation of miRNAs function. Moreover, by the use of high-throughput methodology we will assess and characterize the impact of translational regulation on both the circadian transcriptome and proteome. At the cellular level, we plan to determine how this type of regulation integrates with other circadian pathways and which specific pathways and proteins mediate this process. As a final goal of the proposed project we plan to generate a complete genetic interaction map of the known circadian regulators, which will integrate the different molecular and cellular events involved in timekeeping. This will be a key step towards the understanding of the circadian clock as a dynamic adjustable process. Last, but not least, we will study the role of miRNAs in the circadian neural network. For doing so we will set up an ex vivo approach (fly brain's culture) that will assess circadian parameters through fluorescent continuous live imaging.

Keywords: circadian rhythms,period
Neurocognitive mechanisms of human anxiety: identifying and targeting disrupted function. (ANXIETY MECHANISMS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1708407.0
EU funding (EUR): 1708407.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Within a 12 month period, 20% of adults will meet criteria for one or more clinical anxiety disorders (ADs). These disorders are hugely disruptive, placing an emotional burden on individuals and their families. While both cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacological treatment are widely viewed as effective strategies for managing ADs, systematic review of the literature reveals that only 30–45% of patients demonstrate a marked response to treatment (anxiety levels being reduced into the nonaffected range). In addition, a significant proportion of initial responders relapse after treatment is discontinued. There is hence a real and marked need to improve upon current approaches to AD treatment. One possible avenue for improving response rates is through optimizing initial treatment selection. Specifically, it is possible that certain individuals might respond better to cognitive interventions while others might respond better to pharmacological treatment. Recently it has been suggested that there may be two or more distinct biological pathways disrupted in anxiety. If this is the case, then specification of these pathways may be an important step in predicting which individuals are likely to respond to which treatment. Few studies have focused upon this issue and, in particular, upon identifying neural markers that might predict response to cognitive (as opposed to pharmacological) intervention. The proposed research aims to address this. Specifically, it tests the hypothesis that there are at least two mechanisms disrupted in ADs, one entailing amygdala hyper-responsivity to cues that signal threat, the other impoverished recruitment of frontal regions that support cognitive and emotional regulation. Two series of functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments will be conducted. These will investigate differences in amygdala and frontal function during (a) attentional processing and (b) fear conditioning. Initial clinical experiments will investigate whether Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Specific Phobia involve differing degrees of disruption to frontal versus amygdala function during these tasks. This work will feed into training studies, the goal being to characterize AD patient subgroups that benefit from cognitive training.

Keywords: fmri prefrontal amygdala emotion attention anxiety trait personality
XBP1 and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mucosal Homeostasis (MUCOSAL ER STRESS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress allows cells to cope with misfolded proteins through the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). We have recently reported that unabated ER stress, a consequence of genetic deletion of X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1), in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) leads to intestinal inflammation reminiscent of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and polymorphisms in XBP1 were associated with Crohn s disease and ulcerative colitis. The current proposal is based on this central discovery, and rests on three major pillars. 1. Elucidation of the molecular pathways that connect unabated ER stress with inflammation, with the potential to identify novel therapeutics. 2. Testing the hypothesis that XBP1 deficiency may regulate colorectal cancer development, both sporadic and inflammation-associated. 3. Addressing the hypothesis that XBP1 and ER stress may contribute to the molecular pathology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) via affecting cholangiocyte biology. Insight from these studies may have implications well beyond mucosal inflammation as ER stress mechanisms have been suggested to play a role in a wide variety of diseases.

Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease,primary sclerosing cholangitis
Floral Integrating Networks at the Shoot Apical Meristem of Rice (FLARE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499880.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499880.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Discriminating differences in day length is critical for many organisms to synchronize reproduction with the most favourable season of the year. Plants have evolved sophisticated time-keeping mechanisms that largely work in leaves, to measure the duration of the day. Upon perception of favourable day lengths, a leaf-borne signal moves to the shoot apical meristem to induce flower formation. Rice is a crop whose yield heavily depends on flowering at the right time, and genetic variation within leaf regulators contributes to diversification of flowering responses among different rice varieties. However, how the shoot apical meristem responds to changes in day length and initiates flowering is currently unknown. High-yielding European rice varieties flower within a limited range of days and expanding such range would prove beneficial to increase yield and expand cultivation to different environments. Our goal is to identify novel genes that modify meristem sensitivity to day length, and breed them into high-yielding cultivars. Together with the gene pool controlling day length responses in the leaves, these novel alleles will allow to design varieties with diverse sensitivities to photoperiod and will distribute the reproductive phase over a broader period of time. This knowledge-based breeding will require preliminary studies in order to identify regulators acting in the shoot apical meristem. To this extent, rice provides an excellent biological model for the availability of powerful genetic and molecular tools. I am proposing a number of genetic and biochemical screens that will allow us to explore the rice genome for genes required at the shoot apical meristem to drive reproductive phase transitions. We will investigate genetic variation in these components, relate it to flowering and adaptation, and use it for introgressing novel alleles into elite germplasm.

Keywords: rice,breeding,flowering,shoot apical meristem
Canine models of human psychiatric disease: identifying novel anxiety genes with the help of man's best friend (DOGPSYCH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1381807.0
EU funding (EUR): 1381807.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Anxiety disorders include different forms of pathological fear and anxiety and rank among the most common health concerns in human medicine. Millions of people become affected every year, and many of them do not respond to treatments. Anxiety disorders are heritable, but genetically complex. As a result, traditional gene mapping methods in the human population with prominent locus and allelic heterogeneity have not succeeded. Similarly, rodents have provided some insights into the circuitry of anxiety, but naturally occurring versions do not exist and gene deletion studies have not provided adequate models. To break through and identify new anxiety genes, I propose a novel and unique approach that resorts to man s best friend, dog. Taking advantage of the exaggerated genetic homogeneity characteristic of purebred dogs, recent genomics tools and the existence of naturally occurring heritable behaviour disorders in dogs can remedy the current lack of a suitable animal model of human psychiatric disorders. I propose to collect and perform a genome-wide association study in four breed-specific anxiety traits in dogs representing the three major forms of human anxiety: compulsive pacing and tail-chasing, noise phobia, and shyness corresponding to human OCD, panic disorder and social phobia, respectively. Canine anxiety disorders respond to human medications and other phenomenological studies suggest a share biological mechanism in both species. The proposed research has the potential to discover new genetic risk factors, which eventually will shed light on the biological basis of common neuropsychiatric disorders in both dog and human, provide insight into etiological mechanisms, enable identification of individuals at high-risk for adverse health outcomes, and facilitate development of tailored treatments.

Keywords: canine
Welfare Innovations at the Local level In favour of Cohesion (WILCO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Combining economic, social and environmental objectives in a European perspective
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Germany,Italy,Switzerland,Spain,Croatia,United Kingdom,Poland,Germany,Belgium,France,Sweden,Slovakia
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2010-2, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 38.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3063764.6
EU funding (EUR): 2471642.0
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

The effort to strengthen social cohesion and lower social inequalities is among Europe’s main policy challenges. It means that local welfare systems are at the forefront of the struggle to address this challenge – and they are far from winning. While the statistics show some positive signs, the overall picture still shows sharp and sometimes rising inequalities, a loss of social cohesion and failing policies of integration. But, contrary to what is sometimes thought, a lack of bottom-up innovation is not the issue in itself. European cities are teeming with new ideas, initiated by citizens, professionals and policymakers. The problem is, rather, that innovations taking place in the city are not effectively disseminated because they are not sufficiently understood. Many innovations are not picked up, because their relevance is not recognised or they fail after they have been introduced, because they were not suitable to the different conditions in another city in another country. In this project, we will look into this missing link between innovations at the local level and their successful transfer and implementation to other settings. We will examine innovation in cities, not as a disconnected phenomenon, but as an element in a tradition of welfare that is part of particular socio-economic models and the result of specific national and local cultures. By contextualising innovations in local welfare, will be more effective in understanding how they could work in other cities, for the benefit of other citizens. In short, the aim of the project is to examine, through cross-national comparative research, how local welfare systems affect social inequalities and how they favour social cohesion and sustainability. The results will be used, through strong interaction with stakeholders and urban policy recommendations, to link immediately to the needs of practitioners.

Keywords: welfare,welfare state,innovation,social cohesion,social inequality,social exclusion,social services,local government,policy,politics,gender,ageing,migration,civil society,citizens.
European Consumer Goods Research Initiative - Networking European Technology Platforms addressing Design-based Consumer Goods Industries and Related Research and Technology Fields (PROSUMER.NET)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Integration
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Belgium,Italy,Portugal,Germany,Spain,France,Spain
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2010-CSA-4, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1263321.22
EU funding (EUR): 1000000.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Health of people, safety of workers, sport performance, new cultures and lifestyles, customised fashion products will be drivers to promote European Consumer Goods on the global market, exploiting the European historical culture and knowledge on manufacturing processes and products as well as the proactive European consumer market, always looking for new frontiers in terms of comfort, satisfaction, well being and leisure of consumers. The above mentioned major target applications are strongly related with major ongoing societal trends such as ageing, mobility & activity, globalisation, sustainability, etc. Thus, there is today a unique opportunity for the future of the European consumer goods industry: the creation of a new generation of healthy, safe, fashion and lifestyle products, and related services, full of new functionalities which offer a concrete response to needs and desires of consumers of all ages, interests and walks of life in Europe and worldwide. Within such a perspective, present proposal addresses the creation of synergies, the identification of common elements, and the development of a programme of commonly-defined activities in terms of socio-economic foresight, research & technology roadmapping & strategy development between the European Technology Platform for the Future of Textiles and Clothing, the European Footwear Products & Processes Technology Platform, the European Platform for Sport & Innovation, the European Forestry-based Technology Platform, and the ManuFuture Technology Platform.

Keywords: consumer goods,research & technology roadmapping,textiles and clothing,footwear,sport,furniture,manufuture