Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
French-English bilinguals' processing of morphosyntactic structures: the case of cross-linguistic transfer (BilProcess)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One question central to both bilingual first language acquisition (2L1) and second language development (L2) research is to understand the mechanisms that lead to systematic interaction between the languages, i.e. cross-linguistic influence (CLI). To-date, we know that bilinguals’ two languages are continuously co-activated to some extent at the lexicon and sentence level. Bilinguals need to map different syntactic forms, i.e. one or more for each language, onto the same discourse function, which occasionally leads to the entrenchment of the non-targetlike form. Yet, little is known about how the age of acquisition (2L1 vs. L2) and language dominance (expressive abilities, language exposure) affect the processing mechanisms governing this phenomenon. This project focuses on an aspect of morphosyntactic development (the article system) known to be particularly challenging for both bilingual children and adults. It adopts a unique comparative approach to investigate whether simultaneous French-English bilingual children’s and L2 adult bilinguals’ sentence comprehension is affected by the parallel activation of the article system in specific and generic contexts in two studies using the self-paced moving window method. French is a very restrictive language and requires the projection of a determiner in argument position. In contrast, English allows bare mass nouns and bare plural nouns in non-specific and generic contexts. These cross-linguistic differences will allow us to test (i) whether the co-activation of distinct morphosyntactic forms (article system) depending on the semantic context (specific vs. generic) leads to language interference in French-English bilinguals’ comprehension of sentence structure; (ii) the role of language exposure vs. productive measures of the relative language dominance on the direction and magnitude of cross-linguistic transfers; (iii) to what extent this phenomenon operates differently depending on the age of language acquisition.

Keywords: bilingual first language acquisition,second language acquisition,semantics,morphosyntax,cross linguistic influence,language processing,language dominance,french,english
Heterogeneous Effects of Fiscal Consolidation on Firms' Balance Sheets (FLASH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2019-11-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The global financial crisis and slow ensuing recovery have put severe strains on the fiscal positions of many OECD countries, raising serious concerns about fiscal sustainability, especially in the Euro Area. The challenge facing these countries is how to bring debt down to safer levels in the face of a weak recovery. Several EU governments undertook large fiscal consolidations plans that involved a combination of spending cuts and tax hikes, aiming at sustainably reducing public deficits and debt. Although the effects of fiscal consolidation on output and unemployment have been extensively investigated, existing studies have focused on aggregate level data and have failed to consider the heterogeneous effects that fiscal consolidation might have on the economic performance of the business sector. This omission, due in large part to the scarcity of firm-level data capturing how firm’s assets and liabilities are affected by fiscal consolidation, restricts our knowledge about how fiscal adjustments impacts economic performance. Making use of yet unexplored detailed firm level data and a range of econometric methods, FLASH will provide novel and robust empirical evidence on the causal impact of fiscal consolidation on the real and financial activities of different sized firms. Specifically, FLASH will pursue the following research objectives to explore the heterogeneous effects of fiscal consolidation on firms' balance sheets: Examine the causal effect of fiscal consolidation on firms' performance; Examine if the composition of fiscal consolidation (spending versus taxes-based) matters for firms; Examine how differently do small and large firms respond to fiscal consolidation; Examine if the effects of fiscal consolidation on real (Investment, Sales and Employment) and financial (Debt, Cash-holding, Dividend and Equity) activities are heterogeneous across firms; Create a network and disseminate results to a broader audience.

Keywords: fiscal consolidation,firm heterogeneity,firm level data
Biosensing with ORGanic ElectronicS (BORGES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Sweden,Sweden,Sweden,France,France,Netherlands
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3979589.4
EU funding (EUR): 3979589.4
Participants: 16
Project status: SIGNED

Organic Bioelectronics is a fast-rising field encompassing organic electronic devices that exhibit mixed electronic and ionic conductivity. It represents a truly unique communication bridge across the technology gap existing between the living systems and digital electronics. Biosensing is one of the most scientifically and industrially promising application of organic (bio)electronics. It is important to form young professionals that will be able to operate into this highly-interdisciplinary field, where proficiency in chemistry, materials science and technology, solid state physics, biochemistry, engineering is needed. Such curricula can be hardly constructed within institutional degrees, at least not at the level that can be provided by a European Training Network. The objective of BORGES is to train the next generation of R&D innovators in organic bioelectronics, with the aim of developing organic biosensors up to demonstration in an end-user significant context. BORGES trainees will be educated with a holistic perspective of the technology, from fundamentals and fabrication, through characterization, to clinical/research user scenarios. BORGES training will be based on i) acquiring solid background in different scientific and technological fields; ii) exposing trainees to diverse sectors, from academia to technological research centres to industrial nodes; iii) fostering the development of transversal competencies. The BORGES Network is composed by 12 beneficiary institutions and one associate partner. With 4 non-academic nodes, and research centres with a clear industrial drive, BORGES ensures exposure of its fellows to a truly multisectorial environment. The state of the art training received by its fellows in a rapidly growing field with a strong socio-economic impact will fully qualify them to access novel and highly qualified job positions, and to substantially increase their employability and career perspectives.

Keywords: organic electronics,immonosensors,bioelectronics,organic semiconductors,addittive manufacturing,flexible and wearable electronics
Establishment of Smart City Center of Excellence (FINEST TWINS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Spreading excellence and widening participation
Programme: Widening participation and spreading excellence
Theme: Improved access to Excellence
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Estonia,Finland
Call: Teaming Phase 2 (H2020-WIDESPREAD-2018-01, 2018)
Start date: 2019-12-01
End date: 2026-11-30
Duration (months): 84.0
Total project cost (EUR): 15000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 15000000.0
Participants: 5
Project status: SIGNED

The FINEST Twins project will build a multidisciplinary smart-city Center of Excellence (CoE) that mobilises all leading smart city actors and stakeholders in Estonia and establishes solid long-term high-level research, knowledge-transfer and innovation partnerships with the counterparts from the Helsinki region to capitalise on the macro region’s scientific research, innovation and entrepreneurship potential. The CoE will match the leading smart city research centres globally and focus on all five key domains of clean and sustainable smart city development: mobility, energy and built environment glued together by governance and urban analytics & data management (research streams). The FINEST Twins will have a globally unique focus on developing user-driven clean and sustainable smart city solutions that are “cross-border-by-default” in the context of emerging twin city between Tallinn and Helsinki. For this purpose, the CoE will set up an Urban Open Platform Lab (UOP.Lab) that develops and implements Research and Innovation (R&I) pilots. The CoE will attract international expertise and investment, and act as a springboard for exporting Finnish-Estonian knowledge and high-tech solutions globally. In the long run, the CoE has full autonomy, financial sustainability and it will increase Estonian R&I funding by 2% annually with a strong spill-over to the real economy. The CoE will have autonomous management, premises and 5 research streams producing the following KPIs by 2027: ·Estimated 100 research publications annually ·Estimated 150 Horizon 2020/FP9/ERC/Interreg/national submissions during the project period ·Estimated 25 local research and innovation partnerships ·Up to 15 Double degree PhD graduates annually ·The CoE will build knowledge transfer infrastructure, the UOP.Lab, via: · Estimated 100 unit innovation vouchers given out; · Rent-a-PhD and Startup-in-Residence programmes applied to PhDs and companies ·Minimum of 10 cross-border R&I pilots

Keywords: smart city,built environment,smart energy,smart mobility,urban analytics,urban data,governance,digital single market,knowledge transfer,cross border services
The role of social cues for infant word learning (SCIL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: France,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 246668.4
EU funding (EUR): 246668.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Infants start knowing the meaning of some words by 6 months of age and by age two they know hundreds. The mechanisms behind the word learning processes subtending these feats are still poorly understood. Current accounts of infants’ word learning differ about the degree to which word learning is purely a product of increasingly sophisticated perceptual associations, versus a process in which associative learning is implicated, but the main engine of development is fundamentally social and timed by the infant’s grasp of the referential intentions of others when using language. The present project will explore the mechanisms behind word learning (1) by identifying the elements that lead to a word learning advantage in a social situation, (2) by assessing whether infants infer intention from social cues, or whether the latter merely refocus attention, and (3) by testing how long-term word learning is modulated by social cues in naturalistic situations. By assessing both infants (aged 6-10 months) and toddlers (aged 12-16 months), I will determine whether the mechanisms for word learning change with age. I will be able to characterize the role of social cues in young infants’ and toddlers' word learning for the first time by leveraging the cutting-edge technologies of gaze-contingent eye-tracking and infant-friendly automated toys.

Keywords: word learning,developmental social cognition
The Cell Biology of Remyelination (ReMyelin)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2021-09-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The failure of the endogenous regenerative process – remyelination - in chronic Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions leaves axons denuded of myelin and contributes to the neurodegeneration that underlies the progressive disability associated with the disease. Stimulating effective remyelination is therefore a key goal for regenerative medicine. Neuropathological studies in humans and animal models have shown that remyelination results in short, thin myelin sheaths. predicted to be less efficient at accelerating conduction and providing axonal metabolic support - two key functions of the myelin sheath. To this end, this project (ReMyelin) examines intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that might explain these short, thin sheaths. We propose that they result from a combination of altered intrinsic and extrinsic pathways affecting the myelination process. Intrinsic pathways will be revealed by an innovative three-dimensional culture system using artificial axons developed in the laboratory of the host investigator, enabling changes associating with ageing to be revealed, whilst extrinsic pathways will be revealed using a genetic approach that allows the visualization of newly-generated myelin-forming cells (oligodendrocytes) and their myelin sheaths in demyelinated lesions of mice. These studies on the extrinsic pathway will focus on the role of axonal activity, using chemogenetics to activate or inhibit axonal activity focally and rehabilitation to activate the system more globally. Together these experimental approaches will identify the causes for altered sheath geometry in remyelination, with these new discoveries then underpinning future studies targeting these pathways so as to enhance remyelination.

Keywords: myelin biology,neuropathology,brain,multiple sclerosis,imaging,glial cells,oligodendrocyte lineage
The interpretation of retinal activity by the visual thalamus. (RETMUS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-11-01
End date: 2020-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 170630.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Sensory systems of the brain inform cortical centers about the outside world via the thalamus. Despite its central location between the sensory periphery and the primary sensory cortex, the functional role of the thalamus in sensory processing is still largely unknown. Understanding the role of thalamic circuits and their modulation by other brain areas is important for several reasons. First, in order to dissect the functional role of higher brain regions, such as sensory cortical areas, it is critical that we understand what kind of input they receive from the thalamus. The thalamus takes information from several different sensory channels, carrying different sensory features. Whether these features are simply relayed to higher centers, or perhaps recombined into new features in the thalamus, is not known. Second, as a central station in sensory processing, the thalamus is thought to gate behaviorally relevant sensory information. In addition to the input from the sensory periphery, the thalamus receives input from several other brain regions. How these inputs modulate or gate sensory information in vivo is not well understood. Finally, in the case of the visual system, an important unmet medical need is optic nerve degeneration caused by end-stage glaucoma, which leads to blindness. Here the input to thalamus is lost, yet the thalamic and cortical circuits are not severely affected. New methods to reactivate the thalamic neurons by channeling visual information directly to these neurons may help to restore some visual capability after the loss of optic nerve fibers.

Keywords: viral tracing,two photon imaging,retina
Radiation Belt Environmental Indicators for the Safety of Space Assets (SafeSpace)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Theme: Enabling exploitation of space data
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Belgium,Belgium,Greece,France,France,France,Czechia
Call: Space Weather (H2020-SPACE-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2999665.0
EU funding (EUR): 2999665.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The SafeSpace project aims at advancing space weather nowcasting and forecasting capabilities and, consequently, at contributing to the safety of space assets through the transition of powerful tools from research to operations (R2O). This will be achieved through the synergy of five well-established space weather models (CNRS/CDPP solar disturbance propagation tool, KULeuven EUHFORIA CME evolution model, ONERA Neural Network tool, IASB plasmasphere model and ONERA Salammbô radiation belts code), which cover the whole Sun – interplanetary space – Earth’s magnetosphere chain. The combined use of these models will enable the delivery of a sophisticated model of the Van Allen electron belt and of a prototype space weather service of tailored particle radiation indicators. Moreover, it will enable forecast capabilities with a target lead time of 2 to 4 days, which is a tremendous advance from current forecasts, which are limited to lead times of a few hours. SafeSpace will improve radiation belt modelling through the incorporation into the Salammbô model of magnetospheric processes and parameters of critical importance to radiation belt dynamics. Furthermore, solar and interplanetary conditions will be used as initial conditions to drive the advanced radiation belt model and to provide the link to the solar origin and the interplanetary drivers of space weather. This approach will culminate in a prototype early warning system for detrimental space weather events, integrating information all the way from the Sun to the inner magnetosphere. With a major European space company, Thales Alenia Space (TAS-E), as a Partner in SafeSpace, we will define indicators of particle radiation of use to space industry and spacecraft operators. Indicator values will be generated by the advanced radiation belt model and the performance of the prototype service will be evaluated by TAS-E and by other stakeholders, who will be selected in collaboration with the External Advisory Panel.

Keywords: radiation belts,wave particle interactions,cme drivers,cir drivers
FLow chemistry for Isotopic eXchange (FLIX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Hungary,France,France,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Denmark
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3469740.0
EU funding (EUR): 3469740.0
Participants: 10
Project status: SIGNED

FLIX is a radically new concept for the ultimate-stage chemical isotopic labeling of high added-value molecules (drugs, biologics, smart materials) with stable isotopes. It utilizes the unique properties of new generations of catalysts, which specifically and selectively exchange predetermined atoms and chemical motifs of end-use organic compounds. The ultimate outcome of the project is to devise and build a modular and adaptable flow chemistry system for the straightforward and combinable isotopic labeling of complex chemicals and biologics. The ‘FLIX machinery’ will use a combination of specialized reactor modules operating under continuous flow conditions, either in closed-loop or open systems for the on-line H/D, C-12/C-13, N-14/N-15 and methoxy group direct isotopic exchanges with an unprecedented efficacy and without any chemical alteration of the molecules. The project’s objectives are to: 1) develop new generations of organometallic catalysts for isotopic exchange reactions; 2) screen catalysts for the isotopic exchange on a relevant portfolio of organic molecules in batch and flow chemistries and assess catalyst robustness; 3) devise and validate the ‘combinable isotope labeling’ concept; 4) design and build an adaptable multi-module machinery for combinable chemical exchange labeling. FLIX synergistically associates the expertise and innovation potential of a mixed academic/industrial multidisciplinary consortium. The project is expected to have a multi-billion Euro positive impact on all sectors using stable isotopes in particular: 1) drug innovation, by accelerating preclinical studies, de-risking clinical trials and fostering the development of novel deuterated ‘heavy drugs’; 2) design of new tracers for diagnostic imaging with improved biological properties; 3) streamlining the production of multi-labeled complex molecules for NMR studies; 4) the development of novel isotopically-enriched materials.

Keywords: isotopic labeling,flow chemistry,homogenous catalysis,heterogeneous catalysis