Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Spatio-Temporal Modeling for Enhanced Automated Detection and Classification of Non-Mass Lesions in Breast MRI (MAMMA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 243847.8
EU funding (EUR): 243847.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The emphasis of this project lies in the development and evaluation of an intelligent and robust computer-assisted system for detecting and diagnosing breast lesions that present a non-mass-like enhancement and thus lead to a substantial improvement of the quality of breast MRI postprocessing, reduce the number of missed or misinterpreted cases leading to false-negative diagnosis, and avoid unnecessary biopsies for benign lesions or observation for malignant lesions. Non-mass-enhancing lesions represent a diagnostic challenge in breast MRI because of the high variance in morphological and kinetic characteristics and have a lower reported specificity and sensitivity than mass-enhancing lesions. Existing image analysis techniques have proven to be insufficient to capture the unique spatio-temporal behavior of these lesions and aid in the automated differential diagnosis of these lesions. We propose to develop, test and evaluate novel techniques for the detection and diagnosis of non-mass-like enhancing lesions and validate them in three specific experiments that will lead to a substantial improvement in diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. The mobility proposed in this project is for Prof. Anke Meyer-Baese, an expert in the field of pattern recognition techniques in medical imaging, to expand her skill set and research portfolio while working on a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for challenging breast lesions at the University of Maastricht, Department of Radiology in Netherlands. Prof. Meyer-Baese is a Full Professor at Florida State University, USA. A number of specific knowledge transfer objectives are outlined in this proposal. This project will have a strong impact on the European Research Area (ERA) through its innovative research goals, focused knowledge transfer and a new international collaboration, the training of medical and engineering students, and outreach measures.

Keywords: computer-aided diagnosis system,breast cancer,magnetic resonance imaging,diagnostically challenging lesions,advanced signal and image processing techniques,pattern recognition.
Atlantic Late Bronze Age Interaction through Metal Hoards (ALBIMEH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-28
End date: 2016-04-27
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to examine the nature and the degree of interaction between the Late Bronze Age communities of the European Atlantic façade (c. 1300-850 BC) through the study of metal hoards. We propose to determine the similarities and differences expressed by the hoards in different spheres (economic, technological, ideological and religious) by undertaking an intensive and comparative study of the phenomenon in four selected geographical areas. To achieve this objective, priority will be given to obtaining data using a standardised methodology in areas located in different regions on the Atlantic façade (Portugal, Spain, France and England). This is a crucial aspect as previous studies have often been based on partial information that is not very standardised and therefore difficult to analyse in an integrated manner. Hoards constitute an excellent source of information for tracing technological and cultural similarities and differences over extensive geographical areas, given that they reflect deliberate acts of hiding, offering or depositing certain objects. While other facets of the archaeological record may be the result of chance or routine action, in the hoards there is an intentional and conscious dimension that is in keeping with specific, culturally important ideological schemes.

Keywords: archaeology,archaeometry,portable x-ray fluorescence,heritage,museums,metalwork,hoard,deposit,atlantic europe,cultural interaction,ritual,ideology
Dynamics of Terrestrial Gravity Perturbations (GTRACE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 241567.6
EU funding (EUR): 241567.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A new generation of high-precision gravity sensors such as torsion pendulums and atom interferometers, and future concepts for kilometer-scale gravitational-wave (GW) detectors searching for ripples in spacetime from colliding and exploding stars, will make it possible to study gravity perturbations in the frequency range 0.1Hz to 10Hz. These include terrestrial gravity perturbations that are of interest to Earth scientists, but that are considered as noise contribution in GW detectors. The applicant wants to carry out a detailed study of terrestrial gravity perturbations in the above given frequency range. The analysis will include gravity perturbations from fault rupture, and from seismic waves that are predicted to live on interfaces deep inside Earth such as the core-mantel boundary. Numerical simulations will be used to generate full gravity time series based on dynamical models of the sources and of the propagation of the seismic disturbance. This research will provide a completely new approach to understand the first minute of earthquakes. Furthermore, results from the fault-rupture analysis will be used to determine the impact that gravity sensors could have in earthquake-early warning systems. The project will also investigate terrestrial gravity noise in GW detectors with focus on the poorly understood atmospheric perturbations. Infrasound fields, convection and turbulent air flow are all expected to generate significant gravity noise in GW detectors. The goal is to create improved models for atmospheric perturbations partially based on numerical simulations. The results will be used to develop strategies to mitigate this type of gravity noise in GW detectors. The outcome of this research will have great impact on future developments of ground-based GW detection.

Keywords: gravitational waves,terrestrial gravity,newtonian noise,low-frequency,atom interferometers,torsion-bar antennas,atmospheric infrasound,fault rupture,seismic interface waves
Structured Light in Photonics Media (STRUCTURED LIGHT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 256148.4
EU funding (EUR): 256148.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over the last decade structured light in free space — light with a special shaped that endow it with unique propagation characteristics — has led to many exciting new applications, from microscopy and micromanipulation to micromachining. Also, these concepts have gone beyond optics and penetrated other fields, like electron beams. At the same time, researchers have demonstrated new kinds of “photonic media”, among them, photonic crystals, metamaterial, plasmonic materials and photonic lattices. In order to unfold the possible applications of these new photonic media it is essential to have control over the electromagnetic fields propagating within them. The objective of this proposal is to discover new structured electromagnetic waves and beams with unique propagation characteristics in photonic media. By finding how to control the light by just shaping its initial structure, this work will not only make fundamental theoretical contributions to optics and photonics, but will pave the way for new applications. Also, because some wave phenomena are universal, we anticipate that some of our result will contribute to control wave fields of different nature and therefore, it will have an interdisciplinary impact beyond optics. To achieve this, I will study of the Maxwell equations in order to find new solutions, new approximations and, new and better description of the electromagnetic waves and its propagation in photonic media. Also, I will implement simulation of the proposed electromagnetic beams and waves in order to verify, to characterize and to visualize the new physical phenomena. This project will take place at the Technion, under the supervision of Prof. Mordechai Segev. My research experience in structured light and my advanced mathematical knowledge and skills combined with the experience and physical intuition of Prof. Segev, are an ideal combination to trigger many new ideas and discoveries, at the forefront of current research.

Keywords: optics,photonics,electromagnetism,nondiffracting beams,accelerating beams,nolinear optics,lasers,optics and quantum optics,optoelectronics
Meeting governance: the enactment of social skill in inter-organizational meetings (MEETGOV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 271023.0
EU funding (EUR): 271023.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research project studies how social skill - defined as the ability to induce cooperation in others - is enacted in inter-organizational meetings. It does so through the lens of communication theory and by using a combination of conversation analysis and narrative analysis as methods. The observed meetings are conceptualized as "governance units" of the field that the inter-organizational collaboration (IOC) constitutes so that social skill can be linked to the governance of inter-organizational fields. The fellow will be hosted by the Dept. of Communication at the University of Montreal which is internationally known for its Montreal School of Organizational Communication, a key pillar of the proposed research. By acquiring theoretical knowledge and analytical skills at this approach which sees communication as constitutive of organization (CCO approach), the fellow will contribute to the currently flourishing debate about this approach among organizational scholars in Europe. The fellowship will help the fellow develop his career to the level of an assistant professor and it will strengthen existing links between the European and Canadian hosts. The combination of field theory with the CCO approach is an original and innovative endeavour which will contribute to the existing knowledge of the governance of IOCs by focusing on a previously neglected aspect, namely social skill and it's enactment through communication. While social skill is relevant in any collaboration, it is particularly salient in the inter-organizational domain because actors have less organizational structures and routines to rely on in their collaboration. Studying social skill in inter-organizational meetings is thus highly relevant in a world where much depends on the joint effort of multiple organizations while the competition between organizations also increases. Multi-level governace systems like the EU are but one example of where social skill is needed to make others cooperate.

Keywords: sociology,communication,organization studies,meetings,face-to-face interaction,inter-organizational collaboration,governance,field theory,videography,qualitative research
Exploring quantum Aspects of GravitationaL wavE detectors (EAGLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Gravitational-waves, predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity, will open up a new window into the universe. Directly detecting them and eventually extracting information about astronomical phenomena requires new instruments with extremely high sensitivity, which only became feasible recently. The current paradigm of gravitational-wave detectors uses kilometre-scale laser interferometers with suspended mirror-endowed test masses; the so-called advanced gravitational-wave detectors currently under construction are expected to achieve the first direct detection of gravitational waves. However, in order to establish gravitational wave detectors as efficient sources for astrophysical information, the signal to noise ratio of these instruments needs to be improved further. Advanced detectors are expected to be limited by quantum noise around their most sensitive band, which arises from fundamental quantum fluctuations in the optical field. On the one hand, this implies that we need to use quantum mechanics to describe them, and that we must manipulate the quantum coherence to enhance their sensitivities. On the other hand, they provide us, for the first time, with platforms for probing the quantum behaviour of macroscopic objects --- kilogram-scale test masses. In this project, we aim (i) to explore different approaches for reducing quantum noise and (ii) to study tests of quantum mechanics via precision measurements of quantum dynamics of the macroscopic test masses. In particular, we will (i) develop numerical tools for optimizing the quantum noise of complex interferometer configurations; (ii) use quantum measurement theory to better understand the fundamental quantum limit of gravitational wave detectors; and (iii) make a systematic study of how quantum dynamics of macroscopic test masses encode the information of possible modifications to quantum mechanics.

Keywords: gravitational wave,laser interferometry,quantum optics,quantum measurement,optomechanics,metrology,astrophysics
Optical activity of molecules with rotational chirality: Theoretical study of the novel effect (RICHMOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A novel effect of optical activity of highly rotationally excited non-chiral molecules has been proposed in 2004 by Bunker and Jensen (P.R. Bunker, P.Jensen, J. Mol. Spec., 228 (2004) 640), where some symmetric, asymmetric, and spherical type molecules in the states can be stabilized by high rotational excitation and become rotationally chiral. They predicted that enantiomers characterized by the so-called rotational chirality will rotate the plane-polarized light, i.e. become optically active. Although this idea has the potential to give birth to a new paradigm of optical control devices and to stimulate new fruitful developments in quantum optics and material science, it passed unnoticed by the scientific community. In the current project we aim to bridge this gap and present the first theoretical study of the optical activity of rotationally chiral molecules. This study will provide theoretical for future experiments and potential technological applications. To this end a new method will be developed for accurate solution of the quantum nuclear-motion problem for small and medium-sized molecules in the presence of external electromagnetic fields with different polarizations, which still represents a challenge even for small molecules. This method will be applied to simulate the optical activity of molecules in rotationally chiral states and will be generally important for a wide range of applications including materials science, optics and communications, and medicine. It will open the doors for a new type of optical control of molecules by moderate external field.

Keywords: chirality,optical activity,optical rotation,rotational cluster states,ab initio,theoretical method development,ro-vibrational spectroscopy,molecule in electromagnetic field,quantum optics
Mid refractive Index contrast Si photonics platform for telecommunication applications (MIDEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 342273.9
EU funding (EUR): 342273.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Photonic-Electronic convergence on Silicon (Si Photonics) is about to become the new information technology platform for our modern society, in which the appetite for computer power and communications seems unlimited. For many years, the high refractive index contrast optics (HiDex) between Si core and SiO2 cladding is the platform on which Si Photonics is developed. However, the current HiDex Si Photonics will not fulfill ITU-T Telecom standards for the next generation of dense wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). The strong refractive index contrast between Si and SiO2 of the HiDex platform leads to strong light confinement which has serious detrimental effects for dense WDM in terms of power durability (two-photon absorption and four wave mixing), temperature stability, and technological robustness. The fellow proposes to develop a new Si Photonics platform based on mid-refractive index contrast optics (MiDex) to overcome the incompatibilities of current HiDex Si Photonics for the future dense WDM system. This research project will (1) study electro-optical properties of the MiDex platform using CMOS compatible material of Si nitride (SiN) or Si oxynitride (SiOxNy), SiO2, coupled with germanium (Ge) optoelectronic components on ordinary Si wafer, and (2) demonstrate and evaluate its potentials to meet the strict requirements of future dense WDM Telecom system. The fellow anticipates that MiDex can outperform the incumbent HiDex in meeting the aforementioned challenges. The fellow aims to validate the project’s hypothesis that (i) MiDex is free from two-photon absorption and four wave mixing, (ii) MiDex has sufficiently low refractive index dependence on temperature, (iii) MiDex has lower effective index dependence on geometrical errors (low polarization dependence), and (iv) MiDex allows monolithic integration of photonic circuits on a bulk Si substrate. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop 100 Gb/s optical modules for future high-volume short-reach

Keywords: silicon photonics,mid refractive index contrast,sion,gesi,100gb/s optical module
Assisted reproduction beyond the nation state and nuclear family? Transition to parenthood and negotiating relatedness in gay father families created through transnational surrogacy (SURROGARTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 239282.7
EU funding (EUR): 239282.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to examine the experiences, meanings and practices of negotiating relatedness in European gay father families created through surrogacy and egg donation in the UK and, transnationally, in the US. The study of the under-researched and developing phenomenon of surrogacy seeks to identify how reproduction or subversion of mainstream family models by Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ARTs) is shaped by four factors: (a) genetic links between parents and children, (b) participation of more than two parents in the conception of the child, (c) intersected gender and sexuality of the parents, (d) social determinants such as class, race, nationality and bio-political institutions in the transnational context. The comparative framework of the US- and UK-based fieldwork enables comparison between the former free market of ARTs and the latter more regulated one. The theoretical relevance of the project lies in its objective to assess the implications of the current evolution of procreation and care relationships by evaluating the adequacy of the couple logic as opposed to networked-individual approaches. It thus responds, too, to the criticisms of closed adoption or donor anonymity within the framework of the debate on child commodification vs. the inclusion of minority families. The socially relevant and policy-related mobility problems of national register of children born through transnational and transcontinental reproductive tourism are tackled with a view to contributing to the debate on the possibility of a European framework for assisted reproduction. The candidate researcher’s training comprises the development of interdisciplinary methodology of sociological research that incorporates contemporary ethnographic approaches and thus better enables investigation into sensitive issues of intimate life. The skills transference envisages the candidate’s overall contribution into the development of the social study of reproduction at the return host centre.

Keywords: assisted reproduction techniques (arts),transnational surrogacy and egg donation,gay father families,relatedness