Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
CAlcium Rechargeable BAttery Technology (CARBAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Sweden
Call: FET-Open research and innovation actions (H2020-FETOPEN-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2036981.25
EU funding (EUR): 2036981.25
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

We propose calcium based rechargeable batteries to be a FET helping to solve some of the Grand Challenges our modern society is facing: pollution, oil-dependency, and climate change. Today transportation contributes to >25% of the total CO2-emissions globally and while electrification of the sector is on-going still <1% of cars run on batteries – mainly due to issues of cost and driving ranges feasible (energy density limited). While the cost of the totally dominant Li-ion battery (LIB) technology has been reduced by an impressive 50%(!) the last decade, LIBs are slowly reaching their fundamental limits in terms of energy density. Furthermore, the risk of limited lithium supply and associated cost increases cannot be ignored. Therefore, new sustainable battery chemistries must be developed and Next Generation Batteries was indeed ranked as the #2 game-changing technology by the World Economic Forum in Davos 2016. Batteries based on Ca have promise of leap-frog increase in energy densities and are especially attractive as Ca is the 5th most abundant element on Earth’s crust and can be used as metallic anode in conventional wide potential window electrolytes, as recently showcased by the coordinating partner. The main objective of CARBAT builds on this breakthrough and is to achieve proof-of-concept for a Ca anode rechargeable battery with > 650 Wh/kg and > 1400 Wh/l. CARBAT will accomplish this by combining scientific efforts and excellence in computational screening, solid-state and coordination chemistry, materials science, electrochemistry, and battery engineering, and apply this to: (i) develop cathode active materials operating at 4 V and with capacities of 200-300 mAh/g (ii) optimize electrolyte formulations for fast Ca2+ transport (>1 mS/cm), and finally (iii) assembly of 100 mAh full cell demonstrators integrating such materials which will be validated and benchmarked vs. the state-of-the-art Li-ion technology using performance and sustainability indicators.

Keywords: battery materials,new battery technologies,electrodes,electrolytes
Formation, magmatic evolution and present-day structure of the CRUsts of Stagnant-LID planets (CRUSLID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: France,France
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1606031.0
EU funding (EUR): 1606031.0
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

The low density of the Earth’s continental crust has been proposed to be at the origin of plate tectonics. Physical studies on the continental crust have shown that its low density was acquired by differentiation of the crust and loss of dense mafic residues. What is the composition and vertical structure of the crusts of the other terrestrial planets, which do not show plate tectonics? How did they form and what are the modifications they have undergone following their formations? Are they far from being of continental-type? To answer these questions, I propose to study from a physical perspective the crust structure and the processes of crust formation and evolution on terrestrial planets other than Earth using innovative thermal, mechanical and dynamical models combined with new planetary observations. Temperature is a crucial control variable as it dictates phase changes, buoyancy, mechanical properties and stress state. In the crust and stagnant lithosphere of terrestrial planets, temperature is controlled by the distribution of heat producing elements. Lithosphere cooling being the most likely cause of quakes on stagnant-lid planets, we propose to constrain the concentration and distribution of heat producing elements on Mars and the Moon by comparing recorded and predicted seismicity from thermal evolution models. From these thermal evolution models, we will also evaluate the potential for planetary crust differentiation and evolution. From magma ascent models, sensitive to crust density and mechanical state, combined with systematic in quantitative observations of volcanic structures and deposits on terrestrial planets, we will constrain the crust structure and thermal state. Finally, we will develop new models of primitive crust formation in a stagnant lid regime of convection to evaluate the characteristics of primitive crusts on terrestrial bodies.

Keywords: crust,structure,dynamics,seismicity,stagnant lithosphere,magma ocean,thermal evolution,magma transport
Towards p-type conductivity in In0.5Ga0.5N nanocolumns on a Si (100) substrate with GaN buffer layers (PINC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-06-15
End date: 2017-06-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a 24-months-project, working on the growth and characterization of Mg doped InxGa1-xN Nanocolumns (NCs) on a Si (100) substrate with a GaN buffer layer, aiming to achieve the p-type conductivity in In0.5Ga0.5N NCs. In the previous study, selective area growth (SAG) of In(Ga)N NCs on top of a GaN buffered Si substrate by using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) has been achieved. Subsequently, the major challenges for fabricating p-In0.5Ga0.5N/n-In0.5Ga0.5N/p-Si/n-Si stacking solar cells deal with the achievement of controllable p-type conductivity in In0.5Ga0.5N NCs and its reliable assessment. Ordered Mg-doped InxGa1-xN NCs will be grown on a Si (100) substrate with a GaN buffer layer by using PAMBE. The growth will start with Mg-doped In0.3Ga0.7N/GaN NCs. Then Indium mole fraction in subsequent samples will be increased gradually, approaching 0.5. During the process, different characterization measurements will be performed in order to optimize the growth conditions.The proposed project will provide high quality p-type InxGa1-xN, 0.3≤x≤0.5, NCs on a Si (100) substrate with a GaN buffer layer for further processing. The electronic and structural properties of Mg-doped InxGa1-xN, 0.3≤x≤0.5, can be abstracted from the characterization results in the project. The information will fill the research gap in the Mg-doped InxGa1-xN, 0.3≤x≤0.5.

Keywords: p type doping,mg doping,ingan,nanocolumns,si substrate,heteroepitaxy,pambe,irse
Biomimetic trick to re-balance Osteblast-Osteoclast loop in osteoporoSis treatment: a Topological and materials driven approach (BOOST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 74.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1977500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1977500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One out of 5 people in their fifties will experience a bone fracture due to osteoporosis (OP)-induced fragility in their lifetime. The OP socio-economic burden is dramatic and involves tens of millions of people in the EU, with a steadily increasing number due to population ageing. Current treatments entail drug-therapy coupled with a healthy lifestyle but OP fractures need mechanical fixation to rapidly achieve union: the contribution of biomaterial scientists in this field is still far from taking its expected leading role in cutting-edge research. Bone remodelling is a well-coordinated process of bone resorption by osteoclasts followed by the production of new bone by osteoblasts. This process occurs continuously throughout life in a coupling with a positive balance during growth and negative with ageing, which can result in OP. We believe that an architecture driven stimulation of the osteoclast/osteoblast coupling, with an avant-garde focus on osteoclasts activity, is the key to success in treating unbalanced bone remodelling. We aim to manufacture a scaffold that mimics healthy bone features which will establish a new microenvironment favoring a properly stimulated and active population of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, i.e. a well-balanced bone cooperation. After 5 years we will be able to prove the efficacy of this approach. A benchmark will be set up for OP fracture treatment and for the realization of smart bone substitutes that will be able to locally “trick” aged bone cells stimulating them to act as healthy ones. BOOST results will have an unprecedented impact on the scientific research community, opening a new approach to set up smart, biomimetic strategies to treat aged, unbalanced bone tissues and to reduce OP-associated disabilities and financial burdens.

Keywords: scaffold,mesoporous glasses,additive manufacturing,bone mimicking,osteoporosis
Efficient Formally Secure Compilers to a Tagged Architecture (SECOMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Germany,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498444.0
EU funding (EUR): 368220.25
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Severe low-level vulnerabilities abound in today’s computer systems, allowing cyber-attackers to remotely gain full control. This happens in big part because our programming languages, compilers, and architectures were designed in an era of scarce hardware resources and too often trade off security for efficiency. The semantics of mainstream low-level languages like C is inherently insecure, and even for safer languages, establishing security with respect to a high-level semantics does not guarantee the absence of low-level attacks. Secure compilation using the coarse-grained protection mechanisms provided by mainstream hardware architectures would be too inefficient for most practical scenarios. This project is aimed at leveraging emerging hardware capabilities for fine-grained protection to build the first, efficient secure compilers for realistic programming languages, both low-level (the C language) and high-level (ML and a dependently-typed variant). These compilers will provide a secure semantics for all programs and will ensure that high-level abstractions cannot be violated even when interacting with untrusted low-level code. To achieve this level of security without sacrificing efficiency, our secure compilers will target a tagged architecture, which associates a metadata tag to each word and efficiently propagates and checks tags according to software-defined rules. We will experimentally evaluate and carefully optimize the efficiency of our secure compilers on realistic workloads and standard benchmark suites. We will use property-based testing and formal verification to provide high confidence that our compilers are indeed secure. Formally, we will construct machine-checked proofs of full abstraction with respect to a secure high-level semantics. This strong property complements compiler correctness and ensures that no machine-code attacker can do more harm to securely compiled components than a component in the secure source language already could.

Keywords: security,compilers,programming,low level attacks,memory safety,sandboxing,full abstraction,dynamic monitoring,tagged hardware,composition,formal methods,formal verification,testing
Advanced Lighting Management System for film production, smart lighting and creative industry (DSLIGHT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Estonia
Call: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme (implemented through the SME instrument) (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Amateur filmmakers need seamless process and lower cost of film production, more creative freedom (functionality, effects, central management), affordable tools of filmmaking. Company has previously developed diruptive lighting solutions for professional market, which are used globally, incl. Hollywood studios. After sucess in professional market, company wants to target much larger amateur market. During the project, company will develop Advanced Lighting Management Solution (ALMS) for amateur film production market that offers professional-grade lighting functionality for 80% lower cost. ALMS central management software for tablets/smartphones is integrated into film production process and it reduces total cost of film production process by 30%. Plus, feature rich ALMS will provide drastically improved creative freedom for creative industry. ALMS can also be used for central precision management of smart lighting to achieve maximum energy savings with minimum effort. Company has extensive experience and know-how in film production, which helps design the correct usability and functionality of ALMS, so it will support the process of film production. ALMS will reduce need for crew, electricity, lighting equipment, transportation, training and will increase efficiency of film production process. Phase I tasks: engaging 20 early adopter users and 4 early adopter manufacturers of lights for cooperation in R&D process; engaging 4 early adopter manufacturers of lights to develop new communication protocol strategy and integration strategy with ALMS; developing strategy and specifications for phase II; planning and budgeting test-sites with 12 early adopters; developing business and project plans. Phase II funding: €2m (test sites, development of ALMS)

Keywords: sophisticated led lighting systems,film production process,software development,central management software,smart lighting,communication protocols
Mapping Remediation in Italian Literature Beyond the Digital Revolution (MAREITA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175866.0
EU funding (EUR): 175866.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this Fellowship is to develop a strong academic profile by improving my publications record and working in highly interdisciplinary research environments, so as to establish myself as a leading voice in the research on the interconnections between literary and electronic culture and to secure a permanent academic position at a European university. I will carry out my research at the School of Languages, Literature and Cultural Studies at Trinity College Dublin, under the supervision of Dr Clodagh Brook. My project investigates the intermedial dialogue between Italian literature, from the mid-1950s up to the present day, and electronic media. I will combine interdisciplinary critical analyses of literary texts with Social Network Analysis and a quantitative approach to the phenomenon of remediation in literature. The main outputs will be a monograph dedicated to the subject and a website hosting the SNA graphs resulting from my work. Two main research training components will allow me to achieve my goals: I will gain expertise in interdisciplinary research applied to literature through Dr Brook’s mentorship and thanks to the collaboration with the AHRC-funded research project ‘Interdisciplinary Italy 1900-2020: Interart/Intermedia’, for which Dr Brook is the Primary International Investigator. The opportunity to be a part of this research team—the only one currently working on the topic—will allow me to hone my research skills and develop my professional network. Secondly, I will improve my coding skills and learn how to create and analyse network graphs using the necessary software by collaborating with the Centre for Digital Humanities at the Trinity Long Room Hub Arts & Humanities Research Institute. Not only has the Centre an international reputation and vast expertise, but its ongoing project K-PLEX (Horizon 2020) on Humanities and big data shares some of my research aims and methodology, thus opening up possibilities for a fertile collaboration.

Keywords: italian literature,electronic media,remediation,interdisciplinarity,intermediality,social network analysis,digital humanities,quantitative analysis
Functions of the X chromosome in the mammalian germ line (XChromosome)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Panel description: Structure and function of the cell, cell-cell communication, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, growth, development, evolution of development, organoids, stem cells, regeneration, therapeutic approaches
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-11-01
End date: 2022-04-30
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1912369.0
EU funding (EUR): 1912369.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Male and female mammals differ in their sex chromosome complement: males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY), while females have two X chromosomes (XX). Decades of research have demonstrated that the Y chromosome is crucial for male fertility, regulating both sex differentiation and spermatogenesis. However, the role of the X chromosome in these critical stages of germ line development remains poorly understood. In this proposal, we will explore the functions of the X chromosome in the mammalian germ line. In eutherian mammals, sex determination is dependent on the Y-gene Sry, but in the other major mammalian class, the metatherians, it is controlled not only by a Y-locus, but also by the complement of X chromosomes. In Aim 1 we will apply CRISPR-mediated genome editing to metatherian mammals in order to identify these critical X and Y sex-determining genes. Our findings will provide insight into mammalian sex chromosome evolution and the aetiology of human sex differentiation disorders. In addition to its role in sex determination, the X chromosome is also predicted to become evolutionarily specialised for spermatogenesis. Consistent with this theory, we discovered that the mouse X chromosome is enriched in genes expressed exclusively in developing sperm. These genes are present in multiple copies, and together comprise an unprecedented 18% of the mouse X chromosome gene content. Many could be important candidates for unexplained male infertility. However, the functions of these genes have not been determined, because they cannot be manipulated using conventional gene targeting strategies. In Aim 2, we will use CRISPR to establish the roles of X-multicopy genes in male reproduction.

Keywords: sex chromosomes,germ cell development,infertility
Movement networks and genetic evolution among tropical hunter-gatherers of island Southeast Asia (MOBILE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499991.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499991.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Human evolution has been punctuated by a handful of behavioural transitions driving greater social complexity – examples include the use of tools, language and farming. The shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture specifically involved a series of new co-evolutionary relationships with other species, including domesticates, diseases, and our own microbiome. Unusually, these transitions are also ongoing. Those few hunting and gathering groups that remain are near-universally experiencing radical changes in mobility and diet as they interact more intensely with their settled, agricultural neighbours. MOBILE will study the impacts of mobility on biological diversity and evolution in some of the last remaining hunter-gatherers in rapidly developing Southeast Asia, an under-studied cradle of human evolution. The project will generate spatially embedded social networks from Indonesian hunter-gatherer communities at various stages of the lifestyle transition. It will combine this data with multi-species genomics and detailed simulations to understand how social interactions maintain community biological diversity in small, traditional societies, and how movement redistributes variation allowing for adaptation over rapid, intra-generational time scales. MOBILE will unify the genetic study of diversity, demography and natural selection at microgeographic scales using simulations and novel remote sensing mobility data, enriching our understanding of tropical forest hunter-gatherers and of the role of mobility as a force in human evolution more broadly.

Keywords: social networks,mobility,hunter gatherers,biological diversity,human evolution