Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Precision measurements to discover new scalar and vector particles (PRECISION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2022-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498248.75
EU funding (EUR): 1498248.75
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Standard Model of particle physics successfully describes all known particles and their interactions. However, questions like the nature of dark matter or the hierarchy of masses and couplings of quarks and leptons remain to be understood. Hence, one searches for new phenomena that will lead to a superior theory that can explain these questions. All such theories introduce additional quantum corrections. Decay rates of processes which are strongly suppressed in the Standard Model are highly sensitive to these corrections. The LHCb experiment at CERN has recorded the world’s largest sample of beauty mesons. In the five years of this proposal, this sample will be enlarged by more than a factor of five. This sets an optimal environment for precision tests for new phenomena in strongly suppressed beauty decays. This proposal aims to discover new scalar or vector particles in precision measurements of leptonic and semi-leptonic beauty decays. These new particles are not predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics, a potential discovery would mark the most important finding in High Energy Physics of the last decades. Some existing anomalies in flavour data can be interpreted as hints for the particles searched for in this proposal. Two classes of measurements are planned within this proposal: the complete scan of purely leptonic beauty decays which include flavour changing neutral current as well as lepton flavour violating modes. Lepton flavour universality is tested in loop decays through a novel inclusive strategy. All proposed measurements will advance the world’s knowledge significantly and have a large discovery potential.

Keywords: flavour physics,lepton flavour
Self-assessment Oracles for Anticipatory Testing (PRECRIME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2313250.0
EU funding (EUR): 2313250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

One of the long-lasting dreams in science fiction is the ability to arrest criminals before they even commit crimes. Software testing researchers have a similar dream: when the context for a bug manifestation occurs in the field, the goal is to discover and fix the bug before it causes any in-field failure. In fact, current practice of pre-release testing is severely limited when dealing with autonomous AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems (such as self-driving cars, robots, automated traders, virtual doctors and customer service chatbots), running in complex, rapidly changing environments, which cause their run-time adaptation, learning and knowledge acquisition, because pre-release testing cannot exhaustively explore all different contexts and states in which the software will be running. The PRECRIME project introduces a new, disruptive view on testing, called anticipatory testing and aimed at fixing bugs before they even manifest themselves in the field. Anticipatory testing is activated at run-time by a new type of oracles, called self-assessment oracles, which observe and report unexpected execution contexts. A self-assessment oracle is an estimator of the system’s confidence in being able to handle a new execution context correctly. The goal of anticipatory testing is to anticipate any failure that might occur in the field due to unexpected execution contexts. Whenever an execution context monitored at runtime by self-assessment oracles is estimated as a low confidence context for the system, anticipatory testing exercises the software automatically and extensively in similar contexts. Timely activation of anticipatory testing by runtime observations results in early, anticipatory fault detection. Combined with automated patch synthesis, anticipatory testing leads to the release of a patch for the fault before any software failure occurs in the field.
Dietary Influences on Metastasis: How, When, and Why (LIPOMET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 68.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2370625.0
EU funding (EUR): 2370625.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

We have recently identified metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) in several types of tumors (Nature, 2017)1. Intriguingly, MICs: (i) are exclusive in their ability to generate metastases when transplanted; (ii) express the fatty acid channel CD36 and have a unique lipid metabolic signature; (iii) are exquisitely sensitive to the levels of fat in circulation, thus providing a link between the predisposition of metastasis and dietary fat; (iv) are highly sensitive to CD36 inhibition, which almost completely abolishes their metastatic potential. We still do not know how MICs promote metastasis or how MICs are influenced by dietary fat. In particular: (A) where are MICs located within the tumor, and does this location influence their behavior? How and where do they attach and expand at metastatic sites? (B) Why are MICs so sensitive to specific dietary lipids, and how do these lipids promote metastasis at the molecular and cellular levels? (C) Is the prolonged consumption of a high-fat diet a risk factor for developing metastatic tumors? If so, what are the underlying genetic and epigenetic causes for this effect? Can we revert these causes? To answer these questions, we will combine state-of-the-art in vivo functional models of metastasis, with quantitative metabolomics and proteomics, epigenetic and geographical position (3D) single-cell transcriptomic studies, as well as integrative computational analyses, using preclinical models and patientderived carcinomas of melanoma, oral cancer and breast cancer. We expect our project to provide fundamental insights into the mechanisms of metastasis, and how they are influenced by diet. This is highly relevant as 1) large quantities of fatty acids are typically consumed in Western diets; and 2) metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. We also tackle a timely medical unmet need by exploring the therapeutic anti-metastatic potential of targeting fatty acid metabolism in cancer patients.

Keywords: metastasis,metastatic initiating cells,fatty acids,diet,molecular mechanisms
Epigenetic silencing of transposable elements in Lake Malawi cichlids (TSILENCICH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-07-01
End date: 2023-10-17
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Proper regulation of transposable elements (TEs) by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) is critical for fertility and embryogenesis in animals. Because TEs need to evade silencing to replicate, they are engaged in an evolutionary arms race-type of genetic conflict with their host. These arms races between TEs and the piRNA pathway result in rapid evolution of piRNAs and piRNA regulatory factors, which in turn leads to genetic incompatibilities observable in interspecific hybrids that are relevant to speciation. New evidence supports the fast evolution of piRNA pathway factors in the cichlid radiation of Lake Malawi, where 800-1000 different species have evolved in only 800,000 years. The main objective of TSILENCICH is to understand how TEs and piRNAs co-evolved in these animals, throughout their explosive diversification. I have recently identified an expansion of piRNA pathway factors in Lake Malawi cichlids. While these factors are enriched in the germline in most metazoan species, in cichlids these genes exhibit remarkably higher expression in the brain, suggesting novel functions. I will construct new tools to test if piRNAs regulate the expression of TEs in the cichlid brain, and what role this regulation might play in brain development. In addition, I will test the hypothesis that TE epigenetic silencing is compromised in cichlid interspecific hybrids, utilizing A. calliptera and Tropheops sp. mauve, two cichlids with distinct eco-morphological and behavioural characteristics, and their hybrids. I will profile the epigenetic landscape in the parental species, as well as in fertile F1 and F2 hybrids, to investigate if TE expression becomes progressively more imbalanced across generations. The proposed work will shed light on the origin of piRNA pathway/TE conflicts and on novel somatic piRNA-driven TE epigenetic silencing in vertebrates.

Keywords: epigenetics,pirnas,transposable elements,piwi argonaute,dna methylation,genetic conflict
NITROX- Nitrogen regeneration under changing oxygen conditions (NITROX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2018-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nitrogen (N) is a limiting nutrient for life in the ocean and the atmospheric pool of dinitrogen gas (N2) is only accessible to a limited group of microbes. Classically, those N2-fixers were supposed to be mainly present in nutrient depleted surface waters. Recent studies, however, suggest that in oxygen depleted waters, such as e.g. present in the tropical oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) or in semi-enclosed basins of the Baltic Sea, a broad diversity of N2-fixers is present. This N2-fixing community and it’s potential to contribute to the N-budget of the ocean is largely understudied, but is of critical importance, as human-made climate change leads to a loss of oxygen from the ocean. To date a systematic investigation of N2-fixation in OMZ waters and its controls and feedbacks is missing; the exploration of this important but largely understudied topic is now addressed by the present proposal ‘NITROX- Nitrogen Regeneration under changing Oxygen conditions'. NITROX will allow to characterize and quantify factors controlling N2-fixation and primary productivity in a systematic manner. Rate determinations for C- and N2-fixation will provide valuable information about the significance of O2 depletion and the development of sulfidic conditions for the functionality of N2-fixation and primary productivity. By integrating biogeochemical rate measurements and metabolomic information into the previously applied meta-omic approach, this project will for the first time illuminate the potential of the diazotrophic community to respond to ocean deoxygenation and sulphidic anoxia, both of which are considered key challenges of the future ocean.

Keywords: ocean deoxygenation,nitrogen fixation,nitrogen cycle,rate measurements,meta omics,iron limitation
Migration and Democratic Diffusion: Comparing the Impact of Migration on Democratic Participation and Processes in Countries of Origin (MIGRADEMO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 80.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1451264.0
EU funding (EUR): 1451264.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The objective of this project is to unravel the impact of migration on democratic participation and processes in countries of origin. Both international migration and democratic development are important contemporary public and policy concerns. Recent studies of transnational migrant practices have uncovered how migrants influence democratic participation in their homelands through the remittance of money and newfound ideas about democracy from afar or through return. Yet, there is still little comparative knowledge of how these processes intersect with broader economic, social and political transformations in countries of origin. Moreover, complex migration experiences and nonlinear processes of democratization in countries of origin point to the need for a more nuanced conceptualization of what kind of political ideas circulate and are negotiated among migrants, return migrants and non-migrants in countries of origin. The proposed project outlines an ambitious long-term comparative research strategy to analyse and theorize the scope and dynamics of processes of democratic diffusion through migration. The research strategy of the project is innovative in combining analysis of democratic diffusion across three countries of origin and at three levels of democratic participation and processes: individual citizens, civil society and among political leaders and representatives. To that end the project draws on both statistical and qualitative research methods and analysis. The project will analyse already existing aggregate data on remittances and political behaviour and, importantly, generate new comprehensive datasets based on surveys and in-depth qualitative research among non-migrants and returnees in countries of origin. Consequently, the project will contribute to our theoretical understanding of the conditions under which migration can influence democratic processes as well as the broader research fields of democracy studies, migration and citizenship.

Keywords: migration,migrant transnational practices,democratic diffusion,political participation,civil society,economic remittances,social remittances,political elite
Multi-source Big Data Fusion Driven Proactivity for Intelligent Mobility (OPTIMUM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Greece,Slovenia,Slovenia,Hungary,Greece,Serbia,Greece,Belgium,United Kingdom,Luxembourg,Portugal,United Kingdom
Call: Connectivity and information sharing for intelligent mobility (H2020-MG-2014_TwoStages, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5966186.25
EU funding (EUR): 5966186.0
Participants: 20
Project status: CLOSED

Transportation sector undergoes a considerable transformation as it enters a new landscape where connectivity is seamless and mobility options and related business models are constantly increasing. Modern transportation systems and services have to mitigate problems emerging from complex mobility environments and intensive use of transport networks including excessive CO2 emissions, high congestion levels and reduced quality of life. Due to the saturation of most urban networks, innovative solutions to the above problems need to be underpinned by collecting, processing and broadcasting an abundance of data from various sensors, systems and service providers. Furthermore, such novel transport systems have to foresee situations in near real time and provide the means for proactive decisions, which in turn will deter problems before they even emerge. Our vision is to provide the required interoperability, adaptability and dynamicity in modern transport systems for a proactive and problem-free transportation system. OPTIMUM will establish a largely scalable, distributed architecture for the management and processing of multisource big-data, enabling continuous monitoring of transportation systems needs and proposing proactive decisions and actions in an (semi-) automatic way. OPTIMUM follows a cognitive approach based on the Observe, Orient, Decide, Act loop of the big data supply chain for continuous situational awareness. OPTIMUM's goals will be achieved by incorporating and advancing state of the art in transport and traffic modeling, travel behavior analysis, sentiment analysis, big data processing, predictive analysis and real-time event-based processing, persuasive technologies and proactive recommenders. The proposed solution will be deployed in real-life pilots in order to realise challenging use cases in the domains of proactive improvement of transport systems quality and efficiency, proactive charging for freight transport and Car2X communication integration.

Keywords: proactivity,real time big data processing,data fusion,personalized traveller information,opinion mining,system aware optimization,predictive analytics,forecasting modeling,adaptive charging sc
Modelling of rheologically stratified granular flows by a multi-layer depth-averaged approach (StratifiedGRANULAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2021-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Geophysical granular flows, like rock avalanches and debris flows, represent a serious hazard to life and infrastructures in Europe. Yet their dynamics is still far from being completely understood. Recent experimental investigations on granular flows showed that velocity and solid volume fraction exhibit a stratified pattern along the flow depth. This indicates the superimposition of different rheological regimes. Moreover, non-local rheological theories have been recently proposed for capturing momentum exchanges, driven by the occurrence of force chains. The present multidisciplinary project aims at developing a computationally cost-effective multi-layer depth-averaged model for describing rheologically stratified granular flows. The model, having much lower computational costs than three-dimensional models, will be designed to capture the essential physics of granular flows in the depth-wise direction. To properly take into account the curvature effects due to basal topography, the model equations will be derived in curvilinear coordinates attached to the topography. Moreover, a suitable non-local constitutive law will be incorporated. The resulting equations will be numerically integrated by a proper finite volume scheme, taking into account their main mathematical properties, i.e. non-strict hyperbolicity and non-conservative form. The model validation will be carried out by using a wide experimental data set, previously gathered by the applicant on dry granular flows. The last stage of the project is devoted to extending the multi-layer approach to cases with dense interstitial fluid, so as to allow its application to debris flows. In line with H2020 priorities, especially as regards sustainable human settlements and their resilience to natural hazards due to climate changes, the project has the potential to provide an advanced mathematical-numerical tool for better identifying the hazardous areas associated with avalanches and debris flows.

Keywords: granular flows,debris flows,rheology,multi layer depth averaged model,shallow water,non conservative hyperbolic system
ProgrammE in Costing, resource use measurement and outcome valuation for Use in multi-sectoral National and International health economic evaluAtions (PECUNIA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Methods and data
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Spain,Germany,Austria,Hungary,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Methods research for improved health economic evaluation (H2020-SC1-2017-Single-Stage-RTD, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2021-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2999943.75
EU funding (EUR): 2999943.75
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

ProgrammE in Costing, resource use measurement and outcome valuation for Use in multi-sectoral National and International health economic evaluAtions (PECUNIA) addresses the call SC1-PM-20-2017 Methods research for improved health economic evaluation. The consortium brings together 10 partners from 6 countries with complementary methodological expertise. It represents differing health care systems with varying feasibility and acceptability of economic evaluations in evidence-informed decision making. Some countries have established national unit cost programmes (DE, NL, UK), some early stage initiatives (AT, ES, HU). Availability of health utility value sets for outcome evaluations and requirements in terms of the primary analytical perspective of economic evaluations (health & social care vs. societal) also differ. Over 36 months, PECUNIA will develop standardised, harmonised and validated multi-sectoral, multi-national and multi-person methods, tools and information for 1) self-reported resource use measurement, 2) reference unit cost valuation, 3) cross-national health utility assessment, and 4) broader wellbeing measurement. To achieve the widest impact possible and exploit its disruptive innovation potential for end users, decision makers, payers and the industry, the work will be executed in close collaboration with 5) external scientific advisors and broad outreach to all relevant stakeholders. Considering feasibility and relevant societal challenges in the European health systems, selected mental health disease areas (depression, schizophrenia, PTSD) will be used as illustrative examples for cost assessment. PECUNIA will lead to better understanding of the variations in costs and outcomes within and across countries, improve the quality, comparability and transferability of economic evaluations in Europe, and support the feasibility of broader economic and societal impacts measurement and valuation in multi-sectoral economic evaluations also for HTA.

Keywords: economic evaluation,cost assessment,outcome assessment,unit cost,resource use measurement,multi sectoral,societal,multi national,multi person,utility,wellbeing,self reported,prom