Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Earth’s core from multi-satellite observations (CoreSat)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1828708.0
EU funding (EUR): 1828708.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Earth's magnetic field plays a fundamental role in our planetary habitat, controlling interactions between the Earth and the solar wind. Here, I propose to use magnetic observations, made simultaneously by multiple satellites, along with numerical models of outer core dynamics, to test whether convective processes can account for ongoing changes in the field. The geomagnetic field is generated by a dynamo process within the core converting kinetic energy of the moving liquid metal into magnetic energy. Yet observations show a region of persistently weak field in the South Atlantic that has grown in size in recent decades. Pinning down the core dynamics responsible for this behaviour is essential if we are to understand the detailed time-dependence of the geodynamo, and to forecast future field changes. Global magnetic observations from the Swarm constellation mission, with three identical satellites now carrying out the most detailed ever survey of the geomagnetic field, provide an exciting opportunity to probe the dynamics of the core in exquisite detail. To exploit this wealth of data, it is urgent that contaminating magnetic sources in the lithosphere and ionosphere are better separated from the core-generated field. I propose to achieve this, and to test the hypothesis that core convection has controlled the recent field evolution in the South Atlantic, via three interlinked projects. First I will co-estimate separate models for the lithospheric and core fields, making use of prior information from crustal geology and dynamo theory. In parallel, I will develop a new scheme for isolating and removing the signature of polar ionospheric currents, better utilising ground-based data. Taking advantage of these improvements, data from Swarm and previous missions will be reprocessed and then assimilated into a purpose-built model of quasi-geostrophic core convection.

Keywords: earth s core,satellite geomagnetism
Commercial feasibility assessment of the first single-photon detector for CT (PICOPROP4CT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC-Proof of Concept (ERC-2017-PoC, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The reduction of radiation exposure in Computed Tomography (CT) remains a pressing medical need in radiology and a major growth opportunity for the medical imaging industry. As part of our ERC research, we have identified a novel method to produce crystalline, photo-sensitive nanowires. These nanowires show a remarkable sensitivity, nearing single-photon detection; about 100 times better than current detectors. This could cause a seismic shift in medical imaging as it will drastically increase the safety of CT and open up many new applications for CT as a modality. In this project, we will assess the commercial feasibility of this novel detector. As part of this study we will investigate the scalability of our technology and characteristics of the market and will develop and implement a sound business strategy.

Keywords: computed tomography,x ray detector,nanowires
Collectivism in the Digital Era: Novel Approaches to Worker Mobilization and Interest Representation (CODE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Throughout Europe, trade unionism is in decline. Membership levels have fallen, the coverage of collective bargaining has contracted, and union influence has decreased in the workplace, the labour market, and the corridors of political power. While the consequences for individuals and societies are contested, a wealth of evidence suggests that this has contributed to a widening of the gap between the wealthiest and the poorest in our societies. Wealth inequalities and economic insecurity have been linked, meanwhile, to resurgent nationalism and the growing popularity of extremist political parties in several European states and elsewhere. In the last few years, there have been intriguing signs of the beginnings of revitalisation: of new forms of trade unionism and or worker claim articulation, representation and mobilisation, that harness social media and other forms of digital technology to reach and communicate with workers, including young workers. Conscious of the high stakes involved CODE investigates examples in the UK, Spain and Greece. Constructing case studies, it seeks to establish what kinds of worker mobilisation and collective action have been and are likely to be successful in the current digital era. Through contextual analysis and comparison, it aims to identify how interest representation and workers’ empowerment might be enhanced. In particular, it considers what role law and other institutions, both public and private, might play in enabling this process. Which innovative legal solutions can be designed to assist mobilization and interest representation in the digital era? In pursuing these objectives, CODE advances beyond the state of the art by employing and further developing a cutting-edge interdisciplinary approach to the study of labour markets and labour law. As such, it makes a contribution of real theoretical and practical significance to the reversal of trends towards union decline and inequalities of wealth and opportunity.

Keywords: trade unionism,collective action,labour law,worker mobilization,employment relations,social media
Activated GEnebank NeTwork (AGENT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Israel,Spain,Italy,Germany,Germany,Switzerland,Poland,Switzerland,Bulgaria,Hungary,Poland,Romania,Slovakia,Russian Federation,France,Czechia,Czechia,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Lebanon
Call: Genetic resources and pre-breeding communities (H2020-SFS-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2020-05-01
End date: 2025-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7258537.5
EU funding (EUR): 7199787.5
Participants: 22
Project status: SIGNED

AGENT aims to transform genebanks (GB) from living archives into bio-digital resources centres, equipped to meet the needs of a changing world. Fifteen GB and four genebank genomic centers will create a network to work exemplarily on barley and wheat for (i) establishing a European (global) crop genomic diversity atlas, (ii) activating currently inaccessible legacy phenotypic data, (iii) implementing a novel concept of concerted accumulation of phenologic and agronomic data for individual GenRes collections to establish training population datasets for the genome-wide prediction of untested GenRes accessions. Phenotyping will take into account diverse environmental conditions (climate, soil, geography, pathogens) provided by the diversity of eco-geographic locations of the participating GB and their partners. These activities will be supported by a bioinformatics network that will implement FAIR data principles, standards, protocols, and data formats enabling data storage, access, use, and re-use, extending the existing EURISCO GenRes portal for new data types. AGENT will use existing solutions established by ongoing European projects and international initiatives, but also develop new tools for novel functionality of data access, visualisation, and use, which will be connected and implemented via plugin or web-services, allowing their incorporation in EURISCO and other data portals, and their easy application to other crop GenRes, based on data already available at EURISCO or provided by AGENT partner GB. A coordinated testing network is another unique layer of AGENT, directly involving stakeholders (e.g. farmer cooperatives, breeding companies, NGOs) in monitoring, mentoring, capacity building and training in the development of workflows and tools. Thus, AGENT project results will be directly disseminated to GB, researchers, breeders, policy makers and the general public and raise awareness of the general as well as the specific societal importance of GenRes.

Keywords: wheat,barley,legacy data,eurisco,genomics,phenomics,diversity atlas,standards,database,fair,information management,bioinformatics,genebank,quality management,european evaluation network
Reverse engineering collective action: complex technologies in stateless societies (REVERSEACTION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANT (ERC-2020-ADG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2484690.0
EU funding (EUR): 2484690.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Cooperation is a markedly human mix of innate and learned behaviour, and a key to tackling some of our greatest concerns. Paradoxically, studies of social dynamics often focus on hierarchies, state formation and political structures ruled by coercive power, with comparatively little regard to the mechanisms whereby humans voluntarily collaborate. Encouragingly, new research on collective action is reconciling classic anthropology with game theory and empirical studies of group resource management, thus heralding a fundamental transformation. Archaeological collective action studies have mostly concentrated on subsistence and relatively simple technologies. There is a perplexing lack of research on cooperative production of luxury items, i.e. those materialising exceptional investment in materials, skill and/or labour, and not geared towards subsistence. Evidence for goldwork, polychrome textile-making and lapidary work in stateless societies provides compelling proof that complex technologies could be sustained in the absence of coercive powers, but explanations are lacking. How can complex technological systems be sustained in the absence of coercive political administrations? To address this question, REVERSEACTION will deploy archaeological science methods to the reverse engineering of archaeological artefacts made of multiple materials, combined with environmental studies, and fostering exploratory collaborations with anthropology, sociology, management studies and crafts. A key focus will be placed on two stateless societies of Pre-Columbian America: Muisca and Nariño. These offer a wealth of relevant materials, including goldwork, ceramics, lithics and textiles. Incorporating technological studies, raw material sourcing, and formal analyses of skill and knowledge transmission, the data will be used to test hypotheses on the role of cross-craft interaction in ensuring resilience, and on the relationships between ritual, complex technologies, and innovations.

Keywords: archaeological science,colombia,chiefdoms,luxury,reverse engineering,technology,collective action
Inducible Human Photoreceptors for Research, Development and Therapy to Prevent Blindness (iPhotoreceptors)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Panel description: Biotechnology using all organisms, biotechnology for environment and food applications, applied plant and animal sciences, bioengineering and synthetic biology, biomass and biofuels, biohazards
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call: Call for proposals for ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2020-PoC, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158295.15
EU funding (EUR): 130644.65
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

One of the major causes of adult visual impairment and blindness in industrialized countries is the progressive dysfunction and death of photoreceptor cells (PR) as a result of retinal degenerative diseases. Current treatment options are still insufficient to counteract these forms of blindness. The development of many drugs and therapies fail in preclinical stages because the used animal models are suboptimal for translating results from the bench to the bedside. Especially, for testing the transplantation of human PRs, which is currently extensively explored as a treatment option for late stages of retinal degeneration, the biggest bottleneck is the lack of PR material in sufficient quantity and quality. Within the ERC Starting Grant ProNeurons, my team and I have developed a disruptive technology to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to PR precursor cells by overexpressing three transcription factors yielding in up to 60% in only 10 days. Our technology allows fast, efficient and unlimited production of PRs essential as testbeds for drug screenings, for further disease research and for photoreceptor replacement therapies. Within the PoC actions, we strive for bringing the induced PRs closer to the market. We will finalize the last product development steps and FTO reviews to define the final products such as PR differentiation kits and/or cryopreserved PRs for research, development and therapy. We will identify and approach industrial exploitation partners for out-licensing or further funding. The final goal of commercializing the induced PRs is to aid the development of new drugs to treat retinal degenerative diseases.

Keywords: retinal degenerative disease,hipsc technology,human photoreceptors,drug screening,cell therapy,research and development,biomedicine,vision restoration
The Prelude to Psychosis: Brain network analysis in emerging schizophrenia (PRE-PSYCH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2021-02-19
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 242929.8
EU funding (EUR): 242929.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent psychotic episodes that typically commence in early adulthood. There is consistent evidence for anatomical and functional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia, but their timing is unclear. Changes in behavior and cognition precede the first psychotic episode by many years, suggesting that the underlying neurobiological process predates the onset of psychosis. Clarifying the neurobiology of the pre-onset or ‘prodromal’ phase will facilitate the development of early intervention and prevention strategies for schizophrenia. I hypothesize that disruptions in the anatomical brain network, and associated disturbances in functional integration among specialized neural circuits, drive changes in behavior and cognition in the prodromal phase. In this project, I have the opportunity to test my hypothesis in a unique sample of medication-naive adolescents and young adults with early signs of impending psychosis, that are followed prospectively as they progress through the vulnerable prodromal period. This sample is collected as part of an ongoing NIMH-funded collaborative research program between a multidisciplinary Harvard/MIT research team and the Shanghai Mental Health Center. Using network science as a mathematical framework, I propose to study brain network architecture in this sample of youths with early signs of impending psychosis, to assess how disruptions in the brain’s network underlie prodromal symptoms and cognition, whether early neuroinflammation contributes to brain network deficits, and to test brain network metrics as early identifiers of emerging psychosis.

Keywords: schizophrenia,prodromal phase,clinical high risk,neuroimaging,diffusion weighted imaging,functional imaging,brain network,connectomics,graph theory
Forecast of time-varying effects of post-GFC monetary policy + a novel computing application (Post-GFC Monetary Policy)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-20
End date: 2018-01-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Central banks worldwide routinely use models in assessing and forecasting the global and domestic economic outlook in order to determine the most suitable monetary policies. Economies evolve over time and policies that worked in the 1980s might not be viable at the present time, thus models must be flexible to account for these changes. Undoubtedly, it is difficult to identify the exact point in time when a change in macroeconomic behaviour occurs, particularly a change that will trigger a reactive monetary policy to neutralise its negative effects. The current project proposes a new methodology, which due to its local nature can react faster to changes in the process than other existing methodologies. This project aims at breaking new ground in several respects. First, by proposing for the first time a nonparametric local linear estimator of multivariate processes with possible smooth or abrupt changes in the parameters. Second, by developing a user-friendly computational package with the aforementioned functionality. Finally, by investigating the effect for G7 and Eurozone economies of the monetary policies driven by the global financial crisis.

Keywords: nonparametric statistical methods,kernel smoothing,monetary policy and r programming
Functionally scaled computing technology: From novel devices to non-von Neumann architectures and algorithms for a connected intelligent world (Fun-COMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Switzerland,Belgium,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Micro- and nanoelectronics technologies (H2020-ICT-2017-1, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3996951.25
EU funding (EUR): 3996951.25
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

The Fun-COMP project aims to develop a new wave of industry-relevant technologies that will extend the limits facing mainstream processing and storage approaches. We will do this by delivering innovative nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices and systems that fuse together the core information processing tasks of computing and memory, that incorporate in hardware the ability to learn adapt and evolve, that are designed from the bottom-up to take advantage of the huge benefits, in terms of increases in speed/bandwidth and reduction in power consumption, promised by the emergence of Silicon photonic systems. We will develop basic information processing building blocks that draw inspiration from biological approaches, providing computing primitives that can mimic the essential features of brain-like synapses and neurons to deliver a new foundation for fast, low-power, functionally-scaled computing based around non-von Neumann approaches. We will combine such computing primitives into reconfigurable integrated processing networks that can implement in hardware novel, intelligent, self-learning and adaptive computational approaches - including spiking neural networks, computing-in-memory and autonomous reservoir computing – and that are capable of addressing complex real-world computational problems in fast, energy-efficient ways. We will address the application of our novel technologies to future computing imperatives, including the analysis and exploitation of ‘big data’ and the ubiquity of computing arising from the ‘Internet of Things’. To realise our goals we bring together a world-leading consortium of industrial and academic researchers whose current work in the development of future information processing and storage technologies defines the state-of-the-art.

Keywords: non von neumann devices,memcomputing,neuromorphic processors,photonic integrated circuits,si photonics