Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Low temperature experiments for astrochemical models (LOWTEAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The physical conditions in the interstellar medium (ISM) are very different from those on Earth. These regions are characterized by low temperatures (~10 K) and densities (~100000 cm-3). Over the years, experimental chemists have developed new techniques to measure the reactivity of chemical species in these environments under conditions pertinent to the ISM. Only recently have techniques like the CRESU (Cinétique de Réaction en Ecoulement Supersonique Uniforme) demonstrated that many reactions between neutral species in the gas phase are rapid at low temperature and even display rate coefficients that increase as the temperature decreases. Most neutral-neutral reactions used in astrochemical models have large uncertainties associated with their rate coefficients due to the lack of direct measurement at low temperature. Thus, the chemistry in these models is driven largely by unquantified reactions. To make useful comparisons between observations and models, it is crucial to increase the number of laboratory measurements to reduce the model uncertainties. In this proposal we intend to focus on the reactions of nitrogen atoms at low temperatures. Indeed, although the formation and destruction of nitrogen bearing molecules are used to probe the chemical processes occurring during the pre-stellar phase, reactions of nitrogen atoms have never been studied at temperatures pertinent to the ISM. We intend to address this issue using a novel modification of the usual CRESU technique.

Keywords: physical sciences,gas phase reaction kinetics,low temperatures
Novel photonic nanostructures for polariton lasers (POLALAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 322200.0
EU funding (EUR): 322200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project is aimed at theoretical and experimental studies of the Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) of exciton-polaritons in photonic microstructures, which provide two-dimensional or three-dimensional localization of light such as microdiscs, microspheres, cylindrical and spherical Bragg microcavities, and microcavities based on photonic crystals. For this purpose we will: 1) Calculate eigenmode spectrum for photonic microstructures in the case of bare optical modes and for exciton-polaritons. 2) Derive the conditions for the weak coupling-strong coupling threshold for each type of the photonic microstructure. 3) Obtain phase diagrams for exciton-polariton 4) Develop a theory for the exciton-polariton interaction with phonons in the above mentioned photonic microstructures, and analyse the relaxation mechanisms, and develop a technique for the qualitative description of polariton relaxation. 5) Analyse BEC in microstructures based on various materials, and particularly wide band gap semiconductors with large electron binding energy such as GaN and ZnO. 6) Provide modelling and a physical understanding of experimental results related to this proposal. 7) Analyze the condition of formation of BEC of exciton-polariton under the electrical injection of carriers. 8) Produce a technical specification for a realistic room-temperature polariton laser. 9) Investigate spin-related phenomena in polariton condensate in novel types of microcavities. 10) Analyse the possibility of electrical pumping of polariton devices based on photonic microstructures. 11) Produce prototypes of polariton laser operating at room temperature under electrical pumping and investigate them experimentally.

Keywords: radiation physics,photonic components,lasers,exciton,polariton,bose condensation,nanophotonics
Natural antidiabetic & anti-hypertensive drugs (NAAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 135000.0
EU funding (EUR): 135000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hypertension and its complications appear to be increasingly common in Egypt. The overall estimated prevalence of hypertension in Egypt was 26.3%. Hypertension prevalence increased progressively with age. Overall, 37.5% of hypertensive individuals were aware that they had high blood pressure, 23.9% were being treated with antihypertensive medications, and only 8.0% were under control. These results indicate that the rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are relatively low. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder that increases tremendously all over the world. Diabetes and its complications impose significant economic consequences on individuals, families, health systems and countries. Many medicinal plants have been used to treat (DM) and hypertension since the ancient times as reported in the Ebers papyrus in Egypt. Phytotherapy is not yet included in the evidence-based medicine, especially with respect to DM and hypertension therapies. Studies of potential anti-diabetic and antihypertensive plants will definitely confer scientific and systematic approach for the use of these plants as hypoglycaemic and hypotensives agents. Solanum fruits and Egyptian dates have been used since ancient times as antihypertensive and antidiabetic in African folk medicine. Although, little is known so far about the active constituents and mechanism of action of Solanum fruits, its long use in African folk medicine and the fact that it belongs to everyday food in several countries, encouraged us to subject this obviously safe plant to detailed scientific research, in order to produce a safe and effective anti-hypertensive preparation. The project aims to define the most active fraction of the 2 plants extracts and determine their mechanism of action as anti-hypertensive and antidiabetic drugs respectively. This will be as a first step to the development of safe and effective natural drugs.

Keywords: natural sciences,pharmacognosy
A two year exchange programme on ANAerobic MIXed cultures to study and improve biological generation of chemicals and energy carriers from organic residues generated by agro-industrial activities (ANAMIX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2010-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 68400.0
EU funding (EUR): 68400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the ANAMIX project is to build a two year exchange programme among three of the leading worldwide research groups centered around ANAerobic MIXed cultures. More specifically, ANAMIX is dedicated to study and improve biological generation of chemicals and energy carriers from organic residues generated by agro-industrial activities. Effective leveraging of organic residues derived from human activity will be of vital importance for establishment of a sustainable society. More than 60% of all organic material obtained from agriculture is currently not made available for the production of chemicals or the generation of energy carriers. These residues generated include highly complex waste streams like pig manure, as well as more readily degradable mixtures of substrates like molasses, vinasses, and wastewaters generated during food processing. For processing of these streams, (genetically modified) pure culture based industrial biotechnology is generally not a prosperous route. The processes we intend to investigate in this project can overcome these limitations because they are based on natural ecosystems. The basic principle of these Anaerobic Mixed culture based processes is the establishment of the proper process conditions to direct the flow of electrons in a complex network of microorganisms to the product required. Anaerobic fermentative systems are ideal, as they allow for minimization of biomass that can be regarded as an unwanted side product in these processes. Valuable and realistic products are molecular hydrogen, methane rich biogas, solvents like ethanol and butanol, or the direct generation of electricity in so called microbial fuel cells. Many of these can be directly utilized in end-use applications, without further energy input. The scientific challenge in developing these processes is to identify and verify the biochemical driving forces for the establishment of specific production processes in mixed microbial environments.

Keywords: environmental science,bioprocess engineering,mixed culture,anaerobic digestion,modeling
Routes to Bose-Einstein Condensation at Room Temperature (ROBOCON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 459000.0
EU funding (EUR): 459000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Enormous progress in material engineering, research tools and methods very frequently lead to revisiting the traditional topics of Condensed Matter Physics and their study under the very original and unexpected view-point. In the current project we propose to consider the possibility and realization of such textbook phenomena as Bose-Einstein condensation in three, on first glance different systems: 1. Carbon-based systems: Graphite, Graphene and Nanotubes 2. Exciton-Polariton excitations in semiconductors 3. Perovskite Oxides close to Metal-Insulator transition. that, according to the very recent studies demonstrate the very common feature: the Bose statistic of current (mass) carriers and tendency to form the condensed superconducting or/and superflluid state at high temperatures. It is this feature that unify the leading experts on these materials in the proposed Multidisciplinary Marie Curie IRSES project ROBOCON which has the final objective to understand the realization of BEC phenomena on the experimental and theoretical level in the proposed systems and elaborate practical recommendations for their further applications in High-Tech industry: polariton lasers for CD and DVD players and laser printers, novel Carbon- and Oxide- based microelectronics for computer RAM and CPU devices etc. Basing on this common subject we created the distributed consortium (network) of partner institutions, located in EU (France, UK, Italy) and Eligible Third Countries (Morocco, Brazil). Each of them has its own specialization and related with others by virtue of already existing bilateral collaborative links. In course of the project we suppose to amplify and order these collaborations and create the new links between partners under central common idea of study and optimization of mechanisms and realization of BEC. Series bilateral visits, training workshops and meetings are previewed for this purpose.

Keywords: physical sciences,physics of semiconductors,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,electron-based nano-devices
WATER RESOURCES VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPE CHANGES (WARECALC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-15
End date: 2013-04-14
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 90000.0
EU funding (EUR): 90000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Climate projections and trend analysis of historical data suggest that precipitation and temperature changes can dramatically alter the supply of and the demand for water in the human- and eco-systems. Moreover, anthropogenic landscape changes are occurring at unprecedented scales and rates given the societal needs for various (and often competing) ecosystem goods and services (food, energy, and water). How stable or resilient are the human- and eco- systems to climatic and anthropogenic perturbations remain a major societal concern. Of these concerns, hydrologic cycle changes, water resources availability and related management rank among the highest because of their importance in regulating human and ecological sustainability and climate feedbacks. A number of recent studies suggest that continental runoff increased throughout the 20th century despite a rapid increase in water consumption by humans and their activities. Scope of the project: The goal of this research program is on the overall impact of such changes on rainfall (the source of water) and concomitant replenishment of usable water supplies (e.g. ground- and stream- water) given their high priority to any future water resource planning. Even within this restricted scope, the barriers to scientific progress are numerous necessitating an inter-disciplinary approach that combines principles from eco-hydrology, hydraulics and fluid mechanics, soil physics, plant physiology, stochastic processes, dynamical systems theory, and water resources management. This project aims to build a network of researchers with complementary talents to begin progress on these fronts. Moreover, this network of researchers will be actively engaged in preparing the next generation of international scientists (via graduate student exchanges) who will be trained to approach such ‘interdisciplinary’ societal problems and progress on them by adopting ‘trans-disciplinary’ approaches now emerging from complex systems science, dynami

Keywords: natural sciences,hydrology,forest ecosystems,soil science,water resources engineering
Employment Relations in Multinational Companies: Cross National Comparative Analysis (INTREPID)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2013-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 129600.0
EU funding (EUR): 129600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposed exchange programme seeks to develop a community of international scholars involved in closely linked studies on management practice in multinational companies (MNCs) across different national contexts. Despite the importance of MNCs to the global economy there is little by means of both comprehensive and representative studies of how MNCs organise and manage their employees in different contexts, and how the growing power of MNCs is impacting other social actors (e.g. trade union movement, national and local government). This lacuna goes right to the heart of this network’s objective i.e. to ensure an accurate, representative depiction of the activities of MNCs. This consortium involves scholars from three European Union (EU) and three third countries involving some 17 universities and business schools. International researcher exchanges represent a critical means of driving this research programme forward through facilitating more nuanced comparative insights that can only be gained through on-the-ground interactions between scholars from different countries and their involvement in empirical investigations outside of their own national context. The proposed research programme seeks to build on the embryonic synergies between the various partner countries to provide rich empirical data that can be used to both construct theoretical frameworks and inform policy. Exchanges have been identified and agreed between partner institutes and include both established scholars and newer researchers in the initial stages of their scholarly careers. We feel this is imperative for team renewal and to facilitate the growth and longevity of the research network going forward. A relatively equal distribution into and out of the European and third-country institutions (112 person months over 4 years) have been identified. This breaks down into 59 person months out of EU institutions and 53 person months from the ‘third’ country partners.

Keywords: social sciences,globalisation,multinational companies,employment practices
Magnetic Resonance Methods Development and Applications for Life Sciences (EUROCANMRI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Poland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 91800.0
EU funding (EUR): 91800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This application is to enable mutual transfer of knowledge and experience by enhancing mutual scientific interest, augmenting research projects and exchanging new ideas. We envision that the collaboration will bring joint publications and new discoveries in the area of Magnetic Resonance (MR). The project aims at the improvement of current diagnostic capabilities of MR in the areas of spinal cord injury, cancer and Alzheimer disease as well as the development of new MR imaging methods. These tasks can only be accomplished with the support from the NRC facilities and researchers. The combination of Canadian expertise and the experience of Polish and Czech partners in these areas is a perfect match that will allow further advancements of science. The participating institutions are: Dept. of MRI, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (INP), Krakow, Poland; Dept. of MR and Bioinformatics, Ustav Pristrojove Techniky, Czech Academy of Sciences (UPT), Brno, Czech Republic and National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Institute for Biodiagnostics, MR Technology, Winnipeg and Calgary, Canada. Both European participants have been collaborating for over 20 years with NRC. Canadian equipment and expertise is crucial for the success of the projects. Polish and Czech researchers will be working with their Canadians colleagues to enable gaining of the knowledge of technology and expertise already established in Canada, but still under development in European labs. The Canadian partner will benefit from expertise in animal models of diseases and MR techniques developed in Polish and Czech labs. There will be 25 senior scientists from three institutions involved in the projects over a 48 months. For the effective transfer and exchange of the knowledge we intend to organize two workshops. The gained knowledge will be utilized during the years following the exchange as the related projects will continue in the home institutions.

Keywords: physical sciences,biomedical engineering,medical physics,magnetic resonance,biophysics
Protein kinases in metabolic regulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (STPKINTB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2012-04-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains 11 serine threonine protein kinases. Amongst these PknA, PknB and PknG are essential for bacterial survival and/or virulence, and are considered potential drug targets. This proposal aims to elucidate the functions of PknB and PknG, with particular focus on the regulation of primary metabolism. PknB is reported to be involved in the control of cell-shape, whereas PknG might function as a regulator of metabolism or as a virulence protein secreted into the macrophage. Based on a study of the related microbe Corynebacterium glutamicum, preliminary work has been done to investigate a possible role for PknG (and possibly PknB) in regulation of the citric acid cycle. In corynebacteria PknG controls the phosphorylation status of a small regulatory protein GarA, which directly inhibits the ODH complex. First experiments with mycobacteria suggest that this regulatory mechanism is probably conserved and may also be employed to regulate nitrogen metabolism in these organisms. An experimental strategy is proposed to investigate the regulation of kinase activity and determine the effects of kinase activity on carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

Keywords: medical microbiology
Ethnic Discrimination in Israeli Markets (EDIM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ethnic tensions and the potential for ethnic discrimination characterize many countries around the world. The aim of the proposed project is to study the extent and the sources of discrimination against Israeli Arabs in online labor, housing, and consumer goods markets. The perception that Israeli Arabs suffer from discrimination is widespread, yet rigorous quantitative economic research on anti-Arab discrimination is rather limited. In its general approach the project follows the economics of discrimination literature and employs a correspondence methodology (in the current context – sending pairs of e-mails to online ads, where each pair contains distinctly ethnic, Arab and Jewish, names). The contribution of the proposed project is both substantive and methodological. The substantive contribution lies in the investigation of a topic which has to date received scant attention. The methodological contribution is twofold: (1) by including in some of the e-mails explicit expressions of willingness to pay a premium or requests for discounts it will be possible to monetize the extent of discrimination; (2) by conducting follow-up surveys it will be possible to characterize the discriminators and to identify how views regarding Arabs are associated with actual discriminatory behavior. Discrimination leads to economic segregation which reduces the potentially large gains from trade between Arabs and Jews. By documenting and attempting to explain patterns of discrimination, the project may influence the formulation of policies aimed at reducing discrimination. Improved economic relations between Arabs and Jews hold the potential to spill over to the social and political spheres. In light of the increase in ethnic tensions brought about by the terrorist attacks and other politically charged events of the last decade, the lessons learned from the proposed research could prove useful in shedding light on important questions which are relevant for EU countries.

Keywords: ethnic discrimination,israel,arabs,markets