Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Soft Biomade Materials: Modular Protein Polymers and their nano-assemblies (BIOMATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497044.02
EU funding (EUR): 2497044.02
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

From a polymer chemistry perspective, the way in which nature produces its plethora of different proteins is a miracle of precision: the synthesis of each single molecule is directed by the sequence information chemically coded in DNA. The present state of recombinant DNA technology should in principle allow us to make genes that code for entirely new, very sophisticated amino acid polymers, which are chosen and designed by man to serve as new polymer materials. It has been shown that it is indeed possible to make use of the protein biosynthetic machinery and produce such de novo protein polymers, but it is not clear what their potentials are in terms of new materials with desired functionalities. I propose to develop a new class of protein polymers, chosen such that they form nanostructured materials by triggered folding and multimolecular assembly. The plan is based on three innovative ideas: (i) each new protein polymer will be constructed from a limited set of selected amino acid sequences, called modules (hence the term modular protein polymers) (ii) new, high-yield fermentation strategies will be developed so that polymers will become available in significant quantities for evaluation and application; (iii) the design of modular protein polymers is carried out as a cyclic process in which sequence selection, construction of artificial genes, optimisation of fermentation for high yield, studying polymer folding and assembly, and modelling of the nanostructure by molecular simulation are all logically connected, allowing efficient selection of target sequences. This project is a cross-road. It brings together biotechnology and polymer science, creating a unique set of biomaterials for medical and pharmaceutical use, that can be easily extended into a manifold of biofunctional materials. Moreover, it will provide us with fresh tools and valuable insights to tackle the subtle relations between protein sequence and folding.

Keywords: protein polymers
From the Milky Way to the cosmic large-scale structure (COSMIWAY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2266850.0
EU funding (EUR): 2266850.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Wide field panoramic telescopes will become a major force in astronomy over the next decade. They will address a rich set of scientific problems, from ``killer asteroids'' to the cosmic dark energy. Pan-STARRS-1 (PS1), built by the University of Hawaii, is the first of this new generation of telescopes. European astronomers in Germany and the UK, including in the PI's host institute, make up a large fraction of the Science Consortium that, over the next 4 years, will exploit the data. This proposal is focused on the use of PS1 for cosmology. I propose a programme that combines state-of-the-art cosmological simulations and modelling with high-level analyses of the data. The goal is to test core assumptions of the standard cosmogonic model, LCDM, on scales and at epochs where it has not been tested before and where it can, in principle, be ruled out. At the same time, these tests will advance our understanding of the main constituents of our universe (dark matter and dark energy) and of the processes of galaxy formation and evolution. Two types of structure at opposite ends of the cosmological scale, the Milky Way and the large-scale distribution of galaxies at redshifts z<1.5, are ideally suited to this purpose. Studies of the Milky Way will test LCDM predictions for the hierarchical assembly of galaxies and the structure of their dark matter halos. Studies of the galaxy distribution will test LCDM predictions for the growth of structure and the connection between galaxies and dark matter. To link theory and data, I will construct mock catalogues using very large cosmological simulations and sophisticated modelling techniques. These catalogues will have a much broader applicability that just PS1 and I will make them publicly available using e-science techniques.

Keywords: milky way star and galaxy surveys
Electrical Tail Drive - Modelling, Simulation and Rig Prototype Development (ELETAD)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Romania,United Kingdom,Italy
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2478434.4
EU funding (EUR): 1858825.8
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The research programme will capitalise on the most recent advances in electrical machine technologies, thermal modelling, design optimisation and manufacturing processes to realise and evaluate a full-scale helicopter electric tail rotor (ETR) motor that is engineered for flight-critical operation and is representative of an aircraft installation. A direct drive ETR solution will be optimised against the objectives of a peak output power of 3kW per kg of installed active mass making it weight-competitive with current mechanical technology, and will be a fault-tolerant design specified to an integrity target of 10 to the -9 failures per flight hour, whilst offering demonstrable performance and whole-life cost benefits.

Keywords: electric tail drive
Ditopic Imaging Agents, Interlocked Sensors and Machines (SUPRAIMAGINGMACHINES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2488849.0
EU funding (EUR): 2488849.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The development of new innovative approaches for personalised healthcare, and the recognition and sensing of environmentally important pollutants resulting from anthropogenic activities, are extremely important areas in which chemical understanding can contribute enormously to the improved well-being of humanity. In particular, the recognition of anions in aqueous media remains a significant challenge. This project will exploit cation-anion interactions augmented by supramolecular chemistry in the preparation of novel heteroditopic receptor molecules for lanthanide cation- anion ion pair recognition. These have the potential to revolutionise magnetic resonance imaging for personalised healthcare, and will provide interlocked host systems capable of sensing and analyte induced molecular motion. Particular emphasis will be given to the construction of heteroditopic macrocyclic and interlocked host systems designed to recognise lanthanide cation-fluoride anion ion pairs. The stimulus for recognising the fluoride anion stems from its duplicitous nature, where for example high levels in drinking water is causing dental and skeletal fluorosis. In stark contrast, importantly for personalised healthcare, fluoride anion recognition offers the potential development of novel 19F MRI and 18-fluoride PET imaging agents. The programme of work in this proposal centres around three closely integrated and synergistic strands. The common theme is to exploit lanthanide- fluoride ion pair recognition in multimodal imaging (Strand 1), to construct interlocked host structures for fluoride recognition, sensing and molecular machine-like induced switchable behaviour (Strand 2), and to assemble interlocked host systems onto transducing surfaces for analyte induced molecular switching (Strand 3).

Keywords: fluoride,ion pair,molecular machines,lanthanide
A functional framework for sparse, non-gaussian signal processing and bioimaging (FUN-SP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2106994.0
EU funding (EUR): 2106994.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In recent years, the research focus in signal processing has shifted away from the classical linear paradigm, which is intimately linked with the theory of stationary Gaussian processes. Instead of considering Fourier transforms and performing quadratic optimization, researchers are presently favoring wavelet-like representations and have adopted ”sparsity” as design paradigm. Our ambition is to develop a unifying operator-based framework for signal processing that would provide the ``sparse" counterpart of the classical theory, which is currently missing. To that end, we shall specify and investigate sparse stochastic processes that are continuously-defined and ruled by differential equations, and construct corresponding wavelet-like sparsifying transforms. Our hope is to be able to rigorously connect non-quadratic regularization and sparsity-constrained optimization to well-defined continuous-domain statistical models. We also want to develop a novel Lie-group formalism for the design of steerable, signal-adapted wavelet transforms with improved invariance and sparsifying properties, both in 2-D and 3-D. We shall use these tools to define new reversible image representations in terms of singular points (contours and keypoints) and to develop novel algorithms for 3-D biomedical image analysis. In close collaboration with imaging scientists, we shall apply our framework to the development of new 3-D reconstruction algorithms for emerging bioimaging modalities such as fluorescence deconvolution microscopy, digital holography microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast microscopy, and advanced MRI.

Keywords: sparse stochastic processes,wavelets,steerable pyramids,image reconstruction,image analysis,bioimaging,microscopy,mri,keypoints
Non-Classical Logics and Fuzzy Inferences – Theory and Applications (NCLFITA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of the proposed research covers the following two topics: 1. Theoretical foundation and investigation of different fuzzy inferences: There is a tremendous number of applications in daily life and industry where fuzzy theory is successfully applied. Those methods usually are based on a fuzzy inference. Therefore the mathematical foundation of fuzzy inferences as well as the finding of new methods which are superior to the ones applied today is an important task. Thus, this research supports the theoretical foundation of several fields of Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering such as fuzzy control, knowledge-based systems, search engines on the web, and leads to industrial applications too. 2. A study of mathematical fuzzy logics in relation to substructural logics, based on results and techniques developed recently in the study of substructural logics: Finding algebraic characterizations of different subclasses of left-continuous t-norms and residuated lattices. Further extending the geometric approach, developed in mathematical fuzzy logics by the applicant, to substructural logics. New findings at this line of the research could be very beneficial in supporting the research goals of point 1 too. A final aim is to develop a study of interrelations between algebraic methods and proof-theoretic methods in non-classical logics, in particular, in substructural logics, and in mathematical fuzzy logics in order to obtain a deeper understanding of these two disciplines.

Keywords: mathematics,algebra,substructural and mathematical fuzzy logic,fuzzy inferences,algorithms
Modelica library of thermodynamic and transport properties (AEROTHERMOPROP)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2011-11-30
Duration (months): 16.0
Total project cost (EUR): 80000.0
EU funding (EUR): 60000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With this proposal, a Modelica library for thermodynamic properties of gases and liquids that are used as working media in aircraft, and an Excel interface to the same functions with plotting capabilities for typical thermodynamic design diagrams (Temperature-Entropy and Enthalpy-Entropy) shall be developed. It is important that the complete temperature and pressure range experienced by aircraft is covered, from -60 deg Celsius to 200 deg Celsius, depending on the fluid. The pressure range depends on the fluid, as an example a range from 150 to 1100 hPa is necessary for air. Currently available model libraries don't cover the complete range. A fixed starting date of August 1st was chosen to align the project with the original planning of the ITD activities.

Keywords: fluid properties,transport properties,modelica,model library
Ab-initio adiabatic-connection curves for density-functional analysis and construction. (ABACUS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2017932.0
EU funding (EUR): 2017932.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum chemistry provides two approaches to molecular electronic-structure calculations: the systematically refinable but expensive many-body wave-function methods and the inexpensive but not systematically refinable Kohn Sham method of density-functional theory (DFT). The accuracy of Kohn Sham calculations is determined by the quality of the exchange correlation functional, from which the effects of exchange and correlation among the electrons are extracted using the density rather than the wave function. However, the exact exchange correlation functional is unknown—instead, many approximate forms have been developed, by fitting to experimental data or by satisfying exact relations. Here, a new approach to density-functional analysis and construction is proposed: the Lieb variation principle, usually regarded as conceptually important but impracticable. By invoking the Lieb principle, it becomes possible to approach the development of approximate functionals in a novel manner, being directly guided by the behaviour of exact functional, accurately calculated for a wide variety of chemical systems. In particular, this principle will be used to calculate ab-initio adiabatic connection curves, studying the exchange correlation functional for a fixed density as the electronic interactions are turned on from zero to one. Pilot calculations have indicated the feasibility of this approach in simple cases—here, a comprehensive set of adiabatic-connection curves will be generated and utilized for calibration, construction, and analysis of density functionals, the objective being to produce improved functionals for Kohn Sham calculations by modelling or fitting such curves. The ABACUS approach will be particularly important in cases where little experimental information is available—for example, for understanding and modelling the behaviour of the exchange correlation functional in electromagnetic fields.

Keywords: electronic structure,electron correlation,density functional theory
Molecular Nanomagnets at Surfaces: Novel Phenomena for Spin-based Technologies (MOLNANOMAS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2269200.0
EU funding (EUR): 2269200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Molecular nanomagnets, also known as Single Molecule Magnets (SMMs), are a class of molecules that at low temperature exhibit magnetic hysteresis of pure molecular origin and not related to a cooperative effect. In the past fifteen years they have attracted great interest for their potentiality to act as magnetic memory units and for the many quantum effects in the dynamics of their magnetization. Recently our observation that the magnetic bistability is retained when a tetranuclear iron(III) molecular cluster is grafted to a metallic surface has renewed the interest in these materials, which appear the ideal candidates for fundamental investigations on the interplay between conducting electrons and magnetic degrees of freedom in the emerging field of molecular spintronics. In this project we plan to benefit from our leading position in the research on SMMs to explore novel phenomena originated by the combination of SMMs with conducting and magnetic substrates in hybrid structures. Our interdisciplinary approach starts from the design and synthesis of SMMs and includes their assembling on surface from solution or in high vacuum as well as the tuning of the interaction with conducting, and magnetic substrates through chemical tuning of SMMs. We will focus on the quantum dynamics of the magnetization that seems particularly affected by the interaction with a magnetic substrate opening perspectives for novel spintronic devices and for an unexplored strategy to increase the blocking temperature of SMMs. Additional aspects will be investigated, in particular the use of switchable magnetic molecules as well as the possibility to modify the interface with yet unexplored approaches, for instance exploiting the magnetic torque on molecules with large magnetic anisotropy.

Keywords: molecular magnetism,single molecule magnets,molecular spintronics,spin-based technologies,molecular electronics
Surfaces of Energy Functional Metal Oxides (ENERGYSURF)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2364681.0
EU funding (EUR): 2364681.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many important interactions near the surfaces of energy functional metal oxide surfaces are yet to be established at the atomic level. How bonds are formed and broken in photocatalysis, the role of the metal and oxide in a supported metal catalyst, the mechanism of energy flow from atom to atom after photoexcitation in a photovoltaic device are just some of the open questions. The underlying motivation to generate answers is clear: it provides an opportunity to improve technology associated with light harvesting and energy-related catalysis. But the fundamental science required is extremely challenging and is only just starting to yield some detailed answers. In this highly ambitious project we will tackle three major issues associated with the surface chemistry of energy functional metal oxides-- three grand challenges. In doing so, we will make use of a unique range of experimental techniques. One will focus on solid-gas interactions in studies of Au on CeO2, employing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and STM-inelastic electron tunnelling spectroscopy to answer questions about the active site of water gas shift catalysis and the mechanism by which the substrate reversibly exchanges oxygen. The second challenge will probe the structures of interfaces between water and ZnO and TiO2, using surface X-ray diffraction and STM. This will include the adsorption of dye mimics from solution. In the third challenge, femtosecond time resolved photoemission using pump probe will be used to unravel the details of energy dissipation following a UV pulse absorption by ZnO and TiO2 substrates and their interaction with water. This is directly related to processes associated with photocatalysis. We expect that this ERC project will revolutionise our understanding of energy functional surfaces based on metal oxides and ultimately lead to key breakthroughs in the design of advanced devices.

Keywords: metal oxides,water interfaces,photocatalysis,fundamental catalysis,light harvesting
Exploring conductive and metallic hydrogen (METALLICHYDROGEN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1901600.0
EU funding (EUR): 1901600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hydrogen under ambient pressure and low temperature forms a molecular crystal which under high pressure of ~400 GPa is predicted turn into metal and at further compression up to ~500 GPa hydrogen molecules dissociate and are transformed to a monoatomic crystal. This simplest metal is predicted to be a superconductor with a very high critical temperature Tc ~200 K. Moreover, this superconductor might be recovered to ambient pressure. Metallic hydrogen might acquire a new quantum state, namely the metallic superfluid and the superconducting superfluid. Because the zero-point motions of the hydrogen nuclei (protons) are significant, they might stabilize metallic hydrogen in a zero-temperature liquid ground state similar to liquid helium. For this state, superconductivity for electrons and protons (Fermi-liquids) is expected in hydrogen, and superconductivity for electrons and superfluidity for deutrons in deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen). For astrophysics the study of metallic hydrogen is important because it might be a main constituent in giant planets and stars. We plan to explore three directions to achieve and study metallic hydrogen: (a) Compression of pure hydrogen at room and lower temperatures to record pressures of 440 GPa which we currently achieve (b) Exploration of the higher temperature domain P> 150 GPa, T<1000 K; (c) Study of hydrogen dominant materials at low pressures P>50 GPa and low temperatures. We will give first preference to compression pure hydrogen to metallic state at low temperatures to verify the theoretical prediction in the region of ~ 400 GPa. In case this pressure would not be sufficient our study will be focused on parallel tasks hydrogen dominant materials, and fluid hydrogen.