Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Contradictory phenotypic and genetic sex can lead to great insights into sex chromosome evolution (NEW SEX SAME GENES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171328.6
EU funding (EUR): 171328.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

For the first time the possibility to change certain species sex while maintaining their original sex chromosomes is presented as an excellent opportunity to unravel aspects of sex chromosome evolution. Theory of sex chromosome evolution states that sexually antagonistic genes, i.e. genes that are beneficial to one sex but at the same time harmful to the opposite sex, should often be linked to one of the sex chromosomes. Current knowledge of which genes are responsible for such sexual antagonisms is however limited. The mosquitofish Gambusia affinis can easily be sex reversed and will represent the first ZW sex chromosome system besides birds where questions of sex-biased gene expression, dosage compensation and sex-biased expression through development will be addressed. Candidate sexual antagonistic genes will then be used to gain insight into expression differences in sex reversed individuals, such as male/female or sex-linked/autosomal dissimilarities in responsiveness to the new sex. Mainly, these objectives will be studied applying the new cutting-edge next-generation sequencing techniques (e.g. Roche 454, Illumina’s Solexa, etc.). This project has great potential to contribute both to the fellows and to the European excellence. Through careful planning of training in research and auxiliary topics it is aimed at providing the fellow with complementary skills needed to commence a career as an independent leading scientist.

Keywords: evolution,gender reversal,gene expression,genomics,invasive,mosquitofish,next-generation sequencing,sexually antagonistic genes,sex chromosomes
Translation and Gender (TRANS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-15
End date: 2012-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 214530.4
EU funding (EUR): 214530.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Research in the area of gender and translation is relatively recent in the field of Translation Studies. Feminist theory in translation has brought us the understanding that translation is conflictual in that it engages many of the same kinds of active identity-forming processes as other language activities. Translation can thus provide us with valuable information about practices of domination and subversion in society. In light of contemporary explorations of cultural difference in Western society and theoretical works that question the basic duality of gender, research perspectives about translation and gender are multiple and very promising since much of the terrain is yet uncharted. Reserach in the area of cultural difference and its translation is crucial in a globalized world, as we have come to understand the commerce between languages to be central to the process of communication and to achieving lasting peace. Contemporary cultures are increasingly plural and Western society, as a whole, has turned into what has been called a vast &quot;contact zone&quot; in which intercultural relations contribute to the fabric of national cultures. The inscription of translation within contemporary writing, poetra and fiction is a clear indication that translation has now moved to the center of Western intellectual, social and cultural preoccupations. The place of women is also a major concern today in society. The aim of this project is to further advance research on translation and gender and to address some of the questions at the heart of contemporary debates. I will critically examine major contemporary perspectives on gender, culture and translation and analyze, from an interdisciplinary perspective, the works of the feminist historian Joan Scott and of the philosopher Judith Butler from the viewpoint of translation theory and practice. I will then explore Nancy Huston&apos;s practice of self-translation and crossover in the context of feminist theory and translation.

Keywords: humanities
Structural studies of the yeast Topoisomerase III, RMI1 Sgs1 complex. (TOPO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172565.2
EU funding (EUR): 172565.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The eukaryotic Topoisomerase3 (TopIII) belongs to the replicative machinery present at the replication fork. TopIII is a type 1 enzyme whose activity is known to unlink the DNA single strand catenanes as shown by the crystal structure of the E. coli Topoisomerase III solved in 2001. The TopIII propensity to solve DNA topological problems and to complete homologous recombination events during replication made of it a key component in genome stability and integrity. The atomic mechanisms of TopIII activity as well as its regulation are still poorly understood. To this point of view, increasing number of studies have highlighted a new TopIII binding partner, the RMI1 (RecQ mediated genome instability) protein, which could recruit and/or regulate TopIII activity by physical interaction. RMI1 is an OB (Oligonucleotide Binding) fold protein part of the RMI complex. This complex is composed, in eukaryotic organisms, of RMI1 and RMI2 except in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast which only possesses RMI1. We propose to unravel the molecular interaction between Saccharomyces cerevisiae TopIII and RMI1 by a combination of biochemical and crystallographic approaches. The main aim of my post-doctorat project is to express in the Baculovirus/Insect cells heterologous system the TopIII/RMI1 complex, to purify and crystallize it in presence of DNA. To obtain a crystal structure of such a complex could allow to better understand the influence of the RMI protein on the TopIII conformation and activity and maybe its role in shunting the complex toward a specific pathway during homologous recombination or other DNA metabolism reaction.

Keywords: molecular design,de novo design,structural biology
Gene expression during repair of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium after exposure to cold atmospheric gas plasma: a transciptomic analysis using a DNA microarray approach (PLASMARRAY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 180603.2
EU funding (EUR): 180603.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The demand for fresh or minimally processed food has grown rapidly in recent years. For this reason non-thermal processes have gained importance as a potential technology to replace the current thermal processing of food which results in extensive undesirable changes in quality attributes. An emerging technology is the use of nonthermal ionized gases also known as cold gas plasmas. The low operating temperatures of cold atmospheric plasmas makes them well suited for treating surfaces of foods contaminated with microorganisms. Although the use of cold atmospheric plasmas for microbial inactivation has been studied since the mid-1990s, the application of this technology to low-temperature food decontamination is much more recent. Although there are some studies on the effects of using nonthermal plasma in food processing, there has been no research performed with the objective of understanding the requirements of bacteria during the resuscitation of sublethal injury following exposure to gas plasma. The first aim of this project is to investigate the effect of cold atmospheric gas plasma on the inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by the collection of kinetic data during inactivation on abiotic surfaces, (such as packaging film) and biotic surfaces (such as vegetable tissues). A further aim is the measurement of the up-regulation of genes during resuscitation from damage inflicted by gas plasma. This will use a transcriptomic approach and a DNA microarray to identify time-dependent changes in the gene expression. In this way, we will focus on the important cellular events during the resuscitation of sublethally injured Salmonella Typhimurium cells. This will allow an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms involved during the resuscitation of sublethal injury following exposure to gas plasma. Identification of mechanisms to prevent resuscitation will enhance inactivation and will lead to improvement of the technique as an antimicrobial process

Keywords: salmonella typhimurium,microarray,cold plasma,sublethal injury,food safety,technological sciences
Design of Hybrid Nanostructured Bio-photocatalyst for Their Application in Bio-photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production (SOLAR BIO-HYDROGEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181103.2
EU funding (EUR): 181103.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The need to establish renewable energy supplies, both as a strategic economic requirement and as a wedge against climate change is leading organizations to invest in research on capturing solar energy. There is particular interest in artificial photosynthesis, using photons to produce electricity or fuels using a man-made device rather than a plant. In natural in-vitro system for hydrogen production, complex molecule i.e. chlorophyll harvest solar energy and subsequent electronic excitation leads to ejection of electrons from the chlorophyll dimer and then passed on to various electron-transferring mediators. This electron donor system may be replaced with the visible light sensitized inorganic photocatalyst. At present, the photocatalysts that have been synthesized and tested fall far short of the efficiency and catalytic rates of enzymes that catalyze either H2 production (hydrogenases) or O2 production (the Mn cofactor of Photosystem II). Therefore the enzymes themselves represent important benchmarks for gauging the possibilities for building water-splitting photocatalysts from inorganic and organic photophysical materials. In such devices enzyme molecules are linked to the semiconductor surface in such a way that they are stable and electrocatalytically active. Therefore, the proposed project is focused on the fabrication of chalcogenide semiconducting nanostructures (mainly nanotubes / nanowire / gyroid having few nm thick wall) and grafting of redox proteins onto these nanostructures for their subsequent exploitation in photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. The exploration of the photoelectrochemistry involved and properties of enzymes which govern the hydrogen generation will also be undertaken. In addition, various other parameters such as the electrolyte pH, nature of sacrificial reagents, combination of chalcogenide photocatalyst- redox proteins (eg. Hydrogenase etc.) will be optimized to maximize solar hydrogen production efficiency.

Keywords: solar hydrogen generation,nanomaterials,enzymes,photoelectrochemical device,self-assembly,ligands,semiconductor
Integrating Pattern and Process to Reconstruct the Phylogeny of Genomes. (GENEFOREST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2013-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173662.4
EU funding (EUR): 173662.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Darwin in the Origin of Species laid the foundations of modern evolutionary biology on two central ideas: (i) all species are related to each other through a history of common descent, and (ii) the delicate match between a species and its environment is explained by natural selection. These two ideas embody the duality of pattern and process that is a fundamental feature of the evolution of life on earth: the unique historic pattern of descent and the interplay of population genetic and genomic processes that have generated it. In the proposed research I plan to undertake the reconstruction of the historic pattern of genome evolution across a broad phylogenetic range encompassing the three domains of life. I aim to reconstruct the prevailing trend of genomic descent (the tree of genomes) together with inference of the genomic process that relate it to the histories of its constituent parts (the forest of gene trees). Explicitly considering these processes, i.e. the history of gene transfers, duplications and losses will permit the use of complete genomes, instead of a handful of genes. The proposed large scale reconstruction will also enable the development of a valuable database of gene transfer, duplication and loss events that could potentially benefit a wide range of biological research. I will use this database to investigate the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in genomic innovation, and ask questions about the biochemical, regulatory and ecological opportunities and constraints that govern the process of gene acquisition and loss that gave rise to the observed phylogenetic pattern of HGT. During the course of the fellowships I will be able to use my experience in developing quantitative evolutionary models and preforming Monte Carlo simulations in an entirely new setting. I expect to obtain extensive experience at both the theoretical level, in evolutionary genomics and phylogenetic inference, as well as at the methodological level, in handling la

Keywords: evolutionary biology,phylogeny
The Interconnections between Egypt and the Levant in the first half of the Second Millennium B.C. based on relative Chronologies (EGYPT IN THE LEVANT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 322115.2
EU funding (EUR): 322115.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Egyptian historical chronology is known to be the most reliable one in the Ancient Near East. One aim of this project is to connect recently excavated sites along the Levantine coast to this chronology in a first step. A comparative study of the Middle and Late Bronze Age I period, mainly based on the material culture from Tell el-Dabca ( ancient Avaris/Piramesse) in the eastern Nile delta and Ashkelon in Palestine, is planned as a major spin off project, creating a new potential of re-writing the economical and political history of this region. Never before a substantial study comparing two ports, both well connected to the international trade between the great powers of their time (Egypt, Byblos, Cyprus, Crete, Mitanni and Hatti) has been undertaken. The excellent relative stratigraphies of both cities with their therefore well linked imports provide the best opportunity for such a pilot study. The other aim is to outline the fluctuation of the quality and quantity of trade by statistical means in a second step. Thus showing if and what kind of political and economic reasons cause peaks and troughs of trade between Egypt and the Near East during this politically difficult period.

Keywords: relative chronology,egypt,tell el-daba,near east,ashkelon,trade,archaeology,statistics,import,export
CO2 Multiphase reActive Transport modElling (CO2-MATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223537.9
EU funding (EUR): 223537.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

CO2 sequestration in geological formations containing saline water has been proposed as solution to reduce gas emission to the atmosphere. Multiphase CO2 storage modelling is a highly challenging problem. CO2-MATE will focus on the processes that govern CO2 flow and transport in saline aquifers. The objective of the project is to contribute to the knowledge of the behaviour of CO2 transport in saline aquifers. In particular CO2-MATE aims (1) to advance in the understanding of the CO2 trapping mechanisms and their numerical modelling, (2) to study the influence of heterogeneity in the mixing (dissolution) and spreading (extension) of the CO2 plume and (3) to extend the results on mixing and spreading to reactive multiphase transport modelling of CO2. CO2-MATE has a multidisciplinary approach including advanced physical and mathematical theories and powerful numerical codes. New theoretical and numerical models for CO2 multiphase reactive transport will be developed. CO2-MATE will increase our capacity to model multiphase flow and transport in aquifers, with emphasis on addressing the effect of heterogeneity and chemical reactions.

Keywords: carbon dioxide capture,storage,disposal (climate change),hydrology (water science),geochemistry,3 d modelling
European Orientalisms (EOS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-20
End date: 2012-09-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170174.2
EU funding (EUR): 170174.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall aim of this project is a comparative study of German and English Orientalist discourses – Western modes and categories of thinking about the Orient – between 1500 and 1650. The central issue addressed here is whether the German and English experiences of the Orient in this period, more specifically encounters with the Ottoman Empire, differed and, in turn, produced other kinds of Orientalism. This is an important project for a number of reasons: firstly, it will examine the viability of the prevalent concept of Orientalism as it was first formulated by Edward Said; secondly, the project addresses a gap in the existing research by providing not only the first Anglo-German comparative study on the subject, but will also synthesise the different scholarly approaches to the field towards a poetics of Orientalism. The questions Orientalism addresses are, among other things, concerned with Europe’s understanding of Islamic cultures; thus, a third important reason for this study is that it will trace and analyse some of the earliest debates and experiences of these encounters. Such a historical narrative is crucial if we are to understand Europe’s relationships with its Islamic neighbours today. While my own research expertise is on early modern English Orientalism, this project depends substantially on further archival research in Germany, Austria and England. An interdisciplinary undertaking combining literary and historical approaches, the results of this project represent an innovative reappraisal of an established problem, by bringing to consciousness some of the finer, neglected strategies that inform geographically specific Orientalisms.

Keywords: literature,humanities,comparative literature,history
The role of Casparian Strip formation and degradation in primary and lateral root development (CASDEV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173065.2
EU funding (EUR): 173065.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Epithelial polarity is a fundamental feature of multi-cellular life and model systems for animal epithelia have been intensely investigated for decades. One tissue that displays all the hallmarks of an epithelium is the root endodermis. In plants, the endodermis functions as a crucial barrier, separating the outer apoplastic space of the cortical cell layers, often in direct contact with the soil, from the inner apoplastic space of the vascular bundle. To create this barrier, endodermal cells secrete hydrophobic material in a highly localized and coordinated manner at all four lateral sides of the cell, resulting in the formation of the “Casparian Strip” (CS). Unpublished results of the host lab suggest that there is no lateral diffusion across the membrane adjacent to the CS (Casparian Strip domain, CSD) between outer and inner plasma membrane domains, further confirming the CS’s role as a barrier. Next to nothing is known about the mechanistics underlying CS formation and its role during primary root growth and lateral root emergence. For lateral root emergence, the CS has to be modified or degraded in order for the lateral root to emerge. The host lab has isolated CS-localized proteins and mutants affected in CS formation. I propose to use these markers and mutants in order to investigate the role of the CS in growth restriction primary root growth and lateral root emergence. I will use live-cell imaging combined with ultra-structural analysis to determine the developmental sequence of CS-formation and the dynamics of the CS during lateral root emergence. In parallel, I will perform micro-arrays on young, non-emerged lateral roots to identify new factors required for CS remodeling during lateral root emergence.

Keywords: cell biology,endodermis,casparian strip,signalling,root growth,lateral root emergence,4d-imaging,electron microscopy