Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Understanding the physics of first-year sea-ice growth using theoretical and computational fluid dynamics (SEA ICE CFD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sea ice provides a dramatic indicator of climate change, and is central to significant feedbacks on climate processes, weather, and polar biogeochemistry. The recently observed imbalance in the annual cycle of winter ice growth and summer melt results in a declining sea ice cover, with first year ice forming a larger fraction of the ice cover instead of the thicker multiyear ice that has been prevalent in the past. Hence, first year ice processes become increasingly important. This project will advance the state of the art in modelling of physical processes controlling sea ice growth, by applying theoretical and computational fluid dynamics tools to study 2 key elements of first year sea ice growth: 1. Sea ice forms a reactive porous material of ice crystals and liquid brine, allowing fluid transport through the ice and exchange of salt and chemicals with the ocean. We will develop numerical models to directly resolve fluid flow through the interior of a growing ice layer using a continuum theory for multiphase materials. Time-dependent simulations of convection in the ice pore space will yield new insight into brine drainage from sea ice. 2. A significant fraction of Antarctic sea ice has a granular texture, formed by aggregation of ice crystals that grow in turbulent waters below the ocean surface. We will develop novel direct numerical simulations of particle-laden flow with crystal growth and aggregation, to quantify the dynamics of granular ice formation. The resulting modelling tools, simulation data, and physical insight gained will complement existing observational and experimental data, and provide a basis for developing and evaluating parameterisations for climate prediction and models of sea ice biogeochemistry. This CIG project will develop a new research team on the fluid dynamics of sea ice processes, and build new collaborations that integrate the modelling work into the wider sea-ice and climate-science communities across Europe and beyond.

Keywords: sea ice,brine rejection,convection,ice crystal suspension,fluid dynamics,multiphase materials,mushy layers,flow in porous media,solidification,particle-laden flow,direct numerical simulation
To Notch up a broken heart (STRESSFATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Heart failure is a major health issue and a cause of death and disability. The endogenous regenerative capacity of the heart is too weak to recover from damage and instead the heart repairs damage by synthesis of a scar tissue leading to functional deterioration. To improve cardiac regeneration, stem cell therapies and material-based approaches have been developed but up till now with limited success as we still lack detailed knowledge of and the functional technology to guide the regenerative process. Cardiac tissue is composed of muscle cells, non-muscle cells and extracellular matrix organized into a complex 3-dimensional architecture. The regeneration process requires specialization of cardiac stem cells in combination with remodelling of the extracellular matrix to form a functional contractile tissue. The Notch signalling pathway is a unique therapeutic target for regeneration of the heart, but we no nothing about the crosstalk between Notch and the biomechanical microenvironment. We aim to develop an in vitro model system using in situ differentiation of cardiac stem cells on 3-dimensional microtissue. The tissue can be engineered to mimic healthy or diseased myocardium tissue and be mechanically stimulated to mimic the beating heart. Using the model we aim to gain in-depth understanding on how the extracellular matrix and changes therein and the Notch signalling pathway, are interlinked. To use Notch modulation as a handle in cardiac regeneration we will develop technology for temporally and spatially controlled modulation of Notch signalling and build a prototype of functional scaffold for cardiac stem cell differentiation comprised of controlled delivery of Notch modulators from a synthetic matrix.

Keywords: stem cells,molecular biology,cell signaling,tissue regeneration,tissue engineering,biomechanics,biomaterials
Electrochemical Near-fied Scanning Optical Microscopy / Manipulation and characterization at the nanoScale (ENSOM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project aims at developing and delivering a cutting edge analytical tool to provide unprecedented diagnostic capabilities for the characterization of nano/micromaterials of interest for energy conversion and storage, for nanoelectronic and catalysis, among others. To indeed optimize the design of new or existing nano/micromaterials, the fundamental reaction mechanism or properties of the active components have to be evaluated at the particle size level and therefore necessitate the development of a new generation of instrument that can combine physical observation, property characterization and local modification. The instrument we propose to develop, an electrochemical near-field Raman spectroscope (e-NSOM) will be used as a “Nano/Microlab station” that will enable on site modification, nanospectroscopy, compositional mapping and conductivity properties evaluation. Equipped with unique hybrid probes used as ultramicroelectrodes and nano-optical antennas e-NSOM will extract the electrochemical and optical properties of the sample under scrutiny, at the nanoscale and from a single measurement implemented in situ. This combination of several individual functions in a single unit will not only bring new insights in the fundamental understanding of micro and nanomaterials but also open new routes to the functionalization or modification of material at the nanoscale. Initiation and evaluation of the charge propagation within conductive polymers at different time / length scale, control of the delithiation rate (charge depth) of single particle for energy storage and subsequent analysis of the phase propagation, fine tuning of the electron conduction properties of graphene by local grafting of molecules are some of the new routes we intend to explore. By developing and applying e-NSOM, we anticipate major breakthrough in the development of these materials with strong potential for industrial applications.
Illustrative Visualization of Processes (PROCESSILLVIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The central focus the research is to understand visual abstraction. Understanding means 1. to identify meaningful visual abstractions, 2. to assess their effectiveness for human perception and cognition and 3. to formalize them to be executable on a computational machinery. The outcome of the investigation is useful for designing visualizations for a given scenario or need, whose effectiveness can be quantified and thus the most understandable visualization design can be effortlessly determined. The science of visualization has already gained some understanding of structural visual abstraction. What has not been given sufficient scientific attention to, is advancing the understanding of procedural visual abstraction, in other words investigating visual means that convey what things do or how things work. This missing piece of knowledge would be very useful for visual depiction of processes and dynamics that are omnipresent in science, technology, but also in our everyday lives. Upcoming project will therefore investigate theoretical foundations for visualization of processes. Physiological processes that describe the complex machinery of biological life will be picked as a target scenario. The reason for this choice is two-fold. Firstly, these processes are immensely complex, are carried-out on various spatial and temporal levels simultaneously, and can be sufficiently understood only if all scales are considered. Secondly, physiological processes have been modeled as a result of intensive research in biology, systems biology, and biochemistry and are available in a form of digital data. The goal will be to visually communicate how physiological processes participate on life by considering the limitations of human perceptual and cognitive capabilities. Solving individual visualization problems of this target scenario, the research will provide first pieces of understanding of procedural visual abstractions that are generally applicable, beyond the biology domain.

Keywords: illustrative visualization,visualization of biological data,scientific visualization
Unsteady aeroelastic control for multi-MW wind turbine rotors (UNAELCO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall objective of the project is to enhance the knowledge and develop advanced methods and tools for the research and development of unsteady aeroelastic control concepts for multi-MW wind turbine rotors. The focus is on the development of deeper understanding of the unsteady aerodynamics phenomena in combination with the operation of the distributed load control devices in wind turbines and on the evaluation of the benefits of using advanced models and controllers in the predictions of aeroelastic simulations. From the present stage of proven concepts, and first order numerical and experimental predictions, the project will contribute to the development of the research field to a new stage where it constitutes a complete, reliable and robust approach to system design, which is ready for prototype testing, with the target towards lowering the cost of energy produced by modern large-scale wind turbines. This will further strengthen the knowledge transfer and integration in the research field and enhance the collaboration between relevant research institutes.

Keywords: unsteady aerodynamics,aeroelasticity,control,wind turbine
Quantum nanoantennas for atomic scale optical spectroscopy (ANTOMIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The interaction of light with structures much smaller than its wavelength, i.e. far below the diffraction limit, is enhanced by the effect that electromagnetic fields cause in the charge of the object. The excitation of plasmons enhances and focuses the light in the proximity of the nanostructure, mediating the energy exchange between photons and electrons. As the size of metal nanostructures and optoelectronic nanodevices approaches atomic scale dimensions, quantization effects in their electronic and plasmon structure gain increasing relevance in light scattering. Understanding the coupling of photons with electrons in the presence of quantum effects is crucial for improving the functionality of optoelectronic nanodevices like light emitting diodes or for the performance of nanoparticles in fields like medicine, or catalysis. In this proposal we will study the quantum limits of light emission and scattering by metallic and molecular nanowires of nanometer sizes. We will identify their plasmon resonances and correlate them with their quantized electronic structure. The goal is to prove that nanowires of atomic sizes behave as optical antennas due to the quantization of their plasmon structure. This would mean that excitation of plasmon resonances can enhance the coupling between photons and electronic transitions in the nanowire. Since this research project bridges the fields of atomic-scale spectroscopy and nanooptics, a novel experimental approach is proposed. We will use low temperature scanning tunnelling and force microscopies, coupled to a light excitation and detection set-up, to resolve at the atomic scale both electronic structure and light scattering/emission by the atomic-sized antennas in response to optical/electron excitations. To enhance the field focusing at the quantum object we will use nanofabricated optical antennas as tips. An in-vacuum Fourier Transform detection scheme will be developed to extend the spectral detection to the mid-infrared.

Keywords: light emission scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy,optical nanoantennas,atomic nanowires,atomic force microscopy,near field optics,plasmons
Piezoelectric nanohybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration (PIEZOSCAFF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 50000.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bone tissue regeneration remains an important challenge in the field of orthopaedic and craniofacial surgery and sees a transplantation frequency second to that of blood. The total number of bone graft surgeries performed each year worldwide to repair bone defects in orthopaedics and dentistry is more than 2.2 million. Current clinical treatments for critical-size defects are challenging, and despite the natural capacity of bone for healing, if an injury is beyond a critical limit (critical size defect), it cannot heal by regeneration. Bone grafting is the current standard treatment; however, given the inherent limitations of this approach, bone tissue engineering and advanced biomaterials that mimic the structure and function of native tissues hold potential as a promising alternative strategy. Nanocomposites containing hydroxyapatite have attracted attention as they are structurally similar to natural bone and provide an osteoconductive matrix to which bone can react with ‘bone’. However, nanocomposites do very little to assist in the recruitment of host cells to assist in bone repair. To circumnavigate this issue, we propose the incorporation of piezoelectric nanofibres to promote guided cellular infiltration. At sites of bone fracture, naturally-occurring electric fields exist during healing which promote cell migration and may become perturbed at sites of critical bone defects. Our aim is to develop a novel hybrid material that consists of a biodegradable bioactive hydrogel network containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and PVDF(TrFE) nanofibres to produce a scaffold with mechanical and electrical properties akin to bone. In this study, the hybrid material will be fully characterised pertaining to its morphology, chemical composition, mechanical stability and piezoelectric response. Cells will be encapsulated within the hybrid material and viability and cytoperformance studies conducted as well as assessment of the materials innate osteoconductive properties.

Keywords: piezoelectric,regeneration,bone,nanotechnology,electrospinning,osteoconduction
Politics of Welfare in Emerging Market Economies (WELFAREPOLITICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research aims at explaining contemporary welfare system transformations in emerging market economies during the last four decades, by considering grassroots political factors. Through a comparative and historical analysis of welfare systems in Brazil, South Korea and Turkey, this project will examine to what extent grassroots politics have shaped welfare policies, focusing on government efforts to contain social unrest and mobilize popular support with the use of social welfare provision. There are two specific hypotheses: Despite similar structural transformations, (i) since the 1990s, Brazilian and Turkish governments have prioritized social assistance programs for the poor over social security programs for employees as a political response to a shift in grassroots politics from the formal to the informal proletariat, (ii) In South Korea, social security programs have remained as the central form of welfare provision because the formal proletariat has continued to act as the fundamental grassroots power. The informal proletariat has become the main source of threat and support for governments under the influence of Islamic and Kurdish movements in Turkey and under the influence of drug traffic in Brazil that controls the Afro-Brazilian dominated favelas. In South Korea, the formal proletariat has still been mobilized largely by powerful trade unions in. Thus, Brazilian state has to deal with criminal organizations and Turkish state with radical political organizations that both radicalize the informal proletariat while South Korean State with labour organizations. Welfare provision has been a critical instrument for government efforts in all cases and the type of grassroots political force that states mainly have to deal with has determined the central type of welfare provision.

Keywords: welfare provision,emerging market economies,politics,working class,slums,informal proletariat,formal proletariat,ethnicity,race,social policy,turkey,brazil,south korea,world bank
Demonstration of innovative solutions for Reuse of water, Recovery of valuables and Resource efficiency in urban wastewater treatment (R3WATER)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Improving resource efficiency
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Sweden,Spain,Germany,Finland,Belgium,Spain,Norway,United Kingdom,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2013-WATER-INNO-DEMO, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7737542.3
EU funding (EUR): 5282867.0
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

Reuse of water, Recovery of valuables and Resource efficiency in urban wastewater treatment The main objective of the project is to demonstrate solutions that support the transition from a treatment plant for urban wastewater to a production unit of different valuables. So far waste water treatment plants are usually regarded as facilities to avoid emissions from wastewater. Current research and development shows that these plants can be converted and upgraded into production units to provide energy, nutrients, water for re-use and possibly other valuables. This is achieved by improved resource efficiency in the plant as well as new technologies and business models that allow the re-use of resources from the incoming water. The 3 main objectives for the project are: • Demonstrate new technologies and solutions for increased resource efficiency in existing UWWTP performance thanks to innovative monitoring, advanced control strategies and management measures • Demonstrate innovative wastewater technologies that enable reuse of water, recovery of valuables such as nutrients • Facilitate market uptake for the demonstrated solutions for the European and global market by demonstrating solutions in different geographical context and reaching relevant stakeholders. The project will develop the following concepts for a number of important aspects to facilitate the transition to a production unit: • Resource and climate efficient treatment, thanks to: • Facilitating water re-use (e.g. monitoring) • Recycling of nutrients (and other valuables) Within the field of these topics, new and innovative technologies will be tested and demonstrated. For demonstration, 3 sites are involved in Belgium, Spain, and Sweden Results are disseminated to different stakeholder groups including Water treatment works, water authorities including international outreach e.g. to China.

Keywords: re-use of water,recycling of valuables,energy efficiency,resource efficiency,demonstration,business models,etv,monitoring,control systems,sludge valorisation,aeration,biogas efficiency