Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Roles of mitochondria in healthy and diseased myelin (MITOMYELIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1918878.0
EU funding (EUR): 1918878.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Demyelinating peripheral neuropathies form a diverse group of pathologies that include diabetic and aging peripheral neuropathies and inherited Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunctions have recently emerged as one major cause for these diseases. The goal of this project is to investigate the role of mitochondria in healthy and diseased myelin and to test whether we can change mitochondrial status and functions to prevent or treat these diseases. Our working hypothesis is that glial mitochondria act as a homeostatic interface between axon and glia: they participate to the destabilization of Schwann cells during demyelination and they help to detoxify axons by scavenging reactive oxygen species produced by axonal mitochondria. We have developed a novel approach that uses viral vectors to express cDNAs and/or small inhibitory RNAs in myelinating Schwann cells and myelinated axons in mice in vivo. I propose to use this approach combined with state-of-the-art imaging technique to challenge this preliminary concept in a meaningful in vivo context. Viral tools will first be used to generate defects in mitochondrial functions in the myelinating Schwann cell. The impact on myelination and myelin maintenance will be assessed by light and electron microscopy. Second, viruses will be used to express genetically-encoded fluorescent probes designed to analyze mitochondrial status in living cells. This imaging approach will allow investigating mitochondrial status in healthy, demyelinating and diseased myelinating Schwann cells in vivo. Finally we will investigate the impact of glial mitochondria dysfunctions on the axon. Reversely we will also modify axonal mitochondria and check the impact of these changes on myelin and glial mitochondria. This concept will be highly relevant to understand the molecular mechanisms of peripheral neuropathies but also of brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases.

Keywords: peripheral nervous system,peripheral neuropathies,myelin,mitochondria,imaging
Dynamic sensory-motor integration in spinal circuits (OPTOLOCO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although locomotion may seem effortless, it relies on spinal circuits producing extraordinarily complex patterns of muscle contractions. Graded movements occur over a wide range of amplitudes and frequencies, instantaneously adapting to changes in the environmental or inner state. Locomotion relies on oscillations generated by genetically determined circuits within the spine. Sensory information flowing in the circuits selects and shapes the pattern of motor outputs by triggering, stopping or steering locomotion. Sensory cells connect with ensembles of premotor neurons. Challenging studies in moving animals revealed that complex proprioceptive inputs were timed to the locomotor cycle. But when are mechano, chemo, and thermosensory inputs active in moving animals? And how are they integrated by spinal cell assemblies to alter motor patterns? I propose to study sensory-motor integration in a simple genetic model organism to address these crucial points. The transparency of the zebrafish larva enables measuring and manipulating sensory inputs in moving animals. Recently, we developed in vivo optogenetic approaches for probing spinal circuits. We identified a novel sensory pathway in vertebrates which interfaces spinal circuits with the cerebrospinal fluid. We demonstrated that remote activation of these inputs triggered slow locomotion. We will now combine optogenetics, population imaging, electrophysiology and quantitative behavioural analysis to dissect this novel proprioceptive function (Aim 1). We will extend our approach to other senses to examine when specific sensory inputs are recruited in the swimming cycle and how they dynamically shape motor output in moving animals (Aim 2). We will unravel how sensory inputs select motor patterns at the circuit level (Aim 3). Our studies will contribute to a fundamental question: how do circuits integrate local sensory information to shape complex output patterns?

Keywords: optogenetics,zebrafish,locomotion,sensory motor integration
Customized Micro Total Analysis Systems to Study Human Phase I Metabolism (CUMTAS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499668.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499668.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is to develop inexpensive, high-throughput technology to screen the thus far unexplored metabolic interactions between environmental and household chemicals and clinically relevant drugs. The main influential focus will be on human phase I metabolism (redox reactions) of common toxicants like agrochemicals and plasticizers. On the basis of their structural resemblance to pharmaceuticals and endogenous compounds, many of these chemicals are suspected to have critical effects on cytochrome P450 metabolism which is the main detoxification route of pharmaceuticals in man. However, with the current analytical instrumentation, screening of such large chemical pool would take several years, and new chemicals would be introduced faster than the old ones are screened. Thus, the main technological goal of this project is to develop novel, practically zero-cost analytical instruments that enable characterization of a compound’s metabolic profile at very high speed (<1 min/sample). This goal is achieved through miniaturization and high degree of integration of analytical instrumentation by microfabrication means, an approach often called lab(oratory)-on-a-chip. The microfabricated arrays are envisioned to incorporate all analytical key functions required (i.e., sample pretreatment, metabolic reaction, separation of the reaction products, detection) on a single chip. Thanks to the reduced dimensions, the amount of chemical waste and consumption of expensive reagents are significantly reduced. In this project, several different microfabrication techniques, from delicate cleanroom processes to extremely simple printing techniques, will be exploited to produce smart microfluidic designs and multifunctional surfaces. Towards the end of the project, more focus will be put on “printable microfluidics” which provides a truly low-cost approach for fabrication of highly customized microfluidic assays. Numerical modelling is also an integral part of the work.

Keywords: microfluidics,mass spectrometry,fluorescence,cytochrome p450,drug metabolism
Fine Tuning the Final Common Pathway: Molecular Determinants of Motor Unit Development and Plasticity (MU TUNING)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111109, 2012)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2017-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1456807.0
EU funding (EUR): 1456807.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Motor neurons (MNs) constitute the final common pathway in the generation of behaviors by linking the CNS with the movement apparatus. Herein, MNs diversify into fast, intermediate and slow types whose properties are tuned to the speed, force and endurance of the muscle fiber contractions they elicit. The MN-muscle fiber units display marked plasticity towards chronically altered physical activity, and show strong differences in their vulnerability towards degenerative conditions affecting the neuromuscular system, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and aging. Despite their central importance for determining neuromuscular output, plasticity and vulnerability the molecular mechanisms determining the functional MN types remain unknown. My group will use a cross-disciplinary approach by employing molecular genetic, cell biological, electrophysiological and motor behavior assays in mouse and chick to dissect molecular pathways determining MN type status and their contribution to neuromuscular system function and plasticity. Based on our preliminary data, this will focus on the contribution of non-canonical Notch signaling to MN type-specification and neuromuscular function, in addition to four newly identified neural activity modulators as candidate effectors of motor unit output and plasticity. This will be complemented by screening additional pathway components for roles in determining MN type properties through newly developed rapid gene tagging and electrophysiological interrogation in chick, followed by addressing their requirement for motor unit specification and function in mouse. Through an iterative cycle of (i) investigating candidate determinants of motor unit type, (ii) defining their role and mode of action in motor unit specification and function in the context of the neuromuscular system, and (iii) identifying essential downstream components, the proposal will explore molecular pathways operating in motor unit specification, function and plasticity.

Keywords: neuromuscular development/plasticity/vulnerability,motor unit-specification,molecular genetics,motor neuron-diversification
Optimised food products for elderly populations (OPTIFEL)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Fork to farm: Food (including seafood), health and well being
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,France,Spain,Poland,Poland,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Switzerland,Germany,France,France,France,France,Finland,France,Belgium,Türkiye,Poland,Spain
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2012-6-singlestage, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4442969.7
EU funding (EUR): 2999409.0
Participants: 29
Project status: CLOSED

Optilfel has as its ultimate goal to contribute to elders’ health by combating denutrition due to both physical capacities diminution and appetite loss. The concept of Optifel is to translate the knowledge on nutritional needs, food preferences and physical capacities into accurate specifications for food products and packaging. Food products (including packaging and food serving methods) will then be elaborated using both traditional and alternative technologies to meet these specifications and their acceptance tested by elderly. The population targeted by the project is elderly persons cooking at home or making use of meal-on-wheels services for whom the project will conceive food products adapted to their taste, habits, needs and constraints. The range of solutions envisaged span from taste and texture to nutritional quality, and microbial safety through packaging and delivery mode. Optifel will test the approach on fruit and vegetable products, which traditionally constitute a high part of elderly diet, offer great variety, and are amenable to texture manipulation. Optifel aims to - collect, refine and formalise user needs and expectations in terms of sensory and nutritional quality, texture, packaging’s cognitive and biomechanical ergonomics, and preparation convenience. - translate elders and caregivers’ needs and expectations into food products and packaging functional specifications to be delivered under the form of conceptual food models. - design and develop food processing and packaging to produce prototypes fulfilling the specifications. - assess the actual properties of the prototypes after food preparation and identify criticalpoints during final preparation and serving. - test the prototype products in meals-on-wheels and in nursing homes to evaluate their acceptance by elderly persons and care-givers.

Keywords: elderly,personalised food,preference,needs,constraints,health,independence,nutritional quality,sensory quality,packaging,food prototypes,test,nursing homes,meal-on-wheels,fruit,vegetable
SEA-EU-NET 2 - EU-ASEAN S&T cooperation to jointly tackle societal challenges (SEA-EU-NET II)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Activities of International Cooperation
Destination: Bi-regional coordination of S&T cooperation including priority setting and definition of S&T cooperation policies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands,Hungary,Türkiye,Thailand,Austria,France,Italy,Poland,Malaysia,Norway,Singapore,Switzerland,Portugal,Philippines,Indonesia,Viet Nam,Lao People's Democratic Republic
Call:  (FP7-INCO-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 55.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4655242.61
EU funding (EUR): 3998565.0
Participants: 23
Project status: CLOSED

SEA-EU-NET 2 will build upon and leverage strong EU-SEA S&T relationships developed through past support and coordination actions, to deepen engagement and build momentum in S&T cooperation. It broadens the scope of EU-SEA cooperation through stimulating sustainable innovation collaborations. SEA-EU-NET 2 will focus on three societal challenges: Health, Food security and safety, and Water management, where the greatest opportunities can be leveraged from joint EU-SEA research. SEA-EU-NET 2 will serve as a platform for all stakeholders across governments, funders, practitioners, and the private sector, to ensure a complete and integrated approach to developing sustainable STI collaboration to jointly tackle societal challenges. It will focus on: Dialogue: To strengthen bi-regional and bilateral EU-ASEAN dialogues in S&T cooperation Decision-Making: To report to policy makers in both Europe and Southeast Asia in order to pave the way to implement new ambitious bi-regional activities in STI Jointly Tackling Societal Challenges: To focus on joint efforts on a selected set of thematic areas, namely Health, Food security and safety, and Water management. In focussing on these topics, the project will evaluate EU-SEA S&T cooperation, run workshops to bring scientists together, support young scientists develop new funding schemes to broaden and deepen the collaboration Networking: To network different stakeholders to build bi-regional networks and to strengthen research capacity Sustainability: To ensure that all activities deliver impact beyond the lifespan of the project in order to develop sustainable partnerships The project will have lasting impact on (1) a structured and substantiated policy dialogue between ASEAN and EU, (2) the promotion of the ERA in SEA, (3) the role of EU as major partner in research cooperation and innovation by jointly tackling societal challenges, (4) the development of new funding schemes in research and academic mobility

Keywords: eu-asean science and technology cooperation,support actions,societal challenges: health,foods,security and safety,water management
Integrating human agency in global-scale land change models (GLOLAND)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499639.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499639.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Current global-scale research on environmental change has a strong focus on the physical processes that underlie changes in the earth system. Although global environmental change is driven by individual and collective human decisions, most earth system and integrated assessment models lack a proper representation of variation in human decision making. The importance of variation in local context has caused much social-science research on the underlying driving factors and decision making structures to focus on local case studies. Consequently, important insights from social-science have been ignored in global-scale assessment models. The proposed research, which focuses on land system change as one of the dominant processes of global environmental change, contributes to a new generation of integrated global assessment models. These models will explicitly account for the (spatial) variation in decision making to support the design of earth system governance. An improved understanding of the factors that drive decision making will be obtained through a novel approach for the meta-analysis of existing case studies worldwide. Supplementary empirical evidence will be collected by analyzing a number of transects and disentangling the global and local factors that influence land change decisions. Generalized, global-scale multi-agent modelling systems that represent variation in decision making will be developed. While the current approaches are driven mainly by changes in consumption patterns and demography, we propose an alternative approach that accounts for the full range of ecosystem service demands and explicitly addresses the spatial relationship between demand and supply of those services that influence decision making. Incorporating the findings into existing integrated assessment models will be supported by a trans-disciplinary approach to identify the requirements of the science-policy process in earth system governance.

Keywords: land change,global environmental change,agent-based modelling,ecosystem services,integrated assessment,meta-analysis
Impact matrix analysis and cost-benefit calculations to improve management practices regarding health status in organic dairy farming (IMPRO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Sustainable production and management of biological resources from land, forest, and aquatic environment
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Sweden,France,Netherlands,Spain,United Kingdom,Germany
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2012-6-singlestage, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4049457.2
EU funding (EUR): 3265787.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

Animal health status in organic dairy farming does not in all respect meet consumers’ expectations. Improvements are crucial to support consumers’ confidence and their willingness to pay premium prices. These are urgently needed to cover the higher production costs. Previous herd health planning concepts have prepared the ground for further advancements. However, recommended measures are often implemented only to an unsatisfactory degree, differing widely between farms, and resulting in an improper animal health status. The IMPRO project aims to substantially overcome weak points in current health management strategies on organic dairy farms and to increase the implementation of evidence based measures and to improve practice of health management. This will be achieved by a multidisciplinary and participatory approach to develop farm specific solutions regarding preventive measures and early treatment strategies. Researchers with a thorough experience in conducting applied research will aim for the following: • to develop a participatory and farm-centric diagnostic tool for a sound diagnostic procedure at the farm level, identifying the most effective measures to improve animal health, • to evaluate farm-specific costs and benefits of recommended measures, to optimise farm-specific allocation of available resources, and to emerge incentives, • to examine the motivation and attitudes of farmer, advisor, and veterinarian directly involved in health management practice, • to elaborate reference values for achievable standards with respect to animal health status, • to develop a pro-active monitoring protocol aiming for improved effectiveness of preventive and treatment strategies and for a reduction in the use of allopathic remedies, • to assess the manageability of alternative treatments according to the state-of-the-art, • to develop a software-based tool including health monitoring, farm diagnostics’ procedures, cost-benefit calculation, and break-even analysis.

Keywords: organic dairy farming,system approach,animal health management,animal welfare,treatment strategies,preventive strategies,health economics,farmers' perceptions
Impacts of Environmental Conditions on Seed Quality (ECOSEED)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Sustainable production and management of biological resources from land, forest, and aquatic environment
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Austria,United Kingdom,Germany,France,Germany,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Spain,France
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2012-6-singlestage, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3825630.8
EU funding (EUR): 2930937.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

Seed quality is of paramount importance to agriculture, food security and the conservation of wild species. Considerable economic losses result from sub-optimal seed performance, undermining food security and livelihoods. Seed quality is strongly influenced by the environmental stresses experienced by the mother plant. Climate change will further exacerbate economic losses and decrease the predictability of seed yield and quality for the farmer. The looming challenges of climate change and food security require new knowledge of how stress impacts on seed quality, as well as a re-appraisal of optimal storage conditions. EcoSeed addresses these challenges by bringing together a group of distinguished European experts in seed science and converging sciences to characterise seed quality and resilience to perturbation. EcoSeed combines state-of the-art "omics", epigenetics, and post-"omics" approaches, such as nuclear and chromatin compaction, DNA repair, oxidative and post-translational modifications to macromolecules, to define regulatory switchboards that underpin the seed phenotype. Special emphasis is placed on the stress signalling hub that determines seed fate from development, through storage, germination and seedling development, with a particular focus on seed after-ripening, vigour, viability and storability. Translation of new knowledge gained in model to crop and wild species is an integral feature of EcoSeed project design, which will create a step-change in our understanding of the regulatory switchboards that determine seed fate. Novel markers for seed quality and new "omics" information generated in this project will assist plant breeders, advise the seed trade and conservationists alike. In this way, EcoSeed will not only be proactive in finding solutions to problems of ensuring seed quality and storability but also play a leading role in enabling associated industries to better capture current and emerging markets.

Keywords: seed,quality trait,agriculture,conservation,redox,signalling,stress,viability,vigour,longevity,crop,arabidopsis thaliana,helianthus,brassica,hordeum vulgare,wild species,dna