Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Proof-theoretical Approaches to Concurrency Theory (PACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-10-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at providing a mathematical understanding of software exploiting modern distributed computer architectures, through the study of type systems for concurrent programs from a logical perspective. Type systems are an essential part of modern programming languages, that have proved to be a reliable support for the development of trustworthy software in the standard setting of sequential (functional) computing. However, the mathematical foundations and associated techniques underlying the type systems of functional programming languages have not yet been transferred to the distributed setting, although this is a crucial step in the development of concurrent programming languages. A cornerstone of the development of functional type systems was the connection between proof systems, in formal logic, and programming languages. Proof theory is a flexible tool that naturally leads to a precise, mathematical specification of type systems that can be very expressive. The goal of the project is to leverage recent work in computational logic (in particular linear logic and its extensions) to design type systems for process calculi (a mathematical representation of distributed software) that support the features necessary to the development of a programming language. Specifically, the question of the sequentiality of computing steps in this parallel setting is the major point of contention, that needs to be addressed for such a programming language to be reasonably conceived. This proof-theoretical approach to concurrency theory (the mathematical study of distributed software) is the key to the development of type systems that would validate well-behaved distributed programs: the main objectives of the project are the integration of explicit sequentiality to state-of-the-art systems, and the establishment of a precise relation between the typeability of a program (its validity according to the type system) and its implementability.

Keywords: type systems,distributed programming,session types,linear logic
The Latinization of the North-western Roman Provinces: Sociolinguistics, Epigraphy and Archaeology (LatinNow)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 76.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1496272.0
EU funding (EUR): 1496272.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This is an interdisciplinary project linking sociolinguistics, archaeology and ancient cultural history. Dramatic changes occurred linguistically in the north-western Roman Empire: a patchwork of local languages which existed in the Iron Age had been all but replaced by Latin as the dominant language by the end of the imperial period. Precisely how, when and why this change occurred, and how it relates to other social phenomena, remains an underexplored topic central to the Roman world and requires investigation which is only possible through an analysis cutting across provincial boundaries, those between the Iron Age, Roman and early medieval periods, and reaching beyond Classics to modern sociolinguistics and Germanic, Celtic and Palaeo-hispanic studies. LatinNow bridges this gap in our knowledge by employing an approach which exploits both epigraphic and archaeological material (writing and writing equipment) and situates the phenomena of Latinization, literacy, bi- and multilingualism within broader social developments. Drawing together the developing strands of sociolinguistics, bilingualism studies, digital epigraphy, and small finds archaeological investigation into an integrated methodology brings a fresh perspective, founded on empirical data and supported by evolving technologies (GIS, EpiDoc, RTI). The interdisciplinary approach and analytical rigour, promoted in 3 research volumes, project GIS, RIBOnline, conference and workshops, will encourage the extension of this methodology. The creation of a centre of excellence for digital epigraphy at the University of Nottingham and the touring exhibition, which will disseminate research and skills across the ERA, will spread the competences and knowledge necessary for the implementation of this new research across the Roman world and beyond. LatinNow confronts thorny, large-scale socio-cultural issues and will contribute to an appreciation of the construction of our diverse European heritage.

Keywords: sociolinguistics,epigraphy,digital humanities,bilingualism,literacy,latinization
Functional connectomics of the amygdala in social interactions of different valence (CoSI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Poland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2023-04-30
Duration (months): 77.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1312500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1312500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Understanding how brain controls social interactions is one of the central goals of neuroscience. Whereas social interactions and their effects on the emotional state of an individual are relatively well described at the behavioral level, much less is known about neural mechanisms involved in these very complex phenomena, especially in the amygdala, a key structure processing emotions in the brain. Recent investigations, mainly on fear learning and extinction, have shown that there are highly specialized neuronal circuits within the amygdala that control specific behaviors. However, a high density of interconnections, both among amygdalar nuclei and between amygdalar nuclei and other brain regions, and the lack of a predictable distribution of functional cell types make defining behavioral functions of the amygdalar neuronal circuits challenging. Therefore, to understand how different neuronal circuits in the amygdala produce different behaviors tracing anatomical connections between activated neurons, i.e., the functional anatomy is needed. Published data and our preliminary results suggest that within the amygdala there exist different neuronal circuits mediating social interactions of different valence (positive or negative affective significance) and that circuits controlling social and non-social emotions differ. Combining our recently developed behavioral models of adult, non-aggressive, same-sex social interactions with the methods of tracing anatomical connections between activated neurons, we plan to identify neural circuitry underlying social interactions of different emotional valence. This goal will be achieved by: (1) Characterizing functional anatomy of neuronal circuits in the amygdala underlying socially transferred emotions; (2) Examining role of the identified neuronal subpopulations in control of social behaviors; (3) Verifying role of matrix metalloproteinase-9-dependent neuronal subpopulations within the amygdala in social motivation.

Keywords: social interaction,emotional valence,functional anatomy
Inference in Microeconometric Models (MiMo)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: France,France,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1294739.0
EU funding (EUR): 414970.45
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Unobserved differences between economic agents are an important driver behind the differences in their economic outcomes such as schooling decisions, wages, and employment durations. Allowing for such unobserved heterogeneity in economic modeling equips the specification with an additional dimension of realism but presents major challenges for econometric practice. Hence, reconciling heterogeneity in the data with econometric models is an issue of utmost importance. The aim of this project is to develop inference methods for models with unobserved heterogeneity by exploiting the identifying power of longitudinal (panel) data. The project consists of three blocks. Together, they span the largest part of modern applications of panel data. The first block deals with inference on nonlinear models and enhances the performance of statistical hypothesis tests. So far, the literature has focused on point estimation. However, it is statistical inference that accounts for uncertainty in the data and forms the basis for testing economic restrictions. The second block makes progress on the estimation of models for network data. The importance of social and economic connections is well established but few formal results are available. We exploit the fact that network data can be seen as a type of panel data to derive such results. The third block uses panel data to non-parametrically estimate dynamic discrete-choice models with unobserved type heterogeneity and/or latent state variables. Such results are inexistent even though dynamic discrete-choice models are a workhorse tool in labor economics and industrial organization. The performance of the tools will be assessed theoretically and via simulation, and they will be applied to various empirical problems. Two examples of applications that we will study are the extensive margin of labor force participation and the determinants of the import and export behavior of firms and countries.

Keywords: discrete choice models,microeconometrics,networks,incidental parameters,statistical inference,panel data,unobserved heterogeneity
The Politics of Legitimacy: Non-partisan global governance and networked INGO power in the global governance of post-war states (POLINGO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-17
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

POLINGO maps, analyses and theorizes the contribution of informal interpersonal networks to shaping the policies, programmes, and approaches of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in the international governance of crisis areas, particularly post-war states. By accompanying, complementing or even contradicting institutional linkages between state and non-state agencies, interpersonal networks transcend and bypass the conventional divide between governmental and non-governmental organisations. Since INGOs predominantly rely on their reputations as independent, disinterested and impartial to be able to work in post-war states, these closely knit interpersonal networks between state and non-state institutions raise questions regarding the sources and construction of legitimate INGO authority and credibility in global governance. Despite the ubiquity of such informal interpersonal networks, there has not been any systematic attempt to study their role in shaping, enabling or transcending institutional structures and means of cooperation in the global governance of post-war states. POLINGO addresses this gap by combining a longitudinal Social Network Analysis (SNA) with two in-depth qualitative case studies. The project breaks new ground theoretically and empirically by studying the institutional and interpersonal/informal interfaces between non-state and state-based forms of power in global governance as summarized in the following overarching research question: How do interpersonal networks between state- and non-state agencies shape INGO practices and positions in the global governance of post-war states?

Keywords: mixed methods social network analysis,ingos,individual agency,legitimacy,post war governance
Cognitive Collaboration for Teaming (Co2Team)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,France
Call: Cognitive Computing potential for cockpit operations (H2020-CS2-CFP08-2018-01, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 795905.0
EU funding (EUR): 795905.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

In a fast-evolving aeronautical environment (increase in environmental and technological complexity, pilot shortage), positioning a roadmap towards more autonomous flights through Single Pilot Operations (SPO) is a serious Human Factors challenge. Two main strategies towards autonomy are possible today: progressive crew reduction and Urban Air Mobility expansion (UAM drones). Co2Team proposes a crew reduction strategy assisted by cognitive computing to be more competitive versus the Urban Air Mobility strategy. Our objectives are based on three principles: • The gradual design of a cognitive system enabling an intelligent pilot/system shared authority. A strategy of continuous progression enabling the gradual introduction of an “intelligent” system in the cockpit that can learn first passively from “listening” to all the data so as to “learn” the logics of piloting, and then enable hints and suggestions. Once approved, such system could assist pilot’s operations. • An in-depth analysis of all tasks and knowledge necessary for pilots to perform their duties and determine what should remain in the authority of the pilot and what should be delegated to the system, using an iterative validation methodology. • The possibility to work in parallel for technological improvements of UAM systems. Trained Artificial Intelligence with pilot know-how and airmanship (in our SPO/SPIC roadmap) will be a potential intelligence of future drone systems as an added value versus UAM systems. Co2Team project propose firstly a study of what are the Human “real” tasks and knowledge that should be given last to the system and promote those for a SPO/SPIC cockpit. Such differentiation can only be done with expert pilots (Deutsche Lufthansa), experts in human factors in aeronautics and cognitive technologies (Bordeaux INP) and expert in Artificial Intelligence (DFKI).

Keywords: cognitive computing,explanable artificial intelligence,intelligent shared authority,single pilot operation,trust,acceptability
Artificial intelligence Supporting CAncer Patients across Europe (ASCAPE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Spain,Spain,Germany,Serbia,Greece,Greece,Switzerland,Romania,Sweden,Greece,Netherlands,Luxembourg,United Kingdom
Call: Big data and Artificial Intelligence for monitoring health status and quality of life after the cancer treatment (H2020-SC1-DTH-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4999991.25
EU funding (EUR): 4999991.25
Participants: 18
Project status: SIGNED

The latest cancer statistics highlight encouraging advances in decreasing cancer-related mortality. However, given that one in two people will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime, and due to the growing and ageing population, the absolute number of people living with cancer is set to keep increasing substantially in the near future. The main objective of ASCAPE is to take advantage of the recent ICT advances in Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to support cancer patients’ quality of life and health status. To achieve its objective, ASCAPE will create an open AI infrastructure that will enable health stakeholders (hospitals, research institutions, companies, etc.) to deploy and execute its AI algorithms locally on their private data. Any new knowledge produced by this process will be sent back to the open AI infrastructure. This way the knowledge will be shared among everyone while the medical data will still remain private. The services to be designed, piloted and deployed inside this project will include intelligent interventions for physiological and psychological support, improved patient and family counselling and guidance, early diagnosis and forecasts of ill-health, identification of disease trajectories and relapse, improved health literacy etc. ASCAPE will focus the training of the AI in two types of cancer, breast and prostate. This way, it will achieve sufficient coverage across genders as well as age groups, hence facilitating its ongoing improvements and applicability towards any type of cancer in the future. The ASCAPE project will be developed in 36 months by a competitive consortium of 15 partners from 7 countries, which corresponds to a well-balanced structure, involving big companies, SMEs, research centres and universities. Despite the great diversity of entities within the proposal, ASCAPE partners bring state-of-the-art complementary skills ensuring the ability of the consortium to develop the proposed solutions.

Keywords: big data,data driven analytics,artificial intelligence,machine learning,cancer patients,quality of life,health status,health economic data,heath care metadata,cancer care prediction
WRiting At Pylos: palaeography, tablet production, and the work of the Mycenaean scribes (WRAP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-11-02
End date: 2022-11-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 153085.44
EU funding (EUR): 153085.44
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

WRAP (WRiting At Pylos) will combine epigraphic and archaeological methods to provide new insights into the Mycenaean Greek texts written on clay tablets in the palace of Pylos in SW Greece, and into the ways in which scribes used the Linear B writing system in their work within the palatial administration. As the only Mycenaean site with a large number of securely contemporary Linear B tablets (c.1000, nearly all written within the same year c.1200 BCE), Pylos offers a unique view of palatial economic and administrative concerns and of the practices of a community of writers. This innovative interdisciplinary action, based in the British School at Athens and supervised by Prof. John Bennet, a leading expert in interdisciplinary studies of Linear B, will shed new light on the processes and people involved in creating the clay tablets and the ways in which the scribes were trained to use this writing system for administrative recordkeeping; it will also illuminate the development of the Linear B writing system over time and the use of palaeographic variation to date groups of texts. These objectives will be accomplished through a detailed analysis of the palaeography and physical features of the original tablets, which this action’s location in Athens will enable the ER to study in the National Archaeological Museum, and an experimental archaeology project on the processes of tablet production, to be carried out in conjunction with the BSA’s Fitch Laboratory, which will provide training in ceramic analysis and experimental design. This ground-breaking investigation of palaeography and tablet production will not only produce a new understanding of the work of the scribes of Pylos and make important contributions to ongoing debates over Mycenaean chronology and history; it will also provide a more rigorous comparative and methodological basis for future studies aimed at a more complete understanding of the practices of the scribes from all of the Mycenaean palaces.

Keywords: linear b,aegean prehistory,mycenaean greece,late bronze age greece,prehistoric archaeology,epigraphy,palaeography,writing systems,scribal practices
The Making of Modernist Resistance, 1880-1950 (ssmscaifa)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The vibrant diversity of an increasingly global modernity owes much to the cross-cultural exchanges between British and Indian modernists during their collaborations in civil rights, anti-colonial, and anti-fascist activism from the 1880s to the 1950s. The proposed project examines the shifting nature of literary and political contributions to activist movements made by four such networks of British and Indian modernists to illuminate their integral role in creating what I contend is a distinctively modernist resistance. As early as the 1880s, theosophists from Britain partnered with renowned Indian spiritualists to bridge cultural gaps between colonizer and colonized through shared mystical experiences to emphasize an innate unity among human beings. By 1919, however, the disillusionment following World War I coupled with India’s outrage about the Amritsar Massacre in which General Dyer and his troops opened fire killing hundreds of innocent Indians, supplanted such yearnings for unity with efforts to protect democratic freedoms from threats by right-wing extremists through a secular socialist resistance. Mulk Raj Anand, initially drawn to the liberal humanism of the Bloomsbury Group eventually joined the radical socialists of India’s Progressive Writers Association in 1936. Women like Sarojini Naidu and Virginia Woolf fought for women’s equality and opportunities to join in anti-right-wing resistance. Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, influenced by the socialist ideologies of the Fabian Society, incorporated them into Indian nationalism and governance. This study explores the relationship between the ideologies of these networks to establish what the shift from spiritualism to secular socialist nationalism reveals about the nature of modernist resistance and the conditions of modernity that inspired it. The world view underpinning this resistance was integral in defining the post-war identities of Britain and India as secular socialist-leaning democracies.

Keywords: indian nationalism,empire,literature,india,britain,resistance,fascism,twentieth century,socialism,modernism,modernity