Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Diamond Lasers: Revolutionising Laser Engineering (DIAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1479707.0
EU funding (EUR): 1479707.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over the last three years, synthetic single crystal diamond with high optical quality has become available for the first time. The time is thus ripe to exploit this unique material for laser engineering. Building on their pioneering work characterising, modelling and experimentally proving this material, this team will explore novel means to harness its the extraordinary properties – a thermal conductivity that is one to two orders of magnitude greater than conventional solid-state laser materials, an extremely high rigidity, excellent resistance to mechanical stress, a wide transparency window, and very good Raman gain properties. The thermal conductivity of diamond, in particular, has the potential to revolutionise solid-state laser design. To date, the design of a solid-state laser has largely been driven by the need to manage heat – the use of diamond can remove this requirement leading to simpler and more compact designs for high performance lasers. This programme will focus on introducing laser gain to structures based on novel high optical quality diamond. Four principal approaches will be examined: 1. Developing high thermal conductivity hybrid structures by sandwiching thin slices of laser gain material between layers of diamond. 2. Using the high Raman gain in diamond to develop high performance diamond Raman lasers 3. Exploiting optically efficient, room-temperature colour centres in diamond to develop a revolutionary suite of broadly tuneable and ultrafast visible lasers. 4. Exploring the direct doping of diamond with laser ions, building on the rapid recent progress in diamond synthesis. Encompassing laser physics, materials science and device engineering, this programme will balance risk and reward to help position Europe as the world-leader in laser engineering. The lasers developed will be important tools in vital sectors such as science (e.g. biological imaging), energy (e.g. wind speed sensing) and medicine (e.g. treating vascular lesions).

Keywords: diamond photonics,thermal management in lasers,synthetic diamond,laser engineering,photonics.
From correct to high-quality reactive systems (QUALITY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Formal verification is the study of algorithms and tools for the development of correct hardware and software designs. Two fundamental problems in formal verification are temporal logic model checking -- given a mathematical model of the system and a temporal-logic formula that specifies the desired behavior of the system, decide whether the model satisfies the formula, and synthesis -- given a temporal-logic formula that specifies the desired behavior, generate a system that satisfies the specification with respect to all environments. Formal verification improves earlier verification methods, which are based on simulation and are thus neither exhaustive nor fully automatic. Formal verification is Boolean: the system may either satisfy its specification or not satisfy it. The objective of this research is to add a quality measure to the satisfiability of specifications of reactive systems, and to use it in order to formally define and reason about quality of systems and in order to significantly improve the quality of automatically synthesized reactive systems. We plan to do so by developing a theory of multi-valued specification formalisms -- temporal logic and automata, studying the algorithmic aspects of the new formalisms, and suggesting novel applications of multi-valued automata in verification, design, and synthesis of reactive systems.

Keywords: temporal logic,automata,model checking,synthesis of reactive systems
Helicopter Drag Prediction using Detached-Eddy Simulation (HELIDES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2010-04, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 147284.4
EU funding (EUR): 110463.3
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Reduction of aerodynamic drag is central to the ACARE 2020 goal of reducing fuel consumption in air transportation. For rotorcraft, the majority of the drag occurs due to extensive flow separation around the fuselage and rotor hub. Such highly unsteady flows present significant challenges for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques in terms of solution fidelity and computational expense. However, a new family of hybrid RANS/LES techniques addresses this conflict by mixing pure modelling (RANS) and partial resolution (LES) of the turbulent motion to provide an optimal tradeoff between solution fidelity and computational cost. Of these, the well-established detached-eddy simulation (DES) method has been selected for the HELIDES simulations due to its high maturity and inherent suitability. Through participation in numerous EU projects (e.g. FLOMANIA, DESider, ATAAC), the consortium has developed a very high level of expertise with the development and application of these methods, including to helicopter fuselage simulation. The HELIDES consortium has furthermore played a central role in the implementation and validation of cutting-edge DES methods in an efficient, incompressible, unstructured CFD solver that can capture complex geometries with rotating components. Furthermore, novel analysis techniques for the quantification of the random error in statistical quantities provides a pragmatic means to manage the significant problem of finite simulated time samples. With these well-suited tools and expertise, together with access to very large computing resources, the HELIDES consortium considers itself ideally equipped to perform the demanding high-fidelity simulations specified by the Call.

Keywords: computational fluid dynamics (cfd),hybrid rans-les,detached-eddy simulation (des),turbulent flow,rotating geometry,unstructured grid,complex geometry,drag prediction,statistical analysis
Microscopy of Tunable Many-Body Quantum Systems (MICROQUANT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1477500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1477500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to take the experimental investigation of strongly-correlated quantum matter in the context of ultracold gases to the next scientific level by applying “quantum gas microscopy” to quantum many-body systems with tunable interactions. Tunability, as provided near Feshbach resonances, has recently proven to be a key ingredient for a broad variety of strongly-correlated quantum gas phases with strong repulsive or attractive interactions and for investigating quantum phase transitions beyond the Mott-Hubbard type. Quantum gas microscopy, as recently demonstrated in two pioneering experiments, will be combined with tunability as given by bosonic Cs atoms to give direct access to spatial correlation functions in the strongly interacting regimes of e.g. the Tonks gases, to open up the atom-by-atom investigation of transport properties, and to allow the detection of entanglement. It will provide local control at the quantum level in a many-body system for entropy engineering and defect manipulation. It will allow the generation of random potentials that add to a periodic lattice potential for the study of glass phases and localization phenomena. In a second step, we will add bosonic and fermionic potassium (39-K and 40-K) to the apparatus to greatly enhance the capabilities of the tunable quantum gas microscope, opening up microscopy to fermionic and, in a third step, to fermionic dipolar systems of KCs polar ground-state molecules. In the case of atomic 40-K fermions with tunable contact interactions, the central goal will be to investigate magnetic systems, in particular to create anti-ferromagnetic many-body states. The Cs sample, for which we routinely achieve ultralow temperatures and extremely pure Bose-Einstein condensates, would serve as a perfect coolant and probe. With KCs, which is non-reactive and hence stable, we will enter a qualitatively new regime of fermionic systems with long-range dipolar interactions.

Keywords: atomic and molecular quantum gases,bose-einstein condensation,superfluid-to-mott-insulator physics
Simple locally compact groups: exploring the boundaries of the linear world (SIMPLELCGPS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 848640.0
EU funding (EUR): 848640.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The theory of locally compact groups stretches out between two antipodes: on one hand, connected groups whose structure, according to the solution to Hilbert fifth problem, is governed by Lie theory and is thus relatively rigid, and on the other hand, discrete groups, which are subject to a spectacular variety of behaviours, going from the most stringent rigidity properties to the most intriguing pathological ones. The goal of this research program is to explore the wide space lying between these two extremes. The entire program is built around two major open problems: performing an exhaustive study of compactly generated simple locally compact groups, and finding an algebraic characterization of those locally compact groups which are linear. Although these problems do not seem to be directly approachable given the current state of knowledge, they are nevertheless considered as guidelines suggesting a number of specific questions and conjectures which are envisaged in detail under various perspectives of algebraic, geometric, arithmetic and analytic nature. Each of these specific questions presents independent interest; answers to any of them will moreover provide insight into the guiding problems.

Keywords: group theory,locally compact group,simple group,linear group,kac-moody algebra,non-positive curvature,lattice
Quantitative approaches for strongly correlated quantum systems in equilibrium and far from equilibrium. (MOTTMETALS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1130800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1130800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding electronic correlations remains one of the most important challenges in theoretical condensed matter physics. The interaction-induced metal-to-insulator Mott transition plays a major role in many transition metal oxides, f-electron materials and now in quantum optics. Upon doping or application of a strong electric field, strongly correlated Mott metals emerge from the Mott insulators, with fascinating properties. Moreover, the out-of-equilibrium behaviour of these systems is only beginning to be systematically explored experimentally. While these systems strongly challenge the standard concepts and methods of the quantum many-body theory, a new era is progressively unfolding, in which quantitative and detailed comparisons between theory and experiments is becoming possible in strong correlation regimes, even out of equilibrium. The goal of this proposal is to construct, in close contact with experiments and phenomenology, a new generation of theoretical methods and algorithms in order to i) study the new states of matter induced by non-equilibrium phenomena in strongly correlated quantum systems, first in simple models, and then in realistic computations for real materials; ii) elucidate the mystery of high temperature superconductivity. Open source implementations of the methods and algorithms developed during this project will also be provided for a better knowledge diffusion.

Keywords: strongly correlated systems. high temperature superconductivity. non equilibrium physics.
Developing methodologies to reduce inequalities in the determinants of health (DEMETRIQ)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Optimising the delivery of healthcare to European citizens
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom,Sweden,United Kingdom,Finland,Poland,Italy,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3930529.6
EU funding (EUR): 3000000.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Rationale Social inequalities in health are a major challenge to public health in Europe and hence a priority topic for the EU. While the average level of health in EU countries has continued to improve over the last decades, differences in health between advantaged and disadvantaged sections of the population within each country remain substantial. A broad spectrum of policies influences the determinants of health inequalities. Such interventions are seldom evaluated for their impact on population health in general and even more rarely for their differential impact on different socioeconomic groups. There is an urgent need to extend and strengthen the evidence base on differential policy impact, to help identify the most effective ways to reduce health inequalities in different EU countries. Methodologically, this is a highly challenging task for which traditional experimental evaluation designs are neither adequate nor feasible. Objectives 1 Develop, evaluate and refine methodologies for assessing the effects of social, economic and health policies on the pattern and magnitude of health inequalities among socioeconomic groups. 2 Assess the differential health effects by socioeconomic group of ‘natural policy experiments’ in the fields of unemployment and poverty reduction; tobacco and alcohol control; and access to education and preventive health care. 3 Synthesise the evidence from the findings of objectives 1-2, and actively engage users in the research in order to promote transfer of knowledge for policy and practice with maximum effectiveness. Approach New methods of policy analysis and evaluation of natural experiments will be combined with a unique longitudinal dataset of health determinants and health outcomes by socioeconomic group in more than 20 European countries covering several decades, in order to generate new knowledge on differential effects of policies targeting the strategic drivers of health inequalities.

Keywords: health policies,health inequalities,policy impact
Algorithmic Number Theory in Computer Science (ANTICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2011-StG_20101014, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1453507.0
EU funding (EUR): 1453507.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During the past twenty years, we have witnessed profound technological changes, summarised under the terms of digital revolution or entering the information age. It is evident that these technological changes will have a deep societal impact, and questions of privacy and security are primordial to ensure the survival of a free and open society. Cryptology is a main building block of any security solution, and at the heart of projects such as electronic identity and health cards, access control, digital content distribution or electronic voting, to mention only a few important applications. During the past decades, public-key cryptology has established itself as a research topic in computer science; tools of theoretical computer science are employed to “prove” the security of cryptographic primitives such as encryption or digital signatures and of more complex protocols. It is often forgotten, however, that all practically relevant public-key cryptosystems are rooted in pure mathematics, in particular, number theory and arithmetic geometry. In fact, the socalled security “proofs” are all conditional to the algorithmic untractability of certain number theoretic problems, such as factorisation of large integers or discrete logarithms in algebraic curves. Unfortunately, there is a large cultural gap between computer scientists using a black-box security reduction to a supposedly hard problem in algorithmic number theory and number theorists, who are often interested in solving small and easy instances of the same problem. The theoretical grounds on which current algorithmic number theory operates are actually rather shaky, and cryptologists are generally unaware of this fact. The central goal of ANTICS is to rebuild algorithmic number theory on the firm grounds of theoretical computer science.

Keywords: algorithmic number theory cryptology complexity theory
Hybrid Membrane - Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Hydrogen Purification Systems (HY2SEPS-2)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: Greece,Portugal,United Kingdom,Netherlands,France
Call:  (FCH-JU-2010-1, 2010)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1606279.0
EU funding (EUR): 825321.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of the proposed work is the design and testing of hybrid separation schemes that combine membrane and Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technology for the purification of H2 from a reformate stream that also contains CO2, CO, CH4, and N2. The general objectives comply with SP1-JTI-FCH.2010.2.3: “Development of gas purification technologies”, which is part of the application area SP1-JTI-FCH.2: “Hydrogen production & distribution”. A hybrid process should combine the very high throughput and purity of a PSA process with a membrane separation process which has lower operating costs. As a result a hybrid process is expected to increase the overall H2 recovery without sacrificing its purity. Furthermore, it provides the means for co-producing CO2 stream ready for capture and sequestration. In order to achieve this goal the following scientific and technological objectives have been identified the proposed two year project: •Optimization of the carbon membrane synthesis procedure and scale–up of their production. •Detailed characterization & generation of transport & adsorption data for the adsorbent and membrane materials •Investigate the benefits of using layered adsorbents on the PSA performance. •Simultaneous design, control and optimization of a hybrid PSA membrane separation system. •Evaluation of membrane material performance under real operating conditions. •Assembly and testing of a hybrid membrane – PSA separation system. •Investigation of the potential of generating a CO2 rich stream ready for capture.

Keywords: pressure swing adsorption,structured adsorbents,carbon membranes,hybrid separations
OPtimizing TArgets and Therapeutics In high risk and refractOry Multiple Myeloma (OPTATIO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Czechia,Italy,Hungary,Spain,Germany,Germany
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4284452.8
EU funding (EUR): 2999529.3
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease with rapidly growing prevalence and poor prognosis. Consequently, it is the goal of the OPTATIO consortium to seek out novel strategies for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic options. The MM pathogenesis involves not only genetic changes within the tumour cells but also the emergence of supportive conditions by the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). To target the essential components of this support system, it is the goal of the project to establish preclinical in vitro and in vivo models of MM that include functionally relevant elements of the BMM. The OPTATIO consortium will therefore analyse clinical data to correlate the presence of particular MM-BMM interactions with the pathogenesis of MM, with its intrinsic therapy resistance as well as with disease relapse due to the development of acquired drug resistance. These correlative data will be validated using autologous MM-BMM co-culture assays and reverse translated into in vitro screening and in vivo models, which will be subsequently used to develop lead compounds that target myeloma cells within their microenvironment. The clinical expertise of several oncological divisions, the research experience of academic laboratories and the pharmaceutical know-how of small and medium sized enterprises as well as biotech industry joined their efforts within the OPTATIO consortium to drive this important development and to ensure translation towards clinical trials. Expected impacts of the project include establishment of better diagnostics, new drug screening approaches for MM and novel personalised therapies based on individual ex vivo phenotyping leading to reduced patient mortality. Since envisaged drug screening methods are applicable to other areas of research and development, the project results will open new markets for industry partners in the fields of drug discovery and pharmaceutical development of products and services for personalized medicine.

Keywords: multiple myeloma,reverse translation,drug discovery,personalised medicine,bone marrow microenvironment,clinical research,diagnostics,in vivo animal model,in vitro screening,compound libraries