Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Integrated System for Transport Infrastructures surveillance and Monitoring by Electromagnetic Sensing (ISTIMES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Security systems integration, interconnectivity and Interoperability
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Switzerland,France,Sweden,Israel,Norway,Italy,Romania
Call:  (FP7-ICT-SEC-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4367950.74
EU funding (EUR): 3113460.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the proposal is to design, assess and promote an ICT-based system, exploiting distributed and local sensors, for non-destructive electromagnetic monitoring in order to achieve the critical transport infrastructures more reliable and safe. This has the overall aim to developing a high situation awareness in order to provide real time and detailed information and images of the infrastructure status to improve decision support for emergency and disasters stakeholders. The system exploits an open network architecture that can accommodate a wide range of sensors, static and mobile, and can be easily scaled up to allow the integration of additional sensors and interfacing with other networks. It relies on heterogeneous state-of-the-art electromagnetic sensors, enabling a self-organizing, self-healing, ad-hoc networking of terrestrial sensors, supported by specific satellite measurements. The integration of electromagnetic technologies with new ICT information and telecommunications systems enables remotely controlled monitoring and surveillance and real time data imaging of the critical transport infrastructures. The proposal will be based on several independent non-invasive imaging technologies based on electromagnetic sensing. Sensor cross validation, synergy and new data fusion and correlation schemes will permit a multi-method, multi-resolution and multi-scale electromagnetic detection and monitoring of surface and subsurface changes of the infrastructure . The architecture will be based on web sensors and service-oriented-technologies that comply with specific end-user requirements, including economical convenience, exportability, efficiency and reliability. The system will adopt open architectures and will make efforts to achieve full interoperability. The system will be tested on very challenging test beds such as: a highway-bridge and a railway tunnel.

Keywords: system architecture,integrated electromagnetic sensing techniques,transportation infrastructures monitoring.
Models and their Effects on Development paths: an Ethnographic and comparative Approach to knowledge transmission and livelilhood strategies (MEDEA)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Europe in the world
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain,Italy,Argentina,Slovakia,Brazil
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1426692.0
EU funding (EUR): 1100322.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The project interrogates the impact of development paths on the livelihoods and life projects of citizens. Starting from the premise that the analysis of (dominant or alternative) development paths must be situated within the complexities of historically unfolding links and realtionships, we shall explore how they are 'practiced' in specific environments. Central questions address: 1) How development models interact with specific socio-economic contexts 2) The effects of these interactions on transmissions and innovation of knowledge/skills 3) How specific development paths affect livelihood strategies. An interdisciplinary approach combines qualitative research and comparative methodologies with modelling to explore the dynamic effects of development models as they are implemented in specific contexts, at micro and macro levels. We hypothesise that: a) There is a lack of fit between the formal design of development models and their concrete applications. b) The transmission of knowledge/skills is central to effective development. c) Knowledge/skills (both tacit and explicit) are transmitted through formal and informal mechanisms, for example between gender and generations in families and neighbourhoods. d) Political and economic disruptions constitute situations of crisis in this transmission but at the same time afford opportunities for innovation. Focusing on connections between skills, work and unemployment in relation to heavy industry, the research will identify critical points in the shifts in demand for knowledge across generations, regions and economic spheres. An ethnographic approach enables a detailed account of social networks (encompassing those of solidarity and support) within and beyond work places, including strategic friendship, kinship and neighbourhood relations. The project will thus contribute to the comparative analysis of development models, and will generate recommendations for more complex and context-sensitive approaches.

Keywords: modelling,development,comparison,ethnography,skills,knowledge,transmission,innovation,livelihood,work,enterprise,generations,transformation,crisis
Spin-Thermo-Electronics (STELE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Future and emerging technologies
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Sweden,Germany,Netherlands,Sweden,Ukraine
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2007-C, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2289550.0
EU funding (EUR): 1741000.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

New magneto-transport phenomena have been discovered in magnetic multilayers and are now being optimized for industrial applications, extending the conventional electronics with new functionality. However, most of the current research on magnetic multilayer materials and its device applications rely on conventional equilibrium electron transport. The full potential of nano-structuring, which leads to a broad spectrum of novel non-equilibrium transport phenomena, is therefore not realized. In this research project we will focus on practically unexplored functional principles that can be implemented in nanostructures produced by state-of-the-art lithography and surface manipulation techniques. Our main idea is to use electrically controlled spin currents in highly non-equilibrium regimes with respect to energy and temperature; hence “spin-thermo-electronics”. The large amount of heat generated in nanoscale devices is today one of the most fundamental obstacles for reducing the size of electronics. In this proposal we turn the problem around by instead using electrically controlled local heating of magnetic nano-circuits to achieve fundamentally new functionality, relevant to several key objectives of the information and communication technology. Particular emphasis will be put on investigating and technologically evaluating the interplay of spin, charge, and heat in magnetic structures of sub-10 nm dimensions. Such structures, although inaccessible by today’s lithographic means, are in our view crucial for further miniaturization of electronic devices.

Keywords: spin,heat,charge,transport,nanotechnology,electronics,spintronics
Modern Approaches to Temperature Reconstructions in polar Ice Cores (MATRICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The recent anthropogenic global warming makes a detailed knowledge of variations in the Earth climate system and of the coupling processes between climate and biogeochemical cycles of pressing importance. Studies of climate changes in the past represent a vital part of climate change research which is essential to assess the current warming against the background of natural climate variability. Due to strong limitations in direct observations, climate reconstructions for the past can only be achieved using natural climate archives. The paleoclimatic archive in ice cores provides not only information on climate variability over many thousands of years in high resolution but also on greenhouse gases, aerosol concentrations and more. Crucial questions on climate variability on interannual to orbital time scales and on the coupling processes and teleconnections in the climate system remain still open. To answer these questions novel climate parameters on polar ice cores are needed that go beyond previous studies in terms of temporal resolution, spatial coverage as well as quantitative representativeness. This proposal intends to develop such methods based on latest advances in analytical techniques and to apply them to polar ice cores. The common theme of the new approaches within MATRICs is the reconstruction of new, quantitative temperature information from different regions of the Earth all on the same core avoiding crucial crossdating issues. This comprises (i) continuous quantitative reconstructions of local temperature changes on polar ice sheets in seasonal resolution using new approaches, (ii) estimates of climate changes in continental, not permanently ice covered regions based on concurrent changes in the methane cycle and (iii) a new physical ice core gas thermometer for mean global ocean temperature. Successful implementation of the studies in MATRICs will make a significant contribution to maintain the world leading position of European ice core science.

Keywords: ice cores,antarctica,greenland,ocean temperature,methane,isotopes
Stratospheric ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere (SHIVA)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Climate change, pollution, and risks
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,United Kingdom,Germany,Germany,Belgium,United Kingdom,Germany,France,United Kingdom,Norway,Germany,Germany,Malaysia
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4748334.0
EU funding (EUR): 3499995.0
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

SHIVA aims to reduce uncertainties in present and future stratospheric halogen loading and ozone depletion resulting from climate feedbacks between emissions and transport of ozone depleting substances (ODS). Of particular relevance will be studies of short and very short-lived substances (VSLS) with climate-sensitive natural emissions. We will perform field studies of ODS production, emission and transport in understudied, but critical, regions of the tropics using ship, aircraft and ground-based instrumentation. We will parameterise potential climate sensitivities of emissions based on inter-dependencies derived from our own field studies, and surveys of ongoing work in this area. We will study the chemical transformation of ODS during transport from the surface to the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), and in the stratosphere, using a combination of aircraft and balloon observations together with process-oriented meso-scale modelling. These investigations will be corroborated by space-based remote sensing of marine phytoplankton biomass as a possible proxy for the ocean-atmosphere flux of ODS. From this a systematic emission inventory of VSLS ODS will be established to allow construction of future-climate scenarios. The impact of climate-sensitive feedbacks between transport and the delivery of ODS to the stratosphere, and their lifetime within it, will be studied using tracer observations and modelling. Further global modelling will assess the contribution of all ODS, including VSLS (which have hitherto normally been excluded from such models) to past, present and future ozone loss. Here, the sensitivity of natural ODS emissions to climate change parameters will be used in combination with standard IPCC climate model scenarios in order to drive measurement-calibrated chemical transport model (CTM) simulations for present and future stratospheric ozone; to better predict the rate, timing and climate-sensitivity of ozone-layer recovery.

Keywords: stratospheric ozone,climate-change,halogens,very short-lived substances
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation through Alternative Landuses in Rainforests of the Tropics (REDD-ALERT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Climate change, pollution, and risks
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Belgium,Netherlands,Germany,Kenya,Indonesia,Nigeria,Colombia,Cameroon,United Kingdom,Viet Nam,Peru
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4770293.0
EU funding (EUR): 3488760.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal addresses Topic ENV.2008.1.1.5.1 “Addressing deforestation in tropical areas: greenhouse gas emissions, socio-economic drivers and impacts, and policy options for emissions reduction”. The overall goal of the project is to contribute to the development and evaluation of mechanisms and the institutions needed at multiple levels for changing stakeholder behaviour to slow tropical deforestation rates and hence reduce GHG emissions. This will be achieved through enhancing our understanding of the social, cultural, economic and ecological drivers of forest transition in selected case study areas in Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. This understanding will facilitate the identification and assessment of viable policy options addressing the drivers of deforestation and their consistency with policy approaches on avoided deforestation, such as Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and degradation (REDD), currently being discussed in UNFCCC and other relevant international fora. At the same time, ways of improving the spatial quantification of land use change and the associated changes in GHG fluxes will be developed, thereby improving the accounting of GHG emissions resulting from land use change in tropical forest margins and peatlands. This will allow the analysis of scenarios of the local impacts of potential international climate change policies on GHG emission reductions, land use, and livelihoods in selected case study areas, the results of which will be used to develop new negotiation support tools for use with stakeholders at international, national and local scales to explore a basket of options for incorporating REDD into post-2012 climate agreements. The project will provide a unique link between international policy-makers and stakeholders on the ground who will be required to change their behaviour regarding deforestation, thereby contributing to well-informed policy-making at the international level.

Keywords: deforestation,greenhouse gas emissions,climate change,abatement,forests,policy-making
Adaptive Schemes for Deterministic and Stochastic Flow Problems (ADDECCO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1432770.0
EU funding (EUR): 1432769.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The numerical simulation of complex compressible flow problem is still a challenge nowaday even for simple models. In our opinion, the most important hard points that need currently to be tackled and solved is how to obtain stable, scalable, very accurate, easy to code and to maintain schemes on complex geometries. The method should easily handle mesh refinement, even near the boundary where the most interesting engineering quantities have to be evaluated. Unsteady uncertainties in the model, for example in the geometry or the boundary conditions should represented efficiently.This proposal goal is to design, develop and evaluate solutions to each of the above problems. Our work program will lead to significant breakthroughs for flow simulations. More specifically, we propose to work on 3 connected problems: 1-A class of very high order numerical schemes able to easily deal with the geometry of boundaries and still can solve steep problems. The geometry is generally defined by CAD tools. The output is used to generate a mesh which is then used by the scheme. Hence, any mesh refinement process is disconnected from the CAD, a situation that prevents the spread of mesh adaptation techniques in industry! 2-A class of very high order numerical schemes which can utilize possibly solution dependant basis functions in order to lower the number of degrees of freedom, for example to compute accurately boundary layers with low resolutions. 3-A general non intrusive technique for handling uncertainties in order to deal with irregular probability density functions (pdf) and also to handle pdf that may evolve in time, for example thanks to an optimisation loop. The curse of dimensionality will be dealt thanks Harten's multiresolution method combined with sparse grid methods. Currently, and up to our knowledge, no scheme has each of these properties. This research program will have an impact on numerical schemes and industrial applications.

Keywords: fluid mechanics,non oscillatory isogeometric finite elements,solution dependant basis functions,uncertainty quantification,unstructured meshes
Earth Observation for monitoring and assessment of the environmental impact of energy use (ENERGEO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Earth observation and assessment tools for sustainable development
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,France,Germany,Austria,Austria,Poland,Germany,Netherlands,Netherlands,Pakistan
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7866511.3
EU funding (EUR): 6010977.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the EnerGEO project is to develop a strategy for a global assessment of the current and future impact of the exploitation of energy resources on the environment and ecosystems and to demonstrate this strategy for a variety of energy resources worldwide. The global observation strategy will be developed to appropriately assess the impacts of current and future transitions in energy-use on the environment by a combination of: • models already available for the different sources of energ: TASES, REMIX and MESSAGE • existing global datasets from which environmental indicators will be derived to quantify changes to freshwater systems, biosphere, ecosystems, atmosphere and oceans. • existing and currently developed models capable of assessing and forecasting environmental impacts and costs of energy exploitation. By developing a distributed system based on the recommendations of the GEO-Architecture and Data Committee global collection and dissemination of data relating to the effect of energy use on the environment will be supported. By including members of the Energy-Community of Practice of GEO, sustained contribution of the GEO-tasks EN-07-02 and EN-07-3 will be realised. The project takes the testing and demonstration of the observing system and developed scenarios through the execution of dedicated pilots at heart. The pilots are focused on the most important issues relating to atmospheric composition and land degradation through the use of fossil fuels, future impacts of the use and production of biomass on land ecosystems and food security, sustainable integration of solar energy in current grids as well as its visual impact and relating to the impact of wind energy on marine ecosystems. Attention will be given to pollutants that are continuously cycling between the atmosphere and aquatic ecosystems. The results of the pilots feed into an integrated platform that will be run for known scenarios in order to assess energy strategies.

Keywords: earth observation,monitoring,prediction,environmental impacts,energy resources
Mass hierarchy and particle physics at the TeV scale (MASSTEV)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Switzerland,France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999992.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999992.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The research goal of this proposal is the investigation of the most fundamental aspects of particle physics models and gravity at high energies, and establishing the connection between these findings and experiments. The main fundamental questions that will be addressed are: What is the origin of mass for the mediators of the weak interactions and its connection with the masses of quarks and leptons? Why this mass is hierarchically different from the Planck scale which makes gravity so weak compared to the other three known fundamental interactions described by the current Standard Model of particle physics? Why this enormous mass hierarchy is quantum mechanically stable? What is the theory that describes physical laws at TeV energies which will be explored in the near future by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN? These questions are at the very frontier of knowledge of theoretical particle physics and phenomenology and their intersection with gravity and string theory. All members of the proposed research team have made breakthrough contributions in putting forward and developing new ideas that dominated such a research during the past 10 years. Although there is a certain overlap in the interests, each member brings a different unique expertise to the research, which will strongly resonate with the other members activity. Obviously, this project is strongly correlated with LHC physics confronting theoretical predictions with observations and using experimental data for building new theories and correcting existing models. In such an intense dynamical process, participation of doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers will be absolutely crucial and their active involvement is an essential component of the project. The main funding required by the project from the EU is for hiring of 14 person-years of PhD students and 14 person-years of postdocs.

Keywords: beyond the standard model of strong,weak and electromagnetic interactions,supersymmetry,unification,string theory and phenomenology,quantum gravity,mass hierarchy,electroweak symmetry breaking