Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Promoting Active Ageing: Developing Age-Friendly Cities (AGE-FRIENDLY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Need for the research: Although the issues raised by the 'age-friendly city' movement are well-understood at the level of the World Health Organisation and European Union, awareness within relevant academic disciplines is still limited. This project will fill a major gap in the literature by providing a substantial research base for assisting the development of age-friendly cities. Host and researcher: The proposed fellowship is a collaboration between a world-class scientist working at the University of Manchester, UK (Prof. Chris Phillipson) and an ambitious post-doctoral researcher currently based in Belgium (Dr. Tine Buffel). The research fellow, Dr. Tine Buffel (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), is one of Belgium’s most accomplished young researchers in the field of ageing. The host, Prof. Chris Phillipson has been a key figure in the development of social gerontology, and is one of the world’s leading researchers with expertise in population ageing and urbanization. Interdisciplinary nature: A key objective of the fellowship includes the development of an interdisciplinary approach to studying age-friendly environments. An interdisciplinary project team and advisory board will be formed to support and develop the career progression of the fellow. Both will comprise leading international researchers working across a range of disciplines (including social geography, psychology, environmental gerontology, urban design, architecture, and epidemiology) relevant to developing age-friendly cities. Benefits to Europe: Promote healthy and active ageing in Europe; contribute to European excellence regarding research on population ageing; advance Europe’s competitiveness by involving older people in research and innovation; provide outreach activities which will be beneficial to the development of the European policy agenda on Active Ageing.

Keywords: soc -active ageing,older people,age-friendly cities,gerontology,urban development,urban communities,urban sociology,participatory methods,interdisciplinarity
Gut microbiota, choline metabolites and cardiometabolic diseases. (MIBIOANDCMD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Estonia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 248299.8
EU funding (EUR): 248299.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Common forms of cardiovascular diseases are exceptionally complex, where several genetic and lifestyle/environmental factors are involved. The discovery of different risk factors will be crucial for prevention of these high mortality diseases. Metabolomic studies have broaden our understanding of cardiovascular phenotypes and have created possibility to find new biomarkers for disease risk prediction. Recently a targeted metabolomic study indentified a novel mechanism through which gut-flora and hepatic-mediated metabolism of dietary choline contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease. This study demonstrated that higher plasma levels of choline and two of its metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and betaine, are associated with atherosclerosis in humans and mice. The current proposal aims to study the role of choline metabolites in cardiovascular and metabolic traits and to examine microbial role in this process. The possible role of choline-derived metabolites in perturbation of cardiometabolic phenotypes will be determined using well-characterized metabolic and cardiovascular-targeted samples. The second part of the project aims to study the role of gut flora in choline metabolic pathway. We will use different approaches in order to identify specific group(s) of intestinal bacteria responsible for the formation of TMA(O) from dietary choline. In summary, the results of the study will provide important insights into the mechanism by which novel metabolite-gut flora interplay contributes to the regulation of cardiovascular system.

Keywords: l407 cardiovascular diseases,l607 microbiology
Standard and non-standard hyperon beta decays (HYP BETA DEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 252742.2
EU funding (EUR): 252742.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We aim to provide the first comprehensive analysis of the physics reach of the hyperon beta decays using an effective field theory setup. The project includes assessing the experimental sensitivity required in different hyperon decay observables to perform critical tests of the s->u transitions of the Standard Model, and to identify prominent observables particularly sensitive to non-standard effects. Complementarity with equivalent analyses in kaon (semi)leptonic decays will be addressed. The main goal of the project is to use hyperon beta decay observables to constrain models beyond the standard model at the TeV energy scale or, eventually, to discover effects of new physics. Determination of the form factors using chiral perturbation theory, Large Nc methods, and using results from lattice quantum chromodynamics calculations will be necessary. The outgoing phase takes place in the University of California/San Diego with Prof Aneesh Manohar, who developed the chiral and Large Nc theories employed in this proposal. The return phase takes place in the Institut für Kernphysik of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, in collaboration with Prof M. Vanderhaeghen. The return host currently counts with a network of prestigious Research Groups, Centers and Infrastructures focused on the search of physics beyond the Standard Model. The proposal aims to trigger the interest at both the experimental and theoretical levels to undertake, in the medium- and long-term, a high-precision study of the hyperon beta decays, with the subsequent increase of the determination/discovery /constraining power of these modes.

Keywords: p102 particle physics,p103 nuclear physics
High-dimensional Multipartite Entanglement of Photonic Orbital Angular Momentum (OAMGHZ)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186783.6
EU funding (EUR): 186783.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Entanglement swapping describes a process by which two particles with no common past can be entangled with one another. Considered a key component of quantum repeater protocols, the method of entanglement swapping is also used for creating multipartite entangled states, such as Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. To date, experimental implementations of entanglement swapping and multipartite entanglement have focused on two-dimensional or qubit entanglement. This is primarily because such experiments are usually performed with polarization-entangled photons, which reside in a two-dimensional Hilbert space. On the other hand, photons entangled in orbital angular momentum (OAM) live in a discrete, infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. Here, I propose a method for creating high-dimensional GHZ states entangled in OAM. The use of a polarizing beam splitter is key for swapping bipartite polarization entanglement to create GHZ states entangled in polarization. With this in mind, the first goal of my proposal is to design the equivalent of a polarizing beam splitter for OAM, which separates and recombines photons based on their OAM. The second part of my proposal focuses on using this device for a high-dimensional multi-stage OAM-entanglement swapping experiment, and exploring its applications in quantum repeater protocols. In the third part, I propose two different methods of creating quadripartite OAM-GHZ states by swapping OAM and polarization-entanglement among four bipartite states. High-dimensional multipartite entangled states have the potential to enable vastly more efficient methods of quantum computing and greatly enhance the security of quantum cryptographic protocols. Additionally, such states are considered essential for fundamental tests of quantum theory. An overlying goal of this proposal will be to explore the applications of OAM-GHZ states for the enhancement of quantum technologies such as superdense coding and quantum secret sharing protocols.

Keywords: p108 optics and quantum optics,p115 general physics,entanglement,orbital angular momentum
All-Inorganic Quantum Dot Films for Photovoltaic Applications (IQDOTPV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Great progress has been achieved over the last 20 years in the colloidal synthesis of semiconductor, metallic, and magnetic nanocrystals (NCs). The state-of-the-art synthetic approaches allow obtaining inorganic nanostructures with high degree of crystallinity and precisely engineered compositions, sizes, and morphologies, while solubility in nonpolar solvents provides remarkable processability of colloidal nanomaterials. In the present time, research efforts are largely focused on the implementation of colloidal nanocrystals in a broad spectrum of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Highly promising is the use of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (also known as colloidal quantum dots, QDs) in solar cells with the theoretical potential to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit of 31-41% power efficiency for single bandgap solar cells. Recently, Sargent et.al. have shown that electronic properties of colloidal NC films currently limit performance of nanocrystal-based solar cells. Efficiency of the carriers’ transport through NCs in the NC solid strongly depends on NC environment. However, NCs prepared by traditional colloidal techniques are capped with long-chain hydrocarbon ligands (“organic capping”) introducing insulating layers around each NC. Significantly improved charge transport has been achieved by using shorter organic linking molecules or by partial removal of ligands by hydrazine treatment. Yet small and volatile organic molecules cause instabilities in solid state devices. Recently, an important breakthrough has been made through the use of small and chemically simple inorganic ligands such as discovery of metal-chalcogenide complexes and metal-free inorganic ligands. The goal of this project is to design inorganic surrounding for colloidal nanocrystals that will lead to semiconductor NC solids with predictable optoelectronic characteristics and eventually to novel absorber layers for all-inorganic, stable and efficient solar cells.
Generating metaphors using a combination of AI reasoning and corpus-based modeling of formulaic expressions (GEN-META)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-15
End date: 2015-07-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metaphor is a focus in many research fields, and is important in much mundane discourse: issues such as relationships, disease, states of mind, are often most economically and understandably conveyed, asked about, discussed, etc., through metaphor. Despite its importance, there is currently a lack of work on technological solutions to modeling metaphor, with modeling difficulties stemming from its richness and complexity. We propose to meet this gap by building a prototype natural language generation and understanding system, focusing on metaphors for the domains of illness and reconciliation (e.g. illness "attacks" the body, "breaking down barriers"). The resulting prototype will be capable of choosing: whether to use metaphor at all; particular metaphorical conceptions; and particular metaphorical wording. Our respective research backgrounds will enable a combination of existing approaches to modeling metaphor in AI, Cognitive Science and Formal Linguistics, which is unique within Europe. Specifically, for processing metaphor at a conceptual level we employ a current AI system, ATT-Meta, to extend Embodied Construction Grammar (ECG), a system for interfacing conceptual and linguistic levels, integrating ATT-Meta's unique capabilities for modeling metaphor into ECG. We then utilise the generation capabilities of an implemented system for modeling the linguistic level, Dynamic Syntax (DS), which uniquely models generation as fully incremental and context-dependent, using DS to model formulaic expressions of metaphorical language. By thus combining AI inference with formal linguistic and data-oriented techniques, the project will make a major contribution to metaphor and generation research within the European Research Area, yielding a system having the novel capacity of not only being able to model a range of typical metaphorical expressions, but also how these can be extended in context-dependent ways (e.g. illness "agressively attacks").

Keywords: lif,soc
Regulation of Pathogenic CD4 T Cell Responses in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (GUT TC PHENOTYPES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Immune response in the intestine are tightly regulated to ensure host protective immunity in the absence of immune pathology. A permanent disturbance of this delicate balance can lead to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The aetiology of IBD is unknown, but it is thought to involve a complex interplay among genetic, environmental, microbial and immune factors. Dysregulated effector CD4 T cell responses can be causative in IBD irrespective of the initiating events that promote them. There is compelling evidence that pathogenic CD4 T cells accumulate in the inflamed intestine and contribute to the chronicity of disease. Additionally at the onset of IBD, mucosal effector CD4 T cells acquire a pathogenic polyfunctional Th17/Th1 phenotype. However the signals and molecular events that induce and regulate the pathogenic switch in human T cells, remain unknown. Whether this phenotype can be modified in favour of a homeostatic Type 17 or regulatory T cell response also remains to be determined. Revealing the signals and mechanisms by which the differentiation programs of pathogenic CD4 T cells are induced, maintained and modulated, might open new avenues by which pathogenic and chronic CD4 T cell responses can be specifically targeted in IBD.

Keywords: cd4 t cell subsets,t helper type 1,t helper type 17,cytokines,memory t cells,cytokine memory,autoinflammatory diseases,inflammatory bowel disease
Signalling mechanisms of the class II isoforms of PI 3-kinase (PI3K-C2-SIG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

PI 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate intracellular lipid second messengers in signal transduction and membrane trafficking pathways. PI3Ks are implicated in cancer, inflammation and autoimmunity, and represent attractive drug targets. Mammalian PI3K isoforms are divided into class I, II and III PI3Ks. While the class I PI3Ks have been extensively studied and targeted in drug development, the other PI3Ks, especially the class II PI3Ks, remain poorly investigated. In this proposal, I aim to uncover the signalling mechanisms and functions of the class II PI3K isoforms, PI3K-C2alpha and PI3K-C2beta, by exploiting cells derived from unique gene-targeted mice generated in the Host Laboratory (unpublished) combined with my expertise in intracellular trafficking and imaging studies. Initial characterisation of these mice indicates that these PI3Ks could be drug targets in their own right in cancer and metabolism, observations that this project now seeks to understand at a molecular and cell level. By screening responses in cells in which class II PI3K isoforms are genetically inactivated in a ‘drug-like’ fashion, I will assess the coupling of these PI3Ks to distinct receptors and their functional impact, interrogate their downstream signalling pathways by phosphoproteomics and lipidomics, and perform a detailed assessment of their spatio-temporal activity upon activation of cell-surface receptors, in order to elucidate their sites of action and the precise subcellular events they regulate. Class II PI3K effector/complexes will be identified. It is poised to unravel new molecular mechanisms interlinking signalling and trafficking. I will bring expertise currently not available in the Host Laboratory and deliver a cross-disciplinary approach to uncover the mechanisms of action and functional roles of potential drug targets, to strengthen the Host, and to provide guidance for ongoing and future drug development and open up new avenues for exploitation.

Keywords: pi3ks,gene-targeted mice,signal transduction,cell biology and membrane trafficking
Exploring the roles and plasticity of T-cell responses in anti-BACterial immunity (T-BAC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169800.0
EU funding (EUR): 169800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Antibodies against bacterial polysaccharides and proteins play a role in anti-bacterial immunity. To date, S. aureus vaccine candidates were selected to induce functional antibody responses. However, a potential role for T-cell mediated immunity is emerging, supported by the fact that impaired Th17 responses in patients with hyper IgE syndrome are linked to abnormal susceptibility to S. aureus infections. Thus, the capacity to induce specific T cell responses may be an important criterion to select vaccine antigens. Understanding the nature of anti-bacterial T cells and their behavior in steady state or under inflammatory conditions (eg, immunization) is thus important for the design of novel vaccine strategies against bacterial pathogens. Among CD4 T cells, Th17 cells play a pivotal role in mucosal host protection. These cells are mainly characterized by the production of the cytokine IL 17A but display considerable phenotypic plasticity. For S. aureus-specific Th17 cells, published data suggest a link between Th17 plasticity and the innate cytokine IL-1b, highlighting the need to better understand the functional role of the different Th17 subsets. Using S. aureus as a model, and hypothesizing that the functional profiles of CD4 T cells (Th1, Th17) may be linked to selected bacterial proteins, we first aim to identify specific S. aureus antigens with defined Th profiles in humans. Second, using in vitro stimulation methods, we aim to phenotypically characterize S. aureus-specific CD4 T cell responses induced by these proteins. Phenotypic plasticity and behavior will be studied under inflammatory (IL-1b, IL-6 or IL-23) cell culture conditions. Third, we aim to evaluate the impact of vaccination on the frequency, phenotype and plasticity of specific memory CD4 T cells, using samples from an S. aureus vaccine trial. This allows studying the phenotypes of antigen-specific CD4 T cells after in vivo exposure (vaccination) to antigens.

Keywords: l602 adaptive immunity,l305 cell differentiation - physiology and dynamics,l609 bacteriology,l611 prevention and treatment of infection by pathogens,l605 immunological memory and tolerance