Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Developing a rapid diagnostic kit for antibiotic resistance (ResisTEST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2020-11-30
Duration (months): 23.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide epidemic, causing more than for 700.000 deaths per year globally, expected to rise to 10 million deaths annually, by 2050. AMR is associated with an increase in morbidity, longer hospitalization time and a marked increase in the associated medical costs. While several attempts are being enforced to reduce the misuse and abuse of antibiotics, we are in dire needs of methods to rationalize the use of antibiotics. Currently, bacterial cultures are the staple diagnostic method of AMR. However, this method presents important drawbacks, such as a long turnaround time, which can be up to two weeks for some bacterial strains, low sensitivity, and the requirement to have, at least to a certain degree, prior information on the putative causative bacteria. All in all, these factors lead to the administration of wide-spectrum antibiotics in the meantime, leading to inefficient treatments, antibiotic changes and AMR occurrences. Hence, it is critical developing novel diagnostic methods offering a faster, high-sensitive alternative to bacterial cultures, the staple in AMR diagnostics. While several systems, such as DNA sequencing, are currently being developed, they require costly equipment and specialized training, limiting its use. In this regard, in ResisTEST we take advantage of our expertise in molecular biology and the knowledge and technology developed in an ERC StG to propose a fast, high-sensitive AMR detection approach that, once further developed into a diagnostic kit, will allow the isolation and real-time monitoring of the expression of different resistance gene without the need of prior knowledge on the pathogen. Therefore, this disruptive approach could represent a significant breakthrough in the fight against AMR, allowing to define, with unprecedented precision, the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of infections where AMR is suspected.

Keywords: ribosome,immunoprecipitation,transcriptome,antibiotic resistance
Epidemic intelligence to minimize 2019-nCoV’s public health, economic and social impact in Europe (EpiPose)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Switzerland,Belgium,Belgium,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Advancing knowledge for the clinical and public health response to the 2019-nCoV epidemic (H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-03-13
End date: 2023-04-12
Duration (months): 37.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4548391.25
EU funding (EUR): 4548391.25
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

EpiPose aims to provide urgently needed answers about the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV, the social dynamics of the outbreak, and the related public health preparedness and response to the ongoing epidemic, as well as to assess its economic impact. The consortium consists of 6 partners in 5 countries (BE, NL, UK, CH, IT) who provide complementary expertise in mathematical and statistical modelling of infectious diseases, participatory surveillance systems, living systematic reviews, and health economic analysis and have a strong international public health network. EpiPose aims at a quick delivery of results, according to the following objectives: (1) To collect and share epidemiological data of 2019-nCoV as widely as possible (2) To provide country-specific estimates of key epidemiological parameters (3) To model the expect impact of 2019-nCoV on morbidity and mortality (4) To monitor awareness and behavioural change during the 2019-nCoV epidemic (5) To provide health economic analyses for interventions within the EU (6) To foster the interaction between the scientific community, public health agencies and the public EpiPose aims to make all research data, code, tools and results publicly available and its dissemination plan targets active communication and interaction with policy makers, other scientific groups and the general public. As such, the epidemic intelligence provided by EpiPose will help minimize the 2019-nCoV’s public health, economic and social impact.

Keywords: 2019 ncov,coronavirus,mathematical modelling,statistical modelling,behavioural change,public awareness,health economics,public health,now casting,forecasting
INNOVATIVE AUTONOMOUS ELECTRICAL BIOSENSOR SYNERGISTICALLY ASSEMBLED INSIDE A PASSIVE DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL FOR SCREENING CANCER BIOMARKERS (Symbiotic)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Finland,Denmark,United Kingdom,Portugal,Portugal
Call: FET-Open research projects (H2020-FETOPEN-2014-2015-RIA, 2014)
Start date: 2015-06-01
End date: 2018-11-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3346660.0
EU funding (EUR): 3346660.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

Biosensors possess recognition elements that bind to target molecules which lead to detectable signals; they are made of two basic components: (i) a bioreceptor or biorecognition element; and (ii) a transducer element. The bioreceptor system interacts with the target analyte and this interaction is monitored by the transducer, which converts the information into a measurable effect such as an electrical, optical or mass-sensitive signal. This project proposes the development of an autonomous electrochemical biosensor that is lightweight, disposable and low cost by using an outstanding innovative approach: hosting synergistically the bioreceptor element inside a passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Such approach will provide an electrically independent, very simple, miniaturized, autonomous electrical biosensor. The electrical dependency is eliminated by coupling the biosensor to an electrochemical transducer that is capable of autonomous energy production, the fuel cell. This work proposes a merge between electrical biosensors and fuel cells, combining the advantages of both areas of research in a single synergetic device. In this envisaged innovative device, the electrical signal obtained from the DMFC is directly related to the concentration of the cancer biomarker in the sample analyzed. The proposed electrochemical biosensor will be completely autonomous operating at room temperature and using the oxygen present in the air, thereby allowing diagnosis everywhere.

Keywords: autonomous biosensors,fuel cells,electrically independent transducer,biomimetic plastic antibody,cancer biosensor,polymer elecrolyte membrane fuel cells
Designing, Optimising and Validating the Beam Measurement Programme at the New Intense Muon Beam Line for the COMET Muon-to-Electron Search Experiment (COMETBMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-03-31
End date: 2024-03-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

COMET (Coherent Muon-to-Electron Transition) is an experiment with major European involvement which will search for mu-e conversion, improving the sensitivity by 10,000 times compared to previous searches. In the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SM), muons simply cannot spontaneously turn into electrons, but tiny deviations of reality from the SM can cause this, perhaps at the level of a few muons in 1,000,000,000,000,000,000. Any observation would be a seminal discovery that redefines our understanding of the Universe, and complements other searches for breakthroughs in particle physics, such as at high-energy colliders. The quality of the novel intense muon beam is key to the ultimate sensitivity of COMET, and therefore the Beam Measurement Programme (BMP) once the beam is completed in 2022 will be a defining factor. I have been deeply involved in the design and construction of the detectors for COMET since 2012, as an MSc student. The ideas for the BMP grew from this work, but currently only a conceptual plan for it exists. In this research, I will develop the BMP beam and detector configurations, using modern methods to optimise the configurations to be used and analyse the data. The optimisation of the design of the Beam Blocker, a BMP component which actively moderates the beam to allow high-intensity measurements, is particularly crucial. Imperial College HEP has world-class expertise in areas such as Machine Learning and Bayesian Optimisation, and is the ideal group to train and work with. Computational methods alone will not suffice for full BMP optimisation, so I will conduct a beam experiment at PSI in Switzerland, to test prototypes and validate and provide input to the calculations. London is also the perfect place to practise physics outreach in English. This research will produce a clear and optimised BMP plan for COMET, allowing it to maximise its discovery potential, and the novel methods employed will contribute to the scientific community.

Keywords: high energy physics,muon beam,machine learning,deep neural network,bayesian optimisation,geometry optimisation
Participation, Privacy and Power in the Sharing Economy (Ps2Share)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Germany,Switzerland,Norway,Netherlands,Denmark
Call: Enabling responsible ICT-related research and innovation (H2020-ICT-2016-1, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 532875.0
EU funding (EUR): 429000.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, we propose an in-depth empirical investigation of privacy in the sharing economy. We will investigate three challenges in particular: privacy, participation/exclusion and power. First, sharing services come with compounded privacy risks extending beyond the informational into the physical realm. In addition, online sharing services entail both institutional and social privacy threats. Second, sharing services might exclude certain population segments and increase social inequality by systematically disadvantaging and discriminating against underprivileged groups (those living in remote areas, unemployed, impoverished disabled, disconnected, elderly) and favoring privileged individuals. Third and finally, sharing services may disempower users by detaching them from their possessions, by relying on opaque algorithms and creating new forms of distinction such as aruch as arbitrary rating systems, where manipulation is easy and possibilities to challenge the ratings are limited. We research the topic from a multi-disciplinary social science perspective and include a variety of methodological approaches as well as research contexts with our collaboration partners. To quantify these findings, we follow up with quantitative surveys that give us solid evidence on how power, privacy and participation are at play with sharing. By aggregating our findings in design principles for sharing platforms we intend to bring the design of sharing platforms to a new level of maturity by support the user centered, responsible and “fair” design of sharing platforms.

Keywords: sharing economy,privacy,collaborative consumption,digital divide,online participation,digital labor,access based consumption,crowdsourcing
Biometric Identification Security System (BISS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Increased security, reduced risk of fraud and added comfort are some of the key benefits of biometric recognition. Users no longer need to worry about numerical codes being stolen through spying, passwords being hacked or keys, codes and cards being exchanged without authorisation. Having to carry identification media with you at all times and protect it against theft has become a thing of the past. Simple log-in via user verification, 1:1 comparison for laptops and mobile phones, and identity checks at border c ontrol are well-known identification methods in use all over the world. However, our project focuses on a significantly more complex method of identification. All authorised persons have to be clearly and securely identified as quickly as possible from a group of several thousand possible candidates (1:10.000) without any further information. The identification process then has to trigger a chain of actions, which is particularly important for those people with so-called "problematic fingers" (small, torn). Precise biometric recognition is often hindered by factors such as faint lines, scar tissue, abrasion, sweat or dirt on the finger, and inconsistencies in the recording process. The objective is therefore to launch a universal biometric identification system for companies, associations and organisations with a large number of employees or sites. Such a system must enable an employee's biometric fingerprint to be clearly identified from all other employees' data. At the same time, it must also prevent unauthorised persons from attempting to match biometric data, no matter what form such an attempt should take or how often it is carried out. In a bid to increase acceptance and adoption rates, the solution not only has to meet all security requirements, it also has to be easy to use so that all employees are identified quickly and correctly on the first attempt. These requirements must be met for all employees regardless of their age, gender or ethnicity.

Keywords: biometry fingerprint security
Mobile Age (Mobile-Age)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Europe in a changing world - inclusive, innovative and reflective societies
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Spain,Germany,Belgium,Greece,Norway,United Kingdom
Call: ICT-enabled open government (H2020-INSO-2015-CNECT, 2015)
Start date: 2016-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3009305.09
EU funding (EUR): 2923993.75
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The Mobile Age project will focus on open government data, mobile technology, and the provision of public services in relation to Europe’s elderly population. Europe’s senior citizens are growing steadily and are predicted to comprise of 28% of Europe’s population by 2020. However, senior citizens do not normally share the same level of connectivity to the Internet as younger generations, and while government agencies are increasingly providing their services through digital platforms, this risks excluding senior citizens from the design and use of such services. Mobile Age will provide the basis for the development of mobile-based open government services focused on senior citizens. We follow a co-creation methodological approach that will allow for a substantive participation of senior citizens. MobileAge will focus on the co-creation of services related to the production and use of open data for cities. This will be achieved by pursuing four objectives: i) exploring and implementing innovative ways to support senior citizens to access and use public services through personal mobile technologies that are based on open government data, ii) develop and deploy co-creation approaches and methodologies to engage senior citizens effectively; iii) develop a situated, practice-based understanding of accessibility, mobility and usability of services from a senior-citizen point of view; and iv) develop a framework for impact assessment and evaluation for co-creation approaches to open service development for the ageing population. Mobile Age’s approach will be applied in cities and counties that are already providing innovative approaches for the participation of senior people in the development of city services: Bremen, South Lakeland, Zaragoza and the Region of Central Macedonia, with scenarios related to social inclusion, extending independent living, data curation for a safer and more accessible city, and the management of personal health information.

Keywords: open government data,transparency,participatory design,user analytics,civic technology,ageing society,social study of technology,digital divide
Non-Hermitian Quantum Wave Engineering (NHQWAVE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Austria,Israel,Greece,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 648000.0
EU funding (EUR): 648000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The concept of parity-time (PT)-symmetry is extensively studied now owing to the ubiquitous applications within the fields of optics, photonics, and plasmonics. Among the many recent developments in PT-systems, the application of pseudo-Hermitian ideas not only promises a new generation of photonic and plasmonic components such as lasers, spasers, modulators, waveguides, and detectors, but also opens new avenues for innovative electronics architectures for signal manipulation from integrated circuits to antenna arrays, and allows for direct contact with cutting edge technological problems appearing in (nano)-antenna theory, split-ring resonator arrays, and metamaterials. More recently, potential applications have also been proposed in connection with magnetic and acoustic structures. The research activity we propose to carry out is focused on the theoretical and experimental study of the relation between the phase transitions in condensed matter physics and in photonics. The analogies between these two different fields will be crucial for the generation of novel optical devices that operate around exceptional points (EP). To address these problems, our project NHQWAVE (Non-Hermitian Quantum WAVe Engineering) will build up a team of researchers with a broad set of skills and abilities specializing in the theoretical and experimental investigation of pseudo-Hermitian systems enabling them to explore and develop new concepts and technologies. The project will be carried out by several groups in four countries with a broad range of expertise in quantum physics and optics. The proposed research activities focus on the following five topics of current interest: Symmetry breaking and exceptional points in complex lasers, superconducting quantum metamaterials, asymmetric wave and topological phenomena in non-hermitian lattices, computational methods for non-hermitian optics, as well as nonlinearity and non-hermiticity in complex photonic media.

Keywords: quantum phase transitions,solid state,photonics,plasmonics,pt systems
GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BASIS OF NATURAL TRANSPOSITION AND ITS POTENTIAL TO CREATE ADAPTIVE VARIATION (GENTE_Pop)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Panel description: Genetics, epigenetics, genomics and other ‘omics studies, bioinformatics, systems biology, genetic diseases, gene editing, innovative methods and modelling, ‘omics for personalised medicine
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2025-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499627.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499627.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Transposable elements (TEs) are powerful engines of genome evolution, as illustrated by their implication in the rewiring of regulatory networks and the creation of new cellular functions. Short-term consequences of TE mobilization can also be particularly dramatic given that TE insertions are a unique source of large effect mutations. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the contribution of ongoing transposition to within-species variation. This situation stems in large part from the repetitive nature of TEs, which complicates their analysis. Moreover, TE mobilization is typically rare and therefore new TE insertions tend to be missed in small-scale population studies. Hence, a major challenge in genomics is to determine the conditions leading to transposition in nature and the range of effects it generates. While most TE insertions are likely to be deleterious or neutral, it is widely proposed that because TE activity can be sensitive to the environment, transposition may in fact act as a major adaptive response of the genome to environmental changes. Here, using large experimental and wild populations of the plant A. thaliana, I propose to leverage innovative genomic, molecular genetics and eco-evolutionary approaches to determine the Genetic x Environmental (GxE) map of heritable transposition and its contribution to the creation of adaptive variation. Aim 1 is to identify the genetic and environmental factors that underpin TE mobilization by quantifying newly generated heritable insertions in thousands of genetically diverse individuals subjected to a range of environmental stressors. Aim 2 is to determine the fitness effects of these heritable TE insertions using multigenerational competition experiments and highly complex environments. This project will greatly increase our understanding of the nature of the genetic variation TEs contribute to and our ability to predict the impact of ongoing transposition, notably in the context of climate change.

Keywords: transposable elements,de novo mutations,epigenetics