Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Transport Phenomena at the Nanoscale (TPN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mass transport through nanoscale pores (i.e. pores in the nanometre size range) has been studied for many years in disciplines as diverse as membrane science, soil permeability and cell physiology. However, in all these fields, though, the emphasis has always been placed on the macroscopic outcome, while the effects on fluid behaviour of intermolecular forces or physical and chemical interactions between the liquid and the solid surface have often been neglected. The primary objective of the proposed research is to understand quantitatively the behaviour of liquids flowing in nanoscale pores. In particular, a focus will be placed on the nature of interactions between liquids and the pore structures. This can be achieved by systematically studying the effect of pore size, shape, surface chemistry and structure on fundamental nanoscale transport phenomena including wall slip, liquid velocity, surface tension and contact angle of liquids. In order to achieve this objective, I propose the development of an innovative fluidic chip that combines nanochannel manufacturing with traditional microfabrication techniques. This capitalizes on my previous experience in the field of nanoporous alumina synthesis and liquid flow through carbon nanotubes. A detailed description of the nanofluidic chip design is provided in the proposal along with details about the fundamental fluid physics phenomena that will be investigated Although the proposed research focuses on the fundamental understanding of liquid behaviour at the nanoscale, the development of the proposed nanofluidic device will have applications beyond the scope and duration of the work proposed here: Understanding the interactions occurring between liquids and the pore walls they flow through represents a key to optimizing the performance of many systems such as water filtration and desalination processes, separation of liquids, and energy storage systems such as supercapacitors.

Keywords: technological sciences,materials engineering,nanodevices
Development of a Spatio-Temporal-Energetic Radiation Research Platform for Animals (STERRPA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In modern radiotherapy complex radiation fields are applied on cancer patients to eradicate cancer cells, while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue. In stark contrast, irradiation systems for small animals bear almost no resemblance to this paradigm. Usually these systems only administer large radiation fields which can not be modulated in their spatio-temporal aspect. Consequently, many animal radiation experiments have little relevance for human radiotherapy. To allow studies of radiation effects on tumors and healthy tissues in small animals and the synergistic effects of radiation and other treatment modalities (chemotherapy, gene therapy) it engineering of the next generation of animal irradiation devices is needed now. In this proposal we describe the development of a versatile small animal irradiation device capable of delivering precise radiation fields with modulation of the spatio-temporal-energetic aspects. A dynamic applicator for a kilovolt x-ray device will mimic the delivery of modern human radiotherapy. In addition, energy modulation of the radiation beams will allow studies with dose enhancing agents such as gold particles. A treatment planning system will be devised, based on Monte Carlo simulations, which will take tissue heterogeneities into account. A conversion of small animal tomographic images into accurate geometries needed for the Monte Carlo dose calculations will be developed. An on-board cone-beam tomographic imager will be implemented to enable the acquisition of 3D images during radiation treatment, again mimicking the state of the art in human radiotherapy. The image-guided small animal radiation system, with unprecedented accuracy and versatility in its spatio-temporal-energetic radiation patterns, combined with integrated real-time imaging capabilities, will facilitate uncovering a wealth of data relevant for radiation oncology and radiobiology.

Keywords: physical sciences,biophysics,medical physics
Integrated Nonseismic Geophysical Studies to Assess the Site Effect of the EUROSEISTEST Area in Northern Greece (IGSEA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

IGSEA addresses primarily topics out of the main scientific area ENV such as Geophysics, Tectonics, and Seismology in combination with Earthquake Engineering, Engineering Seismology and building-soil & soil-water processes through the interaction between geophysicists and civil engineers. This project aims to assess site effects in the surrounding area of the EUROSEISTEST site by means of low-cost integrated nonseismic geophysical methods that are capable of detecting vertical geotectonic boundaries and fault zones with high accuracy and are able to confine and improve one of the first 3D resistivity inversion models of the area. The project will benefit from the use of state of the art devices and techniques which allow for a comprehensive view inside the inner structure of the basin. Through the implementation of hydrogeophysical and hydrogeological aspects we believe to significantly support the waveguide propagation modelling process of researcher and civil engineers in Greece and Europe who are working on strong motion data.

Keywords: site effects assessment,engineering seismology,waveguide propagation,em methods,geotectonic fault,basement fracturation,tem,rmt,self potential tomography,natural sciences
ROBUST NUMERICAL UPSCALING OF MULTIPHYSICS PHENOMENA IN DEFORMABLE POROUS MEDIA (ITERUPSCALE-FSI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Bulgaria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-20
End date: 2012-10-18
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of this research is to develop, analyze, and implement robust numerical upscaling algorithms for emerging multiphysics problems of flows in deformable porous media. The physical problem under consideration at the fine scale is the strongly coupled, nonlinear Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) problem subject to large pore-level deformations and/or a nonlinear hysteretic solid. Moreover, microstructures with a continuum distribution of poorly separated length scales will be considered. Novel iterative upscaling algorithms will be used to develop coarse scale models for such media. The research will result in a Multiscale Finite Element Method, which bypasses the explicit homogenization step by building fine-scale information directly into a coarse-scale computational grid. The approach allows accurate numerical simulations at several tightly coupled scales, with the fine scale physics being properly incorporated at the coarser scales. A highly efficient and scalable parallel implementation will be pursued that will allow numerical simulations of realistic problems. The proposed algorithms will be used for pilot numerical simulations of cutting edge problems in multiscale hydro-mechanical modeling of bone tissue and in automotive filter design. Moreover, design of novel temperature and pressure-controlled flow regulators with applications to filters, catalytic converters, and separators can only become possible with such advanced tools for multiscale simulations. The work will also have long term impact in development of upscaling methods for modeling and simulations of emerging multiphysics problems such as carbon sequestration, waste water management or unconventional oil recovery. It also fulfills the aim of reintegrating the researcher. It covers priority areas for the host and both sides have complementing experience. The host also has experience in EU level research and the work will lead to collaborations with US groups working in the area.

Keywords: homogenization,numerical upscaling,mechanics,fluid dynamics,multiphysical phenomena,parallel algorithms,numerical analysis,applied mathematics,computational mathematics,material science
The Effect of On-Line Product Search on the Market Structure of Consumer Durables (SEARCHSTRUC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to study the working of markets when consumers do not want to search all available choice options and when sellers recommend products based on what "similar consumers" have bought in the past. We argue that the current practice of on-line selling offers significant potential for selection mechanisms or limitations of what the consumer is aware of, prior to purchase. To study this issue, we propose and estimate a demand model that includes a formal model of consumer information search. This model accounts for limited product search and information effects on choice. Our proposed demand model can be estimated from a combination of browsing histories and ordinal demand data. Because these data are available for a wide cross-section of durable goods, the method we develop will likely have broader application than the strict confines of the current empirical context. The goal of developing this demand model is (i) to measure the severity of selectivity in self-motivated or seller-directed information search and (ii) to subsequently evaluate the consequences of selection for consumer welfare, and for market structure (e.g., concentration and firm competition). For instance, most product recommendation systems used in on-line selling create a feedback, between past sales and current sales, because popular products get recommended more often than unpopular ones. This polarizes product popularity beyond what it already was. Clearly such effects hold relevance when evaluating competition and entry, because in a feedback market where the big get bigger and the small get smaller, firms potentially offering new and innovative products find it difficult to enter. In sum, our study consists of (i) the development of demand models under imperfect product search, and (ii) the evaluation of the effects on consumer welfare and market structure of selective product search. We expect these aspects to be relevant in the study of (pan)-European markets.

Keywords: marketing,microeconomics,management of enterprises,quantative methods
The Impact of Integration Policies on Immigrant Outcomes: Cross-country Evidence from EU (INTEGRATION-POLICY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research will study the impact of different integration policies in European context. The labor market outcomes of the first generation immigrants, the educational outcomes of the second generation and intergenerational mobility will be explored. The cross country variation in labor market outcomes of first generation immigrants is determined by two factors: (1) selection of immigrants that determines the set of observed and unobserved characteristics that immigrants bring to a host country, (2) integration that determines how a given set of characteristics are valued in the host country. This study is going to identify the impact of integration independent of selection effects using a natural experiment. This natural experiment is the mass recruitment of Turkish workers by European countries during 1960s and 1970s that dispersed individuals with similar characteristics across various countries. The second part of the project will provide evidence on the educational outcomes of second generation immigrants from the same source country. Using an internationally comparable data set of 15-year-old students the study will focus on the immigrant students’ performance in mathematics, reading, science and problem-solving skills and provide evidence on the cross country variation in their outcomes. Using the data on educational attainment of parents intergenerational linkages will be explored to assess the extent of upward mobility in these countries. Thus, this study will be exploring integration with a multi generational perspective and highlighting differences in outcomes across host countries for individuals with similar backgrounds. These results will inform the discussions about the best practices for integration both at EU and national levels.

Keywords: social sciences,immigration,selection,integration,integration policies,first generation immigrants,second generation immigrants,intergenerational mobility
Dynamic of neuronal network interactions in the basal ganglia (BASALGANGLIADYNAMIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-12-29
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is to investigate the dynamic of network interactions in the basal ganglia, a network of subcortical nuclei whose dysfunction in human is associated with Parkinson disease, obsessive-compulsive disorders and addiction. So far, based essentially on anatomical data, the type of computation performed by the basal ganglia has been understood according to two opposite models: (1) a network of independent parallel channels of information processing or a network of interacting and convergent channels. The goal of this project is to test the hypotheses of (in)dependence between channels inside a single basal ganglia nucleus (Aim 1) and to examine the process of information transfer between two connected nuclei (Aim 2). To reach these objectives, large-scale neuronal recording techniques will be used in rats performing an original operant behavioral protocol that include two well specified motor tasks. To achieve Aim 1, micro-machined silicon-based electrodes recordings will be performed along the dorsolateral-ventromedial axis of the striatum when animals perform the operant task. To achieve Aim 2, silicon probe recordings will be performed simultaneously in the striatum and the lateral globus pallidus. Synchrony across and temporal coordination within the activity of distinct sites (local field potential activity and ensembles of single-units) will be used to index interaction and network communication. The recording techniques and analytical tools proposed here are similar to those used during the post-doctoral work of the Principal Investigator and preliminary results have already been obtained. The results obtained will clarify which of the 2 models (parallel vs. interactive channels) is correct and provide new insight on the nature of information flow in the basal ganglia. Such insights will provide new strategy to treat such widespread pathologies as addiction or obsessive-compulsive disorders.

Keywords: neurophysiology,neuronal network,basal ganglia,large-scale recording method,unit activity,lfp,oscillations,synchrony,operant behavior,rats,addiction,obsessive-compulsive disease
Photoelectron Imaging and Spectroscopy of biomolecules using VUV light (IMAGINGELECTRONS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2011-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The principal aim of this project is to develop a versatile photoelectron imaging (PEI) apparatus capable of measuring both the kinetic energy and angular distribution of photoelectrons emitted from a variety of gaseous molecular and atomic targets in a single experiment. Photoelectron spectroscopy and the angular distributions of emitted electrons are highly sensitive to the electronic structure and symmetry of molecules. To aid the interpretation of the resulting photoelectron spectrum the researcher intends to apply the training obtained in the previous Marie Curie Fellowship on computational methods as well as nurture collaborations with established theoreticians. The novel aspect of this project is the combination of this versatile detector with a range of light sources from a noble gas resonance lamp, synchrotron radiation and a combination of laser + synchrotron radiation. This range of sources will permit a number of targets to be investigated. The first of these targets will be a series of halogenated pyrimidines and purines. This class of molecules (which form model systems for radiosensitisers) is being investigated by a number of other methods from Auger spectroscopy to electron impact spectroscopy within the host institute. The researcher will interact closely with these other aspects to allow a wide ranging investigation of these molecules. In general, the use of the highly sensitive PEI technique in combination with intense third generation synchrotron sources will be sufficiently sensitive for less volatile molecules which may be impossible to investigate using other techniques.

Keywords: physical sciences,photoelectron imaging,synchrotron radiation,biomolecules
Reliability of the interfaces on composite materials (RICM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Romania
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2011-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 30000.0
EU funding (EUR): 30000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The design and structural reliability of advanced materials, like composites or functionally graded, require a better understanding of how the fracture process initiates and progresses to final failure. There is a demand for these materials to support both static and dynamic loads without the risk of brittle fracture. The performance of advanced materials is directly linked to the reliability of interfaces. Starting from these aspects the main objectives of the research are: - a better understanding of the failure mechanisms in composite materials with the focus on the interface reliability. - to completely describe the asymptotic stress field around interface cracks and bonded –joints interfaces as an initial stage of crack initiation, and to study the effect of the interface on the fracture parameters. To introduce new parameters for better characterizing of fracture of interfaces. - investigating the influence of the material properties (considering elastic and elasto-plastic materials) on the crack path for the interface cracks and cracks approaching an interface. The novelty of the work will consist in using the Runge – Kutta method in combination with the shooting method for solving stress and displacement asymptotic fields with boundary conditions problem at both interval ends. Based on the linear elastic and elasto-plastic numerical investigations new parameters are expected to be obtained like split singularities for inclined cracks reaching a bi-material interface, mode mixity parameter and interface load phase-angle. Some simple but original design formulas will be developed based on analytical and numerical investigations for the stress singularity at bonded joints and/or interface cracks. Experimental techniques like digital image correlation and photoelastic stress analysis will be applied for identification of the crack path propagation and to validate the numerical simulations.

Keywords: bi-material interface,crack,bonded-joints,composite materials
European Universities in the area of Knowledge. Collaboration and networks in teaching and research (EUKNOW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall fellowship objectives are twofold: • First to consolidate the outcomes of the EIF research project through: - the organisation of workshops in which results will be disseminated and future collaboration possibilities will be discussed. Organised at the University of Sheffield, where the fellow has been offered a permanent appointment as lecturer in Higher Education and Lifelong Learning, these workshops will involve a number of participants in the EIF EUROTAC project, researchers in the field, representatives from policy bodies operating in the higher education (HE) policy sector and colleagues from the EIF host institution (i.e. University of Oxford). It is hoped that the workshop will be instrumental in providing fieldwork sites for the two projects to initiate during the three-year fellowship; • Second to build on the EUROTAC project which mainly focused on the topic of Joint Masters programmes as a collaborative response to the Bologna Process and other convergence agendas in Europe by: a- using part of the ERG grant as seed-corn funding to initiate a research project on interdisciplinary collaboration, with a particular focus on international capacity building initiatives in interdisciplinary fields involving the social sciences; b- exploring the feasibility of a comparative and longitudinal project on inter-institutional academic and research collaboration in Europe and prepare research proposals for substantial funding (i.e. ERC Starting Independent Researcher Grants).

Keywords: education,social sciences,comparative higher education,education policy,multi case-study research design,academic collaboration,multi-institutional collaboration,interdisciplinarity,networks.