Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Proxies from cave deposits: testing their sensitivity using the current period of global change (PROCAVET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169390.93
EU funding (EUR): 169390.93
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Speleothems are one of the better archives in the geological record to study low frequency paleoclimate changes at a high time resolution. Chronologies are well established via U-series radiometric dating or annual lamina counting. The information in speleothem records is provided by proxies, mainly geochemical, morphological and petrological properties of the sample analysed along its growth axis. However, proxy interpretation in terms of climate is complicated and needs calibration with monitoring studies, with pioneer studies that monitored cave climate and associated speleothems first done for the last two decades. However, both the cave environment and speleothems properties are expected to have changed since these early works due to the recent period of global climate change. So, the aim of this project is to evaluate if the present global warming and its associated climate effects are being recorded in cave environments and speleothems. Several caves from Europe where previous studies on cave environmental conditions and laminated speleothems have been undertaken are going to be revisited to analyse the changes in cave conditions since the earlier work. Laminated speleothems will be recovered from the same locations where previous samples were taken to study changes in the proxy record in the last decade(s). Speleothem climate proxies will be compared to changes in cave environmental conditions, and both the speleothem proxy data and cave climate conditions will be compared with known climate change as recorded in instrumental data from the nearest meteorological stations. The study will take special care in determining the response time of cave environments to changes in surface climate, and how fast these are transmitted to the speleothems. The noise contained within the climate signal in speleothem proxies will be evaluated, and precise transfer functions calculated with the aim to precisely calibrate speleothem proxies with climate parameters.

Keywords: speleothems,transfer function,proxies,paleoclimate,global warming,monitoring
Establishing the meiotic recombination-initiation epigenetic code in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (EMRES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171600.91
EU funding (EUR): 171600.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) catalysed by the evolutionary conserved Spo11 protein and associated factors. In the yeast S. cerevisiae, the DSB sites are non-randomly distributed along the chromosomes: certain genomic regions have higher propensity to form DSBs than others, explaining the expansion and contraction of the genetic versus physical maps. The cis- and trans-acting factors that select the DSB sites in the chromatin architecture and make a particular region 'hot' or ‘cold’ are not elucidated. The aim of this project is to decipher the role of histone modifications and other types of chromatin structural elements that orchestrate the recruitment and/or the cleavage activity of the DSB-forming machinery along the chromosomes. In wild type and a panel of mutant strains defective in histone modifying and remodeling activities, we will assess the spatial and temporal dynamics of the histone modification landscape upon DSB formation on the genome-wide scale using the ChIP-Chip, ChIP-Seq, Re-ChIP and FAIRE techniques. The chromatin-state of hot and cold regions will be mapped both at natural and ectopic hot/cold spots using the Gal4BD-Spo11 protein that is suitable for the targeted stimulation of recombination at naturally cold but permissive (warmable) regions but not at other cold (refractory) regions located near centromeres and telomeres. Successful completion of these studies will (1) include the construction of complete, genome-wide maps of meiotic chromatin-state in wild type and mutant yeast strains, and (2) improve our knowledge on how Spo11-dependent DSB formation is differentially controlled in relation to the chromatin context and coupled to homologous recombination, and differ from other sources of DNA lesions (in particular replication fork collapse) also leading to genomic rearrangements by homologous recombination.

Keywords: histone code,meiosis,dna break,gal4bd-spo11,chip-chip,chip-seq,re-chip,faire
Top Quark Physics at the LHC (TOP@LHC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2010-04-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 112884.95
EU funding (EUR): 112884.95
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN will dominate particle physics research for the next few years. It is the first collider at which production of the heavy top quark will occur with a very high frequency. This proposal concerns the development of theoretical and computational tools to predict and analyse top quark production, together with detailed phenomenological studies of heavy quark processes in collaboration with the LHC experimental community.

Keywords: quantum field theory,computational physics
Coronal Seismology and Magnetoseismology (CSAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-16
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 38.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223505.49
EU funding (EUR): 223505.49
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to further our understanding of magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) waves in the solar corona and the upper layers of the solar interior and specifically addresses the coupling between the waves at the solar surface and in the corona. Within the local helioseismology community it is becoming widely accepted that magnetic fields should be taken into account when inverting the seismological data to infer local properties of the solar plasma. While the local helioseismic techniques have reached a fairly advanced stage they are predominantly based on purely hydrodynamical models. In the coming years, the inclusion of magnetic effects in the local helioseismic techniques is likely to become an important issue. Meanwhile, the emerging field of coronal seismology uses, compared to local helioseismology, simple models and methods often based on the analysis of a single eigenmode of the structure. As current and future space missions boost the data available for coronal seismology, the development of more advanced tools suitable for coronal seismology is a necessity. However, the construction of techniques for coronal seismology analogous to those used in local helioseismology is not straightforward, as it inevitably involves the inclusion of magnetic fields and is complicated by the inherent 3D structure of the coronal magnetic fields and line of sight integration effects. The research regarding the inclusion of magnetic fields in local helioseismological techniques, offers a unique opportunity to investigate to what extent counterparts of helioseismological tools could be developed for use in magnetized coronal conditions. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that oscillations observed in the solar corona are intimately connected with the waves observed on the solar surface. This supports the need for a unified understanding of MHD waves at the solar surface and in the corona which will be of interest to both communities.

Keywords: astrophysics,plasma physics,magnetohydrodynamics,seismology
The role of p110alpha isoform of PI 3-kinase in oncogenesis and cellular senescence (PI3K/ONCOGENESIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2010-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169390.93
EU funding (EUR): 169390.93
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mammals have 8 distinct isoforms of PI3K. One of the key PI3K isoforms in cancer is p110a, as this isoform is extremely frequently activated by mutation. How p110a achieves this function is not clear, and my main aim is to investigate the role and mechanism of action of p110a in an oncogenic context, to provide a comprehensive picture of the molecular events controlled by p110a, and to identify molecular pathways interacting with p110a signalling. This is anticipated not only to provide a better fundamental understanding of PI3K signalling but could also reveal potential new targets for intervention in cancer. During the 7 months I have been in the Host Laboroatory, I have discovered that loss-of-function of p110a leads to a peculiar form of cell senescence, and a key aspect of my proposed work will be the further dissection of the underlying signalling mechanisms. This will be done by a detailed analysis of known players in cell senescence but also by carrying out a rescue screen, which provides a more unbiased approach. I believe that this is possible, as I have found that p53 RNAi can rescue the senescent phenotype, providing 'proof-of-principle' for this approach. In pararel, I will also investigate the cellular and organismal impact of the most prevalent p110a point mutation found in cancer, by making use of a new mouse line which carries a germline p110a H1047R point mutation in the kinase domain. This post-doctoral period will allow me to be familiarized with advanced and unique approaches used by the Host Group, including gene-targeted mice and sophisticated cell biology. Other than widening my scientific horizon and allowing me to establish international contacts, this project will also widen my expertise in basic research to the field of tumor biology in which I have developed a great interest. It is my ultimate aim to continue my career the findings obtained from the proposed project by securing a future independent research position in Spain.

Keywords: health sciences,signal transduction,pi 3-kinase,mouse models,gene-targeted mice,rnai screening,oncogenesis,cancer,cellular senescence,disease
Integrating outcome registers, retrieval analysis programs and preclinical validation methods into a synergistic post-marketing surveillance program for orthopedic devices (ORTHOWATCH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-06
End date: 2010-06-05
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224254.85
EU funding (EUR): 224254.85
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is increasing demand for technology to maintain the mobility of an aging worldwide population. Joint replacement is widely recognized as a successful orthopaedic surgical procedure for treating degenerative musculoskeletal conditions. However, joint replacement prostheses have limited longevity, especially in younger and more active people. Efforts to improve prosthesis longevity and performance continue to drive changes in surgical techniques, prosthesis materials and designs. The broad objective of this proposal is to improve the longevity of joint replacements by expanding our understanding of the biomechanical environment in which prostheses function and wear. The approach is to assess the performance of explanted prostheses after they have endured a finite duration of function in a human physiological environment. Such assessments provide essential inputs for prosthesis development and for validating preclinical methodologies for predicting joint prosthesis performance. However, access to explanted prostheses is limited and few European research groups are participating in such assessments. This proposal (ORTHOWATCH) aims to strengthen the procedures and outcomes of a recently established Register of Orthopaedic Prosthetic Explants (REPO) at the Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, a leading European institute for orthopaedics and traumatology. ORTHOWATCH will integrate outcome registers, retrieval analysis programs and preclinical validation methods into a synergistic post-marketing surveillance program for orthopedic devices. The objectives of ORTHOWATCH are: 1) to implement a standardized screening protocol for categorizing explanted prostheses; 2) to apply existing measurement technologies for quantitative assessment of explanted prostheses; and 3) to provide quantitative endpoints from the explanted prostheses that are complementary to the research objectives of a multidisciplinary team of researchers within the host organization.

Keywords: biomedical engineering,biomaterial engineering,simulation engineering,orthopaedics,degenerative diseases,geriatrics
Effect of structure upon the reactivity of catalytic nanoparticles (ESRCN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 290980.62
EU funding (EUR): 290980.62
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Heterogeneous catalysis is an area where nanotechnology is present in people's everyday lives. Catalytic processes are found in diverse applications such as fuel-refining, the petrochemical industry, fertiliser production, automotive catalytic converters, biochemistry etc. They also provide a pathway to renewable, clean energy in the form of hydrogen fuel cell technology. Most modern catalysts take the form of catalytically active nanoparticles dispersed over some highly porous support medium. It is expected that the activity of these particles is largely determined by the density of catalytically active sites on the particle surface. The proposed research will establish a new methodology in nanocatalyst research by using high-resolution experimental techniques to establish a close and unambiguous correlation between the morphology and reactivity of individual nanoparticles. The principal tools will be scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), which offers atomic-scale structural resolution, combined with scanning Auger microscopy (SAM), offering nanometer-scale chemical information. These techniques will be used to measure the surface structure and composition of catalytic nanoparticles before, after and perhaps even during a reaction and to correlate this data with the reactivity of the nanoparticles measured by temperature programmed desorption (TPD). By measuring the surface structure of individual nanoparticles it will then be possible to make a direct comparison with the results of computational modeling. This will open the possibility to optimize the nanoparticle size and shape in order to maximize the number of catalytically active surface sites, while minimizing the unused volume, thereby improving the efficiency of the catalyst while reducing the material cost.

Keywords: physical sciences,heterogeneous catalysis,surface science,catalytic nanoparticles,reactivity,structure sensitvity,scanning tunneling mircoscopy
Migrant workers across European Labour markets. Mobility, citizenship and urban resources in the pre-industrial cities - XVIth-XVIIIth century (MIGRANTWORKEUROLAB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2011-01-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 154911.75
EU funding (EUR): 154911.75
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project focus on mobility related to one of the central element of every society: labour market. One of the reasons more frequently adduced at the base of the choice of emigrate is the research of a job. Many scholars have analysed migratory chains and professional specializations of ethnic groups , stressing as immigrants communities were able to conquer relevant places on the labour market. Therefore, the fact that immigrants were not secondary actors on the labour market stage is ascertained, and some studies point out as many foreign people could reach a prestigious position in the city of arrival . Pre-industrial cities and their labour market, in fact, seem to be quite open to foreigners: as many scholars have underlined , modern towns did not divide their inhabitants between citizens and not, but rather between stable and temporary inhabitants. This feature of openness is at the base of the strong circulation of women, men, wealth and knowledges between pre-industrial European countries. In all the major cities we can find foreigners communities, which are frequently well inserted in the local labour markets, to whose functioning they are an indispensable part. Migrant workers mobility traces therefore the lines of a working common space, an European Labour Market where women, men, wealth and knowledges move along, a common space kept together despite its differences and its largeness by the networks between different (and sometimes far) cities, built up and kept in time by its migrant inhabitants.

Keywords: social sciences,modern history,economic history,social history,anthropology,labour market economics,urban sociology,immigration,citizenship
Marine protected areas for the conservation of marine top predators (MPACONTOP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151663.92
EU funding (EUR): 151663.92
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The state of the global oceans is rapidly deteriorating due to the effect of human activities, and the risk of extinction to marine species is far greater than previously thought. The main threat to the marine environment is posed by over-fishing, which has resulted, in many cases, in extinctions of both target and incidentally caught species, including marine top predators (e.g. large pelagic fish, turtles, cetaceans, and seabirds). Seabirds belonging to the order Procellariiformes are amongst the most pelagic of seabirds and occur in all of the world’s oceans. Although Procellariiformes face many threats at their breeding habitat, fishing activity is their main conservation problem since many thousands of birds are killed annually by longline fisheries and populations have shown marked declines over the last decades, especially in the Southern Ocean. The proposed research will develop effective conservation strategies for marine top predators, taking into account their spatiotemporal population dynamics as well as the dynamics of longline fisheries. Our modelling approach will be based on data from the Tracking Ocean Wanderers conservation initiative, which covers over 90% of all extant Procellariiformes tracking data. The complexity of these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach which integrates the most recent techniques of GIS-based habitat modelling, individual-based and spatially-explicit, pattern-oriented, population viability analyses and multi-criteria decision analysis, which will be develop in a world leading center of ecological modelling, the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ. This combined approach will facilitate the identification of suitable habitat for the implementation of marine protected areas for the conservation of marine top predators in the Southern Ocean, as well as simulations performance in order to assess the effectiveness of different fishery management scenarios, which is impossible at sea.

Keywords: ecological modelling,conservation biology,population biology,ecosystem management
Quantum Devices based on Carbon Nanotubes (QDCN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-25
End date: 2010-06-24
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159733.61
EU funding (EUR): 159733.61
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to take advantage of the unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the fabrication of innovative nanoelectronic devices. The first nanodevice is a ultra-sensitive detector, designed to probe the electrical properties of individual molecules that are exposed to external perturbations, e.g. such as electric field or light. The detection scheme is based on an original approach, on the contrary to previous experiments which aimed at contacting individual organic molecules with two electrodes. With the two-electrode technique the problems have quickly appeared due to the poor control of the electrode/molecule interfaces. Here, the molecule is attached to only one electrode, a nanotube. The resistance of the nanotube is measured as a function of a gate voltage, which should be sensitive on the energy spectrum of the molecule. Low-current detection is expected to be particularly suitable for molecular electronics, since most of the molecular systems are highly resistive. This includes organic molecules, biological molecules, and semiconducting particles. Most importantly, such an approach is expected to be mostly independent on the quality of the molecule-nanotube interface, and in addition, it allows the device to be operational in higher temperature. The second proposed design of nanodevice is a non-volatile memory, which will be achieved also in one-electrode approach by combining a single nanoparticle (with diameters up to 10nm) with a carbon nanotube transistor. In the device, CNT acts as conduction channel and the charge stored in the nanoparticle behaves as a floating-gate. Charging effects will be obtained either from an atomic force microscope or directly from the nanotube. The objective will be to determine the operability of the device at room temperature and its limitation (necessary charge on floating-gate, temperature limitation).

Keywords: electron-based nano-devices,experimental physics,carbon nanotubes,quantum transport,quantum ultra-sensitive detector,single electron counting,nonvolatile memory device,coulomb blockade