Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
GAIA-BInaries: Formation and fundamental pRoperties Of Stars and planeTary systems (GAIA-BIFROST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-12-01
End date: 2026-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2998750.0
EU funding (EUR): 2998750.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Systems with close stellar-mass or planetary-mass companions are ubiquities in the universe. However, the processes that shape the architecture of these systems are still not understood. By 2021 the GAIA mission will provide astrometric+radial velocity orbits for millions of multiple systems. For the vast majority, GAIA will measure only photocenter displacements and not be able to resolve the individual components, preventing masses and orbital statistics to be derived. The aim of the GAIA-BIFROST project is to exploit the GAIA sample in order to identify the processes that govern the formation and dynamical evolution of binaries and planetary systems. Using VLTI+CHARA interferometry we will resolve up to ∼6000 GAIA binaries in the continuum and in spectral lines, allowing us: (a) to derive precision dynamical masses, ages, and comprehensive orbital parameter statistics that is needed to discern between different binary formation scenarios; (b) to measure the spin-orbit and spin-spin alignment for hundreds of GAIA star-star and star-planet systems. This will constrain the origin of the orbit obliquity for stars and planets, providing unique information about their formation process and dynamical history; and (c) to image companion-disk interactions in young binary systems and use them as benchmark for studying the hydrodynamical processes that determine the system architecture at formation. Furthermore, our survey will provide a legacy data set of dynamical masses and precision ages for (literally!) thousands of stars, by far exceeding all earlier work in these areas. This will impact many areas of modern astrophysics, including studies on stellar evolution and Galactic Archaeology. To unlock these powerful new observational avenues, it is important to resolve GAIA binaries close to the GAIA wavebands and at high spectral resolution. We will achieve this by commissioning the BIFROST beam combiner at VLTI, building on our recent successful instrumentation work

Keywords: binary formation,planet formation,star formation,binary systems,planetary systems,interferometry,vlti,chara,gaia
eNHANCE - intention based enhancement of reaching and grasping in physically disabled people - personalized to maximize user performance (eNHANCE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Content technologies and information management: ICT for digital content, cultural and creative industries
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Sweden,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Multimodal and Natural computer interaction (H2020-ICT-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 50.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3916055.0
EU funding (EUR): 3916054.75
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The eNHANCE project key objective is to symbiotically mechanically support and motivate people with motor impairments resulting from muscular or neural degeneration (e.g. stroke) to perform complex daily life tasks. Our system aims to assist the user in performing their daily-life interaction with the environment through an intelligent multi-modal adaptive interface controlled by a high performance intention detection input interface and a personalised behavioural model. The eNHANCE active support orthotics enables the users to achieve their desired movement actions, while motivating the users to maximize their own force contribution. This will maximize user performance relative to their personal capacity, and so maximize therapeutic effects. This requires a personalized mechanical support system taking into account personal behaviour in response to arm and hand support characteristics, supplementary motivational inputs provided by the system and context. Our personalized behaviour model will be constantly predicting user performance. This model is adaptively identified based on the discrepancy between observed and predicted user performance. The eNHANCE consortium provides a unique combination of European companies, knowledge and clinical institutes required to tackle this challenge. The expertise covers such diverse fields as body-mounted sensing, high-performance intention detection, machine intelligence, behavioral monitoring and modeling, dexterous mechatronic arm and handfunction support, intelligent and user-enabling daily-life care, and economical and clinical exploitation of such new approaches. The research and innovation will be driven by clinical user and industrial requirements identification and is finalized by clinical validation and industrial prototype realization and demonstration.

Keywords: intention detection,eye tracking,on body sensing,environment observation,mechatronic arm and hand support,adaptive behaviour modeling,adaptive motor support intelligence,stroke,duchenne
The Hot-Coal hypothesis of working memory (Hot-Coal WM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2026-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498957.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498957.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Working memory (WM) is a fundamental cognitive capability. It refers to our ability to hold, select and manipulate several objects in mind simultaneously. It allows us to engage in flexible behavior and is tightly linked to fluid intelligence. This project will answer an essential, yet unsolved aspect of WM: How can primates use their WM in a generalized way and control what they think about? If you hear ‘apple’, ‘stone’ and ‘pear’ in sequence, and then you are asked to imagine the first fruit, how is it that you do not confuse apples with pears? There are many competing models of WM, but no biologically detailed models are capable of generalization. Neural networks can be trained to perform similar WM tasks as primates do, a major difference is that primates generalize their training. They can learn the task on a set of objects, then perform it on a novel set. Computational models typically rely on changing the connections between units to achieve the desired activity patterns to solve the task. Since these activity patterns depend on the objects held in WM, the training does not translate to novel objects. I propose a new solution to this problem, the Hot-Coal model of WM. It relies on a novel computational principle in which spatial location of information, rather than connectivity, is controlled by excitatory bursts to support cognition. I will explore this principle and test it in data. Preliminary tests suggest that the Hot-Coal theory is supported by electrophysiological data from primates. By implementing the theory in computational networks I aim to demonstrate the generalization mechanism and provide more detailed predictions. Finally, I will use the theory to resolve seemingly conflicting findings regarding the mechanisms underlying WM, by reproducing them in a single model. The new theory could constitute a significant advance in the mechanistic understanding of one of the most central and puzzling components of cognition.

Keywords: working memory,computational neuroscience,generalization,systems neuroscience,computational cognition
Toward a new generation of Ecological Assessment tools for the Management Coastal environment (TEAM-Coast)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Australia,France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-07-16
End date: 2021-07-15
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 270918.0
EU funding (EUR): 270918.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Marine coastal areas have a considerable socio-economic importance and provide multiple services to Humankind (fisheries, nutrient cycling etc.). However, these environments are subjected to multiple anthropogenic pressures that are profoundly modifying benthic communities (i.e. organisms living on, in, or near the seabed as invertebrates, algae, bacteria etc.) that control most coastal ecosystem services. The TEAM-Coast project aims to develop a new generation of tools, based on emerging environmental genomics approaches (i.e. the study of genetic material retrieved in environmental samples), to investigate responses of coastal communities to stressors and assist stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding the balance between human activities and ecological integrity of coastal environments. Preserving efficiently these environments requires: 1) to integrate all coastal biodiversity in studies and models, a large portion being generally excluded due to technical and financial constraints; 2) to treat anthropogenic pressures in a integrated way to understand the full ecological ramifications of the multiple stressors in interaction on the structure and functioning of communities; 3) to rank the relative importance of these stressors to prioritize actions to lead. This project proposes thus to take advantage of the promises of environmental genomics to characterize the whole range of benthic communities over broad scales, at a unprecedented level of details and in a standardised, rapid and cost-effective way. These approaches will be implemented at the seascape scale to disentangle and understand ecological ramifications of multiple human-induced stressors on structure and diversity of benthic communities. Data will be then combined with cutting-edge statistical tools to identify key stressors and develop innovative management strategies. As such, outcomes of TEAM-Coast will lead to major advances for monitoring and management of European coastal environments.

Keywords: coastal ecosystems,environmental genomics,ecological risk assessment,seascape management,molecular ecology,dna metabarcoding,marine biodiversity,invasive species,pollution,benthic communities
Hidden Hunger, Forgotten Food (FAIRFISH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-02-01
End date: 2024-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1493605.0
EU funding (EUR): 1493605.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Food Security is a grand challenge of our time, but three factors inhibit our ability to meet global targets. First, interdisciplinary approaches incorporating ecological, social, and health sciences are fundamental, but lacking. Second, a disproportionate focus on food quantity overlooks ‘hidden hunger’, or micronutrient deficiencies, which are implicated in over a million deaths annually. Third, small-scale fisheries (SSF) reach 100s of millions of people in the developing world, hold potential for achieving food security, but remain ‘forgotten food’ in global discourse. Consequently, an interdisciplinary approach that tackles hidden hunger within SSF is a critical frontier for food security research. Fish are particularly high in many micronutrients, but a systematic understanding of which species have the greatest concentrations of key nutrients is needed. Inadequate access to nutritious food is one of the most significant problems of the modern age, which can be illuminated through analyses of power. The failure to realise the tremendous potential for improving food security through fisheries stems from a lack of understanding of how social drivers exacerbate or ameliorate nutritional inequalities. Consequently, an in-depth analysis that quantifies how key social drivers impact nutritional inequality, is essential. FAIRFISH will address these gaps to uncover the ecological and socio-cultural determinants of the contributions SSF make to human health: 1. Establish the ecological and environmental determinants of nutrient availability among fish species using a traits based approach. 2. Advance social practice theory, by integrating an analysis of power, to determine what power relations enable or constrain access to nutritious food. 3. Progress interdisciplinary science, by integrating findings from 1 and 2, to quantify the impact of key social drivers on nutritional inequality, and uncover opportunities to meet nutritional needs.

Keywords: small scale fisheries,food security,development,power,access,social ecological systems,interdisciplinarity
Integrating climate impact and spatial microsimulation modelling for improved climate change adaptation decision-making (CLIMOD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-04-02
End date: 2020-04-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Minimising the welfare cost of climate change requires effective adaptation policies. Consequently, the EU strategy on climate change adaptation prioritises the creation of ‘frameworks, models and tools to support decision-making and to assess [the effectiveness of] various adaptation measures’. Accurate measurement of welfare cost is a prerequisite for effective policy prioritisation. The current state of the art quantifies welfare costs using aggregated methodologies. This has been shown to bias cost estimation and does not capture the socioeconomic distribution of welfare impacts. This bias may therefore affect the effectiveness of adaptation measures. Integrating climate impact models (with which Prof Lotze-Campen and the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research [PIK] are experts) with Spatial Microsimulation (SM) modelling (with which the experienced researcher, Dr. Farrell, is an expert) provides a framework to estimate micro-level welfare impacts and thus overcome these deficiencies. Furthermore, this project integrates these estimates into decision-making models to aid policy. This project provides: (1) a timely contribution; (2) a strong multidisciplinary focus; (3) a transfer of SM knowledge to PIK, improving their ability to quantify the welfare impacts of climate change; (4) strong training in climate science and decision-making tools for Dr. Farrell; (5) strong communication/dissemination strategy drawing on resources of Dr. Farrell and PIK. The value of this project is in the collaborative opportunities provided by the research fellowship. PIK provides the best possible opportunities for mentorship and training/professional development for Dr. Farrell. This establishes Dr. Farrell as the leading expert in an emerging field of micro-based welfare estimation of climate change impacts and, coupled with the integration of the research networks of Dr. Farrell and PIK, provides a platform through which many further career developments are possible.

Keywords: environmental economics,climate change,spatial microsimulation,distributional impact,adaptation
Development and Manufacturing of a Smart AFC Drive and Control System (FloCoS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,France
Call: Smart amplifier and a control box for fluidic actuators (H2020-CS2-CFP04-2016-02, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2020-06-30
Duration (months): 37.0
Total project cost (EUR): 693013.75
EU funding (EUR): 485109.63
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The project FloCoS will focus on an integrated flow control actuator driving system taking into account the specific requirements of piezoelectrically driven Synthetic Jet Actuators. The system will be divided into two different main parts: The amplifier unit on the one hand and the control part on the other hand. For making measurement values available which will be used for closed-loop control of the actuator, a dedicated measurement circuit will be developed and optimized for this specific application. A highly integrated and miniaturized electronic module for fluidic AFC actuators will be the output of this project. FloCoS will not only provide smart power amplifier solutions, but also efficient solutions. State-of-the-art power recovery technologies will be used to minimize the needed power for driving the piezoelectric elements. For the addressed application scenarios, e.g. the test of actuators in large scale wind tunnel test studies, there are special requirements for remote access and control for the system. For the test of the actuators as well as the aerodynamic concepts, the actuators have to be driven in WT/T environment, where control computers and power supply connectors may be far away from the point of action. FloCoS will provide remote access to all system parameters with an advanced monitoring and logging functionality. The requested number of actuators suggests that there is a short term plan to test the actuators at a specific region in the wing, e.g. pylon-wing junction or outer wing. The integration aspects for these regions will demand special concepts for miniaturized solutions. The system itself will be encapsulated to comply with all harsh environmental requirements which are applied to the system in relevant environmental conditions. The conformity of the system with the electromagnetic compatibility requirements will be demonstrated by testing.

Keywords: flow control,power supply,smart control system
Chemistry of Platinum Group Metals (CHemPGM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: South Africa,Italy,Spain,Cyprus,Belgium,Bulgaria,Greece
Call: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 736000.0
EU funding (EUR): 736000.0
Participants: 7
Project status: SIGNED

The CHemPGM project is a joint initiative of 7 expert organizations from the fields of chemistry, engineering, mining, metallurgy and materials science, designed to conduct fundamental research regarding the chemistry of platinum group metals (PGMs) and utilize the obtained knowledge to improve and secure the PGMs value chain. Specifically, the project aims i) to establish fundamental knowledge regarding the chemistry of the PGMs, their reactions and complexation with other metals and chemical compounds, and the corresponding reactivities during leaching, separation and recovery processes; ii) to gain a complete understanding of the mechanisms associated with the above-mentioned processes, during the utilization of secondary materials to extract PGMs and incorporate them into new materials and processes such as nanomaterials, catalysis and CO2 capture; iii) to create knowledge, provide expertise and educate the public. This will lead to the upgrading of existing processes and the development of new ones, aligned with sustainable principles, to ensure a circular operation model of the relevant industries. Through the involvement of universities, RTOs and SMEs, CHemPGM is backed by a well-rounded team, with multiyear expertise in the relevant fields, capable to deliver high-quality results regarding the project objectives. The consortium approaches the challenge from a multidiscipline aspect and proposes a balanced number of secondments alongside trainings, workshops, seminars and events that guarantee a cross-sectorial synergy among them. As a result, CHemPGM will broaden the expertise of the organizations, contribute to the advancement of the secondees and enhance the potential for innovation to its stakeholders and those inter-related with it. Overall, the methodology for carrying out the tasks involved, guarantees the smooth running of the project and the successful fulfillment of the objectives to contribute towards a more efficient and sustainable future.

Keywords: precious metals,electrochemistry,supply chain,sustainability