Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Bio-clays from several water media (BIO-CLAYS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-05
End date: 2011-04-04
Duration (months): 23.0
Total project cost (EUR): 238015.39
EU funding (EUR): 238015.39
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at assessing the influence of microbial activity and water chemistry on the formation of clay. Clays are the natural product of the chemical weathering of silicate rocks at the lithosphere-hydrosphere-atmosphere contact. They interact greatly with water, air (they are transported long distances by the wind) and living organisms, especially those taking their nutrients directly from the soil. As a result, they are very important in all natural processes and human activities. Our knowledge of the inorganic processes producing clays is still incomplete. In addition, biological processes contribute significantly to the production of clays. It is necessary to study the effect of biological activity on the formation of clays in order to understand clay processes fully and, more generally, the geochemical cycles at the Earth’s surface. The project will study the combined influence of water chemistry and microbial activity on the rate of clay formation and the type of clay produced. Volcanic glass will be reacted with 4 types of natural water: spring water, freshwater, seawater and hypersaline water. The experiments will be carried out with and without microbial activity (the microbial activity will be that originally present in the natural water). During the experiments, the microbial activity (molecular methods) and the water chemistry will be monitored. After the experiments, the reaction products will be investigated using SEM, TEM, micro-infrared and micro-X-ray diffraction. The study will provide the following information: 1) relative and combined influence of water chemistry and microbiological activity on clay formation rate and clay chemistry; 2) relative influence of water and rock chemistry in controlling the composition of the clay formed; 3) interaction between the microorganisms and the volcanic glass and neoformed clay; 4) identity and development of the microbial populations.

Keywords: physical sciences,clay formation,microbial activity,volcanic glass alteration,water media
Molecular mechanisms of the formation and early function of calyx of Held synapses in the auditory brainstem (CALYX MMFF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 20.0
Total project cost (EUR): 189730.27
EU funding (EUR): 189730.27
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My long-term goal for an independent research career is to carry forward the understanding of the central auditory system physiology and the molecular mechanisms that underlie its plasticity. Defects in this system may cause several diseases such as auditory neuropathies, tinnitus or impairments in language understanding. For this long-term purpose, I will do my post-doctoral experience in the laboratory of Pr. Schneggenburger (Brain Mind Institute/Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne/Switzerland) who is a world specialist in the study of the calyx of Held, a model synapse that belongs to the brainstem auditory pathway. The overall objective of this proposal is to gain insight into the molecular cues that determine the formation of the large calyces of Held synapses in the auditory brainstem. Calyces of Held are large excitatory glutamatergic synapses of the superior olivary complex, which rapidly relay information on sounds arriving at the contralateral ear. They thus play a role in sound source localization. Despite their important function, the molecular mechanisms which guarantee the correct formation of these synapses during development are unknown. In this project, we will therefore seek to answer the following two questions: 1) What are the molecular mechanisms that guarantee the formation of large calyces of Held synapses on the contralateral side of the brain, 2) What is the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in axon remodeling that ultimately leads to the formation of the large calyx of Held synapse.

Keywords: neuroscience,electrophysiology,synapse,calyx of held,axon pathfinding,robo3,retrograde messenger,synapse induction
Semantic Oriented Multimedia Indexation and Retrieval (SOMIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 220594.23
EU funding (EUR): 220594.23
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main purpose of the present project is to provide a solution for the efficient semantic-oriented multimedia information retrieval with the support of both the traditional multimedia indexing and classification techniques (based on processing the multimedia content itself) and the modern semantic Web technologies (oriented to exploring the associated multimedia metadata). The challenge proposed by these research objectives concerns a solution for the problem of bridging the “semantic gap” between low-level multimedia features and high-level concepts describing the content. The various metadata types situated in this interval will be organized into a three layers structured collection: generic metadata, valid for all multimedia types; media-specific metadata; semantic metadata for describing the multimedia objects content with the support of various specific vocabularies and ontologies. Supplementary semantic information will be managed through a knowledge database. Aiming to integrate the existing heterogeneous set of automatic indexation and classification algorithms, a structured algorithms collection will be defined and developed. A generic interface for the algorithms will be adopted, where their input/output data, as well as their preconditions and effects will be correlated with the structured metadata collection. Alongside to searching into metadata collection, three issues will be considered when providing results to the user complex queries: to process the query, to define the algorithms sequences in order to be successively applied for indexing the multimedia content, and to use the information provided by the knowledge database. For gaining an user-centered dimension, our approach will define and develop an user profile expressing his long-term interests and his current activity goals in terms of multimedia structured metadata. The profile will be considered for refining the user query’s results and to provide him with personalized recommendations.

Keywords: multimedia content,multimedia techniques,knowledge engineering,systems analysis and models developmentsemantic annotation,multimedia retrieval,indexation and classification,personalized search
Dialectal variation and the definition of finiteness: finite and non-finite dependent clauses in two dialect clusters (DIALFIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 163702.68
EU funding (EUR): 163702.68
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Despite its importance in modern linguistics as both a theoretical and descriptive tool, the notion of finiteness still lacks a widely accepted definition. In the literature it is often assumed that the finite or non-finite status of a clause is actually the result of a complex interaction of several semantic and syntactic features, yet there is no agreement on which features are relevant and how they are realised on the morphology of the verb. This project aims at proposing a general theory of finiteness based on a solid empirical foundation. More specifically, the project aims at documenting variation in the complementation system of a set of endangered dialects, and to analyse this variation in terms of the semantic and syntactic features that together define the notion of finiteness. The dialects to be studied are the extreme Southern Italian Dialects Salentino and Southern Calabrese. These dialects are unique in Europe in that they show strong variation between an Italian-type system of complementation, with an infinitival verb, and a Balkan-type, with a morphologically finite verb. Furthermore, the finite/non-finite contrast is spelled out also on other elements of the dependent clause besides the verb, such as the complementiser. Finally, the existing descriptive literature on these dialects is far from being exhaustive, and recent fieldwork has found several previously unknown verbal forms. These dialects therefore provide an ideal empirical foundation for any theory of finiteness which aims at universal validity. More precisely, they could provide the fine-grained evidence needed to establish which of the many features related to finiteness is indeed relevant, and how these features are mapped onto the verbal morphology and other elements of the clause. In order to build such a solid empirical base, this project will conduct extensive fieldwork with fluent speakers, thus contributing also to the endeavour to document endangered languages in Europe.

Keywords: comparative linguistics,dialectology,grammar
Electronic Structure Modeling of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Semiconductors (HYBRID ENERGY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183618.8
EU funding (EUR): 183618.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Materials science has traditionally been dominated by inorganic solid-state networks and organic molecular frameworks, but recent developments in their combination to produce hybrid inorganic-organic compounds offers new and exciting opportunities. We will employ electronic structure simulations to systematically explore and design improved hybrid semiconducting materials for energy related applications, with an emphasis on novel electronic and optical properties. This will involve the utilization of state-of-the-art modeling techniques. Through exploring the relationship between the microscopic chemical bonding and pertinent macroscopic chemical and physical properties, we will provide new knowledge on the best potential candidates for commercial applications and help direct the experimental search to new materials and systems with predetermined functionalities. This cross-cutting project will develop the research fellow to the level of an independent researcher at a world-leading level.

Keywords: computational chemistry,inorganic chemistry,metal oxides,solid state physics,energy materials
Age, Inequality and Social Justice. Britain and Germany since 1945 (AISJ)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 226974.0
EU funding (EUR): 226974.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research project seeks to explore the relationship between structures of inequality and perceptions of social justice in the modern welfare state across two periods: the three decades of its “Golden Age” after World War II, and the still ongoing period of welfare state retrenchment since the 1970s. It focuses on the social and living conditions of old people. Despite their steadily growing number and importance the elderly still constitute a neglected group in social history. Since their fate lies at the heart of social policy, a considerable part of the debates about inequality and social justice in the last sixty years has centered around old people. At the same time these discussions formed the central place where general questions of distributive justice have been closely connected with problems of generational and gender justice. As an exercise in cross-national comparative history, the project compares the historical developments in Great Britain and the Federal Republic of Germany. Both countries are highly industrialized western democracies, and both faced similar challenges; but they diverged notably in their acceptance of inequality, in their modes of societal self-description, and in the model of the welfare state to which they subscribed. The research project has two major analytical dimensions. On the one hand, it sets out to explore the social history of older people in Britain and Germany since 1945. On the other, it asks how the analysed structures of inequality have been perceived and articulated in terms of justice. Scrutinizing the relationship between both spheres simultaneously makes the institutional setting of the welfare state a focal point of attention not only because questions of distributive justice are at the very core of its normative foundation but also because the welfare state is the central institution through which politically influential concepts of redistributive social justice directly affect societal structures.

Keywords: contemporary history,social history,social justice,inequality,old age,welfare state,cross-national comparison,germany,great britain
HERA Joint Research Programme (HERAJRP)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: General Activities
Destination: ERANET
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: HERAJRP (ERA-NET)
Countries involved: Netherlands,Austria,Croatia,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Iceland,Ireland,Luxembourg,Norway,Slovenia,Sweden,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ERANET-2008-RTD, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 13865000.0
EU funding (EUR): 4000000.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The HERA Joint Research Programme (HERA JRP) partners will launch a joint call for multilateral projects in two humanities research areas: “Cultural Dynamics” and “Creativity and Innovation”. By setting up a HERA JRP, the 13 national funding partners want to create collaborative, trans-national research opportunities that will derive new insights from humanities research in order to address major social, cultural, and political challenges facing Europe. In consultation with their national researcher communities, they have jointly defined and developed common research priorities, and created a new trans-national funding mechanism. They have also pooled a substantial amount of their funding in one common pot, thus increasing the efficiency and impact of public research funding. The two HERA JRP themes – “Cultural Dynamics” and “Creativity and Innovation” respond to the thematic priority issues defined in the FP7 “Cooperation” Work Programme for Socio-economic Sciences and Humanities. With the coordination of substantial research support mobilised by national funding agencies, the HERA JRP complements the existing FP7 research funding instruments by offering a more flexible suite of funding opportunities for both basic and policy-oriented trans-national collaborative research. The selection phase of the HERA JRP involves the final preparatory activities for the Call for proposals and a commonly-agreed two-stage evaluation process involving meetings of two independent, international Review Panels and remote assessments by expert referees. In the research phase, the HERA JRP will support scientific networking activities in order to foster new innovative research. The HERA JRP knowledge transfer strategy will stimulate wider public awareness about the important contributions of new humanities research. It is expected that the procedures implemented here for the first time will make a significant change in the way European Humanities research is conducted and funded.

Keywords: humanities,joint call,pooling national funding,real common pot,cultural dynamics,creativity and innovation,knowledge transfer
Solubility of Aerosol Iron in Open-ocean Seawater (SOLAIROS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IOF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 244807.84
EU funding (EUR): 244807.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The distribution of iron in the oceans is known to have a significant impact on carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles and climate variability due to its role as a growth limiting nutrient for phytoplankton. The principle mechanism for iron transport to remote open ocean surface water is via the atmospheric transport of aerosol material. Hence an accurate understanding of the controlling variables for dissolution of aerosol iron in seawater is required to advance and improve global biogeochemical models. The aim of the proposed work is to conduct a rigorous study of aerosol iron dissolution in seawater by mimicking the conditions and variables of the air/sea interface that will affect the process. The study will test the hypothesis that the physico-chemical nature of seawater controls this dissolution process rather than the nature of the aerosol deposited. To address this, ship-board and laboratory dissolution experiments will be conducted following the collection and characterisation of aerosol and seawater samples from the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series region. The project will be based at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) and at the University of Plymouth (UoP) host institutions. The collaborative work will benefit the EU scientific community and strengthen the researcher’s profile by offering high level training in atmospheric sampling and handling and a variety of analytical techniques for the determination of dissolved iron species in seawater. It will also allow continued and frequent access to open ocean seawater and aerosol samples as well as interdisciplinary training in meteorology, oceanography and remote sensing. The results from the study will further contribute to the international scientific community by better constraining iron transport for global biogeochemical models and improving predictions of the effects of climate change, ocean acidification, anthropogenic emissions and modifications to land use and vegetation.

Keywords: environmental chemistry,biogeochemistry,chemical oceanography,instrumental techniques,biogeochemistry (climate change),aerosols (climate change)
Peptidergic Neuromodulation of Sensory Representation in the Brain (NeuroModSense)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Norway
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 208400.4
EU funding (EUR): 208400.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Animals interact with and respond to their environment by processing sensory inputs such as visual and auditory cues, touch, taste and smell. How an animal responds to sensory inputs however depends on its internal state (e.g. sleep, wakefulness, stress, fed or starved conditions), such that the same sensory input can produce different behaviours. Neuromodulators play an important role in mediating the internal state of the animal. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) are neuropeptides that are conserved across vertebrates and modulate feeding and reproductive behaviours, antagonistically. They are produced by discrete neuronal populations, and are dispersed widely throughout the brain. Studies suggest that both GnRH/NPY modulate the basal olfactory response by altering the synaptic properties of olfactory receptor neurons. However, it is not known how GnRH/NPY influence the processing of chemosensory information in the olfactory bulb (OB) and ultimately odour driven behaviour. Here, I will use an optically transparent and genetically amenable vertebrate model, zebrafish to study brain function and behaviour. First, I will use genetic methods to specifically label, and visualise the activity of the GnRH/NPY neurons in response to natural odours ex vivo. Next, I will manipulate the activity of these neurons using optogenetics and by expressing neurotoxin/cell ablation genes, and study the effect on olfactory processing in the OB. Finally, after manipulating the activity of GnRH/NPY neurons, I will analyse the effect on odour driven behaviour. This will reveal the role of these neuromodulators in olfactory processing and hence on odour driven behaviour in vertebrates. This project unites my expertise in molecular genetics with that of my host in frontier neuroscience to address a fundamental question of sensory processing, relevant for understanding disorders in which behaviour is decoupled from internal state (e.g. obesity/anorexia).

Keywords: gnrh,functional calcium imaging,neuropeptide,olfaction,behaviour,zebrafish