Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Timing of Holocene volcanic eruptions and their radiative aerosol forcing (THERA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2024-02-29
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1978923.0
EU funding (EUR): 1978923.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Volcanic eruptions play a dominant role in driving climate, in ways beyond the established short-term influence on surface air temperatures. In order to mitigate and adapt to the climate effects of future large volcanic eruptions we need to better quantify the risk of these eruptions including 1) the probability of their occurrence and 2) their expected climatic impact. The observational record of the timing of volcanic eruptions, their locations, magnitudes of sulphate aerosol injection is incomplete which limits our understanding of the sensitivity of the Earth system to volcanism and the vulnerability of social and economic systems to the climate impact of past and future eruptions. The primary goal of this proposal is to extract data on the timing, magnitudes and source locations of all major volcanic eruptions occurring during the Holocene (i.e., the past 12,000 years) to answer the questions: What is the likelihood of a stratospheric sulfur injection as large as that from the colossal eruption of Tambora in 1815 to occur somewhere on the globe within the next 100 years? What is the role of effusive eruptions on past, present and future climate? This will be achieved by employing novel, precisely dated, high-time resolution aerosol measurements from bipolar ice-core arrays. New tools will be used to constrain source parameters of the eruptions (location, plume injection height) that control their effects on climate. THERA will constrain recurrence rates for one of the largest global-scale natural hazards, while also assessing linkages between volcanic perturbations and key components of the climate systems (e.g., atmospheric circulation, droughts, ice-sheets and sea-level) through interdisciplinary case studies. As a final goal, THERA will generate global-scale, space-and-time resolved stratospheric aerosol properties for climate models to simulate the volcanic influence on Holocene climate evolution.

Keywords: paleoclimate,holocene,climate forcing,volcanism,ice cores,climate reconstructions,aerosols,cryptotephra,geochronolgy,thera debate
Higher Co-dimension Singularities: Minimal Surfaces and the Thin Obstacle Problem (HiCoS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: Germany,Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-02-01
End date: 2023-10-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1341250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1341250.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Singular solutions to variational problems and to partial differential equations are naturally ubiquitous in many contexts, and among these minimal surfaces theory and free boundary problems are two prominent examples both for their analytical content and their physical interest. A crucial aspect in this regard is the co-dimension of the objects under consideration: indeed, many of the analytical and geometric principles which are valid for minimal hypersurfaces or regular points of the free boundary do not apply to higher co-dimension surfaces or singular free boundary points. The aim of this project is to investigate some of the most compelling questions about the singularities of two classical problems in the geometric calculus of variations in higher co-dimension: I. Mass-minimizing integer rectifiable currents, i.e. solutions to the Plateau problem of finding the surfaces of least area, attacking specific conjectures about the structure of the singular set, most prominently the boundedness of its measure. II. The thin obstacle problem, consisting in minimizing the Dirichlet energy (or a variant of it) among functions constrained above an obstacle that is assigned on a lower dimensional space, with the purpose of answering some of the main open questions on the singular free boundary points. The main unifying theme of the project is the central role played by geometric measure theory, which underlines various common aspects of these two problems and makes them suited to be treated in an unified framework. Although these are classical questions with a long tradition, our knowledge about them is still limited and their investigation is among the most challenging issues in regularity theory. This is the central focus of the project, with the final goal to develop suitable analytical techniques that provides valuable insights on the mathematics at the basis of higher co-dimension singularities, eventually fruitful in other geometric and analytical settings.

Keywords: msc2010 49q15 geometric measure and integration theory,msc2010 49q05 minimal surfaces,msc2010 35r35 free boundary problems
Protected starter cultures for the dairy industry (ProtectedDairy)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Panel description: Genetics, epigenetics, genomics and other ‘omics studies, bioinformatics, systems biology, genetic diseases, gene editing, innovative methods and modelling, ‘omics for personalised medicine
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2018-07-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Milk and its fermentation derivatives, yogurt and cheese, are globally consumed at rates of >750 million tonnes annually, and are responsible for ~10% of the protein consumption worldwide. In the process of yogurt and cheese production, starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are added to milk, leading to fermentative production of the end product. Optimal growth of the lactic acid bacteria within the milk is critical for high-quality fermentation in the manufacturing of such dairy products. During fermentation, growth of starter culture bacteria is frequently impaired by viruses (phages) that infect these bacteria. Phage infection of lactic acid bacteria fermentative cultures is the main cause for incomplete or delayed fermentation processes in the dairy industry, and it is estimated that 10% of dairy fermentation processes fail due to culture infection by phage. This puts an extensive financial burden on the yogurt and cheese industries, a market estimated at >$80B annually. There is therefore a strong need for tools that would protect lactic acid bacteria from phage infection during the fermentation process. In our ERC-funded project we discovered novel defense systems that confer strong resistance against multiple types of phages. We showed that our systems do not impair normal growth of bacteria, and provide efficient phage-resistance features, conferring protection against a broad range of phages. Within the current PoC project we will harness our discoveries to develop non-GMO prototype lactic acid bacteria that are strongly protected against phage infection. This prototype is expected to demonstrate highly resilient, enhanced starter culture bacteria that will have superior durability and resistance over currently available starter culture bacteria used in the market.

Keywords: dairy,phage,starter culture
Performant Alternative to Nickel-based alloys for Turbine of Helicopter Engine Replacement (PANTHER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: France
Call: Characterization of the resistance of TiAl turbine blades to impact (H2020-CS2-CFP07-2017-02, 2017)
Start date: 2019-01-03
End date: 2023-05-02
Duration (months): 52.0
Total project cost (EUR): 549512.5
EU funding (EUR): 549512.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The work presented in this proposal will help the topic leader to evaluate the ability of an innovating TiAl material to replace nickel-based super-alloys for low-pressure turbine application. The PANTHER project will focus on the investigation of the resistance of TiAl alloy under high strain rate, high temperature and different stress triaxiality levels. A combined approach between numerical simulations and original experiments will help creating a reliable transient dynamics material model for behaviour and failure. An upstream methodology will be applied, aiming at testing the material from a microscopic scale to a structure scale. The work will begin by numerical simulation of a blade-off in order to evaluate the important parameters to take into consideration in the model. The results of this preliminary study will drive the experimental conditions for the material testing on Split Hopkinson Bar apparatus. A first couple of parameters will be fitted thanks to this first test campaign. The study will go on with simplified impact testing (two impact configuration) with highly instrumented targets. These tests will reveal the behaviour and failure mode of the TiAl under dynamic conditions. Numerical simulations of these experiments will be performed and material model parameters will be adjusted to correlate simulation results to experimental ones. The goal of the last testing campaign (three impact configurations) is to reproduce the real events that can occur during the life operation of an engine turbine. A last batch of numerical simulation will allow to confirm the ability of the established material model to accurately predict such complex events. The call is in THIOT’s core business and strategy. With the PANTHER project, THIOT is submitting an innovating proposal that will maintain the European industry at the cutting edge of the turbine design.

Keywords: turbine,tial,impact,shpb,shtb,temperature,strain rate,triaxiality,dynamic
Next generation Pass-By Noise approaches for new powertrain vehicles (PBNv2)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Austria,Austria,Belgium,Belgium,France,United Kingdom,Luxembourg
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3584644.56
EU funding (EUR): 3584644.56
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

With transportation noise being the second most deadly environmental pollutant in Europe, engineering for future mobility must be inspired by ecology, economy and health to enable green and silent vehicles. Legislations define maximum noise emission limits that have to be complied with during standardized pass-by noise test procedures. Given novel, often electrified, vehicle powertrain concepts, new pass-by noise evaluation approaches are required. The proposed PBNv2 project (Next generation Pass-By Noise approaches for new powertrain vehicles) brings together early stage researchers and experienced specialists from key players in academia and industry across Europe covering different scientific disciplines and industrial stakeholders form a broad range of backgrounds to optimally tackle the challenges ahead. The Fellows will be trained in innovative PhD topics as well as receiving specific theoretical and practical education in the field of pass-by noise engineering, tackling as well the pass-by noise aspects of the ‘source’, the ‘transfer path’ and the ‘receiver’. PBNv2 is formed by 10 beneficiaries combining leading education institutes, top research institutions and leading companies as well as 7 partner organisations established in European automotive R&D, to assist in the dissemination and public engagement or PBNv2 results, and in providing dedicated training to enhance the entrepreneurial mind set of the ESRs. The Fellows will profit from top scientific research guidance in combination with highly relevant industrial supervision. Together these participants address the triple-I dimension of research training, being International, Interdisciplinary and Intersectoral. Furthermore, the industry will gain from the specific training of the young researchers.

Keywords: pass by noise,quiet vehicles,noise pollution,noise,electrified vehicles,green transport,green mobility,lightweight,vibrations,structural dynamics,acoustics,analysis,design,modelling
Business Aviation Laminar Nacelle (BALANCE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: France
Call: Design and demonstration of a laminar nacelle concept for business jet (H2020-CS2-CFP01-2014-01, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2018-07-31
Duration (months): 31.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1071350.0
EU funding (EUR): 749945.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Development of nacelle concepts to allow increased laminar airflow over a business jet nacelle. The technologies developed through this project will achieve 1% drag at aircraft level, through extension of the laminar surface to 30-40% of the nacelle length. BALANCE will investigate means of reducing the number of aerodynamic disturbances present in the forward portion of the nacelle, including reviewing interface locations, methods of attaching parts, and impacts on engine integration to ensure the resulting solutions not only provide the drag targets set, but do not adversely impact the Production and Operating costs of the nacelle. Using knowledge of nacelle and engine integration, this project will provide a digital demonstrator supported by analysis and test results to achieve TRL5 level laminar nacelle suitable for business jet applications.

Keywords: propulsion,nacelle,powerplant,integration,laminar,aerodynamic
Reinforcing the AI4EU Platform by Advancing Earth Observation Intelligence, Innovation and Adoption (AI4Copernicus)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Greece,Norway,Poland,Greece,France,France,France,France,United Kingdom
Call: Artificial Intelligence on demand platform (H2020-ICT-2020-2, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5378975.0
EU funding (EUR): 4993991.75
Participants: 12
Project status: SIGNED

AI4Copernicus aims to make the AI4EU AI-on-demand platform the platform of choice for users of Copernicus data along the value chain (scientists, SMEs, non-tech sector). AI4Copernicus will achieve this by exposing AI4EU resources on DIAS (data and information access services) platforms, making it easy to procure computing power and large EO data, as well as to access training material and expertise. AI4Copernicus proposes to reinforce and optimise the AI4EU platform service offering with AI4Copernicus datasets, tools and services relevant to Copernicus data to facilitate the use and uptake of the platform resources in domains of high economic and societal impact, such as in Agriculture, Energy and Security. A series of 4 open calls have been planned, leading to 8 small-scale experiments (smaller, single-beneficiary experimental projects targeting technology-advanced users) and 9 use-cases (larger-budget projects, involving at least one non-technology user). The open calls will necessitate the utilisation of DIAS platforms, Copernicus data, the AI4EU platform and the services and resources that will be provided by the AI4Copernicus project. Through organising, facilitating and mentoring these Open Calls, AI4Copernicus will reach out to new user domains and boost the use of the AI4EU platform. More specifically, AI4Copernicus aims to: (1) Expand and deepen the integration of AI4EU with DIAS platforms to enrich the AI4EU service offering and enable far-reaching innovation; (2) Kickstart the innovation cycle by incentivising diverse AI4EU and Copernicus communities to solve real problems of business and societal value; and (3) Drive the evolution, uptake, and impact of all involved platforms: AI4EU and the DIAS platforms, especially WEkEO, CREODIAS and MUNDI.

Keywords: earth observation,remote sensing,satellite data,copernicus,open calls,technology transfer,dias,data and information access services
TRANSPARENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND AUTOMATION TO AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (ARTIMATION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: SESAR (Art-187)
Countries involved: Italy,Sweden,France
Call: Digitalisation and Automation principles for ATM (H2020-SESAR-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 999375.0
EU funding (EUR): 999375.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

Recently, Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have shown increasable interest in various application domains including in Air Transportation Management (ATM). Different AI in particular Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are used to provide decision support in autonomous decision-making tasks in the ATM domain e.g. predicting air transportation traffic and optimizing traffic flows. However, most of the time these automated systems are not accepted or trusted by the intended users as the decisions provided by AI are often opaque, non-intuitive and not understandable by human operators. Safety is the major pillar to air traffic management, and no black box process can be inserted in a decision-making process when human life is involved. In order to address this challenge related to transparency of the automated system in the ATM domain, ARTIMATION focuses on investigating AI methods in predicting air transportation traffic and optimizing traffic flows based on the domain of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Here, AI models’ explainability in terms of understanding a decision i.e., post hoc interpretability and understanding how the model works i.e., transparency can be provided in the air traffic management. In predicting air transportation traffic and optimizing traffic flows systems, ARTIMATION will provide a proof-of-concept of transparent AI models that includes visualization, explanation, generalization with adaptability over time to ensure safe and reliable decision support.

Keywords: artificial intelligence,transparent,air traffic management,explainable
Structure/function of a prototypic type VII secretion system from a fast-growing pathogenic mycobacteria (ESX-4 T7SS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is an opportunistic-multidrug-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacteria responsible for multiple clinically-acquired infections both pulmonary and extrapulmonary. Unlike many rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), Mab is able to survive and multiply within macrophages, similar to slow growing mycobacteria (SGM) such as M. tuberculosis (Mtb). In Mtb, five T7SS (ESX-1-5) have been identified and shown to be essential for intracellular survival (ESX-1), virulence (ESX-1 and ESX-5) or growth (ESX-3). T7SS are composed of five protein components essential for function: EccB, EccC, EccD, EccE and MycP. Except for a low-resolution structure of the holo ESX-5 complex from the host lab at 13 Å resolution, no structural data on any T7SS have been published to date, rendering structural work timely and eagerly awaited by relevant communities. Deemed inactive due to its lack of one of the established T7SS components EccE4, ESX-4 has been considered an ancestral T7SS form. However, Mab possess a fully intact and functional ESX-4, essential for its intracellular survival, rendering it a highly attractive target for an in-depth characterization. Here, I propose an interdisciplinary project that includes both functional and structural investigation. As the 2 M Dalton-holo-complex crosses the Mab inner membrane, experimental structural work will be challenging and require an integrative modeling approach to combine diverse experimental data sets. Complementary infection biology experiments including microbiology, genetics and cell biology will be carried out by collaborators. With this work, I aim to respond to central questions related to T7SS in general and Mab ESX-4 specifically, such as: what is the mechanism of T7SS-mediated secretion? What makes ESX-4 specific and different from other T7SS? What is the specific role of EccE4 to establish a functionally active ESX4? and What are the substrates and specific mechanism of ESX-4 substrate recognition?

Keywords: mycobacteria,type vii secretion system,secretomics,virulence,membrane translocation,mycobacterium abscessus,macromolecular systems,substrate recognition