Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Abelianisation of Connections, Quantum Curves, and Spectral Clusters (AbQuantumSpec)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This cross-disciplinary project lies at the interface of geometry, mathematical physics, perturbation theory, and integrable systems, combining techniques from algebraic topology, cluster algebras, ordinary differential equations, and asymptotic analysis. The main goal is to advance our understanding of the geometry of character varieties and their quantisation. This project -- carried out by Nikita Nikolaev under the supervision of Marta Mazzocco at the University of Birmingham -- is expected to result in a fundamental innovation in geometry and have important implications for quantum field theory. It will open a vast new scientific arena and will serve to establish Nikolaev amongst research leaders in this highly active research area. Character varieties are geometric spaces which are ubiquitous in mathematics and physics, where they capture important topological and quantum invariants. These spaces parameterise singular complex ordinary differential equations (such as the Airy and Bessel equations, or even time-independent Schrödinger equations), as well as their generalisations: meromorphic connections on vector bundles over a Riemann surface. However, character varieties are usually complicated singular spaces, so the valuable information they encode is not easy to access. This project will develop a new method to describe character varieties called abelianisation. Ideas behind abelianisation stem from the WKB method in quantum mechanics and have recently resurfaced in the context of quantum field theory and string theory. Abelianisation will allow to construct special coordinate systems on character varieties (called spectral coordinates) which naturally capture crucially important geometric structure of character varieties (most prominently the symplectic and cluster structures). In other words, spectral coordinates will be a geometric gadget to decrypt mathematical and physical information encrypted in character varieties.

Keywords: connections,vector bundles,character varieties,moduli spaces,cluster algebras,higgs bundles,poisson geometry,symplectic geometry,integrable systems,isomonodromy,quantum groups,odes
in-line Cascade laser spectrometer for process control (iCspec)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Sustainable, resource-efficient and low-carbon technologies in energy-intensive process industries
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Poland,Sweden,Poland,France,France
Call: Integrated Process Control (H2020-SPIRE-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5587935.0
EU funding (EUR): 5587932.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Real-time measurements of multi-components in process streams respond to long demanded industry requirements of fast, accurate, reliable and economical process analyzers. The rise of such -yet unavailable– systems will lead to a paradigm change throughout the process control and production chain. Significant cost savings from the Total-Cost-of-Ownership to improved process efficiency will result. We focus on the development of compact, robust and maintenance-free sensors for fast in-line multi-species chemical composition measurements for process analytics of many technically relevant gases such as hydrocarbons. The projected sensors will replace state-of-the-art systems of elevated cost and pollution. We will extend established laser-based in-line gas sensing to the mid-infrared “chemical fingerprint” spectral range for multi-species detection. The developments base upon two key technologies: (1) The integration of mid-IR laser arrays and (2) the advancement of spectroscopic and chemometric data evaluation. Tasks performed today with extractive systems with a delayed response of several minutes will become available within seconds and negligible delay. Demonstrators will be integrated in the control loop of a petro-chemical plant allowing significant improvements as optimized product quality, minimized waste and thus less environmental pollution and increased safety in cases where hazardous conditions have to be detected without delay. The consortium represents the whole value added chain with major players in the field of mid-IR laser sources and their integration (nanoplus, III-V Lab), as well as a major player in the field of process analyzing equipment (Siemens AG). The contributions of scientifically established universities and institutes (CEA Leti, Universität Würzburg and Politechnika Wroclawska) and one SME (Airoptic) complete together with a prominent representative of the petrochemical industry (PREEM AB) as end user the consortium.

Keywords: mid infrared laser spectroscopy,qcl array,icl array,opto electronic integration,wide tunability,gas analyzer,gas sensor,crude oil distillation,flue gas,multi species concentration measurement
Models of noncommutative differential geometries (NCDIFFGEO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum spacetime is the idea that spacetime coordinates are not classical variables but elements of a noncommutative 'co-ordinate algebra' much as in quantum theory. The first convincing models of (flat) quantum spacetime appeared in the 1990's, typically on the basis of quantum symmetry using the then-new theory of quantum groups. The thinking is that such noncommutativity should arise from quantum gravity effects and allows us to model these in an effective description without full knowledge of quantum gravity itself (this not being known). Such flat quantum spacetimes are an area of existing strength for EU science. The project proposes a new generation of quantum spacetime models no longer tied to quantum symmetry. Instead the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship will train an experienced Researcher coming from theoretical physics in new highly algebraic tools which are not easily accessible to physicists and which amount to a mathematical theory of 'noncommutative Riemannian geometry' including quantum differentials, quantum metrics, and quantum-Levi Civita connections and quantum curvature. The realisation of the project will validate and enrich the mathematical formalism and also promises a next generation of physical effects related to the conjunction of both gravity and quantum noncommutativy, which will stimulate original and creative approaches to quantum gravity across several EU institutes. It will also greatly enhance the competitiveness of the Researcher in complementing her knowledge of theoretical physics by mathematics (noncommutative differential geometry) which will put her in a seminal position for subsequent work. The quality and ambition of the research objectives, the possibilities of interdisciplinary collaborations and the international recognition of the Supervisor will further enhance the action and the Researcher's career.

Keywords: quantum spacetime,riemannian geometry,noncommutative geometry,quantum groups
Hydrostatic pressure and prokaryotic activity in the deep sea (HYADES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-04-15
End date: 2018-04-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178156.8
EU funding (EUR): 178156.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of this project is to understand deep-sea prokaryotic activity and metabolism under in situ hydrostatic pressure and reveal the contribution of piezophilic prokaryotes to the total prokaryotic community in the dark ocean. In the project, deep-sea prokaryotes will be incubated under in situ hydrostatic pressure with an in situ microbial incubator (ISMI) which has been developed in the lab of the applicant’s PhD supervisor in Japan. The ISMI, as the name suggests, is an instrument to incubate deep-sea biota at the depth of sampling and hence, without change of the hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Deep-sea prokaryotes will also be incubated under atmospheric pressure at otherwise identical conditions as a control, thus, this approach will reveal the impact of hydrostatic pressure on prokaryotic activity. Consequently, we will obtain information on the phylogeny and metabolism of piezophilic and piezotolerant prokaryotic populations in the dark ocean. The ISMI will be deployed during two long (ca. 1 month) research cruises, and a short (a week) cruise in the project. Prokaryotic heterotrophic and autotrophic production under in situ hydrostatic pressure will be measured, and piezophilic, piezotolerant, and piezosensitive prokaryotes will be studied with microautoradiography combined with catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (MICRO-CARD-FISH) and omics approaches. Measuring metabolic activity of deep-sea microbes under in situ pressure conditions represents a major endeavor, and it remains unknown how large the fraction of piezophilic and piezotolerant prokaryotes in the deep ocean really is. The project has the potential to provide an answer to the question of the metabolic activity of microbes under in situ pressure conditions in the global ocean.

Keywords: deep sea,hydrostatic pressure,in situ microbial incubator,piezophiles,prokaryotic heterotrophic production,chemolithoautrophic production,carbon budget,micro card fish,omics approach
Information Theory for Low-Latency Wireless Communications (LOLITA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2023-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1424000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1424000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The majority of wireless connections in the fifth generation (5G) of wireless systems will most likely be originated by autonomous machines and devices rather than by the human-operated mobile terminals for which traditional broadband services are intended. It is thus expected that enhanced mobile-broadband services will be complemented by new services centered on machine-type communications (MTC). An important emerging area among MTC systems is that of low-latency communications, which targets systems that require reliable real-time communication with stringent requirements on latency and reliability. The design of low-latency wireless communication systems is a great challenge, since it requires a fundamentally different design approach than the one used in current high-rate systems. Indeed, current systems exchange packets of several thousand bits. For such packet lengths, there are error-correcting codes that can correct transmission errors with high probability at rates close to the capacity. Consequently, the design of current systems is supported by the extensive information-theoretical knowledge we have about wireless communications. In contrast, low-latency systems exchange packets of only several hundred bits, so the rate of the error-correcting code must be significantly below the capacity to achieve the desired reliability. Consequently, for such systems, capacity is not a relevant performance measure, and design guidelines that are based on its behavior will be misleading. Currently, we are lacking the theoretical understanding of low-latency wireless communication systems that would be crucial to design them optimally. The presented project addresses this problem by establishing the theoretical framework required to describe the fundamental tradeoffs in low-latency wireless communications. The project's vision is that finite-blocklength information theory will play the same role for low-latency systems as information theory has for current systems.

Keywords: information theory,wireless communications
Deciphering the niche adaptations of a gut commensal involved in educating the host immune system (NICHEADAPT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy
Panel description: The immune system, related disorders and their mechanisms, biology of infectious agents and infection, biological basis of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, innovative immunological tools and approaches, including therapies
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2026-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999948.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999948.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The gut microbiota plays an integral part in driving the postnatal maturation of the gut immune system and in protecting the host from pathogens. The commensal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) plays a critical role in these processes through its intimate attachment to the ileal epithelium using a unique pointed tip structure on its unicellular ‘infectious’ particle. SFB induces a broad pro-inflammatory immune activation, and notably a striking induction of IgA and Th17 cell responses, that fosters pathogen resistance but can also exacerbate disease severity in a number of autoimmune models, making SFB an important microbe in health and disease. SFB is found in many vertebrate species, including humans, and SFB monocolonization has allowed a detail study of its immunostimulatory potential. However, the unique and complex life-cycle of SFB and SFB’s interaction with the host has remained poorly understood due to a lack of in vitro culturing techniques. We recently overcame this hurdle by establishing the first in vitro SFB-host cell co-culturing system. Using this system, unicellular SFB were discovered to be flagellated and to stimulate TLR5 signaling, revealing a missing link of immunological importance in the SFB life-cycle. This important developmental stage will now be further characterized and its immunological consequence assessed using gnotobiology. State-of-the-art microscopy techniques will be employed to characterize in detail the SFB life-cycle and novel structures discovered during in vitro growth. Unicellular SFB surface proteins will be identified using mass spectrometry, localized on the bacterium and tested for their ability to mediate host cell attachment. In addition, next generation sequencing and transcriptomics will be used to assess SFB genome evolution and SFB niche constraints. Together, this work will lead to a detailed view of the SFB life-cycle and how SFB has adapted to its unique replicative niche at the epithelial surface.

Keywords: gut microbiota,immune stimulation,bacterial adhesin,flagella,cryo em,nutrient acquisition,genome evolution,life cycle,intracellular offspring,host bacterial cross talk,niche constraints
China, Law, and Development (CLD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499381.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499381.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The world is in the midst of a sea change in approaches to development. The rise of nationalist politics in the U.S., U.K. and Europe have questioned commitments to global governance at the same time that China has emerged as a champion of globalization, a turn of geo-political events that would have been unfathomable ten years ago. Through its own multi-lateral institutions, China is setting a new agenda for development from Europe to Oceania. China’s approach differs from Anglo/Euro/American approaches to “law and development” (LD). Whereas LD orthodoxy has sought to improve legal institutions in poor states, Chinese do not foster rule of law abroad. Instead, Chinese view law as one set of rules, among others, to facilitate economic transactions and not to foster democratization. This distinction has sparked a global debate about the so-called “China model” as an alternative to LD. Yet there is little empirical data with which to assess the means and ends of China’s expanded footprint, a question with long-term implications for much of the developing world. This project addresses that problem by proposing that even if Chinese cross-border development does not operate through transparent rules, it nonetheless has its own notion of order. The project adopts a multi-sited, mixed method, and interdisciplinary approach—at the intersection of comparative law, developmental studies, and legal anthropology—to understand the nature of China’s order. The project has two objectives: 1. To establish the conceptual bases for the study of China’s approach to law and development by developing the first systematic study of the impacts of Chinese investment on the legal systems of developing economies. 2. To experiment with a comparative research design to theorize how China’s approach suggests a type of order that extends through a conjuncture of regional and local processes and manifests itself differently in diverse contexts.

Keywords: law and development,socio legal studies,order
Beyond Rationality in Algebraic CFT: mathematical structures and models (beyondRCFT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: Italy,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 262269.0
EU funding (EUR): 262269.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Conformal Field Theory (CFT) in low dimensions is one of the most active branches of modern physics, it is amenable to rigorous "axiomatic" formulations, hence it is naturally connected to various areas of mathematical research. For example, to CFTs one can associate braided tensor categories (describing superselection sectors, defects, topological field theories) and subfactors, i.e., inclusions of von Neumann algebras with trivial center (describing extensions, duality properties and exotic charge localizations). All these areas are independently pairwise correlated, e.g., subfactors with CFTs, subfactors with tensor categories, and they have their own history and an extremely profound literature. The aim of my research project is to analyze models of CFT, together with the associated mathematical objects, which are not necessarily "rational", i.e., which may admit infinitely many superselection sectors ("particle" excitations of the vacuum). Examples of non-rational CFTs (which are the majority among all CFTs) come from Virasoro minimal models with central charge bigger than one (there are continuously many), and global gauge theories with respect to a compact non-finite group of internal symmetries. Non-rationality of a CFT also implies that the "size" of the associated categories and subfactors have to be infinite, namely one is led to consider categories with infinite spectrum and subfactors with infinite Jones index. These mathematical objects are natural generalizations of their "finite" counterparts (modular and fusion categories, finite index subfactors), they are physically motivated, but they attracted the attention of researchers only in recent times. This research project aims to study structural properties of non-rational CFTs using modern machinery (e.g., generalized Q-systems, ind-categories, planar algebras), to study infinite braided tensor categories and infinite index subfactors arising from them, and exploit their interplay.

Keywords: algebraic conformal field theory,operator algebras,unitary modular tensor categories,index for subfactors,mathematical physics
Helical foldamers with tunable channels for transmembrane water and ion transport (HeliTrans)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174806.4
EU funding (EUR): 174806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

The development of synthetic molecules capable of mimicking the modes of action of biological ion and water membrane channels is crucial to understand their mechanism and potentially to cure diseases (channelopathies) associated with their malfunctions. Synthetic transporters and channels that have already been reported so far, suffer from ill-defined structures or complex mechanisms that make it difficult to establish structure-property relationships in order to improve their efficiency and selectivity. This project aims at designing, synthesizing and studying the very first membrane spanning unimolecular synthetic ion or water channels in the form of long helically folded aromatic oligomers with suitably oriented binding sites at the inner rim. It builds upon earlier achievements in aromatic foldamer design concerning both molecular recognition in helical cavities, and the development of efficient solid phase synthetic methods (SPS) to access sequences longer than 40 units. About 40 units are predicted to fold in a 10-turn open-ended helix with a sizeable channel, covering a total height of ~35 Å, which is equivalent to the thickness of a lipid membrane. Such objects would be structurally stable and well-defined, amenable to structural fine-tuning by changing the composition of individual monomers one at a time, to modulate channel diameter and polar/apolar features. Their channeling behavior will be studied in vesicles and planar bilayers and will be correlated to their structure. Such correlation will allow, for the first time in the field, to build predictive design capabilities. This multidisciplinary project will enrich my strong background on artificial membrane channels with foldamer chemistry and should be decisive to help me reaching an independent academic research position.

Keywords: synthetic membrane channels,helical foldamers,solid phase synthesis,membrane transport