Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Hilbert Modular Forms and Diophantine Applications (HMF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-07-20
End date: 2011-07-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161792.99
EU funding (EUR): 161792.99
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ideas of Frey, Serre, Ribet and Wiles connect Diophantine equations to Galois representations arising from automorphic forms. The most spectacular success in this direction is Wiles' amazing proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. The proof relates hypothetical solutions of the Fermat equation with elliptic modular forms which are the most basic (and best understood) of automorphic forms. It has become clear however, thanks to the work of Darmon and of Jarvis and Meekin, that the resolution of many other Diophantine problems lies through an explicit understanding of the more difficult Hilbert modular and automorphic forms. This project has the following aims: 1. Develop and improve algorithms for Hilbert modular forms and for automorphic forms on unitary groups. 2. To solve several cases of the generalized Fermat equation after making explicit the strategies of Darmon and of Jarvis and Meekin and computing/studying the relevant Hilbert modular forms. 3. To make precise and explicit certain instances of the Langlands programme.

Keywords: number theory,algebraic geometry,algorithms
Conical Wave pulses for phase-matched frequency conversion into the eXtreme-UV region (CONICX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2009-07-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 80433.81
EU funding (EUR): 80433.81
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the most promising applications envisaged in the near future for LASER physics in the ”extreme” nonlinear optical regime is efficient frequency conversion from the visible or near-infrared region into the extreme UV region (EUV). Table-top laser sources of EUV light give ready access to attosecond pulses and wavelengths in the 1-50 nm range, of great importance for example for applications in ultrafast spectroscopy, microscopy and high-density photo-lithography. However to date there is no broad-range phase matching mechanism that allows to achieve the maximum allowed (limited by absorption) conversion efficiency to EUV light. Hollow waveguides may be used at low intensities and gas pressures. Modulated waveguides have been used at higher intensities. Both these methods lack the possibility to arbitrarily choose the operating conditions (e.g. gas pressure or laser intensity) and they have an extremely limited tunability. We propose a novel phase-matching technique based on the use of conical pulses that allows to reach the absorption limit for any gas, pressure or EUV wavelength desired. Tunability is obtained by simple tuning of an imaging telescope. Conical pulses, for example the Bessel pulse or the X Wave, offer the possibility to tune the effective wave-vector of the laser pulse over an extremely broad range and thus phase-match any nonlinear interaction of interest - in this case, frequency conversion into the EUV region. Preliminar simulations using a propagation code for the laser pulse and based on an estimation of the coherence length, have already demonstrated the validity of the technique. Now we need to validate the idea experimentally and eventually with further simulations that also properly account for the full quantum nature of the EUV generation process. The goal therefore is to introduce a new technology that will lead to a significant advance in EUV physics and related applications.

Keywords: physical sciences,applied optics,laser physics
Identification of the molecular mechanisms whereby actin and myosin1b shape sorting endosomes (ENDOMYOSHAPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 163076.7
EU funding (EUR): 163076.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sorting events that occur in endosomes are very important for cellular trafficking of proteins and membranes along the endocytic pathway. The shape of sorting endosomes plays a major role in their function. However, the molecular mechanisms that control the shape of sorting endosomes are far from being elucidated. Motors and cytoskeleton can influence the shape of membranes, especially of high curvature, by establishing tension on membranes. I propose to study the role of an actin cytoskeleton-motor, myosin 1b (Myo1b), a mammalian class I myosin, in regulating the morphology of sorting endosomes. Myo1b localizes to sorting endosomes and when overexpressed increases the formation of tubules in endosomes. I hypothesize that Myo1b induces the formation of membrane tubules by recruiting actin filaments that generates a pulling force on endosomal membranes. The aim of my project is to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in tubule formation mediated by Myo1b in sorting endosomes in mammalian cells. First, I will identify the mechanism by which Myo1b localizes to sorting endosomes. Second, I will establish whether Myo1b recruits actin filaments to sorting endosomes. Third, I will show that Myo1b is required for the formation of tubules in membranes of sorting endosomes. Fourth, I will investigate which sorting events on endosomes are dependent on Myo1b function. These aims employ molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology and biophysics methodologies in a novel approach to study the shape of sorting endosomes. Ultimately, I wish to unravel the molecular mechanism whereby the Myo1b-dependent recruitment of actin to endosomes regulates endosomal morphology and endocytic trafficking.

Keywords: endosomes,actin cytoskeleton,myosin1b,sorting,trafficking,tubules,shape,cell biology
Fiber optic activation of serotonergic terminals during olfactory discrimination (FAST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-16
End date: 2010-10-15
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 92077.94
EU funding (EUR): 92077.94
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the central nervous system, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, or serotonin) acts as a neuromodulator and is synthetized by a specific population of neurons. 5-HT is released in nearly all subdivisions of the CNS and is involved in a wide array of brain functions as well as in several disorders. Although current hypotheses regarding the role of central 5-HT remain wide-ranging, a prominent view has progressively emerged from previous studies. A primary function of 5-HT might be to dampen sensory information processing while facilitating motor output. This "sensorimotor gating" hypothesis is supported by indirect evidence and has never been tested directly. This proposal aims at investigating the influence of 5-HT on olfactory performance. By using mice expressing a recently developed light-gated cation channel (Channelrhodopsin-2) in serotonergic neurons, we will be able to excite serotonergic afferents to the olfactory bulb through a fiber optic interface. Using this innovative method, we will interfere with the native modulation pattern of these afferents during olfactory discrimination. The effects of this manipulation will be assessed directly at the behavioral level. This novel experimental paradigm offers tremendous improvements compared to previous ones and is expected to provide unprecedented insights into the role of central 5-HT in sensory processing.

Keywords: serotonin,olfaction,sensory processing,neuromodulation,behavioral neuroscience,neurophysiology,central nervous system,channelrhodopsin
COccolithophores Morphology, BIogeography, geNetic and Ecology database (COMBINE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-18
End date: 2010-07-17
Duration (months): 23.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169908.95
EU funding (EUR): 169908.95
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Coccolithophores are unicellular calcifying algae that form a major component of the oceanic phytoplankton. They play a key role in the global carbon cycle as a pump of inorganic carbon to the deep ocean and to the sediment, and are responsible for a considerable part of the ocean/atmosphere exchange of climate relevant gases (CO2, DMS). In the context of global climate change, and especially ocean acidification, understanding the role of plankton in modulating oceanic biogeochemistry has become a critical interdisciplinary research priority, with the need of developing reliable quantitative knowledge of the biogeography and ecology of key groups at oceanic scale. COMBINE specifically aims (a) to develop modern techniques for accurate coccolithophore biodiversity assessment, (b) to apply them within the AMT program to produce a high quality reference database on Atlantic coccolithophore biogeography, (c) to use this database to produce reliable data on the autecology of key species, i.e. their affinities with physico-chemical parameters like temperature and pCO2, and (d) to use/develop a molecular genetic tool (COD-FISH) to investigate the ecology of haploid and diploid phases of the life-cycle of common coccolithophore species. Overall this will both develop our understanding of coccolithophore ecology at species-level and produce a robust quantitative model of their biogeography through the Atlantic, which will help predicting their role as booster/reducer of global warming and ocean acidification. COMBINE will be conducted at the NHM, London where the necessary instrumentation, expertise and AMT samples are available, and will involve the CEREGE, Aix en Provence and the SB, Roscoff for automatic coccolith recognition and coccolithophore genetics expertise. COMBINE will provide unique training to the candidate by developing and applying innovative techniques in cooperation with leading scientists as well as deliver a major contribution to their joint research.

Keywords: natural sciences,biogeography,coccolithophore,database,amt,autecology,ecology,molecular genetics,haploid,diploid,cod-fish
High fidelity quantum gates with trapped 43Ca+ ions (43CAQIP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159615.67
EU funding (EUR): 159615.67
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to create high fidelity quantum gates using qubits encoded in the hyperfine states of 43Ca+ trapped in a linear Paul trap. The use of magnetic field insensitive (m=0) states drastically decreases decoherence due to stray magnetic fields. We will investigate a number of entangling gates and set up simple error correction schemes. In particular, we plan to implement a number of quantum gates that rely on collective laser excitation of the ions. For this 43Ca+ offers the opportunity to use the narrow line width S-D quadrupole transition. This will make it possible to implement the collective laser excitation gate using magnetic field insensitive states, while greatly reducing decoherence due to spontaneous decay. These new types of quantum gates will be studied in this project in addition to quantum gate operations relying on Raman interactions mediated by a dipole transition. We expect the proposed research will provide an important step towards more demanding quantum computation. The fellowship will help to strengthen QIP research in the European Union while supplying ample opportunity for career development for the fellow.

Keywords: physical sciences,quantum information processing,ion trapping
Geometrical aspects of spin and vortex dynamics in electromagnetic and matter waves (SPIVOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-08-01
End date: 2011-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183468.21
EU funding (EUR): 183468.21
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project is intended to reveal a unifying nature and fundamental geometrical features of the spin and vortex dynamics of classical electromagnetic and quantum-mechanical matter waves. The Berry phase, Magnus effect, and spin-Hall effect are attracting ever-increasing interest of scientists because of their potential applications in nano-physics, spintronics, quantum computing, etc. Simultaneously, the modern optics (including nano-optics, photonics, and plasmonics) offers unique possibilities to test and apply fundamental quantum-mechanical ideas within classical systems. The striking similarities of the spin and vortex dynamics in electromagnetic and matter waves call for an in-depth theoretical analysis which will be given within the framework of the present project. We will carry out extensive theoretical investigations of the propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves in inhomogeneous and anisotropic media. A special attention will be paid to dynamics related to spin (polarization) and orbital (optical vortices) angular momenta of light. The research will be concentrated on various manifestations of spin-orbit-type interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic degrees of freedom of electromagnetic waves and quantum particles. We aim to develop a unifying theoretical approach to be able to describe specific features of behaviour of spins and vortices evolving in external fields. The approach will include the fundamental geometro-dynamical effects: the Berry phase, spin-Hall effect, and Magnus effect. Using scope of the host laboratory, we are going to perform experimental test of fine manifestations of these effects in classical optics, with potential applications to fiber optics, metamaterials, and remote sensing of turbulent atmosphere. We anticipate that realization of the project will contribute to the ability to control complex wave fields of different nature and, thus, will have a profound interdisciplinary impact and applications.

Keywords: wave propagation and scattering in inhomogeneous media,semiclassical dynamics of quantum particles,wave field singularities,geometric phases,dynamics of spin and orbital angular momentum
Control of coordinated migration by the differential activation of two GPCRs, CXCR4b and CXCR7 (CXCR7)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2009-04-30
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159261.86
EU funding (EUR): 159261.86
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Chemokines and their receptors (GPCRs –G-Protein Coupled Receptors) play important roles in biological processes such as embryonic development, inflammation, immunity and cancer. Therefore, a great amount of effort is directed to study their function and regulation. The SDF1 chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, are expressed by a wide range of human metastasis. They can also act as co-receptors for HIV-1 infection. Thus, these GPCRs have become important therapeutic targets. Tumour metastasis, as well as morphogenesis and wound healing involve the migration of cells as highly organized three-dimensional groups or as tissues. One such tissues is the zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium (pLLP), a group of about 100 cells that performs a stereotyped migration along the flanks of the embryo. As it migrates, the pLLP undergoes morphogenesis to generate seven to eight mechanosensory hair cell organs that it leaves in its wake. The pLLP migrates along a stripe of SDF1. CXCR4b is required at the leading edge while CXCR7 is expressed exclusively in the trailing cells which slow down and are deposited. Using the pLLP migration as a model system, I intend to study in vivo how the differential activation of two GPCRs responding to SDF1 can control different cell behaviours.

Keywords: health sciences,gpcr,cxcr7,cxcr4,sdf1,lateral line primordium,collective migration,morphogenesis,metastasis,time-lapse in vivo microscopy,transgenesis
Formal design methods for globally asynchronous/locally synchronous embedded computing systems (DYNAGALS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 111667.01
EU funding (EUR): 111667.01
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a novel approach to tackle the design-productivity gap existing in the field of complex and heterogeneous embedded computing systems. We take as a starting point the SystemJ programming language, which combines the data processing and encapsulation elegance of Java with with the reactivity and synchrony of Esterel and the asynchronous decoupling of CSP (that is, with rendezvous communications). Our research proposal aims at improving SystemJ in two directions: first for the formal verification of SystemJ programs, and second for the automatic synthesis of hardware/software embedded code. An implementation within a complete tool is also planned. These two goals will help SystemJ becoming one of the leading system-level design language for complex and heterogeneous embedded systems. The first goal (formal verification) is essential for the validation of the system under design. As embedded computing systems are often safety-critical, formal verification is a crucial feature for a system-level design tool. We shall use observer-based model-checking, with state-space reduction techniques. The second goal (code synthesis) is crucial too because it avoids the tedious and error-prone phase of manual coding from the high-level specification. Instead, we shall be able to generate automatically a mixed hardware and software implementation, proven to be faithful to the high-level specification written in SystemJ. Such a proof of faithfulness shall be based on the formal semantics of SystemJ. These scientific research results shall be implemented within a tool suite, and we shall conduct case studies to evaluate its practical usefulness for the design of embedded systems as well as its performances.

Keywords: computer engineering,software technology,programming languages,embedded systems,model checking,globally asynchronous locally synchronous systems,automated code synthesis
Characterization of Applied Magnetic Materials for Industrial Scale Products (CAMMISP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2010-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 216049.07
EU funding (EUR): 216049.07
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The fundamental technology change towards using ferromagnetic structures with perpendicular anisotropy as storage media that worldwide hard disk drive industry has recently started, is generating a tremendous interest in the development of novel materials as well as characterization methodologies for perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) applications. For the European research area and the European nanotechnologies industry it is imperative to gain worldwide leadership. A key factor in this direction is the professional training and career development of researchers with an enhanced competence and skill diversification encompassing fundamental physics and applied technology aspects. The main goal of the here proposed project is the professional training and career development of Dr. Vavassori, who will be provided with the knowledge and tools to tackle the scientific and technological challenges related to PMR media design and characterization. The project aims at achieving this goal by complementing the world-class expertise of the applicant in fundamental nano-magnetism and advanced magneto-optical tooling by supplementing it with additional knowledge of both applied physics quests and materials characterization methodologies related to PMR applications. The research training will be carried out using the world-class research facilities of the recently established nanoGUNE research centre and the long-standing experience of Dr. Berger, its lead scientific contributor, in the field of standard and innovative materials characterization for hard disk drives application. The inter-disciplinary expertise acquired during the research training will put him into an excellent position to build an entirely new research program and to effectively interface with leading industry researchers and developers in the future. This should strengthen not just his own research portfolio, but also the European excellence and competitiveness in the field of applied nano-magnetism.

Keywords: nanotechnology,nano-magnetism,measurement technology,experimental physics,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,applied optics,magnetic recording