Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Material-driven Fibronectin Fibrillogenesis to Engineer Synergistic Growth Factor Microenvironments (HEALINSYNERGY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1410755.2
EU funding (EUR): 1410755.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Cells within tissues are surrounded by fibrillar extracellular matrices (ECM) that support cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Fibronectin (FN) is an ECM protein organized into fibrillar networks by cells through an integrin-mediated process. This assembly allows the unfolding of the molecule, exposing cryptic domains not available in the native globular FN structure and activating intracellular signalling complexes. This project aims to engineer functional interfaces between living cells and synthetic biomaterials, making use of the fundamental role of fibronectin (FN) to direct cell-material interactions. First, we will engineer material surfaces able to direct the physiological organization of FN into fibrillar networks in absence of cells, so-called material driven fibronectin fibrillogenesis. These surfaces will trigger the organization of FN upon simple adsorption of FN from solutions and will provide a biomimetic interface better recognized by cells, since it resembles the nature ECM environment in tissues. The mechanisms that promote the organization of FN at the material interface will be elucidated making use of different FN fragments and key modifications of the protein. The enhanced cellular activities of the material-driven FN matrices will be used to direct the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), seeking to direct either cell lineage or multipotency in combination with the properties of the underlying surface. Secondly, we will engineer functional – living biointerphases, on which the intermediate layer of proteins between the material surfaces and the cell population is expressed on the surface of non-pathogenic bacteria. This radical idea will provide the field with a living interphase that consists of genetically modified bacteria with FN fragments in the membrane. These bacteria will be modified to secrete the desired proteins or factors in response to external stimuli, to direct the cell behavior of hMSCs.

Keywords: fibronectin bacteria human mesenchymal stem cells
Inverse Problems in Partial Differential Equations and Geometry (INVPROBGEOMPDE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2017-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1041240.0
EU funding (EUR): 1041240.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Inverse problems research concentrates on the mathematical theory and practical interpretation of indirect measurements. Applications are found in virtually every research field involving scientific, medical, or industrial imaging and mathematical modelling. Familiar examples include X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Inverse problems methods make it possible to employ important advances in modern mathematics in a vast number of application areas. Also, applications inspire new questions that are both mathematically deep and have a close connection to other sciences. This has made inverse problems research one of the most important and topical fields of modern applied mathematics. The research team proposes to study fundamental mathematical questions in the theory of inverse problems. Particular emphasis will be placed on questions involving the interplay of mathematical analysis, partial differential equations, and Riemannian geometry. A major topic in the research programme is the famous inverse conductivity problem due to Calderón forming the basis of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), an imaging modality proposed for early breast cancer detection and nondestructive testing of industrial parts. The geometric version of the Calderón problem is among the outstanding unsolved questions in the field. The research team will attack this and other aspects of the problem field, partly based on substantial recent progress due to the PI and collaborators. The team will also work on integral geometry questions arising in Travel Time Tomography in seismic imaging and in differential geometry, building on the solution of the tensor tomography conjecture in two dimensions obtained by the PI and collaborators in 2011. The research will focus on fundamental theoretical issues, but the motivation comes from practical applications and thus there is potential for breakthroughs that may lead to important advances in medical and seismic imaging.

Keywords: msc2010: 35r30 inverse problems,58jxx partial differential equations on manifolds,53c65 integral geometry
Quantum simulation of two-dimensional fermionic systems (QUFERM2D)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2017-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1243200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1243200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Two-dimensional fermionic systems show remarkable physical properties, not only of interest for fundamental science but also directed towards technological application. Two paradigmatic examples are layered high-Tc superconductors and graphene. However, despite of decades of investigations, their theoretical comprehension is far from being complete. In QuFerm2D, I propose to use atomic Fermi gases to study the physics of two-dimensional strongly correlated fermions. Indeed, ultracold atoms are “ideal” quantum simulators of many-body phenomena thanks to the unprecedented possibility of controlling most of the relevant parameters. I want to set up a new machine that will benefit of the recent advances in ultracold atomic system, such as single-site addressability and the full control of the interparticle interactions. Tailoring arbitrary optical potentials will create the perfect environment for implementing quantum models. I want to characterize both the normal and the superfluid phases of layered fermions. At high temperatures I will measure the equation of state to check the validity of the Fermi liquid description, pointing out also the role of fluctuations. In the superfluid regime, I will study the interlayer tunneling, discriminating the coherent Josephson dynamics from the single-particle hopping, and determining the superfluid energy gap. By adding disorder I want to simulate the physics of granular superconductors, testing the robustness of the order parameter and the onset of metallic phases at higher temperatures. The comprehension of these topics will be the natural background to implement the many-body Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonians in square and honeycomb lattices that are expected to unveil the microscopic mechanisms of high-Tc superconductors and of graphene in presence of strong interactions. I believe that the successful realization of this project will shed new light on the exciting and interdisciplinary field of strongly correlated fermions.

Keywords: atomic fermi gases,quasi-two dimensional systems,superfluidity,bec-bcs crossover,disorder,many-body hamiltonians,josephson tunneling,optical lattices,strongly-correlated fermions
Pioneering Heterogeneous Organometallic-Mediated Electrocatalytic Reactions (PIHOMER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1327116.0
EU funding (EUR): 1327116.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project pioneers the use of Heterogeneous Organometallic Mediated Electrocatalytic Reactions (HOMER) and our understanding thereof. Examples of electron transfer activation of C-H, C-Halide bonds and cycloaddition reactions of unactivated olefins are sought that are catalysed by appropriate combinations of electrochemically generated odd-electron (17-electron) organometallic “radical” complexes and 7-electron perhalogenated arylborane Lewis acidic radical species. The electrochemistry of a series of Group VI-IX transition metal half-sandwich complexes, empirically “Cp’M(CO)n” (where n=2 or 3 in order to satisfy the metal centre’s demand for an 18-electron configuration; Cp’ = η5-C5H4CO2R, where R = Me) will be explored both in the solution phase and covalently attached to an electrode surface. These chemically modified “HOMER platforms” will be exposed to a wide variety of hydrocarbon feedstocks during electrolysis, and evidence of C-H/C-halide bond activation sought. Optimization of the HOMER catalysts will be attempted by systematically varying the ligands within the complex.This includes a study of the electrochemistry of Group IV to VIII transition metal complexes bearing at least 1 borylcyclopentadienyl ligand that incorporates a Lewis acid group into the HOMER catalyst. Novel perchlorinated arylboranes, (C6F5)3-nB(C6Cl5)n n=1-3 “BArCl” recently reported by the PI and co-workers will be examined for their activity in Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP) activation of small molecules. An “electrochemical-FLP” (e-FLP) system will be pioneered by electrochemically oxidising the [BArClH]- products of FLP activation of H2 to produce [BArClH]• intermediates - a source of “H•”. The activation of small molecules via the e-FLP concept will be explored, and combined with suitable HOMER catalysts in an effort to generate e-FLP-HOMER systems capable of undergoing an electrocatalytic analogue of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction.

Keywords: organometallic synthesis,small molecule activation,frustrated lewis pairs,organometallic radicals,electrocatalysis,nanocarbons,arylboranes,metallocenes,green chemistry
Symplectic Aspects of Weak KAM theory. (SAW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 840000.0
EU funding (EUR): 840000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The least action principle is one of the most classical tools in the study of convex Hamiltonian systems. It consists in finding specific orbits by minimizing the Lagrangian action functional. Another powerful classical tool in Hamiltonian dynamics is the theory of canonical transformations, which provides a large class of admissible changes of coordinates, allowing to put many systems into simplified normal forms. These two tools are difficult to use simultaneously because the Lagrangian action does not behave well under canonical transformations. A large part of the development of symplectic geometry in the second half of the last century consisted in bridging this gap, by developing a framework encompassing a large part of both theories. For example, the direct study of the Hamiltonian action functional (which, as opposed to the Lagrangian action functional, behaves well under canonical transformations) allowed to recover, refine, and generalize beyond the convexity hypothesis, most of the results concerning the existence of periodic orbits which had been proved with the least action principle. Twenty years ago, under the impulsion of John Mather, a renewed use of the least action principle led to the proof of the existence of complicated invariant sets and unstable orbits. This collection of new methods has been called weak KAM theory in view of some similarities with the classical KAM theory. Weak KAM theory, however, uses the least action principle in such a fundamental way that it does not not enter yet into the symplectic framework. My project is to address this problem. This overarching goal federates a number of questions in weak KAM theory, in Hamiltonian dynamics, in symplectic geometry and even in partial differential equations which will be the starting directions of my investigations.

Keywords: conservative dynamics,minimizing measures,minimizing orbits,mather theory,hamilton-jacobi equation,viscosity solutions,symplectic geometry,lagrangian manifolds,unstability.
Magnonics Using Spin Torque, spin caloritronics, And Nanoplasmonic engineerinG (MUSTANG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My overall aim is to develop a Magnonic technology platform where Spintronic, Spin-Caloritronic and Nano-plasmonic devices and structures combine to create ground-breaking functionality from novel interactions between charge, spin, heat and light. With traditional Magnonic studies typically geared towards the low GHz range, and nanoplasmonic phenomena primarily focusing on visible light, my proposed platform will also attempt to bridge the so-called “THz gap” and create ultra-broadband and rapidly tuneable spin wave (SW) based signal generators, manipulators, detectors, and even spectrometers, in the 10–200 GHz frequency range. I will reach this goal by transferring my documented nano-contact spin torque oscillator (NC-STO) expertise into the magnonics world of both metal and insulator based SW propagation, add recently discovered spin hall (SHE) and inverse spin hall effect (ISHE) SW manipulation/detection, and combine it with my recently acquired know-how in nanoplasmonics. My specific aims are: 1. SW generation and manipulation using metal and YIG based NC-STOs 2. SW-light/heat interaction using nanoplasmonic structures and Spin-Caloritronics 3. ISHE/SHE detection and control of propagating SWs in metals and YIG

Keywords: magnonics,spin-caloritronics,nano-plasmonics,thz electronics
Quantum coherence and manipulation of a single flying electron spin (QSPINMOTION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In quantum nanoelectronics, one of the paradigms is to use quantum mechanics in order to build more efficient nanoprocessors. In this context, the electron spin has been identified as a good degree of freedom to store and to manipulate quantum information efficiently. The defined building block of this quantum computer strategy is called a spin qubit. Towards this goal, intense experimental efforts have been invested in AlGaAs heterostructures where quantum dots with only one electron can be realized. In such a system, all the basic operations of a quantum nanoprocessor have been demonstrated in spin qubits and they constitute a very promising platform to study spin dynamics at the single electron level. To scale up the spin qubit system, one has to be able to make two distant qubits interacting. The protocol consists in the exchange of a quantum particle between the two qubits. In this respect, one can take advantage of the fact that a single electron can be transported within nanostructures. Understanding how to preserve quantum information stored in the spin of an electron while transferring it between two quantum dot systems is of crucial importance. Recently, the PI has realized a first important step towards this goal, namely the realization of efficient single electron transfer between two distant quantum dots on a timescale faster than the spin decoherence time Here we propose to give a new dimension to the spin qubit system by investigating quantum coherence and manipulation of a single flying electron spin. Displacing coherently a single electron spin between two distant quantum dots not only represents a viable solution towards entanglement between distant qubits but also opens new ways of manipulating coherently electron spins via spin-orbit interaction. The new knowledge expected from these experiments is likely to have a broad impact extending from quantum spintronics to other areas of nanoelectronics.

Keywords: quantum dots
Hunting for high performance energy storage in batteries (HIPERBAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111012, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1497838.0
EU funding (EUR): 1497838.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the great challenges of this century is unquestionably energy storage. Storage is essential to make more efficient use of renewable energy sources and to enable electrical mobility. Recent developments have raised both hopes and fundamental challenges in the next generation Li batteries (including Li-ion and Li-air/Li-sulphur). Despite large research efforts, the improvement of battery performance over the last decades has been relatively small because the full potential of the storage materials is not utilized. Most of the attention has been devoted to the development of new electrode materials; however, marginal understanding has been achieved of the functioning of these materials in electrodes. The key problem is that established micro and macroscopic methods are not sensitive to the relevant time and length scales under the required in-situ conditions. Moreover, up to date calculational models do not represent the full complexity of the electrode systems. Using novel experimental and calculational approaches this project aims at fundamental understanding and improvement of Li electrodes. This requires a broad multidisciplinary approach, ranging from nuclear magnetic resonance probing nanoscopic charge transfer to in-situ neutron depth profiling exploring the mesoscopic charge transport. Calculations will combine the complex solid state diffusion in storage materials with the mesoscopic charge transport through the electrodes. By systematic variation of the electrode micro and nanostructure, this will lead to deep fundamental understanding. This project will be the first major systematic study on the fundamentals of complete electrodes. By bringing our current understanding from the level of the storage material towards complete electrodes, it will also pave the way to optimal high performance energy storage in batteries. The impact on society cannot be overstated as energy storage is a key enabler for the use of renewable energy and electrical transport.

Keywords: energy storage materials,nanoionics
Next Generation of Heat Pumps working with Natural fluids. (NXTHPG)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Energy efficiency and savings
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Sweden,Italy,Italy,Switzerland,Norway,France,Sweden,Belgium,Spain,Italy
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2012-1-2STAGE, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3821985.0
EU funding (EUR): 2656427.0
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the project is the development of several reliable, safe, high efficiency and high capacity heat pumps working with the two most promising natural refrigerants: Hydrocarbons and CO2, together with a set of improved components and auxiliary devices adequate for the efficient and safe use of the two refrigerants. The project aims to reach a higher efficiency (10-20% SPF improvement) and lower Carbon footprint (20% lower TEWI) than the current state of the art HFCs/HFOs or Sorption heat pumps. The costs shall be very similar or slightly higher than the latter systems (10%). The project will also focus on the development of an efficient capacity modulation in order to enhance the integration capability with other renewable sources in the energy systems of Buildings and Industry. In this sense, if the project is successful, it will clearly bring a definitive step forward to overcome the barriers holding back the spread of natural refrigerants by proving that a new generation of heat pumps based on HCs and CO2 is perfectly feasible and commercially competitive. The first objective of the project is the identification of the cases in which the use of Natural refrigerants can lead to cost effective and high efficient solutions with a fast commercial exploitation. The following cases have already been identified for their potential interest: - Hydrocarbons (HCs): air or water to water heat pumps supplying hot water at (40-50ºC) for heating applications as well as to produce sanitary hot water at 60ºC. - CO2: heat pump of high capacity to produce sanitary hot water at 60ºC directly from city water (10-15ºC). Designs with higher temperatures in the range 70-90ºC should be also explored. The project involves 6 key industrial partners (component manufacturers and heat pump manufacturers) who will strongly cooperate with the RTD partners in order to achieve the targeted goals as well as to evaluate the necessary costs and measures to successfully bring the developed technology to the market.

Keywords: heat pumps,hc compressors,high efficiency,natural refrigerants,high capacity,building sector,smart integration