Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Reconciling Biodiversity and Development through Direct Payments for Conservation (REDIRECT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1027633.0
EU funding (EUR): 1027633.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will help to meet the vital need for empirical research into the theory and practice of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). PES approaches to conservation have become rapidly more popular in the last few years, driven by compelling evidence of their effectiveness compared with indirect approaches to financing conservation. This research will exploit a current opportunity to build robust research protocols into the initial design of a PES scheme, thus allowing credible research into its outcomes. This will be undertaken through work with selected communities around the Nyungwe National Park in Rwanda. Communities will be offered cash transfers, contingent on their performance in relation to a set of conservation indicators. One of the great advantages of this project location is the availability of high quality ranger monitoring that, for example, provides regular geo-referenced data on the location of snares, tree-felling and other illicit activities. The outcomes of this experiment will be investigated through interdisciplinary research based on four main types of data. Firstly, data on forest user behaviour, based on the ranger data and additional transect studies; secondly, livelihood surveys that build an understanding of relationships between communities and park resources; thirdly, qualitative data, based on interviews and focus groups, to build an understanding of the social dynamics arising from introduction of the PES scheme; fourthly, public goods games to elicit data on attitudes towards the Park. The research findings will be of use to a wide range of African and international agencies with an interest in better understanding ways of reconciling biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation. The results will provide a timely input to our understanding of the theory and practice of PES schemes.

Keywords: biodiversity,conservation,livelihoods,poverty,forests,payments for environmental services,rwanda
Collective and cell-autonomous dynamics of the genetic oscillators of the segmentation clock in zebrafish somitogenesis (SEGCLOCKDYN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1550000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1550000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The subdivision of the vertebrate embryo into repeating segments called somites, from which the muscles and bones will grow, is one of the oldest problems in developmental biology, recognized by Malpighi in the 1600s. This proposal focuses on the composition, function and dynamics of a population of genetic oscillators (termed the segmentation clock) that couples the spatial elongation of the embryo with the serial formation of somites. The research proposal outlines molecular, cellular, embryological and biophysical approaches to understanding these complex temporal and spatial phenomena in the zebrafish embryo. The work delves into three main areas: identification of oscillator components, control of oscillator frequency, and coordination of the oscillations in space and time. Novel methods and technologies to measure spatial growth rates, genetic oscillations, and signaling events in real-time in the growing embryo are proposed. Mathematical simulation and analytic physical theory to describe both morphological dynamics and microscopic biochemical mechanisms are to be developed in parallel with the biological experiments. The application of theory and experiment to the segmentation clock will give a unified framework in which to make and test physical theories of collective processes and their precision and robustness in developing systems. Coordination of the field of cells that gives rise to somites by synchronized genetic oscillations is a novel paradigm for patterning tissues, raising the possibility that genetic oscillations may be widely used in embryonic patterning, differentiation and morphogenesis. Analysis of the segmentation clock should provide the key concepts and methods to explore such systems.

Keywords: synchronization,coupling,frequency,period,ginzberg-laundau,gene network
Water Resource Data Integration and Model Development for Management and Sustainability of River-Basin Resources (IDOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Cyprus
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The most important directive in terms of research adopted by the EU is the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The recent trend towards sustainable development has imparted renewable resources such as water a more significant role in the river-basin plan of a country. The overall aim of this project is to develop methods and tools in order to strengthen and build capacity to achieve integrated water-resources management to support the development of a river-basin management plan in accordance with the WFD. In this project, we seek to develop a GIS framework that will be used to better assist decision-makers devise strategies for the management and planning of river-basin systems. The framework will couple the strengths of the Arc Hydro data model, the Hydrological Modeling System (HYMOS) and CYMOS in Cyprus with modeling procedures in a way that economics, environmental impact, sustainability, and planning issues will be integrated in a decision support procedure for economic analysis. The project will be carried out in close cooperation with the Water Development Department and other Cyprus government departments. Key datasets/thematic layers will include: hydrogeology, water level, water quantity, and water quality data, topography, hydrographic and climatic data, streams, drainage areas, channels, surface terrain, rainfall regime, soils, and digital orthophotography. GIS will be used as the primary environment for analysis including pre- and post-processing of data for modeling exercises, data integration, management, investigation and visualization. A project relational geo-database will developed for use t

Keywords: environmental science
Laser based photoemission: revolutionizing the spectroscopy of correlated electrons (LASER-ARPES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Switzerland,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1450825.0
EU funding (EUR): 1450825.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

It is proposed to develop a novel instrument for angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) by combining a laser based ultraviolet light source with a state-of-the-art electron spectrometer. This combination will be unique in Europe and will push this important technique to an entirely new level of resolution, comparable to the thermal broadening at 1 K and nearly an order of magnitude lower than the resolution achievable in practical ARPES experiments with the latest synchrotron light sources. The low photon energy of this new source will also markedly enhance the bulk sensitivity of ARPES and thus enable the investigation of interesting materials that were not accessible so far. These new capabilities will be used to study the subtle quantum many-body states of correlated electrons in transition metal oxides, a frontier topic in condensed-matter physics. Specifically, we will focus on electronic instabilities in perovskites and elucidate how different degrees of freedom play together to determine the often vastly different properties of chemically closely related materials. Moreover, we will apply modern electron spectroscopy to correlated molecular solids with complex phase diagrams that challenge existing theory for satisfactory explanations. This field is largely unexplored but is fundamental for advances in molecular electronics.

Keywords: photoemission,arpes,correlated electrons,perovskites,transition metal oxides,organic molecular films
Hydrogen interaction with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – from interstellar catalysis to hydrogen storage (HPAH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499810.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499810.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In a truly cross-disciplinary research project encompassing surface science, astrophysics and chemistry we aim to address two of the major outstanding questions in the field of astrochemistry, namely i) how molecular hydrogen, the most abundant molecule in the interstellar medium, form, and ii) whether it is possible to identify specific Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) species in interstellar spectra. The insights gained from the experimental investigations may revolutionize our current understanding of astrochemistry and will have impact even beyond the field. Special emphasis will be placed on the impact our findings will have on ascertaining the suitability of PAHs as a hydrogen storage medium. By combining scanning tunneling microscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, laser-induced thermal desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry, fluorescence spectroscopy experiments and density functional theory calculations we will map out the interaction of atomic hydrogen with PAHs. The goal of the investigation is to obtain atomic level understanding of the atomic hydrogen – PAH interaction in order to i) ascertain whether interstellar molecular hydrogen formation, contrary to present belief but in accordance with our recent calculations, could occur predominantly via interaction with PAHs, ii) measure the adsorption/emission spectrum of Hydrogen-PAH complexes and thereby facilitate observational detection of these complexes in the interstellar medium, iii) determine whether PAHs are a promising medium for hydrogen storage and iv) ascertain whether the hydrogen storage properties of PAHs are tunable by electro-magnetic radiation. This ambitious and cross-disciplinary research project will predominantly take place at the newly established Surface Dynamics Laboratory at the University of Aarhus, headed by the applicant, but will also benefit from fruitful collaborations already initiated with local, national and international colleagues.

Keywords: astrochemistry,hydrogen storage,interstellar chemistry,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Biological ions in the gas-phase: New techniques for structural characterization of isolated biomolecular ions (BIOIONS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 81.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1250000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1250000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent intensive research on the laser spectroscopy of neutral gas-phase biomolecules has yielded a detailed picture of their structures and conformational preferences away from the complications of the bulk environment. In contrast, work on ionic systems has been sparse despite the fact that many important molecular groups are charged under physiological conditions. To address this probelm, we have developed a custom-built laser spectrometer, which incorporates a distincitive electrospray ionisation (ESI) cluster ion source, dedicated to producing biological anions (ATP,oligonucleotides) and their microsolvated clusters for structural characterization. Many previous laser spectrometers with ESI sources have suffered from producing &quot;hot&quot; congested spectra as the ions were produced at ambient temperatures. This is a particularly serious limitation for spectroscopic studies of biomolecules, since these systems can possess high internal energies due tothe presence of numerous low frequency modes. Our spectrometer overcomes this problem by exploiting the newly developed physics technique of &quot;buffer gas cooling&quot; to produce cold ESI molecular ions. In this proposal, we now seek to exploit the new laser-spectrometer to perform detailed spectroscopic interrogations of ESI generated biomolecular anions and clusters. In addition to traditional ion-dissociation spectroscopies, we propose to develop two new laser spectroscopy techniques (Two-color tuneable IR spectroscopy and Dipole-bound excited state spectroscopy) to give the broadest possible structural characterizations of the systems of interest. Studies will focus on ATP/GTP-anions, olignonucleotides, and sulphated and carboxylated sugars. These methodologies will provide a general approach for performing temperature-controlled spectroscopic characterizations of isolated biological ions, with measurements on the corresponding micro-solvated clusters providing details of how the molecules are perturbed by solvent.

Keywords: laser spectroscopy gas-phase ions biological ions
QCD thermodynamics on the lattice (QCDTHERMO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1300000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1300000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperature and non-zero density describes phenomena relevant to the early universe and heavy-ion collisions. The applicability of perturbation theory is limited to large temperatures and densities. We plan to use lattice simulations to study QCD thermodynamics. There are different regularizations of QCD on the lattice. The computationally most effective one is the staggered formulation, while Wilson or chiral fermions are theoretically more established. We have to distinguish studies at vanishing baryon densities from the ones concerning non-zero density. At vanishing densities the order of the QCD transition between the hadronic phase and the quark-gluon plasma was studied using staggered fermions. In the physical, continuum limit the transition was found to be a crossover. The transition temperature has also been determined. These studies should be and will be extended using Wilson and chiral fermions. This way the staggered results can be checked. At non-vanishing densities direct lattice simulations are prohibited by the infamous sign problem. Recently the multi-parameter reweighting method was developed to study moderate densities using simulations at zero baryon density. The phase diagram as well as the critical point of QCD was determined using staggered fermions with a single lattice resolution. We plan to extend these studies in two ways. In the first step finer lattices will be studied with staggered fermions and a continuum extrapolation will be attempted. In the second step Wilson and possibly chiral fermions will be used. At large densities where the sign problem is the most severe the density of states method will be used. Based on our experience with PC clusters we will build a new, high performance cluster to achieve these goals. The establishment of a strong new research group certainly will improve the competitivity of the European lattice community.

Keywords: lattice gauge theories
HISTORY OF THE FRENCH POLITICAL SCIENCE LEXICON (HFPSL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 600945.0
EU funding (EUR): 600945.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The scientific research project submitted to the ERC intends to examine the creation of the French political science lexicon from a linguistic point of view. Most of the Political science vocabulary that the French language uses today comes from the translations from Latin and Greek into French during the 14th and 15th centuries. Historians and philosophers have noticed that the 14th century is an essential period for neologisms in the political science field. But no scientific research has been yet conducted to prove it, especially because of the lack of modern editions of the texts. The scientific project submitted to the ERC can be developed in three parts during the next 5 academic years: 1/ an edition of a major political science masterpiece in Middle French from the 14th century that has never been published before (years 1 to 5) : The City of God written by Augustine and translated by Raoul de Presles. The modern edition of the first translation of the City of God will allow researchers to have an easy access to primary sources in order to lead new research in linguistics, history, political sciences, and more generally in Humanities. 2/ a publication of a scientific monograph on the French political science lexicon (year 4). Indeed, such a scientific monograph will give a panoramic overview of the French Political Science Lexicon and will allow researchers to better understand the history of French concepts in Humanities. 3/ a publication of a Dictionary of Political Science (year 5). Finally, a dictionary in historical political science will facilitate our knowledge of the evolution of words in that particular field, from the Middle Ages to the 21st century.

Keywords: evolution of language,historical linguistics,lexicology,building new concepts in politics,links between religion and politics
Evaluation of microbial food hazards and study of the effect of novel food processes on the virulence of foodborne pathogens (FOODPATH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-01
End date: 2010-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The guarantee of Food Safety and Quality along the food chain is the principal demand of the European citizen. To establish effective control measures that guarantee Food Safety and Quality “from farm to table”, it is necessary to identify and resolve the problems originating from different microbial hazards, which have been creating continuous food alerts. Consequently, there is a need to understand microbial resistance mechanisms with regard to food production and preservation processes, as well as to develop and optimise strategies for practical and effective implementation of analytical methodologies in the food industry. The objective of this proposal is to tackle fundamental and applied aspects in Food Safety and Quality, being focused on the characterisation and quantification of food hazards via the development and implementation of novel molecular diagnostic strategies. This will allow the identification, characterisation and quantification of microbial food contaminants. In addition, one of the priorities of this research project is the dissection of microbial resistance strategies and their effects on virulence modulation. The genes and metabolic pathways involved in the persistence of microorganisms along the food production process and in the resistance to emerging food preservation technologies will be determined and characterised.

Keywords: foodborne pathogens,virulence,adaptation to stress,food preservation,food microbiology diagnostics
High-throughput integrated photonic lab-on-a-DVD platforms (HIP-LAB)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1717200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1717200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main aim of the proposed research line is to develop high-throughput highly sensitive photonic lab-a-DVD platforms for multiple parallel analysis with an extremely high degree of integration. The already existing high-throughput platforms only use the CD platform as a substrate, without any given functionality, conversely, in this research line, in the DVD platform it is proposed the integration of the following elements: (i) polymeric photonic components (high-sensitivity Mach-Zehnder interferometers, diffraction gratings and hollow prisms). (ii) polymeric microfluidics (hydrophobic valves and mixers). (iii) Chemical modification of the surface with functional groups prone to interact with the specific analyte and (iv) the necessary information in the DVD tracks to allow the usage of the proposed system in modified DVD readers. Additionally, a new set-up will be mounted, in which a second DVD-header will be incorporated, in such a way that simultaneous high-throughput photonic measurements could be easily performed. Clearly, as compared to the existing platforms, the presented research line requires the establishment of a dynamic multidisciplinary group comprising experts of photonics, microfluidics and (bio)chemistry and the results obtained therein will allow the definition of an advanced photonic high-throughput lab-on-a-DVD platform that will definitely have a large number of application fields, ranging from molecular diagnosis to analytical chemistry or proteomics.

Keywords: high-throughput platforms,lab-on-a-cd,polymer technology