Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of signaling induced by receptor tyrosine kinase endocytosis (TRAFFIC PROTEOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2012-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 206129.0
EU funding (EUR): 206129.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Stimulated Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) regulate several key cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and transformation, by activating specific intracellular signaling pathways. Endocytosis, the process by which cells internalize and sort RTKs for either degradation or recycling, is a potent regulator of signal transduction specificity and cellular outcomes. Several RTKs have been shown to escape from the canonical degradative route under certain conditions, resulting in signaling amplification - which often results in tumorigenesis. In particular, EGFR and FGFRs follow opposite endocytic routes upon stimulation by different ligands. This application focuses on EGFR and FGFRs as model systems to define signaling cascades that are specifically regulated by the different endocytic pathways. We will integrate an unbiased data-driven approach consisting of quantitative proteomics, based on high-resolution mass-spectrometry in combination with proteome-wide metabolic incorporation of stable isotopes, followed by proper functional assays to validate the results. This system biology approach will shed light on some previously uncharacterized aspects of RTK signaling regulation at the whole-cell level, gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying endocytosis-driven cellular responses. Since aberrant RTK signaling is a hallmark of various diseases, such as many cancers, the implications of our studies extend beyond basic research, offering the opportunity to identify novel therapeutic targets, e.g. for the development of anti-cancer drugs. These objectives are part of European research’s efforts to elucidate physiological processes, search for pathogenic events and novel targets and contribute to the technological progress of protein research.

Keywords: cell biology,receptor tyrosine kinases (rtks),cell signaling,endocytosis,post-translational modifications (ptms),mass-spectrometry,quantitative proteomics
Molecular and Immune Mechanisms Underlying Bovine Lameness (MIMUBLKO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-18
End date: 2012-10-17
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177374.2
EU funding (EUR): 177374.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Lameness is one of the most serious health and welfare disorders in the dairy industry. Research into the detection of, causes of, and treatments for lameness have focused on gait scoring and environmental effects on hoof disorders. However these methods have limited usefulness when it comes to early lameness detection. Gait scoring methodologies are subjective and have low repeatability, and hoof injuries only become visible 2 to 3 months after the initial insult to the hoof. Early and accurate lameness detection means overall prognosis and the welfare of cows is improved. Previous studies that have used a molecular approach to identifying biomarkers of lameness were confounded because the researchers did not differentiate between different types of hoof disorder, which have various aetiologies. Moreover, the studies did not attempt to determine whether any potential biomarkers would be useful for early identification of cows at risk of lameness. The degree to which lameness affects animal health may be influenced to a large part by leukocytes of the immune system. Neutrophils are phagocytic granulocytes of the innate immune system, are plentiful in bovine blood, and provide a crucial first-line defense against invading pathogens. Gene expression profiles in these cells are affected by stress (e.g. transportation stress). Cows display a physiological stress and sickness response to lameness, and thus investigation into the usefulness of changes in neutrophil gene expression as objective measures of lameness onset is warranted. Initially we will investigate changes in the physiological stress response and gene expression profiles in neutrophils of cows that have lameness caused by claw horn disorders. We will then investigate levels of expression of identified biomarkers in cows with various lameness severity. Finally we aim to investigate whether identified biomarkers could be used as early indicators of claw horn disorder development.

Keywords: natural sciences,dairy cow,lameness,immune system
Reactive Oxygen Species and the Evolution of Life Histories (ROSELH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2014-06-13
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 275525.9
EU funding (EUR): 275525.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The target of this proposal is ageing and its association with reproduction, immunity and behaviour. This is an area of biology that has intrigued every generation since Aristotle (c. 300 BC). We assess how free radicals (reactive oxygen species), so often identified as factors of ageing and immune disorders, exert selection on living organisms and whether resistance (and defence) towards free radicals may drive evolution of ageing in the wild. In particular, we study (i) how free radicals, the defence systems associated with them and the reproductive and the immune system interact to shape life history trade-offs, (ii) how free radicals impact on survival in the wild and, (iii) how epigenetic factors such as maternal hormones contribute to the formation of behavioural phenotypes (personalities) with different free radical profiles. This project integrates field studies and laboratory experiments using two uniquely suited model species (the Australian Painted dragon lizard and the zebra finch) and combines them with state-of-the-art molecular techniques to investigate variation in free radical production and defences. In spite of excellent work in the laboratory, this is one of the first attempts to study free radicals in the 'real world' and will extend Europe’s excellent reputation in evolutionary biology.

Keywords: ageing,oxidative stress,free radicals,antioxidants,oxidative burst,maternal effects,cognitive ability,selection,life history trade-offs,evolutionary biology,animal physiology
Quantum engineering of ultracold atoms in optical lattices (SINGLEATOMS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161661.0
EU funding (EUR): 161661.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ultracold atoms in optical lattices hold the potential as ideal testbeds for many condensed matter models such as those related to high-Tc superconductivity. Due to their high degree of purity and regularity, they are also a candidate for a scalable quantum computation architecture. Until now, however, it has not been possible to address individual sites of optical lattices with a sufficiently tight spacing to allow for a substantial nearest neighbour coupling through tunnelling. Our experimental setup implements this feature using a specially designed lens system with a resolution smaller than the lattice spacing. With this, it will be possible to observe and manipulate density, spin structure, and correlations at the scale of a lattice site. Using this new tool, we propose to investigate steady-state and dynamical properties of low-dimensional systems, which were out of reach of all previous experiments. We also plan to engineer fast, high-fidelity, quantum gates and to build massively entangled systems as a resource for quantum computation.

Keywords: atomic physics,ultracold gases,condensed matter,strongly correlated systems,quantum information
Towards a dynamic institutional theory of entrepreneurship: How national institutions shape the triggers, timing, and types of entrepreneurial processes in innovation-intensive industries (INSTITUTIONS&E.SHIP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162054.1
EU funding (EUR): 162054.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

It is a stylized fact that prospective entrepreneurs differ in how they proceed to found new firms. Interestingly, though, the literature on process-oriented entrepreneurship does not provide a theory on how national institutions influence the behaviour of prospective entrepreneurs. The proposed project seeks to close this gap. The analytical framework is derived from the literature on national institutions, including theories on the ‘market based view’, ‘national innovation systems’ and ‘varieties of capitalism’. These strands illustrate how institutional differences shape business practices of established firms. Extending these insights to prospective entrepreneurs, the project explores three hypotheses. 1) Rigid labour-market institutions increase the likelihood that potential entrepreneurs start new businesses out of necessity. 2) National institutions influence the order and timing in which business factors are acquired. 3) Institutional differences determine the ‘windows of opportunity’ during which prospective entrepreneurs need to have acquired necessary business factors, as they will otherwise give up their endeavour. To test these hypotheses, German and US inventors are interviewed who hold highly cited patents with commercial applicability in high-tech industries. The interviews will be analysed with ‘optimal matching techniques’ to reveal how national institutions shape the triggers, order, timing, and ‘windows of opportunities’ of firm foundation processes. The insights gained are of highest relevance to economic policy-makers, management scholars and political scientists alike. The combined research stays at Columbia University (New York, USA) and Utrecht University (Netherlands) offer a unique opportunity to complete the project by allowing me to gain new theoretical knowledge in entrepreneurship studies, to broaden my methodological skills, and to support Utrecht University in becoming a Europe-wide leader in ecological entrepreneurship research.

Keywords: social sciences,entrepreneurship processes,institutional theory,technology transfer,windows of opportunity,innovation-intensive industries,sequence analyses
Real-time decoding of conscious and non-conscious perceptual events in the human brain (CODEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174162.4
EU funding (EUR): 174162.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The decoding of brain states using machine learning techniques has become a widely used approach in many areas of neuroscience research. The performance of the classifier under different conditions, as well as the &quot;by products&quot; of the decoding process, can be used to make inferences about how the brain encodes information. Decoding methods are also central to the development of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) where decoding is done in real-time. Non-invasive real-time decoding techniques have obvious control applications, but less obvious is their potential as a research tool. One of the most exciting prospects for real-time decoding in basic neuroscience research is the potential to modify the sensory context in response to brain events as they happen, or perhaps even slightly before they happen, in order to study the correspondence between brain states and subjective states in a very direct way. This points to a key distinction in real-time decoding: the discrimination of one brain state from another given that the time of occurrence is fixed or known, versus the asynchronous detection of a particular brain state – the decoder remains idle, but attentive, and responds only when the particular state is detected. Recent advances in non-invasive BCI research along the latter front (high detection rates, very low false-alarm rates, very short latency) demonstrate that such an experimental approach is indeed feasible. Our aim is to use asynchronous real-time decoding to study the onset of movement intention and the onset of conscious sensory events. The former will find applications in the study of forward models and in schizophrenia research. The latter can be developed into a novel diagnostic and clinical tool. In both cases we will study the performance of the decoder across a range of latencies in order to gain insight into the buildup toward a conscious neural event, in the context of evidence-accumulation models of perception and decision-making.

Keywords: natural sciences,health sciences,technological sciences,neuroscience,machine learning,brain-computer interface,conscious perception,volition,intention
Durable disease resistance in wheat: similar molecular defense mechanisms against adapted and non-adapted pathogens? (DURES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 256807.4
EU funding (EUR): 256807.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fungal diseases constitute a major threat to wheat production worldwide. Growing durably resistant crop is the most profitable and environmentally friendliest strategy to control plant pests. The combination of three to five partial adult plant resistance genes with additive effects results in wheat varieties with adequate levels of durable resistance. The two loci Lr34 and Lr46 confer durable, partial, and race non-specific protection against the three devastating fungal diseases wheat leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. We have recently shown that the Lr34 broad-spectrum resistance is controlled by a single gene encoding a PDR-like ABC transporter. We have evidence that the ‘homoeologous Lr34-copies’ on the A and B genomes of hexaploid wheat also play a role in basal defense against adapted and non-adapted pathogens. Hence we plan to shed light upon the molecular function of these ‘homoeologous Lr34-copies’ and to elucidate their role in basal and non-host resistance. Lr34 triple mutants, defective in all three ‘homoeologous Lr34-copies’, will be developed and analyzed for impairment in response to infections with adapted and non-adapted rust pathogens. Map-based isolation of Lr46 is well advanced. Sequencing of the target interval revealed the presence of thirteen candidate genes predicted to encode proteins with similarities to kinases, glycoside hydrolases, and hexose carriers. Despite similar resistance phenotypes, Lr34 and Lr46 seem to encode for different proteins, suggesting that a diverse set of proteins belonging to different families contribute to durable disease resistance in wheat. We will complete cloning of Lr46, characterize its molecular function, and find interaction partners of Lr34 and Lr46 to get an idea of the molecular pathways that contribute to durable disease resistance. The Lr34/Lr46 system provides an ideal model to study the molecular principles of durability and additive effects.

Keywords: crop protection,plant genetics,molecular markers and recognition,genetic mapping,fungal pathogens of plants
Labour market behaviour and migration: a cross-national comparison of the relationship between occupational and geographical mobility in late-modern societies. (MOBILITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 87451.6
EU funding (EUR): 87451.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project will address the link between geographical and social mobility by examining the relationship of individuals’ occupational mobility and their geographical mobility behaviour in the life course. The investigation of the patterns of occupational mobility in connection with geographical mobility will provide insights into career pathways in late-modern societies and so will add to the understanding of the labour market behaviour of people and households. In a broader sense the research seeks to give answer to the question whether there is a rationale for geographical mobility (in order to experience upward occupational mobility) in late-modern societies. Research on the dynamics of employment instability, job mobility and geographical mobility also add to our understanding of social inequality structures. To accomplish this aim, firstly, longitudinal information will be obtained as traditional cross-sectional approaches to longitudinal research cannot capture trajectories of individual life histories and dynamic processes that underlie social change. Secondly, nation-specific structural and institutional contexts with regard to labour markets and related markets such as the housing market and the educational system need to be considered as they shape opportunities and constraints, and in this way influence the choices people make. For that purpose, Germany and Great Britain are chosen for comparison as both countries belong to different welfare regimes. Accordingly, the mobility regimes also differ in both countries. Given the longitudinal requirements of the research objective panel datasets will be used that cover a broad range of social science including employment, residential mobility and housing conditions. For that reason, the German Socio-Economic Panel and the British Household Panel will be consulted.

Keywords: social sciences,social geography,labour market economics,social changes,sociology of labour,demography
Biological patinA for arcHaeological and Artistic Metal ArtefactS (BAHAMAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172565.2
EU funding (EUR): 172565.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The nature of the corrosion products present on the surface of artistic and archaeological metal artefacts is intrinsically related to the environmental context (atmospheric or burial). In order to effectively protect and inhibit the corrosion of such metal objects, the practices adopted should take into account the nature of the patina and its corrosion behaviour. However, the treatments so far employed are organic protective coatings, which do not consider the difference in terms of patina composition and corrosion products stability and simply create a barrier against aggressive environments in a non-selective way. A multidisciplinary project BAHAMAS is here proposed for developing an alternative biological treatment as a novel approach for the conservation-restoration of metal artefacts. The research activity aims at chemically and specifically modifying existing corrosion products into more stable and less soluble compounds while maintaining the surface’s physical appearance. Some species of fungi have been already reported for their ability to transform metal compounds into metal oxalates, which are known to be insoluble and high protective compounds towards corrosion. Thus, the participants will exploit this potential for the transformation of existing corrosion patinas into metal oxalates. Some promising results have been obtained after a first attempt on bronze standards with copper hydroxysulphates and copper hydroxychlorides patinas. The research work will investigate the formation mechanisms and adhesion properties of the newly formed metal oxalates on different metal substrates (copper, iron and silver), which are frequently found in cultural heritage artworks. The collaboration between the Swiss National Museums, the University of Neuchâtel and the researcher will allow the creation of a unique interdisciplinary team and will represent a key aspect for the accomplishment of this innovative research issue in the field of conservation science.

Keywords: art works preservation,art works restoration,metal artefacts,applied chemistry and microbiology
Transboundary Maritime Spatial Planning (TRANSMASP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151900.0
EU funding (EUR): 151900.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From a public law and policy perspective, the TransMasp (Transboundary Maritime Spatial Planning) project will explore the impact of legal and natural boundaries in the implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning which is a tool to integrate sea use management. Despite of a strong request from International and European Union policy documents, transboundary aspects of Maritime Spatial Planning as well as its articulation with Land Spatial Planning are not yet scientifically handled. TransMasp will analyse a case study: the French-Belgian marine and coastal zone boundary (the Pas-de-Calais French region and the Belgian coastline). In this area, both countries share the same sandbanks, its rich biodiversity and substantial human activities (maritime transport, tourism, fisheries...). The case site is divided by the sea-land natural boundary and the French-Belgian legal boundary. Analysing it, TransMasp will investigate opportunities and constraints to develop a common Maritime Spatial Planning for a particular transboundary area. It will test the potential of Maritime Spatial Planning to ensure an effective ecosystem management across boundaries. Theoretically, this research work will further contribute to the understanding and development of the concept of Maritime Spatial Planning, its relation with Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Ecosystem Approach. It will combine those three theories in order to confront a fundamental question: how to keep sea use management coherent in a transboundary context?

Keywords: comparative law,environmental law,european law,international law,public law,law of the sea,social sciences,coastal zone management,fisheries management,involving society