Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Authoritarianism2.0: The Internet, Political Discussion, and Authoritarian Rule in China (AUTHORITARIANISM2.0:)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499780.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499780.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

I suggest that perceptions of diversity and disagreement voiced in the on-line political discussion may play a key role in mobilizing citizens to voice their views and take action in authoritarian regimes. The empirical focus is the Chinese Internet. Subjective perceptions of group discussion among participants can significantly differ from the objective content of the discussion. These perceptions can have an independent effect on political engagement. Novel is also that I will study which technological settings (blogs, Weibo (Twitter), public hearings, etc) facilitate these perceptions. I will address these novel issues by specifying the conditions and causal mechanisms that facilitate the rise of online public opinion. As an expansion to prior work, I will study passive in addition to active participants in online discussion. This is of particular interest because passive participants outnumber active participants. My overall aim is to deepen our knowledge of how participants experience online political discussion in stabilizing or destabilizing authoritarian rule. To this end, I propose to work with one post-doc and two PhD research assistants on four objectives: Objective 1 is to explore what kinds of people engage in online discussions and differences between active and passive participants. Objective 2 is to understand how the technological settings that create the conditions for online discussion differ from each other. Objective 3 is to assess how active and passive participants see the diversity and disagreement in the discussion in these settings. Objective 4 is to assess whether citizens take action upon online political discussion depending on how they see it. I will produce the first nationally representative survey on the experiences of participants in online political discussion in China. In addition to academics, this knowledge is of interest to policy-makers, professionals, and journalists aiming to understand authoritarian politics and media

Keywords: china,internet,public opinion,authoritarian resilience
Validate of TSAA coating technology. Development of procedures and standards manual. Technical and economical study. (VALIDATETSAA)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2012-03, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 14.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 68455.77
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project will focus on the validation of a TSAA process, including pre- and post-treatment, which is defined by the topic manager, and its implementation in industrial scale. An existing industrial plant, which will be selected by the topic manager, will be benchmarked with respect to the number and dimensioning of the components of the plant and its periphery with respect to the technical requirements for the process. The process itself will be performed in laboratory- and pilot scale to verify the reproducibility of the process for given aluminium alloy(s) and to characterize and quantify the properties of the surface of specimens after each step of the TSAA process. Failure mode analyses, such as FTA (failure tree analysis), DRBFM (Design review based on failure mode) and FEMS (Failure modes and effects analysis) will be performed. Knowledge-based analysis of the process and the relevant parameters, such as temperature and filtration, as well as the aforementioned failure mode analysis, will lead to the definition of process sheets and risk assessment plan. Environmental analysis of the process will consider chemicals used – also with respect to REACh compliance -, exhaust fumes (especially in the working area), waste and waste water output. As far as possible, recycling routs for process waters and chemical components will be analysed and suggested. Risk analysis will also include possible health risks in the working area, which can origin by incorrect use of chemicals or waste. The results of the analysis of environmental and health risks will be included into the process sheets and risk assessment plan. Data and process-relevant knowledge gained during the aforementioned analysis steps will finally lead to elaboration of a manufacturing plan and compilation of a Process procedures and standard manual.

Keywords: tsaa,anodization,scale up,process manual,quality assurance,environmental analysis,reach compliance
LORD Engine Mounting System for the SAGE2 Open-Rotor demonstrator (LORD OPEN-ROTOR S2)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2012-03, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2594991.0
EU funding (EUR): 1297495.5
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

This response to the SAGE-02 call details the proposed approach to an engine mounting system for the open-rotor demonstrator. The goal of the program is to define the requirements of the mounting system, design and develop the system so that it meets the requirements and can be optimized and validated on an engine ground test. The mount system structural and vibration isolation requirements will be established early in the design phase. This will be done through trade studies, incorporating the many years of experience of LORD in designing and developing aircraft engine isolation systems. The technology used for the system will be adapted from current elastomeric, metallic and Fluidlastic engine mount systems to the requirements of this engine. Manufacture of components will use LORD aerospace quality system. Bench testing will be conducted at LORD using methods established for certification testing of engine mount systems. Details on how LORD will utilize, adapt and extend current technology to meet the requirements of the program are shown in the work package response.

Keywords: lord open-rotor engine mounting system
Model theory and its applications: dependent classes (DEPENDENTCLASSES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1748000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1748000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Model theory deals with general classes of structures (called models). Specific examples of such classes are: the class of rings or the class of algebraically closed fields. It turns out that counting the so-called complete types over models in the class has an important role in the development of model theory in general and stability theory in particular. Stable classes are those with relatively few complete types (over structures from the class); understanding stable classes has been central in model theory and its applications. Recently, I have proved a new dichotomy among the unstable classes: Instead of counting all the complete types, they are counted up to conjugacy. Classes which have few types up to conjugacy are proved to be so-called ``dependent'' classes (which have also been called NIP classes). I have developed (under reasonable restrictions) a ``recounting theorem'', parallel to the basic theorems of stability theory. I have started to develop some of the basic properties of this new approach. The goal of the current project is to develop systematically the theory of dependent classes. The above mentioned results give strong indication that this new theory can be eventually as useful as the (by now the classical) stability theory. In particular, it covers many well known classes which stability theory cannot treat.

Keywords: model theory,classification theory,dependent classes,dependent theories,the recounting theorem
Supported Nanoparticles for Catalysis: Genesis and Dynamics in the Liquid Phase (NANOPARTCAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Supported metal nanoparticles are used as catalysts to accelerate and steer chemical conversions to produce, e.g., transportation fuels, chemicals and medicines. Albeit of eminent importance, supported metal catalysts are almost exclusively synthesized in liquid-phase processes that are often considered ‘an art rather than a science’. Although recent results from our laboratory and others on the fundamentals of catalysts synthesis have led to many new insights, the lack of methodology to investigate directly the formation of supported nanoparticles in the liquid phase hampers progress. The key objective of this proposal is to image and thereby obtain a detailed understanding of both the genesis (synthesis) and the dynamics (catalysis) of supported metal nanoparticles in the liquid phase with nanometer resolution and in real time. To this end we will combine two recent developments: (1) a liquid-phase in situ cell for use in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with (2) the element specificity of a Chemi-STEM that provides element specific images with nanometer resolution.. In this way we will image in the liquid phase the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles on a support. As support we plan to use materials with ordered porosity that allow imaging of genesis of nanoparticles in liquid confined in nanopores. The key objective of this proposal will be addressed in four projects (1) acquisition and implementation of a liquid-phase cell within a Chemi-STEM which is then used to study (2) ion adsorption of noble metal complexes onto silica and zeolites followed by liquid-phase reduction to form metallic nanoparticles, (3) crystallization of metal nitrates in nanopores of silica and carbon, (4) dynamics of palladium nanoparticles in liquid-phase catalysis. The new insights will move catalysts synthesis ‘from art to science’ and provide control over the properties of supported nanoparticles to arrive at novel catalysts for sustainable processes.

Keywords: supported catalyst synthesis,catalyst preparation,fischer tropsch catalysis,electron microscopy,liquid-phase catalysis
Political Conflict in Europe in the Shadow of the Great Recession (POLCON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: Italy,Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2488200.0
EU funding (EUR): 2488200.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

POLCON proposes to study the contemporary development of political conflict in European democracies and the politicization of the European integration process in the shadow of the Great Recession. Since the world has entered the economic crisis in fall 2008, commentators have been afraid of its political repercussions. POLCON is based on a comparative analysis of political mobilization in national elections, the protest arena and in public interactions between political authorities and challengers on key issues related to the crisis. The key question is whether the Great Recession and its consequences are changing the long-term trends in the development of political conflict in Europe, and whether the resulting political conflicts constitute a danger for democracy in Europe. The project proposes a combination of a comparative-static and a dynamic analysis of political conflict across Europe. It innovates both theoretically and empirically. Theoretically it is original because it links the study of elections to the study of political protest, and because it takes seriously the often heard call for dynamic and process-oriented analyses. Empirically, it innovates by extending the scope of our previous work in both time (comparing the period before and after 2008) and space (comparing Western, Southern as well as Central and Eastern European countries), by proposing a new type of unit of analysis, which allows to focus on chains of events taking place in different arenas rather than simply analyzing individual events, and by developing new semi-automated tools for media content analyses. Under the conditions of the crisis, but depending on the national context characteristics, we expect populist challengers to flourish. They may not only contribute to a renaissance of nationalism and a tighter coupling of electoral and protest politics, but eventually to a fundamental restructuring of the national political conflict structures in Europe.

Keywords: comparative politics,financial and economic crisis,political conflict,national elections,party systems,political protest,interaction dynamics
Gold(III) Chemistry: Structures, Bonding, Reactivity and Catalysis (GOCAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2439223.0
EU funding (EUR): 2439223.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Maximising energy efficiency and competitiveness while minimising waste and environmental impact of chemical processes, from large scale commodities to fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, depends crucially on catalysis, and in particular on our ability to tailor catalysts to specific needs. Gold catalysts have seen a meteoric rise in recent years (nearly 40,000 WOS citations in 2011). However, since gold was so long considered inert, major compound classes are unknown. For example, we recently synthesized the first thermally stable gold(III) hydrides, gold peroxides (the first for gold in any oxidation state) and gold(III) alkene complexes (while platinum analogues of the latter have been known since 1827). Based on >20 years of pioneering research into the identification of catalytically active species and homogeneous catalytic reaction mechanisms, our ground-breaking results will form the basis of an ambitious programme on gold chemistry to delineate the structures and reactivities of these major classes of complexes. Ligand design will be of crucial importance to achieve the stability required for catalytic and synthetic applications. We have also found unprecedented reactivity that links these complexes to the water splitting cycle and hydrogen generation. Structure-reactivity relationships and mechanisms will be established that provide the knowledge base for general applicability. The outcomes will underpin synthetic methodology for fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals and impact on the materials and medicinal applications of gold complexes.

Keywords: structure,bonding,gold catalysis,synthesis,water splitting,reactivity
TICAL: 4D total absorptionTime Imaging CALorimeter (TICAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 59.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2258000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2258000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This 4-year project proposes a breakthrough in particle detectors by developing a highly granular calorimeter with high-resolution timing information, thus providing precise information of the space-time development of electromagnetic and hadronic showers. The objective of this project is to develop a completely new imaging calorimeter that uses light encoding methods, and thus simultaneously records: - the total energy deposited in the calorimeter cells with a time tag in the 10 picosecond (ps) range; - the high-precision spatial distribution of the energy deposition in the calorimetric volume both for low energy (photo-electric and Compton) and high energy (shower components); - the time structure of the signals corresponding to the different components of the shower. The key point in this novel approach is to introduce light production, collection and detection techniques that are now accessible due to spectacular technological advancements in this field, in which the PI is directly involved. Examples are: - new crystal production technologies (micro-pulling-down (μ-PD,) ceramics, nano-crystals); - photonic crystals, plasmonic resonances and nano-optics; - single-photon-counting silicon photomultipliers, both digital(d-SiPM) and analogue (a-SiPM). The use of precise time information in the tens of picosecond range in calorimetric techniques will have a large impact on different applications in many domains: - High Energy Physic (HEP), in particular at new high energy and high collision rate colliders; - Medical imaging in Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomography (TOF-PET); - Spectrometry of low energy γ- quanta; - Homeland security: crystals of higher sensitivity always be in demand; - Space applications.

Keywords: calorimeter,high energy physics,particle detector,scintillator,photodetector,pet,time of flight
New MCMC-Enabled Bayesian Statistical Methods for Complex Data and Computer Models in Astronomy (BAYESSTAT4ASTRO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-20
End date: 2017-04-19
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims to develop a new model-based strategy for statistical problems in astronomy involving complex computer models. It embeds computer models into multilevel models in order to explicitly account for complexities in both astronomical sources and in new high-tech telescopes with the aim illuminating the underlying physical processes. Specific methods will be developed to account for calibration uncertainty in X-ray detectors. This involves emulating a computer model for the calibration product and embedding it into a larger model for the detector and the astronomical source. The result will be a dramatic improvement in the assessed uncertainty in fitted parameters, a reduction in false positives and false negatives, and improved robustness of meta-analyses of populations of sources. Methods will also be developed for fitting stellar evolution models. This involves linking multiple computer models via parametric bridges and embedding them into a statistical likelihood. The increased precision of fitted stellar parameters will enable astronomers to identify stellar subpopulations, to study now hidden aspects of Galactic evolution, and to test and refine the physics underlying the stellar evolution models. A final set of new models will better link supernova light curve data with cosmological parameters, thus helping to unlock the secrets of the formation and evolution of the Universe. Since model misspecification can have a serious adverse affect on scientific findings, especially with such complex models, a suite of new model checking and selection techniques will be studied. With his substantial experience developing state-of-the-art scientific computation, advanced methods for statistical inference, and careful model checking procedures, especially in astronomy, van Dyk is ideally suited to carry out this project. The research will be conducted with astronomers in van Dyk's established collaborations and in a new research group at Imperial.

Keywords: m114 probability and statistics,p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology,model checking,model selection,mcmc,bayesian inference,multi-level model,calibration,computer models,astrostatistics
Chromosome Condensation and Cohesion (CCC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Accurate cell division relies on the fact that the genetic information encoded in the DNA molecules is equally segregated into the two daughter cells. Proper partitioning of the genome, in turn, depends on two key changes in chromosome organization: 1) chromatin is converted into compact structures with the right mechanical properties (size, flexibility, rigidity) to facilitate their segregation; 2) the two sister DNA molecules remain tightly associated with each other from the moment of DNA replication until the metaphase-anaphase transition of the subsequent mitosis. Although chromosomes were long assumed to play rather a passive role during the cell division process, recent evidence suggests that chromosomes play a much more active role in the process of their own segregation. Understanding the “active chromosome” and how chromosome morphology influences mitosis is pivotal to the understanding of novel routes to mitotic defects and causes for aneuploidy. Here I propose to investigate how dynamic mitotic chromosomes are assembled and how their morphology contributes to various aspects of mitosis. I plan to use a multidisciplinary approach, combining acute protein inactivation, 4D-live cell imaging and biophysical/mathematical approaches to evaluate role of condensin complexes, one of the most abundant non-histone chromosomal proteins, in the process of chromosome assembly. In addition, I propose to investigate how chromosome condensation and cohesion influence the dynamics of chromosome segregation and how (if) cells adapt when in the presence of abnormal chromosomes. I will develop experimental conditions to mimic different degrees of “cohesion fatigue” (partial loss of sister chromatid cohesion), as well as a variety of abnormalities in chromosome structure and size and quantitatively evaluate how chromosome cohesion and condensation influence chromosome dynamics and signaling of the surveillance mechanism that control mitosis (the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint).

Keywords: mitosis,aneuploidy,chromosome condensation,condensin,sister chromatid cohesion,cohesin,systems biology,quantitative biology,protein inactivation,live-cell imaging