Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Trading Quantity for Quality in Machine Learning (QQML)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Machine learning was born in an era when most datasets were small, low-dimensional, and used carefully hand-crafted features. However, recent years have seen a dramatic change in the nature of typical machine learning tasks: These are now routinely performed on huge, web-scale datasets, with data quantity no longer being a major bottleneck. On the flip side, the large-scale and automated data-gathering methods used to create such massive datasets often go hand-in-hand with mediocre quality of individual data items. This data quality problem can hamper standard learning algorithms, despite the availability of more data. A related issue is the quality of available features: with more data, we are in a position to tackle harder tasks - particularly in AI-related areas such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, it is also becoming increasing hard to hand-craft good features for such tasks, and much recent research is devoted to automatically learn higher-quality, multi-level representations of the data. The objective of the proposed research is to study how increasing data quantity can be used to improve or compensate for poor data quality, provably and efficiently. In particular, we wish to study how to use large-scale, low-quality datasets, to achieve the same learning performance as if we had a high-quality, yet more moderately sized dataset. We plan to explore several important settings where we believe such a trade-off can be obtained, using a theoretically principled approach. These include (1) Learning deep data representations, which capture complex and high-level features; (2) Learning from incomplete data, where some or even most of the data is missing; and (3) bandit learning and optimization, which capture learning and decision making under uncertainty. Our research plan builds on concrete preliminary results and several novel ideas, which are outlined as part of the proposal.

Keywords: machine learning,learning theory,learning with partial information,deep learning,bandit learning,missing data,online learning
Incentivizing Collaborative Mobility by means of Multimodal Sharing Services (INCOMMUNE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Luxembourg
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research aims to acquire insight into the mobility needs and activity-travel patterns of the users in order to provide collaborative solutions offering the flexibility and comfort of privately owned cars. To do so, we focus on the development of travel behavior models able to quantify the impact of these services in the whole activity-travel chain. These models will facilitate the design and (long-term) assessment of different service layouts and policies, which aim at optimizing the use of collective transport modes. To support the travelers’ decision making process, we aim at developing new travel information supporting systems as social networks. These systems are developed and tested in two pilots around the campus of the University of Luxembourg. InCoMMune aims to bring together the advantages of travel sharing solutions, whose take up critically depends on how efficient these systems are in relation to the mobility needs of the travelers, and those offered by new information sharing technologies, which can facilitate the closing of the loop between flexible design and organization of sharing systems and the users’ activity-travel choices. In essence, by closing this loop, we here introduce the concept of collaborative mobility, where users and service providers continuously collaborate by sharing information on mobility needs and by constantly adapting the services to these needs. The focus will be on developing a new theory and models for designing and evaluating collective transport systems based on the analysis of different sharing solutions, and to connect these models to web-based and smartphone apps to offer the travelers effective sustainable alternatives to private cars.

Keywords: transport sharing services,activity-travel behavior,information and decision support systems,machine learning,collaborative mobility
Organocatalytic synthesis of fluorine compounds. Development of new methodologies for the enantioselective introduction of fluorine building blocks via CH activation of sp3 carbon (CSP3OCF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Project will deal with the activation of inert Csp3-H bonds and the enantioselective addition of fluorocarbon nucleophiles to lead to the enantioselective synthesis of fluorinated compounds. The impact of the research will be highly significant to several areas. First of all, a general method for a green and enantioselective synthesis of fluorine compounds through Csp3-H activation will represent a ground-breaking advance in the field and will interest organic chemists in general from both academic and industrial backgrounds. The development of new a green procedure that avoid the use of metals, and diminishes the generation of waste will have an important impact to chemical industry. Moreover the possibility to add a fluorine block in later stages synthesis through Csp3-H activation will be an important tool in the hit to led process in pharmaceutical industry, due the possibility to enhance the metabolic properties of active compounds by simply adding a fluorine residue.

Keywords: csp3-h activation,fluorine chemistry,fluorocarbon nucleophiles,organic dye,photochemistry,organocatalysis
European Representations of India and Islam: The Jesuit mission at the Mughal court (1580-1773) (EURINDIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this 48 months proposal is to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the ways Islam and the Mughal Empire were interpreted and represented in Europe during the early modern period. The chronological delimitation of the subject of this project includes the late sixteenth-century, and the whole seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This period corresponds to the end of the Portuguese monopoly on the sea route to India, the arrival of the English, Dutch and French companies in Asia, the great missionary experiences of the Jesuits in Asia, the expansion and decline of the Mughal Empire in India, the Enlightenment and the emergence of Indology and Orientalism as academic disciplines. The applicant is a specialist on the European presence in India during the early modern period. Although this project starts in that disciplinary field, one of its aims is to develop a distinctive historiographical approach based on a systematic interaction with disciplines such as anthropology and sociology, by adopting a conceptual framework based on the concepts of ‘contact zone’ and ‘go-between’. Through this interdisciplinary approach, this project aims to contribute to the current debates on Orientalism and Islam.

Keywords: jesuits,cross-cultural encounters,orientalism,knowledge,europe,india,christiniaty,islam,catholicism,mughal empire
Synthesis of pyrene-fused polyazaacenes for NIR applications (NIRVANA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal deals with the synthesis of new polymeric materials based on azaacenes for NIR applications

Keywords: oligomers,polymers,electronics,azaacenes,twisted chromophores,synthesis,characterisation
A New Solution to Matching Problems (NSMP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In many real-life object allocation problems, objects' priorities involve indifference classes. The common practice to deal with ties is to randomly break them to obtain strict priorities. From the ex-ante point of view, random tie breaking induces random priorities. In this setting, Dr. Afacan will introduce a fairness notion generalizing the usual stability of Gale and Shapley (1962) to the random priorities setting. Then, he will check whether the well-adopted agent-optimal stable mechanism satisfies that notion along with other desirable properties. Dr. Afacan will next contruct a mechanism mainly built on the Probabilistic Serial Mechanism of Bogomolnaia and Moulin (2001). He will define that new rule in a way that it will dominate the agent-optimal stable mechanism on the efficiency and fairness grounds. Lastly, he will characterize the introduced new mechanism.

Keywords: e102 microeconomics,market design,matching theory,policy design,game theory
Complex dynamics of driven granular solids: Physics and applications (COMGRANSOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Granular materials are collections of macroscopic grains that interact via dissipative and nonlinear forces. These materials display a complex behavior which remains a challenging problem. The better understanding of this behavior is of great practical importance in pharmaceutical and food industries as well as in natural processes such as land sliding and avalanches. In addition, granular media are offering new insights into problems in condensed-matter physics, geophysics and materials science. The last years, several insights have been obtained by applying statistical mechanics to study granular media. Nowadays, it is clear that nonlinear effects play a crucial role. This proposal, which resides at the interface of nonlinear dynamics, acoustics, and condensed matter physics, seeks to extend the state-of-the-art techniques, introducing tools and concepts from nonlinear and chaotic dynamics. The main objectives are: (1) a better understanding of the physics of driven granular media, (2) the design of granular-based acoustic devices for the control of acoustic propagation. We aspire to achieve the research objectives by employing a synergistic approach that combines theoretical techniques, computational methods, and experiments. In particular, we will study highly nonlinear processes, and their role in chaotic energy transport along a monodisperse chain. We will also examine the interplay of nonlinearity and disorder in polydisperse chains, a topic that has spurred great interest in recent years. In addition, we will study the role of frictional/hysteretic nonlinearities starting with 1D alignment which include the possibility of shear motion. Then, we will revisit the problem of energy transport in driven 2D granular solids. In parallel to the above activities, nonlinear processes will be studied in complex granular-based structures. These include locally resonant granular media and structures composed of linear elastic media and granular solids.

Keywords: granular media,wave propagation,acoustic metamaterials,nonlinear acoustics,contact mechanics,nonlinear waves and vibrations.
Complex Fluid Interfaces in Biomedical and Industrial Multiphase Flows (COMPFLIX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The focus of my research is on interfacial fluid dynamics in complex multiphase flows. Fluid interfaces in biomedical flows and industrial processing flows present complex microstructures due to adsorption of surfactants or solid particles. The interfacial rheological properties of these complex fluid interfaces are crucial parameters for implementing predictive models of complex multiphase flows. Yet, current methods of interfacial fluid dynamics are limited to quasi-static deformations, which are not a realistic approximation of highly dynamic phenomena such as industrial mixing, aerobreakup, and drop breakup in turbulent flow. At the same time, the microstructural details of the interface that crucially determine the rheological response (e.g. phase separation, percolation, buckling) are inherently difficult to probe, and even more challenging to observe in dynamic interfaces. The overarching goal of my research program is to improve our understanding of complex fluid interfaces by precisely measuring the macroscopic mechanical properties and simultaneously probing the details of the interfacial microstructure in highly dynamic settings currently inaccessible to experiment. My experimental approach relies strongly on my interdisciplinary background in Physics and Engineering, which has taught me to combine multiple techniques to provide precise, direct, dynamic measurements. I will use a combination of high-speed microscopy, ultrafast acoustic excitation, fluidics and advanced optical methods to derive new insights in physico-chemical phenomena and continuum-scale mechanics of interfaces in multiphase flows. The proposed research will provide a new level of understanding of the dynamics of three classes of complex fluid interfaces, namely, lipid monolayers, particle monolayers, and lipid bilayers. This understanding will have a direct impact on the control and optimization of industrial processing flows and biomedical flows for medical imaging and drug delivery.

Keywords: interfacial rheology,experimental fluid dynamics,complex fluids,bubble dynamics,interfacial phenomena
Detecting slow deformation signals preceding dynamic failure: A new strategy for the mitigation of natural hazards (SAFER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a new strategy based on an interdisciplinary unitary and integrated approach aimed to monitor and detect small signals of impending failures and mitigate natural hazards, by: 1) quantify of critical damage thresholds triggering dynamic failure, throughout the ‘In situ’ identification of characteristic slow deformation signals and accelerating patterns before impending ‘large scale’ failure events; 2) set up of early warning models for forecasting the time of rupture with application to natural hazards; 3) transfer of knowledge between multiscale signs of slow deformation before dynamic failure from the laboratory to field. In detail, we propose to develop innovative strategies for forecasting dynamic ruptures by monitoring an unstable patch of the Gollone landslide on the Italian Western Alps, prone to the development of rock falls and repeated failure episodes, preceded by neat and long lasting episodes of slow deformation. In order to do so, we aim to identify the characteristic signs of impending failure, by installing a “site specific” microseismic monitoring (1-200kHz) system for acoustic emission/microseismic (AE/MS), integrated with a conventional monitoring for seismic detection (1-10Hz) and ground deformation monitoring (strainmeters, geophones and accelerometers). The installation of the monitoring network will be accompanied by a detailed geophysical characterization of the test site in order to establish the best nodes position and internal characteristics of the monitored landslide. Rock physical and mechanical characterization along with rock deformation laboratory experiments during which the evolution of related physical parameters under simulated conditions of stress and fluid content will be studied and theoretical modelling will allow to come up with a full hazard assessment and test new methodologies for a much wider scale of applications within EU.

Keywords: natural hazards,risk prevention,forecasting strategies,early warning models,rock physics,fracture and flow,slow deformation,damage threshold,dynamic failure,data collection
Cell Metabolomics on A Chip By Integrated High-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy (UF-NMR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

uF-NMR aims at the development of microfluidic devices that allow the culture and manipulation of populations of live cells while characterising their metabolome in situ through NMR spectroscopy. The basic paradigm is the direct interrogation of sample volumes on the chip. This is achieved through integrating micro-fabricated radio frequency resonators into the microfluidic device. Rather than extracting aliquots for analysis, the entire chip is inserted into a specially designed NMR probe for the measurement. This work will combine the power of emerging microfluidic lab-on-a-chip techniques with the specificity, versatility, and resolution of NMR spectroscopy.

Keywords: c101 physical chemistry,c106 analytical chemistry,c109 electrochemistry - electrodialysis - microfluidics,c108 chemical instrumentation,l204 metabolomics
Effects of soil alteration on nitrogen and carbon cycling (SLAVONIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many forest ecosystems in Europe and North America have suffered from soil acidification and ecosystem eutrophication as a result of anthropogenic emissions of SO2, NOx and NH3. Sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition are important drivers of the terrestrial carbon (C) and N cycling. While most recent research has focused on the impacts of N deposition on C cycling, there is evidence that acidification (from either S or N deposition) may also impact on a range of key processes, including suppression of litter decomposition. Thus, understanding of soil C and N processes under changing deposition is needed for future prediction whether forest soils will act as a carbon sink or source. In addition, acidity changes in forest ecosystems have a strong confounding influence on ecosystem sensitivity to eutrophication, with acidification accelerating N saturation, and recovery potentially resulting in reversion to N limitation. However, over the last two decades transport of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems has increased throughout much of Europe, with implication for the terrestrial C balance, aquatic ecosystems functioning, water treatment costs and human health. A number of studies have argued that the decline in S deposition has been the main driver of DOM increase. SLAvONIC aims to fill the gap in understanding of the combined effects of S and N deposition on altering C and N cycling in forest soils. In particular, the project will examine whether there has been a shift in the relative balance of soil N and C accumulation, versus soil losses in either (dissolved) organic or (dissolved or gaseous) inorganic forms. A set of replicated acidity/N availability manipulation experiments in beech and spruce forests will be undertaken in an area of formerly high S/N deposition. Obtained results will be used for development of a model of C and N cycling to predict future changes in ecosystem C and N balances.

Keywords: nitrogen,carbon,sulphur,acidification,modelling,tteatment,experiment,manipulation,magic