Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Exome Sequencing in stages of Treatment REsistance to Antidepressants (ESTREA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 137591.1
EU funding (EUR): 137591.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will address the emerging healthcare problem of Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a major social and clinical burden, responsible for ~15% of all days lived with disability in EU. Treatment challenges arise from the different biological dysfunctions implicated in different patients and the lack of biomarkers available to guide the choice of anti-depressants. Preliminary evidence suggests that genetic variants may be useful in making treatment choices, but further work to identify relevant variants is needed. Previous pharmacogenetic studies have focused on identifying common genetic variants associated with antidepressant response. The role of rare variants has not been well studied and few studies have investigated the genetics of TRD (patients with two or more failed treatments). This project will combine exome sequencing and genome-wide genotyping in the unique GSRD sample of 1346 MDD patients characterized for stages of treatment resistance (number of failed treatments). This study aims to identify both rare and common variants associated with stages of resistance, the first such study to be performed. The analysis will focus on genes and pathways instead of single variants, since the cumulative effect of a number of variants is likely to disrupt the functionality of a gene or pathway. The study will assess the impact of clinical variables on genetic finding, and develop a genomic profile for TRD which can be used to guide treatment in patients. These findings will be used to design a prospective clinical trial to test the cost-effectiveness of the TRD genetic markers. I will seek funding sources to implement the trial, an essential step to translate the findings to the clinic. This personalised medicine study should facilitate the development of new evidence-based treatments and substantially reduce the time to identify the best treatment strategy in MDD.

Keywords: antidepressants,treatment resistant depression
Shaping EUROpean policies to promote HEALTH equitY (EURO-HEALTHY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Health care provision and integrated care
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Italy,Belgium,Greece,Slovakia,Sweden,France,Czechia,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Portugal,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Foresight for health policy development and regulation (H2020-PHC-2014-single-stage, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2999480.0
EU funding (EUR): 2999479.75
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

Health inequities have been increasing in Europe, particularly in a context of an ageing society and economic crisis. In countries with different levels of infrastructures and health system preparedness, inequities create significant policy challenges. The main goal of this project is to advance knowledge of policies that have the highest potential to enhance health and health equity across European regions with particular focus on metropolitan areas. To achieve this goal, the project will develop tools – based on a population health index – to evaluate the health and wellbeing of European population. This index will be informed by evidence on the relationship between multiple determinants (e.g. demographic, social, economic, environmental, lifestyle, and health care) and health outcomes in the past 15 years. It will be constructed using a multicriteria model structure, following a socio-technical approach: integrating the technical elements of a multicriteria value model and the social elements of interdisciplinary and participatory processes. The index will be applied to evaluate the population’s health in 273 NUTS 2 European regions and 9 selected pilot metropolitan areas (covering populations of 28 EU countries). The space-time analysis and comparison of the population health index will be enabled by a user-friendly web-based Geographic Information System. The population health index will be used to foresee and discuss the impact of multilevel policies and combinations of policies in population health and health equity across European regions, thus providing a basis for policy dialogue. Multicriteria resource allocation models, conflict analyses, analysis of policies’ feasibility, and scenario analyses will then assist in providing evidence on which policies have the highest potential to improve health and reduce health inequities at different geographical levels, and in suggesting alternative policy options for health policy development and regulation.

Keywords: health equity,interdisciplinarity,participatory process,multicriteria,population health index,foresight,policy dialogue,scenario analyses,public policies,socio technical approach
Numerical modeling of cardiac electrophysiology at the cellular scale (MICROCARD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European High Performance Computing
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: EuroHPC (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Germany,Austria,Germany,Italy,Switzerland,Norway,France,France,France
Call: HPC and data centric environments and application platforms (H2020-JTI-EuroHPC-2019-1, 2019)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5858546.25
EU funding (EUR): 2777053.3200000003
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent cause of death worldwide and half of these deaths are due to cardiac arrhythmia, a disorder of the heart's electrical synchronization system. Numerical models of this complex system are highly sophisticated and widely used, but to match observations in aging and diseased hearts they need to move from a continuum approach to a representation of individual cells and their interconnections. This implies a different, harder numerical problem and a 10,000-fold increase in problem size. Exascale computers will be needed to run such models. We propose to develop an exascale application platform for cardiac electrophysiology simulations that is usable for cell-by-cell simulations. The platform will be co-designed by HPC experts, numerical scientists, biomedical engineers, and biomedical scientists, from academia and industry. We will develop, in concert, numerical schemes suitable for exascale parallelism, problem-tailored linear-system solvers and preconditioners, and a compiler to translate high-level model descriptions into optimized, energy-efficient system code for heterogeneous computing systems. The code will be parallelized with a recently developed runtime system that is resilient to hardware failures and will use an energy-aware task placement strategy. The platform will be applied in real-life use cases with high impact in the biomedical domain and will showcase HPC in this area where it is painfully underused. It will be made accessible for a wide range of users both as code and through a web interface. We will further employ our HPC and biomedical expertise to accelerate the development of parallel segmentation and (re)meshing software, necessary to create the extremely large and complex meshes needed from available large volumes of microscopy data. The platform will be adaptable to similar biological systems such as nerves, and components of the platform will be reusable in a wide range of applications.

Keywords: exascale,runtime,solvers,preconditioners,cardiac electrophysiology,cardiac arrhythmia
Civil Law, Common Law, Customary Law: Consonance, Divergence and Transformation in Western Europe from the late eleventh to the thirteenth centuries (CLCLCL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2161502.0
EU funding (EUR): 2161502.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A highly significant division in present-day Europe is between two types of legal system: the Continental with foundations in Civil Law (law with an ultimately Roman law basis), and English Common Law. Both trace their continuous history back to the twelfth century. The present project re-evaluates this vital period in legal history, by comparing not just English Common Law and Continental Civil Law (or “Ius commune”), but also the customary laws crucially important in Continental Europe even beyond the twelfth century. Such laws shared many features with English law, and the comparison thus disrupts the simplistic English:Continental distinction. The project first analyses the form, functioning and development of local, national, and supra-national laws. Similarities, differences, and influences will then be examined from perspectives of longer-term European legal development. Proper historical re-examination of the subject is very timely because of current invocation of supposed legal histories, be it Eurosceptic celebration of English Common Law or rhetorical use of Ius commune as precedent for a common European Law. F. W. Maitland wrote that ‘there is not much “comparative jurisprudence” for those who do not know thoroughly well the things to be compared’. A comparative project requires collaboration – PI, senior researcher, post-doctoral and doctoral researchers, and Advisory Board. It also needs an integrated approach, through carefully selected areas, themes, and sources. The purpose is not just to provide geographical and thematic coverage but to assemble scholars who overcome divisions of approach in legal historiography: between lawyers and historians, between national traditions, between Common Law and Civil Law. The project is thus very significant in developing methods for writing comparative legal history - and legal history and comparative law more widely - in terms of uncovering patterns, constructing narratives, and testing theories of causation.

Keywords: comparative legal history
Microglial control of neuronal activity in the healthy and the injured brain (MicroCONtACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Hungary
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Microglia are the main immune cells of the brain, but their role in brain injury is highly controversial due to the difficulties in selectively manipulating and imaging microglial actions in real time. Specifically, it is unclear whether microglia control neuronal survival after injury via shaping the activity of complex neuronal networks in vivo. To this end, we have combined fast in vivo two-photon imaging of neuronal calcium responses with selective microglial manipulation for the first time. Our data suggest that microglia constantly monitor and control neuronal network activity and these actions are essential to limit excitotoxicity and neuronal death after acute brain injury. We also identify microglia as key regulators of spreading depolarization in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms remained unexplored. Here, I propose that microglia control neuronal excitability and based on preliminary data I set out to investigate how this occurs. We will combine selective, CSF1R-mediated microglia depletion with advanced neurophysiological methods such as in vivo calcium imaging and intracranial EEG for the first time, to reveal how microglia shape activity of complex neuronal networks in the healthy and the injured brain. Then, we will study microglia-neuron interactions from the network level to nanoscale level using in vivo two-photon imaging and super-resolution microscopy. We will apply novel chemogenic and optogenetic approaches to manipulate microglia in real time, assess their role in neuronal activity changes and investigate the molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Our unpublished data also suggest that inflammation – a key contributor to brain diseases – could disrupt microglia-neuron signaling and we set out to investigate the underlying mechanisms. By using state-of the-art research tools that had not been applied previously in this context, our studies are likely to reveal novel pathophysiological mechanisms relevant for common brain diseases.

Keywords: microglia,microglia neuron interactions,brain injury,inflammation,excitotoxicity,spreading depolarization
Technology Advancement of Ocean energy devices through Innovative Development of Electrical systems to increase performance and reliability (TAOIDE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Low-cost, low-carbon energy supply
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Ireland,Germany,Germany,Ireland,Germany,Ireland,United Kingdom
Call: Developing the next generation technologies of renewable electricity and heating/cooling (H2020-LCE-2016-RES-CCS-RIA, 2016)
Start date: 2016-11-01
End date: 2021-01-31
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3237773.75
EU funding (EUR): 3237773.75
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

Life cycle cost of electricity generated by marine renewable technologies is determined by multiple factors including energy production capability, capital costs, and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs, as well as multiple other logistical, permitting, environmental, and finance cost factors. ORPC’s direct experience has been that operating and maintenance costs are dominant in the cost structure. It is clear that for marine renewable energy systems to be commercially viable they must demonstrate exceptionally high reliability and availability. ORPC is now addressing these cost, efficiency and reliability issues in order to achieve commercial status. This Project is a critical next step in commercialization of ORPC’s hydrokinetic power system technology for the European market. Ultimate Project goals are to develop a complete power transfer system from prime mover to electrical grid with normal maintenance intervals of greater than five years, and availability of greater than 98%. Intermediate goals are to deliver a system with design maintenance intervals of greater than five years, and availability greater than 96%. The projects primary objectives are listed below: 1. Develop wet gap electrical generator design capable of operating in seawater flooded condition 2. Develop advanced bearings and seal designs for hydrokinetic machines 3. Develop and implement control strategies to maximize power output and power quality for multiple prime mover designs 4. Develop and implement advanced health monitoring system 5. Validate the system design work by integrated full scale lab testing of system 6. Integrate these components into a baseline ORPC hydrokinetic turbine and assess associated economic improvements 7. Disseminate Project results and findings
Understanding the interaction between metal nanoparticles and biological membranes (BioMNP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Panel description: Structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences, biological physics
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2021-11-30
Duration (months): 68.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1131250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1131250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The BioMNP objective is the molecular-level understanding of the interactions between surface functionalized metal nanoparticles and biological membranes, by means of cutting-edge computational techniques and new molecular models. Metal nanoparticles (NP) play more and more important roles in pharmaceutical and medical technology as diagnostic or therapeutic devices. Metal NPs can nowadays be engineered in a multitude of shapes, sizes and compositions, and they can be decorated with an almost infinite variety of functionalities. Despite such technological advances, there is still poor understanding of the molecular processes that drive the interactions of metal NPs with cells. Cell membranes are the first barrier encountered by NPs entering living organisms. The understanding and control of the interaction of nanoparticles with biological membranes is therefore of paramount importance to understand the molecular basis of the NP biological effects. BioMNP will go beyond the state of the art by rationalizing the complex interplay of NP size, composition, functionalization and aggregation state during the interaction with model biomembranes. Membranes, in turn, will be modelled at an increasing level of complexity in terms of lipid composition and phase. BioMNP will rely on cutting-edge simulation techniques and facilities, and develop new coarse-grained models grounded on finer-level atomistic simulations, to study the NP-membrane interactions on an extremely large range of length and time scales. BioMNP will benefit from important and complementary experimental collaborations, will propose interpretations of the available experimental data and make predictions to guide the design of functional, non-toxic metal nanoparticles for biomedical applications. BioMNP aims at answering fundamental questions at the crossroads of physics, biology and chemistry. Its results will have an impact on nanomedicine, toxicology, nanotechnology and material sciences.

Keywords: molecular dynamics,metal nanoparticles,lipid membranes,coarse grained models
Exposure of aquatic ecosystems to antifungal azoles : assessment of occurence and fate in sediment, water and aquatic organisms (EXPOZOL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-15
End date: 2019-10-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175419.6
EU funding (EUR): 175419.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to provide a comprehensive characterization of the exposure of aquatic organisms to antifungal azoles (AFAs), an emerging pollutant family of particular concern as regard to their endocrine disrupting effects, in the frame of their environmental risk. To this end, this project will address different scientific and technical challenges as regards distribution, bioavailability, toxicokinetic, and (bio)transformation products ((bio)TPs) of AFAs. For this purpose , a multi-disciplinary approach, based on bio-monitoring, passive sampling, effect-driven approach, cutting-edge high resolution mass spectrometry-analyses and laboratory experiments will be implemented. This comprehensive approach will allow (1) to characterize the distribution of AFAs in aquatic systems between sediment, surface water and biota; (2) to identify bioTPs (and biotransformation pathways) of AFAs at different trophic levels but also TPs from other relevant processes (e.g. hydrolysis). This project is original and innovative since it aims to gain knowledge on exposure and identity of (bio)TPs and thus addresses a crucial issue in the assessment of environmental contamination by emerging pollutants and their associated risk. In addition, it proposes to better link exposure and hazard by studying the bioavailability of potentially hazardous chemicals directly in the organisms. It also compare passive sampling vs biomonitoring at different trophic level for a more relevant exposure monitoring of emerging pollutants such as AFAs. This might also enhance human health risk assessment by providing tools for better evaluate exposure, and so risk, associated to consumption of contaminated food (i.e. fish). Finally, if we focus in the present project on AFAs and their (bio)TPs, the approach proposed here could provide a conceptual framework for exposure assessment of other classes of emerging contaminants that would help to enhance actual environmental risk assessment for aquatic organisms.

Keywords: antifungal azoles,exposure,bioavailability,bio transformation products,hr ms analysis,passive sampling,bio monitoring