Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Cross-border analysis of grassland greenness in Asia: Climate variations, grazing pressure, and land policy change (CROSSGRASS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159460.8
EU funding (EUR): 159460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Asian grasslands that stretch from the Eastern shores of the Caspian Sea to Manchuria in China are the largest continuous grassland biome worldwide and play a vital role in global carbon sequestration and in sustaining biodiversity. In recent decades, the integrity of the Asian grasslands became threatened by climate change and increasing land-use intensity, which in turn jeopardize the livelihoods of millions of residents that rely on the grassland resources for feeding their animals. To date, however, the spatial and temporal patterns of the changes in grassland resources across the region have not been systematically assessed. Moreover, it remains elusive how changing grazing intensity, climate variations, and institutional transformations have affected the grassland dynamics. This project aims to fill this gap by mapping the spatial patterns of vegetation changes across the Asian grassland biome for the past three and a half decades, and by quantifying the drivers of these changes. The dynamics of grassland greenness, as a proxy of plant growth, will be assessed using vegetation indices derived from remote sensing data. The changes in grassland greenness will then be statistically associated with climate data, subnational livestock statistics, and other control variables using spatial econometric panel analysis at fine spatial grain and annual temporal resolution. Combined, these analyses will shed light on the importance of climate variations and land-use intensity across institutional boundaries. Such insights are pertinent for deriving management options and policy solutions that simultaneously reduce grassland degradation and secure rural livelihoods in Asia. Besides the scientific goals, this action will provide a platform for the applicant and the host to share and transfer their knowledge and experiences in interdisciplinary research in human-environmental systems.

Keywords: land use,land degradation,grassland,pastures,remote sensing,ndvi,vegetation,climate change,grazing,livestock production,cross border analysis,land use policy,spatial econometrics,asia
Serverless Data Analytics Platform (CloudButton)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Ireland,Israel,Germany,Spain,Spain,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Big Data technologies and extreme-scale analytics (H2020-ICT-2018-2, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4277507.5
EU funding (EUR): 4277507.5
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

This project is inspired by the following sentence from a professor of computer graphics at UC Berkeley : “Why is there no cloud button?” He outlined how his students simply wish they could easily “push a button” and have their code – existing, optimized, single-machine code – running on the cloud. The main goal is to create CloudButton: a Serverless Data Analytics Platform. CloudButton will “democratize big data” by overly simplifying the overall life cycle and programming model thanks to serverless technologies. To demonstrate the impact of the project, we target two settings with large data volumes: bioinformatics (genomics, metabolomics) and geospatial data (LiDAR, satellital). To achieve these ambitious objectives, CloudButton defines the following goals: 1. High Performance Serverless Run-time: We will create the first FaaS compute run-time for Big Data analytics leveraging Apache OpenWhisk. The proposed serverless big data analytics platform will be based on a mature open source code base (Apache OpenWhisk) augmented with Apache Open Whisk Composer. 2. Mutable Shared Data Middleware for Serverless Computing: We will create Distributed Mutable Data Structures leveraging RedHat Infinispan In-Memory Data Grid. Our middleware will provide language-level constructs for data persistence, dependability and concurrency control to serverless functions. 3. CloudButton Toolkit: Serverless Data Analytics Platform: The toolkit will implement on top of [1] and [2] the Serverless Cloud Programming Abstractions that can express a wide range of existing data-intensive applications with minimal changes. We will develop new tools and methodologies to port existing data-intensive applications from the HPC, data analytics and machine learning domains to the CloudButton toolkit.

Keywords: serverless computing,stateful big data,in memory data grids
Biogenic Organic Crystals: From Crystal Formation to Genetically Engineered Optical Materials (CRYSTALEYES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-03-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1966000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1966000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Many spectacular optical phenomena in nature are produced by the interaction of light with organic crystals. Organisms exert exquisite control over the habit and organization of these crystals to determine the type of optical effect produced by using strategies beyond the state of the art in solid state chemistry. Despite their important role in animal behavior and their huge potential to inspire new optical materials, little is known about these materials. However, recent discoveries of previously unknown organic bio-crystals indicate that many more of these materials will be found and that ‘organic bio-crystallization’ is an emergent field with important implications for materials science. My overall objective is to uncover the strategies organisms use to control the formation of organic crystals, enabling these strategies to be harnessed to develop new crystalline organic materials. A pioneering approach is proposed which entails following the crystallization pathways of organic molecules in model photonic systems undergoing development. The crystallization of guanine and isoxanthopterin will be investigated to reveal the physio-chemical and biological processes underpinning crystallization. Cryogenic electron microscopy, spectroscopy and in situ diffraction methods will determine changes in the chemical and physical properties of the crystals during crystallization. Proteomic and transcriptomic studies will identify the macromolecules responsible for controlling nucleation and growth and the genes encoding them. These bio-crystallization processes will then be artificially mimicked and manipulated to produce guanine and isoxanthopterin crystals with rationally designed crystal properties (crystal habit, composition, size), including an ambitious attempt to genetically programme guanine-producing iridophore cells as living factories to produce crystals with controlled phenotypes, laying the foundations for a new field of genetically programmed organic materials.

Keywords: bio crystallization,biomineralization,organic molecular crystals,optical materials
Researchers for Humanity 2018-2019 (R4H1819)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European researchers' Night
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Romania
Call: European Researchers' Night (H2020-MSCA-NIGHT-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2019-11-30
Duration (months): 20.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223325.0
EU funding (EUR): 223325.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

“Researchers for Humanity 2018-2019” will continue the series of events already organized in Romania from 2007, building a strong link between public and research through this important message of relevance: what science and researchers do are useful for daily life, and their life is as everyone’s elses. For one day (or 2 days in some places), the public will have the chance to meet important players from science and education through play, interesting talks and interactive hands-on learning. Overall, the message conveyed will be how science can be used in the benefit of humanity. Based on the outstanding awareness of the European dimension of the event that we created throughout the years, Researchers Night 2018-2019 will confirm as being one of the most important communication event for research and education institutions. The network increased year after year, so that, now, the event itself will be organized in 21 big, medium and small cities from all over Romania. Also, through the platform, we will invite associated events to get enrolled and be supported by us through promotion at the national level. We aim to reach 52000 visitors, over 350 researchers, students and teachers and over 600000 prs to be exposed to the awareness campaign. The logo will assemble with the old one in order to create a link with previous years and awareness of the European and national dimension of the event. Partnerships will be continued at national and local level (also with one of the most important TV stations in Romania). The main novelty of the project will be the component of private research through private companies and NGOs that are implementing various research projects.

Keywords: science,edufun,hands on,scifun
Intelligent Instruments: Understanding 21st-Century AI Through Creative Music Technologies (INTENT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: Iceland
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2026-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999460.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999460.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Artificial Intelligence is becoming increasingly human-like and it is now proficient in a key human activity: musical creativity. But what does this mean? How does creative AI change our notions of art, culture and society? As new machine learning technologies begin to mirror ourselves, we need to look into that mirror and ask how AI is changing us. This project takes a pioneering leap in research about AI by answering how new creative AI transforms our relationships with technology and other people. This ambitious vision is achieved by using music as a platform to establish public understanding of AI. Through technology development we will create the conditions to study higher level theoretical questions on the meaning of creative AI in contemporary culture. Three respective work packages will develop: 1) instruments with creative AI; 2) human-AI collaboration in music; and 3) sonic instruments as scientific instruments. The project initiates a public discourse on creative AI and develops a theoretical framework describing the transformed notions of self, others and knowledge when we adopt intelligent instruments in our work. INTENT is interdisciplinary in nature. Applying the methodology of our new research collaboration protocol, we summon researchers from diverse disciplines to conduct frontier science on intelligent instruments as boundary objects. Through open science methods the outcomes will address: a) the role of creative AI in embodied technologies, and b) the understanding and reflection of artificial intelligence in future society. Grounded equally in technology development and the humanities, the project will benefit diverse disciplines by developing a theoretical framework of creative AI, initiating a discourse around human-centred creative AI, and defining principles of human-AI relations in services and products.

Keywords: musical instruments,creative ai,artistic research,digital humanities,systematic musicology,science and technology studies,machine learning,public understanding of ai,human computer interaction,scientific instruments,discourse on ai,performance
Population genomics of co-evolution between non-retroviral RNA viruses and their hosts (NIRV_HOST_INT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: Italy,France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2022-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1686875.0
EU funding (EUR): 1466875.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Recent discoveries clearly show that non-retroviral RNA viruses, despite not coding for reverse transcriptase and integrase, can transfer genetic material to their hosts, similarly to DNA viruses and retroviruses. The distribution of non-retroviral integrated RNA viruses (NIRVs) in host populations, mechanisms of NIRVs formation and effects on hosts are unclear. The main objective of this proposal is to uncover the complex biological interactions between non-retroviral RNA viruses and their hosts using the model system “Aedes albopictus and Flavivirus”. This system is ideal because Ae. albopictus is a known vector of non-retroviral RNA viruses, including several highly relevant for public health such as dengue viruses (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) and NIRVs phylogenetically related to Flaviviruses have been identified in its genome. First, a population genomic approach will be used to interrogate the genome of Ae. albopictus from different geographic populations at their DNA and RNA levels. This approach will permit the systematic characterization of the distributions of NIRVs in natural host populations, the analyses of correlations between the presence of NIRVs and viral infections and the description of NIRVs genomic context, from which insights on mechanisms of NIRVs formation can be derived. Secondly, tissue-specificity of the NIRVs, their trans-generational stability and impact on mosquito biology will be analysed in a controlled laboratory environment. Somatic integrations could contribute to acquired immunity to their respective viruses or establishment of persistent viral infection. Germ-line integrations could have an evolutionary impact. If NIRVs affect Ae. albopictus vector competence or the genome of emerging viral populations, they could be manipulated for vector control purposes. Additionally, results on NIRV distribution in natural host populations and mechanisms of NIRVs formation will have implications in medicine because several non-retroviral RNA viruses are emerging as delivery systems for gene therapy applications.

Keywords: virus host interaction,vector competence,vector control
Constructing line bundles on algebraic varieties -- around conjectures of Tate and Grothendieck (AlgTateGro)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2022-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1222328.75
EU funding (EUR): 1222328.75
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is to investigate two conjectures in arithmetic geometry pertaining to the geometry of projective varieties over finite and number fields. These two conjectures, formulated by Tate and Grothendieck in the 1960s, predict which cohomology classes are chern classes of line bundles. They both form an arithmetic counterpart of a theorem of Lefschetz, proved in the 1940s, which itself is the only known case of the Hodge conjecture. These two long-standing conjectures are one of the aspects of a more general web of questions regarding the topology of algebraic varieties which have been emphasized by Grothendieck and have since had a central role in modern arithmetic geometry. Special cases of these conjectures, appearing for instance in the work of Tate, Deligne, Faltings, Schneider-Lang, Masser-Wüstholz, have all had important consequences. My goal is to investigate different lines of attack towards these conjectures, building on recent work on myself and Jean-Benoît Bost on related problems. The two main directions of the proposal are as follows. Over finite fields, the Tate conjecture is related to finiteness results for certain cohomological objects. I want to understand how to relate these to hidden boundedness properties of algebraic varieties that have appeared in my recent geometric proof of the Tate conjecture for K3 surfaces. The existence and relevance of a theory of Donaldson invariants for moduli spaces of twisted sheaves over finite fields seems to be a promising and novel direction. Over number fields, I want to combine the geometric insight above with algebraization techniques developed by Bost. In a joint project, we want to investigate how these can be used to first understand geometrically major results in transcendence theory and then attack the Grothendieck period conjecture for divisors via a number-theoretic and complex-analytic understanding of universal vector extensions of abelian schemes over curves.

Keywords: arithmetic geometry,algebraic cycles,periods of algebraic varieties
Revolutionizing the Utilization of compound Semiconductor Technology (RUST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Finland
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Emerging technologies such as high resolution displays, 5G communications and self-driving cars are changing the playing field in terms of hardware requirements. This creates pressure on the semiconductor industry to provide higher performance components with minimal power consumption. High-speed and high-efficiency materials in the form of compound semiconductors could provide the answer however their manufacturing is extremely complicated. Problems with oxidation during manufacturing decreases their real-life performance and lowers the manufacturing yield. Comptek Solutions solves the biggest problem associated with manufacturing compound semiconductors. It has patented a radically distinctive approach that eliminates the oxidation problem during manufacturing leading to a 98% improvement in the surface quality. The result is a manufacturing process that enables to produce bleeding-edge technologies such as Micro LEDs on scale making them available for consumer products. To commercialize the technology, Comptek is initially focusing on the Optoelectronics market estimated to be worth €58 billion by 2023. First applications are seen in the Micro LED segment which is projected to grow 400% in 2019-2022. Comptek has already made significant progress in that field demonstrating a 4-fold increase in the efficiency of Micro LEDs during testing with an industry partner. The company is led by an all-star founding team boasting a mix of business and R&D experience. The team has been able to raise nearly €1 million and reached pilot agreements with notable partners in the field. The given project is required to validate the performance of the technology on device level with an industry leading VR/AR headset manufacturer. This will be the final critical step before scaling the technology to a commercially available solution. For end-stage product development, Comptek is already negotiating its next funding round with industry partners on board looking to apply the technology

Keywords: compound semiconductors,optoelectronics,micro led
COVID-19 Telemedicine – an infectious disease management tool for governments all over Europe that will reduce casualties from COVID-19 as well as prepare governments for the next wave of epidemics. (Covid-19Telemedicine)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: SME instrument (H2020-EIC-SMEInst-2018-2020-3, 2020)
Start date: 2020-08-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3477825.75
EU funding (EUR): 2434478.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

COVID-19 telemedicine will provide the solution for remote monitoring and telemedicine for COVID-19 patients. The platform is developed for COPD and heart patients over the past 6 years and with this project we will be able to innovate home-monitoring, scale it up massively and collect big data to analyse the development and patterns through AI. The result will be a fully rolled-out infectious disease management tool for governments all over Europe that will reduce casualties from COVID-19 as well as prepare governments for the next wave of epidemics. The company is formed to meet the need for a solution for the COVID-19 outbreak. This innovation forms the foundation of the company and the team is put together because they are the right people to execute the vision of actually making a major impact against the novel corona virus. They are experts in scaleup, product development, fundraising, marketing and communication. The support and interest in the solution is massive even at this TRL 8 stage of the first two parts of the full innovation that is threesome. This innovation project will elevate the solution to save lives!

Keywords: diagnostic tools,prediction tools,healthcare service,disease management tool,epidemic containment