Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Towards Perfect Chemical Reactors: Engineering the Enhanced Control of Reaction Pathways at Molecular Level via Fundamental Concepts of Process Intensification (TOPCHEM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2298789.0
EU funding (EUR): 2298789.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Molecular-level control of chemical reactions presents undoubtedly the most important scientific challenge on the way to fully sustainable processes. Factors responsible for the effectiveness of a reaction include number/frequency of molecular collisions, orientation of molecules at the moment of collisions and their energy. Current reactors offer a very limited control of the above factors. Reactions usually take place in random geometries and the energy is brought to molecules by conductive heating which is non-selective and thermodynamically inefficient. A groundbreaking solution here can only be achieved by creating a “perfect” reaction environment, in which the geometry of molecular collisions is fully controlled while energy is transferred selectively from the source to the required molecules in the required form, in the required amount, at the required moment, and at the required position. The current proposal aims at the first of its kind development of structured reactors using electric and electromagnetic fields for alignment, orientation and selective activation of targeted molecules. To engineer such “perfect” reaction environment the fundamental concepts of Process Intensification are applied. We build here on the Nobel Prize-awarded fundamental works in the area of the reaction dynamics and molecular reaction control that were not considered in chemical engineering thus far. Chemistries studied are mono- and bi-molecular reactions using CO2, CH4 and H2O, which are of paramount importance for clean fuel production and carbon dioxide management. The proposal bridges chemical physics and chemical engineering incorporating the knowledge domains of chemistry, catalysis, materials science, electronics, computer modelling and micromechanical engineering.

Keywords: process intensification,chemical reactors,selectivity engineering,molecular collisions,energy efficiency
Engineering of Supported Molten Salt Catalysts for Dehydrogenation Reactions and Hydrogen Production Technologies (H2-SMS-CAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1862400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1862400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ultimate goal in the development of more efficient catalytic technologies is to combine selectivity, productivity, robustness and ease of processing on the highest possible level. For this purpose, new approaches to integrate molecular catalysis into heterogeneous systems are required. This H2-SMS-CAT project aims to establish homogeneous catalysis in heterogeneous systems in the temperature range of 200°C to 500°C. The project will focus on the engineering of Supported Molten Salt catalysts, i.e. materials that contain as the catalytic active film a eutectic molten salt mixture which is immobilized on the high internal surface of an inorganic support. Within the project, the H2-SMS-CAT technology will be exemplified for selected dehydrogenation reactions and hydrogen production technologies. The proposed demonstrator applications are of great technical relevance in the context of hydrogen storage and transportation technologies and for catalytic alkane activation. Our team is ideally suited to undertake this venture. We are excited by the idea to combine our top-level expertise in ionic liquid/molten salt chemistry, organometallics and reaction engineering to unlock high temperature applications for molecular defined, homogeneous, high temperature dehydrogenation catalysis. The project will cover aspects of support material engineering, catalytic eutectics development, catalyst and reactor design as well as mechanistic and spectroscopic investigations. In case of success, the outcome of this project will be of fundamental relevance for the whole field of catalysis. New insight into the nature of operating catalytic materials can be expected from a detailed comparison of classical metal-on-support catalysts with our new H2-SMS-CAT systems.

Keywords: reaction engineering,ionic liquids,molten salts,chemical technologies
Five Challenges in Computational Anatomy (FCCA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1740000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1740000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

New medical imaging technologies encode human anatomy in a wide variety of data structures. Computational Anatomy (CA) offers an approach to synthesize this plethora of data by comparison of anatomical features using smooth invertible transformations specific to the data structure. This proposal is for work to develop new mathematical and numerical methods for image analysis in the framework of CA, aimed at meeting the following five challenges in image analysis for the comparison and interpolation of shapes in biomedical images of the heart and the brain. 1. Data structure: Develop a unified approach for registering images encoded in a wide variety of data structures. The unifying concept in our approach is the momentum map, a fundamental concept from the theory of Lie group transformations. 2. Data fusion: After placing the transformations of the variety of data structures into the same conceptual framework using momentum maps, synthesise (fuse) their multiple modalities of information by accounting for the different transformation properties of the different data structures under smooth invertible maps. 3. Multiple resolutions: Develop the momentum map framework to enable registration of data at multiple resolutions by concatenating the Lie group transformations that define the momentum maps. 4. Time-varying (4D) images: Treat time-varying images in this geometric framework by matching snapshots in time using geodesic splines that interpolate the image snapshot from one time to another. Quantity the effects of noise and uncertainty in 4D image analysis. 5. Changes in image topology: Extend the transformative approach to allow changes in topology in passing between images by using the method of metamorphosis. Simply put, the five challenges are: to 1. register images of different data structures and 2. combine them, even at 3. different resolutions; then do the same things with 4. splines and 5. metamorphosis, including noise.

Keywords: variational principles,optimization,image registration,computational anatomy
Angular momentum transfer in galaxy formation and evolution (MOMENTUM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2316000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2316000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project is dedicated to follow angular momentum within structures over a wide range of scales, to trace galaxy formation and the history of mass assembly. Angular momentum is a key parameter to determine galaxy morphology and kinematics. After primordial spin-up by tidal torques, the subsequent evolution may help to understand galaxy formation, although numerical models fail to reproduce large disk galaxies today, by lack of angular momentum. The project will focus on three areas: -- (i) detailed angular momentum transfer due to non-axisymmetric features, such as bars and spirals, in early galaxies, submitted to internal dynamical processes, but also external matter accretion --- (ii) census of angular momentum exchanges during galaxy interactions, transformation from orbital to internal spin, and exchange between the various components, role of the environment on the density of angular momentum, through cosmic filaments, and formation of large-scale structures -- (iii) efficient fueling of super-massive black holes (SMBH) in the early universe, through angular momentum transfer, and study of complex feedback processes, in particular around bright cluster galaxies, at the centre of cooling flows. To address these three issues, we will carry on complementary simulations, with the best state-of-the art codes, tree-SPH, multi-phase including sticky particles, or Eulerian AMR code. The complex baryonic physics will be modelled, and comparisons made while varying methods and physical parameters. The highest resolution will be used to trace angular momentum transfer and resonances in idealised galaxies, but boundary conditions will be obtained from cosmological large-scale simulations. At every step, the simulations will be confronted to observations.

Keywords: angular momentum -- dynamics
Novel Process Windows - Boosted Micro Process Technology (NPW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2496100.0
EU funding (EUR): 2496100.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Novel Process Windows (NPW) is an entirely new way of process design to boost micro process technology for the production of high-added value fine chemicals. Such process intensification demands for microstructured reactors with their excellent capabilities on mass and heat transfer and short residence times with prime constructional and functional features. This proposal is truly comprehensive and holistic as it includes four projects with different NPW facets; starting from a molecular-mechanistic- (New Chemical Trans¬formations) and kinetic-scale (High-Temperature / Pressure Processing) via the scale of reaction environment (Solvent-free Operation and Tuneable / Reactive Solvents) up to a process scale (Process Simplification and Integration). These four individual measures are bundled and directed by a generic project for cross-cutting insight, evaluation through cost and life-cycle analysis, and transfer to a large number of reactions. High-p,T processing will enable for the Claisen rearrangement to shrink reaction times by orders of magnitude and to increase space-time yields consequently. Substantial selectivity increases are targeted for this reaction and the hydroformylation. The latter reaction will make use of tuneable solvents and near-critical water processing. As new chemical transformations with process simplification and integration, the direct oxidation of cyclohexene to adipic acid as one-step synthesis and the copper-catalysed triazole Click Chemistry as one-flow multi-step synthesis will be tested. These new and challenging processing technologies provide highly promising perspectives for future ‘green’ chemical factories to boost sustainability, covering the whole manufacturing chain in one system and providing a multi-purpose infrastructure.

Keywords: novel process windows,micro process technology,process intensification
Using Severe Plastic Deformation for the Processing of Bulk Nanostructured Metals (SPDMETALS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2300000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2300000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The processing of metals through the application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) provides an opportunity for achieving exceptional grain refinement to the submicrometer or the nanometer range. This grain refinement cannot be achieved by conventional methods and it introduces both significant strength and a potential superplastic forming capability. The two most important SPD techniques are Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) and High-Pressure Torsion (HPT). In both procedures, very high strains are imposed without introducing any significant changes in the overall dimensions of the samples. This proposal outlines a research programme based on these techniques. Although processing by ECAP and HPT has attracted considerable attention, there have been few attempts to make use of this technology for the fabrication of commercial products. There are several reasons for this omission. First, both techniques produce materials having high strength but limited ductility. Second, ECAP is a labour-intensive process that must be adapted to provide a continuous processing capability. Third, the flow processes are not understood and recent experiments using HPT show remarkable similarities to fluid flow and plasma turbulence. We will take advantage of the ERC Advanced Grant to investigate these areas with three overall objectives. First, to provide an understanding of the flow processes and the microstructural evolution occurring in metals when using these techniques. Second, to develop procedures for the successful utilisation of these techniques in manufacturing. Third, to evaluate the potential for producing super-strong solids by combining HPT with a surface mechanical attrition treatment to introduce a hard surface layer of nanostructured grains.

Keywords: severe plastic deformation,ultrafine grains
Methodologies and applications of emission measurements on rotorcraft (MAEM-RO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 577000.0
EU funding (EUR): 288500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The air transport industry is paying a lot of attention to growing public concern on the environmental issues of air pollution. Clean Sky is a Joint Technology Initiative that will develop breakthrough technologies to reduce environmental impact. In order to reduce environmental impact from rotorcraft, the Green Rotorcraft integrated technology demonstrator will develop environment-friendly flight paths: they are procedures and mission profiles designed to reduce fuel consumption and NOx emissions. To this aim it is necessary to create a data base containing flue emissions by rotorcraft during flight and in different weather conditions. This data base will be used in order to design green mission profiles; to create complete database, generic rotorcraft will be mathematically modelled to calculate flue gas emissions, by means of state of art numerical codes. Results from numerical codes always need to be validated by extensive test campaign. In this proposal Centro Combustione Ambiente (CCA) proposes as a partner for flue gas emission measurement. In order to perform accurate measurement activity in a not standardized field, CCA will use its broad experience in flue gas measurements from stationary gas turbines. Due to the lack of standard procedures to perform measurements on rotorcraft, CCA will define the most appropriate methodology and the best practices for the measurements of emissions from aeronautical engines. The equipment defined in the methodology will be suitable to operate properly in flight tests. The guidelines from methodology will drive during test campaign to perform accurate measurements of CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 and soot concentration during flight tests. Using data gathered during flight tests, CCA experts will contribute to edit a report with data related to the environmental flight conditions to be used in the optimisation process of flight paths. The final goal is to participate to reduce environmental impact from one of the human activities.

Keywords: exhaust gas emission,flight measurements,green profile missions
Fatigue Test (FATIGUETEST)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 34.0
Total project cost (EUR): 99741.0
EU funding (EUR): 74805.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In reply to the call released by the CleanSky team, named “Fatigue test of sensor integrated CFRP aircraft panels with stiffeners – JTI-CS-2009-2-GRA-01-025”, a consortium has been assembled to perform this project. This consortium encompasses Optimal Structural Solutions Lda (www.optimal.pt) and ISQ – Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade (www.isq.pt). Acting as as sub-contractor, and to guarantee the specimen will be manufactured to aeronautical standards, OGMA – Industria Aeronautica de Portugal S. A. (www.ogma.pt) will also participate. This team has a wide experience in composite aeronautical structures within their fields of expertise. This project requires 3 core sets of competences, which are covered by each of the involved companies, 1) Engineering of aeronautical composite structures and test campaigns definition and coordination - Optimal Structural Solutions; 2) Testing of composite structures and NDT inspections - ISQ; and 3) Manufacturing composite structures to aeronautical standards - OGMA. These competences have been acquired working in projects for leading aerospace companies. Details on the relevant projects are presented in this document. Together, this consortium is confident it has all the required knowledge and experience to successfully perform the task in hand.

Keywords: composite,shm,structural health monitoring,cleansky,fatigue
The Quantum Microscope (QUAMI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2112146.0
EU funding (EUR): 2112146.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to build an optical microscope that will use novel quantum optical concepts in order to break the Rayleigh-Abbe resolution limits of standard optical microscopy. Optical microscopy is still the workhorse of biological and medical research, allowing researchers direct visible view of the microscopic world, and any improvement in the field could have significant impact. Several innovative techniques have been demonstrated in recent years to achieve super resolution, most relate to fluorescence microscopy and requires highly nonlinear excitations and/or novel fluorescence probes, and therefore have more specific applications. Our goal is to demonstrate a general-purpose machine, that is, a microscope that should be able to inspect general transparent or fluorescent objects, in particular biological and medical specimens, and will include several observation modalities. The high-resolution capabilities of the microscope will come from the application of novel photon-number resolving detectors and non-classical light sources. Our strategy is to build this microscope around a standard laser scanning microscope concept, yet we will achieve sub-diffraction imaging by resolving features within the classical diffraction limited spot of the scanning beam. Fast photon-number resolving detectors will record spatial and temporal distributions of photons at the image plane, enabling quantum correlations for enhanced resolution. We will consider several forms of illuminations both classical and quantum light and several microscope modalities, including fluorescence, dark field and differential interference contrast microscopy. We shall also investigate methods to combine quantum microscopy with nonlinear microscopy for further enhancement of resolution. Beyond its immediate goals, this research program will help to determine weather the more novel ideas of quantum metrology are indeed relevant for practical microscopy.

Keywords: microscopy
LE coupon based technology (SMYLE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2009-02, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 27.0
Total project cost (EUR): 197814.6
EU funding (EUR): 148360.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

SMyle involves mathematical modell ing, design, fabrication and testing of a Shape Memory Alloy coupon undergoing actuated controllrd deformation. It is envisaged that two different SM actuating principles will be pursued. In the first approach the actuator will be embedded in the coupon in the form of an active layer whereas in the second approach the use of the so called compliant mechanisms will be investgated with the SMA wires as actuating elements. Work will be carried out as following: Determination of single-cycle/multi-cycle loading conditions which involve the thermal-mechanical and electrical aspects, with empasis on hysteresis, as well as determination of experimental conditions, i.e. surface uniform- & non-uniform actuation type of loading; prediction of specimen's surface response by means of simple analytic methods. Uniform as well non uniform surfaces of the same SMA specimen will be pursued. Testing will include the deformation to the desired shapes repeatedly and measure reproducibility and attainment of desired shape. The effect of temperature will also be evaluated by completing several actuation cycles at temperatures near the SMA transformation temperature. Commercially available SMA will be used and an initial characrerization phase is foreseen. The aim is to have the material behaviour under static and dynamic conditions up to failure. It is foreseen that for every actuating principle the most promising concepts will be bench-tested to evaluate characteristics and highlight challenges. Up to four concepts will be tested in this context. Eventual modification of numerical model and structural correction of the SMA specimen in case of unsatisfactory experimental outcome will be carried out. Finally, a functional SMA specimen and recommendations for future work will be delivered.

Keywords: shape memory alloy actuation coupon