Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Populism in Europe and Latin America: A Cross-Regional Perspective (POPEUAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192849.6
EU funding (EUR): 192849.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the last two decades, populism has been gaining strength in Europe and Latin America. Although the topic has received much scholarly attention, there are no cross-regional studies on this subject. The project seeks to fill this research gap by achieving three main objectives. First, it will develop a minimal concept of populism which is useful for undertaking cross-regional research. Second, it will determine which factors foster and hinder the (re)emergence of populism in Europe and Latin America. Third, it will show that and elucidate why populism takes a different form in each of these regions: while European populism seeks to exclude certain groups (e.g. immigrants) from society, Latin American populism aims to include certain groups (e.g. the poor) to the polity. The innovative potential of this research project lies in at least two factors. On the one hand, by undertaking a cross-regional study it is possible to disentangle features that in different regional contexts tend to appear together with populism but are not necessarily intrinsic to it (e.g. xenophobia in Europe and clientelism in Latin America). On the other hand, the cross-regional comparison will contribute to gain new insights into the ambivalent relationship between populism and democracy, particularly in terms of the impact that the former might have on the latter. Accordingly, it is important to mention that the subject of this research, as well as the knowledge that it intends to generate, goes far beyond the 'ivory tower' of academia. Indeed, populism is a contemporary phenomenon that affects the day-to-day functioning of representative democracy worldwide. Thus the project will contribute to the understanding of a topic that not only is significant for the European Research Area, but also for governments, civil society and public opinion.

Keywords: populism,democracy,comparative politics,europe,latin america
Designing viable Möbius Aromatic Systems using Computational Chemistry (CCMOBIUS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164300.0
EU funding (EUR): 164300.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The concept of Möbius aromaticity, a postulate which states that [4n]annulenes lying in a twisted Möbius strip are aromatic, is fascinating from both theoretical and experimental standpoints. Although this concept was proposed by Heilbronner in 1964, the synthesis of a stable aromatic Möbius system was a challenge during 40 years until 2003. Recently, the expanded porphyrins have emerged as a new class of heteroannulene variants that display a range of interesting electronic and conformational characteristics, including the possibility to switch between Möbius and Hückel topologies with different photophysical properties, applying only small changes in the external conditions (temperature, pH and solvent) or in the structure of the ring (meso-substituent, metal). Despite the numerous applications of such structures, a systematic study on expanded porphyrins has not been made so far. The main aim of this proposal is to design new viable Möbius aromatic compounds from annulenes and expanded porphyrins with applications as non-linear optical materials or molecular transporters. For that purpose, the role of the aromaticity, strain and metallation in the stability of Möbius aromatic compounds and their photophysical properties will be assessed. The comprehensive computational study will deal with the following issues: a) Performance of several density functionals to describe their geometrical, energetic and electrical properties; b) Conformational analysis, classifying the most stable conformers as Hückel, twisted Hückel or Möbius; c) Dynamic switch between Hückel and Möbius topologies, evaluating the solvent and temperature effects; d) Effect of the number and nature of substituents on the pyrrolic and meso position on the viability of Möbius aromatic systems; e) Study of the metal complexes of Möbius-type macrocyclic ligands; f) Molecular dynamics studies of the most appealing Möbius aromatic systems to evaluate their thermodynamic stability; g) NLO properties.

Keywords: computational chemistry,macromolecular chemistry,material science,nanotechnology,density functional calculations,mobius aromaticity,annulenes,expanded porphyrins,metallation,non-linear optics
Estimating monotone boundaries and frontiers (EMBAF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 163800.0
EU funding (EUR): 163800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The estimation of monotone support boundaries is relatively unexplored and still in full development. This research project examines two partial frontier models which provide a valid alternative for purely stochastic ones, that are known to be sensitive to model misspecification, and for completely envelopment models, which often suffer from lack of robustness and precision. The development of mathematical properties under these two recent models is, however, often a lot harder than under the other ones. This project tries to solve this difficulty by attacking many unsolved issues. The added value of this study is three-fold. First, we contribute to the recent literature on robust frontier modeling by tackling the vexing defect of non-monotonicity of large empirical partial frontiers. Moreover, we will regularize both partial frontier estimators by relying on a conditional Generalized Pareto model. Other improvements include the extension to fractional expected-maximum frontiers and to non-positive data. Second, we contribute to the expanding literature on isotonic estimation of a multivariate monotone function by analyzing projection-type versions of its unconstrained estimator. In most studies employing this technique, the difficult question of developing the asymptotic distributional behavior remains unsolved. We will show here that the projected isotonic estimators are free of charge. Finally, we will introduce a new class of specific probability-weighted moments, ‘xpectiles’ called, which parallels the class of quantiles. It will be motivated via several angles, and is expected to afford an appropriate theory that better displays the interesting features of the population distribution. Each of these three research ideas, coming from different areas in statistics is an independent and challenging research project on its own. The methodologies developed and the results found will be important both for a mathematical statistics and an econometrics audience.

Keywords: statistics,support boundary,partial frontier,monotonicity constraint,isotonic estimation,extreme values,conditional quantiles,probability-weighted moments,asymptotics,econometric functions.
From Minimally Autonomous Biological Individuals to Collectively Associated Autonomous Adaptive Agents (ABIADA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160865.6
EU funding (EUR): 160865.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A great difficulty in theorizing and explaining living systems and their evolutionary patterns, is due to their individual-systemic and collective-evolutionary characteristics being so strongly and deeply intertwined. Biological individuals aggregate to collectively form more complex and diverse forms of biological organization in time, thus new forms of functionally and interactively diverse adaptive agents are produced. The problem is when one tries to specify the conditions and the terms in which such an organization and the respective evolutionary characteristics can be accounted for. Autonomy is considered as the fundamental concept to characterize and explain the underlying organization of several complex patterns of those evolutionary transitions. So far, only the concept of basic (minimal) autonomy is theoretically established, providing a naturalized explanation for the basic biological organization indicated by the metabolic functioning of living systems, at the level of the cell. Therefore, the project will examine: i) whether the concept of autonomy may account for more complex forms of collective associations of basically autonomous individuals, ii) whether general principles, that increase autonomy, and underlie evolutionary transitions in biological individuals, can be found, iii) whether forms of minimal cognition could appear through a process of creating new integrated forms of autonomy. The research will be carried out by a interdisciplinary analysis of diverse biological systems with diverse levels of complexity. It will provide conclusions for each objective on the background of complex-systems–based descriptions by constructing models with an emphasis on the characteristics and properties of the functional processes realized in each biological system under study. Overall, this project will build a coherent framework for a robust theoretical explanation and modeling of the properties governing and regulating more complex forms of autonomy.

Keywords: complex systems,autonomy,biological individuals,adaptive agency,minimal cognition,normative function,interaction,philosophy of biology,theoretical biology,alife,autonomous robotics
METABOLOMICS OF TIDAL ORGANISMS TO INDICATE OIL POLLUTION (METOIL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230627.2
EU funding (EUR): 230627.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metabolomics is a new research field that evaluates the changes in the metabolite profiles within organisms as a result of normal physiological processes, from onset of disease, or from exposure to environmental toxins or other stressors. The goal of the METOIL is to understand the metabolomic state of a subject by extracting, identifying and quantifying all the small molecule compounds (metabolites) to assess the toxicological risk and consequences of environmental pollution by polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and other oil hydrocarbons. Metabolomic profiles of different marine organisms (seaweeds, polychaetes and mussels) will be studied to determine whether they can be used as pollution indicators and sentinel biosensors. The analytical methods implemented to characterise the metabolomes of the study organisms will be cutting-edge, powerful, reliable, and so far they are only possible in very few European laboratories. Advanced chemometric methods will be applied to develop a systematic methodology to ascertain how the metabolomes of the study species are affected and the metabolites that mostly determine that trends. METOIL is highly interdisciplinary as it involves analytical chemists, biologist, environmental metabolomics, ecotoxicological risk and chemometricians. METOIL implies cutting-edge, novel research with the ambition of building and applying a new approach for risk assessment related to contamination by spilled hydrocarbons. It is worth noting that METOIL can be applied to monitor the environmental situation of the Galician coast (NW Spain) and other affected areas strongly affected by chronic hydrocarbon spillages caused by the intense traffic of oil tankers navigating through the International Corridor for the Navigation of Special Goods. METOIL will, thus, be relevant to protect intertidal areas which are relevant for seafood and seaweed growing and collection which are intended for human consumption.

Keywords: analytical chemistry,environmental chemistry,metabolomic,pollution,hydrocarbons,oil spill,seaweeds,polychaetes,mussels,polycyclic aromatic compounds,uplc-qtof,chemometrics
Biogenesis of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in children with severe multiorgan disorders (BIOMIT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 157532.0
EU funding (EUR): 157532.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The final goal of the project is to better understand the mechanisms involved in mitochondrial disorders in children caused by the isolated or combined respiratory chain complex I deficiency. Mitochondrial disorders are the most frequent cause of inborn metabolic errors, affecting 1 individual in 5000. Symptoms begin at birth or in early childhood in most cases and generally present as multi-system disorders with a fatal outcome. The majority of the patients die within a few years of the first clinical manifestation. Currently, the genetic origin of the isolated or combined complex I deficiency can be resolved only in the minority of cases suggesting that mutations in yet-unknown factors are a very important cause of disease. At present, the biogenesis of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes is far from understood. Recently, functional complementation and bioinformatic studies carried out in the laboratory of prof. Shoubridge (McGill University, the outgoing host) have led to the identification of two complex I assembly factors and a translational activator for a subunit of complex IV. In this study, in collaboration with prof. Shoubridge, new information on the pathogenesis of mitochondrial disorders is obtained by monitoring the cellular responses at the functional, translational and protein level in different conditions and species. Novel pathogenic mutations will be identified as the underlying genetic cause of the isolated or combined complex I defect in Finnish pediatric patients. In addition, systematic screening of respiratory chain deficient mutants and studies on mice and plants will lead to the discovery of novel factors that control the biogenesis of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This study will be of significant impact on the medical field by providing new targets for genetic analysis of patients with respiratory chain deficiency. The results of this study can be utilized in the genetic counselling of the patients and their family.

Keywords: medical sciences,pediatrics,cell biology,clinical biology,bioenergetics,clinical genetics
The Epic in Medieval and Early Modern Scotland (ELMEMS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-15
End date: 2013-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187610.4
EU funding (EUR): 187610.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project explores the transmutation of the epic in Scotland from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern periods to consider the vital role of texts in codifying the past, legitimising the present and problematising contemporary socio-political anxieties. These texts contributed to the founding of nationalism and the fabrication of the existing national identities all over Europe. The project offers an innovative perspective in Irish and Scottish literary studies since medieval chronicles and historical romances have never been studied in conjunction with renaissance epics. The project will reassess the importance of the epic as a genre and its interaction with other genres; trace its transformation in Scotland and explore the dialogic correspondences between the different manifestations of the epic and historical tensions. Using Stanihurst’s chronicle and translation of the Aeneid, the study determines the formation of archipelagic identities. These pervasive notions of Scottishness, Irishness and Englishness prevailed over the centuries and helped the establishment and promotion of national vernacular culture in written language as an alternative to the hegemonic Latin culture. Translation played a central role in the legitimisation of the vernacular. By translating and making Greek and Latin texts available to contemporary Europe, countries assimilated classical literary precepts and imperial power to their own conception as a nation with a culture of its own. The project will establish the medieval and early modern origins of national and cultural identities in Europe as represented through the epic, which led to future political tensions and will also elucidate the multicultural heritage of Scotland and Ireland.

Keywords: english literature,comparative literature,medieval history
Context-Aware Recommender Systems (CARS) (CARS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166180.8
EU funding (EUR): 166180.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recommender Systems have become essential personalized navigational tools for users to wade through the plethora of online content as they allow users to discover relevant information that they would have never known it existed. In recent years, the importance of this information discovery process as opposed to explicit (keyword-based) search has been emphasized. Current research in Recommender Systems, while taking into account the relation between user and item, often ignores the ``context'' of the recommendation. We define as ``context'' any environmental, temporal or otherwise variable that influences a decision a user might make. Early work on Context-Aware Recommender Systems (CARS) has found that contextual factors do influence the recommendation needs of users. However, the role that each of the contextual variables (e.g. time, location, activity, emotional state, social network, etc.) plays on the user's needs is still not clearly defined. The main aim of this proposal is to build a compact Context-Aware Recommender System (CARS) for mobile and desktop computing devices. The research methodology of this proposal is structured in 3 research objectives: 1) Understanding contextual information in Recommender Systems Where data will be mined in order to uncover underlying patterns in the influence of context on users' preferences. 2) Building Context-aware Recommendation models Which involves using state of the art Machine Learning to build models and algorithms for CARS 3) Building a prototype and deployment Which involves building and deploying a prototype based on the developed algorithms and conducting a user study Modern Machine Learning algorithms have been shown to perform well in Recommendation Tasks and this proposal has a strong algorithmic and methods focus but also aims at knowledge discovery both through Data Mining and Human Computer Interaction techniques.

Keywords: knowledge engineering,recommender systems,context,machine learning,collaborative filtering,information retrieval,user modeling,human computer interaction
XHUNTER: Tracking XSS on the Net (XHUNTER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 219392.8
EU funding (EUR): 219392.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Code-injection attacks through Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in the web browser have observed a significant increase over the previous years. According to a September-2009 report published by the SANS Institute, attacks against web applications constitute more than 60% of the total attack attempts observed on the Internet. Web application vulnerabilities such as SQL injection and Cross-Site Scripting flaws in open-source as well as custom-built applications account for more than 80% of the vulnerabilities being discovered. In this project we propose the design and development of a prototype that can inspect passively the network for extracting URLs that can potentially exploit a web application, through XSS. The detector assumes that all URLs that contain parts that can produce a valid JavaScript syntax tree are considered suspicious. We will develop tools that identify text fragments of URLs, exchanged in the network, that produce a valid JavaScript syntax-tree of high depth. These URLs are considered as possible XSS exploitation attempts.

Keywords: technological sciences