Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
E-taxonomy of Sino-Himalayan Umbelliferae (Apiaceae): diversity, phylogeny and species modelling through new web-based tools (UMBEL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project addresses fundamental gaps in our knowledge on the diversity and eco-biogeography of Sino-Himalayan Umbelliferae, commonly known as the carrot or parsley family. Many of these plants are medicinal herbs used by Sino-Himalayan communities, and are endangered due to their fragmented and shrinking forest habitat. This study will be achieved through development of a web-based taxonomic workflow supporting phylogenetic and species distribution modelling analyses for four key genera, to shed light on the evolution of mountain Umbelliferae. The three major components of this project are: 1) Aggregation and curation of existing primary datasets, including taxonomic, floristic, morphological, molecular and bibliographic data, into a web-based Virtual Research Environment to create an open online knowledgebase of Sino-Himalayan Umbelliferae; 2) development of the software workflows necessary to integrate the online taxonomic knowledgebase with state-of-the-art Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) tools; and 3) taxonomic, phylogenetic and SDM analyses using the knowledgebase and workflows on four Sino-Himalayan alpine Umbelliferae genera to detect eco-biogeographical patterns of distribution. The results will create a knowledgebase for research and conservation of Sino-Himalayan Umbelliferae; enhance the technical landscape for revisionary taxonomy by adding new species distribution modelling functionality to the widely used Scratchpad Virtual Research Environment (http://scratchpads.eu/); act as an exemplar for sustainable integrative taxonomy in a rapidly changing technological landscape; and contribute to a better understanding of how alpine Umbelliferae evolved in response to their local environment. The analysis will be vital to identify the potential range of these species in their remote mountain habitats, and predict the long-term impact of climate change on their distribution.

Keywords: e-taxonomy,umbelliferae,sino-himalaya,biodiversity,informatics,natural history,virtual research environments
The Sociological Aspects of the Management of Intersexuality (INTERSEXIONS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2017-11-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 350669.8
EU funding (EUR): 350669.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In June 2013, the Foreign Affairs Council of the European Union adopted guidelines to promote and protect the enjoyment of all human rights by sexual minorities, including, for the first time, intersex persons, those who are born with chromosomal, hormonal, and/or anatomic variations, that do not fit the typical definitions of female and male. In March, again for the first time, the United Nations Special Report on Torture recommended the member States to avoid unnecessary surgical and pharmacological interventions often used to “normalize” primary and secondary sexual characteristics in intersex children. The present project aims to investigate, in a comparative and diachronic way with an interdisciplinary approach, the medical, juridical, and social practices adopted in the management of intersexuality in Europe (focusing on the Italian case, where a conspicuous intersex movement does not exist yet) and in the U.S. (the cradle of the intersex movement). The goals of the research are: to investigate the socio-cultural changes in commonly adopted intersex protocols over time and their significance for the social actors involved; to analyze the intersex people’s (those medicalized and not) points of view; to inquire into how feminist movements and GLBTQ (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer) organizations, which focus on self-determination rights, deal with (or not) the intersex issue, and the links among them; to analyze the different strategies adopted by intersex associations, depending on their viewpoint (pathologizing or not); to identify the best practices vis-à-vis intersex issues in the U.S.,, Europe, and the rest of the world; to contribute to the debate on the power dynamics found within the gender binary structure, heteronormativity, and bioethics. The methodology is a combination of quantitative (using the few collective data available) and qualitative (in-depth interviews, autobiographical narratives, digital ethnography) sociological research.

Keywords: intersex sex/gender binary system differences (disturbs) of sex development pathologisation heteronormativity citizenship,sexual and human rights bioethics self-determination feminism queer theory
Early detection of emerging viruses by next generation in situ hybridization (WILD SCOPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175974.6
EU funding (EUR): 175974.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Europe is a recognized hotspot for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). A total of 72% of zoonotic EID events have a wildlife origin. Those countries that conduct disease surveillance of their wild animal populations are therefore more likely to detect potential EID events at an early stage and to swiftly implement countermeasures. Detecting viruses in wildlife samples is currently done using serology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), or PCR among others. Although these techniques have their merits, they also have significant disadvantages: they either have a low specificity or require logistics that are not feasible or at best are difficult to apply in wildlife sampling. Although the proposed novel technique of in situ hybridization (ISH) has some shortcomings that have to be taken into account, it does not have these disadvantages. It provides an opportunity to profile multiple messenger RNA transcripts at a single cell level, and enables the detection of single-copy genes. As compared to PCR, ISH produces clinically relevant information regarding cellular and tissue context. Importantly, ISH can be applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections, which easily can be transported and stored without biohazard or cold-chain constraints; this is a major advantage in wildlife disease surveillance. The objectives of this research are, first, to set up specific ISH techniques for the detection of viruses in FFPE tissues, including members of the families Asfarviridae, Bunyaviridae, Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, and Paramyxoviridae. This list is open-ended in case new viruses emerge in Europe. Second, to validate and use the ISH in a selected group of viruses and in real disease surveillance settings in the southern and eastern European borders and in EU surrounding countries. In summary, the proposed research will be of importance for the EU to help better protect itself against the incursion of emerging pathogens.

Keywords: virology,ecology,early detection,emerging infectious diseases,rna-in situ hybridization,novel technologies,one health,risk,surveillance,virus,wildlife,zoonosis.
Competition-Induced Novel Quantum States (COMPETE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-27
End date: 2017-01-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 194046.6
EU funding (EUR): 194046.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our project aims at an experimental investigation of exotic states of matter, particularly, quantum criticality and quantum spin liquid where quantum criticality seems to play a major role, which are rapidly expanding fields in physics and material chemistry. We focus on itinerant ferromagnetic quantum critical systems and geometrically frustrated novel triangular corner sharing kagome antiferromagnet and edge sharing Mott insulators, which display exotic properties stemming from quantum fluctuations and are robust to perturbations. We plan to explore the novel quantum states and low lying excitations of these materials with the state of the art thermodynamics, NMR, and muSR techniques down in sub-Kelvin temperature range. Our experimental findings will address most of the enduring issues in ferromagnetic quantum criticality and frustrated magnetism and will trigger a revival of the existing theoretical models and conceptual ideas. We plan to study the field induced effects which shed lights on quantum criticality and quantum phase transitions. We also plan to unravel the nature of magnetic correlation by introducing non-magnetic impurities in the host frustrated magnets. Our investigation will reveal the nature of collective excitations and intrinsic susceptibility on a local stand.

Keywords: quantum spin liquids,frustration,kagome,quantum criticality,quantum magnetism
Sounds of Rock Art. Archaeoacoustics and post-palaeolithic Schematic art in the Western Mediterranean (SONART)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-15
End date: 2016-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project will contribute to enhance and improve the study of the archaeoacoustics of post-paleolithic rock art, a line of research still in its infancy in Europe. In the human and social sciences, research on intangible heritage is on the rise, and archaeology has much to contribute. The project will focus on the relevance of acoustics as a factor for the production, location and active use of rock art sites and landscapes. It will do this by investigating resonance, reverberation, echoes and soundscapes of a sample of six areas with Schematic rock art shelters dating from Neolithic to Early Bronze Age in the Western Mediterranean located in Italy (Gargano and Abruzzo), France (Var and Vaucluse) and Spain (Montblanc and Cieza). Schematic rock art is the only rock art tradition that is common in the whole of the Western Mediterranean. This style is characterised by the stylization and abstraction of representations, that are turned into mere outlines without losing the minimal identifying features. The aim of the project is to provide a level of objectivity, precision and accuracy in acoustic measurements and to develop a comparative study of the sensorial experiences sought by prehistoric communities. The objectives are: 1/ to explore whether the selection of schematic rock art sites to be decorated was related to the sonority of the place, in particular on the basis of their potential for enhancing resonance and reverberation and for producing echoes; 2/ to assess in each location what type of sound produces better effects, whether sounds made by percussive, wind instruments or by vocal music; 3/ to verify whether reverberation and echoes are associated with the presence or absence of particular motifs; 4/ to infer commonalities in the cultural conventions regarding sensorial experiences; 5/ to contrast the information obtained about acoustics during the fieldwork with the data gathered on prehistoric musical instruments of the studied area.

Keywords: archaeoacoustics,schematic rock art,post-paleolithic rock art,iconography,gis,soundscape,acoustics,musicology,musical instruments,prehistory,western mediterranean,spain,france,italy
Pd(II)-catalyzed direct Csp3-H functionalization of amines: a new platform for the synthesis of privileged molecules. (HINDAMINE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Chemical synthesis, as central science, has a tremendous impact in Society by providing highly valuable compounds as new materials, drugs, sensors or sources of energy. Today, the way we get through those molecules is still a problem to solve. The development of novel methodologies for their efficient and straightforward construction is very relevant for Society, in the short, medium and long term. The last decade has seen the development of a new reactivity concept, taking advantage of the ubiquitous of C-H bond. The direct functionalization of this bond brings forth a more economical and faster way for the derivatization of organic compounds. Consequently, the design of metal catalyzed C-H bond functionalization has become a flourishing area in organic synthesis. This proposal details a design blueprint for palladium catalyzed direct Csp3-H bond functionalization of amines without the presence of any directing group. This will constitute a significant breakthrough in the field of metal catalyzed C-H bond functionalization allowing that “unfunctionalized” molecules become synthetic intermediates in synthesis. To achieve our goal we propose the use of easily accessible cyclic hindered amines as a new versatile platform for the functionalization of Csp3-H bonds. These cyclic cores are easily synthesized from the corresponding ketones and amino alcohols and therefore, after the corresponding functionalization step following by deprotection, we could access to γ-functionalized amino alcohols and β-functionalized ketones. Thus, the same chemical platform would allow us to functionalize two different families of important chemical compounds highlighting the impact that the technology presented in this proposal could have in the organic chemistry field. The work will therefore be multi-stranded, rich and broad and offer an excellent training to the Marie Curie Fellow.

Keywords: organic synthesis,c-h bond functionalization,oxidative cross-coupling,amines,synthesis of privilege molecules.
Linking abiotic and biotic stress into the net outcome of plant interactions (BIOSTRESS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-15
End date: 2017-05-14
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 265263.3
EU funding (EUR): 265263.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Changes in biotic interactions are one of the key drivers of biodiversity loss. In order to preserve biodiversity, it is essential to achieve a deep understanding on all aspects of biotic interactions. Plants benefit from positive interactions but, at the same time, they have to cope with detrimental agents that cause plants to become stressed. Most studies have examined biotic and abiotic stressors separately. However, biotic interactions may also influence plant performance under abiotic stress and, simultaneously, abiotic stress may affect the net outcome of biotic interactions. This IOF proposal is aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying plant interactions at increasing levels of both biotic and abiotic stress and would serve to improve our knowledge of how plants can respond to current global change. Thus, we will use two main consequences of the current global change as stressful agents: 1) The increase of water deficit (abiotic stress) and 2) The increase of herbivore pressure (biotic stress). The general objective of this proposal is to combine both sources of stress to analyse whether they may alter the sign and strength of different plant interactions. This will be performed in Mediterranean oak woodlands (California and Spain) where both sources of stress (drought and overpopulation of herbivores) are considered important drivers of biodiversity loss. We will use field and lab data in seedling performance (survival and growth) and spatial explicit models to analyse plant interactions at different levels: intraspecific (above vs. below ground), interspecific (shrub-tree) and plant-animal interactions (seed dispersal). The multidisciplinary character of this proposal, combining global change biology, applied ecology (restoration and forest management) and computer science (complex model implementation) represents a novel and ambitious approach that will produce scientific advances and new directions within this challenging topic

Keywords: stress gradient hypothesis,land-use change,climate change,herbivory,plant interactions,plant defense,competition,shrub facilitation,forest regeneration,ecological restoration,reforestation
Skyrmion devices and their high frequency dynamics (SKYHIGH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Skyrmions are particle-like solutions of nonlinear equations that are now found in many physical contexts, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, the quantum Hall effect, and liquid crystals. Chrial magnetic skyrmions have recently been discovered, manifesting themselves as whirling spin structures including all possible spin directions. These novel spin textures are now being studied in earnest due to their prospects for applications in data storage. Most current mass storage devices are hard disks, but further improvements are challenging due to the fragility of their mechanical parts. Therefore, comparably high density solid-state devices are required to improve mass storage performance reliability and reduce energy consumption. Skyrmions are excellent candidates for a breakthrough in this problem, since they can be moved using spin-polarised currents with exceptional ease. Experimental studies of magnetic skyrmions are at a very early stage, however: most work has been done on bulk crystals, with very little on technologically-compatible thin films and nothing on nanoscale devices. The host group has recently demonstrated the stabilization of skyrmion textures in epilayers of FeCoSi and FeGe. This permits the fabrication of skyrmion-based spintronic devices. Their expertise in high frequency measurements of the spin dynamics of nanostructures is lacking, however. The experience that the fellow can bring from his background in a world-leading group in making and interpreting such measurements in conventional magnetic vortex-bearing nanostructures is essential to realize the technological potential of skyrmions in spintronics. Establishing methods for the high frequency excitation of skyrmion motion and its subsequent detection method will lead to improvements in spin-transfer efficiency by material engineering, analysis of transport mechanisms, and scaling into the nanometer regime, ultimately allowing electrical manipulation and detection of single skyrmions.

Keywords: spintronics,spin dynamics,material engineering,application,epitaxial,skyyrmion,domain wall,topological effect,spin-orbit coupling,high-frequency measurement
2LoopAccuracy4LHC (2LOOPACCURACY4LHC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199317.6
EU funding (EUR): 199317.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The experimental program at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN has been very successful, leading to the discovery of a Higgs-like boson in 2012. However, the LHC experiments have so far not uncovered direct signals of new physics beyond that of the Standard Model. One may therefore anticipate an increased focus on precision measurements during the second run of the LHC, scheduled to start early 2015. This raises an acute need for increased theoretical precision in order to observe signals of new physics hiding in the QCD background. Owing to the large number of different processes and the complexity of evaluating their cross section, the traditional computational methods are not suited to meet the demands of the LHC. An accurate quantitative understanding of the QCD backgrounds therefore urgently requires the development of sophisticated new tools for their evaluation. Precision measurements call for next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculations. These calculations make use of two-loop scattering amplitudes as key ingredients. This proposal aims to develop novel methods for computing two-loop scattering amplitudes. The methods will lay the foundation for automating the computation of two-loop amplitudes. This would allow the computation of currently unattainable processes needed for LHC phenomenology. The underlying framework is a two-loop extension of generalized unitarity techniques which have proven remarkably successful in the computation of one-loop amplitudes and subsequently been implemented in modern software libraries such as BlackHat, CutTools, HELAC-NLO, MadLoop, NGluon, Rocket, and SAMURAI. I anticipate that the computational techniques to be developed under this proposal will be implemented in the BlackHat software library, allowing it to become a tool for NNLO calculations serving searches for new physics during the next run of the LHC. This proposal will also develop cross-disciplinary links between particle physics and algebraic geometry.

Keywords: precision physics for the lhc,nnlo calculations,two-loop amplitudes,unitarity techniques,analytic evaluation of master integrals