Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Did elite human capital trigger the rise of the West? Insights from a new database of European scholars (UTHC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2026-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1311263.0
EU funding (EUR): 1311263.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

My aim is to determine the role of elite knowledge and upper-tail human capital (UTHC) in triggering the rise of the West. I propose to build a database of a large sample of academic scholars in Europe over the period 1000CE-1800CE. Sources will be primary (published cartularia and matricula), secondary (books on the history of universities & academies), and tertiary (biographical dictionaries). To measure the quality of scholars, these data will be matched with the existing catalogues of publications. Second, we will build a geographical grid of the density, composition, and quality of the UTHC across time, and correlate the UTHC at the cell level with the adoption of new techniques and better institutions, and the development of literacy, numeracy, and urbanization. The individual character of the data will allow basing causal identification on exogenous variations in the European network of both individuals and universities. The migration pattern of scholars will be used to identify sorting and agglomeration forces, witnessing to the functioning of an academic market in the medieval and early modern periods. Families of scholars will be identified to assess the importance of nepotism vs human capital transmission. Third, we will develop a new theory of the complementarity between sciences and techniques, to deter-mine the incentives under which codified knowledge and practical skills interact, and ideas spread. A second new theoretical model will be devoted to revealing the dynamic interactions between conservative and modern forces within universities and learned societies; the key trade-off here is between vested interests and new paradigms, letting scholarly elites develop a culture of growth. With the data gathered, we will be able to measure the importance of these theoretical mechanisms and how the UTHC and society interact. Overall, I intend to rethink economic growth by unraveling the rich interactions between scholars & literati and its emergence.

Keywords: human capital,knowledge,development,universities
Metabolic imaging of the joint (METAJOINT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: FET Innovation Launchpad (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-03, 2019)
Start date: 2020-08-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Osteoarthritis is a painful and disabling life-altering joint disease and the most common form of disability in our society. There are very limited treatment options for osteoarthritis and in most cases, osteoarthritis is slowly progressive, sometimes over a period of decades. More than 10% of entire the population in Europe has osteoarthritis in knee, hip or hands that leads to disability, pain and limited quality of life. In the METAJOINT study we propose to test new metabolic imaging methods of joint disease using MRI that can visualize the distribution of specific elements such as sodium, phosphorus and deuterium. As these elements are taken up in the tissue dependent on disease characteristics, the method can identify tissue turnover or metabolic aspects of the diseased or healthy joint, whereas conventional MRI detects hydrogen protons that provide only the amount of tissue such as cartilage thickness or volume. The aim of METAJOINT concerns the scanning of a limited set of a total of 15 patients for three imaging methods to scan for respectively phosphorus, sodium and deuterium, showing - for the first time – subchondral bone turnover through uptake of bisphosphonates, sodium retention in cartilage in patients with high salt concentration, and glycosaminoglycan turnover in cartilage through uptake of heavy water. This new ground-breaking evaluation method for joint disease will help pharmaceutical companies with better outcome measures in order to find disease modifying medication that can treat osteoarthritis and it can be used by physicians and surgeons for early detection of osteoarthritis and early prediction of the course of the disease, which helps to better guide patients with early or late phase osteoarthritis.

Keywords: osteoarthritis,metabolic imaging,joint degeneration,cartilage,bone
Expert Rule? Judges, Lawyers, and the Practices of Interpretation in International Criminal Law (EaRL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200194.8
EU funding (EUR): 200194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Since the end of the Cold War, the number of international courts has increased significantly, indicating a growing judicialisation of global governance. At the same time, international judges have begun to change and potentially even create law through their decisions. In international criminal law, a particularly drastic example, international judges repeatedly described the development of international criminal law as one of their main achievements. But have these courts, 15 years after the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court entered into force, been able to deliver on their objective? How far do judicial interpretations matter in global governance more broadly? Applying an innovative interdisciplinary approach that draws on legal theory, this project (EaRL) capitalises on the recent “practice turn” in International Relations theory to develop a novel theoretical and empirical account of interpretive judicial authority in global governance. EaRL is based on a systematic analysis of all 240 available judgements of international criminal and hybrid courts, including the International Criminal Court, the ad hoc Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and Rwanda (ICTR), and the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL). In addition, it uses over 40 in-depth expert interviews with international judges, staff at civil society organisations, and government representatives. Ideally located at iCourts, the University of Copenhagen’s globally leading Centre of Excellence for International Courts, EaRL will enable the experienced researcher to complete her interdisciplinary training and to make a timely contribution to the Centre’s impressive body of knowledge on international courts. In addition to its academic impact, EaRL ultimately aims to enhance the judgement-writing process at international criminal courts and to improve the general public’s understanding of international criminal justice.

Keywords: international courts,authority in international law,international criminal law,international relations theory,legal theory,practice theory,bourdieu,legal elites,legal interpretation
Thixotropic Piston Injection system for Metallic Injection Moulding (TPI-MIM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Nanotechnologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Accelerating the uptake of nanotechnologies advanced materials or advanced manufacturing and processing technologies by SMEs (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 3.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

MTC are an Austrian company specialised in the production of plastic and magnesium metallic injection moulded components and injection moulding tooling development. The automotive industry uses a large number of complex metallic and plastic components which are often die-casted/injection moulded when using thermoplastics or non-ferrous metals. Injection moulded plastic parts are lees stiff and non-shock resistant compared to their metallic counter parts which are generally die-casted. Die-casting has disadvantages compared to metallic injection moulding such as higher energy usage (higher temperatures), heavier finished components and decrease tool lifetime. The current alternative to die-casting (thixomoulding) is to use metal in a semi-solid state which allows greater control of the flow rate of the metal and allows thinner walls and therefore more lightweight components which retain their strength and durability. However, the heating method (screw heater) only allows a limited shot size and this has led to a reluctance of die-casting companies to take up thixomoulding. MTC has identified a business opportunity for developing a heating/injection method for the thixomoulding process which can allow greater shot size equivalent to that of die-casting. Developing our Thixotropic Piston Injection – Metallic Injection Moulding system (TPI-MIM) has allowed MTC to not only to improve the shot size of thixomoulding machines but also allows the conversion of conventional die-casting machines in only 2 hours. By converting die-casting operations to our TPI-MIM technology we can save our clients up to 30% energy usage, up to 50% less material used and up to 50% weight reduction. With the market for die casted automotive parts reaching €32 billion globally in 2015 and is set to reach €48 billion by 2020, and the push for lightweight automotive components made from aluminium-magnesium which retain their strength there is a huge market for thixomoulding conversion

Keywords: thixomould,thixomoulding,moulding,metallic,die casting,magnesium,aluminium,semi solid,automotive,components,injection,metals,lightweight,thinner,strong,durable,advanced,environmental
Multimodal Spectral Imaging for Canine Skin Erythema Estimation: from the Lab to the Clinic – DogSPEC (DogSPEC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Latvia
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-08-22
End date: 2020-04-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 145904.4
EU funding (EUR): 145904.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this action, we propose a novel portable and cost-effective multispectral device for smartphones that will monitor dog skin health in terms of erythema. Up to 50-% of European households own a dog, and the five of the ten most common reasons for a veterinary visit can be reflected in erythematous skin. Currently, there are no methods for the objective estimation of the intensity of erythema. In this action, we will first develop multispectral near-infrared device for the detection of extra absorption peaks of hemoglobin. In order to learn about hemodynamics, we will continue with objective measurements of capillary refill time. Then, we will develop a device for the multimodal acquisition of visible multispectral and fluorescence images and near-infrared multispectral data. This will serve for an estimation of erythema intensity by calculating an erythema index. The latter will be validated using existing dermatological tests (e.g. CADESI) in order to study whether erythema index can replace erythema visual assessment. Finally, we will investigate if there is any correlation between erythema and underlying causes (tumors). The proposed methods can simplify and improve current diagnostic procedures in veterinary dermatology. The action will improve the experienced researcher’s knowledge and skills in both fields of his profession: biophotonics and veterinary medicine, which will lead to well integrated interdisciplinary knowledge. This will allow the researcher to address interdisciplinary research challenges much better and, consequently, enhance his future career prospects. Furthermore, he will also obtain additional training to acquire extra professional skills (e.g. mentorship). Moreover, the beneficiary’s biophotonic techniques will be upgraded and promoted in the new scientific field (i.e. veterinary medicine). Additionally, the host will be able to better validate his work with higher number of samples, which will make research in human medicine much safer.

Keywords: biophotonics,spectral imaging,multispectral,rgb imaging,photonics,spectroscopy,biomedical optics,ultraviolet,visible,near infrared,veterinary dermatology,allergy,erythema
LARGE AREA FLUIDIC WINDOWS (LaWin)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Technologies enabling energy-efficient systems and energy-efficient buildings with a low environmental impact
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Belgium,Czechia
Call: Materials for building envelope (H2020-EeB-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7508780.88
EU funding (EUR): 5481912.25
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

An important target of Europe 2020 is climate change and energy sustainability. To reach the ambitious aims, it is necessary to improve the energy performance of buildings in operation. Embodied energy in materials presents a high percentage of the energy spent in the whole life cycle of a building, so new materials are needed. Therefore we will develop within this project a novel material solution for ultra-efficient solar energy harvesting and heat exchange through an active building envelope. We thereby address the two technical applications of windows and facades, into which we will implement LARGE AREA FLUIDIC WINDOWS (LaWin). LaWin represents the vision of large-area microfluidic windows and facade elements which are based on four types of new materials: low-cost thin and strong cover glasses, microstructured rolled glasses of architectural quality, a glass-glass compound comprising microfluidic channels and a heat storage liquid designed for transparency and/or active functionality in facade and window implementation. LaWin devices will be designed to build on existing platforms and geometries used in triple glazing and facade elements to enable rapid market access and acceptance. Expected impacts: - Reduction of embodied energy and CO2 to 0 for window surfaces after four months of using (possible because of using regenerative energy with windows for climatisation of buildings, high insulation) - Reduction of at least 123 000 t CO2 per year for heating (goal: at least 2% of window furnaces in Europe) - Improving thermal insulation figures for window surfaces by at least 20% - Reduction of total costs-Purchase price is higher, but running costs are really low - Demonstration of at least a 10% reduction of the energy spent during the whole life cycle of a building; - strengthen competitiveness for all project partners - Clear and transparent information to facilitate better decision making - High quality and environmentally friendly alternative for the build

Keywords: material development,building envelope,technology development
Tissue In Stroke Stratification Using e-ASPECTSTW (TISSUE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Clinical research for the validation of biomarkers and/or diagnostic medical devices (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Stroke is a burden with far reaching socioeconomic impact. The only approved treatment in ischaemic stroke is intravenous thrombolysis, which is restricted to 4.5 hours after symptom onset and currently, only 20% of all stroke cases are eligible to receive it. An additional 25% remain untreated because they arrive at the hospital with unknown time of onset. The objective of the “Tissue In Stroke Stratification Using e-ASPECTSTW” (TISSUE) proposal is to clinically validate the ASPECTS method and its automated version, the medical device software e-ASPECTSTW, as an imaging biomarker on Non-Contrast Computed Tomography (NCCT) brain scans for identifying ischaemic stroke patients with unknown time of onset who can benefit from thrombolysis. e-ASPECTSTW addresses the growing worldwide market of 3,250,000 patients (275,000 patients in Europe) every year having a stroke with unknown time of onset. The annual global market size of e-ASPECTSTW is 325,000,000 Euros. Users of e-ASPECTSTW will be hospitals worldwide that provide acute stroke treatment. e-ASPECTSTW will be integrated in existing clinical pathways offering a standardised, fast, reliable and easily accessible assessment of NCCTs. This will increase the uptake of thrombolysis and provide significant economic benefits to hospitals and the health system. The commercial exploitation of the project results will enhance the growth of Brainomix Ltd leading to increased revenues, profits, employment and will position Brainomix as leaders in imaging biomarkers for neurological and cerebrovascular disorders. The output of the feasibility study will be a full business plan, including an analysis of the European and global stroke market, an analysis of direct, indirect and potential competition; a detailed business model and pricing strategy as well as financial projections and a detailed design and budget of the prospective multi-centre clinical trial including the participating stroke units.

Keywords: stroke,aspects method,medical imaging software,computed tomography,thrombolysis,unknown time of onset,medical device
Solar Energy to Biomass - Optimisation of light energy conversion in plants and microalgae (SE2B)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Finland,Sweden,France,France,Czechia,Czechia,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (ITN-ETN) (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3839377.33
EU funding (EUR): 3839377.33
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

In the face of the increasing global consumption of fossil resources, photosynthetic organisms offer an attractive alternative that could meet our rising future needs as clean, renewable, sources of energy and for the production of fine chemicals. Key to the efficient exploitation of these organisms is to optimise the conversion of Solar Energy into Biomass (SE2B). The SE2B network deals with this optimisation in an interdisciplinary approach including molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics and biotechnology. Regulation processes at the level of the photosynthetic membranes, integrating molecular processes within individual proteins up to flexible re-arrangements of the membranes, will be analysed as a dynamic network of interacting regulations. SE2B will yield information about the similarities and differences between cyanobacteria, green algae, diatoms and higher plants, the organisms most commonly employed in biotechnological approaches exploiting photosynthetic organisms, as well as in agriculture. The knowledge gained from understanding these phenomena will be directly transferred to increase the productivity of algal mass cultures for valuable products, and for the development of sophisticated analytic devices that are used to optimise this production. In future, the knowledge created can also be applicable to the design of synthetic cell factories with efficient light harvesting and energy conversion systems. The SE2B network will train young researchers to work at the forefront of innovations that shape the bio-based economy. SE2B will develop a training program based on individual and network-wide training on key research and transferable skills, and will furthermore disseminate these results by open online courses prepared by the young researchers themselves.

Keywords: photosynthesis,solar energy,regulation of light energy conversion,thylakoid membrane proteins,thylakoid structure and dynamics,biomass production,plants and microalgae
Fast And Reliable Surveillance and Identification of Ground asseTs from Space (FARSIGHTS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Engaging SMEs in space research and development (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-12-01
End date: 2018-05-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With over 400 satellites in orbit generating over 100 Petabytes (2022) Satellite imagery analytics are becoming the bottle neck in the Earth Observation data chain. As shown in the Malaysia Airlines flight case, current object detection technologies, Templates, Geometric knowledge-based and Machine Learning, cannot cope with Earth Observation Big Data on an efficient and effective way. SkanSense is solving this problem with FARSIGHTS a patented technology to locate fully automatically (no human supervision) objects in satellite imagery, even without knowing its size and shape. The FARSIGHTS technology is being developed into a software-as-a-service product having in mind the emerging cloud based Earth Observation digital platforms, and GIS software suites that are transforming the Earth Observation services value chain. Phase I Feasibility Study will be focused on product validation with end-users and strategic partners while we continue the technical development (see figure 6). We will meet coating manufacturers, EO digital platforms and GIS vendors (see stakeholders in 3.1.a). Their feedback will enable completing our IR signatures library, performing additional tests and gathering additional requirements to configure the product range and Phase II product development plan. In addition, we will carry out a thorough assessment of the market, IPR and regulatory landscapes. Finally, a Financial Feasibility study will be performed to complete all the elements of a full Business Plan deliverable.

Keywords: earth observation data analytics,earth observation downstream applications,eo big data,copernicus