Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Broadband Quantum-Limited Parametric Amplifier for Astronomy and Quantum Information Technology (SPA4AstroQIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1991678.0
EU funding (EUR): 1991678.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The emerging technology of superconducting parametric amplifiers (SPAs) can achieve quantum-limited sensitivity over broad bandwidth, by utilising the wave-mixing mechanism in a passive nonlinear transmission medium. They are compact, easy to fabricate with planar circuit technology, have ultra-low heat dissipation, and can be integrated directly with other detector circuits. Their performances are far superior to the state-of-the-art high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) amplifier, and they can operate from radio to THz frequencies. Therefore, they could potentially revolutionise almost every kind of microwave, millimetre (mm) and sub-millimetre (sub-mm) instrumentation: from observational astronomy to quantum information experiments. Their deployment as readout amplifiers could improve the heterodyne receiver sensitivity significantly, and enable the construction of large bolometric arrays. Their large bandwidth, high power handling and quantum-noise performance could have profound effect on quantum computing architecture, improve the fidelity to process hundreds of quantum bits (qubit). They can be used as front-end high frequency amplifiers operating at THz frequencies, which is hard to achieve with HEMT technology. In this proposal, I aim to develop: 1) ultra-broadband readout amplifiers for mm/sub-mm astronomical receivers and qubit experiments, which would enable the construction of large pixel-count system; 2) front-end amplifiers at mm frequencies for heterodyne receivers and B-mode Cosmic Microwave Background experiments; and 3) parametric frequency down-converter with positive conversion gain to replace Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor (SIS) as ultra-low noise heterodyne mixer for large array application. The successful development of these programmes not only could transform the mm/sub-mm instrumentation in the future, but could also have huge impact on many other fields such as telecommunications, medical and quantum computing technology.

Keywords: nonlinear physics,electromagnetism,thin films,signal processing,high frequency technology,micro and nano electronics,interstellar medium,formation and evolution of galaxies
Active Resonator Development for nano-EPR of single crystal proteins (Act-EPR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2019-06-23
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171460.8
EU funding (EUR): 171460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In order to keep up with societal challenges of the 21st century, we must devise sustainable ways to efficiently store and retrieve energy from hydrogen. This “hydrogen economy” is one path for the future of clean energy. Nature’s solution to this challenge is a branch of enzymes called hydrogenases which typically use an organometallic active-site to reversibly split molecular hydrogen to hydrogen-ions and energy, in the form of electrons. Here, we choose to focus on [FeFe]-hydrogenase due to its high catalytic behavior. To understand these metallo-enzymes we must be able to study the enzymes grown as a single crystal. Single crystal protein Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) experiments are the ultimate method to study the paramagnetic states of hydrogenases and obtain the full magnetic interactions reflecting the electronic structure of the active site. Ultimately the catalytic activity of the hydrogenase can be understood by relating the information of the magnetic principal axes to the known protein structure of the enzyme. However, the application of single-crystal EPR is severely limited by the small crystals sizes that are usually available (sub-nanoliter to nanoliter volumes). The Key Enabling Technologies outlined in this fellowship have the potential to increase the sensitivity of EPR by a factor of 30 through the application of highly innovative concepts based on planar micro-resonators (PMR). This technology provides the sensitivity needed for the applicant to be the first to study single crystals of the [FeFe]-hydrogenase enzyme with EPR and advance the “hydrogen economy”.

Keywords: electron paramagnetic resonance,magnetic resonance,resonator probe design,single crystal proteins,structural biology,quantum chemical calculations,hydrogenases,metallo proteins
Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing of Hierarchical Li-Ion Battery Electrodes (MIGHTY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1997723.0
EU funding (EUR): 1997723.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Research in the field of micro and nanotechnology has led to the development of materials with fundamentally new or improved functionality, which have the potential to revolutionise electronics, drug delivery, water purification, and energy storage. These scientific discoveries can help address many of the grand challenges our society is facing, but unfortunately, too few of these new materials are implemented in real commercial devices. This is not because of a lack of interest or commercial potential, but often because there are no manufacturing methods available that allow for controlled processing of these materials at scale. This project aims to address this challenge by developing advanced nano and microstructures directly on a scalable Roll-to-Roll manufacturing platform, rather than considering manufacturing as an after-thought. This will be achieved by following a methodical approach, where material organisation is optimised from the bottom-up, starting with the nanoscale chemical material composition, followed by the microscale particle morphology, and finally their large area coating using Roll-to-Roll manufacturing. This hierarchical material build-up will be achieved by taking advantage of emerging scientific insights in robust self-assembly processes, combined with novel coating processes to allow for precise control over the particle flow and assembly on Roll-to-Roll. Our Roll-to-Roll process will be optimised to manufacture Li-Ion batteries with new form factors that allow the enhancement of their volumetric performance. This project will demonstrate for the first time how complex hierarchical battery electrodes can be manufactured with a continuous process. These batteries are important to support the EU’s strong automotive industry as it transitions to electric vehicles, and therefore this project will contribute to the EU economy as well as to the de-carbonisation of our society.

Keywords: li ion batteries,roll to roll manufacturing
PLOMAT AID (PLOMAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: MSCA Special Needs Allowance (H2020-IBA-MSCA-SNLS-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 15.0
Total project cost (EUR): 29026.0
EU funding (EUR): 29026.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

For the successful implementation of the PLOMAT action, it is vital for the MSCA fellow, Dr Christina Tsouparopoulou, on the one hand to do museum field trips both nationally (London, Oxford) and internationally (Greece, Cyprus, the US, Turkey or Georgia/Armenia) and to perform material analysis on the spot, and on the other hand to collect photos and scans of the material from publications available at Cambridge University’s libraries. Due to the MSCA fellow's impaired mobility, both tasks cannot be performed well and without incurring extra costs to the fellow. The funding requested would allow the MSCA fellow to perform both tasks successfully and achieve the objectives of the PLOMAT action.

Keywords: museum fieldtrips
Insights into the role of phages on the bacterial resistome (ROPHARE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain,Switzerland
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-12-26
End date: 2019-12-25
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 254480.4
EU funding (EUR): 254480.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

There is an imperative need to gain knowledge on the spread and evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Recent evidence from environmental, animal and human microbial studies shows that AMR is ancient and environments without contact with anthropogenic antibiotics possess abundant AMR genes. Bacteriophages are the most abundant entities in Earth and recent studies provide indirect evidence for the major role of transduction in the dissemination of AMR genes. Hence, phages might be of critical importance for evading one of the bottlenecks (ecological connectivity) that modulates the transmission of AMR genes from natural environments to animal and human biomes. In this proposal, a holistic and multidisciplinary approach that combines molecular genetics, genomics, metagenomics, in-vitro experimental analysis, computational biology, bioinformatics analysis, and modelling will be followed to measure the potential of naturally occurring phages to be vehicles for AMR transmission and spread in environmental systems with different antibiotic selective pressure. This comprehensive approach will allow us to better understand the phage-bacteria interactions that drive the AMR spread in different ecosystems. From this understanding we expect to be able to design and develop new tools for the control of antimicrobial resistance in clinical and veterinary practice as well as in agriculture. This project will contribute to the objectives of the Work Programme by: 1) allowing the researcher to gain new skills and additional training-through-research in phage and phage-bacteria interactions, computational and (meta)genomic analysis; and to become an EU leading specialist in a research field with emerging growth potential; 2) transferring the acquired knowledge to the EU; 3) establish a long-term collaboration between several centres of excellence that will enhance the quality of research of Europe and make it more competitive and attractive for high-profile researchers.

Keywords: antibiotics,ecology of antibiotic resistance,resistome,horizontal gene transfer,mobile genetic elements,bacteria,pro phage,metagenomics,metaviromics,genomics,bioinformatics
Unraveling Interdiffusion Effects at Material Interfaces -- Learning from Tensors of Microstructure Evolution Simulations (INTERDIFFUSION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1496875.0
EU funding (EUR): 1496875.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Multi-materials, combining various materials with different functionalities, are increasingly desired in engineering applications. Reliable material assembly is a great challenge in the development of innovative technologies. The interdiffusion microstructures formed at material interfaces are critical for the performance of the product. However, as more and more elements are involved, their complexity increases and their variety becomes immense. Furthermore, interdiffusion microstructures evolve during processing and in use of the device. Experimental testing of the long-term evolution in assembled devices is extremely time-consuming. The current level of materials models and simulation techniques does not allow in silico (or computer aided) design of multi-component material assemblies, since the parameter space is much too large. With this project, I aim a break-through in computational materials science, using tensor decomposition techniques emerging in data-analysis to guide efficiently high-throughput interdiffusion microstructure simulation studies. The measurable outcomes aimed at, are 1) a high-performance computing software that allows to compute the effect of a huge number of material and process parameters, sufficiently large for reliable in-silico design of multi-materials, on the interdiffusion microstructure evolution, based on a tractable number of simulations, and 2) decomposed tensor descriptions for important multi-material systems enabling reliable computation of interdiffusion microstructure characteristics using a single computer. If successful, the outcomes of this project will allow to significantly accelerate the design of innovative multi-materials. My expertise in microstructure simulations and multi-component materials, and access to collaborations with the top experts in tensor decomposition techniques and materials characterization are crucial to reach this ambitious aim.

Keywords: computational materials engineering,thermodynamics and kinetics,diffusion,material assembly
Computational Models of Motion for Fabrication-aware Design of Bioinspired Systems (3DPBio)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Bridging the fields of Computer Animation and Computational Fabrication, this proposal will establish the foundations for algorithmic design of physical structures that can generate lifelike movements. Driven by embedded actuators, these types of structures will enable an abundance of possibilities for a wide array of real-world technologies: animatronic characters whose organic motions will enhance their ability to awe, entertain and educate; soft robotic creatures that are both skilled and safe to be around; patient-specific prosthetics and wearable devices that match the soft touch of the human body, etc. Recent advances in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are particularly exciting in this context, as they allow us to create designs of unparalleled geometric complexity using a constantly expanding range of materials. And if past developments are an indication, within the next decade we will be able to fabricate physical structures that approach, at least at the macro scale, the functional sophistication of their biological counterparts. However, while this unprecedented capability enables fascinating opportunities, it also leads to an explosion in the dimensionality of the space that must be explored during the design process. As AM technologies keep evolving, the gap between "what we can produce" and "what we can design" is therefore rapidly growing. To effectively leverage the extraordinary design possibilities enabled by AM, 3DPBio will develop the computational and mathematical foundations required to study a fundamental scientific question: how are physical deformations, mechanical movements and overall functional capabilities governed by geometric shape features, material compositions and the design of compliant actuation systems? By enabling computers to reason about this question, our work will establish new ways to algorithmically create digital designs that can be turned into mechanical lifeforms at the push of a button.

Keywords: computer animation,computational fabrication,motion modeling,physics based simulation and,optimization
Coenzyme- and metabolite-linked RNAs as a new paradigm in epitranscriptomics (RNACoenzyme)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Panel description: Biotechnology using all organisms, biotechnology for environment and food applications, applied plant and animal sciences, bioengineering and synthetic biology, biomass and biofuels, biohazards
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2025-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Background: RNA is an important regulator in biology. Recently we discovered the ubiquitous redox coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to be attached to bacterial RNAs in a cap-like manner, and to modulate the functions of these RNAs, and others identified NAD-RNAs in eukaryotes. Enzymes were discovered that synthesize or break down NAD-RNAs. Scientific problems: NAD is just one of many coenzymes and metabolic intermediates that carry a nucleotide moiety which is not involved in the catalyzed reaction. Yet, it has been conserved through evolution, a fact that suggests high functional relevance. Hypothesis: The nucleotide moiety in coenzymes and metabolites is there for a reason: It enables cells to incorporate these compounds into specific RNAs. Linking reactive organic moieties to RNA may provide a biological strategy to localize these RNAs to enzymes, receptors, membranes or compartments, to sense environmental parameters, or to modulate the turnover or function of the RNAs or their targets. Objectives & research program: The aim of this project is to establish the scope and biological significance of coenzyme-linked RNAs in biology. We will expand the NAD captureSeq protocol to include reduced, phosphorylated, deamidated, and depyridinated NAD-RNAs. We will develop new CoenzymeSeq methods to identify cellular RNAs modified with coenzyme A, flavin, thiamine, and N-acetylglucosamine. We will apply these protocols to RNAs isolated from different organisms to explore the occurrence, abundance, and structural variety of such RNAs. For selected modified RNAs, we will unravel the biological significance and biosynthesis. Impact: This research challenges established textbook wisdom. It will provide fundamentally new links between gene regulation and metabolism in present-day biology and uncover a new layer of epitrancriptomic information. In addition, this project will impact our basic views on the evolution of metabolism and enzymatic catalysis.

Keywords: rna modification,metabolism,biocatalysis,evolution
Stability and Sensitivity Methods for Industrial Design (SSeMID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Belgium,Sweden,Belgium,Belgium,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (ITN-ETN) (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3900232.23
EU funding (EUR): 3900232.23
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

The increasing environmental awareness of the European society has been always present in the aeronautical community, industry and research centres, having a definite influence on the way the aircraft of the future should be. In this line, the ACARE Vision for 2020, a Group of Renowned Personalities in the aeronautical field, has formulated a clear set of requirements for civil transport aircraft operations in order to reach the following specific environmental goals: halving perceived aircraft noise, 50% cut in CO2 emissions per passenger-km and 80% cut in NOx emissions. Many of these goals have a direct connection with the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft; mainly with aerodynamic technologies. Most of the elements of the aerodynamics of conventional aircraft are modelled and understood to some degree but reliable solutions are not available due to new challenges appearing as the technology matures. One of the most common problems is related to stability analysis for configurations in the limits of the flight envelope or when unsteady effects are dominant. This challenge is the object of the research of SSeMID, and is the focus of the international training plan for young engineers employed within the network. The project will provide valuable information for such aerodynamic structures paving the way to its complete industrialization while increasing the academic knowledge regarding instability mechanisms and covering the necessary skills and knowledge to train experts in this area

Keywords: stability analysis,flow control,fluid mechanics,computational fluid dynamics,applied mathematics for aeronautic