Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Plasmon Enhanced Photocatalytic Nano Lithography (NanoGraphy)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2026-06-30
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The emergence of nanoscience and nanotechnology, with envisioned applications spanning from nano-optics and nano-photonics, to plasmonics and nano-electronics, depends on the capability to fabricate a variety of nanometre-scale structures. Despite the impressive development in these fields, breakthroughs remain in the laboratory, largely due to technological limitations in the ability to manufacture complex and accurate nanometer-resolved surface patterns, with satisfying resolution and on large area. The development of a new fabrication methodology is thus required. We propose to develop and demonstrate a novel technique for nanoscale photolithography that would bring 21st century nanotechnology breakthroughs out of the lab and into the public sphere. This technique is based on a chemical mechanism recently discovered in my lab. We revealed that multi-electron photocatalytic reactions could be directed to progress exclusively under a plasmonic field, in a controlled and highly localized manner. In this proposal we describe how this phenomenon may be leveraged for pattering, and high-resolution nano lithography. The project is divided into 3 stages: 1. Fundamentals of the underlying physical phenomena 2. Probe enhanced photocatalytic writing 3. Photolithography via plasmon enhanced photocatalytic mask At the end of the 5-year project we expect to be at a position to demonstrate our platform for lithographic writing of an interesting nano pattern of high quality, and establish the potential of this methodology as a powerful instrument in the nanotechnology researcher’s toolbox. I strongly believe that successful implementation of this project would fundamentally change the way in which nanotechnology affects modern life.

Keywords: plasmonics,nano electronics,nanoscale photolithography,photocatalysis
Brain-viscera interactions underlie subjectivity (BRAVIUS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-12-01
End date: 2021-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2080000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2080000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Subjectivity defines the subject who is perceiving, feeling, thinking, acting, and is essential to understand the conscious mind from the inside. However, subjectivity, or non-reflective first-person perspective, is not identified as a core concept in cognitive neuroscience and its neural basis remain largely unknown. BRAVIUS offers a unified framework to appraise both the concept and the neural mechanisms generating subjectivity. The hypothesis relies on two vital organs that generate their own rhythmic electrical activity, the stomach and the heart, and therefore constantly send information up to the neocortex, even in the absence of bodily change. Cortical responses to those visceral organs would define the organism as an entity at the neural level, and create a subject-centered referential from which first-person perspective can develop. In other words, the cardiac and gastric pacemakers could feed the brain with self-specifying inputs. BRAVIUS builds on previous theories and studies on visceral states but focuses on ascending information, from viscera to brain, and does not require visceral states to change nor to be consciously perceived. Experimentally, BRAVIUS measures the understudied neural response evoked by heartbeats and introduces a new measure, the electrogastrogram, to quantify the slow gastric pacemaker. BRAVIUS will test with magneto-encephalography (MEG) the role of neural responses to ascending visceral signals in generating subjectivity by cutting across domains of cognitive sciences and exploring diverse paradigms where subjectivity is engaged: perceptual consciousness, self-consciousness, emotions and decision making. BRAVIUS will further explore how cardiac and gastric ascending signals shape the temporal (MEG) and spatial (fMRI) organization of spontaneous brain activity. The project outcome is a detailed mechanistic neural account of the most private part of the human mind, and a unified concept of subjectivity across cognitive domains.

Keywords: consciousness,brain body interactions,spontaneous brain activity,magneto encephalography
Robust and Energy-Efficient Numerical Solvers Towards Reliable and Sustainable Scientific Computations (Robust)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2022-07-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196707.84
EU funding (EUR): 196707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Computations in parallel environments, like the emerging Exascale systems, are usually orchestrated by complex runtimes that employ various strategies to uniformly and efficiently distribute computations and data. However, these strategies, pursuing excellent performance scalability, may also impair numerical reliability (accuracy and reproducibility) of final results due to the dynamic and, thus, non-deterministic execution as well as non-associativity of floating-point operations. Additionally, scientific computations frequently rely upon only one working precision for computing problems with various complexities, which leads to the significant underutilization of the floating-point representation or the lack of accuracy. The Robust project aims to address the issue of reliable and sustainable scientific computations through developing robust, energy-efficient, and high performing algorithmic solutions for underlying numerical linear algebra solvers and libraries as well as applying these solutions in applications and kernels at scale. The fellow, Roman Iakymchuk, is an expert in numerical linear algebra and high-performance computing and will collaborate with the research team of Prof. Stef Graillat at the Sorbonne University, who are experts in numerical analysis and computer arithmetic. This unique collaboration and combination of skill sets are crucial to embed numerical reliability and sustainability in algorithmic solutions for linear algebra operations and solvers. The derivation of novel robust algorithmic solutions, which will lead to either faster or more energy-efficient execution, will also grant a user an opportunity to specify the expected output accuracy of computations while ensuring optimal intermediate precisions. This ambitious research project in conjunction with formal training and bespoke mentoring will enhance the fellow's academic profile, research experience, and broaden skill set in numerical analysis and computer arithmetic.

Keywords: floating point arithmetic,numerical algorithms,energy efficiency,numerical reliability,reproducibility
Tropical Forest Degradation Experiment (FODEX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1942471.0
EU funding (EUR): 1698254.63
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

We know how to map tropical forest biomass using an array of satellite and aircraft sensors with reasonable accuracy (±15-40 %). However, we do not know how to map biomass change. Simply differencing existing biomass maps produces noisy and biased results, with confidence intervals unknowable using existing static field plots. Thus the potential for using plentiful free satellite data for biomass change mapping is being wasted. To solve this I propose setting up the first experimental arrays of biomass change plots. In total 52 large plots will be located in logging concessions in Gabon and Peru, where biomass will be assessed before and after logging, and during recovery. In addition to traditional field inventory, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data will give the precise 3D shape of thousands of trees before and after disturbance, allowing biomass change to be estimated without bias. The project’s unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) will collect LiDAR data 4 times over each concession over 4 years, scaling up the field data to give thousands of hectares of biomass change data. In tandem, data from all potentially useful satellites (17+) flying over the field sites over the study period will be ordered and processed. These data will enable the development of new methods for mapping carbon stock changes, with known uncertainty, which I will scale up across the Amazon basin and west/central Africa. For the first time we will have the methods to assess the balance of regrowth and anthropogenic disturbance across tropical forests, informing us about the status and resilience of the land surface carbon sink. As well as of scientific interest, these results are urgently needed for forest conservation: the Paris Agreement relies on paying countries to reduce losses and enhance gains in forest carbon stocks, but we do not currently have the tools to map forest carbon stock changes. Without accurate monitoring it is not possible to target resources nor assess success.

Keywords: satellite imagery,big data,deforestation,forest degradation,redd,forest recovery,natural resource management,lidar,radar,terrestrial laser scanning,permanent sample plots,tropical forest
Polyglot and Hybrid Persistence Architectures for Big Data Analytics (TYPHON)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: BDVA (cPPP)
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Spain,Germany,Belgium,Greece,Greece,Greece,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Big data PPP: research addressing main technology challenges of the data economy (H2020-ICT-2017-1, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4499447.5
EU funding (EUR): 4499447.5
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The need for levels of availability and scalability beyond those supported by relational databases has led to the emergence of a new generation of purpose-specific databases grouped under the term NoSQL. In general, NoSQL databases are designed with horizontal scalability as a primary concern and deliver increased availability and fault-tolerance at a cost of temporary inconsistency and reduced durability of data. To balance the requirements for data consistency and availability, organisations increasingly migrate towards hybrid data persistence architectures comprising both relational and NoSQL databases. The consensus is that this trend will only become stronger in the future; critical data will continue to be stored in ACID (predominately relational) databases while non-critical data will be progressively migrated to high-availability NoSQL databases. Moreover, as the volume and the value of natural language content constantly grows, built-in support for sophisticated text processing in data persistence architectures is increasingly becoming essential. The aim of TYPHON is to provide a methodology and an integrated technical offering for designing, developing, querying and evolving scalable architectures for persistence, analytics and monitoring of large volumes of hybrid (relational, graph-based, document-based, natural language etc.) data. TYPHON brings together research partners with a long track record of conducting internationally-leading research on software modelling, domain-specific languages, text mining and data migration, and of delivering research results in the form of robust and widely-used open-source software, industrial partners active in the automotive, earth observation, banking, and motorway operation domains, an industrial advisory board of world-class experts in the fields of databases, business intelligence and analytics, and large-scale data management, and a global consortium including more than 400 organisations from all sectors of IT.

Keywords: non relational databases,data modelling,data query languages,polyglot persistence,database architectures
Equilibrium methods for Resource Allocations and Dynamic Pricing (EQUIPRICE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2025-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1809595.0
EU funding (EUR): 1809595.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project seeks to build an innovative economic toolbox (ranging from modelling, computation, inference, and empirical applications) for the study of equilibrium models with gross substitutes, with applications to models of matching with or without transfers, trade flows on networks, multinomial choice models, as well as hedonic and dynamic pricing models. While under-emphasized in general equilibrium theory, equilibrium models with gross substitutes are very relevant to these problems as each of these problems can be recast as such. Thus far, almost any tractable empirical model of these problems typically required making the strong assumption of quasilinear utilities, leading to a predominance of models with transferable utility in applied work. The current project seeks to develop a new paradigm to move beyond the transferable utility framework to the imperfectly transferable utility one, where the agent’s utilities are no longer quasi-linear. The mathematical structure of gross substitutes will replace the structure of convexity underlying in models with transferable utility. To investigate this class of models, one builds a general framework embedding all the models described above, the “equilibrium flow problem.” The gross substitute property is properly generalized and properties (existence of an equilibrium, uniqueness, lattice structure) are derived. Computational algorithms that rely on gross substitutability are designed and implemented. The econometrics of the problem is addressed (estimation, inference, model selection). Applications to various fields such as labor economics, family economics, international trade, urban economics, industrial organization, etc. are investigated. The project touches upon other disciplines. It will propose new ideas in applied mathematics, offer new algorithms of interest in computer science and machine learning, and provide new methods in other social sciences (like sociology, demography and geography).

Keywords: networks,matching model,hedonic pricing,computation of competitive equilibrium,gravity equation,minimax regret estimation
STARTlight: cell cycle START decision unraveled by single-cell microscopy, modeling and optogenetics (STARTlight)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165598.8
EU funding (EUR): 165598.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cells across all kingdoms of life have developed exquisite control mechanisms to achieve and maintain the balance between cell growth and division. The decision to commit to cell division is a ubiquitous and essential process, whose dysregulation can dramatically affect cell viability in simple eukaryotes, while leading to tumorigenesis in mammalian cells. In budding yeast, the short interval in late G1 where commitment to cell division is decided, is known as START. Despite years of research, it is still unclear how the transition through START is triggered, and many mutually conflicting hypotheses have been proposed. Recent developments in microfluidics and single-cell microscopy have opened up new avenues for investigating START at the single-cell level. Moreover, thanks to the rapid development of optogenetic tools in the last few years offers the possibility to apply dynamic single-cell perturbations, with great potential for untangling complex intracellular networks. By combining single-cell time-course data on key components of the START network with targeted, reversible and dynamic perturbation of their activities using optogenetic tools, the aim of this proposal is to unravel the mechanisms that trigger START in budding yeast and to quantitatively describe these processes in a mathematical model. The results of this project will thus provide new fundamental knowledge on cell cycle regulation which, thanks to the high degree of conservation between yeast and higher eukaryotes, will be transferrable to other organisms as well.

Keywords: optogenetics,single cell,time lapse microscopy,dynamical systems
Second Generation technologies in ocean Energy (OCEAN_2G)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Finland,France,United Kingdom
Call: Fast Track to Innovation Pilot (H2020-FTIPilot-2016-1, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2019-11-30
Duration (months): 34.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2567562.0
EU funding (EUR): 1909823.4
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The interest for renewable energies has exponentially risen in the last few years. Several factors have contributed to this growth, highlighting the increase of the energy demand, the political instability of many countries that produce fossil fuels, the high fluctuation of oil prices, the countries’ energy dependence and the concern generated by the environmental impact produced by the traditional sources of energy. This fact has boosted the development of numerous renewable energies sources and has promoted the establishment of ambitious objectives by the main world organisations, such as the one set by the European Commission of covering 20% of the energy demand with renewable energies sources by 2020. By using current marine energy harnessing technology, it would be possible to provide up to 13% of the global energy, by extracting 2,200 TWh/year. The OCEAN_2G (Validation and pre-certification of a new 2 MW tidal energy converter) innovation project aims to validate and develop and pre-certify for its later industrialization stage an innovative full-size tidal energy harnessing system solution, ready to enter into European and global markets boosting the growth performance of industrial partners of the consortium and placing itself as a worldwide referent in the manufacturing of floating tidal energy converters. Magallanes Renovables SL has designed, built and tested the 1:10 scale model of the platform in open water conditions, and has finalised the construction of a full-scale prototype. The outcome of this Fast Track to Innovation project is to provide a 2 MW pre-marketable floating tidal energy platform technically validated at Vigo estuary (controlled environment) and in Scotland (real operation conditions) with the involvement in the consortium of the European reference centre for tidal energy, EMEC (European Marine Energy Centre) for the pre-certification of the platform.

Keywords: tidal,energy,ocean
Implementation of an effective and cost-effective intervention for patients with psychotic disorders in low and middle income countries in South Eastern Europe (IMPULSE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Bosnia and Herzegovina,Serbia,North Macedonia,United Kingdom,Montenegro,United Kingdom,Kosovo
Call: Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases (GACD) prevention and management of mental disorders (H2020-SC1-2017-Single-Stage-RTD, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2415633.75
EU funding (EUR): 2415633.75
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Severe mental disorders are major health burden worldwide with a large treatment gap in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) in South Eastern Europe. Policymakers, planners and professional bodies in these countries are committed to closing the treatment gap; however they struggle to overcome basic obstacles such as funding difficulties and lack of qualified staff. IMPULSE aims to facilitate the development of effective community-based mental health care in these countries by implementing an evidence-based, easily deliverable, affordable and cost-saving intervention called DIALOG+. The intervention is a technology-assisted and based on patient-centred communication, quality of life research and solution-focused therapy. It was designed to make routine meetings between clinicians and patients structured, comprehensive and more therapeutically effective. DIALOG+ is effective in reducing clinical symptoms, improving quality of life and reducing treatment costs. IMPULSE brings together a multi-disciplinary Consortium (experts in psychiatry, psychology, implementation science, health economy and transcultural research) to conduct a mixed method, multiple case implementation study across five LMICs - Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. IMPULSE will formulate contextually appropriate approach and optimise delivery of this intervention across different healthcare systems, thus exploring how local, organisational and national factors influence adoption, implementation, sustainability and economic costs. This process will generate new knowledge on how to best develop and organise community mental health care in LMICs through the implementation of effective and generic interventions. We will undertake a series of activities to widely disseminate IMPULSE results to maximise the impact of the research. This will include translating the findings into national implementation guidance and policies in each country.

Keywords: mental health,psychotic disorders,implementation research,low and middle income countries,community mental health care,mental health intervention