Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Targeting auto-reactive B-cells by vaccination to cure human auto-immune disease (Target to B-cure)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2025-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Currently, most human autoimmune diseases are chronic conditions without a prospect of cure. My aim in this proposal is to meet the next major challenge, achieving cure in autoimmune disease. Many autoimmune diseases are characterized by autoantibodies and are remarkably responsive to B-cell targeted therapies, demonstrating that the autoreactive B-cell is central to disease pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the selective and permanent elimination of the autoreactive B-cell, both memory and plasma cells alike, is not presently feasible due to a lack of specific markers and treatments. My aim is to develop a vaccine that will allow the specific and long-lasting depletion of autoreactive B-cells, thereby inducing cure. Using the unique mutated sequences of autoreactive B-cell receptors (BCR), cytotoxic T-cells that specifically eradicate autoreactive B-cells will be induced. This concept extends the remit of vaccines beyond infectious diseases and cancer, into the sphere of autoimmune disease. Using the well-defined autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as prototype, I will study the RA-specific autoimmune response. Our recent findings show that RA is characterized by a restricted, oligoclonally-expanded autoreactive B-cell pool. Using recently developed technologies, my team will identify autoreactive B-cells and the BCR repertoire at several (pre)disease stages. We will then determine the potency of the many non-germline-encoded mutations in BCRs as “neoantigens” amenable to T-cell recognition and vaccination. Incorporating these neoantigens into multiple long peptides covering the autoreactive B-cell repertoire, we will design patient-tailored vaccines and perform a phase I trial to determine the feasibility of specifically depleting disease-causing B-cells. This research will create the possibility for patient-tailored vaccines that can permanently eradicate auto-reactive B-cells in B-cell driven auto-immune diseases; diseases that are still incurable to date.

Keywords: autoimmunity,rheumatoid arthritis,autoreactive b cell,cytotoxic t lymphocyte,vaccine,antigen recognition
ENhanced PhD Fellowship Programme in the Sciences of LIGHT (ENLIGHTEN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Co-funding of regional, national and international programmes (COFUND)-Doctoral programmes
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Co-funding of regional, national and international programmes (H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2025-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3254400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1627200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

ENLIGHTEN is a 60-month MCSA COFUND doctoral fellowship programme that aims at recruiting outstanding early stage researchers (ESRs) to carry out ambitious PhD-projects at ICFO in a wide range of topics at the forefront of the photonic sciences. It will offer 20 highly competitive fellowships of 36 months duration, through 4 calls, to outstanding international candidates, and equip them unique capabilities to become future leaders in the academic and industrial worlds. The objective of ENLIGHTEN is to establish a top-level European PhD program at ICFO-Barcelona, competitive with the best PhD programs in Photonic Sciences worldwide. The support provided by ENLIGHTEN will enable ICFO to continue to enhance the quality and impact of our PhD program with respect to recruitment, training, mentoring and career development. The project aims to: - Provide exceptional training to outstanding international Early-Stage Researchers in the Photonic Sciences - Embed a commitment to Open Science, Scientific Ethics, and the principles of Responsible Research and Innovation - Establish an international benchmark in supervision, mentoring and career development of ESRs - Ensure equal opportunity in the recruitment and training of ESRs from under-represented and diverse international backgrounds, with particular attention paid to women in science. ENLIGHTEN will accelerate the career development of its Fellows, and enhance the European talent base and competitiveness in R&I, strengthen research output and impact in photonic scinece, and enhance key regional and international networks of academic and industrial collaborators. ENLIGHTEN will forge a new generation of leaders with outstanding research skills, a deep commitment the highest professional and scientific standards, and a life-long connection to the institute.

Keywords: photonic sciences,physics,biophotonics,nanophotonics,quantum technolgy,graphene,mobility,training,transferable skills,early stage researchers,international,intersectoral,interdisciplinary
The core and effects of epilepsy: from chronic disease to curable disorder through innovative guided surgery (Epilepsy_Core)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Epilepsy burdens 1% of the population. Brain surgery can cure seizures and stop cognitive decline, but it is complex and often unsuccessful. I aim to advance cure from epileptic brain disease radically by 1) pinpointing the core of epilepsy and 2) understanding the effects on normal brain functioning. High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) are novel markers of the core of focal epilepsy, discovered in long-term invasive EEG. I initiated direct HFO-based guidance of epilepsy surgery with intra-operative invasive electrodes. However, HFOs still appear stochastic epiphenomena. Therefore, I will now uncover the direct microlevel high-frequency EEG reflection of the distorted cortex. I will use three macrolevel signal prerequisites for seizure and HFO generation to innovate intra-operative recording and signal analysis: susceptible (evoke with long-distance electrical stimulation; cross-frequency coupling), sudden (low-noise adhesive electrodes; auto-regression) & spreading (high-density recordings; functional connectivity). I will pilot test technical solutions and optimize analyses with supervised machine learning based on pivotal epileptogenic versus healthy tissue and on postsurgical outcomes. Next, I will explore the broad effect of epileptic on physiological high frequency brain activity taking cognitive performance as epitome, especially in people without seizures. Current electrocorticography data come from limited, diverse and complex cases with no gold standards for diseased and normal cortex. I will therefore obtain data from 200 otherwise unguided brain surgeries with different levels of epileptogenicity and cognitive impairment: highly epileptogenic tumors (simple), gliomas (many) and meningiomas which compress healthy brain (uniform; partly without seizures). I will integrate techniques in a neurosurgical real-time recording and projecting device that simplifies finding and removing epileptogenic tissue to stop the distorting effect in focal brain disorders.

Keywords: epilepsy,glioma,meningeoma,brain surgery,cognition
Safe architecture for Robust distributed Application Integration in roLling stock 2 (Safe4RAIL-2)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European rail initiative
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: Shift2Rail (Art-187)
Countries involved: Austria,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Austria,Spain,Sweden,France
Call: Technical solutions for the next generation of TCMS (H2020-S2RJU-OC-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 34.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3991632.5
EU funding (EUR): 3991632.5
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Safe4RAIL-2 and its activities will be based on the development of four technological pillars aimed at improving the capabilities of the TCMS: (1) Integration of the Drive-by-Data (DbD) concept in the train network, i.e. Ethernet Train Backbone Nodes (ETBN), Car Switches and End Devices, using Time-Sensitive Network (TSN) technology for adding determinism to TCMS communications. (2) Development of LTE devices suitable for the deployment of a Wireless Train Backbone (WLTB), along with analyses including wireless consist communications, virtual coupling and 5G technology. (3) Integration of a Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) functionality on top of an Integrated Modular Platform (IMP) made up of a Functional Distribution Framework (FDF) platform and a Drive-by-Data communication layer, taking advantage of the expertise obtained from automotive industry specialized on AUTOSAR. (4) Integration of HVAC functionality in a virtual certification simulation environment including remote Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) tests. All these technological developments will be further validated in two laboratory demonstrators that will be set up by the Shift2Rail CFM project (S2R-CFM-IP1-02-2018), and will also contribute to standardization in both railway and wireless domains. These results will increase the flexibility and reliability of the TCMS communications, reduce development and maintenance costs, and achieve novel train functionalities, paying special attention to manufacturer interoperability and the availability of multiple sources. The consortium consists of 8 partners with specific industrial profiles and expertise in key technologies from five European countries, including 6 industrial partners (SMEs and large companies), 1 research institution and 1 academic partner. Such an industry-oriented consortium has been considered crucial to bring the selected technologies to higher Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) up to TRL-5.

Keywords: wireless tcms,deterministic communications,autosar,simulation framework,iec 61375
All-Weather Snow machine driven by Renewable Energy Sources (SnowRESolution)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for a low carbon and efficient energy system (H2020-SMEINST-2-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1943973.99
EU funding (EUR): 1266531.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ski business and mountain economy depend on the randomness of snowfalls. Climate change is shortening the ski season because of less snow precipitation and of higher average winter temperature. Ski resorts have to counteract the lack of natural snow, and to guarantee the opening of ski district in the most touristic periods. Current snowmaking techniques (fans and cannons) require an air temperature below 0°C and low humidity, thus are not applicable for large part of the season. NeveXN developed a technology able to produce high quality snow at temperatures above 0°, in all weather condition and without any chemical additives. SnowRESolution is a clean-tech snowmaker that works also when traditional snowmakers cannot be operated. The technology is based on the refrigeration cycle and exploits the triple point of water, a condition that occurs at 0°C and almost in vacuum (6mbar) at which the three phases of ice, liquid, and vapour are in equilibrium. The compressor is driven by thermal energy that is provided by renewable energy sources, which may be either a solar thermal collector or a biomass steam boiler. Winter tourism is very important in all mountain regions, and risk to undergo to huge losses if slopes are bare. SnowRESolution address the market of ski resorts that want to guarantee the production of snow also when ambient temperature is above 0°C, enabling an early opening of the ski season. Interest savings opportunities are offered to ski domes that do no need any additional cooling to produce snow and can chose the solar power supply solution.

Keywords: snowmaking,renewable energy sources,above zero snow,ski industry,ski resort,ski dome,snow,energy saving,al weather snow machine
Migration Policy in Multilevel Political Settings. City Network in Europe and North America (MInMUS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172477.2
EU funding (EUR): 172477.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

MInMUS investigates why, how and with what effects City Networks (CNs henceforth) voluntarily mobilise to enhance cities’ capacity to promote innovative approaches to migration governance. It does so by examining four CNs in three multilevel political settings, i.e. the supranational EU system and federalist states of Canada and the United States. The ambition is to make an original and pathbreaking contribution to the theorisation of migration policymaking and of Multilevel Governance (MLG) more generally. To this end, I conceptualise MLG as a specific configuration of policymaking which challenges state-centred hierarchies (vertical dimension) and blurs state–society boundaries (horizontal dimension); yet, contrary to the prevailing normative approach underlying the literature, I adopt a critical perspective on ‘governance’, and I regard it as both the interactive processes that lead to the production and implementation of policy and as the sets of ideas and discourses that policy actors elaborate about these processes (in terms of cooperation, coordination, participation etc). Building on this approach, MInMUS will push forward the boundaries of research on the MLG of migration in three ways: 1) from the theoretical point of view MInMUS will take an actor-centred perspective with the goal of theorizing about the institutional and political mechanisms and factors that account for the emergence of CNs as instances of MLG policy arrangements (‘why’ questions); 2) from the empirical point of view MInMUS will fill a key gap in existing research by investigating how CNs mobilise on migration and with what effects; and 3) from the methodological point of view, MInMUS will provide an innovative and comprehensive approach to the study of CNs and MLG, which combines a comparative research design with the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods.

Keywords: multilevel governance,city networks,migration policy,urban governance,north america,european union,canada and united states
Enabling Hydrogen-enriched burner technology for gas turbines through advanced measurement and simulation (HyBurn)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1996135.01
EU funding (EUR): 1996135.01
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A major impediment to the economic viability of carbon-free renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power is an inability to effectively utilize the power they generate if it is not immediately needed. One option to address this is to use excess generator capacity during off-peak demand periods to produce hydrogen (H2), a high energy-content, carbon-free fuel that can be mixed with natural gas and distributed to end-users via existing natural gas pipeline infrastructure, where its energy content is recovered via combustion in conventional gas-turbine (GT) power plants. H2-enrichment, however, dramatically alters the combustion dynamics of natural-gas and its effect on turbulent flame dynamics, combustion stability and pollutant formation in GT combustors is not well enough understood today for this scenario to be safely implemented with existing power plants. The objective of this study is to facilitate Europe’s transition to a reliable and cost-effective energy system based on carbon-free renewable power generation. It will accomplish this by developing advanced laser measurement techniques for use in high-pressure combustion test facilities and using them to acquire the data necessary to develop robust predictive analysis tools for hydrogen-enriched natural gas combustor technology. This data will analyzed in close collaboration with the simulation and modelling teams and used to rigorously test and validate combustion models and predictive analysis tools currently under development.

Keywords: turbulent flame,combustion,laser diagnostics,gas turbine,hydrogen enriched natural gas,turbulence flame interaction,thermoacoustics,plif
Beyond the Elite: Jewish Daily Life in Medieval Europe (BeyondtheElite)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-11-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1941688.0
EU funding (EUR): 1941688.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The two fundamental challenges of this project are the integration of medieval Jewries and their histories within the framework of European history without undermining their distinct communal status and the creation of a history of everyday medieval Jewish life that includes those who were not part of the learned elite. The study will focus on the Jewish communities of northern Europe (roughly modern Germany, northern France and England) from 1100-1350. From the mid-thirteenth century these medieval Jewish communities were subject to growing persecution. The approaches proposed to access daily praxis seek to highlight tangible dimensions of religious life rather than the more common study of ideologies to date. This task is complex because the extant sources in Hebrew as well as those in Latin and vernacular were written by the learned elite and will require a broad survey of multiple textual and material sources. Four main strands will be examined and combined: 1. An outline of the strata of Jewish society, better defining the elites and other groups. 2. A study of select communal and familial spaces such as the house, the synagogue, the market place have yet to be examined as social spaces. 3. Ritual and urban rhythms especially the annual cycle, connecting between Jewish and Christian environments. 4. Material culture, as objects were used by Jews and Christians alike. Aspects of material culture, the physical environment and urban rhythms are often described as “neutral” yet will be mined to demonstrate how they exemplified difference while being simultaneously ubiquitous in local cultures. The deterioration of relations between Jews and Christians will provide a gauge for examining change during this period. The final stage of the project will include comparative case studies of other Jewish communities. I expect my findings will inform scholars of medieval culture at large and promote comparative methodologies for studying other minority ethnic groups

Keywords: jewish history,history of everyday life,material culture,ritual studies,minority studies
Spectral and Optimization Techniques for Robust Recovery, Combinatorial Constructions, and Distributed Algorithms (SO-ReCoDi)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1971805.0
EU funding (EUR): 1971805.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

In a recovery problem, we are interested in recovering structure from data that contains a mix of combinatorial structure and random noise. In a robust recovery problem, the data may contain adversarial perturbations as well. A series of recent results in theoretical computer science has led to algorithms based on the convex optimization technique of Semidefinite Programming for several recovery problems motivated by unsupervised machine learning. Can those algorithms be made robust? Sparsifiers are compressed representations of graphs that speed up certain algorithms. The recent proof of the Kadison-Singer conjecture by Marcus, Spielman and Srivastava (MSS) shows that certain kinds of sparsifiers exist, but the proof does not provide an explicit construction. Dynamics and population protocols are simple models of distributed computing that were introduced to study sensor networks and other lightweight distributed systems, and have also been used to model naturally occurring networks. What can and cannot be computed in such models is largely open. We propose an ambitious unifying approach to go beyond the state of the art in these three domains, and provide: robust recovery algorithms for the problems mentioned above; a new connection between sparsifiers and the Szemeredi Regularity Lemma and explicit constructions of the sparsifiers resulting from the MSS work; and an understanding of the ability of simple distributed algorithms to solve community detection problems and to deal with noise and faults. The unification is provided by a common underpinning of spectral methods, random matrix theory, and convex optimization. Such tools are used in technically similar but conceptually very different ways in the three domains. By pursuing these goals together, we will make it more likely that an idea that is natural and simple in one context will translate to an idea that is deep and unexpected in another, increasing the chances of a breakthrough.

Keywords: spectral graph theory,semidefinite programming,robust recovery,graph sparsifier