Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
3-D Quantitative Modelling of Eukaryotic Endosymbiosis: A Pioneering Innovative Imaging Approach (ENDOSYM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal will use an innovative multidisciplinary approach to investigate complex invader-mediated reprogramming of eukaryotic organisms in an ancient microbe-host association, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis. We aim to pioneer the application of in planta time-lapse live-cell imaging using multi-photon confocal microscopy (MPCM) combined with ultrathin (2-D) TEM stereology and high-resolution three dimensional (3-D) Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy (SBFSEM). Data sets generated will provide a high resolution quantitative 3-D reconstruction of membrane surfaces intimately involved in the intracellular plant-fungal dialogue. To date, time-lapse live-cell imaging using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in inner cortical root cell layers has been hampered by low resolution and photo-bleaching that impairs cell viability. Deep-tissue imaging at high resolution with minimal tissue damage is permitted by state-of-the-art multi-focal MPCM recently acquired at the Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre (CAIC). MPCM of rice lines expressing fluorescently labelled membrane marker-proteins will provide a first quantitative 4-D account of membrane dynamics during intracellular colonization by AM fungi. In addition, 2-D ultrathin TEM will allow quantitative stereological estimations of the volume fraction of the host occupied by the microbe and surface area per unit volume of host and fungal membranes. SBFSEM imaging with 3-D reconstruction at a resolution of 5nm will provide a first structural atlas of 'naïve' and colonized cells at unprecedented resolution. MPCM and SBFSEM phenotyping of rice mutants compromised in arbuscule development will provide a novel insight into the complex molecular mechanisms that underpin cellular morphogenesis during plant endosymbiosis. Significantly, this data will provide a structural framework for 3-D modelling of complex membrane dynamics during the establishment of endosymbioses.

Keywords: eukaryotic endosymbiosis,arbuscular mycorrhiza,rice,3-d modelling,membrane dynamics,multi-photon confocal laser scanning microscopy,block-face scanning electron microscopy,functional genomics
The impact of High Intensity Interval Training on inflammatory state and immune function in elderly individuals (HIIT AGEING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2018-10-19
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 294219.6
EU funding (EUR): 294219.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ageing is increasing at an alarming rate. Subsequently morbidities in the elderly account for a tremendous proportion of government health budgets. Ageing is associated with a sub-clinical elevation in inflammatory markers termed inflamm-ageing. The majority of chronic diseases in the elderly have an inflammatory component to them and most are driven by increased inflammation. The requirement for interventions to improve health outcomes and reduce inflammation in the elderly are desperately needed. Inflamm-ageing is driven by increased obesity (adiposity), immune-senescence and physical inactivity. Physical activity represents a cheap and easy to implement method of reducing systemic inflammation in the elderly, however after the age of 40 years there is a sharp decline in time spent doing physical activity. The major reasoning behind this is a lack of free time and unwillingness to waste it. Recent paradigms in exercise prescription have shown that high intensity interval training (HIIT), which consists of ~20min exercise per week compared to guidelines of 150mins/week, can elicit similar metabolic and cardiovascular improvements as typical endurance training. To date no study has assessed the effects of HIIT in the elderly. We have conducted a preliminary assessment of inflammation and immunity in younger (20-60yo) participants and shown dramatic improvements. It is therefore conceivable and the purpose of this project to investigate the impact of HIIT in elderly healthy and unhealthy individuals.

Keywords: inflammation,immunity,immune-senescence,aging,elderly,health,high intensity,exercise
Primary Productivity Measurements in Freshwater: Converting Photosynthetic Electron Transfer Rates to Carbon Fixation Rates (PROMON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 146005.2
EU funding (EUR): 146005.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Acquisition of rapid, high resolution photosynthesis (i.e. carbon fixation) rates is a major challenge in aquatic research. One way to measure primary productivity in situ at an unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution is by active fluorometry (mainly Fast Repetition Rate techniques). Implementation of this technique, however, requires that the electron transfer rates (ETRs) measured by FRR fluorometry can be easily converted to carbon fixation rates via the electron requirement for carbon fixation (ER). Such conversions require detailed knowledge and a mechanistic understanding of the variation of the ER, which has been shown to exhibit considerable inter- and intraspecific variability. The objective of this study is, therefore, to assess the individual and combined effects of environmental condition and phytoplankton community composition on the ER. A combination of state-of-the-art mesocosms with cultured phytoplankton and bioassays with natural phytoplankton communities subjected to different kinds of nutrient stress will be used to tease apart the individual and combined effects of environmental conditions (nutrient availability) and phytoplankton community composition on the ER. This knowledge will be critical for successful conversion of ETRs to carbon fixation-based primary productivity rates Only if generic relationships between the ER and environmental-taxonomic conditions can be established, can active fluorometry become a universally applied tool for primary productivity measurements in freshwater. The proposed project will lay the foundation for the widespread implementation of automated, routine primary productivity estimates and ecological assessments of freshwater habitats, as required by the European Water Framework Directive in an effort to restore adversely affected freshwater systems to "good ecological health".

Keywords: phytoplankton community composition,primary productivity,freshwater phytoplankton,light and nutrient availability,fast repetition rate fluorometry (frrf),14-c fixation,metabolites
Archaeology of Commons: cultural Heritage and Material Evidence of a Disappearing Europe (ARCHIMEDE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-03
End date: 2017-10-22
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of the project is to attain the intimate social dimension at the base of the common lands management in the context of South Europe Mountain regions, by means of historical and archaeological analysis. The existence of common lands, the complexity of their different uses and the permanence of common rights on lands were crucial in shaping rural landscapes, so they are nowadays protected as natural heritage (Natural parks, Sites of Communitarian Interest). However, the historical organization of common lands is not well known. The main question of the project is how archaeological methods can investigate the dynamic nature of commons. In order to answer this question and combining landscape archaeology and documentary research methods, the fellow Dr. Anna Maria Stagno will investigate two paths: - reconstructing topographical organization of common lands and its transformations - archaeological visibility of conflicts The project will be developed in two areas in Basque Mountains (Sierra Cantabrica and Alarar Mountains). Through the employment of different archaeological methods, the project plans to link the study of primary production areas and settlements, considering all together the investigation of private lands, common lands historically used by the same community (and to identify the different communities/settlements that, through the ages, have held common access rights on the same areas) and settlements. The project covers a trans-European dimension based on the enhancement of the existing dialogue between three research groups that investigate rural areas (GIPyPAC of University of Basque Country, FRAMESPA of the Toulouse Le Mirail University and LASA of Genova University). The results of the Spanish case studies will be compared, trough targeted investigations, in uplands areas where LASA (Ligurian Apennines) and FRAMESPA-Terrae (Cerdagne Mountain) are carrying out multidisciplinary research projects.

Keywords: landscape archaeology,architecture archaeology,archival and cartographical sources,historical ecology,rural heritage,landscape management
Empirical Intrinsic Modeling for Nonlinear Signal Processing (EMP-INT-MODEL-NL-SP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2018-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A fundamental problem in signal processing is designing models, which are theoretically sound, practical to implement, and describe well the variability of real-world signals. Finding accurate models of signals sets the foundation to state of the art signal analysis, filtering, prediction, and noise suppression. In recent years there has been a considerable effort to derive data-driven modeling schemes based on low dimensional geometric analysis, however, several aspects have not yet been thoroughly addressed. For example, measuring the same phenomena several times usually yields different signal realizations. In addition, the same phenomena can be measured using multiple types of instruments. As a result, each set of related signal measurements of the same phenomenon will have a different geometric structure; this poses a limitation to geometric analysis methods. The goal of this project is to delve into these aspects and to devise empirical intrinsic models for nonlinear signal processing, which are noise resilience and invariant to the observation modality. Intrinsic models may bring significant benefits to numerous applications without existing definitive representations by enabling the fusion of similar phenomena partially observed through different modalities. The availability of intrinsic models will allow for the design of new processing methodologies that take advantage of the intrinsic properties, e.g. noise robustness and low dimensionality. I will examine both theoretical and practical aspects as well as develop tools designed to push forward the applicability of geometric analysis. Combining my experience with the expertise in related fields provided by the host institution will allow to advance the current state of the art in geometric signal analysis and nonlinear signal processing as well as nurture collaborations within Europe and abroad.

Keywords: signal processing,empirical modeling,intrinsic modeling,nonlinear filtering,manifold learning,geometric analysis,kernel methods
Flexible Bayesian Non-Parametric Priors (FLEXIBNPP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2018-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The use of Bayesian non-parametric (BNP) priors in applied statistical modeling has become increasingly popular in the last few years. From the seminal paper of Ferguson (1973, Annals of Statistics), the Dirichlet Process and its extensions have been increasingly used to address inferential problems in many fields. Examples range from variable selection in genetics to linguistics, psychology, human learning , image segmentation and applications to neurosciences. The increased interest in non-parametric Bayesian approaches to data analysis is motivated by a number of attractive inferential properties. For example, BNP priors are often used as flexible models to describe the heterogeneity of the population of interest, as they implicitly induce a clustering of the observations into homogeneous groups. In the big data era, there is a growing need of models that can describe the main features of large and non-trivial datasets. The information held in these kind of datasets is increasingly easily available to collect through modern networks such as the Internet. This proposal wants to provide flexible priors for explaining such datasets, in particular two research lines will be developed: 1. Non-exchangeable BNP priors for modelling the heterogeneity of the data, 2. Vectors of Dependent BNP priors for modelling information pooling across units. The successful completion of this research will provide new powerful statistics tools for the analysis of complicated phenomena. New BNP priors will be proposed as well as the application of some recent BNP priors proposed by the principal investigator (Leisen and Lijoi, 2011 Journal of Multivariate Analysis and Leisen, Lijoi and Spanò, 2013 Electronic Journal of Statistics). Specifically, applications of such priors will be developed in the fields of Economics and Genetics.

Keywords: bayesian non parametrics,dirichlet and pitman-yor process,exchangeable sequences,vectors of dependent random measures,beta-gos process,array cgh data,conditional identity in distribution.
Sustainable Mobility and Robust Transportation (SMART)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Traffic Congestion has several effects on travelers, businesses, agencies, and cities. Congestion costs Europe about 1% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) every year. Transportation networks are complex and large-scale dynamic systems with uncertainties. Efficient traffic control and management of large-scale transportation networks still remain a challenge both for traffic researchers and practitioners. Our main objective in this project is to develop smart transportation systems for large-scale traffic networks that aim at minimizing network delays and increasing sustainable mobility and accessibility, with the help of feeded data from advanced sensor and information technologies. To achieve this goal, we will develop a new interdisciplinary research approach that combines and fuses research areas developed in different fields in traffic theory, control theory, optimal control, optimization, big data mining and fusing, and estimation theory. The SMART project is unique in several aspects, as it is an interdisciplinary research and it is expected to make advances in the state of the art in different directions: (i) Developing a hierarchical scheme of integrated modeling and control for the intersection and network levels. (ii) Developing efficient control strategies that are robust under uncertainties. (iii) Developing implementable real time control based on feeded information for both levels including the monitoring and estimation procedures. (iv) A real field study implementation. We believe that the new interdisciplinary approach will result in a better understanding of complex and congested cities, and will allow integrating traffic control and management approaches to generate smart cities that are more livable and sustainable. The operational deployment of such smart networks would improve the life quality in Europe by improving traffic conditions in cities, reducing travel times and minimizing delays, and reducing pollution levels.

Keywords: traffic control and management,large-scale transportation networks,macroscopic fundamental diagram
Information Behaviour in Digital Humanities (UNZE-IB-DIGIHUM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will provide a unique opportunity for the researcher to return from Australia in his native country, and simultaneously steer his career in a new direction - the emerging research field of digital humanities (DH). DH tools are becoming common components of university environments, promising advanced cyber-infrastructure for future research and teaching in the humanities. However, in order to align DH activities to everyday university settings, we need a better understanding of information behaviour (IB) of scholars and students in these digital environments. The aim of this project is to bring together insights from the fields of IB and DH. The final outcome of the project will be a new model for design of DH applications, informed by an alternative interdisciplinary approach to IB and DH, based on actor-network theory, and by the empirical results of the two in-depth case studies. This will be achieved through a combination of empirical, theoretical, and action research, integrated into the main objectives of the study: 1) to investigate information behaviour in digital humanities activities of scholars and students at the host university; 2) to build a theoretical model for design and management of digital humanities applications, based on theoretical insights from several research fields, and the empirical knowledge gained by the objective 1; and 3) to transfer knowledge to the host through an action research (development of a new DH course and a prototype of a digital textbook for the course) which will also enable an evaluation of the outcomes of the objectives 1 and 2. The project is thus timely and relevant to the efforts of FP7 and the Horizon 2020 to build digital research infrastructure for the humanities, enabling new interdisciplinary ways of research that were not possible in the analogue world.

Keywords: information behaviour,digital humanities,actor-network theory,information system design,relational model,socio-digital environments,human-technology interplay,interdisciplinary co-development
SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF THE COMBINATION OF ABIOTIC STRESSES (SECA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Environmental stress is responsible for the majority of crop yield losses worldwide. Most of the global damage caused by abiotic stresses can be attributed to drought, salinity, high temperatures, and an insufficient supply with mineral nutrients. Farmers and breeders have been aware for a long time that a combination of stress factors is the normal situation plants have to cope with in natural environments, but surprisingly little is known about the mechanisms underlying the physiological, molecular and biochemical reactions of plants to a combination of two or more stressors. Recent studies suggest that the responses to stress combinations are unique, and cannot be predicted from separate analyses of the reactions to individual treatments under laboratory conditions. It also became obvious that systemic information transfer plays important roles in plant adaptation to different abiotic stress conditions. Drought or nutrient starvation responses, for example, involve the long-distance translocation of specific molecules, and systemic components also seem to participate in the reactions to salt and temperature stress. Recent observations suggest a complex crosstalk between systemic stress signalling routes, but no studies have as yet addressed long-distance communication following the simultaneous exposure to a combination of two or more abiotic stresses. Therefore, the proposed project aims at analysing the effects of different combinations between drought, salt and heat stress in the agronomic important crop species oilseed rape and maize, with special emphasis on the systemic components of the response pathways. In addition, the effects on the nutritional status of the plants, biomass production, and crop yield will be evaluated. It is expected that the project outcome will allow to developing breeding strategies to enhance the performance of crops under multiple adverse environmental conditions.

Keywords: drought,heat,salt,nutrient deprivation,stress,combined stress,abscisic acid,microrna,phloem,systemic signalling