Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Law without Mercy: Japanese Courts-Martial and Military Courts During the Asia-Pacific War, 1937-45 (LawWithoutMercy)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2025-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1697776.0
EU funding (EUR): 1697776.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Japan fought the war over East and Southeast Asia between 1937 and 1945 not only in the theatres of war, but with equal harshness in the courtrooms of military justice. Wherever Japanese soldiers went, judge-advocates followed, meeting out stern justice to soldiers, civilians and enemy soldiers alike. The system of courts-martial and military courts throughout East and Southeast Asia served three purposes: regulate violence and channel it efficiently to serve Japan's war goals; deter the civilian population and coerce it into following Japan's 'New Order' in East Asia; and finally, convince domestic and international audiences that Japan's war was not only legitimate, but also 'legal'. Yet, despite formal pretences, verdicts routinely ended in execution or harsh imprisonment. As such, the violence of the justice system mirrored the brutality of the war in general. Despite the highly contentious nature of the war even today, a systematic study of mass violence during the Asia-Pacific War has been sorely lacking. 'Law without Mercy' undertakes this daunting task by using military justice as focal point and as a highly precise lens for studying the various figurations of violence during the war. It is pioneering in analysing legal practice as an integral part of this violence and facilitator for its routinisation and escalation on the battlefield and in the occupied territories. And finally, it opens up a wholly new and large body of sources through original archival work that helps to overcome the notorious direness of documentation on Japan's conduct during the war. Situated at the intersection of several historical fields, 'Law without Mercy' capitalises on the double expertise of the PI in modern Japanese history and international law. With the complex and precarious relation between law, war and violence still at the heart of humanitarian issues, the historical insights of this project have very practical implications for our conflict-laden world today.

Keywords: asia pacific war,japan,violence,history,20th century
Alternative Bearers for Rail (AB4Rail)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European rail initiative
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: Shift2Rail (Art-187)
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Study on alternative bearers and on communication protocols (H2020-S2RJU-OC-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 349926.25
EU funding (EUR): 349926.25
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

AB4Rail aims to identify and select alternative communication bearers (ABs) and selection of proper communication protocols for the Adaptable Communication System (ACS) of the Shift2Rail technical demonstrator TD2.1. The project will review the state-of-the-art technologies assessing their suitability for the ACS in terms of expected performance, economic sustainability, and status of maturity. A wide spectrum of potential technologies have been identified including existing optical technologies for visible light communications (VLC), powerline communications (PLC) and short/long range technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT). Yet, breakthrough technologies under development and available in the next 3-5 years will be evaluated such as High-Altitude Platforms (HAPS) and high throughput Low Earth Orbit Satellites (LEO). The selected ABs will be tested in the lab (TRL 4) and on field (TRL 5) using the laboratories and on-field test bed of Radiolabs. A liaison with technology providers will be established leveraging on the network of Radiolabs, being the first in Europe having introduced, in 2015, a multi-bearer telecom architecture with public and satellite operators for ERTMS. The selection criteria for application/transport communication protocols will be assessed by theoretical results and simulations using an ad hoc software platform for network emulation/simulation at IP level to be developed in AB4Rail. Furthermore, AB4Rail is synergic with other projects funded by ESA, Shift2Rail, and Italian Ministry of Economic Development addressing multi-bearer telecom solutions for the ERTMS evolution. Special effort is allocated to the dissemination activities with the goal to involve the rail, telecom, satellite stake-holders and the standardization bodies. The project coordinator will be Radiolabs, a no-profit research consortium already involved in two Shift2Rail projects, with Guglielmo Marconi University as a partner.

Keywords: adaptable communication system for rails,alternative bearers,optical and wireless communications for rails,communication protocols,satcom and high altitude platforms for rails,ertms
Open transPREcision COMPuting (OPRECOMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Emerging themes and communities
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Switzerland,France,France,United Kingdom
Call: FET Proactive: emerging themes and communities (FETPROACT-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5990510.0
EU funding (EUR): 5990510.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Guaranteed numerical precision of each elementary step in a complex computation has been the mainstay of traditional computing systems for many years. This era, fueled by Moore's law and the constant exponential improvement in computing efficiency, is at its twilight: from tiny nodes of the Internet-of-Things, to large HPC computing centers, sub-picoJoule/operation energy efficiency is essential for practical realizations. To overcome the “power wall”, a shift from traditional computing paradigms is now mandatory. OPRECOMP aims at demolishing the ultra-conservative “precise” computing abstraction and replacing it with a more flexible and efficient one, namely transprecision computing. OPRECOMP will investigate the theoretical and practical understanding of the energy efficiency boost obtainable when accuracy requirements on data being processed, stored and communicated can be lifted for intermediate calculations. While approximate computing approaches have been used before, in OPRECOMP for the first time ever, a complete framework for transprecision computing, covering devices, circuits, software tools, and algorithms, along with the mathematical theory and physical foundations of the ideas will be developed that not only will provide error bounds with respect to full precision results, but also will enable major energy efficiency improvements even when there is no freedom to relax end-to-end application quality-of-results. The mission of OPRECOMP is to demonstrate using physical demonstrators that this idea holds in a huge range of application scenarios in the domains of IoT, Big Data Analytics, Deep Learning, and HPC simulations: from the sub-milliWatt to the MegaWatt range, spanning nine orders of magnitude. In view of industrial exploitation, we will prove the quality and reliability and demonstrate that transprecision computing is the way to think about future systems.

Keywords: transprecision computing,data analytics,knowledge discovery,big data,deep learning,computational chemistry
Crossed Memories, Politics of Silence: The Colonial-Liberation Wars in Postcolonial Times (CROME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2023-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1478249.0
EU funding (EUR): 1478249.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Colonial-Liberation Wars generate plural memories, conflicting evocations and persisting amnesias. The project’s main challenge is to produce innovative knowledge about the memories of the wars fought by the Portuguese state and pro-independence African movements between 1961 and 1974/5. The approach chosen is simultaneously diachronic and comparative, inasmuch as it contrasts changes that took place between the end of the conflicts and nowadays, regarding how wars, colonial pasts and anticolonial legacies have been remembered and silenced in Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde and São Tomé and Principe. The key hypothesis is that wars - as pivotal moments that ended the cycle of Empire in Portugal and started the cycle of African independences in the former Portuguese colonies - triggered memorialisation and silencing processes which had their own historicity. CROME is divided into two strands. The first one, named ‘Colonial Wars, Postcolonial States’, looks at the role played by the states under consideration in mobilising, articulating and recognising the past, but also in actively generating selective representations. ‘Memory as a battlefield’ is the second strand, which will highlight distinct uses of the past and dynamics between social memories and individual memories. The project intends to demonstrate how wars gave rise to multiple memories and conflicting historical judgements, mostly in Portugal, but also to examine how the specific nature of the (post-)colonial histories of each African country has generated different ways to summon war memories and (anti-)colonial legacies. CROME will, thus, put forward a ground-breaking perspective in terms of colonial-liberation war studies, and will be instrumental in dealing with such traumatic experience, for its comparative approach might help overcoming everlasting constraints still at play today, caused by the historical burden European colonialism left behind.

Keywords: memory studies,war memories,oral history
SATWAY Pro. The Reliable and Affordable Satellite Messaging Service. (Satway Pro)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Engaging SMEs in space research and development (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

SATWAY Pro (www.satwaypro.com) is a next generation satellite messaging service that keeps remote travellers connected to their loved ones and professional colleagues, wherever they are. Our innovation will enable millions of people working and travelling in remote areas to share their experiences with unmatched convenience and affordability. Every year, over 35 million humanitarian aid workers, international boaters, adventure travellers and corporate teams journey to remote parts of the world where there is no mobile phone coverage, spending a staggering 1.3B€ on voice calls and text messaging. However, current satellite messaging services can only send 1 message to 1 recipient at a time, do not guarantee that SMS reach their recipients and are prohibitively expensive. Our innovation is based on a proprietary Communication Module – a bidirectional dispatcher between mobile phones and satellite phones – delivering unparalleled convenience with voice messaging, a user-friendly group chat, photos and video. Our solution will be the only one to effectively combine simplicity, next generation capabilities and affordability, cutting satellite messaging costs by 40%, enabling remote travellers to reach 10 contacts with 1 message and growing our company to 21M€ in annual revenues by 2023. We have completed Alpha tests on real expeditions providing initial technical validation of our innovation, and our participation in the European Space Agency’s BIC Barcelona incubator programme has demonstrated SATWAY Pro’s market potential. In Phase 1, we will perform a feasibility study in order to demonstrate SATWAY Pro Alpha to key stakeholders, improve the product based on real user needs, strengthen our IP protection strategy, define our commercialisation strategy and create a detailed business plan that will ensure rapid expansion into key European markets, eventually reaching Global markets.

Keywords: mobile satellite communications,space technology,2 way text messaging,satellite geolocation,galileo,satellite phone,remote zones communication
Transformative regulation of chemical pesticide-based agricultural systems (Tran-Reg)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-01-03
End date: 2024-01-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

In 2011, new European regulatory legislation proposed criteria aimed at phasing out many chemical pesticides and substituting them for non-chemical techniques of pest and weed control. The aim of this project is to understand the ideational and knowledge politics entangled in efforts to develop and implement those transformative regulatory ambitions. It will research the ways in which the purposes of the new legislation, the problems it is designed to resolve, its objects of attention, and its anticipated interventions and solutions have been imagined, contested and interpreted by different networks of state and non-state actors, and how efforts have been made by those networks to institutionalize their preferred meanings in legislative measures, and subsequently in policy and practice, including scientific practice. It will focus on experience of legislative development and its revision at European level, at implementation in the UK and Denmark, and on European debate about the methods for performing comparative hazard assessment and environmental risk assessment. An analytical framework drawing on sociotechnical transitions theory, ‘discourse analysis’ from political science and ‘deconstruction’ from science and technology studies will be used to illuminate how actors seek to influence policy-makers and others’ understandings of what is at stake in this area of technological practice, and how these become embedded in legislation, policy interventions and scientific standards. The project seeks to support the implementation of the EC’s Farm to Fork Strategy, a key component of the European Green Deal, and its ambitions to be a frontrunner in implementing the 2030 agenda for sustainable development.

Keywords: pesticide regulation,agricultural transformation,sustainability transitions,knowledge politics
Multifunctional graphene/silicone nacre-like composite films (SILGRAFUN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal will develop a novel strategy for processing graphene nacre-like composite materials and will address study of of their multifunctional applications as as proof-of-concept. Impedance-dominated applications such as high anticorrosive performance heat-healable coatings, excellent electromagnetic interference shields and flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors will be targeted. Our composite structures will mimic the brick-mortar layers found in natural nacre, to comply with exceptional strength and toughness requirements, and will have controllable graphene-graphene interlayer distances to tune diffusive and conductive properties as per the requirements of the target applications. The aim is to achieve a tailor-made combination of unique mechanical and electrical/diffusive properties by adapting the layered composite structure at different length scales with a simple manufacturing protocol, hence exploiting the outstanding properties of graphene and conferring our conductive composite films precisely designed functionalities.

Keywords: graphene,nacre like conductive films,multifunctional nanocomposites,energy harvesting,advanced processing,large scale production
Metformin Impact on Maternal and Infant Cardiometabolic Health (MIMICH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2026-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1997988.75
EU funding (EUR): 1997988.75
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Increasing numbers of older, obese women with poor cardiometabolic health (dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, hypertension) are embarking on pregnancy. One in six of these high-risk pregnancies are complicated by an indicated preterm birth due to fetal growth restriction (FGR) or fetal overgrowth and/or maternal complications including gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. The cumulative cost of neonatal care, childhood and adult disease in individuals born preterm has been estimated at £1-3 billion pa in the UK. Older age, obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension are major risk factors for placental disease leading to FGR and pre-eclampsia. Conversely, hyperglycaemia is associated with fetal overgrowth and is therefore treated with hypoglycaemic agents such as metformin during pregnancy. In women with hyperglycaemia and concurrent risk factors for placental disease, the impact of metformin on placental function, fetal growth, and postnatal outcomes is not known. To address this evidence gap, I will perform an RCT which will incorporate a novel method of tracking fetal growth and investigate the impact of metformin on maternal and infant metabolic health at 12 months. The impact of metformin on gene expression and placental function will be assessed in placentas from women exposed (or not) to metformin. In the wider group of women with poor cardiometabolic health, I will map maternal disease biomarkers and fetal growth to molecular placental disease subtypes who have developed a range of pregnancy complications. The goals of this work are to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with poor cardiometabolic health by, (1) producing evidence to personalise the prescription of metformin (2) refining current diagnostic criteria to better reflect placental disease molecular subtypes, (3) understanding the associations between cardiometabolic health and placental disease such that drugs to treat hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia can be tested in the right women.

Keywords: pregnancy,metabolic syndrome,metformin,obesity,hypertension,pre eclampsia,diabetes,fetal,growth restriction,placenta
SCAVENGING ON SEPSIS. DEVELOPMENT OF SEPSIS SPECIFIC DRUGS FROM HUMAN SCAVENGER RECEPTORS (SEPSCAV)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Spain
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sepsis is a major a life-threatening condition caused by bacterial or fungal infections leading to cardiovascular collapse (septic shock), multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and death, and claims more lives that bowel and breast cancer combined. The human Scavenger-receptors are naturally occurring proteins on some blood cells that interact and neutralize core structural components of microbes, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for wide-spectrum sepsis treatment and an alternative to current antibiotic and adjunctive therapeutic approaches of limited success. Sepsia Therapeutics is a R&D start up company developing SIXTIDE, a peptide-drug based on human scavenger lymphocyte receptor CD6, with dual bactericidal and anti-inflammatory action, which protects mice from death in experimental sepsis, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. SIXTIDE mode of action inhibits bacterial growth and blocks the pro-inflammatory properties of bacterial toxins. Sepsia Therapeutics holds IPR on the use of CD6 and CD6 derivatives in the treatment of infection and inflammation disorders and aims for market entry through injectable SIXTIDE.

Keywords: sepsis,septic shock,mods,multidrug resistance,scavenger,peptide,inflammation