Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
OBesogenic Endocrine disrupting chemicals: LInking prenatal eXposure to the development of obesity later in life (OBELIX)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Fork to farm: Food (including seafood), health and well being
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Belgium,Netherlands,Norway,France,Slovakia
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2008-2B, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 55.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3918991.8
EU funding (EUR): 2999692.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The incidence of childhood obesity has reached ‘epidemic’ proportions globally and there is an urgent need to increase our understanding of the impact of food contaminants on obesity development. The OBELIX project will examine the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in food plays a role in the development of obesity later in life. OBELIX proposes a multidisciplinary approach that combines epidemiology, neonatology, endocrinology, toxicology, analytical chemistry and risk assessment to address the objectives of the project: 1) To assess prenatal exposure in humans to major classes of EDCs in food identified as potential inducers of obesity (i.e. dioxins, non- and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants, phthalates and perfluorinated alkyl acids) using mother-child cohorts from four European regions with different food contaminant exposure patterns; 2) To relate early life exposure to EDCs with clinical markers, novel biomarkers and health effect data related to obesity; 3) To perform hazard characterization of in utero exposure to EDCs for the development of obesity later in life, using dose-response analysis in a rodent model; 4) To determine mechanisms of action of obesogenic EDCs on developmental programming with genomics and epigenetic analysis in in vivo and in vitro models; and, 5) to perform risk assessment of prenatal exposure to obesogenic EDCs in food, by integrating maternal exposure through food, contaminant exposure and health effect data in children, and hazard data. The outcomes of OBELIX are of particular relevance to the Work Programme, as the proposed project will generate new knowledge about prenatal exposure to major classes of EDCs in food that are potential inducers of obesity and related metabolic diseases later in life. It will also contribute new knowledge about effects of early exposure to EDCs on human health, including causality in animal models and possible mechanisms.

Keywords: endocrine disrupting chemicals,obesity,epidemiology,risk,hazard,prenatal exposure assessment,food
Video-rate Scanning Probe Microscopy Imaging of Nanostructures on Surfaces (VIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1324983.0
EU funding (EUR): 1324983.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this ERC proposal VIN is to develop the next generation of scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) The microscopes will set new standards in the field through their ability to acquire images at video-rate frequency, while retaining high (atomic) resolution capability. This new instrumental platform will be implemented both under ultra-high vacuum conditions, in a high-pressure gas cell, and under liquid-phase conditions. It will be utilized to create and explore novel research avenues for the study of physical, chemical, and biological surface processes at the single-atom/molecule level with the highest possible spatial and temporal resolution. In particular I will study dynamic phenomena in surface nanostructures, focusing on three mutually synergetic and interdisciplinary priority areas: i) Catalytic reactivity of nanostructures, ii) Self-organisation of organic molecules at surfaces, iii) Biomolecular structures, processes and interactions under physiological conditions. The adsorption, diffusion and interaction of molecules are the basic steps involved in reactions at surfaces. All of them are dynamic processes, where high temporal resolution can provide new groundbreaking insight into e.g. the mechanisms underlying catalysis. Video-rate SPMs will also facilitate investigations of the kinetic aspects of molecular self- organisation at surfaces such as diffusion, intra-molecular conformational dynamics, nucleation and growth of structures. The effort will build upon the world-leading expertise in design, construction and use of SPMs in my research group at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Denmark. To achieve the ambitious research goals, I will bring together an interdisciplinary team of highly talented younger scientists.

Keywords: scanning probe microscopy surface dynamics reactivity molecular self-organization in-situ bio-processes
Efficient and robust fuel cell with novel ceramic proton conducting electrolyte (EFFIPRO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Horizontal programme actions
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Norway,France,Spain,Germany,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-NMP-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3329010.7
EU funding (EUR): 2540258.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

EFFIPRO will develop electrolytes and electrodes for proton conducting fuel cells (PCFCs) based on novel LaNbO4-type and similar proton conducting oxides that, unlike earlier candidates, are chemically stable and mechanically robust. The transport of H+ makes water form on the cathode side, avoiding fuel dilution and recycling and reducing risk of destructive anode oxidation, even at peak power. Moreover, the high operating temperature (e.g. 600 °C) alleviates recycling of liquid water and coolants, and provides efficient heat exchange with heat grids or fossil fuel reformers. All these give PCFCs major benefits in fuel utilisation, overall efficiency, and system simplicity with reformed fossil fuels as well as hydrogen from renewables. However, the proton conductivities of candidate materials are insufficient, and the project aims to improve proton conductivity through doping strategies and interface engineering, investigating new classes of stable proton conducting oxides, and developing technologies for thin film electrolytes on suitable substrates. Novel cathodes will be devised, all to bring area-specific electrolyte and interface resistances down to 0.2 Ωcm2 each within this first project. New production routes of precursors and materials are included, as well as surface kinetics research and cost reduction by mischmetal strategies. The project is accompanied by complementary national initiatives and projects e.g. on fundamental characterisation and interconnects. Novel PCFC technology involves high risk and long term research that needs concerted action from many actors including the emerging nano-ionics field. It is the aim that PCFCs by 2020 will be available, accelerate the use of fuel cells, reduce CO2 emissions, and increase efficiency by 10 % where applied, promote the hydrogen society, and be a dominating fuel cell technology. The project counts 7 partners in 5 countries, with leadership and PCFC dedication. It lasts 3 years and educates/trains 5 PhD/post-docs.

Keywords: fuel cell proton conductor hydrogen reformed fossil fuels co2
From Black Holes to Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: Exploring the Extremes of the Universe with Low-Frequency Radio Interferometry (LOFAR-AUGER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3460000.0
EU funding (EUR): 3460000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Black holes (BHs) and ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are two extremes of the universe that link particle physics and astrophysics. BHs are the most efficient power generators in the universe while UHECRs are the most energetic particles ever detected. As we showed previously, a major fraction of the power of BHs is channeled into radio-emitting plasma jets, which are also efficient particle accelerators. Are BHs also responsible for UHECRs? This long-standing question could be answered soon, through the dawn of cosmic ray astronomy. The giant Auger observatory has now shown for the first time that the arrival directions of UHECRs are non-isotropic, potentially pointing back to their sources of origin. BHs turned out to be major suspects, but other sources could still also be responsible. To address this conclusively and to establish cosmic ray astronomy as a productive new field in the coming years, we need to increase statistics, expand current observatories, and have complementary all-sky radio surveys available to identify sources, since radio emission traces particle acceleration sites. Here, techniques pioneered by the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) promise major advances. First of all, working on LOFAR we uncovered a new technique to detect UHECRs with radio antennas and verified it experimentally. The technique promises to increase the number of high-quality events by almost an order of magnitude and provides much improved energy and direction resolution. We now want to implement this technique in Auger, combining LOFAR and AUGER know-how. Secondly, LOFAR and soon other SKA pathfinders will significantly improve all-sky radio surveys with high sensitivity, resolution, and image quality. Hence, we will use LOFAR to understand the astrophysics of UHECR source candidates and compile a radio-based catalog thereof. We start with jets from BHs and move later to other sources. Together this will allow us to identify UHECR sources and study them in detail.

Keywords: ultra-high energy cosmic rays,lofar,lopes,auger
Gamma Ray Bursts as a Focal Point of High Energy Astrophysics (GRBS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1933460.0
EU funding (EUR): 1933460.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), short and intense bursts of gamma-rays originating from random directions in the sky, are the brightest explosions in our Universe. They involve ultra-relativistic motion, huge magnetic fields, the strongest gravitational fields, acceleration of photons, neutrinos and cosmic rays to ultra high energies, the collapse of massive stars, mergers of neutron star binaries and formation of newborn black holes. They are at the focal point of relativistic high energy astrophysics and they serve as the best laboratory for extreme physics. The internal-external shocks model was formulated to explain their inner working. This model had impressive successes in interpreting and predicting GRB properties. Still it had left many fundamental questions unanswered. Furthermore, recently it has been confronted with puzzling Swift observations of the early afterglow and it is not clear if it needs minor revisions or a drastic overhaul. I describe here an extensive research program that deals with practically all aspects of GRB. From a technical point of view this program involves sophisticated state of the art computations on one hand, fundamental theory and phenomenological analysis of observations and data analysis on the other one. My goal is to address both old and new open question, considering, among other options the possibility that the current model has to be drastically revised. My long term goal, beyond understanding the inner working of GRBs, is to create a unified theory of accretion acceleration and collimation and of emission of high energy gamma-rays and relativistic particles that will synergize our understanding of GRBs, AGNs, Microquasars, galactic binary black holes SNRs and other high energy astrophysics phenomena. A second hope is to find ways to utilize GRBs to reveal new physics that cannot be explored otherwise.

Keywords: gamma ray bursts
Deep mm-Wave RF-CMOS Integrated Circuits (DARWIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2042640.0
EU funding (EUR): 2042640.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Wireless and mobile communication systems have become an important part of our daily environment. Since the introduction of the GSM-network in the early nineties, different wireless applications such as WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS, etc. have been brought into the market. This has become possible due to the high integration of integrated circuits in relatively cheap technologies. Besides the digital signal processing, those wireless applications require complex analog circuits operating at very high frequencies (RF circuits). In the early days these were implemented as discrete components or standalone ICs in expensive technologies such as GaAs, InP and SiGe. Due to the research towards nanometer CMOS technologies, and due to improved RF circuit techniques, RF-CMOS has been introduced since the mid nineties. The intention of this research project is to take the next big leap forward in wireless applications, i.e. the exploration and research, based on the vast RF-CMOS knowledge already existing, towards the Extremely High Frequencies which is above 70 GHz up to 300GHz, with wavelengths close to 1 mm. The research project is a logical evolution of the RF-CMOS research knowledges of the team. For that the &quot;natural evolution&quot; acronym DARWIN (Deep mm-Wave RF CMOS Integrated Circuits (with the M of CMOS inverted (W)) is choosen. Implementing circuit techniques in standard CMOS technologies at those frequencies is again an enormous challenge and will open a lot of new opportunities and applications towards the future due to possibilities in safety monitoring, e.g. collision radar detection for automobiles at 77 GHz, the need for high data-rate telecommunication systems, with capacity of 1-10 Gbps, and imaging for medical and security systems. The goal of the proposed project is to perform the necessary fundamental basic research to be able to implement these 70-300 GHz applications in CMOS technology (45 nm and below).

Keywords: wireless rf cmos integrated circuits
Quantum Opto-Electronics (QUANTUMOPTOELECTR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 58.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1800000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1800000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to develop an opto-electronics interface between single-electron devices and single-photon optics. The ultimate limit in the miniaturization of electronics and photonics is at the nanometer scale. Here the signal level can be controlled at the fundamental level of a single electron for electricity and a single photon for light. These limits are actively being pursued for scientific interest with possible applications in the new area of quantum information science. Yet, these efforts occur separately in the distinct communities of solid state electronics and quantum optics. Here we propose to develop a toolbox for interfacing electronics and optics on the level of single electrons and photons. The basic building block is a nanoscale pn-junction defined in a semiconductor nanowire, which is the most versatile material system for single electron to single photon conversion. We will develop the following technology: (1) growth of complex semiconductor nanowires (2) quantum state transfer for copying the information stored in an electron quantum state onto a photon state (3) single-photon optical-chip with on-chip guiding via single plasmons and on-chip detection with a superconducting detector. Besides being fundamentally interesting by itself, this new toolbox opens a new area of experiments where qubits processed in solid state nano-devices are coupled quantum mechanically over long distances via photons as signal carriers to various kinds of other interesting quantum system (e.g. solid state quantum dots, confined nuclear spins and atomic vapours).

Keywords: quantum-information
From discrete to contimuous: understanding discrete structures through continuous approximation (DISCRETECONT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 739671.0
EU funding (EUR): 739671.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Important methods and results in discrete mathematics arise from the interaction between discrete mathematics and ``continuous'' areas like analysis or geometry. Classical examples of this include topological methods, linear and semidefinite optimization generating functions and more. More recent areas stressing this connection are the theory of limit objects of growing sequences of finite structures (graphs, hypergraphs, sequences), differential equations on networks, geometric representations of graphs. Perhaps most promising is the study of limits of growing graph and hypergraph sequences. In resent work by the Proposer and his collaborators, this area has found highly nontrivial connections with extremal graph theory, the theory of property testing in computer science, to additive number theory, the theory of random graphs, and measure theory as well as geometric representations of graphs. This proposal's goal is to explore these interactions, with the participation of a number of researchers from different areas of mathematics.

Keywords: convergent graph sequences,graph algebras,limit objects,graph parameters,property testing
New Directions in Hybrid Inorganic-Organic Framework Materials (NEWMATS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2018579.0
EU funding (EUR): 2018579.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed work is in the field of inorganic-organic hybrid materials, focusing mainly on dense rather than nanoporous materials. There are a huge number of opportunities in this area, especially now that is has become relatively straightforward to control the conditions under which dense, often anhydrous phases with excellent thermal stability can be synthesized. The latter have a wide range of interesting properties in terms of optics, magnetism, electronic conductivity, catalysis and so on. We shall work on such functional hybrid materials with potential applications in areas such as lighting and displays, photovoltaic cells, data storage, ferroelectrics, catalysis, and gas storage. We shall also explore some of the fundamental questions concerning hybrid frameworks: What factors control their crystalline structures? Can we reliably simulate their structures and calculate their energies? What kinds of defects can be incorporated into hybrid frameworks? How do these affect their properties? What factors influence the mechanical properties of hybrid frameworks? Can we develop a general method for preparing nanoparticles of hybrids? The work will involve a great deal of solution-based synthesis, chemical and thermal analysis, structure determination by single crystal X-ray methods, physical property measurements (mainly optical, magnetic, electronic, and mechanical), computer simulations, and some calorimetry. Most of the facilities needed for this work are available in Cambridge, though I shall collaborate with others where appropriate (e.g. computer simulation, calorimetry).

Keywords: hybrid inorganic - organic framework materials,optical properties,magnetic properties,electronic properties,catalytic properties,chirality,computer simulation,calorimetry
Longitudinal Enhancement and Access imProvement of the SHARE infrastructure (SHARE_LEAP)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to existing research infrastructures
Action type: Combination of CP & CSA
Countries involved: Germany,Austria,Belgium,Czechia,Denmark,France,Greece,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Netherlands,Poland,Slovenia,Spain,Switzerland,United Kingdom,Sweden,Sweden
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2010-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4141233.58
EU funding (EUR): 2999999.27
Participants: 19
Project status: CLOSED

Population ageing is among the most pressing challenges of the 21st century in Europe. Addressing this challenge scientifically demands an infrastructure of micro data of the changing health, economic and social living conditions of individuals as they go through the ageing process. SHARE, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, is an infrastructure of multidisciplinary, longitudinal, and cross-nationally harmonized micro data that has been created in response to these demands. Currently, SHARE contains two waves of data for about 32,000 respondents aged 50+ in 17 European countries. SHARE became a great success: More than 2300 researchers are working with the data, and SHARE has been elected to be one of the future ESFRI infrastructures. This project is the essential device to enhance the longitudinal stability of the SHARE panel and to improve access and consulting services to users in the years 2009 and 2010. It will: -enhance the longitudinal stability of the panel by keeping in touch with the panel members, monitoring moves, re-interviewing “lost” panel members, and ascertaining last year of life events of deceased panel members. The scientific value of SHARE critically depends on continuous panel care. -improve the research potential from the SHARE infrastructure by adding imputed values for missing variables, calibrated weights, geo-coded and environmental variables, and meta/para-statistics derived from IT-driven survey methods. -enhance the SHARE survey instrument in response to user feedback, to changes in the institutional environment, and to new survey technologies recently developed, making the interview more effective and less burdensome for the respondents. Such enhancements need to be implemented in 2009/early 2010 to be in time for the ESFRI-financed fourth wave of data collection. -improve and maintain the much applauded user-friendly access for SHARE data users through services provided by central and national support points.

Keywords: survey health ageing retirement