Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Humans On Planet Earth - Long-term impacts on biosphere dynamics (HOPE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Norway
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2278884.0
EU funding (EUR): 2278884.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

A critical question in Earth system science is what was the impact of prehistoric people on the biosphere and climate? There is much information about human impact through clearance, agriculture, erosion, and modifying water and nutrient budgets. Humans have greatly changed the Earth in the last 8000 years, but did humans modify the major ecological processes (e.g. assembly rules) that shape community assembly and dynamics? Did inter-relationships between processes change in response to human impact? Lyons et al. & Dietl (2016 Nature) suggest that human activities in the last 6000 years had such impacts. Dietl proposes that using past ‘natural experiments’ to predict future changes is “flawed” and “out is the use of uniformitarianism”. As using natural experiments is a common strategy and uniformitarianism is the major working concept in Earth sciences, it is imperative to test whether prehistoric human activity changed major ecological processes determining community development. To test this hypothesis, patterns in pollen-stratigraphical data for the past 11,500 years from over 2000 sites across the globe will be explored consistently using numerical techniques to discern changes in 25 ecosystem properties (richness, evenness, and diversity; turnover; rates of change; taxon co-occurrences, etc.). Patterns in these properties will be compared statistically at sites within biomes, between biomes, within continents, and between continents to test the hypotheses that prehistoric human activities changed the basic ecological processes of community assembly and that their inter-relationships changed through time. These areas provide major contrasts in human prehistory and biomes. HOPE is interdisciplinary: pollen analysis, databases, multivariate analysis, ecology, new statistical methods, numerical simulations, statistical modelling. HOPE’s impact goes beyond human effects on the biosphere and extends to the very core of Earth science’s basic conceptual framework.

Keywords: pollen analysis,europe,america,africa,holocene,ecosystem properties
Establishment of a Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology for the translation of fundamental research into sustainable bio-based technologies in Bulgaria (PlantaSYST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Spreading excellence and widening participation
Programme: Widening participation and spreading excellence
Theme: Improved access to Excellence
Action type: Specific Grant agreement
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Bulgaria,Bulgaria
Call: Teaming Phase 2 (H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 96.0
Total project cost (EUR): 14940000.0
EU funding (EUR): 14940000.0
Participants: 6
Project status: SIGNED

PlantaSYST aims at establishing a new Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB) in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The CPSBB registered as an autonomous legal research entity during TEAMING Phase 1 and is firmly supported by the Bulgarian and German PlantaSYST partners, the Governments of Bulgaria and Germany, and the Plovdiv Municipality. CPSBB´s mission is to position itself at the forefront of plant sciences in Bulgaria and South-East Europe. This will be achieved by building on the research and technological excellence of two strong partners from Potsdam, Germany: the University of Potsdam and the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology. Cutting-edge functional genomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics will be adopted to unravel the regulatory codes and metabolic pathways that govern plant development, stress physiology, and the production of valuable metabolites with potential market applications. Fundamental science, conducted in the CPSBB departments Plant Development, Molecular Stress Physiology, Metabolomics, and Bioinformatics, will feed into applied research of the departments Vegetable Breeding, Synthetic Biology, and Plant Cell Biotechnology. CPSBB provides the missing links between academia and industry in the region and will take a leading role in training next-generation researchers in crop systems biology and biotechnology. Thus, the CPSBB will fill the scientific and technological gaps identified in Bulgaria’s Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialisation. The service-oriented CPSBB administration is designed to function efficiently following the example of the Max Planck Society in Germany, and a Technology Transfer Office will facilitate the flow of knowledge and technologies to partners and end-users. Overall, the newly established CPSBB will significantly increase Bulgaria’s research and innovation potential, enhance the capacity in crop genomics, and stimulate the local scientific, economic, and social development in Plovdiv.

Keywords: plant systems biology,plant biotechnology
Flavor Anomalies and the origin of the Yukawa couplings (FLAY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2318750.0
EU funding (EUR): 2318750.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Recent experimental results in flavor physics exhibit deviations from the Standard Model predictions that are growing with time, both as far as statistical significance and as far as internal consistency. Understanding the origin of this phenomenon, the so-called “flavor anomalies”, is of paramount importance for a deeper understanding of fundamental interactions. As recently shown by the PI and collaborators, this phenomenon is likely to be intimately related to the long-standing “flavor problem”, or the origin of the hierarchical pattern of quark and lepton mass matrices observed in Nature. The goal of this project is to shed light on both these issues, providing a solution to old and recent puzzles in flavor physics. We propose to address these questions via an original bottom-up approach, based on Effective Field Theory methods and simplified models, combined with new top-down ideas about the ultraviolet completion of the Standard Model. On the phenomenological side, the proposed bottom-up approach will allow us to exploit with the highest accuracy all the available and expected experimental data. It will allow us to take into account both low- and high-energy observables, as well as both quark and lepton sectors. These results will constitute the basis for the theoretical investigation of a new class of Standard Model extensions not considered so far. The latter are based on new ideas, such as flavor non-universal gauge interactions, that imply a change of paradigm in theoretical high-energy physics: the origin of the flavor hierarchies plays a central role in revealing the ultraviolet completion of the Standard Model. Combining a bottom-up approach to flavor-physics data with top-down ideas on the origin of the flavor hierarchies, this project has the potential to lead to a major advancement in fundamental physics.

Keywords: fundamental interactions,beyond the standard model,flavour physics
Non-linearity to improve and analyze functional maps for geometric data. (NON-LINFMAPS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 92353.92
EU funding (EUR): 92353.92
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The functional maps (FM) is an effective and established method for shape matching in several applications such as computer graphics, medical imaging, computer-aided design and biomedical data analysis among many others. In the last few years, a large quantity of research has been devoted to this topic, giving rise to new analysis and implementation of innovative methods. The interest in FM arises from its efficiency, its effectiveness and the several applications in which FM can be involved. Given two 3D shapes, FM focus on the correspondence between the functional spaces defined on two surfaces rather than between the points of their 3D embeddings. A small matrix can compactly encode the FM representing the functional spaces on a fixed basis. A common choice is to approximate the functional spaces as a linear vector space through a truncated subset of their Fourier basis. In most cases, only the vector space structure of functional spaces is exploited, but not their algebra, i.e., the ability to take pointwise products of functions. With NON-LINFMAPS, we aim to reinforce the FM injecting the non-linearity in the framework through new representations of the functional spaces and innovative techniques for the conversion of the FM in a point-to-point matching. The main motivations of this proposal are twofold. First, there is solid evidence that non-linearity encodes essential map properties. Second, the non-linearity of maps between embedded surfaces makes non-linearity more suitable to extract high-quality correspondences from FM. Through the MSCA, we plan to create an entirely novel computational framework for FM that directly exploits the algebra structure of functional spaces integrating non-linearity. Based on these new insights, we will design efficient algorithms and entirely new applications for different shape representations, such as graphs, point clouds and volumetric data confirming the multi-disciplinary potential of our proposal.

Keywords: functional maps,non linearity,spectral geometry,shape matching,deformations transfer
COLOPHONS AND SCHOLARS: TOWARDS A SOCIAL HISTORY OF KNOWLEDGE IN BABYLONIA DURING THE FIRST MILLENNIUM BCE (Colophons-Scholars)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177598.8
EU funding (EUR): 177598.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My Colophons and Scholars project will undertake an infrastructural intervention into the history and sociology of science urgently required for the one of the longest-living traditions of learning. It will open a major new data set and exploit it for evidence on the production, consumption, and transmission of knowledge in Babylonia. Why are colophons important? The entire lives of scribes, keepers of knowledge, can be traced through the colophons appended at the bottom of their works. As paratexts they offer a hitherto untapped opportunity of understanding the social context of the transmission of knowledge. I will change the state-of-the-art by offering a systematic study of all Neo-Babylonian colophons. Creating an online relational and GIS database and analyzing the colophon data will improve our understanding of Mesopotamian knowledge and give a new impulse for further study. My method combines the approaches of social networks analysis (SNA) with those of the sociology of science, anthropology, archaeology, economic history, and philology. The project will be supervised at Leiden University by Prof. Waerzeggers, the first Assyriologist to adopt SNA for studying Babylonian cuneiform records. It will collaborate closely with her ERC project Persia and Babylonia. Access to the specialist library and cuneiform tablets of the Netherlands Institute of the Near East in Leiden, and working within the multidisciplinary structure of the Leiden Institute of Area Studies offers an ideal environment for conducting my research and disseminating my results. This will be achieved by providing an open access database, publishing a monograph, and organizing international seminars. I expect to acquire proficiency in consulting Neo-Babylonian archives and refine my theoretical training in SNA. Under the supervision of Waerzeggers at LIAS I intend to resume my academic career, which has been interrupted for family reasons, and attain the academic position, to which I aspire.

Keywords: colophons,transfer of knowledge,social network analysis,sociology of science,prosopography,gis mapping,geography of knowledge,history of economy,chronology,science and power,kinship
Bioactive lipids at the ocular surface: from Langmuir surface balance to ophthalmic nanoemulsions (BioNanoLip)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-01-06
End date: 2022-01-05
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 159815.04
EU funding (EUR): 159815.04
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Since 2012 the interest to the studies of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) stabilizing the air/tear surface has dramatically raised. Firstly TFLL related abnormalities may be the main reason for dry eye syndrome (DES), the most prevalent ophthalmic public health disease affecting the quality of life of 10-30% of the human population worldwide and resulting in > €3.5 billion annual cost for EU. Secondly due to TFLL exceptionally slow turnover rate of 0.93 (±0.36)%/min, ophthalmic nanoemulsions mixing favorably with it can gain long residence at the ocular surface allowing for new routes of treatment not only of DES but also of glaucoma, the major vision threatening disease today. Therefore it is important to study the impact of key lipid classes to the micro- and nano-scale structure and to the dynamic surface properties of TFLL films at the air/water interface in health and disease and in vitro and vivo. This is what we will do by employing state of the art Langmuir surface balance, dilatational rheology, fluorescence and Brewster angle microscopy techniques as well as pharmacokinetic methodologies. The action will deliver both, (i) fundamental knowledge on TFLL functionality and DES mechanisms and (ii) molecules and formulations that can enhance TFLL functionality and lead to new therapies. The action will allow to European science and industry to aim for leadership in a field of increasing social importance.

Keywords: lipids,fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy,langmuir films,ophthalmic nanoemulsions
TARGIS - Variable Rate Smart Fertilizing System in Precision Agriculture (TARGIS-VRA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for sustainable and competitive agriculture, forestry, agri-food and bio-based sectors (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Precision agriculture is a practice that adopts high information technologies like GPS, control units and software for the purpose of optimizing yield according to local varying soil conditions while conducting agricultural inputs applications (planting, fertilizing, spraying and harvesting, land surveying, line handling systems, yield mapping and grain loss monitoring systems). Current precision agriculture technology platforms provide compact system solutions. Traditionally manufactured agriculture machines, commonly used in European countries cannot adapt precision agriculture technologies. Precision agriculture platforms in Europe are mainly based on ISO-bus structures that are compatible only with ISO-bus tractors, which are advanced and highly expensive solutions. However, the current structure of TARGIS-VRA can be adapted to traditional agricultural machines and attains 25% to 30% fertilizer conservation (due to 5 years of field studies). As a result, precision farming is made possible for traditionally manufactured machines and pays itself of in maximum one year for a single farmer with 20 hectares of average field size.

Keywords: resource and cost efficiency,sustainability,precision agriculture,variable rate applications,smart fertilizing,smart pest management,biodiversity protection
Autonomous Prostate Biopsy (PROST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2019-PoC, 2019)
Start date: 2019-12-01
End date: 2021-05-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The PROST PoC proposal aims at demonstrating the technical, clinical and economical feasibility of autonomous prostate biopsy execution, by applying the technologies developed by the ERC project ARS (Autonomous Robotic Surgery) to a robotic prostate biopsy system. Prostate biopsy is a good candidate for the application of automation in clinical practice since it is a rather simple procedure, carried out on more than 1 Mil/year patients in Europe, and still affected by a diagnostic error higher than 30%. This means that about 300,000 patients in Europe alone, are directed to therapies that will require repeated biopsies or will make the patient undergo unnecessary surgeries. Errors are mostly due to human inaccuracy in identifying the correct biopsy target and in executing the free-hand biopsy. The PROST project aims at removing the human from the identification/execution process, thus reducing the diagnosis and execution errors. The project is made feasible by two enabling factors: the on going ERC project ARS that is developing sensing and control architecture for autonomous surgical robots, and the availability of a prototype of robot for prostate biopsy developed with a grant by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. The PROST project will integrate the sensing and control architecture with the biopsy hardware and avoid lengthy hardware and software development. Thus, the first objective of the proposal is the technical validation of the autonomous prostate biopsy system. Then, extensive cadaveric tests will determine the clinical rationale to use an autonomous robot for prostate biopsy. Finally, the third objective of PROST is to develop and validate a business case for the commercial exploitation of the PROST prototype, addressing low cost/high volume cases. The positive results of these validations will be a strong motivation for the development of a start up company that will industrialize and medically certify the system.

Keywords: autonomous robots,robotic surgery,robotic diagnosis,prostate biopsy
Catalyst Control over X-Fold Stereogenicity (X-Fold StereoGen)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-01
End date: 2026-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999266.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999266.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Catalytic, stereoselective methodologies to study the control over the configuration of stereogenic elements with three- four-, five- and six-fold stereoisomerism are proposed. Previous catalyst-stereocontrolled methods allowed the differentiation of a twofold number of stereoisomers for any given stereogenic element. It is thus anticipated that expanding the stereogenicity in stereoselective catalysis represents a significant advance for the field. The reunification of conformational analysis and stereoisomerism in organic synthesis is expected to provide an improved conceptual framework. Traditionally, stereogenic elements are considered to generate a doubled number of possible stereoisomers, which are assigned with standard stereochemical descriptors such as R and S. The overall number of possible stereoisomers in a molecule with a set of stereogenic elements (n) is thus commonly predicted as 2^n. This binary stereochemical understanding of stereoisomerism represents a current basis for organic synthesis and a wide range of bioactive compounds critical for our health care are skillfully prepared by controlling the configuration of desired stereoisomers. Control over stereogenic elements that generate more than a twofold number of possible stereoisomers thus dramatically extents the scope of current stereoselective catalysis and organic synthesis. 1: The underpinnings of conformational analysis and the catalyst-stereocontrolled synthesis will be conceptually unequivocally reunited. 2: The uncharted setting of catalyst control over three-, four-, five- and six-fold stereogenicity will be established by the development of versatile synthetic methodologies. 3: Novel molecular architectures featuring unique chemical topologies will be assessible, representing unexplored chemical designs for a broad range of applications. 4: A divergent catalysis approach will be explored, utilizing common substrates for several stereoisomeric products with extended stereogenicity.

Keywords: stereoselective catalysis,stereochemistry,conformational analysis