Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The formation of supermassive black holes in the early universe (FIRSTBHs)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: France
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173076.0
EU funding (EUR): 173076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Supermassive black holes (BHs) of more than a billion solar masses have been observed at z > 6 when the Universe was less than a billion years old. Forming such objects is highly challenging, as high accretion rates need to be maintained over very long time scales. Seed BHs with masses of 10^4 -10^6 solar masses, as predicted by the “direct collapse” scenario, provide a promising pathway to explain their presence. During this project, I will derive the mass distribution of the BHs to provide constraints on their masses and growth mechanisms which can tested with upcoming missions such as JWST and ATHENA. To achieve this goal, I will build up a statistical sample of high-resolution adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) simulations of massive primordial halos, following the dynamics of the gas from cosmological scales down to scales comparable to the solar system. The gravitational collapse initially forms a rapidly accreting protostar, which subsequently moves to the main sequence providing ultra-violet (UV) feedback and finally collapses to a massive BH. In the first part of the project, I will compute the impact of stellar feedback from the supermassive star and follow the time evolution of the mass accretion rates. Subsequently, the simulations will be extended by incorporating the X-ray feedback from the BH itself. Finally, scaling relations between the properties of the host halos and BH masses will be derived. This work will provide the first detailed assessment of the mass distribution of seed BHs, and their observational properties. This is a substantial step forward to understand the origin of high-redshift BHs.

Keywords: black hole formation,early universe,first galaxies,cosmology theory,first quasars,numerical simulations,agn and stellar uv feedback
Coherent Structures in Wall-bounded Turbulence (COTURB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2016-02-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2218250.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Turbulence is a multiscale phenomenon for which control efforts have often failed because the dimension of the attractor is large. However, kinetic energy and drag are controlled by relatively few slowly evolving large structures that sit on top of a multiscale cascade of smaller eddies. They are essentially single-scale phenomena whose evolution can be described using less information than for the full flow. In evolutionary terms they are punctuated ‘equilibria’ for which chaotic evolution is only intermittent. The rest of the time they can be considered coherent and predictable for relatively long periods. Coherent structures studied in the 1970s in free-shear flows (e.g. jets) eventually led to increased understanding and to industrial applications. In wall-bounded cases (e.g. boundary layers), proposed structures range from exact permanent waves and orbits to qualitative observations such as hairpins or ejections. Although most of them have been described at low Reynolds numbers, there are reasons to believe that they persist at higher ones in the ‘LES’ sense in which small scales are treated statistically. Recent computational and experimental advances provide enough temporally and spatially resolved data to quantify the relevance of such models to fully developed flows. We propose to use mostly existing numerical data bases to test the various models of wall-bounded coherent structures, to quantify how often and how closely the flow approaches them, and to develop moderate-time predictions. Existing solutions will be extended to the LES equations, methods will be sought to identify them in fully turbulent flows, and reduced-order models will be developed and tested. In practical situations, the idea is to be able to detect large eddies and to predict them ‘most of the time’. If simple enough models are found, the process will be implemented in the laboratory and used to suggest control strategies.

Keywords: turbulence,structure identification,reduced order models
Analysing Politicisation around Sports Mega Events (SME) in contemporary Russia (SMERUPOL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184707.84
EU funding (EUR): 184707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sports mega events (SME) have raised major interest in Russia and are massively invested by the current political power, as demonstrated by the personal implication of V. Putin in the Russian application to host the 2014 Winter Olympic Games and the 2018 Football World Cup. SME are efficient tools of legitimacy for the political power, however, they are also an object of controversy. While the hosting of the 2018 World Cup in Russia and the good performance of the Russian football team generated enthusiasm within the Russian society, doping and corruption scandals still tarnish Russia in the international sporting arena. Additionally, the pension reform adopted during the last World Cup resulted in vivid criticism within the Russian society. Following this observations, SMERUPOL aims at answering the following question: to what extent and how do Russians politicise their point of view around the theme of SME? Thus, SMERUPOL aims at filling a gap in the literature on the construction of the relationship towards politics in contemporary Russia; a field that remains widely understudied. More broadly, it intends to contribute to the study of the politicisation processes in authoritarian contexts. Building on the Experienced Researcher’s (ER) expertise in Russian politics as well as in sports and politics in Russia, the Individual Fellowship will provide the ER with a chance to access and participate in international researchers’ networks, while diversifying her scientific expertise, training in new scientific and transferable skills, thus reinforcing her maturity as an IR scholar, as well as the host institution’s own visibility in the European Research Area.

Keywords: russian politics,sports mega events,individual politicisation
ARGONAUTE proteins transport routes and subcelular activities (AGOras)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Small RNAs (sRNA) have emerged as major players in a multitude of pathways, controlling development and preserving genome integrity in plant and animals. To fulfill their biological function, sRNA are loaded into ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, together this AGO/sRNA complex recognizes and regulates the target genes. Depending on the organism and the sRNA pathway involved, AGOs have nuclear and/or the cytoplasmic localization and functions. Although globally AGO mediated processes are reasonably understood, the transport routes involved, their shuttling regulation and transient subcellular roles remain completely unknown. This proposal outlines a series of mutually reinforcing experiments to mechanistically study the transport routes and subcellular roles of AGO-sRNA complexes. In details, combining cell biology, RNA biochemistry, protein modeling, bioinformatics, deep-sequencing analyses, nuclear fractionation methods and single-molecule studies the proposed project aims to: 1) Identify key subcellular localization signals of AGO proteins; 2) Decipher AGO shuttling mechanism and their regulation; and 3) Dissect cytoplasmic and nuclear roles of AGO proteins on RNA pathways. The anticipated results will provide a crucial breakthrough in the eukaryotic RNA pathways and gene regulation fields. The interest in non-coding RNA action goes beyond mere mechanistic knowledge. Understanding non-coding RNA action is of paramount importance given the extraordinary potential held by the therapeutic, veterinary and agronomic exploitation of these molecules. As a result, the knowledge on the transport routes and subcellular roles of AGO-sRNA complexes obtained during the proposed project will provide an important contribution to European excellence and competitiveness in the field.

Keywords: argonaute proteins,non coding rna,nucleo cytoplasmic shuttling,arabidopsis thaliana,caenobrditis elegans
On-Surface Synthesis, Transfer and Device Fabrication of Novel Carbon-based Nanomaterials (OssCaNa)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The study of on-surface chemical reactions has attracted recently an enormous interest demonstrating to be a versatile tool for the fabrication of atomically precise covalently bonded carbon nanomaterials that cannot be synthesized in conventional solution-based chemistry. However, despite of the extraordinary advances realized in the field of on-surface synthesis in the last years, a gap between ideal nanomaterials and the accessible synthetic pathways to reach them still persists. Contemporarily to the recent progress achieved in on-surface synthesis, the fabrication of high-performance tunneling field-effect transistors (FETs) based on the bottom-up chemical synthesis of specific carbon-based nanomaterials, such as low-bandgap GNRs, has supposed an enormous progress for the fabrication of next-generation electronic devices, opening the field of flexible and low-consumption electronics. A general feature of the bottom-up assembly approaches realized so far is the need of a metallic substrate to trigger and promote the assembly of precursor monomers into the desired final nanomaterial. As a result, the final product is supported on metal substrates, which is not adequate for the device development. Therefore, efficient transfer procedures for bringing the targeted nanomaterial onto technologically relevant semiconducting or insulating substrates are necessary. In this context, the goal of the OssCaNa project presents two steps. First, it aims at the study of carbon-based nanomaterials combining a broad variety of surface science techniques such as low temperature scanning probe microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS), non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Second, it focusses on the efficient transfer of the targeted nanomaterials fabricated and characterized on a metallic substrate in the previous step, to appropriate substrates for further electrical transport characterization and high-performance device fabrication.

Keywords: surfaces,scanning tunneling microscopy,scanning tunneling spectroscopy,nc afm,x ray photoelectron spectroscopies,raman spectroscopy,substrate transfer,device fabrication
Programmable Systems for Intelligence in Automobiles (PRYSTINE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Electronic Components and Systems
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: ECSEL (Art-187)
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Italy,Italy,Austria,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Spain,Israel,Spain,Spain,Spain,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Germany,Finland,Finland,Romania,Sweden,Türkiye,Türkiye,Belgium,Finland,Belgium,Greece,Lithuania,Latvia,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands
Call: RIA (H2020-ECSEL-2017-2-RIA-two-stage, 2017)
Start date: 2018-05-01
End date: 2021-10-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 50293730.79
EU funding (EUR): 14368382.459999999
Participants: 62
Project status: CLOSED

The ambition of PRYSTINE is to strengthen and to extend traditional core competencies of the European industry, research and universities in smart mobility and in particular the electronic component and systems and cyber-physical systems domains. PRYSTINE's target is to realize Fail-operational Urban Surround perceptION (FUSION) which is based on robust Radar and LiDAR sensor fusion and control functions in order to enable safe automated driving in urban and rural environments. Therefore, PRYSTINE's high-level goals are: 1. Enhanced reliability and performance, reduced cost and power of FUSION components 2. Dependable embedded control by co-integration of signal processing and AI approaches for FUSION 3. Optimized E/E architecture enabling FUSION-based automated vehicles 4. Fail-operational systems for urban and rural environments based on FUSION PRYSTINE will deliver (a) fail-operational sensor-fusion framework on component level, (b) dependable embedded E/E architectures, and (c) safety compliant integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches for object recognition, scene understanding, and decision making within automotive applications. The resulting reference FUSION hardware/software architectures and reliable components for autonomous systems will be validated in in 22 industrial demonstrators, such as: 1. Fail-operational autonomous driving platform 2. An electrical and highly automated commercial truck equipped with new FUSION components (such as LiDAR, Radar, camera systems, safety controllers) for advanced perception 3. Highly connected passenger car anticipating traffic situations 4. Sensor fusion in human-machine interfaces for fail-operational control transition in highly automated vehicles PRYSTINE’s well-balanced, value chain oriented consortium, is composed of 60 project partners from 14 different European and non-European countries, including leading automotive OEMs, semiconductor companies, technology partners, and research institutes.

Keywords: semiconductor components,sensors,safety critical systems,dependable systems,embedded computing architectures,artificial intelligence,automated driving
Mechanisms of α-synuclein spreading, implications for synucleinopathies (NEUROTUNN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185076.0
EU funding (EUR): 185076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, including highly prevalent illnesses, is the presence of misfolded protein aggregates in affected regions of the nervous system. Aggregates result from the misfolding of one or more specific proteins, for example, amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease, α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease, and the normal prion protein in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Recently a series of exciting studies has suggested a prion-like mechanism underlying the pathological spreading of misfolded proteins (mainly tau, α-synuclein and huntingtin) involved in various neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly striking is the recovery of α-synuclein aggregates from engrafted embryonic neurons in post-mortem brains transplanted from Parkinson’s patients. Thus, while questioning the therapeutic use of transplants, the understanding of the molecular and cellular fundaments of cell-to-cell transmission of proteinaceous aggregates is clearly in the early stages of investigation and may represent a more readily accessible target for novel disease-modifying therapies, allowing the development of possible common therapeutic strategies. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a novel mechanism of direct intercellular communication that has been shown to mediate both transfer of prions between neuronal cells and the passage of poliQ huntingtin between neurons. We hypothesize that TNT-mediated transfer of amyloidogenic protein aggregates represents one of the main pathways of communication between cells. Thus, molecules involved in TNT formation could represent valuable targets for the disease prevention. Here I will assess the underlying mechanism of cell-to cell transfer of α-synuclein, exploring whether its transport could be mediated by TNTs in physiologically relevant in vitro models, evaluating as well the possible contribution of non-cell autonomous processes, via neuron-glial interactions, to the pathological spreading of the protein.

Keywords: cellular communication,alpha synuclein aggregates,tunneling nanotubes,prion like,non cell autonomous,synucleinopathies
Fighting cancer relapse with remote activation of smart and targeted nanoconstructs (XtraUS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Call for proposals for ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2020-PoC, 2020)
Start date: 2021-03-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 20.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project XtraUS focuses on the prevention of cancer relapse and on the achievement of an early cure of recurrence, thus having a heavy impact on health and on its financial implications. Actually, many patients unfortunately get into a recurrence of their primary tumor disease, since their cancer is not fully remitted and they require further treatment to manage it. Minimal residual disease (MRD) after potentially curative treatment generally contributes to disease relapse and is the target of early adjuvant treatments. In particular, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood stream have a key role in cancer progression, recurrence and metastasis spreading. However, their such tiny amount is difficult to detect by conventional laboratory tests. From a social and financial perspective, fighting these cancer cells has a huge impact on cancer relapse prevention and thus on the health, quality of life and overall cancer treatment expenditure. XtraUS aims at validating a breakthrough technology to fight CTCs in the bloodstream and thus reduces the rise of MRD and further cancer relapse. It applies an extracorporeal blood circulation set-up exploiting a novel stimuli-responsive, targeted and non-immunogenic nanoconstruct, remotely activated against CTCs. XtraUS results in a personalized and translational approach, with high-target specificity and reduced collateral damage to both blood and adjacent healthy tissues. With this technology, we aim to advance the conventional treatments of CTCs in the blood stream, proposing a more effective and safer treatment to fight cancer relapse and metastasis spreading than the current ones. The driving idea is to render permanent and efficacious the first treatment offered to patients for their primary tumor disease, avoid cancer relapse, and reduce all associated costs. XtraUS is a versatile technology, with potential applications also on many other diseases, with huge societal and economic impacts on public health.

Keywords: extracorporeal blood circulation,circulating tumor cells,minimal residual disease,ultrasound,irradiation
Communicate Heal-th: A Virtual Reality training tool for optimizing expectancy effects in patient-provider interaction (COMMUNICATE-HEAL-TH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Call for proposals for ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2020-PoC, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

As shown in the EXPECT-HEALTH project (617700), positive treatment expectations lead to improved health outcomes, while negative expectations have the opposite effect. To make use of this phenomenon in clinical practice, interventions have been developed to improve treatment expectations in patients, but these thus far only target the patient. A novel application would be to instead train healthcare professionals to optimize the expectations of their patients. This allows a much bigger audience to be reached with less investment. To make the training as efficient and effective as possible, state-of-the-art technological means must be used. We therefore propose an innovative virtual reality-based training tool for healthcare professionals, that will teach them to optimize expectations in their patients. In this project, the virtual training tool will be developed and brought to the pre-demonstration phase by a team of experts in expectancy effects on health and eHealth intervention development.

Keywords: patient provider interaction,placebo effects,nocebo effects,ehealth,virtual reality,virtual patients,intervention development,expectancy