Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Towards a Dynamic Algorithms Centric Theory of Linear Programming (DYNALP)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer Science and Informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2024-COG, 2024)
Start date: 2025-08-01
End date: 2030-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1994106.0
EU funding (EUR): 1994106.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This proposal explores the interplay between two key concepts in theoretical computer science. (I) "Linear programs" (LPs) have historically played a pivotal role in the development of the field of algorithm design. The simple abstraction of an LP, which optimizes a linear function subject to a set of linear constraints, is powerful enough to encode a wide variety of combinatorial optimization problems. Accordingly, LP-based techniques are so ubiquitous today that any textbook on algorithms would be incomplete without a serious discussion on how to use them. (II) "Dynamic algorithms" have emerged as a popular model of computation in the 21st century, motivated by applications involving massive and rapidly evolving data-sets; such as social networks and google maps. Here, the goal is to maintain a good solution to an optimization problem when the underlying input changes over time. This research area has seen exciting advances in the last decade. In spite of this progress, however, we still have little understanding of how far, and extensively, can LP-based techniques be adapted to the world of dynamic algorithms. The proposal will bridge this chasm, by developing a dynamic algorithms centric theory of linear programming. Further, it will show how to use this theory of dynamic LPs to push the frontier of fast static algorithms for fundamental graph problems. Building a launchpad out of some recent successes obtained by the PI, the proposal will attack outstanding open questions in both static and dynamic algorithms literature. In addition, as a by-product of the versatility of its approach, it will have significant implications for algorithm design in other models of computation as well; such as online and sublinear algorithms.
Reconnecting underground networks to maximise the flow and storage of carbon in forest soils (RECONNECT)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental B iology, Ecology  and E volution
Panel description: For all organisms : Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change , evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology , marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and mod elling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2025-STG, 2025)
Start date: 2026-01-01
End date: 2030-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2494350.0
EU funding (EUR): 2494350.0
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

In order to maximise the potential for habitat restoration initiatives to mitigate our grandest environmental challenges, we urgently need to understand how differing approaches to forest creation affect the recovery of belowground foodwebs and the carbon cycling processes they underpin. This is a formidable challenge: we know startlingly little about how natural climate solutions, such as large-scale reforestation, influence biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the soil, the place where most species on the planet live and where 75% of terrestrial carbon stocks are found. Meeting this challenge not only requires a step change in our understanding of the form and function of complex soil biotic networks and the factors that mediate their reassembly with reforestation, but it also requires new knowledge of the mechanisms that underpin the formation of stable soil carbon stocks. The overarching aim of the RECONNECT project is to address these gaps by building the first complete picture of how contrasting reforestation approaches mediate the whole ecosystem movement of carbon from assimilation to stabilisation in the soil via differences in the reassembly of belowground biotic networks. To achieve this, I will use a unique and powerful combination of landscape scale field experiments, state-of-the-art molecular tools, isotopic tracing and cutting-edge biogeochemistry, to: (i) develop our mechanistic understanding of how contrasting woodland creation approaches (planting versus natural colonisation of trees) impact the flow, stabilisation and storage of carbon in forest soils, and (ii) determine how differing routes to forest creation influence the reassembly and functioning of interconnected mycorrhizal networks. In doing so, I will make major breakthroughs in our understanding of the functioning of terrestrial systems and provide a much-needed evidence-base to inform he way we reforest millions of hectares of the Earth’s surface.

Keywords: soil biodiversity,forest ecology,mycorrhizal fungi,carbon cycling,ecosystem restoration
Lightning-ignited wildfires: thunderstorms and extreme events (FIRESKY)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Netherlands,Switzerland,Spain
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2023 (HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-09-01
End date: 2026-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 203464.32
EU funding (EUR): 203464.32
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Lightning is the most frequent natural ignition source of wildfires. Lightning-ignited wildfires (LIWs) are a significant part of the fire regime in remote and mountainous regions across the world, as well as a major component of wildfires crises in the USA, Canada, Siberia, southern Europe, and Australia, among other regions. Dry lightning (lightning that occurs without a considerable amount of rain) are mentioned as one of the main factors driving LIWs. However, it is unclear how frequently dry lightning ignite fires, and whether dry lightning are associated to certain patters (e.g., shorter and smaller storms) and the lifecycle of thunderstorms (e.g., located at the edge and during the final stage). On the other hand, the projected increase in lightning, along with global-scale processes (climate and land use changes), suggest that extreme wildfire events caused by lightning are likely to occur more frequently. FIRESKY aims to enhance the understanding of LIWs to improve preparedness for changing wildfire regimes. To this end, FIRESKY will first characterize the thunderstorms causing LIWs, and second identify extreme LIWs and the conditions that promote them. The research project will find the specific lightning strikes and thunderstorms responsible for LIWs, and a database of extreme LIWs will be created. In summary, FIRESKY will help understand the role of thunderstorms in fire ignitions, and how these ignitions interact with other factors to become extreme wildfires. This knowledge can be incorporated into fire forecasting and detection systems. In addition, FIRESKY increases public awareness about natural and extreme wildfires, and contributes to adaptation to climate change by improving our preparedness to extreme events as part of an integrated fire management approach.

Keywords: wildfire,lightning,thunderstorm,extreme event,natural hazard,fire danger,climate change,meteorology,remote sensing,forest management
High Speed Communication Links Based on Heterogeneous Chips (COMb)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC PROOF OF CONCEPT GRANTS1 (ERC-2022-POC1, 2022)
Start date: 2022-08-01
End date: 2024-01-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The constant hunger for data is straining optical links causing optical chip makers to struggle. Transceivers have to work at everincreasing symbol rates. On top they need to handle more complex data formats. New materials have to be sought after as current modulator technologies in e.g. silicon are reaching their limit. In the COMb project, we will leverage recently obtained results to make ultra-high-speed transceivers based on the multi-material integration of Indium Phosphide and Lithium Niobate on a silicon nitride platform. By exploiting mode-locked lasers and using a large number of lines higher data rates can be transmitted over the same channel. By heterogeneously integrating the source with a Lithium Niobate modulator very high symbol rates can be obtained.
Unraveling Ocean-Sea Ice Interactions: Numerical Insights into Mixing and Double Diffusion Convection (OSII)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: France
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2023 (HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-07-01
End date: 2026-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 211754.88
EU funding (EUR): 211754.88
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The Arctic region has undergone profound transformations in recent decades due to a rapid decline in sea ice extent. These shifts impact the interplay between sea ice, the atmosphere, and the ocean, involving complex thermodynamic and dynamic processes. Understanding these interactions is crucial for addressing the repercussions of Arctic climate change. However, existing models used for climate projections struggle to capture fine-scale processes at the ocean-sea ice boundary, necessitating parametrizations. Unfortunately, these parametrizations are grounded in empirical rather than theoretical foundations, limiting their applicability across diverse ocean conditions. Recent studies highlight the increased role of wind-driven mixing at the ocean-sea ice interface and the lack of studies that include the joint effect of double diffusion convection, two fundamental processes occurring in sea ice-covered regions. The Ocean-Sea Ice Interaction (OSII) project seeks to bridge this critical gap by employing highly efficient direct numerical simulations (DNS). This innovative approach promises a more precise comprehension of ice melting rates and boundary-layer dynamics resulting from the complex interplay of internal waves/tides and double diffusion convection. The OSII project is committed to: 1) Quantify the influence of tides on double diffusion convection within a homogeneous fluid flow. 2) Explore the interplay between internal waves induced by a wave-maker and double diffusion convection in stratified flows. 3) Enhance the vertical mixing parametrization within the NEMO-SI3 general circulation model through insights derived from DNS outcomes. OSII will enable the candidate fellow to produce impactful research results for the research community, policymakers, and the public. Moreover, it will provide her with top-tier training from world-renowned institutions in fluid dynamics and oceanography, enhancing her prospects of obtaining a permanent research position.

Keywords: ocean sea ice interaction,ocean turbulence,ice melting,salty water,stratified ocean,polar regions,direct numerical simulation dns,arctic climate change
Flood fOREcasting with Satellite Imagery and Generative High-resolution Techniques (FORESIGHT)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2024 (HORIZON-MSCA-2024-PF-01, 2024)
Start date: 2025-05-01
End date: 2027-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 276187.92
EU funding (EUR): 276187.92
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Floods are among the most devastating natural disasters, causing widespread destruction and economic losses globally. Despite advancements in flood early warning systems, they remain limited in their ability to mitigate such losses, primarily due to a lack of accurate real-time flood inundation maps (FIMs) forecasting and reliable uncertainty quantification. The overall goal of the FORESIGHT project is to develop a framework to address this critical gap by leveraging cutting-edge Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) techniques to forecast real-time FIMs with high resolution (30 meter/6hr) up to 5 days ahead. The proposed approach offers multiple advantages: it enables fast generation of FIMs by employing GenAI and omitting the time-consuming physical hydraulic model component of traditional approaches. It ensures accuracy by modifying dynamic river networks and improving precipitation forecast uncertainties. Physical consistency is maintained by training GenAI with data output from physical models. Crucially, it provides reliable uncertainty quantification for the generated forecasts. This innovative approach will be applied across four diverse large river basins - the Rhine, Indus, Niger, and Severn - to ensure broad applicability. Additionally, I will test the approach in ungauged basins to assess its potential applicability in data-scarce regions. By utilizing only satellite earth observation data and open-source global coverage data, the project aims to pave the way for the development of global operational flood forecasting systems.

Keywords: flood inundation,generative ai,hydrological model,hydraulic model
Women Entrepreneurs in Renewable, Innovative, and Sustainable Enterprises (WE-RISE)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Innovative Europe
Programme: European innovation ecosystems
Theme: Interconnected Innovation Ecosystems
Destination: Interconnected Innovation Ecosystems
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Portugal,Slovakia,France,Spain,Lithuania
Call: Startup Europe (HORIZON-EIE-2024-CONNECT-01, 2024)
Start date: 2025-01-01
End date: 2026-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999966.25
EU funding (EUR): 1999966.25
Participants: 5
Project status: SIGNED

The European Union leads globally in sustainable and climate technologies, yet maintaining this leadership necessitates ensuring broad accessibility across all Member States for GreenTech, AgriTech, and ClimaTech innovators. Despite significant potential, disparities persist in gender inclusivity and resource distribution, risking the exclusion of certain regions and stakeholders without intervention. The WE-RISE project addresses these challenges by empowering underrepresented female entrepreneurs in GreenTech, AgriTech, and ClimateTech. Through a strategic blend of funding and tailored support, the consortium aims to amplify the market presence of high-potential women-led startups, particularly from emerging European economies. The project's pillars include amplifying market presence through targeted funding and investor matchmaking, integrating startups into the ecosystem through cross-border acceleration activities, and providing a holistic growth program. By prioritising inclusivity, diversity, and systemic change, WE-RISE seeks to enhance the impact and visibility of Green-Women-led startups, contributing to the broader advancement of the European innovation ecosystem towards sustainability.

Keywords: greentech agritech climatech women led green women led startups widening countries holistic growth programme
Role of minerals in preservation of sedimentary ancient DNA (MinDNA)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Denmark,Sweden
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2022 (HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01, 2022)
Start date: 2024-09-01
End date: 2026-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230774.4
EU funding (EUR): 230774.4
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Sedimentary ancient DNA (SedaDNA) is DNA associated with non-recent sediments. SedaDNA are found to persist in the environment for geologically relevant timescales and have gained significant popularity for palaeoecological reconstructions and unravelling past biodiversity. Free DNA molecules degrade within days to weeks in the environment due exposure to nucleases, UV radiation, temperature fluctuations and slow spontaneous hydrolysis. The adsorption of DNA to mineral surfaces in sediments appear to preserve DNA molecules, but we do still not understand how mineralogy and soil and sediment conditions affect DNA retention, preservation and recovery. With more quantitative knowledge of DNA-mineral interactions, we can better address the preservation potential in a deposit, unravel the source area of the extracted DNA and develop extraction protocols that provide a higher yield. It is known that the DNA-mineral affinity and adsorption strength vary across mineral and environmental conditions and a strong DNA-mineral association can be speculated to offer a greater preservation potential in contrast to a week DNA-mineral interaction where there would be available bonds for participation in the degradation process. It is also unclear how co-adsorbed biomolecules influence sedaDNA retention and preservation. The aim of MinDNA is to obtain insights into the mechanisms and processes affecting DNA stability on mineral surfaces. MinDNA will take a multidisciplinary approach to obtain quantitative bond parameters, adsorption and degradation measures at the bulk and molecular level as well as performing molecular and bulk level in situ experiments to understand the dynamics of the reactions. Further, the chemistry and nature of the interacting bonds will be quantified using novel FTIR techniques. The gained knowledge will be combined into a conceptual model that can be used by a broad range of researchers to advance the resolution and scope of SedaDNA applications.

Keywords: sedimentary ancient dna,dna preservation,dna degradation,adsorption,minerals,soil organic matter,geobiology,infrared imaging,atomic force microscopy,bond strength
Providing Computational Insights into Cardiac Xenotransplantation (XenoSim)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2022-COG, 2022)
Start date: 2024-01-01
End date: 2028-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999410.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999410.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

We are at the dawn of a new age in medicine, marked by the first pig-to-human heart transplant. Xenotransplantation has long been a dream for clinicians and now, due to rapid progress in gene editing, is becoming a reality. To overcome immediate rejection, barriers of immunity and infection have to be overcome, however, achieving long-term success requires a deep understanding of the physiological and mechanical challenges introduced by the anatomically dissimilar xenotransplants. XENOSIM aims to address these challenges by providing fundamental clinical insights into the nascent field of cardiac xenotransplantation through the development and application of novel high-resolution, higher-order, multiphysics simulation methods. Tremendous progress has been made in biomedical imaging, nonetheless, a multitude of physical phenomena relevant to xenotransplantation are not available for experimental observation. In silico studies are uniquely placed to provide insights into the haemodynamic disruption caused by replacing a human heart with an anatomically dissimilar one. XENOSIM is targeting the establishment of the first family of porcine cardiac xenotransplant models that can provide clinically significant insights into the haemodynamic compatibility of porcine donor hearts, the impact of surgical approach, and the consequence of pathologies. To provide these novel insights requires new coupled simulation approaches. Accordingly, the second goal of XENOSIM is to create a new class of monolithic finite volume fluid-electro-solid interaction methods, which can provide predictions in clinically relevant timescales through the exploitation of hybrid CPU-GPU systems. XENOSIM will establish the new field of computational cardiac xenotransplantation. Furthermore, the novel numerical methods established by XENOSIM are expected to impact a broad range of fields well beyond the project end.

Keywords: finite volume methods fluid solid interaction
ERA CHAIR IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY AREA STUDIES (ERA-AREAS)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Widening Participation and Strengthening the European Research Area
Programme: Widening participation and spreading excellence
Theme: Attracting and mobilising the best talents
Destination: Attracting and mobilising the best talents
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Czechia
Call: ERA Chairs (HORIZON-WIDERA-2023-TALENTS-01, 2023)
Start date: 2025-04-01
End date: 2030-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499775.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499775.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The proposed project, ERA-AREAS, establishes the Center for Multidisciplinary Area Studies (CenMAS) at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague (CUFA), under the leadership of an outstanding academic, Prof. Mariana Llanos. ERA-AREAS will assemble an excellent multidisciplinary and international research group analyzing the causes and consequences of critical contemporary developments in non-European global regions and Eastern Europe. The project fosters international collaboration and enhances CUFA's research landscape as one of the leading institutions for social science and humanities research in the Widening countries. Prof. Llanos' extensive experience and network will attract top-tier researchers, invigorating area studies and fostering excellent international research. Building on multidisciplinarity and a methodologically innovative comparative framework, it aims to integrate the disjointed social-scientific and linguistic-cultural approaches to area studies in terms of both organization and research. CUFA's global appeal will be amplified through institutional reforms, expanded training opportunities, and robust networking initiatives. ERA-AREAS aligns with EU and national strategies, enhancing CUFA's ability to analyze global trends, fortify societal resilience against security challenges, inform public debates on non-European contemporary critical developments through expert knowledge, and provide policy-relevant research results for key stakeholders involved in decision-making about responses to critical developments around the world. Leveraging untapped funding potential by strengthening CUFA’s project management and administration, the project ensures CenMAS's sustainability, bolstering CenMAS impact beyond the project's duration. ERA-AREAS will spur the transmission of best organizational and research practices from established area studies research institutions to the Widening countries reducing the apparent gap in research excellence.

Keywords: area studies,multidisciplinarity,political crises,policy relevance,excellent research