Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Integrated Multi-disciplinary Approach to Gain INsight into Endothelial Diversity (IMAGINED)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1616719.0
EU funding (EUR): 1616719.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Endothelial cells (EC) lining the inside of blood/lymphatic vessels in different organs show significant heterogeneity caused by cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. While intrinsic properties are preserved in vitro, EC-extrinsic characteristics are lost upon isolation from the in vivo context. Thus, getting a grasp on EC diversity requires an approach that integrates EC-intrinsic and -extrinsic cues. EC heterogeneity likely forms the basis of vessel-type restricted disorders and may explain the side effects and limited success of ‘broad-spectrum’ (anti-)angiogenic therapies. Also, EC progenitor-based revascularization studies have not asked whether cells acquire the desired EC phenotype once engrafted in diseased tissue where appropriate environmental cues are lacking. Unraveling mechanisms of EC heterogeneity should allow designing tailor-made therapies, which remains the main challenge in curing vessel-related disease. This research program proposes to use an unprecedented integrated in vitro/in vivo multi-disciplinary approach based on stem/progenitor cells and small animal models to: (i) expand our knowledge of EC diversity; (ii) exploit that knowledge to design specialized vascular therapies for (lymph)vascular disorders. In phase 1, gene-profiles (‘blueprints’) will be obtained by micro-array on EC isolated from various organs and macrovessels of different species with (intrinsic blueprint) or without (extrinsic blueprint) further culture. In phase 2, (co-)culture techniques that simulate the in vivo context will be applied to generate EC with the desired blueprint and appropriate function/morphology, by EC differentiation from adult stem cells. In phase 3, information obtained from phase 1/2 will be validated in vivo by (i) testing the expression profile of selected blueprint-genes, (ii) by morpholino knock-down of these genes in zebrafish, (iii) by transplanting stem cells, pre-specialized or not, into models of vascular bed or organ-specific disorders.

Keywords: endothelial heterogeneity,stem cell differentiation,tailor-made revascularization strategies
Independence of Group Elements and Geometric Rigidity (GELANDERINDGEOMRGD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 750000.0
EU funding (EUR): 750000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research contains two main directions in group theory and geometry: Independence of Group Elements and Geometric Rigidity. The first consists of problems related to the existence of free subgroups, uniform and effective ways of producing such, and analogous questions for finite groups where the analog of independent elements are elements for which the Cayley graph has a large girth, or non-small expanding constant. This line of research began almost a century ago and contains many important works including works of Hausdorff, Banach and Tarski on paradoxical decompositions, works of Margulis, Sullivan and Drinfeld on the Banach-Ruziewicz problem, the classical Tits Alternative, Margulis-Soifer result on maximal subgroups, the recent works of Eskin-Mozes-Oh and Bourgain-Gamburd, etc. Among the famous questions is Milnor's problem on the exponential verses polynomial growth for f.p. groups, originally stated for f.g. groups but reformulated after Grigorchuk's counterexample. Related works of the PI includes a joint work with Breuillard on the topological Tits alternative, where several well known conjectures were solved, e.g. the foliated version of Milnor's problem conjectured by Carriere, and on the uniform Tits alternative which significantly improved Tits' and EMO theorems. A joint work with Glasner on primitive groups where in particular a conjecture of Higman and Neumann was solved. A paper on the deformation varieties where a conjecture of Margulis and Soifer and a conjecture of Goldman were proved. The second involves extensions of Margulis' and Mostow's rigidity theorems to actions of lattices in general topological groups on metric spaces, and extensions of Kazhdan's property (T) for group actions on Banach and metric spaces. This area is very active today. Related work of the PI includes his joint work with Karlsson and Margulis on generalized harmonic maps, and his joint work with Bader, Furman and Monod on actions on Banach spaces.

Keywords: geometric group theory,rigidity,arithmetic groups,lie groups,property (t),growth,discrete groups,linear groups,cayley graphs,girth,profinite groups,banach spaces
Dynamics and stability of covalent protein modifications (PROTMOD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: France,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1239400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1239400.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

One of the major goals of post-genomic biological research is to understand the molecular basis and physiological role of covalent protein modifications. Post-transcriptional modifications can regulate protein interactions and/or stability and thus trigger particular downstream responses. A major challenge is to understand how modifications of histone proteins are translated into changes in gene expression and chromatin structure and how they regulate genome function. However, the significance of studying protein modifications extends beyond the field of chromatin research, because changes in the modification pattern are likely to affect many -if not all- biological processes. This proposal is designed to study and functionally characterise modifications of histones. The goals of this proposal are: A) Determining the role of linker H1 modifications and variants in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. This will enable us to expand the "histone" code to the next higher level of chromatin organisation. B) To identify yet uncharacterised sites or new types of histone modifications. This will be the basis for determining the biological function of these modifications. Altogether this will lead us to decipher the role of covalent protein modifications in regulation of gene expression and how they are linked into biological networks . These projects will significantly expand the scope of my ongoing research and will only be possible with additional funding, which will allow me to establish cutting edge technology, additional in vivo model systems and new interdisciplinary collaborations.

Keywords: covalent protein modification,histone,methylation,chromatin,methylome
Supporting environmental microbiology and biotechnology research potential in Western Greece (MICROBEGR)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: Unlocking and developing the Research Potential of research entities established in the EU�s Convergence regions and Outermost Regions
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-01
End date: 2011-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1009345.74
EU funding (EUR): 899999.95
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Western Greece is a large and mostly agricultural region; however, it lacks cutting edge technological facilities, and the necessary expertise and knowledge to address major agricultural and environmental problems. Therefore, it can not exploit scientific information thus humbling the region in its quest for bio-economy. We believe that focusing on life sciences and particularly on environmental microbiology and biotechnology, will result in the development of improved crops and forest resources. Exploitation and sustainable use of biodiversity will enable our region and country to put the foundations for implementing relevant strategies for the development of bio-economy. Currently, the detection, identification and management of microbial pathogens, insects pests and disease vectors pose significant challenges for the agricultural, environmental and medical communities. The emergence of new pathogens, pests and disease problems, the growing concern of the public over pesticide use and the more stringent environmental regulations have generated the need for developing and applying new technologies for identifying and detecting, pests and disease vectors. Our proposal focuses on microbes, insect pests and disease vectors that affect agricultural and environmental communities by addressing two important points: (a) the identification, detection, quantification of pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms in the plant and in the soil and (b) the management of insect pests and disease vectors using novel, symbiont-based and environment-friendly approaches. Implementation of the supporting actions outlined in the current proposal will enable us: (i) to gain human resources, knowledge and expertise to address the significant agricultural and environmental problems of the region of the W. Greece (ii) have a better integration in the European Research Area (iii) improve our capacity for participation in FP7 projects and (iv) improve our RTD capacity and quality of research.

Keywords: symbionts,microarray,pathogens,pests,biodiversity,training,twinning,dissemination
Dual Sales Channel Management: Analytical Analysis and Behavioral Experiments (DUALCHANNEL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2011-11-28
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent developments in the Internet have enabled manufacturers to open web-based stores and sell directly to consumers. Such a direct sales channel allows the manufacturer to access more consumers and may also enable cost savings. On the other hand, most manufacturers also continue selling through the traditional retail stores (the retail channel). By opening a direct channel, a manufacturer becomes both a supplier and a competitor to its retailers, which creates an interesting strategic interaction. If not managed correctly, this dual sales channel strategy may alienate the retailers, and cause loss of business for both the retailers and the manufacturer. Hence, the management of dual sales channels has important implications for the competitiveness of firms and the employment levels of an economy. The objective of the research we propose is to develop dual channel strategies that increase the efficiency in a manufacturer-retailer supply chain by aligning the incentives of the firms. In particular, we will determine effective contracting mechanisms between the manufacturer and the retailer by comparing the performances of several commonly-used contract types. By doing so, we will also determine how much to sell through each channel (the channel mix) given the product and market characteristics. Existing research addresses the marketing aspects of dual channel management, ignoring the operational aspects. We will contribute to the literature by integrating a consumer channel-choice model with the operational aspects of the relation between the manufacturer and the retailer (such as the effects of inventory, product availability, and delivery lead times). In addition, we will conduct controlled experiments with human subjects to investigate whether our channel policy recommendations are consistent with decision-makers' behavior; that is, whether the recommendations can be implemented in practice.

Keywords: channel management,direct channel,retail channel,contracting,supply chain management,game theory,behavioral economics,experimental economics,social sciences
Trans-national cooperation among Research Potential NCPs (RESPOTNET)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: Trans-national co-operation among NCPs
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Greece,Poland,Romania,Italy,Austria,Germany,Spain,Malta,Bulgaria,Hungary,Türkiye,Israel,Serbia,Lithuania,Latvia,Croatia
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-4, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-01
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 565098.2
EU funding (EUR): 492553.1
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to support research and industrial communities in the European Union’s convergence and outermost regions to fully utilize their research potential, to strengthen their capacities and to increase their participation in the Framework Programmes. The instrument to achieve this goal is the strenthening of the European Network of National Contact Points for the “Research Potential” programme (Specific Programme “Capacities”, FP7). The Network will be an essential “partner” for researchers and institutions in the convergence/outermost regions in their effort to utilize the knowledge and experience existing in more advanced European regions, to establish the necessary conditions and contacts for their development and to contribute to the overall European research effort. The Network will be based on the structure and operation of the NCPs that have been officially established in the MS/AC. The typical work of NCPs is restricted to awareness and support activities at national level. The lack of coordination of NCPs, at European level, frequently leads to obstacles for both the NCPs and the research communities. On the one hand, NCPs often duplicate costs and efforts for solving common problems. On the other, researchers receive diversified services, which are reflected in the geographical distribution of the participation in FP projects, and face difficulties in establishing research collaborations beyond the frontiers of their countries. This is particularly important in the convergence/outermost regions, since researchers need funds from the FPs and sustainable cooperation with more advanced regions in order to unlock their potential. The Research Potential (ResPot) Network will provide the means for improved information and support services across Europe, will facilitate transnational collaborations, will raise awareness on EU policies and funding schemes and will promote coherent development and growth in the enlarged and diversified Union.

Keywords: coordination,network,convergence
Intensive Characterisation of Atmospheric Aerosols in the north-eastern Romania at various Urban Sites (ICAARUS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Romania
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The presence of aerosols in the atmosphere is still subjected to a great concern of interest for a wide range of geophysical and environmental problems varying from local issues to global scale. The levels of the particulate matter (PM) (coarse, PM10, and fine, PM2.5) have been under scrutiny during the past decade mainly because of their effect on health, climate and the environment. Predicting PM10 and PM2.5 levels and their trends in Europe is still highly uncertain due to the lack of the monitoring data in large European Union (EU) areas, especially in the EU members by 2004. Moreover, for the countries entering the EU in 2007 such data are very scarce. Presently, the north-eastern Romania, the new most eastern site of the EU, is highly deficient in measurements of PM atmospheric burden and information concerning their chemical composition. As studies performed on wet deposition (north-eastern Romania) revealed that its chemical composition is affected by the long-range transport process, important contributions are expected also for the PM fraction but this assumption must be accompanied by direct measurements. The main goal of the proposed work will be focused on i) performing chemical speciation analysis and identifying major chemical classes in the PM composition at 4 sites in the north-eastern Romania: rural, near-city, urban and kerbsite, ii) identifying the main factors controlling the PM levels in the area, both in the coarse and fine mode, and iii) performing an appropriate source apportionment by estimating the source contribution and determining the chemical composition of each source. To characterise the chemical composition of the PM fraction chromatographic, spectrometric or spectrophotometric techniques will be used. The proposed work is intended to be performed such as to supply for the first time a long-term data-base measurement of PM at one of the most new eastern site of the EU, close to a large urban area in the north-eastern Romania.

Keywords: natural sciences,aerosols,particulate matter,atmospheric,chemical,composition,characterisation,distribution,sampling,air,quality,pollution,romania
Mechanisms of myelin biogenesis and repair (MYELIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1290000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1290000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During the development of the central nervous system, specialized glia, oligodendrocytes, extend and wrap their plasma membrane around axons to form tightly packed membrane stacks that provide electrical insulation. Axonal insulation by myelin facilitates rapid nerve conduction and is essential for neuronal metabolism. Damage to the myelin sheath as it for example occurs in multiple sclerosis results in severe neurological disability not only by slowing down nerve conduction, but also as a result of neurodegeneration. Our main goal is to develop strategies to promote remyelination in demyelinating diseases. To realize this goal we need to understand how myelin is formed during normal development. The focus of this project will therefore be on the molecular mechanism of myelination and in particular on the role of neuron-glia communication in this process. We plan to study the mechanisms of myelin membrane growth and test a novel model of membrane extension. We hypothesize that the myelin membrane grows by the lateral diffusion of plasma membrane driven by a tension gradient that is formed by membrane trafficking events. We propose that neurons control this process by regulating the balance of exo- and endocytosis in oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, we would like to test a novel model of myelin membrane assembly, in which we suggest that myelin is formed after a gradual maturation of the plasma membrane that is regulated by neurons and require MBP. We will also investigate the signalling from oligodendrocytes to neurons by analyzing the function of small membrane vesicles, exosomes that we have recently found to be released by oligodendrocytes. Our goal is to understand how these signalling systems act on the cellular machinery that generates myelin. We hope that this approach will not only provide key insights into the development of myelin, but also help us to find new druggable targets for demyelinating diseases.

Keywords: myelin,oligodendrocytes,neurons
Quantum plasmas and the quantum vacuum: New vistas in physics (QPQV)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The quantum vacuum constitutes a highly nontrivial medium, in which complex nonlinear processes, such as pair production and photon splitting, can take place. These processes will yield measurable alterations to classical electromagnetic wave dynamics and laser-matter interactions using the next-generation laser systems. It has been suggested that this could even give rise to self-compression of electromagnetic pulses in vacuum, and therefore produce intensities above the laser limit. This gives the possibility of anti-matter production, light splitting, and light collisions, that could be of importance for testing the invariance properties of the laws of physics. Furthermore, the properties of the quantum vacuum holds the key to a fundamental understanding of highly magnetized stars, the relation of spacetime dynamics to thermodynamics, and could be used to obtain information about e.g. dark matter candidates. Thus, the effects of the quantum vacuum will be noticeable both on a practical level, in future high intensity field experiments and applications, as well as at the level of basic research, providing crucial information about the properties of the laws of physics. The aim of this proposal is manifold. Using high intensity electromagnetic field generation different aspects of the quantum vacuum will be probed. The experimental investigation of the Unruh effect will yield insight into black hole physics and effects of spacetime structure on quantum field theory. The possibility to detect elastic scattering among photons would open up a completely new branch in science and deepen our understanding of the laws of physics. Moreover, using state-of-the-art laser facilities, methods for probing extreme plasmas, where quantum particle dynamics and the nonlinear quantum vacuum are important, will be developed. This holds promising applications as lasers approach entirely new intensity level in the near future.

Keywords: quantum plasmas,effective field theory,high intensity laser experiments