Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Phantom Possession. The New Authoritarian Personality and its Domains. (PhantomAiD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-12-01
End date: 2022-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171473.28
EU funding (EUR): 171473.28
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Authoritarian political forces are a growing global phenomenon. In critical theory, this is explained either through material factors, running the risk of economic reductionism, or through psychological traits, individualizing the matter in a problematic way. To date, no theoretical framework integrates the two dimensions in a consistent way, leading to deep rifts in political analysis. The proposed research programme introduces the term phantom possession in order to bridge between the material and the psychological level. The notion of phantom possession allows the reconstruction of authoritarianism as driven by property logic. Conceptualised as a domain requiring control and defence, the phantasmatic entitlement becomes a reference point for authoritarian mobilization. Consequently, the subject of authoritarianism can be characterized as a phantom owner. The full theory of the authoritarian personality as phantom owner consists of three components. The first is an account of the politics of phantom owners. As Hannah Arendt mentioned in her analysis of modern mass-politics, authoritarianism is destructive in a way prefigured by early modern property discourse. I analyse destructiveness as the core characteristic of authoritarian politics. The second component investigates the psychology of phantom owners. To understand the psychological basis of authoritarianism, I link the Frankfurt School approach of authoritarian character formation with newer trends in feminist object-relations theory. On this basis, prejudices can be understood as defensive mechanisms, and defensiveness as the defining feature of authoritarian psyches. The third component implements my account. I show how the dual license to violence implied by property – the right to destroy and the right to aggressively defend one’s property – structures current authoritarian mobilization around such disparate domains as abortion, immigration, gender, and environmental politics.

Keywords: critical theory,feminist philosophy,frankfurt school,hannah arendt,psychoanalysis
Accelerating transport electrification by machine learning (ATEM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-08-01
End date: 2023-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191852.16
EU funding (EUR): 191852.16
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The technological blossom in artificial intelligence (AI) makes possible numerous advancements in various engineering disciplines. The applicant has been in the forefront of this AI innovation, and received seven world prizes in AI competitions. For this fellowship, he intends to use his AI expertise to examine the role that AI technologies can play in accelerating transport electrification, and subsequently contributing to climate action. In view of the strong vehicle industry in Gothenburg, Sweden, Chalmers and Scania AB collectively provide an outstanding research environment for this important topic. More specifically, this project will consolidate data-driven electrochemical battery model, deep reinforcement learning based automated electric vehicle (AEV) speed control and AEV personalized routing recommendation model, which are three biggest challenges in the transition process towards electrified transport systems. The fellowship will be co-supported by AI Innovation of Sweden, and Drive Sweden, with a hope to implement the expected findings in not only the vehicle industry but also transport management sectors. This research is interdisciplinary in nature, and requires expertise from computer science, artificial intelligence, electrochemical engineering, electrical engineering, and transport engineering. In this regard, the host institute, Chalmers University of Technology, has developed a well-designed career training and development plan for the applicant to work with renowned research leaders in relevant disciplines (e.g. Prof. Xiaobo Qu, Member of Academia Europaea; Prof. Karl Johansson, Fellow of Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences) to enhance his readiness to become an assistant professor after this fellowship. The applicant will also take advantage of the fertile research environment in Chalmers, and synchronize the workshops and reference groups with the host’s other EU and Swedish projects to disseminate the new findings.
Brain Imaging Genetics of reading (Reading BIG)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Our ability to read is a must to navigate our current society, and despite the large variability in skill within the general population, it is often taken for granted. This project aims to help elucidate the mechanisms from genes to reading behaviour, by identifying anatomical brain imaging markers correlated to reading ability using an automated pipeline that can be used in the context of large imaging genetic datasets. We need to systematically characterise how reading expertise is reflected in the brain in order to be able to ask questions about its genetics underpinnings in large datasets without behavioural reading measures. We need to identify small genetic effects that additively contribute to the ready-to-read brain because it will pinpoint to relevant biological pathways that are the substrate of reading ability. We need to understand the extend to which the same genetic markers influence reading and its brain correlates, and whether genetic influences on reading performance are mediated through brain morphology, to help discern between different risk profiles for reading difficulties. BIG READING integrates behavioural, brain imaging and genome-wide data in automated scalable pipelines to gain a deeper understanding of the link between genes and reading behaviour. I will analyse structural imaging markers correlated to reading-related traits in deeply phenotyped datasets of the general population to systematically characterise how reading expertise is reflected in the brain. I will perform heritability and genome-wide association scans in datasets with tens of thousands of participants to identify small genetic effects that additively contribute to the ready-to-read brain. I will perform genetic overlap analyses to define the extend of shared influence of genes on reading and its brain correlates and use genes as instruments to make causal inferences between brain markers and reading ability. This project will provide a foundation for future studies on how

Keywords: reading ability,brain imaging genetics
Neocortical long-range inhibition for learning and memory (incerta2cortex)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174806.4
EU funding (EUR): 174806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ability to learn from experience and remember one’s past is one of the most fundamental and fascinating functions of the brain that is also a central element of individual and collective human identity. A mechanistic understanding of memory has implications reaching from treatment of memory disorders to artificial intelligence and efficient hard- and software design. While by now we have a tolerable understanding of how local circuits implement the plastic changes that underlie learning and memory, brain areas do not function in isolation. In fact, it is precisely the extreme degree of neuronal interconnectivity that makes brain research such a fascinating challenge. Therefore, the critical next step in learning and memory research is to dissect how long-range interactions between different brain areas contribute to, and interact with, local plasticity to enable functional circuit plasticity. Neocortical layer 1 (L1) receives diverse long-range excitatory inputs, many of which are known to be important for learning. However, my host lab has recently found that the zona incerta (ZI) – a subthalamic nucleus – sends long-range inhibitory (LRI) projections to L1 of the auditory cortex (ACx). Whether and how LRI contributes to memory encoding mechanisms in neocortical circuits is completely unknown. Here I outline a strategy to dissect how LRI projections from the ZI to L1 ACx contribute to learning and memory, using a combination of cutting-edge in vivo imaging and recording techniques in conjunction with associative fear conditioning, optogenetic manipulations, viral tracing, genetic markers and slice recordings in mice. This multidisciplinary investigation will reveal important insights into how long-range interactions between brain areas contribute to learning and memory. Moreover, successful completion of this project, and rigorous training in other aspects of academic life, will provide the ideal stepping stone for my transition to scientific independence.

Keywords: zona incerta,long range inhibition,auditory cortex,fear memory,extinction memory,neocortical circuits,behavior,layer 1,interneuron types,dendritic inhibition,genetic markers,plasticity
AI-augmented, Multiscale Image-based Diagnostics of Chronic Kidney Disease (AIM.imaging.CKD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-01
End date: 2026-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999375.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999375.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem, affecting 10% of the world population and projected to be the fifth major cause of death in 2040. CKD patients are one of the most complex and multi-morbid populations in internal medicine while at the same time having the least translational randomized clinical trials and limited treatment options. One of the major reasons for this is the lack of reproducible approaches specifically reflecting intrarenal pathological processes and disease activity. The overall goal of AIM.imaging.CKD is to specifically address this unmet need by developing, validating and integrating image-based diagnostics for CKD. The integration of broad interdisciplinary expertise will enable to develop a multiscale approach from nano- to micro- to macromorphological and molecular diagnostics. Specifically, the project will develop augmented full-spectrum ultrastructural (“nano”) and histological (“micro”) renal biopsy diagnostics, focusing on reproducible, quantitative nephropathological analyses and prediction of clinically relevant outcome parameters. The project will also explore macro-morphological and molecular imaging in CKD, focusing on translatable non-invasive approaches. The central feature will be the development of advanced, scalable and modular image analyses models utilizing artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine and deep learning. Using preclinical testing and clinical validation, the main emphasis will be on accelerated or, whenever possible, direct implementation into the clinical practice. The integration of the above-mentioned tools and technologies provides a comprehensive multiscale and multiplex approach for improved diagnostics of CKD patients and facilitate future randomized clinical trials. At each level, and even more so when integrated, the results are expected to augment and transform image-based diagnostics of kidney diseases, and thereby lead to improved patient management and outcome.

Keywords: nephropathology,nephrology,digital pathology,kidney fibrosis,kidney vasculature,deep learning,molecular imaging
From Liouville to Kolmogorov: 2d quantum gravity, noise sensitivity and turbulent flows (LiKo)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 935000.0
EU funding (EUR): 935000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research project is organized along three seemingly unrelated directions: (1) Mathematical Liouville gravity deals with the geometry of large random planar maps. Historically, conformal invariance was a key ingredient in the construction of Liouville gravity in the physics literature. Conformal invariance has been restored recently with an attempt of understanding large random combinatorial planar maps once conformally embedded in the plane. The geometry induced by these embeddings is conjecturally described by the exponential of a highly oscillating distribution, the Gaussian Free Field. This conjecture is part of a broader program aimed at rigorously understanding the celebrated KPZ relation. The first major goal of my project is to make significant progress towards the completion of this program. I will combine for this several tools such as Liouville Brownian motion, circle packings, QLE processes and Bouchaud trap models. (2) Euclidean statistical physics is closely related to area (1) through the above KPZ relation. I plan to push further the analysis of critical statistical physics models successfully initiated by the works of Schramm and Smirnov. I will focus in particular on dynamics at and near critical points with a special emphasis on the so-called noise sensitivity of these systems. (3) 3d turbulence. A more tractable ambition than solving Navier-Stokes equation is to construct explicit stochastic vector fields which combine key features of experimentally observed velocity fields. I will make the mathematical framework precise by identifying four axioms that need to be satisfied. It has been observed recently that the exponential of a certain log-correlated field, as in (1), could be used to create such a realistic velocity field. I plan to construct and analyse this challenging object by relying on techniques from (1) and (2). This would be the first genuine stochastic model of turbulent flow in the spirit of what Kolmogorov was aiming at.

Keywords: liouville quantum gravity,planar statistical physics,kpz relation,gaussian multiplicative chaos,sle processes,conformal invariance,noise sensitivity,near critical geometry,3d turbulence
Promoting sustainable patient treatment by an intelligent online medicine dispenser for home care use. (eMediCare2)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Norway
Call: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme (implemented through the SME instrument) (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-03-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

THE BUSINESS CONCEPT: 8% of total healthcare expenditure or about 500bn USD per year globally, can be avoided with optimized use of medicines (IMS Health). eMediCare is a online medicine dispenser for home care use that connects the person taking the medication directly to the distributor and prescriber (GP). This challenges and disrupt the current suboptimal medication delivery from nurses or pharmacies, eMedicare offers a secure and monitored logistics chain of drug delivery where the prescriber (GP) frequently adjust the dosage to the appropriate level. THE SOLUTION:This ICT driven disruptive business model and product innovation will reduce the amount of medicines prescribed, dispensed or sold inappropriately. We base the project on a existing cloud ICT infrastructure where the intelligent online medicine dispenser eMediCare will eliminate error sources and secure that patients take medicines correctly at right time. THE USERS: eMediCare is intended for home care use and build a strong link but at the same time disrupt the current interplay between the health-care provider, the patient and the pharma companies producing and distributing the medication. THE PROJECT: The phase 1 of the project is devoted to establishing business model and deliver a business plan for the key market Scandinavia and UK. The phase two of the project will pilot and further refine the business model and systems engineering design of the eMediCare and create a working prototype to be implemented in test cases in the key markets. THE MARKET: The EU market for pre packed medication, online medication distribution with the supporting ICT/telehealth solution is estimated to 2.5B bill EUR/year that will result in a 25 bill EUR/year in healthcare cost reduction. THE EU DIMENTION: The success of this project supports the Digital Agenda Action 75: set to give Europeans secure online access to their medical health data and achieve widespread telemedicine deployment.

Keywords: pill dispenser,telehealth,disruptive ict,healthcare,demographic changes,patient safety,medication,cost reduction,mhealth
At the host-bacteria interface: Modulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic activity by Card9 signalling in health and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (MArylAND)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-11-01
End date: 2020-02-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185076.0
EU funding (EUR): 185076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The microbial community in the human intestine is crucial to the health and nutrition of the host. Loss of the fragile balance within this complex ecosystem is involved in numerous pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The incidence of IBD is increasing and affects individuals in challenging years of their lives, with immunosuppressive treatments that are not always effective. IBD results from a combination of genetic predisposition, alteration of the gut microbiota, and environmental influences. Thus, deciphering the host-bacteria crosstalk will improve our understanding of IBD and enable new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Caspase recruitment domain 9 (Card9), one of the IBD susceptibility genes, codes for a protein involved in the response to fungi and bacteria. Sokol and colleagues showed that Card9-/- mice have an increased susceptibility to colitis, due to an altered gut microbiota that is not able to metabolise tryptophan into aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands. In humans, comparable mechanisms seem to be involved, as microbiota of IBD patients exhibit impaired production of AhR ligands, which mirrors the Card9-/- genotype. We aim to decipher the mechanisms involved in the modulation of the microbiota and its metabolic activity by Card9. For this purpose, we will take advantage of a strong collaborative environment and cutting-edge techniques, including gnotobiotic animals, cre-lox technology, transcriptomics, metabolomics and systems biology. Specifically, we plan to identify (i) new pathways and cell types involved in the modulation of the microbiota and its metabolic activity, and (ii) microorganisms and metabolites activating AhR receptors in the gut. This highly innovative and integrative project will allow me to expand my conceptual and technical knowledge of the gut-microbiota interface, acquire new key skills and strengthen my scientific network.

Keywords: inflammatory bowel diseases,mucosal immunology,microbiota,commensal bacteria,dysbiosis,tryptophan metabolism,aryl hydrocarbon receptor ahr ligands,systems biology,innate immunity