Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Physically-based Virtual Acoustics (PHDVIRTA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 880224.0
EU funding (EUR): 880224.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of the project is to find new methods for quality evaluation and modeling of room acoustics. Room acoustics has been studied over 100 years, but, e.g., the relation between objective attributes and subjective measures is not fully understood yet. This project will develop novel methods to simulate and auralize sound propagation in rooms, in particular in concert halls. The research is divided into three main topics. First, authentic auralization with physically-based room acoustics modeling methods will be studied. The recently introduced acoustic radiance transfer method is developed further to handle complex reflections from surfaces as well as diffraction. The second research topic is quality evaluation of concert hall acoustics. Novel algorithms will be developed for spatial sound analysis of a large impulse response database. Live recordings will be analyzed to find new objective quality measures. Quality assessments will also be performed subjectively with sensory evaluation methods borrowed from food industry. The third topic is related to augmented reality audio technology, which reveals the potential and richness of emerging technologies, giving a scenario of the possible future personalized mobile audio communications. The results of the project will be widely applicable in the academia, but also in every day life of people all over the world. The new knowledge in room acoustics will help to build acoustically better concert halls and public places such as libraries, shopping malls, etc. The augmented reality audio applications will help and enrich communication between humans. The concert hall acoustics research has great potential to find novel objective and subjective quality metrics. They also help in creation of authentic auralization, which will be one of the main tools for consultants in design, and in particular when explaining design results to architects, clients, and public audience.

Keywords: room acoustics modeling,auralization,concert hall acoustics,virtual reality
Modeling and Design of Thin Film Waveguides Terminated with Nano-optical Transducers (NANOTRANSDUCER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nano-optics is a rapidly growing field with potential uses in many practical applications. Near-field optical techniques that enhance localized surface plasmons are potential candidates for obtaining intense optical spots beyond the diffraction limit for various practical applications. Nano-optical transducers can be utilized in a traditional optical system to obtain spots beyond the diffraction limit. This system has a number of disadvantages for potential use in consumer electronic markets due to its large body mass, size, price, and difficulties in mass production. A thin film waveguide with planar optical lenses and mirrors having a nano-optical transducer around the focus can address these problems. In this work electromagnetic and thermal modeling and design tools will be developed to investigate this device. A volume integral equation based solution will be used for the solution of Maxwell’s equation, and a finite element method based solution will be used for the solution of heat transfer equation. Designs will be identified to obtain small optical spots beyond the diffraction limit. Designs will also be optimized to obtain high transmission efficiency, which is necessary for practical applications such as data storage. The heating of the designs will be investigated.

Keywords: nano-optics,electromagnetics,heat transfer,surface plasmon polaritons,transducers,thin film waveguides,computational electromagnetics,thermal modeling
Several problems on Kahler manifolds (KAHLER MANIFOLDS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Romania
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our project focuses on three problems on Kahler manifolds. The first problem deals with the deformation of Kahler manifolds. Given an analytic family of compact complex manifolds, we want to prove that the non-Kahler locus is a countable union of analytic subsets of the base. The second problem is the well-known conjecture of Hartshorne. It states that in a Kahler manifold, two subvarieties of complementary dimensions and with ample normal bundles have non-empty intersection. The third problem says that on a Fano manifold, the space of rational curves is a topological approximation to the space of all continuous maps. We describe possible approaches to these three problems.

Keywords: algebraic geometry,physical sciences
Destabilisation of sociotechnical regimes as the key to transitions towards sustainability (DESTABLE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 907113.6
EU funding (EUR): 907113.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sociotechnical transitions are important to address environmental problems. The present literature focuses on green options that break through and replace existing sociotechnical regimes. The project turns the analytical focus upside down, seeing the destabilisation and decline of existing regimes as the key to transitions. Regimes refer to the rules (knowledge base, belief system, mission, strategic orientation) shared by incumbent actors in an industry. Destabilisation results from increasing external pressures (economic, normative, regulatory) and eroding commitment of actors to regime rules. Research questions are: 1 To what degree have regimes in transport, energy and agriculture destabilised in the last 30 years, as a result of environmental pressures? 2 What kind of process is regime destabilisation and how should it be conceptualised for environmental problems? Which mechanisms are important and how do they interact? The project develops a theoretical perspective, combining insights from neo-institutional theory, STS, evolutionary economics. A phase-based pattern and three propositions are advanced. To investigate destabilisation, the project uses case studies as research strategy, which is appropriate for tracing complex processes such as changing beliefs and identities, fuzzy network boundaries, and many interacting (external) factors. Two PhD projects do four longitudinal case studies about destabilisation. Cases are selected with regard to the phase-based pattern and propositions. One case (decline of domestic coal) went though all phases. Another case (destabilisation of pig farming) has progressed far into the last phase. Coal in electricity and the car regime are less far in the phase-pattern, and probably less destabilised. The PI integrates findings from PhD projects, providing general answers to research questions. He also elaborates the inter-disciplinary perspective, and addresses the possibilities for sustainability transitions.

Keywords: sociology of technology,evolutionary economics,neo-institutional theory,socio-cognitive,economic competition,energy,transport
Epigenetic determinants of the genome that govern cellular plasticity (EPIGEPLAS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics,Genomics,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1085000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1085000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Differentiation events in mammalian development involve stable resetting of transcriptional programs, which entails changes in the epigenetic state of target sequences defined by modifications of DNA and bound nucleosomes. These recently identified epigenetic layers modulate DNA accessibility in a positive and negative manner and thus could make genetic readouts context-dependent and dynamic. The proposed project aims to quantify the epigenetic contribution to cellular differentiation as a key event in development. By applying parallel genomic approaches we will comprehensively define the epigenome and its plasticity during cellular commitment of pluripotent murine stem cells into defined terminally differentiated cells. We will focus on DNA methylation and its interplay with several histone modifications as a way to achieve stable gene silencing. The resulting global profiles will gain insights into targeting principles and generate statistical, predictive models of regulation. From these mechanistic models will be derived and tested by genetically interfering with genetic and epigenetic regulatory pathways and by dissecting DNA sequence components involved in specifying targets. These experiments aim to unravel the crosstalk between epigenetic regulation and cell plasticity, the underlying molecular circuitry in pluripotent and unipotent cells and ultimately help to incorporate epigenetic regulation into current transcriptional regulatory models.

Keywords: epigenomics,chromatin,dna methylation,stem cell differentiation,pluripotency
Stem cells in epithelial cancer initiation and growth (CANCERSTEM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1600000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1600000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer is the result of a multi-step process requiring the accumulation of mutations in several genes. For most cancers, the target cells of oncogenic mutations are unknown. Adult stem cells (SCs) might be the initial target cells as they self-renew for extended periods of time, providing increased opportunity to accumulate the mutations required for cancer formation. Certain cancers contain cells characteristics of SC with high self-renewal capacities and the ability to reform the parental tumor upon transplantation. However, whether the initial oncogenic mutations arise in normal stem cells or in more differentiated cells that re-acquire stem cell-like properties remains to be determined. The demonstration that SCs are the target cells of the initial transforming events and that cancers contain cells with SC characteristics await the development of tools allowing for the isolation and characterization of normal adult SCs. In most epithelia from which cancers naturally arise, such tools are not yet available. We have recently developed novel methods to specifically mark and isolate multipotent epidermal slow-cycling SCs, making it now possible to determine the role of SC during epithelial cancer formation. In this project, we will use mice epidermis as a model to define the role of SC in epithelial cancer initiation and growth. Specifically, we will determine whether epithelial SCs are the initial target cells of oncogenic mutations during skin cancer formation, whether oncogenic mutations lead preferentially to skin cancer when they arise in SC rather than in more committed cells and whether cancer stem cells contribute to epithelial tumor growth and relapse after therapy.

Keywords: stem cells cancer epithelia skin transgenics mice
A Novel Level for the Regulation of Eukaryotic Gene Expression: Coupling Transcription to Translation (REGEXTRA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 899713.0
EU funding (EUR): 899713.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Eukaryotic gene expression is a highly regulated, fundamental cellular process encompassing distinct steps such as transcription, mRNA processing and nuclear export, translation and degradation of the mRNA. In this project a novel level in the regulation of gene expression will be analyzed. We propose that transcription and the correct processing as well as packaging of the newly synthesized mRNA into an mRNP control the translation of this mRNA in the cytoplasm thus coupling intranuclear events in mRNA biogenesis to translation. Recently, we showed that the transcription elongation factor Ctk1 functions as a positive factor in translation elongation by phosphorylating the ribosomal protein Rps2. According to our model, Ctk1 enhances the translation fidelity of mRNAs that have been correctly processed and assembled into mRNPs in the nucleus. In the project proposed here we will analyze how the function of Ctk1 couples transcription to translation and how Ctk1 functions in translation initiation, in support of which we have already obtained evidence. Importantly, we will identify additional players in coupling intranuclear mRNA biogenesis events to translation and unravel their molecular function. In addition, we will determine phosphorylated residues on ribosomal proteins and translation factors, identify their kinases and phosphatases, and analyze the biological significance of these phosphorylation events in translation. Moreover, the conservation in higher eukaryotes of the biological principles obtained with our model organism S. cerevisiae will be assessed. All these experiments are performed under the aspect that the cell uses phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins and translation factors to control the efficient and correct translation of a correctly processed mRNP providing a novel level of gene expression control in eukaryotes.

Keywords: kinase,transcription,translation,mrna biogenesis,coupling,cryo-em,mass spectrometry
Creating a Central European Thermal Water Research Cluster (CLUSTHERM)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Regions of Knowledge
Destination: Facilitating the emergence of new regional research driven clusters and mutual exchange of information
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Romania,Croatia,Hungary,Hungary,Romania,Hungary,Hungary,Austria
Call:  (FP7-REGIONS-2007-2, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2010-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223014.0
EU funding (EUR): 199986.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

Central Eastern Europe’s rural areas have been facing great challenges due to their geographical handicaps and economic structural problems, although they possess an unexploited natural treasure: the thermal water. The overall concept of the CLUSTHERM project is: enabling the regional actors to bring the geothermal R&D achievements to the ground of local services and products. Access to research provision and the clustering between the economic and public actors could allow the dynamic, knowledge based development of these rural economies. A more concentrated research on geothermal resources can lead to the development of high added value products and services. The CLUSTHERM project aims to set up a new research driven cluster in Central Europe on thermal water utilization that will develop the capacity and research potential of Central Eastern Europe’s rural economies rich in thermal water to access and benefit from research on the exploitation. The direct objectives are: - analyse the RTD development and the needs of geothermal energy utilisation - promote synergies and catalyse links between regional, research and business actors (vertical clustering) - foster the transnational and cross-border co-operations between the regional actors (horizontal clustering) - develop and enhance transnational mutual learning through information exchange possibilities of regional stakeholders in creating research driven clusters and to disseminate good policy practices and benchmarking activities - develop joint action plan and research strategy among the participating regions to increase the regional economic competitiveness through concentrated use of natural resources

Keywords: thermal water utilization cluster
Gold(III)-based anticancer agents: dithiocarbamato-peptide derivatives as improved intracellular drug transfer and delivery systems supported by transporter proteins (PEPMIDAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-01
End date: 2010-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ultimate objective of this research work is the preparation and evaluation of novel gold(III)-di/tripeptidedithiocarbamato complexes for combating cancer through their enhanced selective delivery at the tumor target site supported by transporter proteins. Platinum(II) drugs are now established as effective antitumour agents, the archetypal example of these being cisplatin. However, their usefulness is limited by their narrow spectrum of activity (not active enough against several types of cancer), and by both the development of acquired resistance after continuous treatment and toxicity (in particular, nephrotoxicity). Thus, several third-generation metal-based drugs have been prepared and tested. In this contest, gold(III) compounds are emerging as a new class of metal complexes with outstanding cytotoxic properties, and are presently being evaluated as potential antitumor agents. In particular, some gold(III)-dithiocarbamato derivatives were proved to be much more cytotoxic in vitro than cisplatin, and showed encouraging results in terms of both high in vivo effectiveness and lack of nephrotoxicity. This research project is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of new gold(III)-dithiocarbamato derivatives of di/tripeptides as improved peptide-based delivery systems, to be evaluated as antitumor drugs. The rationale behind our proposal is to design gold(III) complexes of the type [AuX2(pdtc)] (X = Cl, Br; pdtc = di/tripeptidedithiocarbamate) which can be able to both maintain the antitumor properties and the lack of nephrotoxicity of the previously reported gold(III) analogues, together with an enhanced bioavailability through the di/tripeptide-mediated cellular internalization promoted by transporter proteins. Thus, the enormous potential impact of this new class of gold(III) chemotherapeutic agents relies in their possible site-specific delivery in localized cancers strongly improving their cellular uptake and minimizing unwanted side-effects.

Keywords: inorganic chemistry,pharmaceutical chemistry,organometallic chemistry,anticancer therapy
Does Globalization Make a Difference? (DGMD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-01
End date: 2012-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research project takes advantage of a unique dataset, the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) to investigate mass attitudes and perceptions about the implications of globalization for democracy. The CSES incorporates macro- and micro-level data from, currently, 37 countries, 62 elections, and over 100,000 respondents, between 1996 until the present and beyond, as fieldwork is continuing. The research addresses the following questions. Across a wide range of forty or more democratic nations, does the extent to which their economies and polities are ‘globalized’ affect public attitudes and political behaviour? Are citizens in the most globalized nations more likely to perceive that neither voting nor their ultimate choice of political leaders can ‘make a difference’? Do those citizens perceive significant differences between political parties? Do such perceptions lead citizens in globalized societies to be less likely to turn out to vote, less likely to seek to dismiss or change incumbent governments, and less likely to hold governments to account for their economic performances? And meanwhile, do citizens in less globalized countries perceive more reasons to vote, more difference between political parties, and see themselves better able to control their governments and their policies? The main methods will be quantitative, but they will be supplemented by qualitative analysis of critical cases, particularly of outliers. Part of the research will also analyse the discourses of globalization, both popular and academic, and their implications for mass expectations of political leaders under conditions of globalization. Current indices of globalization will be reviewed and enhanced, particularly for political globalization, which needs more development. Two indicators of economic globalization, trade dependence and international financial integration, will define two of the key independent variables.

Keywords: social sciences,globalization,democracy,economic constraint,trade dependence,elections,comparative political behaviour,political science,public opinion,international financial integration