Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Molecular-Layer-Engineered Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Materials (LAYERENG-HYBMAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2358102.0
EU funding (EUR): 2358102.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

On-demand-designed and precision-synthesized multicomponent or hybrid materials with unorthodox combinations of properties are potential keys to fascinating next-generation devices. At the same time there is a strong scientific desire to create a comprehensive repertory of basic understanding, design strategies and experimental tools to construct such outstanding smart materials from different building blocks and to shape them into sophisticated hierarchical architectures. In LAYERENG-HYBMAT I propose a fundamentally new category of nanocomposite materials, that is, layer-by-layer grown coherent inorganic-organic hybrid materials where the cohesion between the layers is based on covalent bonding. Such materials are – once carefully designed and fabricated – able to display in a single material a tailored combination of properties of conventional inorganics and organics, and even beyond. The core hypothesis is that such intimately fused outstanding hybrids are materialized in a simple but extremely elegant manner by mimicking the state-of-the-art thin-film technology, i.e. ALD (atomic layer deposition), originally developed for purely inorganic thin films. The proposed method combines ALD and MLD (molecular layer deposition) cycles and enables the layer-by-layer deposition of coherent inorganic-organic thin films and coatings through sequential self-limiting gas-surface reactions with high precision for the composition and polymer-chain dispersity. With additional nanostructuring capacity these materials have the potential to open up new horizons in electronics, photonics, thermoelectrics, diagnostics, packaging, etc. The project builds on my long experience in frontier new-material research on other types of multilayered materials and successful proof-of-the-concept ALD/MLD experiments, and addresses all the fundamental aspects of new-material design, modelling, precision synthesis, property tailoring and function characterization.

Keywords: atomic layer deposition molecular layer deposition inorganic-organic hybrid materials
German Operetta in London and New York, 1907–1939: Cultural Transfer and Transformation (GOLNY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1061762.0
EU funding (EUR): 1061762.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The term "German operetta" in the project title embraces twentieth-century operettas originating in both Austria and Germany. These enjoyed remarkable success in London and New York during 1907–1937, and, without deeper knowledge of them and their audience reception, we are sadly lacking in our understanding of the cultural mainstream in early twentieth-century Austria, Germany, the UK, and USA. Surprisingly, there has been no rigorous scholarly study of the cultural transfer of these German operettas to Britain and the USA, despite its taking place in a period that can be demarcated clearly. Academic attention has focused, instead, on America’s influence on European stage works. After Lehár’s Die lustige Witwe was produced to great acclaim in London and New York in 1907, the public appetite for German operetta grew rapidly in these cities. Although the First World War brought a temporary diminution of opportunities for new productions, there was an enthusiastic renewal of interest in the 1920s, and operettas from the theatres of Berlin were regularly adapted for the West End and Broadway. This project investigates the changes made for the London and New York productions in the context of cultural and social issues of the period, examining audience expectations, aspirations, and anxieties, and the social, cultural, and moral values of the times in which these works were created. It investigates how the operettas engage with modernity, innovative technology, social change, and cultural difference, seeking findings that will enhance knowledge of cultural transfer and transformation. Recently, there have been encouraging signs of a new flowering of interest, as the music enters the public domain free from copyright restrictions. New publications offering digitized reprints of the vocal scores, and historic recordings of radio broadcasts are becoming available. This project will create new knowledge that will help to stimulate both academic and market interests.

Keywords: english operetta,german operetta
The Global Countryside: Rural Change and Development in Globalization (GLOBAL-RURAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2263107.0
EU funding (EUR): 2263107.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

GLOBAL-RURAL aims to advance our understanding of the workings and impact of globalization in rural regions through the development and application of new conceptual and methodological approaches. Globalization has a pervasive influence in transforming rural economies and societies, with implications for the major societal challenges of environmental change and resource security. However, in comparison to studies of the global city, relatively little research has focused on the ‘global countryside’, and existing research lacks integration. GLOBAL-RURAL will develop an integrated perspective by drawing on relational analysis (and particularly the approaches of ‘assemblage theory’ and ‘countertopography’) to focus on the actual mechanics by which rural localities are ‘re-made’ through engagement with globalization processes, examining the mediating effect of national and regional context and the opportunity for local interventions. The research will be organized through five work packages. WP1 will develop the methodological application of assemblage theory to analysing the global countryside, informed by case studies in 6 countries. WP2 will combine GIS analysis of quantitative and qualitative data to produce new narratives and visualisations of globalization processes, impacts and responses. WP3 will focus on mundane, ‘everyday globalization’ in a Welsh small town, using a countertopographic methodology. WP4 will apply the assemblage methodology developed in WP1 to analysing the differential global engagement of rural localities in Brazil, China and Tanzania. WP5 will apply the methodology to examine conflicts around renewable energy schemes, mining and water projects and industrial agriculture in rural areas, and the implications for strategies to address global challenges. A sixth work package, WP6, will identify the policy applications of the research, and disseminate research findings to academic and non-academic users.

Keywords: globalization,rural areas
Feasibility, logic and randomness in computational complexity (FEALORA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1259596.0
EU funding (EUR): 1259596.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We will study fundamental problems in complexity theory using means developed in logic, specifically, in the filed of proof complexity. Since these problems seem extremely difficult and little progress has been achieved in solving them, we will prove results that will explain why they are so difficult and in which direction theory should be developed. Our aim is to develop a system of conjectures based on the concepts of feasible incompleteness and pseudorandomness. Feasible incompleteness refers to conjectures about unprovability of statements concerning low complexity computations and about lengths of proofs of finite consistency statements. Essentially, they say that incompleteness in the finite domain behaves in a similar way as in the infinite. Several conjectures of this kind have been already stated. They have strong consequences concerning separation of complexity classes, but only a few special cases have been proved. We want to develop a unified system which will also include conjectures connecting feasible incompleteness with pseudorandomness. A major part of our work will concern proving special cases and relativized versions of these conjectures in order to provide evidence for their truth. We believe that the essence of the fundamental problems in complexity theory is logical, and thus developing theory in the way described above will eventually lead to their solution.

Keywords: computational complexity,proof complexity,incompleteness theorems,pseudorandomness
Unravelling the Cosmic Reionization History (LOFARCORE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands,Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2018-06-30
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2952628.0
EU funding (EUR): 2952628.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

One of the frontier cosmological research themes of the past decade has been the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This era marked the start of the formation of visible baryonic structures: stars, (dwarf-)galaxies, clusters and the cosmic web. Some top level questions surrounding COsmic REionization are: "When did it start ?”, “How long did it take ?”, “What were the main ionizing sources ?”, and “What did the Universe look like during this crucial evolutionary phase ?" Simulations of reionization suggest how it may have proceeded, but hard observational facts on the EoR are few and far between. At the start of the EoR all hydrogen was cold and neutral. At redshift z=6 the transition to an ionized Universe was completed. The 21cm line, redshifted to much longer wavelength, is a key diagnostic during this phase. LOFAR, the European LOw Frequency Array, will be the premier instrument to explore this epoch, simultaneously over the full redshift range from z=6.5-11.5 ! The required angular resolution is also well matched to the 2.5 km CORE of LOFAR. Detecting redshifted HI from the EoR is generally acknowledged as the most difficult radio astronomical project ever attempted. As PI of the LOFAR EoR Key Science Project and as LOFAR Calibration Project scientist, I have worked hard for 10 years to prepare LOFAR and myself for this endeavour. In November 2012 LOFAR commenced a long (> 3-5 years) observing campaign, generating several PB of data per year. A new phase, with extraordinary challenges, still lies ahead. ERC funding for the LOFARCORE team will permit me to ramp up the execution of this program, and in a timely manner (we have competition from US, Australian and Indian groups), solve problems along the way, and analyze and publish what will be ground-breaking results on the COsmic REionization history. The LOFAR EoR project will be the pathfinder for even more daunting future explorations, using SKA, of the phases preceeding the EoR, i.e. Cosmic Dawn.

Keywords: cosmology birth-of-galaxies redshifted-hi radioastronomy pioneering groundbreaking
A Total Photon Camera for Molecular Imaging of Live Cells (TOTALPHOTON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2280232.0
EU funding (EUR): 2280232.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

How can we construct a high-resolution camera capable of imaging the time-of-arrival, polarisation and wavelength of each of the maximal 10Gphoton/s emitted from a labelled, biological cell? Such a measurement would capture the complete information available in the optical signal, and significantly enhance our ability to observe the organisation, movement and interactions of cellular components at molecular scales. Advances in single molecule light microscopy are steadily improving our understanding of the processes underlying normal cellular function, and their alteration in disease states. However, these technologies are unable to reach their full potential due to their reliance on pre-existing, suboptimal detectors. A dedicated camera technology is now required to permit simultaneous, multidimensional measurements of large cohorts of molecules at high temporal and spatial (sub-diffraction limit) scales through total imaging of the photon flux. Today’s digital cameras capture photons in packets of 10-100 thousand and provide them for external display or recording at fraction of second intervals. In order to process photons individually rather than as packets we must develop a camera operating 10-100 thousand times faster. Each pixel must be capable of capturing single photon parameters without compromising the high resolution and sensitivity achieved by current technology. The "total photon" camera will be realised in nanoscale CMOS technology, based on recent breakthroughs in ultra-miniature single-photon detectors. We will combine these with novel approaches to pixel circuits, image processing and high-speed readout electronics to provide a fundamental research tool for the emerging area of computational microscopy. We will provide access to the full record of photon emission from live cells, and hence the clearest possible visualization of dynamic cellular processes in a single device capable of wide-field molecular spectroscopy and superresolution imaging.
Non-Commutative Distributions in Free Probability (NCDFP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2197000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2197000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We intend to study new directions in free probability theory with high potential to lead to breakthroughs in our understanding of random matrix models and operator algebras. We will drive forward the study of "free analysis" which is intended to provide a whole new mathematical theory for variables with the highest degree of non-commutativity and which lies at the crossroad of many exciting mathematical subjects. More specifically, the objective of the proposal is to extend our armory for dealing with non-commutative distributions and to attack some of the fundamental problems which are related to such distributions, like: the existence and properties of the limit of multi-matrix models; the isomorphism problem for free group factors, and more generally, properties of free entropy and free entropy dimension as invariants for von Neumann algebras. The main directions are: (i) classifying non-commutative symmetries and describing the effect of invariance under such quantum symmetries for non-commutative distributions; this will rely on our recent theory of easy quantum groups (ii) proving regularity properties for non-commutative distributions; for this we will develop the theory of free Malliavin calculus (iii) providing algorithms for calculating non-commutative distributions; this will rely on advances of the analytic theory of operator valued free convolutions and will in particular lead to a master algorithm for the computation of asymptotic eigenvalue distributions for general random matrix problems

Keywords: free probability theory,operator algebras,random matrices,quantum groups,eigenvalue distribution,free malliavin calculus
Nature Inspired Transition Metal Catalysis (NAT_CAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-11-01
End date: 2018-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The development of new approaches in transition metal catalysis is of utmost importance since it provides the future tools required to arrive at a sustainable society. Interestingly, the field of transition metal catalysis has been dominated by the relatively simple dogma that the activity and the selectivity of the catalyst is determined by the interplay between the metal and the ligands that are coordinated to the metal. By developing new ligands, new catalyst can be uncovered that display specific reactivity and selectivity. Nature on the other hand, uses a much larger tool-box to arrive at catalytic systems that are generally far more active and selective than the man-made catalysts. Enzymes often use multimetallic sites, or multi functional groups that work in concert. Importantly, Enzymes are much larger than synthetic catalysts, and take advantage of the second sphere around an active site by 1) creating a sterically constrained cavity around it leading to entatic states, i.e. deformed intermediate states that lead to lower energy barriers to the product 2) positioning functional groups within the cavity to properly orient and activate the substrate, by lower the transition state via secondary interactions. In the current proposal we control catalyst properties by encapsulation. Will will use isolated natural active sites (and models theirof) and install these in well-defined cavities and study their properties. Can we create a second coordination sphere such that we can get activities and selectivies similar to that of the original enzyme? For example, we aim for nitrogenase activity by putting isolated active sites in synthetic cages.

Keywords: supramolecular catalysis,nitrogenase mimics,hydrogenase mimics.
Towards the NEXT generation of bb0nu experimets (NEXT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2020-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2791771.0
EU funding (EUR): 2791771.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Neutrinoless double beta decay is a hypothetical, very slow radioactive process whose observation would establish unambiguously that massive neutrinos are Majorana particles --- that is to say, identical to their antiparticles ---, which implies that a new physics scale beyond the Standard Model must exist. Furthermore, it would prove that total lepton number is not a conserved quantity, suggesting that this new physics could also be the origin of the observed asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the Universe. In recent years, many innovative ideas have been put forward to improve the sensitivity of \bbonu\ experiments. In general, these propositions have sought to increase the number of experimental signatures available to reject backgrounds while attempting to use isotopes and detector techniques which can be more easily scaled to large masses. The objective of this project is to realize the NEXT experiment, an innovativedetector based on a high-pressure xenon gas (HPXe) TPC that will run at the Laboratorio Subterr\'aneo de Canfranc (LSC), in Spain. Our primary goal is to complete the construction and commissioning of a 150 kg HPXe TPC (NEXT-100) by 2014, and start a physics run in 2015 that can improve the present bound set by the EXO experiment and perhaps discover the Majorana nature of neutrinos. In addition, we will carry out an R\&D program focused in demonstrating the scalability of the technology to the ton scale.

Keywords: neutrinoless double beta decay high pressure xenon chamber electroluminescence optical readout silicon pms
Biomedical Data Fusion using Tensor based Blind Source Separation (BIOTENSORS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Summary: the quest for a general functional tensor framework for blind source separation Our overall objective is the development of a general functional framework for solving tensor based blind source separation (BSS) problems in biomedical data fusion, using tensor decompositions (TDs) as basic core. We claim that TDs will allow the extraction of fairly complicated sources of biomedical activity from fairly complicated sets of uni- and multimodal data. The power of the new techniques will be demonstrated for three well-chosen representative biomedical applications for which extensive expertise and fully validated datasets are available in the PI’s team, namely: • Metabolite quantification and brain tumour tissue typing using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, • Functional monitoring including seizure detection and polysomnography, • Cognitive brain functioning and seizure zone localization using simultaneous Electroencephalography-functional MR Imaging integration. Solving these challenging problems requires that algorithmic progress is made in several directions: • Algorithms need to be based on multilinear extensions of numerical linear algebra. • New grounds for separation, such as representability in a given function class, need to be explored. • Prior knowledge needs to be exploited via appropriate health relevant constraints. • Biomedical data fusion requires the combination of TDs, coupled via relevant constraints. • Algorithms for TD updating are important for continuous long-term patient monitoring. The algorithms are eventually integrated in an easy-to-use open source software platform that is general enough for use in other BSS applications. Having been involved in biomedical signal processing over a period of 20 years, the PI has a good overview of the field and the opportunities. By working directly at the forefront in close collaboration with the clinical scientists who actually use our software, we can have a huge impact.

Keywords: block tensor decomposition,biomedical signal processing,multimodal,blind source separation