Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Design and Engineering Next-Generation Nanopore Devices for Bioplymer Analysis (DeE-Nano)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Panel description: Biotechnology using all organisms, biotechnology for environment and food applications, applied plant and animal sciences, bioengineering and synthetic biology, biomass and biofuels, biohazards
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999970.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999970.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Nanopores have emerged in the past few years as a promising analytical technique. The basic concept of nanopore sensing is to apply a potential across individual nanoscale pores and observe the disruption of the ionic flow caused by single molecules entering the pore. Ionic currents through protein pores have been successful at recognizing tiny differences in molecules in solution. Most notably, arrays of thousands of nanopores integrated in low-cost and portable devices are now capable of sequencing DNA at the single-molecule level. The main challenge of nanopore sensing is the inability of controlling the protein pore diameter and geometry, which determines the signal and enables selectivity based on physical size. The aim of this proposal is to design a new generation of protein nanopores that will take on the next grand challenge in nanopore sensing, that is the sequence identification of single proteins. In order to sequence proteins, the designed nanopores must: unfold a target protein, control the speed of its transit across the nanopore and recognize individual amino acids. Our approach is to design a transmembrane molecular machine that will unfold target proteins and feed the linearize polypeptide through the nanopore where single amino acids will be recognized by modulations of the nanopore current. The specific objectives are: i) Develop chemical and biotechnological methods to design synthetic protein-based pores ii) To precisely attach the unfolding machine to a nanopore iii) To genetically engineer the nanopore for optimal amino acid recognition Our nanopore devices will be used to develop the first technology to sequence single proteins. Compared to the state of the art ‘shotgun proteomics’, the nanopore approach will allow long polypeptide reads, recognition of low-abundance proteins, including biomarkers linked to diseases, and real-time monitoring with minimal cost, time and sample preparation.
Stories of Survival: Recovering the Connected Histories of Eastern Christianity in the Early Modern World (SoSGlobal)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 62.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499985.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499985.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From Lebanese immigrants in Argentina to Iraqi refugees in Sweden, Eastern Christians can be found today scattered across the entire world. Too often, however, this global migration has been seen purely as a modern development, one arising from contemporary political and confessional events in the Middle East, while in fact this phenomenon had its roots in the early modern period. From the sixteenth century onwards, Christians from the Ottoman Empire set out for distant worlds and foreign lands, travelling as far as Europe, India, Russia, and even the Americas and leaving traces of themselves across countless European and Middle Eastern archives, chanceries, and libraries. This transnational, ground-breaking project will gather all of these disparate sources into a single analytical frame to uncover, for the first time, the global and connected histories of Eastern Christianity in the early modern world. Through the work of a team of researchers under the close supervision of the PI, the project will reconstitute and analyse a ‘lost archive’ of literary, documentary, and printed sources in three continents, ten languages, and dozens of archives. Under the expert leadership of the PI, the project will include a robust strategy for dissemination, which will successfully bridge the fields of Middle Eastern, European, and global history. In doing so, this project will respond directly to one of the most pressing conceptual challenges facing global history today, that is, how to link the study of the micro-scale level of everyday life to the macro-narratives emphasised by global historians. Underlying this project, therefore, is a major intervention that seeks to advance a rigorous form of global history, and one which preserves philology and source criticism at the heart of its methodology. The outcomes of the project will include print-publications, workshops, and a searchable database of all writings by Eastern Christians from 1500 to 1750.

Keywords: ottoman empire,early modern europe,middle east,reformation,eastern christianity,islam
How do tannins kill parasitic worms? (TANWORM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Infection with gastrointestinal parasites is one of the most severe impediments on sustainable production of meat and milk from grazing livestock. Widespread resistance to the small number of available synthetic drugs has rendered continued prophylactic drug treatment unsustainable. One solution is to graze animals on bioactive forages that contain bioactive compounds with anti-parasitic activity such as condensed tannins (CT). This approach has been shown to be effective in reducing parasitic infection in grazing sheep and cattle, but as yet the anthelmintic mechanism of CT is unknown. The aim of the current proposal is to use highly purified CT molecules to investigate how CT bind to nematode parasites, and the role of CT polymer size in the binding properties. Furthermore, transcriptomics and functional biochemical experiments will be used to elucidate the biological pathways that are perturbed in nematodes after exposure to sub-lethal doses of CT in vitro. This unique multidisciplinary project will involve leading groups in both veterinary parasitology and phytochemistry, and combine the latest techniques in molecular parasitology and tannin chemistry. It is envisaged that the unique skill sets obtained from the project will be highly beneficial to my future career, as well as uncovering novel insights into the biological properties of CT that will greatly aid the practical future use of CT-containing forages, thus ensuring the continued sustainability of pasture-based livestock production.

Keywords: tannins,anthelmintic,helminth,ostertagia
The new science and technology of edible robots and robotic food for humans and animals (ROBOFOOD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Switzerland,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2025-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3411691.25
EU funding (EUR): 3411691.25
Participants: 4
Project status: SIGNED

Ordering your pizza and having it delivered in a few minutes by a drone? That could soon be routine. But what about having the drone itself for dessert, instead of sending it back? That would be entirely new technological territory with applications far beyond take-away meals. By combining food science and robotic science in a radically new way, the ROBOFOOD project will for the first time create robots that can be eaten and foods that behave like robots. Such edible robots could deliver lifesaving nutrition to humans in emergency situation; they could supply vaccines and supplements to endangered animal species; robotic food with edible actuators and electronics, on the other hand, could tell us when it is well preserved and safe to eat; it could protect itself from excessive heat or humidity during storage; it could facilitate swallowing for neurologic patients, and interact with humans and animals in totally new ways, to address dietary goals or influence eating habits. These goals require an interdisciplinary investigation into the principles of robotics and food science, which have very different and contrasting properties. Traditional robots are inorganic systems that perceive the environment and perform actions. Food instead is mostly organic material that can be digested and metabolized to support life. We will use soft robotic principles and advanced food processing methods to establish a common ground, and pave the way towards a new design space for edible robots and robotic food. We will validate it with proof-of-concept technologies for animal preservation, human rescue, human nutrition. The project is profoundly interdisciplinary, merging two fields that have hardly ever interacted before and pushing them well beyond the state of the art; its ambitious science-based technological breakthroughs have the potential to address environmental and health problems, and also The new science and technology of edible robots and robotic food for humans and animals
Galaxy Sizes as Tracers of Dark Matter (GALSIZE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Spain,Canada
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2023-12-21
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 250497.6
EU funding (EUR): 250497.6
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

I propose the project Galaxy Sizes as Tracers of Dark Matter (GALSIZE) to be supervised by Prof. Courteau at Queen’s University in Kingston (Canada, Third Country for the outgoing phase) and by Prof. Knapen at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC, Tenerife, Spain, beneficiary institution and host for the incoming phase). The main scientific goals are to (S01) establish a new paradigm of galaxy data-model comparisons, developing a definitive theory of disk formation based on galaxy sizes; (S02) characterize the nature of, and coupling between, dark and luminous matter in galaxies, with the aid of scaling relations, mass tracers, and numerical simulations; and (S03) expand model inferences into the uncharted realm of low-mass galaxies. These objectives will be tackled by assembling the largest and most complete catalogue of spatially resolved structural and dynamical properties (WP2) of galaxies to characterize in a novel way their luminous and dark components (WP3). Queen's University is a world-leading institution for the study of dark matter. The Queen’s Astrophysics Group includes many experts in the observational and numerical characterization of luminous and dark matter in galaxies. The Queen’s Astroparticle group, led by 2015 Physics Nobel Laureate Prof. Art McDonald, is also at the forefront of experimental cold dark matter detections. The return phase institution, the IAC, hosts world experts in both the empirical analysis and numerical modelling of galaxies. It provides access to supercomputers and world-class telescopes (best optical/near-IR observatory in Europe). Through this MSCA-IF-GF, my training in Canada would capitalize upon my past experiences (former MSCA ESR in DAGAL ITN) by coupling photometric and spectroscopic properties of unprecedentedly large sets of galaxies and simulations to constrain in a novel way models of galaxy formation. Dissemination of the knowledge acquired in Canada would greatly complement related European efforts.

Keywords: galaxies formation,galaxies sizes,galaxies dynamics,galaxies scaling relations,galaxies dark matter,galaxies photometry,galaxies spectroscopy,galaxies statistics
The Medial Frontal Cortex in Cognitive Control and Decision Making: Anatomy, Connectivity, Representations, Causal Contributions (MediCoDe)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANT (ERC-2020-ADG, 2020)
Start date: 2022-02-01
End date: 2027-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499996.0
EU funding (EUR): 2490381.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Cognitive control enables humans to flexibly adapt their behavior for goal achievement. Despite intensive research we still miss an overarching understanding of cognitive control and its main underlying structure, the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC). This is due to insufficient consideration of pMFC neuroanatomy, its subregions and individual variability; low sensitivity of conventional group-level studies; diffuse use of multiple methods and paradigms in disparate studies impeding differentiation of general cognitive-control principles from study idiosyncrasies; sparsity of causal evidence in humans. This project proposes a radical shift in tackling these issues by two novel approaches: A) Within-subject multimodal dense sampling and representational modeling considering individual neuroanatomy will provide a fine-grained spatiotemporal mapping of representations of cognitive-control and decision-making variables to connectivity-based pMFC subregions and enable discriminating between competing theories. The rationale is that representations of latent constructs of cognitive control must generalize across tasks and contexts. In multiple sessions behavior, fMRI, EEG, eye movements and autonomic reactions are recorded while participants perform tasks enabling to estimate cognitive control variables (CCV) from behavior and computational models. Representational similarity analysis of CCVs across tasks and modalities in a regression framework will identify signatures of core theoretical components of cognitive control. B) A novel stimulation method using low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) noninvasively modulates neuronal activity in deep brain structures with excellent spatial resolution. tFUS combined with EEG and fMRI will causally test the necessity of CCV representations in pMFC and its network for adaptive behavior. The project will open up new research avenues to address individual differences and pathological changes in cognitive control.

Keywords: cognitive control,performance monitoring,error processing,adaptive behavior,midcingulate cortex,posterior medial frontal cortex,fmri,connectivity,representational similarity analysis,low intensity transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation,model based analysis
Moving Towards Adaptive Governance in Complexity: Informing Nexus Security (MAGIC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Climate action, environment,  resource efficiency and raw materials
Theme: Enabling the transition towards a green economy and society through eco-innovation
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Germany,Spain,Norway,Belgium,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Integrated approaches to food security, low-carbon energy, sustainable water management and climate change mitigation: (H2020-WATER-2015-two-stage, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 52.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7457761.25
EU funding (EUR): 7457761.25
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

MAGIC is a proposal coordinated by the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA) of the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) in collaboration with partners which have a proven and track record in their respective fields of competence. Our objective is to open the path towards a new way of managing the Nexus in which researchers and decision makers work together in the search for development strategies that can contribute to the smart, sustainable and inclusive economic growth required by the EU 2020 Strategy, while maintaining a leading and informed participation in international discussions about global issues, like climate change or food security. In order to do so, MAGIC deploys a set of novel, cutting-edge and system-oriented approaches that originates from system ecology, bio-economics and Science and Technology Studies. Their combination allows MAGIC to highlights if a certain mix of EU policies results in undesirable or unforeseen outcomes. Climate, water, land energy, and food modeling are integrated into a socio- and bio-economics framework using an iterative and participatory method. Significant care is taken to embed these ideas and approaches within the advisory and decision making functions of the European Commission. Impacts are twofold. First, MAGIC contributes a methodological framework where the needs for advice of different DG in the design of development strategies for the EU are covered using a method that can embrace the complexity of the nexus, for a better understanding of the interactions it holds. Second, the project provides ‘on the flight’ advice to the EC about the timeliness and soundness for the EU 2020 Strategy and the EU position in international agreements of EU policies -like the Water Framework Directive, the Common Agricultural Policy, or the Low-Carbon Economy Strategy- and targets of implementing technologies -such as fracking, desalination, biofuels and GMOs.

Keywords: multi level governance,multi scale integrated assessment,nexus security,socio ecosystem metabolism,quantitative story telling,biofuels,circular economy,desalination,fracking
The Ocular Glymphatic System (GlymphEye)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2176250.0
EU funding (EUR): 2176250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The glymphatic system is a highly organized brain-wide mechanism by which fluid wastes are removed from the brain that was recently described by my team. The glymphatic system clears 65% of amyloid-beta from the normal adult brain. A rapidly evolving literature has shown that the major neurodegenerative diseases of the eye, macular degeneration and glaucoma, may also result from the toxicity of uncleared protein wastes, including amyloid-beta. Yet the eye, like the brain, has no traditional lymphatic vessels. In this application, I propose that two of the most significant causes of human visual loss, macular degeneration and glaucoma – previously thought of as both intractable and unrelated – are instead mechanistically allied disorders that not only share a common causal pathway, but may both be therapeutically modified by targeting dysregulation of the glymphatic pathway. As such, this proposal seeks to link the biology of a fundamentally new pathway for both metabolic substrate and waste transport in the adult brain, to diseases of the eye that have long been resistant to either understanding or treatment. The objectives: WP1: Define the cellular mechanisms that drive ocular glymphatic transport of Amyloid-beta using an ex vivo preparation of the optic nerve. WP2: Use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to establish the existence of ocular glymphatic transport in live animals. WP3: Determine whether the ocular glymphatic system, like the brain lymphatic system, is critically regulated by the sleep-wake cycle. WP4: Test the hypothesis that age-dependent macular degeneration is caused by a suppression of ocular glymphatic transport, with secondary accumulation of toxic protein products in and subjacent to the retinal pigment epithelium? WP5: Define the impact of increased intraocular pressure on glymphatic export of amyloid-beta, and test the hypothesis that the decrease in ocular glymphatic transport contributes to degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma.

Keywords: eye glymphatic system macular degeneration mri neurodegeneration glaucoma amyloid
Unlocking extracellular immunity for new crop protection strategies. (ExtraImmune)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Panel description: Biotechnology using all organisms, biotechnology for environment and food applications, applied plant and animal sciences, bioengineering and synthetic biology, biomass and biofuels, biohazards
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANT (ERC-2020-ADG, 2020)
Start date: 2022-01-01
End date: 2026-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499997.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499997.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

New crop protection strategies are essential to feed a growing world population. Plant pathogens decrease food production by 18-30% and these losses are expected to increase with climate change and reduced agrochemical use. Most plant-pathogenic bacteria, fungi and oomycetes colonize the extracellular compartment (apoplast) of plants and are exposed to a vast array of potentially harmful metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes secreted by the plant, providing basal, multigenic immunity that is hardly understood and exploited for crop protection. Challenges to unlock the potential of this extra layer of immunity reside in: i) the redundancies in the extracellular immune network; ii) adapted pathogens suppressing extracellular immunity; and iii) the research bias towards only a few extracellular immune components. The AIM of the project is to UNLOCK EXTRACELLULAR IMMUNITY for new crop protection strategies. To do so, I am proposing a radically different approach: to follow the concept that we should study secreted host proteins that are manipulated, uncovered by cutting-edge functional chemical proteomics. With a combination of activity- and reactivity-based probes and crosslinkers, I will display manipulations of secreted proteins from a unique, unbiassed angle and at an unprecedented broad scale, uncovering host targets manipulated by proteins, metabolites and post-translational modifications that are phenotypically hidden by network redundancies and by pathogen-mediated suppressions. Focussing on conserved host targets that are manipulated by multiple pathogens, and supported by exciting preliminary data and a powerful pathosystem in which both host and pathogen can be manipulated, I will address the challenges and unlock central components of extracellular immunity, for exploitation of this extra layer of immunity in crop protection.

Keywords: plant immunity,plant pathogens,crop protection,chemical proteomics,extracellular immunity