Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Online Class Imbalance Learning for Fault Diagnosis of Critical Infrastructure Systems (FAULT-LEARNING)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Spreading excellence and widening participation
Programme: Widening participation and spreading excellence
Theme: Other Widening
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Cyprus
Call: Widening Fellowships (H2020-WF-01-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2021-10-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 157941.12
EU funding (EUR): 157941.12
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the project is to design and develop an online learning-based fault diagnosis engine with adaptation capabilities. This engine will monitor and analyse data arriving in real time from critical infrastructure (CI) systems, to accurately detect a potential fault and effectively isolate and identify its exact location. Modern society relies heavily on the availability and smooth operation of CI systems, such as electrical power systems, water distribution systems and telecommunication networks. In such large-scale, complex engineering systems when a failure occurs due to faults, it can have severe societal, health and economic consequences. The sequential arrival of data in CI systems calls for a fault diagnosis engine with adaptive behaviour to achieve and maintain optimal performance. However, the vast majority of existing work falls short on this requirement. This project will incorporate online learning capabilities to achieve adaptability and will also address class imbalance, a major challenge for learning systems, arising from the fact that faults are low probability events. Online class imbalance learning (OCIL) is an emerging research topic focusing on the combined challenges of online learning and class imbalance. We will shed light on supervised OCIL as very few methods currently deal with this problem and address for the first time the unsupervised and semi-supervised OCIL problems. The proposed algorithms will be evaluated in realistic fault diagnosis datasets from industrial partners and in an advanced Smart Buildings simulator allowing us to run sensor fault scenarios in large-scale multi-zone buildings. Furthermore, a prototype on sensor fault diagnosis will be delivered that will be evaluated on a physical Smart Buildings testbed to enable its efficient testing under realistic conditions. Overall, this novel and interdisciplinary project will provide invaluable insights on incorporating learning capabilities in CI systems fault diagnosis.

Keywords: online learning,class imbalance,fault diagnosis,critical infrastructure systems,smart buildings
Geographical imaginations and the (geo)politics of volcanic risk: cultures, knowledges, actions (IMAGINE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-07-01
End date: 2025-06-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1437933.0
EU funding (EUR): 1437933.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Volcanoes can be cultural symbols, a source of fear, of fascination and of scientific study and a practical problem for civil protection: they involve complex social, cultural and political dynamics, and often have multi-scalar, trans-border impacts. Yet the management of volcanic risk tends to be strongly dependent on uncertain information from physical scientists about volcanic activity, with social scientific studies concentrating on social vulnerability and communication, and there is a relative dearth of studies that address the cultural and (geo)political contexts of scientific knowledge production in particular places. Geographers have explored the role of “geographical imaginations” in scientific discourses in other fields such as climate change: people, including scientists, imagine the social and physical landscapes around them. This project seeks to combine science studies, human geography and disaster risk reduction to provide a holistic approach to volcanic risk, and inform ongoing discussions about scientific advice in disasters more broadly, through a consideration of the geographical imaginations of scientists and populations. It focuses on understanding volcanic and disaster risk as a consequence of complex interactions and relationships between landscape, community, science and politics that blur the boundaries between society and nature. It combines methods from the social and physical sciences in Latin America and East Africa to investigate: (i) the ways in which scientists and people who live on volcanoes interpret and live with their environment; (ii) the interaction of national authorities with these modes of living, and how national borders affect them; (iii) the power dynamics of warnings within these contexts and across them; (iv) the implications of this approach for disaster risk reduction more broadly. Outcomes will include two books, several sets of scientific papers and three international meetings.

Keywords: geography of science,geographical imaginations,disaster risk reduction,society and space,volcanic risk
Light-switchable proteins and Adhesion Micropatterns to Illuminate the Navigation machInery of Neurons (LAMININ)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-04-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Proper wiring and connectivity of the central and peripheral nervous system requires that during embryonic development neurons migrate and extend in the correct directions to connect to their targets. Defects in the neuronal navigation machinery lead to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders such as Hirschsprung’s disease, Kallmann syndrome, ACC and has been associated with autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy. Neuronal navigation relies on a structure at the tips of neuronal extensions, termed the growth cone which is able to detect gradients of guidance molecules (chemotactants) secreted by cells at a distance. The chemotactant netrin, which binds multiple netrin receptors, can switch between attracting and repelling growth cones, a property which helps neurons change directionality upon reaching an intermediate target. While it has been demonstrated that this is related to the complement of netrin receptors expressed by the neuron, it is unclear how different receptor combinations trigger opposing directional responses within the growth cone. It was recently shown that aberrant expression of netrin receptors in cells that don’t normally express it cause aberrant migration of neurons, which might explain some of the symptoms associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Mowat-Wilson syndrome. This proposal aims to understand at the molecular level how netrin can both attract and repel neuronal growth cones. This will be accomplished by mapping the interactome of both attractive and repulsive netrin-receptor complexes, and by mapping the spatial distribution and activity of proteins within actively steering growth cones, via high resolution microscopy, micropatterning and optogenetics to spatially modulate protein activities. This combinatorial approach will improve our understanding of neuronal guidance, associated disorders, and new technologies developed in this proposal might aid in the development of novel organ-on-chip technology.

Keywords: neuronal navigation,optogenetics,micropatterning,microscopy,fluorescence,spatiotemporal control,protein dynamics,cytoskeleton,cell biology,chemotaxis,neurodevelopmental disorders
Imaging analysis in all lighting and off weather conditions (I-ALLOW)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Micro- and nanoelectronics and photonics: Key enabling technologies related to micro- and nanoelectronics and to photonics, covering also quantum technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: Photonics (cPPP)
Countries involved: Italy,Italy,Israel,Poland,Belgium,France,United Kingdom
Call: Photonics KET (H2020-ICT-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2409223.0
EU funding (EUR): 2409223.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of the I-ALLOW project is therefore to study, design, develop and test an innovative approach which improves the safety of population and infrastructure in day time, night time and all-weather conditions by proving a state of the art multi-spectral imaging and processing system. I-ALLOW will be able to: • A low cost single sensor imaging solution with versatile capabilities. • Image in low light (night-time) conditions. • Image in standard light (day-time) conditions. • Image in harsh weather conditions (rain, snow, smog). • Object detection based on multispectral data. • Object detection based on 3D range data.

Keywords: multispectral,hyperspectral filter,near infrared,active gated imaging,night vision,harsh weather conditions
BIONIC FEEDBACK SYSTEM FOR AMPUTEES AND DIABETICS (BFS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Austria
Call: SME instrument (H2020-EIC-SMEInst-2018-2020-3, 2020)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2580000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1806000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The BIONIC FEEDBACK SYSTEM. The Austrian company SAPHENUS Medical Technology, founded in 2016, has set itself the goal of improving the quality of people who lack the feeling in the legs, whether through polyneuropathy or through amputation. 1,5 million amputees and 7,5 million people with polyneuropathy and serious sensory problems are affected all over Europe. For these two target groups SAPHENUS has the breakthrough solution using the bionic principle. With the Bionic Feedback System (BFS) the affected persons get back the feeling of the lost or damaged foot, they feel authentic again, and the brain is provided with sensory information again. SURALIS and CUTANEUS, the two BFS-products of SAPHENUS are patented high-tec add-on devices that consist of (i) a sensor sole and (ii) a transmission part which is applied on the stump or leg. SURALIS and CUTANEUS represent a new medical product category supporting cost-efficient, affordable, optimised care for amputees and diabetics. SAPHENUS has a strong network in medical research as well as in health insurances and in distribution partners. The SME-Instrument phase 1 business plan shall now be further implemented. The phase 2 workplan foresees a duration of 24 months and requests 1,8 mio of EC funding.

Keywords: reactivation of nerves,phantom pain elimination,gait stability,add on device,polyneuropathy,diabetics
empoWering prIvacy and securiTy in non-trusteD envirOnMents (WITDOM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Spain,Italy,Spain,Belgium,Switzerland,Slovenia
Call: Cybersecurity, Trustworthy ICT (H2020-ICT-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4020281.25
EU funding (EUR): 2764031.25
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The advent of the Future Internet prompts fundamental transformations in whole ICT ecosystems, while bringing new opportunities to stakeholders in the availability and rational use of physical resources with large-scale savings in IT investments. It will also pose new security challenges especially for ensuring robust protection of privacy and integrity of personal information, which are a fundamental part of the societal acceptance of new ICT schemes, services and solutions. The consolidation of highly complex Cloud computing paradigms materializes the long-held dream of computing as an on-demand automatically managed utility, but at the same time it calls for the materialisation of technologies to enable tangible levels of trustworthiness and end-to-end security in the new ICT platforms and architectures. While currently there are solid bases for homomorphic cryptography and secure processing of data, research in WITDOM will go further, aiming at truly efficient and practical privacy enhancing techniques and efficient signal and data processing in the encrypted domain, and develop a holistic security-by-design framework for quantitative evaluation of end-to-end security and privacy, aiming at guaranteing efficient and verifiable provision of privacy in the context of ICT services owned by third-party providers of distributed processing and storage, thereby maximizing independence from stated security and privacy commitments by respective providers. Focusing on specific added-value scenarios, we will deliver automatic and efficient privacy provisioning solutions, which will cover varying needs of privacy for data that must be handled by non-trusted third parties, providing a greater malleability by dynamic adaptation to user needs and privacy preferences. In summary, privacy is preserved by keeping data confidential (encrypted and privacy-protected) in the un-trusted environment, while the data owner can operate with and make use of the data in the encrypted domain.

Keywords: trustworthiness,confidentiality,security by design,process integrity,privacy enhancing solutions,efficient homomorphic encryption,enabling tools and technologies,cloud computing
Reducing the ecological footprint of ports with ECOncrete®’s bio-enhancing concrete technologies (Living Ports)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Israel,Denmark
Call: Fast Track to Innovation (FTI) (H2020-EIC-FTI-2018-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3117618.75
EU funding (EUR): 2484292.88
Participants: 4
Project status: SIGNED

The last few decades have seen rapid proliferation of hard artificial structures (e.g., offshore energy, port infrastructure, aquaculture, coastal defences) in the marine environment (ocean sprawl). 70% of coastal and marine infrastructure (CMI) is concrete, yet concrete is known as a poor substrate for marine flora and fauna to thrive. Cement, the key ingredient of concrete, is the source of 8% of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Due to a lack of available concrete alternatives, CMI is designed and built with little or no ecological consideration, leading to high ecological footprint of structures like ports and coastal defence schemes often resulting in environmental penalties (€900K per acre or mitigation costs through via artificial reefs) and a prolonged permitting process (<1 year). ECOncrete® has created and validated a win-win solution for both thriving ecosystems and high performing concrete structures. The science-based innovative technology is designed to encourage the development of rich and diverse marine life and natural processes like calcification and photosynthesis (that uptake CO2 ) as an integral part of CMI such as seawalls, breakwaters, and urban waterfronts, providing highly durable, bioenhancing concrete solutions and Climate Change resilience. The LIVING PORTS project is composed of an interdisciplinary consortium of 4 partners, each chosen to actively participate in the de-risking and industrialization of ECOncrete’s® revolutionary technology. The project shall act as a first and crucial step toward a fundamental change in the way the CMI industry currently operates, shifting from obsolete “gray” construction materials and designs, to innovative science-based technologies that foster ecological, estructural, and socio-economic value.

Keywords: concrete,ecological engineering,marine biology,biodiversity,carbon footprint,carbon sink,coastal,infrastructure,ports,marinas,sustainability
Ecological and evolutionary constraints on the temperature dependence of the carbon cycle (TEMPDEP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499997.5
EU funding (EUR): 1499997.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The cycling of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere is mediated by its transformation and flux through ecosystems. Atmospheric CO2 is fixed by photosynthesis, exchanged between organisms via their interactions, and re-emitted to the atmosphere through the by-products of their metabolism (CO2). These metabolic processes are inherently temperature dependent, and consequently there is potential for elevated rates of respiration (CO2 production) in a warmer world to further accelerate global warming. However, large uncertainties about the magnitude of any response exist, owing to limited understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the temperature dependence of ecosystem metabolism. I approach this problem from a new perspective, by proposing that interactions between evolutionary processes, which influence the frequency and variance of metabolic traits within populations, and ecological interactions between populations, which shape the structure and dynamics of communities, constrain the overall temperature dependence of metabolic fluxes at the ecosystem-level. I will ask: How do differences in thermal responses and the nature of ecological interactions between species influence the temperature response of an ecosystem? What is the rate and magnitude of thermal adaptation? Does coevolution in a community affect thermal adaptation? How do differences in thermal responses and turnover in species composition affect the temperature dependence of ecosystems? I will answer these questions with an array of experiments that recombine microbes isolated from a long-term freshwater warming experiment (+4°C for 10 years) in communities in the laboratory. This project will break new ground in understanding how patterns and processes at the ecosystem-level emerge from the dynamics of populations and communities over ecological and evolutionary timescales. At the same time, it will contribute substantially to understanding carbon cycle responses to global warming.

Keywords: carbon cycle,ecosystems,metabolic theory,thermal biology
All-optical brain-to-brain behaviour and information transfer (BrainBIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Italy,Italy,Italy
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2370250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1900000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Exchange of information between different brains usually takes place through the interaction between bodies and the external environment. The ultimate goal of this project is to establish a novel paradigm of brain-to-brain communication based on direct full-optical recording and controlled stimulation of neuronal activity in different subjects. To pursue this challenging objective, we propose to develop optical technologies well beyond the state of the art for simultaneous neuronal “reading” and “writing” across large volumes and with high spatial and temporal resolution, targeted to the transfer of advantageous behaviour in physiological and pathological conditions. We will perform whole-brain high-resolution imaging in zebrafish larvae to disentangle the activity patterns related to different tasks. We will then use these patterns as stimulation templates in other larvae to investigate spatio-temporal subject-invariant signatures of specific behavioural states. This ‘pump and probe’ strategy will allow gaining deep insights into the complex relationship between neuronal activity and subject behaviour. To move towards clinics-oriented studies on brain stimulation therapies, we will complement whole-brain experiments in zebrafish with large area functional imaging and optostimulation in mammals. We will investigate all-optical brain-to-brain information transfer to boost an advantageous behaviour, i.e. motor recovery, in a mouse model of stroke. Mice showing more effective responses to rehabilitation will provide neuronal activity templates to be elicited in other animals, in order to increase rehabilitation efficiency. We strongly believe that the implementation of new technologies for all-optical transfer of behaviour between different subjects will offer unprecedented views of neuronal activity in healthy and injured brain, paving the way to more effective brain stimulation therapies.