Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
TRANSPORT OF SOFT MATTER AT THE NANOSCALE (NANOTRANS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Spain,Germany,Slovenia,Switzerland,France,France,United States,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (ITN-ETN) (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3899357.64
EU funding (EUR): 3899357.64
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a Multi-Partner ITN-ETN network on Transport of Soft Matter at the Nanoscale. The scientific topic, which is the focus of the proposal, is an emerging field of science and technology. Challenges such as design of environmentally friendly engineering materials or understanding the principles of biological organization crucially depend on fundamental understanding of transport of fluids and colloids at the nanoscale. Topics we will study within NANOTRANS are at the core of modern technology (i.e. active design of “smart” nanomaterials, nanofluidic and “lab on a chip” devices, sustainable nanocompounds, energy storage, contaminants dissemination in environment, oil recovery, drug delivery and disease treatment). The main objective of the ITN network is to train students. We will offer a balanced and timely supradisciplinary research training program providing a range of skills in various scientific and technological disciplines and fostering creativity and entrepreneurial mindset. Both, private and academic sectors are strongly represented in the network and will substantially contribute to the NANOTRANS training program, which will offer the participating fellows unparalleled education unavailable in standard academic programs at Universities, as well as excellent career opportunities both in academia and industry. NANOTRANS research will result in improved fundamental understanding of soft matter systems out of equilibrium, novel experimental and theoretical methods for nanoscale exploration, as well as in designing advanced aterials, products and applications. In turn, it will contribute to issues connected to energy production and storage, sustainable development, and novel disease treatment strategies. The NANOTRANS research, training and outreach activities will have a substantial and lasting impact on the society, environment, international scientific community, industry and on the European Union.

Keywords: colloidal interactions,non equilibrium phenomena,electrokinetics,polymers,fluid flow,transport in nanoconfinement,thermodynamic gradients,diffusiophoresis,heterogeneous mixtures
Water separation revolutionized by ultrathin carbon nanomembranes (ITS-THIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Greece,Slovenia,Latvia,France,Netherlands,Denmark
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-08-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 41.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2999212.5
EU funding (EUR): 2999212.5
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

ITS-THIN embodies the vision of a disruptive technology: Ultrathin Carbon Nanomembranes (CNMs) of ~1 nm thickness enabling an unprecedented efficient water separation technology inspired by the highly efficient biological filtration processes found in nature. The CNM sub-nm functional pores will enable efficient removal of small molecules and ions from water streams. Due to the extremely high areal pore number density (~1 sub-nm pore per square nanometer) constituting up to 40% of the membrane, CNMs enable a hitherto non-attainable separation efficiency compared to existing membrane technology. CNMs are mechanically stable, can withstand harsh environments and their size can be scaled to industrial demands. In laboratory scale (membrane areas of square micrometer) experiments, CNMs show an extraordinarily high rejection of organic molecules, anions and cations, with a concomitant high-water flux. In ITS-THIN we will take advantage of the disruptive potential and develop and demonstrate the CNM-based technology in two types of demanding water separation applications: Pressure driven water polishing for ultrapure water (UPW) production and osmotic cold-concentration (CC) for pharma and food & beverage applications. The academic partners in ITS-THIN provide the experimental and theoretical basis for understanding the transport phenomena as well as the physical-chemical properties of CNMs and the industrial partners enable cost-effective CNM production, modular integration and market-targeting technology implementation. Thus ITS-THIN spans the entire value chain from concept to technology.

Keywords: membrane science and technology,carbon nanomembranes,water purification,osmosis,materials separation,filtration,2d membranes,2d materials
Free-space optomechanics with light-emitting materials (FOWLING)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-12-01
End date: 2022-12-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The coupling of electromagnetic radiation (photons) to mechanical waves (phonons) is at the heart of solid-state quantum photonics while phonon transport at different frequencies governs crucial physical phenomena ranging from thermal conductivity to the sensitivity of nano-electromechanical resonators. To engineer and control the overlap of light management with the mechanical vibrations of matter efficiently, we make use of very precisely fabricated nanometer-scale devices. The standard way of achieving this control is to use engineered defects in periodic structures - optomechanical crystals - where the electromagnetic field and the mechanical displacement can be confined simultaneously thus enhancing their interaction. However, despite its extraordinary potential, cavity optomechanics is suffering from the limitations induced by the experimental setup commonly used to address the mechanical modes, namely the difficulty to use integrable structures. During this project, we will explore novel designs for optomechanical nanostructures and we will develop experimental methods to address the phononic and photonic modes of nanoscale objects from free-space, and thus get rid of the limitations imposed by fibres, which will in turn enable the incorporation of optically active materials in mechanical resonators. In particular, we will make use of embedded quantum light emnitters excited above-band optically. This will allow us to explore light-matter interaction in this novel platform ad get direct access to the photonic modes of the system. By exploring the frequency modulation of these photonic modes induced by optomechanical coupling, we expect to also have access to the confined mechanical vibrations of the structure. The investigation of these systems will have an important impact on quantum information and thermal transport as well as highly sensitive force, mass and displacement detection.

Keywords: optomechanics,light matter interaction,lasing
Modeling the fracture toughness of metallic glasses through a multiscale approach (ToughMG)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196707.84
EU funding (EUR): 196707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are promising materials that combine the strength of metal alloys with the elasticity of glassy polymers. Compared to their crystalline counterpart, the lack of dislocations and grain boundaries translates into better energy restitution, excellent wear, and corrosion resistance, making them promising candidates for sports goods to biomedical materials. Unfortunately, BMGs are notorious for exhibiting crack growth, fracture, and, ultimately, catastrophic failure, severely limiting their applications. Recently, experimental observation showed that BMGs could exhibit a mechanical transition revealed by a sharp drop in fracture toughness (ability to resist failure in the presence of a crack) as a function of a protocol (fictive) temperature that controls the glass stability. This transition strongly echoes with the ductile to brittle transition seen in recent numerical and theoretical works and is found to be linked to a sharp decrease in plastic defects (soft spots), which play a role similar to dislocations in crystals. In this action, we propose investigating the toughening transition seen in BMGs through a novel multiscale numerical approach. This action aims to enable the parametrization of continuum models with the insight gained from microscopic simulations. In ToughMG, I will associate my experience in the detection and micromechanics of plastic defects at the microscopic level to the prominent expertise provided by Prof. Barrat and the host institution in modeling plasticity at the mesoscopic and macroscopic scale. The methodology developed will allow me to predict large scale plastic strain observed prior fracture as a function of the material's protocol history. This research plan can substantially advance our understanding of the connection between glassy structure and fracture mechanics of bulk metallic glasses and allows for better material design.

Keywords: plasticity,fracture,materials science
Unravelling the mechanisms behind bacterial symbiosis in insects (SymMech)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bacterial endosymbionts are widely distributed amongst invertebrates and have an enormous impact upon the biology of their hosts, being responsible for nutrient acquisition, predator protection and interference with the host reproductive strategies. Their ability to reduce vector competence has raised the possibility of using endosymbionts as a strategy to eliminate or diminish vector-borne pathogen transmission to humans and plants. A crucial step in manipulation of symbionts is the elucidation of the genes involved in symbiosis. Symbionts are highly adapted to hosts, thriving in highly specialised niches with little interference from competing microorganisms. The genes that permit this lifestyle are not known in any case, because most symbionts cannot be grown outside their host, thus impeding classic microbiological loss of function screens to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for symbioisis. In this project, I will utilize Arsenophonus nasoniae, one of the few culturable symbionts, to establish for the first time the genes and systems required for symbiotic life. This bacterium infects the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis inducing lethality in the male offspring (son-killing = sk). The major objective of this project is to elucidate by the first time genes that are essential for the symbiosis between a bacterium and an insect using hypothesis-independent TraDis approach combined with hypothesis-dependent gene knockout approaches. Identification of the genes involved in symbiosis may allow us to modify the host range of symbionts or engineer strains that produce the desired phenotype. Additionally, this project will provide solid ground for the identification of genes involved in reproductive manipulation of arthropods allowing performing symbiont-mediated alteration of host biology. Both objectives are crucial for the development of novel biological and chemical tools against major vector-borne diseases and pests.
Disruptive PEMFC stack with nOvel materials, Processes, arcHitecture and optimized Interfaces (DOLPHIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Climate action, environment,  resource efficiency and raw materials
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: FCH2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Switzerland,Belgium,France,France,France,France,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Game changer fuel cell stack for automotive applications (H2020-JTI-FCH-2018-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2962681.25
EU funding (EUR): 2962681.25
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

Current PEMFC stack technologies for automotive applications show limitations in performance, durability and production cost which are primary challenges to reach mass production and fuel cell commercialization. It is obvious that filling the gap between present State Of the Art performances and expected targets will not be possible by an incremental evolution of the present PEMFC technology as deployed today in first commercial cars. Thus, it is necessary to identify, develop and validate a more innovative, disruptive approach including new materials and processes to have a chance to reach these ambitious challenges. In this perspective, the DOLPHIN project is exploring an unconventional, highly innovative route towards a newly designed cell architecture featuring a Dual-Core Single Repeat Unit (DC-SRU). Thanks to smart approaches in the fields of ‘Process Integration’, ‘Interfaces Quality’ and ‘Materials Efficiency’, DOLPHIN will deliver a light-weight & compact fuel cell and stack architecture with low (mass/charge) transport resistances inside the fuel cell core. Mechanically strong and corrosion resistant structures with redesigned and more coherent cell-internal interfaces will delay the activation of major ageing mechanisms and failures occurrence hence increasing system reliability to a level compatible with automotive durability targets. Finally, by triggering an original concept relying on two integrated multi-functional cores and two architectures (w/o GDM) of increasing level of disruptiveness, DOLPHIN will finally deliver a reinvented process scheme with projected stack production costs less than 20 €/kW. DOLPHIN will in that sense address drastic fuel cell stack requirements for the automotive industry and beyond. It consists in another step forward toward the large-scale deployment of environmentally friendly vehicles, while also participating to the increase in European competitiveness, industrialisation and self-sufficiency in energy.

Keywords: game changer fuel cell stack,single layer graphene coating,thin reinforced membrane,thin flowfields,graded active layers,carbon based bipolar plate,light composite terminal plate
Neuronal MRI: Harnessing chemical exchange between N-Acetylaspartate and water for functional imaging of neural activity (Neuronal MRI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2019-08-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 148635.6
EU funding (EUR): 148635.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Functional MRI (fMRI) is currently the leading noninvasive modality to assess brain function in vivo. However, it relies on a surrogate marker for neural activity –the hemodynamic responses following activity– which makes fMRI nonspecific and difficult to interpret. Here, we propose to advance the state-of-the-art by developing and evaluating a methodology we term neuronal fMRI (nMRI) which would enable a direct measurement of neuronal activity and its fast dynamics. Achieving this arduous goal calls for a truly interdisciplinary effort, borrowing concepts from Chemistry (Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) of a neuronal-selective metabolite to impart specificity, restricted diffusion to probe cell sizes), Physics and Engineering (advanced MRI and reconstruction methods). Our general approach consists of a development-validation-application design, thus our main objectives are: 1. Harnessing the hitherto unexplored downfield resonance of N-Acetylaspartate (NAA) –a metabolite confined solely to neurons– in CEST MRI experiments, thus imparting specificity towards the neuronal population; combining this specificity enhancement with diffusion MRI sequences that are extraordinarily sensitive to cellular sizes, and hence are able to sense subtle cell-swellings arising upon neuronal firing. This new method, which we term neuronal-MRI (nMRI) will thus report on neuronal swellings, and as such reflect activity directly. 2. Implementing ultra-fast imaging techniques based on data multiplexing and the latest compressed sensing frameworks to nMRI, such that the 50 ms timescale can be reached with full brain coverage. This will allow the measurement of fast neuronal activity dynamics in the brain. 3. Applying nMRI to study the auditory circuit as a model system in-vivo. In summary, we posit that nMRI –upon successful implementation and rigorous testing– will be highly impactful in many disciplines, and pave the way to study the neuronal population in health and disease.

Keywords: chemical exchange saturation transfer,n acetyl aspartate,neuronal activity,magnetic resonance,brain dynamics,optogenetics
Eldercare Policy Implications on the Time Use Patterns and Quality of Life of the Elderly and Elder Caregivers in Europe, UK, US, and Japan (AgeingTimeUse)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The demographic trends in the ageing population suggest that the elderly will represent a substantial proportion of the population in most industrialised societies within the next 50 years. These trends indicate that countries will have to face tough social welfare decisions to make regarding the development of further strategies on how to ensure safe and dignified ageing of its growing population of the elderly. Many countries introduce a variety of strategies in their policies of support and quality of life for their elderly. There is a range of long-term care policies as well as formal care provision services available in the industrialised countries. However, the efficacy and sustainability of these strategies remain unclear. This research will analyse the effects of different policies and elderly care strategies in the select European, North American, and East Asian countries, focusing on the UK, US, and Japan. Using sequence analysis, multiple correspondence analysis, and multilevel models with access to supercomputer facilities at the University of Oxford, I plan to define the main typologies arising in the different countries, the effects of long-term care policy interventions and formal care services in these countries, and the demographic and resource-based antecedents of why such patterns and typologies arise. I will also analyse the strain in paid and unpaid work among elder caregivers as the result of different policy trajectories, as well as the effects on gender equality of the political choices. I have access to 6 different datasets to analyse for this project: ELSA (UK), UKTUS (UK), HRS (USA), ATUS (US), SHARE (Europe), and MTUS (Europe). The project will result in at least two peer-reviewed journal articles, two reports published as discussion papers, and four conference presentations.

Keywords: eldercare,elder caregivers,eldercare policies,elderly
aRTIFICIAL iNTELLIGENCE for the Deaf (aiD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Estonia,Cyprus,Greece,Greece,Belgium,United States,United Kingdom
Call: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2019-12-01
End date: 2023-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1587000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1587000.0
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

aiD pursues cross-disciplinary breakthrough innovation that builds and extends upon the latest academic research advances. Its overarching goal is to offer a comprehensive suite of solutions catering to deaf people communication needs. aiD has the following objectives: 1) Create multi-modal, high-accuracy deep learning models for deaf/hearing people interactive communication. 2) Develop deep network compression techniques for scaling the developed models to mobile devices. 3) Implement application pilots of immense practical importance that will be evaluated by the end-users. 4) Promote global-scale excellence in science by supporting the Consortium partners to become leading experts in their field and transfer their acquired expertise to research institutions, companies and the public. Our considered pilots deal with realistic operating environments that allow for end-user engagement and a solid exploitation plan: (i) an AR news service; (ii) an Automated Relay Service for emergencies; and (iii) an Interactive Digital Tutor application. We pursue technological development on multiple technological frontiers: signal processing, signal perception and generation via advanced ML, creation of virtual SL signals in an AR environment, and scalability of the developed technologies on commodity mobile devices, accessible to the vast majority of potential users. To achieve these objectives, aiD implements an inter-sectorial secondment program for Experienced Researchers (ERs) and Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) that fosters knowledge exchange between academic experts and industrial leaders in bleeding-edge technological fields. The social significance and bleeding-edge nature of our endeavors has resulted in the aiD consortium having already attracted the strong interest and commitment of a number of important supporting institutions. These will provide: i) a large end-user base; ii) deep knowledge of deaf people needs; and iii) vast dissemination and exploitation avenues.

Keywords: sign language,social computing,accessibility and inclusion