Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Firms, International Trade, and Aggregate Fluctuations (FIRMSFLUCTUATIONS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223002.2
EU funding (EUR): 223002.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will provide a detailed account of the role of individual firms in generating aggregate fluctuations using data covering the universe of French firms for the period 1990-2007, and highlight the importance of international trade in the analysis of of firm shocks and aggregate volatility. The project will complete six objectives. First, it will lead to the construction of a new firm-level dataset that merges firm domestic and export sales, along with other firm-level characteristics. Second, it will provide new methodology to identify firm-level idiosyncratic shocks by exploiting the export-orientation of firms, and estimate these shocks. Third, it will quantify the contribution of the idiosyncratic shocks to the volatility of aggregate sales growth. Fourth, it will measure the importance of firm-level interconnectedness in propagating idiosyncratic shocks into aggregate volatility. Fifth, it will estimate how a firm’s export and import orientations affect its exposure to shocks, as well as its ability to diversify risk. Sixth, it will quantify the implications of firms’ export and import orientations on aggregate volatility.

Keywords: aggregate volatility,international trade,firm-level shocks,large firms,linkages
Network of the first farmers - anticipation of European Union 8000 years ago (NETWORKEU8000)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 248379.6
EU funding (EUR): 248379.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project is a migration study of a compact population group into a new natural-climatic zone and its existence in new cultural surroundings. As example will be given the Linear Pottery (LBK) and Starčevo Cultures. They were the first farmers in Central and South-East Europe, existed in neighbouring territories and were synchronous during 250 years from 5650 to 5400 BC. This research includes several aspects: • Economic/social reasons for migrations; • Adaptation of newcomers to the new environments; • Changes in the culture of the newcomers; • Formation of the new culture with syncretic traditions as a result of the coexistence of two cultural groups. This research is interdisciplinary: • Typology is applied for the analysis of archaeological materials. • Radiocarbon dates define a sequence of cultural changes and a scheme of cultural interactions. • The detailed scheme of climatic changes will be used to give an explanation of this Starčevo migration, the origins of the LBK and forms of adaptation of the first farmers. • The comparative-historical method with the use of ethnographical data will allow reconstructing the forms of human adaptation to climatic changes and different types of cultural contacts. Contacts between these cultures belonged to the non-directed type, when the innovations were integrated into another culture according to cultural interests. However the formation of LBK was associated with another type of contact, when during distribution of the new cultural group in local surroundings a merging of both cultures with a predominance of the intrusive culture took place. Our model of "cultural transfer" will include an adaptation of new elements by separate individuals with their distribution among members of the society due to factors of prestige/practical significance, the modification of their shape and/or semantic content in the final integration into the cultural matrix.
Human-bird interactions from the Roman period to the end of the Middle Ages: Italy and England in their European context (HUBIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-10-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The political and financial crisis that brought about the collapse of the Roman Empire caused important historical and cultural changes at the Roman-Middle Ages transition. Bird bones recovered from archaeological sites may contribute to our understanding of this important historical process as they are part of the wider material culture of past human societies. They are particularly suited to reflect the complex network of economic, social, religious, political and domestic circumstances and behaviours which characterise past human communities. The project will apply a much needed rigorous scientific approach to the study of bird remains from Italian and British archaeological sites dated to the Roman and Middle Ages periods. Questions such as the development of bird husbandry techniques, the relative importance of different species, their use in ritual activities and the association between birds, social status and environmental changes will be investigated. The research will expand the results of previous work using new zooarchaeological methods (diagnostic zone analysis, observation of butchery marks and biometric analysis), which, in conjunction with the written sources and historical components, will guarantee a holistic approach to the research questions. The project will be particularly innovative in applying such interest to the historical period, to a relative neglected but very important cultural transition (i.e. Roman-medieval) and also by placing its main case studies - Roman and medieval Italy - in their European context. The project will also represent an excellent example of how the barriers between research in humanities and science can be brought down to approach the evidence in a fully interdisciplinary mode. The project will provide evidence that is likely to be of long-lasting effect on research, both in terms of data and approaches, some of which will be entirely new for either or both the study areas.

Keywords: ornithoarchaeology,italy,britain,roman period,middle ages,bird bones,mortality patterns,biometry,butchery,falconry,social status,climatic and environmental changes.
Non Perturbative Physics at Finite Temperature: Field Theory and Holography (GAUGEGRAVITYMUNICH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 216952.8
EU funding (EUR): 216952.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The principal thrust of this project is to study the non-perturbative nature of fundamental interactions at zero and finite temperature and chemical potential, mainly focused on Quantum Chromodynamics, but also Higgs physics and condensed matter systems. This research includes the study of hydrodynamic properties of relativistic fluids and their implications for the quark-gluon plasma, the physics of the quark-antiquark interaction in a thermal medium and its implications for the heavy-light meson spectrum, anomalous processes in condensed matter systems as well as a holographic study of the Higgs boson. It will make use of several techniques based on AdS/CFT formalism, which imply analytical and numerical resolution of differential equations, thermal field theory computations, etc, for which the fellow has a previous vast experience since his PhD period. The research plans during the 2 years of the Marie Curie research fellow can be summarized in four main research lines: 1) Hydrodynamics of relativistic fluids and anomalies. 2) Physics of heavy quarks and Polyakov loop. 3) Study of a holographic approach for Weyl semi-metals. 4) Holographic realization of the Higgs boson: study of properties of a naturally light dilaton. It is worth mentioning that the project is ambitious but feasibly, and the fellow plans to study a wide variety of topics which, on the other hand, reflect his broad experience in nuclear, particle and theoretical physics. It will have important implications for heavy ion physics (RHIC and LHC), current studies of the Higgslike resonance at LHC, condensed matter physics and cosmology. It will be carried out with the collaboration of the members of the group of Prof. Johanna Erdmenger, including their two postdocs and six graduate students.

Keywords: quantum field theory at finite temperature,quantum chromodynamics,effective field theories,ads/cft,hydrodynamics,transport coefficients,quark gluon plasma,anomalies,condensed matter,superconductors
Natural responses to past North Atlantic Oscillations: Southern Iberian Peninsula vs. United Kingdom. Analogues for future environmental changes (NAOSIPUK)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall theme of this proposal is to reconstruct ancient environments using multidisciplinary approaches to understand the past, the present, and, if it is possible, predict the future. In general terms, I propose to study the organic geochemical and isotopic composition of biomarkers in lacustrine and peat bog sediments from two key regions: southern Iberian Peninsula and the United Kingdom, in order to decipher the climatic changes occurred during the Holocene (last 10 kyrs), the natural responses of organisms and ecosystems under different plausible environmental scenarios, and the human impact. In fact, different environmental risks can be detected in these two regions: while drought frequency is increasing in southern Iberian Peninsula (a sensitive area), flooding and erosion, boosted by high precipitations, are increasing in UK. Therefore, understanding natural changes during the last 10 kyr is key to predicting how the environments of Europe will respond in the present and future, and how they will affect to the human activities. These different climatic and environmental situations are affected by different variables, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Among other reconstructions, this study will assess the NAO, a major climate mode affecting weather and climate patterns across Europe, and the ecosystem response to long-term NAO variability both prior to and after human-induced warming. This reconstruction will be possible by the integration of the organic and isotopic data analysed during this project, as well as other complimentary proxies available from these regions, such as pollen or inorganic geochemistry. This Marie Curie fellowship will allow me to be trained in new organic geochemistry methodologies and techniques (biomarkers) in order to quantify these past climates changes and environmental responses, unravelling some problems that remain unresolved by traditional techniques.

Keywords: paleoclimatology - paleoecology - geochemistry - holocene - climatology and climate change- north atlantic oscillation- biomarkers - paleolimnology - paleoenvironmets - western europe
Structural Vaccinology to drive the design and optimization of protein antigens for a multicomponent vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus (SV-STAPH-VAX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187414.8
EU funding (EUR): 187414.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important bacterial pathogens causing human death and disease on a global scale (Klevens, 2007). The rapid generation of antibiotic resistance, coupled with the frequency and severity of staphylococcal disease, underlie the increasing medical need to combat S. aureus infections. As an alternative to inadequate antibiotic therapies, we are dedicating efforts to develop a preventative staphylococcal vaccine. Previously, multiple capsular polysaccharides, or single antigenic proteins have been tested as staphylococcal vaccines, but all have failed in clinical trials, likely for reasons that we have reviewed (Bagnoli, 2012). Expert opinion now advocates a multi-protein vaccine strategy that could raise a broadly protective immune response, neutralizing pathogenic virulence factors like surface lipoproteins and families of secreted pore-forming toxins. To this end, we used Reverse Vaccinology to identify protective staphylococcal antigens that generated immunity in mice against diverse clinical S. aureus isolates (see Mishra, 2012). Additional candidates have been highlighted in the literature, including the leukotoxin LukED which targets the human CCR5 receptor (Alonzo, 2013). To ensure the development of efficacious and safe vaccine antigens, the research project proposes the structure-based optimization of two candidate antigens: (i) an antigen engineered from the Csa protein family that we recently discovered and characterized (Schluepen, 2013) and (ii) an engineered detoxified leukotoxin-E antigen. We recently determined and released the crystal structures of two Csa proteins and of LukE. As pioneers of Structural Vaccinology (Scarselli, 2011; Dormitzer, 2012), we are now ideally poised to exploit this high-resolution information which, coupled with our immunological data, represents an unprecedented knowledgebase to drive the development of a multicomponent vaccine to protect humans against staphylococcal disease.

Keywords: healthcare,global human pathogen,staphylococcus,lifesaving vaccine,structural vaccinology,protein engineering,epitope mapping,conserved staphylococcal antigen,leukotoxin
Multiscale Numerical Methods for Inverse Problems Governed By Partial Differential Equations (MULTISCALE INVERSION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 264079.8
EU funding (EUR): 264079.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Inverse problems that are governed by partial differential equations arise in many applications in computational science and engineering. Solving these large scale problems is a real challenge to the existing numerical methods, as they are generally highly ill-posed and non-convex. These difficulties are usually handled by introducing statistical Bayesian estimation methods that promote a-priori knowledge to the problems. Such methods address the uncertainties in the inverse problems, such as the noise and unknown parameters, so that the solution of the inverse problems is meaningful and realistic. Additionally, numerically solving these large-scale problems requires highly efficient and scalable numerical methods, which are still missing or inadequate for many applications. Multiscale and multigrid methods are extremely efficient and scalable for some applications, but there are other problems that still pose severe challenges. In this research I plan to study two problems: one is the challenging inverse wave equation, which appears in many applications such as seismic exploration of reservoirs, and medical imaging. The other problem is the rather unexplored 4D imaging of flow in porous media, used for monitoring of reservoirs, carbon sequestration among other applications. I plan to develop efficient multiscale (and multigrid) methods for some of the key ingredients of the numerical solution of these problems. Such methods may enable a scalable and efficient solution of these inverse problems. In particular, to solve the inverse wave equation, one needs to efficiently solve the Helmholtz equation, which is still considered an open question. Another example is a multiscale approach for efficiently estimating an inverse of a covariance matrix given a few measurements. This problem lies in the heart of statistical Bayesian estimation methods, and it can be addressed if one considers the structure of the covariance for the problems of interest.

Keywords: inverse wave equation,seismic exploration,helmholtz equation,pde constrained optimization,uncertainty quantification,4d imaging,history matching,flow in porous media.
Mapping the face in the somatosensory brainstem: genetic and activity-dependent mechanisms. (TOPO_HOX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207928.8
EU funding (EUR): 207928.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Somatosensory information from the physical world is accurately relayed from body surface receptors to brain cortex through topographic connectivity maps enabling to spatially locate and distinguish stimuli such as touch, temperature, proprioception (body position), and nociception (pain). This organization provides a somatosensory body-map representation in the brain exemplified by the concept of sensory homunculus. In mammals, the cortical representation of face receptors has a prominent role in fine tactile discrimination, taking-up more cortical space than other body parts. This is more striking in the cortical representation of the rodent whisker pad through the trigeminal circuit. Inputs from single whiskers cluster into discrete anatomical and functional cortical units, the barrels, which faithfully reproduce the whisker spatial arrangement on the rodent face. Whisker-related neuronal aggregates are also observed in brainstem and thalamic subcortical stations relaying the input to the cortex, maintaining a somatotopic point-to-point representation throughout the entire pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms of whisker-to-barrel topographic map formation, especially at subcortical level, remain poorly understood. This proposal focuses on the development of whisker-related circuitry and ascending pathways in the brainstem trigeminal sensitive column. I will investigate intrinsic (genetic) and extrinsic (sensory activity-dependent) mechanisms establishing whisker maps in the Principal (PrV) and Spinal (SpV) nuclei, the brainstem relay stations where whisker-related neuronal modules, or barrelettes, are firstly formed. Using ad hoc genetic tools, virus-based transynaptic circuit tracing techniques, and functional analysis of relevant homeobox transcription factors and neurotrasmitter receptors, I will investigate rostrocaudal specification of PrV vs. SpV barrelette neurons, as well as the establishment and refinement of their input-output connectivity.

Keywords: brainstem,hindbrain,rhombomere,somatosensory,hox genes,prv,spv,vpm,thalamus,development,topographic maps,lemniscal,extralemniscal,neural activity,axonal competition.
Of mice and rats: a new molecular palaeobiological approach and best practice in divergence time estimation (MURINEVOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The extinct organisms can provide crucial information about the origin and time of origination of extant groups. Development of phylogenetic methods for the study of evolutionary processes through time have revolutionized the field of evolutionary biology and resulted in an unprecedented expansion of our knowledge about the tree of life. These methods have shed light on the macroevolution of many taxonomic groups. Despite the increase of studies addressing the diversification patterns of organisms, no synthesis has addressed the case of the most diversified mammalian clade: the Rodentia. The most important subfamily of rodents is the Murinae (Old World mice and rats). Their outstanding diversity, combined with the richness of their fossil record, makes them the best suitable model to study the factors that promote morphological diversity and trigger evolutionary radiations, which are key components of the great tree of life. An essential question in evolutionary biology is to understand the processes that drive high diversity of some clades. Are they linked to the appearance of key innovations or to environmental and biogeographic changes? This project aims by new numerical comparative phylogenetic methods to unravel for the first time the relationships of this important group of rodents. This will provide not only the key means of clock calibration but also the knowledge of the mechanism underlying the origin of novelties in this group. The results will demonstrate the importance of cladistic analyses including extant and extinct members of a clade to accurately calibrate phylogenies and to explore the correlation between phenotypic innovations, biogeographic events, climatic changes and diversification inside this group. Resolving the phylogeny of the Murinae will greatly benefit such diverse fields as Old World biogeography, biodiversity, mammalian paleontology, mammalian molecular-clock studies, and even virology, immunology, and related biomedical fields.

Keywords: fossils,rodentia,murinae,cenozoic,cladistics,morphology,synchrotron,molecular palaeobiology,tip-calibration,divergence time estimation,molecular clock,palaeobiodiversity,palaeobiogeography