Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
EUROPEAN DIGITAL UNIVERCITY - RESEARCH AND INNOVATION WITH AND FOR SOCIETY (EDUC-SHARE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Science with and for Society
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Hungary,France,France,Czechia
Call: Support for the Research and Innovation Dimension of European Universities (Part I) (H2020-IBA-SwafS-Support-1-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2024-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 7
Project status: SIGNED

At a time when we are coping a series of societal challenges there is an urgent need for a fully-implemented European Research Area allowing free circulation of knowledge, involving societal actors in the whole research and innovation process in order to better align its objectives with the values, needs and expectations of society. Through EDUC-SHARE, the European Digital UniverCity (EDUC) ambitions to turn its Alliance into a fully integrated university which meets all its missions (education, research and innovation at the European scale), that will give full importance to European citizens’ participation to identify and solve current and future challenges in an Open-Science-oriented approach, while promoting EU values and fundamental rights. The EDUC-SHARE project aims to deepen ongoing transformation and institutional changes of both the EDUC university members and the alliance as a whole, based on their own identified needs with an Open-Science-oriented evolution of practices. As part of its deployment, EDUC-SHARE will identify barriers at the institutional, local, national or European levels that will be reported to the relevant authorities in order to lower them for achieving a full integration of its proposed actions at the alliance or inter-alliance level. The EDUC alliance will then serve as a model of implemented European Research Area (ERA) and European Higher Education Area (EHEA) by creating a favourable, inclusive, environment interconnecting research and innovation ecosystems of its university members to speed up technology transfer taking into account citizens' concerns in policy making.

Keywords: key global challenges,citizen engagement,open science,responsible research and innovation,career development,hrs4r,knowledge and innovation transfer
Signal processing and Learning Applied to Brain data (SLAB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: France,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1492252.5
EU funding (EUR): 1380141.59
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding how the brain works in healthy and pathological conditions is considered as one of the challenges for the 21st century. After the first electroencephalography (EEG) measurements in 1929, the 90’s was the birth of modern functional brain imaging with the first functional MRI and full head magnetoencephalography (MEG) system. In the last twenty years, imaging has revolutionized clinical and cognitive neuroscience. After pioneering works in physics and engineering, the field of neuroscience has to face two major challenges. The size of the datasets keeps growing. The answers to neuroscience questions are limited by the complexity of the signals observed: non-stationarity, high noise levels, heterogeneity of sensors, lack of accurate models. SLAB will provide the next generation of models and algorithms for mining electrophysiology signals which offer unique ways to image the brain at a millisecond time scale. SLAB will develop dedicated machine learning and signal processing methods and favor the emergence of new challenges for these fields. SLAB focuses on five objectives: 1) source localization with M/EEG for brain imaging at high temporal resolution 2) representation learning to boost statistical power and reduce acquisition costs 3) fusion of heterogeneous sensors 4) modeling of non-stationary spectral interactions to identify functional coupling between neural ensembles 5) development of fast algorithms easy to use by non-experts. SLAB aims to strengthen mathematical and computational foundations of brain data analysis. The methods developed will have applications across fields (computational biology, astronomy, econometrics). Yet, the primary impact of SLAB will be on neuroscience. The tools and high quality open software produced in SLAB will facilitate the analysis of electrophysiology data, offering new perspectives to understand how the brain works at a mesoscale, and for clinical applications (epilepsy, autism, tremor, sleep disorders).
Manufacturing of Artificial Bone for Repair and Regeneration of Large Osseous Defects (ART-BONE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-03
End date: 2020-12-05
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175866.0
EU funding (EUR): 175866.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Implant biomaterials currently used for bone repair and regeneration often cause inflammation responses, and possess suboptimal osseointegration capability and osteoconduction ability. These significant clinical problems are due to their chemical, structural and physical properties which differ greatly with respect to a natural bone tissue. ART-BONE aims to overcome these limitations via an innovative, nanotechnology strategy for the manufacturing of a new type of synthetic biomaterial that precisely mimics bone tissue features. This strategy pairs 3D printing technology with a bottom-up process in which the elementary building blocks of bone (hydroxyapatite crystals, collagen fibrils, water molecules, active bioorganic molecules) are combined to reconstruct the overall architecture and chemical composition of a natural bone tissue. In parallel, numerous materials characterization techniques (solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning helium ion microscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, etc.) will be applied to scrutinize the finalized synthetic biomaterial; and the experiment conditions will be adjusted accordingly to ensure its biomimicry with native tissues. The novelty of this strategy resides in the fact that the experimental approach is inspired by the latest concepts in bone biomineralization, and enables the design of highly biomimetic, synthetic biomaterials in terms of chemical, structural and physical properties. This strategy must not only guarantee the biocompatibility of the finalized synthetic biomaterial and prevent inflammatory responses, but also insure a good adhesion to the surrounding bone tissue following implantation. Such highly biomimetic, synthetic biomaterial possesses, in theory, optimal osteointegration capacity and osteoconduction ability, and will offer an appealing alternative to the clinical “gold standard” autografts in the future.

Keywords: bone,biomaterial,bioengineering,regenerative medicine,biomineralization,bone repair,bone regeneration,biomimetic,artificial bone,translational medicine,bone graft,bone substitute,alloplast
Developement of compact single-cycle light sources (CoSiLiS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the CoSiLiS research action is developement and exploitation of light sources delivering ultrashort pulses in the single-cycle regime, i.e. the pulse envelope duration is no longer than a single oscillation of the optical carrier wave. This will be achieved using recently discovered temporal dissipative soliton formation in microresonators with high optical Q-factors and anomalous dispersion. The ultrashort pulse formation is guided by the strong Kerr nonlinearity in tight confinement waveguide structures. Balancing the parametric nonlinear gain and the waveguide loss along with the nonlinear pulse compression and dispersive pulse spreading in the resonator leads to the formation of soliton pulse trains with repetition rates in the microwave to terahertz spectral region. Advanced dispersion engineering techniques, such as hybrid strip-slot waveguides will be implemented to generate fully coherent pulse trains with super-octave spectral bandwidth directly from a continous-wave laser in the integrated photonics platform and compress them to pulse durations equivalent a single optical cycle of the carrier wave. Such ultrafast and broadband light sources bear tremendous application potential in biological and chemical spectroscopy applications. Furthermore, the proposed research action aims to bridge the topical fields of attosecond science and integrated photonics by providing sources of ultrafast phase controlled photonic waveforms capable of initiating and probing dynamics on the one-femtosecond timescale of its asymetric electric field crests. As a proof-of-principle experiment we intend to measure light-field driven electric currents at microwave repetition rates using an integrated photonics source.

Keywords: kerr,solitons,frequency combs,mid infrared,multidimensional
Fault Tolerant High Performance Computing (FTHPC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2025-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1824467.0
EU funding (EUR): 1824467.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Supercomputers are strategically crucial for facilitating advances in science and technology: in climate change research, accelerated genome sequencing towards cancer treatments, cutting edge physics, devising engineering innovative solutions, and many other compute intensive problems. However, the future of super-computing depends on our ability to cope with the ever increasing rate of faults (bit flips and component failure), resulting from the steadily increasing machine size and decreasing operating voltage. Indeed, hardware trends predict at least two faults per minute for next generation (exascale) supercomputers. The challenge of ascertaining fault tolerance for high-performance computing is not new, and has been the focus of extensive research for over two decades. However, most solutions are either (i) general purpose, requiring little to no algorithmic effort, but severely degrading performance (e.g., checkpoint-restart), or (ii) tailored to specific applications and very efficient, but requiring high expertise and significantly increasing programmers' workload. We seek the best of both worlds: high performance and general purpose fault resilience. Efficient general purpose solutions (e.g., via error correcting codes) have revolutionized memory and communication devices over two decades ago, enabling programmers to effectively disregard the very likely memory and communication errors. The time has come for a similar paradigm shift in the computing regimen. I argue that exciting recent advances in error correcting codes, and in short probabilistically checkable proofs, make this goal feasible. Success along these lines will eliminate the bottleneck of required fault-tolerance expertise, and open exascale computing to all algorithm designers and programmers, for the benefit of the scientific, engineering, and industrial communities.

Keywords: parallel computing,fault tolerancy
Transoceanic Fishers: Multiple mobilities in and out of the South China Sea (TransOcean)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: Norway
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499989.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499989.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

In recent years, China’s and Vietnam’s militarized and subsidized fishing fleets have begun to shift their radical marine harvesting techniques, and accompanying trade, from the South China Sea to Africa and Oceania. Scholarly analysis has largely assumed that fishers are instruments of their states’ geopolitical agendas, responding to regulations and incentives. This both obscures the actual motivations and modalities of fishers’ expansion of their fishing grounds and downplays the transoceanic networks connecting different fishers beyond state territories and localized fishing grounds in past and present. Charting this spike in maritime trespass, TransOcean will analyze and theorize how individuals and groups of fishers move in and out of legal and illegal, state and non-state categories of fisher, poacher, trader and smuggler, and how the emergent mobilities of Asian fishers interact and collide with those of Pacific and African fishers. Deploying the innovative concept of relational and shifting multiple mobilities and employing thalassographic analysis, TransOcean develops a novel theoretical and methodological framework of fishers as mobile maritime actors who exploit their multiple occupations, incomes and networks to pursue transoceanic expansion. TransOcean studies, for the first time, diverse groups of interconnected fishers outside of territorially bounded fisheries and area studies, by analyzing mobilities beyond sea-borne migration or diasporic settlement. Though multi-scalar and globally oriented TransOcean remains firmly rooted in fine-grained ethnography, with a focus on Vietnamese and Chinese and African and Pacific fishers in specific on-shore nodal points, connected by the growing Sino-Vietnamese demand for illicit seafood. Thus, TransOcean breaks new methodological and theoretical ground for tackling intractable marine problems of significant scientific and policy value.

Keywords: fishers,transoceanic expansion,multiple mobilities,thalassography,ethnography,anthropology,illegal fishing,poaching,smuggling,trading,trespassing
The Claustrum: A Circuit Hub for Attention (CLAUSTRUM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2024-02-29
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1995000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1995000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Our senses face a constant barrage of information. Hence, understanding how our brain enables us to attend to relevant stimuli, while ignoring distractions, is of increasing biomedical importance. Recently, I discovered that the claustrum, a multi-sensory hub and recipient of extensive neuromodulatory input, enables resilience to distraction. In my ERC project, I will explore the mechanisms underlying claustral mediation of resilience to distraction and develop novel approaches for assessing and modulating attention in mice, with implications for humans. Transgenic mouse models that I identified as enabling selective access to claustral neurons overcome its limiting anatomy, making the claustrum accessible to functional investigation. Using this novel genetic access, I obtained preliminary results strongly suggesting that the claustrum functions to filter distractions by adjusting cortical sensory gain. My specific aims are: 1) To delineate the mechanisms whereby the claustrum achieves sensory gain control, by applying in-vivo cell-attached, multi-unit and fiber photometry recordings from claustral and cortical neurons during attention-demanding tasks. 2) To discriminate between the functions of the claustrum in multi-sensory integration and implementation of attention strategies, by employing multi-sensory behavioral paradigms while modulating claustral function. 3) To develop validated complementary physiological and behavioral protocols for adjusting claustral mediation of attention via neuromodulation. This study is unique in its focus and aims: it will provide a stringent neurophysiological framework for defining a key mechanism underlying cognitive concepts of attention, and establish a novel platform for studying the function of the claustrum and manipulating its activity. The project is designed to achieve breakthroughs of fundamental nature and potentially lead to diagnostic and therapeutic advances relevant to attention disorders.

Keywords: claustrum,attention,distraction,neural circuits,behavior,electrophysiology,transgenic mice,viruses
Science in the City (SitC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European researchers' Night
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Malta
Call: European Researchers' Night (H2020-MSCA-NIGHT-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2018-06-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 19.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261050.0
EU funding (EUR): 174000.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The Science in the City Consortium of Malta intends to engage the public within a framework of the Arts and Science, in 2018 and 2019, as successfully conducted since 2012. In 2018, the theme of the Festival will be Science is Culture, to show the public just how much science affects the way we live our lives and how we, in turn, affect the direction of research. The festival will be held in Valletta, European Capital of Culture 2018 and UNESCO world heritage site. The consortium is working to empower children and youths to consider scientific careers by helping researchers engage with Maltese citizens. The festival will show that researchers come from all backgrounds with valid, exciting and rewarding careers. SitC will make science fun and accessible to all. The idea is to use creativity to capture visitors' interest and encourage a passion for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects. For ERN, Valletta will come alive with art, music, hands-on experiments, spectacular science shows, theatre and comedy inspired by scientific concepts, technology or the lives and works of inspirational scientists. This attractive platform will present researchers at every activity to discuss scientific research directly to the public. The aim is to raise the number of visitors to 30,000 by 2019, and reach most of the citizens through our awareness campaign.

Keywords: researchers,interactive,innovative,impact,careers,families,culture,arts,heritage,malta,media,students,science communication,society,teenagers
Dare to Approach: A Neurocognitive Approach to Alleviating Persistent Avoidance in Anxiety Disorders (DARE2APPROACH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

How did three soldiers override their initial freezing response to overpower an armed terrorist in the Thalys-train to Paris in 2015? This question is relevant for anyone aiming to optimize approach-avoidance (AA) decisions during threat. It is particularly relevant for patients with anxiety disorders whose persistent avoidance is key to the maintenance of their anxiety. Computational psychiatry has made great progress in formalizing how we make (mal)adaptive decisions. Current models, however, largely ignore the transient psychophysiological state of the decision maker. Parasympathetic state and flexibility in switching between para- and sympathetic states are directly related to freezing, and are known to bias AA-decisions toward avoidance. The central aim of this research program is to forge a mechanistic understanding of how we compute AA-decisions on the basis of those psychophysiological states, and to identify alterations in anxiety patients in order to guide new personalized neurocognitive interventions into their persistent avoidance. I will develop a neurocomputational model of AA-decisions that accounts for transient psychophysiological states, in order to define which decision parameters are altered in active and passive avoidance in anxiety. I will test causal premises of the model using state-of-the-art techniques, including pharmacological and electrophysiological interventions. Based on these insights I will for the first time apply personalized brain stimulation to anxiety patients. Clinically, this project should open the way to effective intervention with fearful avoidance in anxiety disorders that rank among the most common, costly and persistent mental disorders. Theoretically, conceptualizing transient psychophysiological states as causal factor in AA-decision models is essential to understanding passive and active avoidance. Optimizing AA-decisions also holds broad societal relevance given currently increased fearful avoidance of outgroups.

Keywords: approach avoidance decisions,fearful avoidance,freezing behavior,psychophysiology,anxiety disorders,brain stimulation