Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Satellite Seafloor Survey Suite (4S)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Theme: Enabling exploitation of space data
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Germany,Sweden,Greece,Jamaica,Netherlands,Portugal
Call: Copernicus market uptake (H2020-SPACE-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-11-01
End date: 2023-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2672650.0
EU funding (EUR): 2214145.0
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

4S will address a current data and solution gaps from coastal and offshore stakeholders, which are the ability to generate and access spatial and recent information on seabed, such as benthic habitat, morphology, depth and change and trends. Digital information on these are crucial to respond to EC maritime directive, environmental impact studies and engineering offshore activities. We will address this gap by developing an online, cloud based software, named 4S – Satellite Seafloor Survey Suite – which empowers the users to benefit from satellite capabilities and specific aquatic EO algorithms. 4S Suite will have APIs allowing to integrate it into hydrographic software and user’s workflows, as will developed and demonstrated. 4S will harness Copernicus data together with US satellite lidar data and – optionally – integrate client airborne (drone) imagery and on-site data. The underlying algorithms, which will reach highest TRL level during the project duration, will address aspects of physical modelling, machine learning and sensor fusion procedures and will introduce breakthroughs of the current state of the art. Both, algorithm innovations and the webapp, will be jointly designed and evaluated with the users, of which some are part of the project team. Other stakeholders, many of which have signed supporting letters, will participate in 7 use cases which cover four countries, the Caribbean and several selected sites globally. With this intense evaluation and co-design we will achieve a reliable evaluation of the process and global outreach to the offshore and coastal stakeholders. The development of a sustainable business based on 4S will be driven by the industry partners, which contribute with 52% of the workload. Based on the existing solution gap we expect a continuous and strong increase in the user uptake and thus economic sustainability, which will lead to the growth of the European blue economy and, as social benefit, directly respond to the UNSDG 14.

Keywords: seafloor,bathymetry,sensor fusion,copernicus,ec reporting,drone,unsdg14
Uncertainty, Risk and Inequality: The Role of Macroeconomic Policies and Institutions (MACROUNCERTINEQ)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-08-01
End date: 2018-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 957089.0
EU funding (EUR): 957089.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Macroeconomic policies and macroeconomic institutions influence aggregate outcomes along a number of significant dimensions. While the empirical literature has traditionally focussed on the direct effects on economic activity and inflation, little is known on the impact that policy and institutional changes exert on the macroeconomy through their indirect effects on the distribution of resources available to households and firms. This proposal describes my research agenda over the next five years to fill this important gap in academic and policy knowledge. The emphasis is on a new empirical framework to revisit the transmission mechanism of changes in macroeconomic policies and institutions through their (possibly unintended) consequences on uncertainty, risk and inequality across diverse groups of society and across countries. The proposed approach combines survey data, international evidence and a narrative identification of policy and institutional changes from the analysis of historical records. Another main contribution will be the development of analytical frameworks to account for the stylized facts uncovered by the proposed empirical approach. These include models of imperfect information on individual tax rates and inter-generational risk-sharing within households as well as characterizations of the way monetary institutions and labour market regulations interact to affect macroeconomic uncertainty and financial market volatility. The ambition is to generate a set of testable predictions that could then be used to identify and assess the relative merits of specific theoretical mechanisms in the data. On the policy side, this research will provide new estimates for the aggregate effects of government and monetary interventions. Furthermore, it will make it possible to identify the groups who have benefitted/suffered most from the specific changes that have dominated most of the recent past and whose redistributive implications appear so far overlooked.
Advanced Analytics Platform for Stroke Patients Rehabilitation (SWORD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme (implemented through the SME instrument) (H2020-SMEINST-2-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1314250.0
EU funding (EUR): 919975.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Annually, 16 million people worldwide suffer a stroke. From these, approximately 6.5 millions are left with some degree of physical impairment that will require long-term intensive and effective motor rehabilitation programs. Current traditional rehabilitation services are costly and highly dependent on (scarce) specialized human resources At SWORD Health we believe that the solution for this problem is in the wise combination of novel neuroscience-driven therapeutic methods with effective technologies that facilitate the dissemination of care and the use of all the knowledge produced in the rehabilitation of a large network of patients. Pursuing this vision, we have developed an innovative system that allows the sustainable delivery of a more efficient motor rehabilitation to stroke patients, providing a rich source of data for clinicians and decision makers. The SWORD system was specifically designed to be used by the patient at the hospital or at home, with little or no supervision, extending the therapeutic footprint and empowering the patient with his rehabilitation. The proposed system enables patients to accelerate their recovery with a more intensive and a higher quality therapy. At the same time, SWORD incorporates data mining algorithms specifically designed so that clinicians get continuous access to valuable data and advanced analytics, in order to coordinate teams, improve care, accelerate recovery and reduce time to achieve functional outcomes. For rehabilitation centres, the SWORD system allows for a higher profit margin per therapy unit through a more efficient allocation of specialized human resources. The SWORD project falls under the scope of the Call ICT-37-2014 - topic: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme. This is because the present project focus on an early-stage, high risk, innovative SME proposing an innovative ICT system that reinvents and ultimately disrupt the motor rehabilitation industry.

Keywords: stroke,rehabilitation
REsettable Hold-Down and Release ACTuator (REACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Theme: Enabling European competitiveness, non-dependence and innovation of the European space sector
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Spain,Germany,Spain,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Technologies for European non-dependence and competitiveness (H2020-COMPET-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2731560.54
EU funding (EUR): 2731451.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Unrestricted access to Space low shock non-explosive actuators has been identified as an urgent action by the European Commission, the European Space Agency and the European Defence Agency. Project REACT proposal is oriented to permit the unrestricted access of Europe to the technology of high reliable non-explosive actuators based on SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) technology. The REACT (REsettable Hold-Down and Release ACTuator) device is a new Hold Down and Release Actuator (HDRA) for space applications that have been developed as an improved alternative to currently available devices. Specifically, the proposed project is focused on develop low shock resettable Hold Down and Release actuators and qualify them integrated in real space final user space applications that require this release devices, such as big structures deployment, space science payload subsystems deployment, launchers subsystems deployment and small satellites subsystems deployment. The TRL (Technology Readiness Level) expected to be obtained once the project concluded shall be 8. REACT project is aimed to optimize and evolve standard REACT devices designs recently qualified up to TRL6 in order to match the requirements of specific applications demanded by the space market and generate a competitive range of products. The product optimized for space market applications will be able to replace and improve the performance of currently available US components in different areas of application (launchers, science, telecom and Earth Observation applications). REACT project contemplates to develop new SMA material manufacturing techniques and new SMA alloys that fit the specific requirements of the final users also involved in the project. In addition, research and improve the actuator tribology will be a technical objective to be addressed during the project development. Finally it is addressed a complete qualification campaign in order to upgrade to TRL8 the REACT models.

Keywords: hdra,hdrm,release actuator
Eliminating Oxygen Requirements in Yeasts (ELOXY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Panel description: Biotechnology using all organisms, biotechnology for environment and food applications, applied plant and animal sciences, bioengineering and synthetic biology, biomass and biofuels, biohazards
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2498150.0
EU funding (EUR): 2498150.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Replacement of petrochemistry-based transport fuels and bulk chemicals by industrial biotechnology requires cost-efficient microbial processes, whose feedstock-to-product conversion efficiencies approach theoretical maxima. For many products, such high efficiencies require anaerobic processes and, consequently, industrial microorganisms capable of robust anaerobic growth. Yeasts are robust micro-organisms but, with the notable exception of Saccharomyces species, they share an important limitation with most other eukaryotes: they cannot grow anaerobically. Even Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the yeast responsible for industrial fuel ethanol production in large-scale anaerobic processes, requires sterols and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) for anaerobic growth. Depletion of these anaerobic growth factors deteriorates its fermentation performance. Several ethanol-producing, non-Saccharomyces species have highly attractive properties for industrial application, including a much higher thermotolerance and broader substrate range than S. cerevisiae. However, in addition to sterol and UFA synthesis, these yeasts have other, unidentified oxygen requirements. Unless the molecular basis for these oxygen requirements is elucidated, their huge potential for sustainable production of biofuels and chemicals cannot be accessed by industry. This proposal addresses the fundamental scientific question why so many yeasts that can ferment sugars to ethanol are nevertheless unable to grow anaerobically. Moreover, by enabling anaerobic growth of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, it aims to build yeast platforms with unprecedented advantages for industrial biotechnology. The proposed innovative approach to these challenges integrates cutting-edge experimental techniques in quantitative physiology and comparative genomics of yeasts and anaerobic fungi, computational modelling, and synthetic-biology-assisted metabolic engineering of different yeast species.

Keywords: microbial physiology,metabolic engineering,biofuels,yeast,anaerobic processes
Micro-pyrites associated with organic material in ancient stromatolites: a new proxy attesting for their biogenicity (STROMATA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Switzerland,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-02-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 71.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1060250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1060250.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Identifying Archean fossil remains from the Earth’s early biosphere is ambitious and determining the biological origin and the associated metabolic pathways present in these fossils is one outstanding question in the bigger quest of how life evolved on Earth. Stromatolites and Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures (MISS) are considered as one of the earliest evidence of Life in Earth’s history, and can be found from the Archean to the present time. Stromatolites are “attached laminated, sedimentary growth structure accretionary away from a point of initiation”, and their morphological comparison with actual structure prevail for assessing the microbial origin of ancient stromatolite in the geological record. However, experimental studies have shown that abiotic precipitation can also form structures with a similar morphology. Therefore stable isotope proxies have been used to identify past microbial metabolisms even if abiotic processes can also produce similar isotope composition. Therefore new biogenicity criteria are needed to be determined by studying modern and ancient stromatolites and by comparing them to abiotic experiment. Stromatolites and MISS contain submicrometer sulfides (pyrite) that can have recorded large isotopic variations, interpreted as reflecting the influence of various microbial metabolisms like microbial sulfate reduction and iron respiration. STROMATA proposes to define new criteria based on actual stromatolite and to test the earliest traces of life by studying in situ these nano-pyrites in various emblematic and well-characterized samples from the Archean. STROMATA will be the first far-reaching scientific in situ study of nano-pyrite in ancient (3.4 to 1.9 Ga) and modern microbial mats and stromatolites and will compare the results with experimentally produced abiotic pyrite. Due to the small scale of the pyrite, STROMATA will develop an original in situ approach by combining state of art techniques, SIMS, NanoSIMS, FEG-TEM, XANES.

Keywords: origin of life,biogenicity,in situ approache,early earth,fe and s stable isotope proxies
Platelet tractions through the Glycoprotein (GP) GPIb receptor as a potential marker for platelet reactivity (ThromboForce)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-15
End date: 2019-06-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187866.0
EU funding (EUR): 187866.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Platelet-mediated thrombosis is a major cause of death and disability globally. Thrombosis occurs when platelets adhere and aggregate. In the arterial circulation initial platelet adhesion occurs when the platelet glycoprotein (GP) I-IX-V receptor binds to von Willebrand Factor (vWF). Increased or decreased expression levels of GPIb are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events and bleeding respectively. The expression of GPIb varies significantly among healthy subjects. The proposed project aims to characterise the role of GPIb expression levels on traction forces and platelet reactivity. It therefore combines my significant expertise in cellular mechanobiology and traction force microscopy with theclinical expertise of Prof Dermot Kenny’s group in platelet biology and the development of diagnostic assays for platelet function. A micropost array platform for high throughput, single cell, traction force measurements will be developed and applied to understand the interaction between GPIb traction forces andplatelet reactivity, first in healthy donors and then in patients with cardiovascular disease receiving antiplatelet therapy. This platform could in the future be further exploited for examining platelet function to further understand platelet cancer interactions, and for the innovation of refined diagnostics to assess platelet reactivity in individual patients. By moving from ETH Zurich to the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), this interdisciplinary and intersectoral action will allow me to gain expert knowledge on fundamental processes in vascular biology and to develop my expertise in a clinically relevant manner. The newly gained research and professional competences designed into the fellowship will greatly improve my chances of establishing a competitive independent research group in the newly founded RCSI Centre for Vascular Biology (CVB) in the near future at the interface of clinical research and biomedical diagnostics.

Keywords: platelets,thrombosis,cell adhesion,traction force microscopy,single cell analysis,automated microscopy
Detecting, Predicting and Protecting Pelagic Megafauna Hotspots in the Coral Sea (MEGAFAUNA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196707.84
EU funding (EUR): 196707.84
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The EU faces the challenge to protect pelagic biodiversity over immense Overseas Countries and Territories. However, cost-efficient, safe and reproducible methods are still missing for assessing the diversity and abundance of pelagic megafauna (marine mammals, sea turtles and sharks). We will adapt image-based surveys and deep learning—a new method based on artificial intelligence—to pelagic megafauna. A Coral Sea Nature Park (CSNP) was recently created in New Caledonia Overseas Territory but this area still lacks reserves in pelagic ecosystems. We will propose a reserve network that optimises the trade-off between critical habitat protection of pelagic megafauna and fisheries economic profitability in this area. This network will directly advise decision makers of the CSNP and help fulfil IUCN target of 30% of oceans protected by reserves by 2030. Our objectives are: RO1—Detect pelagic megafauna, RO2—Predict pelagic megafauna hotspots, and RO3—Protect hotspots in the Coral Sea. To reach RO1, image-based surveys will be conducted and megafauna will be automatically detected on images using deep learning. To reach RO2, habitat models will be used to predict megafauna diversity and abundance as a function of environmental variables. To reach RO3, fisheries economic data will be incorporated to propose a reserve network optimising both conservation and economic needs. This project will be jointly hosted by the Marine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation Laboratory (MARBEC) and the Montpellier Laboratory of Informatics, Robotics, and Microelectronics (LIRMM), both part of the University of Montpellier. Supervised by D. Mouillot (MARBEC) and M. Chaumont (LIRMM), I will receive the best appropriate interdisciplinary training. After an enriching research experience in the U.S, I aim to integrate a long-term research position in Europe. This fellowship would be a superb opportunity to develop an independent and innovative research project in marine numerical ecology.

Keywords: marine ecology,habitat modelling,marine mammals,sharks
Abandoning ship – sex and dormancy strategies in Daphnia (ESCAPE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2021-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ability to switch between sexual and asexual reproduction may be critical for many taxa when securing survival in varying environmental conditions. For these organisms, sex is often associated with harsh conditions, typically found at the end of the growing season. Sexual recombination in facultative sexuals commonly results in the formation of a dormant form that is considered a strategy to overcome adverse environmental conditions. When engaging in sex, organisms have been shown to specialize by producing males or sexual females, but not necessarily both, potentially reducing the chance of inbreeding. Sexual reproduction among those ‘gender specialists’ may vary with contrasting environments. The association between different environments and the production of a distinct phenotype (i.e., males or sexual females) suggests that sex specialisation may be adaptive. However, little is known about whether sex specialization is associated more with inbreeding avoidance or local adaptation. In the work proposed here, we will use the ecological and genomic model organism Daphnia to experimentally test if genetic variation in the production of males and ephippia is strongly environment dependent or not. Specifically, we will use a high-throughput phenotyping approach to assess genotype x environment interaction among 100 Daphnia pulex genotypes originating from a UK meta-population. We will also assess the molecular mechanisms that drive the production of males and ephippia. Using a gene expression approach, we aim to resolve the network of gene expressions that underpins the shift from diploid egg production to male and ephippia production. Obtained data will help to resolve whether inbreeding avoidance or local adaptation/dormancy underpins sexual specialisation. Findings from this work will advance our understanding of why and how facultative sexual reproduction is maintained in populations. Our conclusions will be relevant to evolutionary ecology and beyond.

Keywords: daphnia,sex specialisation,reaction norms,threshold model,environmental heterogeneity