Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Adaptations of the ATP synthesis machinery in bacteria and archaea to conditions of extreme energy limitation in the deep subsurface (ATP_ADAPT_LOW_ENERGY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2017-02-10
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221154.6
EU funding (EUR): 221154.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Microbes in the deep sub-seafloor have recently been found to survive under unprecedented conditions of extreme energy limitation. I aim to identify microbes in these deep subsurface communities with central energy metabolism that is adapted to these conditions. A combination of single-cell genomics and metagenomics will be used to identify members of the microbial community adapted to low energy flux by use of Na+-based chemiosmotic ATP synthesis. Following sequencing, genes encoding c subunits of the ATP synthase from the deep subsurface will be synthesized and expressed in E. coli to determine ATP synthase c ring stoichiometry. This project represents a novel approach to microbial ecology and physiology in energy-limited environments with a framework that combines state-of-the-art biogeochemistry, molecular microbial ecology, and biochemistry.

Keywords: deep subsurface / microbial ecology / metagenomics / single-cell genomics / extreme energy limitation / atp synthase / marine microbiology / biogeochemistry / biochemistry / structural biology
Genome-wide screen for new centrosome position regulators. (CENTROLOC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2017-05-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Centrosomes are the main microtubule-organizing centers in animal cells and their structure and function are extremely well conserved across evolution. Centrosome localization is a dynamic, cell cycle, and cell type regulated process that plays many critical roles in a variety of cell functions and animal development. I have recently published, as part of my work in the lab of Pierre Gönczy, a siRNA genome wide screen that has successfully identified new regulators of centriole duplication. In this work we have used a HeLa cell line stably expressing the centriolar protein Centrin-1 tagged to GFP. We have developed an algorithm to automatically identify GFP positive foci and use it to measure among other features centriole number. Remarkably, there is information that was extracted from the collection of images that remain to be analyzed and that can reveal new features about centrosome biology. One exciting example is the analysis of centriole position within the cell. I aim to use the data to identify new candidates required for proper centrosome localization in a genome-wide scale. The more straightforward way to achieve this goal will be to identify those conditions where centrosome position is not in close proximity to the nucleus. As a proof of principle I have searched in our database for genes previously reported in literature to influence centrosome-nucleus connection. Preliminary visual inspection showed examples where the percentage of cells displaying an increased nucleus-centriole distance was significantly higher than in control conditions (i.e. BICD2, CENP-F, DCTN1, Nesprin-3 and SUN-1). This preliminary data encourage me to embark on a more systematic and quantitative search of candidates in a genome-wide scale. In order to perform this project I will relocate to a more experience lab in the field of organelle positioning and centrosome-organelle interaction as it is the case of Dr. Rosa M. Rios laboratory located in a leading research institution.

Keywords: centrosome position,nucleus position,sun,kash,cilia,nucleus migration,centrosome migration,human cell biology.
Potential Antimalarial and Anticancer Lead Compound Discovery from Cameroonian Medicinal Plants (PLANTMEDS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Cameroon enjoys a rich biota including a plethora of medicinal plants, which have traditionally been used for hundreds of years to treat various ailments, and form the basis of the country’s primary healthcare system. Medicinal plants of the genera Fagara (F: Rutaceae), and Hannoa and Pierreodendron (F: Simaroubaceae) belong to the Cameroonian flora, and are used by the local people to treat malaria, cancer, rheumatism, bacterial infections, pain, inflammations, typhoid, skin infection and other serious disorders. Previous studies carried out on certain species of these genera afforded various phytochemicals (quassinoids, furoquinoleine, acridones, cathinone alcaloids, triterpenoids and steroids) and revealed interesting pharmacological properties (cytotoxicity, antiplasmadial activities). This project proposes to employ a combination of chemical fingerprinting-based dereplication, assay-guided fractionation and reversed-phase preparative high performance chromatographic methods to identify potential anticancer and antimalarial lead compounds from plants of the genera mentioned above, selected on the basis of ethnobotanical information as well as literature data. The structures of the isolated compounds will be elucidated by spectroscopic means (UV, IR, MS, NMR and X-ray). Structural modification to increase activity of compounds will be carried out applying modern semisynthetic approaches in order to establish structureactivity relationships. Total synthesis will also be carried out to increase to quantity of the lead compounds. Suitable in vitro bioassays, relevant to cytotoxicity, antimalarial and toxicity determination will be utilised to aid isolation processes as well as for the determination of bioactive potencies of the isolated lead compounds. The main objective is to discover and develop bioactive natural products and their analogues as clinical trial candidates.

Keywords: cameroonian rain forest plants - rutaceae and simaroubaceae plant family - phytochemical and pharmacological studies - antimalarial and anticancer active leads - semisynthesis
Interactive extremism. A comparative psychosocial study of the emotional dynamics of far 'right' extremisms in Germany and Great Britain (EXTREMISM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 110803.2
EU funding (EUR): 110803.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will focus on an international comparison of the interaction of extremist groups with the general public, an area where very little research has been done despite the ambitious European targets related to the intervention of and prevention of extremism. Due to the rise of Islamist and right-wing extremism in European countries, interventions are needed urgently. The primary objective is to analyse the psychosocial underpinnings of extremism in relation to the societies of Great Britain and Germany as a precondition to develop better means to deal with threats to democracy in the EU. We propose the psychosocial concept of 'interactive extremism' to grasp the relationship between the extremist groups and the population in Great Britain and in Germany, especially in the emotional public sphere. This notion of interactive extremism will firstly be applied to explore the interactions between the right-wing- extremist groups and the violent jihadist movement. Secondly, it will be applied to the interactions between the right-wing-extremist groups and the so-called centre of society. In a first phase, media analysis will be applied in the field of offline and online communications of right-wing-extremist and Islamist groups. In a second phase, we will conduct 16 focus groups in Germany and in GB. To analyse the data, we will follow a psychosocial and interdisciplinary approach in order to grasp the interaction of societal and psychological processes, including emotional and unconscious processes. This will result in mapping the psychosocial conditions under which escalation and de-escalation of extremisms are most likely to occur in order to develop counterstrategies to address extremism. We will follow a psychosocial approach in order to grasp the interaction of societal and psychological processes, including emotional and unconscious processes. Our approach is interdisciplinary, as it combines theories and methods of the disciplines of psychology, especially psychoanalysis, sociology, media studies and political science. With our new approach additional insights as follows will be gained: •Understanding of the extremist interactions between extremist groups and between extremist groups and the general public •Understanding of the internationalization of extremism

Keywords: right-wing-extremism,islamism,centre of society,media analysis,psychosocial,group discussions,germany,britain,international comparison
A unified framework for Perceptual Inference in Sensory cortices (CEMNET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The neural mechanisms that underlie perceptual inference in cortex are a matter of intense research. Neural models implementing Bayesian models have proved useful to uncover neural computations in a variety of paradigms. Still no existing neurocomputational model provides a general framework for understanding perception in naturalistic conditions. Indeed these models suffer from three shortcomings: i) they cannot perform accurate inference in naturalistic environments where numerous objects interact in complex fashion; ii) they cannot simultaneously represent likelihood estimates over the presence of several objects in the same graphical model; iii) they cannot deal with correlated sensory evidence, though such correlations are ubiquitous in sensory systems. We propose a new unifying model of perception called Constrained Entropy Maximization Network (CEMNet) that provides a theoretical framework for inference in complex naturalistic environments. CEMNet stores an internal model of the environment by representing regularities across stochastic variables as constraints; those constraints shape the response of the network. The aim of the project is to develop the computational model of CEMNet and test it empirically. We will first study how CEMNet can be implemented in a realistic neural network. Second, we will simulate the network and show that, unlike existing neural models, CEMNet can deal with the difficulties of inference in complex environments. Third, a behavioral experiment will monitor how human subjects integrate correlated sensory evidence. Last, we will probe the ability of human subjects to simultaneously maintain likelihood estimates over multiple interacting variables in an audiovisual motion integration paradigm. We will record neural signals in MagnetoEncephaloGraphy while subjects perform the task and look for a specific neural signature of CEMNet signals.

Keywords: computational neuroscience,theories of perception,predictive coding,neuroimaging,statistical inference
Ghosts in parthenogenetic daughters - epigenetic effects on clonal organisms can reveal the degree of phenotypic plasticity due to biotic cues (DGHOST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is increasing awareness of the importance of epigenetics in regulating phenotypic properties relevant to the ecology and evolution of all organisms. For ages, the waterflea Daphnia, has served as a model organism for ecological, evolutionary and toxicological studies. The efforts and results from Daphnia investigations recently have been rewarded by the National Institutes of Health adopting this species as its 13th model organism suitable for biomedical investigations. Now, it is emerging as a model organism for epigenetic research due to the wealth of information about ambient regulation of its evolutionary genetic responses to environmental cues. Best of all, Daphnia has a unique mode of reproduction, cyclical parthenogenesis, where under favourable conditions reproduces clonally. Yet males and sexual reproduction are inducible by environmental cues. Daphnia has a short generation time and should prove to be ideal for revealing epigenetic regulations when multigenerational exposure is of interest. As we share more genes with Daphnia than with any other invertebrate, knowledge of epigenetic regulation is of general relevance also for humans. Last 2.5 years, I maintain in culture several isoclonal lines of Daphnia (under different conditions) to understand the mechanisms of molecular responses to environmental challenges. I propose to take advantage of these unique resources to study how the transgenerational stressors due to environmental cues propagate on epigenetic markers of Daphnia, and how they modulate the expression of fitness-related traits. I will utilize unique clonal lines of Daphnia that have been exposed to different food (> 50 generations) as a point of departure for my studies. Together with epigenetic molecular tools, I proposed to develop a mechanistic understanding of how biotic stress can be propagated via epigenetics, and how (if) it associates with phenotypic plasticity in clonal organisms and quantify it as a reset coefficient.

Keywords: transgenerational effect,environmental epigenetic,evolution,diet,phosphorous,parasite,ecophisiology,male formation,biotic stress,phenotypic plasticity,daphnia,multigenerational exposure
Mediterranean insularities and ‘miniature continents’: Space, landscape and agriculture in early modern Cyprus and Crete. (MEDINS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Contributing to the growing field of spatial history, MEDINS enquires into the correlations between insular space and the development of economic structures in early modern Cyprus and Crete. In doing so, it will collect, process and analyse data revealing the patterns of agricultural production of two quintessential ‘miniature continents’ of the eastern Mediterranean in the seventeenth century. A recently-invigorated interest in the Mediterranean has contributed towards a better conceptualisation of the ‘great sea’ as a social, economic and cultural realm both for the purposes of scientific inquiry, and understanding the historical trajectory of contemporary phenomena. In this context, the study of insularity is an important analytical tool in Mediterranean studies. One of the emerging issues is the need to differentiate the meanings of insularity with reference to space and the size of islands as factors affecting their productive capacities and economic structures. Utilising the Braudelian concept of ‘miniature continents’ as its starting point, the project focuses on Cyprus and Crete in an initial attempt to articulate a typology of insular space. In reconstructing the agricultural landscape and cultivation in the two islands, the project will be based on the analysis of taxation and land registers from the Ottoman period. The collected data will be processed with the use of cartographic databases and digital mapping tools (G.I.S) in order to visually represent and analyse the movement, contraction, or proliferation of different crops at different points in time. The project provides the researcher with the opportunity of moving to a leading institution in its field, where he will be trained in new methods and skills, gain valuable experiences, expand his research networks, and enhance his career potential. It further aspires to engage with the media, educators, and the public at large.

Keywords: ottoman history,mediterranean history,history of cyprus,history of crete,greek history,insularity,economic history,spatial history,early modern history
Kinematic Identification of Developmental Disorders (KIDDS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166204.8
EU funding (EUR): 166204.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The high levels of deprivation and multi-ethnic nature of Bradford’s population make it an ideal setting in which start a developmental disorders epidemiologic study. Bradford is the 6th largest metropolitan borough in England with a population of ~ 500,000 and includes some of the most deprived areas in the UK. Problems which begin in early childhood often translate into lifelong inequalities in health and wellbeing. Sixty per cent of babies born in Bradford are born into the poorest 20% of the population of England and Wales based on the index of multiple deprivation (IMD). Therefore being able to deliver potentially beneficial interventions from as early as possible in a child’s life is vital to reduce inequalities. Bradford therefore also offers an invaluable opportunity to test intervention therapies in a manner which is sensitive to the wider issue of health inequalities. Early identification of developmental disorders will be effective in engaging and helping those individuals which are expected to be in most need of intervention and yet also some of the most difficult to reach. The main aims of the project are: 1. To identify a selection of children who may have Developmental disorders. 2. To profile in detail these children to identify exactly their difficulties. 3. To ascertain how these difficulties influence activities of daily living or academic performance. 4. To elaborate an individual intervention plan for each child including recommendation for parents/teachers.

Keywords: early identification and intervention on developmental disorders,movement impairments,learning difficulties,kinematic tools,developmental coordination disorder,epidemiologic study and cognition.
AUX-Variation - a corpus based study of AUX-Variation in Danish (AUX-VARIATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221154.6
EU funding (EUR): 221154.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project deals with the AUX-variation in Danish using the LANCHART corpus of spoken language. The four empirical studies take a more holistic approach to the study of language use and variation by combining corpus linguistic and variationist sociolinguistic approaches with quantitative statistical methods. Using multifactorial statistical methods, it is possible simultaneously to investigate the impact of various intra-linguistic and extra-linguistic factors as well as possible interactions between these. The project will contribute to my scholarly development: (I) by improving my methodological competences, (II) by enhancing my research profile, and (III) by extending my professional network and thereby opening up for long-terms research cooperation.

Keywords: language variation and change,corpus linguistics,aux,sociolinguistics,quantitative analysis
A Quantum RAM Using Superconducting Circuits and Donors in Silicon (QURAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum computers are devices poised to revolutionise aspects of society from fundamental science and medical research to national security. Superconducting circuits hold great promise for the development of large-scale quantum computers. However, superconducting processors currently lack a suitable memory element for the long-term storage of quantum information. The electron and nuclear spins of dopant atoms in silicon could provide a potential solution. Silicon can be isotopically purified in a nuclear spin-zero form, allowing exceptionally long spin coherence times. This research seeks to develop a quantum random access memory (quRAM), by storing the states from superconducting quantum bits in donor spins inside an isotopically enriched silicon chip.

Keywords: quantum memory,superconducting qubits,donor spin qubits,hybrid quantum systems,cavity quantum electrodynamics