Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The dark side of partial ownership and financial investment in Europe: What price to pay for consumers and society? (PARTOWNEU)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191852.16
EU funding (EUR): 191852.16
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

What happens when you acquire a stake in a rival firm? Are you expected to continue competing on the market as before? While partial ownership is ubiquitous, its competitive implications are traditionally underplayed under the dogma ‘small is innocent’. Yet, this project asks: Is this EU legal position justified; to what extent; in what cases? Ultimately, what is the price for EU consumers or society to pay for any harmful effects of partial ownership beyond any efficiency gains? If the price is high, should Europe move up a gear? Or are there countervailing costs and trade-offs to be considered before deciding legal reform? With increasing stock market investing, dispersed ownership of public companies and financial intermediation in Europe too, potential concerns gain new dimensions. EU policy may not just be inert but in a wrong direction: one-sided push for a Capital Market Union or increased shareholders’ rights may amplify the EU competition law problem. The research is set to explore the hidden costs and long-term consequences of partial ownership by examining both its different substantive (competition vs corporate law) and governance (EU vs national laws) aspects in the EU context. By means of economic, multi-level legal and empirical analysis the research aims to assess whether there is a regulatory gap in Europe and if so, a solution is necessary and desirable. The supervisor with his cross-disciplinary expertise (EU law; competition & corporate law) and stellar academics in my research areas (business law; finance/microeconomics) associated with LU provide an ideal setting for the project to be effectively implemented. The research will produce new scientific knowledge; training benefits for my future academic career and societal impact (policymaking; public awareness) for stakeholders and the EU economy and democracy. For the sake of all, Europe should bridge the knowledge gap and not be left behind, when action may come as ‘too little too late’.

Keywords: eu competition law and policy,corporate and securities law,corporate governance,finance,industrial organisation,game theory,capital markets,financial intermediation,economic analysis of law
Photonic Accurate and Portable Sensor Systems Exploiting Photo-Acoustic and Photo-Thermal Based Spectroscopy for Real-Time Outdoor Air Pollution Monitoring (PASSEPARTOUT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: Photonics (cPPP)
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Ireland,Italy,Italy,Italy,Germany,Italy,Switzerland,Hungary,Switzerland,Greece,Slovenia,France,France,France,Czechia
Call: Advancing photonics technologies and application driven photonics components and the innovation ecosystem (H2020-ICT-2020-2, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8540667.5
EU funding (EUR): 6999139.63
Participants: 22
Project status: SIGNED

Air pollution in terms of toxic gas molecules and particulate matter is a major cause of morbidity and premature mortality, resulting in an estimated 4.2 million deaths per year. Real time pollution monitoring with high spatial resolution and public alerts is vital to minimise the exposure of the population, particularly the vulnerable, to air pollution. Direct access to high quality, trustworthy data will allow optimisation of daily schedules to reduce exposure. The availability of actionable data, which will, if necessary, stand up in court and with government, will drive long term changes in the behaviour of both the public and industry. Ambient pollutant reference detectors are impractical for widespread or mobile deployment. Miniature, low cost electrochemical generally are still not stable or sensitive enough for monitoring ambient pollutants reliably. PASSEPARTOUT will advance the development and deployment of miniature, hyperspectral optical based sensors based on Quartz Enhanced Photo-acoustic Spectroscopy and Photo-Thermal Interferometry for a wide range of ambient pollutants. The PASSEPARTOUT optical sensors operate in the mid-IR or NIR spectral range and allow calibration free methodologies as quantification is based on the well-known optical constants of the target analytes and will be compatible with the rigorous certification process. PASSEPARTOUT will realise the first 3D mobile optical gas analyser network capable of operating in an urban area. Innovative and high-performance technologies for high accuracy and flexible environmental air quality monitoring will be built into robust drone-mounted, low-cost vehicle-mounted and stationary sensors. The network will provide real-time information about the concentration of polluting gases (NOx, SO2, NH3, CH4, CO, CO2) and black carbon within urban areas, around landfills and seaports with extremely high precision and excellent spatial resolution.
Parental Employment and Child Investments (PEACH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Flexible working practices can help parents to maintain household income whilst not compromising time spent with their children. Such working arrangements also help parents maintain a balance between work and family life leading to increased productivity and improved well-being. However, there are costs involved, such as lower wages, job security, opportunities for career advancement, and training. In addition, the leisure time of parents is likely to fall as parents spend an increasing proportion of their time on domestic and work activities. Applying microeconometric methods, the project PEACH will analyse the causal effect of flexible and non-standard working practices on both child and parental outcomes by analysing two specific policies which allow individuals to relax the full-time and the standard hours commitment to their job. 1. The German Part-time and Fixed Term Employment Law 2000 2. The UK Right to Request and Duty to Consider Flexible Working Specifically, PEACH will pursue the following research objectives to explore the flexible working practices in the UK and Germany R1: Examine the uptake of flexible working practices on mother and father employment, R2: Examine the effect of flexible working practices on the parents’ (i) total hours of domestic and labour market activities, (ii) long-run career, and (iii) mental health. R3: Examine the effect of flexible working practices on child cognitive and health outcomes R4: Create a network and Disseminate results to a broader audience. PEACH involves mobility for the researcher, with a secondment at DIW, Berlin, Germany. This will enhance Sarah's network and establish Sarah as an expert of the German data. PEACH involves training, including microeconometric methods, labour economics and data analysis from experts in York and external courses. Sarah will develop a detailed personal career development plan, to improve her skills and attain success in her future career.

Keywords: labour,child outcomes,well being,work flexibility
Beta-cell inflammation and dysfunction induced by bacterial translocation (BETA-BACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands,Canada
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2018-12-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 167610.6
EU funding (EUR): 167610.6
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has risen to epidemic proportions resulting in major morbidity and mortality. In addition to insulin resistance (i.e. impaired insulin action), impaired function and destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells form the direct cause for hyperglycemia and T2D, and causes the progressive course of disease. As such, due to continuous beta-cell destruction, many patients require treatment with exogenous insulin therapy. Clearly, therapies that may halt or reverse this detrimental process are warranted. An inflammatory process in islets of Langerhans, with infiltration of immune cells and a central role for toll-like receptors (TLR), is present in T2D, however, the primary trigger for this inflammatory response remains unknown. Recently, (diet-induced) alterations in intestinal microbiota composition were shown to associate with T2D. In addition, T2D patients have increased translocation of detrimental bacteria (‘leaky gut’), previously shown to induce adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction. Recently, I hypothesized that increased bacterial translocation to the pancreas induces inflammation and beta-cell dysfunction in T2D through TLR related mechanisms. I addressed this hypothesis first by identifying translocated microorganism DNA in pancreatic tissue harvested during pancreatectomy in patients with and without T2D. In pilot data, I have demonstrated increased bacterial load in patients with T2D as compared to control patients. The involved micro organisms with highest pathogenicity will be (an)aerobically cultured and subsequently used in gavage studies in a obese mouse model with or without a knockout for TRL4 to study their effects effects on beta-cell function, glucose metabolism and pancreas inflammation.
Spatio-temporal mechanisms of generative perception (GenPercept)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2488969.38
EU funding (EUR): 2480969.38
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

How do we rapidly and effortlessly compute a vivid veridical representation of the external world from the noisy and ambiguous input supplied by our sensors? One possibility is that the brain does not process all incoming sensory information anew, but actively generates a model of the world from past experience, and uses current sensory data to update that model. This classic idea has been well formulised within the modern framework of Generative Bayesian Inference. However, despite these recent theoretical and empirical advances, there is no definitive proof that generative mechanisms prevail in perception, and fundamental questions remain. The ambitious aim of GenPercept is to establish the importance of generative processes in perception, characterise quantitatively their functional role, and describe their underlying neural mechanisms. With innovative psychophysical and pupillometry techniques, it will show how past perceptual experience is exploited to manage and mould sensory analysis of the present. With ultra-high field imaging, it will identify the underlying neural mechanisms in early sensory cortex. With EEG and custom psychophysics it will show how generative predictive mechanisms mediate perceptual continuity at the time of saccadic eye movements, and explore the innovative idea that neural oscillations reflect reverberations in the propagation of generative prediction and error signals. Finally, it will look at individual differences, particularly in autistic perception, where generative mechanisms show interesting atypicalities. A full understanding of generative processes will lead to fundamental insights in understanding how we perceive and interact with the world, and how past perceptual experience influences what we perceive. The project is also of clinical relevance, as these systems are prone to dysfunction in several neuro-behavioural conditions, including autism spectrum disorder.

Keywords: gernative perception,oscillations,serial dependence,saccadic stability
Tunable Hubbard Lattices in Semiconductor Nanowire Networks (TURNSTONE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Panel description: Structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences, biological physics
Countries involved: Denmark,Denmark
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2027-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999669.0
EU funding (EUR): 1874669.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

One of the most important outstanding questions in physics is arguably the understanding of correlated electrons in condensed matter. The theoretical framework is given by the Hubbard model, however, no analytical solutions have been found and numerical treatments are challenging and controversial. Although great progress has been made in experimental implementations of the Hubbard model in cold atom lattices and ion traps, the most interesting regime of low temperature and strong interactions, presumably accounting for the physics of High-Tc superconductors, is yet to be realized. In this project a new experimental platform is proposed for realizing tunable lattices of coupled quantum dots (QDs) by combining Molecular Beam Epitaxy crystal growth of semiconductor nanostructures, state-of-the-art semiconductor processing, and low-temperatures quantum transport. Macroscopic networks of ultra-high quality InAs nanowires will be combined with epitaxial integration of dielectric layers and gate metals. The gates thereby retain the ultimate limit of uniformity; overcoming previous problems with QD arrays. Conservative estimates of the on-site Coulomb interaction ~100-200Kelvin and with fully gate-tunable tunnel couplings, the strongly interacting, low-T regime is easily reachable. Both square and honeycomb lattices will be realized and the macroscopic properties will studied by transport and quantum capacitance spectroscopy at mK temperatures, and in addition, the currents will be locally probed by scanning SQUID microscopy. Furthermore, by a new concept for gating, we achieve tunable spatial modulation of tunnel couplings, and thereby enable in situ tunable gauge fields, tunable disorder, and controlled symmetry breaking. A proof-of-concept experiment is discussed. If successful, the results will have major impact on physics, technology and material science by providing a tunable model of the foundation of solid state physics.

Keywords: mbe growth of semiconductor nanostructures,low temperature transport,quantum dot lattices
Directed evolution of ketoreductases in gel-shell beads (KREDs in GSBs)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Optically pure secondary alcohols are required in the manufacture of many pharmaceutical products. Ketoreductases (KREDs) capable of reduction of ketones to the corresponding secondary alcohol have been improved through classical directed evolution campaigns but a limiting factor has always been the challenge of matching selection conditions to the final scaled-up reaction. Here we propose a solution to that problem. The Host group previously described the formation of gel-shell beads, agarose beads surrounded by a size-selective shell (Nature Chemistry 2014, 6:791). The beads allow screening of individual members of an enzyme library using flow cytometry. As small molecules can be readily exchanged, while enzymes are retained, the process not only affords precise control over selection conditions but also makes it ideal for continuous flow processes. To support this endeavour, sensitive assays for the high throughput detection of ketoreductase activity and enantioselectivity will be developed. Directed evolution will then be performed with selection for the efficient use of macromolecular derivatives of the NAD(P)H cofactor and improved tolerance to high substrate /solvent concentrations. Throughout the project, intensive contact will be maintained with Industrial Partner GlaxoSmithKline, leading up to flow bed reactor trials during a secondment. This project will provide the Beneficiary with an excellent training in biocatalysis, broadening his skill set and opening up new career opportunities in Europe’s growing Green Chemistry Sector. The Host laboratory is at the forefront of directed evolution of enzymes. Through the secondment at GSK, the Beneficiary will be able to transfer this technology to industry. Excellent training courses offered by the University of Cambridge will further aid his professional development. This project seeks to help Europe meet Part 12 of Horizon 2020, which is to be communicated through a well-planned series of Public Engagements.

Keywords: biocatalysis,green chemistry,ketoreductases,directed evolution,continuous flow processes,industry academia partnership,public engagement
IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF LYMPHOID STROMAL CELLS (STROMA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy
Panel description: The immune system, related disorders and their mechanisms, biology of infectious agents and infection, biological basis of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, innovative immunological tools and approaches, including therapies
Countries involved: Germany,France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2021-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2547762.0
EU funding (EUR): 2386262.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In 1984, Nossal wrote ‘‘A readership consisting of primarily anatomists has every right to question the favorite sport of research workers in cell immunology. This is to take a lymphoid tissue and totally destroy its beautiful and elaborately designed architecture to obtain simple cell suspension of lymphocytes, which are then asked to do more or less all the jobs of the original anatomic masterpiece’’. Growing evidence that lymph node (LN) stromal cells control the motility, activation and survival of lymphocytes has reinforced this view. These architectural cells assemble in 3D networks that regulate LN homeostasis and control its ability to remodel during inflammation. Understanding stromal cell biology is thus mandatory to our full comprehension of the immune system but this ambitious objective is technically challenging. As the complexity of the LN cannot be modelled in culture, knowledge gained from in vitro experiments is limited and will not address many relevant questions related to the biology of LN stromal cells, in particular (i) the elucidation of their origin and the precursor/product relationships that link them, (ii) the determination of their behavior in inflamed LNs and (iii) their subsequent fate in LNs that have returned to homeostasis. To this aim, I have developed several original, cutting-edge multicolor fluorescent reporter mouse models and computational modeling approaches to map the fate of single stromal cells and their progeny in situ. Using this innovative approach, my group will investigate the spatio-temporal behavior and molecular cues that orchestrate the development and dynamics of the major LN stromal cell populations in vivo, at steady state and under inflammatory conditions, at the single cell level. Because the proposed studies will unravel the precursor/product relationships linking the various stromal cell types, we anticipate to provide the first “Phylogenetic tree” of LN stromal cell development and remodeling.
Keepers: The Key to your Child’s Safety (KEEPERS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure societies - protecting freedom and security of Europe and its citizens
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Israel
Call: Engaging SMEs in security research and development (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 5.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Today Children communicate mainly through social media or mobile phones. Violence is prevalent in cyberspace and follows children everywhere. According to the 2015 UN survey 35% of children have been victims of social networks shaming. It's a well known fact that parents today lack tools to cope with the advancing technology. Every 7 minutes a child is harassed on the internet 80% Of cyberbullying cases are not reported 70% Admit they are affected by cyberbullying Keepers enables parents to monitor their child's mobile phone usage and become aware of any shaming/bullying phenomena their child might experience by spotting and filtering problematic and abusive content. Supervision and Monitoring - Keepers inspects the content the child is exposed to, analyzes it, and reports offensive langua Concealed - Keepers app is hidden on the child's device Analysis of Malicious Content - Keepers tracks and filters problematic content and sends appropriate alerts Privacy - only pre-defined problem content is reported to preserve the child's independence Dynamic Dictionary - Keepers adds specific words to the default local user dictionary based on parent settings. Cross Platform Solution – Keepers detects incoming/outgoing messages on all social platform using the OCR algorithm Consulting – Keepers connects parents with social services to help taekle any ongoing problems Social Machine Learning - Keepers algorithm collect suggestions from various users and automatically learn to detect abusive content based on AI (artificial intelligence) and NLP (Natural Language Processing) technologies

Keywords: cyberbullying,security,children,mobile,business model