Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Data Driven Structured Modelling of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems (SNLSID)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499040.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499040.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Today’s state-of-the art methods for system and control design are model based. The ever increasing demand for higher performance and efficiency pushes the systems in a nonlinear operation mode so that nonlinear models are required for their design and control. The model quality and the model building cost are becoming limiting factors for further technological developments. To close the gap between the designers and the modellers we propose a fundamentally new approach to deliver highly structured nonlinear models meeting the designer’s needs. From a theoretical point of view, the major contribution is the development of a new nonlinear structured system identification framework. From practical point of view, the new nonlinear modelling paradigm will become an enabling technology to further push the performance and efficiency of system and control design. We follow a three step strategy to identify structured nonlinear models: - A top down approach in which we develop data driven structure revealing methods starting from initial unstructured nonlinear state space models. - A bottom up approach that identifies complex block oriented models, including parallel and feedback structures starting from the best linear approximation of the nonlinear system. These models are highly structured from the start. - An new dedicated experiment design strategy will be developed to retrieve the “best” models with the least experimental cost. Solving these problems is far beyond the actual abilities of the system identification community. However, our long standing recognized experience in frequency domain system identification in the presence of nonlinear distortions, and recent work by the PI guarantee the feasibility of the project. Structured nonlinear model building has applications in traditional industrial and emerging new high technological applications, including biomechanical and biomedical applications.

Keywords: system identification,nonlinear systems,block oriented models,nonlinear state space models
Microfluidic systems for the study of living roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans) and tissues (MEMSFORLIFE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2492400.0
EU funding (EUR): 2492400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal situated at the interfaces of the microengineering, biological and medical fields aims to develop microfluidic chips for studying living roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans), living cultured liver tissue slices obtained from mice, and formaldehyde/paraffin-fixed human breast cancer tissue slices and tumors. Each type of microfluidic chip will be the central component of a computer-controlled platform having syringe pumps for accurate dosing of reagents and allowing microscopic observation or other types of detection. From an application point-of-view the work is focused on five objectives: (i) Development of high-throughput worm chips. Our goal is to build worm tools that enable high-throughput lifespan and behavioral measurements at single-animal resolution with statistical relevance. (ii) Linking on-chip microparticles (beads) to the C. elegans cuticle. We will use beads with electrostatic surface charges and beads that have a magnetic core for quantification of locomotion and forces developed by the worms. Moreover high-refractive index microspheres will be used as in situ microlenses for optical nanoscopic worm imaging. (iii) Realization of a nanocalorimetric chip-based setup to determine the minute amount of heat produced by worms and comparison of the metabolic activity of wild-type worms and mutants. (iv) Study of precision-cut ex vivo liver tissue slices from mice, in particular to evaluate glucose synthesis. The slices will be perifused with nutrients and oxygen in a continuous way and glucose detection will be based on the electrochemical principle using microfabricated electrodes. (v) On-chip immunohistochemical processing and fluorescent imaging of fixed clinical tissue slices and tumorectomy samples. These systems aim the multiplexed detection of biomarkers on cancerous tissues for fast and accurate clinical diagnosis.

Keywords: microfluidics,microfabrication,mems,platform,fluorescent detection,tissues,pdms,nematodes,lifespan studies,microparticles,nanocalorimetry,metabolism studies,gluceoneogenesis,cancer
Toward a new generation of multi-dimensional stellar evolution models: the TOol of the FUture (TOFU)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom,France
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499980.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499980.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Modelling stars and planets in three dimensions is the holy grail of stellar and planetary astrophysics and is now the necessary step forward in stellar evolution. It is the only way to proceed in order to correctly understand the various physical processes which rule the life of a star or a planet. The heart of the TOFU project is the development of an unique numerical tool, namely a three dimensional, time implicit and fully compressible hydrodynamical code, that allows the multi-dimensional description of a complete star (or planet) interior during timescales relevant to the study of various stellar/planetary evolutionary phases. The major scientific motivation is to improve the description of key stellar/planetary physical processes and to solve long standing problems characterising the life of stars and planets. The development of such a tool is challenging and innovative, and has never been addressed to date. The time implicit approach provides the major innovation and breakthrough of this project as it will allow the exploration of physical processes on spatial and temporal scales presently out of reach. The TOFU project proposes a new vision of stellar/planetary evolution based on a multi-D description of anisotropic and non linear processes related to key problems in stellar evolution, like transport of angular momentum, disk accretion, pulsations and turbulent convection. The project will focus on three typical astrophysical examples at the heart of key investigations in stellar formation, evolution and asteroseismology, whose study requires multi-dimensional time implicit simulations. Beyond these three main astrophysical applications, the project will open new avenues to explore a vast variety of problems in stellar/planetary physics. TOFU will thus deliver an unique numerical tool which will lay the foundation of modern stellar and planetary astrophysics.

Keywords: stellar evolution - computational astrophysics
Asymmetric Organodomino Catalysis (DOMINOCAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2435600.0
EU funding (EUR): 2435600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nature is able to carry out numerous parallel reactions transforming countless chemical compounds in a single cell. For the stereoselective synthesis of complex, biologically relevant molecules, such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists both in academia and industry typically still use “stop and go” procedures with all its disadvantages, such as the isolation and purification of intermediates after each step causing a lot of waste and high costs. Since around the turn of the millennium, the research area of organocatalysis has grown with a breathtaking speed and can now be seen as a third pillar of catalysis beside bio- and metal catalysis. Very recently, organocatalytic multi-component domino reactions came into the focus of synthetic chemistry by mimicking Nature’s enzymatic cascades. Based on our pioneering contributions in this field of asymmetric organodomino catalysis we aim at developing novel simple, triple, quadruple and even more complex organocascade protocols as well as sequential one-pot-procedures thereby significantly advancing the strategic arsenal for the synthesis of complex biologically active enantiopure compounds bearing multiple stereocenters. Spectroscopic and kinetic studies, especially high resolution ESI-MS measurements which opens an insight into a running domino reaction and accompanying theoretical calculations (in cooperation) will allow a deep mechanistic understanding. The combination of organocatalysis with metal, especially gold catalysis will pave the way for completely new environmentally benign and “green” enantioselective multi-component one-pot techniques scalable for future industrial applications.
Global Plate Reconstructions During the Cretaceous Normal Superchron (GEOPLATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Marine magnetic anomalies constitute the backbone of plate tectonic studies. Together with the known time scale of past polarity reversals of the geomagnetic field, these anomalies can be used to date the oceanic crust. However, periods of several tens of million years (Myr), when the polarity of the geomagnetic field remained stable (i.e., superchrons), lack prominent magnetic anomalies and therefore prohibit the construction of plate kinematic models. Thus far, internal anomalies formed by past fluctuations in the strength of the geomagnetic field have never been used to create plate reconstruction models. To understand how tectonic motions evolved during the Cretaceous normal superchron (CNS, between ~121 and 83 Myr ago) and their coupling nature with mantle convection processes, there is a growing need for cross-disciplinary and innovative quantitative studies. I plan to investigate the behavior of the geomagnetic field during the CNS and to use its past fluctuations to construct the first plate kinematic models for the Cretaceous superchron. I will use marine magnetic records to create age models and to calculate past plate motions for the South and Central Atlantic, the southeast Indian, and the North Pacific Oceans. This, in turn, will improve our understanding of both the oceanic and continental realms. The new insights from the proposed project will enable better modeling of continental marginal basins, the breakup of Gondwana. The results of the proposed research will provide the first direct constraints on plate motions during this long interval and will advance our understanding of the interplay between surface tectonic plates, mantle convection, and geomagnetic field processes. Finally, the new kinematic models will be used to investigate crustal production rates and spreading rates that controlled the abnormally high sea levels that prevailed during the mid-Cretaceous.

Keywords: v201 geomagnetism - paleomagnetism,v201 geology - tectonics - volcanology
Programmable Plastics (DUPLEX)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2457946.8
EU funding (EUR): 2457946.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The unique properties of nucleic acids have made them the material of choice for complex nanofabrication. High fidelity formation of duplexes via non-covalent interactions between complementary sequences provides a straightforward approach to molecular programming of multicomponent self-assembly processes. The structure of the nucleic acid backbone and bases can be changed without destroying these properties, suggesting that there are all kinds of unexplored polymeric structures that will also show sequence selective duplex formation. This proposal investigates this rich new area at the interface of supramolecular, biological and polymer chemistry. The appeal of nucleic acids is that we can dial up any desired sequence via chemical solid phase synthesis or via biological template synthesis. With recent advances in polymerisation processes, which proceed under mild conditions compatible with non-covalent chemistry, we are now in a position to develop comparable processes for synthetic polymers. This proposal explores a ground-breaking approach to the synthesis of polymeric systems equipped with defined sequences of recognition sites. The aim is to establish protocols for routine solid phase synthesis of one class of oligomer, which can be used to template the synthesis of different classes of oligomer. This template chemistry will provide tools for polymerisation of conventional monomers using templates to determine the sequence of recognition sites and hence incorporate the selective recognition properties of nucleic acids into bulk polymers like polystyrene. The ability to program polymers with recognition information will open the way to new materials of unprecedented complexity and functionality with applications in all areas of nanotechnology where precise control over macromolecular structure and supramolecular organisation will be used to program mechanical, photochemical and electronic properties into sophisticated assemblies that rival biology.

Keywords: molecular recognition,systems chemistry,organic chemistry,polymer chemistry
Arithmetic and physics of Higgs moduli spaces (ARIPHYHIMO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1304945.0
EU funding (EUR): 1304945.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal studies problems concerning the geometry and topology of moduli spaces of Higgs bundles on a Riemann surface motivated by parallel considerations in number theory and mathematical physics. In this way the proposal bridges various duality theories in string theory with the Langlands program in number theory. The heart of the proposal is a circle of precise conjectures relating to the topology of the moduli space of Higgs bundles. The formulation and motivations of the conjectures make direct contact with the Langlands program in number theory, various duality conjectures in string theory, algebraic combinatorics, knot theory and low dimensional topology and representation theory of quivers, finite groups and algebras of Lie type and Cherednik algebras.

Keywords: moduli of higgs bundles on riemann surfaces,character varieties,hitchin systems,quiver varieties,finite groups and algebras of lie type,cherednik algebras,duality theories in string theory
Understanding Halogenated Lipids: Synthesis, Mode of Action, Structural Studies, and Applications (CHLIP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2233240.0
EU funding (EUR): 2233240.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Among the various toxins isolated, the chlorosulfolipids are particularly intriguing because of their structural and stereochemical complexity. The mechanism of biological activity remains unknown. The lack of availability of the natural products has impaired more in-depth studies aimed at pharmacological, biological, and chemical characterization for proper evaluation of the risk for human health and their role in nature. The proposal takes as its basis this unusual class of natural products and delineates a multifaceted program of inquiry involving: (1) structural characterization of the most complex chlorosulfolipid isolated to date, (2) conformational studies in solution of chlorinated lipids, (3) synthesis and study of brominated lipid analogs, (4) development of analytical methods for detection of these toxins in the environment, (5) the discovery and development of reagents and catalysts for asymmetric chlorination of olefins, (6) examination of lipid conformation in constrained media, (7) examination of the mechanism of anchimeric assistance by chlorides, and (8) applications to drug discovery.

Keywords: natural products,conformational analysis,synthesis
Transition into the Anthropocene: learning about the climate system from the 19th and early 20th century (TITAN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2445547.03
EU funding (EUR): 2445546.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The research proposed here will use a novel and fully-integrated data-modelling approach to provide a step-change in our understanding of the nature and drivers of climate variability and change on the societally-relevant timescales of decades to centuries. Identifying the causes of observed changes in climate requires an understanding of the natural, internally generated variability of the climate system, and of the response of climate to external influences. Our present knowledge is heavily weighted towards changes observed over the recent few decades. This proposal focuses on the early Anthropocene, namely the 19th through to the early 20th century. This period covers the emergence from an anomalously cold period, the so-called ‘Little Ice Age’, and shows periods of warming including the still enigmatic early 20th century warming. Newly available observational data now make it possible to analyze this period in detail. ‘Fingerprints’ for climate changes in response to external drivers, such as changes in atmospheric composition, solar radiation, and volcanism will be used to estimate the contribution by these factors to observed changes over the 19th and early 20th century. These fingerprints will be based on a large, multi-model ensemble of climate model simulations that is presently becoming available. Changes in observed temperature, sea ice variations, and precipitation will be linked to the state of the atmospheric circulation. Targeted model simulations will help to determine the role of sea surface temperature patterns and atmospheric and oceanic circulation in setting temperature records in the 1930s and 1940s. The result will be a synthesis of the causes of climate change over the early Anthropocene, an improved estimate of the natural variability of climate, probabilistic estimates of the climate’s transient sensitivity to greenhouse gas increases, and improved understanding of the response of sea ice, precipitation, and temperature extremes.

Keywords: climate variability,climate change,climate extremes,sea ice changes,transient climate sensitivity
Nanopaleomagnetism: a multiscale approach to paleomagnetic analysis of geological materials (NANOPALEOMAG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2384543.0
EU funding (EUR): 2384543.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Paleomagnetism has played a pivotal role in developing our modern understanding of the Earth, and remains one of the primary tools used to study the structure and dynamics of the Earth and other planets. However, some of the most interesting and controversial periods of Earth’s history occur far beyond the current limits of our confidence in the paleomagnetic signals used to study them. NanoPaleoMag will solve this problem by dramatically increasing the range of materials that are suitable for paleomagnetic study, thereby opening up periods of Earth history that have hitherto defied conventional paleomagnetic analysis. Rocks are chemically, mineralogically, texturally and magnetically heterogeneous materials, with heterogeneity occuring at all length scales – from metres to nanometres. There is a pressing need to push the spatial resolution of paleomagnetic studies beyond their current limits and to extend the analysis into 3D. Adopting cutting-edge techniques from physics and materials science, NanoPaleoMag will perform paleomagnetic measurements at submicron length scales. 3D measurements of the volume, shape and spacing of all magnetic particles within a microscale region of interest will be made using a focused ion beam workstation. Combined with high-resolution paleomagnetic measurements and nanometre/nanosecond electron/X-ray magnetic imaging, NanoPaleoMag will characterise the magnetic properties of geological materials at fundamental length scales and time scales. Sample-return missions to asteroids, comets, moons and planets will soon provide unprecedented opportunities for extraterrestrial paleomagnetism. NanoPaleoMag will provide the methodology and instrumentation needed to analyse these precious materials.