Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
European Patient Organizations in Knowledge Society (EPOKS)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: A more dynamic governance of the science and society relationship
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Portugal,Ireland,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1129012.8
EU funding (EUR): 905242.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

The last two decades have witnessed the increasing role of patient, user and civil society organizations (POs and CSOs) in the production of knowledge on diseases and health problems. Rich and detailed studies have shown that this phenomenon entails new forms of activism. It also questions the modes of governance of knowledge, as well as the role of knowledge in the governance of health and medical issues. Does lay knowledge stand on an equal footing with expert knowledge? How do different stakeholders in the domain of health and medicine consider experiential knowledge brought to the fore by POs and CSOs? So far, research on POs and CSOs’ involvement into the production of knowledge has mainly focused on case studies. Few comparative studies across national contexts and condition areas are available. This is where EPOKS seeks to make an original contribution. It aims at deepening the understanding of similarities as well as differences between national organizations in France, Portugal, the U.K and Ireland, active in four conditions areas. These are the fields of rare and orphan diseases, childbirth issues, Alzheimer’s Disease, and ADHD (Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder). EPOKS will investigate and compare the modes of interaction and cross-fertilization between different forms of knowledge across these national contexts and condition areas. EPOKS will also address an important phenomenon that has received little attention until now: the multiplication of European coalitions of POs and CSOs in the domain of health and medicine. Very little is known on the types of organizations that these European coalitions actually constitute. EPOKS’s second objective is to document and analyze the role of European coalitions in the shaping of certain modes of governance of knowledge, as well as certain forms of know-how that enforce POs and CSOs’ empowerment, and help to foster their capacity to engage with medical research and health issues in their own countries.

Keywords: governance health medicine patient organization europeanisation policy-making knowledge gender
Cracking the orthographic code (O-CODE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2223513.0
EU funding (EUR): 2223513.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research is designed to test a new theory of orthographic processing - that is a theory about how information concerning letter identity and letter position is encoded during reading. The theory is couched within a general framework for word recognition that makes a critical distinction between a coarse-grained orthographic code that provides a fast-track to semantics, and a fine-grained orthographic code that is used to generate a prelexical phonological code, hence providing the connection with auditory word processing. The project is divided into three sections, each examining a specific component of this theoretical framework. Section 1 examines low-level visual constraints on the earliest phase of orthographic processing - the retinotopic mapping of visual features onto letter identities. Section 2 examines how this preliminary orthographic information can be most efficiently used to constrain lexical identity via a coarse-grained, word-centered orthographic code. Section 3 examines a further critical constraint on orthographic processing - the fact that the orthographic system is grafted onto a pre-existing phonological system during the course of reading acquisition. Each section of the research program will combine the methods of experimental cognitive psychology with visual psychophysics, brain imaging (ERPs and MEG), and computational modeling. This multi-methodological approach is one of the keys to success of the present project, along with the strong theory-driven nature of the proposed research. It is this unique combination that is expected to generate the breakthroughs that will provide the foundations for a general account of skilled reading and its breakdown in reading disabled persons.

Keywords: reading,visual word recognition,orthographic processing
Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Economics and Finance (NAMSEF)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1200000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal is about developing nonparametric methodology for applications in economics and finance. It is broadly in two parts. The first part is related to my work on separable nonparametric models, which is at the frontier of econometric methodology. I am working on a number of projects that extend the applicability of these methods to problems of current interest. The second part is related to my work on testing stochastic dominance, which is a topic of considerable current interest and considerable scope of application. This work involves several extensions of existing methodology and its application to new problems. Both sets of projects involve theoretical work in terms of defining estimators and test statistics and analyzing their properties. They also involve application of the methodology to simulated and real data. This involves developing efficient computer programmes and running them on state of the art machines. Because the procedures we develop are complicated functions of the data they are very time consuming to implement, especially time consuming to implement well.

Keywords: dynamic choice,euler equations,integral equations,risk aversion,motonicity,jump diffusion
Fate of Repository Gases (FORGE)

Framework: FP7 — Euratom
Programme: Nuclear fission and radiation protection
Theme: Radioactive waste management
Destination: Management of Ultimate Radioactive Waste
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Sweden,Belgium,France,France,Spain,Spain,France,Germany,Switzerland,Belgium,Finland,Czechia,Czechia,Romania,Germany,Lithuania
Call:  (FP7-Fission-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 11626902.0
EU funding (EUR): 5988647.0
Participants: 25
Project status: CLOSED

The multiple barrier concept is the cornerstone of all proposed schemes for underground disposal of radioactive wastes. The concept invokes a series of barriers, both engineered and natural, between the waste and the surface. Achieving this concept is the primary objective of all disposal programmes, from site appraisal and characterisation to repository design and construction. However, the performance of the repository as a whole (waste, buffer, engineering disturbed zone, host rock), and in particular its gas transport properties, are still poorly understood. Issues still to be adequately examined that relate to understanding basic processes include: dilational versus visco-capillary flow mechanisms; long-term integrity of seals, in particular gas flow along contacts; role of the EDZ as a conduit for preferential flow; laboratory to field up-scaling. Understanding gas generation and migration is thus vital in the quantitative assessment of repositories and is the focus of the research in this proposal for an integrated, multi-disciplinary project. The FORGE proposal is for a pan-European project with links to international radioactive waste management organisations, regulators and academia, specifically designed to tackle the key research issues associated with the generation and movement of repository gasses. Of particular importance are the long-term performance of bentonite buffers, plastic clays, indurated mudrocks and crystalline formations. Further experimental data are required to reduce uncertainty relating to the quantitative treatment of gas in performance assessment. FORGE will address these issues through a series of laboratory and field-scale experiments, including the development of new methods for up-scaling allowing the optimisation of concepts through detailed scenario analysis. The FORGE partners are committed to training and CPD through a broad portfolio of training opportunities and initiatives which form a significant part of the project.

Keywords: production,migration,radioactive waste repository,multi-phase flow
ICTethics. An Interdisciplinary Approach for Addressing Ethical, Social and Legal Aspects of ICT (ICTETHICS)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: A more dynamic governance of the science and society relationship
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Italy,Belgium
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1228520.0
EU funding (EUR): 942540.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

There is an urgent need for a systematic analysis of the ESLA aspects of Research in ICT, of the same type as developed by the ESLA (Ethical Social and Legal Aspects) working group on biotechnology, established by the European Commission in the early 1990s. Some ESLA-like reflection on ICT is ongoing, but is fragmented and ad hoc. It risks lagging behind technological developments that are already moving towards a "post PC era" and the internet of things. It is necessary to think through the ethical issues before developments proceed rather than afterwards when science and industry may be constrained by regulations that deter innovation and hamper just and balanced deployments. A systematic ESLA reflection will also assist industry in reflecting upon the impacts of new developments in science and technology and what reactions they may engender amongst publics in different cultures and polities. The project will perform an integrated ESLA of identified strategic ICT developments that have the potential to revolutionize private and social life over the next five years. It will analyse (a) the development of intelligent environments, (b) the convergence of the physical, the mental and the virtual, (c) the internet of things and (d) ICT for security. It will focus on flagship developments like the personal health system, the humanoid robot assistant, RFID and biometrics identification. The results of the study will be translated into a targeted feedback to all stakeholders involved, to the public at large and to general innovation and e-Inclusion policy. This multi-actor engagement and participation strategy is key to the proposed work of the project in promoting ESLA informed dialogue on the impacts of future ICT innovations. The work will be carried out by a consortium of 4 experienced teams that have been active as participants in the process of the EC in studies in the ESLA of biomedicine who are now ready to lay the groundwork for a high level ESLA of ICT.

Keywords: computer ethics,information ethics,bioethics,ict
a Transdisciplinary approach to the Emerging CHallenges of NOvel technologies: Lifeworld and Imaginaries in Foresight and Ethics (TECHNOLIFE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: A more dynamic governance of the science and society relationship
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Norway,Spain,Estonia,United Kingdom,France,Denmark,United Kingdom,European organisations area
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2011-11-30
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1049041.6
EU funding (EUR): 809343.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The TECHNOLIFE project will approach the SiS 5.1.1.2 call by developing new ethical frameworks to address ethical concerns of Europeans in relation to three technological fields: ICTs, Geographical Imaging Systems and converging technologies to enhance the human body. It will supply valuable insights on how issues of ethical concern to groups, publics and citizens can be considered in EC policy in the three technological fields. We propose a novel approach to the research on ethical frameworks, using the concept of imagined communities as a way of getting to ethical concerns in ways that do not unduly suppress their complexity, heterogeneity and communicatively challenging character. The emphasis on information, communication and perception enhancing technologies is appropriate since these are strong promoters in the ongoing restructuring of social groups and imaginaries that go to make up the future Europe. They also transform the very meaning of human sociability, identity, communication and community in ways that pose great challenges to ethical theory and ethics for policy. Dominant imaginaries, ethical concerns and broad technological developments will be described deploying insights from a number of disciplines. These will be fed into an online database where they will be used for deliberation by a number of invited participants from concerned groups and publics. The results of the process will be analysed and interpreted to identify central imaginaries and their related arguments and viewpoints among the relevant groups. The qualitative data will then be used to: 1) develop new ethical frameworks fitted to the social and analytic level of imagined communities; 2) provide guidelines for the EC on policy in the three technological fields; 3) establish a web portal that can be used for further deliberation on the three fields, and 4) supply documentation on the overall process to be used for the development of ethical frameworks in other technological fields.

Keywords: participative democracy,imagined communities,icts,converging technologies,gis
The surfaces of cement and reinforced concrete. A history of the formworks and processing of the surface, 1870-2008 (FMWK 1870-2008)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 660000.0
EU funding (EUR): 660000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Since the nineteenth century, the reinforced concrete has been generating a vast specialized litterature everywhere in the world. However, none of it has ever tried to make a first assessment of the evolution of one of the most fundamental element in the processing of the reinforced concrete: the formwork; nor have been reconstructed the various ways of processing the surfaces after removal of the formwork in order to get special effects of polished or rustic surface. Therefore, on the subject of manufacturing of the formworks and processing of the surface, there is a true gap in the studies on reinforced concrete that the research The surfaces of cement and reinforced concrete. A history of the formworks and processing of the surface, 1870-2008 intends to fill. Whether historical or operationnal, this gap lacks not only of the context of the evolution from the nineteenth century, but also of a comprehensive outline of the recent production. The purpose of the research is to provide the most comprehensive documentation and the most significant examples of the international architectural production on the subject of formworks and concrete surfaces within the time span considered. Drawing up the outline of the various types of building and processing of the surfaces will be extraordinarily useful for the historiography of architecture, which will hence have a scientific instrument to evaluate the works in terms of connections between form and material in relation to concrete, as well as for the modern formworks in which the technicial and artistical issues of reinforced concrete processing at sight still remain fundamental. The results of the research will be collected in a book with the caracteristics of an essay, consisting of an important written part and an extremely rich iconographic documentation (project drawings, photographs of building sites and tools, etc.); it will be structured as a synthesis between the technical manual and the historical critical essay.

Keywords: forwmork,concrete,cement,reinforced concrete,history of reinforced concrete
Synthetic Biology for Human Health: Ethical and Legal Issues (SYBHEL)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: A more dynamic governance of the science and society relationship
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Switzerland,Spain,Netherlands,Hungary
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1041045.07
EU funding (EUR): 803587.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

Synthetic Biology (SynBio) is a relatively new field of scientific endeavour. Rather than seeking to understand living organisms, SynBio researchers aim to design and build entirely new living systems at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism level. SynBio uses methods and tools from many disciplines, notably engineering, genetics, biotechnology and biochemistry; but also nanotechnology, physics and computational modelling. A key attribute is the use of principles of engineering with components from the life sciences to build or exploit living organisms rather than machines. Applications of SynBio research include environmental and health benefits, for example bio-fuels, biosensors and therapeutics. Researchers in SynBio are keen to address the ethical, legal and social aspects of their work. To date, however, ELSI considerations of SynBio have targeted safety and regulatory aspects of the field as a whole. No studies have focussed specifically on the ethical implications of SynBio for human health. The SYBHEL project will address this gap to provide the first detailed analysis of one of the key global applications of SynBio. SYBHEL will examine several aspects of SynBio as it applies to human health including: philosophical and social understandings of life (including new human-like entities); appropriate methodology for bioethical analysis in SynBio for health; ethical issues arising in utilising SynBio for health; regulatory and commercial aspects and public policy in SynBio for health care. The RTD work-packages will be underscored by several cross-cutting themes to ensure maximum flexibility and relevance of outcomes. SYBHEL will therefore be informed by existing work on: the definition and scientific state of the art of SynBio; safety aspects and issues of distributive justice. SYBHEL will adopt an approach that recognises the non-reductionist, non-essentialist, dynamic and integrative nature of SynBio and will develop a comparable ethics response.

Keywords: synthetic biology,ethics,law,policy,creating life,methodology,health,justice
Cultural transformations and environmental transitions in North African prehistory (TRANS-NAP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The study of the human past
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is emerging consensus that European human populations, Ancient (Homo erectus) & Modern (H. sapiens), originated in Africa, but the timing, routes & character of their migrations remain obscure. In Europe, the cultural transformations represented by the appearance of cognitively-modern human behaviour c.40000 years ago appear to relate to replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans, & to correlate with abrupt climatic & environmental changes. N Africa may have played a critical role in these events but when, how & why modern humans emerged in this region (which lacks Neanderthals), questions vital for understanding the colonization of Europe, remain unanswered. TRANS-NAP aims to address these questions by a programme of archaeological fieldwork, science-based archaeology & environmental science in NE Libya. One component will be an archaeological & geomorphological survey, & allied palaeoecological studies, across the Gebel Akhdar (Green Mountain) massif from the Mediterranean to the Sahara. The other will be a programme of targeted archaeological excavation combined with palaeoenvironmental studies & fine resolution dating including at the major prehistoric cave of the Haua Fteah, which 1950s excavations & trial work in 2007 have shown represents a unique opportunity for high resolution analysis of changes in climate & environment, & of hominin responses to these, over at least the past 100000 years. The combination of spatial behavioural data & landscape reconstruction from the surveys, & deep time cultural & palaeoenvironmental data from the excavations, will enable TRANS-NAP to reconstruct the strategies developed by Ancient & Modern Humans to utilize a typical N African landscape of Mediterranean littoral, uplands, pre-desert & desert, & to understand how they responded to challenges of profound climatic & environmental change, findings which will have fundamental implications for understanding the development of behavioural modernity in Africa & Europe.

Keywords: palaeolithic,bioarchaeology,geoarchaeology,libya,human origins,evolution,space,time,behavioural modernity
EU Zoos and Science in the 21st Century: engaging the public in nature conservation (EUZOOS-XXI)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Science in Society
Destination: Science and society communicate
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Sweden,Portugal,United States,Sweden,Italy,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 862134.0
EU funding (EUR): 758178.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of this proposal is to engage public in the delineation of large-scale activities at European Zoos and Marine Parks, focused on nature conservation and biodiversity. Worldwide Zoos and Marine Parks have changed immensely over the last 50 years. Modern Zoos and Marine Parks in Europe have specific areas of intervention: Education, Entertainment, Conservation, and Research. The Zoos and Mrine Parks play a key-role in communicating science to the general public, of all age groups, and represent a unique vehicle for the dissemination of important scientific adavances and future challenges in actual topics of interest to European citizens, such as nature conservation and biodiversity. Additionally Zoos and Marine Parks represent excellent scenarios for public debates in a relaxed context and inspiring context.

Keywords: networking,communicating science,public engagement,nature conservation and biodiversity,zoos,marine parks,education,entertainment,conservation,research