Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Engineering a vascularized and innervated tissue using a building block approach (PREVASCIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2017-01-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299792.4
EU funding (EUR): 299792.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The current ageing population is faced with an ever increasing shortage of donor tissue for the repair or replacement of damaged tissues. Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to cope with this shortage. However, even though tissue engineering has been an active field of research for several decades, the number of clinical successes is limited. This is often due to a lack of integration and survival of the engineered tissue after implantation. PreVascIn proposes that the integration and survival of an engineered tissue can be significantly improved by including both a vascular and a neural network. Adding both a vascular and a neural network to an engineered tissue greatly enhances the complexity of this tissue. The cells forming the different tissue components each require different local environments to develop properly. This means that the local environment of individual structures need to be controlled and that current standard approaches, such as simply seeding cells within a scaffold material, are insufficient. As a better alternative approach, in this project I propose to use the ‘Living Legos’ building block system, combined with the use of matrix elasticity and local growth factor delivery to control formation of the separate tissue components. This provides a strong control of tissue development, potentially allowing for the engineering of the vascularized and innervated tissue from a single cell source, as will be investigated in this project. The development of the modular and self-assembly properties of the proposed approach has great potential to result in a highly flexible system, easily translatable to other applications and engineered tissues.

Keywords: tissue engineering,vascularization,innervation,bone,muscle,co-culture,building block,mechanical properties,growth factor delivery
Modal determiners (MODALDET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-15
End date: 2016-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223002.2
EU funding (EUR): 223002.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Modal expressions allow us to talk about unrealized possibilities and uncertain scenarios. For instance, the sentence in (1), with the modal "might", describes a possible scenario compatible with the speaker's evidence. 1) (Given what I know), Jones might be the murderer. The ability to construct discourses about the non-actual is a fundamental cognitive skill and one of the design features of human language (Hockett 1960). Accordingly, modality has been extensively studied in linguistics and philosophy (see Frawley 2006 and Portner 2009 for recent overviews). Until recently, work on modality had focused primarily on verbal elements (e.g., modal auxiliaries). Over the last few years, however, the semantics literature has begun to recognize the existence of a class of functional nominal items - modal determiners- that introduce modal contents akin to the ones we see in the verbal domain. For example, the Spanish indefinite “algún” in (3) contributes information about the speaker’s epistemic state (that she does not know what book Juan bought), like "might" in (1). 2) Juan compró algún libro Juan bought algún book ‘Juan bought some book or other’ This project will improve our understanding of natural language modality through a cross-linguistic description and analysis of modal determiners, thereby bringing together two classic domains of research (modality and determiners) that have had very limited overlap until now. The study will gather data from Catalan, Spanish and English, using two complementary methodologies (extraction of corpus data and written questionnaires), analyze these data using the methods of formal semantics and pragmatics, and examine the consequences of this research for the theory of modality. The last phase of the investigation will involve designing a follow-up project on Catalan Sign Language, a language for which there exists strong expertise in the host group, but where modal determiners have never been investigated.

Keywords: indefinites,determiners,modality,formal semantics.
Schemata Violation Increases Creative Cognition: the When and How. (CREA.TA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 270312.9
EU funding (EUR): 270312.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the key outcomes of the recent economic and political transformations in Europe is that people are more and more mobile: they move countries, change professions and challenge old power relations. In doing so, they increase the diversity and complexity of social structures to new heights. For instance, more often we see women embracing positions of power (e.g., Angela Merkel, the female chancellor of Germany), employees living and working outside their country of birth (e.g., Poles work in Germany, and Brits retire in Spain), and previously “invisible” minorities embracing roles and positions that they had previously been barred from (e.g., Paralympics competitors). From a psychological point of view, instances like this violate peoples’ schemata – generalized mental structures used to store information and make predictions about the world. This increased complexity in the organization of societies, and the schemata-violation that comes with it, could have profound consequences to creativity and innovation. Building on preliminary findings from the RF's PhD and postdoctoral work, we present a theoretical model explaining when and how schemata-violation increases creativity. We propose nine experiments to systematically test the idea that the relationship between schemata-violation and creative cognition is mediated by approach and avoidance motivation, contingent upon individuals’ epistemic motivation. We argue that whether individuals want to approach or avoid the schemata-violating stimuli is crucial to creativity outcomes. The main objective of the fellowship is to test the above theoretical model, and to train the RF in the theories and measurement of approach and avoidance motivation. Excellent training and research facilities at the University of Rochester (outgoing phase, with Prof. Elliot) and the University of Amsterdam (return phase, with Prof. De Dreu) will ensure a successful execution of this project.

Keywords: social psychology,creativity,innovation,approach and avoidance,epistemic motivation,diversity,schemata-violation,counter-stereotypes
Dual Citizenship Recognition and Equal rights in Germany: Construction of a (Trans)national Form of Citizenship in 21st Century Europe (TRANSFORNATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Migration, E-U integration and equalisation of rights between men and women as to maintaining and passing nationality have led to the increase of dual citizenship, which has become a main political issue in many European countries and a key topic to understand the transformation of civil societies. Built on political anthropology of the State, the project focuses on nowadays’ Germany to see how issues about the recognition of this status can be understood within the reconfiguration of EU-immigration policies. Through an ethnographic approach, it studies both dual citizenship politics and experiences to build a multi-dimensional model of nation and immigration issues in the European context. (1) It examines the moments of problematisation of a dual citizenship issue in Germany, since 1989 until the last controversy about its full recognition in spring 2013 in the light of historical and political transformation of society and the democratic configuration of German politics. (2) It analyses the discursive strategies and collective actions that aim at the full recognition of dual citizenship. (3) It studies the legal and administrative practices that frame the way in which German State tolerates dual citizenship. (4) It explores, through personal narratives, the everyday experience of German dual citizens with different backgrounds to show how gender, race and social class guide the uses of dual citizenship. With a comparative approach to differentiated migration experiences, it figures out how this status may weave into patterns of everyday life. The project fills a void as it proposes an new approach to dual citizenship at the intersection between political anthropology of the State and ethnography of everyday life. Opening perspectives to Germany is an asset for my career development: it allows me to expand empirical and theoretical knowledge, to acquire a high-level experience in qualitative research and to strengthen fluency in German.

Keywords: dual citizenship,eu-immigration policies,nation,equal rights,anthropology of he state,social movement,gender,race,everyday life,sociology of law,ethnography,germany
The Manufacturing of Scaffolds from Novel Coated Microspheres via Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Temporomandibular Joint Tissue Engineering (SPHERESCAFF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 245897.9
EU funding (EUR): 245897.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project goal is to manufacture scaffolds for tissue engineering from novel coated microspheres. Such scaffolds have a high potential to be used in bone and cartilage regeneration in orthopaedic or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) applications. Monodisperse microspheres that allow encapsulation of growth factors have been developed at the University of Kansas (KU). Prof. Detamore from KU and I worked on using selective laser sintering (SLS) to sinter microspheres that have a coating to satisfy biological and mechanical needs of a scaffold with a composite material. SLS and other additive manufacturing (AM) techniques allow to create three dimensional structures with internal architectures, which is not possible by the process currently used to make scaffolds from the microspheres. We were successful with large microspheres in initial trials and need to bring down the microsphere size for the proposed use in tissue engineering for the TMJ, especially for use with the animal models for early stage (rabbit) and pre-clinical studies (pig) beyond my project scope. The challenge is to apply even coatings with a predefined thickness on microspheres with a diameter of 50-200 μm in a circulating fluidised bed. In addition, we want to establish a non-thermal AM technique for the use with microspheres by adaption of 3D printing techniques to allow inclusion of growth factors. The research is complemented by cell culturing to investigate the performance of the scaffolds generated via the AM techniques. Bringing the microsphere technology and the associated TMJ research to Europe and joining it with my expertise in AM enables me to set up an independent research group that can gain high visibility in the international TMJ research community. The project includes training on the circulating fluidised bed, cell culturing and harvesting of cells from the cord, grant writing to apply for US funding and further collaborations with institutes around the world, and outreach activities.

Keywords: tissue engineering,scaffolds,microspheres,additive manufacturing,process optimisation,composites,cell harvesting,cell culturing
Synthesis of trifluoromethylstyrene compounds via gas-liquid photoredox catalysis in continuous-flow microreactors (PHOTOFLOW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183469.8
EU funding (EUR): 183469.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this Marie Curie proposal, trifluoromethylstyrene compounds will be prepared via gas-liquid two-phase photoredox catalysis in a continuous-flow microfluidic system. Different influencing factors such as catalysts, substrates, solvents, light irradiation, temperature, and residence time will be systematically investigated. In order to thoroughly understand the reaction mechanisms of gas-liquid photoredox catalysis for synthesis of trifluoromethylstyrene compounds, we will study its reaction kinetics via Taylor flow in the same microreactor system. The mass transfer limitation as well as the mechanism of distance-to-time transformation in microfluidic Taylor flow will be studied in order to obtain the intrinsic kinetic data. The reaction rate constants will be measured at different reaction temperatures, and the reaction activity energy will be calculated according to the Arrhenius equation. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters for different substrates such as electron–poor and –rich arylamines will be measured and compared, and possible mechanisms for the photoredox catalytic synthesis of trifluoromethylstyrene compounds will be proposed. Through this Marie Curie project, we will establish a complete strategy for producing trifluoromethylstyrene compounds via gas-liquid photoredox catalysis in a microfluidic system and develop the means to study the reaction kinetics of gas-liquid photoredox catalysis by microfluidic Taylor flow. During this fellowship, the applicant will aim to enhance his competencies needed to reach the level of a mature researcher, and to establish a wide network with excellent experts in academia and industry. Becoming an internationally recognized researcher in the fields of microreactor technology, flow chemistry and process intensification is the primary career objective of the applicant for this Marie Curie project.

Keywords: microreactors,process intensification,flow chemistry,photoredox catalysis,homogeneous catalysis,taylor flow,reaction kinetics,mass transfer,multi-phase flow
Quantification of Past Ocean Circulation (OCEANQUANT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 277296.8
EU funding (EUR): 277296.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Global warming is expected to critically affect human society, economic growth and biodiversity. In order to better predict future changes of the climate system and to potentially develop adaptation and mitigation strategies, modern science has been looking back to the past to assess the feedback reactions of the global climate system under varying boundary conditions. However, incomplete understanding of the quantitative role of physical and biogeochemical mechanisms hinders comprehensive models to reliably simulate past climate variability, thereby hampering robust predictions of the future evolution of the climate system. The meridional overturning circulation of the oceans plays an instrumental role in modulating climate by storing and redistributing heat, salt, carbon and nutrients around the planet. This proposal focuses on investigating the interactions between climate and ocean circulation, as gleaned from the testimony of paleoceanographic records. These records extend beyond the noise of recent decadal oscillations, to provide an independent perspective on the links between climate and ocean dynamics. Former studies found significant re-organisations of ocean dynamics during the last glacial cycle, but were not able to provide robust, quantitative estimates of past changes in ocean circulation. This research proposal aims at providing transformational constraints on the role of the ocean in driving climate change. The innovative dimension of the proposed research resides in the combined approach involving cutting edge analytical techniques and state-of-the-art model simulations. The proposed research will provide unprecedented quantitative, large-scale estimates of past changes in ocean circulation enabling more reliable predictions of future climate change.

Keywords: paleoclimatology,paleoceanography,quantification of past atlantic/pacific meridional overturning circulation,231pa/230th,14c,atmospheric co2,box model,bern3d
Effective Theories for Strong Interactions: Precision Tools to Meet Experiment (EFTSTRONG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268685.6
EU funding (EUR): 268685.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The strong force is one of the four fundamental interactions of nature. It is responsible for binding together the constituents of atomic nuclei and for making up the vast majority of the mass of the visible universe. According to present understanding, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory governing strong interactions. Understanding how QCD gives rise to the whole complex phenomenology of nuclei and particles affected by strong forces is one of the great theoretical challenges of our time. Modern experiments, like the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, are probing our knowledge of strong interactions at an unprecedented level of precision. Exploiting the full potential of these experiments requires improved calculations in QCD. A precise understanding of the QCD background and the analysis of new observables are crucial to unambiguously identify signals of physics that is not described by the Standard Model of the presently known fundamental constituents of matter. In my project I exploit the powerful tools of theories formulated in terms of effective degrees of freedom to provide accurate analytic solutions of QCD by means of rigorous, systematically improvable approximations. In the high-energy regime, I will employ novel ideas and computational techniques to gain theoretical control on the physics governing the phenomena we observe at electron-positron and proton-proton colliders. I will formulate predictions beyond the state of the art for observables which are of great interest for ongoing experiments at CERN. For energy scales up to 1 GeV, I will employ new methods to improve calculations of strong-interaction effects in quantities measured to high precision to validate the Standard Model and determine its fundamental parameters. The comparison of my results with data will enable more stringent test of models of New Physics.

Keywords: standard model,strong interactions,quantum chromodynamics,effective field theories,collider physics,flavor physics
A second metagenomics generation to better understand plant virus ecology and evolution (GEOMETAGENOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-24
End date: 2017-08-23
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 300384.3
EU funding (EUR): 300384.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the dynamics of viral diversity at interfaces between preserved and cultivated areas is a necessary major step towards understanding the molecular evolutionary processes underlying the emergence of plant viruses as agricultural pathogens. This project is likely to yield large volumes of novel information both on natural viral diversity associated with threatened ecosystems, and on the impact of human mediated disturbances on this diversity. Our first objective is to decipher contemporary plant viral dynamics within a defined spatiotemporal framework located in the fynbos biome of South Africa, and to assess the impact of fire and agriculture upon fynbos plant viral biodiversity. Our second objective is to retrieve virus sequences from preserved herbarium specimens to analyze past viral diversity. Our third objective is to specifically target an entire virus family (Geminiviridae) in order to understand the evolutionary processes by which geminivirus have emerged over the past two centuries to become important crop pathogens. During the colonization era these viruses jumped from their indigenous African hosts into the exotic crop species introduced by Europeans. Following adaptation to these hosts some of these newly emergent virus strains spread across the continent to become what are today among the most important biotic threats to African food security. During the outgoing phase, I will be joining Dr Martin’s group (Univ. of Cape Town), who has an extensive track record in both the experimental and computational analysis of virus evolution and genetic diversity. I firmly believe that this project will be the first step in my development as a world-leader in the field of virus evolutionary-ecology research that could credibly apply for and obtain ERC Advanced Grants and will enhance transnational access to research infrastructures for African and European researchers, and directly promote integration of African and European research enterprises.

Keywords: plant virus,evolution,ecology,biodiversity,herbaria,geminivirus,adaptation,next-generation sequencing,fynbos,western cape,south africa