Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Simulating Coherent Control with Spectroscopic Accuracy (COCOSPEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164669.77
EU funding (EUR): 164669.77
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In recent years, impressive advances have been made in coherent control. Most current experiments rely on adaptive feedback control, which often generates optical fields too complicated to allow for mechanistic interpretation. We will use sophisticated models based on Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory (MQDT) to simulate experiments in benchmark molecules H2, NO, H2O, HCO and NO2 with spectroscopic accuracy. This will allow us to examine control mechanisms in detail and develop analytic tools for a broad range of time-resolved and ultrafast experiments. Initial studies will aim to control the branching ratio between dissociation and ionization in NO, in collaboration with experiments by Dr. Pratt at ANL (USA) and Prof. Fielding at UCL (UK). We will also simulate recent experiments by Prof. Suzuki at RIKEN (JP), who observed the time-resolved photoelectron distribution from dynamically aligned NO molecules. Subsequently, we will extend the theoretical model to include explicitly the effect of static electric fields and the dynamics associated with long-range vibrational states. The former will allow us to simulate a new category of quantum control experiments being developed, while the latter will allow analysis of recently observed spectra in H2 by Prof. Ubachs at VU (NE), and may open the door to coherent control experiments in that spectral region. The final, and main, stage of the project will investigate weak and strong field coherent control and ultrafast spectroscopy in polyatomic molecules, such as HCO, H2O and NO2. These polyatomic systems provide a major step towards real chemical complexity, and, in addition to competition between ionization and dissociation, rotational alignment and selective dynamics, they offer an example of chemical rearrangement reactions. We should be able to compare our calculations directly with experiments done by Dr. Pratt in order to uncover the underlying principles of quantum dynamics and coherent control.

Keywords: coherent control,spectroscopy,excited state dynamics,molecular physics,chemical physics
Roles and mechanisms of action of activin in skin cancer (ACTIVIN AND CANCER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 34.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181368.45
EU funding (EUR): 181368.45
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The increase in skin cancer incidence in the past years has made the search for new therapeutic approaches to prevent or cure these malignancies a major research challenge. Importantly, the development of new therapies depends on a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these threatening disorders. The growth and differentiation factor activin A regulates a variety of processes, among them cutaneous homeostasis and repair. Most interestingly, recent results from the host laboratory revealed a pro-tumourigenic role of activin A in a mouse model of chemically-induced skin carcinogenesis, which is exerted via stromal cells, most likely the mast cells. The goal of the proposed project is to investigate the mechanisms underlying this pro-tumourigenic function of activin A. First, the contribution of mast cells to this effect will be determined. For this purpose mast cells will be depleted in activin A-overexpressing mice using a genetic approach, and the mice will be subjected to a chemical skin carcinogenesis protocol. In parallel, other stromal cell type(s), by which activin A might exert its pro-tumourigenic effect, will be identified. Moreover, the role of activin A in other tumour models will be determined by breeding the activin A-overexpressing mice to transgenic mice that develop papillomas without any physical or chemical treatment and to mice susceptible to malignant melanoma development. The study will be complemented by analysis of activin expression in human skin cancer biopsies. This analysis will allow us to define the roles and mechanisms of action of activin in the development of cutaneous tumours and may provide information on the potential use of activin antagonists or inhibitors of activin receptor signaling for the treatment of skin cancer. Knowledge gained from this study will thus not only be important for basic research, but will also be relevant for clinical practice.

Keywords: medical sciences,dermatology,anticancer therapy
First-order Modal Logics for the Specification and Verification of Multi-Agent Systems (FOMMAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-20
End date: 2011-07-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 163702.68
EU funding (EUR): 163702.68
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The FoMMAS research project aims at extending to first-order the typical formalisms for multi-agent systems (MAS), i.e., epistemic and temporal modal logics, in order to develop new formal tools and techniques for MAS specification and verification by model checking. Our objectives are to investigate the theoretical properties of these formalisms (axiomatisability, decidability, complexity), and to develop a toolkit for automatic verification via model checking. We intend to apply this tool to the verification of concrete scenarios, i.e., web services and security protocols. Propositional modal temporal and epistemic logics are widely used as specification languages in MAS. Still, quantification in specifications is so natural and convenient that it should be brought explicitly into the language. Although first-order modal logic is frowned upon because of its undecidability, recent progress in this area has weakened this objection. Firstly, the model checking problem has sensibly lower complexity in comparison to satisfability. Secondly, recent work in quantified modal and temporal logic has shown that useful fragments are axiomatisable and even decidable, raising hopes that some quantified MAS logics may also be axiomatisable. The FoMMAS research project aims at making progress on the subject of first-order temporal epistemic logic and its application to MAS specification and verification. The objectives of FoMMAS are: 1) To develop first-order temporal epistemic languages for MAS specification, and to provide them with a computationally grounded semantics. 2) To apply these formalisms to the analysis of relevant MAS scenarios, such as security protocols and web services. 3) To study the formal properties of these MAS logics (axiomatisability, decidability, complexity). 4) To develop formal methods and a toolkit for verification via model checking, and to evaluate the performance of the tool in the MAS scenarios in (2).

Keywords: computer engineering,mathematical logic,first-order temporal and epistemic logics,multi-agent systems,formal methods in computer science,verification by model checking.
International criminal law as a tool for enhancing the protection of cultural heritage (CULTURAL HERITAGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2010-12-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 102742.84
EU funding (EUR): 102742.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

International law provides both for State responsibility and individual criminal liability for the destruction of cultural property in the event of armed conflict. In this respect, relevant provisions are incorporated in the Statutes of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and of the International Criminal Court (ICC). On the other hand, there are no binding international provisions criminalizing attacks against cultural property in times of peace. The only relevant instrument adopted until today is the UNESCO Declaration Concerning the Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage, adopted in October 2003, in the wake of the destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan by the Talibans. The aim of this research project is to ascertain whether the case-law of the ICTY builds in the direction of filling the existing gap in the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict and in times of peace, at least as far as the implementation of individual criminal liability is concerned. ICTY case-law is not only important per se, but also because it may be an important reference for domestic judges applying international criminal law as well as, in the near future, for the ICC. The precedents set by the ICTY judges could be taken into account in cases where crimes under a State’s jurisdiction or under the jurisdiction of the ICC were committed in time of peace. It seems thus appropriate to study at length ICTY case-law and to search for other relevant examples of domestic and international jurisprudence in this field in order to see how far this trend is going in filling the existing gap and in creating a regime of international individual criminal liability for acts against cultural property both in times of war and peace. In particular, consideration will be given to the contribution of the European Court of Human rights to the protection of cultural rights and to the measure adopted by European states and in EU law.

Keywords: international criminal law,human rights,cultural heritage,war crimes,crimes against humanity,genocide,icty,european court of human rights
Spin and Many-Body Interaction Phenomena in Semiconductor Nanostructures (SPINMANYBODYSEMINANO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 222124.02
EU funding (EUR): 222124.02
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose systematic extensive investigations of many-body spin phenomena in semiconductor nanostructures, with a goal to find effective magnetic/spin mechanisms to tailor various electronic anisotropies, potentially useful in device structures. The two principal Bychkov-Rashba (BR) and Dresselhaus (D) spin-orbit interactions (SOI) will be explored. We plan to calculate the anisotropy of the Friedel oscillations and of the many-body renormalization of the electron mass. We propose to design a device scheme to control the effective mass through the relative strength of the BR and D couplings. We’ll study the effect of exchange and correlations on the SOI induced anisotropy of plasmons. Another goal is to investigate the SOI effects on the charge and spin Coulomb drag (CCD and SCD). We&apos;ll focus on two effects, related to (i) the new drag channel, induced by the inter-chirality transitions, and (ii) the dominance of large-angle-scattering events in CCD and SCD. This requires accurate calculations with the use of the exact Lindhard polarization function. Recently we have shown that SCD is suppressed in wide quantum wells. Here we propose to study a crossover from Coulomb to phonon-mediated spin drag with an increase of the carrier density and the well width. Another goal, related to the phonon system, is the calculation of spectral and damping properties of new complexes, coupled plasmon-optical phonon modes, in the presence of BR+D SOI. Next we propose to study spin phenomena in hybrid ferromagnetic-semiconductor nanostructures. We will focus on the SOI induced modifications of the magnetic edge states (the snake and cycloid orbits of electron spin) and on the induction and manipulation of spin currents along magnetic interfaces. Finally, we’ll study side jump SOI as a mechanism to induce Spin Hall Drag in bilayers, coupled via Coulomb interaction. We put forward a method to probe electron spins in spatially separated layers with many-body interaction, and vice versa.

Keywords: physical sciences,physics,condensed matter properties,physics of semiconductors,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties
Coordination of patterning and growth in the developing neural tube (PATTERN AND GROWTH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2012-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171300.62
EU funding (EUR): 171300.62
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Developing organs are patterned as they grow, but it is poorly understood how patterning and growth are coordinated to produce tissues of correct final proportions. In the vertebrate nervous system, neuronal type specification occurs in parallel with progenitor proliferation and differentiation. In the ventral neural tube, a Sonic hedgehog (Shh) morphogen gradient organizes the pattern of neuronal progenitors, and also influences their proliferation. How these two processes are coordinated and whether Shh provides the link between patterning and growth is poorly understood. This is in part due to the lack of high-resolution quantitative data that captures the dynamic changes in proliferation, specification and Shh signaling in neural cells. To address this issue, I will first perform high-resolution spatiotemporal lineage tracing, as well as in vivo analyses in combination with molecular markers for cell fate and cell cycle progression. These data will be used to build a mathematical model that captures the types and rates of division specific to distinct cell types, positions and times. With this framework, I will quantitatively analyze conditions where growth, pattern or Shh signaling are affected to test the logic of how these are coordinated in mouse and chick. Finally, I will examine in vivo, using Shh activity reporters, how signaling at the single cell level is converted to specific proliferation and specification responses. Together, this project provides a novel opportunity to understand the fundamental principles that govern tissue pattern and growth. In addition, it may also have implications for understanding disease states in which growth and cellular differentiation are disrupted.

Keywords: developmental biology,neural tube,morphogen gradient,growth,patterning,sonic hedgehog,gli,neurobiology
Imaging Photochemistry in Nanoparticles (IPHON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 127912.99
EU funding (EUR): 127912.99
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose Fellowship dealing with the photochemistry of free nanoparticles. More specifically, we concentrate on molecules embedded in the cluster environments. One example are systems of atmospheric relevance - attaching hydrogen halides, NOx or HNO3 on water clusters can mimic chemistry on the polar stratospheric clouds. As the second example the hydration of biomolecules can provide a bridge between behavior of isolated molecules and more complex biological systems. The Fellow will work with a unique cluster beam apparatus. At an early stage of the fellowship he will extend the apparatus with the ion slicing detection system, which presents the latest development in the field of ion imaging and will provide a substantial increase in sensitivity. When the detection system is designed, build and tested, we propose series of photolysis experiments. They will concern three classes of systems - heterogeneous nanoparticles of atmospheric and biological relevance and organic molecules embedded in rare gas clusters, where the photolysis should lead to synthesis of novel rare gas molecules. Simultaneously with the experiments, the Fellow will participate on the calculations to support interpretation of data in the collaboration with the quantum chemistry group in Prague.

Keywords: molecular chemistry,chemical physics,photochemistry,nanoparticles,clusters
QUALITATIVE THEORY AND NON-DEGENERATE AND DEGENERATE BIFURCATIONS IN n-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS (QURIBIUS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2011-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231036.29
EU funding (EUR): 231036.29
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Dynamical systems theory contains important tools in investigating various theoretical and practical models generated by systems of differential equations. Such models may be found in a lot of areas, ranging from Mathematics, Engineering to Medicine and Psychiatry. In this project we address some unexplored themes in this field. We will study degenerate codimension-2 bifurcations in n-dimensional dynamical systems. Of these bifurcations we will focus on the fold-Hopf degenerate bifurcation, firstly in three dimensional nonlinear continuous dynamical systems and then we will generalize it for n-dimensional dynamical systems. In discrete dynamical systems, an analogous of the continuous fold-Hopf bifurcation will also be addressed. The existence and number of limit cycles in two-dimensional (polynomial, Hamiltonian, perturbed Hamiltonian) continuous and discontinuous differential systems is another objective of this project. Using Melnikov functions of any order we will give new insights on the existence and number of limit cycles in these systems. Finally, we are interested in investigating some practical models.

Keywords: differential equations,chaos theory,dynamical systems theory,bifurcations,attractors,limit cycles.
Diamond Quantum Devices and Biology (BIOQ)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Synergy grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2012-SyG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 10293309.0
EU funding (EUR): 10293309.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many of the most remarkable contributions of modern science to society have arisen from interdisciplinary work of scientists enabling novel imaging and sensing technologies (NMR, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy). BioQ will revolutionize the state of the art to create novel sensing technologies for the broad field of life sciences research that provide unprecedented access and insight into structure and function of individual bio-molecules under physiological conditions and apply these to the observation of biological processes down to the quantum level and with atomic resolution. At this level quantum properties are predicted to play an important role for the function of biological systems subject to environmental noise. BioQ will unravel the interplay of quantum coherent dynamics, molecular vibrations and environmental noise due to molecular vibrations in biological processes and design and carry out experimental tests of its predictions. BioQ will achieve new levels of understanding and control of biological systems, culminating in new ways to interface biological systems with quantum devices. To this end BioQ will exploit the ability of biological systems to arrange themselves into highly ordered structures to form novel hybrid materials of functionalized nano-diamonds that are capable of harnessing complex quantum dynamics at room temperature. A deeper understanding of biological processes will open new roads towards drug design and bio-imaging. The elucidation of energy transport processes and dynamics may pave the way towards the design of more efficient light harvesting systems. Self-assembled hybrid bio-quantum devices provide a novel perspective towards quantum nanotechnology. The broad challenges that this ambitious programme present will be solved by an interdisciplinary team led by three PIs from experimental solid-state physics, theoretical quantum physics and bio-chemistry whose combination of expertise is essential for the success of BioQ.

Keywords: single spin detection,nuclear and electronic spin resonance,colour centers in diamonds,single molecule spectroscopy,quantum effects in biology,protein expression and nanoparticle coatings