Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
'Re-presenting the 'Black Legend': conflict, coalition and the press in early modern Europe' (COCONPRESS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-14
End date: 2016-03-22
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 271943.7
EU funding (EUR): 271943.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This innovative project, to be carried out at Harvard University plus other significant Portuguese collections in Europe, explores the oldest diplomatic alliance in Europe (the ‘Treaty of Windsor’, 1386), which is technically still in force. It explores issues of religious conflict, xenophobia and political propaganda that remain issues in contemporary Europe, providing a historical perspective on European cultural and political integration. Access to American archives and research expertise will bring new methods and materials to this neglected, but significant, alliance. The main output will be a monograph, and an international, interdisciplinary conference in Portugal will develop research networks to publicise research findings to the European academic community. Ratified as an ‘Anglo-Portuguese Alliance’, this pact formed, above all, an alliance against Spain. During the period c.1480-1680 both countries were seafaring empires on the rise, and both saw themselves as having much to fear: from Moorish invasion, from the Jews, but, most especially, from the threat of Spanish domination. The project argues that the rise of the ‘Black Legend’, the systematic demonizing of Spain via the press, was in fact an Anglo-Portuguese alliance. The fear of ‘the other’, of other races and creeds, increased as propaganda about neighbouring countries spread like a virus across the European press. The project will uncover the sources and personnel behind much of this printed literature. It will also uncover the espionage that raged behind the political machines. Newly discovered documents and printed sources in America prove how a Protestant and a Catholic regime united for a common cause: to prevent domination by another country. This will be the first major study to scrutinise their joint actions at home, rather than in the colonies. These complex political manoeuvrings have, for too long, sat in the wings of historical inquiry: this project places them centre stage.

Keywords: humanities,history,politics,religion,publishing,portuguese literature,english literature,spanish literature,bibliography
Market Selection and Aggregate Economic Outcomes (MSAEO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2016-11-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 275914.8
EU funding (EUR): 275914.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Markets play the role of re-distributing resources. Which type of behaviors are rewarded by the exchange? Under which conditions are market capable of rewarding rational better informed agents or profit maximizing firms? Is agents and firms heterogeneity a persistent or transient property? Ultimately, what is the role of market selection in shaping aggregate economic outcomes? Despite little is known on the issue, most of economic models rely on the Market Selection Hypothesis stating that non maximizing economic actors persistently loose wealth in favors of the maximizing ones. In the long-run the former are driven out of the market so that only the latter have an impact on the economy. However, a formal general proof of the selective capability of markets is still missing. Aim of this project is to build upon the recent market selection literature, in particular, preliminary results about its possible failure, and recent techniques for the analysis of random dynamical systems in order to provide a definite check of the Market Selection Hypothesis, both in exchange and production economies. Moreover, we shall use the market selection approach to tackle some specific economic questions, such as the effect of financial innovations on financial markets stability, and the ensuing possible misallocations of resources in financing productive activities. Our research has thus a positive content, namely the characterization of the outcome of market selection under the most general assumptions about agents behavior, and a normative one, namely how to use this knowledge to improve the effect of economic policies.

Keywords: market selection hypothesis,wealth dynamics,heterogeneous agents,incomplete markets,random dynamical systems,market informational efficiency,financial innovations,evolutionary finance
Benthic Iron Cycling in Oxygen Minimum Zones and Implications for Ocean Biogeochemistry (BICYCLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 255453.0
EU funding (EUR): 255453.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Iron (Fe) supply is the limiting factor for primary productivity over vast areas of the modern ocean. In the classical view, river runoff and wind-blown terrestrially derived dust are considered the main sources of bio-available Fe to the ocean. Another, yet poorly constrained source is the reductive recycling of Fe from marine sediments in oxygen-depleted ocean regions, the so-called oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). Anthropogenically induced eutrophication and climate change have caused a significant expansion of OMZs over the last decades. This continuing process of ocean de-oxygenation has the potential to modulate ocean fertility through time, as it enhances the recycling efficiency of bio-available Fe at the seafloor. The exploration of this largely disregarded link in the global Fe cycle is the aim of the present proposal entitled “BICYCLE – Benthic Iron Cycling in Oxygen Minimum Zones and Implications for Ocean Biogeochemistry”. Iron concentrations and Fe isotopes, a novel tracer for Fe source signatures in natural systems, will be analysed in sediments and pore waters across the Peru upwelling area, one of the most extended and dynamic OMZs of the modern ocean. The joint evaluation of reactive Fe contents and Fe isotope signatures in sedimentary archives will yield a quantitative estimate of the various Fe fluxes into and out of the OMZ since the last glacial maximum. Comparing Fe proxies with other tracers for marine conditions will help to explain how benthic Fe cycling may interact with marine productivity, continental weathering and redox conditions over contemporary and paleo timescales. The empirical concepts gained from that will be tested through application of numerical models simulating benthic Fe cycling and Fe export as function of changing environmental conditions. This project directly contributes to the European Union’s endeavour to predict how human-induced environmental change will affect the earth and ocean system in the future.

Keywords: biogeochemistry,oceanography,biochemical and hydrological cycles,paleoclimate (climate change),marine hypoxia,climate change impact (climate change)
Improved Millets for Phosphate ACquisition and Transport (IMPACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-09
End date: 2014-05-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Phosphorus is an essential plant nutrient and is limiting for crop yield on up to 40% of arable land worldwide, including Europe. The major scope of current proposal is the exploitation of strategies to improve the phosphate use efficiency of a key crop, foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Several families of membrane transport proteins are involved in the uptake of Pi from soil and its distribution within the plant. These transport proteins are referred as Pht1. In this study we propose to characterise the Pht1 family of Seteria italica and determine whether manipulation of expression level or affinity for substrate is a useful approach for improving phosphate use efficiency. Molecular approached involved in this study include gene expression studies of the phosphate transporter (Pht1) family from foxtail millet (Seterica italica), construction of a homology models of all expressed SiPht1genes, down regulation of the major low P inducible root and shoot transporters by RNAi, cloning the most significant members of this family and confirm their function by expression in heterologous systems. Site directed mutagenesis guided by the homology model will also be performed to identify important residues. Finally, millet will be transformed with wild type and selected mutants and tested for the performance on different phosphorous regimes. This study underpins the efficient phosphate usage in foxtail millet and help to improve the yield in other crops by utilizing the technology

Keywords: plant growth,plant nutrition,foxtail millet,phosphate transporters,phosphorous,membrane protein,plant transformation
Mobility Optimization: Permits for Emissions from Driving (MOPED)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-03-28
End date: 2015-03-27
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 278807.4
EU funding (EUR): 278807.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Road congestion and emissions are seen as having increasing negative impacts on travelers, environment and economy as a whole. All the evidence suggests that the current trends are not sustainable without effective management of travel demand, and the world will have to confront a series of traffic congestion and air pollution problems caused principally by the unrestricted use of private cars. This proposal will focus on urban travel demand management and propose strategies of managing transport network mobility and reducing congestion and emissions with tradable permits. Firstly, methodological developments focus on transport network equilibrium analysis, traffic bottleneck analysis, greenhouse gas emissions evaluation, traffic flow modelling and algorithms design, and tradable permits market equilibrium will be studied; Secondly, social and spatial equities in the multiple user-classes (with different values of time) network models with tradable permits schemes are further discussed; Finally, a sustainable transport system with tradable permits will be designed and case studies will be implemented in typical cities in EU and other countries with the supports of transport management departments of local government, therefore, innovative and interoperable information and communication technologies based services for smart mobility will be brought, which will also bring low carbon futures by improving the efficiency of vehicle using. This proposal will bring many open and potential value avenues of further studies, and create long term collaborations and mutually beneficial cooperation between Europe and the other countries with existed relationships. The requirements of innovative information and communication technologies will also bring potential public private partnerships in support of industrial competitiveness, and provide a sustainable transport development patterns respond the needs of citizens and support transport policy development.

Keywords: transport economics,road transport technology,sustainable transport system,traffic congestion,vehicles emission,tradable permit
Intensity and timing encoding of naturalistic sounds in auditory brainstem neurons of cats and owls (NONSTATENCODING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207867.6
EU funding (EUR): 207867.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mammals and birds rely heavily on audition to localize prey or escape predator. Many studies demonstrated the high degree of precision the auditory system achieves in encoding sound properties present at both ears, and proposed explanations for underlying mechanisms. For instance, brainstem neurons are sensitive to certain stimulus properties, such as the interaural time difference present at both ears (ITD), or to the phase of the input sound. In order to assess this neural sensitivity, such experiments involves the variation of one stimulus parameter, while keeping the others fixed. Our acoustical inputs are nevertheless mutli-dimensional, e.g. a sound with a certain ITD can have different intensities, with the consequence that neural sensitivity to a certain property does not equate with the information contained about this property. In this project, we propose to study whether the sound encoding capacity of brainstem monaural neurons is robust against changes in stimulus parameters, such as overall intensity and modulation depth. While the few results available on the topic used stationary stimuli, we propose to record and analysis neural responses to non-stationary sounds, both artificial and natural. The use of such non-stationary sounds is crucial for the long-term goal of understanding auditory processing in realistic environments, as they introduce additional constraints for efficient sound encoding. To complement this experimental approach, modeling is used to investigate necessary mechanisms, e.g. dynamical neural threshold, needed to exhibit such invariance of responses to certain input parameters. The outputs of this project will have important consequences, both fundamental and practical, as, for instance, a better understanding of auditory processing of naturalistic stimuli allows refining encoding strategies for auditory prosthetic devices.

Keywords: auditory neuroscience,neural encoding,neurophysiology,theoretical and computational neuroscience,robustness of neural sensivitity
Strongly Correlated Ultracold Rydberg Gases (CORYGAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 167390.4
EU funding (EUR): 167390.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Neutral atoms in highly-excited (Rydberg) states are strongly-polarisable particles, which due to their exaggerated properties can experience quantum effects and interactions over macroscopic distances. Many-body systems of Rydberg atoms offer unique opportunities to create and investigate strong correlations in ultra-cold atomic samples. This work will be devoted to studying the collective effects that arise in the excitation of a dense cold gas towards Rydberg states. Many-body effects caused by Rydberg enhanced interactions can manifest themselves in dramatic ways, such as the generation of entanglement, structure formation, and exotic quantum phases. A new experimental system for studying strongly correlated quantum matter is available for this project. We will investigate the emergence of crystalline order in the excited Rydberg gas due to interactions. A new method to directly image the Rydberg atoms will be developed for this purpose. Finally, the interactions properties of Rydberg atoms will be mapped onto the degenerate, long-lived ground state bath. This will extend the field of ultra-cold gases to the study of new strongly-correlated many-body phases of matter, shedding new light on self-ordering mechanisms and ultimately creating a powerful new platform for quantum information science. It will raise the applicant's international recognition, and establish him inside Europe as a leading researcher in this new and quickly evolving field.

Keywords: atomic physics,many-body effects,structure formation,rydberg gases,quantum gases,long-range interactions
Noninvasive Monitoring of Blood Flow and Oxygen Dynamics as Biomarkers in Cancer Tumours (MOBODICT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168896.4
EU funding (EUR): 168896.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, taking an enormous toll on the society. Early detection is paramount for effective treatment. Afterwards, to individualize and optimize the treatment regime, it is increasingly becoming evident that early and frequent monitoring of the evolution of the tumour physiology in response to treatment is needed. Optical tools are emerging as promising modalities to this end. We will take advantage of this ability to carry out a pilot study to investigate the possibility of extending the use of diffuse optical methods to aid thyroid cancer characterization and therapy monitoring. Thyroid nodules are very common (~27% in adults) and a considerable amount of these, about 5%, develop into cancers. Unfortunately, the sensitivity and specificity of currently used technique for detection of potentially malignant nodules, thyroid ultrasound (US)-guided biopsies, is poor, making diagnosis and treatment difficult. We believe that optical methods will improve this. Furthermore, malignant tumours usually attract the formation of new and chaotic blood vessels via a complex process called angiogenesis. This has been exploited by the development of numerous treatment methods that rely on the inhibition of angiogenesis. However, it has also been observed that despite initial successful inhibition of angiogenesis, tumours may adapt and regain angiogenesis so that they can grow again. We will investigate this onset of tumour resistance by developing a novel, new 3D optical scanner for diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) in mouse models. If we are successful, we would advance the frontiers on basic understanding of cancer biology and explore new clinical applications of optical technologies.

Keywords: oncology,anticancer therapy,physical sciences,applied optics,angiogenesis,metastasis,thyroid cancer,diffuse correlation spectroscopy,near infrared spectroscopy
PASSERINE BIRD EVOLUTION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY (BIRDEVOBIOGEO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Islands and archipelagos have fascinated ecologists and biogeographers for centuries. As natural evolutionary laboratories that have distinct boundaries and come in all sizes, they are ideal for testing theories about evolution, biogeography and ecology. The Indo-Pacific region constitutes the largest concentration of islands and archipelagos on the planet providing an ideal setting for testing such theories. This project will focus on a large radiation of passerine birds, the core Corvoidea (crows and allies). The core Corvoidea originated in the mid-Tertiary in Australia, from where members dispersed into the Indo-Pacific archipelagos and onwards to other continents. Today the core Corvoidea is a very successful group in terms of distribution and species numbers, occurring in the Indo-Pacific as well as on all continents. Until recently, little molecular data was available for the group, hampering ecological, evolutionary and biogeographical analyses and interpretations. However, this has changed dramatically and molecular phylogenies now exist, including roughly about 85% of all the species. With this molecular data in hand there is an unprecedented possibility of actually testing evolutionary and biogeographical ideas and theories about the history of this group and the reasons for its success with state-of-the-art evolutionary and ecological statistical tools and software. Imperial College London has a great tradition of using large datasets and phylogenies to answer questions pertaining to patterns of diversity, evolution, community assembly and biogeography. Thus, the combination of a well resolved and well sampled molecular framework including more than 700 passerine bird species, and an institution with a history of using advanced bioinformatic and statistical methods to address evolutionary questions, provides an ideal environment for advancing the understanding of island biogeography, island evolution and island community assembly.

Keywords: environmental biology,phylogeny,population biology,tropical ecosystems,conservation biology,biogeography,functional biology,molecular evolution,systematic zoology,zoogeography