Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Medieval Publishing from c. 1000 to 1500 (MedPub)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Finland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1497684.0
EU funding (EUR): 1497684.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Without written transmission, the communication of any learned topic from ancient and medieval times, from theology and philosophy to medicine, science and history, would be snapped and broken. Transmission relies on the fact of ‘publication’. But what does ‘publishing’ mean in the context of a manuscript culture, in which books were copied slowly and singly by hand? What did it mean to ‘publish’ a book in Western Europe in the Middle Ages? MedPub attempts to understand in breadth and depth, for the first time, the medieval act of publishing. The question it seeks to answer is how did Latin authors publish original works during the period from c. 1000 to 1500. The project’s research hypothesis is that publication strategies were not a constant but were liable to change, and that different social, literary, institutional, and technical milieux fostered different approaches to publishing. The act of publishing, therefore, evolved over time, reacting to changes in the wider world. This is a new proposition and opens a new field of study. Results from the project will make a major contribution to our perception of medieval Latin literature—which is the largest surviving body of evidence for the Middle Ages—and even medieval European societal dynamics. The time-frame, c. 1000–1500, embraces Latin literary culture in its high-medieval maturity and its more complex late-medieval developments, ending with a transitional period characterized by the co-existence of the manuscript book and the printed book and witnessing the emergence in Europe of what was to become modern publishing.
Silver Isotopes and the Rise of Money (SILVER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: France,France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2496242.5
EU funding (EUR): 2332285.0
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Silver was the primary metal of economic exchange and military finances in ancient Mediterranean and Near-Eastern societies. Silver isotopes will help quantify monetization of these societies by identifying Ag mineral sources, monetary sinks, and its major transfer routes. High-precision stable Ag isotope analysis initiated in Lyon has shed new light on the provenance of silver coinage. This is because Ag isotopes are distinctive of coinage’s intrinsic value in contrast to traditionally-used Pb and Cu isotopes, which may characterize impurities or additives. The common belief that PbS (galena) ores accounted most of the silver mined in the antique world will be tested. We will extract Ag from ores around the Mediterranean and test PbS prevalence over As and Sb sulfosalts and low-temperature ores with Ag, Cu, and Pb isotopes and trace elements. Our work will address major questions: (i) understand the sources of unminted silver as a precursor to coinage; (ii) use Ag isotope fingerprinting of the earliest coinages of Athens to identify the contributions of Greek mines to the development of the world’s first democracy; (iii) map the Greek and Persian mines which sourced the treasure captured by Alexander the Great, and investigate the spread of its silver; (iv) study the causes of the monetary reform of the Roman Republic in 211 BC; and (v) model the silver cycle from mines to coinage and artefacts in its economic context. In the short term this project represents radical scientific innovation, which will pave the way for a global and quantitative understanding of the history of monetary development in the ancient Mediterranean. In the long term, it will contribute to the emergence of a community of analysts, numismatists and economic historians with shared expertise about the monetization of ancient societies and their management of precious metal resources.

Keywords: museum collections,ore deposits
CMOS compatible and ultra broadband on-chip SiC frequency comb (SiComb)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Israel,Belgium,Sweden,France,Denmark
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2914295.0
EU funding (EUR): 2914295.0
Participants: 7
Project status: SIGNED

A CMOS compatible and ultra broadband on-chip Silicon Carbide frequency comb (SiComb) is going to be demonstrated for the first time by this project. It is achieved by an interdisciplinary collaboration effort of combing unique optical nonlinearity of SiC, growth of low optical loss SiC thin film and fabrication of high quality factor microresonators. As an enabling technology, the on-chip frequency comb is deemed to have far profound impact on diverse areas of science and engineering, including sensing, timekeeping, distance ranging, searching for exoplanets as well as optical communication. For example, the application of this frequency comb in optical communication as a WDM light source will be demonstrated in this project to show the energy saving and the data traffic handling beyond 100 Tb/s. Compared to frequency combs made from AlGaAs, Lithium Niobate etc, SiC has material sustainability advantages: environmentally friendly, biocompatibility, and extended device lifetime and efficiency, which opens new application potentials. In this ambitious 3-years project, SiComb consortium (7 partners from both academic and industrial sectors) with complementary strengths of SiC material growth, device nanofabrication, nonlinear optics and optical communication systems will collaborate to demonstrate the non-incremental and ground-breaking ultra broadband SiC frequency comb chips, with synergy effect at European level. These results will build leading research and innovation capacity on SiC optical devices and applications across Europe and enhance the competiveness and growth of industrial partners. It will also align with European advancement in frequency comb efforts, as well as innovation competence to position Europe in forefront of technologies in the research and innovation. The future market implementation and utilization is expected to have a strong momentum given by the results and stakeholder establishment in the SiComb project.

Keywords: microresonator frequency comb,silicon carbide,cmos compatible,nonlinearity,optical chip
Molecular Imaging of Microglia (MIM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-05-01
End date: 2022-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The societal burden of brain disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease is enormous and is considered one of the world’s most important health challenges. They affect millions of people worldwide and the annual healthcare costs are high and are increasing with the aging population. There is an immediate need to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of these disorders. Particularly, the important role of the brain-specific immune cells called microglia needs to be unravelled. Microglia become activated upon inflammation in the brain and its activation covers a wide spectrum of activation states, ranging from stimulating the inflammation (pro-inflammatory status) to reducing the inflammation (anti-inflammatory status). To fill the current knowledge gaps regarding the role and regulation of the different activation states of microglia, I will use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. My host institution has recently succeeded in developing a PET tracer for imaging pro-inflammatory microglia. However, there is no complementary tracer existing for selective imaging of the anti-inflammatory status. In the proposed project, I will develop a PET tracer targeting the P2Y12 receptor, a receptor over-expressed on anti-inflammatory microglia. To achieve this, I will use an interdisciplinary approach spanning from computational medicinal chemistry through synthetic organic chemistry and radiochemistry to in vitro and eventually in vivo evaluation studies in an animal model for MS. A successful PET tracer will find widespread application in the research regarding brain disorders and ultimately guide drug development and treatment opportunities. On a personal level, the proposed project will have a substantial impact on my career, as new skills in neuroimaging, computer-aided drug design and in vitro evaluation techniques will complement my previous expertise in organic chemistry, radiochemistry and PET tracer development.

Keywords: pet imaging,neuroinflammation,microglia,multiple sclerosis,p2y12 receptor antagonists,molecular modelling
Greek Homonationalism: Entanglement of Sexual Politics with Issues of Race and Nationalism in the Case of Lesbian and Gay Movements and Queer Activist Groups in Greece (HomoPolitics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-12-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Contemporary lesbian, gay and queer rights movements in Europe occupy a vital role in local, national and international politics, mobilising a wide range of diverse sub-groups and interests. In light of transnational migration, investigating who is included and who is excluded within these movements is a critical project. Focusing specifically on the case of Greek lesbian and gay rights movements and the recently emergent queer activist groups, the research goal of HomoPolitics is to address, through the use of innovative qualitative methodologies, the entanglement of sexual politics with issues of race and nationalism. It asks: what narratives, images, symbols and representations do Greek lesbian and gay movements and queer activist groups utilise in order to assert their rights to citizenship and who is left out of the imagined “us” they construct? Approaching the well-established lesbian and gay movements as distinct from the newly formed queer groups, the project adopts an intersectional and interdisciplinary perspective in order to explore unequal power relations and practices of exclusion within the movements and groups themselves. Indeed, this is a timely and urgent undertaking since a large number of immigrants, refugees and asylum-seeking populations have arrived in Greece, some of them making sexuality-based refugee or asylum claims. In this light, by analysing attempts at the integration of gay, lesbian and queer immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers into the Greek society, the project aligns with one of the cross-cutting priorities of H2020−Migration. Additionally, it highlights an issue being expected to impact on Greek society in the coming decades−Migration and demographic dynamics challenging European societies (see Horizon 2020: Work Programme 2018-2020. General Introduction).

Keywords: citizenship,discrimination,unequal power relations,integration of migrants
Light assisted solar fuel production by artificial CO2 Reduction and water Oxidation (LICROX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Emerging themes and communities
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Italy,Spain,Switzerland,Switzerland,Denmark
Call: FET Proactive: emerging paradigms and communities (H2020-EIC-FETPROACT-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3199602.5
EU funding (EUR): 3199602.5
Participants: 7
Project status: SIGNED

Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) that mimic photosynthesis belong to the group of direct systems for converting sunlight to stored chemical energy. Common to those is the potential to become more efficient and cost effective because, unlike indirect ones, they do not involve unnecessary steps such as the sunlight to electricity conversion. Despite their greater potential, there is yet no direct conversion device that works on any technological scale. Indeed, there seems to be a large barrier linked to a poor PEC efficiency in absorbing sunlight and driving the catalysis for water oxidation (WO) and selective CO2 reduction (CO2R) to carbon-based compounds to store chemical energy. In addition, most PEC designs incorporate non-abundant or highly toxic elements precluding their future use at a larger scale. In LICROX we will implement a new PEC type incorporating three complementary light absorbing elements driving WO and CO2R. The latter consists of a tandem assembly that combines Cu nanocatalysts with molecular catalysts made of only abundant elements. The best-in-class transition metal oxides for the photo -anode and -cathode semiconductors will be used in the PEC to validate several light trapping mechanisms which have been proven to be very effective in boosting the light harvesting efficiency in thin film solar cells. To accelerate the endeavor of converting the triple junction PEC proposed into a working technology for transforming light and CO2 into compounds capable of storing chemical energy, LICROX brings together an interdisciplinary team of scientists with a comprehensive expertise in materials chemistry, semiconductor physics, electrochemistry, and photonics from EPFL, TUM, ICIQ and ICFO. Designing a strategy by DBT to overcome societal resistance, LICROX will set the route for a new scalable renewable energy technology to be initially pushed towards an industrial implementation and commercialization by AVA, HST and a newly developed spin-off from ICFO.

Keywords: photoelectrochemical cell,artificial photosynthesis,solar fuels,light harvesting,co2 reduction,water,oxidation catalysis,light scattering
Foundations of Type Inference for Modern Programming Languages (TypeFoundry)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999998.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999998.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Many modern programming languages, whether developed in industry, like Rust or Java, or in academia, like Haskell or Scala, are typed. All the data in a program is classified by its type (e.g., as strings or integers), and at compile-time programs are checked for consistent usage of types, in a process called type checking. Thus, the expression 3 + 4 will be accepted, since the + operator takes two numbers as arguments, but the expression 3 + "hello" will be rejected, as it makes no sense to add a number and a string. Though this is a simple idea, sophisticated type system can track properties like algorithmic complexity, data-race freedom, differential privacy, and data abstraction. In general, programmers must annotate programs to tell compilers the types to check. In theoretical calculi, it is easy to demand enough annotations to trivialize typechecking, but this can make the annotation burden unbearable: often larger than the program itself! So, to transfer results from formal calculi to new programming languages, we need type inference algorithms, which reconstruct missing data from partially-annotated programs. However, the practice of type inference has outpaced its theory. Compiler authors have implemented many type inference systems, but the algorithms are often ad-hoc or folklore, and the specifications they are meant to meet are informal or nonexistent. The makes it hard to learn how to implement type inference, hard to build alternative implementations (whether for new compilers or analysis engines for IDEs), and hard for programmers to predict if refactorings will preserve typability. In TypeFoundry, we will use recent developments in proof theory and semantics (like polarized type theory and call-by-push-value) to identify the theoretical structure underpinning type inference, and use this theory to build a collection of techniques for type inference capable of scaling up to the advanced type system features in both modern and future languages.

Keywords: type inference,type systems,type theory,programming languages,proof theory,formal semantics,sequent calculus,bidirectional typechecking
Non-Leptonic Three-Body B Decays: Theory and Phenomenology (NIOBE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 214828.2
EU funding (EUR): 214828.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Tests of the Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics and the search for New Physics (NP) is a central issue in the European program in High-Energy Physics. Weak decays of heavy hadrons have a unique potential for the extraction of SM parameters, the study of CP violation, and the search for NP. Among these, decays of B mesons into three final hadrons are of huge phenomenological interest. They have been studied experimentally at B factories and at the LHC, and will be a cornerstone in the physics program at Belle-II. However, the theoretical basis for such processes has yet not been developed. Through this project, we will establish the theoretical grounds for the description of non-leptonic three-body B decays, from basic principles to phenomenological applications. The theoretical description of three-body decays requires a generalization of the theory of non-leptonic two-body B decays, which is by now well established. It involves factorization of perturbative and non-perturbative physics --most conveniently achieved in the framework of Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET)--, the calculation of perturbative kernels, and the study of non-perturbative matrix elements. However, this generalization is non-trivial and requires addressing new issues and facing new challenges, making this a highly innovative project. We are three the participants in this action: - Javier Virto (Main Researcher), with a wide experience in the theory and phenomenology of B decays, will be the driving force in this project, while receiving an intensive training from two of the developers of the theory of hadronic B decays. - Iain Stewart (US partner), developer of Soft-Collinear Effective Theory. - Martin Beneke (EU Host), developer of the QCD Factorization approach and SCET in position space.

Keywords: flavor physics,quantum chromodynamics,effective field theory,soft collinear effective theory,beyond the standard model,cp violation
COALA - Cloud-based AI-driven and Language-agnostic Customer Support Assistant (COALA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-2, 2019)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2169896.25
EU funding (EUR): 1518927.38
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Customer support industry is suffering from huge inefficiencies, as agents spend 20% of their time looking for information manually, in order to answer to customers. That translates into a cost of €10,400 per support agent annually. For a small company with a support team of 5 people, this adds up to €52,000 annually. In addition to manual search, there are some AI-powered technologies available, but they have several disadvantages. E.g. ticket deflection-based solutions redirect consumers to “help articles” where they can read about possible solution. The drawback of this technology is that it can handle only very simple questions and is not suitable for complex inquiries, therefore often resulting in decreasing customer satisfaction. Template-based solutions require manual creation and regular update of the templates which makes this technology less effective and time-consuming, taking at least 10% of the agents’ time. To solve these problems, Cleverly is developing a language-agnostic AI-based customer support assistant – Coala. This software is based on proprietary Knowledge Powered and General Understanding Technology that can understand conversations, automating repetitive tasks and personalizing user interactions. The main differentiator between us and the competitors is that we are building a generic recommendation model that is scalable across wide range of industries, small and big customer support teams. This has never been done by any other company. Coala provides 20-30% of cost savings annually, at the same time lowering agent turnover by 22%. The global customer experience management market size is expected to reach €29B by 2025 progressing at a CAGR of 22.9%, providing lucrative growth opportunities for Cleverly. Cleverly team is run by a team of serial entrepreneurs with previous startup building and scaling experience globally. The impact of the proposed project is profound: by 2025 we expect to employ 94 people and achieve a project ROI of 26.