Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Interplay of microbiota and gut function in the developing pig – Innovative avenues towards sustainable animal production (INTERPLAY)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Sustainable production and management of biological resources from land, forest, and aquatic environment
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom,France,Germany,Italy,China,Italy,Czechia,Finland
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2008-2B, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3966108.6
EU funding (EUR): 2999711.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

Low input farming occurs under non-SPF (specific pathogen free) conditions. The European ban on in-feed antibiotics exposes the piglets to a higher microbial environmental pressure. The postnatal priming of piglets with a diverse microbiota may affect the development of the piglet’s host-defense and gut functionality. By reversal, the piglets developing host-defense may affect the development of the gastro-intestinal microbiota. Moreover, this intricate interplay between gut microbiota and its host during the early phases of life is expected to also affect animal health and performance later in life. The gut microbiome is an immensely diverse ecosystem that has co-evolved with its host. Recent research on microbe-host interactions has provided novel insights into the role of commensal intestinal microbes in several physiological processes, i.e., from epithelial barrier development to immune development as well as neurological aspects. Nevertheless, we only start to understand the molecular mechanisms of the host microbe cross-talk. Recent conceptual as well as technological advances have set the stage for the integrated application of a complementary set of high throughput approaches for the comprehensive profiling of GIT microbiota composition and functionality as well as the animal’s intestinal function. In a multidisciplinary consortium, comprising 11 public and private partners from across and beyond Europe with complementary expertise in gut microbiomics, immunology and physiology, and animal genomics and nutrition, INTERPLAY will apply an integrated approach to arrive at a sound understanding of the interaction of early colonization of the intestine and the development of gut function. This knowledge will be exploited for the identification of innovative management strategies that address host genotype as well as nutritional means to provide a framework for sustainable animal production at high food and consumer safety and improved animal health and welfare.

Keywords: microbiota,gut function,microbial imprinting,sustainability,neonatal development
Frontiers in Surface Plasmon Photonics - Fundamentals and Applications (PLASMONICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2200000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Surface plasmons have generated considerable renewed interest through a combination of scientific and technological advances. In particular with the progress nanofabrication techniques, the properties of surface plasmons (SP) can now be controlled by structuring metals at the nanometer scale. The overall objective of this proposal is to manipulate and control the properties of the SPs to analyze fundamental phenomena through which new capacities can emerge. The project is divided in four parts with strong overlap: 1) SP enhanced devices: We plan to use the benefits provided by SPs to enhance devices or create new device architectures. Textured metal surfaces, and the associated SP modes, can be used as antennas to extract, capture and control light in a variety of applications that include imaging and polarization sensing, nano-optical elements and detectors. 2) SP circuitry: To achieve complete miniature SP photonic circuits, a number of components to launch SP, control their propagation and finally decouple SP back to light are necessary. Much progress has been made in this direction but many challenges remain at the level of individual components and complete circuits that will be explored. 3) Molecule SP interactions: Molecule - SP strongly coupled interactions are expected to modify extensively photophysical and photochemical processes that will be studied by time resolved techniques. This issue also has implications for generating all optical control needed in SP circuitry. 4) Casimir effect and SPs: The tailoring of the Casimir force by enhancing the contribution of SP modes has been proposed by theoretical studies. Experiments will be undertaken to test the relationship between Casimir physics and plasmonics using nanostructured metal surfaces which could have significant consequences for nano-electro-mechanical systems. For each of these subjects, the objectives are at the cutting edge of the surface plasmon science and technology.

Keywords: surface plasmons,optical devices
European Coordination for Accelerator Research and Development (EUCARD)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to existing research infrastructures
Action type: Combination of CP & CSA
Countries involved: Switzerland,Austria,Germany,Russian Federation,France,Spain,Germany,Germany,Switzerland,Germany,Germany,Germany,Poland,Italy,Poland,Italy,Poland,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Poland,Finland,Finland,France,Malta,United Kingdom,Germany,Sweden,Poland,Austria,Italy
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 52.0
Total project cost (EUR): 32304699.67
EU funding (EUR): 10000000.0
Participants: 39
Project status: CLOSED

Particle physics stands at the threshold of a new era of discovery and insight. Results from the much awaited LHC are expected to shed light on the origin of mass, supersymmetry, new space dimensions and forces. In July 2006 the European Strategy Group for Particle Physics defined accelerator priorities for the next 15 years in order to consolidate the potential for discovery and conduct the required precision physics. These include an LHC upgrade, R&amp;D on TeV linear colliders and studies on neutrino facilities. These ambitious goals require the mobilisation of all European resources to face scientific and technological challenges well beyond the current state-of-the-art and the capabilities of any single laboratory or country. EuCARD will contribute to the formation of a European Research Area in accelerator science, effectively creating a distributed accelerator laboratory across Europe. It will address the new priorities by upgrading European accelerator infrastructures while continuing to strengthen the collaboration between its participants and developing synergies with industrial partners. R&amp;D will be conducted on high field superconducting magnets, superconducting RF cavities which are particularly relevant for FLASH, XFEL and SC proton linacs, two-beam acceleration, high efficiency collimation and new accelerator concepts. EuCARD will include networks to monitor the performance and risks of innovative solutions and to disseminate results. Trans-national access will be granted to users of beams and advanced test facilities. Strong joint research activities will support priority R&amp;D themes. As an essential complement to national and CERN programmes, the EuCARD proposal will strengthen the European Research Area by ensuring that European accelerator infrastructures further improve their performance and remain at the forefront of global research, serving a community of well over 10,000 physicists from all over the world.

Keywords: accelerator
River networks as ecological corridors for biodiversity, populations and waterborne disease (RINEC) (RINEC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1146200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1146200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal hinges on the noteworthy scientific perspectives provided by ecohydrological studies of river basins,seen as a natural laboratory for complex system perspectives integrating hydrologic, ecological and geomorphological dynamics. Moving from morphological and functional analyses of dendritic geometries observed in Nature over a wide range of scales,my claim is that essential processes sustaining human life and societies taking place along dendritic structures can be predicted. Population migrations and human settlements historically proceeded along river networks to follow water supply routes. Riparian systems,critically important ecosystems positioned along streams and rivers, play crucial roles in their watersheds,including nutrient filtering, biogeochemical processing,shade and resource provisioning, and stream bank stabilization. Devastating water-borne disease,such as cholera, and invading foreign species spread through water bodies linked by river networks. Although the dynamics of such systems has been extensively studied, existing approaches were mostly within the framework of mean-field or two-dimensional landscapes that ignore directionality of dispersal implied by the network acting as environmental matrix. How does connectivity within a a river network affect the emergent spreading of water-borne infections? Does the river basin act as a template for biodiversity? Are there hydrologic controls on the spreading of water-borne disease? To answer such questions, the present proposal addresses the study of biodiversity in the river basin (freshwater fish and riparian vegetation); cholera dynamics and zebra mussel invasions along river networks. Observational data and theoretical models, in a comparative mode,will be analyzed within a unified theoretical framework.This is intended to prove of crucial interest for understanding the functioning of river basins as a whole,including its ecosystem structure and function.

Keywords: ecohydrology,biogeochemical cycles,natural resources management,population biology,biodiversity,geomorphology
From Mutations to Metastases: Multiscale Mathematical Modelling of Cancer Growth and Spread (M5CGS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1680974.48
EU funding (EUR): 1680974.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer is one of the major causes of death in the world (particularly the developed world), with around 11 million people diagnosed and around 7 million people dying each year. The World Health Organisation predicts that current trends show around 9 million will die in 2015, with the number rising to 11.5 million in 2030. Cancer growth (viz. solid tumour growth) is a complicated phenomenon involving many inter-related processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and as such presents the mathematical modeller with a correspondingly complex set of problems to solve. This proposal will develop multi-scale mathematical models for the growth and spread of cancer and will focus on three main scales of interest: the sub-cellular, cellular and macroscopic. -- The sub-cellular scale refers to activities that take place within the cell or at the cell membrane, e.g. DNA synthesis, gene expression, cell cycle mechanisms, absorption of vital nutrients, activation or inactivation of receptors, transduction of chemical signals. -- The cellular scale refers to the main activities of the cells, e.g. statistical description of the progression and activation state of the cells, interactions among tumour cells and the other types of cells present in the body (such as endothelial cells, macrophages, lymphocytes), proliferative and destructive interactions, aggregation and disaggregation properties. -- The macroscopic scale refers to those phenomena which are typical of continuum systems, e.g. cell migration, diffusion and transport of nutrients and chemical factors, mechanical responses, interactions between different tissues, tissue remodelling. The proposal is multi-disciplinary in nature and aims to develop quantitative, predictive mathematical models of solid tumour growth which can ultimately be used in planning patient-specific treatment protocols such as chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy.

Keywords: multi-scale mathematical modelling,continuum models,discrete models,differential equations,biomechanical models,mathematical analysis,computational simulation,multi-disciplinary proposal
An Integrated Network on Climate Change REsearch Activities on Shrubland Ecosystems (INCREASE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to existing research infrastructures
Action type: Combination of CP & CSA
Countries involved: Denmark,Denmark,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Italy,Italy,Hungary,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8044593.6
EU funding (EUR): 5999764.47
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The network INCREASE consists of 6 infrastructures (large-scale field sites) with experimental manipulation of climate e.g night time warming and extended summer drought. Within INCREASE we will improve the technology and methodology for studies of climate change effects on European shrublands. The main objectives of INCREASE are: 1. To optimize technologies and methodologies for non-intrusive field manipulation of climate change in shrubland ecosystems by development, testing and application of new technology and methods i) to optimize the field manipulations of warming to 3-4 °C (in agreement with the newest predictions of global warming by the IPCC (2007)), ii) to develop, test and apply the combination of warming and drought and the combination with CO2. 2. To improve and develop non-destructive techniques and methods for measurements of physical, chemical and biological effects of climate. 3. To stimulate collaboration within the scientific community around climate manipulation experiments i) within the infrastructure by means of e.g. common research, common protocols, test of equipment, data syntheses, ii) between the infrastructure and related infrastructures beyond the proposal, and iii) scientists within relevant fields 4. To provide access to a unique set of large scale climate change experiment for European scientists. 5. To develop and provide access to a comprehensive data base of experimental data. 6. To develop and provide access to a dynamic ecosystem model for scrubland ecosystems 7. To test and apply non-destructive methods for ecosystem carbon assessment and important underlying processes of root dynamics and carbon transformations in the soil.

Keywords: climate change,large-scale field facilities,european network,innovative instrumentation,remote sensing
From single neurons to visual perception (NERVI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1706839.0
EU funding (EUR): 1706839.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to develop a formal model of information representation and processing in the part of the neocortex that is mostly concerned with visual information. This model will open new horizons in a well-principled way in the fields of artificial and biological vision as well as in computational neuroscience. Specifically the goal is to develop a universally accepted formal framework for describing complex, distributed and hierarchical processes capable of processing seamlessly a continuous flow of images. This framework features notably computational units operating at several spatiotemporal scales on stochastic data arising from natural images. Mean-field theory and stochastic calculus are used to harness the fundamental stochastic nature of the data, functional analysis and bifurcation theory to map the complexity of the behaviours of these assemblies of units. In the absence of such foundations the development of an understanding of visual information processing in man and machines could be greatly hindered. Although the proposal addresses fundamental problems its goal is to serve as the basis for ground-breaking future computational development for managing visual data and as a theoretical framework for a scientific understanding of biological vision.

Keywords: stochastic calculus,integro-differential equations,dynamic systems,bifurcation theory,computer vision,optical imaging,diffusion magnetic resonance,magnetoencephalography,electroencephalography
HIGHZ: Elucidating galaxy formation and evolution from very deep Near-IR imaging (HIGHZ)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1471200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1471200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Studies of high redshift galaxies require very deep Near-IR imaging. This allows the study of z=2-4 galaxies redward of the Balmer/4000 Angstrom break, and the detection of UV-bright galaxies at z>7. Two new facilities wil revolutionize these studies: the VISTA telescope built for ESO, and the Near-IR channel on WF3 for HST. They will become available at the start of the grant period. We propose to build a group to analyze the imaging data from these facilities. We will make use of the fact that I am Co-PI on the ultra-deep "ULTRA-VISTA" survey on the VISTA telescope, and we will analyze public and privately proposed data from WF3. The following science questions will be addressed: (1) what is the origin and evolution of the Hubble sequence out to z=3, (2) what is the evolution of the Luminosity Function of UV bright galaxies between z=6 to z=11, and what galaxies cause re-ionization, (3) how does the mass function of quiescent and star forming galaxies evolve to z=4, and how do the correlation functions of subpopulations evolve as a function of redshift. A crucial component of this proposal is the request for support for a junior faculty position. This person will take on the lead for the highly specialized data processing, and will supervise the analysis of the selection effects, and other crucial components needed for a proper analysis.

Keywords: high redshift galaxies
Mathematical Physics of Out-of-Equilibrium Systems (MPOES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1293687.0
EU funding (EUR): 1293687.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The purpose of the project is to develop new tools for a mathematical analysis of out of equilibrium systems. My main goal is a rigorous proof of Fourier's law for a Hamiltonian dynamical system. In addition I plan to study various fundamental problems related to transport in such systems. I will consider extended dynamical systems consisting of a large number (possibly infinite) of subsystems that are coupled to each other. This set includes discrete and continuous wave equations, non-linear Schrödinger equation and coupled chaotic systems. I believe mathematical progress can be made in two cases: weakly nonlinear systems and strongly chaotic ones. In the former class I propose to study the kinetic limit and corrections to it, anomalous conductivity in low dimensional systems, interplay of disorder and nonlinearity and weak turbulence. In the latter class my goal is to prove Fourier's law. The methods will involve a map of the Hamiltonian problem to a probabilistic one dealing with random walk in a random environment and an application of rigorous renormalization group to study the latter. I believe the time is ripe for a breakthrough in a rigorous analysis of transport in systems with conservation laws. A proof of Fourier's law would be a major development in mathematical physics and would remove blocks from progress in other fundamental issues of non equilibrium dynamics. I have previously solved hard problems using the methods proposed in this proposal and feel myself to be in a good position to carry out its goals.

Keywords: fourier's law,extended hamiltonian dynamics,random walk in random environment,renormalization group
Search Computing (SECO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Who are the strongest European competitors on software ideas? Who is the best doctor to cure insomnia in a nearby hospital? Where can I attend an interesting conference in my field close to a sunny beach? This information is available on the Web, but no software system can accept such queries nor compute the answer. We hereby propose search computing as the new multi-disciplinary science which will provide the abstractions, foundations, methods, and tools required to answer these and many similar questions. The emerging paradigm of service computing has so far been neutral to the presence of search services, which are equal "inter pares". This proposal brings about a simple yet revolutionary idea: service computing evolves into search computing, a new paradigm where ranking is the dominant factor for composing services. While state-of-art search systems answer generic or domain-specific queries, search computing enables answering questions via a constellation of dynamically selected, cooperating search services. The idea is simple, yet pervasive. New foundational theories are needed, rooted into formal disciplines such as mathematics, statistics, and optimization theory. New language and description paradigms are required for expressing queries and for discovering services. New interfaces and protocols help capturing ranking preferences and enabling their refinement. Semantic domain knowledge helps enriching terminological knowledge about objects being searched. Ranking is always relative to individuals and context, thus the study of personal and social behaviour is also essential. Economical and legal implications of search computing must be understood and mastered. In summary, search computing is a multi-disciplinary effort which requires adding to sound software principles contributions from other sciences such as mathematics, operations research, psychology, sociology, knowledge representation, human-computer interfaces, economical and legal sciences.

Keywords: search engines,ranking,knowledge representation,mathematics,operations research,psychology and sociology of hci,economical and legal sciences