Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Characterization of myoepithelial differentiation in basal-like breast cancer cells (BASAL BREAST CANCER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2010-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169390.93
EU funding (EUR): 169390.93
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Translational research in cancer is one of the thematic priorities within FP7 Health Investigation Programme. Breast cancer is the most frequent tumour type in European women. 20-25% of breast carcinomas express myoepithelial markers, thus showing the basal-like phenotype. Basal-like tumours are typically high-grade, aggressive cancers with poor prognosis. Since basal-like phenotype closely resembles that of breast pluripotent stem cells, it has been suggested that these tumours may originate from the transformation of stem cells that have undergone a block in their differentiation program. The aim of this project is to assess the capacity of basal cells to differentiate to fully functional myoepithelial cells in an attempt to uncover the molecular mechanisms regulating the cell fate decisions made by normal and cancer breast stem cells that drive them to full versus incomplete myoepithelial differentiation. To this end, cell subpopulations with bi-lineage progenitor features will be isolated from basal-like (normal and tumourigenic) breast cell lines and their ability to conduct complete myoepithelial differentiation will be tested. The differentiation process will be further characterized by gene expression profiling in order to identify novel candidate genes involved in this process. The results obtained will be translated to the study of human breast cancer by two complementary approaches: (i) in silico analysis of gene expression data from basal-like tumours, (ii) immunohistochemical studies in normal and tumour breast samples. Finally, in vitro and in vivo functional studies will be performed to further define the role of candidate genes in myoepithelial differentiation. As cancer stem cells are suggested to be resistant to chemotherapy and responsible for tumour recurrence, the possibility to differentiate basal (stem cell-like) carcinoma cells into myoepithelial cells would open new potential avenues for the therapy of these aggressive cancers.

Keywords: oncology,cell biology,breast cancer,basal-like tumours,stem cells,myoepithelial cells,differentiation
Assessment of cognitive dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis using the simultaneous acquisition of event-related potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging during executive tasks. (MS, FMRI, ERP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2010-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162985.98
EU funding (EUR): 162985.98
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one the most important neurological diseases by virtue of its frequency, chronicity and tendency to attack young adults. Cognitive impairment may affect approximately all patients with MS, and has been reported to negatively impact employment, social functioning, quality of life, and the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living, with a high social cost. Nowadays, the way the brain of people affected with MS perform a cognitive task is an enigma still unsolved. On the other hand, the integration of simultaneous event-related potentials (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an emerging method in human brain mapping. Combining their complementary information both methods provide electrophysiological cerebral activity with high temporal resolution and hemodynamic response with high spatial resolution. Our purpose in this research will be to improve the assessment of cognitve dysfunction among MS patients with different stages of the disease using the simultaneous acquisition of ERP/fMRI to obtain physiological and pathological brain activity. In addiction, this temporal-spatial information will be correlated with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scores, a new imaging method that provide markers to assess the macroscopic and microscopic pathology. We have developed a detailed work plan including a first phase to verify the feasibility of co-recording of EEG and fMRI signals and a spatial-temporal description of the processing of stimuli. Thus, these achievements will allow us to obtain a powerful approach to assess performace of cognitive task in MS patients and further application in other neurolical disorders. Results of our ERP/fMRI study will provide unique insights on cognitive function in MS patients with different stages of the disease and the underlying neural basis, providing the first systematic investigation of simultaneous ERP/fMRI recording in these patients.

Keywords: degenerative diseases,muliple sclerosis,cognitive impairment,functional magnetic resonance iimaging,event-related potentials,diffusion tensor imaging,neurophysiology,neurology
Spline-like function spaces with applications to scattered data approximations (SFSASDA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 155986.8
EU funding (EUR): 155986.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We will develop mathematical methods for scattered data approximation that can be used to implement efficient algorithms in signal processing and related areas. So far, the problem of reconstructing an unknown function from a given discrete set of sampling points has been studied in shift invariant spaces, i.e. spaces generated by translates of a function (or finitely many functions). We propose to consider the problem in spaces generated by translates of compressed copies of a function (or finitely many functions) along irregularly spaced points. We are convinced that with our model we will obtain better approximation properties, since it takes into account the structure of the sampling data. The problem will be first studied on the real line, then in the plane and finally on the sphere, where the lack of regular grids requires certainly some modifications. Both the functional analytic side and the computational aspects of the problem will be covered. The candidate has experience in the field of the proposed topic, since her research area is time-frequency analysis, frame theory, sampling theory, shift invariant spaces, etc., which constitute the background of this project. She was member of several research projects related to the topic, her master and Ph.D thesis are connected to the proposed research. The project will be carried out at the Numerical Harmonic Analysis Group (NuHAG), University of Vienna, whose key scientists are Prof. H.G. Feichtinger and Prof. K. Gröchenig. The proposed research center has a leading position in the area of sampling theory, time-frequency analysis, frame theory and wavelet analysis, which makes it the proper environment for the proposed project. The experience that NuHAG has in the mentioned areas and also in training researchers will be helpful in the developing of the professional skills of the proposer. The MC Exc. Grant EUCETIFA (2005-2009) and the cooperation with other PostDocs at NuHAG will support the project.

Keywords: mathematical sciences,time-frequency analysis,approximation theory,irregular sampling,frame theory,riesz basis,wavelets
Characterization of Reactive Oxygen Species as Innate Immune System Mediators that Control Inflammation (ROS IN INFLAMMATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 32.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178454.93
EU funding (EUR): 178454.93
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Biomedical research in the post genomic era will depend on the establishment of collaborative efforts between clinical and preclinical researchers, combining bedside medical research with experimental science. This project stems from initial gene expression studies on immune compromised patients with severe inflammatory disorders. The results allowed us to generate the hypothesis that reactive oxygen radicals are key anti-inflammatory agents in the immune system. We also embrace the novel idea that it is possible to stimulate an innate immune response without exciting harmful inflammation and moreover, that it is possible to identify molecular regulators as potential therapeutic targets that allow such an immune response. The proposed project will be multidisciplinary, incorporating old and new technologies in both the wet and dry lab environments that combine aspects of immunology, cell biology, bioinformatics and clinical microbiology. It will constitute the first comprehensive study of the role of oxygen radicals in inflammation and immunity outside the traditionally described roles of radicals in oxidative microbial killing and neutrophil apoptosis. In addition, it will highlight a novel set of immune regulators with therapeutic potential and provide a template for future biology-based drug discovery platforms that originate in the clinic.

Keywords: health sciences,chronic diseases,infections,immunology
Work around the Clock: effects of shift work on cognitive performance and circadian organization in behavior and physiology. (CLOCKWORK)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 157733.2
EU funding (EUR): 157733.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The 24-h organization of modern economy challenges the daily organization of our internal biological rhythms. Under normal conditions, an orchestra of body clocks, conducted by a central pacemaker in the hypothalamus (suprachiasmatic nucleus, SCN) synchronizes specific behavior and physiology to specific times of day, leading to optimal performance. Shift work conditions may reduce synchrony among body clocks, possibly leading to abnormal physiology and reduced cognitive function. Psychological stress, altered hormone levels, cancer risk, and obesity symptoms in shift workers indicate considerable consequences of internal physiological asynchrony. In this project we will keep mice under different shift work schedules to describe the mechanisms of physiological asynchrony and its consequences. Under normal light dark (LD) cycles, neuronal SCN activity is synchronized to the light, while mice are active and feed during the dark phase. Under shift work conditions, we will force feeding and/or locomotor activity in three shifts over the LD cycle. Behavioral, physiological, metabolic, and cognitive effects will be measured in mice exposed to fast advancing, slow advancing, fast delaying, and slow delaying schedules. At the end of a shift, a metabolic balance profile will be established. Electrophysiological SCN activity phase will be measured in vitro, and mice will be assessed for behavioral and feeding rhythms, for liver activity rhythm (bile acids and enzyme metabolites), and melatonin profiles. This circadian hormone was found at lower levels in shift workers and was correlated with their cancer prevalence. To assess the effects of shift work on psychological stress and cognitive performance, mice will be tested for maze learning and anxiety. The combined description of behavioral and physiological effects will provide strong insights in the impact of different shift work schedules on central and peripheral circadian organisation and cognitive performance.

Keywords: shift work,circadian system,neurobiology,neurophysiology,applied biology,behavioural biology,scn,melatonin,liver rhythms,cognition,obesity
EPISTEMIC REVISABILITY AND A PRIORI SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES (ERASP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161792.99
EU funding (EUR): 161792.99
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Current state of the art in scientific epistemology is governed by the modern doctrine of empiricism which meets problems in explaining cases of scientific knowledge achieved with no apparent use of experience. In his academic part the ERASP project addresses two major problems. The first problem is a scientific one: what is the epistemic engine behind the way science forms and evolves and is contemporary empiricism fully capable of serving this purpose? The second problem is a philosophical one: what is the nature of the a priori notion and how does it depend on the notion of epistemic revisability? Reformulating recent work in scientific epistemology by Michael Friedman (2000) the project would define and critically assess a radically new approach that treats the dynamics of science, the “a priori revisability” approach. It would counterbalance the traditional scientific doctrine of empirical observation and it would address those scientific problems that are either in principle unsolvable or too difficult to resolve by standard epistemology. ERASP addresses the first problem by providing a model that complements current empiricism with epistemology to explain the dynamical change of scientific hypotheses and theories for cases where empiricism fails. With respect to the second problem the project would develop a proposal that attempts to settle the question in a way that aims to receive confirmation both purely philosophically and scientifically. In its training part ERASP has the following objectives that aim to contribute to the development of the independent career of the fellow: Research type objectives - to improve the researcher’s abilities to collect, systematize and analyze relevant data in the state of the art field. Work development objectives – to enhance the researcher’s abilities to critically analyze data and to examine its formal and contextual properties. Presentation objectives –to improve the researcher’s presentation abilities.

Keywords: epistemology,philosophy of science,scientific theories,fundamental scientific principles,a priori,epistemic revisability
Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Lipophilic Algal Toxins (ALGETOX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2010-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 289105.4
EU funding (EUR): 289105.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Improved methods will be developed for isolation of lipophilic marine algal toxins (azaspiracids, pectenotoxins, yessotoxins and okadaic acid analogues) and their metabolites from algae and shellfish. Derivatives such as labelled analogues will also be produced. These materials will be used in collaborative studies to perform toxicology, identify toxin mode-of-action, and develop improved or validated analytical methods (e.g. ELISA, immunoaffinity cleanup, LC-MS). Information obtained will lead to improved regulatory levels for algal toxins and reduced use of animals (3Rs principal) for routine testing of algal toxins in shellfish.

Keywords: toxicology,organic chemistry,biochemistry
Dynamic Calcium Clamp: Design and Applications (DYNACA-DA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230963.71
EU funding (EUR): 230963.71
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Calcium ion (Ca2+) is one of the most important divalent ions in the day-to-day life of any cell, as shown by its involvement as second messenger in virtually all cell types, from life onset to cell death through almost every physiological processes (muscle contraction, heart physiology, coagulation, immune system control, neuronal information processing). Ca2+ concentration can vary by up to 6 orders of magnitude with dynamics in the millisecond range; however, the investigation of its variations has been hindered by the lack of precise control over the dynamics, especially in excitable cells such as neuron. In this project, we propose to first build a new tool to control in real time the variations of intracellular Ca2+ via the combination of two-photon microscopy and dynamic current clamp: the dynamic calcium clamp. Then, we propose to use this tool to investigate two neurophysiological mechanisms: one related to a new form of synaptic plasticity dependent on the rates of activity of both the pre and post synaptic neurons and the other to the integration of the eye velocity signal into an eye position signal. The conception of the dynamic calcium clamp and its first applications would be undertaken in Boston University, USA, since in this institution hosts both one of the leading laboratory in microscopy applied to Neurosciences (BioMicroscopy Lab, outgoing host) and a laboratory developing one of the best dynamic clamp software (NDL, partner). The last part of the project will be lead at the return host, located in Paris 5 University, FRANCE (LNRS-UMR7060). There, the dendritic properties of the neurons of the velocity to position integrator would be studied, with a special focus on the Goldman hypothesis about dendritic hysteresis which would modify the local computing properties. Thus, this project will at the same time provide new tools, better understanding of brain mechanisms and foster the development of the career of the fellow in Europe.

Keywords: neurophysiology,applied optics,dynamic current clamp,two-photon microscopy,synaptic plasticity,persistent activity,calcium
Laboratory astrophysics: High resolution IR atomic spectroscopy and radiative lifetimes for astrophysical analysis (LAB ASTROPHYSICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2011-05-31
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177320.91
EU funding (EUR): 177320.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal combines state-of-the-art laboratory atomic spectroscopy and laser physics to provide a new and better understanding of infrared astrophysical objects. The aim of the research is to use radiative lifetimes in combination with branching fractions (BF) to obtain oscillator strengths for atomic transition lines. Specific &apos;tracer&apos; lines will be used to determine, often for the first time, accurate effective temperature, metallicity, and surface gravity, for IR stellar objects including Sub Solar Objects (SSO). The spectral opacity of SSOs peak in the IR where their spectra is dominated by neutral atoms and molecules. It is proposed that atomic data should be used to determine the atmospheric parameters. However, the current atomic database for the IR lacks oscillator strengths for the majority of elements required for the analysis of SSOs. The project will focus on the measurement of: 1. Wavelengths, line broadening and BFs, using the new high resolution IR Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at the Atomic Astrophysics group, Lund Observatory. 2. Radiative lifetimes, determined by time resolved laser induced fluorescence (TR LIF) at the Lund Laser Centre (LLC). The analysis of the SSO spectra will be carried out in collaboration with H.R.A. Jones (Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire). Training: High resolution IR FTS: The researcher’s previous experience in UV FTS will be enhanced by instruction in IR FTS and general laboratory techniques for IR spectroscopy, an experimentally demanding region for observations. TR LIF: The LLC is a world leader in radiative lifetime measurement using TR LIF. The candidate will be instructed in the operation of the TR LIF system, including laser/optical alignment, source preparation and data reduction. The training will significantly enhance the candidate’s experimental skills and provide him with a firm base from which he can build an independent career.

Keywords: astrophysics,laser technology,cosmic chemistry,spectrochemistry