Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Truth Serum and its applications to conjoint analysis: a reliable way to assess user preferences for new products, services and policies (BAYINNO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Croatia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 336315.0
EU funding (EUR): 336315.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many areas of economics use subjective data. In use of subjective data the crucial question is how much confidence one can have in truthfulness of respondents' answers. Resolving this problem would improve reliability of current uses of subjective data and also open up new possibilities of use. One solution to this problem is presented by Bayesian Truth serum (BTS). BTS is a game-theoretic scoring system that takes as inputs respondents’ answers to questions, as well as their probabilistic predictions about the distribution of answers in the sample. It induces truthful answers from a sample of rational, i.e. Bayesian, expected value maximizing respondents. The method allows for collecting data on issues that are not common knowledge of neither respondents nor experimenters. In particular, BTS can be applied to judgments involving counter-factual or conditional scenarios, such as arise naturally in policy discussions. BTS is a very new methodology that is currently being experimentally validated through a large scale project IARPA RFI-10-01 at MIT, starting from 2011. The BTS method offers various opportunities for application to economic and social sciences. This project proposes to apply the BTS method to innovation research by making adaptations to the BTS so it can be embedded in the conjoint analysis. Conjoint analysis is a methodology widely used across industries and in public sector for preference elicitation related to new products, services or policies. Conjoint analysis allows for designing products/services/policies with the ideal combination of features thus increasing probability of successful introduction. As all methods that use primary data collected through surveys, conjoint analysis crucially depends on the truthfulness of the subjective data. BTS in this setting can improve the ability to accurately assess user preferences, and in this way improve decision making of innovator developers in private and public sector.

Keywords: bayesian truth serum,conjoint analysis,subjective data,innovation
The Visual Front-End of Reading (VIFER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269743.8
EU funding (EUR): 269743.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research proposal aims at deepening the understanding of one fundamental issue of human cognition – how the perceptual fluency associated with skilled word reading is learned – and in doing so will provide for the first time a comprehensive learned neurocomputational account of printed word perception. The issue is of extreme general interest because it regards the establishment of one ontogenetic humanity achievement, symbolic language communication, on the top of cortical structures evolved to support phylogenetic cognitive functions. The subject is highly interdisciplinary, encapsulating visual perception and lexical processing, typically addressed separately in computational modeling. Indeed, the lack of an integral account undermines established theoretical models and related research. Assuming raw visual input and self-organization in deep generative networks, our model will be the first to provide a comprehensive account of the development of the known gradient of visual-lexical processing along the left occipitotemporal cortex. With the help of a novel electrophysiological method, we will collect neural signatures of various processing stages and fit the emergent hierarchical structure. Importantly, the learned model will allow us to study typical and atypical developmental paths of reading. In sum, the project will deepen the understanding of a very broad range of language-specific and general cognitive phenomena, and will open the way for a comprehensive neurocomputational account of all aspects of language processing. The Experienced Researcher will deepen his theoretical knowledge, master his expertise in neurocomputational modeling and gain proficiency in electrophysiological methods at the Host institution, a top research institution in the field. The training-trough-research will boost the professional maturity and career development of the Experienced Researcher to the point of complete research independence translatable to a permanent position.

Keywords: neuropsychology and cognitive psychology,reading,visual word perception,developmental dyslexia,pdp,connectionist modeling,unsupervised learning,deep networks,electrophysiology,erp
Enhancing Thermal Properties of PCM Using Nano Materials (ENTAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-19
End date: 2016-05-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Energy Storage Technologies have long been a subject of great interest from both academia and industry and are crucial for achieving the European climate energy objectives as defined in the European Union’s (EU) “20-20-20” targets and in the European Commission’s Energy Roadmap 2050. The focus of this proposal is on Latent Heat Storage which is currently a key international priority and is based on the use of Phase Change Materials (PCMs). One of the major challenges in the development of compact high performance Latent Heat Storage systems is the low heat conductivity of such PCMs. The main objective of this project is to perform systematic rheological, micro-structural and morphological analysis of the PCM composites with a combination of various nano-carbon additives with up to 5 wt%. Such parameters as the geometrical shape, orientation, alignment, cohesion, dispersion, distribution and interaction (contact) of nano-carbon particles with each other and PCM matrix will have a most significant influence and define the thermo-physical properties of PCM composites. Two types of PCMs will be investigated which includes organic (paraffin) and inorganic (crystallohydrate) materials with operating temperatures in the range between 60 and 100 deg.C. A correlation will be established between the rheology, micro-structure and morphology parameters and thermo-physical properties of the PCM composites. Such correlation will be used in manufacturing advanced cost effective PCM composites with optimised rheology, morphology and microstructure parameters and thermo-physical properties. Additionally thermal cycling tests of the selected new PCM composites will be performed to determine deterioration of thermal properties in time. Outcomes of the project will be used by a number of industrial companies across EU engaged in production of PCMs and Latent Heat Storage systems for various industrial and domestic applications.

Keywords: renewable energy,latent heat storage systems,phase change materials,nano-carbon fillers
Ionic Liquids as innovative organic phase for solvent extraction and separation of lanthanoids: a comparative study of conventional and synergistic systems (INNOVILLN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261384.6
EU funding (EUR): 261384.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A significant interest has been paid to Ionic Liquids in the last years as innovative and perspective medium for solvent extraction. ILs, a new class of solvents with unusual solvating properties are one of the most interesting and rapidly developing areas of modern chemistry, technology and engineering. They have already proved to be efficient media for the extraction of a large variety of metals. Therefore, to improve the extraction and separation of lanthanoids, the development of solvent extraction ILbased systems which can discriminate between elements based on small differences in size, bond strength, and coordination characteristics are necessary. A very high synergic effect has been achieved accompanied with better selectivity in some investigations in the field of lanthanoid extraction chemistry, but synergistic ILbased studies are few. The choice of the right systems is a key factor for effective process. In the project, the solvent extraction of elements of 4f-series (light (Ce), medium (Eu) and heavy (Lu)) with two types of extracting agents will be investigated: the acidic chelating derivatives of pyrazolone and isoxazolone families and a neutral bifunctional organophosphorous extractant, octyl(phenyl)N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethyl)phosphine oxide, as well as their combinations in order to study the extraction efficiency, synergistic enhancement and selectivity using different ILs. The effect of the organic phase and the nature of the ILs on the extraction mechanism will be investigated. A limited extraction experiments of radioactive isotopes and model aqueous Lns solutions will be conducted.Synthesis of acylisoxazolones is important part in the project. The molecular and the IL forms of chelating agents and CMPO will be studied. The modern spectroscopic methods (ICP-MS, NMR, FTIR, fluorescence, EXAFS, UV-Vis) will be used. The data set acquired should be large enough to allow deriving empirical rules, tendencies and performed the chemical modeling.

Keywords: extraction,lanthanoids,ionic liquids,chelating agents,cmpo,separation factors,synergism,new-il-ligands,sit approach,solid eu(iii) complexes
The relationship between the intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in metabolic diseases (MUCUS AND METABOLISM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 197811.6
EU funding (EUR): 197811.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Obesity is a world-wide epidemic and currently about 350 million people suffer from diabetes, resulting in more than 3 million deaths per year. While the gut microbiota has been identified as a contributing factor to obesity and insulin resistance in mice and humans, the underlying disease-causing mechanisms are yet to be defined. The aim of this proposal is to investigate the interactions between the gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosal barrier in metabolic disease. The human intestine is colonized by a complex microbial community with up to 1000 different species. While its composition is specific for each individual, a core gut microbiota is shared between humans. However, the composition of gut microbiota is altered in individuals who are obese, diabetic or suffer from cardiovascular disease. The high density of the gut microbiota provides a continuous challenge and potential threat to the gut epithelium. As only one single, mucus-covered cell layer separates microbes from human tissue the mucosal barrier is essential in preventing microbial translocation. One epithelial defense mechanism is the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These endogenous peptide antibiotics have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and can also modulate the composition of gut microbiota. In this proposal I will focus on the intestinal barrier between host and microbiota. I will test if and how the shifted microbial composition in metabolic diseases is associated with alterations in mucosal AMP production and function. Furthermore, I will analyze mucosa-associated microbiota in metabolic disease by using mouse models and samples from human patients. Also, I will compare the peptide repertoire in the mucus of different mouse models and human diabetes patients to identify alterations in the composition that are associated with metabolic disease. The planned investigations will help to better understand the relationship between the mucosal host barrier and metabolic disease.

Keywords: gut microbiota,antimicrobial peptides,mucus,metabolic disease,obesity,diabetes,proteomics,germ-free mice,mono-colonized mice,intestinal barrier,defensins,endocrine function
Rational HIV vaccine design via mammalian cell display (RATIONAL HIV VACCINE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 294219.6
EU funding (EUR): 294219.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This application proposes experiments to address one of the greatest challenges in HIV vaccine research: how can broadly neutralising antibodies be induced by vaccination in humans to target pathogens such as HIV, which are resistant to traditional vaccine approaches? The researcher and host labs will develop a mammalian display system using lentiviral vectors to express HIV proteins on the surface of mammalian cells and allow the in vitro evolution of different candidate vaccine immunogens in the outgoing host lab of Prof. Dennis Burton at The Scripps Research Institute. Optimisation of candidate vaccines will be achieved via random mutagenesis of the displayed immunogens followed by iterative rounds of selection for the ability to interact with novel highly potent broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies. The immunogens developed will initially be assessed for their ability to select for HIV neutralising antibodies in a novel in vitro antibody maturation system. The researcher will have access to first-rate career development advice from both hosts and via courses provided at both host institutes. The technical skills and translational skills acquired during the fellowship will be applied during the return phase in the HIV research lab of Prof. Deenan Pillay at University College London. The experimental skills acquired by the researcher will enrich the European research area during the return phase as they can be applied to other viral vaccine targets for which no effective vaccine is available e.g. influenza and hepatitis C. Thus the scientific advances made during this project have great potential significance for HIV vaccine research and the training received during the fellowship will place the researcher in an optimal position to start a research laboratory at a European Institution.

Keywords: antibody,vaccine,virus neutralisation
Next-Generation Electrochemical Technology for the Treatment of Hospital Wastewater: Electrogenerated Sulfate Radicals for Complete Destruction of Persistent Pollutants (ELECTRO HOSPITAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-11-17
End date: 2016-11-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hospital wastewater effluents have been identified as the primary sources of DNA-damaging compounds, and are considered as the major source of antibiotic resistance in the environment. They exhibit significantly higher pollution, up to 3,500 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand, compared to municipal sewage (i.e., 100-500 mg/L). There is no established technology for the treatment of hospital wastewater. Biological treatment is incapable of degrading more persistent contaminants, e.g., organohalogens, cytostatics, and antibacterial agents. Reverse osmosis membranes are very energy intensive, and generate large amounts of retentate that requires further treatment. The major constraint of chemical oxidation processes is the requirement for high chemical dosages for heavily polluted hospital wastewater. This project proposes a next-generation technology for the treatment of contaminated hospital wastewater, based on the electrochemical generation of sulfate and hydroxyl radicals. Highly oxidizing sulfate and hydroxyl radicals are formed by applying current to an anode at atmospheric temperature and pressure. Excellent preliminary results achieved show an outstanding capacity of the electrochemically generated sulfate radicals in removing persistent organic contaminants at up to 80 times higher rates than with hydroxyl radicals alone. Sulfate radicals react mainly through electron transfer and hence are less subject to scavenging by the background matrix, which allows their accumulation in the solution and drastically enhances the oxidation efficiency. The process offers several important advantages over existing oxidation technologies as it does not generate secondary pollution, has no pH limitations and does not require any external activators (e.g., iron). The project will develop a novel, clean platform technology for hospital wastewater remediation, yet applicable to the treatment of other types of contaminated waste streams, e.g., industrial wastewater.

Keywords: electrochemical oxidation,wastewater treatment,sulfate radical oxidation,degradation pathways,cytostatics,antibiotics,antimicrobial resistance
CO-OP ISOMORPHISM: From epidemiology of implicit anthropologies to good co-operative governance (CO-OP ISOMPRPHISM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-21
End date: 2017-07-20
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 337501.9
EU funding (EUR): 337501.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this research we would like to answer two questions. (1) Why are some co-operatives more and more similar to capital venture companies in their operations and thus under threat of losing their co-operative identity? (2) How can co-op members and executives recognize strategic value in the adherence to Co-operative Values and Principles, audit themselves and their co-op and avoid isomorphism? Identity has become one of key psychological concepts that explains economic behaviours Thus the two disciplines merge to respond to major human issues. In this research we will apply the multidisciplinary and multilevel approach drawing on organizational psychology, economics, management and sociology, to define the co-operative “identity crisis”. Given their associational character on the one hand, and market pressure on the other, co-ops may be susceptible to isomorphism. This co-op isomorphism is noted in a number of studies and some government policies which help to privatise co-ops like in Ireland or in Poland. The reasons for this isomorphism are traditionally sought for in areas delineated by classical studies of DiMaggio and Powell (1983) who propose three forces of institutitutional isomorphism: (i) coercive; (ii) mimetic (iii) normative. Market and financial power of corporations to influence culture and epidemiology of representations may seem responsible for isomorphic abandoning co-operative values. In the planned research we claim that apart from market and economic factors isomorphism has psychological roots in the contagion of implicit anthropologies, business and economy literacy of the owners and governance structure and propose to audit the additional factors with new tools developed during the fellowship. They aim at individual diagnosis and organizational multidisciplinary audit. This approach may improve awereness of isomorphism and change it by means of policies and development methods based on upgraded Vroom's contingency model.

Keywords: e112 social economics,personalism,participation,situational leadership,behavioral economics,tacit anthropologies,critical management studies,organization theory,isomorphism,personalistics
Regulation of Macroautophagy by viral Pathogens (FLUPHAGY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199317.6
EU funding (EUR): 199317.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Influenza infections kill around 300.000 people each year. Due to its ability to reassort with viruses from other animal species and its mutational drift, society is in great need of novel vaccination strategies. Autophagy is involved in the delivery and processing of antigens derived from different viruses. Influenza and other viruses often target this important mechanism to evade immune recognition. Here, I aim at unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying the fusion of autophagosomes with antigen loading compartments, the late endosomal MHC class II containing compartment and the putative endosomal MHC class I loading compartment, which comes into play when the regular MHC class I route is blocked by viruses. To this end, I will apply RNAinterference screening combined with immune fluorescence microscopy. To further elucidate the cross-talk between viral proteins and the autophagy machinery I will investigate matrix protein 2 (M2) of Influenza A. M2 was shown to cause a block of autophagosome/lysosome fusion, which in turn leads to an accumulation of viral antigens in autophagosomes. I will identify the cellular players interacting with M2 and the mechanism of regulation. Furthermore, the role of autophagy in antigen presentation after Influenza A infection will be addressed applying an inducible mouse model of autophagy deficiency in alveolar type II cells, the main target of Influenza A infection in mice. By integrating all findings (molecular mechanism of antigen delivery at steady-state and in viral infection, manipulation of the host machinery by M2, role of autophagy in viral immunogenicity) I will gain a broad overview of the regulation of autophagosome fusion in health and disease. This will help the field to advance in finding new ways to target Influenza infections. However, the implication of these findings is not necessarily limited to infection, as autophagy also plays a major role in many other diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords: autophagy antigen presentation influenza sirna screen