Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
'Filling the gaps' in the Schengen pathway for plant root Casparian strip integrity (SCHENGEN-ROOT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 203149.44
EU funding (EUR): 203149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Plants have developed sophisticated barriers in various tissues and organs to safeguard integrity. To monitor barrier integrity, plants appear to have evolved similar systems that share signalling modules. The receptor/ligand signalling pathway initiated by SGN3/CIFs establishes the integrity of the Casparian strip (CS), a root diffusion barrier that is essential for controlling nutrient and water homeostasis. The CS starts off as aligned microdomains that eventually fuse to forge a continuous barrier. The SGN pathway is crucial to “find and seal gaps” between the microdomains. However, the mechanism that ensures perfect domain fusion is not well understood. Here, I aim to uncover missing mechanistic details and characterise central unknown elements in a proposed, branched SGN pathway. I intend to identify potential SGN3 co-receptors and additional membrane transducers, and to investigate the elusive role of MAPKs during CS formation. The findings will be crucial to resolve pathway features that the current linear model cannot explain. First, identifying co-receptors is necessary to understand how SGN3 is activated. SGN3 also appears to be involved in embryonic cuticle and pollen coat formation. Therefore, co-receptor identification would clarify whether SGN3 perceives the same or different ligand to govern distinct barrier formation processes. Secondly, identifying additional transducers will provide a molecular basis for understanding two potentially distinct lignification processes regulated by SGN3. This will provide broad insights into how receptors regulate specific sub-functions. Thirdly, MAPK cascades are activated downstream of many receptor/ligand pathways. Elucidating their function in the SGN pathway will give insights into diverse biological processes. Overall, this project will provide a key model to study specificity and localisation of signalling modules, leading towards tissue-specific and inducible barrier engineering in plants.

Keywords: casparian strip,schengen sgn signalling,integrity surveillance,cell surface receptor complex,mapk cascades
Geometric Models for Calabi-Yau Algebras and Homological Mirror Symmetry (STABREP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-12-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, I will establish new connections between cluster algebras, mirror symmetry and representation theory through the introduction of geometric models. Mirror symmetry is a natural phenomenon, first observed in superstring theory, consisting of two main approaches: the A-model, focused on the symplectic side of a Calabi-Yau manifold X, and the B-model, focused on the complex side of the manifold. Mirror symmetry is a duality between the two models. Based on this, Kontsevich formulated his famous homological mirror symmetry conjecture for categories. In this conjecture, the A-model is the Fukaya category of X, and the B-model is the derived category of coherent sheaves of X^. Cluster algebras were introduced in the early 2000s to provide a combinatorial framework for dual canonical bases. Many new ideas in representation theory have their origin in cluster algebras, bringing together category theory, particularly Calabi-Yau categories, combinatorics and the geometry of Riemann surfaces. In exciting recent developments cluster theory and homological mirror symmetry have been linked through scattering diagrams, opening up both theories. In this project, I will study the connections between cluster combinatorics and scattering diagrams through Calabi-Yau algebras, which appear in a natural way in cluster theory and mirror symmetry. I will develop geometric models for the representation theory of Calabi-Yau algebras encoding, in particular, their (co)homology. This will lead to a complete understanding of these algebras and their role in the mirror symmetry program. Dimer models are intrinsically linked to both cluster algebras and mirror symmetry. As part of my project, I will generalize dimer models to the general setting of special multiserial algebras. Both Calabi-Yau algebras and special multiserial algebras are of wild representation type and my geometric models will lead the way to an understanding of stability conditions for wild algebras.

Keywords: representation theory of algebras,cluster algebras,surface geometry,cohomology theories,homological mirror symmetry,dimer models,geometric models
The wide-spread bacterial toxin delivery systems and their role in multicellularity (Growth regulation)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499765.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499765.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Bacteria live in environments where resources for growth are scarce and shared with other bacteria. The ability to inhibit the growth of other bacteria is thus favourable and most bacteria use multiple systems for such antagonistic interactions, including delivery of protein toxins to other bacteria (e.g. bacteriocins, type 6 secretion and contact-dependent growth inhibition systems). In addition to their role in competition, all these toxin delivery systems frequently deliver toxins to cells of the same genotype, i.e. cells immune to the toxic activity, but a function for self-delivery of toxins has never been identified. Recent evidence from our lab suggests that self-delivery of toxins generates population heterogeneity in terms of growth at high cell densities, i.e. upon cell-cell contacts. But if this is a common feature of all toxin delivery systems is not known. Here we will investigate if toxin delivery to cells immune to the toxin creates population heterogeneity in terms of growth, mutation rates and gene expression, and if this is important for bacterial evolution and multicellularity. As homologs for many of the toxins can also be found in eukaryotes, including multicellular organisms, we will investigate if the functions of these systems are also conserved across kingdoms. We will particular characterize the role of bacterial toxin delivery systems for multicellular behaviour and adaptation to new growth environments. This research have important consequences for understanding cell-to-cell contacts and the organization of multicellular tissues in general; from how to control biofilm formation to the understanding of uncontrolled cell growth in higher eukaryotes.

Keywords: bacteria,antibiotic,population heterogeneity,multicellularity,persisters,toxins
Decoding the development of physiologic and epileptic cognitive neural networks (CoDEC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-06-01
End date: 2021-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 239860.8
EU funding (EUR): 239860.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The neuronal networks that comprise the mammalian brain are immature at the time of birth, and are shaped by genetic and environmental influences over the course of postnatal development. Human brain maturation occurs over a particularly extended period of time, especially in cortical areas involved in integrated information processing and cognition. The proper maturation of intra- and inter-cortical networks is necessary for efficient and appropriate brain function. Thus, when brain development goes awry, neuropsychiatric disorders such as epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism can result. Direct investigation of immature neural networks would allow us to better understand the physiological and pathological processes that occur during development. In vivo neurophysiology in animal models is a powerful method to explore both the population synaptic activity and neural spiking of intact neural networks. However, this approach is challenging in developing organisms due to the small size and fragile nature of the brain. Here, we bring together advancements in neural interface design and neurophysiological recording to overcome this challenge and realize the principal goal of this project: to determine the neurophysiologic patterns that characterize normal maturation of inter-cortical communication and identify how these patterns are deranged in the presence of genetic predisposition to neuropsychiatric disease. Data generated using this approach has the potential to improve diagnosis of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, identify the earliest window for therapeutic intervention, and suggest novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: oscillatory activity,synchronized neural activity,primary sensory cortices,association cortices,inter cortical communication,spindle bursts,neurogrid
Rethink, reduce, reuse urban stormwater: removal of trace organic contaminants before groundwater recharge (StormTre)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United States,United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2022-03-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 31.0
Total project cost (EUR): 252802.4
EU funding (EUR): 252802.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The development of water-smart cities is one of the societal challenges of the EU. Urban water management is facing many challenges: urbanization, climate variability and water stress. Innovative solutions are required, such as urban stormwater reuse to enhance groundwater supplies. Stormwater contaminated with various substances could threaten valuable groundwater resources. Polar trace organic chemicals (TOrC) are of emerging concern as they are highly mobile in soil and data on the contamination risks are still scarce. Thus, a precautionary treatment is essential to improve stormwater quality prior to groundwater recharge. The StormTre project assesses the risks associated with TOrC in stormwater and their control with emerging, low-cost biochar systems. The project will be achieved through three tasks: i) field monitoring and risk assessment of TOrCs, ii) laboratory based treatment tests for challenging conditions, and iii) development of a forecasting model. The results will quantify the unknown risk associated with TOrC in stormwater – an important knowledge gap for stormwater reuse. The project will lead to design and operation recommendations for safe groundwater recharge. Hosted at Stanford University in the outgoing phase, Dr. Lena Mutzner (LM) will study water reuse systems in a stimulating environment, where water scarcity drives innovation towards water-smart cities. LM will enhance her skills in chemical analysis and deepen her knowledge in contaminant occurrence and treatment. In the return phase at Newcastle University, LM will be integrated in UK’s outdoor National Green Infrastructure Laboratory team, where she will be trained in microbial analysis and complement her scientific profile with biological process modelling knowledge. The unique combination of multi-disciplinary expertise gained will significantly enhance her career prospective towards building her own research group in the field of water quality and water reuse.

Keywords: green infrastructure,trace organic contaminant,urban stormwater,stormwater treatment,micropollutant,water smart city
Molecular basis for securin and cyclin ubiquitylation by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) (APCINTERACTIONS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This research proposal describes an ambitious effort to characterize structurally and biochemically ubiquitin chain initiation and elongation by the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) in complex with two well-characterized substrates. The APC/C is a multi-subunit cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through the cell cycle by a temporal regulation of its activity and substrate specificity. Regulation and specificity of this E3 ligase is achieved through mutually exclusive binding of two structurally related co-activator subunits termed Cdc20 and Cdh1, as well as through APC/C inhibitors, varying substrate affinities and auto-ubiquitylation of its cognate E2s, namely UbcH10 and Ube2S. In order to understand ubiquitin chain initiation and elongation of the two well-known APC/C substrates cyclin B and securin, I am aiming to use a combined approach of cryo-electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and a variety of biochemical methods. Within this project I will use cryo-electron microscopy studies to uncover the molecular mechanisms of substrate recognition and ubiquitin chain initiation and elongation by analyzing the APC/CCdh1 co-activator complex bound to its transiently associated E2 enzymes Ube2S or UbcH10 and one of the aforementioned high affinity substrates. Crystallization of selected sub-complexes, namely the catalytic core of the APC/C (composed of Apc2 and Apc11) is intended. If obtained, this high-resolution information will then assist the interpretation of the resulting density maps derived from cryo-electron microscopy.

Keywords: ube2s,ubch10,securin,cyclin b,interactions,cryo em,x ray chrystallography,structural biology
Aligned, Quality-centric Software and Data Engineering (ALIGNED)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Future Internet: Software, hardware, Infrastructures, technologies and services
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Austria,Ireland,Poland,Poland,United Kingdom
Call: Tools and Methods for Software Development (H2020-ICT-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3999934.0
EU funding (EUR): 3999934.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

The rapid growth of web data creates demand for software engineering methods which can build and maintain applications that extract, process and publish web data. However, converting Big Data sources into high-quality, structured knowledge for use in business processes is usually considered data engineering. ALIGNED will develop models, methods and tools for engineering information systems based on co-evolving software and web data. Tools for model-driven software evolution based on Linked Data sources, runtime data quality analytics, human data curation and process integration will aid more efficient governance, increased agility and higher productivity. The opportunities for web data have recently led to intense research and innovation, but most efforts are siloed in the software or data spaces. Past integration of data and software engineering used formal ontologies rather than Linked Data. ALIGNED will provide lightweight methods for European data and software engineering industries to exploit the new opportunities in web data. Information companies like Wolters Kluwer need better ways to extract web data and build applications on top of it. Public bodies like the UK National Health Service (NHS) need evolving systems for data collection and re-use. Web data publishers like DBpedia need new methods to improve data quality. Scientific publications, industry workshops, training programs, open source tools and engaging the OMG, W3C and ISO standards bodies will transfer ALIGNED outputs. ALIGNED combines world class researchers in model driven software engineering (Oxford are transforming NHS systems), Linked Data quality (Leipzig and Trinity College have published foundational papers) and web systems (Leipzig are co-creators of DBpedia) with innovative enterprises (Wolters Kluwer have Linked Data in production systems, Semantic Web Company lead the world in enterprise Linked Data) and pioneering expert-curated data publishers (Oxford Anthropology and Posnan).

Keywords: model driven engineering,data quality,linked data,semantics
Interrupting the intergenerational transmission of violence: a mixed-methods longitudinal study in South Africa (INTERRUPT_VIOLENCE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: South Africa,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2025-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499835.0
EU funding (EUR): 894993.75
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Violence Violence is an important societal challenge and associated with poor health outcomes across the life-course. Studies find consistent associations between childhood violence exposure and risk for victimisation and perpetration in adulthood, particularly across generations. Thus far, we lack an evidence-base to understand the underlying mechanisms of intergenerational violence transmission as well as potential for prevention in regions with high rates of interpersonal violence such as sub-Saharan Africa. This marks a major evidence gap and a compelling need. This study will use a mixed methods approach to develop the first-known empirically-generated theoretical framework on intergenerational violence transmission. It will do so using three approaches never utilised in the region: 1) using data from a 1-year longitudinal study of 1800 adolescents in South Africa (interviewed in 2010/11 and 2011/2012) it will re-trace original participants, re-interview them as young adults aged 20-27, recruit their children (n~211) and previous primary caregivers (n~540) and conduct in-depth qualitative work on a sub-sample of families to identify mechanisms of violence transmission across generations and genders, 2) it will investigate the effect of the prevalent structural risk factors poverty, poor service access and delivery and the HIV epidemic on violence transmission, and 3) it will examine the effect of protective interventions and policies using quasi-experimental methods. This study will transform our understanding of the causes, effects and potential prevention mechanisms of intergenerational violence transmission through cutting-edge social science research. This is an ambitious research agenda of a complex behaviour and is characterised by methodological and theoretical innovation never used in the region before. The methodology presents high risks balanced by the potential for ground-breaking scientific and social impact for violence research and prevention.

Keywords: violence,child abuse,intimate partner violence,intergenerational,family,health
A New Methodology for Comparative Analysis of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Cognate Literature (Methodology)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My post-doctoral project entitled “A New Methodology for Comparative Analysis of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Cognate Literature” will take an integrative approach to the Dead Sea Scrolls (henceforth scrolls), the New Testament and other ancient Jewish literature. It is therewith part of an ongoing and lively debate on how the scrolls can shed new light on and give meaning to texts that have puzzled New Testament scholarship all along. I intend to describe and highlight more prominently the different „evolutionary factors“ like the absence from a sacrificial cult, the focus on a unique canon of formative scriptures, the understanding of the group as a “holy building” and an “eternal planting” (1QS 11:7-9), and the impact of Greco-Roman culture that shaped the language, laws and theology of the communities behind the scrolls. My first challenge when turning to New Testament traditions will be to show how its authors transferred ideas and traditions from a Palestinian Jewish background into a new cultural milieu with an almost entirely different encyclopaedia of knowledge an act that I would call “translation of traditions”. One of the biggest difficulties in tradition-historical comparison between New Testament and Yahadic writings is to determine whether or not the traditions incorporated into New Testament writings are of Palestinian Jewish origin but phrased differently with Greek motives and expressions. Only when we know the “source language” that is the underlying concept behind these expressions we will be able to identify its tradition-historical origin. With the identification of Palestinian Jewish traditions in New Testament writings the last step that is the comparison of concepts that underlie New Testament traditions and the ideas from which Yahadic traditions originated can then be implemented.

Keywords: new methodology for tradition historical comparison,palestinian jewish traditions in the new testament,translation of traditions,dead sea scrolls,enochic judaism,sectarian writings