Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Foundations of Institutional AuThority: a multi-dimensional model of the separation of powers (FIAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1997627.5
EU funding (EUR): 1997627.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

‘Almost three centuries later, it is past time to rethink Montesquieu’s holy trinity’ (Ackerman, 2010). As Ackerman (and many others) have observed, political reality has long left the traditional model of the separation of powers behind. The problems posed by this gap between constitutional theory and political practice have recently acquired fresh urgency as developments in Hungary, Poland, Turkey, Russia, the UK, US, Bolivia and elsewhere place the separation of powers under strain. These include the emergence of authoritarian leaders; personalisation of political authority; recourse to non-legal plebiscites; and the capture or de-legitimisation of other constitutional bodies. This project argues that these difficulties are rooted in a deeper problem with constitutional thinking about institutional power: a constitution-as-law approach that equates the conferral of legal power with the authority to exercise it. This makes it possible for a gap to emerge between legal accounts of authority and its diverse –and potentially conflicting (Cotterrell)– sociological foundations. Where that gap exists, the practical authority of an institution (or constitution) may be vulnerable to challenge from rival and more socially-resonant claims (Scheppele (2017)). It is this gap between legal norms and social facts that the project aims to investigate – and ultimately bridge. How is authority established? How is it maintained? How might it fail? And how does the constitution (as rule? representation (Saward)? mission statement (King)?) shape, re-shape and come to be shaped by those processes? By investigating these questions across six case studies, the project will produce a multi-dimensional account of institutional authority that takes seriously the sociological influence of both law and culture. The results from these cases provide the evidential foundation for the project’s final outputs: a new model and new evaluative measures of the separation of powers.

Keywords: comparative constitutional law,constitutional law,constitutional theory
Real Time Soccer Analysis System (XSOCCER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

AXIAMO is a Swiss company founded in 2015 and is fully dedicated to the research, development, production and commercialization of innovative electronic and software technologies for the practise of sports and open-air activities. Today, professionals of the king sport have a great margin to improve their performance with the implementation of new technologies that allow them to have an accurate objective knowledge of the details of the game and training and a decision-support platform to improve them accordingly. Improvement of performance indicators by a factor of 3 is achievable, as well the reduction of injuries which are estimated to cost to the football clubs up to 30% of player payrolls annually. Our innovation integrates sensors, a specially tagged ball, beacons around the playing field and a powerful software platform implementing high level algorithms for location determination and machine learning techniques. XSOCCER uses a unique and patented system for ball detection (allowing determining its position and who possesses it), is based on UWB communications (providing better special resolution by one order of magnitude and permits indoor and outdoor game) and is the only system able to determine a wide range of physical, technical and tactical Key Soccer Indicators that we have assessed, defined and standardized supported by the Swiss Football Association. It is comprised in a booming market that grows at a CAGR of 23% and will reach $12.11bn by 2020.Our target users are worldwide and we have the means to reach them. Primarily, we will focus on top European football clubs (more than 440), but any football club is a potential user of XSOCCER (more than 150,000 football clubs in our target countries). Our proven business model will rely on the production, commercialization and service delivery of XSOCCER. Besides, we aim to determine in this Phase 1 the details of our secondary business model based on licensing our technology to third parties.

Keywords: football,ball possession,position,key soccer indicators,sensors,algorithms
From TEARs to AID: the effects of emotional tears in images of refugees on helping through crowdfunding actions (TEARAID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

TEARAID will study the effects of emotional tears on providing aid to members of disadvantaged groups, measured by means of research-embedded crowdfunding campaigns. The proposed project will examine the effects of tears on the promotion of actual prosocial behavior (i.e., both autonomy- and dependency-oriented help), providing an innovative tool for its measurement and creating synergies between research in social sciences and crowdfunding industry. Next, TEARAID will respond to why these effects occur, i.e., test the role of underlying mechanisms, such as perceived humanness of the tearful person, and self-transcendent emotions felt in response to tears, such as compassion and elevation. Furthermore, the project will test when these effects occur, i.e., identify factors that strengthen or weaken them, including the situation in which a person is shedding tears (whether being comforted by another person or not), as well as gender. To address above-mentioned challenges, TEARAID will analyze host society members’ responses toTEAR-AID will examine the effects of emotional tears on the promotion of prosocial behavior (e.g., providing humanitarian aid), as well as respond to why (i.e., test the underlying mechanisms) and when these effects occur (i.e., identify factors that strengthen or weaken them). TEAR-AID will use real-life images (photographs and videos) of refugees used in news stories and social campaigns by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as well as laboratory standardized photographs to test people’s reactions including actual prosocial behavior (contribution to real crowdfunding initiatives) in response to tearful and non-tearful refugees. Importantly, TEAR-AID will provide an innovative tool for measuring prosocial behavior, creating joint initiatives with crowdfunding industry. In general, the project will contribute valuable knowledge regarding the effects images of tearful refugees in mass media have on prosocial behavior among host society members.

Keywords: emotional tears,crying,emotion expression,humanness,dehumanization,self transcendent emotions,compassion,elevation,intergroup helping,images,crowdfunding,donations,intergroup relations
EUROPOL (EUROPOL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Israel,Germany,Switzerland,France,France,France,Denmark,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (ITN-ETN) (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3960039.96
EU funding (EUR): 3960039.96
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

NMR and MRI play unique roles in contemporary Science, from Physics, Chemistry and Biology, to clinical research and diagnosis. Despite its irreplaceable role, further progress in NMR and MRI is hampered by sensitivities that are much lower than those of alternatives such as mass-spec, or PET. The prospects of solving this problem by “bigger machines” are uncertain and of poor return, given the high maturity already achieved by NMR/MRI. This ETN challenges this status from an untapped perspective, combining NMR/MRI with nuclear hyperpolarization eliciting signals that surpass those currently available by up to 50,000x. Focus is placed on two particular approaches, dynamic nuclear polarization and para-hydrogen-driven polarization, exhibiting the highest potential for biophysical, metabolomic, pre-clinical and clinical research. To maximize these “supersignals” we assembled leading experts in the physics and engineering of magnetic resonance, in the synthetic chemistry essential for the success of these methods, in the uses of NMR to structural/cell biology, and in preclinical and clinical MRI applications. Guiding this assembling is the conception that only by teaming together key areas of expertise, can hyperpolarisation’s promises be realized. In addition to fostering synergies among experts from academia and industry, EUROPOL will provide frontier training for ESRs in all the topics underlying the advancement of MR. This will include advanced physics, new instruments and forms of exploiting NMR/MRI’s hyperpolarisation, biophysical NMR, screening of healthy and diseased metabolomes, expanded portfolios of substrates to be targeted by in vivo MR, ancillary in cell and system biology explorations clarifying the nature of the metabolic phenomena, and in vivo hyperpolarisation strategies in MRI. This ETN is unparalleled in scope, breadth and potential for synergies.

Keywords: clinical dianostics,diagnostics,organic chemistry,metabolism
National Competence Centres in the framework of EuroHPC (EUROCC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European High Performance Computing
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: EuroHPC (Art-187)
Countries involved: Spain,Estonia,Italy,Iceland,Austria,Austria,Austria,Spain,Spain,Estonia,Ireland,Germany,Italy,Italy,Spain,Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Spain,Cyprus,Norway,Finland,Slovakia,Switzerland,North Macedonia,Türkiye,Türkiye,Bulgaria,Greece,Croatia,Croatia,Croatia,Croatia,Lithuania,Poland,Poland,Poland,Poland,Slovenia,Slovenia,Slovenia,Slovenia,Sweden,Greece,Hungary,Norway,Belgium,Greece,Greece,Poland,Poland,Romania,Sweden,Latvia,France,France,France,Czechia,Netherlands,Luxembourg,Montenegro,Denmark,Denmark,Denmark,Denmark,Denmark,Denmark,United Kingdom,Portugal,Portugal,Portugal,Portugal,Portugal,United Kingdom
Call: HPC Competence Centres (H2020-JTI-EuroHPC-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 56329833.85
EU funding (EUR): 27936679.44
Participants: 111
Project status: SIGNED

The EuroCC activity will bring together the necessary expertise to set up a network of National Competence Centres in HPC across Europe in 31 participating, member and associated states, to provide a broad service portfolio tailored to the respective national needs of industry, academia and public administrations. All of this to support and increase strongly the national strengths of High Performance Computing (HPC) competences as well as High Performance Data Analytics (HPDA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) capabilities and to close existing gaps to increase usability of these technologies in the different states and thus provide a European excellence baseline.

Keywords: high performance computing comptence centre skills training industry
Application of crop genetics to improve Calcium content in millets and other crops for promoting health benefits in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (CaMILLET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With osteoporosis becoming an increasing threat to human health, this project is directed towards finding an inexpensive solution to this problem using crop genetics. Biofortification of human diet with food that are naturally rich in Calcium (Ca) is proposed. Among all cultivated cereals, finger millet (Eleusine coracana), an annual small millet of Africa and Asia, has been found to have the highest concentration of Ca (350mg/100g) in its grains. This proposal aims to investigate the genetic variations of Ca accumulation in finger millet germplasm using chemical phenotyping and genomics, and to use this knowledge in further improving the concentration of this micronutrient in finger millet and other staple crops. Specific objectives of the study are: (1) to explore the extent of genetic diversity for Ca content present in world collection of finger millet germplasms; (2) to identify genomic regions associated with Ca accumulation in finger millet grains using next generation sequencing, chemical phenotyping and GWAS analysis; (3) to identify and validate candidate genes underlying genomic regions found to be associated with Ca accumulation in finger millet; and (4) use comparative genomics to identify similar genes and processes in staple cereals like wheat, rice, barley or oats grown in Europe. The project will identify genes involved in Ca accumulation in crops and the prospects of their breeding into new varieties through plant breeding. Such crop varieties will benefit the smallholder farmers who will grow them (by adding value to their food products) and also provide valuable, superior raw material to industries for developing functional food rich in Calcium. Availabilities of such food and food products will increase Ca consumption and reduce the health and economic impacts of osteoporosis.

Keywords: finger millet,grain calcium content,osteoporosis,functional food,germplasm,genetics,genomics,candidate genes,genetic variations,plant breeding
Galois theory of periods and applications. (GALOP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1997959.0
EU funding (EUR): 1997959.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

A period is a complex number defined by the integral of an algebraic differential form over a region defined by polynomial inequalities. Examples include: algebraic numbers, elliptic integrals, and Feynman integrals in high-energy physics. Many problems in mathematics can be cast as a statement involving periods. A deep idea, based on Grothendieck's philosophy of motives, is that there should be a Galois theory of periods, generalising classical Galois theory for algebraic numbers. This reposes on inaccessible conjectures in transcendence theory, but these can be circumvented in many important cases using an elementary notion of motivic periods. This allows one to set up a working Galois theory of periods in many situations of arithmetic and physical interest. These ideas grew out of the PI's recent proof of the Deligne-Ihara conjecture, in which the Galois theory of multiple zeta values was worked out. Multiple zeta values are one of the most fundamental families of periods, and their Galois group plays an important role in mathematics: it is conjecturally equal to Drinfeld's Grothendieck-Teichmuller group, the stable derivation algebra on moduli spaces of curves, and the Galois group of mixed Tate motives over the integers. It occurs in deformation quantization, the homology of the graph complex, and the Kashiwara-Vergne problem, as well as having numerous connections to string theory, and quantum field theory. The goal of this proposal is to generalise this picture. Periods of moduli spaces of curves, multiple L-functions of modular forms, and Feynman amplitudes in quantum field and string theory should each have their own Galois theory which is yet to be worked out. This is completely uncharted territory, and will have numerous applications to number theory, algebraic geometry and physics.

Keywords: periods,zeta function,galois theory,fundamental groups,motives,moduli spaces,modular curves,feynman integral,scattering amplitudes,quantum field theory,string perturbation theory
Separation membranes for carbon dioxide removal from gas streams (MEMCARB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC-Proof of Concept (ERC-2017-PoC, 2017)
Start date: 2018-05-01
End date: 2019-10-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Carbon dioxide separation, capture and utilization is expected to become a major business opportunity in the near future. Beyond current industrial needs for natural gas or biogas purification, regulatory issues imposing emission control will also contribute to a fast growth in this market. At the industrial level, CO2 separation is still an expensive process, typically based in alkaline amine solutions or cryogenic distillation, and low-cost alternatives are needed. Membrane-based technologies are the most preferred for gas purification processes due to their easy implementation and very low operational costs. However, CO2 separation through membrane systems is not competitive nowadays, due to the low selectivity and poor stability of the available materials. This weakness precludes fully exploitation of the intrinsic benefits (functional and economic) of membrane technologies. We have discovered a porous metal organic framework (MOF) able to separate CO2 from a gas stream (including methane, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, olefins, etc.) that confers organic polymer membranes unique separation capabilities. Composite membranes containing this MOF exhibit unique CO2/CH4 selectivities, at least one order of magnitude higher when compared with current state-of-the-art models. This opens unique possibilities to develop an efficient, robust and affordable membrane system for CO2 separation. Our MEMCARB technology, based on inexpensive starting materials, and obtained via industrially scalable processes, could have excellent market penetration for multiple applications (from gas purification of methane feeds, to treatment of exhaust gas). Through this project we will design, build and validate a membrane-based module for gas purification. The results will be analyzed and compared to current CO2 separation processes to further assess its viability and to identify its competitive advantages. If results are positive, a business plan and road to market will be established.

Keywords: metal organic frameworks,carbon dioxide,gas separation,membranes
Understanding our Galactic ecosystem: From the disk of the Milky Way to the formation sites of stars and planets (ECOGAL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Synergy grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Germany,Italy,France,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Synergy Grant (ERC-2019-SyG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2027-08-31
Duration (months): 84.0
Total project cost (EUR): 12659177.5
EU funding (EUR): 12659177.25
Participants: 7
Project status: SIGNED

Stars and planets are born from a large reservoir of diffuse gas and dust that permeates the Galaxy, the interstellar medium (ISM). The process is governed by the complex interplay of often competing physical agents such as gravity, turbulence, magnetic fields, and radiation. The system is organized in a hierarchy of scales, that link the disk of the Milky Way, to star-forming clouds, and eventually to protoplanetary disks, the cradles of planetary systems. Stellar feedback creates highly non-linear feedback loops that strongly influence the dynamical evolution across the entire cascade of scales. We witness a paradigm shift in galactic astronomy and astrophysics. Approaches that treat the constituents of the Galaxy in equilibrium and consider the various scales in isolation reach clear limits. A comprehensive understanding of our Milky Way requires us to consider the Galaxy as one single complex ecosystem, where dramatically different environments coexist and where varying conditions are found for star and planet formation, and ultimately for life. Exploring and understanding the Galactic ecosystem as well as the physical processes that govern its evolution define the research activities of ECOGAL. Our primary goal is to build a unifying predictive model of star and planet formation in the Milky Way. Based on a unique combination of theoretical modeling and multi-wavelengths observations, we will trace the properties of planet-forming disks back to their environment in different parts of the Galaxy, determine the physical processes that regulate the birth to stars and determine their key parameters, deliver a well calibrated galaxy template which can be used to study systems in the distant Universe. To reach these goals, ECOGAL unites four key research groups in Europe at the forefront in observational astronomy, numerical astrophysics, instrument development, and astroinformatics, whose synergy enables transformative progress in our understanding of our Galaxy.

Keywords: hierarchical structure formation,galactic ecosystem