Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
3D tissue-engineered model of bone adaptation (BONEMIMIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

For the development of advanced therapeutics, preventive or even cures of osteoporosis, there is a need to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone physiology. Screening and evaluation of drug effects in a reproducible controlled and dynamic 3D cell culture system would facilitate the transferability of the results from pre-clinical to clinical stage and be of high benefit for the pharmaceutical industry. Understanding tissue development in general and during regeneration and comprehension of treatment mechanisms is synonymous to welfare of our society. The project aims at taking current approaches in bone tissue engineering one step further resulting in an in vitro model system that mimics normal bone turnover. We believe that only through the setup of an in vitro co-culture that enables i) cellular crosstalk, ii) timely monitoring of growth and resorption of mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) and iii) the application of physiological mechanical stimulation we will be able to mimic natural bone adaptation and use the system to reproduce the effect of a drug. We shall first characterize the human bone marrow stromal and human monocyte cell differentiation profile toward the osteoblast (Ob) or osteoclast (Oc) phenotype in a single cell culture, either with or without a mechanical stimulus. Secondly, the optimal co-culture conditions to support Ob differentiation but also osteoclastogenesis will be established by setting Ob/Oc cell rates and media composition. The effects of a mechanical stimulus on Ob and Oc cell differentiation will be evaluated by real-time RT-PCR and enzymatic activity. Bone adaptation will be timely monitored by microcomputed tomography. Finally, the best co-culture regime will be selected to characterize the effects of a clinically applied drug with known acting mechanism used to treat osteoporosis. Bone remodeling will be assessed by quantification expression of specific markers and by longitudinal monitoring of ECM.

Keywords: cell culture,cell biology,bone physiology,biomedicine,bioengineering
Identification and Characterisation of the Sex Locus in the Dioecious Moss Ceratodon purpureus. (CERATOSEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In genetically controlled sexual systems, gender is determined by defined chromosomal regions or by complete sex chromosomes. Both types have emerged independently and repeatedly during evolution. The structure, function and evolution of a number of sex determining regions (SDRs) have been studied in diploid organisms, but little is known about sex determination in haploid systems. The dioecious bryophyte Ceratodon purpureus presents an interesting subject for the study of evolution of sex not only because it is haploid but also because of its phylogenetic position as a basal plant. Deep transcriptomic analysis using next-generation sequencing will be performed in order to identify sex specific regions of the genome. Sex-related genes will be identified by deep transcriptomic sequencing of a segregating population. Genes controlling sex-determination should be localised within non-recombining regions of the sex chromosomes. X- and Y-linked genes identified as candidate sex-determining loci will be functionally tested using the high-frequency gene targeting technology possible in both C. purpureus and its hermaphrodite relative Physcomitrella patens. Because deep transcriptome analysis generates gene sequences on a genome-wide scale, it will be possible to compare rates of evolution between X- and Y-linked genes, and between autosomally located genes.

Keywords: sex determination,sex chromosome evolution,ceratodon purpureus,physcomitrella patens,rna-seq,transcriptome,genome evolution
Probabilities, Propensities, and Conditionals: Implications for Logic and Empirical Science (PROBPROPCOND)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal is for a complex and interlocking set of topics in the philosophy of science, logic, and the foundations of probability and statistics, and of quantum mechanics. The focus of the project is on important and unexplored connections between objective probability, physical propensities, and the logic of conditional statements. The main expected outcome is an improved understanding of the nature of probability and its role in the empirical sciences, particularly in relation to quantum physics. The topics are of great current interest and relevance across a number of disciplines, including philosophy of science, logic, probability and statistics, and the foundations of quantum physics. There are further potential applications to computer science, statistical methodology, scientific modelling, and causal inference. The project is very carefully structured in a number of work packages with a number of specific objectives and deliverables for each: i) propensities and dispositions, ii) the logic of conditionals, iii) conditional probability and the probability of conditionals, iv) propensities and conditionals, v) alternative calculi of probability, vi) applications to foundations of quantum mechanics, vii) further applications, and viii) historical developments. Overall this proposal constitutes an ambitious research, training and mobility framework for an accomplished middle career scholar to enable him to develop into a leading researcher at a critical juncture in his career. It significantly enhances the researcher's existing portfolio and areas of expertise, while providing him with a new set of skills, abilities, and competences. It adds to European competitiveness in the area by means of its proposed set of diverse and significant activities at the European level, and by retaining human resources in the field in Europe.

Keywords: philosophy of science,philosophy of probability and statistics,foundations of physics,scientific methodology,causal and statistical inference,causal metaphysics,logic of conditionals
Targeting the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in adipose tissue for obesity prevention and treatment. (ADIPONRF2)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 252742.2
EU funding (EUR): 252742.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research addresses the question of how the manipulation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling in adipose tissue affects the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nrf2 is a central orchestrator of a battery of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes in response to oxidative or electrophilic stress and there is growing evidence that it cross-talks with other pathways. Our previous works showed that the whole body deletion of Nrf2 protected, at least partially, mice from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance and led to impaired adipogenesis. Another study has shown that mice treated with an Nrf2 activator, the triterpenoid CDDO-Im, were also protected from HFD-induced obesity. However, little is known about the exact mechanisms involved and which tissue is the main contributor to the resulting phenotype. Taking into account that there is in vitro evidence that Nrf2 is implicated in adipogenesis by crosstalking with transcription factors central to the adipocyte differentiation (PPARgamma, C/EBP beta), the main focus of this research will be to develop a murine model with conditional deletion of Nrf2 (loss of Nrf2 function) or Keap1 (gain of Nrf2 function) in adipose tissue using the Cre-recombinase-loxP system. Using both these models we will study how genetic manipulation of Nrf2 specifically in adipose tissue affects the development of HFD-induced obesity, the oxygen and energy consumption, the insulin resistance and the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in adipose and other tissues in the different genotypes. Experiments using primary adipocyte cultures will give a mechanistic insight into adipogenesis and insulin signaling. This work will advance the field of obesity by actually being the first work that scrutinously characterize Nrf2 as a novel target for obesity prevention and treatment and possibly pave the way for relevant future clinical trials using Keap1/Nrf2 pathway modifying agents.

Keywords: obesity,diabetes,nrf2,keap1,oxidative stress,metabolism
Curating the Ephemeral: Practices of Engagement and Display in Contemporary Art (CTE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 392423.0
EU funding (EUR): 392423.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A training-through-research project whose aim is to substantially enhance and complement the experienced researcher’s established profile as a respected writer with specialisms in theatre, performance and art theory, by creating a strong profile in curatorial practice (and strategy) within the visual arts sector. The project stages a sustained investigation of diverse curatorial approaches within and outside international art institutions, under the expert supervision of Carol Becker (Professor and Dean, School of the Arts, Columbia University, NYC). Becker is renowned for her work on radical art practices, art institutions, globalization and the politics of contemporary cultural production. CTE takes place in the context of a proliferation of contemporary art practices that challenge the objecthood, permanence and material status of the artwork. It examines recent tendencies toward socially engaged, processual and relational artworks; the re-valuation of dance and performance art within museums; and the conditions of display, reception and archival presence now given to such work by art’s institutions and arbiters. The project will move through the close examination and realization of curatorial tactics in participating major international art institutions in America and Europe as well as the observation and analysis of work by numerous independent curators. Consolidating and articulating the curatorial knowledges acquired through sustained cross-cultural and cross-sectoral training experiences, I will produce a landmark publication alongside public-facing outreach events within participating institutions. The international dimension of this research will benefit European art and performance cultures and institutions, by transferring knowledge of historically marginalized European work, and by the attainment of a new curatorial profile that returns a rich resource of skills, connections, strategies and grounded analyses for the curation of the ephemeral.

Keywords: curatorial practice,performance art,live art,dance,aesthetics
Targeting BET Bromodomains in Cancer – Mechanisms of Sensitivity and Resistance (BET(TER) TARGETS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186783.6
EU funding (EUR): 186783.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Besides DNA mutations, cancers harbor complex aberrations of the epigenetic landscape, which are reversible and amenable to pharmacologic intervention. Therapeutic targeting of chromatin regulators has shown great promise in first clinical studies, and this has triggered a massive effort to explore this machinery in academic and pharmaceutical research. Recently, the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) containing protein 4 (BRD4), a reader of histone-acetyl marks, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target, and newly identified small-molecule BET inhibitors have shown impressive effects in preclinical cancer models. Unlike most established drug targets, BRD4 is typically not mutated or overexpressed in sensitive cell types, yet different cancer contexts show vast differences in their sensitivity to BET inhibition. This suggests that cancer cells can become “non-oncogene addicted” to BRD4. However, the mechanistic basis for this phenomenon remains elusive and so far no biomarker could be identified for predicting the sensitivity or resistance to BET inhibition. Moreover, preliminary results in an AML mouse model suggest that cells can rapidly become resistant to BRD4 inhibition, most likely through an epigenetic mechanism. This project will use an innovative approach combining proteomic profiling, advanced RNAi technologies and experimentally tractable mouse models of cancer to systematically identify and functionally characterize molecular determinants of sensitivity and resistance to BET inhibition. Advancing this mechanistic understanding will not only be critical for the further development of BET inhibitors in the clinic, but may reveal other key players that might be interesting as complementary or alternative target molecules. We believe that this study will contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer and therapy resistance, which will be essential for further exploring this promising class of therapeutic targets.

Keywords: cancer,leukemia,aml,epigenetics,targeted therapies,small-molecule inhibitors,drug resistance,bet bromodomain,brd4,ibet-151,jq1,mouse models,gemm,rnai,rnai screening,shrna,proteomics
The role of recombination in evolution and epidemiology of bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (R-EVOLUTION PNEUMO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to improve our understanding of the role of recombination (uptake and incorporation of foreign DNA) for the evolution and epidemiology of the major human bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae, also known as the pneumococcus. There is an increasing appreciation of the public health significance of recombination in S. pneumoniae, where recombination has enabled major drug-resistant lineages to rapidly evade new conjugate vaccines. Here, I propose to investigate the role of different mechanisms of recombination in the context of (a) coevolution of the pathogen with the human immune system, (b) generation of novel antigenic diversity at the capsular locus, and (c) adaptation to clinical treatment by generation of novel bacterial lineages carrying multi-drug resistant genes and vaccine “escape” antigens. To do so, I will use an interdisciplinary approach of evolutionary microbiology, immunology, and epidemiology of infectious diseases. First, I will employ a generic evolutionary-epidemiological modelling approach to understand the population dynamic of recombination. Second, I will analyse newly available pneumococcal full-genome sequences to examine the link between recombination, immunity, vaccine, and drug-resistance in pneumococcus. The benefit of this research will be threefold. First, a better understanding of the role of recombination in coevolution with the human populations would be of benefit to the field of bacterial evolution and microbiology in general. Second, the approach outlined here can be applied to study recombination in other recombinogenic bacterial pathogens, like Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella enterica or Helicobacter pylori. Finally, gaining further insight into the predicted long-term response against the current and future vaccines would help in the design of more effective forms of clinical interventions and help saving children’ lives.

Keywords: recombination,pneumococcus,evolution,epidemiology,immune system,capsule,conjugate vaccine,antimicrobial resistance
Policy implementation in stressful times: Analyzing coping strategies of civil servants (COPING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181260.6
EU funding (EUR): 181260.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on coping strategies civil servants use when they experience stress during implementing governmental policies. Consider an insurance physician who has to reassess a huge number of clients receiving a work disability benefit, in order to check whether they are still entitled to this benefit. Will he cope with this high workload by becoming less thorough, handling reassessments quicker? Or will he cope by talking to his manager, arguing that he should receive more time to preserve high quality reassessments? This real-world example shows that insurance physicians can cope with stress during policy implementation in various ways. Policy implementation scholars note that the phenomenon of coping is very important, as some coping strategies seriously threaten the effectiveness and legitimacy of governmental policies. However, coping during policy implementation lacks systematic study. This project thoroughly analyses coping during policy implementation. It makes extensive use of clinical psychology literature, which has an strong track-record on coping. Hence, it follows a truly interdisciplinary approach, combining policy implementation and clinical psychology literature. It has three aims: 1) to construct a definition and classification of ways of coping during policy implementation, 2) to develop a related measurement instrument to measure ways of coping (using surveys), 3) to identify the main antecedents of ways coping (for instance, what causes a civil servant to engage in rule-breaking as a way of coping?). Literature reviews, interviews and surveys methods will be used extensively. The project is innovative in two ways: theoretically (building among else a classification of coping) and methodologically (using advanced quantitative techniques very novel to the policy implementation field). It will be conducted at the prestigious University of California, Berkeley and at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, a top European research university.

Keywords: s109 political systems - legitimacy of governance,policy implementation,coping,street-level bureaucracy,psychology,interdisciplinary,quantitative research,e114 public administration - publi
The olive and the vine in European Prehistory (OVIPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-15
End date: 2015-10-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The cultivation, domestication and intensive exploitation of the vine and the olive transformed the agricultural, economic and social history of Europe. Without these crops and their products, wine and oil, the environment, landscape, farming, and trade would have been entirely different. This project will reconstruct the biogeography of the olive and the vine, explore their diffusion and routes of movement into Europe, and define the processes behind their early exploitation, and understand the beginnings of arboriculture in Europe. Additional objectives will be to detect whether separate domestication episodes occurred within Europe, and advance our understanding of crop domestication, management strategies and varietal histories. The project will examine methods of wine and olive oil making, associate them with archaeological and archaeobotanical evidence, and define the related changes that occurred in agricultural, economic and social organization. Case studies will be used from the Aegean and Cyprus, the crossroads between Asia and Europe. The timeframe of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium encompasses the transition from gathering to cultivation, domestication and then to organized vineyards and olive groves, the production of wine and olive oil and the creation of a new social and economic realities. Building on the applicant’s expertise in archaeobotanical analysis, a multidisciplinary framework includes training in new techniques for studying archaeobotanical remains, charcoal analysis, and archaeogenetics. Training will be provided and the project hosted by the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, an international centre of excellence in these areas. Data analysis and interpretation will confront the fundamentally transformative effect of the olive and the vine, mapping the communication of ideas and movements of commodities on ever larger scales, underpinning their formative role in the creation of wider European society.

Keywords: olive,vine,archaeobotany,chacoal analysis,archaeogentics,origin of wine and olive oil production,beginning of arboriculture in europe,social and economic history of europe