Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
An inter-disciplinary approach for identifying evolutionary active regions in the human genome (MALADAPTED)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Starting Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499699.2
EU funding (EUR): 1499699.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Humans, like other extant species, have been successful in the course of evolution because of their ability to adapt to their ever changing environment. Both genetic and non-genetic evidence points to Africa as the main playground of our species for most of its evolutionary history, and suggests that for most of that history our ancestors fitness was linked to survival in low latitude specific environments. Over the past 100,000 years, however, humans dispersed globally, being repeatedly challenged to cope with the diverse range of natural environments and climate of our planet. The economic and cultural shifts from a non-sedentary lifestyle to a food producing and settled way of life in the last 10,000 years have further exposed us to a range of new diets and diseases related to increased population densities. In view of such major changes in the human environment, shifts brought about both by new lands, new socio-economic systems and changing climate, this project asks the question - How adapted to their environment are humans today? In order to answer this question, this project proposes a multidisciplinary approach that combines genetic and non-genetic evidence on human demographic history, phenotypic adaptation and genetic differentiation. The aim of the project is to reveal which parts of our genome have experienced the highest degree of change recently, thus showing us the way to identify those aspects of our biology that have been, or still are, most maladapted to our modern environments. The project will focus on three major aspects of human adaptation climate (cold, sun exposure), nutrition and lifestyle. To explore these, the project will focus on three areas of the world North Asia (Siberia), Southeast Asia and North Africa. For each of these areas, it will compare past and present environments, history of population dispersals, and contrast the patterns of phenotypic and genomic diversity in the populations living there today.

Keywords: adaptation,tests of selection,genome-wide genotype and sequence data,human origins,human evolution,population genetics
Multi-pronged Strategies to Regain Voluntary Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury (WALK AGAIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1395540.0
EU funding (EUR): 1395540.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) permanently abolishes motor functions caudal to the lesion. Various strategies have been pursued to promote functional recovery after such injuries. However, none of these attempts were able to return voluntary movements in paralyzed subjects. Here, we propose an innovative transdisciplinary research program including parallel approaches that will converge into an integrated multi-pronged therapy able to restore voluntary movements after paralyzing SCI. To achieve this goal, we will capitalize on our recent breakthroughs that demonstrate the impressive capacity of pharmacological and electrical spinal cord stimulations to promote full weight bearing walking in paralyzed rats when combined with rehabilitation. In Walk Again, we will improve high level control of spinal circuits with synergistic combinations of pharmacological agents, and with the design of multisite stimulation strategies using electrode arrays. Functional electrical stimulation of muscles will provide complementary low level tuning capacities to adjust limb motion. To allow voluntary control, we will establish a new line of research and pioneer brain-spinal interfaces by which cortical modulations will directly adjust stimulations of spinal circuits and muscles. In the final stages, we will enable neurorehabilitation with this cortico-spinal neuroprosthesis in the presence of anti-NogoA regenerative therapy. The underlying objective is to devise a fully-operative neuroprosthetic system that will enable self-driven rehabilitation in a permissive plastic environment. Walk Again will fertilize frontier research with pioneer ideas that will increase European competitiveness while paving the way toward viable clinical applications to restore function in paralyzed individuals.

Keywords: spinal cord injury,locomotion,electrical stimulation,neurorehabilitation,neuroprosthetics,neuroregeneration
In vivo biology of the mononuclear phagocyte system. A molecular & functional approach (MPS2010)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Leucocytes are hemopoietic cells involved in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and the defence against infection. Recent efforts have focused on the innate immune system , responsible for the early defence against pathogens, at the cost of tissue inflammation and inflammatory disease. New tools and experimental strategies have allowed investigation of an essential component of the innate immune system: cells referred to as the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which includes blood monocytes, tissue macrophages, and dendritic cells. In a project supported by an Euryi award in France, we identified bone marrow progenitors for the MPS (Fogg et al., Science 2006), and a surprising exception to this rule: the existence of non-bone marrow precursors for tissue-resident cells (Chorro et al., J. Exp. Med 2009 in press), and in vivo functions of blood monocytes using intravital microscopy (Auffray et al., Science 2007). In 2008 I moved to London to start a new laboratory and benefit from a multidisciplinary environment, but I was not allowed to transfer my EURyi funding. This new project build on our early discoveries, and aims to bring to the next stage the molecular analysis of monocyte/macrophage functions in an intact animal. Toward this aim we will therefore use a direct in vivo approach based on innovative mouse models and cutting edge microscopy techniques, to i) characterise the molecular control of homeostasis of a subset of resident cells of the MPS, the Langerhans cells, which are independent from the bone marrow, under steady state and inflammatory conditions, and investigate whether this model apply to other resident cells . We will also characterise the ii) functional outcomes and iii) the molecular mechanisms of tissue surveillance by blood monocytes during vascular inflammation in vivo by developing and employing cutting-edge imaging methods.

Keywords: monocyte,flim/fret,microscopie intravitale
Clinical development of Enzyme Replacement Therapy in alpha-Mannosidosis patients using recombinant human enzyme. (ALPHA-MAN)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Denmark,Belgium,United Kingdom,Germany,France,Norway,Denmark,Poland,Denmark,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8028469.2
EU funding (EUR): 5887150.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

Alpha-Mannosidosis is a rare Lysosomal Storage Disorder with a worldwide incidence of about 1:500 000. This orphan and devastating disease is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN) which is responsible for the intralysosomal degradation of mannosyl linked oligosaccharides. To date no causative treatment for alpha-Mannosidosis is available and since most of the children are born healthy, an early initiated therapy could contribute to a normal development. To develop an efficient therapy for this disease the collaborative research project EURAMAN and HUE-MAN were initiated within FP5 and FP6, respectively. Within these collaborative networks, European scientists, clinicians and the industry successfully i) developed an efficient pre-clinical Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) protocol using recombinant human (rh) LAMAN in a mouse model for alpha-Mannosidosis, ii) built up a database collecting patient data and iii) defined clinical endpoints for the future clinical trials in alpha-Mannosidosis patients by an European wide natural history study. Furthermore, the HUE-MAN network developed the conditions for a large-scale production of the recombinant enzyme and the way is now paved for the first clinical trials in man, which we aim to realize within FP7. The main objectives of the ALPHA-MAN project are i) the performance of efficient clinical trials (phase I-III) in alpha-Mannosidosis patients, ii) a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the mechanism of how the recombinant enzyme enters the cells of the central nervous system by performing ERT in a newly generated immuntolerant alpha-Mannosidosis mouse model, which allows chronic treatment and iii) the determination of the minimal effective dose with chronic treatment in the immuntolerant mice.

Keywords: orphan disease,lysosomal storage disorder,alpha-mannosidosis,enzyme replacment therapy,lamazyme
Control of Centriole Structure And Number (CENTRIOLSTRUCTNUMBER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091118, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Centrioles are essential for the formation of several microtubule organizing structures including cilia, flagella and centrosomes. These structures are involved in a variety of functions, from cell motility to division. Centrosome defects are seen in many cancers, while abnormalities in cilia and flagella can lead to a variety of human diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease. The molecular mechanisms regulating centriole biogenesis have only recently started to be unravelled, opening new ways to answer a wide range of questions that have fascinated biologists for more than a century. In this grant we are asking two fundamental questions that are central to human disease: how is centriole structure and number established and regulated in the eukaryotic cell? To address these questions we propose to identify new molecular players, and to test the role of these and known players in the context of specific mechanistic hypothesis, using in vitro and in vivo models. We propose to develop novel assays for centriole structure and regulation in order to address mechanistic problems not accessible with today s assays. In our search for novel components we will use a multidisciplinary approach combining bioinformatics with high throughput screening. The use of in vitro systems will permit the quantitative dissection of molecular mechanisms, while the study of those mechanisms in Drosophila will allow us to understand them at the whole organism level. Furthermore, this analysis, together with studies in human tissue culture cells, will allow us to understand the consequences of misregulation of these fundamental centriole properties for human disease, such as ciliopathies and cancer. My group is already collaborating with medical doctors in the study of centriole aberrations in human disease (cancer and ciliopathies), which will be invaluable to bringing the results of this study to the translational level.

Keywords: centriole,cilia,centrosome,drosophila,cytoskeleton
Star Formation in the Turbulent Interstellar Medium (SFTISM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this research project is to constrain star formation models with high dynamic range simulations. Current star formation simulations are based on unphysical initial conditions or artificial driving forces that mimic the energy injection from a large-scale turbulent cascade. This project proposes to overcome this limitation by developing star formation simulations that resolve the collapse of individual protostellar cores, while including the large scale-physical processes that drive the turbulence and control the life cycle of star-forming clouds. The project will include the large-scale physics by embedding the star-formation simulations, reaching a resolution of 200AU in collapsing cores, in a 1x1x20 Kpc region perpendicular to the Galactic disk. The ISM in this region will be modeled using three-dimensional, compressible, ideal MHD simulations (using adaptive mesh refinement methods), including density stratification in the Galactic gravitational field, gas self-gravity, radiative cooling, photoelectric and cosmic-ray heating, large-scale Galactic shear, star formation, and thermal and mechanical feedback from Type Ia, Ib+c, and Type II SN explosions. Besides the derivation of the star formation rate and the stellar mass function, our simulations will provide large samples of star-forming clouds. We will analyze the physical properties of these clouds and will generate simulated observations through radiative transfer calculations of the cloud line and dust continuum emission. Results from this project will be relevant to studies of the formation and evolution of galaxies and to the star formation history of the universe. They will be used to formulate sub-grid models for cosmological simulations of galaxy formation, where stellar feedbacks are important. Our simulated observations of star-forming clouds will be valuable for the interpretation of real observations.

Keywords: astrophysics
Spontaneous clearance in Patients acutely infected with HCV - Immune profiling, Novel biomarkers and X-omics approaches (SPHINX)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Biotechnology, generic tools and medical technologies for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Netherlands,Egypt,Tunisia,Germany,Italy
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3891846.67
EU funding (EUR): 2989910.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project aims to identify novel biomarkers and provide new insight into the mechanisms of spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) during the early stages of acute infection. Indeed hepatitis C is a major public health problem with high incidence in regions such as Egypt and other Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPCs). Our current application follows from an FP5 project entitled “Promoting Healthy Societies: research in support of regional infectious disease surveillance,” which permitted development of a cohort of patients with acute symptomatic HCV. Herein, we propose to build on this program for biochemical, immunologic and gene polymorphism assessment of patients with an enriched Consortium of European, Egyptian and Tunisian academic institutions and one European SME. Our multi-national, inter-disciplinary Consortium is in a strong position to establish an in-depth understanding of spontaneous viral clearance and provide needed information that will impact patient management and the design of candidate vaccines for HCV genotype 4. Specifically, we aim to use “-omics” or hypothesis-generating approaches to perform: (i) multi-analyte profiling of plasma analytes; (ii) characterization of HCV-specific cellular immune responses during the clearance phase; and (iii) assessment of genetic and epigenetic variations that predict viral clearance. Together, this will provide a framework for understanding the host response to acute HCV. In addition, we aim to establish a cooperative training program under the umbrella of the EU/MPC Research Collaboration – Fighting Hepatitis in Egypt, which will enhance Clinical Epidemiology and Biomarker Discovery. Cross-Consortia collaborations with the EU funded HepaCute Project and Egyptian funded STDF will further enhance the impact of our proposed work.

Keywords: acute hcv,viral clearance,biomarkers,mirna,genetic susceptibility
International Research on Quality in Healthcare (INTERQUALITY)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Optimising the delivery of healthcare to European citizens
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Poland,Germany,Denmark,Italy,United Kingdom,Luxembourg,United States,Poland,Belgium
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 41.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3734820.27
EU funding (EUR): 2950129.6
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

International Research Project on Financing Quality in Healthcare InterQuality gathers the interest for financing systems' effect on quality of healthcare of researchers from seven EU countries and US. The study, based on administrative and survey data, is designed for 36 months. It will take into account needs of four different patient groups (sectors), affected by: hospital, outpatient, pharmaceutical and integrated care. The scope of research will cover: utilization of resources and efficiency, quality of care, including: equity of access, patient satisfaction and safety of treatment. Resources allocated by each sector will be analyzed in relation to risk of their overuse, underuse or misuse. Critical appraisal of individual contracts will be based on the New Institutional Economics theory. Principal-Agent framework, the new standard approach to modelling relationships between payers and providers in healthcare, will be applied to the analysis of reimbursement schemes. The first two work-packages will prepare theoretical background and collect statistical data in required format. Dedicated Data Warehouse will be launched and exploited by all project participants. Work-packages 3-6 will perform core analytical work by building and testing sector-specific models and delivering expected project results. The research will be conducted in Poland, Italy, Denmark, Germany, United Kingdom and United States. Each of the chosen countries has different health care financing system therefore the comparison of the results and outcomes, addressing different aspects of financial incentives' effect on quality of care, will advance the knowledge base on sustainability of the health systems. Further knowledge gained from the project will provide support for Member States to choose the right financing mechanisms in the different areas of the health care system, according to their needs, in order to achieve better health with available resources.

Keywords: health care,efficiency,quality,financing models,equity,europe
Infectious triggers of chronic autoimmunity (INTRICATE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Denmark,United States,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Germany,Netherlands,Germany
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7764663.8
EU funding (EUR): 5965086.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal builds on existing expertise and collaborations of a multidisciplinary Consortium of basic scientists and clinical investigators each of whom has made a substantial individual contribution to understanding the links between infection and autoimmunity. The aim of the INTRICATE Consortium is to prosecute a programme of Translational Research that deliniates the role of infection in the induction and perpetuation of severe systemic autoimmune disease with the ultimate object of identifying new therapeutic strategies based on knowledge of pathogenesis. Our strategy will systematically analyse the complex and diverse processes involved in a “model” human disease: - Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated systemic vasculitis (AAV). AAV is ideally suited because it is known to be caused by autoantibodies of defined specificity and second because it is strongly linked to infection to infection. INTRICATE will use mouse models to answer the specific question whether infection with clinically relevant bacteria induces autoimmune disease in transgenic mice that express the human autoantigen. The use of novel high-throughput antigen array technology in well-characterized patient cohorts and analysis of microbial and host specific mechanisms combined with genome wide association study (GWAS) will determine whether dysbiosis or infection with specific microorganisms triggers the induction or re-activation of AAV. Unraveling the pathogenic processes that are responsible for this chronic autoimmune disease and the knowledge gained will lead to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: autoimmune vasculitis,anca,infection,dysbiosis,antigen microarray,mechanisms of disease,molecular mimicry,humanized murin model,translational medicine