Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Generic Early Warning Signals for Critical Transitions (EARLYWARNING)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2299171.2
EU funding (EUR): 2299171.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Abrupt shifts occasionally reshape complex systems in nature ranging in scale from lakes and reefs to regional climate systems. Such shifts sometimes represent critical transitions in the sense that they happen at tipping points where runaway change propels the system towards an alterative contrasting state. Although the mechanism of critical transitions can often be reconstructed in the hindsight, we are virtually unable to predict when they will happen in advance. Simulation models for complex environmental systems are simply not good enough to predict tipping points, and there is little hope that this will change over the coming decades. The proposed project is aimed at developing an alternative way to predict critical transitions. We aim at finding early warning signals for such transitions that are generic in the sense that they work irrespective of the (often poorly known) mechanisms responsible for the tipping points. Mathematical theory indicates that this might be possible. However, although excitement about these ideas is emerging, we are far from having a cohesive theory, let alone practical approaches for predicting critical transitions in large complex systems like lakes, coral reefs or the climate. I will work towards this goal with my team along three lines: 1) Develop a comprehensive theory of early warning signals using analytical mathematical techniques as well as models ranging in character from simple and transparent to elaborate and realistic; 2) Test the theory on experimental plankton systems kept in controlled microcosms; and 3) Analyze data from real systems that go through catastrophic transitions. The anticipated results would imply a major breakthrough in a field of research that is exiting as well as highly relevant to society. If we are successful, it would allow us to anticipate critical transitions even in large complex systems where we have little hope of predicting tipping points on the basis of mechanistic models.

Keywords: migraine,abrupt climate change,bistability
Single Molecule Imaging of the DNA Damage Response in Live Cells (SMI-DDR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2366576.0
EU funding (EUR): 2366576.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Accurate DNA replication is key to maintaining genomic stability. Replication is immensely complex requiring error-free duplication of several billion bases each time a human cell divides. The DNA replication machinery must deal with a wide range of DNA damage, aberrant secondary structures and DNA:protein complexes; obstacles that cause replication forks to arrest. Arrested replication complexes are actively stabilised by checkpoint pathways, but in some cases component proteins still dissociate from the site of DNA incorporation, resulting in fork ¿collapse¿. Collapsed forks can be restarted by homologous recombination (HR)-based processes, but are strongly associated with gross chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, the advantage gained by restarting a collapsed fork comes at the expense of an increased potential for genome instability. Structural, biochemical, and molecular techniques identified the main components and regulators of these processes, but are inherently limited to studying the system in bulk, thereby averaging events and limiting our understanding of the dynamics and behaviour of molecular participants. To overcome these limitations and to study single molecules at a single arrested or collapsed fork I propose to develop an nTIRF-PALM ¿super-resolution¿ microscopy platform that will allow the identification of individual protein molecule as well as very small numbers of molecules at <50 nanometer resolution inside the nucleus of a living eukaryotic cell. I propose to apply this methodology to the model organism fission yeast (S. pombe) to study the organization and structure of normal and restarted replication forks. To achieve this I propose to extend the development of site-specific and temporally controlled replication fork arrest systems to manipulate a single replication fork at a defined DNA locus. By creating a variety of fluorescent protein tags we will record "molecular movies" to provide insight into the dynamics and reaction mechanisms.

Keywords: tirf,microscopy,palm,yeast genetics,yeast cell biology,replication,repair recombination
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Promoting Single-Cell Migration in vivo (CELLMIG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1960600.0
EU funding (EUR): 1960600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The regulation of cell migration is central in pattern formation, homeostasis and disease. The proposed research is aimed at investigating the molecular basis for cell motility and the associated polarization of the cell. In view of the dynamic nature of these processes, we have chosen to utilize the migration of Primoridal Germ Cells (PGCs) in zebrafish - a model that offers unique experimental advantages for imaging and experimental manipulations. The fact that molecules facilitating the motility of zebrafish PGCs are evolutionary conserved and the finding that the cells are directed by chemokines, molecules that control a wide range of cell trafficking events in vertebrates, make this in vivo study of particular importance. The proposed work involves both the functional analysis of previously identified candidates and the identification of molecules, which have a presently unknown effect on the migration process. For both objectives, we will employ novel experimental schemes. We will examine the role of proteins in achieving functional cell polarity compatible with efficient motility and response to directional cues, using unique techniques and analysis tools in the context of the living organism. The precise function of the identified proteins will be determined by combining mathematical tools aimed at quantitatively gauging the role of the molecules in conferring proper cell shape, biophysical methods aimed at measuring forces, rigidity and cytoplasm flow and determination of the effect on the organization of relevant structures using cryo electron tomography. Together, this approach would provide a non-conventional understanding of cell migration by correlating structural, morphological and dynamic cellular properties with the ability of cells to effectively migrate towards their target.

Keywords: cell migration
Elucidation of the molecular and functional basis of disease phenotypes in the rat model (ELABORATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2476108.22
EU funding (EUR): 2476108.22
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Recent genetic studies have identified hundreds of susceptibility genes for common human diseases but genetic effects are small and identifying underlying mechanisms remains challenging. Rodent models offer significant advantages for analysis of disease phenotypes. Advances in genome resources and gene targeting have increased the attractiveness of the rat model for genetic studies but progress has been hampered by absence of relevant rat genome sequences. We recently sequenced the genome of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and will shortly have completed the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat sequence. The SHR genome contains over 750 genes that are completely or partly deleted, or have a frameshift in their open reading frame. These sequence variants, along with variants controlling dysregulated gene expression that we characterised previously, most likely include the major determinants of SHR cardiovascular and metabolic disease phenotypes. We shall determine the functional consequences of these variants by creating and phenotyping transgenic and knockout rats on the SHR and WKY genetic backgrounds, using transposon-mediated transgenesis and zinc-finger nuclease-mediated gene deletion recently shown to be highly efficient in rats. Genes will be prioritised for study by statistical and informatic analyses using our extensive physiological, gene expression and linkage data in these rat strains, and by comparative analysis with data from human genome-wide association studies. Confirmed rat disease genes will be tested for conserved functions in humans. These proposals provide a systematic route to elucidating the molecular and functional basis of disease phenotypes in SHR and WKY rats, and for translating these findings to advance understanding of common human diseases.

Keywords: experimental genetics,rat model,genetically complex traits,common human disease
The ecological significance of telomere dynamics: environments, individuals and inheritance (ECOTELO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Evolutionary, population and environmental biology
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2113818.0
EU funding (EUR): 2113818.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The current pace of change is such that many organisms face ever more rapid and severe fluctuations in their physical and biotic environments. A major challenge for ecologists and evolutionary biologists is in understanding how this will influence individuals, populations and ecosystems, and over what time scale such effects will occur. There is now great interest in so called 'maternal effects', which can generate rapid phenotypic responses, with both positive and negative fitness consequences in an ecological timeframe. In this project, I propose to examine a hitherto unconsidered route whereby the state of the mother alters the DNA that her offspring inherit, with profound effects on offspring reproductive performance and potential lifespan. This route is the effect of maternal state on telomeres, the DNA sequences that cap chromosomes ends; changes in the length and loss rate of telomeres could affect the longevity and reproductive output of individuals, their offspring and even grand-offspring. We still know very little about what telomere loss measurable at the cellular level actually means for organismal level performance, how it is influenced by environmental factors and intergenerational maternal effects, and how telomere dynamics relate to Darwinian fitness parameters. We lack experimental studies that track telomere loss within individuals subjected to varying environmental circumstances and relate this to organismal level outcomes for parents and offspring. I plan to address this gap in our understanding in a novel and innovative experimental programme that tests the idea that the effects of environmental stressors on senescence rates and lifespan are linked to accelerated telomere loss and that, through this route, can affect more than one generation.

Keywords: individual life histories,senescence,maternal effects
Lymphatic Vessels in Inflammation and Cancer Metastasis (LYVICAM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2493300.0
EU funding (EUR): 2493300.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Primary cancers can induce lymphatic vessel growth (lymphangiogenesis), enhancing metastasis to draining lymph nodes (LNs). We found that tumors also induce lymphangiogenesis in draining LNs, leading to increased cancer spread to distal LNs and beyond. Very recently, we found that lymphatic vessel activation in peripheral tissues and draining LNs also plays a previously unanticipated role in the control of chronic inflammatory diseases. This proposal aims at a comprehensive characterization of the function of lymphatic vessels in inflammation, using a variety of genetic mouse models for enhanced or reduced lymphatic function, novel quantitative techniques for the in vivo imaging of lymphatic function, and a miniaturized 3-dimensional in vitro platform for the high-throughput phenotypic screening of libraries of small, drug-like molecules for modulators of lymphatic function. A genome-wide analysis of the gene expression profile shall be made from lymphatic vessels isolated by high-speed cell sorting and by immuno-laser capture microdissection from tumors and their lymph node metastases, inflamed tissue and its draining lymph nodes, and normal tissues, followed by functional characterization of potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers. Finally, we will establish novel genetically fluorescent mouse models for the in vivo real-time imaging of lymphatic activation, and we will develop an innovative approach for the in vivo detection of early micrometastases, using antibody-based PET and near-infrared imaging of tumor-induced stromal changes. These studies will improve our understanding of lymphatic involvement in inflammation and cancer metastasis, and will provide the basis for completely novel approaches to treat and detect inflammation and cancer metastasis.

Keywords: inflammatory diseases,lymphatic metastasis,in vivo imaging
WING BOX TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION - TRADE-OFF STUDY FOR THE RANKING OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES BEST FITTING WING (WINGTECH_EVALUATION)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Italy,Italy
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2010-01, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 16.0
Total project cost (EUR): 119687.0
EU funding (EUR): 89765.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The activities encompassed in this proposal, aimed to provide a trade-off study between a reference wing stub box design and alternative advanced designs of the same structure incorporating new technologies, will exploit a methodological approach, which will allow to efficiently solve the simulation problem, by tackling all possible issues related to management of the geometries, definition of a high-quality mesh, application of specific composite material behavior laws, up to loading, solution and post-processing. The advanced character of the forecast approach is linked to the following aspects: - the complete modeling process will be integrated into a parametrized global process flow that, under the control of the Multi-Objective Optimization algorithms implemented within the modeFRONTIER tool, will allow a quick and complete exploration of the influence of the parameters that can influence the system performances; - the complete set of analyzed models will be explored (again using the modeFRONTIER tool) to rank them with respect to their key performances and to select the optimal candidate(s) considering the multiple selected objectives, by exploiting the mostly advanced Multi Criteria Decision methods.

Keywords: aerospace,composite materials,structural analysis,fem,cae,technologies,wing,optimization
Resin, Laminate and Industrial Nanoparticles Concept and Application. Industrialization (BME CLEAN SKY 032)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2010-01, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 27.0
Total project cost (EUR): 180000.0
EU funding (EUR): 134999.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposal is to develop hybrid epoxy resin composites, where both the matrix and the carbon fibre reinforcement contains nanoparticles, in order to improve the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of the carbon fibre reinforced aeronautical structures. The dispersion of the selected nanoparticles in epoxy resin matrix will be carried out by a three step masterbatch technique, resulting in low viscosity, evenly dispersed CNT filled epoxy resin systems ready for industrial size use. Rheological, morphological and spectroscopic (Raman, FTIR) characterization of the loaded materials will be carried out. Polymer nano/microfibers loaded with CNT and other nanoparticles, which serve as precursors for carbon fibres, will be produced by electrospinning method from PAN/DMF solution of CNTs. Optimal parameters for the graphitization of these yarns will be determined. Parallelly arranged CNT reinforced nanofibrous yarns will be carbonized and consequently infiltrated by the CNT filled matrix mixed with the curing agent. The final outcome is a tape consisting of an epoxy/CNT hybrid matrix and quasi-unidirectional carbon nanofibre/CNT yarn hybrid reinforcement. Thermal and electrical conductivity of the prepared laminate samples will be determined according to standard methods in the function of dispersion method and nanoparticles loading. Laminate samples will be evaluated against conducted lightning current pulses. Static (tensile, bending, interlaminar shear strength properties), dynamic (instrumented Charpy impact, instrumented falling weight impact, dynamic interlaminar properties) and fatigue testing of the composites will be carried out. After testing the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of composites, the industrial applicability of the developed electrospinning and graphitization methods and prepreg tape product will be studied.

Keywords: epoxy resin nanocomposites,production of nanofibres with electrospinning,carbon fibre loaded with nanoparticles,production of epoxy resin/cnt - carbon fibre/cnt hybrid composites
Nanoelectronics for Electric Vehicle Intelligent Failsafe Drive Train (MOTORBRAIN)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: ENIAC (Art-185)
Countries involved: Italy,Austria,Spain,Sweden,Romania,Germany,Austria,Czechia,Netherlands,Germany,Austria,United Kingdom,Italy,Germany,United Kingdom,Germany,Czechia,Germany,Germany,Netherlands,Germany,Romania,Germany,Italy,Austria
Call:  (ENIAC-2010-1, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2014-03-01
Duration (months): 35.0
Total project cost (EUR): 137822156.0
EU funding (EUR): 23016699.0
Participants: 30
Project status: CLOSED

The overall objective is to develop sustainable drive train topologies including control concepts for inherently safe electric vehicle power-train. The project focuses on significant steps ahead in terms of: 1. Development of smart electrical power-train concepts comprising high efficiency torque dense motors fully integrated with power converters and storage systems for modularity, compactness reliability and low cost. 2. Novel electrical machine topologies involving the use of soft magnetic composites and power electronics packaging and cooling systems suitable for in-motor integration. These will allow the implementation of innovative industrial processes for the manufacturing of lightweight low cost electrical drives. 3. Innovative drive train architecture and microcontroller concepts capable of achieving intrinsic fail-safe behaviour of the power-train thus enhancing the overall reliability and safety. The project will address the research on Power and high voltage electronics and smart miniaturized systems up to the subsystems, systems and vehicle demonstrators, encompassing the full supply chain of electric drives for EVs.

Keywords: electric drivetrain,power electronics integration,smart sensor nodes,energy efficiency,fault-tolerant drivetrain,soft magnetic composites,multi-core controller
Strongly anisotropic Graphite-like semiconductor/dielectric 2D nanolattices (2D-NANOLATTICES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Future and emerging technologies
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Greece,Belgium,Italy,France,France
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-C, 2009)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2271018.0
EU funding (EUR): 1628539.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

Graphite-like 2D nanolattices of dielectrics and semiconductors with enhanced anisotropic electronic properties are good candidates to pave the way to the ultimate scaling and performances of future nanoelectronic devices. Graphene, the most studied representative of the 2D graphitic materials, has overshadowed research on other potential 2D nanolattices with totally unexplored physical properties. One such 2D lattice, silicene (germanene), the Si (Ge) sp2-hybridized equivalent of graphene, if it exists, may offer better compatibility with silicon processing and may provide solutions for some of the problems of graphene associated with the lack of an energy gap. In this proposal we will focus on finding ways to induce and stabilize sp2 hybridization in Si and Ge and prove for the first time that silicene has a physical existence. This should be combined with similarly sp2-hybridized dielectrics which could offer a template for silicene and germanene growth and, at the same time, serve as gate insulators which are necessary for charge and current control in the 2D semiconductors. The ideal situation would be to obtain a sequence of sp2-hybridized dielectric/silicene alternating monolayers which are weakly bonded between each other in the vertical direction via van der Waals forces. A strong anisotropy could also be induced by regular sp3-hybridized ultrathin Si and Ge in which the periodicity along the vertical growth direction is artificially broken by the insertion of monolayer-thick non- semiconducting layers. In such a case, the bandstructure and the density of states could be strongly modified reducing in-plane effective mass while inhibiting the transport perpendicular to the layers. This could reduce gate leakage and carrier scattering, thus maintaining high mobility at low equivalent oxide thickness.

Keywords: silicene,nanoelectronics,ultimate scaling,graphitic materials