Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The mitochondrial mono-ADP-ribosylation landscape (MITOMAR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-06-23
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metabolism sustains life, providing the right amount of energy to keep the body active and responsive to a changing environment. Abnormal metabolism is at the heart of many health problems, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes, which severely affect an individual’s quality of life and have become high priorities for Europe. Our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie these diseases has rapidly evolved over recent years. Yet, the development of novel, effective interventions still requires the further identification and analysis of mechanistically ill-understood, but physiologically important molecular mechanisms and signaling networks. The MitoMAR project dissects mitochondrial mono-ADP-ribosylation, a highly dynamic, environment-responsive post-translational modification of cellular proteins, which links changes in mitochondrial function and NAD+ production to the aetiology of these diseases. We are studying the mitochondrial ADP-ribosyl-proteome under a variety of growth conditions and will describe the biological role of mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation for a subset of modified targets, characterizing their interaction with mitochondrial ADP-ribosyl polymerases and hydrolases Evidence indicates that ADP-ribosylation biology underlies the pathomechanisms of cancer, neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. The main aim of the MitoMAR project is to advance our understanding of the proteins and networks that are modulated by mitochondrial mono-ADP-ribosylation. Considering the central role of mitochondria and metabolism in human health, the expected results will be immediately useful to other researchers, and will ultimately facilitate the development of therapeutic approaches by identifying new drug targets.

Keywords: mono-adp-ribosylation,macrodomains,macrod2,macrod1,c6orf130,cancer,neurodegenerative disorder,systems biology,protein-protein interaction,live-cell imaging.
Heterogeneity and the Volatility of Financial Assets (HETEROVOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268685.6
EU funding (EUR): 268685.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research objectives of the project consist in exploring a new, realistic and parsimonious framework for modeling heterogeneity in economics and in investigating its implications for analyzing the volatility of financial assets. First, in order to develop this framework, a novel approach in economics is proposed based on measure-valued stochastic processes, which are extensively employed in mathematical biology to study the heterogeneity of a population with respect to a genetic characteristic. The new modeling framework is extremely relevant in the current context of increasing interest in analyzing heterogeneity effects in economics and in studying the complexity of economic systems. Second, the new framework for heterogeneity is employed to develop a micro-founded stochastic volatility model. Since the resulting continuous-time model is expected to be non-affine and endogenous, it will address some of the limitations of the existing exogenous and affine stochastic volatility models. By its own nature, the research project has a strong inter-disciplinary character, being at the intersection between finance, economics, and mathematics. The proposed methodology for modeling heterogeneity in economics is based on infinite-dimensional mathematical objects. Therefore, understanding and applying such a methodology requires mastering advanced methods from functional analysis, a branch of mathematics that deals with infinite-dimensional spaces. The project will be implemented under the supervision of an expert with vast experience both in functional analysis and in quantitative finance and with an extensive research network in both fields. The training is concerned with both scientific and professional skills. The objectives of the scientific training consist mainly in instructing the fellow with respect to the advanced tools needed during the research activities and those of the professional training in cultivating crucial transferable skills in an academic context.

Keywords: finance,quantitative finance,financial economics,continuous-time stochastic volatility model,non-affine stochastic volatility model,measure-valued stochastic process,heterogeneity
Topology and dynamics in driven quantum systems (TOPDRIVE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 298932.6
EU funding (EUR): 298932.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Advances in experimental capabilities over the past decade have given researchers unprecedented access to the quantum mechanical properties of matter in systems of ever-growing size, opening many possibilities for exploring deep fundamental questions about the nature of quantum mechanics in complex/macroscopic systems, and for potential transformative practical advances, e.g. by enabling quantum information processing technologies. With this project, I seek to discover and to characterize new types of robust quantum mechanical phenomena which may be generated dynamically in driven many-body systems. I will focus primarily on phenomena related to topological aspects of the underlying quantum dynamics, which are expected to be largely insensitive to microscopic details and therefore to hold the most promise for in-depth study in macroscopic samples. My specific research goals for this theoretical project are to develop a complete topological classification for the dynamics of periodically driven lattice systems and to provide a characterization of the corresponding non-equilibrium many-body dynamics. Work will be carried out in collaboration with local researchers, enabling valuable transfer of knowledge to my European host, the Niels Bohr Institute. As one of the initiators of the rapidly growing field of topological phenomena in periodically-driven quantum systems, I aim to bring my knowledge and expertise in this subject to the host group. So far, many of the key works in this emerging field have come from researchers outside of Europe; thus there is a clear strategic benefit to be gained by launching a nucleus of activity at the University of Copenhagen. My goals for transfer of knowledge are to bring the host group up to date on the current state of the art, and to share my vision and deep specific knowledge of the subject with individual European researchers through specific one-on-one collaborative works that advance the field in new directions.

Keywords: condensed matter physics,topological insulators,cold atoms,driven quantum systems,floquet states,non-equilibrium dynamics
Thermoelectric power generation from anomalous Nernst effect based on rare earth free hard magnetic materials (THERMO-SPIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 254637.8
EU funding (EUR): 254637.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project offers to explore a physical effect, the so called anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), for thermoelectric power generation. The research plan involves prototyping a simple, laminar thin film structure to exploit thermal electricity from waste heat. These cheap, easily available thermoelectric devices could play an important part in meeting Europe 2020 targets to increase energy efficiency by 20% as set out by the European Commission. The proposal aims to describe the quantum-mechanical effects responsible for the ANE through a selected range of simple metals and alloys. The plan involves the preparation and characterization of 6-8 simple as well as 2-3 highly unusual magnetic structures in thin film form. The primary training objective of the candidate is to absorb new skills involved in the thin film fabrication. This non-equilibrium preparation technique also gives an occasion to better understand the origin of hard magnetic properties of these rare earth free, transition metal based compositions. These efforts also meet EU directives to develop sustainable magnetic materials without, or with reduced use of, critical raw materials. In order to maximize the thermoelectric response of the simple laminar thin film architecture, a multi-scale simulation approach will be adopted. The macroscopic approach to prototype design will engage micromagnetic simulations based on finite element method, whilst state-of-the-art density functional theory (DFT) based on spin dynamics will be applied to describe the fundamental physical interactions responsible for ANE at the atomic level. To learn this powerful theoretical tool (spin dynamics) is also a training objective that builds on the candidate's existing computational skill using DFT. The proposal addresses the important issues of energy efficiency and sustainable magnetic materials using a multidisciplinary approach assembled to meet requirements at all levels.

Keywords: magnetism,thermoelectrics,anomalous nernst effect,hard magnetic materials,nanotechnology,thin film,electronic structure,density functional theory,micromagnetism
Investigating the role of dysregulated Interleukin-17 signalling in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (PSORIASIS IL17)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207928.8
EU funding (EUR): 207928.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Psoriasis is the most prevalent autoimmune disease, affecting approximately 125 million people worldwide. In Ireland alone it costs the health care system approximately 30 million euro yearly. Psoriasis is characterised by inflamed scaly red psoriatic plaques on the epidermis of sufferers and 20% of patients develop severe psoriasis, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Psoriasis can also be detrimental to a patient's psychological well-being. As there is no cure a psoriasis patient has a life-long struggle with managing the disease. Anti-Interleukin-17 (IL-17) biologics that target IL-17A and IL-17 receptor A have proved successful in clinical trials in treating psoriasis, however, how IL-17 cytokines mediate the inflammatory effects in psoriasis pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. These biologic therapies, though highly efficacious, will remain unavailable to the majority of psoriasis patients due to their expense. New research findings suggest that there are more suitable therapeutic targets amongst the IL-17 cytokine and receptor families, which may not be as critical to the host’s response to infection, emphasising a need for new therapeutic strategies. We propose to characterise the physiological role of IL-17 receptor D in psoriasis pathogenesis and present preliminary data to suggest that this role is protective. We also propose, with supporting data, that IL-17C may contribute to psoriasis pathogenesis by activating the IL-1 inflammasome and IL-17RD may regulate this. We propose to use a psoriasiform disease model in Il-17rd-deficient mice to characterise its function and samples from psoriasis patients to isolate primary keratinocytes to dissect IL-17C signalling pathways. Determining the roles of IL-17C and IL-17RD will aid in finally treating psoriasis effectively and would also aid in comprehending the role of dysregulated IL-17 signalling in other chronic inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: interleukin-17,inflammasome,interleukin-1,psoriasis,chronic inflammatory disease,signaling pathways,syk,itam,il-17c,il-17re,il-17rd,inflammation,autoimunity
Feud and blood feud between customary law and legal process in medieval and early modern Europe. The case of the Upper-Adriatic area. (FAIDA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-08
End date: 2017-12-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 249242.8
EU funding (EUR): 249242.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Feud and blood feud are topics, which have been given a fair share of attention by researchers all over the world. The focus so far has been on anthropological research, based on collecting oral testimonies and less focus has been given to collecting various archival sources, which is a basic technique for interdisciplinary and interpretative studies of the social phenomenon mentioned and which should be correlated to general historical and civilizational development of society and law. The revenge itself is not merely protection of one's honor, which is also in contemporary society one of the pillars of the value of human dignity and represents a fundamental constitutional element of community as well as a social control and legal norm, which were developed and formed accordingly to development of society, culture and under the influence of the environment in which it was created. Therefore, the focus of the research project will be the area of Upper-Adriatic in the late Medieval and early Modern Age, due to area's unique intertwining of cultural, political and social impacts (influences of Greek, Roman, Slavic, Venetian, Habsburg and Ottoman culture), especially considering the interaction between urban and rural communities, their customs and legal norms. This signifies that the focus will be on comparative study of feud between customary law and (codified) legal process, i.e. the basis for the development of common law and civil law in countries under the influence of European justice culture. In this area, due to historical and environmental circumstances, customary law remained in practice and in the oral tradition, collected and recorded in the 19th and 20th century, which together with abundance of preserved archival material and legal documents, represents excellent starting point for the comparative studies of the development of law and general civilizational relations within this research field in Europe and in the World.

Keywords: feud,blood feud,law,customs,legal process,medieval and modern age,istria,upper adriatic,cultural heritage,identity
Development of Photochromic Ligands for Selectively Expressed Glutamate Receptors (PHOTOLEG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

As life expectancies across the world continue to increase, the number of people suffering from a degenerative neurological disorder such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease also rapidly increases. This is a significant problem (particularly in the developed world), with sufferers regularly experiencing a poor quality of life which often leaves them requiring costly round-the-clock care. Current pharmaceuticals have had some success in treating specific neurological disorders, but their effects are significantly limited as they generally only slow the progression of the disease. Consequently, there is a significant need for new and innovative methods to treat these debilitating neurological conditions. Researchers have established that some neurological disorders are caused by the break-down of neural networks in the brain. This has since been linked to the malfunction of glutamate receptors (GluRs) found in the cell membranes of neurons. In this Fellowship, we propose that new families of photochromic ligands (PCLs) that selectively and reversibly control GluRs using light, could be used to 'reactivate' unresponsive neural networks in the brain, allowing for the development of new and pioneering treatments for neurological disorders. To accomplish this we will develop new PCLs that are 'turned-on' by low energy 'red-shifted' light and then are rapidly 'turned-off' in the dark. This will significantly advance the current state of the art PCLs which are 'turned-on' in the dark, making them unsuitable for therapeutic applications. The new PCLs will target GluRs that are selectively expressed in particular cell types in the brain that are linked with the onset of degenerative neurological diseases. This will allow us to extensively study the role these GluRs play in the onset of neurological disorders, thus enabling us to develop new methods to treat these debilitating diseases.

Keywords: glutamate receptor azobenzene photo switch chromic ligand gated ion channel kainate ampa nmda ap-4 neurotransmitter agonist brain function ionotropic metabotropic neurological disease central nervous
Computational optogenetics for the characterization and control of cortical activity (COMP-OPTOGEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Optogenetics provides a powerful tool with which to not only observe but also manipulate neuronal activity, due to the possibility it provides to spatially and temporally target subpopulations of neurons. Recently, the first reports have emerged of the co-expression of excitatory and silencing opsins within the same neuron population, providing the opportunity to control the balance of excitation and inhibition within neural circuits. However, this approach is currently limited by interactions between co-expressed opsins, which are suggested to be nonlinear. Correspondingly, this nonlinearity complicates the proposal of stimulation protocols for modulating neural activity. Thus although optogenetics progresses towards the use of co-activated opsins to modulate neural activity, the mechanisms underlying their interaction have not been studied. In this project, I propose to address the functional implications of this deficit by studying the co-activation of excitatory and silencing opsins from the level of single neurons, to their dual activation in networks. I will do this by combining two parallel approaches. Firstly, I will use experimental in vitro and in vivo models to study the effects of co-activated opsins in isolated neurons and networks respectively. Secondly, based on an underlying biophysical model of opsins, I will examine computer models of co-activated opsins in single cells and in a multiscale model of a cortical circuit. By combining findings from experimental and theoretical models, I will increase our understanding of the possibilities of co-activated opsins, whilst simultaneously providing suitable experimental and theoretical models with which to further explore the balance of excitation and inhibition in cortical networks. This research will be of great immediate benefit to optogenetics, and help define the future direction of this technique as an effective tool with which to study the role of excitation and inhibition within neural circuits.

Keywords: computational neuroscience,optogenetics,biophysics
Oceanic tunas as indicators of ecosystem health (OCEANTUNEIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-31
End date: 2017-07-20
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 254532.9
EU funding (EUR): 254532.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding to what extent human activities have altered marine biodiversity is an increasingly urgent societal challenge and of considerable scientific and policy concern. Our ignorance of the pressures upon and fate of marine biodiversity is, in part, because there are few synoptic global indicators to measure changes in marine biodiversity. Moreover, it has proven challenging to effectively incorporate ecosystem considerations into fisheries management decisions and advice. The main objectives of the OceanTuneIn project are (1) to develop new indicators for measuring biodiversity change in oceanic marine ecosystems using tunas and billfishes as sentinels of ocean health, and (2) to develop management guidelines to determine how these indicators can be effectively used for improving management and conservation of oceanic ecosystems. These objectives will be achieved through six main tasks: (1) Developing indicators of pressure, and ecological state for measuring biodiversity change; (2) Testing the performance of candidate indicators to identify reference points against which ecosystems can be assessed; (3) Developing management guidance in the performance and interpretation of candidate indicators to aid decision-makers in their potential use; (4) Training the Fellow in quantitative state-of-the-art methods; (5) Fostering collaborations with the tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations and (6) Raising societal awareness through effective communication of benefits of healthy oceans for the well being of humanity. The new knowledge, tools, training, and collaborations generated in this project have the potential to enhance Europe’s capacity to meet strategic national and international policy commitments in light of the European Commission Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the 2020 Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi Targets.

Keywords: biodiversity,ocean health,indicators,tunas,billfishes,rfmo,red list index,performance analysis,comparative analysis,fisheries management,bayesian,uncertainty,oceanic ecosystems