Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Absolutism as political language in early modern European discourse on statecraft. (ABSOLUTISM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-05
End date: 2011-01-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161225.98
EU funding (EUR): 161225.98
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The chief goal of the project is to provide a thorough, accurate and historiographically timely study of the political language of “early modern European absolutism”. Covering a major scholarly gap, my research explores the political vocabularies and philosophical paradigms employed by English, French and Spanish absolutist theorists to defend the cause of an unrestrained monarchy depicted along patriotic lines. In so doing, the research will illuminate an important tradition of political thinking whose doctrines largely contributed to shape the European political landscape in the early modern period and also influenced the reflection of major philosophers in the last three centuries. The most interesting question to which my project will provide an answer concerns analogies and differences characterising the elaboration of absolute rulership in the historically decisive period 1570-1640. Thanks to a systematic series of inter-textual analyses, I will discern continuities and breaks informing the narrative of absolute power articulated by different European thinkers. This will enable me to depict a groundbreaking fresco of early modern political absolutism, undertaking thus a work similar to that achieved in the field of republican studies and contractual theories by eminent Sussex scholars like Professor Knud Haakonssen and Dr. Richard Whatmore. My research will fully attain the objectives of the IEF by promoting a stimulating dialogue between academic communities across the Continent; by supporting a broader approach to the analysis of political doctrines so as to provide an indispensable tool to understand European history and its cultural heritage; by contributing to my scholarly development and mobility in light of my further research and future independent academic career. Finally, thanks to the support of the History Department at Sussex, I envisage the completion of a book and the publication of numerous articles.

Keywords: humanities,political ideas,europe,absolutism,patriotism,interdisciplinarity,widening scholarly research in european universities,european identity and political doctrines
Synthesis of chiral C3-symmetric tricyclic monophosphines and their application as chiral ligands in organometallic catalysis. (MONOPHOSPHINESC3SYMM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2008-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151369.07
EU funding (EUR): 151369.07
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The primary scientific objectives of this project are twofold, 1) to develop a methodology to access novel enantiomerically pure chiral C3 symmetric tricyclic monophosphines and, 2) to verify their utility as chiral ligands in transition metal catalysed asymmetric reactions. This project will involve both organic and organometallic chemistry. Organic chemistry will be used for the preparation of these novel C3 symmetric tricyclic monophosphines using known methodologies such as the ring-closing-metathesis reaction, 1,4 addition reactions and the Heck reaction. Organometallic chemistry will be used for the synthesis, isolation, purification and characterisation of novel chiral transition metal catalysts based on these phosphines. The chemical and physico-chemical characteristics of these catalysts will be studied and these catalysts will be tested in asymmetric transformations. In particular, attention will be turned toward palladium-catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation reactions, palladium-catalysed asymmetric hydrosilylation of alkenes with trichlorosilane and ruthenium-catalysed asymmetric ring-closing-metathesis reactions.

Keywords: physical sciences,organic chemistry,organometallic chemistry,synthesis of chiral ligands,catalysis,chiral c3-symmetrictricyclic monophosphines
Oxylipin signalling in plant defence against pathogens (OXYLIPIN SIGNALLING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 19.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151369.07
EU funding (EUR): 151369.07
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Plants recognize invading pathogens and trigger an array of signalling events eventually leading to a resistance response that prevents or limits pathogen growth in planta. One signalling event upon pathogen infection is the formation of lipid derived oxylipins. In the animal physiology a broad signalling role of fatty acid derived molecules (eicosanoid family of lipid signals) have been well established. Increasing evidence is emerging that plant oxylipins have a similar complex and vital biological role as signalling molecules contributing to resistance. In an in vitro assay, application of the oxylipin 9-hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acid (9-HOT) triggered potent effects in Arabidopsis wild-type seedlings like a root waving phenotype and the induction of hallmarks of plant defence. From a forward genetic screen approximately 30 mutants were identified that were non responsive to the oxylipin 9-HOT (noxy mutants) . A subset of these mutants has been tested in pathogen assays and revealed altered defence responses (enhanced or decreased resistance). The task will now be to identify the mutated genes and to perform their functional characterisations. I expect to identify genes that are of central importance for the perception and transduction of oxylipin signals in plant immunity.

Keywords: natural sciences,oxylipin signalling in plants,plant defence signalling in biotic stress,arabidopsis thaliana
Alterations in Memory Networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: Relating the Impact of Amyloid Burden with PIB-PET on Neuronal Activation as Assessed with fMRI (MCI_AD PIB-PET_FMRI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-08-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221369.89
EU funding (EUR): 221369.89
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of this first 2-year period as a post-doctoral research fellow at BWH/MGH Harvard Medical School is to get training in novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Pittsburgh Compound B–Positron Emission Tomography (PIB-PET) techniques, their analysis methods, and applications to aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The final purpose is to advance the candidate’s professional competence as an independent researcher and the integration of this knowledge and continuing of this research back upon returning to Karolinska Institutet (KI). To fulfill the aims listed above, Dr. Reisa Sperling, M.D., M.MSc. will serve as the Primary Mentor for the candidate. Dr. Sperling serves as the Principal Investigator (PI) of the Functional MRI Project on Dr. Marilyn Albert’s and Deborah Blacker’s Program Project on Cognition and Aging. Dr. Sperling is also the PI of the Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Neuroimaging SubCore and is the Director of Clinical Research at the BWH Memory Disorders Unit. She will be responsible for supervision of the candidate in the following aspects of this project: paradigm optimization, image acquisition and archiving, processing and evaluation of fMRI data as well as data analysis and preparation of publications. The results of this work are potentially of great significance to the field of aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases and will add to the promise in revealing novel insights into the fundamental understanding of the early indicators of pathophysiological alterations in Alzheimer’s disease. The training of the candidate will furthermore add to the knowledge at KI and will serve as the foundation for conducting similar research on demented individuals at the applicant’s home department. It will also be the beginning of future collaboration and exchange of expertise between the two departments.

Keywords: brain research,geriatrics,neurodegenerative diseases,preclinical dementia,neurobiology,neurology,cognitive neuroscience,neuroimaging,amyloid imaging
ACcurate Reconstruction In PET: Fully 3D PET reconstruction with compressed scatter system matrix (ACRIPET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-15
End date: 2010-01-14
Duration (months): 19.0
Total project cost (EUR): 135543.59
EU funding (EUR): 135543.59
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the fight against cancer, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) can provide 3D images of metabolic processes (i.e. of cells in action) in the body and contributes to diagnosis and treatment. Two-dimensional PET scanners (2D PET) have been replaced by three-dimensional PET machines combined with a CT (3D PET/CT). This led to complementary anatomical information (from the CT) and increased sensitivity (less noise in the images). However, the increased sensitivity comes along with an increased detection of scattered radiations that impair accurate quantitative measurements necessary for diagnosis and follow-up. PET images are usually reconstructed iteratively from the signal detected by the scanner using a system matrix that models the imaging process. In clinical 3D PET/CT, this huge system matrix (order of Terabytes) is highly simplified to make the problem tractable. Based on previous proof-of-principle studies in 2D PET by the applicant, the ACRIPET project proposes to develop a novel and accurate 3D reconstruction method based on an accurate (unlike approximate) system matrix obtained through Monte Carlo modelling of all patient and detector related effects interfering with the imaging process. The method uses compression schemes to reduce Monte Carlo noise and allow storage of the system matrix. These compression schemes will be extended to 3D PET and parallelized on multi node computer architecture to make accurate 3D PET reconstruction clinically feasible. By using the most modern computer resources to fully exploit the potential of 3D PET/CT scanners, PET image accuracy should be significantly increased, contributing to earlier detection and more precise characterization of the disease and of its evolution. The host laboratory has a high expertise and recognition in all fields involved the project and will contribute to enhance the researcher professional maturity for the development of his career in the field.

Keywords: physical sciences,health sciences,positron emission tomography,monte carlo,reconstruction,scatter
Nanosensors to monitor metal dynamics in living plant cells (SENSOMETAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 43.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230963.71
EU funding (EUR): 230963.71
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metals, such as manganese or zinc, are vital elements for plant growth and development. They are involved in many biological processes and one third of characterized enzymes are metalloproteins. Because metal excess or metal deprivation is deleterious for cells, plants have developed mechanisms to regulate the uptake, the transport and the storage of metals. Dr Thomine’s group, in Gif-sur-Yvette (France), has obtained evidence that metal compartmentalization is essential for metal homeostasis. However, no tools are currently available to monitor the dynamics of metal concentrations in living plants. Prof Frommer’s group, in Stanford (USA), pioneered the design of genetically encodable FRET nanosensors for living cells. The project will aim at developing a set of metal nanosensors to image in vivo the dynamics of manganese and zinc localization and their regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. An integrated approach in plants, combining the use of mutants impaired in metal transport and metal imaging, will enable us to further understand biological processes underlying the control of metal homeostasis in plants. This project will enable the researcher to acquire new expertise in the design of nanosensors for living cells.

Keywords: plant physiology,zinc and manganese nutrition,fret,metal nanosensors,in vivo imaging
Discovery and evaluation of novel butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (BCHI FOR AD THERAPY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-27
End date: 2010-09-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169957.94
EU funding (EUR): 169957.94
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is incurable. A drug candidate specifically inhibiting butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity will lead to improved clinical outcome in the treatment of AD. The fellow Qiong Shen (QS) has extensive experience, knowledge and technical skills in research into AD. Previously she developed chemistry and successfully synthesised a series of novel coumarine derivatives. She carried out biological assessment and demonstrated potent anti-chlolineric activity of the compounds. She developed structure-activity relationships and generated several inhibitor drug candidates. In this project, QS will bring her expertise of natural product chemistry and an understanding of the disease to the UoN, where the research in neurodegenerative diseases has been hampered by lack of the expertise and appropriate project. She will start this project by adapting the pharmacophore model she developed previously to generate a class of novel BChE inhibitors. She will prepare a library of heterocyclic compounds possessing novel and diverse structures inspired by natural medicinal molecules. The inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE will be assayed. The drug-likeness of the lead compounds will be further assessed in in vitro ADME/Tox assays. The success of this project will place the UoN at the forefront of research into CNS diseases. In addition, the involvement of QS will allow the UoN/EU to access to wealth of natural medicinal chemistry and compound collections held by her research associates at Sun Yat-Sen University and Guangdong Pharmaceutical University in China. The extensive proprietary and historical compound collections will form a major resource for future collaboration and new drug discovery project starting points. The proposed project is an ideal seeding programme providing stimulation and impetus for more extensive collaboration between the EU and China.

Keywords: neurobiology,neurology,organic chemistry,pharmaceutical chemistry,enzimology
Fate of anthropogenic nitrogen in aquatic systems of India (AQUATIC N IN INDIA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2011-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 227969.9
EU funding (EUR): 227969.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Indian Subcontinent occupies <3% of the total land area of the world; however, as much as 22% of the world’s human population lives here, in rough proportion to which the region accounts for ~19% (17 million tonnes of N annually) of the global synthetic N fertilizer consumption. Fossil fuel combustion is the other major source of new N introduced to the environment. The fate of the enormous N loading, which has increased by a factor of 50 over the past 4 decades, is largely unknown. Less than 5% of the anthropogenic N appears to reach the sea by river runoff; the rest presumably accumulates in the terrestrial aquatic systems where an unknown fraction may be removed as N2 or N2O through redox transformations, especially in anaerobic environments of the subsurface aquifers and hyperlimnions of stratified reservoirs and lakes. Given the serious health hazards of high nitrate levels in drinking water and the high greenhouse potential of N2O, both nitrate accumulation in natural waters and conversion of fixed N to N2O are of immense socio-economic significance. The proposed study will, for the first time, investigate N cycle processes in groundwaters and lakes/reservoirs in India. Three man-made reservoirs and one natural lake, and groundwater aquifers of three different types will be seasonally sampled for this purpose. The four major components of the project will be: (a) to study the spatial and temporal variations of various dissolved N species (organic N, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, N2O and N2) in relation to organic matter loading and ambient dissolved oxygen levels; (b) to determine rates of redox transformations (denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation) and assess their relative importance in N2 production; (c) to identify sources of N and understand mechanisms of its transformations through natural N and O isotope abundance measurements; and (d) to characterize through molecular analyses the microbial community involved in redox transformations.

Keywords: anthropogenic nitrogen,denitrification,anammox,fertilizers,nitrate,ammonium,nitrous oxide,groundwater,dams,lakes,india
Parallel Grid-aware Library for Neural Networks Training (PAGALINNET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-04-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231604.21
EU funding (EUR): 231604.21
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research is focused on the software library development for parallel neural networks training on computational Grids. The main scientific reason of the proposed research is to develop enhanced parallel neural network training algorithms which provide better parallelization efficiency on heterogeneous computational Grids in the contrast to existing algorithms. The objectives of the proposed research are: 1. to adapt the computational cost model of parallel neural network training algorithms within single pattern, batch pattern and modular approaches to heterogeneous computational Grid resources of host institution; 2. to develop enhanced single pattern and batch pattern parallel neural network training algorithms based on improved communication and barrier functions; 3. to develop a method of automatic matching of parallelization strategy to architecture of appropriate parallel computing system; 4. to develop parallel Grid-aware library for neural networks training capable to use heterogeneous computational resources; 5. to test experimentally parallel Grid-aware library for neural networks training on heterogeneous computational Grid system of host institution within the tasks of one of its active projects; 6. to deploy parallel Grid-aware library for neural networks training on the computational Grid of return host; 7. to test experimentally parallel Grid-aware library on computational systems of both host institution and return host. The cost models of the algorithms will be developed using computational complexity approaches, improved barrier and reducing function will be adapted to neural network parallelization schemes, optimization strategies will be used to find best matching “architecture of parallel system – neural network parallelization scheme”, software library will be implemented on C programming language and MPI parallelization, the efficiency of parallel algorithm will be assessed in comparison with sequential implementation.

Keywords: neural networks,parallel training algorithms,parallel computing,computational grids
Literature and Peception. On the Aesthetic Phenomenology of Central European Modernism (LAP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2010-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 210383.51
EU funding (EUR): 210383.51
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In psychology and the cognitive sciences, perception is defined as the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information. The study of phenomena of perception includes essentially natural scientific (i.e. biological, physiological or psychological) and also genuinely philosophical approaches, but also literature comprehends, displays and produces knowledge about perception: it receives and discusses contemporary (theoretical and non-theoretical) discourses about perception. As a manifestation of the aesthetic, it is the place where forms of perception (e.g. of time, space, the self or the world) undergo their formal aesthetic transformation. And it is the medium that is capable of further extending the „aisthetic“ (i.e. perception related) set of tools and thus the spectrum of the perceptible by the development of aesthetic methods. The literary and cultural studies project proposes to investigate the interrelations between perception and the aesthetic developments of literary modernism. In a multi-disciplinary approach, it focuses on the specific discursive production of knowledge about perception and how it is conditioned by epistemological and symbolical, medial, rhetorical and aesthetical preconditions, thereby investigating the commonalities and differences between literary, artistic, and academic ways of cognition and representation. It refers back to a trans-disciplinary concept of aesthetics as a theory of perception which extends the reflection on art by philosophical-epistemological, natural-scientific, cultural-historical, cultural-anthropological, art and media-theoretical findings. It analyzes texts of Central European Modernisms.

Keywords: perception,modern literature,transdisciplinarity,cultural studies,central european modernity