Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Evolving Internet Routing: A Paradigm Shift to Foster Innovation (NETVOLUTION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1410600.0
EU funding (EUR): 1410600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although the Internet is a great technological achievement, more than 40 years after its creation some of its original security and reliability problems remain unsolved. The root cause of these problems is the rigidity of the Internet architecture or in other words the Internet ossification problem, i.e., the basic architectural components of the Internet are set to stone and cannot be changed. The most ossified component of the Internet architecture is the inter-domain routing system. In this project, our goal is to address this challenge and to introduce a new Internet routing architecture that 1) enables innovation at the inter-domain level, 2) is backward-compatible with the present Internet architecture, and 3) provides concrete economic incentives for adopting it. We propose a new Internet routing paradigm based on a novel techno-economic framework, which exploits emerging technologies and meets these three goals. Our novel idea is that the combination of routing control logic outsourcing with Software Defined Networking (SDN) principles enables to innovate at the inter-domain level and therefore has the potential for a major break-through in the architecture of the Internet routing system. SDN is a rapidly emerging new computer networking architecture that makes the routing control plane of a network programmable. Based on our framework, we propose to design, build, and verify a better inter-domain routing system, which solves fundamental security, reliability, and manageability problems of the Internet architecture. Our work will be organized in four core topics 1) build a mutli-domain centralized routing control platform, 2) improve the reliability and security of the current inter-domain routing system, 3) design techniques for resolving tussles between competing network domains, 4) introduce advanced network monitoring and security techniques that intelligently correlate data from multiple domain to diagnose routing outages and attacks.
HiLamBiz (HILAMBIZ)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2012-03, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 29.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1962900.0
EU funding (EUR): 1472175.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal covers the preparation and performance of a wind tunnel test using an innovative Bizjet with natural laminar flow wings, RC-controlled HTP and nacelles. Model design, manufacturing and instrumentation will be supported for achieving a high quality model for a test in cryogenic environment. The tunnel will be instrumented for performance tests on a z-sting mounted full model acquiring forces, moments as well as steady and unsteady pressure data. Transition location on the wings will be assessed using temperature sensitive paint. Wing shape will be determined with a stereo camera system. Final data and images are going to be provided to the topic manager. Risk assessment and a dissemination plan are provided.

Keywords: high reynolds number,wind tunnel testing,transonic flow,natural laminar flow,transition,cfd validation
CERN-EC Support for SESAME Magnets (CESSAMAG)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: General Activities
Destination: General Activities
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8851584.0
EU funding (EUR): 5000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

CERN proposes to assist the SESAME light source to construct its main storage ring by proposing to the EU a joint project with CERN. The goal of this collaboration is to deliver to SESAME a major and symbolic component of its main ring, namely the magnet system. In the proposed scenario, the EU funds the material and training costs, and CERN provides expert human resources. The components will be purchased from the European industry. This initiative will be carried out with the full involvement of SESAME at all appropriate levels, with the combined goals of providing a state-of-the-art system in the shortest possible time scale, of taking advantage of all SESAME competences, and of exposing the SESAME team to the experience CERN has gained over decades in the relevant technologies. In doing so, CERN, as a prominent science organization founded as a science-for-peace center after the Second World War, and the EU, as a major political actor in the world, will give a major impetus to the project. Together with the voluntary contributions that will be provided by SESAME Members, this will motivate similar support from other parts of the world, and ensure the successful and timely completion of the construction phase of the project, allowing its political and scientific benefits to be fully realized at an early date to the benefit of the region and of all stakeholders. This initiative has the unreserved support of the SESAME Director and directorate, as well as that of the SESAME Council and its President, which, on the invitation of the CERN Director-General, held its most recent Council meeting at CERN in May 2012.

Keywords: synchrotron light source,sesame,storage ring,magnets,power supplies,international cooperation
Atomic-scale STudies Of the Nature of and conditions for Inducing Superconductivity at High-temperatures (ASTONISH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2170696.0
EU funding (EUR): 2170696.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the greatest challenges these days in condensed matter physics is the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms leading to high-Tc superconductivity and ultimately, as a result of that, the discovery of a material system exhibiting a superconducting state with a transition temperature Tc above room temperature. While several different classes of high-Tc materials have been discovered in the past decades, including the well-known CuO-based superconductors (cuprates) or the more recently discovered class of Fe-based superconductors (pnictides), the mechanisms behind high-Tc superconductivity remain controversial. Up to date, no theory exists which would allow for a rational design of a superconducting material with a transition temperature above room temperature. On the other hand, experiments on rather complex material systems often suffer from material imperfections or from a lack of tunability of materials’ properties within a wide range. Our experimental studies within this project therefore will focus on model-type systems which can be prepared and thoroughly characterized with atomic level precision. The growth of the model-type samples will be controlled vertically one atomic layer at a time and laterally by making use of single-atom manipulation techniques. Atomic-scale characterization at low energy-scales will be performed by low-temperature spin-resolved elastic and inelastic scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) as well as by non-contact atomic force microscopy and spectroscopy based techniques. Transport experiments will be conducted by a four-probe STM setup under well-defined ultra-high vacuum conditions. By having access to the electronic and spin, as well as to the vibrational degrees of freedom down to the atomic level, we hope to be able to identify the nature of and the conditions for inducing superconductivity at high temperatures, which could ultimately lead a knowledge-based design of high-Tc superconductors.

Keywords: unconventional superconductivity,nano-scale superconductors,atomic-level material design,spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy,inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy
Guided Nanowires: From Growth Mechanism to Self-Integrating Nanosystems (GUIDEDNW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2063872.0
EU funding (EUR): 2063872.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The large-scale assembly of nanowires (NWs) with controlled orientation on surfaces remains one challenge toward their integration into practical devices. A recent paper in Science from the PI’s group reported the guided growth of millimeter-long horizontal NWs with controlled orientations on crystal surfaces. The growth directions and crystallographic orientation of GaN NWs are controlled by their epitaxial relationship with different planes of sapphire, as well as by a graphoepitaxial effect that guides their growth along surface steps and grooves. Despite their interaction with the surface, these horizontally grown NWs have surprisingly few defects, exhibiting optical and electronic properties superior to those of vertically grown NWs. We observed that whereas in a 2D film stress accumulates in two directions, in a NW stress accumulates along its axis, but can relax in the transversal direction, making the 1D system much more tolerant to mismatch than a 2D film. This new 1D nanoscale effect, along with the graphoepitaxial effect, subverts the paradigm not only in the young field of NWs, but also in the established field of epitaxy. This paves the way to highly controlled semiconductor structures with potential applications not available by other means. The aim of this project is to investigate the guided growth of NWs and unleash its vast possibilities toward the realization of self-integrating nanosystems. First, we will generalize the guided growth of NWs to a variety of semiconductors and substrates, and produce ordered arrays of NWs with coherently modulated composition and doping. Second, we will conduct fundamental studies to investigate the correlated structure, growth mechanism, optical and electronic properties of guided NWs. Third, we will exploit the guided growth of NWs for the production of various functional self-integrating systems, including nanocircuits, LEDs, lasers, photovoltaic cells, photodetectors, photonic and nonlinear optical devices.

Keywords: nanowires,self-assembly,bottom-up,epitaxy,growth,vapor-liquid-solid,nanoscience,nanotechnology,self-organization,assembly,directed,one-dimensional,semiconductor
Cortical maps for space (GRIDCODE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ultimate goal of neuroscience is to understand the neural basis of subjective experience and behaviour. With our discovery of grid cells as the brain´s metric for space in 2005, spatial navigation became one of the first non-sensory ‘cognitive’ functions of the brain to be accessible for mechanistic analysis. Grid cells are cells with spatially localized firing fields that tile environments with a periodic hexagonal firing pattern in a manner that enables accurate self-localization. Because this activity matrix is generated in the brain, in elaborate neural circuits far away from specific sensory inputs, grid cells provide us with unprecedented access to algorithms of neural coding in the higher cortices. The present proposal will take advantage of this emerging opportunity. The overall objective is to decipher how function is coded, divided and integrated among components of the grid-cell circuit of the medial entorhinal cortex and associated regions. Using a combination of transgenic interventions, intracellular recording and multisite multichannel tetrode recording, we shall establish the mechanisms by which grid cells organize into functionally independent modules, as well as the factors specifying quantitative relationships between grid modules. We shall determine how grid modules are formed during development, test the hypothesis that grid patterns are derived from the local recurrent inhibitory network in layer II, and establish how spatial signals in the entorhinal cortex are transformed to place-cell signals in the hippocampus. Collectively, these studies will pioneer the understanding of functional organization and neural-circuit coding in a non-sensory non-motor mammalian cortex.

Keywords: hippocampus,entorhinal cortex,space,place cells,grid cells,neural circuits,computational neuroscience,neurophysiology,memory.
Powering cells with light: the synthetic biology of photosynthesis (SYNTHPHOTO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2484955.0
EU funding (EUR): 2484955.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Billions of tonnes of chlorophylls are synthesised every year, then incorporated into the photosynthetic complexes that harvest and trap the solar energy that powers the biosphere. An understanding of the mechanisms that deliver chlorophylls to the growing photosynthetic apparatus is important for fundamental reasons, and also for future exploitation of photosynthesis as an energy source. The SYNTHPHOTO project comprises two interlinked sections: the first (SP1) will provide a step change in our knowledge of photosystem assembly by showing how newly-synthesised pigments emerging from the (bacterio)chlorophyll synthases encounter the membrane-embedded assembly machinery and form the growing photosynthetic unit. Innovations in atomic force microscopy will provide the first nanoscale mapping information on the membrane location of the assembly machinery, and state-of-the-art mass spectrometry will quantify every component in the assembly pathway. SP2 will harness this knowledge for the design and construction of new biological and bioinspired light-gathering and energy-trapping systems. The synthetic biology approach of SP2 will splice genes for pigment and assembly pathways from a variety of bacteria, reconfiguring the photosynthetic apparatus for enhanced spectral coverage. SP2 will explore the potential for ‘bottom-up’ redesign and in vivo production of tailored arrays of photosynthetic complexes and enzymes. Building hybrid photosystems in SP2 augments the aims of SP1 by testing the adaptability of the native biosynthetic machinery, providing a new level of understanding of pigment biosynthesis and photosystem assembly pathways. The overall aim of SYNTHPHOTO is to discover the mechanisms of assembly of the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus, and to harness this understanding for the design, development and implementation of new biological and bioinspired light-gathering and energy trapping systems.

Keywords: photosynthesis,membrane proteins,chlorophyll,carotenoid,atomic force microscopy,electron microscopy,mass spectrometry
Selective Carbon-Carbon Bond Activation: A Wellspring of Untapped Reactivity (CMETC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-11-01
End date: 2018-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2367495.0
EU funding (EUR): 2367495.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The creation of new molecular entities and subsequent exploitation of their properties is central to a broad spectrum of research disciplines from medicine to materials. Most –if not all- of the efforts of organic chemists were directed to the development of creative strategies to built carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds in a predictable and efficient manner. But is the creation of new bonds the only approach that organic chemistry should follow? Could we design the synthesis of challenging molecular skeleton no more through the construction of carbon-carbon bonds but rather through selective cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds (C-C bond activation)? The goal of this work is to develop powerful synthetic approaches for the selective C-C bond activation and demonstrate that it has the potential to be a general principle in organic synthesis for the regio-, diastereo- and even enantiomerically enriched preparation of adducts despite that C-C single bonds belong among the least reactive functional groups in chemistry. The realization of this synthetic potential requires the ability to functionalize selectively one C-C bond in compounds containing many such bonds and an array of functional groups. This site selective C-C bond activation is one of the greatest challenges that must be met to be used widely in complex-molecular synthesis. To emphasize the practicality of C-C bond activation, we will prepare in a single-pot operation challenging molecular framework possessing various stereogenic centers from very simple starting materials through selective C-C bond activation. Ideally, alkenes will be in-situ transformed into alkanes that will subsequently undergo the C-C activation even in the presence of functional group. This work will lead to ground-breaking advances when non-strained cycloalkanes (cyclopentane, cyclohexane) will undergo this smooth C-C bond activation with friendly and non toxic organometallic species.

Keywords: c-c bond activation,allylic c-h activation,carbometalation,small rings,diastereoselectivity,zirconocene
An in vivo imaging approach to understand pancreatic beta-cell signal-transduction (BETAIMAGE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499590.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499590.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The challenge in cell physiology/pathology today is to translate in vitro findings to the living organism. We have developed a unique approach where signal-transduction can be investigated in vivo non-invasively, longitudinally at single cell resolution, using the anterior chamber of the eye as a natural body window for imaging. We will use this approach to understand how the universally important and highly complex signal Ca2+ is regulated in the pancreatic beta-cell, while localized in the vascularized and innervated islet of Langerhans, and how that affects the insulin secretory machinery in vivo. Engrafted islets in the eye take on identical innervation- and vascularization patterns as those in the pancreas and are proficient in regulating glucose homeostasis in the animal. Since the pancreatic islet constitutes a micro-organ, this imaging approach offers a seminal model system to understand Ca2+ signaling in individual cells at the organ level in real life. We will test the hypothesis that the Ca2+-signal has a key role in pancreatic beta-cell function and survival in vivo and that perturbation in the Ca2+-signal serves as a common denominator for beta-cell pathology associated with impaired glucose homeostasis and diabetes. Of special interest is how innervation impacts on Ca2+-dynamics and the integration of autocrine, paracrine and endocrine signals in fine-tuning the Ca2+-signal with regard to beta-cell function and survival. We aim to define key defects in the machinery regulating Ca2+-dynamics in association with the autoimmune reaction, inflammation and obesity eventually resulting in diabetes. Our imaging platform will be applied to clarify in vivo regulation of Ca2+-dynamics in both healthy and diabetic human beta-cells. To define novel drugable targets for treatment of diabetes, it is crucial to identify similarities and differences in the molecular machinery regulating the in vivo Ca2+-signal in the human and in the rodent beta-cell.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus,signal transduction,islet of langerhans,biosensors,fret,functional imaging
Atmospheric flow Analogues and Climate Change (A2C2)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1491457.0
EU funding (EUR): 1491457.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The A2C2 project treats two major challenges in climate and atmospheric research: the time dependence of the climate attractor to external forcings (solar, volcanic eruptions and anthropogenic), and the attribution of extreme climate events occurring in the northern extra-tropics. The main difficulties are the limited climate information, the computer cost of model simulations, and mathematical assumptions that are hardly verified and often overlooked in the literature. A2C2 proposes a practical framework to overcome those three difficulties, linking the theory of dynamical systems and statistics. We will generalize the methodology of flow analogues to multiple databases in order to obtain probabilistic descriptions of analogue decompositions. The project is divided into three workpackages (WP). WP1 embeds the analogue method in the theory of dynamical systems in order to provide a metric of an attractor deformation in time. The important methodological step is to detect trends or persisting outliers in the dates and scores of analogues when the system yields time-varying forcings. This is done from idealized models and full size climate models in which the forcings (anthropogenic and natural) are known. A2C2 creates an open source toolkit to compute flow analogues from a wide array of databases (WP2). WP3 treats the two scientific challenges with the analogue method and multiple model ensembles, hence allowing uncertainty estimates under realistic mathematical hypotheses. The flow analogue methodology allows a systematic and quasi real-time analysis of extreme events, which is currently out of the reach of conventional climate modeling approaches. The major breakthrough of A2C2 is to bridge the gap between operational needs (the immediate analysis of climate events) and the understanding long-term climate changes. A2C2 opens new research horizons for the exploitation of ensembles of simulations and reliable estimates of uncertainty.

Keywords: climate change,dynamical systems,attractor,extreme events,statistics