Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Optimal Control of multiscale processes with applications to energy systems (SOC-MP-ES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The European energy policy aims to establish Europe as one of the world leaders in renewable energy and low-carbon technologies. The energy challenge consists of the set of technologies and policies that need to be developed in order to enable the transition to a low-carbon economy. The motivation for studying energy systems stems from this challenge. Studying the properties of energy systems requires the use of advanced simulation and control algorithms for the computation of the optimal system design. The purpose of optimisation is to inform planning or strategic decision-making. A crucial property of energy systems is that they are not exclusively physics based. Rather, energy models combine economics, technology and engineering. Over the last forty years computer models that integrate heterogeneous subsystems have been developed. Current state of the art methodologies make simplifying assumptions about the dynamics of the processes at time scales finer or larger than the primary time-step of the model. With the introduction of new technologies, combined with the need for optimal utilisation of existing infrastructures and the optimal integration of new technologies, it is becoming more and more apparent that finer time-scale processes have important feedbacks on the optimal strategy for longer time-scales that are not captured by the conventional simplifications. The overall objective of the proposed project is to develop simulation and control algorithms for integrated multiscale models. We will use the theory of singularly perturbed Markov processes for the definition of appropriate mathematical abstractions for representing multiscale dynamics in energy models. We will then develop a novel Multiscale Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation and analysis of such systems. Finally, the theoretical framework will be applied to an integrated transportation and power systems model.

Keywords: systems engineering,environmental economics,systems theory
A New Halo-Imidazolums and Halo-Triazoliums Halogen-Bonding Receptors for Anion Recognition and Sensing (CIGACP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With a view to increasing the understanding of molecular recognition processes in biological systems and producing new molecular sensors, switches and devices, my research is focused on the synthesis of novel host molecules that contain redox- or photo-active reporter groups. These systems have been designed to complex and sense, anionic or neutral inorganic or organic guest species via electrochemical and optical methods. Selective binding of a particular guest species is of paramount importance for commercial applications such as potential prototypes of new molecular sensory devices, molecular switches and extraction agents for cleansing the environment of toxic materials. Recently I have been exploring the use of the halogen bonding in solution as a receptor of anions. Halogen bonding is largely underexploited, with the majority of reported cases in the solid state. However, I have recently reported the first example of a receptor for anions in aqueous media through halogen bonding. Integrating halogen atoms into molecular host frameworks influences greatly the host’s recognition behaviour. Especially interesting is the area of surface and nanoparticle chemistry, due to the singular optical and electrochemical properties of nanoparticles and their applications in catalysis, biomedical imaging and materials. My research in this area focuses on exploiting the remarkable surface enhancement of anion recognition to fabricate highly sensitive and selective anion detection devices.

Keywords: halogen-bondind,anion,electrochemistry,fluorescence,colorimetric,nanoparticle,surface
A TRIP through chromatin and DNA double strand break repair (TRIP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Genes tend to aggregate, nucleotide usage tends to change over large domains and yet, reasons for this are poorly understood. This suggests that there exists unknown molecular processes at work for millions of years and that shape the structure of modern genomes. Understanding the organization of genomes is another way to look into these molecular processes. Particularly relevant are DNA repair and chromatin processes, which can have a significant impact on the global organization of a genome. In this project, we hammer out the concept of chromatin print; which represents the effect of the local chromatin structure on the evolution of genomes through DNA repair. The existence of the chromatin print is no longer to be established, but the nature and strength of the phenomenon escape experimentation for lack of appropriate technologies. We are developing a method called TRIP for Thousands of Reporters In Parallel to precisely tackle this issue. The goal of this project is to develop and use TRIP to obtain a genome-wide dataset revealing how double-strand breaks occur and are repaired in different chromatin environments. This will give a clearer picture of the evolution of regulatory sequences and of the strength of the chromatin print. In the long term, knowledge of mutation-prone sequences might be used for routine prenatal checks of human syndromes caused by de novo mutations such as autism.

Keywords: l101 molecular biology and interactions,l103 dna biosynthesis - modification - repair and degradation,l208 epigenetics and gene regulation
Integration of Immigrants in Western European Countries: A Comparative Sociology Perspective (IM-IT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project aims to undertake a systematic investigation of the incorporation of immigrants into the labor market of Western European countries within a comparative sociology framework. The study will be conducted with a cross-national comparative perspective, while simultaneously examining the impact of ethnic origin and generation on various labor market outcomes for immigrants. Thus, the general objective of the proposed research project is to examine the inter-generational patterns of labor market incorporation across various ethnic groups of immigrants in a comparative cross-national perspective of ‘old-immigration’in Western European societies. The following countries will be included in the study: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. Specifically, the proposed research aims: 1. To examine the effect of ethnic origin and generation on the relative labor market outcomes of immigrants (in comparison to native populations) in each one of the above ten countries, while focusing on the following labor market outcomes: active labor force participation, occupational attainment and earnings. 2. To compare the ways in which ethnic origin affects the relative labor market outcomes of (first and second generation) immigrant men and that of (first and second generation) immigrant women. 3. To compare the results obtained for the labor market outcomes (as described in objectives 1 and 2) across different countries; specifically, to study the differences in the relative labor market outcomes of different immigrant groups across structural characteristics of the countries as degree of national labor market flexibility, welfare state regimes and immigrant integration policies The proposed research project will use quantitative analysis methods (e.g. various procedures of multivariate analysis) and draw on the data obtained from national representative samples in the ten Western European countries.

Keywords: s101 social structure - inequalities - social mobility,comparative sociology,immigrants' integration,europe,labor market,cross-national comparative perspective
Celluar and Molecular Bases of Vertebrate Eye Morphogenesis (ZEYMORPH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our ability to understand the morphogenesis defects underlying hereditary ocular malformations such as cyclopia and micro/anophthalmia depends upon having a good understanding of the cellular events leading to the separation of the optic vesicles (OVs). The primordium of the eyes is specified as a single domain within the neural plate, which subsequently splits in two primordia, the OVs. Despite significant advance in the last few years to identify the main signals and transcription factors required for early eye development, we have a very limited knowledge about the cell behaviour involved in OV evagination, the signals that regulate this behaviour, and how defects in them might lead to eye morphogenesis phenotypes including cyclopia or micro/anophthalmia. In this proposal, we will make use of advanced imaging techniques in the living fish embryo to follow cell behaviour and analyse the impact of cell polarity establishment and adhesion properties during eye morphogenesis. Our preliminary analyses suggest that the Wnt and Ephrin signalling pathways may have important roles during OV evagination. We will manipulate the activity of these pathways and analyse how this affects cell behaviour, polarity and adhesion during eye morphogenesis. We will combine in vivo and in vitro approaches in a program of research that will help us analyse whether the dynamic behaviour of eye cells may be an intrinsic property of these cells, or may require their interaction with the surrounding tissues. We anticipate that this programme of research will make major contributions to our understanding of early eye morphogenesis and will set the basis to understand how defects in cell behaviour may lead to absence of optic vesicle evagination in cyclopia and micro/anophthalmia associated conditions.

Keywords: l301 morphology and functional imaging of cells,l309 developmental genetics - embryology in animals,l307 cell signalling and cellular interactions,l504 sensory systems
Measurements and modelling of the high-pressure phase equilibria related to the process of depolymerisation and cracking of lignin in near-critical water. (CRACKING OF LIGNIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark,Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Lignin is the second most abundant natural organic polymer on earth, being the first one among those composed of aromatic units. Lignin can be a renewable source of valuable phenolic chemicals, if converted to smaller molecular units, thus representing a potential bio-based alternative to several petrochemical processes. New processes for producing high-purity kraft lignin from wood have recently become commercial and, thus, in the years to come there will be a large amount of this bio-material available for future biorefineries. Among the possible processes for lignin depolymerisation and cracking, the conversion in near-critical or supercritical water is among the most promising. A version of this reactive process is currently under investigation in a laboratory plant at Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers), but several fundamental aspects of the process are still to be understood. This research proposal aims at integrating the activities currently carried out at Chalmers, focusing on fundamental aspects which are relevant for the process under investigation. More specifically, the proposed project aims at investigating the phase equilibria of the reacting system, composed of lignin and its derivatives, water at near-critical or supercritical conditions, co-solvents, and salts. The phase equilibrium analysis aims at providing information about the number and the nature of the phases constituting the system, depending on the operating parameters (e.g., pressure, temperature, concentration of salts). To reach this goal, the planned activities comprise the realization of a visual apparatus for measuring phase equilibrium at high-pressure and high-temperature, the measurements on samples taken from the reactor currently in use at Chalmers and on representative synthetic systems, and the development of thermodynamic modelling. The project is expected to find original results on this specific system. The project spans over a period of four years.

Keywords: biorefinery,renewable fuels,green chemicals,lignin,depolymerization,catalytic cracking,near-critical water,high-pressure phase equilibria,experimental measurements,thermodynamic modelling
Active Polymer-Functionalized Nanopores (ACTIVE NANOPORES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to develop, characterize and utilize nanopores functionalized with polymers. A new type of "active" nanopores with incorporated metal film electrodes will be fabricated. In contrast to existing nanopores, this enables electrochemical control and plasmonic readout of the contents inside the pore. Parallel to fabrication and characterization of active nanopores, the project will investigate the behaviour of stimuli responsive polymers using electrochemical plasmonic sensors. Such polymers undergo conformational changes (phase transitions) in response to changes in the local environment (e.g. pH or temperature). The phase transitions can be induced by electrochemistry. By functionalizing the active nanopores with responsive polymers, the permeability of the pores can be controlled by simple electrical signals. This is because local changes in the chemical environment, induced by electrochemical potentials, can induce phase changes in the polymers. This leads to new applications such as tunable permeability and electrically controlled gating. The excitation of surface plasmons in the metal films offers the possibility to monitor nanopore functionalization and also to detect conformational changes in the polymers. It is explained how the CIG grant will strongly help the applicant to estblish independent, original and high quality research activities at the host. The applicant is currently starting his evaluation period of four years at the host. The grant will strongly improve the chances for the applicant to be integrated at the host and start a successful long lasting career.

Keywords: nanopore,polymer,electrochemistry,surface plasmons,grafting,confinement,collapse,gating,gold,silicon nitride
Effect of an External Electric Field on Grain Boundary Evolution in the Course of Nano-Ceramic Sintering (EEEF-GBE-CNS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Consolidation of oxide nanoparticles in the presence of an electric field has provided promising results for retaining the nanostructure in the bulk. Although the sintering of nanoparticles shares the same basic principles as those for the sintering of coarser particles, a number of issues and challenges are specific to nanosintering. From a thermodynamic point of view, solid state sintering can be described as a thermally activated process during which the total interfacial free energy of an assembly of particles of equilibrium chemical composition decreases. Moreover, the consolidation and the grain growth pattern are determined by the ratio of the solid-vapour interfacial energy to the solid-solid interfacial (i.e., grain boundary) energy of the material. We propose to take a first step towards elucidating these processes in the presence of an external electric field by testing the synergistic effects of an external electric field and dopants on the grain boundary energy and sintering mechanism of oxide nanoceramics. Our first objective is to study the individual contribution of the dopant on the surface and interfacial energies. We hypothesize that the dopant will significantly affect these energies and thereby change the sintering course. Our second objective is to study the effect of a DC electric field on the dopants, the interfacial and surface energies, the space charge layer, and the grain size of the materials. We will map the contribution of each parameter to the consolidation process. The most promising parameter will be further investigated by studying the properties of the resulting material which is the third objective of this study. The experiments proposed here will increase our understanding of the consolidation mechanism of nanoceramics in the presence of an external electric field.

Keywords: electric field,nano ceramic,grain boundary,surface energy,interfacial energy,dopants,oxides,sintering
Stochastic and statistical properties of dislocation plasticity (STOCHPLAST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The dominant mechanism for producing large irreversible (plastic) strain in atomic crystals is the motion of interacting dislocations, that are line defects in the crystalline lattice. Their collective dynamics plays a dominant role in plastic yield, strain bursts, micron-scale size effects and creep deformation at high temperatures. The project is motivated by the apparent technological need for developing a profound physically-based understanding of these phenomena. We will apply state-of-the-art experiments and well-established dislocation simulations to (i) investigate the stochastic properties of micron-scale plasticity and dislocation avalanches, (ii) explore the nature of the plastic flow transition, (iii) to develop a continuum plasticity model that accounts for boundaries and fluctuations and (iv) to investigate high temperature creep properties of 2D dusty plasma. By applying elements of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics we will develop higher scale models of these dislocation mediated phenomena. Completion of the project is expected not only to lead to top-level scientific results on the stochastic properties of collective dislocation dynamics but also to provide tools being promising candidates for further technological applications. The EU contribution will help the applicant to establish himself as an individual researcher after his mobility period and contribute significantly to the scientific success of his research career. By improving the chances of his permanent integration, the grant would help to transfer the knowledge he acquired abroad to the host country, and enable him to maintain his scientific international co-operations. The funding will, therefore, contribute for the European Union to maintain a leading role in the field of plasticity and materials science in general.

Keywords: mechanical properties,crystal plasticity,dislocation dynamics,size effect,strain burst,dislocation creep,2d lattice,dusty plasma,statistical mechanics