Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Optics and Lasing in Complex Media (NOLACOME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261853.5
EU funding (EUR): 261853.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The past decade has witnessed a stupendous growth in research activity on the way we control the flow and storage of photons. This activity has been, to a large extent, driven by the enormous progress in micro- and nano-fabrication capabilities of photonic media. The presented proposal aims at a theoretical and computational study of Non-linear optics and Lasing in Complex Photonic Media, enabled by this capability. The complexity of these media stems from their non-trivial spatial structure which is required for the control of electromagnetic radiation in various applications like novel micro- and nano-lasers. The proposed research will focus on four main topics: the role of a spatially non-uniform pump/gain medium in laser characteristics and its interplay with the resonator geometry for the design of compact and power-efficient lasers; lasing in Parity-Time (PT) symmetric cavities and its relation to unidirectional invisibility and the anti-laser; existence of a statistical signature of Anderson Localization in Random Lasers; theoretical techniques to study collective effects in Non-linear Optics that derive from the complexity in the photonic structure used to confine light. Results from these research activities are expected to have impact both on basic research and on applied technology for the design of novel and improved photonic devices.

Keywords: physical sciences,lasers,nonlinear optics,chaotic resonators,semiclassical laser theory,maxwell-bloch equations
The Future of Preschoolers At Risk: The Mediational Role of Executive Functions on Effects of Maltreatment and Neglect on Pre-Academic Skills, and the Moderation of Family SES and Classroom Quality (AT-RISK PRESCHOOLERS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2015-02-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151426.8
EU funding (EUR): 151426.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Early exposure to contextual risk factors can have dramatic consequences for children’s cognitive skills. My postdoctoral work will focus on the effects of maltreatment and neglect, and the mediational role of executive functions, on the pre-academic skills of 200 Portuguese preschoolers under the care of Child and Youth Protection Committees [CPCJ]. I also propose to examine the moderating effects of family socioeconomic status and classroom quality in the relationship between these risk factors and pre-academic skills. To address these issues, I will conduct a study of pre-academic and executive function skills of CPCJ preschoolers. I will also use propensity score matching with a comparison sample of 100 randomly selected children from the same preschools to address self-selection bias of children into the risk group. This innovative approach will provide a better understanding of the relationship between risk and protective factors and the pre-academic and executive function skills of Portuguese preschoolers at-risk. This study will have considerable practical implications across the sectors of child protection, education, and social security. First, it will inform policy and practice in child protection on how to intervene and develop programs to interrupt the cycle of violence and disadvantage in the families of at-risk children. Second, it will demonstrate how to change early educational settings to best serve the youngest and most at-risk members of society. Third, it will influence the way we target social security resources to at-risk populations.

Keywords: education,developmental psychology,educational psychology
Exploring ’synthetic lethality’ and ’synthetic viability’ to elucidate responses of breast and prostate cancer cells to DNA damage and treatment resistance (SYNVIA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 238068.6
EU funding (EUR): 238068.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The key objective of this Marie Curie project is to explore the ‘synthetic lethality’ and ‘synthetic viability’ principles applied to DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms and help derive new therapies and/or biomarkers for personalized treatment of breast and prostate cancer. As these tumors are major causes of mortality and morbidity in Europe, and this multifaceted project in an outstanding host environment provide unique opportunities for training, this ‘SYNvia’ proposal directly addresses the prevailing medical needs and issues relevant for this Work Programme. The emerging potential of drugs/inhibitors to block certain DDR pathways is illustrated by the successful clinical trials with PARP1 inhibitors on BRCA1/2-deficient breast/ovarian tumours. This documents the power of combined interference with different DDR processes: ‘synthetic lethality’ (synthesis of cancer-specific defect of one DNA repair pathway with a drug to inhibit another repair mechanism) to combat cancer. The host laboratory made several discoveries in the DDR/cancer field, including examples of synthetic lethality, and contribution to the first example of synthetic viability, the latter causing resistance to cisplatin or PARP inhibitors in BRCA-defective cancers through loss of 53BP1. Here, we will use high-content siRNA-based functional screens to pinpoint novel synthetic viability and lethality combinations of the down-regulated genes with promising inhibitors of, respectively, PARP1 or the key DDR kinases ATM, ATR and DNA-PK. A range of cell and molecular biology and imaging methods will serve to validate selected combinations, combined with mouse xenograft experiments and tumour microarrays to test candidate biomarkers. As all tools and methods are available, this ambitious project is feasible. Given that tumours commonly harbour DDR defects, this project will help exploit our knowledge of the DDR to optimize and further personalize cancer treatment, while minimizing side effects.

Keywords: breast cancer,prostate cancer,dna damage response,synthetic viability and lethality,ionizing radiation,chemotherapy,biomarkers,sirna screening,kinase and parp inhibitor
Generation of Basaltic Magmas in the Earth’s Upper Mantle (GOBMEUM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2017-04-01
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

Partial melting in the Earth’s mantle is the only recognizable process that has generated continents, shallow-and-deep ocean floors, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Voluminous basaltic magmas erupt at mid-oceanic ridges (mid-ocean ridge basalts, MORB) as a consequence of mantle upwelling beneath spreading plates. Volumetrically less significant are magmatic eruptions at oceanic 'hot-spot' locations such as Hawaii and Iceland (ocean-island basalts, OIB). Because of geochemistry, MORB and OIB carry important information about the chemical and physical properties/dynamics of the mantle. The basis of this proposal is to experimentally determine high pressure-temperature melting phase relations along two critical regions of the melting curve, plagioclase-spinel lherzolite and spinel-garnet lherzolite transitions. Such phase diagrams, which are essential for our understanding of how melting occurs inside our planet, are currently absent. A piston-cylinder press will be used for the experiments at 0.7-1.4 GPa and 2.3-3.0 GPa. An electron microprobe will be used to analyse composition of experimental run products. Completion of the project will provide a unique opportunity to place solid constraints on very important issues about magma generation in the upper mantle. Proposed work will for the first time make a serious attempt toward putting fundamental constraints on the very important issue of temperatures in the Earth’s mantle. Hence, such data will tell us how hot the upper mantle is, which has further significant consequences toward mantle convection and mantle dynamics. The applicant has excellent background in experimental and theoretical petrology. The present CIG proposal is a perfect launching pad for young scientists like me who want to make Europe their base of scientific work. Further, CIG is a very good program since it is open to nationals of countries outside Europe, but who have a foothold here, and bring-in their own expertise to European Science.

Keywords: physical sciences,basalt,mid-ocean ridge and intra-plate magmatism,oceanic crust,peridotite,melting,mantle,experimental and theoretical petrology,major elements
Extremal Problems in Combinatorics and Their Applications (PECTA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this proposal we describe a variety of problems in Extremal Combinatorics which we intend to study. These problems belong to the following two areas: 1. Additive Combinatorics: We intend to investigate different aspects of Green's variant of the classical Removal Lemma from Graph Theory. Besides being a fundamental problem, we have recently shown that certain variants of Green's result have applications in Theoretical Computer Science. We are working on extending this work to more general settings with the hope of resolving several open problems. 2. Quasi-Randomness: The theory of Quasi-Randomness is one of the most interesting ways in which combinatorics interacts with other areas of mathematics. The main goal is to come up with conditions under which deterministic structures behave like random ones. This concept turned out to be extremely useful for tackling a variety of open problems in different areas. We intend to consider several problem related to graphs and hypergraphs and to further extend this theory.

Keywords: extremal combinators,additive number theory,regularity lemma,quasi-randomness,randomized algorithms,removal lemma,hypergraphs,technological sciences
Assessment of the potential, the actors and relevant business cases for large scale and seasonal storage of renewable electricity by hydrogen underground storage in Europe (HYUNDER)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Romania,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,France,Belgium,Germany,Germany,Germany
Call:  (FCH-JU-2011-1, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-18
End date: 2014-07-17
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1766516.0
EU funding (EUR): 1193273.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

Scope and background of project In the 4th call of the European FCH JU (AIP 2011) a project has been called to map out the relevance of hydrogen underground storage. The focus being on seasonal energy storage at large scale, the potential, application profile, impact of and schedule to implement this concept may differ across Europe. In recent studies a clear profile for various large-scale storage concepts / technologies has been elaborated for Germany, and here specifically the northern regions, with involvement of the public sector and industry. Utilizing this knowledge, also actors in other regions have started to assess the individual geographic hydrogen underground storage potential in their respective region such as in Spain and the UK and show interest to commercially deploy this concept. Expected results The idea behind the project is to establish a European initiative supporting the deployment of hydrogen energy storage in underground storage caverns at large scale, benchmark their storage potential in relation to the energy market and competing storage technologies, and to identify and assess application areas, stakeholders, safety, regulatory framework and public acceptance. The general concept of the project foresees case studies for five representative European regions benchmarking against the results from ongoing German industry projects. Each of these case studies will consider the competitiveness of hydrogen storage against other large scale energy storage concepts, the geologic potential for hydrogen storage in the region, and how to embed the hydrogen energy storage in the energy market. The perspective of the cases studies is potential business cases for each region and the development of an Implementation Plan at European scale.

Keywords: hydrogen storage,underground storage,salt caverns,large scale energy storage,seasonal energy storage,case studies,benchmarking,geological options for hydrogen storage,stakeholder awareness
Physical bottom Up Multiscale Modelling for Automotive PEMFC Innovative performance and Durability optimization (PUMA MIND)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: France,Germany,Italy,Spain,Germany,France,European organisations area,Canada,Spain,United Kingdom
Call:  (FCH-JU-2011-1, 2011)
Start date: 2012-12-17
End date: 2015-12-16
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4092629.69
EU funding (EUR): 2294106.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are complex nonlinear systems. In order to improve their durability, efficiency and to decrease the cost, time of development, design of new diagnostic tools is crucial. Powerful mathematical models of the dynamic behaviour of PEMFCs are necessary for the design and improvement of diagnostic tools. The project PUMA MIND will enhance the understanding of interaction, competitions and synergies among the mechanisms at multiple scales and lead to the development of robust dynamic macroscopic models for control-command purposes with predictive capabilities. The novel mathematical models developed by PUMA MIND will be tested by an experimental work, in order to ensure the applicability on commercial attainable components and catalysts. The most suitable catalysts for the MEA manufacturing technology will be used for these experiments. The implementation of the developed models on the mentioned above catalysts might allow a significant impact, and might also contribute to the most promising solutions based on current EU industrial available components. Operation conditions and control strategies to enhance the durability of automotive PEMFC will be derived on the basis of the multiscale modeling approach proposed by PUMA MIND.

Keywords: pemfc,durability,materials degradation,multiscale modeling,numerical simulation
Fully artificial photo-electrochemical device for low temperature hydrogen production (ARTIPHYCTION)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: Italy,France,Greece,Switzerland,Spain
Call:  (FCH-JU-2011-1, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3594580.5
EU funding (EUR): 2187039.8
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Leaves can split water into O2 and H2 at ambient conditions exploiting sun light. James Barber, one of the key players of ArtipHyction, elucidated Photosystem II (PSII), the enzyme that governs this process. In photosynthesis, H2 is used to reduce CO2 and give rise to the various organic compounds needed by the organisms or even oily compounds which can be used as fuels. However, a specific enzyme, hydrogenase, may lead to non-negligible H2 formation even within natural systems. Building on the pioneering work performed in a FET project based on natural enzymes (www.solhydromics.org) and the convergence of the work of the physics, materials scientists, chemical engineers and chemists involved in the project, an artificial device will be developed to convert sun energy into H2 with close to 10% efficiency by water splitting at ambient temperature, including: -) an electrode exposed to sunlight carrying a PSII-like chemical mimic deposited upon a suitable transparent electron-conductive porous electrode material (e.g. ITO, FTO) -) a membrane enabling transport of protons via a pulsated thin water gap -) an external wire for electron conduction between electrodes -) a cathode carrying an hydrogenase-enzyme mimic over a porous electron-conducting support in order to recombine protons and electrons into pure molecular hydrogen at the opposite side of the membrane. A tandem system of sensitizers will be developed at opposite sides of the membrane in order to capture light at different wavelengths so as to boost the electrons potential at the anode for water splitting purposes and to inject electrons at a sufficiently high potential for effective H2 evolution at the cathode. Along with this, the achievement of the highest transparence level of the membrane and the electrodes will be a clear focus of the R&D work. A proof of concept prototype of about 100 W (3 g/h H2 equivalent) will be assembled and tested by the end of the project for a projected lifetime of >10,000 h.

Keywords: solar energy,artificial photosynthesis,water-splitting,hydrogen production,tandem cell,transparent conducting oxides
Innovative autoMotive MEa Development – implementation of Iphe-genie Achievements Targeted at Excellence (IMMEDIATE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: Denmark,Czechia,France,Germany,China,Sweden,Germany,European organisations area,Switzerland
Call:  (FCH-JU-2011-1, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3685553.0
EU funding (EUR): 2087390.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The prime focus of IMMEDIATE is to develop high performing MEAs aimed for automotive applications through material R&D & process optimisation. The technical targets aimed in IMMEDIATE are addressing the JTI targets for automotive MEAs with respect to performance & cost. The proposed project is a continuation of the recently terminated and very successful FP6 R&D-project: IPHE-GENIE. The IMMEDIATE project approach is based on utilisation and further improvement of the materials and processes. Thus, the approach and the technical IMMEDIATE targets are as follows: -Development of a membrane with -A proton conductivity of at least 0.1 S/cm at 120ºC & 25% RH -Thermal stability up to 160ºC -Low dimensional changes (<10%, wet/dry) -Development of MEAs that show high performance [1 W/cm2 @ UCell=0.68V (hEl=55%)] at low Platinum loadings [ 0.15g Pt/kW] through: -Catalyst development and design -Ionomer and membrane optimisation -Electrode design -GDL optimisation -Process optimisation -Testing of the developed MEAs on single cell and on small stacks level at realistic automotive operating conditions i.e. T=120ºC, RH 25%, P=1.5bar, yet being able to start from -20°C -Application of automotive AST protocols to make a 5,000 h’s lifetime probable It is considered that especially the combination of these targets is both challenging and a significant step forward. The project is scheduled for 3 years. The Consortium is well balanced, with the following 9 partners complementing one another to achieve the project target goals: •A PEM MEA manufacturing company (IRD [SME]) - coordinator •A leading manufacturer of ion exchange polymers and membranes (FuMa) •A huge producer of specialised carbon and graphite (TC) •A huge GDL manufacturing company (SGL) •A leading supplier (OEM) of commercial transport solutions (Volvo) -4 R&D centres/universities, with more than 15 years’ experience working within PEM catalyst, ionomer, membrane & MEA development (ICPF, CNRS, SJTU & JRC)

Keywords: automotive pem mea,catayst r&d,gdl r&d,mpl r&d,pem membrane r&d,catalyst support r&d
Novel catalyst materials for the cathode side of MEAs suitable for transportation applications (CATHCAT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Collaborative project
Partnership: FCH (Art-185)
Countries involved: Germany,European organisations area,France,Denmark,Sweden,Italy,Greece,Belgium,United States
Call:  (FCH-JU-2011-1, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3088327.8
EU funding (EUR): 1895862.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Novel low temperature fuel cell (FC) cathode catalyst and support systems will be designed and synthesized. The focus will be on highly active catalyst materials for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) for transportation applications. These materials will be fully characterized, benchmarked and validated with a multi-scale bottom up approach in order to significantly reduce the amount of precious metal catalyst loadings (< 0.15 g/kW) and to vastly improve fuel cell efficiency and durability. Thereby, materials compatible and stable under automotive fuel cell environment and conditions will be investigated in order to reach a FC lifetime of 5000h. These targets are highly relevant to the call topic requesting ambitious, highly novel concepts for next generation European membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for transportation applications. Numerical simulations will be used in order to identify which alloy compositions to strive for in the experimental work. These alloys will be synthesized both in the form of well defined model compounds as well as in the form of nanoparticles. Different modified support materials will be studied. For the NPs, there will be two stages of preparation, the small scale preparation to create well defined NPs for preliminary assessment of their performance and stability, and, subsequently, up-scaling for MEA production. Supported NP catalysts and model catalysts will be tested using electrochemical methods and Surface Science approaches. After up-scaling MEAs based on improved cathode catalysts and improved supports will be assembled using advanced Nafion- based and high temperature membrane based electrolytes. These will be tested for performance and durability using procedures established in automotive industry and previous EU projects.

Keywords: cathode catalyst,dft,mea,binary alloys