Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
River Basin and Water Circulation in the Transition to an Urban-Industrial Society: the Po Drainage Basin, 1860-2000. (WATER AND TRANSITION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-16
End date: 2016-08-15
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261326.4
EU funding (EUR): 261326.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research proposed aims at retracing the historical transformation of river basins and water circulation in the urban-industrial age, by integrating social and environmental sciences. The empirical case study will be the Po river basin, which hosts one of the most developed urban-industrial region in the EU, and which is surprisingly lacking of a comprehensive historical reconstruction. I will fill that void, retracing the genealogy of the present condition by looking at the interplays of social and environmental processes over the last two centuries. I will achieve this goal by: 1. retracing the historical development of agricultural, urban, and industrial uses of Po basin water; as well as the main actors, projects, and phases of the transformation; 2. mapping the changing geographies of water metabolic circulation in the Po river basin, related to the historical transformation of water uses in the transition to the urban-industrial society; 3. studying the impact of the transformation in water uses and circulation on the river basin hydro-ecosystem, and the consequences of this on the various set of human activities over time; 4. identifying the most relevant characteristics that can qualify the transformation in water socio-ecological metabolism in the transition to the urban-industrial society. This research will provide a comprehensive historical account of the Po river basin transformation from an environmental point of view. It will also implement an interdisciplinary analytical framework on river systems transformations and metabolic exchanges with urban-industrial societies: a crucial issue for European research and policies. The project will be carried out in the US and in Austria, under the guidance of the leading scholars Craig E. Colten (LSU), Fridolin Krausmann (AAU-SEC) and Verena Winiwarter (AAU-ZUG), ensuring a high-profile international and interdisciplinary career development for the fellow.

Keywords: history,environmental history,historical geography,social and industrial ecology,urbanization,industrialization,water conservation and use,river systems,hydrology,sustainable resource use
The three-dimensional Magnetic Structure of solar Filaments and Prominences (MASFIPRO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Solar filaments are prominent cold and dense structures of plasma suspended in the hot corona. They are called prominences when observed above the solar limb. Despite they were probably the first solar features to be observed, the magnetic structure of solar filaments is still largely unknown, being their determination a fundamental problem for Solar Physics. The reason is the lack of chromospheric observables able to provide binding information for the magnetic field. Therefore, though there are two main proposed models, namely sheared-arcade and twisted flux-rope models, due to the lack of observational constraints it is unclear what is the filament most probable magnetic configuration. High-spatial resolution observations have revealed that filaments are also highly structured at very small scales. Remarkably, most solar filaments erupt, giving rise to coronal mass ejection. Thus, the understanding of solar filaments is also important for space-weather forecasting. To infer their magnetic structure it is crucial to observe the formation and evolution of solar filaments in the Photosphere and in the Chromosphere, in polarized light, and at the highest spatial resolution. We propose to observe solar filaments with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP-II) installed at the GREGOR ground-based 1.5-meter telescope in synchrony with the Hinode space-based observatory. I will use TIP-II to observe the 1083.0 nm spectral region containing a photospheric line and the chromospheric He I 1083.0 nm triplet. This line is sensitive to atomic level polarization and to the joint action of the Hanle and Zeeman effects. Thus, it is ideal for determining a wide range of field strengths in prominences. The data will be analyzed using state-of-the art inversion algorithms. Finally, Hinode will provide a wealth of binding information for the determination of the magnetic structure of solar filaments and also for identify possible trigger mechanism of filament eruption.

Keywords: p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology
The role of the bacterial symbiont Cardinum in shaping the ecology and evolution of an insect parasitoid wasp: fundamental studies and implications for biological control of plant pests. (SYMBIOCONTROL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-12
End date: 2016-09-11
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261627.6
EU funding (EUR): 261627.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Arthropods can be infected by facultative symbionts with diverse effects on host reproduction and fitness. Cytoplasmic reproductive incompatibility (CI) appears to be the most prevalent effect, and is caused by two unrelated bacteria: Wolbachia and the recently discovered Cardinium. Bacteria-induced CI is of special interest as it may play a role in reproductive isolation and speciation of insect hosts. Reproductive barriers can arise also by incompatibility due to hybridization (HI). Cardinium-induced CI occurs in the parasitoid wasp Encarsia pergandiella, a natural enemy of agricultural pests, and may have important implications for its use in biological control. Indeed, CI may lead to a suppression of population growth when populations with a different infection status interact. Nevertheless, understanding the role of heritable bacterial symbionts in the biology of natural enemies has not yet been widely recognized as a key research objective of biocontrol programmes. The project aims to: 1) evaluate the role of CI-inducing bacteria and genetic isolation mechanisms in reproductive isolation and competitive interactions of parasitoid populations; 2) evaluate how the introduction of a new biocontrol agent that is partially reproductively isolated (via CI or HI) from an established parasitoid population affects the biological control of a key agricultural pest. The project will use fundamental studies of CI and HI to develop quantitative models of population interactions, and then test model predictions in population cage and greenhouse studies. The data collected will be used to develop a conceptual model for biocontrol agents with different geographical ranges and reproductive incompatibilities in order to understand the consequences for biological control.

Keywords: entomology,evolutionary biology,applied biology,biological control,cytogenetics,molecular systematics,microbiology,population biology,animal reproduction,invasion,crop protection,insect symbiosis
Surface Characterisation and Modelling for Self-Cleaning Function (SCM4SCF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Human beings have long tried to learn from and mimic nature. A good example is the successful mimicry, by means of nanotechnology, of the ‘lotus leaf effect’ in many applications requiring self-cleaning from skyscrapers, machine tools’ work surfaces and even to clothes. Surface micro and nano-topography (finish, texture) obviously affects the performance of many engineered and natural systems. The proposed research is aimed at establishing functionally useful correlations between surface micro-geometry and mechanical and tribological properties. It specifically focuses to elucidate the effect of surface features on the local adhesion, friction, hardness and elastic modulus in terms of anti-adhesion and anti-contamination performances. The proposal will bring the joined expertise in both surface measurement and characterisation by Warwick Group and surface modelling by Dr Tian to achieve above ultimate objectives. We will first study the functional surfaces exhibited by engineered and natural systems for their anti-adhesion and anti-contamination performances. Numerical simulation and modelling will be carried out to generate such surfaces with controlled surface parameters, in order to study the effect of surface topography on the contact angle, adhesion and friction and nano-hardness, and the relationships between. Eventually, this will pave a way for scientists and engineers to design an ideal surface structure or topography for a specific function at a low cost. The research will provide benefits for the sponsor by publishing peer reviewed papers and establishing key enabling methodologies for characterisation and generation of such functional surfaces. The capability of the micro/nano surface measurement and metrology is of high benefit to both UK and European engineers and scientists.

Keywords: g312 mechanical and manufacturing engineering
Climate effects on the deep-sea ecosystem functioning of the Mediterranean Sea (CEFMED)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-19
End date: 2015-09-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 216952.8
EU funding (EUR): 216952.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Scientific evidence is now overwhelming that climate change is a serious threat to marine ecosystems requiring urgent global response. Warming trends in the atmosphere and in the upper ocean temperatures have occurred and have caused profound changes all over the globe. Recent evidences suggest that the structure and dynamics of deep-sea ecosystems can change radically and deep-sea ecosystem functioning may change in relation to biodiversity. The deep sea responds dynamically to environmental changes. Shifts in upper ocean temperature intensify stratification, reduce vertical mixing and can affect the variability in primary production and carbon export flux to the deep sea. However, while there are close linkages between benthic, pelagic and climatic processes, it is difficult to predict the impact of climate change on deep-sea benthic ecosystems. There is a need to understand how our oceans function, how they are changing and how they may be impacted by climate change so that appropriate management actions can be executed on European seas. The general aim of the present project is to provide a comprehensive insight about the link between climate induced change and deep-sea ecosystems, capitalising on existing research efforts at the Mediterranean Sea. The results of this project will provide the background knowledge for planning of future resource management and define the best strategies for sustainable use of deep-sea resources.

Keywords: deep sea,mediterranean sea,climate change,anthropogenic,poc fluxes,biodiversity,ecosystem functioning
3D Dark Matter and Stellar Mass Mapping of Wide Field Imaging Survey (3D-MAPS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project we are proposing here aims at building three-dimensional (3D) dark matter and stellar mass maps of the full Stripe82 area in a way similar to the 3D COSMOS maps, but in a redshift range from 0.2 to 0.6, and focusing on more massive cluster systems that are absent from the COSMOS survey due to its limited field of view. The ultimate goal is to use this 3D map to put strong constraints on cosmology. From the CFHT raw data, we can measure the galaxy shapes not only with existing techniques, but also with new competitive algorithms, which lead to some of the best results when applied to the synthetic data of the GREAT10 image processing challenge. It is now both timely and important to use these new tools on real data and to reconstruct the 2D shear field of intervening mass, projected along the line of sight. The 3D dark matter map, and hence its time-dependent growth, can be visualized by splitting the background source galaxies into discrete redshift bins. We can identify the largest mass clumps at different redshifts of Stripe82 from the 3D maps. Using the derived stellar masses by the NIR data from the VISTA/VIRCAM and CFHT/WIRACAM survey, we can compare it to the 3D dark matter map, as well as generate 3D dark matter and stellar mass maps of the whole Stripe82 area. Then, we will compare with the optical and SZ (and in the future X-ray) cluster catalogs. Furthermore, we will use stacked weak lensing technique to measure the dark matter profiles of massive structures. For stacking analysis, we will use cluster galaxy stellar mass as proxy, which allow us also to use the halo model formalism to model the stacked signal. All the above goals are made possible mostly due to the broad wavelength coverage of CS82 and to its huge field of view imaged in the optical at high spatial resolution. With this project, we will pave the way to constrain the cosmological models using the future survey such as DES, HSC, LSST and Euclid.

Keywords: cosmology,weak gravitational lensing,dark matter
Chromosome Packing in Plants (CPIP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168794.4
EU funding (EUR): 168794.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The three-dimensional organization of the genome in the nucleus is critical for many cellular processes. Hi-C is a newly developed, cutting edge method to analyze chromosome packing on a whole-genome scale using next-generation sequencing tools. Application of Hi-C to fungal and animal genomes has already revealed many new insights, providing a very high resolution picture of the nuclear arrangement of chromosomes. Given the different architecture of plant genomes, applying Hi-C to plants is very timely. Under the proposed project, Hi-C will be optimized for plant, and used to investigate the functional implications of chromosome packing in different genotypes and species. The first objective is to gain a comprehensive view of genome architecture in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and to compare it to that of other organisms. The second objective is to take the advantage of high-quality whole-genome assemblies of different strains of Arabidopsis thaliana as well as of close relative, to ascertain the impact of small- and large-scale structural variation on chromosome packing. These data will be integrated with functional studies, to determine cause and effect between chromosome packing and genome features such as local transcription and chromatin modification. The third and final aim is to study how quickly chromosome packing responds to stress adaptation, as a first step towards understanding the role of chromosome packing in dynamic events.

Keywords: l101 molecular biology and interactions,l201 genomics - comparative genomics - functional genomics,l213 systems biology,hi-c,chromosome packing,arabidopsis,structural variation
The Origins of the Roman Inquisition Reconsidered: the Diplomatic Career of Gian Pietro Carafa in England and Spain (1513-19) (CARAFAMCP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to re-examine the formative years of Gian Pietro Carafa’s (the future pope Paul IV, 1555-59); specifically his diplomatic missions to England and Spain in the 1510s. Its objective is to reconstruct the relations Carafa enjoyed with the sovereigns Henry VIII and Charles V and their courts and determine the importance of these experiences for his later political and religious choices. In fact, in the 1530s the English king drew Carafa into the troubled affair of his divorce from Catherine of Aragon, while Carafa continued to show an unflinching hostility to Charles V and his son Phillip II which led to the unsuccessful war he unleashed against the Spanish King during his pontificate. In addition, it was in Spain that Carafa became familiar with the workings of the Spanish inquisitorial tribunal. My research intends to find out whether this institution later served as a model for the foundation of the tribunal of the Roman Inquisition which Carafa used to further his programme of intransigent and repressive reform. The project will also dwell on the reception Carafa was given by humanist milieus in northern Europe, particularly by Erasmus with whom Carafa had a controversial relationship that began with his initial acceptance of the former’s Christian humanism and philological projects for the Scriptures and ended with the Opera omnia Erasmi being included on the Index of Prohibited Books under Paul IV’s own pontificate. From this perspective the project also plans to study Carafa’s private correspondence to gain an insight into his personality, one that was apt to change according to demands of political expediency. The study of these aspects will culminate in a historiographical analysis of the conceptual categories of the Catholic Reformation and Counter-Reformation to determine whether their existed within the Church of Rome a drive for repressive reform that had taken shape around the figure of Carafa long before the Council of Trent (1545-63).

Keywords: s408 historiography - theory and methods of history,renaissance,counter-reformation,roman inquisition,censorship,council of trent,erasmus,pope paul iv,king henry viii,emperor charles v.
Integrating the ecological and evolutionary consequences of phenological change in a wild mammal system (PHENOLOGICAL CHANGES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-11
End date: 2015-03-10
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In recent years an increasing number of studies have documented phenological responses to climate change in wild animals. However, while most studies have focussed on individual life history traits we know that natural selection acts on whole phenotypes and organismal impacts of environmental change are mediated by complex causal pathways among traits . Thus to understand the evolutionary and ecological consequences of environmental change we need multivariate modelling strategies that integrate across life-history, morphology, behaviour and physiology. This integration is essential to understand population level processes, and without it demographic predictions for wildlife management and conservation objectives will be flawed. The primary goal of the proposed research is to develop and apply such an integrative approach, quantifying the relationship between multivariate phenotypic selection and environmental parameters (e.g. spring temperature), and determining the consequences of environmental change for trait distributions, life history trade-offs and population dynamics. Using an exceptional long term dataset that spans more than 50 years of research on wild yellow bellied marmots, I will employ cutting-edge analytical methods to identify causal relationships among traits, decompose them into genetic and environmental components, and quantify their contributions to (genetic) variance in fitness. The project will be carried out in the group of Dr. Wilson (CEC, University of Exeter), where I will receive a thorough training in evolutionary quantitative genetics from one of the global leaders in this field. At the same time I will also bring new analytical skills and knowledge that directly benefit his research program, other scientists at the University of Exeter, and the wider European research community. This project should lead to strong publications and will serve to establish long-term collaborations between European and North-American researchers.

Keywords: l207 quantitative genetics,l801 ecology,l806 animal behaviour,l802 population biology - population dynamics - population genetics
New Catalytic Methods for the Synthesis of Peptides and Peptide Conjugates (CATALYTIC METHODS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project is centred around the discovery and development of fundamentally new ways to construct organic molecules in the most challenging of environments. Herein the exploitation of a completely innovative methodology for the synthesis of biologically important structural motifs is envisaged; this should take place in an aqueous environment under aerobic conditions catalysed by a metal promoter. This new concept is expected to have enormous potential and a significant impact on research in this area. The overall objective of the proposed research project should yield methodology capable of joining complex molecules to one another, while generating new derivatives potentially exhibiting diverse biological activities. Therefore, the compounds prepared in this project will be tested in particular for anti-cancer potency.

Keywords: c111 method development in chemistry,c112 catalysis,c114 chemical reactions,c141 organic chemistry