Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Rho proteins by mechanical forces in the vascular system (RHOMECHANOVASC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 32.0
Total project cost (EUR): 213108.3
EU funding (EUR): 213108.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

As molecular links between mechanosensors and the regulation of cellular processes Rho proteins have a critical position in mechanotransduction. Interestingly during cardiovascular disease (CVD) involving aberrant hemodynamic forces Rho proteins are activated. How do mechanical forces regulate Rho proteins? How do they contribute to the mechanical adaptation of the cell? And How is this mechanism altered during CVD? To answer these questions we have designed a proposal in two phases with interdisciplinary approaches including biochemical assays, three dimensional force microscopy (3DFM) and in vivo analysis. 1.Outgoing phase: To determine how mechanical forces activate Rho proteins and to evaluate the involvement of Rho proteins during the mechanical adaptation to force. We will identify the mechanism of Rho proteins activation using an innovative biochemical assay developed in the host lab and we will evaluate their involvement in mechanical adaptation of the cell using 3DFM. 2.Return phase: To evaluate the pathophysiological relevance of the mechanisms identified during the first phase. We will determine the cellular functions downstream of the regulators identified during phase 1 and we will investigate their activities in two animal models of altered hemodynamic forces by using the small animal physiology core facility available in the return host. The proposed project will yield new insights in different areas of life science from fundamental cell biology to potential identification of new therapeutic targets. First the anticipated results will contribute to better understand how the cells modify their mechanical properties in response to force. This crucial mechanism is central in many aspects of biology. We will also evaluate the modulation of Rho regulators in animal models of CVD; this will permit identification of new pharmacological targets for this public health problem.

Keywords: cell biology,physiology,rho,cardiovascular,mechanotransduction,hypertension,focal adhesion,smooth muscle cell,endothelial cell,reinforcement
GWAS, endophenotypes and gene environment interactions in eating disorders (GENG*EED)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-30
End date: 2012-07-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Eating disorders (EDs) are diseases predominantly affecting young women. The existing scheme for classifying these disorders is unsatisfactory and anomalous for both clinical practice and research. Research in the field of weight related disorders needs to examine the specificity of endophenotype (in most cases most of the criteria have only been met for AN). We will use an integrated multidisciplinary approach to identify genetic, behavioral and cultural underpinning of various endophenotpyes (phenotype and/or genotype) and the interplay between genetic and environmental factors through high quality, adaptive collaborations between various institutions in Europe and the United States. We hope that such an approach will refine our models of EDs so as to facilitate the development of innovative, and more targeted treatment strategies with improved outcomes. A structured dialogue will integrate ethical, social legal and wider issues, and disseminate through training of the applicant in the host institution (Institute of Psychiatry, King´s College London, UK). The purpose of the training is to develop the next generation of a highly skilled independent investigator in the field of EDs. The applicant will receive advanced training in disordered eating related research (from “cell to society”) along with intensive training focused on her chosen areas of interest (e.g., genetics, endophenotypes and gene environment interactions). The fellow will emerge with a rich, integrated understanding of both the phenotypic aspects of EDs, as well as new skills in genetics that she will then use to develop further collaborations across Europe. This will strengthen the ERA; improve the skills and mobility of the applicant and the expertise of clinicians, patients, carers and families.

Keywords: psychiatry,eating disorders,anorexia nervosa,bulimia nervosa,ednos,genes,gwas,environment,endophenotypes,gene*environment interaction
Temporal spiking precision underlying memory measured by neuronal recordings and photo-stimulation (TSPUMMNRPS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223578.1
EU funding (EUR): 223578.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The neural basis of memory is of key scientific and clinical importance, but it is yet unknown how memories are formed and maintained. While it generally agreed that multi-neuronal activity is required for information processing in the brain, the requisite temporal precision of spiking is unknown. During the outgoing phase, I will use the rat spatial memory model system to study this issue. Rats will run in one of two paths after a delay period of wheel-running during which the forthcoming path will have to be memorized for above-chance performance. Using high-resolution silicon probes I will monitor neuronal activity in a region related to short-term spatial memory, the hippocampus CA1 region, and in a main source of input to that region, the entorhinal cortex (EC). I will use photo-stimulation of neurons expressing the archeal cation channel ChR2 in either CA1 or EC to introduce temporal jitter in the spiking activity of the recorded neurons with minimal influence on net discharge. By correlating the temporal jitter during the delay with behavioral performance during the run I will determine the spiking precision required to maintain short-term spatial memory. During this post-doctoral training, I will learn large-scale recordings and analysis of neuronal population activity in the hippocampus in behaving animals. The returning phase of the project will be dedicated to the application of these techniques to the field of visual electrophysiology. I will build a chronic large-scale recording experimental set-up in the return laboratory, based on my acquired knowledge. With the help of the imported techniques, skills and knowledge I will investigate the role of the ascending tectofugal visual tract in occulo-motor processes both in pathological and physiological states, as a continuation of my doctoral work.

Keywords: neurophysiology,memory,rat,complex networks,channelrhodopsin activation,hippocampus-dependent behavior
Christian Communities in Early Islamic Egypt. The View from Inside (CHRISTIANSINEGYPT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-06
End date: 2013-04-05
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 215599.2
EU funding (EUR): 215599.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

When the Muslims conquered the millennia-old civilisation of Egypt in the mid-7th century, theirs was the last in a long line of foreign conquests. And yet, unlike their predecessor invaders, whose impact tended to be superficial, Egypt under the Muslims was transformed into a thorough-going Muslim and Arabic state – which it remains to this day. What accounts for the remarkable integrative power of Islamic culture? This project aims to understand the transformation of the Egyptian society between the 7th and 10th centuries from a Christian, Greek- and Coptic-speaking milieu into an Arabic-speaking Muslim polity. It does so by examining contemporary Christian documents, as they are preserved in Coptic, Greek and Arabic papyri – documents that have been largely overlooked – to understand this process from within, thereby avoiding the biases inherent in narrative sources written long after the event. Leiden has unparalleled resources in this field. During my stay there I will undertake a study of the Arabic sources and integrate the archaeological evidence. My research will focus on three key topics: fiscal policy, the evolution of monasticism, and linguistic change. Through the taxation system I hope to understand Muslim strategies of state organisation and social control. By looking at monasticism I will explore how fiscal and doctrinal pressures affected the institutional framework of Egyptian religious life. The supersession of Greek and Coptic by Arabic will be analysed to uncover links between religious conversion and linguistic change. Through this kind of multidisciplinary approach, studying languages and disciplines which have not traditionally been studied together, I plan to improve our understanding of Christian-Muslim interaction and cross-cultural negotiation. The model this project aims to produce will, I believe, offer significant insights into the mechanisms that underlie religious-cultural confrontation and exchange which are no less relevant today.

Keywords: papyrology,late antique and medieval egypt,christianity,islam,church history,monasticism,economic history,linguistics,onomastics,greek coptic and arabic texts
Dissecting Alzheimer’s disease at a single molecule level (SINGLEMOLALZHEIMER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164458.6
EU funding (EUR): 164458.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fibrillar deposits of proteins are the hallmark of amyloid diseases, amongst which Alzheimer’s disease stands out as the most widespread neurodegenerative pathology of the brain. Neuronal dysfunction is currently attributed to the interaction of A-beta oligomers with the plasma membrane. Several scenarios have been proposed, but the mechanisms of binding of the oligomers to the cell membrane and their subsequent toxicity is still unclear. The dependence of the proteolytic production of A-beta peptide on the distribution of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteases on the plasma membrane is also matter of debate.The discrepancies arising from the models proposed may be due to the fact that most of the current research on the molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease is based on averaged results obtained using bulk methods. In this case, many essential details can be missed. The goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of Alzheirmer’s disease by studying the dynamic features of this complex system at a single molecule level. In particular, the immediate aim will be to apply single molecule tracking techniques to characterize the mobility of A-beta oligomers on the plasmamembrane of living neuronal cells, especially with respect to synaptic structures and membrane rafts. In addition, I will study the surface mobility of the transmembrane proteins involved in A-beta production, namely APP, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-secretase. In the light of the influence of cholesterol on A-beta generation, my aim will be to study the dynamic response of these proteins to changes in cell cholesterol levels, and their location inside or outside lipid rafts. Overall, this project represents an innovative approach to understand the basic mechanisms underlying the development of Alzheirmer’s disease and to suggest new strategies for the cure of this pathological condition.
Crystal Engineering of Self-Assembled Diblock Copolymers with a Crystalline Core-Forming Block (CESADIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 240289.6
EU funding (EUR): 240289.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A series of complex, hierarchical micelle architectures such as block co-micelles have recently been prepared from crystalline-b-amorphous diblock copolymers using living, crystallization-driven polymerizations in solution. In this proposal the fundamental issues behind this novel process will be investigated. We propose to perform and interpret detailed experiments designed to allow us to understand the issues arising from the formation and behaviour of micelle architectures such as cylinders formed by diblock copolymers with a crystalline, core-forming polyferrocenylsilane block. The proposed studies of cylindrical micelles with a crystalline metallopolymer core will allow us to accumulate new fundamental knowledge in the field of polymer crystallization that can be used for predicting the behaviour of other crystalline blocks. For example, we will explore the extension to polylactide block copolymer materials. A variety of future applications in polymer and materials science and nanoscience are anticipated. This interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research proposal requires a wide range of skills and combines the expertise of the applicant (polymer crystallization and morphology) with that of the host laboratory (polymer chemistry, materials chemistry, and nanoscience). The proposed research will bring a promising young researcher to the UK for 2 years before his return to Taiwan.

Keywords: polymer science,crystallization,block copol
Natura 2000: a sociological study (N2SOC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172403.2
EU funding (EUR): 172403.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed Fellowship is designed to provide a promising post-doctoral sociologist specialising in the niche area of nature-society relations, the opportunity to pursue a period of training in the Nature-Society Research Group of the School of Geography at the University of Exeter in the UK. Under the supervision of an internationally renowned scholar in this field, and with further theoretical training, the Fellow would employ this 2 year period to develop and expand upon her highly commended PhD research into how Natura 2000 is experienced in Ireland. Through the addition of a new UK based case study and the re-visitation of Irish case studies, the Fellowship would allow comparative analysis with the UK experience and longitudinal analysis of the Irish situation from 2005 to 2011. The objectives of the research are threefold: (1) develop state-of-the-art sociological/geographic themes regarding nature-society relations, (2) to explore the socio-political dimensions of these findings and (3) to make recommendations for innovative models of nature conservation theory and practice, allowing the transfer of knowledge to other EU country contexts. The study will be multidisciplinary, drawing on insights from sociology and human geography and pulling these together with new thinking in ecology and natural resource management. The project is expected to advance the development of state-of-the-art nature-society theoretical frames within environmental sociology and human geography while contributing to the body of research literature regarding nature conservation conflicts and dilemmas. It will provide a grounded analysis of how Natura 2000 is experienced in two EU member states where nature conservation and rurality have very different socio-political connotations. Its practical findings will feed into the on-going implementation of this and other analogous initiatives and policies.

Keywords: social sciences
Engineering a bacterial toxin alpha-hemolysin with Vitamin B12: Single Molceule Catalysis in the alpha-hemolysin nanoreactor (NANOREACTOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2012-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173240.8
EU funding (EUR): 173240.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal describes a novel strategy for the embedding of vitamin B12 into a nano-sized protein reactor, in order to study the mechanism of reductive dechlorination reactions. This work will be the first study to observe catalysis in the alpha-hemolysin nanoreactor and will pave the way to the design of new biologically friendly catalysts for the degradation of harmful poly-chlorinated pollutants. In the experimental apparatus, preformed pores, (Staphyloccocal alpha-hemolysin) will be introduced into planar bilayers by adding small amounts of the pore protein to one chamber. Reactions are monitored by recording the modulation of the ionic current that flows through an individual pore at a fixed applied potential in millisecond time scale. The observation of catalysis in the engineered pores is our aim to provide new opportunities to examine mechanistic steps that might be missed in ensemble measurements by known techniques. We propose to insert super reduced vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) into alpha-hemolysin pore under anaerobic conditions. This will yield a functional nanoreactor, which can be considered as a biosensor, to detect very small amounts of contamination of chlorinated waste molecules in the environment, as well as serve as a platform for single molecule studies. These experiments will shed light into the proposed reaction mechanism on reductive dechlorination of poly-chlorinated ethenes at a molecular level of detail. Understanding the steps of the carcinogenic vinyl chloride; VC formation will provide the knowledge to construct environmental friendly, “cell free” catalysts to prevent the accumulation of these carcinogens in the environment.

Keywords: alpha-hemolysin,vitamin b12,nanoreator,reductive dechlorination,poly-chlorinated pollutants,cobalamin
The Rise and Fall of Textbook Science: Technoscientific and Pedagogical Expertise in the Making of Physics in Europe (1802-1902) (EUROTEXTBOOKSCIENCE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158945.6
EU funding (EUR): 158945.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project is a history of the making of physics as a discipline in Europe, built upon a multidisciplinary and cross-national analysis of the status of the physics textbook in education and research. The project spans the period between the pioneering establishment of secondary education in France (1802), and the simultaneous implementation of major educational reforms in France, Britain and Spain (1902), with repercussions lasting to the present day. Current knowledge suggests that textbooks had a major role in the establishment of science education, and the making of disciplines such as physics. However, their status and characteristics changed over time, in tune with dramatic changes in pedagogical and research practices. This project addresses this question through an approach which is innovative on four major grounds: a) Internationality, b) Interdisciplinary approach, c) Textbook and Pedagogy focus, d) Attention to the Material Culture of science and education. By means of six case-studies focused on the work of six major teachers and textbook authors, this project studies the production, distribution and use of physics textbooks and their changing status, through four combined aims: Mapping the pedagogical cultures of physics, and establishing the role of textbooks, the book trade and instrument making, respectively, in the making of physics as a discipline in Europe. Through synchronic and diachronic analysis, this project seeks to yield strong results in global perspective. Its objectives are to produce: 1) A new history of the emergence of physics in Europe based on an original approach and innovative focus. 2) A major contribution to the boost of the study of science pedagogy within history of science, history of education and book history, through the publication of a monograph on &quot;Writing the History of Nineteenth-Century Science Education&quot;. 3) A strong historical case able to inform reflection on the design of current science &amp; education policy.

Keywords: history of science,science education,history of technology,social history