Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Fracton as windows to topology, interaction and constraints in Emerging Phases of Matter (fracton)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to study a novel class of quantum phases of matter -- so-called `Fracton' phase of matter, whose quasiparticle excitations, known as sub-dimensional particles, have restricted mobility or kinetic motions. Fracton phases emerge from a rich interplay of correlations, symmetry, topology, and dynamics in strongly interacting many-body systems. These exotic phases extend and challenge our existing notions of topological order and have attracted broad interdisciplinary interest including topological physics, quantum field theory, gravity, quantum information, and elasticity theory. This proposal aims to build an effective field theory framework to classify, characterize, simulate, and detect distinct fracton phases and search for potential application of fracton for quantum memory and quantum computing both at equilibrium and in dynamical processes. We will apply a multidisciplinary approach combining the latest advances in quantum field theory, quantum information, and condensed matter to design new characterization tools to reveal exotic features of fracton dynamics, explore the microscopic realization of fracton physics and seek new experimental fingerprints to probe these phases. Our research will gravitate around the important question of how dynamical constraints and higher-moment conservation law can engender new types of quantum matter or critical points, and how constraint motion of the quasiparticle can engender robust information storage at intermediate time-scales in quantum many-body systems. We expect the research outcome can expand our understanding of new types of quantum phenomena with constraint dynamics, and shed light for investigating how strong interactions can potentially help identify promising platforms for quantum information storage and processing.

Keywords: fracton,topological order,fractionalization,strongly correlated system,emergent gauge theory,quantum entanglement,thermalization
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex glycans to decipher the interactions between them and Influenza A virus (CARBOFLU)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177598.8
EU funding (EUR): 177598.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Influenza A virus has two major envelope glycoproteins: HA and neuraminidase (NA). HA binds to sialic acid moieties of glycoconjugates of the host respiratory cells to initiate infection, whereas NA facilitates the release of progeny viruses from infected cells by cleaving sialosides. It is well documented that binding preference is a major determinant of influenza virus host range and avian viruses preferentially bind Neu5Acα(2,3)Gal, whereas human viruses bind Neu5Acα(2,6)Gal. This difference in specificity represents a barrier for transmission of avian viruses into humans. Glycan arrays have been used to assess influenza A virus receptor specificity. However, the currently available glycan arrays contain only a fraction of the glycans found on human airway epithelial cells and cannot uncover glycan binding specificities. Thus, we propose to develop an array that contains glycans representative of the structures found in human airways, since it is a priority in order to understand the biology of influenza virus transmission and pathogenesis. In addition, it has been described that there are two pathways by which influenza virus enters cells. It is believed that some N-glycans serve as attachment factors for concentrating virus particles on the surface of the host cells. However, only specific cell surface proteins modified by appropriate N-glycans can facilitate cell entry. The elucidation of the influenza virus receptor structure will unveil the mechanism at molecular level by which virus enters the cell. To this end, we will develop an experiment, which allows us to identify glycoprotein receptors of flu virus using cell surface glycan editing. The full comprehension of multi-branched glycans, along with the identification of the glycoproteins receptors of influenza virus, will allow the development of new and more efficient glycan-based therapeutics.

Keywords: carbohydrate,glycosylation,enzymatic synthesis,influenza,glycan microarrays,glycan binding studies,recognition process,virus,protein structure elucidation,protein expression,eznyme kinetics
Advance Laminar Flow Control with Variable Porosity (ALVAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands
Call: Verification of advanced simplified HLFC concept with variable porosity (H2020-CS2-CFP10-2019-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-08-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 22.0
Total project cost (EUR): 794125.0
EU funding (EUR): 794125.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Laminar Flow Control by means of a suction system appears to be one of the most promising technologies to significantly reduce the pollutant emission of modern large transport aircraft through drag reduction. The consortium, composed of a renowned University (TUBS) and world leading wind tunnel provider DNW, will perform high-quality large-scale wind tunnel tests with a full-scale vertical tail plane equipped with a hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC) system, which is based on the tailored skin single duct (TSSD) concept. The DNW-LLF is one of the world’s largest low speed facilities and offers unique capabilities for wind tunnel tests with large scale models at representative flow conditions. The framework provided for by ALVAR includes state-of-the-art data acquisition, aerodynamic data, lift, drag, static pressure distributions, transition location with infrared and hot films, and the extremely high flow quality of the LLF 8x6 m test section configuration. One of the root problems in wind tunnel tests with hybrid laminar flow control is that it is technically unfeasible to actually measure the local suction flow rate over individual surface areas, but only the overall suction flow rate including a number of additional values, such as pressures at certain locations, is feasible. However, the local flow rate can be post processed based on a complex measurement chain, employing data mappings (e.g. calibration of the suction skin) and interpolation/extrapolation schemes. This makes the local flow rate prone to the propagation of uncertainties and errors. ALVAR will therefore provide a scientific analysis of the whole measurement chain to establish a precise uncertainty of the local flow rate. Based on this, and through analysis, the design, optimization and implementation of the main mass flow meter including a proven pumping system to provide stable suction rates a comprehensive quantification of boundary layer suction will be performed by ALVAR.

Keywords: hybrid laminar flow control skin single duct flight tests aircraft
Risk Governance of Nanotechnology (RiskGONE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Advanced materials
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Iran, Islamic Republic of,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Ireland,Cyprus,Belgium,Norway,Belgium,Greece,Croatia,Bulgaria,Poland,Norway,France,Netherlands,United States,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Luxembourg,Portugal
Call: Risk Governance of nanotechnology (RIA) (H2020-NMBP-TO-IND-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4999979.94
EU funding (EUR): 4999979.9399999995
Participants: 25
Project status: SIGNED

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are covered by REACH/CLP regulations; the general opinion is that the risk assessment (RA) approach routinely used for conventional chemicals is also applicable to ENMs. However, as acknowledged by OECD and ECHA, the OECD and ISO Test Guidelines (TGs) and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) need to be verified and adapted to be applicable to ENMs. RiskGONE will support the standardization and validation process for ENM by evaluating, optimizing and pre-validating SOPs and TGs and integrating them into a framework for risk governance (RG) of ENMs. The framework will comprise modular tools and will rely heavily on current strategies for the RA of conventional chemicals, complemented by methods for estimating environmental, social and economic benefits. It will incorporate ethical aspects and societal risk perception and will manage acceptable and unacceptable risks through transfer or mitigation. The focus of RiskGONE will be to produce nano-specific draft guidance documents for application to ENM RA; or, alternatively, to suggest ameliorations to OECD, ECHA, and ISO/CEN SOPs or guidelines. Rather than producing assays and methods ex novo, this will be achieved through Round Robin exercises and multimodal testing of OECD TGs and ECHA methods supporting the “Malta-project”, and on methods not yet considered by OECD. This process will be accelerated by guidance documents for data storage/curation/accessibility optimisation, applied to well-characterized reference ENMs typifying the main physicochemical and toxicological features of ENMs. The conditions for a transparent and self-sustained organisational form for science-based RG, representing EU stakeholders, member states, industry and civil society, will be established. The RG framework and methods developed by RiskGONE will be transferred to the organisational form for RG.

Keywords: risk assessment,nano governance,test guideline,risk governance council,human health,characterization,eco toxicology,social and economic impact,modelling,ethical assessment
High-Q filter banks enabling unprecedented selective and high-sensitivity radiometers for environmental sensing (TERAFILT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Call for proposals for ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2020-PoC, 2020)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project proposes a new architecture of sub-terahertz (THz) radiometers, which, for the first time, allows to combine high frequency selectivity, high sensitivity and high compactness, intended to be used in Earth-observation environmental sensing applications. There exists two radiometer detector types: 1) direct-detectors have best-possible sensitivity, but poor frequency selectivity, even when equipped with superconductive filters which require bulky and energy-demanding cryogenic cooling systems; 2) heterodyne-receivers, which are compact and have excellent frequency selectivity, but have inherently inferior signal-to-noise ratio. The PI, in his ERC CoG, has developed a new terahertz technology enabled by silicon micromachining, and has demonstrated world-record breaking narrow-band filters at sub-THz frequencies (Q=800 at 450 GHz, 1600 at 150 GHz), which, even at room temperature, are superior in performance to state-of-the-art THz filters requiring cryogenic cooling. Furthermore, he has developed a micromachined waveguide switch technology with unprecedented on/off ratio (insertion loss of 0.6 dB, isolation of 50 dB at 220 GHz). These results will be combined for the first time to a new direct-detector based radiometer architecture, enabled by a proposed micromachined switched-filter bank. Such a compact and high-performance radiometer can even be utilized in CubeSat high-density weather-satellite constellations, which are predicted to replace current weather satellites and enable a weather update every 15 minutes as opposed to several hours, which is required for dynamic monitoring for instance the development of severe storms. A proof-of-concept demonstrator for measuring the 183 GHz water line, capable of resolving sub-spectral lines at highest-possible sensitivity, will be implemented and tested in academic and space-industry environment, and appropriate innovation management and exploitation measures are taken in the project.

Keywords: terahertz science and technology,microsystems,micromachining,micro electromechanical systems,radiometers,environmental sensing,filters,microwave engineering,waveguides
Persistent and Transportable Hyperpolarization for Magnetic Resonance (HP4all)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Panel description: Analytical chemistry, chemical theory, physical chemistry/chemical physics
Countries involved: France,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1995000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1995000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and are two well-established powerful and versatile tools that are extensively used in many fields of research, in clinics and in industry. Despite considerable efforts involving highly sophisticated instrumentation, these techniques suffer from low sensitivity, which keeps many of today’s most interesting problems in modern analytical sciences below the limits of MR detection. Hyperpolarization (HP) in principle provides a solution to this limitation. We have recently pioneered breakthrough approaches using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) for preparing nuclear spins in highly aligned states, and therefore boosting sensitivity in several proof-of-concept reports on model systems. The proposed project aims to leverage these new advances through a series of new concepts i) to generate the highest possible hyperpolarization that can be transported in a persistent state, and ii) to demonstrate their use in magnetic resonance experiments with > 10’000 fold sensitivity enhancements, with the potential of revolutionizing the fields of MRI and NMR. By physically separating the source of polarization from the substrate at a microscopic level, we will achieve polarized samples with lifetimes of days that can be stored and transported over long distances to MRI centers, hospitals and NMR laboratories. Notable applications in the fields of drug discovery, metabolomics and real-time metabolic imaging in living animals will be demonstrated. These goals require a leap forward with respect to today’s protocols, and we propose to achieve this through a combination of innovative sample formulations, new NMR methodology and advanced instrumentation. This project will yield to a broadly applicable method revolutionizing analytical chemistry, drug discovery and medical diagnostics, and thereby will provide a powerful tool to solve challenges at the forefront of molecular and chemical sciences today.

Keywords: nuclear magnetic resonance nmr,magnetic resonance imaging mri,hyperpolarization,dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization
Visual genetics: establishment of a new discipline to visualize neuronal nuclear functions in real-time in intact nervous system by 4D Raman spectroscopy (NEURAM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Hungary,Hungary,United Kingdom
Call: FET-Open research projects (H2020-FETOPEN-2014-2015-RIA, 2015)
Start date: 2016-10-01
End date: 2022-11-30
Duration (months): 74.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4271481.25
EU funding (EUR): 4271481.25
Participants: 5
Project status: SIGNED

Due to technical constraints the observation and analysis of endogenous transcriptional processes in living and functioning organisms is not feasible today. Therefore our understanding of the nuclear processes and the options to diagnose or intervene at genetic level is seriously constrained. Our proposal offers a cutting-edge technique to overcome this limitation. The aim is to visualize nuclear processes in intact brain in real-time leading to a new high-tech product development, prototype scientific equipment at the research institutes and in the long run new tools to study and cure human diseases. The main objectives are to: 1) develop Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (SRS)-based technologies to visualize endogenous transcription at single cell and single locus gene level; 2) develop tools for loading alkyne-tagged nucleosides and nucleotide analogues into cells; 3) distinguish various cells including neuron types without labelling by SRS; 4) track transcription processes in intact cells with high temporal and spatial resolution; 5) develop and commercialise a 4D-SRS microscope for broad range of applications. The combination of label-free neuron mapping and visualization of nuclear activity at single locus gene level provides a new level of information of the structural and functional organization of the organism. The genetic basis of most of the diseases is still unknown. Widening genetic knowledge of diseases will offer as yet unknown therapeutic possibilities. Understanding the neural processes at the genetic level offer the possibility to intervene at that deep level, targeting not only the symptoms but the cause. The proposed novel technology provides new insight to understand for example neural networks and is a key to understand and treat for example nervous system dysfunctions. The 4D-SRS systems can be utilized for other medical-based research and development projects aimed at early stage disease diagnosis, cancer detection, and toxicity studies.

Keywords: raman spectrocsopy
Exploring the evolution of wild microbes using a molecular genomic approach (WildE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2024-03-21
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

During the last two decades, there has been a huge increase in our knowledge of microbial diversity, phylogeny and genomics. However, we have limited knowledge on microbial population genetics and microevolution of wild microbes. Knowing the rate of evolution of wild microbes in the natural environment is crucial if we are to understand and predict how ecologically important marine microbes will cope as the oceans continue to change under global climate change. Laboratory experiment have been been useful for exploring the mechanisms of evolution in microbes. Yet, as a consequence of complex and variable biotic and abiotic interactions, the evolutionary process in ecosystems may be substantially different from what has been observed in lab experiments featuring relatively constant and simple environments. The next step to increase our understanding of microbial evolution is to investigate evolution of wild microbes in the natural environment. WildE aims to quantify the rate of evolution in wild marine microbes, using metagenomic time-series data (monthly samples over 7 years: 2009-2015). In addition, WildE will quantify the rate of evolution in natural assemblages of marine microbes, under selection pressure (elevated temperature) and measure how environmental selection changes population structure using an enclosed mesocosm experiment. Using both field investigations and mesocosm experiments will strengthen our understanding of evolutionary dynamics of wild populations. Exploring wild microbes will most likely reveal novel evolutionary patterns emerging as a consequence of ecosystem complexity, providing hints on the impact of horizontal gene transfer, recombination and viral infections on the genome composition of different species. The data produced here will be of interest to both scientists and policy makers and will increase our understanding of how ecologically important marine microbes will respond to future global change.

Keywords: marine microbial community,picoeukaryotes,prokaryotes,evolution,mesocosm,metagenomics,metabarcoding,high throughput sequencing,metagenome assembled genomes mags