Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
WORDS: Asymmetry, change and processing in phonological mental representation (WORDS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100407, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2367789.0
EU funding (EUR): 2367789.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the most general terms, the novel objective of the proposed project is to investigate the abstract nature of the mental phonological representations of words which is claimed to govern the (i) time-course of on-line word-recognition and (ii) the temporal dimension of historical development. The project will pursue four research questions, where the answers to each call for a dialogue between a variety of disciplines: A. WHAT is the nature and phonological structure of mental representations of WORDS and HOW are they constrained? B. HOW are these representations processed and accessed in the course of everyday communication? C. HOW and WHY do representations change, while sometimes tenaciously remaining constant over time? D. CAN the hypotheses and predictions about mental representations be computationally modelled? The PI complements her strong linguistics research profile with her forte in psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics. The hypothesis we will test is that the abstract representation of words in the adult brain, which handles asymmetric phonological variation in speech and is measurable by reaction time and brain-imaging techniques, is also reflected in the development of words as indicated by historical data from manuscripts.

Keywords: phonology,morphology,mental lexicon,underspecification,computational modeling
Slow processes in close-to-equilibrium conditions for radionuclides in water/solid systems of relevance to nuclear waste management (SKIN)

Framework: FP7 — Euratom
Programme: Nuclear fission and radiation protection
Theme: Radioactive waste management
Destination: Management of Ultimate Radioactive Waste
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Germany,Germany,Sweden,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,United Kingdom,China
Call:  (FP7-Fission-2010, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2004728.0
EU funding (EUR): 1171470.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Solid/liquid chemical equilibrium hypotheses (sorption, solubility, solid-solution formation) are key concepts in the assessment of nuclear waste safety. For radionuclides at trace concentrations this corresponds to constant solution concentrations, or solid/liquid distribution ratios, if environmental conditions remain constant. However, these concepts do not account for irreversible incorporation of radionuclides in the solid phases. Indeed, there is often a gradual and very slow transition from simple adsorption processes to incorporation of trace elements in the surface structure of solid phases. For certain tetravalent actinides apparent solubility equilibrium applies to only the surface without bulk phase equilibrium. This can lead to very large uncertainty in solubility values and derived thermodynamic constants. Equilibrium concepts are characterized by a dynamic state of equal forward and backward reaction rates, under conditions where phase compositions remain constant. Most of the problems arise from a lack of understanding of the dynamics of slow processes close to equilibrium, specifically in the coupling of sorption with other surface equilibrium reactions such as dissolution/precipitation, recrystallisation, isotopic exchange and with the bulk phase equilibrium. The project intends to assess the effect of surface properties on apparent solubility as well as the kinetics of incorporation of radionuclides in the structure of a solid phase, and the associated reaction mechanisms for various solids in a systematic manner, using isotope exchange under close-to-equilibrium conditions. The project results will impact strongly (1) the use/misuse of solubility data for thermodynamics; (2) the understanding of affinity/rate relations close to equilibrium; (3) the inclusion of irreversibility in models on the long-term mobility of radionuclides; and (4) the coupling of radionuclide chemistry with main element chemistry in the repository environment.

Keywords: solubility,sorption,thermodynamics solid solutions,radionuclide migration,incorporation
Digital Archive for the Study of pre-Islamic Arabian Inscriptions (DASI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100407, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2129200.0
EU funding (EUR): 2129200.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In the Arabian peninsula, before the advent of Islam some distinctive civilizations flourished with a remarkable cultural level and left behind an important epigraphic and artistic wealth in terms of quality and interest. The history of these cultures is known almost exclusively by epigraphic material. In fact, the majority of texts that the inhabitants of Arabia have left us are the inscriptions that are found in their tens of thousands all over the lands. However, the inscriptions of pre-Islamic Arabia are only relatively known and often difficult to interpret, and scholars are obliged to draw on resources which are outdated or overly narrow in scope. On the basis of these considerations, DASI would like to apply the modern computer technology to the study of pre-Islamic inscriptions. The main objective of DASI is to improve and enrich the existing CSAI project (Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions: http://csai.humnet.unipi.it) in terms of methodology and contents creating a digital archive of the whole corpus of pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions. This archive is intended to become the virtual place where all the existing inscriptions from Arabia are gathered and can be managed, consulted and studied: the virtual ambient will collect the inscriptions that are physically located in different, faraway places such as archaeological sites in Arabia, as well as museums or private collections all over the world, but it will also document inscriptions by now physically lost and known only thorough previous publications. By actually cataloguing and studying these texts, the aim of DASI is to achieve a better overall perception and knowledge of the epigraphic heritage of pre-Islamic Arabia - yet a very young field - and consequently of its languages and cultures.

Keywords: pre-islamic arabia,inscriptions,digital humanities
COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE: Political economy of Green Paradoxes (GP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100407, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2743548.0
EU funding (EUR): 2743548.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Green Paradoxes are defined as the phenomenon that climate change policies can have counterproductive effects. For example, a subsidy on clean energy from renewable resources (solar, wind) will decrease the price at which this energy is supplied. But if the price still exceeds the cost of fossil fuel extraction and given that available stocks will be depleted, the price decrease will speed up the extraction from non-renewable resources, such as oil, that cause CO2 emissions. Hence, instead of delaying extraction the policy enhances initial extraction and emissions. In the design of environmental policy this effect is insufficiently taken into account, because the supply side of the market for fossil fuels is largely neglected. The principal aim of this research proposal is to critically investigate Green Paradoxes and to come up with sound policy recommendations, taking into account the demand as well as the supply dimension of fossil fuels. Particular attention is paid to a broad and dynamic welfare analysis, allowing for concerns regarding sustainability. Especially relevant for tackling the research question is to provide a closer examination of imperfect competition on the oil market and to distinguish between dirty and clean alternatives for fossil fuel. In addition the proposal is to study the political economy of climate change policy to come up with proposals that not only muster global support but also address the adverse distributional aspects of climate change itself on developing economies and on the poorest of advanced economies who get hardest hit by green taxes. This requires not only the tools of modern political economy, but also the realms of second-best economics and the latest developments in public finance.

Keywords: climate change,green paradox,backstops,sustainability,innovation
Landscape and Identities: the case of the English Landscape 1500 BC- Ad1086 (ENGLAID)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The study of the human past
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100407, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 65.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2059935.0
EU funding (EUR): 2059935.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The five-year EngLaId project will look at the long-term history of the English landscape from 1500 BC to AD 1086, combining evidence on landscape features, such as track-ways,fields and settlements, with the distribution of metalwork. The project aims to understand how people built relations with each other and broader cosmological forces from the start of the settled landscape to the early Medieval world. The project will combine a mass of digital data on landscapes and artefacts to uncover both continuity and change over 2500 years throwing a new light on the nature of pre-modern communities, contributing method and theory which can have model value in other areas of Europe.

Keywords: long-term history,community,identity,landscape,artefact,ontology,website
Dissemination of performance testing methods for ICT-based safety functions in road vehicles (ACTIVETEST)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: ICT for mobility, environmental sustainability and energy efficiency
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Sweden,Germany,Spain
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-6, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-01-31
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 690194.0
EU funding (EUR): 520000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The development of road vehicles during the past decade has led to vehicles with improved passive safety. Systems of airbags, seat belts and protective structures have increased safety for the drivers, passengers and lately also pedestrians. Testing programmes for assessment of these passive safety measures have been established. ICT-based safety functions (“active safety”) such as electronic stability control (ESC) and lane departure warning (LDW) have been introduced. The largest future improvements of road safety are expected to rely on such safety functions with the aim to prevent accidents from happening. The ICT-based functions are under rapid development and there is presently no generally accepted assessment programme in place. Several research and development initiatives are currently running both on European and national level within the member states of the European Union. Examples of European research projects are the eVALUE project and the ASSESS project . There are also ongoing initiatives within EuroNCAP on an assessment programme for ICT-based safety. The greening of the transport system will result in lighter road vehicles, which will emphasize the requirement for ICT-based safety functions to prevent vehicles from crashing. User awareness has to be raised on the benefits on ICT-based safety functions. The ActiveTest initiative has the objective to disseminate performance testing methods for ICT-based safety functions in road vehicles by: demonstrating performance testing of ICT-based safety functions, disseminating the test programme developed in the eVALUE research project, establishing an active dialogue with key stakeholder groups, compiling an overview of the state-of-the-art and an outlook for future research need, contacting standardisation organisations for road vehicles with research results and creating awareness of the need of standardised performance testing of ICT-based safety functions.

Keywords: active safety,dissemination,testing methods,road vehicles
Functional prognosis simulation of patient-specific spinal treatment for clinical use (MYSPINE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Towards sustainable and personalised healthcare
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Netherlands,Austria,France,Hungary,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-6, 2009)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3935335.0
EU funding (EUR): 3038000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Treatment and prognosis of spinal disc degeneration are still based on trial and error clinical decisions from the surgeon leading to numerous post treatment complications and eventual morbidity. A rational engineering approach based on advanced ICT and patient-specific predictive systems to treat various spinal pathologies needs to be developed to guide clinicians and improve long-term clinical outcomes. In silico virtual assessment of the evolution of treatments for patient-specific lumbar spine geometries, tissue properties, and loading histories is the cornerstone of such predictive system. Focus must be made on functional patient-specific models that have mechanobiological predictive capabilities. The objective of My SPINE is to adapt and integrate existing generic finite element (FE) models and use them as ICT tools in a clinical setting. The predictive system will consist in a set of specialized computing platforms. A geometrical and mechanical patient-specific model will be built, involving specialized processes such as image segmentation and analysis, mesh morphing, FE simulations, and optimizations. Based on the analysis of each integrated biomechanical and mechanobiological model, results will be evaluated in a probabilistic way, helping clinician to safely assess the risks and benefits of each simulated treatment. The main outputs of the project are the creation of a prototype computing platform with a graphical user interface for clinical settings and a patient-specific database of the lumbar spine. This interface will give clinicians the ability to virtually explore patient-specific treatment outcomes of disc degeneration, from short-term biomechanical ending to long-term mechanobiological tissue evolution. The project will impact ehealth by bringing new engineering rationale in the clinical decision-process. Impact is thus directly linked to ICT companies for clinical software development and hospital for the development of new clinical protocols.

Keywords: multiscale,spine,disc degeneration,modelling,vph,patient-specific,ehealth
Detection of Watercourse Contamination in Developing Countries using Sensor Networks - Enlarged (GOLDFISH - ENLARGED)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Horizontal support actions
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Poland,Sweden,France,Colombia,Bolivia, Plurinational State of,Austria,Viet Nam,France,Croatia,Slovakia
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-6, 2009)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2638667.0
EU funding (EUR): 2042968.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

Preserving unpolluted ecosystems is of vital importance to the whole world. Rivers play an important role in the ecosystem preservation as, if they not protected, this will contribute to spreading contamination in the surrounding areas. Tracking of contamination in watercourses requires a system that persistently monitors the presence of specific chemical agents in the water. Deployment of such systems, being relatively easy in urbanized areas, remains a great challenge in remote unpopulated areas without infrastructure. With this motivation, GOLDFISH is focused on investigating technological means for tracking pollution in remote rivers using sensor network technology. As the ecosystems of the Amazon jungle and the Andean mountains are of utmost global importance, rivers in these areas have been chosen for testing and pilot deployment of the GOLDFISH system. The GOLDFISH project will employ European ICT research capabilities for designing, development, testing and piloting of a system that aids localization of pollution in watercourses. GOLDFISH will make sure that its target solution will provide an affordable, technologically efficient, and easy to deploy and operate ICT system. More particularly, the core of the GOLDFISH solution will consist of a sensor network, management and data processing system. The sensor network is composed of sensor clusters and gateways. A sensors cluster will be located under water in a watercourse and it will be composed of: a set of chemical sensors, a processing unit and an antenna assembled in one waterproof structure. All the measurement results gathered via chemical sensors is transmitted to the gateways and further, via satellite communication links, to the central Monitoring and Management Station (MMS). MMS will process the data as they are being received in order to immediately detect conditions that indicate the presence of contaminating substances in water. The GODLFISH system will be designed and produced by the EU partners of the GOLDFISH consortium, including three universities and two SMEs, using EU research and technological (hardware and software) know-how and EU-manufactured equipment such as chemical sensors, signal interfaces, network processing units, transceivers, antennas, gateways, etc. The ICT system will be tested in Europe and Latin America.

Keywords: cocaine,sensor networks,chemical sensors
Digital Environment for Cultural Interfaces; Promoting Heritage, Education and Research (DECIPHER)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Digital libraries and content
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Ireland,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Czechia,Italy
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-6, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4121907.0
EU funding (EUR): 3104687.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Digital heritage and semantic web technologies hold out the promise of nearly unlimited access to cultural knowledge. The problem is that cultural meaning does not reside in individual objects but in the patterns of knowledge and events, belief and thought that link them to each other and to the observer. This is why story is so important to the communication of, and meaningful understanding of culture. DECIPHER is developing new solutions to the whole range of narrative construction, knowledge visualisation and display problems. It will change the way people access digital heritage by combining much richer, event-based metadata with causal reasoning models. This will result in a reasoning engine, virtual environment and interfaces that can help curators and visitors to present digital heritage objects as part of a coherent narrative that is directly related to the user’s interests. This will allow the user to interactively assemble, visualise and explore, not just collections of objects, but the knowledge structures that connect and give them meaning. The partners bring together great skills and experience in the technical fields required by the project, with the authorial and curatorial authority of national institutions, the innovative impetus of a technology-based SME, and the drive to market of a large company that combines heritage and media interests.

Keywords: narrative interfaces,events reasoning,metadata extraction
Modelling and simulation environment for systems medicine (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -COPD- as a use case) (SYNERGY-COPD)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Towards sustainable and personalised healthcare
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Sweden,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Hungary
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-6, 2009)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4572502.0
EU funding (EUR): 3494000.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Synergy will develop a simulation environment and a decision-support system aiming at enabling deployment of systems medicine. The three core elements are a knowledge base (KB), an inference engine (IE), and a graphical visualisation environment (GVE). The project focuses on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The KB will include five well established physiological models addressing: 1) Central and peripheral O2 transport and utilization, 2) Pulmonary gas exchange, 3) Regional-lung heterogeneities in ventilation and perfusion, 4) Skeletal muscle bioenergetics, and 5) Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. These models will be written in systems biology markup language (SBML) and vertically integrated. Ontologies will be used as the default knowledge-representation system. The KB will include multi-level data from experimental studies (BioBridge), data from a multicentre longitudinal study on COPD phenotyping (PAC-COPD) and public datasets. The IE will enable to explore associations over the KB, perform transversal multi-scale model integration and related simulations including interactions among O2-availability/O2-utilization, ROS generation, systemic inflammation and abnormal tissue remodelling. The Web-based GVE will facilitate relevant simulations in a more intuitive way with respect to the state of the art, addressing two main user profiles: bio-researchers and clinicians. The focus will be on underlying mechanisms of COPD phenotypes associated with poor prognosis. Disease model validation and refinement will be done using a well-established, large dataset (ECLIPSE) together with experimental studies designed to test “in silico” generated hypotheses. Besides the use of the simulation environment by bio-researchers for optimal experimental design, the Synergy platform will be a relevant decision-support tool for integrated healthcare strategies aiming at modulating the evolution of COPDs.

Keywords: systems medicine,copd,medical simulation,medical decision support,knowledge base,inference engine,ontology,sbml,physiological model,experimental design,integrative healthcare