Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Post-transcriptional networks regulating organ-specific and general infection mechanisms in the rice blast fungus (RICEBLAST-NETWORKS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The rice blast fungus M. oryzae has emerged as a paradigm for the understanding of fungal aerial attack. M. oryzae also infect roots. Consequently, M. oryzae-rice interaction represents an excellent pathosystem for comparative studies of the distinct organ-specific mechanisms that occur during fungal colonisation of rice leaves and roots. We have characterised two pathogenicity-deficient mutants in M. oryzae lacking the karyopherin Msn5p/EXP5 [Plant Cell 22, 953 (2010)] and a novel RNA-binding protein (RBP35) present exclusively in filamentous fungi [PLoS Pathogens, under review]. This project aims to investigate both organ-specific and pos-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate the ability of M. oryzae to infect rice using the resources generated previously in my group. The work outlined in this proposal will extend this area of research through: 1. Deep sequencing experiments using infected rice leaves and roots with a wild-type M. oryzae strain to follow changes in gene expression in the fungus and in the host plant. 2. Tandem affinity purification experiments using EXP5-tagged with HA-FLAG to identify proteins and RNAs that directly interact with EXP5. 3. Tandem affinity purification experiments using highly conserved proteins of the M. oryzae polyadenylation machinery to identify additional protein components and use a combination of SELEX and bioinformatic approaches to discover alternative polyadenylation signals in M. oryzae genes. 4. In vivo visualisation of infection-related mRNAs including fungal effectors using the lambdaN/GFP system to analyse the involvement of RBP35 in mRNA transport and/or localisation. At present there is a lack of knowledge of the EXP5 cargoes in filamentous fungi and very little is known about the post-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate fungal plant infection. Further, this research will open exciting avenues about local control of translation of proteins significant for M. oryzae plant invasion (fungal effectors).

Keywords: rice blast,fungal plant pathogenesis,food security,effector-encoding mrna localisation,organ-specificity,root infection,rna metabolism,polyadenylation machinery,alternative polyadenylation
Computational study of macro- and microscopic turbulence controlled by polymer additives (VISCELTURBFLOW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is the study of a multiscale challenge of fluid mechanics, polymer dynamics in flow, one that spans from molecular to macroscale. In spite of decades of research on the dynamics of single polymers in flow, polymer drag reduction, early turbulence, and more recently elastic turbulence, a comprehensive and predictive knowledge of polymer-polymer and polymer-flow interactions still elude us. Consequently, industrial applications of polymers' abilities to control turbulence, heat transfer in single or multiphase flows, or enhancing mixing at microscopic scales have yet to exploit the full potential of polymer dynamics. It is proposed to develop an interdisciplinary research program around multiscale numerical algorithms developed to address the shortcomings of current numerical approaches used for viscoelastic fluids in turbulent, or turbulent-like, flows. The intellectual merit of the proposal is to study an area of fluid mechanics with many remaining open questions that pertains to the fundamental properties of turbulent transport and mixing. The broader impacts of the proposed research are (1) to advance the state of the art of predictive theories and models of polymer dynamics in flow, (2) to contribute to the general knowledge of turbulence control and mixing, (3) to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed research in turbulence drag control, heat transfer manipulation and mixing applied to practical problems.

Keywords: technological sciences,fluid mechanics,chemical engineering,computational sciences,turbulence,non- newtonian fluids,brownian dynamics,rheological models,direct numerical simulation,polymers
New tools for assembling complex molecules (CHAAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The direct and selective C-H activation of aliphatic scaffolds unlocks attractive opportunities for significantly different synthetic strategies. Although it represents an important and long-standing goal in chemistry, very few actual methods are truly practical. This project aims at achieving further mechanistic insights, focusing on steps and factors controlling the activity and selectivity of catalytic sp3 C-H bond activation processes. Asymmetric sp3 C-H bond functionalizations will be of particular interest, designing reactive chiral systems and developing novel coordinating substrates for asymmetric catalysis.

Keywords: homogeneus catalysis,c-h activation,functionalization of sp3 c-h bonds
Spectrum Sharing Systems for Improving Spectral Efficiency (S3ISE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In this project an analytical cross layer framework is developed for optimal radio resource modelling and allocation for multi secondary user spectrum sharing systems. The proposed analytical framework is able to model the impact of the system and service parameters in their corresponding time scales and level of accuracies on the system performance. In particular, one of the objectives of this project an objective is to integrate spectrum sensing into other upper layer functionalities such as power and rate control, and resource scheduling. This improves the spectrum sharing system performance through exploiting inherent dynamics in a spectrum sharing environment in their corresponding time scales. Fundamental system scalability aspects are also investigated in this project through considering multi-user secondary network. Based on the developed analytical framework, the next step is to develop efficient schemes and implement such optimal radio resource allocations considering practical concerns. Practical concerns include minimizing the level of inter and intra system signalling, signalling overhead and robustness to imperfect inputs. The key objectives of the proposed project which are distinguished comparing to the state-of-the-art and contribute into the field of interest are: i) obtaining fundamental performance limits and scalability characteristics for multiuser secondary system, ii) integrating sensing into the radio resource allocation which enables adaptive sensing, iii) developing low overhead resource allocation algorithms with robustness against uncertain inputs e.g., cross channel CSI, and iv) proposing efficient network architectures based on the vision the proposed framework provides on the trade-offs among different system parameters and practical considerations. Experimental demonstration of such networks will also be pursued via finding other sources of funding or in collaboration with other research groups.

Keywords: physical sciences,communication engineering,radio engineering
Microstructural Design of Bulk Ultra-fine Grained and Nanostructured Materials for High Performance Applications (BUNSMAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2013-05-06
End date: 2017-05-05
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bulk ultra-fine grained (UFG) and nanostructured (NS) materials have attracted immense interest in recent years due to the paramount goal of achieving simultaneous increase in strength and ductility. A unique method for obtaining these materials is the utilization of severe plastic deformation for structural refinement. Despite their technological importance in industries ranging from automotive and aerospace to energy and biomedical; efforts on difficult-to-work hexagonal close packed (hcp) materials have been comparably limited in quantity and scope. Robust utilization of UFG-NS materials in engineering applications will not be possible without exploring the mechanical behavior within given operation envelopes, typically not limited to ambient or monotonic conditions. This project aims to investigate the monotonic-cyclic response of severely deformed hcp materials by exhibiting the interplay of unique deformation mechanisms at the micro-nano scale, and strengthen the understanding of their effects on the observed mechanical behavior. With the aid of novel characterization techniques, trends in the processing-structure-property relations among the model materials will be demonstrated. These will be incorporated in physically sound constitutive models for improving the predictive capabilities. Ultimately, these efforts will fill in the crucial missing gap between engineered microstructures and envisaged applications for European competitiveness and welfare. Over the last decade, the PI has experienced with multiple projects in quest for fabricating, characterizing and modeling high performance advanced materials. The current proposal facilitates bringing this expertise on the processing intricacies, characterization techniques, plasticity modeling and applications of severely deformed materials to the dynamic ERA. In this endeavor, the availability of the CIG will be of vital importance, providing seamless knowledge transfer and sustainability of research efforts.

Keywords: severe plastic deformation,nanostructured,ultra-fine grained,ecae,ecap,mechanical behavior,fatigue,hexagonal close packed,texture,high temperature,anisotropy,crystal plasticity
Role of the mitochondrial Translocator Protein (mTSPO) in Brain Cellular Physiology: a Neglected Pathway in Signalling and Self-conservation Mechanisms (TSPO & BRAIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2017-07-02
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Balanced energy homeostasis and correct functioning of regulatory processes are the basis of cellular health. The impaired interplay between these is thus responsible for the pathology of tissues especially for those undergoing stress and unable to regenerate such as the Brain. An exhaustive comprehension of the physiology of molecules intimately involved in these phenomena is therefore essential both to increase our understanding of Brain fundamental physiology and to delineate novel approaches to tackle pathologies at their origin. The mitochondrial Translocator Protein (mTSPO) is one of these molecules as critically located on the outer membrane of the mitochondrion and in close association with the multi-functional protein Voltage Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC). mTSPO is increases during brain inflammation but, in spite of this, its cell biology and the underlying events associated to changes in its expression are still obscure. The research program I propose here aims to elucidate this pathway for mitochondrial and cellular physiology and so finalize an understating on a neglected molecule upon which the homeostasis of the cell dependents. We will address the mTSPO role in mitochondrial and cell metabolism and to the processes guarding cell integrity such as Apoptosis and Autophagy; we will do so by ascertaining how mTSPO ratio of expression with that of VDAC defines the signalling of Ca2+, dynamics of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), ATP rationing and Redox State. How modifications in ROS impinge on downstream kinases will be also determined. Pharmacological tools to modulate mTSPO activity will be employed as a further means of investigation and finally the relation between mTSPO/VDAC ratio of expression and pathological behaviour of tissues will be scrutinized. These results will shed light on an important molecular player and form a conceptual and experimental framework for future investigations in the Physio-Pathology of the Brain.

Keywords: cell biology,neuroscience,mitochondria,autophagy,cell death
Spin Transport in Silicon Nanodevices (SILICONSPIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Spintronics is the vision of using the spin of the electrons instead of its charge to perform information storage and processing. These spin based devices has the potential to make the future computers non-volatile, faster, with memory and processing integrated into a single chip, all with reduced energy consumption. A profound impact on the development of spintronics could come from exploiting spin degree of freedom in the main stream semiconductor like silicon at room temperature. The first goal of this proposal is to establish a physical understanding of the fundamental processes of efficient generation, sensitive detection, and effective manipulatipon of spin current in silicon. Spin polarization in silicon will be created by different methods such as - electrical spin injection, thermal spin injection, spin pumping, and spin Hall effect using ferromagnet/silicon heterostructures. Detection of the created spin polarization will be performed by combination of different techniques both in local and non-local geometry, for example by use of spin-valve measurements, Hanle measurements and inverse spin Hall effect measurements. Finally the manipulation of such spin polarization will be controlled by magnetic field and electric field. The aim of this proposal is to achieve all these operations in both n-type and p-type silicon at room temperature. The second goal is to implement silicon spintronic devices by integrating different functionalities obtained from our first goal. While relevant for the development of a spin based transistor, this work aims to go well beyond that, aiming for new routes to create and control spins in silicon nanostructures. For realization of this we propose to develop novel approaches for fabrication of silicon based nano-spintronic devices and design new transport measurement techniques which will lead to these fundamental physics experiments, and possibly new applications.

Keywords: spintronics,silicon,room temperature,spin injection,spin polarized tunnling,spin caloritronics,spin pumping
Study of the functional role of Alveolar Macrophages in vivo. (ROLE OF ALVEOLAR MFS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2016-11-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The lung is a fascinating tissue at the level of immune regulation. As barrier to the outside world it is in constant contact with innocuous environmental antigens, but is also the entrance site for many pathogens. Importantly, loss of immune tolerance against environmental antigens, including pollen and house-dust-mite antigens, can cause severe allergic asthma. Dendritic cells (DCs) and Macrophages (MFs) play an essential role in regulation of immune responses. Thus lung DCs and lung MFs appear to mediate two seemingly incompatible functions: maintaining tolerance against harmless environmental antigens while retaining the capacity to response powerfully to invading pathogens. This CIG project is based on the hypothesis that the different functional tasks performed by DCs and MFs in the lungs are in fact mediated by distinct subsets of DCs and MFs. Unfortunately current available research tools cannot properly address the contribution of the individual DC or MF subsets in the regulation of pulmonary immune responses. Therefore, this project proposes to combine state-of-the-art cellular and molecular techniques to generate innovative research tools which will allow to unambiguously study the specific role of the major lung MF subset, i.e. the Alveolar Macrophage (AMFs). We will first identify AMF-specific genes and then generate two knock-in mouse models to unravel the role of AMFs in vivo. This study should lead to a better understanding of the functional role of AMFs in the regulation of pulmonary immune responses, including allergic asthma, airway tolerance and defense against pathogens, which ultimately could lead to the design of more efficient immune intervention strategies to fight lung diseases.

Keywords: immunology,allergology,infections
Large Scale Machine Learning for Simultaneous Heterogeneous Tasks (HERL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Iceland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The topic of this research is robust machine learning in the face of many conflicting tasks and objectives the agent is responsible for learning. As learning algorithms become a more important component of future systems, the flexibility required for these algorithms to address the ever-increasing range and complexity of tasks we ask of them will require advancements in machine learning techniques. It is the view of the researcher that one very important aspect of this advancement will be the development of techniques that can handle an order of magnitude or more greater concurrent tasks without requiring undue effort on the part of human programmers or unreasonable computation time or computational burden. This work will develop more flexible learning mechanisms that can allow for the degree of autonomy that will be necessary in the next generation of learning systems. In particular, improvements are necessary in life-long learning behavior of agents that are intended to address a wider range of problems than most current systems are capable of, and such systems need to be able to concurrently manage many more goals and tasks than they currently do, and do so with less direct human intervention. In particular, this research focuses on the problems inherent in agents which must maintain the goal of learning very many heterogeneous tasks simultaneously. These problems primarily lie in scaling the learning algorithms, in more intelligent management of action selection to ensure that the agent is able to balance the conflicting goals without ignoring any of the tasks. The research proposes to address the problems by adapting current research from the field of multi-objective optimization to help develop new scalable reinforcement learning algorithms. In addition, new algorithms will be developed to perform action selection in the presence of many heterogeneous goals.

Keywords: machine learning,reinforcement learning,multi-objective,multi-task
Innovative Catalysis and Small Molecule Activation: Toward 'Green' Chemistry (ICSMAGC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

My proposed research projects will focus on sustainable Organic Chemistry, including various aspects of (Asymmetric) Catalysis as a ‘green’ key technology. This approach is relevant to the global mission of the European Union in that it aims at advancing fundamental science in view of a sustainable and environmentally friendly society. Significant further developments in the field of (Asymmetric) Catalysis rely on: (I) the discovery of innovative (chiral) catalysts, (II) the invention of unprecedented modes for the catalytic activation of strong bonds, and (III) the careful elucidation of the involved reaction mechanisms. In this context, my proposed research programs will contribute to the following exciting areas: (1) Exploration of (chiral) compounds bearing an element in its unusually low-oxidation or low-valent state, in order to develop innovative catalysts for (asymmetric) synthesis, e.g. unprecedented direct-type bond transformations. This approach saves resources and minimizes waste production. (2) Exploration of (chiral) potentially ambiphilic elements, displaying ‘switchable’ acid–base reactivity, for the catalytic activation of strong bonds in small molecules. This intriguing unexplored concept may be exploited in view of: (a) catalytic (asymmetric) reactions employing e.g. ‘molecular hydrogen’ and ‘carbon dioxide’ for effective ‘green’ material transformations; (b) ‘molecular hydrogen storage’; (c) ‘carbon dioxide fixation’. (3) Exploration of Organic Chemistry, particularly (Asymmetric) Catalysis, in water or alternative ‘green’ solvents (abundant & renewable), such as hydroxylated organic solvents (glycerol, propylene glycol, lactate esters), but also in view of uncovering unprecedented reactivities and unique selectivities.

Keywords: natural sciences,organic chemistry,synthesis,asymmetric catalysis,small molecule activation,dihydrogen storage,carbon dioxide fixation,'green' chemistry,environment,health,water chemistry