Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
LAyer Transfer for Integration of Compound sEmiconductors (LATICE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The micro-electronic industry undergoes nowadays a so-called materials revolution. To achieve performance enhancement for the next technology nodes, major innovations are needed beyond a simple down scaling of the device dimensions. Present trends in the industry are first to reduce the thickness of the semiconducting channel along with the overall lateral dimensions of the device, and second, to engineer the channel by introducing high mobility materials other than Si to further increase the device performances and to improve the energy efficiency. Recently, the research community focused on the use of Ge and III-V compound semiconductors such as InGaAs. The first demonstration of Ge and InGaAs “on-insulator” FET has been done using an approach based on direct wafer bonding. Our project proposes to move this strategy well beyond the state of the art and target two separate scientific and technological objectives. Scientific aims are, first, to demonstrate the bonding of III-V quantum-well structures onto silicon with an excellent crystalline quality, second to demonstrate layer transfer for thickness t<5nm and third to fabricate MOSFETs using these ultra thin channels. The technological objective is to propose a path towards a fabrication process appropriate for a high volume industrialization. If the transfer of the InGaAs active layer could be done by grinding the donor wafer, we will here focus on processes where the donor wafer can be reused for economical efficiency. We will demonstrate first, the growth of a donor III-V wafer including both a graded layer on bulk silicon with minimum defect density and a quantum well to be transferred, second, a layer transfer based on ion implantation, thermal splitting and selective etches to transfer the active layer and permit to re-use the donor wafer, and third the regrowth of a III-V heterostructure on the donor wafer that could potentially to be transferred in a next step.

Keywords: mosfets devices,etsoi,iii-v,ultra thin channels,materials engineering,direct wafer bonding,ion implantation,molecular beam epitaxy,physical,chemical and electrical characterization
Molecular mechanisms of myelination in peripheral nerves (HEALTHYMYELIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269096.4
EU funding (EUR): 269096.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Peripheral nerve myelination by Schwann cells is essential for normal nervous system function. Numerous acquired and inherited diseases result from defects in peripheral nerve myelination or myelin maintenance. In addition myelination is crucial for repair and regeneration of the nervous system. Thus an important challenge is to understand the cellular and molecular events that underlie myelination and myelin maintenance. The host laboratory, under the direction of Dr Nicolas Tricaud, has developed a novel in vivo approach to investigate the basic molecular mechanisms that control myelination, myelin maintenance and demyelination. This technique involves microinjection of viral vectors that express cDNAs and small inhibitory RNAs in myelinating Schwann cells of mice. The aim of the present proposal is to use this approach to analyse the basic cellular mechanisms, with particular focus on cell-cell interactions, involved in the aetiology of demyelinating peripheral neuropathies. In addition increasing evidence suggests that numerous hereditary and acquired peripheral nerves diseases present with significant mitochondrial dysfunctions. The relationship between the function of mitochondria in mSCs and in peripheral axons remains unknown. Therefore the second aim of this project is to investigate both the role of mitochondria in mSCs and to evaluate the impact of glial mitochondrial activities on the physiology and function of the myelinated axon. The present proposal will provide key information about peripheral myelination and maintenance with particular relevance to the aetiology of peripheral neuropathies, information crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies for these highly debilitating diseases.

Keywords: medical sciences,health sciences,peripheral nervous system,myelin
Nano-scale and Artificial Materials for Adaptive Electromagnetic Wave Control (MARCONI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will study the control of electromagnetic (EM) waves using exceptional materials, and the application of such to the design of novel adaptive guiding and radiating structures. Two classes of unusual ‘materials’ with similarities in terms of modelling method and potentials applications are concerned here, constituting two inter-related research lines (i) the nano-scale graphene material and (ii) artificial materials based on periodic structures. Concerning graphene, a first goal will be to derive simple yet efficient EM models for the monolayer atomic structure, derived from usual EM concepts and solid-state properties of graphene. Such modelling will be experimentally validated and then employed to the design of graphene-based devices, including wired and wireless intrachip interconnects and antennas. A very important aspect in this task is the tremendous potential of graphene for fully-integrated and effective device dynamic control, based on field-effect. In the case of artificial material made of periodic structures, they will be combined with MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) in order to achieve integrated EM devices with dynamic control capabilities. At the theoretical level, the properties of the periodic structures will be tailored to achieve unprecedented radiation capabilities (e.g. the total control of the radiated beam at all space directions). The frequency range of interest for these studies mainly concern millimeter-waves, but THz will also be considered in particular cases. Very importantly, both theoretical and experimental aspects will be carefully addressed. This ambition requires exceptional expertise and fabrication capabilities, which is available within the applicant team and host infrastructure and multidisciplinary activities. This research will significantly contribute to the crucial fields of nano-electromagnetics devices, dynamic configuration, and fully-tailored electromagnetic radiation for advanced applications.

Keywords: electrical engineering,high frequency technology,radio engineering,nanoelectronics,electron-based nano-devices,nanodevices
Characterization of the interactions and modifications affecting AtAGO1 function (AGOIM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Silencing small RNAs (sRNAs) are important regulatory molecules involved in the most diverse aspects of plant physiology, including development, response to biotic and abiotic stresses, genome stability and also defense against pathogens. sRNA originate from double-strand RNAs (dsRNAs), which are processed by DICER LIKE enzymes (DCLs) to 19-24 nucleotide long sRNAs. These molecules are then loaded into ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins to form the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which drives gene silencing either at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana AGO1 is the main effector of microRNAs (miRNAs) and many distinct classes of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), including those involved in antiviral defense. Despite its importance in plant biology and defense, not much is known about the post-translational modifications and protein interactors affecting AGO1 function. In an effort to better understand the regulation of AGO1-dependent sRNA pathways, the host laboratory has identified several putative AGO1 interacting proteins, among them, heat shock proteins (HSP70s) and TSN1/2, two tudor-domain proteins, which seem to strongly aggregate onto AGO1 upon virus infections, suggesting their roles in antiviral silencing. In addition, the host laboratory has confirmed that AGO1 can be Arginine methylated, a modification with potentially important implications for the correct function, stability or localization of the protein. The main goal of this research application is to characterize the role of TSN in the AGO1-RISC complex, during healthy growth and virus infections. It also aims at understanding the potential protective role of HSP70s for AGO1, and the consequences of AGO1 methylation for sRNA-directed regulations.

Keywords: natural sciences,plant genetics,small rnas,gene silencing,ago1 regulation,protein methylation,viral suppresors
Algebraic statistics of general Markov models (TREEMODELS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 264639.6
EU funding (EUR): 264639.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Statistical models are used in phylogenetics to recover the evolution of species. These models are generally highly complicated and the inference involves using some fragile numerical algorithms. The proposed project aims at an in-depth study of phylogenetic models from a mathematical point of view. We find it convenient to take a perspective of algebraic statistics, which is an emerging field focused on solving statistical inference problems using concepts from algebraic geometry. It allows us to identify discrete statistical models with geometric objects. A new approach we propose is based on the analysis of these models in spaces expressed by moments. Using this approach we managed to obtain a good understanding of these models in the multivariate binary case. In this project want to generalise this for arbitrary discrete data. Similarly as in the binary case we want to obtain the full set of defining polynomial equations and inequalities. In addition, we want to understand identifiability of these models and various group acting on it. This concepts are very important from practical point of view as they will enable us to enhance the existing inference procedures. This objective has two important extensions, one motivated by biology and the other by algebraic geometry. First, we want to propose an alternative, simple and robust method to model evolution in biology. We can do it using our understanding of the geometry of this models and links to the underlying evolutionary process. Second, we want to obtain a better understanding of certain classical projective varieties. Algebraic statistics and especially its applications in computational biology have been a very important part of the research activity at UC Berkeley. The outgoing part of the program will allow the applicant to obtain a relevant training needed to succeed with the proposed project.

Keywords: computational biology,algebraic geometry,combinatorial analysis,statistics
Holographic Walking Technicolor (HWTC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161065.2
EU funding (EUR): 161065.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Technicolor is an extension of the standard model of particle physics, where new strongly coupled gauge theory breaks the electroweak symmetry instead of the Higgs boson. Recently, a large class of possibly phenomenologically viable 'walking' technicolor models have been suggested. Understanding their dynamics is a challenge since standard perturbative methods do not apply in the strongly coupled region. Therefore, special tools are needed to estimate the essentially nonperturbative observables of the theory. A relevant tool is holography, which links the stongly coupled gauge theory to some higher dimensional classical gravitational theory, where calculations can be done. The proposed project concentrates on development of new holographic models and techniques for walking and generic nonsupersymmetric gauge theories, which have a potentially large number of matter fields with respect to the number of gauge fields. The aim is to improve the understanding of candidate technicolor theories as well as nonsupersymmetric gauge theories in general, via progress in their holographic description. The constructed models will be used to study the conformal transition in generic gauge theories, to explore their phase structure at finite temperature and chemical potential, to test the viability of the candidate technicolor theories, and to produce predictions for the LHC. The applicant has worked for three years as a postdoctoral researcher at CP3-Origins in Odense, which is the leading center in the research of technicolor models in Europe. The host, Crete Center for Theoretical Physics, has a strong reputation in the field of holography. This proposal combines the main expertises of these two centers of excellence. Therefore, the proposed fellowship will not only have strong impact on the career development of the applicant, but also aims at strong mutual benefit for the centers.

Keywords: physics,particle theory,ads/cft,holography,strongly coupled gauge theories,extensions of the standard model,technicolor
Convergent and Efficient Synthesis of Novel Heteroaromatics (SYNHET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-21
End date: 2015-01-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cycloaddition reactions are extremely potent methods to form complex heterocycles. However, [3+2]-cycloadditions across alkynes are generally ineffective for the formation of 1,3-azoles which are key constituents of natural products, pharmaceuticals and materials. This project aims to establish a convergent and readily applicable gold-catalysed formal [3+2]-cycloaddition strategy to prepare diverse highly-substituted 1,3-azoles and related heteroaromatic structures. Reaction discovery and optimization will be followed by a detailed study of the substrate scope which will include the preparation of bioactive materials to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology to the synthetic community. The second major strand of the project will exploit the ability of this methodology to provide expedient access to functional materials, in the form of chiral aminooxazoles as the basis of organocatalyst systems. Transfer of the fellow’s prior expertise and knowledge of system design and reaction application in organocatalysis will be central to the development, study and application of this potentially privileged scaffold at the core of a range of organocatalyst families. The modular and convergent method of the oxazole synthesis will facilitate both major and fine tuning of the catalysts function in single point, dual point and triple point activation, across nucleophilic catalysis, H-bond activation, and secondary amine catalysis for iminium and enamine based processes. As well as the research impact and added value to the project from knowledge transfer, outreach activities across several layers of the population will be performed. An accessible resource will be prepared for scientists; general public knowledge and appreciation of chemistry will be enhanced, and the enthusiasm for science in the next generation of students and potential scientists will be encouraged.

Keywords: organic chemistry,organometallic chemistry,gold catalysis,heterocycles,organocatalysis,asymmetric synthesis,synthetic methods
REM networks in yeast (YREM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174475.2
EU funding (EUR): 174475.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The interconnections between intermediary metabolism and regulation of gene expression are relatively poorly understood. A few reports have analysed the ability of some metabolic enzymes to 'moonlight' as RNA-binding proteins, being responsive to small metabolites that often represent co-factors of the enzymes. Building on these observations, it was recently proposed that regulatory networks formed between mRNAs, Enzymes and Metabolites (REM networks) might represent a novel regulatory layer interconnecting intermediary metabolism and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. This project aimes to comprehensively address the largely unexplored territory of cross-talk between intermediary metabolism and post-transcriptional gene regulation by identifying mRNA-binding proteins in living yeast cells using unbiased proteomic and transcriptomic methods. By adaptation of a protocol established in the host lab for human cells, I will employ in vivo crosslinking and oligo d(T)-purification followed by mass spectrometry to create a catalogue of mRNA-binding proteins for yeast, thereby identifying enzymes conserved between human and yeast. To find 'target' RNAs that specifically interact with these enzymes, I will use crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP/CRAC) assays followed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. This will allow me to identify the interacting motifs in both, the RNA and the enzymes by bioinformatic and biochemical methods. Finally, I will explore the importance of the mRNA-protein interactions for gene regulation using functional assays in vivo and in vitro.

Keywords: molecular biology,mrna-binding proteins,intermediary metabolism,post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression,yeast
Reception and Integration of Muslims in France, Quebec and English Canada (MUSLIMFRANCECANADA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-07-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269096.4
EU funding (EUR): 269096.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project compares the experiences of Muslim minorities in three contexts: France, Quebec, and English Canada. The objective is to assess the extent of integration of Muslim minorities in each setting, to identify key similarities and differences, to find the most important reasons for any differences, and to relate findings to previous research and public discourse in each setting. The three-way comparison helps illuminate a number of issues of significance to current debates on immigration and multiculturalism, including the role of public attitudes, national integration ‘models’ and advantages of traditional ‘nations of immigration’ over recent European experience, and language and culture. The theoretical framework takes account of four sets of factors: minority characteristics, mainstream attitudes and debates, institutional structures, and public policies, and draws upon inter-disciplinary perspectives. Both quantitative and qualitative data are used. On the quantitative side, for France the new government-mandated “Trajectories and Origins” (TeO) survey conducted in 2009 (over 21000 interviews) overcomes many limitations in existing statistics for identification of ethnic minorities. The comparable Canadian source is the monumental “Ethnic Diversity Survey” conducted in 2002 by Statistics Canada (over 42000 interviews). Excellent collaboration is available in use of the French data; I have already published a major book on the Canadian data. The project also will conduct a series of specially designed focus-group sessions involving structured encounters between Muslims and non-Muslims conducted in Paris, Montreal and Toronto. The project will be facilitated by CADIS in Paris where I build on a strong institutional foundation. It will produce a major book to be submitted to the MacMillan Palgrave series on migration, and papers for international conferences. A conference and workshop also will be held.

Keywords: social sciences,minorities,muslims,integration,attitudes,france,quebec,canada,cross-national comparison