Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
BRIDGING THE TIMESCALES IN FAULT-SLIP ACCUMULATION: FROM THE EARTHQUAKE RECORD TO THE GEOLOGICAL RECORD (BRIDGSEISMTIME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-16
End date: 2011-03-15
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 202162.99
EU funding (EUR): 202162.99
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Natural hazards, earthquakes in particular, can have a significant impact on the economic vitality of European regions. An improved understanding of seismic risk can help minimize the loss of human life and resources during extreme seismic events. This proposal aims to investigate the development of faults in the Earth’s crust and to improve the current understanding of earthquake behavior on timescales ranging from individual earthquakes to millions of years. Faults are breaks in the Earth&apos;s crust that grow due to slip caused by earthquakes. However, the slip accumulation on faults during successive earthquakes and the patterns arising from this process are poorly understood, mainly due to the brevity of the available earthquake record. The proposed research will employ an interdisciplinary approach that combines geological and geophysical data, geostatistical tools and numerical models to improve our understanding of earthquake occurrence on faults. The major axes of this approach will involve the acquisition, geostatistical analysis and simulation of fault-slip measured from seismic catalogues, paleoearthquake investigations and surface/subsurface geology. Collectively, the data will span timescales of days to millions of years. The objectives will be accomplished by analyzing and combing the statistics of 1792 slip/time measurements from a global dataset of faults located in 6 fault systems. The dataset will be augmented by new field measurements collected from faults in New Zealand using fault-trenching and outcrop geology. Geostatistical analysis of the fault-slip histories will be performed independently for different timescale-data in order to measure their individual earthquake statistical properties. The results will be subsequently merged using Bayesian statistics into a single stochastic model which will simulate slip histories over a range of timescales. The simulated earthquake statistics will then be tested against real world fault-displacement data.

Keywords: natural hazards,earthquakes,fault-growth,timescales,geostatistics,fault-displacement,paleoseismology,earthquake recurrence,numerical simulations,bayesian statistics,seismic risk assessment
Lignin and carbohydrate acylation in nonwoody plant cell-walls: Structural role, enzymatic cleavage and biotechnological relevance (WALLESTER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-06-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 22.0
Total project cost (EUR): 218731.03
EU funding (EUR): 218731.03
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposed Marie Curie project is to investigate lignin vs hemicellulose acylation/deacylation in different non-woody angiosperms in connection with plant cell-wall structure and degradability. The focus will be on the use of esterases to remove acylating groups and to cleave the lignin-carbohydrate interface. Such an approach would help to develop a ‘white biotechnological’ process to enzymatically pretreat plant biomass for downstream applications, such as biofuel and the preparation of platform chemicals, while retaining the natural structures of the three main components of lignocellulosic material: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The approach will be multidisciplinary in as much as enzymology will be coupled with 2D-NMR analysis, microbiology, molecular biology, and structural biology to understand the interaction between enzyme and substrate. Interactions with companies, economists and social scientists will be sought to develop research in relation to market and societal drivers. Further training in project management and proposal preparation will be undertaken allowing the applicant to progress his scientific career from leading small national projects and partner-specific tasks towards workpackage leadership and coordination of larger multidisciplinary projects. Furthermore, a workshop designed to bring together world-leading scientists in the science and exploitation of lignin and plant polysaccharides is planned to be run by the applicant towards the end of the project.

Keywords: lignocellulose,enzyme hydrolysis,fungal degradation,biomass utilisation,bioenergy,plant cell wall structure
Functional tumour genomics using metabolomic profiling (FUTUGEMET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 180783.75
EU funding (EUR): 180783.75
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metabolite profiling, as demonstrated by the host laboratory, has the power to discriminate single gene alterations and to identify metabolite biomarkers that potentially can function as surrogates for the genetic event. In addition they have shown that pattern recognition within NMR-derived metabolome profiles from gene deletion mutants can be used as a functional genomics tool to confirm the identity of modules or co-sets predicted by genome-scale metabolic models, demonstrating how metabolomic data can be used to understand the structure of metabolic networks, relating the metabolome to the genome. The aim of this project is to define the metabolic profiles associated with the expression of specific genes in tumour cells. This will allow us to define the metabolic network structure in tumour cells (and how it is related to expression of different oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes), and to identify metabolites that are correlated with common genetic changes in cancer cells. This should allow us to design new molecular imaging methods for detecting tumours and their response to treatment. Moreover, the proposed work will also allow us to understand the effects of specific drugs, by allowing us to monitor the modulation of the activity of specific drug targets and also by identifying off-target drug effects.

Keywords: cancer,functional genomics,imaging,metabolomics,signalling
Optically tuneable supramolecular field-effect transistors (OPTSUFET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164877.53
EU funding (EUR): 164877.53
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

OPTSUFET aims at enabling cross-disciplinary training and research at the interface between Supramolecular Chemistry, Materials-/Nano-Science, Physics and Electrical Engineering. The overall goal of OPTSUFET is to generate new scientific and technological knowledge by combining supramolecularly engineered nanostructured materials (SENMs), mostly based on organic semiconductors, with tailor-made interfaces incorporating photochemically switchable self-assembled monolayers on substrates and electrodes, for fabricating prototypes of optically tuneable two- (supramolecular wires) and three-terminal devices (field-effect transistors). The training and research objectives of OPTSUFET are: 1. Surface texturing with photoswitchable SAMs: derivatization of electrically conductive/insulating solid substrates and metallic nanostructures with azobenzene SAMs to optically modulate the charge injection at the metal-SENM and dielectric-SENM interface. By controlling the interface chemistry it will allow the tuning of the self-assembly of electroactive molecules at surfaces into pre-programmed supramolecular assemblies. 2. Hierarchical self-organization on textured surface of multifunctional SENMs based on electrically active functionalized carbon-based 1D and 2D nano-objects such as n- and p-type rod-like and discotics (oligo-thiophenes, perylenediimides, hexabenzocoronenes, etc) at surfaces on the functionalized substrates. 3. Nanochemistry and nanoprobes: Scanning probes (AFM, STM, KPFM, C-AFM) quantitative time and space resolved characterization of various physico chemical properties of SENMs, in particular correlation between structural and electronic properties. 4. Fabrication of photoswitchable supramolecular wires and transistors: Measurement of charge mobility, under photochemical modulation, in SENMs two- and three-terminal devices varying systematically the wire’s (1) chemical composition, (2) conformation, (3) length and (4) doping.

Keywords: physical chemistry,surface chemistry,electrical engineering,molecular electronics,nanoelectronics
Modeling reciprocity in games (RECIPROCITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151296.49
EU funding (EUR): 151296.49
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Reciprocity plays an important role in socio-economic interactions as recognized by social scientists in all fields. However, there is no interdisciplinary consensus over the definitions of scientific terms, models, and experimental practices to study it. This project will be an attempt to bring together the best findings and techniques from different fields and create a framework that would allow the possibility to systematically study reciprocal behavior. In the first part of the project the game theoretic model will be constructed. The agents in the model will explicitly take the intentions of others as well as the ownership of the payoffs into account. This is a novel approach never attempted in the existing literature. In the second part, we will define the class of strategic situations to which the model can be sensibly applied. These situations should be naturally understood by people as reciprocal and not competitive. The third part will be dedicated to behavioral experiments intended to demonstrate the validity of the model. The mathematical framework will combine the tools of non-cooperative and cooperative game theory and model agents in the way consistent with the knowledge from psychology and neuroscience. This is an important step towards a single model of human behavior in social sciences, an ultimate goal of interdisciplinary research. The experimental part of the project will show new ways of understanding framing effects, which can influence many applied areas from writing contracts to conducting international politics. The results of the project can provide experimental tests for people&apos;s attitudes towards private property, which is a main factor in economic growth. This can contribute to the understanding of, for example, the economic processes in the developing countries. The results can also influence economic policy, for instance, by showing novel ways of testing the strength of preferences over wage inequality.

Keywords: microeconomics,game theory,experimental economics
Neural bases of temporal processing in the human brain (NEUROTIME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-06-01
End date: 2011-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 182484.78
EU funding (EUR): 182484.78
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although perception of time is fundamental to human and animal behavior, there is no consensus in the scientific community with respect to the neural mechanisms that enable us to actually perceive and process time. This proposal seeks to answer three fundamental questions addressing the nature and localization of the underlying neuronal mechanisms enabling humans to use temporal information and keep track of time. The specific aims are: (i) To determine whether neural mechanisms of temporal processing are specific to a sensory modality or shared between different modalities. (ii) To determine whether information about elapsed duration of an event is encoded in neural activity (iii) To investigate the potential causal role of different brain regions in time perception. Additionally, throughout the project I will take advantage of individual differences in ability to judge time to investigate whether such individual differences have specific neuroanatomical correlates. To achieve these goals I will apply temporal paradigms using stimuli from different modalities and examine temporal processing using behavioral experiments, functional MRI (fMRI) measurements of brain activity, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to disrupt cortical function, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to correlate focal anatomical differences with behavioral differences, so as to provide converging evidence from multiple methodologies.

Keywords: natural sciences,fmri,tms,time,vision,audition,dcm,vbm
Alpha-Catenin regulatory properties and functions during Zebrafish development. (ALPHA-CATENIN ROLES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IOF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 241291.23
EU funding (EUR): 241291.23
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Adherens junctions (AJ) play key roles in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and cell signaling in a variety of biological processes. AJ are dynamic structures composed of cell-cell adhesion proteins (cadherin super-family), associated adaptor proteins (alpha-, and beta-catenin) and other proteins (p120) that locally regulate the actin cytoskeleton. The functions of two components of the AJ, cadherins and beta-catenin, are well understood, but the function of alpha-catenin is not. Significantly, Professor Nelson’s laboratory identified new functions for alpha-catenin that may be particularly important during cell rearrangements. An important, unanswered question is how these AJ are regulated during complex cell rearrangements when cell-cell contacts are maintained as cells migrate. We propose to combine classical zebrafish methodologies with cell biochemical and biophysical approaches, and high resolution live cell imaging to define mechanisms underlying epithelial cell rearrangements driven by remodeling and stabilization of AJ during different phases of zebrafish development. This project embodies a unique research plan for the candidate in which he will examine the dynamics of cell adhesion and migration in zebrafish embryogenesis by initially applying biochemical and cell biology strategies developed in Professor Nelson’s laboratory at Stanford University, and subsequently use biophysical, imaging and genetic methods developed in Dr. Gilmour’s laboratory at the EMBL. Zebrafish is an established model system for genetics and development biology, and is emerging as model for cell biology studies; this project proposes to push these boundaries further by using strategies developed from biochemical and biophysical studies. The overall aim of the project is, therefore, to provide a novel training platform for the Fellow, Dr. Schepis, using different experimental approaches provided by the Nelson and Gilmour laboratories.

Keywords: animal embryology,cell migration,cell adhesion,zebrafish,gastrulation.
RESILIENCE AND STABILITY IN DEVELOPING TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION (RESTORE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-03-01
End date: 2011-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 248672.58
EU funding (EUR): 248672.58
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall objective of RESTORE is to synthesize the knowledge of the biodiversity of pristine European boreal forests, available only in Russia, and bring it in use in European context. That will be done by combing the Russian knowledge and data from pristine boreal forests to that from managed boreal forests in Finland in order to estimate boreal forest ecosystem resilience and stability and develop tools for sustainable forest management (SFM) and restoration. The results are of crucial importance for EU and national policy makers, state forest managers, forest owners, conservationists and NGOs in both Europe and Russia. RESTORE covers 3 types of activities: research, development and dissemination. RESTORE first time estimates stability and resilience using biodiversity indicators for species groups, structures and processes of key importance for biodiversity. Natural disturbances (fires and windthrows) and felling treatments are considered as perturbations. Originality and innovative nature of the project is in its unique dataset, a gradient from pristine to intensively managed forests, and system approach in practical implementation of basic research. The management and conservation tools will be developed according to resilience, return interval after disturbance and stability threshold of each ecosystem type depending on socio-economic context, management history, site conditions and natural disturbance regimes. The data collected and analyzed in RESTORE will be published at the European Forest Data Centre of the European Commission, managed by JRC in cooperation with Metla&apos;s web team to define future guidelines for SFM. RESTORE is also in accordance with FAO&apos;s concept of SFM. In future RESTORE will be a part of a planned broad scale EU network for identifying the thresholds in ecosystem resilience and stability in a gradient of land-use intensity.

Keywords: biodiversity indicators,ecosystem management,habitat and species restoration,anthropogenic impact on ecosystems,nature conservation,natural resources management,forest ecosystems,ecosystem services
Multidimentional Modulation for Multimedia Communications (M3COM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-08-21
End date: 2010-08-20
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 114559.22
EU funding (EUR): 114559.22
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project addresses the difficulties of designing modulation that provides robust, flexible connections for multimedia/video wireless communications. The main objectives of this project are two-fold: ensure reliable wireless transmission (specifically for retransmissions and relay-based communications) within the plurality of connectivity options in modern communications systems; and design novel hierarchical modulation schemes along with proposed methods to analyse their performance and enhance their robustness using transceiver design advances. With the complementary expertise of the fellow researcher Dr Szczecinski of INRS-EMT and of Dr Duhamel and his team at the host institution L2S, this project will be carried out by a strong international research group with a unique focus on end-to-end design of wireless multimedia systems. This collaboration will take advantage of the synergy and complementary skills of both research groups, providing a unique opportunity to both share and deepen expertise while making a significant contribution to this field. Though this research is motivated by current industry trends, it is strongly rooted in theoretical content. Given the solid expertise of the fellow researcher in this burgeoning field, knowledge transfer and training of highly qualified personnel is assured. The project’s rigorous scientific goals and its positive impact on the creation and transfer of knowledge to the European host organization fit well with the objectives of the Marie-Curie Actions: FP7 People International Incoming Fellowships.

Keywords: technological sciences,terrestrial mobile technology,multimedia techniques,broadband technology
Improving coherence between private law and competition law (COPRICOMP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-06-01
End date: 2011-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151863.51
EU funding (EUR): 151863.51
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Insufficient coherence exists between the proposals to harmonize the law of contracts/obligations and EC competition law. Although the Commission has supported both the initiatives to create principles of contract law and a Common Frame of Reference on the one hand and rules concerning damages for antitrust infringements on the other hand, their mutual influences are limited. This led e.g. to the result that the Draft Common Frame of Reference contains rules that are difficult to reconcile with EC competition law and that the common frame of reference provides that trivial damages should not be compensated while the DGComp strives to enhance compensation for scattered damages resulting from antitrust infringements. Other issues on the cross-roads between the law of obligations and EC competition law include the possibility to use the tort of interference with contracts to obtain damages from a third party who infringed a selective distribution network, a matter which is far from uniformly regulated in the EC member states and remains unnoticed in highly regarded competition law courses. Up to now, most issues have been dealt with (almost) exclusively from either a competition law perspective, either a private law perspective. The proposed study aims to reconcile both perspectives by testing the private law initiatives on their compatibility with competition law and studying competition law initiatives from a private law perspective. This will provide new insights and increase coherence between the various initiatives for the creation of an efficient European legal system. The project fits into the programme of the Ius Commune Research School in which Maastricht University is a partner. The Ius Commune Research School offers facilities enabling post-doc researchers to continually develop their methodology, knowledge and presentational skills. In addition Maastricht University offers a number of high level courses to its staff.

Keywords: business law