Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Verb agreement encoding during language production and comprehension (VERBAGRENCODING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to make a broad characterization of agreement encoding processes, both during language production and comprehension, by proposing a cross-linguistic research project. We aim to characterize verb agreement encoding with its arguments by means of the number attraction phenomenon. Most psycholinguistic research has only considered subject-verb agreement, mainly because it is the only form of verb agreement that exists in the languages that have been studied (e.g., English, Dutch, French, Italian). However, we will further explore number agreement processes of the verb and its other arguments (e.g., subject, object and indirect object) both in Basque and Spanish. In Basque the verb agrees with the verb with its three arguments. In Spanish, the verb only agrees with the subject. However, it has also been suggested that object-clitic agreement is a kind of object-verb agreement (e.g. Franco, 1993). These issues will be explored by means of behavioural agreement error elicitation tasks in production, and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in comprehension. Our working hypothesis is that similar general processing mechanisms underlie different agreement relations between the verb and its different arguments. We expect to find signs of different sensitivity to attraction effects between different agreement relations (e.g., larger/shorter attraction effects in production; differences in the amplitude, distribution and/or latencies of the ERP components). This would suggest that the strength of these relations during on-line production and comprehension processes may be different (e.g., subject agreement relations being more robust and less prone to attraction effects than object/dative agreement relations).

Keywords: psycholinguistics,syntax,neurolinguistics,cognitive science,speech errors,language production,language comprehension.
Structural studies of human small heat shock proteins and their complexes (SHSPCOMPLEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are a family of proteins that play a crucial role in the cell. The sHSPs bind to proteins that have partially unfolded and prevent them from forming deleterious intracellular aggregates. In humans high levels of sHSPs are found in various tissues. Aberrant sHSP activity, or the loss of it, is associated with a variety of diseases including cataract, myopathy and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, high levels of sHSPs protect cancer cells from chemotherapeutic treatment. To understand how sHSPs function a detailed knowledge of their 3D structure is required, both free and bound to a substrate. In this work we plan to study the structures of two human sHSPs, HSPB6 and HSPB8, by X-ray crystallography, small angle X-ray scattering and other biophysical methods. In the past isolated human sHSPs have proven recalcitrant to crystallization, we will circumvent this problem by studying HSPB6 and HSPB8 bound to known partner proteins. This work will be complemented with detailed structural studies of their interaction with ATXN3, a model protein substrate for polyglutamine expansion associated neurodegenerative diseases. We plan to generate atomic resolution structures of these various complexes that can be used to define the critical regions of the sHSPs that are necessary for activity. This knowledge, in turn, can be used to design therapeutic compounds that mimic or modulate sHSP function.

Keywords: structural biology,shsp,x-ray crystallography,saxs,atxn3,bag3,cofilin,thermodynamics,spr,itc,poly-glutamine,chaperone.
REVerse engineering of audio-VIsual coNtent Data (REWIND)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Future and emerging technologies
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,United Kingdom,Spain,Germany,Brazil
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-C, 2009)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2570328.0
EU funding (EUR): 1943090.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

With the rapid proliferation of inexpensive acquisition and storage devices multimedia objects can be easily created, stored, transmitted, modified and tampered with by anyone. During its lifetime, a digital object might go through several processing stages, including multiple analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversions, coding and decoding, transmission, editing (either aimed at enhancing the quality, creating new contents mixing pre-existing materials, or tampering with the content). The REWIND (REVerse engineering of audio- VIsual coNtent Data) project is aimed at synergistically combining principles of signal processing, machine learning and information theory to answer relevant questions on the past history of such objects. The REWIND proposal starts from the observation that each of these processing steps necessarily leaves a characteristic footprint, which can be potentially detected to trace back the past history of the available multimedia object in a blind fashion, i.e. without having access to the original content. Note that, in many cases, these processing steps introduce undesired and irreversible distortions ("misprints") in the original multimedia object, e.g. due to insufficient sampling rate in the acquisition phase, coding artifacts in lossy compression, or imperfect error concealment strategies. Considerable efforts in multimedia processing research have been directed therefore towards a more comprehensive understanding of how to prevent these artifacts through, for instance, error-resilience mechanisms or techniques to avoid undesired or unauthorized modifications of the content streams. REWIND intends to develop innovative tools and approaches to reverse this perspective completely: footprints are considered as an asset, i.e. a source of additional information about the multimedia object history, which can be leveraged to reconstruct the processing chain applied to the audio-video digital object.

Keywords: multimedia object,reverse engineering on multimedia processing chain,multimedia processing chain footprint,multimedia quality assessment,multimedia forensics,multimedia object fingerprint.
COOPERATION BETWEEN STATES AND NON-STATE ARMED GROUPS: SYTEMATIC OR RANDOM PARTNERSHIPS? (STATE-NAGCOOPERATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this project is to advance my existing research on state support for Non-state Armed Groups (NAGs) including terrorists, ethnic, religious, and ideological insurgencies and guerrilla organizations. NAGs are defined by three characteristics: the absence of a formal affiliation to a state or its armed forces, resort to violence to achieve their objectives, pursuit of political objectives, such as secession, autonomy, or change of government, regime type and/or leadership. State support is defined in terms of two characteristics: 1- support type or form, which may include providing safe havens, training camps, arms and logistics, funds, and troops, 2- whether support is intentional, i.e. emerges as a result of a deliberate act on the part of a government or leadership to create channels to assist a NAG, or de facto, i.e. NAGs exploit domestic weaknesses of states and open doors to extract material and human resources. Although this distinction is essential for developing proper policies for dealing with violence generated by NAGs worldwide, it is hardly acknowledged in the existing research. Various datasets on terrorist groups, insurgent movements, and civil wars fail to address external supporters systematically as one of the key explanatory variables when it comes to these groups’ formation and survival. This project will expand the dataset that I have composed during my Ph.D. study (see Appendix I for a list of NAGs on which data have been collected) and pave the way for the formation of a hub that will be in constant communication with the scientists in Europe and US.

Keywords: terrorism,insurgency,state sponsorship,inter-state rivalry
Dynamic, stem cell-mediated self-renewal in the Drosophila intestine. (DYNASTEM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2682080.0
EU funding (EUR): 2682080.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cells in intestinal epithelia turn over rapidly due to aging, damage, and toxins produced by the enteric microbiota. Gut homeostasis is maintained by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that divide to renew the intestinal epithelium, but little is known about how ISC division and differentiation are coordinated with the loss of spent gut epithelial cells. This proposal addresses the mechanisms of dynamic self-renewal in the intestine of Drosophila. Our recent work has outlined a paradigm explaining intestinal homeostasis in Drosophila that could apply also to humans. A new lab is being established in Heidelberg where we wish to extend these studies. Our objectives are to understand: 1) How intestinal stem cell pool sizes are regulated; 2) How the cytokines and growth factors that mediate gut homeostasis are controlled; and 3) How these signals regulate the ISC cell cycle. Established genetic and cell biological methods will be applied, supported by molecular assays (microarrays, qPCR, ChIP/Seq) of gene control. New pathways of ISC control will be discovered via comprehensive genetic screens using transgenic RNAi and gene over-expression. In vitro culture of ISCs will be developed and used for live imaging and molecular analysis of the mechanisms controlling ISC proliferation and differentiation. These studies should elaborate a paradigm explaining intestinal homeostasis in flies that can guide studies in mammals, eventually contributing to the diagnosis and treatment for diseases in which gut homeostasis is disrupted, such as colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. Because stem cell biology is so highly relevant to wound healing, regeneration, cancer, aging and degenerative disease, this research could impact human health at many levels.

Keywords: cell proliferation,intestinal homeostasis,colon cancer,drosophila
Designed Plant Breeding by Control of Meiotic Recombination (COMREC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2493000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2493000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Agriculture depends on breeding. Breeders try to combining desirable and eliminating unfavourable traits of crop plants. Changes in genetic linkage are based on meiotic recombination. Although techniques for the transfer of single traits have been developed, resulting in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hardly any effort has been undertaken to control the exchange between parental genomes as such. By applying new molecular tools to control recombination the current project aims to establish a new kind of ¿designed¿ plant breeding. Thus, not only transfer or elimination of specific traits should become possible in a programmable way, but also the access to the complete gene pool of natural species and its widening by crossing in closely related species should become feasible. Suppression of recombination should result in an apomixis-like propagation of elite cultivars. Mainly two different levels of control will be addressed in the project: the induction of recombination at predefined specific sites in the genome and the regulation of the level of genome-wide exchange. For the former approach we will apply specifically tailored sequence-specific zinc-finger and meganucleases. Global changes should be achieved by modulating the expression of factors involved in the resolution of recombination intermediates. As the strategy relies on the exploitation of the natural mechanism of recombination, biotechnologically improved plants without transgenes will be obtained after outcrossing. Thus, public concerns raised by GMOs brought out in the field should be avoided. As recent technical improvements make the elucidation of genomic sequences possible at moderate cost and time requirements, the setup of ¿designed¿ breeding should become especially useful in the near future.

Keywords: meiosis,recombination,plant breeding
Robustness of The Web of Life in the Face of Global Change (WEBOFLIFE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Evolutionary, population and environmental biology
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1700000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1700000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Recent work on complex networks has provided a theoretical framework to unravel the structure of the Web of Life. Yet, we still know little on the implications of network architecture for the robustness of beneficial network services such as pollination of crop plants. In this proposal, I intend to move beyond current studies of global environmental change that have mainly focused on its consequences for the abundance, phenology, and geographic distributions of independent species, to embrace effects for the network of interactions among species. My strategy to tackle this overall goal is through a synthetic and interdisciplinary approach that combines theory, meta-analysis, and experiment. First, I will integrate a large dataset of ecological networks with phylogenies and life-history traits to simulate the rate and shape of loss of functional groups. Second, I will set up an experimental design to address how two important ecosystem services, pollination and control of insect pests, decline with network disassembly. Third, I will explore early-warning signals of network collapse that may predict the proximity of a critical threshold in the driving forces of global change. My approach can provide a starting point for assessing the community-wide consequences of the current biodiversity crisis.

Keywords: ecological networks,global environmental change
The fifth annual European Security Research Conference (SRC10)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Security
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2010-11-30
Duration (months): 9.0
Total project cost (EUR): 610500.0
EU funding (EUR): 220000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Since the beginning of the Seventh Framework Programme, Security is a new theme within the programme. Following the recommendations of the Commission’s European Security Research Advisory Board (ESRAB). The Directorate-General Enterprise and Industry co funds yearly the organisation of a Security Research Conference (SRC) which takes place in the country responsible for the Presidency of the EU, during the second half of the year. In 2010 the fifth edition of the SRC will be organized by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, and is scheduled from 22 to 24 September 2010 in Ostend. SRC10 will address different objectives and target groups from all European Member and Associated States as well as Third Countries. The event is expected to bring together +-1000 representatives from Research, Industry, European institutions, public authorities and other stakeholders with an interest in the security of Europe’s citizens. SRC10 will build upon the momentum of the Lisbon Treaty, creating new opportunities in the field of security. The event will have two focuses: a political one and a second focus on ‘delivery’ in the sense of new products and services by matching demand and supply. SRC10 will also communicate the results of FP7-research as well as inform on the upcoming calls. SRC10 will thus serve as a platform for exchange of ideas, potential cooperation and reconcilement of future activities on European and global level in the field of security research, technology and innovation. It will feed the long term thinking (horizon 2020).

Keywords: european security research conference ostend belgian presidency
Role of ncRNAs in Chromatin and Transcription (CRIPTON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2141469.8
EU funding (EUR): 2141469.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The human genome is highly transcribed, with over 90% of sequences contributing to the production of RNA. The function of the vast majority of these RNAs is unknown. Evidence over many years has revealed that transcription factors and chromatin regulators are associated with a variety of non-coding (nc)RNAs, but their function remains largely unknown. There are a few cases where a role has been ascribed for ncRNAs in transcription, but no clear mechanistic insight has been defined yet. We predict that many of the newly identified ncRNAs emanating from the genome will play a role in transcriptional processes. We intend to identify and characterise such ncRNAs. This will take place in two phases. In the first phase we will use biochemical approaches to identify ncRNAs involved in the regulation of chromatin and transcription. Our investigations will focus on proteins leading to the induction of pluripotency and oncogenesis. ncRNAs associated with such proteins will be identified using targeted screens. In the second phase, the importance of these RNAs in determining pluripotency and oncogenesis will be analysed. In addition, a variety of molecular approaches will be used to investigate the mechanism by which these ncRNAs regulate the function of the proteins or complexes they associate with. One particular hypothesis we will explore is that such ncRNAs play a role in guiding proteins to DNA sequences, via the formation of RNA/DNA triplexes. This concerted and focused analysis will provide mechanistic insights into the functions of ncRNAs in transcriptional regulation and validate their role in key biological processes. The identification of such new ncRNA-regulated pathways may open up new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Keywords: transcription
Tracking and Targeting a T-DNA Vector for Precise Engineering of Plant Genomes (TRACTAR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1958408.0
EU funding (EUR): 1958408.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

DNA introduced into a cell usually integrates, if at all, at random in the genome. In order for gene targeting to take place, a small vector must scan a huge genome that is packaged in chromatin, identify and bind the target, and engage in strand exchange. This formidable task is likely to be rate limiting. Our goal is to study the process of genome scanning by the vector, to track it from the time of transformation through genome integration and to assist the vector to identify the homologous target. Our tools are particle imaging and tracking, molecular analysis of integration events, and manipulation of the integration process through protein recognition chemistry. Two main approaches will be used to assist homologous integration: first, by protein bridging (proteins that would bind both target and vector), and second by chromatin remodeling. Second, we propose to analyze the connection between chromatin structure and DNA integration. We will analyze how nucleosome positioning affects patterns of DNA integration. In addition, we will stimulate chromatin remodeling in an attempt to facilitate target invasion by the incoming vector. Parallel assays will be built upon fluorescence and genetic markers to correlate between the mode of search and integration per se. The interdisciplinary use of biophysics, genetics, and computational tools opens the prospect to better understand and manipulate the fundamental mechanisms involved in DNA mobility, plant transformation, and gene targeting.

Keywords: gene targeting,homologous recombination,agrobacterium transformation,single molecule imaging,particle tracking,plant sciences