Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Imaging light evoked activity at different strata of the mammalian retina (RETACTIVITYIMAGING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2010-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187659.55
EU funding (EUR): 187659.55
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The mammalian visual system analyzes the world through a set of separate spatio-temporal channels. The organization of these channels begins in the retina where the precise laminations of both the axon terminals of bipolar cells and the dendritic arbors of ganglion cells form a vertical stack of neural strata at the inner plexiform layer. A major challenge is to understand how the different "visual features" extracted by different retinal ganglion cell types are computed by each, ganglion cell type specific, circuitry at different depths in the inner plexiform layer. My specific research aim is to use in vivo electroporated, genetically encoded fluorescent activity reporters in subtypes of inner retinal cells to image in real-time the patterns of light evoked activity at the dendritic or axonal processes of the labeled cells using two-photon microscopy. My goal is to understand the "rules" of local activities in different strata of the mammalian inner retina.

Keywords: neurobiology,biomedical engineering,image processing,computational biology
A Nonlinear Stability Framework for Interfacial Wave Dynamics (PSE2PHASE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161792.99
EU funding (EUR): 161792.99
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this proposal we outline a framework for studying interfacial wave dynamics between gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flows using the nonlinear Parabolized Stability Equations (PSE). Previous studies have shown that the nonlinear PSE is an efficient and accurate method for modeling convectively traveling disturbance waves in a slowly evolving mean flow. By combining the PSE approach with an appropriate level set technique, the method can then track the growth and evolution of interfacial waves in two phase flows. The envisaged PSE framework is superior to the linear stability approach because it incorporates the effects of nonlinear mean flows, finite interfacial deformations, and nonlinear modal interactions. In addition, the streamwise marching based solution procedure in the proposed PSE-level set method is also more computationally efficient when compared to higher fidelity Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS). The proposed framework will be applied to a variety of two phase flow problems, including problems of both fundamental and practical importance. In order to validate the method, the PSE-level set framework will be tested on the canonical Kelvin-Helmholtz shear flow instability, and the results compared with linear stability and DNS calculations. Once verified, the approach will be applied to various challenging problems, including the capillary wave breakup of liquid jets, liquid film instabilities in annular two phase flow, wind-ocean interactions in geophysical flows, and bypass transition phenomena in two phase boundary layers.

Keywords: fluid dynamics,multiphase flow,interfacial waves
Non perturbative effects in gauge and string theories (NPEGST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2011-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223439.26
EU funding (EUR): 223439.26
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ultimate goal of any theory describing nature is to be able to predict, on the basis of few assumptions, the behaviour of its components. Quantum field theory has enjoyed great success in this respect. The quantity which describes the behaviour of the components of the theory is called scattering amplitude: it describes the effect of the interaction of a subset of the components of the system with the rest of it. This interaction depends crucially on a parameter of the theory, the coupling constant, whose magnitude may vary with the energy. The quantum field theory of our interest is the Standard Model of particle physics, the theory which describes the behaviour of protons, neutrons, quarks, photons, leptons and massive gauge bosons. The coupling constant of the theory is small for a wide range of energies. In this regime there is a very efficient computational tool, called perturbation theory, which have proved successful both at the theoretical level, allowing for many interesting computations, and at the experimental level where many of those computations have been measured. The opposite regime (large coupling constant) is called non-perturbative and very little is known about it mainly for the lack of computational tools to approach it. The aim of this project is to develop and use efficient mathematical tools to compute the relevant characteristics of a variant of the Standard Model, the Supersymmetric Standard Model a theory soon to be tested by the new European facility at CERN: the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In order to do so we plan to hire a top-class researcher from a third country who is a founder and an expert in the field of non perturbative techniques, in which European groups are already world-leaders. This will strengthen the relationship between our laboratory and the host institution of the researcher to be hired which is already under way since we have already hired (for two years) a younger researcher from that institution.

Keywords: quantum field theory,string theory,supersymmetric yang mills theory,instanton,moduli space,localization,d-branes,black holes
The genetic basis of an exaggerated sexual ornament in the stalk-eyed fly Teleopsis dalmanni (GENORN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-15
End date: 2010-05-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169390.93
EU funding (EUR): 169390.93
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Stalk-eyed flies have eyes displaced laterally from the head on elongate stalks in both sexes. Males have exaggerated eyespan and this trait functions as a sexual ornament. Evidence from the field and laboratory shows that females prefer to mate with males that have the largest eyespan. It is thought that male eyespan acts as a signal of male genetic quality, as this sexually exaggerated trait exhibits heightened condition dependent expression. Teleopsis dalmanni is emerging as one of the key model systems for studying sexual selection driven by female mate preference and features as a key species in many popular textbooks. We will use state-of-the-art molecular techniques to measure and map genetic variation in the stalk-eyed fly, T. dalmanni. Our goal is to map genetic variation in male eyespan of stalk-eyed flies across natural populations. We will initially concentrate on a population from the Gombak valley in Malaysia as this was the source for a laboratory based study of genetic variation. We will also investigate a distantly related population of T. dalmanni, to establish whether the same set of genetic loci contribute to genetic variation in eyespan in an evolutionarily divergent population. Finally, we will cross individuals from these two natural populations to establish which quantitative genetic loci have contributed to evolutionary divergence between populations.

Keywords: natural sciences,entomology,behavioural biology,evolutionary biology
Delivery of DVB content over wireless mesh networks (MESHTV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-22
End date: 2009-09-21
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183468.21
EU funding (EUR): 183468.21
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will focus on the problem of delivery of DVB services over large scale wireless mesh networks; in particular issues associated with video delivery. The problem is an interesting and timely problem as wireless mesh networks are only now developing the capacities required to make them realistic candidates for video delivery on any realistic scale. This can be largely attributed to increasing data rates of radio interfaces. There are a number of different aspects to the problem which will be investigated throughout the course of this project. Firstly, an analytical model of the scenario will be developed for a given network topology and user demand. The objective will be to determine the minimum set of DVB receivers that can satisfy the demand subject to some resource usage constraints. Heuristic approaches will be developed to solve this problem and once it has been solved, the members of the project will have a good understanding of how traffic demands, network topology and amount of receivers are related. Following this initial analytical work, a simulation based approach will be employed to determine how dynamic, distributed tree construction mechanisms can work in this context. This will involve devising a solution to the tree construction problem which will be informed by the earlier work (eg what sizes trees are typical, how they are distributed over different radio channels, etc). This tool will likely result in some iterations of the tree construction protocols for this case. Once the simulation-based work is complete, the members of the project will have a concrete proposal for the tree construction mechanisms. Then, they will be in a position to implement a system. This will be done on the wireless mesh network provided by the host. The work will be performed in conjunction with a suitably skilled intern. The work will involve design, implementation and test phases. Once complete, an analysis of the operation of the system will be done.

Keywords: networks beyond 3g,wireless systems
Protein interaction interference: linking chemical biology to short linear motifs (NETWORK MODULATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-05-26
End date: 2011-05-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178307.05
EU funding (EUR): 178307.05
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although our knowledge about the function of basic biological elements such as genes and proteins has grown considerably, we lack a comprehensive picture of how these elements act in coordination, and our ability to modulate their function is still limited. Here, I propose a global study of motif-mediated protein interactions that aims to find interactions that can be modulated by small molecules or peptides, and their roles in the organization of signaling pathways. I will use one of the best-understood eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for which several large-scale functional, interaction and chemical-genetic datasets are available. In addition, the genome sequences for more than a dozen of yeast species are largely complete. I will identify motif-mediated interactions using these proteomic and comparative data, and integrate them with large-scale chemical-genetic datasets to explore the correlations between genetic interactions and small molecules. I will test my predictions and study cellular pathways cross-talk using modelling and combinatorial protein interaction interference. With such a systematic approach, I aim to reveal the fundamental principles of how protein function can be modulated, and how these principles might carry over to vertebrates.

Keywords: protein linear motifs,protein-protein interactions,chemical-genetics,interaction modulation,signal transduction pathways,saccharomyces cerevisiae
Appendicularian houses fate and role in carbon sedimentation and nutrition of zooplankton (HOUSES FATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2010-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201356.7
EU funding (EUR): 201356.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Little is currently known about the mechanisms by which zooplankton could find and locate sinking particles in the marine pelagic environment. However this process is believe to be an important pathway in reducing the downward carbon flux in the ocean and could also be an important food supply for zooplankton organisms or fishes larvae. In pelagic Ocean, appendicularians are important producers of large sinking particles through the continuous secretion of mucous filtering structures named “the house”. However some indications that houses disappear during the sedimentation, the processes and rates of this degradation are nearly unknown. Here I propose a research program to investigate the rates and mechanisms of the predation and degradation of appendicularian houses linked with copepods, eels larvae or microbial activity alone. Specifically, I will address the following three objectives, 1) to identify and quantify the predator behaviour to track and find discarded houses in the water column (visual, mechanic or chemical trail perception). 2) Quantify the degradation rate of appendicularian houses in regards to the different predator types. 3) Quantify the growth rates of these predators with an appendicularian houses diet. These objectives will gives information on 1) the particles encountering rate in the field, 2) the reduction of the downward flux of matter in the ocean and 3) the importance of particles in the nutrition of predators and would give new perspectives for the culture of eels for commercial uses. The research will employ an integrated approach combining behavioural studies, cultures, and incubations experiments. Research proposed here will be one of the first attempts to identify and quantify these processes. The proposed research will increase the scientific excellence of the European research through development of a novel research theme at the host laboratory (DIFRES, Denmark) and initiation of international collaboration in the research field.

Keywords: natural sciences: marine ecology,zooplankton,carbon cycle,behavioural ecology,fish nutrition
Neurophysiological correlates of the anatomically discrete organization of the auditory nerve (NCAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165453.61
EU funding (EUR): 165453.61
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although the auditory nerve (AN) is one of the best studied sensory nerves, a neurophysiological correlate of its discrete anatomical organization remains to be demonstrated. This project seeks to find physiological correlates of this type of organization by recording from large populations of AN fibers in single animals, focused at a particular cochlear region and examining their responses for a quantal organization. An approach with dense sampling of individual nerves and with auditory stimuli to which neighboring inner hair cells have maximally distinctive responses will be used.

Keywords: neurophysiology,hearing,brain,neuroscience,neural coding,brain-machine interfaces
Directed Evolution in Femtolitre Microreactors - Exploring 'Promiscuity Space' (DEVMICRO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177173.03
EU funding (EUR): 177173.03
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ‘vastness of sequence space’, i.e. the extremely large number of possible permutations in even the smallest catalytic proteins, requires evolutionary shortcuts. In this project the candidate will interconvert members of a promiscuous catalytic superfamily into one anotehr and differentiate a multi-specific enzyme into mono-specific mutants. Ultimately it is hoped that directed evolution experiments will have implications for the definition of ‘phylogenetic relationships’ for catalysis. To this end the candidate will set up biochemical assays for hydrolytic reactions in small emulsion droplets (diameter: 2-20 um) and explore whether (i) these assays can be carried out in such in vitro compartemnts , (ii) whether it is possible to measure kinetics in these droplets oand (iii) carry out directed evolutino experiments with a sreening system of unprecedented capacity. In addition to tehse technical aspects, the candidate will also charcterise the mechanism of the wild type enzyme and its mutants.

Keywords: enzimology,pharmaceutical chemistry,catalytic promiscuity,directed evolution,reaction mechanism,dna libraries
Optical Studies of Type Ia and Type Ic Supenovae (DARK-GRB-SN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-06-20
End date: 2011-06-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 271348.45
EU funding (EUR): 271348.45
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the proposed research projects is to obtain early-time optical observations of nearby bright Type Ia and Type Ic Supernovae (SNe) and to perform detailed analysis of the collected observations. The main goals of the project are: i) to gain more insights into the physics and the progenitors of these SN types; ii) through detailed spectral analysis of selected normal SNe Ic to look for hints for the origin of the peculiar and more enegetic members of the class, the hypernovae, and their connection to the long Gamma-Ray Busrs (GRBs). Specifically, I will look into the question whether there is a continuum of objects from the ordinary SNe Ic to those connected to GRBs, or these are two separate classes of objects. iii) to understand why some SNe Ic produce GRBs and others don't; iv) through detailed studies of Type Ia SNe to achieve better understand and control the systematic uncertainties that currently limit use of Type Ia supernovae in cosmology. As a result, new basic knowledge about the observed properties and explosion mechanisms of SNe Ia and Ic, and hints to their progenitors will be created. The expected impact of our SN research is (i) to provide means for accurate measurement of the cosmological parameters with the ultimate goal to unveil the nature of the "dark energy" and ii) to help to unveil the origin of the link between the SNe Ic and the GRB, and possibly the physical mechanism responsible for the GRBs.

Keywords: supernovae,gamma-ray bust,cosmology,dark energy
Cross-layer Optimization for the Coexistence of Mobile and Wireless Networks Beyond 3G (OPTIMOBILE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2009-12-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183018.23
EU funding (EUR): 183018.23
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This Intra-European Fellowships proposal aims to boost the career of Fernando J. Velez through a research programme and a series of initiatives on next generation mobile networks in a context of coexistence to be developed in the Centre for Telecommunications Research / King’s College London. It will help him on gaining professional maturity, and having conditions to a fruitful reintegration in his original team and Institution in Portugal. Networks of the future are tending towards a diverse wireless networking world, where scenarios define that the end-user will be able to attain any service, at any time on effectively any network that is optimised for the application at hand resulting in “flexibility and choice” to enhance the quality of life of the individual, in a context of seamless interoperability between network operators and access technologies, complemented by a business exploitation strategy that adapts to future economic infrastructures. The economic vision targets a converged network and service infrastructure for communication, computing and media applications that will create new market opportunities for 3rd party service providers. The drive for ubiquitous, cost-effective communication in unison with new service provisioning opportunities provided the impetus for the OPTIMOBLE proposal. It intends to design, implement and demonstrate “cooperative networking and optimisation strategies” for next generation networks that will provide a significant step towards network convergence in a truly heterogeneous environment. Cooperative-common radio resource management strategies are considered, assisted by context-aware information for maximising network utility and QoS delivery, and by incorporating ad-hoc relaying and mesh networking mechanisms to ensure virtually collocated heterogeneous systems and coverage. These visions will be complemented by a business feasibility study, and will include innovative graphical cellular planning tools.

Keywords: technological sciences,telecommunications engineering,network tecnology,internet technology,terrestrial mobile technology,network interoperability,business strategies,cellular planning tools