Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and Predictability of the ENSO teleconnection to the Tropical North Atlantic (DPETNA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims at exploring the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) sea surface temperature (SST). The SST variability in the TNA region has been observed to affect weather and climate in surrounding areas, including European heat waves, tropical Atlantic hurricane activity, the West African monsoon, and rainfall over north-eastern Brazil. Fishery production in the subtropical Atlantic is, likewise, closely related to TNA SST anomalies. Hence, better understanding the predictability sources of the TNA SST variability is of major relevance, not only for the climate forecasting community but also for different socio-economic sectors. The scientific objective of this project is to advance understanding of the simulation and prediction of TNA SST at seasonal-to-interannual timescales. The main goals are to gain insight into the dynamical mechanisms at work, and to assess the ability of current seasonal forecast systems in representing the ENSO-TNA remote connection. Climate model deficiencies and biases, which lead to uncertainties in their forecasts, will also be addressed. Concrete plans for society outreach, enabling the impact and dissemination of results, will be undertaken in a targeted work-package. The novelties of this project are (i) the evaluation of a new teleconnection mechanism to explain the timing of the intertropical relationship, (ii) the assessment of the ENSO contribution to SST skill over the TNA region, and (iii) the use of the most complete set to date of operational seasonal forecast systems. The latter, in particular, ensures that the outcomes derived from this fellowship will contribute to meet users’ needs.

Keywords: enso,tropical atlantic variability,atmospheric teleconnection dynamics,seasonal forecasting,multi model ensemble hindcasts,model bias,outreach activities
Neural mechanisms of spectral context effects on auditory processing (AUDICON)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172800.0
EU funding (EUR): 172800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We perceive the outside world through different senses which we see as recording devices that provide us an accurate representation of reality. Nevertheless, how a sound is heard or a light is seen depends on the context in which they occur. How well we understand speech can greatly vary depending on the presence of other sounds. For instance, a single tone in a complex sound mixture can pop out if it is preceded by a sound with certain properties. This effect is thought to be fundamental in helping people to efficiently detect novelty in a stream of acoustical information. In other situations our perception can fool us, like when we hear sounds that are not there. Someone will perceive a phantom tone after having listened to a certain synthesized stimulus. This phenomenon is related to tinnitus -the perception of a permanent sound, a pathology that debilitates 2% of the population. While those effects are well documented in human psychology, where and how they originate in the brain is currently not known. Our goal is to perform in vivo intra-cellular recordings in the mammalian auditory system to seek the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of context in auditory processing. Beside the fundamental importance of relating perception to neural processing, this research could lead to a better understanding of the mechanism underlying tinnitus induction. Advancing the knowledge on brain processing is critical for European excellence. The results could serve medical research, a priority for the EU. The main research training objective is managing the challenging technique of patch clamp in vivo in which the host lab has expertise. This top-notch technique will complete the applicant’s scientific armentarium and make him very competitive in the multidisciplinary field of neuroscience. After this project the applicant will start his own team. The training objectives will thus focus on management and teaching/supervision skills.

Keywords: auditory system,contextual effects,dorsal cochlear nucleus
Genomic basis of convergent evolution in the Trinidadian Guppy (GUPPYCon)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1488763.0
EU funding (EUR): 1336582.63
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Many species have independently evolved similar phenotypes in response to similar environmental challenges. This phenomenon, termed convergent evolution, reflects both the power and the limits of adaptation. However, we often do not know at what scale evolution has repeated itself: did selection act on the same genes in different populations or species, or did convergence result from selection on different genes? This is because, until recently, it has not been possible to investigate the genomic basis of evolution in most systems, limiting our understanding of the factors that facilitate or inhibit convergence and adaptation. To fully understand convergent evolution we need to query the genomic response to selection and determine genotype-phenotype links in systems where convergent adaptation is well established. The Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata) is a system that offers the opportunity to test the roles of multiple factors in convergent evolution: this species includes multiple natural and experimentally established populations that have repeatedly evolved similar phenotypes under similar predation environments. I propose to fully characterize the genomic-basis of repeated adaptive evolution in guppies. Aim 1 will identify regions that repeatedly show signatures of selection, and will contrast the nature of selection in natural and experimental populations that differ in age and levels of founding genetic diversity. Aim 2 will identify genomic regions associated with phenotypes that are known to play a significant role in local adaptation in the guppy using quantitative genetics approaches. I will then directly test the effects of candidate genes using novel functional genomic approaches, as detailed in Aim 3. Overall, this project will test whether repeated selection led to convergence at the genomic level, determine the genetic basis of convergent adaptations, and ultimately understand how convergent evolution has occurred in an important wild system.

Keywords: evolution,adaptation,population genomics,quantitative genetics
The Game Changer Two Stage Micro Liquefaction Unit for (Bio) LNG (MLU250)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

EC through its Renewable Energy Directive mandates that 10% of the transport fuels in 2020 will come from renewable sources, focusing on a minimum 35% reduction of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Towards that direction, LNG and Bio-LNG are expected to play a pivotal role in Europe’s comprehensive renewable fuel strategy for the transition to a low-carbon transport sector. Micro (Bio) LNG (production capacity 0.1-30 tons/day) refers to its direct use of (Bio) LNG in its liquid form as a transport fuel, contrary to its traditional regasification and subsequent introduction into the gas grid. Nevertheless, currently liquefaction is part of an integrated big scale distribution system, taking place in large scale facilities. This kind of facilities is highly CAPEX intensive, require long realization time (up to 72 months) and are only profitable at large scale (min. 2000 Nm3/h inlet gas flow). Thus, the market demands small liquefaction systems able to fulfil the gap among big producers and small consumers. Current competitors (mainly EU based) offer different single stage liquefaction solutions which result either to lower conversion efficiencies, higher energy consumption or require considerable higher inlet gas flow (>500 Nm3/h) and use of consumables. We provide a proprietary Micro Liquefaction Unit - MLU250 - able to treat methane streams for producing LNG as clean fuel for transportation with the following key advantages over Micro-Liquefaction systems using natural cooling media: - Cost-efficiency: “Plug and play”, modularized set up with 25% lower investment needs and accelerated construction schedules. - Energy efficiency: Low energy use for feedgas liquefaction without liquid N2 use, being from 7% up to 64% more efficient than alternatives. - Operators can easily add capacity up to 25 tons/d with small modular units (250 Nm3/h). - Remote accessibility: Enables monetization of small (bio)gas plants, impossible until now.

Keywords: bio lng,micro liquefaction,biomethane
Geodynamics of the Central Mediterranean: A multidisciplinary investigation of the Sicily Channel region (GEOMED)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183473.28
EU funding (EUR): 183473.28
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this research proposal is to understand the evolution of plate margins when multiple tectonic processes (e.g. plate convergence, subduction, and backarc extension) interact within a small area (e.g. the Calabrian arc in the Central Mediterranean). These margins are prone to catastrophic earthquakes, tsunami and volcanic eruptions, and are all linked to long-term dynamic tectonic processes. Various models explain the evolution of these plate margins, however, lack detail on the extension and rifting that takes place along the arcs. The earthquakes in these areas have a strong dependence on their location along the arc, and hence in any effort aimed at mitigating seismic risk, it is crucial to have a complete understanding of how plate tectonics work when multiple tectonic processes act. We propose a multidisciplinary geophysical and geodynamic investigation of seismic data with additional physical constraints and analogue modelling to improve our understanding on this important aspect of plate tectonics. This will be accomplished by studying the Calabrian Arc, with a special attention on the Sicily Channel Rift Zone. We will incorporate the results into a regional analogue model to understand the nature and role of these processes, which can then be exported for studying other regions. This will allow us to characterise the evolution of plate margins along backarc systems in unprecedented detail, and to investigate the link between plate convergence, subduction, and backarc extension with the tectonics along and at the front of the arc, thus providing a new insight on the evolution of our planet. The study will ultimately contribute to the mitigation of seismic risk by improving the seismic hazard assessment of the countries affected. Some of these places are highly inhabited areas, home to millions of citizens, a destination to millions of tourists, and have strong commercial activity off shore.

Keywords: earthquakes,plate tectonics,seismic surface waves,seismic interferometry,seismic imaging,analogue modeling,geodynamics,mineral physics
DIFFERENCES – ARTISTIC RESEARCH IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU4ART_DIFFERENCES) (EU4ART_differences)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Science with and for Society
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Hungary,Latvia
Call: Support for the Research and Innovation Dimension of European Universities (Part I) (H2020-IBA-SwafS-Support-1-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999997.52
EU funding (EUR): 1999997.52
Participants: 5
Project status: SIGNED

This project, presented for H2020 from the EU4ART Alliance, is entitled "Differences". It aims to raise each partner’s research profile, to promote a high-level culture of artistic research with a focus on artistic processes and crafts, and to raise academic excellence and strengthen the cooperation of all alliance partners by focussing on differences as a source of future-oriented exchange and development. Our strategic vision is founded on two pillars through which the consortium will successfully achieve the proposed objectives: building artistic research labs and graduate schools, and knowledge transfer. The program is structured in working packages designed for the development and implementation of the project. The strategic objective of the working package “Fine Arts Lab Establishment” is to provide a methodological framework for the establishment of R&I centres. The main objective of the working package “R&I Agenda and Transfer to Citizens & Society” is to develop a common framework for an R&I agenda and action plans as well as to empower art practice and art research within society. The working package “The creative eco-system” focuses on the creation of a shared fine arts ecosystem where the main themes of producing and managing the arts’ potential are investigated and used for training. One working package is in charge of the project dissemination strategy and will identify and organise the activities to be performed to maximise the influence of the project and to promote exploitation of the project results. Each participating university, according to its societal context, will develop its own research unit that will become part of the shared doctoral and postgraduate research community. There is a strong horizontal exchange between the working packages in each university. The consortium has come together as a group for EU4ART.

Keywords: art practice,art research,research and innovation,outreach to society,dissemination,randi agenda,knowledge transfer,artistic research labs,alliance,artistic research community
Towards smarter means of production in European manufacturing SMEs through the use of the Internet of Things technologies (IoT4Industry)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Belgium,Belgium,France,France,France,France,United Kingdom
Call: Cluster facilitated projects for new industrial value chains (H2020-INNOSUP-01-2017-twoStage, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4973988.92
EU funding (EUR): 4852812.5
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The proportion of the manufacturing industry is currently decreasing in developed European countries’ GDP. Industry 4.0 - also called smart manufacturing, digital industry or industry of the future – provides several technological responses to the challenging competitive market. Indeed, the integration of the Internet of Things and related components - Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Digital Security, Cloud Computing and Big Data - in manufacturing SMEs will improve efficiency and flexibility in production and consumption. However, it requires a more integrated and cooperative approach due to the high interdisciplinarity which has been introduced. Above all, not all manufacturing companies, and in particular SMEs, have access to smarter means of production, due to costs and efforts in the integration and implementation, possible aversion or readiness to ICT technologies, and other obstacles related to cyber and physical security. The IoT4Industry project connects 3 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) clusters having strong competences in IoT with 4 Advanced Manufacturing clusters having access to tool manufacturers and manufacturing SMEs in order to encourage cross-border and cross-sectorial collaboration between SMEs from these two sectors. Starting from the analysis of needs in manufacturing SMEs from diverse sectors in Europe (aerospace, automotive, medicine, ...) on the one hand, and the IoT technology offer on the other hand, the project will put in place favourable framework conditions to enable matchmaking and encourage the creation of smarter manufacturing tools and their integration in manufacturing SMEs. A hundred of support cases involving SMEs corresponding to different development stages (feasibility, prototyping, demonstration) will be selected through a call for proposals to receive funding and support, in view of further developing this new industrial value chain in European SMEs and improve their competitiveness on the global stage.

Keywords: industry 4 0,smart manufacturing,clusters,smes
Terahertz Waveform Synthesis and Analysis Using Hybrid Photonic-Electronic Circuits (TeraSHAPE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-05-01
End date: 2024-01-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2498954.0
EU funding (EUR): 2498954.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Generation, detection, and processing of electromagnetic waveforms is one the most important tech-nical foundations of modern society. Digital signal processing, in particular, has revolutionized many areas of science and engineering. By exploiting massively parallel processing with tens of billions of transistors at comparatively low internal clock speed, CMOS circuits can provide output data rates of hundreds of gigabit per second, corresponding to effective clock rates of several hundred GHz. In contrast to that, the analog bandwidth of electronic circuits is much more difficult to scale due to limited switching speed of semiconductor devices, strongly increased transmission line losses at high frequencies, and the considerable complexity associated with high-speed circuit packaging and as-sembly. TeraSHAPE aims at overcoming these limitations by establishing the foundations of novel signal processing concepts at T-wave frequencies between 100 GHz and 1 THz. Capitalizing on cutting-edge results in the fields of photonic integration and optical frequency comb generation, TeraSHAPE will combine massively parallel processing in digital electronic circuits with synthesis and analysis of broadband waveforms in the optical domain. To convert waveforms between optical and T-wave frequencies, TeraSHAPE will explore novel concepts for ultra-fast devices such as silicon-organic hybrid electro-optic modulators and silicon-plasmonic photodetectors with bandwidths of hundreds of GHz. Advances on the device level will be complemented by scalable assembly concepts, where TeraSHAPE will exploit 3D printing on the micro- and nanoscale both for hybrid photonic integration and for realizing sub-mm THz waveguides. The viability of the TeraSHAPE concepts will be experimentally demonstrated in applications of high relevance such as high-speed wireless communications at data rates of up to 1 Tbit/s or signal processing in high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.

Keywords: integrated photonics,plasmonics,terahertz technology
Decoding dynamic chromatin signaling by single-molecule multiplex detection (chromo-SUMMIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Panel description: Analytical chemistry, chemical theory, physical chemistry/chemical physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999815.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999815.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Transient multivalent interactions are critical for biological processes such as signaling pathways controlling chromatin function. Chromatin, the nucleoprotein complex organizing the genome, is dynamically regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the chromatin fiber. Protein effectors interact with combinations of these PTMs through multivalent interactions, deposit novel PTMs, thereby propagate signaling cascades and remodel chromatin structure. To reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms, methods outside classical biochemistry are required, in particular due to the combinational complexity of chromatin PTMs and the transient supramolecular interactions crucial for their recognition. Here, we develop a novel approach, where we synthesize arrays of chemically defined designer chromatin fibers and use dynamic multiplex single-molecule imaging to dissect multivalent signaling processes in chromatin. Our studies target a key pathway, the DNA damage response (DDR), which regulates DNA repair processes central to cell survival and is critically implicated in cancer. Detailed knowledge is of utmost importance to develop targeted therapeutic interventions. We thus employ advanced peptide and protein chemistry to generate libraries of chromatin fibers of a defined PTM state that is encoded in the chromatin DNA. With the library immobilized in a flow cell, we use single-molecule detection to directly observe signaling processes by key DDR effectors in real time. Subsequent in situ polony decoding allows the identification of each chromatin fiber’s modification state, enabling broad sampling of signaling outcomes. Finally, we use dynamic computational models to integrate the effector-chromatin interaction network and test key mechanisms in cancer-based cell culture. Together, these methods will yield fundamental insight into chromatin and DDR signaling and will be of broad use for chemical and biomedical research with applications beyond the chromatin field.

Keywords: multivalency,peptide and protein synthesis,chromatin,nucleic acids,dna damage and repair