Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Effect of a program of short bouts of exercise on bone health in adolescents involved in different sports (PRO-BONE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Osteoporosis is a common health problem associated with high morbidity, mortality and economic costs in older people, and prevention remains the most effective approach. Exercise is an evidence-based approach because of its impact on bone development, maintenance and strength but not all forms of exercise appear to strengthen bone. Further research is therefore needed to explore the role of short bouts of weight bearing exercise, that are acceptable to and feasible for adolescents, to supplement involvement in non-osteogenic activities. Plyometric jump training has been suggested as such exercise but the effects on adolescent bone health and associated metabolic processes have not been rigorously assessed. The aim of project PRO-BONE is to therefore longitudinally assess bone health and its metabolism in adolescents engaged in osteogenic (football) and non-osteogenic (cycling and swimming) sports and then examine the effect of a short and inexpensive plyometric jump training programme on these outcomes. Eighty-four male adolescents (12-14 yr) will be recruited as follows: footballers (n=24), cyclists (n=24), swimmers (n=24) and controls (n=12). Footballers, cyclists and swimmers will be randomly assigned in 2 subgroups (e.g.: intervention cyclists and control cyclists). Only intervention groups will perform the plyometric jump training [9 months, ~10 min/day, 3 to 4 times/ week (depending on progression)]. Body composition, fitness, nutrition, physical activity, anthropometry and serum bone turnover will be measured. The benefits are associated with PRO-BONE are: early detection of poor bone health, improved bone mineralization development during growth and contribution to Gracia-Marco’s development and integration at Exeter. Research will be hosted at the research-intensive University of Exeter (UK), in the Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre (recognised for its international excellence), where Gracia-Marco is in a permanent full-time post as a Lecturer

Keywords: bone mass,bone mineral content,bone mineral density,adolescents,plyometric jump training,intervention,cyclists,swimmers,footballers,bouts,jumps
Transient-Sky (TRANSIENT-SKY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Astronomical transients provide a unique opportunity for probing the fundamental physics at work in compact objects by studying their behavior in both the spectral and temporal domains. Transient sources are often accompanied with collimated outflows, namely jets. These are seen in many different objects, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), black hole X-ray binaries (XRBs) and tidal disruption events (TDEs). Despite decades of research, the answers to several fundamental questions remain unknown. These include: (I) Where and how are jets launched, accelerated and collimated? (II) What is the composition, magnetization, kinetic and radiative power of jets, and how are these related to the properties of the accretion disks? (III) What are the internal dynamics and physical conditions inside transient jets? Which sources fulfill the conditions that enable the acceleration of cosmic rays to ultra-high energies? The ultimate scientific goal of this proposal is to revolutionize our understanding of the transient sky by addressing these questions. For this task, I propose to build and implement several unique tools I have developed over the past years. I suggest three separate projects that address the above questions in different environments, in order to synergize the knowledge obtained. These include: (i) applying radiative tools with general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic simulations to examine the predicted observed signal; (ii) Study novel dynamical and radiative process in structured jets; and (iii) construct a new model for particle acceleration in relativistic shock waves which considers particle feedback on the dynamics. The results of these theoretical studies will be directly compared to current and future data across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, allowing us to understand the fundamental physics at work in nature.

Keywords: acceleration of particles,black hole physics,galaxies:active,gamma-ray:bursts,gamma rays: theory,methods:numerical,x-rays:binaries,plasmas,relativity,shock waves
Modeling International Cooperation Between States (MICBS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A project in Political Philosophy, utilizing Experimental Economics. Aimed at understanding and predicting international cooperation between states, and outlining the conditions under which international cooperation between states is made more and less likely. In order to model states as potential cooperators, we must understand whether and to what extent states possess the agency necessary to cooperative action. The first task of this project will be to investigate the largest group of persons possessing collective agency within the legal / political territory of the state. We generally talk as though the state is something of which we are members; I hope to be able to accommodate our ordinary talk by locating agency in a collective at least roughly similar to what we think of as 'the state'. In the best case, this will be the maximal group of those meeting a certain criterion, for example possessing citizenship or residency, identifying as a national of that state, being regularly engaged in voting and paying taxes. In the worst case, this will be the minimal group of those meeting a more restrictive condition, for example holding an official role within the executive of the state, or occupying the position of Head of State. Once it has been established where exactly agency lies in the group we commonly refer to as 'the state', it will be possible to start thinking about cooperative interactions between such agents, and to start theorizing about states responsibilities in the context of these cooperative interactions, and their members' roles and responsibilities as the constituents of states in these cooperative interactions. This will involve delineating what states' obligations mean for members (citizens, nationals), which is to say, what the 'translation' is between a large-scale collective obligation and the individual constituents' obligations which together comprise it. The project will shed new light on individuals' obligations as members of the state.

Keywords: cooperation,collective,states,nations,international,agency,modeling,experimental economics,identity,persistence,membership,action,constitution,group,joint,commitment,shared,relation
Through Understanding of Socioeconomic Metabolism towards Sustainability (THUNDER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this research project is to identify the link between environmental problems and their drivers. While production activities are responsible for most of the environmental impacts, they are ultimately driven by the final consumption of goods and services. This project will focus on further development of footprint indicators (indicators which assign environmental burden from the whole production chain to final consumers) by their integration into environmentally extended multiregional input-output analysis. Some indicators, such as human appropriation of net primary production, will be calculated from the consumer responsibility perspective for the first time and others, such as nitrogen footprint, will be for the first time integrated into a multi-regional input-output framework. A consolidated set of footprint indicators will be established for the most important environmental problems identified by other researchers. It will provide policy makers with evidence regarding environmental burdens abroad induced by domestic consumption. The set of footprint indicators will help them to measure progress in environmental areas and set up policy goals. A set of footprint indicators is necessary in order to avoid shifting environmental burden from one region to another and across environmental areas. This interdisciplinary project bridges economics and natural sciences and utilizes knowledge from both.

Keywords: industrial ecology,ecological economics,displacement,international trade,input-output analysis,environmental footprint,indicator,land use,biodiversity,ecosystems,carbon footprint
Fear Conditioning and Extinction in Anxious Youth: Identifying Neuro-cognitive Abnormalities and Their Relation to Pediatric Anxiety Treatment Outcomes (ERBT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Anxiety disorders are the most common pediatric psychopathology. Despite therapeutic advances, treatment-resistance remains high, and progress towards early detection of at-risk populations has hindered. The proposed research aims to address this problem by targeting information-processing functions, specifically fear learning and extinction, in an effort to link pediatric anxiety to dysfunction in cognitive mechanisms and the underlying perturbed fear circuits. Study 1 will examine differences in fear learning, extinction and extinction recall in anxious and non-anxious children. Participants will complete a novel fear condition- extinction task in the psychophysiology laboratory. Several weeks later, they will undergo fMRI scanning probing two distinctive processes: threat memory and threat appraisal. Since such deficient extinction occurs only in symptomatic individuals, it may provide a novel therapeutic target. Study 2 will demonstrate the therapeutic relevance by examining a link between impairments in extinction learning and exposure treatment outcomes. Exposure therapy is one of the most effective interventions for anxiety disorders. This intervention relies heavily on extinction learning principles and may produce beneficial effects by altering function in ventro-medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Study 2 will assess vmPFC function in anxious adolescents prior to exposure therapy. A reduced vmPFC activation pre-exposure intervention is expected to predict a stronger response to exposure intervention, thereby moderating treatment outcome. The proposed study extends innovative translational work in animals and humans by examining specific neuro-cognitive mechanisms associated with pediatric anxiety. This study will yield clinically important data, which could ultimately advance early diagnosis of children at-risk for anxiety and improve treatment.

Keywords: pediatric anxiety,fear conditioning,fear extinction,exposure therapy,fmri
Multifunctional Polymeric Nanomicelles Combat Tumor Evasion in Antiangiogenic Cancer Therapy (ANTI-ANGIOGENIC DRUG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Angiogenesis a major contributor to tumor development and metastases. Formation of new blood vessels supports tumor proliferation and disease progression and is often associated with poor clinical prognosis. Recent advances targeting angiogenesis and inhibition of tumor neovascularization has led to the approval of several new antiangiogenic drugs for clinical use in many types of cancers. Yet despite promising potential, the efficacy of these treatments has been relatively limited. Additionally, as with chemotherapeutics, over time these therapies are associated with tumor resistance and escape. Antiangiogenic therapy (target-specific or broad spectrum) aims to eradicate the tumor by damaging its blood supply; as a result tumor tissue becomes hypoxic and, consequently, necrotic. By current clinical measure, this tissue death is considered a positive outcome; however it is recently discovered that the necrotic tissue in turn releases signals contributing to inflammation and angiogenesis, eventually initiating aggressive revascularization, overriding the foreseen beneficial effects of the antiangiogenic drug. For this grant, we propose to design a novel drug-delivery system based on multifunctional polymer nanomicelles which combine two small molecule drugs: one a potent antiangiogenic drug, and second which is an antagonist of these necrotic signals, combating the feed-back loop which can undermine the positive effects of therapy. Using this innovative approach, we intend to significantly improve cancer treatment by minimizing resistance to antiangiogenic drugs. This technology is based on our previous development of the PEG-PLA polymer conjugate of a small molecule angiostatic compound, TNP-470, which form nanomicelle with improved pharmacological properties compared with the free drug. By combining a second drug with distinct mechanism of action we will provide an important, clinically relevant tool, and a future platform for antiangiogenic or other drugs.

Keywords: angiogenesis,antiangiogenic therapy,tumor evasion,hmgb1,cancer,metap2,nanomedicine,polymer micelles,drug delivery,necrosis
The Development of Protein Cage-Based Inorganic Nano-Materials (resubmission) (NANOCAGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2017-10-18
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

Inorganic nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention as a result of their potential for a multitude of applications including those related to electronics and catalysis, and as part of sensors in medical diagnosis. Previously, we have described a new technique to generate gold nanoparticles inside the cavity of a ferritin cage protein by first forming a small nanocluster and using it as a seed for particle formation. Unlike previous techniques, this method does not require modification of the protein (e. g. engineering cysteine residues inside the cavity) and therefore has the potential to be used with any nanocage protein. This cage protein universality is a powerful aspect of our technology as the use of various cage proteins could provide synthetic vessels of different sizes and shapes, resulting in nanoparticles with different, and rationally defined, morphologies. Our method provides a second advantage in that the initial nanocluster could be used to seed other metals, resulting in protein-encapsulated, core-shell, dual-metal, nanoparticles. (These two advantages are exploited in Objective 1). Third, our method, by providing presumed universal flexible access to protein cages with different symmetries, sizes, and “handle” attachment sites, could provide, using the power and precision of molecular biology and advances in protein engineering, the opportunity to control the supra-assembly of the nanoparticles, and thus bridge the nano- and micro-scale through a “bottom-up” approach. (This third advantage is exploited in Objective 2) This extremely multi-disciplinary proposal, which marries molecular biology, protein engineering, and nanomaterials, aims to explore and expand upon the flexibility and advantages of our previous work by focusing on these three advantages to generate new hybrid materials.

Keywords: protein chemistry,biomaterials synthesis,nanomaterials,molecular biology and interactions,molecular architecture,biological chemistry,synthetic biology
Variational models of network formation and ion transport: applications to polyelectrolyte membranes (FUNCCAHNHILLIARDPNP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The functionalized Cahn-Hilliard energy is a phase-field characterization of an interfacial energy used to describe dynamics of amphiphilic network formation. We have successfully applied the functionalized Cahn-Hilliard energy to model the morphology of water nano-pore networks in ionomer membranes. The resulting morphology model was validated with experimental scattering data of Nafion, an ionomer membrane which is a critical component in fuel cells. It is natural to use, as a basis, the successful morphology model to study the effect of morphology on membrane performance, e.g., conductivity. The functionalized Cahn-Hilliard energy offers, however, only a phenomenological treatment of the electrostatic forces between the polymer and the water. Such a treatment effectively blocks important extensions of the model. The main goal of this proposal is the development, analysis, and simulation of continuum models which characterize amphiphilic network formation coupled to ion transport. Attaining this goal requires redeveloping key components of the functionalized Cahn-Hilliard model while operating on a wide range of scales, e.g., from the non-uniform water structure in a pore at the nanoscale to membrane conductivity at the macroscale. A key application of this proposal is to study conductivity and selectivity of ionomer membranes and their dependence upon morphology and ionic concentrations. The project is of clear interdisciplinary nature, merging problems, ideas and tools from Mathematics, material science, solution chemistry and soft matter physics. The design and performance of novel clean energy devices such as fuel cells, flow batteries, or organic solar cells critically depends on the optimized coupling between material nanostructure, electrostatics, charge transport and nanoflows. Any progress in the directions proposed above will open the way to robust phase-field models which can incorporate and couple these four effects.

Keywords: variational models,phase field,nanostructure,cahn hilliard,poisson-nernst-planck,dielectric constant,nafion,functionalized polymers,electrodiffusion
Single cell genomic profiling of renal cancer stem cells (SINGLECELLGENOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Complex biological systems such as a developing embryo, a regenerating tissue, or a tumor are composed of heterogeneous cell types. The complex behavior of these systems is often dominated by a minority cell population such as the embryonic stem cells in a developing organism or cancer stem cells in tumors. Thus, in order to properly understand development, tissue regeneration, and cancer, a single cell approach must be taken: the biological sample must be "dissected" into many individual cells and each single cell has to be characterized independently. In this study we will develop and apply high throughput genomic methods for measuring gene expression in hundreds of individual cells in order to characterize transcriptional heterogeneity in tissues and tumors. This approach will allow us to find unique markers to identify cancer stem cells, elucidate their interactions with other cell types in the tumor, and systematically discover key gene circuits responsible for their long-term survival, self-renewal, and proliferation. As a starting point, we will focus on Wilms’ tumor, which is a common pediatric renal malignancy.

Keywords: single cell genomics,qpcr,flow cytometry,microfluidics,cancer stem cells,regenerative medicine,kidney,wilms' tumor