Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
DO BEAVERS NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE ATLANTIC SALMON AND SEA TROUT RESOURCE? (SALMONDAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2017-03-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 241066.8
EU funding (EUR): 241066.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and sea trout (Salmo trutta) are an important economic, recreational, and ecological resource in the European Atlantic and Baltic seaboard, from northern Norway to Portugal. In economic terms, the worth of a single salmon and a single sea-trout has been assessed at €4273 and €593. The salmon and sea trout fishery on the River Spey alone contributes €13.5 million to household incomes annually. Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber), once largely extirpated in Europe, are now recolonising the salmon and sea trout range. Though beavers represent one of the major success stories of modern European conservation, their return to rivers holding economically and socially important salmon and sea trout resources is of concern because beaver dams can block fish movements, especially migrations to breeding grounds, and remove freshwater habitat. By altering the habitat use, survival, and growth of these fishes beavers may impact fish production. Although the potential for beavers to influence salmon and sea trout is very high, this phenomenon is largely unstudied in Europe leaving a knowledge gap for management of growing beaver populations. We propose to conduct a thorough study addressing this European scale knowledge gap based in Norway, through research and transfer of skills by an experienced N. American researcher which will create long-term collaborations. Norway is currently unique in having both an anadromous salmonid population of major economic and social importance, and a large Eurasian beaver population. The fellowship will bring a researcher at the forefront of her field (studying the impact of N. American beavers on Pacific salmon) to Europe, where many scientists will benefit from her knowledge of the field. This project is timely due to the continuing success of beaver recolonisation and extremely relevant due to the lack of data regarding the strong potential for beavers to impact important Atlantic salmon and sea trout fisheries.

Keywords: salmon,sea trout,resource management,beaver,conservation,rural economy,ecology
Employing the Cultural Broker in the Governance of Migration and Integration (BROKERING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 179137.2
EU funding (EUR): 179137.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project brings together a researcher with excellent knowledge in the fields of migration, NGOs, and diversity and a background in qualitative research methods with the substantial expertise of the host institution in transnationalism, grounded theory and comparative approaches in order to develop an innovative methodological and analytical framework to study the role of migrant employees as cultural brokers in the governance of migration and integration and to train the researcher’s skills in transnational multi-level comparative research. The governance of migration and integration is increasingly relegated from the state to (semi-)public institutions. Since the ‘crisis of multiculturalism’ new responses are searched for, ranging from resurgence to assimilationist perspectives focusing on integration and social cohesion to diversity politics, regarded as a ‘descendant’ of multiculturalism. This diversity paradigm combined with the realisation that the integration programmes developed by public institutions and NGOs needed to address the needs of a diverse client group, led to the increased recruitment of employees with a migrant background as social workers. This research project will investigate national and local integration discourses and regimes, as well as the reflections on work practices of managers and migrant employees who work for public and semi-public institutions that deliver 'integration services'. Austria, the Netherlands and the UK are selected as case studies because of their differing migration histories and policy regimes following Lachenmann’s conception of “comparing by contextualising”. Combining a governance perspective with the concept of the cultural broker, this cooperation will foster a novel approach in the study of the intersection of integration, migration and diversity regimes which provides building blocks for important future academic investigations and offers tools to policy makers in the fields of diversity and integration.

Keywords: migration,integration,diversity,ngos,public and semi-public sector,governance,cultural brokers,gender,multiculturalism
Data for Development: the implications of new types of digital data for international development (D4D)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-06-21
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175974.6
EU funding (EUR): 175974.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The current exponential increase in the use of digital communication technologies in low and middle income countries has the potential to make their citizens a rich mine of information about health interventions, human mobility, conflict and violence, technology adoption, communication dynamics and financial behaviour. However, the default mode is currently for this to happen without their informed consent or involvement, and without ethical and normative frameworks to ensure data protection or to weigh the risks against the benefits. This proposed research will explore the implications of ‘data for development' – the use of new types of digital data, for example from mobile phone traces or social media activity, to shape development interventions by governments and international institutions. The research is specifically concerned with how the availability of such data is drawing new actors and institutions into the field of international development; how development organisations are dealing with the ethics of privacy and data protection in this context, and how the potential benefits of knowing more about developing-country populations are being weighed against the risks of being able to track and identify individuals and groups. The research will take an ethnographic perspective focusing on three groups: the individuals producing the data, the organisations and institutions using it, and the policymakers and technology firms dealing with the technical and regulatory aspects of data production and storage. Through three case studies it will look at such issues as the framing of privacy in a developing-country context; models for participatory consent on the part of users; location-specific aspects of technology design and architectures, and the theoretical debates emerging around 'data for development' as a new facet of technology in the international development sphere.

Keywords: development data,big data
Opening the black box: Imaging microbial behaviour inside rock (MIRO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221154.6
EU funding (EUR): 221154.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ubiquity and diversity of microbes make them natural, cost effective and sustainable agents for driving a wide range of subsurface engineering and remediation technologies, such as CO2 sequestration, oil recovery, sealing rock for CO2 and nuclear waste storage, and erosion control. Yet, their implementation is limited because we know too little about i) how to inject the microbes to the precise location where they are needed, and once there, ii) how they behave. The subsurface is a black box. MIRO will open this box, using X-ray and electron nanotomography, to provide 3D movies of microbe - rock – fluid interactions. Nanoscale understanding is needed for predicting how to inject microbes for decontaminating aquifers and for enhancing oil recovery from reservoirs nearing the end of their productive lifetime. Researchers have already used X-ray tomography to visualize internal structures in single cells and the nanostructure of rocks. During MIRO, I will transfer this approach to biogeochemistry and add new length and time scales to the study of microbial processes in situ, inside rock pores. Strong industry links, provided by my host, and collaboration with scientists and engineers, who will test my developments at field scale, will ensure implementation. MIRO is a multidisciplinary project that builds on my background in biogeochemistry and will diversify my competencies in tomography, computational methods and additional nanoscale techniques. Being able to pioneer a whole new approach, and contribute to advancing Europe’s technology assets for solving imminent environmental, energy and engineering challenges, will open new collaborations and projects with leading scientists in academia and industry. The training, mentoring and support offered by my host, Prof. Susan Stipp and the Nano-Science Center in Copenhagen, will sharpen my competencies and further build the skills I need to become an independent scientist, ready for a permanent academic position.

Keywords: microbe - mineral interactions,microbial trapping,mobility and activity,porous media,microbially mediated technologies,x-ray and electron nanotomography,biomineralisation
Plant genetic determinants controlling arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal growth through the plant cell wall. (PLANTMYCCELLWALL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2018-09-14
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 265263.3
EU funding (EUR): 265263.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis has great potential in agriculture for the development of food and energy crops better equipped to cope with extreme environmental conditions and with less fertilizers requirement. PlantMYCcellWall intends, through an interdisciplinary research project using a combination of genetics, molecular, cell biology and biochemical approaches, a better understanding of the plant molecular basis regulating the AM symbiosis development. Despite significant advances in understanding the mechanism controlling the mycorrhizal symbiosis, we still do not really understand how plants influence the fungal growth through the plant cell wall, and how the AM fungus is able to cross the plant cell wall. Accordingly, the principles aims of PlantMYCcellWall, are to address a previously unexplored but timely area on plant cell wall modifications during AM symbiosis and on the plant genetic determinants and hormonal signaling that regulate the AM fungus growth through the plant cell wall. The recently described Brachypodium mycorrhizal plant interaction, presents an exclusively intracellular growth being crucial to aboard this research. In our endangered plant productivity environment, deciphering these mechanisms in Brachypodium plants will allow us to know if important European cereals crops as wheat and barley will benefit from the AM symbiosis in a more sustainable agriculture. Results obtained in PlantMYCcellWall will enhance the actual knowledge in AM symbiosis allowing a better use of soil resources with a better crop performance and will also provide valuable knowledge for the pathogenic community. By combining the different approaches proposed, PlantMYCcellWall will generate new knowledge that will open new avenues for the understanding of mechanisms controlling plants symbiosis and opening up new interesting fields of study of plant-microbe interactions.

Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis,brachypodium distachyon,plant cell wall modification,cellulose byosinthesis,plasmodesmata,germin-like protein,auxin.
Contribution of Compact Neighbourhoods to Social Sustainability (COMPACTABILITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-12-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research investigates how compact urban form can promote the social sustainability of intermediate neighbourhood areas in the major European cities which face socio-cultural challenges such as social segregation and cultural disintegration. Combining the three critical concepts of ‘neighbourhood development’, ‘compact urban form’, and ‘social sustainability’, the study sheds light on their interconnectivity, and thus provides practical recommendations to promote social sustainability for the neighbourhood level. Despite the fact that these concepts have been incorporated into European urban development policy, a remarkable gap in knowledge is observable: interdisciplinary comparative empirical surveys are needed to investigate their multifaceted aspects and discover the commonalities and differences between different contexts. The two cases of London and Berlin are considered as the case studies, due to the progressive initiatives they have developed with regard to the above-mentioned concepts. Employing a combined methodology including literature review, on-site investigations, interviews, and questionnaires, this research consists of four main stages. After studying the state of the art of the central questions, four neighbourhoods (two each) in intermediate urban areas of the case studies will be selected as field study areas (FSAs). A goal-oriented, multidisciplinary quantitative methodology will measure different indicators of ‘urban form’ and ‘social sustainability’ using progressive tools and indicator-indices (questionnaires). The findings will be scored and evaluated through statistical techniques to explore the interconnectivity of the indicators and their strengths and weaknesses. Ultimately, an Urban Form Enhancement Index will be provided for each FSA which includes recommendations and modifications the adoption of which will further the capacity of the given neighbourhood to serve as an effective structural unit and socially sustainable community.

Keywords: neighbourhood development,compact urban form,social sustainability,intermediate urban areas,europe,london,berlin
Clot formation as a potential diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (ADVASCULATURE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-15
End date: 2017-01-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Accumulating evidence links AD with vascular risk factors. These correlations, together with profound alterations of cerebrovascular structure and function present in AD, suggest a “vascular hypothesis”, where vascular pathology eventually leads to neurodegeneration and subsequent cognitive decline. A decrease in cerebral blood flow has been reported in AD patients and, moreover, a correlation between the level of cerebral hypoperfusion and the degree of dementia has been identified. Several pieces of evidence indicate that there is an increased obstruction of the cerebral blood vessels in the AD brain, that could strongly affect the overall cerebral circulation. For example, a significant reduction in the number of functional intracortical microvessels in aged AD mice has been described. Furthermore, in vivo clot formation experiments in AD mice showed not only that the AD brain is more prone to clot, but also once the clot has been formed it is more resistant to degradation. Also, the number of spontaneously stalled brain capillaries is significantly increased in AD mouse models, which can provoke an important decrease in the downstream cerebral blood flow. These obstructions in AD cerebral vessels could initiate and/or aggravate the brain hypoperfusion and inflammation present in the AD brain. Cerebral hypoperfusion seems to be a good indicative for dementia conversion, which suggests that the occlusion of vessels might be happening at very early stages of the disease, many years before the clinical manifestation of AD. Therefore, I propose to develop an in vivo noninvasive imaging method to identify these occlusions since it might prove a useful tool to identify patients at very early stages of the AD pathology. Also, I will analyze whether the use of new effective anticoagulants with lower risk of intracranial bleeding could be a potential therapeutic strategy as treatment for AD.

Keywords: alzheimer's disease,cardiovascular,clot formation,thrombosis,occlusion,blood vessels,cerebral vasculature,anticoagulant,cerebral blood flow,dementia,neurodegeneration
Development of an innovative supercritical fluid decellularization technology to produce advanced biocompatible scaffolds for complex musculoskeletal regeneration (DECELL BONE REGEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-11
End date: 2016-11-10
Duration (months): 27.0
Total project cost (EUR): 302841.35
EU funding (EUR): 302841.35
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The need for organs and tissues to treat end-stage organ failure and debilitating musculoskeletal conditions is a huge health requirement for Europe. Current treatments include organ transplants, bone grafts and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. Significant hurdles and limitations exist with all approaches: shortage of organ donors leads to patient mortality, autogenous bone grafts are often associated with pain and morbidity and allogeneic bone grafts can fail to vascularize and remodel. Existing use of scaffolds, cells and growth factors can also be problematic with worrying complications of negative host response, remodelling and rejection. A highly skilled UK researcher (Dr. Lisa White) with extensive experience in supercritical fluids will join the world leader in extracellular matrix materials (Dr. Steve Badylak at the University of Pittsburgh, USA) to gain unique skills in decellularization to collaboratively address these issues. In a pioneering step, an innovative supercritical fluid decellularization (SFD) technology will be developed. This SFD process will be utilized to decellularize whole organs to provide functional biological scaffolds with vascular networks, providing promise for whole organ engineering. Application of the SFD technology to bone will produce a powerful ex vivo model that will be utilized to provide essential information on cell response and healing. Finally, this ground-breaking SFD technology will produce advanced biologically compatible scaffolds for the regeneration of complex musculoskeletal defects.

Keywords: decellullarization,supercritical fluids,musculoskeletal,whole organs,bone regeneration
Impact of Gluten properties on Immune system and development of Food Allergy (IGIFA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 202405.8
EU funding (EUR): 202405.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Allergies are increasing continuously over the last 20 years and become a major public health problem. The industry modify food proteins with process which could affect food proteins properties and then deregulate their interaction with the immune system causing intolerance or allergies to newly created allergens or previously tolerated. Among human diet, wheat is one of the major food components and it is heavily modified during industrial food production. Wheat proteins are involved in induction of intolerance to gluten and food allergies and can be impacted by industrial food processes. The aims of the project IGIFA is to understand the impact of industrial process on the immune reaction development during food allergy. im 1: elucidating the effects of food processing on wheat proteins properties: Impact of processes on wheat features as well as their consequences on the development of immunity and physiopathology of allergy remains undetermined. We will determine the impact of heat, digestion and chemical modifications on proteins characteristics including solubility, aggregation state, particle size, biochemical and biological properties Aim 2: understanding the immune mechanism governing allergic reactions to food: The immune mechanisms involved in the development and regulation of a response to an allergen will be studied. Involvement of mast cells, basophils, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Th22 cell lineage during the sensitization and clinical phases will be analyzed. Thus, we will define how allergens properties affected by industrial processes impact on the immune mechanisms orchestrating the reaction to allergens. Aim 3: identifying how the transport of allergens across the intestinal epithelial barrier is affect by food proteins properties: We want to study the mechanisms underlying allergen recognition, trans-mucosal transport and presentation by antigen presenting cells during the early phase of sensitization to an allergen in culture systems.

Keywords: immunology,intestine,t cell,food protein,wheat,gliadin,mouse model,allergy,diet,flow cytometry,cytokine,mucosal immunology,cell culture,food characterisation.