Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Exceptional Materials via Ionic Liquids (EMIL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 999848.0
EU funding (EUR): 999848.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Novel and improved nanomaterials with luminescent properties shall be synthesized in ionic liquids (ILs). In this approach the advantages of ionic liquids in nanoparticles synthesis (high nucleation rate, excellent electrosteric nanoparticles (NP) stabilization, morphology control, tunable properties) shall be combined with two unconventional synthesis methods that again take advantage of unique IL properties to obtain unprecedented compounds. Using a completely new and unconventional approach by evaporating metals, intermetallic phases or metal oxides and fluorides under high vacuum (negligible vapour pressure, low flammabilitly of ILs!) into ionic liquids goes far beyond the state of art of nanoparticle synthesis and is expected to have a high technological impact and should offer a way to highly thermodynamically unstable reaction product. Secondly, microwave (MW) irradiation (high polarizability and conductivity of IL ions makes them excellent MW acceptors) of appropriate metal salt/IL solutions should not only lead to NP/IL systems but the reaction of two NP/IL solutions should again lead to otherwise non-accessible reaction products. In combination, new materials with improved properties will be gained. For example, ILs will improve the lifetime of luminescent rare earth (RE)-based systems due to the weaker covalent RE solvent interaction. Analysis and property determinations of the systems under investigation will involve a variety of aspects of chemistry, physics and materials science.

Keywords: nanochemistry,luminescence,thermoelectrics,magnetism
The Formation Histories of Galaxies (VESPA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The primary objective of this research project is to determine accurately the star formation and metallicity histories of individual galaxies to obtain further clues on the formation and evolution of galaxies. The main goal is to answer the following questions: how do galaxies with different star formation histories relate to their present environments? how is the inter-galactic medium enriched as a function of time? which galaxies produce most of the metals and in which environments do they live in? is "downsizing" a function of environment? are the host galaxies of supernova type Ia galaxies special? is there any correlation between the progenitor of type-Ia delay time and metallicity? Depending on the quality of the spectrum (wavelength coverage and signal-to-noise ratio) of the stellar populations of galaxies, some spectra contain more information than others about their past history. It is this information that will be accurately recovered. The PI group has developed MOPED, an algorithm that statistically recovers the star formation and metallicity histories of galaxies. They have also developed a new algorithm (VESPA) that determines for each individual galaxy how much information is possible to recover and recoveres it. They wish to use this new tool to recover the above information from galaxies.

Keywords: physical sciences
Design of a vaccine to immunize neonates against GBS infections through a durable maternal immune response (DEVANI)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Biotechnology, generic tools and medical technologies for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Belgium,Spain,Czechia,Germany,Bulgaria,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2007-A, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-01
End date: 2011-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5923577.0
EU funding (EUR): 4196460.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

Direct vaccination cannot prevent diseases that affect neonates in the first days of life. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the major cause of neonatal septicemia and meningitis affecting up to one in every thousand live births. Over 80% of cases occur in the first 7 days after birth and the remaining 20% of disease occurs between 8-90 days after birth. Studies carried out in the USA indicate that high titres of maternal antibody to GBS capsular polysaccharides (CPS) correlate with reduced risk of disease in neonates suggesting that maternal immunization may be an effective strategy for delivery of a protective immune response to the child in this early period. The overall objective of this proposal is to design immunization strategies capable of inducing strong durable and placentally transferable protective immune responses against GBS in women in order to fill this gap in early infancy when direct immunization is not possible. Starting with the genome sequence of 8 strains of GBS, Novartis scientists have identified three proteins that confer protection against lethal challenge in neonatal mice from immunized females. Combinations of CPS conjugates plus the recombinant proteins conferred protection against 12 of 12 GBS strains representing the major disease causing serotypes. In order to translate this research into a viable vaccine it will be necessary to identify appropriate adjuvant and delivery systems capable of inducing a protective response which will last through pregnancy. In order to select the serotypes of CPS to include in the vaccine, it will be necessary to understand the serotype distribution of GBS disease in Europe. Furthermore, an immune surrogate of protection will be required to replace efficacy trials. This proposal will address these issues by evaluating adjuvant and delivery in mouse models of disease and by analysis of maternal antibody levels and strain characteristics in cases versus controls obtained from several countries in Europe

Keywords: vaccine,streptococcus,newborns,passive immunisations
Occupational Health and Safety Economics (ECOSH)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Other Actions across the Health Theme
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Finland,Netherlands,Poland,Belgium
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2007-A, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 263438.8
EU funding (EUR): 210574.93
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

Occupational health and safety (OSH) of workers is at the heart of the production process. The economic dimension is therefore an important but not clearly defined aspect. The current projects objective is to clarify the economic dimension of OSH. It will bring together researchers and stakeholders and present the results of their discussions in the following three different international workshops. 1. The impact of OSH and OSH-interventions on productivity. It has been argued that OSH can have a big impact on productivity with large potential gains. We will focus on underpinning this statement with evidence and case-studies. In addition, we will improve the calculation of costs and benefits resulting from impact on productivity. 2. Economic evaluation of OSH-interventions. Economic evaluation has been elaborated for health care interventions as cost-effectiveness-analysis. In contrast to cost-benefit analyses in companies, it relies more heavily on evidence of effectiveness. We will combine both approaches, provide better tools for calculations and better integrate evidence of effectiveness. 3. Economic incentives for enhancing the uptake of preventive OSH-interventions. For these incentives, instruments such as taxes, subsidies, penalties or insurance-premiums are used. The workshop will give an overview of instruments and their effectiveness. All workshops will elaborate the topic of interest against the background of the changes in working life in Europe. The results will be reported on a website and in an scientific journal. The current proposal builds on previous work of the EU Agency for Safety and Health at Work and combines it with the latest findings from scientific research on effectiveness and economic evaluation of OSH interventions. In addition, the proposal focuses both on the problems of the old and the newly accessed member states. This is a novel approach from which we hope to bring forward the discussion on the economic dimension of OSH.

Keywords: occupational health and safety,economic evaluation,cost-benefit-analysis,cost-effectiveness-analysis,evidence
The role of the voltage-gated potassium channels and their modulators in mechanisms of plasticity underlying learning and memory in Drosophila (KV CHANNELS & MEMORY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-03
End date: 2011-09-02
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel are neuronal and allow the temporal encoding of information as spike trains in neural circuits. It is therefore important to investigate how each Kv channel is able to do this so that we can better understand how brains work and generate plastic behaviour. In addition genetic diseases (channelopathies) associated with epilepsy, migraine and dementia have been linked to specific mutations in Kv channels. Fundamental research into channels is essential because nearly a third of new therapeutic interventions target channels. Part of the reason for this is the diversity of channel types allowing a large number of targets each with relatively restricted expression and specific control of a particular excitable process. Modulation of Kv channels offers the opportunity to control conditions involving circuit level defects in excitability such as epilepsy, migraine, dementia and depression. Not surprisingly drugs of abuse target channels, therefore this research is hoped to give mechanistic insight into addiction. I wish to determine the role of Kv channels and modulators in mechanisms of plasticity underlying learning in the model system Drosophila. I will address this by genetically removing candidate Kv channels and determining the effect on learning and memory, which is thought to involve modulation of Kv channels. Any behavioural change will be correlated with changes in electrophysiological properties of the appropriate neuronal circuit. Genetic rescue will be used to confirm the role of a given Kv channel in learning and the correlated physiological parameter proposed to be varied by the channel. Changes in neuronal morphology of Kv channel mutant neurons will also be made. Experiments will be performed to determine which signaling molecules modulate Kv channels during learning. These studies may facilitate the future design of therapeutic interventions targeted to specific Kv channel subtypes to alleviate memory deficits.

Keywords: neurobiology,neurophysiology,behavioural biology,molecular genetics
European Consortium for Systematic Stem Cell Biology (EUROSYSTEM)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Switzerland,France,Italy,Netherlands,Netherlands,Austria,Germany,Sweden,Sweden,United Kingdom,Germany,France,Germany,Germany,United Kingdom,Germany
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2007-A, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 16087822.19
EU funding (EUR): 12000000.0
Participants: 25
Project status: CLOSED

EuroSyStem brings together elite European research teams to create a unique and world-leading programme in fundamental stem cell biology. By interconnecting complementary biological and computational expertise we will drive the generation of new knowledge on the characteristics of normal and abnormal stem cells. We will pave the way for application of systems methodology by measuring and modelling stem cell properties and behaviour. Information will be mined from studies in model organisms, but our primary focus is on the paradigmatic mammalian stem cells – haematopoietic, epithelial, neural and embryonic. We will compare cellular hierarchy, signalling, epigenetics, dysregulation, and plasticity. Niche dependence, asymmetric division, transcriptional circuitry and the decision between self-renewal and commitment are linked in a cross-cutting work package. A multidisciplinary approach combines transgenesis, real time imaging, multi-parameter flow cytometry, transcriptomics, RNA interference, proteomics and single cell methodologies. SMEs will contribute to the development of enhanced resolution quantitative technologies. A platform work package will provide new computational tools and database resources, enabling implementation of novel analytical and modelling approaches. EuroSyStem will engage with and provide a focal point for the European stem cell research community. The targeted collaborations within the EuroSyStem research project will be augmented by federating European research excellence in different tissues and organisms. We will organise annual symposia, training workshops, summer schools, networking and research opportunities to promote a flourishing basic stem cell research community. This network will foster interaction and synergy, accelerating progress to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of stem cell properties. In parallel EuroSyStem will develop WEB resources, educational and outreach materials for scientists and the lay community.

Keywords: stem cells
Host and microbial molecular dissection of pathogenesis and immunity in tuberculosis (HOMITB)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Sweden,United Kingdom,France,Italy,France,Belgium,Morocco,Germany
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2007-A, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3931510.0
EU funding (EUR): 2998251.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health problem. About half of the 10% of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected individuals develop overt clinical disease, do so within two years of primary infection. The remaining half of the TB patients, develop clinical disease later, owing to “reactivation” of pulmonary TB. Of importance, it is not understood why only 10% infected individuals develop active disease. In this project, we will investigate the molecular and cellular interactions between mycobacteria and host cells, and the regulation of such interactions by cellular immune responses. Such interactions dictate the outcome of infection, ranging from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening disease. For this purpose, we have established a consortium of experts in Genetics, Immunology, Microbiology and Paediatrics and a biotechnology company. We will dissect the molecular and cellular immune responses, combining mice models, and human patients. In both approaches, the responses of various host target cells regulating mycobacterial growth and the mycobacterial adaptation to different host cell responses to infection will be studied. The role of innate and adaptive immune responses in the control of mycobacterial growth and the regulation of inflammation will be studied as well. In addition, we will investigate such responses using a third model based on mice reconstituted de novo with human hematopoietic-derived cell lineages. Finally, targeted and genome-wide explorations will be employed in large familial samples to identify novel susceptibility genes involved in the immune control of primary M. tuberculosis infection and secondary pulmonary TB. The outcome of HOMITB will be an assessment of molecular and cellular interactions crucial for the design of novel vaccination, immunotherapeutic strategies and better diagnostic biomarkers. The feasibility of this programme is attested by the high scientific quality and remarkable complementarities of the participants.

Keywords: mycobacterium tuberculosis,latency,genetics,macrophage,dendritic cell,epithelial cells,microbial adaptation,interferons,humanized mice,socs
Von Neumann algebras, group actions and discrete quantum groups (VNALG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Von Neumann algebras, and more specifically II_1 factors, arise naturally in the study of countable groups and their actions on measure spaces. A central, but extremely hard problem is the classification of these von Neumann algebras in terms of their group/action data. Breakthrough results were recently obtained by Sorin Popa. I presented a combined treatment of these in my Bourbaki lecture notes. In a joint work of Popa and myself, this gave rise to the full classification of certain generalized Bernoulli II_1 factors. In a recent article of mine, it lead for the first time to a family of II_1 factors for which the fusion algebra of finite index bimodules could be entirely computed. Popa's methods open up a wealth of research opportunities. They bring within reach the solution of several long-standing open problems, that constitute the main objectives of the first part of this research proposal: complete descriptions of the finite index subfactor structure of certain II_1 factors, constructions of II_1 factors with a unique group measure space decomposition and computations of orbit equivalence invariants for actions of the free groups. Even approaching these problems would have been completely hopeless just a few years ago. Other constructions of von Neumann algebras arise in the theory of discrete quantum groups. The first rigidity results for quantum group actions on von Neumann algebras constitute the main objective of this second part of the research proposal. Finally, we aim to deal with another connection between quantum groups and operator algebras, through the study of non-commutative random walks and their boundaries. The main originality of this research proposal lies in the interaction between two branches of mathematics: operator algebras and quantum groups. This is clear for the second part of the project and occupies a central place in the first part through subfactor theory.

Keywords: von neumann algebras,ii_1 factors,subfactors,ergodic group actions,discrete quantum groups
How anxiety transforms human cognition: an Affective Neuroscience perspective (ANXIETY & COGNITION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 812985.97
EU funding (EUR): 812985.97
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Anxiety, a state of apprehension or fear, may provoke cognitive or behavioural disorders and eventually lead to serious medical illnesses. The high prevalence of anxiety disorders in our society sharply contrasts with the lack of clear factual knowledge about the corresponding brain mechanisms at the origin of this profound change in the appraisal of the environment. Little is known about how the psychopathological state of anxiety ultimately turns to a medical condition. The core of this proposal is to gain insight in the neural underpinnings of anxiety and disorders related to anxiety using modern human brain-imaging such as scalp EEG and fMRI. I propose to enlighten how anxiety transforms and shapes human cognition and what the neural correlates and time-course of this modulatory effect are. The primary innovation of this project is the systematic use scalp EEG and fMRI in human participants to better understand the neural mechanisms by which anxiety profoundly influences specific cognitive functions, in particular selective attention and decision-making. The goal of this proposal is to precisely determine the exact timing (using scalp EEG), location, size and extent (using fMRI) of anxiety-related modulations on selective attention and decision-making in the human brain. Here I propose to focus on these two specific processes, because they are likely to reveal selective effects of anxiety on human cognition and can thus serve as powerful models to better figure out how anxiety operates in the human brain. Another important aspect of this project is the fact I envision to help bridge the gap in Health Psychology between fundamental research and clinical practice by proposing alternative revalidation strategies for human adult subjects affected by anxiety-related disorders, which could directly exploit the neuro-scientific discoveries generated in this scientific project.

Keywords: anxiety,cognition,brain-imaging,attention,decision-making,eeg,fmri