Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Applied Physical Layer Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Encryption (APLOE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-16
End date: 2013-11-15
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 245448.05
EU funding (EUR): 245448.05
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Future telecommunication products promise increased data rates and signal quality, enabling the convergence of services including voice, data and video on wireless platforms. The majority of 4G systems, including LTE, employ OFDM modulation. For the success of these systems, a key, user-oriented requirement is security in the wireless transmission. Security in current wireless systems is achieved by cryptographic algorithms that are employed at upper layers of the network. Commonly encryption algorithms rely on – unproven – assumptions about the difficulty in solving certain mathematical problems. An increasing number of widespread encryption algorithms were recently compromised and proved inefficient for secure wireless transmission. Such issues prohibit the expansion of services such as secure mobile banking. On the other hand, it has been rigorously demonstrated that encryption at the physical layer can offer unconditional security. Physical layer encryption approaches are unbreakable, invoking perfect secrecy in the wireless transmission of data of any kind. The principal aim of this research program is to investigate a novel approach for physical layer encryption for systems that use OFDM modulation, termed Masked-OFDM (MOFDM). The proposed project is relevant to 4G wireless systems. The ultimate objective of this is work is to address theoretical, technical and practical aspects of the MOFDM systems. The means by which these aims will be achieved can be grouped into three main themes: 1. A thorough analysis of the signal properties and possible variations of MOFDM systems will be performed. 2. The development of realistic system scenarios will be investigated. The main issue to be addressed is the reduction of power consumption and therefore the prolongation of the device battery duration. Furthermore, synchronisation strategies are to be researched. 3. Finally, the proposal of practical designs for 4G systems is envisaged.

Keywords: technological sciences,ofdm,physical layer security,faster than nyquist signalling,wireless communications,mazo rate limit,symmetric key encryption,mofdm
Role of the PI3Kbeta isoform in signalling and cancer invasion. (PIKBETA/CANCER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-09-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209592.8
EU funding (EUR): 209592.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

PI 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate lipids in cell membranes which bind a variety of intracellular protein effectors, affecting their localization and/or activity. The PI3K signalling axis is one of the most frequently deregulated pathways in cancer. Mammals have 8 isoforms of PI3K, divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks consist of a p110 catalytic subunit (p110alpha, p110beta, p110delta and p110gamma) bound to a regulatory subunit. Recent work has revealed that PI3K isoforms have surprisingly distinct roles in biology. Compared to the other class I PI3Ks, the organismal role and signalling of p110beta is poorly understood. My preliminary data point to a new and unexpected role of p110beta isoform in the control of breast cancer invasion and endosomal functions. My hypothesis is that these two phenomena are interconnected. In this proposal, I seek to investigate the role and mechanism of action of p110beta in breast cancer cell invasion. I will determine effectors downstream of p110beta involved in the control of cancer cell shape, motility and invasion and unravel molecular details of how p110beta transmits signals in the cell, with a focus on endosomal biology in the context on cell invasion. This will be achieved combining both cell-based in vitro 3D-invasion techniques using p110beta-selective pharmacological inhibitors and in vivo models of cancer invasion using mice expressing an inactive p110beta. An siRNA screen as well and advanced techniques of microscopy, biochemistry and cell biology will be performed. The results of these studies have implications for the fundamental understanding of PI3K function and the use of PI3K isoform-selective inhibitors in cancer.

Keywords: health sciences-lipid kinase-cancer-cell signalling-therapeutics-invasion-endocytosis-cell motility
Towards targeting chemokine receptors CCR7 and CCRL1 to control the crossroads of tumor-host interactions. (CRITICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209592.8
EU funding (EUR): 209592.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Current immunotherapeutic strategies to combat cancer are hampered by the ability of tumors to escape immunity necessitating new mechanistic insights into underlying molecular and cellular processes. Through orchestrating complex cellular moves and determining the positioning of immune cells, chemokines govern both productive immune responses and their silencing. Chemokines signal through classical G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) but also bind atypical receptors (ACRs). ACRs modulate chemokine availability and create functional chemokine patterns by either degrading or transporting them. Besides their essential role in tumor immunity, GPCRs can be expressed by the tumor cells themselves and contribute to the formation of metastases, a major cause of death in cancer. Importantly, ACRs are also expressed in tumors but their role in tumor-host interactions is not clear. The aim of this project is to take a comprehensive look at the contribution to tumor-host interactions of a paradigmatic chemokine axis with pleiotropic involvement in induction and suppression of immunity and driving tumor metastasis. We will investigate the roles of CCL19 and CCL21, their GPCR, CCR7, and ACR, CCRL1, in regulating tumor progression and orchestrating anti-tumor immunity and its suppression, including in the setting of experimental tumor immunotherapy. The proposed work will entail studies of transplanted murine tumors with hosts and tumors having modified expression levels of chemokines, their GPCR and ACR as well as using models with disrupted function of specific immune cells. The host provides state of the art facilities and profound immunological expertise, whereas the applicant brings complementary competence in molecular biology and cancer and will be able to synergize in order to reach the research objectives. This work should lead to a better understanding of chemokine-driven tumor-host homeostasis and suggest novel ways to treat cancer and promote anti-tumor immunity.

Keywords: chemokines,immunity,tolerance,immunotherapy,cancer,metastasis,tumor microenvironment,genetically modified organisms
Agent-Oriented Distributed Data Mining using Computational Statistics (ADMIT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2014-07-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169863.2
EU funding (EUR): 169863.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Today's systems for managing critical infrastructure such as traffic, energy, or industry automation systems are highly complex, distributed, and increasingly decentralized. Multi-agent systems (MAS) provide an intuitive metaphor and configurable, robust and scalable methods for problem-solving and control in distributed, decentrally organized system. The purpose of Distributed Data Mining (DDM) is to provide algorithmic solutions for data analysis in a distributed manner to detect hidden patterns in data and extract knowledge necessary for decentralized decision making. A new promising area of research studies possibilities for coupling MAS and DDM by exploiting DDM methods for improving agents’ intelligence and MAS systems performance. In the ADMIT project we focus on methods for distributed estimation of parameters for the individual agents, agent communities, and application-level information models. Our approach is based on Computational statistics (CST), which includes a set of methods for approximate solution of statistical problems without complex statistical procedures. The goal of the ADMIT project is to develop an agent-oriented DDM framework, which includes a set of computationally effective, robust and easy to apply methods for models parameter estimation and allows easy incorporation into MAS applications to analyze models at different levels of MAS. The scientific research objectives of ADMIT are: 1. To develop a conceptual architecture of agent-oriented DDM framework as well as a methodology of its usage in the multiagent programming frameworks; 2. To develop a set of computationally effective and reliable to bad data quality CST-based DDM methods, for efficient estimation of the models parameters on the basis of distributed data as well as estimate the methods performance; 3. To access the impact of incorporation of the DDM framework to MAS-based applications (with the main focus on traffic and logistics domains).

Keywords: information technology,intelligent agents,computational statistics,decentralized systems,distributed data mining,regression models,classification,clustering,parametrization
Inhibition of VEGF signalling by dietary polyphenols as a plausible mechanism for their health benefits (VEGFENOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2013-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201049.6
EU funding (EUR): 201049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the single biggest cause of death worldwide and are particularly prevalent in westernised populations including Europe. Epidemiological evidence indicates that consumption of flavonoid-rich diets is associated with reduced CVD risk. In addition, recent systematic reviews of data from high quality clinical trials have shown that consumption of certain flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods significantly reduce CVD risk. There is huge potential for the development and marketing of flavonoid-rich foods that reduce CVD risk, and EFSA is reviewing hundreds of dossiers of evidence in support of such health claims. But, there is an almost complete lack of evidence of the mechanisms involved in vivo. This is largely because the majority of existing proposed mechanisms have not been shown to occur at the sub-micromolar concentrations observed in blood and tissues, and do not take account of extensive human metabolism of ingested flavonoids. The host research team have recently discovered that certain polyphenols that are present in red wine, strawberries and cocoa potently inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling in vascular endothelial cells at sub-micromolar concentrations. Because VEGF is pro-atherosclerotic, inhibition of VEGF signalling is a plausible mechanism to explain flavonoid-induced reductions in CVD risk The objectives of this project are to (i) determine the molecular basis of the inhibition of VEGF signalling by dietary polyphenols, (ii) examine the effect of human metabolism of polyphenols on the efficacy of VEGF signalling inhibition, and (iii) develop and validate an in vitro cellular model, involving intestinal metabolism and absorption processes, suitable for assessing the potential impact of ingested polyphenols on VEGF signalling. The project will provide a molecular understanding of a plausible mechanism by which dietary flavonoids can reduce CVD risk.

Keywords: dietary polyphenols,phenolics,human metabolism vascular endothelial growth factor,vegf,vascular endothelial cells,intestinal epithelial cells,cardiovascular disease,cvd
The effect of stellar magnetic activity on protoplanetary discs and exoplanet detection (ACTIVITY & PLANETS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 307970.0
EU funding (EUR): 307970.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many cool stars are born as rapid rotators, and therefore with a strong dynamo created magnetic field, which manifests itself as a high level of activity including strong flares and coronal mass ejections. This is the environment in which planets are formed, and it is therefore unavoidable that this activity has a significant impact on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. The phenomena caused by stellar activity can also have similar effects on stellar brightness and radial velocity as orbiting planets, making it at times difficult to distinguish between planets and activity signatures, especially when using radial velocity searches to find small Earth sized planets. Today we have a unique opportunity to address these points with the new upcoming European and global observational facilities (Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array and Stellar Observations Network Group). In this project we suggest two main lines of investigation: 1) Constructing a freely available database on expected effects of the activity on the detectability of the exoplanets using different methods. We will build a realistic model of activity patterns on different types of stars and using large range of stellar parameters. This model will be used to probe different activity cases, resulting in a database of activity patterns and likelihood of them mimicking different types of exoplanets. This will be crucial for detectability of small, Earth mass, planets using long-term radial velocity measurements with SONG. 2) Studying the effect of the stellar magnetic activity on the protoplanetary discs. By using mid-infrared and sub-millimetre observations of active and non-active young stars with discs a comparison of the disc properties in these two types of stars can be made. We will study the dust properties in the discs and investigate whether the additional heating from magnetic activity significantly changes the dust constitution, thus affecting the planet formation process.

Keywords: physical sciences,astrophysics,stellar magnetic activity,exoplanets,protoplanetary discs
Perception of Time during Action Preparation (ACTION AND TIME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-03-08
End date: 2014-03-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 210092.8
EU funding (EUR): 210092.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Expert baseball players commonly report that they feel the ball ‘slowing down’ when about to swing their bat. Their comments raise an interesting question of how humans perceive time prior to action, in other words, how motor preparatory activity effects on visual processing to change the subjective flow of time. Every daily event is associated with time, and we intuitively feel that we live on a constant and continuous time line. However, studies have revealed that physical temporal events and the perception of these events are not always matched. This counterintuitive nature of temporal perception has fascinated philosophers and scientists for centuries. Since humans are moving animals, perception of time must also be studied in an active situation. However, most studies relating temporal perception have, thus far, focused on static sensory processing and few studies have addressed how action can modulate an actor’s perception of time. The aim of this proposal is to understand the modulation of human temporal perception in an active context; focusing on the period when the brain is preparing for action. A series of behavioural and electrophysiological studies will be conducted to reveal the neuronal mechanism involved in this process. State-of-art machine learning algorithms will be used to analyze brain activity, and also a recently developed brain stimulation technique will be used to modulate brain activity, in order to elucidate the causal relationship between brain activity and temporal perception. The proposed research is expected to advance research in neurocognition of action, a distinctively European research field, by incorporating state-of-art research techniques. It will also facilitate interdisciplinary interaction between related fields (neuroscience, psychology, engineering and philosophy) within the European research community, and will contribute to building and maintaining connections between European and Japanese research communities.

Keywords: cognitive neuroscience,neurophysiology,neuroinformatics,machine learning,philosophy of science,time perception,action preparation,eeg,tacs
Optogenetic decomposition of inhibitory micro-circuits in the mouse V1 and S1 (INTERNEURONS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-02-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 236033.6
EU funding (EUR): 236033.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

GABAergic interneurons are known to play a central role in sensory processing, circuit plasticity in the developing cortex and several neurological disorders. However, the role of specific interneuron subtypes in the emergence of functional properties or in the modulation of spontaneous cortical dynamics is still unclear. In this project, we propose to study interneuron micro-circuits in two primary sensory areas of the mouse. Extensive work has emphasized the role of feedforward thalamo-cortical projections in the formation of orientation tuned cells in the primary visual cortex. However, the precise interplay between these afferent synaptic inputs and the participation of recurrent cortical connections is still largely debated. During the outgoing phase, we will use 2-photon calcium imaging together with fluorescent labeled interneurons and optogenetics technologies to dissect out, in the mouse V1, the specific role of two interneurons subtypes (parvalbumin- (PV+) and calretinin-expressing (CR+)) in the orientation tuning and the emergence of simple-like receptive fields in pyramidal cells. Recent works in the mouse barrel cortex have shown that different interneuron subtypes are correlated to animal behaviors in specific ways. The spiking activity of PV+ cells decreases when the mouse undergoes a transition from a resting state to a whisking behavior whereas other GABAergic cells increase their firing rate. We hypothesize that specific PV- interneurons play a central role in the filtering of sensory information during whisking whereas PV+ interneurons could participate in the emergence of slow oscillations that are present during quiet wakefulness. During the return phase of the project, techniques that have been applied during the outgoing phase will be used to address these questions. This work would provide detailed micro-circuit models of mice V1 and S1 superficial layers responsible for the emergence and modulation of pyramidal cells sensory responses.

Keywords: interneurons,primary visual cortex,barrel cortex,optogenetics,2-photon calcium imaging,cortical micro-circuits,state-dependent processing
Multi-scale biomechanical modelling and simulation of the intervertebral disc (DISCSIM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-04-02
End date: 2014-04-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 252659.0
EU funding (EUR): 252659.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Computational mechanics techniques have revolutionised the design and analysis of engineered structures. The emerging field of Computational Biomechanics (CB) applies these techniques to study biological structures and systems. A key advantage of CB is the ability to predict physical quantities (such as flow and deformation) over a range of length and timescales in biological tissues, whereas such quantities are difficult or impossible to measure experimentally in living organisms. This project will develop multiscale CB approaches to analyse the largest avascular structure in the human body, the intervertebral disc. The intervertebral disc is subjected to large deformations during spinal motion, withstands transient loads of up to 9 times body weight during rigorous physical activity, and due to its lack of blood supply, its nutrient supply is provided by fluid-borne diffusion through the disc tissues from the adjacent vertebral bodies. A multiscale model of the intervertebral disc will substantially advance the study of disc mechanics by linking whole disc loading and deformation to the mechanical microenvironment experienced by cells embedded within the disc tissue. This approach promises new insights into tissue repair and remodelling in healthy discs, into tissue damage and cell death in degenerate discs, and in predicting disc response to emerging treatments such as annular repair and nucleus replacement.

Keywords: computational mechanics,computational biomechanics,intervertebral disc,multiscale modelling,spine biomechanics,disc degeneration,biomechanical modelling and simulation