Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Visualizing ancient urban networks (URBANETWORKS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223778.4
EU funding (EUR): 223778.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research builds on the 3 fields of classical archaeology, urban studies and computer applications in archaeology. It is innovative in that it will: -offer a new approach to the study of urbanism in the Hellenistic period by focusing on social and economic changes at the micro-level of the city and addressing their relation to the overall urban form. -provide a model for computer applications in archaeological research by using quantitative methods and statistical analysis tools to study the forces that shaped urban form over time. The project focuses on the residential neighbourhoods of late Hellenistic Delos to address the ties between economic change and urban growth. By analysing the urban development of late Hellenistic Delos in relation to economic activities, public administration and private initiatives, the project examines these neighbourhoods as microcosms of the broader developments that the island underwent during this period, when the island became a commercial base connecting the eastern and western Mediterranean. The urban form of Delos was not the result of a single planning initiative but of consecutive decisions and actions of both private and public sectors. As this obvious fact often gets lost in the specialized analyses of ancient cities, the project will develop a 3D model of Delos presenting the built environment and systematizing as well as analysing the complexity of information from dedicatory inscriptions of public buildings that allow studying the impact of private and public initiatives on the urban fabric. The model will tackle the multilayered processes of urban growth over time by individualizing and highlighting the forces that shaped urban form as well as inventing and visualizing counterfactual urban narratives. In this way, the project will offer an alternative model for approaching Greek and Roman cities and at the same time contribute to the development of computer applications for the study of ancient urbanism.

Keywords: s401 archaeology,s301 classics,s403 ancient history - ancient cultures,ancient urbanism,hellenistic period,delos,computer applications in archaeology
Testing the limits and potential of evolution in response to climate change (CLIMADAPT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

BACKGROUND: Predicting the consequences of rapid environmental change for biodiversity is a critical global issue. However, we lack data on how quickly populations will evolve to escape extinction. Such evolution is especially important to specialist organisms that depend on other species as hosts or prey. Understanding limits to adaptation depends on knowing how genetic variation affects the fitness of organisms in natural habitats rather than the lab. Recent advances in genomic technology finally make this possible. OBJECTIVE: I will exploit these novel technologies and integrate them with fitness assays in ecological experiments to explore recent evolution in the Brown Argus butterfly. By linking genome-wide variation with individual fitness and population ecology, I will investigate the nature of genetic variation underpinning ecologically important traits such as host plant preference and fecundity, and the role this variation plays in shaping adaptive population divergence across the northward expanding range in the UK. STRATEGY: My research and training will be guided by world-leading researchers with expertise in: evolution at species’ margins; the generation and analysis of large-scale genomic data; and using such data to infer the ecological context in which evolution occurred. This fellowship will take the Brown Argus system forward as a model to study adaptation to climate change. The impact of my research on policy will be maximised by exposure to Bristol’s world-class environment for engagement with industry and the public LONG-TERM RELEVANCE: Developing expertise in genomics is critical to take my science forward; researchers with such skills are also in high demand. Expert mentoring at Bristol will boost my development as an independent PI, placing me in an ideal position for fellowship applications. By testing key predictions from theory using real populations, the project will also make an important contribution to EU scientific excellence.

Keywords: adaptation,climate change,evolution,range expansion,life history,fitness,candidate genes,genomic variation,butterflies
The functional role of feedback signals to mouse primary visual cortex (FEEDBACKMOUSEVISION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Vision is fundamentally important in our daily lives, and 25% of our brain is devoted to it. Information from the eyes is quickly relayed to the primary visual cortex (V1), where neurons detect elementary features of images such as the orientation of edges within small regions of visual space. However, V1 neurons are not governed by feedforward input alone, but also receive extensive feedback projections from downstream visual areas. Despite their importance in vision, the function of feedback signals has remained elusive, although multiple roles have been suggested. Feedback could account for contextual modulation of neural responses or explain attentional enhancement of responses to behaviourally relevant stimuli. Direct evidence supporting these roles is lacking, largely due to methodological limitations. We propose to take advantage of new imaging and genetic methods that allow for the first time direct measurement of feedback signals. We will inject genetically encoded calcium indicators in secondary visual areas in mice to label axons and synaptic boutons of neurons projecting back to V1. We will then measure the activity of feedback projections with synapse resolution using high-speed two-photon calcium imaging during different behavioural states to establish the functional role of feedback. Specifically, we will determine what information is fed back to V1 by identified axons from functionally defined visual areas during passive and active viewing, during locomotion or navigation. Our results will provide fundamental information about the functional role of feedback signals during visual processing, and will be of great interest to a wide neuroscience audience, including neurophysiologists, psychologists, and computational scientists. Understanding the mechanisms by which feedback shapes responses to sensory input, will benefit our understanding of disorders with deficiencies in the filtering of incoming sensory information such as ADHD and schizophrenia.

Keywords: l509 systems neuroscience,l504 sensory systems,l507 cognition,l806 animal behaviour
Social Dynamics in Urban Residential Neighbourhoods. The Cases of Estonian and Swedish Cities (SOCURB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2017-09-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 275138.8
EU funding (EUR): 275138.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In many European countries extensive welfare provisions have significantly declined since the 1980s/90s. The de-regulation and marketisation processes have been especially remarkable in the Central and East-European post-socialist countries. These processes have affected growing social disparities, and have often also caused the growth of socio-spatial disparities between urban neighbourhoods. Since such disparities tend to affect social integration and cohesion in societies, many countries have developed area-based social mixing policies to counteract the negative effects of such neo-liberal policy turn. Underlying these policies is the premise that the mixed population composition in neighbourhoods would enhance the living conditions and life-chances of lower income groups and ethnic minorities – thus leading to better social cohesion. Provision of mixed tenure and housing types would help to achieve this goal. However, the outcomes of such policy interventions do not always lead to population mix and socio-spatial integration. The overall goal of the current research project is to contribute to finding the best balance between the need to increase economic competitiveness and cope with public sector cuts and the need for building integrated, inclusive and stable urban communities. In order to achieve this, the links between urban policies and institutional changes, and the residential dynamics in urban neighbourhoods will be explored. Comparative research will be based on cities in Sweden and Estonia, and inner-city neighbourhoods and post-war housing estates will be the main research focus. Census and longitudinal register data will be used in modelling to find out which micro- and aggregate-level factors influence residential dynamics in neighbourhoods, and how residential mobility contributes to this. Impacts of area-based policies on people’s residential careers will also be investigated. Finally, also, practical recommendations will be made.

Keywords: cities,urban neighbourhoods,residential segregation,residential mobility,neo-liberalisation,area-based urban policies,socio-spatial mix,comparative research
PROTEOMICS AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF FISH ALLERGY (FISH ALLERGOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Food allergy is considered one of the major concerns in food safety. The prevalence of this type of IgE-mediated allergy has been increasing during the last two decades (6-8% of children/2-4% of adults). Fish is one of the most frequent causes of this type of allergy. The symptoms appear within 60 min of exposure and include acute urticaria, nauseas, wheezing and asthma. In the most severe cases, anaphylaxis shocks can potentially life threatening. To guarantee consumers security, a number of regulations in terms of food allergy have been implemented (Directive 2007/68/EC). In addition, the recent scientific opinion of the European Food Safety Authority recognized the current high risk throughout the world and identified the necessity of developing new methods to detect, monitor and control this problem. In this sense, Fish Allergomics is an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary project, where the Advanced Proteomics and Proteomics-based Systems Biology approaches, will be apply to guarantee the safety to the consumers in terms of fish allergy. Three main directions/applications will be performed: - Food Safety Control (Targeted Proteomics) - Immunotherapy (Peptidomics and De Novo MS sequencing) - In Silico model of fish allergy (Proteomics-based Systems Biology) The combination of these three goals will provide: (i) a valuable method for the control authorities and food industry to guarantee the safety to the consumers, (ii) reliable information for the design of new synthetic peptide-vaccines and (iii) the generation of a holistic map of T-cell signalling for fish allergy, helpful to identify new relevant targets for pharmacologic or therapeutic interventions.

Keywords: l203 proteomics,l213 systems biology,l814 food sciences,allergy,fish
Cell type-specific effects of HDAC1 on stress vulnerability, hippocampal gene regulation and genome-wide acetylation landscape (ACSCAPESTRESS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-17
End date: 2015-06-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168794.4
EU funding (EUR): 168794.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The discovery that broad spectrum histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) can improve depression-related symptoms in humans and in corresponding mouse models in conjunction with the observation that stressors affect the epigenome by changing histone acetylation opened new avenues to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Finding the essential molecular mechanisms of how single histone deacetylases (HDACs) contribute to or ameliorate stress-related pathologies will improve the efficacy of current antidepressant drugs through increased specificity. Aim of this study is to investigate whether and in which way the specific histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 has an impact on anxiety and depression-like behaviour in adult mice under baseline, non-stressed and stressed conditions using a neuron and forebrain-specific "loss-of-function" mouse model (Hdac1 knockout mice). And, the study aims to determine effects of HDAC1 on gene expression and genome-wide acetylation signatures in the hippocamus to identify how the potential protective or detrimental role of HDAC1 in stress response is mediated. Moreover, it is important to understand if the findings are cell type-specific, since HDAC1 is expressed in neurons and glia. Finally, rescue experiments will test whether the phenotype is reversible, which is important for future therapeutic implications. The fellow has acquired the necessary expertise in Dr. Akbarian´s laboratory at UMASS Medical School (now: Mount Sinai School of Medicine). This includes: working with epigenetic mouse models, performing microarrays and especially chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) specific for histone acetylation in conjunction with library preparation for next generation sequencing. The fellow will transfer this knowledge to the host institution, the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, which is renowned for the excellent depression and stress research and therefore the best place to conduct the proposed project.

Keywords: l208 epigenetics and gene regulation,l508 behavioral neuroscience,l502 molecular and cellular neuroscience,l512 psychiatric disorders,l210 bioinformatics
DISSECTING THE ROLE OF HIF-PROLYL-HYDROXYLASE 2 (PHD2) IN BREAST CANCER METASTASIS – IDENTIFYING NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS (PHD2 IN METASTASIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-10-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177000.0
EU funding (EUR): 177000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, affecting one in eight women. Despite improved treatment strategies, BC recurrence after initial therapy is still responsible for nearly 500,000 deaths worldwide each year. This is related to the fact that BC cells metastasize very early in the disease course, and often remain unnoticed at the time of diagnosis. Novel therapeutic approaches that block metastasis offer thus great promise. Hypoxia is a key characteristic of solid tumors including breast cancer. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is the main transcription factor involved in the cellular hypoxic response. The oxygen sensor enzymes, HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1-3) prevent HIF activity under normoxic conditions. Initial results indicate that haplodeficiency of the oxygen sensor HIF-prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) in tumor and stromal cells reduced metastasis by 80% in a clinically relevant spontaneously arising PyMT BC mouse model. We propose to dissect the molecular mechanisms of how PHD2-blockade inhibits tumor cell dissemination and breast cancer metastasis. Using a multi-disciplinary approach of state-of-the-art conditional and cell type-specific mouse genetics, transplantation assays, in combination with cell biological and molecular analysis in vitro we will determine the effect of PHD2 haplodeficiency on tumor cells as well as on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Preliminary data indicate that these stromal cells have reduced invasive properties in the background of PHD2 halpodeficiency compared to wildtype CAFs. Besides promising to yield novel fundamental insights in the role of PHD2 in metastasis, this proposal will also test the clinically relevant question if a induction of global PHD2-silencing at various stages after onset of tumor growth can halt metastatic progression. Such “genetic treatment” experiments will yield valuable insights for the design of future pharmacological PHD2-blockade treatment of BC patients.

Keywords: l406 cancer and its biological basis,hypoxia,hif-prolyl hydroxylases (phds),oxygen sensors,cancer-associated fibroblasts (cafs),breast cancer,metastasis
A Panchromatic Approach to Unlocking the Transient Radio Universe (FAST TRANSIENTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project presented in this proposal aims to develop a rapid response system for the new generation of radio telescopes. This system will automate interactions with astronomical facilities operating over the whole range of the electromagnetic spectrum in order to quickly process their transient alerts and trigger radio follow ups. This feature will make a significant contribution to the field of time-domain radio astronomy which is facing the challenge of exploring a new area of research parameter space. Indeed, very few radio transients have been detected so far their properties are poorly known. Hence, detecting them with radio telescopes will be facilitated by using a panchromatic approach. Key to the success of multi-wavelength monitoring, especially when it comes to fast transients, is the rapidity at which follow-ups can be executed. In this respect, my project will specifically focus on the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), which is a revolutionary radio telescope array able to observe in multiple directions of the sky simultaneously and reconfigure its pointing via software within seconds. By including an automated systems to LOFAR that connects it to other observatories, my work will enable us to achieve unprecedented response times to monitor transients. One of the goals of my project is to implement a new sub-band feature to the transient buffer board system of LOFAR which will allow to "virtually" re-point the telescope for up to a minute back in time. With such loop back feature, it is possible to think that almost no fast transient alerts will be missed in a near future. Two main scientific projects will be conducted in parallel to the technical achievements performed under the implementation of the rapid response system: the search for prompt radio emission from gamma-ray burst and a survey to search for and monitor intermittent radio pulsars.

Keywords: p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology
Gold Nanoprisms as Raman Signal Amplifiers for Bioimaging of Lung Cancer (RAMAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 254637.8
EU funding (EUR): 254637.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for probing biochemical changes in situ at tissue level. The vibrational profile can provide invaluable molecular details for medical diagnosis and disease prognosis. Important technological as well as health and safety considerations, however, limits its clinical application, as spontaneous Raman is a relatively weak effect and high laser powers are required for rapid screening. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) makes is possible to probe single molecules adsorbed onto a silver or gold nanoparticle, greatly enhancing the sensitivity of spontaneous Raman and therefore potentially significantly reducing screening times. However, the SERS sensitivity from spherical gold nanoparticles is still insufficient to detect trace biomolecules and/or the interaction between biomolecules, which may be overcome through using novel shape nanomaterials as SERS substrates for the improvement of the bio-detection limit. Recently, Pegylated gold nanoprisms (AuNPrs) have been successfully employed as signal amplifiers in multimodal in vivo imaging of cancer cells, and therefore pose a great potential for Raman spectroscopy as well. Excellent biocompatibility properties are known for Pegylated AuNPrs, with side lengths of 120nm and thicknesses of 10nm. They absorb strongly at a wavelength of 830 nm, with co-efficients of up to 37 µg.mL-1•OD-1, a wavelength within the tissue transparency window, promising deep penetration in vivo This project will explore the optimisation of Pegylated AuNPrs for surface enhancement of the Raman signal (SERS)of their local cellular environment for probing disease in vitro and ulimately in vivo. Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in the EU and is therefore chosen as a model for the development of a Raman based rapid screening technique for early detection of disease.