Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Lattice QCD Calculations in Hadron Physics (HPLQCD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 37500.0
EU funding (EUR): 37500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The theory that describes interactions among elementary particles carrying the color charge (quarks and gluons) is called Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). QCD has not been solved analytically and becomes non-perturbative at low energies. As a result, the quantitative prediction from first principles of much of its rich low-energy phenomenology remains a big challenge. Due to the lack of a coherent theoretical understanding of its various phenomena, hadron physics still represents an important testing ground for QCD and for flavor physics. An example are the recent measurements performed at JLAB which have shown that, in disagreement with the previous theoretical understanding, the electric and the magnetic elastic form factors have a substantially different behavior as function of the transfer four-momentum squared. In the so far most promising attempt to solve QCD at low energies, one discretizes the theory on space-time lattice and computes the functional integral by numerical Monte Carlo integration. Lattice QCD is the only known approach which allows ab-initio computations of non-perturbative quantities by keeping under control all the systematic errors. Recent advances in simulation algorithms now allow simulations with light sea quarks (corresponding to pion masses as small as 250 MeV) where contact with the chiral effective theory can be made. This is thus the right moment to tackle various problems of hadron physics in order to obtain the first model-independent results. With this project, we propose the use of the latest available techniques to simulate lattice QCD at small quark mass together with the chiral effective theory in order to study some subjects of particular interests for hadron physics, namely (i) the spectroscopy of ground and excited baryon (octet and decuplet) states, (ii) hadron-hadron scattering lengths, (iii) the investigation of baryon structure through form factors, parton distribution functions and generalized parton distributions.

Keywords: quantum field theory,quantum chromodynamics,non-perturbative effects,lattice qcd,hadron physics,computational physics,chiral perturbation theory
Microbial-induced Angiogenesis in the Gut (MICAG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Objective: The mammalian gut is colonized by trillions of bacteria. These gut microbes (microbiota) have coevolved with the host and developed traits that affects host physiology. Interestingly, germ-free (GF) mice exhibit arrested intestinal vascularisation if compared to littermates that were raised in a non-sterile environment (CONV-R, conventional-raised). Intestinal colonization with a normal microbiota initiates massive formation of capillary networks in the intestine of ex-GF mice (CONV-D, conventional-derived). The underlying molecular mechanisms that lead to formation of intricate capillary networks are completely unknown and therefore intense research is needed to elucidate how gut microbes trigger the formation of capillary networks. In the outlined project we will dissect proangiogenic molecules that can be induced by colonization with a gut microbiota and thus regulate microvessel formation in the intestinal mucosa. Methods: To uncover proangiogenic genes upregulated in response to microbial colonization we will perform qRT-PCR-analyses on small intestinal tissues collected from GF and CONV-R mice. The vascular marker CD31 (PECAM-1) will be used to quantify villus vascularization by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Preliminary results: We found that microbial colonization of the intestine leads to formation of an intricate vascular network. This process could be efficiently blocked by administration of an antibody directed against Tissue Factor (TF), the initiator molecule of coagulation. A distinct set of proangiogenic genes was identified to be upregulated in a TF-dependent manner following microbial colonization. Significance: A detailed understanding on how microbes affect intestinal morphogenesis and in particular the formation of microvessels in the mucosa is of major interest, since a disturbed formation of microvessels is observed in inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, this approach will lead to better knowledge of the wound healing process.

Keywords: gut microbiota,colonization,angiogenesis,vessel formation
GMES In-Situ Coordination (GISC)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Space
Destination: Space
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 46.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3837200.0
EU funding (EUR): 2999999.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The EEA GMES insitu coordination proposal will contribute to the preparation of future community policies, specifically the management of in-situ data as described in the Commission Communication. It is unlike most of the projects in the Framework 7 Space Programme in that it focuses on management issues, but it nevertheless embodies all the elements of innovation, impacts, and a sustainable legacy that goes beyond the state of the art. The action will stimulate participation by a range of organizations and their networks in implementing the operational GMES services. It will require the development of innovatory approaches to the management of in-situ data, building on existing mechanisms, but exploring ways of managing them that have not in the past been necessary. Its impacts will be in terms of supporting GMES services, and providing a firm framework for future GMES in-situ management. The high-level objective of this project is to act between data providers and to develop an adequate management system for insitu data that also takes into account that demands will change over time. The outcome of this project is to have undertaken the preparatory work needed to develop a management system for in-situ data for GMES core services. The main results of the preparatory work are: 1. Refocusing existing or establishing new networks of actors being able to supply the necessary in-situ information and adopt to changes in data requirements 2. Clarifying and prioritizing requirements for data, the infrastructure necessary to provide it and related costs, 3. Devising the framework necessary for deliver the required in-situ data, and 4. Develop the Agency’s capacity to coordinate the in-situ component of GMES and undertake the role as defined in the Commission communication. To achieve this overall goal and the main results, the project has been structured around four technical work packages.

Keywords: insitu data,environmental monitoring,emergency,atmosphere,land,marine,kopernikus,core services,gmes pilot,networks,eionet.
Treatment of long term irradiation embrittlement effects in RPV safety assessment (LONGLIFE)

Framework: FP7 — Euratom
Programme: Nuclear fission and radiation protection
Theme: Research infrastructure
Destination: Reactor Systems
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,United Kingdom,Hungary,Spain,Czechia,Belgium,Finland,France,Sweden,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,European organisations area
Call:  (FP7-Fission-2009, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5222397.4
EU funding (EUR): 2621575.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

In view of the increasing age of the European NPPs and envisaged life time extensions up to an EOL of 80 years, there is a need for an improved understanding and prediction of RPV irradiation embrittlement effects connected with long term operation (LTO). Effects caused by high neutron fluences such as the possible formation of Late Blooming Phases and as yet unknown defects must be considered adequately in safety assessments. However, the surveillance database for long irradiation times (&gt;20 years) and low neutron flux is sparse, which leads to uncertainties in the treatment of LTO irradiation effects. In this context microstructural data are essential for the understanding of the involved mechanisms. The proposed project aims at: 1) improved knowledge on LTO phenomena relevant for European reactors; 2) assessment and proposed improvements of prediction tools, codes and standards; 3) elaboration of best practice guidelines for irradiation embrittlement surveillance. The suggested scope of work is: i) Summary of boundary conditions for LTO and systematic (re)evaluation of the international prediction procedures of irradiation embrittlement ii) Generation of microstructural data of irradiated representative or original RPV materials; demonstration that damage models are (or not) consistent with the mechanisms of irradiation damage in the LTO (use of PERFORM60 prediction tools) iii) Investigation of specific LTO relevant phenomena like late blooming phases and flux effect from available results; role of Cu, Ni, Mn, P, Si under the aspect of LTO; iv) Correlation of microstructural data with mechanical properties and identification of the most important influencing factors (link with PERFORM60) v) Influence of high neutron fluences on fracture toughness curves shape vi) Comparison of embrittlement results from decommissioned plants with surveillance data vii) Elaboration of recommendations for RPV embrittlement surveillance under LTO conditions

Keywords: rpv neutron irradiation embrittlement,long term operation,ageing management,late blooming effect flux effect
Citizenship after Orientalism (OECUMENE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on the interaction between two controversial and contested concepts: citizenship the process by which belonging is recognised and enacted and orientalism the assertion of the superiority by western culture over its eastern counterparts. It is a critique of the argument that explains the success of European capitalism in terms of differences in social structures that had effectively prevented the emergence of citizens in oriental societies. The ambitious scope of this project is to revisit questions of citizenship in orientalized cultures India, China, Islam and Indigenous through investigations untrammelled by orientalist assumptions. The research methodology is genealogical through which the origins, interpretations and mutations of ideas and actions will be clearly located in their historical and cultural settings. The project methodology is designed deliberately to focus on disagreements. Rather than working with like-minded collaborators, the project will engage with its antagonists through a series of workshops where opposing views will be debated and disseminated to a wide audience. What it means to be a citizen, who may be a citizen, what obligations derive from citizenship are at the forefront of much political discourse as the nation-state dissolves into regional identities, integrates or fails to integrate new social groups, and is transformed by supra-national entities. Above all, the question of citizenship lies at the heart of the legitimacy of the European Union. Yet, when we investigate the origins of ideas about (European) citizenship we discover that it is essentially considered as a Judeo-Christian development juxtaposed against Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam, and Hinduism. The project will contribute to investigating genealogies of citizenship in the ecumene (inhabited world) by genuinely comparing them.

Keywords: citizenship,orientalism,cities,india,china,islam,indigenous rights
Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe (EUROEVOL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The study of the human past
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The last 30 years have seen the rapid emergence and growth of a new high-profile interdisciplinary field, the study of cultural evolution, which has produced novel ways of understanding human cultural and socio-economic behaviour. In particular, it has produced mathematical models derived from evolutionary biology demonstrating the importance of culture and history in understanding human cultures and societies, while at the same time taking into account the adaptive dimension. The field has seen a great deal of theoretical development and some empirical work, not least by myself and colleagues at the UCL AHRC Centre for the Evolution of Cultural Diversity and its predecessor. However, there has been no substantive attempt to bring the different sub-fields of cultural evolutionary theory and method together in an integrated fashion and apply them to large-scale case-studies in history or prehistory to address specific questions concerning the links between demographic, economic, social and cultural patterns and processes. The aim of this proposal is to do that for the first time and in doing so to provide the basis for a new account of the role of farming in transforming early European farming societies, c.6000-2000 calBC, focussing on the western half of Europe, where the available data are best. The project will have a major impact on the field of cultural evolution by providing a model example for cultural evolutionary studies of early societies in other parts of the world. It will also provide important new insights into the history of European society and give a significant impetus to re-orienting the disciplinary field of archaeology, making it part of the broader inter-disciplinary endeavour of evolutionary social science, as other researchers follow its example.

Keywords: cultural evolution,neolithic europe,population,exchange,social interaction,cultural phylogenetics,social institutions,economic growth
Development and plasticity of multisensory functions to study the principles of age dependent learning plasticity in humans (CRITICALBRAINCHANGES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2396640.0
EU funding (EUR): 2396640.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Proposal summary: The present project will investigate the main principles of development and neuroplasticity in humans in the domain of multisensory processes (the interplay between sensory systems). It will be tested how learning plasticity of the human brain changes from childhood to adulthood and how early experience constraints neuroplasticity at later developmental stages as well as in adults. The project is based upon animal findings in sensory development and plasticity. Both a prospective (studies in children) and a retrospective (studies in people with a history of visual or auditory deprivation) approach are employed. Behavioural paradigms from experimental psychology addressing multisensory processes are combined with electroencephalographic recordings (EEG). First, we investigate the functional principles and neural correlates of multisensory development. Second, we investigate multisensory processes in people who suffered from a transient phase of sensory deprivation after birth: (a) in people who were born with bilateral dense cataracts that were removed later, and (b) in congenitally deaf individuals, who were equipped with a cochlear implant to restore hearing. This line of research will reveal the critical contribution of single sensory systems as well as the synchronized input across modalities with regard to the emergence of successful multisensory binding. Third, we will investigate whether it is possible to alleviate neural changes demarcating the end of sensitive phases or critical periods by implementing an incremental training procedure. Last, we will look at whether experimentally induced transient sensory deprivation increases neuroplasticity loss during a sensitive phase or critical period. We are convinced that basic research, such as the present, will reveal important principles of development and neuroplasticity which will be useful in applied setting to improve education, the rehabilitation of individuals with sensory defects and the treatment of developmental disorders.

Keywords: developmental cognitive neuroscience,multisensory,neuroplasticity,learning
Syllables and the Timing of Speech (STIMOS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 74.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1120705.0
EU funding (EUR): 1120705.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Project summary: The project develops an integrative symbolic-dynamical framework for gaining a fundamental understanding of the relation between qualitative spoken language form, also known as phonological form, and the continuous speech movements and acoustics in which this form is realized. The empirical domain is syllables. The syllable is a central unit of spoken language, mediating between lower-level properties of individual sounds and higher-level prosody. In its first aim, the proposed research develops modelling methods for rigorously evaluating the relation between theoretically posited syllabic parses and experimental data, from Arabic and English, acquired with the new 3D EMA device. In a second aim, formal analytical methods are developed for understanding the relation between posited abstract phonological organization and its measurable phonetic indices. Using a combined symbolic-dynamical approach, the analytical component fully embraces the task of relating continuous data and qualitative theory, a fundamental problem in present day cognitive science. As a consequence, the project enables a system-level, quantitative understanding of how categorical organizational principles of linguistic systems may be supported by or emerge from statistical properties of the lower-levels in which linguistic form is conveyed. The interdisciplinary theoretical, experimental and mathematical approach proposed here has not been attempted before for spoken language. The outcome would be a unified explanatory framework for linguistic competence, experimental data and statistics. The project’s significance and relevance to the “Ideas” program lies in the centrality of the core problem it addresses for the language and mind frontier. In linguistics and cognitive science, a fundamental challenge has been the lack of a formal substrate for dealing with the duality of the symbolic and the continuous. The development of an integrative framework for exploring the relation between qualitative phonological form and continuous data will open up new perspectives for researching both language and the human mind. In addition, the proposed research has significant potential long-term benefits for language development, impairment and reading. Because syllabic organization is language-specific and because we know that this organization conditions the timing of articulatory movements, syllables provide a key construct for studying the link between articulatory timing and linguistic ability in both healthy and patient populations.

Keywords: cognition,spoken language,syllables,phonology,speech production,electromagnetic articulometry (ema),computational modelling
State Capacity, Development, Conflict, and Climate Change (STATECAP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1489744.0
EU funding (EUR): 1489744.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research concerns two sets of issues. The first concerns the role of state building in the development process, and the role played by violent conflict whether internal or external to the state. In this research, we will build a sequence of theoretical models, taking a stepping stone in a basic framework where new infrastructure that expands the state s capacity to raise revenue and to support private markets is viewed as outcome of investments under uncertainty. Our objective in model building is to provide guidance for the collection of historical and contemporary data and for econometric testing, which will both be central to the project. The overall goal of this project is to bring the analysis of state capacity into the mainstream of economics, and thereby shed light on the complex interactions between state building, conflict and development. The second set of issues ultimately concerns the economics of climate change. A first subproject aims at estimating the historical effects of weather on infant mortality in Africa, using a variety of data sources: individual data based on retrospective DHS surveys, finely-gridded weather data based on so-called re-analyis with large-scale climate models, and spatial data on harvest times based on satellite data on plant growth. Exploiting the random component of historical weather fluctuation allows us to estimate causal effects on health outcomes via mechanisms like malnutrition and malaria. This initial research will serve as a pilot study, to develop a methodology for studying the weather impacts on any outcome of interest anywhere in the world. Eventually such estimates will serve to estimate the future costs of climate change.