Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Atomic vapor-based turnstile device for single photons (AVATURN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-07-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174806.4
EU funding (EUR): 174806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project aims at developing a source of Fourier-transform-limited single-photons which does not require ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) or cryogenic environment. Thanks to these characteristics, such a source is ideally suited for practical applications. It relies on a novel approach based on a collectively enhanced resonant light-atom interaction within an ensemble of weakly coupled emitters. The key mechanism is a photon-number dependent quantum interference that can modify the photon-statistics of a weak coherent state, i.e. bunching or antibunching, when travelling through the ensemble. Interestingly, when interacting with a critical number of emitters, the coherent state can be transformed into a stream of antibunched single photons. In such a case the ensemble acts as a single-photon turnstile. The transmitted single photons are indistinguishable – an important feature for most quantum information applications. While this interference mechanism was recently experimentally demonstrated with cold atoms in our team, in this proposal we explore a whole new regime with thermal atomic vapor of Rubidium. Different strategies will be implemented to mitigate the effect of the much broader velocity class of the atoms in the thermal vapor. In particular, a velocity-selective excitation scheme will allow to circumvent the Doppler broadening. In addition to the remarkable feature of not requiring complex optical setups and cooling, this new source would generate single photons at telecom wavelength of 1529 nm, well-suited for long distance communication. On the other hand, it also enables integration with the mature technological platform of silicon photonics. Finally, in order to increase its practicability, the current proposal envisions to explore two different fiber-integrated designs for such a source: a nanofiber (evanescently coupled to the thermal vapor) and a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (filled with the thermal vapor).

Keywords: hot vapor,single photon source,fiber
Global Justice and the Remittances Challenge: Confronting the €1 trillion “gap” in the literature (JUSTREMIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2026-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499920.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499920.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Remittances are the single most important source of global relief for the world’s poor, exceeding €1 trillion annually. Remittances outstrip Official Development Assistance by a factor of four and, in 2018, surpassed Foreign Direct Investment for the first time. 1 billion people are directly involved in the remittances economy, including 200 million senders and 800 million receivers. The benefits of remittances for receivers and their communities are broad and deep. Remittances support basic nutritional needs, housing, healthcare, and other critical daily expenses. Often these subsidies are lifelines without which receivers would be destitute. Remittances also improve childhood educational attainment levels, support local and state development and democracy, and serve as insurance against natural and political disasters. One would expect that GJ theory would be analytically able to incorporate remittances and normatively keen to explore the vast potentials for real-world injustice alleviation inherent to them. However, that is not the case. Just the opposite. Liberal GJ theory usually ignores remittances or frames them as harmful, and denies—sometimes denigrates—the agency of remitters. To sloganize: 1 billion people and €1 trillion are missing from the GJ debates. Worse, liberal GJ theorists endorse policies that could reduce remittances and increase harm. What is called GJ is often experienced by the world’s poorest as manifest injustice. JUSTREMIT investigates the paradigmatic constraints which make this injustice inevitable and invisible to liberal GJ theory. Then, using both theoretical and ethnographic studies, it constructs an alternative paradigm that rectifies that injustice by putting remittances and the agency of the global poor at the centre of the new paradigm. JUSTREMIT does not simply contribute to GJ theorization, it challenges and reconstructs its foundation while introducing new empirical modes of investigation and opening new policy horizons.

Keywords: global justice,remittances,paradigm change,migration,political theory,ethnography,human security
Systemic Action for Gender Equality (SAGE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Science with and for Society
Programme: Promote gender equality in particular by supporting structural change in the organisation of research institutions and in the content and design of research activities
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Italy,Ireland,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Türkiye,France,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Support to research organisations to implement gender equality plans (H2020-GERI-2015-1, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2276853.75
EU funding (EUR): 2276853.75
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

Increasing the participation of women in research, and promoting gender equality, is vital in strengthening the competitiveness of European research. A greater involvement of women in research will contribute not only to an increased number of skilled researchers in our institutions, but will also add a different perspective to research programmes, promote diversity, improve descion-making and contribute to enhanced creativity and innovation. This view informs the focus of this high-level consortium, who wish to work together to introduce and develop gender-sensitive organisational cultures and practices in our respective universities, thus effecting a sustainable and systemic structural change in how our institutions function. The ultimate objective of the structural change process is to work towards improved decision-making and enhanced research capacity by: • incorporating gender-sensitive practices, processes and procedures in research, and; • developing balanced representation of both women and men in institutional decision-making. Through the design and implementation of Gender Equality Plans, SAGE partner institutions will uncover, assess, and address the barriers to equal participation of women and men in research and decision making. SAGE is designed using the concepts and methodology of structural change to deliver a more equitable research landscape. The composition of the consortium will allow for transfer of learning, thus increasing the efficacy of Gender Equality Plans and their capacity to deliver greater gender balance and gender awareness in research and decision making.

Keywords: institutional change,structural change,gender equality plans,academic excellence,leadership,key performance indicators,awards,certification,core values,work,life balance,culture
New molecular targets and proof-of-concept therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorders (THERAUTISM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-03-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499025.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499025.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Autism is the major neurodevelopmental health public issue, affecting 1/100 child births worldwide. These disorders are diagnosed before the age of 3, based on behavioural cues: deficits in social interaction and communication as well as stereotyped and restrained behaviours. There is no medication to improve this condition. Most recent molecular targets identified within narrow frameworks (unspecific molecule, single tissue targeted, single disease model used) have failed in clinical trials. My first objective aims at thwarting this autism research gap, unravelling the common molecular and cellular dysfunctions underlying autism-related behaviours across several preclinical models and neuronal circuits. In particular, setting up translatomic analyses in these paradigms will identify and validate new molecular therapeutic targets. I recently deciphered one such molecular substrate, involving the loss of oxytocin transcripts in oxytocinergic axon terminals thus demonstrating the feasibility of this global approach. The second major objective of my project is to hijack the properties of a newly identified protein function to restore this new target and rescue social deficits in different preclinical models of autism. This would yield a novel and safe gene therapy vector which has never been explored before. Altogether, my research project will deliver strategic resources to the scientific and medical communities that will spur the development of new treatment options for autistic patients.

Keywords: autism,translatome,oxytocin
Ultra-Fast, Spread-Spectrum Magnetic Resonance Imaging (SpreadMRI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2780760.0
EU funding (EUR): 2278760.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Imaging speed is a key factor to capture rapid changes at high spatial and temporal resolution. A major limitation of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is its rather low speed compared to other modalities like ultra sound or computerized tomography. We aim to explore two novel concepts to boost MR imaging speed by another order of magnitude compared to existing techniques. SpreadMRI fundamentally steps beyond current concepts of image encoding by exploiting a spectral spin modulation that so far has not been utilized. SpreadMRI is based on the rapid and local modulation of magnetic fields produced by current loops and/or radiofrequency (RF) loops. Applied spectral modulations are in the MHz range bridging the low-frequency band of switched gradients (kHz) and the 100 MHz range of the Larmor frequency. SpreadMRI spreads the bandwidth of gradient-encoded spin frequencies using distinct carrier frequencies originating from a certain region of the object. This spatially unique information will then be used to disentangle parts of the object, and thus to drastically boost imaging speed. Approaching this intermediate frequency band requires to address several basic research questions related to image reconstruction, electromagnetic coupling, spin Physics and possible biological effects. Based on theoretical analysis and exhaustive electromagnetic simulations of dedicated current loop and RF coil arrangements, including variants of different modulation patterns, several types of SpreadMRI coils for human head imaging at 9.4T will be developed and applied for high temporal and spatial functional brain imaging. The specific approach of SpreadMRI will lead to major changes in the hard- and software environment of current MR-scanners. It will not only provide new insight within the areas covered by the proposal, but will definitely benefit conventional MR diagnostic by enabling new applications with a simultaneous reduction of motion artifacts and increased patient throughput.

Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging,parallel imaging,medical imaging,ultra high field 9 4 tesla,radiofrequency coils
Model Testing of High Lift system (MOTHIF)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Belgium,Belgium
Call: Model Manufacturing and Wind Tunnel Testing of High Lift System for SAT Aircraft (H2020-CS2-CFP09-2018-02, 2018)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 20.0
Total project cost (EUR): 799260.0
EU funding (EUR): 799260.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The High Lift devices development for small aircrafts has started in a first Clean Sky 2 research phase by selecting several innovative high-lift devices for two different types of SAT aircraft architectures. At the end of the optimization of the aerodynamic and integration design, the different high-lift devices will be classified based upon the benefits of the high lift architectures, and the most suitable design will be selected. From this input, the current proposal will perform Wind Tunnel validation testing of a selected SAT Aircraft High Lift devices System. This validation objective includes the construction of an instrumented model with a segment of wing box including the leading/trailing edge high lift devices, and their aerodynamic characterization by performing tests in a large wind tunnel. An experimental assessment will provide a comparison of the performance and recommendations on the tested High Lift solutions. The research will implement a specific wind tunnel model, designed and manufactured to provide variable positions of flap with respect to the main wing body. Different angles of attack will be tested. Manufactured with the required aerodynamic quality, the model will be installed in the large VKI subsonic wind tunnel and tested at the required Reynolds number. A concept of flap separation control jet blowing system installed at the main wing box trailing edge will also be tested. The tests will be performed with the support specifically designed and manufactured high lift devices models positioning brackets, existing turn table and load balance equipment, and specific interface plates and side walls. Wind tunnel measurements (pressure, force) will be implemented and these measurements will be complemented with PIV measurements for flow field visualization and detailed flow characterization (mean and unsteady behavior). Finally, the performance of the leading & trailing edge high lift solution will be analyzed.

Keywords: wind tunnel,high lift airfoil,fluidic,model construction
A long-acting, constant release ocular implant for the sustained delivery of biologics and small molecules for the treatment of retinal diseases. (BlueDot)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Israel
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Seventy-six million people will suffer from blindness by 2020. Age-related retinal disorders - macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are two of the leading causes of blindness in the world. About 200,000 new cases of advanced, age-related AMD identified each year in the United States and between 14.9 and 21.5 million cases of early AMD, and between 3.9 and 4.8 million cases of late AMD is expected in Europe by 2040. The complexity of eye anatomy presents challenges for treatment. Current treatment, intravitreal injections (IVI) are the highest growth medical procedure in the globe, with an estimated 20 million intravitreal injections globally in 2016. Ranibizumab, treatment blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes blood vessel growth, costs approximately $2,000 in USA and €1000 per injection. Patients may need up to 12 injection per year. Additionally, this treatment significantly affects patient comfort. MicroSert has developed BlueDot – a novel, long-acting release (LAR) ocular implant for the sustained delivery of biologics and small molecules for the treatment of retinal diseases. BlueDot is implantable to the tear duct and releases therapeutic inside the eye. Implantation requires one-step office-based procedure using proprietary implantation device with safety monitoring system and with no incision needed. BlueDot is refillable and lasts up to two years. The SME-I Phase 1 project perfectly suits the innovation’s current stage of development and overall business strategy allowing MicroSert to check final specifications of BlueDot, establish a sound business development and gain partners necessary for the Phase II study.
Legal Architectures: The Influence of New Environmental Governance Rules on Environmental Compliance (LEGALARCHITECTURES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1494650.0
EU funding (EUR): 1494650.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Non-compliance with the EU’s environmental rules is one of the key weaknesses of the EU’s environmental policy. This research investigates the influence that environmental governance laws have on compliance decisions, and how we might best design our laws to maximise compliance. One of the most important trends in European environmental regulatory techniques over the past decade has been the shift from hierarchical, state-led government via command-and-control techniques, to decentralised, society-led governance by local private actors (see, e.g., Jordan et al (2013)). The EU has strongly supported efforts to empower compliance and enforcement by non-State actors, as embodied in the UNECE Aarhus Convention and implementing laws. Yet little is known about how this major change in environmental governance laws has actually influenced compliance levels in practice, and why. Can the design of environmental governance rules influence us not only to comply with the letter of the law, but also to go further? This research seeks to fill that gap by means of an interdisciplinary, bottom-up study of the relationships between the legal architecture of environmental governance and compliance decisions, in a selected field of EU environmental policy (biodiversity), and in three selected States. It is novel in terms of theory, because it tests new hypotheses about the effects environmental governance rules have on compliance. It is novel in terms of methodology, because in testing these hypotheses, it uses techniques that have not up to now been applied to measure the effect of law. It is challenging, because it sits at the intersection between the law and economics, socio-legal and governance/regulatory literatures, and brings together multiple methods from these fields to test its hypotheses. It has potentially high impact, because non-compliance is one of the most serious problems the EU’s environmental policy faces, and is closely linked to environmental outcomes.
Universality, Conflict, and Social Critique in Jean-Francois Lyotard and the Frankfurt School (UCONCRI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184707.84
EU funding (EUR): 184707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project examines the tension between social heterogeneity and universal principles for political action and judgment through a comparative reading of the work of Jean-Francois Lyotard and the Frankfurt School tradition of critical theory. Frankfurt School critical theory and agonistic political theory influenced by French philosophy are predominantly read as two separate and mutually exclusive perspectives in political philosophy. This project traces a series of explicit and implicit discussions between Lyotard and the Frankfurt School in order to read both perspectives as different yet interrelated. The connections and contrasts between both perspectives are then used to develop a new framework to address three central issues within critical theory and political philosophy more broadly. Specifically, the project pursues three specific objectives: 1) To assess the possibilities and limitation of consensus and dissensus as grounds of universal political action and judgment, by means of a contrast between Lyotard and Habermas; 2) To understand the causes of social conflict as well as the role of critical theory is their articulation, by means of a contrast between Lyotard and Honneth; 3) To explain the sources of ideological extremism and determine the capacity of critical theory to respond to it, by means of a contrast between Lyotard and Adorno. Relying on a comparative methodology that involves intertextual reading, genealogical analysis, and intellectual history, the research will illuminate and generate dialogues between perspectives that are often considered separately from one another, thus improving our understanding of universality, conflict, and critique in heterogeneous societies.

Keywords: critical theory frankfurt school lyotard postmodernity agonism universality conflict