Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
3D Engineered Environments for Dermal Regeneration (3D-DERMAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Current dermal substitutes are suboptimal and do not mimic the physiological and pathological conditions required for in vitro biological, cancer and drug discovery studies. Extension of a well established freeze drying approach will allow replication of the complex 3D architecture and mechanics of native tissue with consequent improved cell infiltration, survival and de novo matrix deposition. This approach will be multi-facetted. Initially the fabrication parameters of the freeze drying system will be systematically tuned for oprimal porosity, mechanics and cell cues. This will be guided by host institution’s wealth of experience in scaffold fabrication. Secondly other dermal-specific ECM molecules will be incorporated to bestow their beneficial mechanical and cell-biological properties to the scaffolds. This will capitalise on the fellow’s current research on the biomedical uses of recombinant tropoelastin. A third line of enquiry will analyse the contraction and cell phenotype of these composite scaffolds. The fourth line of investigation will extend the use of thermal moulds to produce scaffolds with dermal-like anisotropic 3D structures. Consistent with the IIF objectives the fellow will engage in cutting edge research using the host’s world-leading facilities, giving him the opportunity to develop a thorough repertoire of materials mechanics skills to compliment his abilities at the bio-physical interface. The fellow is at the threshold of independent researcher status as he can develop his own research areas, has extensive multidisciplinary research experience and an excellent publication record. This IIF will allow him to extend his career, leading to independent research by immersion in the highly multi-disciplinary environment provided by the host institution. Moreover this IIF will allow the fellow to impart his unique biomaterials knowledge, abilities and collaborative networks from Australia to the host institution and EU researchers.

Keywords: biomaterials,freeze dried scaffold,cell biology,tropoelastin,anisotropic structures,mechanical testing,physical architecture
The incretin system: From genetic determinants to impact on early development of type 2 diabetes in the population (INSGEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230809.8
EU funding (EUR): 230809.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) are secreted from the gut in response to food intake and their primary role is to amplify nutrient-induced insulin release. Most of this effect is lost in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Glucagon acts as a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin and may therefore also be essential in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. My objective is to carry out a unique combination of state-of-the-art phenotyping and genotyping in a large, well-characterized cohort of people at key stages of increased diabetes risk. I will genotype a large panel of more than 500,000 genetic markers in 2,082 individuals with varying levels of glucose tolerance, either normal glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glycaemia, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. In addition, I will measure plasma levels of GLP-1, GIP and glucagon at 0, 30 and 120 minutes during an oral glucose tolerance test in the same individuals. I will then examine the effect of these genetic markers on incretin and glucagon levels during the oral glucose challenge. The results of the association study will be followed up in an additional cohort consisting of ~8,200 individuals from Sweden and Finland. The knowledge generated about the complex interplay of mechanisms driving the earliest stages of diabetes will allow identification of new potential targets for individualized prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. The epidemiological scale of the study will enable a direct translation of the findings to the real-life setting of population-wide general practice-based diabetes screening and tailored prevention.

Keywords: incretin,glucagon,gip,glp-1,type 2 diabetes,gwas
Democratization and Transnational Human Rights Regimes: A Case Study of Turkey and the European Court of Human Rights (DEMTUREUROPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-06
End date: 2017-04-05
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223778.4
EU funding (EUR): 223778.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project is concerned with the interaction between the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and Turkey, and seeks to contribute to the understanding of the Turkish case by looking through the ECtHR lens and of the European human rights system through the Turkish lens. The project will be based on an empirical analysis of the impact of the ECtHR’s case law on democracy in Turkey based on the following typology of issues: 1) rights associated with ethno-linguistic group membership; and 2) rights associated with religious group membership. Each of these issues will be elaborated on the basis of: a) freedom of association and electoral rights (and freedoms of expression and assembly where relevant); and b) freedom of religion. The project will have a retrospective and a forward looking approach by examining the evolution of the case law over time, paying attention to critical junctures in: 1) the evolution of democracy in Turkey; and 2) the evolution of the European human rights regime. The methodology will be based on an examination of the case law (at the European and national level), interviews (in Turkey, Strasbourg and Brussels), secondary literature, review of official documents and media analysis. The project outputs will be: 1) a monograph published by an academic press, 2) peer-reviewed articles published in academic journals with open access, 3) a policy paper, and 4) an international conference in Turkey. Based on an interdisciplinary approach inspired from law, political science and sociology, the project aims to fill a gap in the literatures on Europeanization, transnational constitutional pluralism, legal mobilization and supranational human rights regimes, and to contribute to democracy and new governance studies.

Keywords: transnational governance,democratization in turkey,european human rights regime,international courts,legal mobilization,strategic litigation
VISIBLE LIGHT MEDIATED CARBONYLATIONS (VISTA-CARB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223778.4
EU funding (EUR): 223778.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The present proposal aims to develop a sustainable reaction methodology to expand the current scope of carbonylative couplings using sunlight and organic (metal-free) dyes. The planned activities are at the interfaces of photophysical, organic synthetic, and technological studies. Two novel chemical concepts are proposed: i) the use of available and reactive gases, such as carbon monoxide, for the synthesis of organic intermediates and fine chemicals via photo-redox methodology using visible light as the most abundant energy source, and ii) the development of two-photon processes for the activation of hitherto unreactive organic halides by visible light. To achieve these objectives, we will initially focus our studies on visible-light mediated photo-redox functionalizations of simple arenederivatives with common nucleophiles and study appropriate organic photocatalysts under carbon monoxide atmosphere. Secondly, light upconversion processes (from mid-VIS to high-energy VIS and near-UV) will be evaluated toward the photo-redox activation of sigma-bonds (i.e. in aryl bromides) that lie outside the energy window of the primary irradiation wavelength. We will apply such methodology to novel synthetic carbonylations which result in the formation of various industrially relevant benzoate, phenone, and chalcone derivatives. Finally, commercial microflow reactors will be equipped with a transparent reaction chamber in order to demonstrate the potential of the combination of photo-redox and high-pressure methodologies for continuous synthesis. Both concepts rely upon high dispersion and rapid mixing, so that microreactors contribute to the overall reactivity.

Keywords: visible-light,organic (metal-free and non-toxic) dyes,photocarbonylative coupling reactions,organic synthesis,reactor design,microflow photoreactor
Synthetic Polypeptides with Well-Defined Microstructures and Biological Activity (MICROPEP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-16
End date: 2017-02-15
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175974.6
EU funding (EUR): 175974.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Peptides are nature’s expression language and as such perform vital roles in living organisms. They are highly functional and produced naturally with a precision that is unprecedented in synthetic polymers. Synthetic polypeptides present a promising alternative as they combine the accessibility of synthetic polymers with functionality and biocompatibility of natural peptides. They are thus ideally suited as a new (commercial) renewable and sustainable polymer materials platform if some practical hurdles in polymerisation control can be overcome. In this project, new routes for the synthesis of polypeptides will be explored that are inexpensive, scalable and reproducible and allow the tuning of polypeptide properties by copolymerisation. While the approach to be taken is generic, our efforts will focus on the synthesis of glycosylated polypeptides as mimics of glycoproteins. Glycoproteins are important in many biological processes from signalling to infection and are thus considered the next generation pharmaceutical products. While natural glycopeptides are highly complex in structure, this project aims at structurally simplistic yet bioactive synthetic glycosylated polypeptides by enhanced polymerisation control. This is a highly interdisciplinary project at the interface of polymer chemistry, combinatorial chemistry and life science. The applicant’s diverse experience makes her an ideal match for this work. The project also brings together two academics from world class institutions with complementary expertise that provides a unique environment for the applicant to develop her skills and accelerate her academic career.

Keywords: polymers,polypeptide,glycosylation,sequence control,biomaterials,glycopolymers,high throughput experimentation
Clays in acid environments on Mars (ACID-MARS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will investigate the origin of aluminous Martian clay minerals (thought to be Hesperian in age) as possibly generated by acid hydrous alteration of silicate rocks. Clays are abundant on Mars, indicating extensive and continued hydrous activity at an early stage in the planet. Such fact has implications for the search of evidence for extraterrestrial life and for our knowledge of past Martian climate and conditions. Aluminous clay formations on Mars typically contain kaolinite, montmorillonite, beidellite, hydrous silica and, frequently, sulphates. By comparison with Earth environments, this mineral assemblage suggests that it formed by acid alteration of silicate rocks, possibly basalt or the more ancient Fe- and Mg-rich clays that are frequently overlain by the aluminous clays. This project will use Al-rich clay assemblages in acid-altered rocks in Rio Tinto (Spain) as a proxy for the similar mineral assemblages on Mars. Samples from Rio Tinto will be used to determine the intensity and mode of acid alteration. The crystal-chemistry of the clay minerals will be characterized in detail using advanced microscopy, chemical, spectroscopic, structural and isotope analytical techniques. They will be also investigated using diffuse reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy and their spectra compared with those obtained by remote sensing on Mars. X-ray diffraction and chemical data can be used also for comparison with those of clays on Mars in future rover missions. This study will (1) produce new results that will constrain the mineralogy and formation conditions of aluminous clays on Mars; (2) increase the spectral library for Mars studies with well-characterized, complex clays; (3) enhance the European profile in planetary studies; and (4) provide the fellow with new, advanced skills in mineralogy and analytical techniques that will prepare him for new opportunities and a sustained research career in Europe.

Keywords: mars,acid environment,chemistry,clay minerals,mineral weathering,phase transformations,rio tinto,nasa,x-ray diffraction,sem-edx,remote sensing,ir spectroscopy,o and h isotopes
Reconstitution of CUPS in vitro and assessing the mechanism of their cargo packing during unconventional protein secretion (CUPS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Most proteins secreted by eukaryotic cells use the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi pathway of secretion. This is dependent on signal-peptide sequences that ensure protein translocation into the ER and their progress to the cell surface through vesicular flow via the Golgi apparatus. However, a substantial number of proteins that lack a signal-peptide sequence are secreted without entering the classical ER-to-Golgi pathway. Instead they follow the so-called “unconventional pathway of protein secretion”. A well established route within this unconventional pathway refers to cytoplasmic proteins transported to the extracellular environment by autophagosome-like vesicles, such as the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Acb1. Secretion of Acb1 in yeast cells is concomitant with the biogenesis of recently characterized membrane structures called CUPS (compartments for unconventional protein secretion) which are thought to function as a sorting platform for Acb1 secretion and possibly for other proteins known to follow similar routes of secretion. The overall aim of this proposal is to further characterize the biogenesis of CUPS in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to understand their role in the unconventional pathway of secretion, i.e., to address the hypothesis that CUPS are sorting platforms for proteins to be unconventionally secreted. Determining the composition of CUPS, understanding their biogenesis and how their cargo is sorted will surely provide mechanistic insight on how Acb1 and other proteins, which include the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β or Galectin-3 in mammalian cells, are secreted.

Keywords: unconventional pathway of protein secretion,cups (compartments for unconventional protein secretion),autophagosomes,acb1,il-1beta,vesicular cargo
INTERACT: Integrating Archaeological and Climatological Datasets: Investigating Global Human-Environmental Interactions (INTERACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-12
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 21.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168741.68
EU funding (EUR): 168741.68
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Climate change has always had a marked impact on human society. In the past it was far more extreme in amplitude if not in rate than that experienced today; unfortunately this experience provides few models for the present and future since the responses of past communities to these changes still remain largely unknown. Major developments in human society since the end of the Last Ice Age are associated with the intensification food production; this includes the adoption of farming and the intensification of marine resource exploitation associated with shell middens. It has long been assumed that these were brought about by human responses to climate change, but the reality is likely to be far more complex, with local environments influenced both by climate change, and feedback from human-interactions. The development of more sophisticated theories capable of dealing with this complexity has been hampered by the inability to deal with the large data sets required to undertake detailed global comparisons. Being able to compare multiple datasets from multiple places and times has the potential to address some of the most pressing modern global issues including climate change, environmental sustainability, food security, heritage and environmental management, by employing a long-term view of human-environmental interaction and socio-economic change that can only be provided by archaeology. INTERACT aims to 1) Determine human-environmental interactions during the Holocene in sub-tropical environments, and thereby investigate the relationship between climate induced environmental changes and the adoption of both agriculture and an intensification of aquatic resource exploitation. 2) Explore these interactions through a pan-hemispheric, multi-disciplinary comparative study developing key methodologies for facilitating such a broad-scale comparative study to disseminate to the wider archaeological community.

Keywords: global archaeology,human-climate interactions,human-environment interactions,origins of farming,aquatic intensification,global comparison,data integration,climate change,environmental change
3D microscopy-guided assembly of novel hierarchical, multi-pore, multi-function catalysts for clean fuel production (3DMULTICAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Currently, there is a strong reliance on petroleum imports to satisfy Europe´s demand of liquid fuels and platform chemicals. For economic and environmental reasons, a shift in the raw materials base to greener natural gas and renewable non-edible biomass resources is a priority. Dealing with such non-conventional resources will require a significant decentralization, downscaling and intensification of the chemical processes. The rational development of new solid catalysts with porous structures tailored to control the traffic of molecules within their pores, and displaying multiple catalytic functions to effect several reactions in a cascade fashion will pave the way to these novel processes. The aim of "3DMultiCAT" is to synthesize a new generation of catalysts, with hierarchical and organized porosities at three length-scales (from Å to µm) and spatially compartmentalized functionalities. These catalysts will be applied in the wax-free synthesis of branched hydrocarbons from synthesis gas (CO+H2), which is obtained from natural gas or biomass. The catalysts will combine metal nanoparticles, to effect the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons, with acidic sites in nanosized zeolites, to in situ hydrocrack and isomerize the primary products, rendering liquid fuels in a single step. Essential is to overcome limitations of the state-of-the-art, such as intra-pore diffusion limitations for reactants (CO) in the working catalyst and the detrimental direct contact of the two types of catalytic sites. To this end, Tomographic (3D) Focus-Ion-Beam Scanning-Electron-Microscopy coupled to quantitative image analysis, and Electron Dispersive X-ray nano-spectroscopy, will be incorporated into the tool-box of catalyst design. Developed chiefly in the field of earth-sciences, these methods will serve to guide the design of the macroporous catalyst structure and the compartmentalization of the different functionalities in connected, though spatially separated pore systems.

Keywords: catalysis,porous nanotructures,macro-meso-microporous,multifunctional catalysts,zeolites,tomographic fib-sem,synthesis gas conversion,shale and associated gas,lignocellulosic biomass.