Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Acoustical and Canonical Fluid Dynamics in numerical general relativity (ACFD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United States,United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-08-15
End date: 2020-01-30
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 198481.0
EU funding (EUR): 198481.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The motion of strongly gravitating fluid bodies is described by the Euler-Einstein system of partial differential equations, combining fluid dynamics with general relativity. Centuries after their advent, the solution to these equations remains mathematically and computationally difficult, and the break-down of well-posedness on the boundary interface between fluid and vacuum remains a challenging open problem. The problem manifests itself in numerical simulations of binary neutron-star inspiral. The program will focus on formulating and implementing novel, well-posed Hamiltonian hydrodynamic schemes, suitable for inspiral simulations and gravitational-wave detector applications, with promising mathematical and computational applications in academia and industry. The scheme will use a variational principle by Carter-Lichnerowicz stating that barotropic fluid motions are conformally geodesic, a corollary of Kelvin's circulation theorem stating that initially irrotational flows remain irrotational, and Christodoulou's acoustic metric approach adopted to 3+1 numerical general relativity, in order to evolve the canonical momentum of a fluid element via Hamilton's equations. The recent observation of the inspiral and merger of binary black holes by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, which marked the beginning of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, makes this work very timely: additional observations from binary neutron star or black hole–neutron star binary mergers are anticipated over the next years. The proposed research represents a coherent program aimed at mathematically and computationally exploring the theory of neutron stars, in order to improve our understanding of fundamental physical laws and reveal how nature operates on scales where our current understanding breaks down. Improvements in calibrated semi-analytical neutron-star gravitational waveforms can be directly deployed in the LIGO-Virgo search and parameter estimation pipelines.

Keywords: general relativity,gravitational waves,relativistic fluid dynamics,numerical relativity,neutron stars,black holes,computational fluid dynamics,hyperbolic pdes,mathematical fluid dynamics
Easy Connections Assessment Portal (eCAP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for a low carbon energy system (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

eCAP is an innovative power network planning and analysis tool for self-assessment of network capacity for DG connection. eCAP provides Distributed Generation (DG) developers with the ability to analyse the viability of conventional and ANM grid connections prior to making a connection application. DG Developers are able to choose a Point of Connection (PoC) in the network and receive an estimate of the available network capacity based on the type of generation technology and rated capacity. Currently, no such tool is available to support DG Developers who are forced to undertake complex studies using specific power systems analysis software and sophisticated techniques to determine the available capacity at a given PoC. eCAP tackles this problem using a modular software solution based on original power system modelling and analysis techniques. eCAP deals with this complex problem while delivering an intuitive and straightforward interface to the users. eCAP has an intuitive, web-based platform for DG developers to consider the feasibility of ANM-based connections and allows DSOs to vastly improve their customer service by identifying opportunities for ANM solutions to free a large portion of network capacity that otherwise would not be accessible. It has been successfully demonstrated as a proof of concept as part of the Accelerating Renewable Connections project (2012-2015) in a limited grid area with many connection requests defined by the DSO, SP Energy Networks. eCAP will enhance and support the existing SGS real time control products portfolio with a new product in planning tools. This feasibility study focuses on enhanced market analysis, the benefits and feasibility of re-platforming eCAP for being commercially fit, and identifying the requirements and design of new analytical and user interface functionality.

Keywords: connection assessment,self assessment,curtailment,distributed generation,distribution network,active network management,smart grid,planning tool
Structure and mechanism of viral and cellular membrane fusion machineries (MEMBRANEFUSION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Panel description: Molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology, molecular biophysics, synthetic and chemical biology, drug design, innovative methods and modelling
Countries involved: Germany,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1965961.0
EU funding (EUR): 1785961.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Fusion of two biological membranes is essential to life. It is required during organism development, for trafficking of material between cellular compartments, for transfer of information across synapses, and for entry of viruses into cells. Fusion must be carefully controlled and the core fusion components are typically found within a complex regulatory machine. There have been decades of research on the structure and function of individual components, on the dynamics and biophysics of fusion, and on phenotypes resulting from mutating or inhibiting component proteins. These have led to a model for fusion in which regulated refolding or assembly of proteins draws two membranes closer together until they fuse. Despite this breadth of study, we know very little about how the components of the fusion machinery function in context: How are they arranged on the membrane around the site of fusion? How do they respond structurally to regulation? How does the fully assembled machinery rearrange to reshape the membrane and drive fusion? These gaps in knowledge can be attributed to a shortage of structural biology methods able to derive structural data on proteins assembled within complex, heterogeneous or dynamic environments such as a fusion site. Here I propose to apply a combination of state-of-the-art cryo-electron tomography, image processing and correlative fluorescence and electron microscopy methods to obtain detailed structural information on assembled fusion machineries and of fusion intermediates both in vitro and in vivo. I will study how influenza virus fuses with a target membrane, complemented by studies on fusion of HIV-1 and of synaptic vesicles. By determining how viral and synaptic fusion complexes reposition and restructure prior to fusion, how they arrange around the fusion site, how they reshape the membrane to induce fusion, and how these processes can be regulated and inhibited, I will derive a mechanistic model of membrane fusion in situ.

Keywords: cryo electron microscopy,membrane fusion,virus entry,influenza
Towards Higher Levels of Autonomy and Robustness in Space Operations through Uncertainty Management and Quantification (THOR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Spain,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-11-01
End date: 2024-04-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 204415.68
EU funding (EUR): 204415.68
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

The overarching goal of the THOR research project is to augment space operations autonomy and robustness through uncertainty management and quantification. This involves a bottom up process where novel uncertainty estimation and propagation techniques will be employed to be subsequently embedded within a stochastic robust controller. The main outcome will be a robust non-linear non-gaussian integrated guidance, navigation and control strategy with both model-based and exogenous disturbance estimation. Since both uncertainty sources are quantified, a more reliable and efficient space operation management and planning will be obtained. The THOR scenario relates to asteroid exploration which is one of the most challenging and uncertain space operations nowadays. This is due to the limited asteroid data known prior to the arrival if the body is visited for the first time. Two mission phases can be clearly distinguished: on-orbit data collection where most of the uncertainty will be removed by estimation; then, an entry descent and landing critical phase where the stochastic robust controller will use the previous uncertainty knowledge, is envisioned. The THOR project methodology and results are expected to advance current state-of-the-art in autonomous spacecraft guidance, navigation and control, thus enabling more advanced space exploration mission concepts with a higher scientific return, without loss of generality.

Keywords: astrodynamics spacecraft guidance,navigation and control robust control
FUll Duplex Active Cancellation for wireless communication and co-exisTence (FUDACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Serbia,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2018-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 240172.2
EU funding (EUR): 240172.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The development of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks is expected to provide technologies to support 1000x increase in data rates. To support the vision of hundreds of billions of connected devices after year 2020, many of the new technologies need to be developed. 5G is expected to utilize many more spectral bands, several of them at millimeter-wave frequencies, and much denser deployment of wireless infrastructure. As a result, co-existence between systems will be the key problem to be addressed at the physical level. In "Full Duplex Active Cancellation for wireless communication and co-exisTence" (FUDACT) we explore a set of new co-existence technologies culminating in a new radio transmission paradigm to improve spectrum efficiency. The FUDACT goal is to support two Europe 2020 flagship initiatives: Digital agenda for Europe by addressing some of the H2020 Future Internet challenges and Innovation Union by paving the way to innovation-friendly environment. FUDACT aims at a fundamental understanding of limitations of active self-cancellation techniques under conditions of simultaneous transmission and reception in close or overlapping frequency bands. The project's primary goal is to deliver a solution for a shared antenna system capable of cancelling at least a 1W transmitter (densely deployed small cells in wireless infrastructure) in the receive band, a great research challenge advancing the state of the art by at least 2 orders of magnitude. To accomplish these ambitious goals we will be pursuing the following closely related objectives: (1) Determine the technology limits of active cancellation of self-interference in wireless transceivers (2) Demonstrate an architecture capable of cancelling a +23dBm transmitter and a 0dBm of narrowband blocker (3) Investigate mixer-first receiver architectures capable of tolerating higher blocker signal levels (4) Apply the techniques (1-3) in the design of a full duplex future-oriented wireless communication network.

Keywords: spectrum efficiency,co existence,self interference cancellation,technological limits,shared antenna,blocker,suppression,deep submicron
Molecular Quantum Opto-Spintronics (MoQuOS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Panel description: Structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences, biological physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2335416.25
EU funding (EUR): 2335416.25
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The field of quantum materials has developed into an active playground for testing novel ideas and protocols for future devices governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum technologies might result in revolutionary improvements in terms of capacity, sensitivity, and speed, and will be the decisive factor for success in many industries and markets (http://qurope.eu/manifesto). Molecular magnets, realized by tailored molecules hosting magnetic ions, offer the possibility to obtain a few-spin object, necessary in order to perform basic quantum operations. The first molecular devices have enabled the read-out and manipulation of the spin states. Single-shot read-out times of one second have been achieved for a nuclear spin, which is, however, too slow for applications. Here, we will remove this bottleneck by developing reliable, fast, and scalable optical methods for the read-out of both electron and nuclear spin states allowing us to perform basic quantum-information processing protocols. The scientific approach is to use high-quality quantum emitters (NV-centers in diamond, ligand quantum emitters, 2D materials, or other optically active ions) to optically read-out efficiently the spin states of the magnetic molecules. Special care will be taken to minimize back action from the read-out emitter on the spin system and thereby preserving the quantum states. Various optical techniques (surface enhanced fluorescence, surface enhanced Raman scattering, and optical fiber scanning cavities) will be used to enhance the light-matter interaction to obtain a reliable and fast optical read-out. Due to of the possibilities of scanning the probing laser and using different fluorescence energies, the optical read-out is scalable to larger systems and 2D networks of molecules. The project deals with the fundamental science of optical manipulation and characterization of molecular qubits and will advance the field of quantum optics and quantum electronics of single-spin systems.

Keywords: single molecule magnets,molecular magnets,nanomagnetometry,quantum computation,quantum register,molecular spintronics,carbon nanotubes,quantum emitter,fluorescence,single shot read out,raman
Affordable DNA Mapping using Solidstate-Nanopores (DNA NANO MAP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175419.6
EU funding (EUR): 175419.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

DNA analysis will become an important clinical tool in identification the composition of microbial species living in the gut. The most dominant technique at the time is based on PCR amplification of the 16s rDNA gene and subsequent sequencing of the variable region in the gene. This method however is limited in the amount of detail it provides and is notoriously susceptible to primer bias. Furthermore, due to the requirement of a PCR machine and sequencer the technique is too expensive and time consuming for a clinical setting. Over the past few years nanopores have been heralded as a cheap alternative for biomolecular analysis. Specifically solid-state nanopores, which consist of a small pore in a solid membrane, have the potential for cost-effective mass-production in cleanroom facilities. Furthermore, since these pores can detect double stranded DNA they can easily be used for analysis of DNA maps. In this proposal I suggest to use DNA mapping with solid state nanopores. The basic idea is to sequence-specifically label DNA molecules using DNA Methyltransferases and synthetic analogues of the natural cofactor S-adenosyl-methionine. The pattern of labels attached to the DNA is unique for the underlying sequence. In my Ph.D. I used this method to transfer fluorescent dyes to the DNA and subsequently extracted the DNA map using super resolution fluorescence microscopy. In this case, the attached label will induce a current-drop when the DNA molecule translocates through the channel. The extracted current-trace will then be converted to a DNA map in basepairs and can be used to match to a real sequence. This proposed method can be used to identify genomic elements and eventually be used to recognize species, for a fraction of the cost of 16s rDNA sequencing.

Keywords: nanopores,mapping,methyltransferase,microbiome
Cost-effective automated equipment for life sciences and healthcare laboratories (LiST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Supporting innovative SMEs in the healthcare biotechnology sector (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Decision making in Life Science and Healthcare sector (LSH) is mainly based on laboratory tests results; errors result in up to €27.3B worth of economic damage globally or can have devastating effect such as loss of lives. Automation of laboratory operations is a one-way street for LSH laboratories in order to deal with the high volume of tests demanded and provide fast and accurate results; however, the solutions suggested should also meet their tight budgets. The objective of LiST project, which is currently positioned at TRL6, is to bring into the market a variety of cost-effective automated laboratory equipment (LiST products) all based on a common robotic platform (List platform). The innovative List platform will be able to fit different groups of specific parts (LiST tools), with each group/tool designed to perform a single application related to sample handling (SH) before or after sample storage. SH applications include basic but time- and manpower-consuming tasks that, if automated, can considerably increase laboratories' productivity and efficiency. The use of an "one-for-all" platform will reduce development costs by 60% (€160K vs. current €200-500K - only the development of the specific tools will be required) and will help us provide our customers with 15% cheaper (€9,000 vs. current €11,000) automated equipment in less time (time-to-market 6-12 vs. 24 months). HTA is a leading Italian engineering and manufacturing company in the business of scientific instrumentation to laboratories, since 25 years. Having already successfully established "one-for-all" robotic platforms in the analytical market we are now confident that the same business plan would triumph in a rapidly developing and open to automation market like LSH. The total investment of LiST is €1.15M and the average profit gain will be €0.95M/year thus the pay back of the project will be only 1.2 years after its commercialization.

Keywords: laboratory automation,automation,robotic platform,sample handing,life sciences,healthcare
Potential-dependent Second-Harmonic Generation in Optical Antennas measured Time-resolved (PoSHGOAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 137604.96
EU funding (EUR): 137604.96
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical effect, with promising applications in background-free spectroscopy, ultrafast optical switching, and optical information processing. What is missing is the integration of these effects at the nanoscale, to be sensitive down to the singe molecule level and competitive in size with silicon electronics. Metallic nanoparticles, called optical antennas (OAs), show resonances in the infrared and optical wavelength regime. They exhibit plasmons, coupled states of photons and electron density waves, which allow concentrating light much better than conventional optics, down to 10 nm³. OAs enable SHG in nanometer-sized volumes, but until now only with low efficiency. This is due to the complex task of: (i) a resonance to receive light with wavelength A, (ii) routing the energy to the OA surface (efficient SHG due to symmetry breaking), (iii) exploiting a second antenna resonance which can gather the SHG at wavelength B=A/2, and finally (iv) emitting the wavelength B to the far field. In the proposed project PoSHGOAT I will control and optimize SHG in OAs. To this aim, I will introduce four novelties to SHG research: (1) Fabrication of electrically-contacted nanoantennas with ultra-fine tips (r = 3 nm) and ultra-narrow gaps (g = 3 nm) by a subsequent Ga-ion and He-ion milling procedure. (2) Modulation of the surface charges in metallic nanoparticles by applying an external potential. (3) Time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy of SHG with an applied voltage, eventually even with induced tunnelling of electrons in a highly asymmetric antenna gap. This will establish ultrafast control over the OA surface charge density and, thus, SHG. (4) Numerical modelling of SHG and evolutionary optimization of nanoparticle geometries to maximize SHG in optical antennas. All these efforts together will increase our understanding of nonlinear processes in plasmonic resonators, towards novel design rules for nonlinear plasmonic devices.

Keywords: pump probe spectroscopy,electron tunneling,evolutionary optimization,he ion beam milling