Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Sephardi Halakhic Literature and Ladino Rabbinic Language (SEPHARAB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184558.8
EU funding (EUR): 184558.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is the study of practical halakhic guides for religious observance written by Sephardi rabbis in Judeo-Spanish between the 16th and 20th centuries, in their social and religious contexts. The Ladino rabbinic texts under discussion were printed in Hebrew letters and include elements of diverse linguistic origins, among them, elements from Hebrew and Aramaic. Researchers dealing with these texts need to have an interdisciplinary background combining both Jewish and Hispanic studies, in addition to other fields. The project description has three foci: 1) the intensive complementary training program of the researcher, who already has solid prior scholarly experience in the field of Ladino rabbinic language and literature; 2) the nature of the cooperation between the research trainee and the local authority in Jewish languages (Ladino, Yiddish), and the means the latter will use to supervise the trainee’s work; 3) the framework in which the training will take place, at the highest-level Ladino studies program in Israel, in its most prestigious faculty of humanities. The principal objectives for the researcher’s training, which are intended to have a significant impact on the furtherance of her scholarly career, are: bibliographical data gathering at the richest libraries of Ladino literature in Israel; a fine-tuning of the researcher’s training in Ladino linguistics and literature; the undertaking of a comparative Jewish interlinguistic study of Ladino and Yiddish rabbinical texts; the organization of an international conference on Ladino and Yiddish rabbinical literature; the assuming by the trainee of teaching responsibilities at the host institution; and the improvement of the researcher’s knowledge of Hebrew, as well as her acquisition of Yiddish linguistic skills and familiarity with Yiddish rabbinical literature. The expected results will include a survey of the most representative authors and works of halakhic literature in Ladino and Yiddish; a formulation of the salient characteristics and subgenres of these works; an analysis of the purposes the halakhic works were meant to serve; a study of their contents (laws, prayers and religious practices; moral teachings, rabbinic tales, folklore, popular culture; and private and public life of the Sephardic Jews scattered thorough the Mediterranean basin); and an analysis of the linguistic varieties of Ladino in which the works were written.

Keywords: literature,linguistics,edition of judeo-spanish texts,sephardi rabbinic language and literature,sephardi / jewish studies,judaism,spanish philology,social sciences and humanities
Advanced light trapping with dielectric micro-particle self-assembled arrays for low-cost and high-performance thin film solar cells (DIELECTRIC PV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-11-01
End date: 2016-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 153330.0
EU funding (EUR): 153330.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A novel light trapping approach will be developed to enhance the absorption of thin film silicon (Si) solar cells using periodic arrangements of resonant dielectric micro-particles (DMPs) with dimensions on the other of the illuminating wavelengths. The main goal is to construct prototype cells that show enhanced sunlight-to-electricity conversion efficiency due to the action of DMP arrays incorporated on their transparent top contact. The strategy investigated here deals with advanced optical concepts that allow the manipulation and concentration of light in ways that can greatly surpass conventional geometrical optics or sub-wavelength plasmonics, by employing wavelength-sized dielectric scatterers. Therefore, the results of this work should not only broaden the understanding of the scientific community in the field of physical optics, but also foster the interest of the photovoltaics community towards light trapping with DMPs, a topic that is currently still under germination. The project will involve computational and experimental work executed in parallel in the Portuguese host institution CENIMAT-I3N, a world-renowned nanotechnology center in the area of functional materials. The computational studies will be performed using a finite-elements-method software (COMSOL) to optimize the physical parameters of the DMPs that allow maximum photocurrent enhancement in the Si cell material. The DMP structures will be then fabricated in laboratory using colloidal self-assembly combined with lithographic processes, and implemented in solar cells grown by plasmon-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The work will be performed in close collaboration with the Italian institute IMM-CNR, a top microelectronics center where the candidate is currently working as a Marie Curie ITN Experienced Researcher. Therefore, the project shall nourish a new partnership between CENIMAT and IMM which is likely to be extended to other research and industrial partners in the European Union.

Keywords: photovoltaics,thin film silicon solar cells,nanophotonics,light trapping,physical optics,wavelength-sized scatterers,dielectric micro-particles,colloidal self-assembly,colloidal lithography
Bacterial interaction in the oceans: Synergy among heterotrophic bacteria involved in the cycling of one-carbon compounds and its impact on the marine carbon cycle (BIOSHARE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268329.3
EU funding (EUR): 268329.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A drop of seawater reveals a complex network of life teeming with bacteria that simultaneously consume and synthesize material and energy with a relentless efficiency and thus serve other organisms in the marine food web. The metabolisms of marine bacteria represent an important source and sink for compounds of environmental significance such as climatically active one-carbon (C1) compounds. Yet, despite their importance in the global carbon cycle and climate regulation, bacteria involved in C1 cycling are still poorly understood. While microbial oceanographers are slowly starting to recognize the possibilities of cooperation in the oceanic microbial world, I hypothesize that beneficial interactions between bacteria involved in C1 cycling, may have tremendous impact on marine, and even global, carbon cycling. Therefore, this project seeks to gain insight into the sociobiology of bacterioplankton in relation to the cycling of C1 compounds through the following objectives: i) identify bacteria consuming C1 compounds and determine their spatial variability and coupling with other marine bacteria in contrasting oceanic regions; ii) study the temporal variations and co-occurrence of C1 compounds producers and consumers under defined experimental conditions and iii) gain insight into their interactions using model organisms and specific substrates in controlled experiments. Through combination of multidisciplinary techniques in controlled experiments and in situ, the proposed project will help understand the impact of bacteria on ecosystem functioning. The proposed research follows recommendations from the European marine board on key questions in aquatic microbial ecology; by helping to predict how environmental factors influence co-regulations of metabolisms between bacteria and how microscale synergy influences ecosystem functioning. Moreover, this project will enhance the quality of research in Europe through the transfer of knowledge and collaborations with the US.

Keywords: marine bacteria,interaction,methylotrophs,methylovores,one-carbon compound,pacific ocean,mediterranean sea,atomic force microscopy,transcriptomic,biochemistry,model organism
Re-Engineering Europe's STEM Pipeline (REESP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-09
End date: 2016-06-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 254637.8
EU funding (EUR): 254637.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The EU faces an alarming deficit of engineers—in 2011 Germany fell 76,400 engineers short. To address this and diversify perspectives, the EU must attract and retain more women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Findings of research I conducted as a Fulbright to Ireland in Engineering Education indicate Project-Based Learning (PBL) increases student engagement and many help address reasons women avoid STEM subjects. Today, there is a gap in understanding why women chose engineering and how they experience PBL. Phenomenology provides an ideal framework for studying this. Two exploratory studies conducted during my Fulbright provide a foundation: 1) Designing the Identities of Engineers and 2) Using Learning Groups to Transform Engineering Education: A Phenomenological Study of Educators’ Experiences of Change. I propose to extend this work with a Phenomenological Study of How Women Experience Engineering Education: Understanding How PBL Influences Their Decisions to Join or Leave Engineering. Participants will be women in Ireland, Portugal, and Poland from four segments of the engineering pipeline (high school, college, early career, and late career/CEOs), including those who have experienced PBL and others who have not. I will investigate effects of PBL tools DIT and I designed (RoboSumo for college students and RoboSlam: Robot-Building Workshops for teens and facilitators/engineers). We will transfer knowledge with: 1) RoboSlam and 2) development of a new Master’s program to infuse cutting-edge research and pedagogy into engineering curricula worldwide. Both will be tested in 3 EU countries. This project addresses leaks in Europe’s STEM pipeline that lead to shortfall—and lack of diversity—among European engineers. It will produce publications on gender and PBL, tailor phenomenology for use in engineering education research, infuse innovations and research into engineering education, and apply PBL to attract/retain diverse engineers.

Keywords: stem education,engineering education,engineering education research,phenemonology,diversity,gender,identity,curriculum development
Calibrating Exoplanetary Atmospheres Using Benchmark Brown Dwarfs (CALEXOPLAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 379665.2
EU funding (EUR): 379665.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Low-mass brown dwarfs in wide binary systems with young stars provide unparalleled opportunities for critically testing and improving the atmospheric model grids that are fundamental to interpreting observations of giant exoplanets. By data-mining the latest generation of wide field infrared surveys (e.g. VISTA, UHS, WISE) to select a sample of benchmark L and T dwarfs that maximise overlap in parameter space with exoplanets, and have well constrained bulk properties such as age, temperature and metallicity, we will greatly improve our ability to robustly characterise giant exoplanets. Detailed spectroscopic and photometric observations of this sample will provide crucial tests that will change the state of the art in atmospheric modelling. This International Outgoing Fellowship is devised to equip the fellow with detailed theoretical understanding of the complex atmospheric models that are fundamental to understanding the observations of giant exoplanets through a secondment with a world leading theorist. The knowledge gained during this phase will be leveraged during the return phase such that the full scientific potential of this ambitious survey may be realised. Substellar and exoplanetary models are extremely complex and their production is an inherently multidisciplinary exercise in physics, chemistry and high-performance computing. They incorporate gas phase and surface chemistry, molecular opacities, condensate clouds, composition variations, atmospheric dynamics and radiative transfer. By pursuing this project, the Fellow will develop a unique cross-disciplinary skill set and combination of expertise spanning the observational and theoretical aspects of understanding substellar and exoplanetary atmospheres, bringing significant benefits both in terms of career progression and achieving the long term science goals of European exoplanetary research.

Keywords: p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology,exoplanets,planetary science,v201 meteorology - atmospheric physics and dynamics,che
Disambiguating the Invisible Universe (DRKFRCS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268685.6
EU funding (EUR): 268685.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I aim to put into effect a new method for discerning the properties of dark energy (DE) from observational data that will be collected by the Euclid satellite. Current methods are tuned for discovery of any effect of DE that is different from the cosmological constant. Unfortunately, they most likely will not be able to determine what the precise mechanism is. For this, we must measure the scale dependence of the effect of DE on the growth of structure in cosmology and relate this to the theoretical model space. All classes of DE models predict some average equation of state and some averaged growth rate for dark matter perturbations. The precise values of these parameters are determined by some combination and evolution history of the Lagrangian coefficients. However, different classes of DE models predict fundamentally different scale dependence in appropriate model-independent observables. This allows us to disambiguate the DE model class. I am one of the proponents of this new method of probing DE and a recognised expert on the theory and phenomenology of general DE models. Holding this Fellowship now would allow me to develop this method further, integrating it with the work of the Euclid collaboration, such that it could be in place in time for when Euclid starts taking data in 2020. This training I would obtain would build out my skillset from the very theoretical toward observations. This method is unique in that it would allow us to exclude any scalar-field model as a mechanism for DE. If DE is a scalar field, this method would place constraints or exclude whole classes of theories without involving potentially unphysical parameterisations.

Keywords: cosmology,dark energy,modified gravity,structure formation,euclid
Mechanisms of post-mating sexual selection in a marine invertebrate (POMASE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 198776.4
EU funding (EUR): 198776.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sexual selection continues after mating up to the point of fertilization (post-mating sexual selection, PMSS) through intersexual selection (cryptic female choice, CFC) and intrasexual selection between ejaculates (sperm competition, SC). Although PMSS is ubiquitous in nature, the mechanisms and selective processes underlying both CFC and SC have remained largely enigmatic. CFC is often thought to be mediated by interactions between reproductive proteins of eggs and sperm that mediate the fusion of gametes at fertilization. However, only a few empirical studies have directly tested this prediction. Similarly, our understanding of intrasexual PMSS is equally poor, because we lack a general understanding of how selection operates on the multiple ejaculate traits that make up the ejaculate as single integrated unit. I will clarify these weakly known parts of the sexual selection in broadcast spawning marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Specifically, I will utilize the latest technological and methodological advances of proteomics and recently devised method for fluorescent staining of living spermatozoa. Together, these approaches will enable me to characterize and identify the proteome of male and female gametes and investigate whether egg-derived sperm chemoattractants have the capacity to bias competitive fertilization success (i.e. the outcome of CFC and SC). In addition, I will characterize patterns of multivariate selection on ejaculate traits when sperm compete to fertilize the eggs, thus addressing one of the key challenges remaining in sexual selection research. Proposed methodological approaches are rarely applied to evolutionary studies and have never been combined into PMSS research. I anticipate that this research will reveal previously unknown mechanisms of PMSS and thus may lead to groundbreaking findings that broaden our current understanding of sexual selection.

Keywords: chemotaxis,cryptic female choice,mytilus galloprovincialis,post-mating sexual selection,protein,sperm competition
An in-vivo RNAi approach to identify and evaluate suppressors of anti-tumor T cell immunity (ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-15
End date: 2017-02-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186783.6
EU funding (EUR): 186783.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The immune system plays a major role in safeguarding us from cancer. Tumor progression is closely linked to functional suppression of T cell responses, and strategies to reactivate tumor-specific CD8+ T cells hold great promise for cancer therapy, as evidenced by recent clinical breakthroughs. However, the further exploration of such therapies is hampered by our incomplete understanding of key genes and pathways involved in suppression of anti-tumor T cell immunity. Here, we propose an innovative approach combining three well-established experimental systems - genetically engineered mouse models of human cancer, T cell receptor/cognate antigen transgenic mice, and advanced in-vivo RNAi screening technologies - to systematically identify and functionally evaluate genes involved in this process. Specifically, we will establish an experimentally scalable in-vivo RNAi system to investigate genes modulating interactions between OT-I transgenic T cells and cOVA expressing cancer models, and use it in a multiplex in-vivo RNAi screen to survey a focused shRNA library targeting ~400 candidate T cell suppressor genes. Using this innovative screening approach and a sequential functional validation strategy, we seek to identify and functionally study new factors involved in the suppression of anti-tumor T cell immunity, ultimately to guide the development of more effective targeted cancer therapies.

Keywords: cancer immunology,genetically engineered mouse models of human cancer,acute myeloid leukemia,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,in-vivo rnai,multiplexed rnai screening,drug target discovery
VTA-specific noradrenergic regulation of motivational control (VTANORREGMOTCONTROL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Poland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2017-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 140863.8
EU funding (EUR): 140863.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Motivational control is crucial for adaptive behaviors. Conversely, disruption of motivational control leads to maladaptive behaviors and is one of the core symptoms of addiction. Noradrenaline (NA) system, encompassing NA neurons in locus coeruleus and nucleus tractus solitiarius is well positioned to regulate motivational control; however its exact contribution is not fully understood. Here we aim to evaluate the role of NA system activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in motivational control in both opiate-naive and opiate-exposed mice. Using behavioral model of motivational control in combination with real-time, dynamic optical stimulation of NA neurons terminals in the VTA we plan to provide unprecedented data on NA mechanisms of motivational control and identify specific brain locus within the NA system responsible for specific type of motivational control. In addition, proposed project aims at transfering optogenetics "know how" to the host Institution.

Keywords: noradrenaline,reward,salience,ventral tegmental area,locus coeruleus,nucleus tractus solitiarius,optogenetics