Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric flux-measurements of precursor-gases for air-quality and climate research (ALP-AIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Observational capabilities are a critical component for advancing surface-atmosphere interactions science. This includes state-of-the-art capabilities for analyzing trace gas fluxes in support of the wider Earth science research community as well as the development of cutting edge technology that will lead the community toward a new generation of analytical capabilities needed to improve Earth system models. Here it is proposed to develop a comprehensive research program allowing the investigation of the exchange of reactive (volatile organic compounds (VOC), NOx, O3, CO, CH4) and non-reactive (H2O, CO2) trace constituents at the surface-atmosphere interface based on novel time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled to chemical ionization. Methods developed and tested within this project have the potential to lead to a long-term research program at the host organization aimed at the development of comprehensive instrumentation for eddy covariance measurements of reactive trace gases and aerosols and their application to atmospheric research. The proposed research activity will therefore provide new tools to the environmental monitoring community (e.g. the fluxnet communities such as CarboEurope or NitroEurope). Eddy flux systems developed and tested within this project will be evaluated at a newly established research flux site (i-BOX) at the host organization, targeting the investigation of trace gas exchange processes in orographically complex terrain in an Alpine valley, which is also subject to intense air pollution problems. Technology proposed within this project will ultimately provide critical data aiding in developing cost-effective control strategies and shed light on potential synergistic and antagonistic effects between air pollution and climate change regulation.

Keywords: v201 atmospheric chemistry - air pollution,v201 meteorology - atmospheric physics and dynamics
Simulating adaptation of forest management to changing climate and disturbance regimes (SAGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 87500.0
EU funding (EUR): 87500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Forest disturbance regimes have intensified distinctly in recent decades, and climate change is expected to further increase the frequency and severity of disturbance events. Adaptation is thus necessary to mitigate detrimental effects of this intensification on the sustainable provisioning of ecosystem services. However, while we’re beginning to understand the responses of individual disturbance agents to a changing climate, our knowledge on disturbance regimes (i.e. multiple agents interacting in space and time) is still limited. The development of adaptation strategies is further complicated by remaining deficiencies in our conception of forests as coupled human and natural systems. While forest models are increasingly able to simulate climate change impacts dynamically, human responses to these ecosystem changes are still widely represented as static prescriptions in such models, neglecting the adaptive capacity in silviculture. The here presented research agenda addresses these issues, with the overall aim to foster adaptation to changing climate and disturbance regimes in forest management. We will study wind – bark beetle interactions based on empirical data from long-term ecosystem research, and implement such interactions into a novel forest landscape simulator. We will furthermore develop an agent-based model of forest management within this simulation framework, with the ability to adapt management dynamically to the conditions emerging from the simulation. Harnessing these methodological advances in a number of case studies we will address questions such as whether interactions will amplify the climate sensitivity of disturbance regimes further, and how response diversity in multi-owner landscapes affects adaptive capacity. The project aims at improving the robustness of disturbance management and thus makes an important contribution to adapting sustainable forest management to changing climate and disturbance regimes.

Keywords: v406 forestry - biomass production,v101 environment and sustainability,v201 climatology and climate change,forest ecosystem management,adaptive management,ecosystem modeling,disturbance ecology
Interplay between the program of DNA replication and meiotic recombination (MEIOREP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The control of genome duplication is critical for proper cell growth and proliferation. Errors in DNA synthesis and defects in genome maintenance have been linked to many human diseases such as cancer. In eukaryotes, replication initiates at sites located throughout the genome called origins, whose activation and distribution define the program of DNA replication. However, while changes in this pattern of replication have been observed in Xenopus and Drosophila during development, in differentiating mouse and human cells, and in a number of cancers, it remains unknown whether undergoing S phase with particular programs of origin selection has actual consequences on cellular function. Using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, an excellent model for studying cell cycle progression and DNA replication, we have investigated the impact of modifying origin usage on the process of meiosis. Our work indicates that origin selection is a major determinant for organizing meiotic recombination, providing the first evidence for functional consequences of genome-wide changes in the replication program. Taking advantage of the system that we have established, we propose to study the links between these two fundamental processes at both the population and single cell levels, focusing on the mechanisms that coordinate origin activity with the exchange of genetic material through meiotic recombination.

Keywords: l101 molecular biology and interactions,l303 cell cycle and division,l103 dna biosynthesis - modification - repair and degradation
Eye-hand coordination in space and time (EYEHAND)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Loss of arm function can have a severe impact on a patient’s life and results in a loss of productivity. As a remedy, scientists are currently developing brain-machine interfaces, which ultimately would allow patients to control a cybernetic arm by thought, through signals recorded from the brain. Even though many basic real-life situations, such as interacting with other people and navigating traffic, require movement coordination in both space and time, surprisingly little is known about how the brain simultaneously controls both these aspects of a movement. This limitation is fueled by the difficulty of extracting signatures of spatial and temporal control from behavioral or neural signals. There is a need for a new paradigm that allows for the systematic examination of interceptive timing and positioning in isolation. In EYEHAND, I will develop and use such a paradigm for in depth investigation – using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) – of the neural basis of eye-hand coordination in space and time. This work will ultimately contribute to neurorehabilitation through improvements of brain machine interfaces and to the development of novel training tasks.

Keywords: l508 behavioral neuroscience,l501 neuroanatomy and neurophysiology
Mechanisms of Emotion Control: Identifying Neuro-Cognitive Abnormalities Predisposing to Hypertension (COEM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Essential hypertension (EH) is the most important risk factor for cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases, the most common cause of premature death in industrialized countries. This proposal addresses the hypothesis that neuro-cognitive abnormalities serve as a key risk factors in the development of EH. It is well established that patients with EH, and healthy individuals genetically at risk to develop hypertension later in life, show cognitive abnormalities. They further exhibit magnified neural and vascular reactions to aversive stimuli. Taken together, this evidence suggests that abnormal functioning of cognitive control mechanisms may underlie the enhanced reactions to aversive events, which may result in persistent hypertension. The current proposal is based on two phases: first, a series of behavioural experiments will examine attention-emotion interactions in healthy participants. These experiments will examine which stages in emotional processing may be modulated by attention, as well as possible interaction between expectancy and attention biases. At a second step, research will focus on identifying neuro-cognitive abnormalities in individuals at high-risk to develop EH. To this aim, the tasks established in the first phase will be employed in healthy individuals at high- or low-risk to develop EH. This phase will be based on simultaneous measurement of fMRI and continuous blood pressure in order to assess the impact of attention on immediate vascular responses to aversive stimuli. The proposed experiments are expected to shed light on deficient cognitive mechanisms of emotion modulation predisposing to EH. The use of cutting-edge measurement methods and advanced analysis is expected to provide much needed new data on how the brain controls reactions to aversive information in health and disease.

Keywords: s203 neuropsychology and cognitive psychology,attention resources,emotional processing,fmri,blood pressure,essential hypertension
EXCITED STATES AS PROBES TO INVESTIGATE DRUG-DNA AND DRUG-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS. PHOTOSENSITIZED PROCESSES LEADING TO DAMAGE TO BIOMOLECULES (PHOTOBIODRUG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 50000.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Specific interactions between drugs and biomolecules are fundamental to many biological processes. It is well known that biomolecules can undergo extensive changes upon irradiation in the presence of drugs, which can behave as photosensitizers leading to adverse side-effects (e. g., to a loss of their biological function). Thus, protein-protein photocrosslinking, or drug-protein photobinding originating photoallergy, as well as DNA damage resulting in photomutagenicity and photogenotoxicity, are well known. Clearly, a precise knowledge of the active sites where drugs can interact with biomolecules and the involved reaction mechanisms would contribute to understanding the photosensitizing potential of new drug candidates. To address this issue, photophysical techniques (fluorescence and transient absorption techniques, from the femtosecond to the nanosecond time scales) will be used in order to get insight into the mechanisms involved in drug-DNA or drug-protein interactions as well as to improve the knowledge in the photochemical reaction pathways that can provoke damage to the biomolecule. To this end, model systems, whose complexity will be progressively increased, that simulate the real drug-biomolecule interactions, will be designed in order to study their photophysical properties and photochemical reactivity. Investigation on the mechanistic pathways leading to photodamage may thus contribute to the design of new therapeutic agents inducing less adverse side effects to the organism, which may have applications in pharmaceutical and skin photoprotection industries.

Keywords: c103 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques,c113 physical chemistry of biological systems,c118 photochemistry,c141 organic chemistry
Targeting microRNAs for ColoRectal Cancer Therapy (TAMIRCRT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in cell homeostasis and carcinogenesis. MicroRNA deregulation is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. My study proposes to identify genetic and epigenetic events leading to microRNAs deregulation and use them as targets for drug development. My research proposal will address two important questions. First it will assess the contribution of genetic and epigenetic events in controlling microRNA genes and cancer phenotype. Second it will define synthetic lethal interaction between microRNA genes aberration and kinase genes in order to define novel target for therapy. Mutations and promoter methylation of microRNA genes and microRNA processing genes will be analyzed by massive parallel sequencing in a first cohort of CRC. Mathematical and in vitro analysis will be performed to test whether a mutation is a driver or passenger one. The frequency of driver mutations and promoter methylation will be confirmed in a large case-control study encompassing 2500 CRC patients. Mutational and methylation status will be matched with clinical-pathological features in order to detect correlations with clinical outcome. In order to translate my findings into drug development, genetic aberration in microRNA genes will be reproduced in CRC cell lines. Isogenic cell lines harboring the wild type or the mutant allele will be tested for cell viability in a parallel RNAi screening using siRNA libraries targeting kinase. Protein kinases are important mediators of microRNA function. More importantly, catalytic inhibitors of kinase can be easily developed making them attractive targets for synthetic lethality screening and drug development.

Keywords: cancer,microrna,colorectal,therapeutics
Prohibition of general monitoring obligations and stay-down injunctions in light of the proportionality requirement: a European and comparative study (STAY-DOWN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2017-06-12
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to study the relationship between the prohibition on intermediaries of general monitoring obligations and the permanent removal of illegal content on the Internet (known as “stay-down” orders). This relationship will be studied in light of the proportionality principle that permeates the European legal system, as well as the technical characteristics of monitoring tools. We intend to develop a model where the multiple interests involved, especially when they emanate from fundamental and human rights, will be properly balanced. We anticipate that our results will offer a set of normative concepts and standards that will be essential for courts to issue stay-down orders that are proportionate and fair, but also dissuasive. Our findings will also be extremely beneficial for legislators and policymakers when the time for new legislation comes.

Keywords: s110 legal systems - constitutions - foundations of law,s111 private - public and social law,comparative and eu law,fundamental and human rights,illegality on the internet,proportionality
Structural Basis for the Molecular Mechanisms Involving the Ska Complex in Establishing Stable Kinetochore - Microtubule Attachments. (STRUCTMITO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cell division, the accurate transfer of genetic information from one cell generation to the next is the molecular basis of life. A number of mitotic molecular machines involving an extensive network of protein-protein interactions are implicated in regulating cell division. Kinetochore (KT) - Microtubule (MT) attachments are central to the accurate chromosome segregation. Among the KT associated proteins, set of proteins called KMN network (KNL-1-Ndc80-Mis12) provides direct MT interactions. Proteins and protein complexes including the Chromosomal Passenger complex (AuroraB – Survivin – Borealin – INCENP ; CPC), Mps1, Bub1, BubR1, Bub3, Mad1, spindly, dynenin-dynactin and the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) regulate correct progression of cell division by participating in the quality control mechanism called the spindle checkpoint ensuring the correct KT-MT attachments. Recently identified Ska complex is emerging as a key player in establishing stable KT-MT attachments and coordinating the timely onset of anaphase by interacting with members of the spindle checkpoint. The key goals of the proposed research are to understand 1.the molecular mechanisms by which the Ska complex stabilizes KT-MT attachments 2.how interaction of the Ska complex with spindle checkpoint components coordinate the timely onset of anaphase? The objectives will be achieved by structurally characterizing intermolecular interactions that involve the Ska complex mainly using X-ray crystallography in combination with negative stain EM and biochemical/biophysical and cell-based assays.

Keywords: l107 structural biology,l303 cell cycle and division
BIOMECHATRONIC EPP UPPER LIMB PROSTHESIS (BIOMECHATRONICS EPP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-16
End date: 2018-10-16
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Upper limb prostheses have made considerable scientific progress in the last 20 years. This progress though is based on velocity control, which is not the best option for subconscious control. Extended Physiological Proprioception (EPP) provides position control and has been proven to be better as a control methodology for upper-limb prostheses than velocity control. EPP is difficult to implement since it requires: (a) the use of a harness or a post-amputation cineplasty surgical procedure and (b) a direct mechanical linkage (Bowden cable) between the control site and the prosthesis. For the above shortcomings, EPP was abandoned in the later years. We propose a biomechatronics-based master/slave topology which is going to provide an EPP-equivalent control but without the use of a harness, cineplasty, or Bowden cable. The proposed control uses an implanted tendon force and position transducer (TETRA) in series to specific muscles/tendons implanted at the time of amputation, providing an input source for the commanding signal. This signal - conditioned inside the body - is transmitted wirelessly to the Master Motor Controller which will drive the prosthesis proportionally to the commanding signal. Position, velocity and force sensors on the prosthesis will be inputs to the Slave Motor Controller which will provide as output a tactor proprioceptive feedback on the skin of the amputated limb proportional to the position, velocity and force of the prosthesis. This output from the tactor is going to be integrated by the skin mechanoreceptors of the skin of the amputee and will provide a proprioceptive feedback status of the prosthesis which will be integrated subconsciously by the human and taken into account at the next commanding signal stemming from the position, velocity and force of the contracted muscletendon complex. This architecture will provide an integrated EPP-equivalent control scheme for upper-limb prosthesis without the disadvantages of previous EPP config.

Keywords: g210 robotics,g209 man-machine interfaces