Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Talent and Learning in Imperfect Markets (TLIM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1003439.98
EU funding (EUR): 1003439.98
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall effectiveness at which the underlying talent resources in an economy are utilized is an important determinant of long-run economic growth and well-being. Recent work has shown that the processes through which talent is discovered and revealed in the economy are likely to suffer from market imperfections that are analogous to problems that have been for long been understood in the context of private provision of job training and education, resulting in not just reduced economic efficiency but also contributing to income inequality. The first basic question is what is the role of talent rents in explaining income inequality? In a static world where all information about talent is known, such talent rents would merely be compensation to a scarce factor of production. However, when the discovery of talent is subject to market imperfections then income differences that ostensibly look like talent rents are partly due to inefficient information rents. This raises the second and novel question, about whether and to what extent observed income differences are due to inefficient rents to information about talent that masquerade as talent rents. I also plan to investigate how technological change has impacted the distribution of talent rents via its effect on the discovery/revelation process of talent. The larger goal of the project is to help understand the economy-wide implications of institutions and policies that govern the discovery and allocation of talent in the economy. Better understanding could also point the way towards improved policy interventions.

Keywords: talent,learning,real options,incomplete markets,liquidity constraints,human capital,on-the-job learning,learning-by-doing
TEMPLATE-ASSISTED DEPOSITION OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS AND DEVICES (TEMADEP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium,Lithuania,France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 153000.0
EU funding (EUR): 104400.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Template-based deposition for the synthesis of nanowires and nanotubes is extensively reported for metals, alloys, and semiconductors. Properties and possible applications of such nanostructured materials were investigated to some extent; inclusive by parties cooperating in this project, but there is still a large need for an ample scientific study in order to support a future implementation in the European industry. This multidisciplinary project comprises research activities in electrochemistry, materials science, surface technology, film/nanostructures characterization, tribology, and corrosion science, and includes the electrodeposition, structural, mechanical, morphological characterization of deposits, corrosion and wear protection. The low cost electrodeposition of the following alloys is of interest in this project, namely alloys containing iron group metals, tungsten-containing iron group alloys, Mo-Ni alloys. Taking into account the large potential of such procedures for the electroforming of nanostructures and MEMS, the objective of this project is to intensify research activities to select and to improve existing procedures and plating bath formulations to deposit nanocrystalline films with a roughness equal or less than the roughness of the substrates. The films/coatings must posses pre-specified structural, mechanical, tribological, and chemical properties that are necessary to apply them in electroformed nanostructures such as nanowires/nanotubes, and in MEMS. Mapping of tribological, thermal, magnetic and corrosion behavior of films/coatings and nanowires/nanotubes, and MEMS will perform. The market potential of obtained results will analyze.

Keywords: chemistry,electrochemistry,materials engineering,nanotechnology
Scalable, Tunable and Resilient Optical Networks Guaranteeing Extremely-high Speed Transport (STRONGEST)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Pervasive and Trustworthy network and service infrastructures
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,United Kingdom,Spain,Germany,Germany,Spain,Greece,Cyprus,Israel,United Kingdom,Belgium,Italy
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 12509207.0
EU funding (EUR): 7386016.0
Participants: 19
Project status: CLOSED

Internet traffic has been growing quickly for many years, despite adverse economic conditions and this growth will continue in the future. To cope with this evolution, the cost of today’s network solutions is still too high. In addition, in line with the EC goal of reducing the overall emissions, energy efficiency should be widely improved, using whenever possible optics instead of electronics where only transport is required. Moreover, due to the unpredictable traffic increase, flexible bandwidth management has to be used instead of fixed allocated bandwidth. For these reasons, the key requirements of innovative ultra-high bandwidth networks refer to scalability, flexibility, assurance of end-to-end quality of service and energy efficiency, beside reduction of total cost of ownership. In the data plane, current equipment and network architectures still provide limited scalability, are not cost-effective and do not properly guarantee end-to-end quality of service. In the control plane, the open issue is to define an end-to-end control structure that allows different technologies and domains to inter-work efficiently, incorporating virtualization of network resources. Based on these rationales, STRONGEST’s main objective is: To design and demonstrate an evolutionary ultra-high capacity multilayer transport network, compatible with Gbit/s access rates, based on optimized integration of Optical and Packet nodes, and equipped with a multi-domain, multi-technology control plane. This network will offer: High scalability and flexibility Guaranteed end-to-end performance and survivability Increased energy efficiency Reduced total cost of ownership Feasibility studies and experimental implementation and demonstration of prototypes will be key activities, as well. STRONGEST will also feed the collaboration with other Projects and the submission of specific contributions to ITU-T, OIF, IETF, thus reinforcing European position in standardization bodies.

Keywords: optical networks,packet transport,control plane,end-to-end quality of service,access/metro/backbone network integration
Visualization of Dendritic cell IL-12 production and engagement with antigen-specific T cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in vivo (DC-MTB INTERACTIONS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a major pathogen that continues to trouble mankind and puzzle immunologists. There is today a growing need for a better understanding of Mtb infection. Dendritic cells (DC) are unique in that they both prime T cells and through IL-12 production direct their differentiation into anti-mycobacterial effector cells. So studying DC and IL-12 during infection has direct implications for improving our fundamental grasp of immunity to this pathogen. DC-T cell contacts occur in the lymph node (LN). However, if and where DC produce IL-12 in vivo remains unknown. In fact, most of the data on DC responses to Mtb comes from in vitro studies that fail to consider the microenvironment of the LN and its constraints on cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. The questions herein address the spatiotemporal regulation of mycobacterial antigen acquisition and IL-12 production by DC and whether they give rise to antigen-specific interactions with T cells that dictate effector function generation. These questions remain at large due to methodological impediments. Visualization techniques provide a valuable insight into the complex in situ interplay between DC, Mtb and T cells that governs the host-pathogen standoff. Improvements in imaging now permit the undertaking of these studies in full dynamic view. Visualizing these vital interactions offer new perspectives into understanding and thus manipulating DC for immunotherapy and vaccination benefits.

Keywords: immunology,infections,tuberculosis,dendritic cells,cytokines,imaging,transgenic mice
Metro Architectures enablINg Sub-wavelengths (MAINS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Pervasive and Trustworthy network and service infrastructures
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Cyprus,United Kingdom,Ireland
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2800695.0
EU funding (EUR): 1956310.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

Metro Architectures Enabling Sub-Wavelengths is a project that directly addresses the central theme of the 4th Call for Pervasive &amp; Trustworthy Network &amp; Service Infrastructure. This central theme is the recognition worldwide that the network architectures of the last 20 years were never designed to cope with the new types of demands driven by phenomenon like the Internet, Video, Search, Social Networking and Cloud Computing. MAINS proposes 2 new architectures, a new approach to network management and will demonstrate an application that uses this new architecture to virtualise personal computer services. The key is the use of sub-wavelengths (bursty time-shared use of a single wavelength) by building an architecture based on dynamic time-shared use of ultra-fast tunable components and optical burst switching systems. Furthermore, the MAINS project will evaluate its outcome in hybrid mesh-ring test-bed that features innovative sub-wavelength switching nodes from University of Essex and Intune Networks. Finally, MAINS will perform a field trial involving real users in Cyprus, which will demonstrate a virtual PC application over sub-wavelength switching network as a proof-of-concept. MAINS outcome will allow efficient deployment of distributed application servers in a metro network, by means of a novel service to network interface and an extended GMPLS control plane. As a result, both CAPEX and OPEX are reduced, while enhanced capabilities for service deployment are achieved.

Keywords: metro architectures,subwavelength-granularity,service to network interface,gmpls extended control plane,xml access to control plane.
Feedback Analysis for User adaptive Statistical Translation (FAUST)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Cognitive systems, interaction, robotics
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain,Czechia,France,United States,Romania
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2013-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3761436.0
EU funding (EUR): 2850000.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The FAUST project will develop machine translation (MT) systems which respond rapidly and intelligently to user feedback. Current web-based MT systems provide high-volume translation without real-time. Most systems provide no opportunity for users to offer opinions or corrections for translation results. Other systems ask users for feedback on translation, however the user does not see any benefit to providing feedback: the translation does not change in response to the feedback. Our goal is to develop high-volume translation systems capable of adapting to user feedback in real-time. We will build on the current leading commercial statistical MT systems developed by Language Weaver and deployed by Softissimo Inc at Reverso.net. Our research will be based on translation in five bidirectional language pairs in these EU official languages: Czech-English, French-English, Romanian-English, Spanish-English, and Spanish-Catalan. We will also study translation from Arabic and Chinese into English. The systems we develop will be used directly by users at the Reverso.net website. We will develop novel feedback collection mechanisms which encourage users to interact with the systems and to provide feedback. In this way we will collect the data, in the form of user judgements of translation quality and feedback for translation correction, which will guide our research. Our objectives are to : Enhance the high-volume, Reverso.net translation website with an experimental and evaluation infrastructure that will enable the study of instantaneous user feedback in MT. Deploy novel web-oriented, feedback collection mechanisms that reduce noise in feedback provided by users and increase the utility of the web contributions. Automatically acquire novel data collections to study translation as informed by user feedback. Develop mechanisms for instantaneously incorporating user feedback into the machine translation engines that are used in production environments, such as those that power the Reverso.net website. Create novel automatic metrics of translation quality which reflect preferences learned from user feedback. Develop new translation models driven by user feedback data and integrate natural language generation directly into MT to improve translation fluency and reduce negative feedback from users.

Keywords: online machine translation,adaptation,user feedback
Hot-spots in biological transformation of silica (HOBITS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our scientific concept of the silica cycle is evolving rapidly. New research during the first decennium of this new millennium has clearly shown that silica mobilisation from terrestrial habitats to the aquatic continuum is biologically controlled. Vegetation takes up dissolved silica (DSi) from soil and ground-water and temporally stores it as amorphous Si (ASi) in biomass. This new concept of biological buffering of the silica cycle is essential. The relative newness and novelty of the concept means there are still major gaps in our fundamental understanding, and the integration of processes at different spatial and temporal scales is lacking. Addressing these knowledge gaps is essential. The silica cycle is closely connected to the carbon cycle. Mineral weathering of silicates is an important sink for atmospheric CO2: incomplete knowledge of the bio-Si buffer impedes the accurate quantification of this sink. Moreover, the import of Si into coastal zones from the terrestrial environment is essential to sustain diatom growth. Diatoms play a key role in the oceanic C-sink and in the eutrophication problems in coastal zones. Wetlands provide prime circumstances for biological silica accumulators like grasses, sedges and diatoms to flourish. In this context, tropical rivers attract special attention. They transport huge amounts of suspended material of biological origin into coastal zones. Yet, these areas have received virtually no scientific attention regarding silica biogeochemistry. In this proposal, we aim to conduct studies in two tropical systems, which can be considered hot-spots for biological Si cycling: the Okavango Delta (Kenya) and the Fly River (Papua New Guinea). The overall objective of the proposed research is to increase our understanding of the biological Si processing in tropical river systems. The objectives will be met both through well-planned sampling expeditions and analysis

Keywords: biogeochemistry,environmental biology,tropical ecosystems,biochemical and hydrological cycles
Development of Exposure Scenarios for Manufactured Nanomaterials (NANEX)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: United Kingdom,France,Switzerland,Germany,Spain,United Kingdom,Belgium,Netherlands,European organisations area,Greece
Call:  (FP7-NMP-2009-CSA-3, 2009)
Start date: 2009-12-01
End date: 2010-11-30
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1005897.12
EU funding (EUR): 951876.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

Nanotechnology is a fast growing industry producing a wide variety of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) and numerous potential applications. Consequently, the potential for exposure to humans and the environment is likely to increase. Human exposure to MNMs and environmental release of these materials can occur during all the life cycle stages of these materials. For each stage of the life cycle of an MNM, exposure scenarios will need to be developed that effectively describe how exposure to humans and the environment occur and what measures are required to control the exposure. The aim of the NANEX project is to develop a catalogue of generic and specific (ocupational, consumer and environmental release) exposure scenarios for MNMs taking account of the entire lifecycle of these materials. NANEX will collect and review available exposure information, focussing on three very relevant MNMs: (1) high aspect ratio nanomaterials - HARNs) (e.g. carbon nanotubes); (2) mass-produced nanomaterials (e.g. ZnO, TiO2, carbon black); and (3) specialised nanomaterials that are currently only produced on a small scale (e.g Ag)). The exposure information will include both quantitative (measurement results) and qualitative contextual exposure information (risk management measures). We will also review the applicability of existing models for occupational and consumer exposure assessment and for environmental release from these scenarios. We will carry out a small number of specific case illustrations and carry out a gap analyses of the available knowledge and data. Finally, we project knowledge will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders, taking into account other relevant activities that are taking place in this field.

Keywords: nanotechnology,exposure scenarios,occupational exposure,consumer exposure,environmental release,reach,risk assessment
Life Cycle of Nanoparticle-based Products used in House Coating (NANOHOUSE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies - NMP
Destination: Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Switzerland,Italy,Belgium,France,France,Netherlands,France
Call:  (FP7-NMP-ENV-2009, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3143206.67
EU funding (EUR): 2400100.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

NanoHOUSE intends to create a holistic and prospective view on the Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) impacts of nanoproducts used in house building, namely paints and coatings. The latter are using relatively high amounts of Engineered NanoParticles (ENPs) such as nano-Ag and nano-TiO2 which will be investigated. A new Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) approach will be developed gathering two complementary aspects: Investigation of risks and opportunities during the product life cycle as well as Life Cycle Analysis (ISO 14040). LCT will collect information on EHS impacts throughout all life cycle stages of the nanoproducts, identifying the data gaps which will guide the research work. NanoHOUSE will generate reliable scientific information for the missing data and will develop appropriate methods to analyze the potential EHS impacts of nanoproducts. NanoHOUSE first task will be to quantify the actual sources of ENPs during the use and ageing of actual coatings (weathering, renovation, demolition and final disposal). The project will then characterize the environmental compartments significantly impacted by ENPs released from nanoproducts, measure ENPs concentrations and states in those compartments, and investigate their fate in order to increase the knowledge regarding exposure to ENPs with a view to reducing the risks. NanoHOUSE will study the environmental behaviour and the toxicological effects of actually released ENPs (“aged” ENPs) and compare them with pristine ENPs. Finally, NanoHOUSE will improve the solutions for end of life treatments regarding ENPs release in the environment. Main outcomes of the project will be a scientific risk evaluation of nanoproducts used in building, solutions to improve their competitive and sustainable development by decreasing their potential to release ENPs, and contributions to standard tests for their certification. The NanoHOUSE consortium involves 5 research/academic partners and 4 industrial manufacturers of which 1 SME.

Keywords: engineered nanoparticles (enps),aged enps,life cycle thinking,nanomaterials,sustainable nanoproducts,paints and coatings,nanotoxicology,exposure scenario,end of life treatments,environmental