Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Photo-activated voltage-sensing domain in voltage-sensing proteins. (PAVSD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161899.59
EU funding (EUR): 161899.59
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Eukaryotic cells have voltage-gated ion channels that are directly activated by voltage but never by light. Voltage-gated ion channels contain a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) that responds to changes in membrane potential by gating the pore domain. VSD are functionally independent domains within canonical voltage-activated ion channels, but are also components of voltage-sensing enzymes and can also form ion channels. Several strategies have been used to enable light regulation of ion channels that are not intrinsically light sensitive and these channels have been successfully used to control neuronal activity (Gorostiza &amp; Isacoff 2007). In the case of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, photoswitchable molecules have been described but they specifically act as covalently tethered channel blockers (Horn et al., 2000). To date, photo-regulation of VSDs has not been reported. Photoswitchable VSD would constitute an exclusive independent structure to remotely control voltage-sensing proteins. We expect voltage-sensing proteins will be rapidly and reversibly activated by light, which has potential use as a noninvasive method to study motion charging shape of VSD in vitro and in vivo. This project aims to develop a new photoswitchable light-activated VSD by incorporating an azobenzene chromophore into the VSD of Shaker Kv channel. Although the X-ray crystallographic structures of prokaryotic and same as eukaryotic potassium channels were recently published, the position and the molecular movement of the voltage sensor in the activated or deactivated state are still controversial. As a long term aim of this project, this approach could be extended to the recently cloned and described VSD proteins such as Ci-VSP and Hv1 (Murata el al., 2005; Sasaki et al., 2006; Ramsey et al., 2006). Light activation of the voltage sensor would elucidate movements within this structure and report on the gating mechanisms of voltage-activated ion channels and VSD-containing proteins.

Keywords: photoswitches,cross-linking,azobenzene,cysteine mutagenesis,patch-clamp,voltage-gated ion channels,shaker channel,voltage-sensing domain,voltage-sensing proteins,ci-vsp,hv1
Forensic Identification Frontiers (FORENSICIDFRONTIERS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IOF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 324795.07
EU funding (EUR): 324795.07
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project will entail multidisciplinary research to address the challenges at the frontiers of forensic identification, including the legitimacy, acceptability and viability of forensic identification practice and policy. It will identify the obstacles to EU harmonisation on the use and exchange of forensic DNA /fingerprints, producing original data for policymakers. The project will involve researching at the Centre for Forensic Excellence in Australia, a unique and internationally unrivalled research centre for forensic studies, and the Centre for Criminal Justice Studies in Leeds, UK. The project will result in a map of legal regimes setting out the current utilisation and exchange of forensic bioinformation across Australia and EU, enabling comparisons and potential for lessons to be drawn from the Australian experience. The research will focus upon transcending disciplines, to arrive at new solutions to common challenges. The project will utilise advanced quantitative and qualitative research methods to analyse EU and Australian: forensic identification science; law; practice; social and political context; and policy. The project will involve interviews as well as documentary analysis to ensure the contextualisation of data and the opportunity to assess future policy and aspirations. The research will be undertaken within a dedicated research Centre among experienced multi-disciplinary researchers, enabling the researcher to develop new skills to facilitate much needed multi-disciplinary research at an EU level. It will contribute to EU competence in the development of innovative and collaborative approaches to comparative and multi-disciplinary evaluation research, particularly in the context of forensic science. It will commence the essential work on constructing a dialogue between scientists; lawyers; ethicists; sociologists and others with the overarching aim to help the Community develop policies which will facilitate collaboration across the Third Pilla

Keywords: forensic identification,forensic bioinformation,eu harmonisation,multidisciplinary research
EUROpean programme for TRANS-national R&D&I cooperations of BIOtech SMEs. (ETB-PRO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: General Activities
Destination: ERANET
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: ETB-PRO (ERA-NET)
Countries involved: Austria,Belgium,Belgium,Finland,France,Germany,Germany,Hungary,Spain,Spain,Spain,Netherlands,Spain,Italy
Call:  (FP7-ERANET-2008-RTD, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3638673.41
EU funding (EUR): 3166533.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

ETB-PRO will reduce the fragmentation of ERA and support high quality R&D&I project cooperation of European biotech SMEs by building on success factors of the predecessor project and establish a sustainable joint program with high funding impact. This will be done in two steps thereby using four calls with a funding volume of € 35 Mio each as an implementation tool. First step: Integration ETB-PRO will broaden the network through including at least 5 new partners into the current network of European biotech key players, thereby arranging for variable geometry. A particular focus will be on remaining key players and on CEE countries. ETB-PRO will actively avoid duplication of efforts through targeted cooperation with other EU programs and position the program through unique combination of features to provide complementarities to other EU funding instruments. ETB-PRO will start joint programming, seek for compatibility among participating national programs, and implement the most suitable solutions when operating two joint calls. Immediate Impact: ETB-PRO bottom-up biotech program will enrich the ERA funding landscape for the benefit of European high-tech SMEs seeking a gateway to ERA or focusing on specific bilateral cooperation. ETB-PRO pilot program will become a sound basis to venture a global approach for international cooperation. Second step: Sustainability ETB-PRO will strengthen the operational efficiency of the program through streamlining procedures and optimizing processes, and test and improve operational performance in two more calls by implementing well defined and cost-efficient tools and processes. These applications and know-how will be transferred into the agencies daily routine before the launch of ETB-PRO sustainable joint program. Long-term impact: ETB-PRO will complement the ERA funding landscape through making optimal use of national/regional resources, and durably strengthen competitiveness of the European biotechnology.

Keywords: biotechnology,sme,sustainable joint program,era-net,horizontal
The Biodiversity, Systematics and Guide to the Identification of Marine Benthic Ciliates (BENTHIC CILIATES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IIF-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-05-10
End date: 2012-04-09
Duration (months): 23.0
Total project cost (EUR): 236881.37
EU funding (EUR): 236881.37
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ciliated protozoa (ciliates) are important in terms of their diversity, ecology, pathogenesis and as indicators of environmental quality. Marine benthic ciliates, however, are rather poorly known due to a lack of modern treatments and taxonomic expertise. The objectives of this project are: (1) to increase knowledge of local and global species diversity. A faunistic study of benthic ciliates from UK coastal waters will be carried out using classical microscopy and modern molecular methods. The data for selected UK and Chinese species will be compared in order to assess their geographical distributions. (2) To increase understanding of phylogenetic relationships among ciliates and thus help stabilise the Tree of Life. For this, morphogenetic and molecular data for selected taxa will be used in phylogenetic analyses. (3) To develop a web-based guide to the identification of marine benthic ciliates. This will be constructed within a Scratchpad (http:// scratchpads.eu/) which is a tool developed at the NHM that allows for species descriptions to be made available on the web. The present project will extend this functionality by adding an interactive key based around structured descriptive data. New taxa in the correct format will automatically add them to the key without further intervention. Dr Hu is a top-class researcher from China who specialises in marine benthic ciliates. Expertise in this field is increasingly rare in Europe and has led to a lack of understanding of the importance of benthic ciliates in marine microbial ecology and their contribution to species diversity. This project will help to: enhance Dr Hu&apos;s reputation as a leading authority on marine benthic ciliates; increase his network of European contacts; by developing the open-access web-based guide, increase opportunities for European researchers to collaborate with Dr Hu and colleagues; improve his standard of English thus facilitating better communication with potential collaborators in Europe.

Keywords: identification guide,marine benthic ciliates,molecular systematics,morphogenesis,morphology,phylogeny,ribosomal dna sequence,species biodiversity,taxonomy
Breaking the curse of dimensionality: numerical challenges in high dimensional analysis and simulation (BREAD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1848000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1848000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This project is concerned with problems that involve a very large number of variables, and whose efficient numerical treatment is challenged by the so-called curse of dimensionality, meaning that computational complexity increases exponentially in the variable dimension. The PI intend to establish in his host institution a scientific leadership on the mathematical understanding and numerical treatment of these problems, and to contribute to the development of this area of research through international collaborations, organization of workshops and research schools, and training of postdocs and PhD students. High dimensional problems are ubiquitous in an increasing number of areas of scientific computing, among which statistical or active learning theory, parametric and stochastic partial differential equations, parameter optimization in numerical codes. There is a high demand from the industrial world of efficient numerical methods for treating such problems. The practical success of various numerical algorithms, that have been developed in recent years in these application areas, is often limited to moderate dimensional setting. In addition, these developments tend to be, as a rule, rather problem specific and not always founded on a solid mathematical analysis. The central scientific objectives of this project are therefore: (i) to identify fundamental mathematical principles behind overcoming the curse of dimensionality, (ii) to understand how these principles enter in relevant instances of the above applications, and (iii) based on the these principles beyond particular problem classes, to develop broadly applicable numerical strategies that benefit from such mechanisms. The performances of these strategies should be provably independent of the variable dimension, and in that sense break the curse of dimensionality. They will be tested on both synthetic benchmark tests and real world problems coming from the afore-mentioned applications.

Keywords: high dimensional approximation theory sparse and adaptive numerical methods
Noncoding and Translational Modulation of Gene Expression and Epigenetic Changes (TRANSLATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Diagnostic tools, therapies and public health
Countries involved: Italy,Italy
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2496000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2496000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Gene expression studies rely on high throughput techniques, which do not take in account conceptual limits. I will overcome this situation by exploiting two biological facts. First, RNAs that are important in tissue function are a subset of the global mass, but are always associated with the ribosomal machinery and as such should be identified. Second, gene expression is the outcome of dynamic fluctuations that with time create a unique expression pattern. We need to dynamically label cell populations that undergo stress and follow them to generate a gene expression signature. To achieve my goal, I will consider: 1. Translational stress generated by viral infection or accumulation of misfolded proteins; 2. human CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets which are key to orchestrate immune responses; 3. EIF6 model of metabolic reprogramming. 1. Activation of eIF2alpha phosphorylation by viral infection generates a translational response in which silent mRNAs containing upstream ORFs (uORF) are translated. I will exploit this observation to construct the first in vivo reporter model of translational stress. We will label genetically cells that have translational stress, to identify all the changes that a single cell undergoes after viral infection/accumulation of undegraded proteins. 2. I will selectively sequence for the first time mRNAs and ncRNAs associated with the ribosomal machinery in human cells with a defined functional status. 3. Spectacular data have shown that translation factor eIF6 regulates tumorigenesis by inducing a profound metabolic reprogramming. This observation suggests that, in vivo, translation acts upstream of transcription. We will model how a short translational input results in a complex epigenetic change. Significance: a revolution in finding biomarkers/drug targets. Generate a map of predictors of the process from stress to disease. Dscriminate biologically active sequences from background. Define how transient translation reshapes gene expression.

Keywords: ncrnas,translational control,initiation factors,ribosome profiling,eif6,translational regulation of transcriptional changes
Predictive Computational Metallurgy (PRECOMET)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2347920.0
EU funding (EUR): 2347920.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Why is there no “Moore’s Law” for the creation of stronger and more durable metals? Because there is a unique complexity to mechanical properties of metals: the strength, hardening, embrittlement, fracture, and fatigue are controlled by multi-defect interactions (dislocations/solutes/precipitates/grain boundaries). However, such multi-defect interactions are beyond the scope of analytical elasticity theory, and thus require a deeper inquiry at atomistic and quantum scales. And observed macroscopic mechanical behaviour arises from the collective interactions among such defects over large length and time scales. The PI will tackle the fundamental challenge of the multi-defect, multi-scale problem in metal alloys through a combined theory/simulation effort that will push forward the frontiers of computational metallurgy and yield new, quantitative, predictive models of the mechanical performance of metals alloys that will accelerate metal design. Three specific thrusts are proposed to predict the role of solute chemistry on : (i) fundamental dislocation phenomena, and the resulting effects on plastic flow and ductility (Solute/Dislocation/Dislocation interactions); (ii) dislocation transmission/absorption and damage nucleation along boundaries (Solute/Grain-boundary/Dislocation interactions); and (iii) the propagation of cracks under monotonic and fatigue loading (Solute/Crack/Dislocation/Grain-boundary interactions). Small-scale Quantum, Atomistic, and/or Dislocation-level simulations will be designed to probe mechanistic concepts and to validate new predictive theories and new material constitutive models. This approach is now feasible due to new multiscale modeling techniques developed by the PI and his recent quantitative models that resolve long-standing problems in metallurgy. The theories and models emerging from this research will allow for generalization of the mechanisms across metals, and will enable the enhancement and design of new metal alloys.

Keywords: metallurgy,solid mechanics,multiscale modeling
High-dimensional combinatorics (HI-DIM COMBINATORICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1754600.0
EU funding (EUR): 1754600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research program originates from a pressing practical need and from a purely new geometric perspective of discrete mathematics.. Graphs play a key role in many application areas of mathematics, providing the perfect mathematical description of all systems that are governed by pairwise interactions, in computer science, economics, biology and more. But graphs cannot fully capture scenarios in which interactions involve more than two agents. Since the theory of hypergraphs is still too under-developed, we resort to geometry and topology, which view a graph as a one-dimensional simplicial complex. I want to develop a combinatorial/geometric/probabilistic theory of higher-dimensional simplicial complexes. Inspired by the great success of random graph theory and its impact on discrete mathematics both theoretical and applied, I intend to develop a theory of random simplicial complexes. This combinatorial/geometric point of view and the novel high-dimensional perspective, shed new light on many fundamental combinatorial objects such as permutations, cycles and trees. We show that they all have high-dimensional analogs whose study leads to new deep mathematical problems. This holds a great promise for real-world applications, in view of the prevalence of such objects in application domains. Even basic aspects of graphs, permutations etc. are much more sophisticated and subtle in high dimensions. E.g., it is a key result that randomly evolving graphs undergo a phase transition and a sudden emergence of a giant component. Computer simulations of the evolution of higher-dimensional simplicial complexes, reveal an even more dramatic phase transition. Yet, we still do not even know what is a higher-dimensional giant component. I also show how to use simplicial complexes (deterministic and random) to construct better error-correcting codes. I suggest a new conceptual approach to the search for high-dimensional expanders, a goal sought by many renowned mathematicians.

Keywords: combinatorics,graphs,simplicial complexes,geometry,probabilistic method
Open SYstems RevISited: From Brownian motion to quantum simulators (OSYRIS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1787565.0
EU funding (EUR): 1787565.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal concerns open systems, i.e. systems interacting with the environment, and their fundamental role in natural sciences. The main objectives are: i) to develop theory of Brownian motion for molecules in biological environments; ii) to adapt classical many-body open systems such as kinetic or/and diffusion-aggregation models to the quantum domain; iii) to develop theory of open systems as quantum simulators; finally iv) to develop theory of quantum Brownian motion in inhomogeneous media. Although all these objectives may seem to be quite unrelated, our main goal will be to connect them in order to unambiguously asses the relevance of open systems in specific areas of physics, biology and beyond. Accordingly, objective i) will be explored in close collaboration with experimentalists in which the diffusion of biomolecules on cell membranes requires a description in terms of Brownian motion in correlated disordered potentials. In ii) we will search for many-body kinetic and growth models that provide the configurations that may serve as samples of random potentials desired in i). These models can be regarded as quantum models with non-Hermitian generators of evolution; in some situations they can be generalized to genuine quantum ones, described by a quantum master equation, linking ii) and iii). In iii) we will look for applications of quantum open systems as quantum simulators of condensed matter/high energy physics. We will also look at single particle interactions with quantum many body environment, linking the objectives iii) with iv) and i). Expected results are: a) understanding the relationship between biological function and the spatiotemporal dynamics of single molecules in living cells; b) understanding of the structure of classical many body stochastic models and their relation to quantum ones; c) concrete proposals for open systems quantum simulators; and d) development of tools to characterize and observe quantum Brownian motion.

Keywords: brownian motion,classical many body open systems,quantum many body open systems,quantum simulators,quantum brownian motion