Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Improving the Research Capacity for Nanoscale Materials Characterization (SUMCL)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: International Co-operation
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-2, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2009-04-30
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 39141.6
EU funding (EUR): 34901.26
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The purpose of this proposal is to evaluate the research program and existing infrastructure in our materials characterization lab and seek recommendations for improvement to enhance our research potential for nanoscale studies and increase our participation in FP7. Currently, many projects funded at the national level have achieved limited success in developing high tech materials that exploit nanoscale phenomena. There is a clear need for microstructural and chemical evaluation capabilities at the sub-5-nm scale.

Keywords: infrastructure,research capacity,nanoscale materials characterization
Identification and analysis of novel proteins required for Wingless secretion. (WINGLESS SECRETION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-20
End date: 2012-04-19
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Wnts are secreted signaling proteins that control multiple developmental processes and have been implicated in several human cancers. All Wnt proteins, including Wingless, a Drosophila member of the Wnt family, associate with cell membranes. This membrane-association is a result of posttranslational acylation and strong affinity for heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Despite its association with cell membranes, Wingless acts over several cell diameters in a number of developmental contexts. It has been suggested that transport is achieved by liprotein particles but functional evidence is incomplete and nothing is known on how Wg is packaged into such particles. During my postdoctoral research I will study the secretion and release of Wingless by expressing cells. Specifically, I will define the pathway of Wingless secretion and its site of export from the cell. Second, I will identify novel proteins required for the secretion and release of functional Wingless protein. This will could uncover specialized secretory pathway and will provide a framework to understand how Wingless functions with tissues. Understanding the pathways that regulate short and long range signaling by Wnts is likely to have an impact both in basic sciences (e.g. about the cell biology of lipid modified secreted proteins) and in medicine (providing potential targets for drug that would modulate this important signaling pathway).

Keywords: animal embryology,cytology,molecular genetics
Development of Density Functional Theory methods for Organic Metal Interaction (DEDOM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1250000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1250000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

First principles Density-Functional Theory (DFT) methods have been widely applied for computing electronic and optical properties of different systems. Recently theoretical modeling of metal-organic interfaces received a much attention due to their importance in different nanoscience fields. However, common (i.e. local and semi-local) approximations to the exchange-correlation (XC) functional of DFT show several shortcomings in describing metal-organic energy-levels alignment and thus charge-transfer. Aim of the DEDOM (DEvelopment of Density functional theory methods for Organic Metal interaction) project is to elaborate new theoretical methods beyond the current state-of-the-art for the description of the electronic and optical properties of organic molecules linked or deposited on metal surfaces or metal nanoparticles. This task includes: i) the development of new and efficient XC functionals, based on optimized effective potential (OEP) and including exact-exchange and correlation from many-body theory, to obtain an accurate description of charge-transfer between organic molecules and metal surfaces; ii) the investigation of optical properties, including light-emission, of organic molecules on metal surfaces using Time-Dependent DFT; iii) the description of metals using Green’s functions and multi-scale approaches to investigate metal-induced modification of the optical properties of organic molecules, including fluorescence quenching or enhancement due to the coupling of electronic excitations to plasmons. The DEDOM project is theoretically and technically extremely challenging due to the use of unconventional orbital-dependent XC-functionals and it requires a strong interdisciplinary effort, joining solid-state physics, theoretical chemistry, electromagnetic engineering and implementation of advanced computational techniques. If successful, it will represent a major progress in the theoretical description of organic-metal interfaces.

Keywords: density functional theory,optical properties,charge-transfer,optimized effective potential,metal nanoparticles
Understanding computational roles of new neurons generated in the adult hippocampus (AN07AT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Norway,Singapore
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1991743.0
EU funding (EUR): 1991743.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

New neurons are continuously generated in certain regions of adult mammalian brain. One of those regions is the dentate gyrus, a subregion of hippocampus, which is essential for memory formation. Although these new neurons in the adult dentate gyrus are thought to have an important role in learning and memory, it is largely unclear how new neurons are involved in information processing and storage underlying memory. Because new neurons constitute a minor portion of intermingled local neuronal population, simple application of conventional techniques such as multi-unit extracellular recording and pharmacological lesion are not suitable for the functional analysis of new neurons. In this proposed research program, I will combine multi-unit recording and behavioral analysis with virus mediated, cell-type-specific genetic manipulation of neuronal activity, to investigate computational roles of new neurons in learning and memory. Specifically, I will determine: 1) specific memory processes that require new neurons, 2) dynamic patterns of activity that new neurons express during memory-related behavior, 3) influence of new neurons on their downstream structure. Further, based on the information obtained by these three lines of studies, we will establish causal relationship between specific memory-related behavior and specific pattern of activity in new neurons. Solving these issues will cooperatively provide important insight into the understanding of computational roles performed by adult neurogenesis. The information on the function of new neurons in normal brain could contribute to future development of efficient therapeutic strategy for a variety of brain disorders.

Keywords: adult neurogenesis,hippocampus
Quantifying and modelling pathways of soil organic matter as affected by abiotic factors, microbial dynamics, and transport processes (QUASOM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 946800.0
EU funding (EUR): 946800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Soils play a critical role in the coupled carbon-cycle climate system. However, our scientific understanding of the role of soil biological-physicochemical interactions and of vertical transport for biogeochemical cycles is still limited. Moreover the representation of soil processes in current biosphere models operating at global scale is crude compared to vegetation processes like photosynthesis. Hence, the general aim of this project is to improve our understanding of the key interactions between the biological and the physicochemical components of the soil system that are often not explicitly considered in current experimental and modeling approaches. However, these interactions are likely to influence the biogeochemical cycles for a large part of the terrestrial biosphere and thus have the potential to significantly impact the Earth System as a whole. This will be achieved through an approach that integrates new soil mesocosm experiments, field data from ongoing European projects and soil process modeling. In mesocosm tracer experiments the fate of new and autochthonous soil organic matter will be followed under varying temperature and moisture regimes, explicitly investigating the role of microbiota. This project will test the hypothesis that transfer coefficients between soil organic matter pools, respiration and microbial biomass formation are constant as implemented in current soil organic matter models. Novel soil model structures will be developed that may explicitly account for the role of microbes and transport for soil organic matter dynamics. This will be supported by multiple-constraint model identification techniques, which allows testing and achieving model consistency with several observation types and theory. The soil modules will be incorporated into global terrestrial biosphere models which are coupled and uncoupled to the atmosphere allowing specific model experiments for investigating feedback mechanisms between soil, climate, and vegetation.

Keywords: model-data synthesis,carbon cycle
Privacy Architectures for System Services (PASS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proliferation of Internet services and, perhaps unavoidably, Internet crime, has left users more vulnerable than ever before. Taken in conjunction with the expanded deployment of wireless networks and the popularity of mobile devices, this trend is exerting tremendous pressure on user security. Due to the increased likelihood of communication monitoring, the issue of electronic privacy has of late attracted considerable attention. Unfortunately, implementing privacy in personal computer systems has traditionally been the domain of the paranoid computer specialist. In order for basic privacy to become pervasive among the non-technical user base, it must imitate the usage of other successful security (and other) services. There are a number of available tools that perform data scrubbing on a per file basis. The majority of these tools treat the file as a black box. For example, they will remove cookie, history, document history, log files, and preference files. These techniques work well when the user does not care about the posterity of the data, but they cannot address more complex information scrubbing where often the only course of action is manual removal. What is needed is a systematic way of handling personally identifying information, at every level of the user’s operating environment: the operating system, the application, and the network. Our goal in this project is to investigate and implement new paradigms for implementing privacy as a system service. The privacy service should automatically sanitize user data according to some predefined user preferences. Specifically it is the goal of this project to: 1. Investigate the various design options in architectures that provide privacy services. 2. Create the infrastructure necessary for carrying out the above work. 3. Leverage both the infrastructure and the results of the research work for the training of undergraduate and graduate students and other interested parties.

Keywords: technological sciences,security technology,security systems,privacy
Plasmonic cavity quantum electrodynamics with diamond-based quantum systems (PLACQED)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1712342.0
EU funding (EUR): 1712342.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims to realize physical systems for the realization of plasmonic cavity quantum electrodynamics using optically active diamond-based quantum systems such as atomic impurities. Color centers in diamond provide a suitable test bed for applications of quantum information processing, as well as selected spin-spin interactions. While there are hundreds of known color centers in diamond, but only one (Nitrogen vacancy) is studied extensively. We will study optical properties and identify energy levels of alternative color centers both naturally occurring and artificially implanted, potential candidates being Ni, Si, or Fe impurities. We will in parallel study solid-state-based cavity QED with light confinement at sub-wavelength scale. Using metal nanostructures and plasmons, we aim at achieving individual or ensemble strongly coupled emitter-cavity systems. Further, we will study how sub-wavelength structures of a medium alter the material-based properties, so the optical fields can experience exotic media with negative refractive indices.

Keywords: coherence spectroscopy of single quantum emitters,nano-fabrication,metamaterials,plasmonics,cavity qed
Scanning Microscopy using Active Resonating nanoTips (SMART)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This SMART application proposes a technological breakthrough in the field of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). It aims at introducing Micro/Nano Electromechanical Systems (MNEMS) as a new generation of AFM probes having outstanding performances in terms of sensitivity and acquisition rate. More precisely, we aim at using bulk mode microresonators to drive an oscillating nanotip in the GHz range. Many applications are expected in the emerging fields of nanobiosciences. AFM systems have been widely used for 20 years in academic and industrial work. They give access to microscopy images at the nanoscale and derived techniques allow many physical characterizations. Many labs are currently trying to use the oscillating mode of AFM to probe biological nanosystems and their dynamics in a liquid environment. However, AFM performances are limited by the AFM oscillator itself. It is typically made of a tip supported by a cantilever beam whose oscillating properties are drastically degraded once placed in a liquid. This phenomenon is due to the hydrodynamic drag and the added mass of the liquid. Consequently, the resonant frequencies and quality factors are too low in liquids to support the force sensitivity and acquisition rate required to probe biological nanosystems dynamics. The SMART project proposes to change the overall AFM oscillator and to choose an oscillation mode in the GHz range that reduces the liquid velocity gradient around the resonator. This new generation of high sensitivity AFM force sensor will be an unprecedented tool for imaging biological and chemical systems at the nanoscale and the possibility of kinetic spectroscopy in liquids. AFM performances are expected to be increased by 3 orders of magnitude. The SMART investigator has a 10 year background in AFM and a 7 year experience in MNEMS resonators. Today, there is no project strictly similar to this one at international level. If successful, Europe could become a leader in this high level competition.

Keywords: scanning probe microscopy,microelectromechanical resonators,mems,afm
The Christian Appropriation of the Jewish Scriptures: Allegory, Pauline Exegesis, and the Negotiation of Religious Identities (CAJS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 655309.0
EU funding (EUR): 655309.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on the appropriation of the Old Testament by early Christian interpreters of the Bible. A historical approach, not commonly adopted in the study of biblical interpretation, will enable us to study how this process contributed to the formation of distinctive Christian identities within the multicultural society of the late Roman principate and early Byzantine rule. The exegetes of this period were to a great extent responsible for the creation of a distinctive, sophisticated, and uncompromising discourse—a ‘totalising Christian discourse’, which determines Christian identities up to this day. In two projects, carried out by three researchers, we will make cross sections of the relevant material. It was allegorizing interpretation that enabled exegetes belonging to the so-called School of Alexandria to recognize Christ everywhere in the Old Testament, and thus to appropriate it and make it useful to the Church. Thus the Song of Songs was no longer considered an earthly love song, but was said to describe Christ’s love for the Church. Exegetes associated with the School of Antioch opposed to this kind of approach. They are often described as literalists. The traditional understanding of the distinctions between the two schools needs to be broadened and corrected by a picture of the actual practice of their hermeneutics. In my view the Antiochene opposition was brought about by the fact that pagan and ‘heretic’ critics did not accept the Alexandrian use of allegory. My innovative hypothesis is related to the central role played by the letters of the apostle Paul in the Antiochene reaction against Alexandria. For the Antiochenes, the use of Paul became an alternative means to bridge the gap between the two Testaments. Instead of a book in which every jot and tittle referred to Christ through allegory, the Antiochenes came to view the Old Testament as an amalgamation of moral lessons that agreed with Paul's teaching.

Keywords: history of exegesis - appropriation - identity formation - pauline letters - hermeneutics - rhetoric - deconstruction of texts - literary criticism - greek - syriac - latin - late antiquity
Probing the Micro-Nano Transition: Theoretical and Experimental Foundations, Simulations and Applications (MINATRAN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Greece,Greece,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1128400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1128400.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The objective is to develop a robust multifunctional framework/probe for capturing the evolution of deformation and failure in a variety of processes at the micro-nano transition regime. An interdisciplinary approach will be pursued based on fundamental theory and experiment, in conjunction with multiscale simulations for micro/nanotechnology applications. The approach is unconventional as it ventures to extend continuum mechanics down to the micro/nano regime and verify this through nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy techniques. It is also unique as the new phenomenology introduced for establishing this extension (higher order gradients accounting for microscopic processes and interfacial energy terms accounting for nanoscopic phenomena) will be substantiated through hybrid (ab initio-atomistic-defect-finite element) simulations. The framework will be employed to consider fracture and size effects in a number of micro-nano scale transition configurations ranging from nanograined aggregates and nanolayered structures to nanotubes and micropillars, and from Li-ion battery electrodes to bioactive interfaces. Other micro/nano objects such as quantum dots, nanowires and NEMS/MEMS devices, as well as biomolecular microcrystalline membranes leading to living cell division will be considered. In a sense this “scale” transition theory is reminiscent in scope to Landau’s “phase” transition theory where a variety of different physical phenomena can be treated within a common framework. This optimism stems from the PI’s previous success with this approach, as well as Smalley’s remark that the “laws of continuum mechanics are amazingly robust for treating even intrinsically discrete objects only a few atoms in diameter”. A good mix of young researchers and mature scholars will be employed, thus connecting people and ideas through joint publications and scholarly activities in a critical area of fundamental and applied research.

Keywords: nanomechanics,size effects,nanoindentation,constitutive equations,nanotechnology