Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Optimal Mechanisms to Match Supply and Demand in Contemporary Supply Chains (OPTCHAIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2012-02-08
End date: 2016-02-07
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Emerging production and information technologies have increased competition and consumer expectations, this leads to ever-shrinking product life cycles, volatile and unpredictable markets. In addition, natural disasters, accidents, supply disruptions increased the risk in today’s global and long supply chains. Keeping costs down and customers satisfied in a global marketplace requires companies to proactively manage supply and demand using state of art techniques, technologies and practices. This proposal describes a research program for building novel optimization models and efficient solution mechanisms that enable contemporary supply chains to optimally match demand and supply through demand management and sourcing decisions. The resulting modeling, analysis, and algorithmic development will also contribute advances in applied optimization theory and large-scale problem solving.

Keywords: industrial engineering,operations research,optimization,supply chain management,inventory control,algorithm development
Adaptive mechanisms of ecological divergence in sibling allopolyploid lineages (POLYADAPTATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hybridization and genome doubling are both frequent and ubiquitous across the entire evolutionary history of flowering plants and they regularly stimulate plant diversification and speciation. Immediately following a polyploidization event, a genome generally suffers adjustments in organization and function at the genetic and epigenetic level. These alterations have the potential to induce novel expression patterns, which together with permanent heterozygosity and gene redundancy, might result in significant phenotypic shifts and elevated evolutionary flexibility. Recurrent allopolyploidy can result in substantially different lineages, and it is interesting how such species can maintain distinctiveness while sharing the same genetic heritage and ploidy level. Here we aim to screen genome-wide natural diversity in gene expression rates among sibling species in order to identify genes that may drive adaptation to different environments and lead to isolation. By taking advantage of the most recent advances in genomic technologies we will test the theoretical predictions that only a few genetic loci controlling key traits are necessary for rapid ecological diversification. We will use a sophisticated model system, represented by ecologically divergent sibling species of Dactylorhiza in their native environmental context. The project will provide one of the most comprehensive studies of natural variation within an allopolyploid group and will lead to an enhanced appreciation of the effects of polyploidy on the evolution of metabolic pathways that are significant to adaptation and speciation. Finally, it has the potential to provide a drastically new perspective on the links between polyploidy and functional diversity and it will contribute toward a better understanding and hence prediction of the spectrum of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms active at the intraspecific (population) level.

Keywords: adaptation,biodiversity,digital transcriptomics,ecological genetics,evolutionary biology,genomics,hybridization,plant ecology,polyploidy,population biology
The Irony of Harmony: Examining how Experiences of Intergroup Contact can Undermine Potential for Social Change toward Equality (CONTACT AND CHANGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Conflict and tensions between members of different groups are critical problems facing societies today. One of the most important contributions of social psychology for improving intergroup relations has been contact theory, which offers that cooperative and friendly intergroup encounters can improve attitudes between groups. The theory stimulated a vast amount of research and generated widespread optimism about the potential of creating more tolerant societies through contact interventions. Recently, however, prominent scholars have argued that while contact may be a successful tool for prejudice reduction, it may contribute little toward increasing social justice and group equality. These views, bringing together insights from social psychology, political science and sociology, drew attention to a disjuncture between the effects of contact and psychological foundations of social change. Although theorized about, these processes received sparse, and mainly correlational empirical support. The proposed research is the most detailed and most rigorous investigation yet of the consequences of intergroup contact for social change. It will be led by the applicant in close collaboration with a European collaborator and will involve a fully controlled laboratory study conducted in Israel, a longitudinal study in the U.S., and two cross-sectional studies in both India and Israel. Findings from this research, which would generalize across a variety of intergroup settings, are likely to have important theoretical as well as practical implications for interventions aimed at creating long-term social justice in societies marked by social inequality. The collaborative nature of the project involving experts residing in the US, the UK and India along with its interdisciplinary elements, is consistent with the aim of creating internationally competitive knowledge and developing ‘state of the art’, interdisciplinary research capacity within the EU.

Keywords: social psychology,intergroup contact,social change,ingroup identification,social inequality,inequality perceptions,outgroup attitudes,social justice
Tumour suppressor p53: structure, stability and novel anti-cancer drug development (P53LAZARUS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1459538.0
EU funding (EUR): 1459538.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Elimination of the tumour suppression activities of p53 is common to all cancers. p53 is inactivated directly by mutation in ~50% of human cancers, and ~30-40% of these oncogenic mutants are just temperature sensitive, ts, being active at lower temperatures. Wild-type p53 spontaneously denatures, with a half-life of 10-20 minutes at body temperature, and ts mutants far faster. The melting temperature and half life of ts oncogenic mutants can be raised by small molecules. The mutant Y220C is particularly propitious for study and as a target for therapy as the mutation makes a druggable cavity. We discovered lead compounds for a novel class of anti-cancer drugs that could be used to treat 70-80,000 new cases of cancer per annum worldwide via reactivating Y220C. I present a programme to understand the basic principles of stabilising Y220C in particular and the thermodynamics and kinetics of ts mutant proteins in general. Such studies may aid the development of lead compounds for reactivating Y220C into prospective drugs and will act as a paradigm for development of the ¿holy grail¿ of a generic p53-reactivating drug. This is not a classical drug screening programme but a fundamental study on how to stabilise proteins whose poor stability causes disease, and which pulls together the twin interests of the applicant in fundamental protein folding and the structural biology of p53. I will investigate the biophysical and structural characteristics of how to stabilize proteins by small molecules using the leads thrown up by the drug-screening programme. Even if none of the leads make it to the clinic, they will be important substrates for the structure-activity studies on the mechanisms of protein stabilization, which will be of general importance.

Keywords: protein folding stability tumour suppressor
An Integrated Network of Glucose Sensing Cells in Glucose Homeostasis (INSIGHT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499421.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499421.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Glucose sensing cells constantly monitor glucose absorption from food and variations in blood glycemic levels. They control the secretion of GLP-1, insulin and glucagon, and the activity of the autonomic nervous system. These hormonal and nervous signals coordinate glucose utilization by liver, fat and muscle, and endogenous glucose production as well as feeding and energy expenditure. Type 2 diabetes, a disease that afflicts an increasing proportion of the world population, is characterized by insufficient insulin production by pancreatic beta-cells, abnormal secretion of GLP-1 and glucagon, and is often associated with imbalance between feeding and energy expenditure. Type 2 diabetes can thus be considered a disease of glucose sensing. Here, I propose a research program using cell biological, genetic, genomic and physiology techniques to investigate three aspects of this integrated glucose sensing network: 1. The identification of novel molecular pathways activated by GLP-1 and that control adult beta-cell proliferation, glucose competence and apoptosis in order to maintain sufficient insulin secretion capacity. 2. The identification and molecular characterization of brain glucose sensors, which share functional similarities with pancreatic beta-cells, and which control glucose homeostasis and pancreatic islet mass and function. 3. The discovery by unbiased genetic-genomic analysis of loci, genes, and gene networks involved in central hypoglycemia detection and the secretion of glucagon, a process whose deregulation is a major limitation in insulin treatment of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Together these investigations will bring new knowledge on the integrated control of glucose homeostasis that may lead to novel strategies to control diabetes.

Keywords: pancreatic beta-cells - glucose sensing - glucose homeostasis
Dual exploitation of natural plant strategies in agriculture and public health: enhancing nitrogen-fixation and surmounting microbial infections (SYM-BIOTICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Applied life sciences and biotechnology
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2320000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2320000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With an unprecedented increase in the human population, higher agricultural production, enhanced food safety and the protection against alarming rise of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria are amongst the main challenges of this century. This proposal centered on Rhizobium-legume symbiosis aims at contributing to these tasks by i) understanding the development of symbiotic nitrogen fixing cells for improvement of the eco-friendly biological nitrogen fixation, ii) gaining a comprehensive knowledge on polyploidy having a great impact on crop yields and iii) exploiting the strategies of symbiotic plant cells for the development of novel antibiotics. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Rhizobium-legume interactions is a major contributor to the combined nitrogen pool in the biosphere. It takes place in root nodules where giant plant cells host the nitrogen fixing bacteria. In Medicago nodules both the plant cells and the bacteria are polyploids and incapable for cell division. These polyploid plant cells produce hundreds of symbiotic peptides (symPEPs) that provoke terminal differentiation of bacteria in symbiosis and exhibit broad range antimicrobial activities in vitro. Permanent generation of polyploid cells is essential for the nodule development. It will be studied whether the complete genome is duplicated in consecutive endocycles, how different ploidy levels affect DNA methylation and expression profile and whether polyploidy is required for the expression of symPEP genes. The activity and mode of actions of symPEPs are in the focus of the proposal; i) how symPEPs achieve bacteroid differentiation and affect nitrogen fixation and ii) whether symPEP antimicrobial activities provide novel modes of antimicrobial actions and iii) whether ¿Sym-Biotics¿ could become widely used novel antibiotics. Their applicability as plant protecting and meat decontaminating agents as well as their in vivo efficiency in mouse septicemia models will be tested.

Keywords: nitrogen fixation,rhizobium-legume symbiosis,antimicrobial peptides,antibiotics,polyploidy,food safety
Crystalline Undulator: Theory and Experiment (CUTE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Denmark,Germany,Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 321300.0
EU funding (EUR): 321300.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to facilitate the collaborative research towards theory, design, manufacture and experimental tests of high-quality periodically bent crystalline structures as well as theoretical and experimental studies of the radiation formed in crystalline undulators. The idea of the crystalline undulator is based on the channeling phenomenon. Its advantage is in extremely strong electrostatic fields inside a crystal which are able to steer the particles much more effectively than even the most advanced superconductive magnets. A crystal with periodically bent crystallographic planes or axes can force particles to move along nearly sinusoidal trajectories and radiate electromagnetic waves in hard X ray and gamma ray frequency range. This opens the prospect of creation of novel light sources that will find their application in technology, medicine and basic sciences: nuclear, solid state and plasma physics, molecular biology, etc. It is planed to combine within a common project utilization of state-of-the-art technologies: molecular beam epitaxy, laser ablation, low pressure chemical vapour deposition, low energy plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition with advances theoretical methods aimed to quantitative understanding of the underlying physical processes which will allow to manufacture bent crystals with preassigned shape of channels. The quality of the manufactured crystals will be controlled by several advanced methods: X-ray diffraction studies, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry. Accelerator test of the crystalline undulators will be complemented with extensive Monte-Carlo simulations of particle channeling and emission of the radiation.

Keywords: experimental physics,crystalline undulator,channeling,photon emission,periodically bent crystal,surface treatments,laser ablation,strained layer superlattice,elasticity theory,monte-carlo simulation
Pro-ecological restructuring for job (PRORES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Poland,Lithuania
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-15
End date: 2015-06-14
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 670700.0
EU funding (EUR): 670700.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of PRORES project is transfer of knowledge in the field of restructuring from three perspectives: economic, ecological and social development. That is why four well prepared Universities from Ukraine, Lithuania and Poland were chosen to carried out the activity. Special attention in the project is given to early stage researchers. Due to project they will take an extensive training in hosting countries. Acquiring knowledge on these perspectives will allow gaining skills necessary to more efficient solving of restructuring problems in European and local markets. Even if PRORES project concerns mobility as a primary objective, the interdisciplinary research is also an important part. The project makes environmental issues central to research on organisational restructuring, stressing the ecological and the social issues. Basic methodology that will be used in project will be a “case study” covering selected companies in project partner countries. The results of the research, as a form of new knowledge, will be disseminated amongst different stakeholders of pro-ecological restructuring. Currently, the project’s topic is of importance for several reasons. Firstly, in the context of the current global financial crisis organisational restructuring processes are widespread across Europe and are especially painful for workers selected for redundancy and their communities. Secondly, the ecological perspective in research is absent. Thirdly, this issue is especially urgent because of the imperatives of climate change and the EU policies aimed at securing a transition to a low carbon economy in both the EU and wider Europe, as Europe 2020: A European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Fourthly, project’s partners perfectly fit for implementing and strengthening European Neighbourhood Policy. Moreover, Ukraine is a very important EU neighbour from not only economic but also social and political perspective.

Keywords: social economics,industrial studies,labour economics,ecological economics,socio-economic research
Knowledge exchange between Europe and America on forest growth models and optimisation for adaptive forestry (FOREADAPT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal,Sweden,Finland,Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 516600.0
EU funding (EUR): 516600.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The supply of forest services and products is largely determined by forest management. Decision makers thus need models and tools that may help assess the short and long term impacts of management options on the forest resource base. The biological processes and the temporal and spatial scales involved complicate this assessment. Socioeconomic and climate change as well as the possibility of catastrophic events further complicate it as they lead to a decision-making context characterized by risk and uncertainty. Designing adequate forest decision support models and tools is a thus a very complex task. The European and the American experiences with the development and application of models and tools to support forest management provides a solid foundation for continuous improvement of its efficiency and effectiveness in a context of global change that calls for adaptive approaches. It further suggests networking and research needs to pursue that improvement. This provided the rationale for a project that might strengthen research collaboration through active networking and staff exchange activities between four European organisations from Portugal, Finland, Spain and Sweden, and five American organisations from Chile, Brazil and USA that are leaders in this field. These organisations represent different disciplines (e.g. environmental science, forest inventory and modelling, operations research and software engineering). The project will contribute to a consistent worldwide quality reference for the development of tools that may be used by public administrators, forest owners, industry and non-governmental organisations for enhanced integration of adaptive strategies in forest management planning. Expertise of the partners involved in this proposal is key to achieve the objectives of the ForEAdapt programme.

Keywords: modelling,growth and yield models,optimisation,decision support systems,forest management,portugal,finland,sweden,spain,chile,brazil,usa.
Latin Amercian Chinese European Galaxy Formation Network (LACEGAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Germany,Netherlands,Spain,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Italy,Germany,Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-15
End date: 2015-05-14
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 779100.0
EU funding (EUR): 779100.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

The focus in cosmology is shifting from the determination of the basic cosmological parameters to developing an understanding of how galaxies formed. Progress in this field has been driven by a combination of computer simulation and observational breakthroughs. Over the next few years, groundbreaking new facilities will come online and will provide data of unprecedented quality with which to test theoretical models. The key objective of our proposal is to allow European scientists to play a leading role in advancing our understanding of galaxy formation, by forging new links and research collaborations with scientists in Latin America and China, which host some of these new experiments. Our research programme covers all aspects of numerical galaxy formation. In addition to building new research capacity, we will organise a series of events to avoid fragmentation of research expertise and to help train a new generation of galaxy formation modellers.

Keywords: physical sciences,astrophysics,computational physics