Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Promoting change in approaching intimate partner violence through the analysis of public media and health experts knowledge (IPVPUBEXP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165540.8
EU funding (EUR): 165540.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over the last few decades, intimate partner violence (IPV) has increasingly gained public attention and has been established as a gender-based issue and a priority concern in the international policy agenda. Despite remarkable achievements, effective transformations are strongly bound to established forms of social knowledge and unequal gender relations. Drawing on a gender perspective, and integrating it with psychological, social, and political theories, this study aims to explore the dynamics of social understandings and practices related to intimate partners violence interacting with broader changes. More precisely, this proposal looks at how the recent notion of IPV is symbolically signified, negotiated and shaped in the public sphere and in the institutional arena, by conducting field studies in two European countries, Italy and the UK. Common sense thinking and expert knowledge of IPV are analysed and compared: public knowledge is scrutinised through the analysis of media news and representations while institutional knowledge is investigated through the analysis of health professionals’ approaches. The rationale of the cross-cultural comparison between UK and Italy rests on their remarkable differences in terms of approach to the feminist perspective, to gender equality and ethnic diversity. It is expected that the present proposal might contribute to a sounder understanding of how IPV is represented in society and, ultimately, to its prevention in the European context.

Keywords: social sciences,health sciences
Effects of Different Learning Experiences on Automatic Evaluative Processes (DLEAEP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In evaluative learning, associative learning refers to the effect of repeated exposure to an object and an evaluation that appear together (e.g., “Snakes-Unpleasantness”), whereas propositional learning refers to learning the actual relationship between the object and the evaluation (e.g., “Snakes cause unpleasantness”). A common core assumption in contemporary attitude research is that associative learning affects mainly automatic evaluations (unintentional and sometimes unconscious), whereas propositional learning affects mainly controlled evaluations (deliberated and conscious). However, contemporary attitude theory acknowledges some relationships across the implicit/explicit boundary. The proposed research will extend the investigation of these assumed relationships by examining another possible interrelation across the implicit/explicit boundary: the effect of non-associative information on automatic evaluations. The research will examine how learning specific object-evaluation relationships (e.g., “X causes unpleasantness” vs. “X prevents unpleasantness”) affect implicit measures and automatic evaluation. The research includes unprecedented large-scale (overall N &gt; 30,000) comparative studies that will examine current assumptions about implicit/explicit distinctions in formation and measurement, in addition to the effect of propositional learning on automatic evaluation. It will use a large number of associative and propositional attitude induction methods, four difference implicit measures, and attitude-relevant automatic behaviors. These large-scale tests are possible because of the researcher’s involvement in an American research website that collects data from thousands of participants every week. At the same time, the research will test these questions in smaller-scale lab-studies with a subset of the same learning procedures and attitude measurements, but with attitude-relevant social interactions created in an immersive virtual reality environment.

Keywords: social psychology,attitudes,implicit attitudes,evaluative learning,implicit measures
Injection, transport and manipulation of spin currents in new organic materials. (ITAMOSCINOM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will study spin injection, transport and manipulation in a variety of materials, from simple metals to organic semiconductors (OSC). Spintronics is an area of electronics that aims to exploit the spin of the electron. Although it is one of the selected areas to play a role in the post-CMOS electronics, spintronics still must prove its full potential in many subjects. One particularly important is the long distance spin transport and spin manipulation. For spintronic devices to be successful, i) they should transport spin for distances in excess of 100 nm and ii) they must have a lateral structure for multiterminal integration. Spin transport with these conditions have been achieved in metals and conventional semiconductors, although there is a need for materials with better spin transport properties and spin manipulation has still to be developed in any material. OSC, which are being integrated in mainstream electronics such as LEDs and FETs, may play an important role in the developing of organic spintronics. OSC have a very small spin-orbit coupling, which make them ideal as spin transporters. Combining conventional spintronics with OSC will allow us to open a new perspective in this field. The combination of magnetic and organic materials will allow us to understand the spin transport in carbon-based materials, to determine the potential of OSC in spintronics and to manipulate spins in non-conventional environments. The project will start by growing and characterizing the organic materials we will study on top of ferromagnetic materials and tunnel barriers and vice versa. This will allow us to obtain optimized organic vertical spin valves and study their transport properties. In parallel, we will fabricate spin valves with lateral geometry using metals, pure carbon and finally OSC. The last part of the project is dedicated to the spin manipulation, an essential condition to get advanced spintronic devices, such as the spin transistor.

Keywords: solid state physics,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,spintronics,spin injection,spin transport,lateral spin valves,organic semiconductors
New solar collector concept for high temperature operation in CSP applications (HITECO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Renewable electricity generation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Switzerland,Spain,Spain,Spain,Germany,Spain,Germany,Italy,Germany,Czechia
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2010-1, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5224721.4
EU funding (EUR): 3298299.85
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

In order to accelerate the implementation of the CSP technology, the electricity cost has to be reduced by increasing the plants’ efficiency. The HITECO Project aims at doing so by increasing the operating temperature of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) up to 600ºC and therefore raising the overall efficiency of the process. The current state-of-the-art designs are prevented to reach such temperatures without a dramatic efficiency drop by several key components. The HITECO design will re-assess all these concepts and research on new solutions that will allow the HTF to reach the aforementioned temperature and the overall process to increase its performance at the same time. In order to develop such a receiver, several research lines will have to be explored. Research on new materials and deposition methods will be developed in order to provide a system that will be able to endure such temperatures and maintain the optical, mechanical and thermal performance of the receiver; a new vacuum system will be introduced to maintain and monitor an acceptable vacuum level and the desired composition inside the tubes; new HTFs will have to be researched; and new supports, union systems and contact points will be developed in order to better accommodate the thermal expansion of the steel and the glass tubes. All these new concepts and designs will be validated through several modelling approaches and also through off-sun and field tests. The new design will also be assessed from a manufacturing point of view, in order to achieve a product that is easier and cheaper to fabricate, to assemble and to commission. In order to achieve these ambitious goals, the HITECO consortium brings together industrial partners and research organizations. With the successful development of the HITECO concept, the efficiency of CSP plants will be increased, thus contributing to a reduction of the produced electricity cost and therefore accelerating the implementation of this technology.

Keywords: absorber,tube,high temperature operation,concentrated solar power,collector,receiver,parabolic through
Capacitive mixing as a novel principle for generation of clean renewable energy from salinity differences (CAPMIX)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Horizontal programme actions
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Italy,Poland,Spain,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2010-FET, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3184921.2
EU funding (EUR): 2404745.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

Electricity can be generated by mixing salt water and fresh water in a controlled way. Salt water can be sea water and fresh water can be river water, so this technology can be used wherever a river flows into the sea. CAPMIX stands for capacitive mixing and is a new way of harvesting this potential power. The principal advantage of this technology is that the electricity generation is directly linked to the mixing process, no additional intermediate conversions are necessary. There is thus no need for expensive complex converters like turbines or electrodes. This makes that this type of holds the greatest promise of becoming an economical and environmental benign renewable energy plant.

Keywords: energy,capacitive mixing,salinity difference energy
Laboratory simulation of cosmological magnetic fields (COSMOLAB)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1119690.0
EU funding (EUR): 1119690.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The advent of high-power laser systems in the past two decades has opened a new field of research where astrophysical environments can be scaled down to laboratory dimensions, yet preserving the essential physics. This is due to the invariance of the equations of ideal magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) to a class of self-similar transformations. In this proposal, we will apply these scaling laws to investigate the dynamics of the high Mach number shocks arising during the formation of the large-scale structure of the Universe. Although at the beginning of cosmic evolution matter was nearly homogenously distributed, today, as a result of gravitational instability, it forms a web-like structure made of filaments and clusters. Gas continues to accrete supersonically onto these collapsed structures, thus producing high Mach number shocks. It has been recently proposed that generation of magnetic fields can occur at these cosmic shocks on a cosmologically fast timescale via a Weibel-like instability, thus providing an appealing explanation to the ubiquitous magnetization of the Universe. Our proposal will thus provide the first experimental evidence of such mechanisms. We plan to measure the self-generated magnetic fields from laboratory shock waves using a novel combination of electron deflectometry, Faraday rotation measurements using THz lasers, and dB/dt probes. The proposed investigation on the generation of magnetic fields at shocks via plasma instabilities bears important general consequences. First, it will shed light on the origin of cosmic magnetic fields. Second, it would have a tremendous impact on one of the greatest puzzles of high energy astrophysics, the origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays. We plan to assess the role of charged particle acceleration via collisionless shocks in the amplification of the magnetic field as well as measure the spectrum of such accelerated particles. The experimental work will be carried both at Oxford U and at laser facilities.

Keywords: laboratory astrophysics
Targeting the tumour microenvironment to improve pancreatic cancer prognosis (EPC-TM-NET)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,United Kingdom,Spain,Italy,Germany,Sweden,Germany,Germany,Italy,Germany,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4230298.46
EU funding (EUR): 3000000.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human cancers with a five-year survival rate of less than 5%. Late presentation and a high level of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs are among the major reasons for this dismal prognosis. The presence of the highest degree of desmoplasia among all solid tumours and the fact that chronic inflammatory pancreatic disease is associated with an increased risk for pancreatic cancer indicate, that the tumour microenvironment is of particular importance for carcinogenesis in the pancreas. The long-term objective of this proposal is to increase survival of pancreatic cancer patients by exploring the contribution of the tumour microenvironment to the failure of presently available oncological treatments. For this purpose the clinical observation will be reverse-translated into innovative in-vitro and mouse models closely mimicking the human disease. This will allow a profound study of the mechanistic basis of treatment failure by deciphering the complex network between components of the microenvironment and cancer cells leading to increased resistance to chemotherapy and infiltrative growth along adjacent lymphatic and neural structures as well as metastatic spread. Identification of cancer (stem) cell-autonomous as well as stromal-derived mediators of invasion and chemoresistance will lead to novel drug targets to overcome the current therapeutic dilemma. The consortium has been specifically designed to include all required levels of expertise: 1) surgical and medical oncology groups conducting the largest clinical trials for pancreatic cancer in Europe, 2) expert pancreatic pathologists, 3) basic scientists focused on the study of carcinogenesis and tumour microenvironment interactions in the pancreas, 4) molecular oncology groups that have developed genetically engineered mouse models faithfully recapitulating human pancreatic cancer, as well as 5) pharmaceutical industry specialised on drug development.

Keywords: pancreatic cancer,tumor microenvironment,stroma,genetic mouse models,drug development
Trustworthy Clouds – Privacy and Resilience for Internet-scale Critical Infrastructure (TCLOUDS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Pervasive and Trustworthy network and service infrastructures
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Austria,Switzerland,Netherlands,Portugal,Germany,United Kingdom,Italy,Germany,Italy,Netherlands,Germany,Germany,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-5, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 10766872.0
EU funding (EUR): 7500000.0
Participants: 18
Project status: CLOSED

Protecting critical infrastructures providing communications, energy, or healthcare presents increasing ICT challenges as ICT itself has become vital to them. Internet-scale ICT infrastructures (“infrastructure clouds”) promise scalable virtualised computing, network, and storage resources over the Internet. They provide scalability and cost-efficiency but pose significant new privacy and resilience challenges. Clouds may evolve into a single point of failure, threaten all dependent ICT, and put the Future Internet at risk. TCLOUDS builds a resilient Future Internet platform by progress in four areas: 1) Addressing the legal and business implications while building a regulatory framework for enabling privacy-enhanced cross-border infrastructure clouds. 2) Architecture and prototypes for a federation of trustworthy infrastructure clouds that build on complementary and mutually re-enforcing technical approaches: a) A Trustworthy Infrastructure Cloud enables individual providers to offer more resilient and privacy-aware infrastructure clouds. b) Privacy and Resilience for Commodity Clouds enables end users to put a security layer on top of existing commodity infrastructure clouds to enforce their security objectives. c) Federated Cloud-of-cloud Middleware offers privacy-protection and resilience beyond any individual cloud. This expands trust from trusted (enterprise-internal) clouds to less trusted (off-shored) ones or federates a set of partially trusted providers into a trustworthy and adaptive federation. 3) Validation and impact through benchmark scenarios: a) Smart power grids connect renewable energy sources and users. It is a premier example of an Internet of Things. b) Home healthcare provides prophylaxis to citizens. We focus on the privacy and usability challenges of cross-border usage of personal data. 4) Collaboration with complementary standardisation and FP7 projects maximises impact and fosters a European Trustworthy Cloud ecosystem.

Keywords: internet-scale virtual infrastructures,privacy,security,resiliency,cross-border infrastructure clouds,resilient smart grid,home healthcare,federation
Mathematical modeling of anaesthetic action (MATHANA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Starting Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 58.0
Total project cost (EUR): 856500.0
EU funding (EUR): 856500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

General anaesthesia is an important method in today's hospital practice and especially in surgery. To supervise the depth of anaesthesia during surgery, the anaesthesist applies electroencephalography (EEG) and monitors the brain activity of the subject on the scalp. The applied monitoring machine calculates the change of the power spectrum of the brain signals to indicate the anaesthetic depth. This procedure is based on the finding that the concentration increase of the anaesthetic drug changes the EEG-power spectrum in a significant way. Although this procedure is applied world-wide, the underlying neural mechanism of the spectrum change is still unknown. The project aims to elucidate the underlying neural mechanism by a detailed investigating a mathematical model of neural populations. The investigation is based on analytical calculations in a neural population model of the cortex involving intrinsic neural properties of brain areas and feedback loops to other areas, such as the loop between the cortex and the thalamus. Currently, there are two proposed mechanisms for the charactertisic change of the power spectrum: a highly nonlinear jump in the activation (so-called phase transition) and a linear behavior. The project mainly focusses on the nonlinear jump to finally rule it out or support it. A subsequent comparison to previous experimenta results aims to fit the physiological parameters. Since the cortex population is embedded into a network of other cortical areas and the thalamus, the corresponding analytical investigations takes into account external stochastic (from other brain areas) and time-periodic (thalamic) forces. To this end it is necessary to develop several novel nonlinear analysis technique of neural populations to derive the power spectrum close to the phase transition and conditions for physiological parameters.

Keywords: synaptic action,cortico-thalamic feedback loop
Femtosecond Laser Control of Spins in Magnetic Materials: from fundamentals to nanoscale dynamics (FEMTOMAGNETISM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the project is to develop femtosecond optical control of magnetism: a new area at the junction of coherent nonlinear optics, near-field optics and magnetism. In particular, I am aiming to investigate nonthermal effects of light on magnetic order and to apply this knowledge for highly efficient ultrafast (10-12 seconds and faster) optical control of magnetism at the nanoscale. The ever increasing demand for faster information processing has triggered an intense search for ways to manipulate magnetically stored bits at the ultimately short time-scale. Although efficient, ultrafast and nonthermal laser control of magnetism may open new prospect of magnetic data storage and manipulation, many fundamental questions concerning the mechanisms that are responsible for the nonthermal effect of photons on spins and ultrafast laser induced changes of magnetic order are poorly understood. This is mainly because an ultrashort laser pulse brings a medium into a strongly non-equilibrium state where conventional description of magnetic phenomena in terms of thermodynamics is no longer valid. In this proposal I am planning to address these fundamental questions using novel experimental approaches for both the excitation and observation of magnetism on an ultrafast timescale. In particular, the proposal involves: a) development of polarization pulse shaping, where specially shaped laser pulses yield control over coherent optical excitations in a medium; b) exploring the ultrafast response of magnetic order with advanced optical and X-ray techniques. The ultimate goal is to combine the fundamental knowledge of femtosecond opto-magnetism obtained in this project with the methods of near-field optics to achieve ultrafast control of spins in magnetic nanostructures.

Keywords: ultrafast spin dynamics,femtosecond opto-magnetism