Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Formal lexically informed logics for searching the web (FLEXILOG)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2020-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1451656.0
EU funding (EUR): 1451656.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Semantic search engines use structured knowledge to improve traditional web search, e.g. by directly answering questions from users. Current approaches to semantic search rely on the unrealistic assumption that all true facts about a given domain are explicitly stated in their knowledge base or on the web. To reach their full potential, semantic search engines need the ability to reason about known facts. However, existing logics cannot adequately deal with the imperfect nature of knowledge from the web. One problem is that relevant information tends to be distributed over several heterogeneous knowledge bases that are inconsistent with each other. Moreover, domain theories are seldom complete, which means that a form of so-called plausible reasoning is needed. Finally, as relevant logical theories do not exist for many domains, reasoning may need to rely on imperfect probabilistic theories that have been learned from the web. To overcome these challenges, FLEXILOG will introduce a family of logics for robust reasoning with messy real-world knowledge, based on vector-space representations of natural language terms (i.e. of lexical knowledge). In particular, we will use lexical knowledge to estimate the plausibility of logical models, using conceptual simplicity as a proxy for plausibility (i.e. Occam’s razor). This will enable us to implement various forms of commonsense reasoning, equipping classical logic with the ability to draw plausible conclusions based on regularities that are observed in a knowledge base. We will then generalise our approach to probabilistic logics, and show how we can use the resulting lexically informed probabilistic logics to learn accurate and comprehensive domain theories from the web. This project will enable a robust data-driven approach to logic-based semantic search, and more generally lead to fundamental progress in a variety of knowledge-intensive applications for which logical inference has traditionally been too brittle.

Keywords: knowledge representation and reasoning,commonsense reasoning,vector space models,semantic spaces
Demonstration of ATM Improvements Generated by Initial Trajectory Sharing - Airspace User Part (DIGITS-AU)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: SESAR (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Switzerland,Hungary,Sweden,France,France,Czechia,United States,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Initial Trajectory Information sharing (H2020-SESAR-2016-2, 2016)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 6150954.71
EU funding (EUR): 4305668.3
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

* DIGITS-AU is the essential Airspace User complement to the DIGITS project (Demonstration of ATM Improvements Generated by Initial Trajectory Sharing). DIGITS was granted under H2020-SESAR-2015-2, SESAR.ID-VLD.Wave1-27-2015, and its continuation is dependent on the participation of Airspace Users (AU). * As required, DIGITS-AU brings together Airspace Users - who operate (even partially) in the airspace of ANSPs participating to DIGITS, namely DFS, ENAV, MUAC and NATS and - who will receive through this Call new onboard avionics capability which allows to downlink trajectory predictions, the so-called Extended Projected Profile (EPP), for sharing with Air Traffic Control. * This proposal addresses also the interface with other SESAR 2020 projects, by nature with PJ31 DIGITS, but also with PJs 01, 09, 10 and 18 in order to contribute to the identification of benefit potentials facilitated by this new airborne technology. The capture of real fuel burn reduction for DIGITS-AU flights is not possible due to the fact that ground ATC systems are used in an pre-operational or shadow mode, based on which air traffic controllers may not alter their instructions. Nevertheless "what-if" cases shall be identified as far as observations possibly allow and the theoretical fuel burn gain calculated.

Keywords: h2020 sesar 2015 2 pj31 digits grant 731818,digits proposal apr 2016 and digits demonstration plan edition 1 dated 31,2017,extended projected profile epp,atn b2,fans c,ads c,pcp af
Deciphering the Code of Value Signals in the Human Brain (COVADIS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2024-05-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 203149.44
EU funding (EUR): 203149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Humans routinely make complex decisions between alternative courses of action. How our brains enable us to do this is a fundamental question in neuroscience. A central hypothesis is that the brain represents the motivational relevance of the choice options by means of value signals. However, it has remained elusive how the brain computes such values for multi-dimensional options and how it flexibly adapts them to different contexts. This lack of knowledge has strong implications for society, since it prevents us from adequately treating psychiatric behavioral control disorders that affect the lives of millions worldwide, and since it hampers the rapidly growing artificial-intelligence industry trying to develop agents that are truly capable of autonomous value-based decisions. This groundbreaking, interdisciplinary action will take an important step towards deciphering the neural code for value through the combined use of methods from cognitive neuroscience, computational modelling, and behavioral psychophysics. Specifically, I will create an experimental setup for the study of value signals, reveal the computational and biological principles of the neural code for value, and synthetize the results into a comprehensive report on a biologically plausible model of the brain computations underlying value processing. My training in decision-making, neuroimaging, and computational modelling make me the ideal person for this action. The state-of-the-art and interdisciplinary research facilities of the Zürich center for Neuroeconomics at the University of Zürich make it the ideal host institution. At this pioneering lab, I will be trained in cutting-edge decoding methods for neuroimaging, non-invasive brain stimulation, statistical and computational skills, and in communicating the results of this interdisciplinary work. This will boost my ability to lead my own laboratory as an independent researcher in clinical and decision neuroscience.

Keywords: decision making,choices,value,population code,computational model,non invasive brain stimulation
Innovative Method for PREStressing and post-tensioning technique addressing more Sustainable and secure concrete buildings (IMPRESS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over 50% of the annual construction budget in Europe is spent on refurbishment and remediation of the existing structures in order to prolong their service life . Concrete, although strong in compression, is weak in tension: for this reason it needs help in resisting tensile stresses. Currently used systems that are generating compressing concrete are prestressing and post-tensioning. The limit of both techniques are tendons corrosion, scarce performance on seisminc loads and low fire resistance. Gemini Impianti has developed a technology (PAT / Pressure Activated Tendon) that remove all the downsides of the currently know prestressing / post tensioning methods making also possible generate multiaxial simultaneous prestressing that can actually generate full prestressed nodes. The PAT, can be used in any size of concrete structure and it can be actually used on in situ construction and as well for improve the behaviour to seismic and fire loads of existing structures and building and can also contribute in improving environmental performances of buildings. The PAT techniques has been initially validated in lab test and against market requirements, receiving Letter of Interest from main Tendon producers in targeted markets (namely Laterlite SpA, Dayton Superior Inc, HG Group). Gemini is then fully committed in bringing this innovative solution on the market (that is valued USD 4.2 billion by 2025) and a preliminary investigation on overall investment needed has been carried out: the innovation project budget is assessed in €2,4M€, that will allow to reach 50M€ turnover at Y4 after project completion.

Keywords: reinforced concrete,sustainable buildings
Wildsmoke: Forest Fire and Our Senses in the North, 1911-1961 (Wildsmoke)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Norway
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-11
End date: 2023-03-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 202158.72
EU funding (EUR): 202158.72
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Wildsmoke examines the history of transient wildfire smoke in the northern hemisphere as part of past and continuing environmental change. The project traces smoke across political and disciplinary borders. It implicates national and regional climate change policy, especially issues of social equity and environmental justice in areas of Europe most affected by smoke seasons. The work offers increased understanding and control over a subject that has been difficult to grasp while positioning the researcher at the influential intersection between academic and government work. The unprecedented scale and frequency of wildfire in the northern hemisphere has made smoke a seasonal occurrence in skies around the world. In 2018, ash drifted from fires in northwestern Canada into northern Europe, altering forecasts on both continents, settling in Antarctic ice, and accelerating glacial melt rates. Although climate change has exacerbated smoke events in the twenty-first century, smoke seasons lie within a longer history of human-smoke interaction (wild and domestic) stretching back into deep time. Wildsmoke analyses this accumulated history to draw lessons for the present. My research frames smoke seasons as part of a long and dynamic relationship with smoke which has changed over time and is responsive to the nuances of social, political, and economic history. Understanding the way our relationships with smoke have been built over time is important because smoke is a form of slow environmental violence. Smoke policy must be proactive about managing smoke and its impacts on landscapes and bodies. Smoke is unevenly distributed by wind, vegetation, humidity, and individual vulnerability. A humanistic approach is necessary because the ways in which the bodily and ecological burdens of smoke fall are often determined by socio-political factors. Smoke is not neutral, and has historically impacted some groups more severely than others.

Keywords: environmental history
Crafting Emotion: The Late Antique Panegyris as Embodied Experience (ca. 330-ca. 500) (EmbPatristics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186167.04
EU funding (EUR): 186167.04
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

EmbPatristics seeks to develop an interdisciplinary model for the study of emotion manipulation in ritual contexts. To this end, it applies analytical instruments developed across the Historical, Social, and Cognitive Sciences to a particularly well-documented case study, namely the annual celebration of a martyr’s death or ‘martyr panegyris’, as celebrated in Asia Minor (Anatolia) in the 4th and 5th centuries CE. The experience gained from the analysis is used to develop an adaptable model, with implications for the history of emotion, the history of religion, ritual studies, and the Cognitive Sciences. In terms of content, EmbPatristics opens the discussion and provides the instruments for further research on the role emotion played in the spread of Christianity among Romans. Finally, by showing in a comprehensible manner how external stimuli elicit emotional responses, the initiative contributes to contemporary society, where emotion manipulation through media outlets has become increasingly popular in the past years Keeping with the goals of the MSCA, EmbPatristics involves a bidirectional knowledge transfer and the strengthening of European research networks. The researcher will enrich his expertise in the staging of religious experiences with competences in Patristic text analysis and in the Cognitive Sciences—area of study in which the University of Vienna is the leading European centre—while also improving his scientific networking, communication, and project management skills. The University of Vienna will have its Cognitive Science research enriched with a new focus—i.e. the study of Patristics from an embodied perspective—housed within the Department of Christian History, Art and Archaeology.

Keywords: patristics,late antiquity,panegyris,emotion,embodied
Built to Specifications: Self-Inspection, 3D Modelling, Management and Quality-Check Tools for the 21st Century Construction Worksite (Built2Spec)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Technologies enabling energy-efficient systems and energy-efficient buildings with a low environmental impact
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Ireland,Spain,Germany,Ireland,Italy,Italy,Switzerland,France,France,France,France,France,France,France,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Development of new self-inspection techniques and quality check methodologies for efficient construction processes (H2020-EeB-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5985728.76
EU funding (EUR): 5535103.76
Participants: 28
Project status: CLOSED

Built2Spec brings together a new and breakthrough set of technological advances for self-inspection and quality assurance that will be put into the hands of construction stakeholders to help meeting EU energy efficiency targets, new build standards, and related policy ambitions. B2S will expand upon a cloud based construction support platform, conceived following the most advanced integrated design and delivery framework for the building sector and hosting applications that facilitate worksite activities and quality compliance by putting knowledge in hands of contractors, in the form of shared design specifications and 3D models, installation guidelines, information on regulatory frameworks, and help from construction experts on smartphones and tablets. New self-inspection technologies managed within the platform and developed in the project include: • Special IR camera in smartphones coupled with new mathematical “reverse” models for on-the-fly analysis of existing buildings envelope thermal properties • Rapid BIM modelling via instant 3D capture with smartphones, passed via the cloud to the refurbishment team back-office, allowing accurate instant energy efficiency evaluation, quality check and streamlined quotation process • Portable, innovative low pressure air tightness technique allowing testing of occupied buildings • Smart sensor-embedded construction elements (identification, structural performance, and building environment parameters) • Portable single device for Indoor Air Quality tests offering multi-gas capabilities targeting the most harmful gas pollutants • A novel lightweight portable sound source for on-site acoustic tests to regulation compliance The B2S system will be integrated into the operations of SME contractors, large construction firms, and end user clients directly within the consortium and work program activities, assuring systematic and scientific performance measures, feedback and powerful exploitation and dissemination strategies.

Keywords: ir thermal,low pressure air tightness,energy efficiency quality checks,acoustics,cloud based construction management platform,regulation compliance,end user oriented,portable
Chemistry and transport properties of bridgmanite controlling lower-mantle dynamics (UltraLVP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2642120.0
EU funding (EUR): 2642120.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Seismic observations imply that slab descent and plume ascent are impeded in the mid-mantle (MM) (depths of 660–1000 km, pressures of 23–40 GPa). A recent evaluation of viscosity variation suggested the presence of a viscosity increase or maximum in the MM that could drag the slab and plume motions. The viscosity variation may be caused by a change in the rheology of bridgmanite (Brg), the dominant mineral in the lower mantle (LM). The absence of seismic anisotropy suggests the dominance of diffusion creep in the majority of the LM. Element diffusivities and grain size are two essential factors of diffusion creep, and defect chemistry controls diffusivity. Hence, this project will determine defect chemistry, diffusivity and the grain growth rate of Brg. Since plume ascent originates in deep parts in the LM, these three properties need to be determined at pressures up to 80 GPa. Although use of a large-volume press (LVP) is vital for obtaining reliable high-pressure experimental data on mineral and rock properties, conventional LVP with carbide anvils can only generate 27 GPa. Recent LVP technology can generate over 100 GPa using sintered diamond (SD) anvils, but the process is currently very difficult for practical use. We developed a method to generate 50 GPa using hard carbide (HWC) anvils that allows practical investigation of Brg properties at mantle temperatures. We will investigate the three properties of Brg up to 50 GPa using LVP with HWC. We will develop LVP technology with SD to reliably generate pressures up to 80 GPa at mantle temperatures, and we will investigate the Brg properties under these conditions. These data will enable numerical modelling of slab and plume dynamics to explain the seismic observations. Through such modelling, we will investigate how materials are transported between the surface and deep mantle reservoirs, which can provide insight into Earth’s evolution and surface habitability.

Keywords: mid mantle,material transport,viscosity,high pressure,high temperature,large volume press,defect,vacancy,diffusivity,grain growth,creep
Differential Roles of Estrogens in Obesity-mediated ER+ Breast Cancer Development (EOBRECA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-11-23
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Observational studies indicate that obesity and the risk of developing estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers has an inverse association in premenopausal women, but a positive association in post-menopausal women. Breast cancer risk rises steeply after menopause, when estradiol decreases markedly and estrone become the major serum estrogen. Adipose tissue express high levels of the enzyme aromatase, being the major site of estrogen synthesis after menopause. Obesity in postmenopausal women correlates with increased serum estrone levels. Obesity and higher estrone, but not estradiol, are correlated with increased risk of ER+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Obesity mediates a chronic inflammatory state through NF-kB pathway activation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. The chronic inflammatory milieu established in the obese adipose tissue may be associated to the increased risk of developing several cancer types, including postmenopausal ER+ breast cancer. It is known that estradiol inhibits NF-kB activation through different molecular mechanisms. However, the role of estrone in regulating the NF-kB pathway has not been studied yet. Notably, low intra-tumor expression of enzymes converting estrone into estradiol, and overexpression of enzymes that convert estradiol into estrone are both associated with a worse outcome in ER+ breast cancer patients. This proposal pursue to elucidate the role of estrone in the increased risk of developing ER+ breast cancer in obese postmenopausal women. We hope to determine the roles of estrone and estradiol in regulating NF-kB pathway in adipocytes and ER+ normal epithelial mammary cells. We will also determine if enzymes involved in estradiol to estrone conversion have an oncogenic role in the development of this disease. Data obtained from this work have the potential to identify new markers and therapeutic targets against ER+ breast cancers, and lead to the design of new strategies for its prevention.

Keywords: er breast cancer,obesity,nf kb,inflammation,estrogens,hsd17b14