Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Innovative Catalyst Design for Large-Scale, Sustainable Processes (I-CAD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and Processes Engineering
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999876.8
EU funding (EUR): 1999876.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A systematic and novel, multi-scale model based catalyst design methodology will be developed. The fundamental nature of the models used is unprecedented and will represent a breakthrough compared to the more commonly applied statistical, correlative relationships. The methodology will focus on the intrinsic kinetics of (potentially) large-scale processes for the conversion of renewable feeds into fuels and chemicals. Non-ideal behaviour, caused by mass and heat transfer limitations or particular reactor hydrodynamics, will be explicitly accounted for when simulating or optimizing industrial-scale applications. The selected model reactions are situated in the area of biomass upgrading to fuels and chemicals: fast pyrolysis oil stabilization, glycerol hydrogenolysis and selective oxidation of (bio)ethanol to acetaldehyde. For the first time, a systematic microkinetic modelling methodology will be developed for oxygenates conversion. In particular, stereochemistry in catalysis will be assessed. Two types of descriptors will be quantified: kinetic descriptors that are catalyst independent and catalyst descriptors that specifically account for the effect of the catalyst properties on the reaction kinetics. The latter will be optimized in terms of reactant conversion, product yield or selectivity. Fundamental relationships will be established between the catalyst descriptors as determined by microkinetic modelling and independently measured catalyst properties or synthesis parameters. These innovative relationships allow providing the desired, rational feedback in from optimal descriptor values towards synthesis parameters for a new catalyst generation. Their fundamental character will guarantee adequate extrapolative properties that can be exploited for the identification of a groundbreaking next catalyst generation.

Keywords: catalysis,microkinetics,rational design,multi-scale modelling
Highly Multiplexed Affinity Proteomics for Point of Care Diagnostics (MULTIPOC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Diagnostic Tools, Therapies and Public Health
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective is the development of highly multiplexed affinity proteomics tools for point of care diagnostics. Enabled by the world's largest resource of antibodies to human protein targets generated within the framework of the Human Protein Atlas program, the aim of this application is to develop new concepts in translational medical research to allow dramatic improvement in performance and accessibility of point of care tests in both high and low resource clinical settings in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions and several cancers. To achieve the goal, developments will be made in 1) detection principles and sample preparation, 2) rapid and low cost protein microarrays assays and 3) novel amplification strategies. Strategies will be developed to for the first time enable highly multiplexed sandwich detection across the analytical range of the plasma proteome. Four different novel microarray formats amenable for point of care are presented that each will allow dramatically improved multiplexity and high performance. Different types of new multifunctional silica/gold nanoparticles exhibiting combinations of magnetic, fluorescent, electro-active, enzymatic and optical qualities that will allow deterministic actuation and multimodal detection options will be synthesized and applied for exquisite sensitivity and rapid detection. Following the technology development, developed assay systems will be implemented for full plasma proteome analysis and in the three clinical areas: infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions and cancers. Collaborations with clinical researchers in all the relevant fields have already been established. In theses clinical fields, a body of previous research efforts has shown that highly multiplexed plasma analysis may dramatically improve diagnostic accuracy, and it is here that the novel comprehensive point of care systems presented in this proposal may conceivably create the largest impact for patients and health care systems.

Keywords: point of care,affinity proteomics,multiplexing,lateral flow,microarrays,nanoparticles,microfluidics,paper,plasma analysis,infectious diseases,cancer,autoimmunity,public and global health
The Reception and Circulation of Early Modern’s Women’s Writing, 1550-1700 (RECIRC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and Cultural Production
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2020-01-31
Duration (months): 67.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1823928.0
EU funding (EUR): 1823928.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will produce a large-scale, quantitative analysis of the ways in which women’s writing was received and circulated in the early modern period. By exploring the phenomenon of early modern literary reception in a rigorous and comprehensive way, the project will allow us to see more clearly the importance and function of reception; specifically how the field of reception articulates and develops critical and aesthetic engagements, how it reveals the extent to which gender shapes ideas about authorship, and how it historicizes our current debates about intellectual impact and gender. Existing reception scholarship has focused on qualitative case studies and tended to prioritize print culture; the field requires a quantitative approach that takes full account of the realities of textual transmission in a period when manuscript circulation retained its broad appeal. RECIRC overcomes the logistical challenges by focusing on the category of the manuscript miscellany and on networks as centres of textual circulation, producing new knowledge about transmission and book ownership. The project will test the hypothesis that the attribution of texts to anonymous, pseudonymous and gender-designated authors is revelatory regarding how gender determined reception. RECIRC’s specific objectives are: to challenge assumptions that women’s penetration of the literary field in this period was limited by focusing on textual reception rather than production; to transform current thinking on the nature of impact and the quality of reception by classifying and analysing the modes of textual engagement in new ways; to provoke a new understanding of the invention of the author in this period by approaching the question via reception, grounding it in a gendered understanding of the complex constructions of authorship that includes the exploitation of anonymity and pseudonymity; and to advance current discourses about scholarly impact by opening up and critiquing their historical contexts.

Keywords: history of reading
Solving the TP-AGB STAR Conundrum: a KEY to Galaxy Evolution (STARKEY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe Sciences
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2020-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1930628.0
EU funding (EUR): 1930628.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Models of the Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch (TP-AGB) stellar evolutionary phase play a critical role across astrophysics, from the chemical composition of meteorites belonging to the pre-solar nebula up to galaxy evolution in the high-redshift Universe. In spite of its importance, the modelling of TP-AGB is still affected by large uncertainties that propagate into the field of extragalactic astronomy, degrading the predicting power of current population synthesis models of galaxies. The major goal of this proposal is to remedy this persistent condition of uncertainty and controversy. The solution to the TP-AGB star conundrum will be provided by a new approach, which stands on the optimised integration of a) state-of-the-art theoretical tools to account for the complex physics of TP-AGB stars (evolution, nucleosynthesis, pulsation, winds, dust formation, etc.), and b) exceptionally high-quality observations of resolved TP-AGB stellar populations in stars clusters and nearby galaxies (Magellanic Clouds, M31, dwarf galaxies up to 4 Mpc) with reliable measurements of their star formation histories. We will adopt a global calibration method, in which TP-AGB evolution models are required to simultaneously reproduce a set of well-defined observational constraints (distributions of luminosities, colours, pulsation periods, dust mass-loss rates, expansion velocities of dusty envelopes, etc.). This project will deepen our understanding of TP-AGB physics profoundly, and provide wide-spread community benefits as well. We will publicly release well-tested and reliable ``TP-AGB products'', including stellar tracks, isochrones in all photometric systems, and chemical yields for both gas and dust. Eventually these products will be embedded in the stellar population synthesis models that are routinely used to analyse the integrated galaxy observables that probe the extragalactic Universe.

Keywords: stellar evolution,stars: abundances,stars: stellar winds,stars: dust formation,stellar atmospheres,stars: variability,stars: nucleosynthesis,population synthesis models of galaxies
Neuronal Dynamics of the Basal Ganglia and the Kinematics of Motor Habits (NEUROKINEMATICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and Neural Disorders
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1846073.33
EU funding (EUR): 1846073.33
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Motor habits are well learned spatiotemporally ordered sequences of movements executed without being explicitly motivated by a goal. Habits are formed following long trial-and-error learning periods but once acquired they tend to persist even when their beneficial outcome is degraded. Despite the behavioral importance of habits and their dramatic alteration in several pathologies (Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, addictions) the neuronal mechanisms behind habitual actions are unclear. On the one hand, lesions or dysfunction of the basal ganglia (BG) are well known to alter the formation and execution of habits. On the other hand, it is generally assumed that the function of the BG is to initiate adapted actions while inhibiting unwanted ones. This action selection model implies that the BG does not contribute to the control of the kinematics of actions (how selected actions are executed). A major problem of the action selection model is that it does not explain why BG dysfunctions result in specific deficits in movement kinematics. Here, on the basis of recent findings from our team, we will test the hypothesis that, rather than selecting actions, neuronal activity in the BG plays a crucial role in controlling the kinematics of habitual actions. We will combine large-scale recordings of spiking activity in the BG (striatum) and related structures (primary motor cortex and thalamus) with optogenetic and pharmacological manipulations of neuronal activity in behaving rodents. Importantly we will use new behavioral tasks specifically designed to capture the often overlooked spatiotemporal structure of habits. The results obtained will shed new lights on the network and cellular mechanisms driving habits, the controversial function of the BG and the broader issue of motor learning. A better understanding of these topics is a required step toward improving the treatment of the numerous diseases of the BG, including those impairing habits.

Keywords: basal ganglia,striatum,habits,motor learning,spikes,tetrodes,optogenetic,rat,mice
Motivic Mellin transforms and exponential sums through non-archimedean geometry (MOTMELSUM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 912000.0
EU funding (EUR): 912000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We aim to create a new and powerful theory of motivic integration which incorporates Mellin transforms. The absence of motivic Mellin transforms is a major drawback of the existing theories. Classical Mellin transforms are in essence Fourier transforms on the multiplicative group of local fields. We aim to apply this theory to study new motivic Poisson summation formulas, new transfer principles, and applications of these. All of this has so far only been studied in the presence of additive characters, and remains completely open for multiplicative characters. Understanding all this at a motivic level yields a uniform understanding when the local field varies and will require an approach using non-archimedean geometry. We will open up possibilities for applications via new transfer principles and will give access to motivic Poisson formulas of other groups than the additive group. For these applications it is important that Fubini Theorems are present at the level of the motivic integrals, which we aim to develop. We will overcome the major obstacle of the totally different nature of the dual group of the multiplicative group by a proposed sequence of germs of ideas by the author. The importance of our work on motivic Fourier transforms on the additive group is already widely recognized, and this proposal will complement it by exploring the new territory of motivic multiplicative characters. A final topic is the study of the highly non-understood exponential sums modulo powers of primes, in relation with Igusa's foundational work. We will try to discover a deeper understanding of the uniform behavior of these sums when the prime number varies. These sums are linked to geometrical concepts like the log-canonical threshold, and also to Poisson summation, after the work by Igusa. We will aim to prove a highly generalized form of Igusa's conjecture on exponential sums.

Keywords: motivic integration,model theory,mellin transform,non-archimedean geometry,p-adic exponential sums,poisson summation,parameter oscillatory integrals
Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics with Single Electronic and Nuclear Spins (CIRQUSS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed Matter Physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999995.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999995.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Electronic spins are usually detected by their interaction with electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies. Since this interaction is very weak, only large ensembles of spins can be detected. In circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) on the other hand, artificial superconducting atoms are made to interact strongly with microwave fields at the single photon level, and quantum-limited detection of few-photon microwave signals has been developed. The goal of this project is to apply the concepts and techniques of cQED to the detection and manipulation of electronic and nuclear spins, in order to reach a novel regime in which a single electronic spin strongly interacts with single microwave photons. This will lead to 1) A considerable enhancement of the sensitivity of spin detection by microwave methods. We plan to detect resonantly single electronic spins in a few milliseconds. This could enable A) to perform electron spin resonance spectroscopy on few-molecule samples B) to measure the magnetization of various nano-objects at millikelvin temperatures, using the spin as a magnetic sensor with nanoscale resolution. 2) Applications in quantum information science. Strong interaction with microwave fields at the quantum level will enable the generation of entangled states of distant individual electronic and nuclear spins, using superconducting qubits, resonators and microwave photons, as “quantum data buses” mediating the entanglement. Since spins can have coherence times in the seconds range, this could pave the way towards a scalable implementation of quantum information processing protocols. These ideas will be primarily implemented with NV centers in diamond, which are electronic spins with properties suitable for the project.

Keywords: circuit quantum electrodynamics nv centers in diamond hybrid quantum circuits superconducting qubits electron spin resonance spectroscopy spin qubits nv center-based magnetometry
Behaviour near criticality (CRITICAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1527424.93
EU funding (EUR): 1526234.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

One of the main challenges of modern mathematical physics is to understand the behaviour of systems at or near criticality. In a number of cases, one can argue heuristically that this behaviour should be described by a nonlinear stochastic partial differential equation. Some examples of systems of interest are models of phase coexistence near the critical temperature, one-dimensional interface growth models, and models of absorption of a diffusing particle by random impurities. Unfortunately, the equations arising in all of these contexts are mathematically ill-posed. This is to the extent that they defeat not only "standard" stochastic PDE techniques (as developed by Da Prato / Zabczyk / Röckner / Walsh / Krylov / etc), but also more recent approaches based on Wick renormalisation of nonlinearities (Da Prato / Debussche / etc). Over the past year or so, I have been developing a theory of regularity structures that allows to give a rigorous mathematical interpretation to such equations, which therefore allows to build the mathematical objects conjectured to describe the abovementioned systems near criticality. The aim of the proposal is to study the convergence of a variety of concrete microscopic models to these limiting objects. The main fundamental mathematical tools to be developed in this endeavour are a discrete analogue to the theory of regularity structures, as well as a number of nonlinear invariance principles. If successful, the project will yield unique insight in the large-scale behaviour of a number of physically relevant systems in regimes where both nonlinear effects and random fluctuations compete with equal strength.
Protein Translocation Through Bacterial Syringes (BACTERIAL SYRINGES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999992.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999992.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of this application is to study the molecular basis of cellular infection by bacterial ABC-type toxins (Tc). Tc complexes are important virulence factors of a range of bacteria, including Photorhabdus luminescens and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis that infect insects and humans. Belonging to the class of pore-forming toxins, tripartite Tc complexes perforate the host membrane by forming channels that translocate toxic enzymes into the host. In our previous cryo-EM work on the P. luminescens Tc complex we discovered that Tcs use a special syringe-like device for cell entry. Building on these results, we now intend to unravel the molecular mechanism through which this unusual and complicated injection system allows membrane permeation and protein translocation. We will use a hybrid approach, including biochemical reconstitution, structural analysis by cryo-EM and X-ray crystallography, fluorescence-based assays and site-directed mutagenesis to provide a comprehensive description of the molecular mechanism of infection at an unprecedented level of molecular detail. Our results will be paradigmatic for understanding the mechanism of action of ABC-type toxins and will shed new light on the interactions of bacterial pathogens with their hosts.

Keywords: abc-type toxin,cryo-em,x-ray crystallography,protein translocation