Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Hospitality vs Hatred of the Other: A Study of Welcoming versus Prejudiced Representations of Otherness in Britain and Poland (HOSPITABLE EUROPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 270145.8
EU funding (EUR): 270145.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this project is to complete my research into prejudiced representations of the Other (hostility) vs cultural initiatives to create welcoming representations (hospitality) in Britain and Poland. There are significant differences in the approaches to the Other between and within the two countries of the European Union. My study will examine the representations of Jews, Roma, Muslims and other national, ethnic and religious minorities, the LGBT community, refugees and other immigrants, people with disabilities, the economically excluded as alienated in the UK and Poland. Because of the abortion ban, women are among the most vulnerable in Poland and are, therefore, the Beauvoirean Other in this country. A variety of prejudices converge on the ‘Others’ who are devoid of subjectivity and visibility. Therefore, it is important to examine the problematics of alterity and visibility alike, in order to empower the excluded. My research project aims to examine the phobias directed at supposed strangers and attempts to fight this intolerance as an opposition is strengthening against the prejudiced perceptions. This project examines linkages among sexism, anti-Semitism and other phobias – and, above all, opposition to them. It focuses on the picture of the Other when Europe is witnessing the rise of an uncivil society with its sexist, racist, anti-Semitic, homo- and xenophobic as well as Islamophobic ideology and iconography. This project explores the ideas and images of the Other produced by the far right, as well as initiatives that oppose them in a civil society: political philosophy and visual culture. An impact of this action is to maximise my contribution to society through a diagnosis of the cultural representations to the Other and recommendations to adopt an ethics of hospitality (according to Jacques Derrida ethics, culture and hospitality are synonymous). This advanced training will also enhance my competence diversification.

Keywords: the other,hospitality as ethics,minorities,cultural representation,visibility,social change against prejudice,against anti-semitism,islamophobia,misogyny,racism,homophobia
Ultrafast phenomena in nanoparticle excitations (UPNEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 20.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192956.0
EU funding (EUR): 192956.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research aims at the investigation of ultrafast nanoparticle excitations, especially in the sub-10-fs domain. To this end, state-of-the-art controlled optical waveforms will be used with pulse durations comparable to the oscillation cycle of light. These sources have been enabling breakthrough achievements in ultrafast science in recent years and the extension of their use in nanoplasmonics also promises novel results. I plan to investigate ultrafast, coupled propagating and localized plasmonic modes via spatially and spectrally resolved photoelectron emission from the nanostructured metal sample as well as scaling effects with femtosecond sources having different wavelengths (800 nm and 1800 nm). Ultrafast photoemission from closely spaced, coupled nanoparticle pairs will also be investigated. With these setups, both quantum and classical effects can be investigated on the photoemitted electrons. These experiments will be enabled by state-of-the-art femtosecond sources, high-resolution electron spectrometers and nanofabrication methods available at the host institute. These will be ideally complemented with my know-how of the applicant in femtosecond technology and ultrafast photoemission experiments. The extension of this know-how towards nanoscience is an expected benefit as a result of the research stay.

Keywords: femtosecond phenomena,ultrafast optics,plasmonics,nanoparticles
PROLIFERA - Proliferative Arrest and its Ecological Relevance as a Resource Allocation Strategy in Arabidopsis. (PROLIFERA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-04-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The study of heritable variation in ecologically relevant plant traits can lead to insights into evolutionary processes and to increased agricultural output. Resource allocation strategies in flowering plants are of great interest, from an ecological and agricultural point of view. As plants have a modular body plan, they often initiate reproductive organs sequentially and the maternal plant has to balance current and future expenditures on offspring to produce an optimal number of seeds. Control mechanisms exerted by reproductive structures over maternal growth have been observed in several plant species -amongst them important crops- and are termed “correlative controls”. Such mechanisms might represent offspring begging strategies in plants, whereby offspring influences maternal resource allocation patterns. The molecular bases and ecological relevance of these control mechanisms are, however, unclear. The applicant aims to i) use state-of-the art molecular techniques to investigate correlative controls in an annual plant ii) isolate genetic variation in the strength of controls that offspring exerts over maternal growth ii) apply recently developed methods in ecological competition experiments to compare fitness parameters amongst offspring from genetic variants and examine genotype-environment interactions. This will provide an ecological context to formulate an evolutionary hypothesis concerning the adaptive value of correlative controls in plants. The interdisciplinary project will be implemented at the University of Zurich under supervision of Prof. Schmid, a world-renowned ecologist located at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences. It will be co-supervised by Prof. Grossniklaus (Institute of Plant Biology), expert in plant reproductive biology and genetics. The project will be a major step in the research career of the applicant Samuel Wuest, towards professional maturity and expertise at the intersection between disciplines.

Keywords: plant ecology and evolution,plant developmental genetics,plant genomics,evo-devo,plant reproduction
Larval connectivity for effective MPAs networks: a multidisciplinary approach (MAPACO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168896.4
EU funding (EUR): 168896.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

International engagements call for the designation of representative networks of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) by 2020. Up to now, numerous studies have proved the performance of MPAs for both protecting local biodiversity and supporting fisheries by adults spillover. However, these studies have also pointed out that many important factors are still overlooked. Indeed, MPAs effectiveness is also conditioned by their role as dispersal origin of larvae to replenish nearby depleted fished areas. Thus, understanding the connectivity patterns among them and with unprotected sites is essential to build effective MPAs networks. To do so, the present project will propose an original and complete survey based on combining complementary methodological approaches (ecology, dispersal dynamic model and genetic connectivity), with two critical questions in mind: which Mediterranean areas received the fish larvae issued from a MPA? Where do the fish observed in a MPA come from? We will consider the Cabo de Palos – Islas Hormigas Marine Reserve (CPMR, Spain, SW Mediterranean). This area presents a very dynamic hydrography; the winds and currents directions are therefore likely to strongly influence the larval dispersal pattern around the MPA. We will develop a dynamic model using currents and temperature data to simulate the dispersal of fish larvae during their pelagic stage. Then, the model results will help us to target sites at regional scale (tens of km’s) where larvae issued from CPMR could settle, and areas within this geographical range likely to act as sources of larvae replenishing CPMR. Both adults and larvaes will be collected through field work (diving and fisheries data) in all these areas, and genetic analyses will be performed to identify the parent-offsprings pairs. The results will allow us to better understand the relationships between distinct coastal areas through their fish exchanges and to underline the MPA role as sources of fishes for the marine fisheries.

Keywords: applied ecology,coastal zone management,marine environment impact,ecosystem management,sustainable exploitation
Honor as a cultural mindset: Effects on cognition, emotions, and behavior in children and adults (HONOR AS MINDSET)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-01-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 274889.1
EU funding (EUR): 274889.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Culture influences how people think, feel, and perceive the world around them. Two cultural axes, individualism and collectivism, have been well researched, primarily by contrasting East Asians and Westerners. Building on my previous research, I propose to examine a third and mostly neglected cultural axis, honor. Evidence of chronic accessibility of honor is most easily seen in Middle Eastern, North African and Latin cultures. Rather than focus on between-group comparisons, I propose to use the Culture as Situated Cognition (CSC) Model to study when and how honor matters. The CSC Model has previously been used successfully to demonstrate that features of the environment can subtly cue both individualistic and collectivistic cultural mindsets, with downstream consequences for affect, behavior, and cognition. I will articulate honor as a cultural mindset and examine its downstream consequences for affect, behavior, and cognition. I will do so using both lab experiments with college students and in field experiments with school children. In each case, I will use both between-group comparison (Arab American, European American) and priming techniques. By triangulating across methods, I will be able to both test prior assumptions about what honor is and how it is similar to and different from individualism and collectivism, and to move beyond documenting differences by developing methods to prime honor. I will ask how honor can be cued in the lab, just as it is cued in everyday life. Dependent variables will focus on the three critical domains of childhood: academics, social, and emotional functioning. My project is highly relevant to the Work Programme in three ways, it is: i) multidisciplinary, ii) provides me with excellent training which will significantly advance my future career, and iii) highly beneficial for Europe in terms of international collaborations, competitiveness, and insight into processes underlying functioning of Arab immigrants in Western societies

Keywords: social sciences,culture,honor,individualism,collectivism,situated cognition,priming,arab american
Digital Media for Heritage: Refocusing Design from the Technology to the Visitor Experience (DIME4HERITAGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 271943.7
EU funding (EUR): 271943.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The 21st century museum mission has been re-interpreted. Heritage institutions are called to improve and find new ways to present content in order to convey knowledge and engage visitors. Arguably, digital media have an increasingly prominent role in the communication and interpretation of heritage while digital technology continuously improves. But can technical innovation alone yield new communication and interpretation approaches that enrich the visitor experience? Now is the time to question and rethink digital media design practices for better experiences of visitors. Design Culture is the key-discipline to deal with this challenge, as design is opening up pathways to the disciplines needed to connect and integrate knowledge from many specialisations: the design of effective and innovative digital media-based communication for cultural heritage requires working across the borders of museology, visitor studies, and design. Digital media design requires careful attention to the orchestration of a number of disciplines to result in an apposite visitor experience: the interdisciplinary research we propose aims to drive innovation by generating: (a) a framework for this orchestration and (b) methodologies for the design of effective digital media for heritage. The combination of the two parts will set the basis for a museum digital media design theory. Our methodology is tuned to theory building and combines analytical conceptual research with empirical case studies in order to test the conceptual framework and the methodology. Results include (a) a conceptual framework through which factors involved in design can be articulated in a way that provides a common design-oriented frame of reference; (b) innovative design methodology that encompasses design principles, guidelines, and methods; (c) museum design problem case studies as exemplars addressing contemporary museological issues; and (d) knowledge transfer workshops for museum design practitioners.

Keywords: social sciences,technological sciences
Osteoarchaeology of the Dutch Middenbeemster Post-Medieval Cemetery: Lifeways of a Colonizing Farming Community during the Little Ice Age (MB OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191675.4
EU funding (EUR): 191675.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Dutch town of Middenbeemster was established in the early 17th century upon land reclaimed after a series of lakes were drained. In 1623 the colonizing farming community built a church and graveyard that was used until 1868. Excavation has revealed over 400 burials of all age groups. Osteoarchaeology, the scientific study of human skeletal remains uncovered in an archaeological context, contributes a vast amount to our understandings of past peoples. A full complement of osteoarchaeological methods can answer questions about the mobility, demography, diet, activity, and health of this colonizing community – thus, reconstructing their lifeways. The osteoarchaeological analysis of Middenbeemster inhabitants will be central to examining the effects of the Little Ice Age in the Netherlands, a cold period between 1550AD to 1850AD. In Europe, the Little Ice Age caused shortened and less reliable growing seasons and increased flooding, which resulted in many years of dearth and famine. Episodes of starvation and illness are detectable via the macroscopic analysis of human skeletal remains, as are estimates of sex, age, stature, and activity-patterns, all of which will permit a refined picture of factors related to morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, chemical analyses of small tissue samples to determine diet and mobility will permit consideration of where settlers were coming from, and dietary variation related to crop selection and yield. The interpretation of results will be aided by archival materials about immigration, paleoenvironmental reconstructions, epidemiological patterns, and archaeological data about the socioeconomic status of Middenbeemster farmers. It will be particularly interesting to examine if and how these patterns changed in the over 250 years of cemetery usage. The osteoarchaeological analysis of Middenbeemster presents an extraordinary opportunity to produce a diachronic reconstruction of a rural farming community during the Little Ice Age.

Keywords: anthropology,physical anthropology,osteology,archaeology,mortuary studies,medieval period,netherlands,farming,diet,health,mobility,migration,activity patterns,children,isotopes.
The phenomenology of Inflation (INFLATION-PHENO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Inflationary cosmology as a theory of the very early universe remains a paradigm in search of a theory in which it is realized in a fully consistent manner. Observationally, we are currently confronted with a wealth of data that seems to confirm the simplest realizations of this paradigm. Theoretically, we are still searching for a convincing realization of inflation that consistently embeds itself into a parent theory that contains the Standard Model as a sub-sector. Requiring the inflationary potential be tuned so that a sufficient amount of quasi-exponential expansion results is a delicate proposition at the loop level in any effective field theory (EFT) that contains the inflaton. To require that these parameters be consistent with efficient reheating to standard model particles is an even more delicate proposition. To consistently realize all possible constraints at the loop level in a model that embeds itself in a purported model of UV complete physics (such as string theory or some low energy supergravity theory) remains the challenge of the day for inflationary model building. In spite of the vast number of models that seem to be degenerate regarding their predictions (with certain assumptions) of the observed properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum, the next generation of CMB observations offers us the possibility of discriminating among these models through their predictions for the higher order moments of the CMB. Furthermore, relaxing some of the simplifying assumptions alluded to above (such as consistently treating heavy fields that couple to the inflaton in an EFT setup rather than truncating them outright) can yield features in the power spectrum that may be detected in upcoming observations. This goal of Inflation-pheno is to initiate a systematic study of the imprints on CMB observables of concrete models of inflation and to scrutinize them against observations from upcoming CMB and 21 cm observations.

Keywords: physical sciences,cosmology,inflation,phenomenology,cmb physics
Janus Nanoparticles as Novel Ferroelectric Materials (JANUS FERROELECTRICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this proposal is the generation of new ferroelectric materials based on bifunctional monolayer-protected metal nanoparticles (MPMNs) and supracrystals based on these anisotropic MPMNs. These Janus nanoparticles, named such for their characteristic pair of hemispherical faces, are expected to exhibit novel ferroelectric properties due to their inherent non-centrosymmetry and resulting permanent dipole. In addition, these MPMNs are expected to exhibit superparaelectric properties. This research will create the first such materials using several combinations of ligands in the protecting monolayer, such as alkanethiols and fluorinated alkanethiols. The work will begin with a systematic study, allowing optimization of synthetic parameters for forming Janus MPMNs. The ferroelectric properties of these Janus nanoparticles will be unlike any observed for MPMNs previously, due to their ubiquitous centrosymmetry and corresponding lack of a permanent dipole. Furthermore, the properties observed will be novel with respect to existing ferroelectrics due to its composition of nonferroelectric metals and organic ligands. Components with inherent ferroelectric properties, such as BaTiO3 and vinylidene fluoride, will then be integrated into the anisotropic materials. The integration of natively ferroelectric components into a system with emergent ferroelectric properties is expected to produce entirely novel multiferroic materials. The assembly of Janus MPMNs into supracrystals will also be explored in detail. The assembled supracrystals are expected to exhibit non-centrosymmetry, yielding a second class of novel ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials Ferroelectric materials can also be integrated into these supracrystals, yielding products with more complex and tunable properties.

Keywords: nanoparticles,self-assembly,monolayer,ferroelectricity,ferroics,janus,anisotropy,nanotechnology,supracrystal,nanomaterials,chemistry,microscopy,mass spectrometry