Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Linking micro- and macroevolution: macroevolutionary quantitative genetics of Drosophila wing morhology (FLYWING)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Norway
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2019-04-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 208400.4
EU funding (EUR): 208400.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The striking mismatch between evolution at short (microevolution) and long (macroevolution) time scales is a major remaining problem in evolutionary biology (the paradox of stasis). FLYWING will apply novel quantitative genetic theories and statistical methods to analyses of exceptionally high quality data to make a major step forward to solve the paradox of stasis. Working with Prof. Thomas Hansen at University of Oslo (UoO), I will test the idea that trait variance covariance structure (G-matrix) provides the conceptual bridge to link micro- and macroevolution (the multivariate genetic constraints hypothesis). The goals of FLYWING will be achieved through a novel multidisciplinary approach that combines quantitative genetic theory and state-of-the-art phylogenetic comparative methods (macroevolutionary quantitative genetics). I will apply this framework to analyze wing morphology data of the fly family Drosophilidae, collected by Prof. David Houle at Florida State University and available at UoO. The fly wing data consists of 37,668 exceptionally accurate individual observations across 111 Drosophila fly species. The data of such high quality has no close counterpart in any labs elsewhere in the world. The phenomenal dataset and my novel macroevolutionary quantitative genetic approach will make FLYWING the most rigorous test of the multivariate genetic constraints hypothesis to date. FLYWING will give me the opportunity to receive top quality research training from two world leading authorities of quantitative geneticists (Prof. Hansen and Prof. Houle) to establish myself as an independent researcher at the forefront of evolutionary biology. Results from FLYWING will produce cutting-edge insights for issues at the interface between micro- and macroevolution. The conceptual and methodological advancements of FLYWING will pave the roads for novel ways to use G-matrices in ecology and conservation biology.

Keywords: macroevolution,phylogeneetic comparative method,evolutionary quantitative genetics,quantitative genetics,evolvability,constraints,adaptation,g matrix,p matrix
DataStories: Making Use of Interpretive Judgments of Data Creators (DataStories)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2021-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The creative, situated, and interpretive nature of data collection is well established by scholars across disciplines. Archaeologists recording the color of soil interpret its hue differently. Library catalogers disagree on the title of a book. Collectors of plant specimens provide different kinds of information about the specimen's location: some provide coordinates, others describe landmarks, some record details of the terrain. Interpretive flexibility in data creation occurs despite the use of standardized structures and protocols to enforce consistent data. It even occurs when data is collected by computers. For example, smartphones, fitness trackers, and other devices record the number of steps users take when carrying the device. But although the recording of steps is automatic, people use these devices in flexible, creative ways: they carry them during certain activities but not others, use different devices for different activities, and so on. In the DataStories project, I argue that interpretive judgments of data creators are valuable forms of information, and we should study them and learn from them, not ignore or eliminate them. DataStories seeks to answer the following question: What can we learn from understanding the range of interpretive judgments that appear in a dataset? DataStories has three objectives: 1. To empirically investigate the alternate stories within datasets that arise from data creators’ interpretive judgments. 2. To demonstrate how the variation that arises from data creators’ interpretive judgments is valuable information. 3. To develop a methodological framework for telling these data stories.

Keywords: metadata,information organization,information studies,infrastructure studies,digital humanities,data studies
Interdisciplinary approach to characterize the structure and the ion transport mechanism of NKCC1, a key target for brain disorders. (3D NKCC1)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Italy,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-07-01
End date: 2021-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168369.6
EU funding (EUR): 168369.6
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Neurodevelopmental disorders affect millions of children in Europe and worldwide. A large body of literature indicates that inhibitory GABAergic transmission thorough Cl-permeable GABAA receptors is defective in many of these disorders. However, effective pharmaceutical treatments are still needed. There is increasing scientific evidence that varying the intracellular Cl concentration is one of the more physiological and effective ways to modulate GABAAergic transmission. This concentration is mainly established by the Cl importer NKCC1 and the Cl exporter KCC2. Importantly, the NKCC1/KCC2 ratio is defective in several brain disorders. Moreover, NKCC1 inhibition by the FDA-approved diuretic bumetanide rescues many symptoms in animal models. These findings have already led to clinical studies of bumetanide to treat a broad range of brain disorders. However, this requires chronic treatment, which poses serious issues for drug compliance, given the diuretic effect of bumetanide caused by the inhibition of the kidney-specific Cl transporter NKCC2. Crucially, these issues could be solved by selective NKCC1 inhibitors, which would have no diuretic effect. Yet there is still very little knowledge of the structure-function relationship of NKCC1 in terms of ion transportation and how bumetanide acts on NKCC1. The main goal of this fellowship is to resolve NKCC1’s structure using X-Ray crystallography and/or cryo-electron microscopy. This effort will be coupled to the functional characterization of NKCC1 using in vitro and in silico approaches. The fellow will thus integrate her research skills with key expertise in the structural and molecular biology of ion transporters, allowing her to grow into an independent group leader. Ultimately, this project will provide unprecedented insights into the structure-function relationships of NKCC1 in terms of ion transportation. This will critically accelerate the discovery of new and urgently needed drugs for brain disorders.

Keywords: ion membrane transporter,nkcc1 structural biology,nkcc1 physiology,novel drugs,neurodevelopmental disorders
Composite from a REsin PErspective (CREPE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-05-01
End date: 2020-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Lightweight carbon-fibre composites are now widely-used in the aerospace industry and contribute to a reduction of fuel consumption and carbon-footprints in air transportation. A similar penetration of carbon fibre composites in the automotive industry could lead to a reduction of 60 Mton of CO2 emissions per year. More recently, the emergence of functional nano composites is enabling polymers to replace metallic materials in areas where functionality such as high thermal or electrical conductivity is required. Much research to date to improve the structural and functional behaviour of composites has focussed on the fibres or nanoparticle while understanding the role of the matrix, which is necessary for any composite has been largely neglected. This Fellowship will adopt a resin-centred approach to understanding the processing, fabrication, and performance of polymer based composites. This Fellowship will demonstrate that by careful selection of appropriate matrix ‘ingredients’, significant performance improvements can be obtained. Furthermore, this Fellowship will link the molecular structure of a composite matrix directly to the observed in-service performance, paving the way for the bespoke design of resin for any conceivable application.
CONfigurable CollaborativE Robot Technologies (CONCERT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Austria,Italy,Italy,Poland
Call: Research and Innovation boosting promising robotics applications (H2020-ICT-2020-2, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2998432.5
EU funding (EUR): 2998432.5
Participants: 6
Project status: SIGNED

CONCERT has a clear focus on developing robotics technologies aiming at a novel concept of configurable robot platforms, which can be explored in application domains with unstructured, variable and evolving workspace settings and tasks. It targets to make a step transition from the current general-purpose lower power collaborative robots to a new generation of collaborative platforms that can safely collaborate in tasks with demanding human-scale forces while ensuring safety on the fly, implement efficient collaboration principles and demonstrate quick adaptability to address less standardized and more unstructured environment and task settings. It proposes the development of a new paradigm of high power/strength, adaptable, collaborative robots, which leverages on modular and configurable robot hardware with adaptive physical capabilities. automatic deployment of control and online safety verification methods. Multi-modal and multi-state perception and supervision tools provides enhanced human, robot and task execution awareness enabling the implementation of adaptive shared autonomy and role allocation planning in human robot collaboration. The development of the CONCERT technologies is steered by use-case scenarios from the construction industry, a sector with significantly high socio-economic impact, offering at the same time an extremely challenging, yet highly motivating and pertinent domain for demonstrating and validating the quick deployment and interoperability features of the CONCERT configurable collaborative robotic solutions. The project technologies will be therefore validated in relevant construction task activities exhibiting high payloads and diverse workspace size and settings, thus requiring different robot arrangements to perform them. The assessment methodology considers several indicators covering the technical, functional, occupational, labor effort, and societal aspects and impacts of the CONCERT technologies.

Keywords: high power configurable collaborative robots,flexible control,interfaces,multi modal multi scale sensing,verified safe physical interaction,task aware adaptable shared autonomy
Processing and Production in Heritage Speakers: The Role of Disambiguating Cues (ProHeritageSpeakers)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174806.4
EU funding (EUR): 174806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Heritage speakers (HSs) are heterogeneous in terms of the outcomes of heritage (minority) language (HL) acquisition and they typically diverge from age-matched monolinguals when tested in comprehension and production, although HSs receive HL exposure from birth. At present, comparatively little is known about how HSs process the HL in real-time and if this is computationally more costly than for first language (L1) monolinguals. The ProHeritageSpeakers project focuses on Romanian HSs with L2 German and investigates, for the first time, whether HSs use morphosyntactic cues when comprehending HL input in real-time and how the presence of similar grammatical information in the dominant L2 modulates access to such cues in the HL. This will be done in two studies, one with children, one with adults, assessing online/offline comprehension and production of "which"-questions in Romanian. On a theoretical level, this work will significantly contribute to the field of Heritage Language Bilingualism by showing whether HL processing time-course mirrors L1 time-course and to what extent L2 properties shape HL processing, thus leading to differences in acquisitional trajectories between HSs and L1 speakers. On a societal and educational level, the findings will be of interest to teachers, speech pathologists and immigrant parents. Gaining a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying language processing in HL learners, and how these compare to the HSs’ ability to produce HLs, may help elucidate ways in which HLs can be more effectively taught and maintained, which is of great importance for both the well-being of immigrants and for language preservation at the level of the community. If we can precisely delineate the type of information both child/adult HSs rely on during L1 comprehension, then we can collaborate with educators to practice and consolidate the HL, which, in turn, can have beneficial effects on the acquisition and consolidation of the language of schooling.

Keywords: bilingualism,heritage speakers,real time processing,production
Controlling micro- and nano-channel transport with selective solvation (COMNACTSS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-12-11
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177598.8
EU funding (EUR): 177598.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The motivation for the COMNACTSS project comes from recent evidence that the selective solvation of ions in liquid mixtures has a dramatic influence on the interaction between colloids. Selective solvation introduces a new energy scale that is comparable with or often exceeds the thermal energy and this energy can be utilized for the dispersion of uncharged nano-particles, offering a polymer-and-surfactant-free pathway to nano-particle stabilization. The combination of a large energy-scale and chemical specificity offers a new handle for inducing liquid structuring and controlling flow at interfaces in confined and heterogeneous environments. I therefore propose to study theoretically, and by using molecular simulations, selective solvation in micro- and nano-fluidics. The research objectives are (i) gaining fundamental understanding of the dynamics of salt-containing mixtures in micro- and nano-fluidic channels and using it to investigate the transport of macromolecules through such channels. The use of salty mixtures will enable to greatly increase the transport of ions and macromolecules through pores, and the ability to control this transport, a key issue in science and technology. (ii) To uncover novel liquid-liquid interface destabilization mechanisms. The COMNACTSS project will advance the field of nanofluidics by introducing a new research paradigm which will enable new fundamental insights into the molecular organization and dynamics of complex fluids, with excellent potential to produce applications.

Keywords: nanofluidics,microfluidics,electrokinetics,ion specific effects,liquid mixtures,selective solvation,nanopores
Consequences of out-group conflict (Outgroup)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-07-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1971866.0
EU funding (EUR): 1971866.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The aim of this project is to determine the proximate and ultimate consequences of a fundamental but neglected aspect of sociality: out-group conflict. In a wide range of social species, from ants to humans, group members invest considerable defensive effort against individual intruders and rival groups. The lasting impacts of these conflicts with conspecifics are poorly understood. I will integrate empirical and theoretical approaches to uncover the effect of out-group conflict on: (i) individual behaviour, within-group interactions and group decision-making; (ii) steroid hormones that underlie stress, social behaviour and reproduction; (iii) variation in reproductive success arising from maternal investment and offspring care; and (iv) the evolution of societal structure, cooperation and punishment among group-mates, and weaponry and fortification. I will achieve these ambitious objectives using proven experimental paradigms, innovative non-invasive sampling, long-term monitoring, and state-of-the-art analytical methods to collect data from two highly tractable model systems that I have established over the last 4 years: a captive-breeding population of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher and a habituated wild population of dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula). I will use some of the same data to inform the assumptions of mathematical models and evolutionary simulations in the development of a rigorous, predictive framework on out-group conflict, which I will test using both my model systems and phylogenetically controlled meta-analyses across species. The management and consequences of conflict are of major importance to science, human society and global politics. My novel and inter-disciplinary proposal will not only significantly advance our understanding of the evolution of sociality, but will invigorate a variety of existing research programmes across biology, anthropology, economics, psychology, and the social and political sciences.

Keywords: conflict,behaviour,hormones,reproductive success,evolution
Export Restriction Free Travelling wave tubes Materials (ERFTM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Germany,France,France,France
Call: Technologies for European non-dependence and competitiveness (H2020-COMPET-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3096320.0
EU funding (EUR): 3096320.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The ERFTM project aims to develop new European manufacturing processes for preparing material components of power amplifiers based on Travelling Wave Tubes for space and ground applications using raw materials not governed by Export Restriction comprising an helix made with flat ribbon maintained by ceramic support rods. The studies will advance work from TRL3 to TRL6, in compliance with the non-dependence action “U7-Power Amplification Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) materials” as described in the revised Joint Task Force (European Commission-ESA-EDA) draft document of the Critical Space Technologies for European Strategic Non-Dependence Actions for 2015/2017. The main applications of these power amplifiers are space satellites and ground applications such as telecommunications. The ERFTM project will specify, develop, test and qualify the export restriction free helix wire materials on the one hand and the export restriction free dielectric materials for helix support rods on the other hand. Both will be subjected to a complete qualification process for space tubes and terrestrial communication tubes, as well as a commercial evaluation of the technologies involved. The ERFTM consortium includes 2 European large enterprises from the Thales Group, worldwide leaders in space TWT development and production, 1 industrial company and 2 SMEs. The latter 3 companies are innovative technology providers not yet involved in the space domain. In addition, 1 research laboratory with metallurgy and characterization expertise is a full partner. These partners are present in 3 European member-states, and join their expertise to successfully tackle the formidable challenges of the ERFTM project. Given its focus on developing materials to avoid export restrictions imposed by certain non-European countries, the ERFTM project is requested to be treated as EU CONFIDENTIAL.

Keywords: travelling wave tubes,export restriction free,helix ribbon wire,helix support rods,refractory metals,dielectric materials,chemical vapor deposition,delay line,rolling process,machining process