Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Resurrection of Developmental Pathways in the Evolution of the Petal (PETALEVODEVO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our project concerns the evolution of petal conical cells in a group of flowering plants, the Caryophyllales. The fellow has determined that following a loss of petals in the Caryophyllales, petals have subsequently re-evolved 9 times. Conical cells, which perform a vital role in interacting with pollinators, often occur on these re-evolved petals. The host has demonstrated that MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes specify conical cells in distant lineages of flowering plants. We hypothesise that recurrent evolution of these conical cells in separate occurrences of re-evolved petals is due to repeated recruitment of the MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes. We will test this hypothesis by isolating R2R3 MYB genes from 3 species representing distinct evolutions of the petal in the Caryophyllales. We will conduct phylogenetic analyses to determine if the same or distinct lineages of R2R3 MYB genes have been recruited to specify conical cells. We will assess if the genes are expressed in the conical cells. We will perform a transformation assay into tobacco to determine if the MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes are functioning as in other flowering plants. We will analyse the function of the genes in vivo, through RNAi and overexpresssion. The host’s collaborators demonstrated that MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes are directly activated by the transcription factors APETALA3 and PITILLATA, to induce conical cells. However, the fellow has shown that APETALA3 and PISTILLATA are often absent from these re-evolved petals. We ask how MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes are turned on if APETALA3 and PISTILLATA are absent. We will answer this by analyzing the promoters of the R2R3 MYB genes to identify novel regulatory elements. The fellow’s expertise on Caryophyllales petal evolution, combined with the host’s expertise on MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB genes enables an interdisciplinary approach. It is an important study for the emerging field of evolutionary developmental biology, and will enhance scientific research in the EU.

Keywords: systematic botany,evolutionary developmental biology,plant genetics,phylogeny,genetic engineering,molecular evolution,transcription factors,petal evolution
Using Hardware Performance Counters for Functional Correctness Debugging (FAULTLOCALIZATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Program debugging is a process of identifying and fixing bugs. Identifying the root causes is the hardest, thus the most expensive, component of debugging. According to a U.S. federal study, software defects costs U.S. economy an estimated $59.5 billion each year and improvements (including testing and debugging) could reduce this cost by a third, or $22.5 billion. Therefore, automated approaches that help developers quickly pinpoint the root causes of failures are of great importance. Many approaches have been proposed to facilitate fault localization. The limitations of these approaches are well-known and sometimes severe. To circumvent these shortcomings, we propose to leverage hardware performance counters to locate functional defects. The objective of this project is to empirically evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of using hardware performance counters-based program profiling data in locating functional defects. Hardware performance counters have been traditionally leveraged to perform low-level performance analysis and tuning of software systems. In this project, we will leverage hardware performance counters in a novel way, exploiting them for functional correctness debugging by identifying pieces of program code that perform some “suspicious” activities.

Keywords: software technology,mining,technological sciences
Unraveling the functional architecture of the human thermoregulatory system through immunological, circadian and sensory mechanisms: focus on the mature European population (THERMOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Thermoregulatory abnormalities are major public health issues during exposure to heat stress, particularly for the elderly. Thousands of deaths among the mature have been attributed to heat waves that encompassed Europe recently, while an increase in heat-related deaths is projected due to global warming. Exertional heat illness and death among highly motivated athletes and soldiers also occur frequently, particularly since the deployments of European soldiers to Afghanistan and Iraq. The current proposal addresses mechanisms that may explain the sequence of events leading to heat stroke and death. The project’s main objective is to identify whether the regulated index of human thermoregulation is temperature- of heat-based by applying thermal stimuli in different bodily systems while making precise time-based measurements of temperature and heat storage. Apropos, the letters ‘ICS’ in the proposal’s acronym ‘THERMOMICS’ indicate the immunological, circadian and sensory systems that will be investigated, while ‘M’ refers to the mature population that the novel knowledge will be applied to. The potential benefit from this research is vast because it will help us understand the pathophysiological mechanisms related to thermal stress and relate the progressive changes in the thermal strain to inflammatory responses, and effects on the circadian rhythm and the sensory system. The fellow researcher has a true thirst for scientific research and is a highly accomplished individual at his stage of career development with the personal and intellectual qualities to thrive in any research environment. He has already received an Assistant Researcher offer by the host institution, a state of the art facility encapsulating pioneer researchers of high caliber. The thriving collaboration between the researcher and the host hitherto will guarantee a successful implementation of the fellowship.

Keywords: heat,cold,cytokines,heat storage,temperature,perception,diurnal
Brain dynamics of conscious perception : does conscious perception arise in a gradual or discontinuous fashion ? Combined MEG and fMRI studies. (DYNACO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-12-01
End date: 2011-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 30000.0
EU funding (EUR): 30000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Does our conscious perception of an external object arise gradually or in a discontinuous fashion? Answering this question is crucial to understand the neural mechanisms of conscious perception and its relationship with unconscious perception. This has important implications on therapeutic practice towards patients with altered consciousness. However, experimental evidence so far has been rare and contradictory. My project uses a novel approach: comparing directly the two types of dynamics, gradual or discontinuous, within the same experiment. In this experiment the quantity of perceptual information available from an image is titrated by the duration of presentation, while the possibility to become conscious of this perceptual information is affected by attentional competition with another image presented a few hundred milliseconds before (“attentional blink”). In behavioural tests I have already shown that, in this new paradigm, our subjective perception follows a combination of gradual and discontinuous dynamics. Using functional imaging I will test this original prediction: an increase in the quantity of perceptual information should be associated with a gradual increase in cerebral activity, while conscious access itself should be associated with a discontinuous jump. I will combine the advantages of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional MRI in order to characterize when and where in the brain these dynamic events occur to give rise to conscious perception. This project will take place in a world-class Imaging Centre in Paris (MEG, EEG, fMRI), with international experts in MEG studies of consciousness and attention. I will bring a particular fMRI expertise acquired during my Marie Curie fellowship in London in one of the most renowned Imaging Centres (FIL). This reintegration fellowship should lead to a permanent position within this structure, through the French Research Organisation CNRS, while keeping collaborative projects with the FIL in London.

Keywords: cognitive science,neurosciences,experimental psychology,neuroimaging,magnetoencephalography (meg),functional mri,perception,vision,consciousness,dynamics of neural processing,combined methodologies
Flow Control: Reduced Order Modelling, Nonlinear Analysis and Control Design (FLOCON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fluid flow, i.e. the motion of liquids or gases, is a phenomenon that one encounters continuously in everyday life. The flow of air around the body of a car or the wing of an aircraft, the motion of petroleum through pipelines, flow of water in oceans and the motion of the clouds are only a few examples of fluid flows. Flow control refers to the ability to manipulate fluid flow to achieve a desired change in its behaviour. Flow control is very important from a technological point of view and offers many potential benefits, such as reducing fuel costs for land, air and sea vehicles, and improving effectiveness of industrial processes. Although this potential impact had been understood for a long time, the interest and funding on the topic had been modest, due to technological and economical difficulties regarding its implementation. The situation turned around dramatically with the recent advances on sensors, actuation and computing, as a result of which flow control today is more practical and economical than ever. EU’s strong interest to explore this direction is also indicated by its relevance to a high number of objectives within the FP7 Cooperation Programme, under the Transport (including Aeronautics) theme, Energy, Space and Security Themes. The project proposed aims at improving the state of the art in flow control through two main directions identified through the researcher’s past experience and research efforts in the field, namely: reduced order models amenable to control design and, nonlinear analysis and control design techniques. The research in the proposed project will investigate these directions through developing original and innovative methods that stem from the researcher’s earlier promising results. These methods have the potential of bringing a whole new perspective to the way we approach and attack flow control problems, advance the current state of the art, and eventually become an integral part of numerous technologies in diverse areas.

Keywords: flow control,reduced order modelling,nonlinear analysis,nonlinear control
Modelling individual life histories and population dynamics of predatory aquatic insects: the role of body size (AQUAMOD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-ERG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-09-07
End date: 2013-05-16
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Individual body size can explain a broad array of ecological patterns, including relative abundances, spatial distributions, and diversity of species. Body size underlies the patterning of energy fluxes and responses to perturbations in food webs, and plays a crucial role in individual life histories as it affects many ecological processes including competition, predation, intraguild predation, and cannibalism. This project will be centred on a mutually illuminating use of theory and experiments. Its main objective is to develop and analyze size-structured models of population dynamics and life history evolution of predatory freshwater insects in small fishless water bodies, with emphasis on a strong mechanistic underpinning for all ecological and evolutionary processes accounted for in the models. I will also carry out laboratory experiments and collect data to be able to corectly parameterize the models, and test the applicability of probabilistic reaction norms to measure selected life history traits in predatory freshwater insects. The application of size-structured models and probabilistic reaction norms are novel in the context of freshwater insects, and both methods can improve our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape the individual life histories and population dynamics of this important part of freshwater food webs.

Keywords: aquatic ecology,size-structured models,evolutionary ecology,life history evolution,population dynamics,food web interactions,entomology,fresh water ecosystems
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Mate Preference and selection in Mice (MCM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-IRG-2008, 2008)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mate choice is a behavior observed through all animal kingdom with deep evolutionary consequences, since only the genes of animals that can successfully mate will pass to the next generation. If not everybody has the ability of passing its genes, this means that each individual looks different at the eyes of choosers, which has classically been approached in terms of attractiveness. Mate selection implies 3 steps: 1) prospective mates have different attractiveness; 2) prospective mates broadcast signals that correlate with their attractiveness; 3) choosers can sense those signals and make a decision accordingly to their preferences. To influence animal´s decision, attractiveness cues must be picked up by the sensory systems of choosers and translated into electrical signals that can be used by higher brain structures to make a decision. A lot of effort has been dedicated to elucidate the nature of the cues utilized to broadcast attractiveness, but very little is known about the mechanistic basis for mate preference, how the decision to select a better mate based on the animal´s preferences is taken and how it is used to trigger the appropriate copulatory behavior. My long term goal is to obtain a mechanistic understanding of how the brain implements the necessary computations to achieve this goal. Using mice, my aims during the next 4 years are: 1) establish a behavioral paradigm to study mate preference and selection; 2) identify brain circuits involved in this behavior using immediate early genes as markers of neuronal activity; 3) using genetic tools, manipulate the activity of specific circuits to bias behavior. These studies will use an interdisciplinary approach to bridge evolutionary biology and neurobiology, and hopefully getter at a deeper understanding of this decision making process.

Keywords: natural sciences,neurosciences,neurobiology,neural circuits,decision making,mate preference,attractiveness,mice,genetic tools,reward
Dynamics of Large Group Actions, Rigidity, and Diophantine Geometry (DYNRIGDIOPHGEOM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 629999.8
EU funding (EUR): 629999.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In our project we address several fundamental questions regarding ergodic-theoretical properties of actions of large groups. The problems that we plan to tackle are not only of central importance in the abstract theory of dynamical systems, but they also lead to solutions of a number of open questions in Diophantine geometry such as the Batyrev--Manin and Peyre conjectures on the asymptotics and the distribution of rational points on algebraic varieties, a generalisation of the Oppenheim conjecture on distribution of values of polynomial functions, a generalisation of Khinchin and Dirichlet theorems on Diophantine approximation in the setting of homogeneous varieties, and estimates on the number of integral points (with almost prime coordinates satisfying polynomial and congruence equations. The proposed research is expected to imply profound connections between diverse areas of mathematics simultaneously enriching each of them. For instance, we expect to establish a precise relation between the generalised Ramanujan conjecture in the theory of automorphic forms and the order of Diophantine approximation on algebraic varieties. We also plan to use our results on counting lattice points to derive estimates on multiplicities of automorphic representations and prove results in direction of Sarnak&apos;s density hypothesis. We investigate the problem of distribution of orbits, raised by Arnold and Krylov in sixties, the problem of multiple recurrence, pioneered by Furstenberg in seventies, and the problem of rigidity of group actions, formulated by Zimmer in eighties. We plan to compute the asymptotic distribution of orbits for actions on general homogeneous spaces, to establish multiple recurrence for large classes of actions of nonamenable groups, to prove isomorphism and factor rigidity of homogeneous actions and rigidity of actions under perturbations.

Keywords: dynamical systems,distribution of orbits,recurrence,rigidity of group actions,diophantine geometry,diophantine approximation
Legendrian contact homology and generating families (CONTACTMATH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France,Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 710000.0
EU funding (EUR): 710000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

A contact structure on an odd dimensional manifold in a maximally non integrable hyperplane field. It is the odd dimensional counterpart of a symplectic structure. Contact and symplectic topology is a recent and very active area that studies intrinsic questions about existence, (non) uniqueness and rigidity of contact and symplectic structures. It is intimately related to many other important disciplines, such as dynamical systems, singularity theory, knot theory, Morse theory, complex analysis, ... Legendrian submanifolds are a distinguished class of submanifolds in a contact manifold, which are tangent to the contact distribution. These manifolds are of a particular interest in contact topology. Important classes of Legendrian submanifolds can be described using generating families, and this description can be used to define Legendrian invariants via Morse theory. Other the other hand, Legendrian contact homology is an invariant for Legendrian submanifolds, based on holomorphic curves. The goal of this research proposal is to study the relationship between these two approaches. More precisely, we plan to show that the generating family homology and the linearized Legendrian contact homology can be defined for the same class of Legendrian submanifolds, and are isomorphic. This correspondence should be established using a parametrized version of symplectic homology, being developed by the Principal Investigator in collaboration with Oancea. Such a result would give an entirely new type of information about holomorphic curves invariants. Moreover, it can be used to obtain more general structural results on linearized Legendrian contact homology, to extend recent results on existence of Reeb chords, and to gain a much better understanding of the geography of Legendrian submanifolds.

Keywords: contact geometry,holomorphic curves,legendrian submanifolds,morse theory,generating functions,contact homology,symplectic field theory,floer homology,symplectic geometry