Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Disability: the Global Impact of the International Year of Disabled Persons (1981) in Historical Perspective (DISABILITY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 80.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1991231.0
EU funding (EUR): 1991231.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Approximately 10% of the world’s population is estimated to be disabled and this number is expected to rise in the next few decades. People in different cultural settings ascribe different meanings to disability; consequently, its repercussions are both culturally contingent and universal. This project brings together the local and global dimensions of disability and examines the interaction, tension and conflict between these two aspects by undertaking the first comprehensive study of the far-reaching political, societal and cultural implications of the International Year of Disabled Persons (IYDP) which was organized under the auspices of the United Nations in 1981. A landmark event which appears to have gone virtually unrecognized in scholarship; the IYDP was the first occasion to place disability into a global context by endorsing it authoritatively as a human rights issue and thereby raising the question as to how the concept may be understood in a multicultural world. There will be four closely-related objectives: 1. to examine the IYDP’s impact on human rights discourses and to scrutinize their applicability within global settings; 2. to document the IYDP’s contribution to emancipation and social change and to consider the different trajectories of emancipation in various parts of the world; 3. to assess the ways in which the IYDP influenced everyday life experiences, galvanized identity formation and inspired the emergence of a distinct subculture; 4. to analyze the transnational exchanges and knowledge transfer in conjunction with the IYDP and to examine how the Western oriented discourses penetrating the developing world interacted with the local environment. The project’s innovative contribution and academic impact lies in connecting the IYDP to broader political, social and cultural processes in the last quarter of the twentieth century and thereby bringing disability in a global context to the attention of mainstream historical scholarship.

Keywords: disability,human rights,cold war,social movements,cultural identity,marginality,international year of disabled persons 1981,international organizations,transnational exchanges
The Hatha Yoga Project: Mapping Indian and Transnational Traditions of Physical Yoga through Philology and Ethnography (HYP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1846216.09
EU funding (EUR): 1846122.34
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hatha was the name given in medieval India to a method of yoga in which physical practices predominate. Its origins are unclear, but some of its techniques can be traced to the first millennium BCE and it gradually became central to several Indian religious traditions, including, by the second half of the second millennium CE, orthodox Hinduism. Hatha yoga is also the source of much of the modern yoga practised around the world today. The history of hatha yoga is thus crucial for an understanding of both Indian religion and modern yoga, but is yet to be the object of serious study. As a result key questions about yoga — such as who were hatha yoga’s first practitioners and why did they practise it, and which modern yoga practices predate colonialism and which are innovations — are yet to be answered satisfactorily. The Hatha Yoga Project seeks to redress this by identifying the origins of both hatha and modern yoga. Its methodology will be predominantly philological and ethnographic, and it will draw on resources that are fast disappearing: crumbling manuscripts of Sanskrit texts on yoga and traditional Indian ascetic yogis whose practices are starting to change under the influence of modern globalised yoga. The primary output of the project will be three monographs. The first will analyse hatha yoga and its practitioners in the period in which it was formalised, the 11th to 15th centuries CE. The second will document its subsequent proliferation and development, and identify what constituted yoga practice in India on the eve of colonialism. The third will focus on hatha yoga’s physical techniques in order to chart their history and identify continuities with and differences from the practices of modern globalised yoga. A secondary output will be critical editions and annotated translations of ten previously unpublished Sanskrit manuals of hatha yoga: the six earliest texts on the subject together with four later texts that were key to its subsequent development.

Keywords: yoga,philology,ethnography,south asia,knowledge systems,cultural practice,asceticism,hinduism,buddhism,indology,digital humanities,physical culture
Towards a Worldwide Quantification of Forest Degradation (QUAFORD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2019-12-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The global C emissions trading system currently focuses on reducing deforestation and forest degradation. Under the UN-REDD+ program, donor countries can compensate for some of their C emissions by implementing projects that will reduce C emissions by a known amount in developing countries. Operationally, only C emissions due to deforestation are being estimated in REDD+ projects due to the lack of definition of forest degradation and of thresholds for distinguishing between forest degradation and disturbance due to sustainable forest management practices. No worldwide estimates of the extent of forest degradation have yet been made, and large amounts of C emissions may occur in some degraded areas still being classified as forests. The overall scientific objective of this proposal is to produce an operational definition of forest degradation in the context of REDD+ projects. A new approach that considers a single reference condition (but dependent on site conditions) for assessing the occurrence and extent of forest degradation will be developed. The Researcher has experience in forest inventory and REDD+; however, advanced biometric modelling techniques are needed to accomplish the research objectives. The Supervisor is an internationally recognised expert in this field, and the Host institution (University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain) has a long tradition in hosting researchers and in international collaboration. The candidate will broaden his capacities in complementary skills through a customized Personal Development Career Plan, which will enhance his future career as an independent researcher. The Researcher will carry out a three-month research stay at the Forestry Division of FAO (Rome), which is an end-user of the expected results. The candidate will have access to worldwide forest inventory data from the FAO, and will also gain benefit from the organization’s expertise in operational implementation of worldwide forest monitoring studies.

Keywords: redd,forest monitoring,forest inventory,modelling,biometry,silviculture
Shaping of axonal complexity by a dynamic regulation of local metabolic pathways in the developing cortex (NEUROMET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: France,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1300000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1300000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The proper function of neuronal circuits in the adult brain relies heavily on glucose metabolism to ensure energy-demanding neuronal functions such as synaptic activity or long distance axonal transport. Deregulation of the energetic metabolism is strongly associated to many neurodegenerative diseases and has been linked to some neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. However our current understanding of metabolic regulation in the developing brain and in particular in rapidly growing neurons is still fragmental. I recently identified a novel function for the kinase LKB1 in the control of axon outgrowth and terminal branching in the mouse cortex (Courchet et al. Cell 2013). This novel function of LKB1 involves the kinase NUAK1/ARK5, a poorly studied kinase related to the metabolic regulator AMPK. Furthermore our work uncovered a completely novel mechanism by which LKB1 and NUAK1 control terminal axon branching through the capture of mitochondria at nascent presynaptic sites. However the roles of presynaptic mitochondria in developing neurons and how they contribute to axon morphogenesis remain an open question. In this project I will to study how the regulation of glucose metabolism and mitochondria function by LKB1 and NUAK1 underlie neuron development and circuit formation in the neocortex. We will develop techniques combining live imaging of fluorescent metabolic reporters, functional metabolomics and in vivo manipulation of gene expression in mouse models to identify the relationship between glucose metabolism and axon development. My experimental plan will revolve around three independent aims that will tackle this question from a subcellular scale to circuits in vivo. Overall, this project will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of the neocortex and will point out some of the consequences of metabolic imbalance on the development of the brain, a question that has many important implications for public health.

Keywords: neocortex,axon,mitochondria,lkb1,nuak1
Modulation of tRNA pool and tRNA fragments in obesity and diabetes; focus on their role in macrophage activation and exosome-mediated crosstalk with pancreatic beta cells (MATREX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Obesity is a major public health concern and represents the strongest risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. In T2D pathogenesis, inflammation contributes to multi-organ insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure. Macrophages (Mφs) in adipose tissue and pancreatic islets play an important role in organ homeostasis, however their metabolic switch leads to chronic inflammation in obese individuals. The functional profile of obese Mφs reflects a high complexity, not explained by the classical model of pro-inflammatory activation. This suggests that unknown molecular modulators, higly sensitive to environmental changes, might control the activation of Mφs. Here I propose to investigate the role of transfer RNAs (tRNA) and tRNA fragmentation in in Mφ activation and diabetes pathogenesis. The ensemble of tRNAs in the cell is under strict regulation of nutrient availability and directly controls protein translation; also, tRNA fragmentation is controlled by stress factors and leads to the formation of tRNA fragments (tRFs), highly functional non-coding RNAs. I propose to study changes in tRNA pool and tRF signature in Mφs from adipose tissue and pancreatic islet using the db/db mouse model. I will analyse how protein translation is associated with tRNA pool, using ribosome profiling and computational methodologies. In addition, I will investigate the function of tRFs in the crosstalk between Mφs and β-cells via exosomes and their role in modulating β-cell function. I will use a Mφ-specific mouse model allowing the labeling of small RNAs in Mφs and the detection of the transferred molecules in β-cells. I will therefore combine high-throughput and in vivo innovative approaches to achieve the following aims: 1) Analyze the modulation of tRNA pool and translational in obese macrophages; 2) Investigating tRNA fragmentation and tRFs function in Mφs and β-cells during diabetes pathogenesis; 3) Study tRFs role in exosome-mediated Mφ to β-cell signaling.

Keywords: trna,macrophage,obesity,diabetes,inflammation,exosome
Analysis of protein corona formation on nanoparticles by DNA barcodes (CoronaTag)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165598.8
EU funding (EUR): 165598.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nanoparticles (from 1 to 1000 nM in diameter) are widely used in point-of-care diagnostics due to their large surface area and versatile biofunctionalization. However, when used in matrices such as blood plasma and other complex biological fluids, nanoparticles are known to attract proteins that form coronas around the nanoparticles. These coronas block binding sites, cause non-specific interactions, and cause aggregation among the nanoparticles, resulting in lower signals, higher background, and large variabilities in the assays. Proteomics studies have analyzed the overall protein corona composition on different nanoparticles, depending on size, surface chemistry etc. Microscopic studies have been used to monitor the kinetics of corona formation on nanoparticles in simplified systems. However, protein-protein interactions and cooperative effects in corona formation, and their interference in diagnostic assays involving affinity reagents, have not been studied yet in a comprehensive way. In this proposal, I will adress those questions using DNA-assisted protein technology, where proteins are labeled with DNA barcode tags. The ligation of proximal barcodes will reveal protein-protein co-localizations within coronas and their interactions with affinity reagents such as antibodies. The analysis will give unique insight in the internal structure of coronas and will shed light on the origin of corona-induced nanoparticle-nanoparticle aggregation processes and nanoparticle-surface interactions, which is very important for nanoparticle-based point-of-care diagnostics.

Keywords: nanoparticles,point of care diagnostics,protein corona,dna assisted protein technology,affinity reagents,qpcr,next generation sequencing,conjugation,colocalization
Market uptake a innovative Non-intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring (NIALM) to enlarge ENERGY efficiency SPECTRUM to comprise the families factor (ENERGY SPECTRUM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for a low carbon energy system (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-02-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this project is to analyze the commercial and technical feasibility of the upscale of an energy sensing disaggregation system coupled with an innovative family eco-feedback. Our sensing system ENERGY SPECTRUM is capable of disaggregating home energy consumption using a low-cost and effective non-intrusive approach costing less than most of our competitor solutions. The sensing system is coupled with a middleware web system that supports novel eco-feedback strategies that are meaningful and compelling for families and households. Our real world test beds (demonstrate a potential for improvement in energy conservation efficiency by 42% with a long-term impact (our competitors claim increases between 4-20% with known problems of relapse in conservation activities). Our company, PRSMA (the commercial name of Bright Curiosity, LDA) is a spinoff SME created by a research team at M-ITI associated with an entrepreneur from the energy and electronics industry. Our aim is to commercialize ENERGY SPECTRUM, an energy disaggregation system coming out of a successful transnational research project involving teams in Europe (Madeira/Portugal) and the USA (Carnegie Mellon University). The ownership and IPR of this result has been transferred by the research organization to PRSMA. The research underlying this initiative was extensively published in international conferences and journals and awarded by the “IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability” Three potential customers have already demonstrated their interest in the project outcome, including EDP, an international Utility with more than 10 million customers and present in the markets of EU, USA and Brazil. The aim of ENERGY SPECTRUM is to reach 1% of a specific EU niche mark (family households with 3-5 members) and achieve a yearly profit of 10,2 million Euros, five years after the ENERGY SPECTRUM commercialization starts. We forecast to enter in USA market in 2022.

Keywords: home energy system,energy sensing disaggregation system,non intrusive appliance load monitoring nialm
In Situ Probing of transition metal-oxide heteroInterfaces for high-peRformance solid-state Energy devices (INSPIRE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2021-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Improving energy efficiency, reducing emissions and increasing the share of renewables are among the primary targets of the EU. To achieve these goals, solid-state energy devices, including solid oxide cells (SOCs), have gathered significant attention. In recent years, advances in material design have opened up unprecedented opportunities for development. For example, compared with either single phase, heterointerfaces of transition metal oxides (TMOs) exhibit orders of magnitude faster ion exchange/diffusion kinetics in SOCs. However, there is continuous debate regarding the origin of these enhancements, mainly due to limited instrumental resolutions compared to the nanometre length scale of heterointerfaces. The underlying electrokinetic mechanisms must be understood and quantitatively determined so that we can rationally design interfaces with superior properties. This will open up new avenues in the low-temperature SOC (LT-SOC) applications. To this end, we propose an in-situ study of a range of heterointerfaces using both Low Energy Ion Scattering Spectroscopy and recently installed, one-of-a-kind and high-resolution Plasma Focused Ion Beam Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy. We will design strain-engineered vertically aligned composite nanostructures (VAN) of TMO heterostructures using Pulsed Laser Deposition. VAN design allows for strain tuning in electrodes with thicknesses reaching micrometre length scales, thus paving the way for potential commercialisation. The performance of these heterostructures will be investigated for LT-SOC applications, targeting higher outputs at lower operating temperatures (300-500°C). This project combines the candidate’s expertise in SOCs with the host institute’s unique surface characterisation capabilities. This work is expected to form a cornerstone in the researcher's academic career while significantly contributing to boosting European excellence by studying a highly topical research question.

Keywords: solid oxide cells,vertically aligned nanocomposite heterostructures,heterointerfaces,transition metal oxides,leis,sims,in situ surface characterisation,impedance spectroscopy
High Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy with Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Combs (HiResCombs)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Dual-frequency comb spectroscopy is a seminal new way of measuring infrared transmission spectra with high signal quality in short measurement times. Quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectroscopy has recently been introduced for the measurement of solid state and liquid samples at low resolution. In HiResCombs, we develop two complementary methods to perform high resolution spectroscopy with quantum cascade laser frequency combs. Each of the methods will be proven in an application test in a suitable research application. With the developments of HiResCombs, we aim to offer improved measurement capabilities for two research fields at once: high resolution spectroscopy and research in gas phase kinetics on short time scales.

Keywords: frequency combs,quantum cascade lasers,dual comb spectroscopy,high resolution spectroscopy