Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMATIONS OF ROMAN IDENTITY IN ROME: THE ROMAN FORUM FROM THE EARLIEST URBAN SETTLEMENT TO THE FALL OF THE EMPIRE (SPACESTHROUGHTIME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-12-01
End date: 2016-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The cultural identity of a community is not a static entity, but fluctuating and situational. As such cultural identity can be studied in an ‘évenemential’ continuum as also in the changing spatial frames within which it is conceived and where it is manifested. The Roman Forum is such a case of a special frame for the study and comprehension in historical terms of such a process: in a cross-cultural perspective, there are rarely examples of urban spaces that constitute such a privileged observatory for the understanding of the continuously evolving identities of a civilization in the long historical term. The Forum had been constituted as a common community centre in the process of state formation (it was the central place where the most important communal affairs, as also political functions, converged) and it changed as the Roman state evolved in time, maintaining a major role until the fall of the Roman empire. Despite this, the gappiness of data placed it on the margins of the debate on cultural identity. Now, for the first time, it is possible to follow the topographical history of the Roman Forum from the mid-8th cent. B.C to the mid-6th cent A.D., through the plans and topographical reconstructions elaborated in my previous research. By applying to these topographical work the new theoretical approaches to understanding space (the spatial turn), through an analytical taxonomy of the human activities in their topographical context (a social GIS of the Roman Forum), it is possible to carry out this research to a new level of elaboration: my aim is to restore visibility to the women and the men who used this space, their multiplicity and their changes, with a better comprehension of the feed-back dynamics of the Roman cultural ‘imaginaire’ and of its continuous reiterations and reinventions, by putting back to the Forum its role as a multi-ethnic and not static place, origin and product of different pulses, as is the present Rome and Europe.

Keywords: humanities,archaeology,ancient history,urban landscapes in perspective,rome,roman forum,socio-political life,cultural identity,collective memory
Prehistoric Transitions in the Mediterranean: Cultural and economic responses to climate change during the Mesolithic-Bronze Age (PRETM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project investigates three relevant, inter-related and multidisciplinary topics on Western Mediterranean Prehistory: 1) The paleoenvironmental context of the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Eastern Iberia 2) The effects of environmental stress to prehistoric communities and their resilience to short-term climate changes and 3) The anthropogenic impact of the first agricultural and husbandry systems on landscape (7500-4000 cal BP). To achieve these goals, the candidate and the host institution have designed a project that will integrate new multi-proxy paleoenvironmental data from two lake deposits in the Upper Vinalopó Valley (Eastern Spain) with direct archaeological information from Mesolithic and Neolithic sites from the same area. Through the multi-proxy analysis of the two lake cores, the candidate will be trained in the application of new analytical procedures (micro-charcoal analysis, pine stomata identification, XRF, DXR) and will adapt her previous skills (Loss on Ignition, Pollen and Phytolith analysis) to a new geographic context. The proposed research will enhance the candidate's capabilities to integrate palaeoecological and archaeological evidence, a step which is decisive to promote her scientific leadership and career development.

Keywords: western mediterranean,eastern iberia,bond events,abrupt climate change,environmental stress,prehistoric communities,mesolithic- neolithic transition,pollen analysis,multi-proxy investigation.
Polymer Optical Sensing System Innovation Benefits Leadership Education (POSSIBLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Project POSSIBLE seeks to draw on recent developments in optical fibre sensors to tackle two important industrial sensing problems: the provision of an all optical fuel gauging system for aircraft and the development of simple, highly sensitive acoustic and vibration sensors for geophysical surveying and surveillance. Importantly, the project will form an excellent stage on which to prepare the Marie Curie Fellow for a future academic career involving innovation in collaboration with industrial partners. Key to the research is the developing maturity of fibre Bragg grating strain sensors recorded in polymer optical fibres, rather than the more established silica fibre. The much lower elastic modulus of polymers means that the sensors are much more sensitive to stress than their silica counterparts and therefore can offer enhanced sensitivity in certain applications, such as those targeted in this project. The project brings together an early stage researcher who already possesses significant expertise with silica fibre sensors as well as some experience of the polymer devices, with the Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies who are by several measures world leaders in polymer grating fabrication and applications development.

Keywords: polymer optical fiber,acoustic and vibration sensing,acousto-optic effect,fuel gauging,aerospace industry,teaching,leadership education
Policies to extend working life: implications for gender, ageing and precarious work. (GENDOWL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 364476.9
EU funding (EUR): 364476.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project is a cross-national comparative qualitative analysis of the impact on older workers in Ireland and the United States of policies introduced to extend working lives; it will focus on gender, precarious work, health and the impact of the global recession. Demographic ageing poses a formidable policy challenge for governments in western countries and will do so for the foreseeable future (OECD, 2012). There is a need for increased pension provision as workers live longer after retirement. This has major implications for budget allocation and labour market policies. In response to this, governments, including Ireland and the U.S. have moved, rather swiftly, to introduce new policies designed to extend working life, such as increasing state pension age, and allowing flexibility to work beyond retirement age. However, the consequences of such change for individuals are not well understood. To inform the policy process, several kinds of unanswered questions regarding the implications of such policies for peoples’ lives urgently need to be addressed. This project proposes to investigate the experiences, decision-making and outcomes for older workers in Ireland and the United States, in relation to recently-introduced policies designed to extend people’s working lives. This study will use an innovative lifecourse methodology to compare the experiences of workers around retirement age in the U.S. and Ireland, using interviews with 120 men and women (60 per country). A special feature of this project is its internationally comparative dimension, through which the experiences of Irish and American older workers will be compared

Keywords: lifecourse,ageing,gender,precarious work,employment policy.
State dependent flow of excitation and activation of inhibition in cortical columns (IMAGING COLUMNS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 223778.4
EU funding (EUR): 223778.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A central tenet of cortical operations is that excitation and inhibition rise in tandem through out a column, and over the somatic and dendritic compartments of single neurons. The details of how excitation flows in a column, how inhibition arises in different lamina to balance excitation, and how excitation and inhibition interact along the dendrite of pyramidal neurons – especially in vivo -- are not known. Our specific aims are to measure activity in all lamina of cortex, to measure activity of interneurons in all layers, and to directly measure the effect of inputs, activity, and behavioral state on dendritic activation and somatic output of interneurons and layer V pyramidal neurons. We will deploy 2-photon imaging methods for measuring state dependent changes in activity in layers 1-6, of somatosensory forepaw and barrel cortex, from known classes of neurons, and from the soma and dendrites of layer V pyramidal neurons in awake behaving, and anesthetized animals. The guiding hypothesis of this proposal is that excitation will be matched by inhibition in all cortical lamina, and during all states. A second simple hypothesis that is that inputs to apical dendrites will be amplified in all layer V neurons that fire action potentials. We will test these hypothesis during spontaneous activity, sensory stimulation and behavior. These studies will provide fundamental insights into cortical function.

Keywords: somatosensory cortex,calcium imaging,inhibitory interneurons,cortical states,dendrites
Rethinking Textiles (RETHINKTEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Rethinking Textiles is a two-year collaboration between Dr Barbara Hahn of Texas Tech University and Prof Regina Lee Blaszczyk at the University of Leeds to launch an effort to recontextualize the history of the British Industrial Revolution. The British mechanization of textile production is a crucial case for understanding the relationship between technological change and economic growth, but with few exceptions, the topic has long been dominated by economic historians concerned to explain change at the macroeconomic level. Rethinking Textiles is an example of micro-history, enriching the story of the Industrial Revolution with greater specificity about particular people, technologies, and products. It places the Industrial Revolution in an exciting new context, drawing on the history of technology, the history of consumption, and the history of design to develop a new narrative history of British industrialization as a global phenomenon shaped by cultural, social, and material variables with remarkable parallels to the Digital Age.

Keywords: industrial revolution,industry,textiles,economic history,cultural history,social history,museums,public engagment
Design of Fiscal and Monetary Policies: Central Bank Objectives and Public Debt Management (MONFISCPOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of the project is to develop economic models for the design of fiscal and monetary policies to tackle the current economic crisis – the primary objective of the European Commission Work programme for 2013. The first part of the project will develop a framework to determine what should be the primary objectives of central banks. The main goal is to understand if central banks should only focus on maintaining price stability – the conventional wisdom in among academics and practitioners– or should instead devote more and more attention to other objectives, like reducing unemployment and stabilizing the financial markets. The results will be particularly relevant for current debates at the European Level about the goals of the European Central Bank. The second part of the project develops a framework for the management of the debt maturity structure to explain the existing relationship between debt holdings and interest rates paid by governments. The successful completion of the project will contribute to the current debate about the potential benefits from the adequate management of public debt, in terms of reduction of the costs of financing, that will ultimately translate into higher social welfare.

Keywords: optimal policy,interest rates,debt,commitment
EPIGENomic markers for AIR pollution-induced health effects (EPIGENAIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has detrimental effects on the health outcomes. Recently is shown that particulate matter increases the risk for lung cancer at the population level, which is assessed within the framework of the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). This study dramatically increased the epidemiological weight of this association, however mechanistic evidence at this level is mostly scarce. Epigenetics, the heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve a change in DNA sequences such as DNA methylation can modulate genomic functions under exogenous influence such as air pollution. So far, several lines of research suggest that the mechanisms involved are through inflammation and oxidative damage. In spite of the specific DNA methylation results a large genome-wide epigenetic analysis in relation to ambient air pollution has not been performed, as such this gap in knowledge will be addressed by this proposal. In this project I hypothesise that DNA methylation of inflammation and oxidative stress pathways are key in PM-induced effects. I aim to identify changes in methylation related to exposure to specific air pollutants by profiling full genome methylation data. For this project I will combine exposure and epigenetic data from three large prospective studies of over 1200 individuals from the ESCAPE (FP7), HuGeF (Human Genetics Foundation, Italy) and EnvironGenoMarkers (FP7) studies. I will explore the association of genome wide DNA methylation (Illumina 450K) with ambient air pollution in healthy subjects (n=1200) with detailed air pollution measurements, including personal estimates of PM2.5, PM10, PMcoarse, NO2, NOx and traffic indicators. I will perform a study of pathways and networks that PM exposure affects followed in depth cross-omics analysis between DNA methylation and transcriptomics data.

Keywords: environmental epidemiology,air pollution,epigenetics,transcriptomics,dna methylation,lung cancer,molecular mechanisms,pathway analysis,exposomics,escape study,hugef study,envirogenomarkers
Photophysics of Fluorescent Proteins (PHOTOPROTEIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Fluorescent fusion tags have revolutionized many fields in molecular biology. Since the first applications of the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) extracted from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, the photophysical properties of the protein have been improved and modified to optimize their application in various novel in vivo imaging techniques. These applications exploit, unique properties of fluorescence proteins (FPs), such as pH-sensitivity, and Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET), photoactivation, and photoconversion. The engineering of FPs has produced new variants emitting in the blue, cyan and yellow range of the spectrum and created a rich palette of promising new features. In particular the development of species emitting in the far red (RFP) has gained impetus by the discovery of new native FPs from corals (anthozoae). However, most of these newly designed FPs lack important characteristics of the GFP family such as brightness, photostability, and fluorescence at low pH. Therefore, a great need is perceived to better understand the photophysics of the GFP chromophore and its derivatives in the new FPs and how the protein environment controls it. The goals of this project are (1) the validation of experimentally derived models for the photo-induced processes in FPs, (2) the systematic determination of the factors that control absorption/emission wavelength, absorptivity, uorescence quenching via internal conversion. In particular, the effects of electrostatic and steric interactions and hydrogen bonded networks between chromophore and binding pocket on the optical properties and excited-state dynamics will be investigated.

Keywords: p219 biophysics,p304 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques,p215 soft condensed matter,p212 nanophysics
Collateral effects of language in use (CELU)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 276865.2
EU funding (EUR): 276865.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overall research objective of the proposed project is to investigate to what extent the language we speak influence our ability to act in the world. Building on the theoretical and methodological foundations of disciplines such as Conversation Analysis, Linguistic Anthropology and Interactional Linguistic, and taking as its point of departure the idea that language is a resource for accomplishing social action, the project will conduct an empirically based study to determine the range of linguistic resources that can be employed for accomplishing one domain of action, within one specific language. Based on a corpus of audio- and video-recorded, naturally occurring interactions in Danish, the project will investigate how speakers of Danish indicate or convey to others that they have undergone a change of state. Having identified the different resources that can be employed for this action, the project will then determine in what other contexts of use or domains of action the same resources are employed and how. The empirical findings will then be compared to investigate the way in which different linguistic items are used to indicate distinct types of change of state, can be linked back to how these linguistic items are otherwise used, in other domains of action. The project will be conducted by an experienced researcher and at an esteemed research institution, with the training objectives being that of recalibrating the researcher's career and helping her develop a more defined and independent research profile.

Keywords: social action,language structure,danish,conversation analysis,interactional linguistics,linguistic relativity,linguistic anthropology
Beating Landauer’s Limit in the Quantum Regime (QUANTUMLANDAUER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2016-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 147210.0
EU funding (EUR): 147210.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Irreversible processes, such as resetting a logical register in a computer, result in heat dissipation. Landauer’s principle, linking information theory and thermodynamics, states that there is a minimum amount of heat dissipation, proportional to the reduction in the entropy of the logical register, imposed by the laws of thermodynamics. To possibly beat Landauer’s limit, we must first gain a better understanding of it. As quantum mechanics is our most fundamental theory of matter, such a deeper understanding of Landauer’s principle, which is based on classical physics, requires that it be reformulated in the quantum language. In this proposal we therefore aim to investigate how heat dissipation may be lowered beyond Landauer’s limit by utilising quantum mechanical phenomena, specifically that of quantum uncertainty. The objectives may be enumerated thusly: (i) Uncertainty in the form of environmental noise; (ii) Uncertainty by using non-orthogonal quantum states as the logical “0” and “1"; (iii) The interplay between uncertainty and quantum correlations between the logical register and some third-party system. This project is very timely as it will fit into the emerging research area of quantum thermodynamics, while at the same time being original and innovative. It also has the potential for impact beyond fundamental science. According to the SMART2020 study, information and communications technologies (ICT) account for 2-5 % of global energy consumption; a number which will undoubtedly grow as ICT takes on a more prominent role in the global economy. According to recent studies, the minimum power dissipation per unit area of the fundamental building block of today’s computers – the CMOS FET transistor – is orders of magnitude larger than Landauer’s limit. The ICT industry is therefore endeavouring to devise systems which will narrow this gap, a task which will benefit greatly from the ability to operate beyond Landauer’s limit.

Keywords: open quantum systems,quantum thermodynamics,quantum information,physics of information,landauer's principle