Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Photochromic Solar Cells: Towards Photovoltaic Devices with Variable and Self-Adaptable Optical Transmission (PISCO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497742.0
EU funding (EUR): 2497742.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Solar Solar energy is an unlimited renewable source of energy but its contribution to European energy production is still minor. It is therefore urgent to develop innovative photovoltaic (PV) technologies and products, and to implement them massively. Among emerging photovoltaics, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) are competitive in terms of efficiency, cost, and more importantly stability. They can be made semi-transparent which is an appealing feature for building or automobile integrated photovoltaics. But to be efficient, they have to harvest a maximum of photons from the sun, thus the best-performing DSSCs cannot show a good transparency which impedes their use as windows. In 2017, I proposed a new concept to combine photochromism and photovoltaic, leading for the first time to efficient semi-transparent solar cells showing variable and self-adjustable optical transmission. These cells can simultaneously adapt their absorption depending on the weather conditions and produce electricity. Starting from this result, PISCO will widely explore this exciting concept and provide a breakthrough in photovoltaics by developing a novel class of multifunctional solar cells that could be massively integrated in buildings, automotive, or mobile electronics. The main objectives of PISCO are: 1) Design and synthesis of novel photochromic dyes with optimized optoelectronic properties and high stability. 2) Integration of these molecules in devices using methodologies to enable fundamental studies, to fully understand what factors are governing the photochromic behaviour, the generation of electrical power, and the interplay between them. 3) Inspired by the most relevant and recent concepts in the field, to develop robust and efficient photochromic solar cells and modules. PISCO will provide the step change expected in photovoltaics, it will change our conceit of optical properties of solar cells by providing a ground-breaking technology with widen potential applications.

Keywords: photovoltaics,photochromism,organic dyes,solar cells,dye sensitized solar cells
Intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of neuronal identity (NATURE_NURTURE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499936.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499936.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Neuronal diversity determines the variety of circuits that can be formed and thus sets the framework for an animal’s behavioural repertoire. During development, distinct neuronal types emerge from interactions between cell-intrinsic processes and cell-extrinsic processes. In the brain, untangling how intrinsic and extrinsic processes contribute to neuronal identity has been difficult, as neurons are highly interconnected and heterogeneous cells with distinct and dynamic sensitivities to environmental signals. In such conditions, high temporal single-cell resolution approaches are required to parse out the drivers of cell-type differentiation. The mouse neocortex is an ideal model to tease out drivers of differentiation: radially, cell-intrinsic genetic mechanisms drive the generation of successive neuron types across cortical layers; tangentially, cell-extrinsic processes are critical to drive differentiation via synaptic input across cortical areas. Here, using the developing neocortex as a model system, I propose to identify how cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic processes interact to define distinct neuron identities by characterizing: 1. emergence of area-specific neuronal and progenitor identities using FlashTag fate mapping and single-cell RNA sequencing (Work Package (WP) 1) 2. plasticity of area-specific neuronal states in response to genetic manipulation, transplantation or input/activity manipulation (WP2) 3. spatial context-independent components of neuron identity, by uncovering core molecular and circuit states in vitro (WP3) 4. postnatal experience-dependent controls over neuronal identity, using the precocial rodent Acomys as a new model to study the role of early brain-world interactions (WP4). Together, these experiments aim to identify the molecular determinants of progenitor and neuron types by distinguishing intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of cell identity, with the long-term aim of reverse-engineering tailored neuronal cell-types for circuit repair.

Keywords: neuronal diversity,brain development
From LEAF to Terrestrial Biosphere Model: Integrating multi-scale observations of highly diverse tropical ecosystems for global scale simulations (LEAF-2-TBM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178320.0
EU funding (EUR): 178320.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The representation of terrestrial ecosystems is a key source of uncertainty in future projections of the coupled carbon cycle/climatic system. Current Terrestrial Biosphere Models (TBMs) represent the worldwide vegetation by a dozen of rigid Plant Functional Types (PFT), with empirical mechanisms calibrated on discrete observations. As a result, TBMs represent highly diverse ecosystems such as tropical forests with only one clone of the same plant. This over-simplified representation arises from the lack of observations in some regions such as over Africa, which leads to widely diverging results for C cycling and nutrient/water limitations under future scenarios. Simulating plant diversity is crucial for assessing global change impact on ecosystems and their feedback on climate. LEAF2TBM targets the unresolved challenge for TBMs to simulate the effects of plant diversity on tropical forest ecosystem functioning and associated global biogeochemical cycles based on an integrated assessment of processes across different scales. I will achieve this by using unique concomitant field observations of carbon dioxide and water vapor exchanges measured at multiple scales (from individuals to ecosystem) and state-of-the-art modelling approaches to ( 1 ) accurately quantify the effect of the functional diversity on ecosystems fluxes for two forests located in the Congo Basin and Amazon; ( 2 ) disentangle the roles of species composition and environment on ecosystems fluxes; and ( 3 ) provide a robust estimate of the global C budget uncertainty for tropical forests in TBMs. LEAF2TBM will enhance EU scientific excellence and will be a crucial step for guiding the development of the next generation TBMs that are central for policy decision making. The science excellence and training through LEAF2TBM will enable me to apply for senior research positions or an ERC starting grant in the future, which would allow me to establish my own research group on terrestrial ecology.

Keywords: terrestrial biosphere model,tropical forests,gas exchange,carbon cycle,functional diversity,functional traits,upscaling,photosynthesis
Use-centric rail freight innovation for Single European Railway Area. (FR8RAIL IV)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European rail initiative
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: Shift2Rail (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Italy,Austria,Germany,Sweden,Sweden,Switzerland,Switzerland,Slovakia,Sweden,Sweden,France
Call: Formulation of the freight train of the future (H2020-S2RJU-CFM-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2023-11-30
Duration (months): 41.0
Total project cost (EUR): 10166663.31
EU funding (EUR): 7792677.54
Participants: 28
Project status: SIGNED

The foreseen research activities are expected to contribute to the creation of a framework for an effective railway for freight as a part of the logistical value chain in a more automated way via intelligent equipment and railway terminals enabling the provision of accurate information to end customers and operators. The objective of the FR8RAIL IV project is to further develop technologies relevant for the rail freight sector to reach the goal highlighted in the Shift2Rrail Master Plan. The work is partly based on results achieved in the previous projects of the AWP 2015-2019 (FFL4E, ARCC, FR8RAIL I-III, and FR8HUB). FR8RAIL IV seeks to increase technical readiness of the specific technologies developed through innovation actions up to TRL 7. In the framework of the general challenges highlighted in the S2R Strategic Master Plan, specific challenges consistent with the Annual Work Plan 2020 will be addressed by the FR8RAIL IV project.

Keywords: railway,freight,condition based maintenance,automatic coupling,telematics and electrification,wagon design,long trains up to 1500m,freight loco of the future
GlucoCEST Imaging of Neoplastic Tumours (GLINT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Israel,Italy,Austria,Germany,Switzerland,France,United Kingdom
Call: Development of new diagnostic tools and technologies: in vivo medical imaging technologies (H2020-PHC-2015-two-stage, 2015)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 6454612.0
EU funding (EUR): 5797799.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer is one of the most devastating diseases the world is currently facing, accounting for 7.6 million deaths in 2008 (WHO). Cancer is usually detected through advanced medical imaging. Early detection is very important as it increases the chances of survival and the potential for full recovery. Further, The high level of sophistication in treating cancer has led to a new unsolved problem, the differentiation between treatment effect, regrowth or pseudo-progression of the tumour. Here, we aim to develop and bring to the clinic a potentially disruptive new technology to characterize and image glucose delivery, uptake and metabolism in cancer. Recently we managed to demonstrate the sensitivity of a technique, named glucose-based Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (glucoCEST), to detect native (α-D-glucose) glucose uptake in tumours. In addition, recent developments have shown glucose analogues, such as 3-oxy-methyl-D-glucose (3OMG) can be used as potential non-metabolisable tracers using the same technique. In this proposal, we aim to bring the combination of native D-glucose and 3-oxy-methyl-D-glucose as a combined examination to the clinic to assess cancer glucose uptake and metabolism, thereby providing a cheap, widely available, more comprehensive, non-invasive alternative to nuclear medicine techniques currently used for cancer assessment within Europe.

Keywords: cancer,biomarker,imaging,metabolism,glucose,glucocest
Gas-Only internal combustion engines (GasOn)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: EGVI (cPPP)
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Italy,Switzerland,Poland,France,France,France,Czechia,United Kingdom,Luxembourg
Call: Future natural gas powertrains and components for cars and vans (H2020-GV-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 23370548.91
EU funding (EUR): 16704977.139999999
Participants: 21
Project status: CLOSED

In order to realize sustainable mobility in Europe, both urban and long distance vehicles for road transport will have to be significantly more efficient by 2020+ and a considerable contribution will have to come from the energy efficiency improvement of the powertrain. Moreover, together with the progressive efficiency increase coming from the engine technology evolution, the use of Low-Carbon Alternative Fuels, such as Natural Gas, will play a fundamental role to accelerate the process of decarbonization of the transportation sector that in Europe is targeted for the 2050 time horizon. In this context, being well-known the benefits of the Natural Gas Vehicles adoption in Europe, this proposal aims to exploit the main benefits of gas-powered engines developing CNG-only, mono-fuel-engines able to comply with: • post Euro 6 noxious emissions • 2020+ CO2 emissions targets • new homologation cycle and Real Driving conditions and simultaneously improving engine efficiency and vehicle performance also with regard to its CNG range capability. These engines, based on new combustion processes, require also dedicated technological solutions for: • Innovative injection, ignition and boosting system concepts • Advanced exhaust gas aftertreatment system • Detecting the gas-quality and its composition The results obtained from the experimental activities on the demonstration vehicles and engines will be harmonized and analysed throughout a final overall assessment of the different approaches. The demonstrator vehicles will be assessed in terms of performance and emissions with regard to NEDC, WLTP and under real driving conditions. Moreover, the final assessment of the vehicles will be certified, as “independent testing”, by JRC (Joint Research Centre) which will carry out additional measurements in their own testing facilities both on chassis dyno and by means of PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System).

Keywords: natural gas,direct injection,turbocharging,vvt aftertreatment,gas quality sensor,stoichiometric,lean burn
Structural basis of controlling the membrane attack complex (Controlling MAC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Panel description: Molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology, molecular biophysics, synthetic and chemical biology, drug design, innovative methods and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2025-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999990.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999990.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Structural basis of controlling the membrane attack complex Complement is a fundamental component of the human immune system; central to the battle between hosts and pathogens. The membrane attack complex (MAC) is the direct killing arm of complement that acts by forming large pores in target cell membranes. Uncontrolled activation results in by-stander damage, which can have devastating consequences for host cells and impact inflammatory pathologies, thrombosis and cancer. Understanding how MAC activity is controlled on human cells during an immune response is a major unresolved question. My lab has pioneered the use of cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) to investigate the molecular mechanism underpinning MAC assembly. We have defined the stoichiometry of the complex and identified interaction interfaces that determine its sequential assembly mechanism. Recent data from my lab has now revealed atomic resolution information for the complete transmembrane pore. Results from my lab have provided a molecular and biophysical basis for MAC pore formation, which has led to a general mechanism for how proteins cross lipid bilayers. Here, the goal is to understand the structural basis for how MAC activity is controlled by (i) cell surface receptor CD59, (ii) removal of pores from the plasma membrane, and (iii) clearance of assembly by-products from the plasma. MAC interacts with a defined set of cellular proteins through these three pathways. In this proposal, we will integrate structural information that spans cellular to molecular length scales. Recent technical advances in cryoEM, cryo soft X-ray tomography (cryoSXT) and correlated fluorescence imaging make it now possible to address how MAC activity is controlled in and around the plasma membrane. In doing so, we will answer a longstanding question in immunology and open new research directions exploring fundamental cellular processes. These results will provide a foundation for the development of novel therapeutics.

Keywords: pore forming proteins,complement
Tissue-derived acellular micro-scaffold technology reducing or eliminating diabetics’ dependence on insulin therapy (Io-EMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Nanotechnologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Israel
Call: Accelerating the uptake of nanotechnologies advanced materials or advanced manufacturing and processing technologies by SMEs (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-11-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Betalin’s mission is to provide a tissue-derived acellular micro-scaffold that will extend the life and the insulin-producing performance of transplanted beta cells in order to reduce or eliminate the dependence of some diabetics on insulin therapy. Type 1 Diabetes is a chronic disease that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Its cause is still uncertain and there is no known way to prevent its onset. With~70,000 new cases diagnosed each year, it is estimated that ~17 mn people worldwide are afflicted with T1DM. In the US alone, T1DM results in $14.4 bn in medical costs and lost income annually. Type 1 diabetics face a lifetime regime of insulin therapy and very careful lifestyle management in an attempt to mitigate the long-term complications associated with T1DM such as cardiovascular disease, damage to the eyes, kidneys and nerves, and premature death. In recent years islet transplantation has been researched as a treatment for T1DM. The procedure involves injecting millions of islets (the pancreatic cell clusters that “house” the insulinproducing beta cells) harvested from cadavers, followed by immunosuppression therapy. Islet transplantation is a promising approach but the naked islets are very unstable: they must be transplanted almost immediately after harvesting and up to 80% of the transplanted islets stop functioning within 24hrs. The result is that, after five years, less than 10% of the recipients are free of daily insulin treatment. Betalin’s technology is based on the premise that in order for beta cells to function properly it is necessary to provide an appropriate stromal (connective tissue) micro-environment. The proprietary platform technology is a method to prepare acellular organ-derived micro-scaffolds that preserve the architecture and the basic composition of organ stroma and ensure that no seeded cell will be more than 150 microns from a source of nutrients and gases.

Keywords: issue,diabetes,insulin,transplant,advanced material,processing technology
Development and verification of microstructure, residual stress and deformation simulation capability for additive free-form direct deposition using multiple superalloys (SUPERMODEL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Development and verification of microstructure, residual stress and deformation simulation capability for additive free-form deposition using multiple superalloys (H2020-CS2-CFP08-2018-01, 2018)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2021-10-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 739375.0
EU funding (EUR): 739375.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

SUPERMODEL will (1) develop a state-of-the-art microstructure evolution model for blown powder laser metal deposition processing and post-processing of multiple super alloys (including Inconel 718) that can predict grain sizes; orientation and texture; phase composition (including precipitation & particle size); and defect (pores and lack of fusion) distributions; (2) link the microstructure model to part-level (global) thermo-mechanical LMD process simulations to enable a direct coupling between continuum-scale stress-strain behaviour and the evolution of microstructural internal state variables; (3) validate the computational models through iterative, detailed and comprehensive experimental test programmes including in-line monitoring of melt pools, thermal transients, stresses and deformation; post-build, 3D scanning of part distortions; metallographic examination and CT scanning; and (4) demonstrate the predictive powder of the model on a complex part (curved substrate with angular features) incorporating two different superalloys with runtimes less than 5 days. This will be achieved through an ambitious numerical-experimental procedure leveraging design-of-experiments methodologies and iterative feedback between modelling activities and testing to develop a robust software system. SUPERMODEL contributes to the aims of the Clean Sky Engines ITD by providing experimental data and simulation tools that will enhance the reliability of additive manufacturing technology, thereby streamlining LMD part certification and qualification, minimises experimental trial-and-error along the way. SUPERMODEL will therefore make progress towards achieving the EC goal of moving from “Modelling-for-Industry” to “Modelling-by-Industry” which means shifting effort from laboratory- and RTO-centred activities to helping industry equip itself with advanced simulation tools.

Keywords: laser metal deposition,microstructure modelling,integrated computational materials engineering,inconel 718,additive manufacturing