Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Law and Ethics of War's Ending (LEWE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-19
End date: 2023-10-18
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The project LEWE will seek to develop a moral and legal framework within just war theory for ending wars, and in particular, asymmetric conflicts (for example between states and non-state actors). Just war theory has given little attention to these forms of conflict, or indeed how and when they should end.Currently, no moral theory of conflict termination yet exists. The proposed research is intended to offer such a theory. The first aim of the research will be to develop an account of legitimate goals in asymmetric conflicts, which must be considered in necessity, proportionality, and achievability determinations—just war theory’s crucial constraints on war-making. The research will then as a second aim develop criteria to evaluate whether military goals in asymmetric war are necessary, proportionate, and achievable. It will explore the idea that, in asymmetric wars, there need not be a particular point at which a state of hostilities immediately gives way to cease-fire or armistice. Instead it may be possible to identify an interval during which asymmetric wars should be brought to an end, by carefully applying the necessity, proportionality, and probability of success constraints to the goals of war. After deriving the termination framework, the research will assess how its recommendations can be incorporated into international law. This action has the potential to create a broader ethics of peacemaking, distinct from military standards and objectives, that would comprehend morally acceptable goals. Altogether, the current proposal combines the complementary strengths of the researcher and the host to establish the building blocks for a new moral and legal theory of ending asymmetric conflicts, the most prevalent form of war.

Keywords: law and morality of war,asymmetrical wars,proportionality,law on the use of force
Visualising Chromatin Structure and Dynamics at the Nanometre Scale with Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy (VCSD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recently, it has become evident that the spatial organization of chromatin within nuclei is a key factor that can regulate gene silencing and expression. This organization is particularly important in pluripotent stem cells that differentiate into all cell types of the body through chromatin remodelling coupled to altered gene expression. Therapeutic use of these cells demands precise control over chromatin structure to direct differentiation. However, chromatin structure remains poorly resolved due to the nanometre length scales involved and limitations of low spatial resolution, poor signal-to-noise and ensemble averaging in existing methods. VCSD utilizes cutting-edge super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) that overcomes these limitations. VCSD will, for the first time: 1) visualize global, 3D chromatin nanoscale structure in individual cells during differentiation; and 2) correlate the dynamics of local chromatin restructuring with the silencing of a central pluripotency gene. The proposed Marie Curie Fellow, Jason Otterstrom, PhD Harvard Biophysics, has extensive experience in fluorescence microscopy applied to biological systems. The host lab supervisor, Dr. Loza-Alvarez, is an expert in SRFM, at the Institute for Photonic Sciences, Barcelona. A secondment is planned in the lab of Dr. Cosma, an expert in the genetic mechanisms controlling pluripotency, at the Barcelona Center for Genomic Regulation. The combined expertise of the fellow and host labs is uniquely suited to establish VCSD as a novel framework for characterizing chromatin structure. The methodology developed is anticipated to be adopted by researchers in stem cell and chromatin biology fields, thereby reinforcing Europe’s global reputation in scientific innovation. The Fellowship will enable Jason to pursue applications of the chromatin structural metrics determined here as an independent biophysical researcher, with the long-term goal of commercializing a stem cell classification system.

Keywords: chromatin structure,super resolution fluorescence microscopy,pluripotent stem cells,cellular differentiation,correlative fluorescence imaging,3d fluorescence imaging
Camera Observation and Modelling of 4D Tracer Dispersion in the Atmosphere (COMTESSA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Austria,Norway
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-11-01
End date: 2021-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2800000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2726300.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

COMTESSA will push back the limits of our understanding of turbulence and plume dispersion in the atmosphere by bringing together full four-dimensional (space and time) observations of a (nearly) passive tracer (sulfur dioxide, SO2), with advanced data analysis and turbulence and dispersion modelling. Observations will be made with six cameras sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and three cameras sensitive to infrared (IR) radiation. The UV cameras will be built specifically for this project where high sensitivity and fast sampling is important. The accuracy of UV and IR retrievals will be improved by using a state-of-the art-3D radiative transfer model. Controlled puff and plume releases of SO2 will be made from a tower, which will be observed by all cameras, yielding multiple 2D images of SO2 integrated along the line of sight. The simultaneous observations will allow - for the first time - a tomographic reconstruction of the 3D tracer concentration distribution at high space (< 1 m) and time (>10 Hz) resolution. An optical flow code will be used to determine the eddy-resolved velocity vector field of the plume. Special turbulent phenomena (e.g. plume rise) will be studied using existing SO2 sources (e.g. smelters, power plants, volcanic fumaroles). Analysis of the novel campaign observations will deepen our understanding of turbulence and tracer dispersion in the atmosphere. For instance, for the first time we will be able to extensively measure the concentration probability density function (PDF) in a plume not only near the ground but also at high-er altitudes; quantify relative and absolute dispersion; estimate the value of the Richardson-Obukhov constant, etc. We will also use the data to evaluate state-of-the-art LES and Lagrangian dispersion models and revise their underlying parameterizations. COMTESSA’s vision is that the project results will lead to large improvements of tracer transport in all atmospheric models.
Space for Agricultural Innovation (AGRISPIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Italy,Germany,Italy,Ireland,Germany,Spain,Belgium,Finland,Romania,Sweden,Greece,Latvia,France,France,Netherlands,Denmark,Denmark
Call: Closing the research and innovation divide: the crucial role of innovation support services and knowledge exchange (H2020-ISIB-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-03-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1994306.75
EU funding (EUR): 1994306.25
Participants: 21
Project status: CLOSED

AgriSPIN: creating SPace for INnovation The project name reflects the overall aim of this project: to strengthen support systems in creating space for innovating farmers. Innovative farmers are everywhere, but their environment determines the rate of success. The project aims to create more space for innovations, through amplifying good examples of innovation support systems and through multi-actor learning about ways to stimulate innovation and remove obstacles. The main target group is intermediates who connect initiators to other actors for involving them in creating innovations, such as farmers, knowledge workers, actors in the value chain, administrators, civil society groups, etc.. 11 European project partners are playing this intermediate role in their regional AKIS. 4 scientific partners complete the team. Each regional partner will host a Cross Visit. The visiting team, composed of project partners, studies interesting cases of agricultural innovations. The scientists provide sound methodology for making these visits valuable. Throughout the project period partners support each other in an emerging professional innovation network. They inspire each other and initiate improvements in their own systems. The project also addresses the institutional environment, involving public managers, administrators and policy makers. Case studies and lessons learned are made available to a wider public. Attention will be given to cultural and historical particularities, requiring tailor made solutions for every region. The scientists explore lessons to be generalised and added to the scientific discourse on knowledge brokers. Once the approach of joint learning through Cross Visits has been well tested and the professional network is functional, the project is ready for collaboration with other partners such as thematic networks and operational groups under the EIP as well as other interested regions in joint learning about innovation support systems.

Keywords: innovation in agriculture,innovation support systems,innovation at farms,multi actor learning,joint learning,eip thematic groups,eip operational groups
Mumps VIRus EXploitation of the human adhesion receptor GPR125 (VIREX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-07-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1813367.0
EU funding (EUR): 1813367.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mumps virus is a re-emerging pathogen that causes painful inflammatory symptoms, such as parotitis (salivary gland infection) and orchitis (testis infection). It is highly neurotropic with evidence of brain infection in half of cases and clinical evidence in up to 10%. It is a small RNA virus belonging to the family of paramyxoviridae that includes e.g. viruses for measles and pneumonia, all having a huge impact on global economics and human health. Current vaccine programs have not managed to eliminate mumps and infections occur also in vaccinated individuals. Seven transmembrane (7TM) receptors are important drug targets. Large DNA viruses (herpes- and pox-) assign large parts of their genomes to exploit 7TM receptors. No such mechanism has however yet been described for small viruses. Based on strong preliminary data, I will in this interdisciplinary project test the groundbreaking hypothesis that the adhesion 7TM receptor GPR125 is central for the organ damage caused by mumps virus via an interaction with the mumps virus-encoded short-hydrophobic (SH)-protein. I will do so by determining: 1 - The functional consequences of GPR125-SH-interaction at a single cell, organ and whole body level within the context of mumps virus infection 2 - The structural requirements for the GPR125-mumps virus interaction using NMR and resolution of crystal structure in preparation for future drug design The project is high risk and high gain, yet the gain clearly exceeds the risk. On account of my past expertise in pharmacology and virology, and that of several expert collaborators, the project is indeed feasible. It has tremendous perspectives as SH-proteins are present also in other viruses. The SH-GPR125 complex might thus represent a general principle for organ damage and a mode of action more generally amenable to therapeutic interference. In fact, novel approaches, mechanism-based, might be seen as more appealing to those who fear current vaccination 'modes'.

Keywords: molecular pharmacology,ligand receptor interaction,adhesion receptor,severe infectious diseases,virus mediated diseases,anti viral drug therapy,epithelial integrity
Characterization and prediction of service-level traffic for future sliced mobile network (CORRELATION)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Network slicing is a key enabling technology for the 5th generation (5G) and beyond mobile networks. Network slicing allows the creation of multiple logical network instances on the same underlying physical network. Slices can then be formed or combined on-demand, with parameters optimized according to various service requirements so as to meet the users’ instant requests for specific mobile services. Hence, the performance of network slicing heavily depends on characterizing and predicting the spatial- temporal traffic patterns for individual services in near real-time. Research on characterization and prediction for service-level mobile traffic is still in nascence. Firstly, the traffic characteristics and predicting methods of individual services, especially the 5G services, have not been studied adequately. Secondly, traffic correlation among different services and the reasons behind it have not been well studied. Thirdly, inter-service correlations have not been well exploited in service-level mobile traffic prediction. In this project, we will address these gaps. Firstly, we will study the spatial-temporal characteristics of service-level traffic patterns at multi-scales, based on which, we will investigate the traffic predicting frameworks for individual services. Secondly, for the first time, we will investigate the traffic correlation among different services and try to discover the underlying reasons by analyzing the service usage profiles of different user groups. Finally, based on inter-service correlations, we will investigate whether we can improve service-level traffic prediction accuracy and whether we could execute prediction for diverse services according to the historical records of only a few key services. The success of the CORRELATION project will make proactive network slicing possible, which will then drive proactive network optimisation for 5G and beyond mobile networks.

Keywords: traffic characterization and prediction,sliced mobile network,big data analysis,machine learning
Polymer-Nanoparticle co-assembly for drug targeting and release kinetics: Investigation on Structure, Morphology, Responsiveness, and Nanoparticle distribution (SoftNanoHybrid)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-07-01
End date: 2021-02-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In recent years, co-assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) into block copolymer (BCP) aggregates is emerging as an active field of research, which considers the formation of mixed aggregates that combine synergistically the NP/BCP components to generate novel properties for advanced functional materials and applications. When NPs have been incorporated into the BCP micellar aggregates, various physical parameters e.g. distribution, the content, orientation, and localization of NPs in the polymeric matrix are extremely important, which play decisive roles in determining the characteristics and applications of the NP/BCP nanohybrid. In this proposal, we aim to investigate the morphological transformations of selected model BCP micelles in the presence of magnetic NPs of different size, shape, concentration and surface functionalization. Simultaneous encapsulation of the drug molecules controlled by the NP distribution and loading will provide critical information on the correlation of drug release with the physical parameters characterizing the polymer nanohybrids. We will also examine how the distribution of NPs within co-assembled structures is correlated with the parameters characterising the polymers and NPs. The drug release kinetics for selected nanohybrid systems will be investigated to rationalize the correlation between precise control of NPs localization/drugs loading with the drug release profile. Doxorubicin (Anti-cancer drug) containing BCP-NP nanohybrid will be formulated by solvent assisted dispersion technique. The drug release kinetics will be investigated by dialysis against tris buffer (pH 7.4/5.0) at 37oC.

Keywords: nanoparticle polymer co assemblie,self assembly,block copolymers,nanoparticles,responsive,assemblies,drug release,targeting
MOlecular Quantum Simulations (MOQS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Italy,Germany,Italy,Germany,Slovenia,Switzerland,Croatia,France,Netherlands
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-11-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3932383.68
EU funding (EUR): 3932383.68
Participants: 11
Project status: SIGNED

The European Training Network (ETN) "MOQS - Molecular Quantum Simulations" provides an international, interdisciplinary and intersectoral doctoral training of 15 early-stage researchers. The consortium of 8 academic, 2 non-academic beneficiaries, and 4 partner organisations has the expertise to prepare ESRs in the multiple disciplines required for the emerging field of quantum simulations of molecular structure and dynamics, at the crossroad of chemistry, solid-state and quantum optical physics, computer science, quantum information and quantum control. These are required for a large variety of possible industrial (e.g. catalysis-on-demand and drug design) as well as scientific (e.g., fully ab-initio and complete quantum mechanical description of complex molecular reactions) applications, requiring new scientific insight, new cross- disciplinary training courses and future experts. Thus MOQS’s research and training network will (i) address the need for a boost in quantum technologies through research on quantum simulations of molecular structure and dynamics, with potential mid-term impact on the chemical and pharmaceutical industries (ii) educate and train the future generation of quantum scientists specifically qualified in the application of quantum physics to technological and industrial needs. Its results will be widely communicated towards the scientific and non-scientific audience. MOQS has built-in mechanisms for shaping the future of doctoral training in quantum science.

Keywords: quantum simulations,superconducting circuits,rydberg atoms,molecular structure and dynamics,quantum chemistry
Quantum correlations in PT-symmetric photonic integrated circuits (QUAPT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-12-01
End date: 2023-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In 1998, one of the fundamental assumptions in quantum mechanics, that the Hamiltonian describing a quantum system has to be Hermitian, was overturned. The existence of an entire class of Hamiltonians that are non-Hermitian yet still possess real eigenvalues was discovered. These non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describe PT-symmetric systems, which are systems that are invariant under the combined operations of parity-inversion and time-reversal. Currently, it is still under debate what implications PT-symmetry has for quantum physics. Yet in photonics, PT-symmetry can be readily realized by a proper distribution of gain and loss in the system, making photonics the ideal platform for studying the physics of PT-symmetric systems. Indeed, various effects of PT-symmetry such as non-orthogonal eigenmodes, non-reciprocal evolution of light, and diffusive coherent transport have been demonstrated on a photonic platform, and inspired applications in lasers and optical diodes. So far, these photonic experiments have been purely classical and the full impact of PT-symmetry on the evolution of light is still unclear. Quantum evolution of light in PT-symmetric systems is completely unexplored territory with lots of new physics to be unravelled. Therefore, the objective of this proposal is to for the first time experimentally investigate the evolution of quantum states in non-Hermitian systems. In particular, the project will study the quantum evolution of multiple correlated photons injected in PT-symmetric integrated photonic structures fabricated using direct laser-writing technology. The aim is to investigate how modifying the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of the system influences photon correlations, expecting to demonstrate novel behaviour and unravel new physics. It is expected to find that quantum correlations fundamentally change: for example, correlated photons that should naturally bunch might anti-bunch, show a mixed bunching-antibunching, or even uncorrelated behaviour.

Keywords: pt symmetry,non hermitian physics