Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOACTIVE NANOCOMPOSITES FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS (NANOFACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 371166.7
EU funding (EUR): 371166.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bone has a remarkable capacity to heal. However, in some instances the amount of bone which is needed to heal exceeds its healing capacity. These cases arise following accidents, infection or surgery to remove cancerous tissue and they result in the need to perform approximately 600,000 surgical bone grafting procedures annually. These procedures have inherent disadvantages and so there is an urgent clinical need to develop a tissue engineering alternative to bone grafting. In this study an osteoconductive/osteoinductive nanoscaffold will be designed to retain growth factors with proven osteogenic potential within their structure. As such, relatively low doses of these expensive molecules can be retained at the bone defect site. The technology developed in this study has enormous potential to reduce the overall burden placed on patients and on European healthcare systems by reducing the costs involved in using Growth Factors in a variety of applications. To perform this work the Fellow will move from Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland to join a leading orthopaedic research group at one of Harvard University’s teaching hospitals where he will be trained in nanotoxicity testing, detection of growth factor release, cell loading and orthopaedic preclinical models. The Fellow has extensive knowledge in the field of biomaterials and orthopaedic research having trained at the AO Research Institute, Davos, Switzerland. However this fellowship will allow him to develop his knowledge in the field of biocompatibility testing. Knowledge developed in this area will be transferred back to Europe during the return phase of the fellowship. This knowledge will allow the Fellow to further refine the research carried out at Harvard. The goal of this research is to develop translational solutions to clinical problems. Indeed, the chance to work at Harvard would be hugely beneficial in developing direct links to clinicians at one of the world’s most prestigious Universities.

Keywords: orthopaedics,biomaterial engineering
Old-Field Recolonization: Incorporating Allee Effects and Disperser Behaviour into Complex Recruitment Kernels (ALLEEMOD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-07-02
End date: 2014-07-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231547.2
EU funding (EUR): 231547.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Environmental and socio-economic changes are causing increased levels of land abandonment worldwide, leading to noticeable changes in landscape cover. Throughout the European backcountry, forests and shrublands are spreading due to the decline of agricultural practices, pastoralism, etc. Importantly, when source populations are small or sparse, a positive relationship between population size and individual fitness (the so-called ‘Allee effect’) can severely restrict plant colonization process. This phenomenon is expected to be particularly crucial for plants dispersed by animal guts (endozoochores) because such seed dispersers are becoming progressively deficient. To simulate the complex process old-field colonization by endozoochores requires the combination of plant demography with rule-based and spatially-explicit modelling and animal movement. In this project we aim to comprehensively simulate the colonization process of old fields by animal-dispersed plants in humanized landscapes. Specifically, we aim to: 1) develop spatially-explicit, individual-based models that simulate the distribution and dynamics of both endozochores at the old field, as determined by the movement of their dispersers and seed retention times, the resulting seed rain, and the transition probabilities for key plant ontogenic stages, 2) To optimise the models by systematically comparing our simulation results versus the observed patterns of adult plants and seed rains and, thus, to indirectly identify potential missing processes or parameters in the models, and (3) Using extensive simulation experiments, to investigate the spatial and demographic consequences of contrasting realistic scenarios and to propose a general model for the colonization of old fields by animal-dispersed plants that accounts for potential Allee effects and the movements of dispersers.

Keywords: seed dispersal,old field,alle effects,endozoochory,fleshy-fruited plants,wood colonization,individual-based spatially explicit simulation models,recruitment kernels,pattern-oriented models
The cultural transfer and the diffusion of physical education and sport in Europe, 1918-1945: the Anglo-German case (CTDPES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231547.2
EU funding (EUR): 231547.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will explore cultural transfer between European states through a study of the diffusion, adoption and appropriation of physical education and sport. The period chosen for the study covers both the dramatic growth of ‘English’ sports in Germany and the less familiar influences of Germanic traditions of physical education in Britain. During the interwar period the governments of most European countries became involved in the ‘politising’ of sport and physical education, ranging from the formal incorporation of sports associations into the state in Germany to the informal ideology of national consensus in Britain. However, these internal political distinctions provide only a partial explanation of the pattern of European sport; the diffusion of ideas, practices and people was critically important and often challenged received ideas of ‘national’ stereotypes and traditions. The first part of the project focuses on the reciprocal German and British influences in two areas: the different models and policies for individual and competitive sport and the parallel process of mass educational and health reform through physical education derived from Germany. The second part examines the networks of co-operation and interchange between athletes, officials and the public across national frontiers in this period of rapid internationalisation that have been neglected and deserve full exploration as part of a wider understanding of the complex process of cultural transfer itself. The researcher has chosen the host university on the basis of its excellence in the interdisciplinary approach of Anglo-British issues and in consultation with her supervisor, who is a world-leading figure in the field. The realisation of this ambitious project requires a wide knowledge in European sports history and the capacity to use knowledge and methods from other disciplines such as political science, sociology and languages. The project’s main sources are located in Berlin and London.

Keywords: social history,cultural transfer,physical education,sport,europe,germany,britain,1918-1945
ADAPTATION KIT DESIGN & MANUFACTURING: APU DRIVING SYSTEM (STARTGENSYS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Romania
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 37.0
Total project cost (EUR): 402600.0
EU funding (EUR): 269600.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to design, manufacture, commissioning and validate of one complete driving system for a ground test bench intended to be used for aircraft starters/generators testing. The proposed system is complete and include one DC motor (120 kW) with associated power electronics, Human Machine Interface, Control System, Supporting Frame, High-speed Couplings, High-speed Transmission, Cooling circuit, Complete measurement System and Associtaed Software. In order to achieve a unitary test bench with low maintenance costs, we will implement innovative solutions based on the latest technologies in the fields of mechanical and electrical drives, mechanical transmissions, measurements and data processing. The proposed test bench will be able to testing EUTs (generator and/or starter/generator) in conditions similar to their use on aircraft. It will assure minimum energy consumption through energy recovery and its reintroduction in the process. The system will be environmental friendly, will use a reduced amount of oil and will have optimal mechanical regimes during service operation. Innovative aspects of the proposal are: mechanical transmission with high efficiency by using recess gear system and polygonal shafts; bidirectional and birotational speed multiplier with one output able to provide testing of EUT, both as a starter and generator, continuously and in conditions similar to their use on aircraft; use smart regenerative converters with high performance and high energy efficiency; non-contacting measuring of torques and speeds; use of specialized software for complete system configuration and management. The characteristics required by the Call for Proposal will be satisfied by those listed above.

Keywords: high speed drive,dc motor,starter/generator,test bench,eut
Design, Manufacturing and Impact Testing of Advanced Composite Materials (CARHAY2011)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149995.85
EU funding (EUR): 110591.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) are a composite material normally manufactured from a cloth weaved from carbon fibre cloth set within a thermoset resin. CFRP has an extremely high strength to weight ratio and will play a key part in the reduction of weight in aircraft structures and hence emissions. It has been proposed that the use of a nanofilled thermoset resin in the manufacturing of a structural CFRP panel may potentially lead to structural property enhancements (such as impact resistance) as well as to the occurrence of new functional properties (electrical, conductivity, flame retardancy). These enhancements are based on the specific nano filler chosen for the resin production. The primary objective of this research project is the demonstration of nanocomposites technology for structural and functional improvements in CFRP panels for use in aerospace applications. Working in conjunction with Haydale, a Welsh SME, two nanocomposite thermoset resins containing carbon nanotubes (CN) and graphene nano platelets (GNP) will be developed. The resin will then be used to manufacture a series of CFRP panels using Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM). The panels will then be impacted and then mechanically tested. An evaluation of the improvement in structural properties will be made and is the primary deliverable of the research programme.

Keywords: carbon nano tubes,composite materials
FIre resistant BIObased polyurethane foam for aircraft SEATing cushions (FIBIOSEAT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: France,France
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 198680.0
EU funding (EUR): 140777.25
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams are widely used in many industrial applications including automotive and aeronautics as fillers for seats, headrests etc. They are made from a reaction of two primary ingredients: an isocyanate and a polyol. Originally, these raw materials were derived from petrochemical feedstocks. The use of bio-polyols, i.e. derived from vegetable oils, as an alternative to standard polyols started around 2004 due to the rising costs of petroleum feedstocks and a growing concern for the environment. But, these bio-polyols can only replace a portion of the polyol part in the formulation and they need to be blended with petroleum-based polyols to maintain the foam physical and mechanical properties. Face to a growing demand for products based on renewable resources, foam manufacturers need to increase that ratio in the formulations while delivering the same foam quality. On top of that, foams used in the aircraft industry, for seat cushions for instance, need to pass highly stringent fire performance tests. It is well-known that the chemical nature of the polyurethane, its low density and the open cell structure cause this material to be highly flammable. In order to achieve high flame resistance requirements, polyurethane foams must be formulated with flame retardants. A multiplicity of flame retardants is known and commercially available for this purpose, like halogenated flame retardants. However, considerable toxicological reservations frequently stand in the way of their use and alternatives are expected. In the FIBIOSEAT project, AXYAL, an innovative SME specialized in the industrial transformation of plastics and composites which owns a leading edge expertise in PU foaming and fireproofing materials, proposes to develop a sustainable alternative for current flexible foams which will comply with aircraft’ fire resistance requirements while meeting the comfort and durability expectations of end users.

Keywords: polyurethane foam,aircraft,seating cushions,bio polyols,fire resistance
Active GUrney on Main Rotor blades (GUM)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 46.0
Total project cost (EUR): 455401.0
EU funding (EUR): 341550.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project pertains to the wind tunnel testing of an innovative helicopter rotor with Active Gurney Flaps on the blades. The experiments will be carried out in a facility highly specialised for helicopter model testing. The effects of the flap on rotor performances will be assessed in different operating conditions of the rotor, including both hover and forward flight conditions. A particular feature of the experimental set up will be the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. PIV will be used to carry out some flow field surveys over the blades in order to achieve a better physical insight into the flow behaviour. Moreover, an innovative technique, further developing some recent approaches purposed in the literature, will be used to reconstruct the pressure distribution over the blade section on the base of proper PIV surveys.

Keywords: wind tunnel,active control,helicopter
False Poverty: The Cultural, Political and Historical Implications of Literary Accounts of 'Social Passing' (FALSEPOVERTY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to examine the genre of 'social passing' in British writing from the late 1800s onwards. These are accounts written by those faking poverty to report upon the poor. The most important literary examination is in Cunningham’s 1988 British Writers of the Thirties, limited to one decade and but one strand of a larger critical analysis; the most important historical-anthropological work is Freeman and Nelson’s introduction to Vicarious Vagabonds, focusing above all on texts 1860-1910. This project, however, proposes an approach both more diachronic and more specific, focusing not only on literary and cultural implications of passing, but also on the reality behind accounts, moving from a purely text-based literary approach towards an interdisciplinary historical study. This project’s ultimate aim is an analysis of the cultural, political and historical implications of these accounts, focusing on their cultural impact on the twentieth-century literary scene, political implications, impact on political debate of the time, and influence on the general public’s perception of poverty, as well as on their historical implications, including the role played as historical sources, and the credibility of data and events reported. The project aims to use a mixture of textual criticism and archival and on-site research. It will focus on historical and political contexts of the writing of primary texts, and on issues related to the condition of the poor discussed (reports, statistics, documents related to voluntary relief activities, the treatment of the subject in newspapers, specialized journals, illustrations and cartoons). In a period of financial crisis and governmental interest in the welfare of the poor, understanding how the poor have been represented over the last century is invaluable; it is also worth examining the mechanisms whereby those self-describing as non-proletariat have related to the working class and tried to change or hide that relationship.

Keywords: english literature,social anthropology,social geography,social history
Biodynamic modelling of compartmentalised bioaccumulation of toxic metals by the clam Scrobicularia plana in European estuaries (BIOSCROBE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100185.9
EU funding (EUR): 100185.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The central objective of this project is to provide a scientific basis for the prediction of the ecotoxicity of toxic metals to local biodiversity in sediments of European estuaries subject to anthropogenic contamination. Measurements of accumulated metal concentrations in sediment-ingesting infaunal invertebrates can provide evidence on local sediment bioavailabilities of toxic metals, but such total body concentrations are not directly related to the predictive onset of ecotoxicological effects (Luoma and Rainbow, 2008) and cannot be used as such in risk assessments. Ecotoxicity, however, is related to the increased rate of accumulation of metal in a form that is entering the body faster than it can be detoxified or excreted (Rainbow 2002, 2007; Luoma and Rainbow, 2008). My aim is to extend the capabilities and the use of biodynamic modelling of metal bioaccumulation to make it possible: [1] to model the build up of such non-detoxified metal accumulated in a keystone European estuarine deposit feeder as a biomarker for ecotoxicity, [2] to enable the prediction of threshold bioavailabilities of trace metals in contaminated estuarine sediments that are of ecotoxicological significance, [3] to achieve a better scientific understanding of the mechanisms involved in sediment ecotoxicology . Achieving these three outcomes will put environmental risk assessments of sediment metal contamination of estuaries and other coastal areas onto a more scientific basis and thereby improve the monitoring capabilities of both the research community and environmental agencies. The extension of this technique and the insights that can be gained both in this project and through its wider use should contribute to the more effective implementation of environmental quality standards for different purposes – for example, those for sediments in the Water Framework Directive or those being developed by national agencies for dredged material management following the OSPAR recommendations.

Keywords: ecotoxicology,modelling (environmental risks),biogeochemistry
The interactions between turbulent penetrative convection and gravity waves: from laboratory experiments to geo- and astrophysical applications (COWAVE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158469.65
EU funding (EUR): 158469.65
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In many geo and astrophysical situations, a turbulent convective fluid layer is separated from a stably stratified one by a relatively sharp interface. Examples include the oceanic upper mixed layer and underlying pycnocline zone, the atmospheric convective layer and overlying stratosphere, the convective and radiative zones in stars. In classical models, stratified zones are often postulated to be motionless. But it has been recognized that gravity waves generated at the convective interface by turbulent motions could be of fundamental importance regarding momentum and energy transport through the stratified layer, with global consequences on the system evolution. Despite several studies, the current treatment of convectively generated gravity waves still presents major weaknesses. Indeed, their generation mechanism, their typical amplitude, their time and space frequency spectra, and the amount of energy and momentum that they carry remain largely unknown. Besides, the action of global rotation (omnipresent in natural systems) has not been accounted for. The purpose of this project is to go beyond the state-of-the-art in investigating these questions experimentally, using the most recent technics of flow measurements. Simplified set-ups will be developed at the laboratory scale, keeping the main physical ingredients of natural configurations, and addressing all their interactions and non-linearities simultaneously, which is barely accessible to theory and numerics. Generic laws will be derived and validated, before being applied to stars, oceans and atmosphere. This project is by its essence interdisciplinary, lying at the frontier between fluid mechanics and geo/astrophysics. From our original approach, we envisage to find new horizons regarding the dynamics of mixed convective/stratified systems, of direct interest for practical and fundamental applications (e.g. parameterization in general circulation models for weather predictions, model of the Sun interior).

Keywords: hydrodynamics,astrophysics,geophysics