Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Twelve Labours of Image Processing (TWELVE LABOURS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1837568.0
EU funding (EUR): 1837568.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

After a 15-year preparatory work, a group of mathematicians and computer scientists is ready to reconsider and formalize the main steps of image processing, and to devise a way to make them fully automatic. The project will conceive, revise or accelerate the dozen highly accurate algorithms necessary to establish a universal image processing chain, applicable to all raw digital images obtained from reflex or compact off-the-shelf cameras, and to all more specialized image generation systems, including a digital photon capture array (CCD or CMOS,...). The direct applications will be: - a fully autonomous image processing chain transforming any raw image into a distortion corrected and noise free visible image with optimal color and contrast. On line demo and C-code will be made available to the community; - a complete 3D image reconstruction system for an in-project Earth observation satellite (MISS project, Centre National d&apos;Etudes Spatiales). This Earth scanner will take stereo pairs of the Earth at 40 centimeters resolution, permitting to build highly accurate urban elevation models. - a camera based passive 3D reconstruction system with $\pi/40000$ angular precision competing with the best active short range 3D triangulation scanners. Getting a reproducible 1/20 pixel accurate image processing chain from raw photon sensor data to 3D reconstruction with fully unsupervised algorithms will be a major change of the discipline. The team has devised a new image statistical theory and invented several new mathematical processes dealing with image noise and projective invariant image matching. The team has strongly contributed to the world&apos;s most successful image processing company, DxO Labs, and to the image processing line of three Earth observation satellites.

Keywords: raw image denoising,demosaicking,mathematical camera calibration,subpixel accuracy,false alarm control,3d reconstruction
SUPERSYMMETRY: a window to non-perturbative physics (SUSY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1910092.8
EU funding (EUR): 1910092.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Supersymmetry provides an invaluable tool for quantitatively exploring a large variety of non-perturbative phenomena arising in gauge theories and gravitation. This proposal intends to exploit this fact to make significant progress on three important topics in theoretical physics, namely, black holes, strongly-coupled gauge fields, and instantons and supersymmetry breaking. Besides supersymmetry, there is a variety of cross-links between these topics, as well as joint applications. The specific objectives of the proposal are as follows. The first objective concerns the determination of supersymmetric black hole entropy for finite electric and magnetic charges, improving our understanding of critical aspects of the field-theoretic description of the entropy, in direct confrontation with the results based on the counting of microscopic states. The second objective is a construction of the exact spectrum of quantum strings moving in an anti-de Sitter space-time, which, according to the gauge-string correspondence, yields the spectrum of a corresponding dual supersymmetric gauge theory. Deforming the anti-de Sitter space will then lead to stringy descriptions of non-perturbative phenomena in a generic gauge theory with a confining phase. The third objective pertains to instantons and their implications for phenomenologically viable string compactifications on spaces with generalized geometries, which include background electric and magnetic fields. An instanton calculus will be developed to improve the understanding of non-perturbative string theory and its implication for moduli stabilization and supersymmetry breaking.

Keywords: black holes,gauge-string correspondence,quantum chromodynamics,instantons,string compactifications
The Role of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon molecules in the Universe (PAHS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2383980.0
EU funding (EUR): 2383980.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Strong emission features dominate the IR spectra of the interstellar medium of the Milky Way, galaxies in the local Universe and out to redshifts of ~3. These features are generally attributed to IR fluorescence of large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules pumped by UV photons. These species must be abundant, ubiquitous, and an important component of the ISM. However, despite extensive experimental and theoretical efforts, no specific PAH or even classes of PAHs have been unambiguously identified. Hence, we do not really know the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of these species and therefore cannot quantify their role in the Universe. I propose a highly interdisciplinary program combining observational, theoretical, and experimental studies to determine the IR emission characteristics of large PAH molecules, their origin and evolution, and their influence on the Universe around us. The proposed program will analyze interstellar PAH spectral maps obtained with Spitzer and ISO and relate the spatial variations in the spectral diversity to variations in the characteristics of the radiation field and the physical conditions of these regions that will be obtained with Herschel. This observational program will be aided by an innovative laboratory program that will measure the IR characteristics of large, astrophysically relevant PAH molecules in the gas phase and by a modelling program of the emission characteristics of these PAHs in space. In addition, the photochemistry of gaseous PAHs will be studied in the laboratory using novel techniques, allowing us to model the chemical evolution of PAHs and their reaction products in the interstellar medium. In this way, key astronomical questions involving interstellar PAHs can be addressed.

Keywords: laboratory astrophysics,astrochemistry,infrared spectroscopy
European-Chinese Research Staff Exchange Cluster on Marine Biotechnology (MARBIOTEC*EU-CN*)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 680400.0
EU funding (EUR): 680400.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Marine biotechnology is one of the most exciting emerging fields of technology. It becomes more and more important in many areas of application such as the production of new drugs, food ingredients, agrochemicals, and cosmetics. More recently, it was found that some products of marine organisms are also of extreme importance in the rapidly growing field of nano(bio)technology, another technology of the future. These developments have been recognized by the European Commission as well as by national funding organizations in Europe and in China, which included marine biotechnology and nano(bio)technology in their priority research programmes. Both the European Research Area (ERA) and China as one of the main players in the Asian-Pacific Research Area (APRA) are in the worldwide lead in marine biotechnology and nano(bio)technology regarding to the number of publications and patent applications. However, different sectors of these technologies are differently developed in Europe and China, suggesting that a combination of the complementary expertise in these sectors will be of benefit to both partners. The proposed international staff exchange programme is based on three institutions in Europe and four institutions in China (universities and research organizations including marine stations) with a number of top-ranked research groups in the field of marine biotechnology, drug discovery/natural products chemistry, biomineralization and material sciences / nanotechnology. The objective of the project is to create an efficient and successful programme for the transfer of knowledge between the partners by the exchange and training of staff (both early-stage researchers and experienced researchers) of the participating institutions. The goal is a lasting integration of the research capacities in the European Union and China in the multidisciplinary field of marine biotechnology/nano(bio)technology.

Keywords: marine biotechnology,nanobiotechnology,biomaterial engineering,biochemistry,molecular biology,biogeochemistry,sustainable exploitation
Sparse Sampling: Theory, Algorithms and Applications (SPARSAM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1839174.0
EU funding (EUR): 1839174.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Signal representations with Fourier and wavelet bases are central to signal processing and communications. Non-linear approximation methods in such bases are key for problems like denoising, compression and inverse problems. Recently, the idea that signals that are sparse in some domain can be acquired at low sampling density has generated strong interest, under various names like compressed sensing, compressive sampling and sparse sampling. We aim to study the central problem of acquiring continuous-time signals for discrete-time processing and reconstruction using the methods of sparse sampling. Solving this involves developing theory and algorithms for sparse sampling, both in continuous and discrete time. In addition, in order to acquire physical signals, we plan to develop a sampling theory for signals obeying physical laws, like the wave and diffusion equation, and light fields. Together, this will lead to a sparse sampling theory and framework for signal processing and communications, with applications from analog-to-digital conversion to new compression methods, to super-resolution data acquisition and to inverse problems in imaging. In sum, we aim to develop the theory and algorithms for sparse signal processing, with impact on a broad range of applications.

Keywords: sampling,image processing
Massive Sets of Heuristics for Machine Learning (MASH)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Cognitive systems, interaction, robotics
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Switzerland,France,Germany,France,Czechia,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3052268.0
EU funding (EUR): 2308999.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at developing new machine learning methods relying on very large number of hand-designed heuristics, together with statistical tools to facilitate the design of these heuristics in an open and collaborative framework.We define an heuristic to be any algorithm processing raw inputs to produce values relevant to the problem at hand. This purposely very general definition encompasses techniques spanning from simple signal processing to symbolic modeling or locally trained predictors. Since we assume high performance can only be achieved by combining hundreds of such heuristics, we propose to develop them collaboratively, in a way similar to the successful development process of open-source software or collaborative encyclopedia.We will assess the performance of that strategy on the control of an avatar in a realistic 3D simulator and on the control of a real robotic arm, and we aim at creating a generic software platform usable on alternative applications.Hence, the key aspects of this proposal are to:- develop novel statistical techniques for prediction and goal-planning with a very large heterogeneous set of features,- develop statistical tools such as similarity measures in the space of features to help the design of very large sets of heuristics by many contributors,- assess the efficiency of this approach on a series of complex tasks in a realistic simulated 3D environment and with a real robot arm.The five partners of the consortium are from the fields of applied and theoretical statistical learning, reinforcement learning, artificial vision and robotics.

Keywords: statistical learning,goal planning,computer vision
Functional Nanomaterials via Controlled Block Copolymer Assembly (FUNCA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1658544.0
EU funding (EUR): 1658544.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We outline an ambitious 5 year interdisplinary research programme that introduces a fundamentally new platform to the fabrication of nanoelectronic and liquid crystal devices, current areas of intense scientific and technological interest. The new approach involves the use of block copolymer micelles and block comicelles prepared by Crystallization-Driven Living Polymerization (CDLP) processes. This novel method allows unprecedented access to well-defined micelle architectures (with size control, narrow size distribution, and access to segmented structures that possess heterojunctions). Crosslinking will also be used to optimize micelle mechanical properties where necessary. The new platform offers very promising advantages over competitive methods for realising nanomaterials these include ambient temperature synthesis and solution processing, easy control of dimensions and aspect ratio, electronic properties, and semiconductor/semiconductor or semiconductor/dielectric junction fabrication. In addition, the use of hydrophilic coronas should, in principle, allow the self-assembly processes and subsequent manipulations to be performed in water.
Nanostructures for biology (NANOFORBIO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499091.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499091.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to employ our advanced capabilities for nanofabrication to explore new biology at the single-molecule and single-cell level. I choose to specifically address two directions of intense scientific interest: (i) With my team I will develop and exploit solid-state nanopores for the study of real-time translocation of individual biomolecules. In the past few years, my group has attained a leading position in this field and we want to apply our advanced knowledge to push the technology and use it to resolve some pressing questions in cell biology and biotechnology. Specifically, we will explore screening of DNA-protein complexes at the single-molecule level, and we will build biomimetic nanopores to address the physical mechanism of selection and controlled molecular transport of the nuclear pore complex. (ii) We will use nanofabrication to create well-defined landscapes for bacteria. This will allow biophysical studies of the interaction between bacteria and their habitat with an unprecedented control of the spatial structure and habitat parameters. I strongly believe that this approach constitutes a major new tool to experimentally address a number of fundamental issues in the ecology and evolution of bacteria for the first time in a controlled environment. Additionally, it opens up a way to explore the biophysics of bacteria in confined space, where we will study a new bacterial phenotype in nanofabricated slits which we recently discovered. While this research is primarily driven by the quest for understanding physical mechanisms in biology, it can also be expected to have profound impact on applications in antibiotics, gene therapy, and DNA sequencing.

Keywords: single-molecule biophysics solid-state nanopores nuclear pore complexes dna-protein complexes cells on chip bacterial ecology & evolution bionanoscience bionanotechnology synthetic biology
Interruption of protein-protein interaction and network to cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets (PPI-MARKER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172800.0
EU funding (EUR): 172800.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Protein-protein interactions are keys to executing important cellular functions. We hypothesize that gain or loss of protein-protein interactions plays important roles in carcinogenesis. We propose a network-based approach to biomarker discovery that uses protein-protein interactions and regulatory transcriptional networks. We will use prostate cancer and gliomas as models. Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among men in the developed countries. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive type of primary brain tumor and it GBM accounts for 52% of all primary brain tumor cases. Novel markers and therapeutic targets are still needed for these two cancers. We will be focusing on the androgen receptor protein-protein network in prostate cancer and TGF-beta mediated network in gliomas. Protein interactions will be extracted by text mining, from databases, and from structural data on protein complexes. To identify transcription factors and their targets in human, ChIP-Chip and ChIP-Seq experiments will be carried out. The resulting networks serve as a scaffold on which data of deregulated proteins derived from microarray and next-generation sequencing of patient cancer samples will be mapped. The perturbed subnetwork will be visualized with a new method that identifies and highlights network motifs and modules. Promising biomarker candidates will be further examined and validated experimentally. Where possible, candidates will be modelled using protein structural data on protein-protein complexes, providing the basis to design ligands that occupy binding sites in order to disrupt cancer-relevant interactions. Our proposal is highly innovative. We expect to identify key nodal points in the network, to which protein-protein interactions can be disrupted as a way to perturb or interfere with the network. These key nodal points will serve both as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords: protein-protein interaction,cancer biomarker,therapeutics target,computational systems biology
Bringing the artificial pancreas home (AP@HOME)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Towards sustainable and personalised healthcare
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Austria,Italy,Italy,France,Switzerland,United Kingdom,Austria
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 13639751.0
EU funding (EUR): 10499851.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of AP@home is to build and evaluate an artificial pancreas (AP) with automated closed loop glycaemic control for insulin treated patients with diabetes. AP systems require algorithms using blood glucose levels obtained via glucose monitoring for controlling subcutaneous insulin administration. First, well established subcutaneous continuous glucose sensors and insulin pumps will be combined to improve and verify the functionality of enhanced closed-loop algorithms. We will advance algorithm quality, improve sensors by bringing their accuracy below the desired 5% error level and add a remote hypoglycaemia alarm. Second, in parallel, two AP systems will be developed by combining an insulin pump and a sensor into a single device, using only one access point through the skin (“single-port”). Thereby the need to puncture the skin twice, once for the glucose sensor and once for the insulin infusion, can be avoided (“two-port”). If proven successful in computer simulations we will evaluate the best selected single-port system under clinical conditions. Deliverables include: description of more precise glucose sensing methods; description of system integration of the two-port and both single-port AP systems; validation of prototypes in the clinic and at home. In a multinational controlled trial AP performance will be compared with standard intensive insulin therapy in daily life. Impact of the project includes strengthened competitiveness of European industry across a complete value chain involving large, mid-sized and small companies, enabling Europe to lead progress in AP systems. Also, the project will put European research and clinical organizations in leading positions with an increased number of high-skilled jobs in the medical device industry. Finally, diabetes care will be simplified, quality of life of patients with diabetes will be improved and diabetes related complications and health costs will diminish in the long run.

Keywords: diabetes