Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary origins of complex ecological adaptations (ComplEvol)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-06-01
End date: 2020-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498275.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498275.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During evolution, organisms adapt to diverse environmental conditions by evolving new morphological and/or biochemical traits, some of which are of impressive complexity. This is for example the case of eyes, wings or complex biochemical pathways, which all involve multiple components. The evolution of such complex traits has always intrigued evolutionary biologists, including Charles Darwin, and is still only partially understood. How can natural selection on random mutations lead over time to novel complex ecological adaptations that allow organisms to thrive in diverse environments? This question will be addressed here by studying a species complex that presents exceptional variation in a key ecological adaptation, namely C4 photosynthesis. This trait results from multiple anatomical and biochemical components that function together to increase plant productivity in warm and dry environments. Capitalizing on a species complex of grasses that includes C4 as well as the ancestral C3 photosynthetic types and multiple intermediate states, the ComplEvol project will combine methods from different fields to infer (i) the history of mutations that generated components for C4 photosynthesis during the dispersal into different ecological conditions, (ii) the factors controlling the spread of these mutations among populations, (iii) the effects of these mutations on the properties of the encoded C4 enzymes, (iv) the effects of different anatomical and biochemical C4 components on the performance of the plants (fundamental niche), and (v) the relationships between these components and the distribution of individuals in contrasted environments (realised niche). The incorporation of these different dimensions of evolution and ecology will shed new lights on the processes that allow over time the emergence of major ecological novelties through the repeated action of natural selection on minor changes within populations.

Keywords: complex traits,evolution,phylogenetics,genomics,phylogeography,molecular ecology,biochemistry,plant physiology
Cognitive Semantics and Quantities (CoSaQ)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 67.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1457063.0
EU funding (EUR): 1457063.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

At the heart of the multi-faceted enterprise of formal semantics lies a simple yet powerful conception of meaning based on truth-conditions: one understands a sentence if one knows under which circumstances the sentence is true. This notion has been extremely fruitful resulting in a wealth of practical applications. But to what extent can it also account for the human linguistic behavior? The past decade has seen the increasing interaction between cognitive science and formal semantics, and the emergence of the new field of experimental semantics. One of its main challenges is the traditional normative take on meaning, which makes semantic theories hard to compare with experimental data. The aim of this project is to advance experimental semantics by building cognitive semantics, that is semantics founded on cognitive representations instead of normative logical abstractions. Numerical information plays a central role in communication. We talk about the number of students in a class, or the proportion of votes for a particular political party. In this project, I will focus on the linguistic expressions of quantities, known as quantifiers. Recent progress in the study of computational constraints on quantifier processing in natural language laid the groundwork for extending semantic theory with cognitive aspects. In parallel, cognitive science has furthered the study of non-linguistic quantity representations. This project will integrate formal models of quantifier semantics with cognitive quantity representations in order to obtain cognitive semantics of quantifiers, which is both logically precise and psychologically plausible. The theory will have significant repercussions, not only in the immediately related disciplines as semantics and psycholinguistics, but also beyond, e.g., in philosophy and in language technology.

Keywords: quantifiers,formal semantics,experimental semantics,logic,cognitive modeling
Amyloid imaging to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease – Sofia ref.: 115952 (AMYPAD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Innovative Medicines Initiative 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: IMI2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Spain,Switzerland,Sweden,Belgium,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Luxembourg
Call: Understanding the role of amyloid imaging biomarkers in the current and future diagnosis and management of patients across the spectrum of cognitive impairment (from pre-dementia to dementia) (H2020-JTI-IMI2-2015-05-two-stage, 2015)
Start date: 2016-10-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 27329288.0
EU funding (EUR): 11999886.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

Beta-amyloid (β-amyloid) deposition is considered to be a necessary - but not sufficient - step on the path towards Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Depiction of brain β-amyloid in vivo can support an early diagnosis, and even provide an opportunity for consider secondary prevention of AD. Currently, however, the value of β-amyloid PET remains elusive, reason why this procedure is typically not reimbursed. Understanding the value of imaging of β-amyloid using positron emission tomography (PET) provides a unique opportunity to achieve 3 major goals: 1) improve the diagnostic workup of patients suspected of AD and their management; 2) stratify risk for AD and select homogenous groups for intervention; and 3) quantify treatment effects more accurately. AMYPAD will address the above objectives by studying the onset, dynamics, and clinical relevance of brain β-amyloid in the spectrum from normal aging to preclinical and prodromal AD. We will use β-amyloid-PET in an unprecedented large number of subjects (n=4000) from population studies, as well as memory clinics cohorts, with repeat imaging in up to 2000. In close collaboration with EPAD (www.ep-ad.org), the cohorts will be followed with to determine (surrogate) outcomes of cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Lead from VU-VUmc, the Consortium brings together a word-class team of highly synergistic partners from across Europe constituting a highly experienced and efficient β-amyloid imaging network including the most active European PET sites, to ensure effective tracer delivery, access to patients and expertise to technical knowledge and disease modelling. AMYPAD will establish the true value of β-amyloid PET across the severity range of AD. Patients and clinicians will benefit from better and cost-effective diagnostic procedures and management, while academics and industry will benefit from better disease understanding, clear reimbursement strategy and more rationale and efficient clinical trial design.

Keywords: amyloid,alzheimer s disease,tracer delivery,disease modelling
Efficient CO2 conversion over multisite Zeolite-Metal nanocatalysts to fuels and OlefinS (COZMOS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Low-cost, low-carbon energy supply
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Saudi Arabia,Germany,Türkiye,China,Norway,Norway,France,United Kingdom,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Conversion of captured CO2 (H2020-LC-SC3-2018-NZE-CC, 2018)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2023-10-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4752386.25
EU funding (EUR): 3997163.75
Participants: 12
Project status: SIGNED

What if we were able to use CO2 and H2 from renewable energy sources as fuel and chemical feedstocks, and thus decrease CO2 emissions and displace fossil fuels at the same time? COZMOS will develop an energy-efficient and environmentally and economically viable conversion of CO2 to fuels and high added value chemicals via an innovative, cost effective catalyst, reactor and process. The concept will combine the sequential reactions of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol and methanol to C3 hydrocarbons, exploiting Le Chatelier's principle to overcome low equilibrium product yields of methanol. Complete conversion of CO2 to a 85 % yield of C3 hydrocarbons will be achieved by using an optimised bifunctional catalyst within a single reactor. The optimised catalyst will allow the combined reactions, that currently run at disparate temperatures and pressures, to operate in a temperature/pressure "sweet spot", which will reduce infrastructure and provide energy and production cost savings. The concept will allow tunable production of propane, an easily stored fuel used for heating, cooking and transportation, and the more valuable product propene, a base chemical primarily polymerised to lightweight plastics, depending on location, amount of available renewable energy and economic needs. The integrated technology will be demonstrated at TRL5 on off-gases from the energy intensive steel and refinery industries. Markets for both propane and propene are expected to grow in the coming years, such that the COZMOS technology will contribute to achieving a Circular Economy and diversified economic base in carbon-intensive regions. Throughout the whole value chain development, emphasis will be placed on risk-mitigation pathways and strong industrial involvement, LCA and techno-economic analysis to maximise further exploitation and industrialisation of the results. Specific attention will be paid to social acceptance, including analysis of stakeholder and end-user interests.

Keywords: co2 conversion,bifunctional,catalyst,nanocatalyst,zeolite,process,social assessment,propane,propene,high conversion,reactor design,single reactor,co2 to methanol,methanol to olefins
Tools for the Design and modelling of new markets and negotiation mechanisms for a ~100% Renewable European Power Systems (TradeRES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: A single, smart European electricity grid
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Finland,Norway,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Research on advanced tools and technological development (H2020-LC-SC3-2019-ES-SCC, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2024-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3988713.75
EU funding (EUR): 3988712.5
Participants: 10
Project status: SIGNED

Tools for the Design and modelling of new markets and negotiation mechanisms for a ~100% Renewable European Power System The objective of this project is to develop and test an innovative electricity market design that can meet society’s needs in a (near) 100% renewable power system. Such a long-term sustainable market design needs to provide efficient operational and investment incentives for an electricity system that is characterized by a high share of variable renewable energy sources, that is highly integrated with sectors such as home heating and cooling and transport, and needs to provide efficient incentives for the participation of all demand, from households to industrial consumers. It needs to provide security of supply by ensuring sufficient controllable electricity generation capacity without becoming too costly. And despite the variability of solar and wind energy the price risk must be limited: for investors, so the cost of capital does not become too high, and for consumers so they are not exposed to unmanageable swings in their energy expenses. In this project, a market design will be developed that meets these objectives. It will be tested in a sophisticated simulation environment in which real-world characteristics such as actors’ limited foresight into the future and risk aversion are included. The performance of the market design - with respect to quantitative indicators such as security of supply, average costs to consumers and investment cost recovery - will be compared to a benchmark calculation of an optimal power system, which will also be developed in this project. We will involve representatives of all key stakeholder groups - consumers, large and small power generators, network operators and government in all phases of the process, in the market design as well as the development of the optimization and simulation models, in order to ensure the social acceptability of the research process and outcomes.

Keywords: market design and models,100 renewable electrical power systems
Heavy metal free emitters for new-generation light sources (MEGA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Armenia,Ukraine,Germany,Germany,Taiwan, Province of China,Malaysia,Lithuania,Belarus,Lithuania,France,France,United Kingdom,Luxembourg
Call: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1633000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1614600.0
Participants: 17
Project status: SIGNED

Organic heavy metal free fluorescent materials show exceptional potential for use in new-generation light sources, such as organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) and organic lasers. It is anticipated that these new materials will enable organic electronic devices to be constructed with higher efficiency, simpler device structures, lower fabrication costs, and reduced environmental impact. Amongst the different types of materials currently being investigated, two show particular promise: • Fluorescence materials exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) for use in OLEDs in displays and lighting devices . • Fluorescent materials with low thresholds for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) for use in organic lasers in spectroscopy and telecommunication . However, in order to develop these materials for commercial industrial use, several challenges still remain to be overcome, including: • Theories explaining TADF and ASE are still in their infancy. • Organic material samples need to be extremely pure (>99.5%). Consequently, new synthesis routes need to be developed. • TADF emitters for OLEDs have lifetimes that fall well short of industry requirements. • Fluorescence emitters for lasers need high available optical gain, solution processability and narrow emission spectra with high efficiency. • Properties of TADF and lasing materials are very sensitive to structural changes. Thus, the overall goal of the MEGA project is to help develop organic heavy metal free fluorescent materials for commercial use by tackling these challenges. In order to develop the new materials, the following S&T objectives will be targeted: • Objective 1: Screen compounds with TADF or lasing properties by means of molecular modelling • Objective 2: Synthesise most promising compounds with TADF or lasing properties • Objective 3: Characterise most promising compounds with TADF or lasing properties • Objective 4: Test materials in device structures to meet industry requirement

Keywords: organic heavy metal free fluorescent materials,thermally activated delayed fluorescence tadf,amplified spontaneous emission ase,displays and lighting devices,organic lasers
Programming Sensory regulation of Metabolism (PRiSM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2025-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Sensory perception has recently emerged as a master regulator of integrative physiology and behavior, including feeding, by controlling fundamental and pleiotropic regulatory processes of energy and glucose homeostasis. Further, sensory perception is altered in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and childhood obesity correlates with early sensory deficit. Along this line, the discovery of the developmental origins of health and diseases revealed that metabolic diseases have recognized roots in the very early stages of life and can be predisposed to by changes in the perinatal hormonal and nutritional environments, such as occur in cases of maternal obesity and unhealthy diet. In this context, an accumulating body of evidence suggests that maternal health and nutrition could negatively impinge on the development of sensory perception, and subsequently, on the lifelong regulation of sensory-dependent control of metabolic, physiological, and behavioral regulatory processes. This innovative research program consists of four autonomous but complementary projects aimed at (1) deciphering the exact central regulatory processes mediating sensory control of feeding behavior and glucose homeostasis, (2) uncovering the influence of maternal health and nutrition on lifelong sensory regulation of metabolism, and (3) & (4) investigating two independent, yet synergistic, mechanisms that could mediate developmental programming of sensory metabolic regulation. This research program will employ a technology framework of physiological, behavioral, and developmental analyses in mice in concert with state-of-the-art systems neuroscience approaches, including optogenetics, chemogenetics, and in vivo calcium imaging. Collectively, the overarching goals of this research program are to provide new insights into the precise regulatory processes of sensory metabolic regulation and to shed light on critical basic mechanisms underlying the developmental programming of metabolic diseases.

Keywords: obesity,developmental programming,feeding behaviour
DIOR: Deep Intelligent Optical and Radio Communication Networks (DIOR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Ukraine,China,Finland,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-12-01
End date: 2025-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1932000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1633000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

Communication networks play a vital role in the technological infrastructure underpinning Internet traffic applications. Service providers and researchers worldwide are sparing no effort to increase the information capacity and security of telecommunication networks to support the demands of high-speed, reliable and secure emerging internet, data centre, cloud computing, 5G new radio and IoT systems, especially since the outbreak of Coronavirus. Applications such as intelligent transportation, signal processing ubiquitous low-latency connectivity and massive connected objects, have raised challenges for backbone and access networks that are often underpinned by optical, radio or hybrid networks. Artificial intelligent (AI) technologies appear an innovative and promising solution to cope with emerging challenges in optical/wireless/hybrid networks, in which the underlying physics, mathematics and optimisation of problems are non-deterministic to analyse or impossible to describe explicitly. In this proposed research, supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning techniques such as neural networks, clustering and regression will be exploited in optical/wireless/hybrid networks to mitigate stochastic distortions, to predict network conditions and to maximise network capacity. This DIOR proposal aims to unite optical/radio network research and AI technologies for tackling emerging challenges. This project aims to carry out world-leading research on building a machine learning-based communication platform to accelerate secure, intelligent and high-capacity communication networks.

Keywords: optical communication networks,radio access networks,artificial intelligence,machine learning