Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
MULTIFUNCTIONAL SELF HEALING ELASTOMERS (MUSHE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-21
End date: 2016-05-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 243847.8
EU funding (EUR): 243847.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of MUSHE is to develop, for the first time, Natural Rubber compounds with self healing properties, following the intrinsic self healing approach based on reversible bonding and by the inclusion of conductive nanoparticles. In this sense, both mechanical and electrical functionalities can be restored. Special attention will be paid to the overall molecular dynamics of these materials, which can be monitored due to the nanosized conductive fillers. It is believed that a systematic research on the relaxation behavior of these elastomers will help to elucidate the role of the key healing parameters (healing time and temperature). The new insight into the role of both the network structure and the cross-linking system by means of dielectric processes will be useful in controlling self healing properties of all elastomeric self healing systems to be developed in the future. The approach proposed in MUSHE is expected to result in new elastomeric products across a broad cross section of industries including transport and electronics within a period of 10 years. The concept of the current proposal exceeds the intentions of current research projects on self-healing elastomers in its ambition to restore two (rather than one) functionalities as well as to monitor in-situ the healing process at a scale close to the relevant molecular processes. The complementary expertise of the Applicant and the Host institute provide an optimal combination to reach the goals set in this proposal.

Keywords: elastomers,self healing,natural rubber,graphene,intrinsic,reversible bonding,conductive nanoparticles
The transfer of connected speech behaviours: external sandhi and glottalization in English-accented German (TRASANGLOTT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aims of the project are to analyze: 1) the extent and nature of external sandhi and of glottalization of word-initial vowels in English-accented German as compared to native English productions, in relationship to prosodic boundaries and adjacent segments, 2) the influence of external sandhi and of glottalization on word recognition by English and German listeners, 3) the influence of external sandhi and of glottalization on the perception of phrase boundaries by English and German listeners. External sandhi consists in the modification of sounds at word boundaries in connected speech, and it is reported in English and German. Glottalization ceases or modifies phonation by compressing the vocal folds. In German, an abrupt glottalized onset to phonation is frequent in front of word-initial vowels. In English this is less frequent and more likely to occur at phrase boundaries. The interplay between external-sandhi and glottalization is not clear: glottalizations are supposed to take place in absence of external sandhi, but articulatory gestures related to both phenomena can co-occur. I will build on my previous work on glottalizations, which showed the extent to which word boundary glottalization is transferred in language learning and actively used in perception. External sandhi, which is more common in English, can be “blocked” by glottalization: so English-accented German will be compared to English. Acoustic analysis will be accompanied by articulatory analysis in order to detect a possible co-occurrence of both phenomena. Perception experiments with manipulated speech will be carried out with native English and German listeners, to test the influence of glottalization and of external sandhi on word recognition and on the perception of phrase boundaries. This is the first extensive investigation of the interplay between external sandhi and glottalization in relationship with prosodic boundaries by means of articulatory, acoustic and perceptual analysis.

Keywords: second language,external sandhi,glottalization,speech perception,speech production,language transfer,connected speech
Optimising the use of lichens as biomonitors of atmospheric PAHs (POPLAIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a large group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which have received increased attention in recent decades in air pollution studies due to their carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Air monitoring of PAHs is performed measuring compounds in the particulate- and gas-phase of air using active air samplers, which show several constraints, notably: a) reflect a short-term indicator that varies considerably in space and time; b) samplers are expensive and require physical installation and energy supply, meaning that less samplers can be installed; c) don’t provide information on the long-term impact on ecosystem. To overcome these constraints, Directive 2004/107/EC recommends the use of other monitoring methods, notably biomonitors (living organisms), to complement data and to assess spatial deposition of PAHs. Biomonitoring methods have been developed during the last decades for this purpose. Within biomonitors, lichens (symbiosis between fungi and algae) are the most used organisms to monitor atmospheric deposition of several air pollutants. However, one of the main drawbacks of using lichens to monitor atmospheric PAHs has been reported as the impossibility to translate PAH values in lichens into the atmospheric equivalents ones, in order to use this information for regulatory purposes. Moreover, it’s still missing an understanding of the mechanisms through which lichens intercept and accumulate PAHs, as well as a calibration between PAHs in lichens and in vapor- and different particulate-phases of air. It’s also missing a critical level for PAHs in lichens – lowest level that will affect lichen structures and functions, which will be valuable when identifying areas with high ecological/environmental risk. POPLAIR aims to fulfill these gaps of knowledge and to study the feasibility of introducing lichens in the market as a well-known tool to be applied in environmental monitoring assessments.

Keywords: biomonitors,lichens,air pollution,ecology,persistent organic pollutants,calibration,ecotoxicology
Tolerance to HEAT stress induced by climate change in the seaGRASS Posidonia oceanica (HEATGRASS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 249242.8
EU funding (EUR): 249242.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Climate change is increasing in the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events during European summers. Heat waves are enhancing the water thermal stratification in the Mediterranean Sea with dramatic consequences for coastal ecosystems. As a consequence of these heat waves, it has recently been predicted that Posidonia oceanica meadows could be functionally extinct by the middle of this century. However, there no exist evidences of this cause-effect relationship and almost nothing is known about the tolerance capacity of this seagrass species to warming. There is, therefore, an urgent need to determine the resilience and acclimation capacity of the species for the conservation of these valuable ecosystems, the functions, and the services they provide. The general objective of this research is to find out how sporadic extreme heat events will affect P. oceanica meadows, and to forecast how they will respond under the effects of climate change along the European Mediterranean coasts. To this end, the present project will be based on mesocosm experimentation and will combine novel transcriptomic and ecophysiological approaches for a comparative analysis of plants from contrasting thermal regimes. The main specific objectives are: i) to determine and analyse on an integrated approach the stress responses and tolerance mechanisms of P. oceanica over the course and recovery period of a simulated heat wave, ii) to identify specific genes associated with the tolerance and resilience of the species to heat stress, iii) to compare whether genotypes from thermally contrasting depths of a population differ in their tolerance and resilience to warming, and iv) to compare whether populations from thermally contrasting localities differ in their tolerance and resilience to warming. Findings will represent a substantial and novel contribution to the capacity of the species to adapt to global warming particularly useful to adopt decisions in management and conservation policies

Keywords: posidonia oceanica,heat waves,heat stress,tolerance,resilience,ecophysiology,transcriptomics,ecogenomics,mediterranean sea,genotypes,populations,mesocosm system,conservation,management
Marine Ecosystem Stability and Turnover (MAREST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 282109.2
EU funding (EUR): 282109.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Modern sea-level and climate changes have a strong potential to shift biological communities into novel states that have not present-day analogues, leaving ecologists with no observation basis to predict the likely biotic effects. The fossil record can offer examples of long-term biotic responses to past environmental changes, if portrayed in an appropriate time environmental framework. Project MAREST will use an integrated field-based and analytical approach that combines for the first time sequence stratigraphy and palaeoecology – the core disciplines of Stratigraphic Palaeobiology - and geochemistry, to answer the following questions: (i) how do marine benthic communities respond to cyclic sea level changes? (ii) Do communities continuously change through time or alternate intervals of stasis and turnover? (ii) What is the relationship between the stratigraphic architecture and environmental perturbations that cause turnover? Whereas similar questions have been addressed for Palaeozoic and Caenozoic fauna, no attempt exists for the Mesozoic, a fundamental period in the history of life. The project will focus on the Middle-Upper Jurassic of the Western Interior (USA), where macro-invertebrate rich, onshore-offshore sections, can be followed between and within third- (1-10my) and second-order depositional sequences (100ky-1my) and parasequences (10-100ky). The project will (i) be the first study to test the role of sea level and environmental changes in shaping the structure and diversity of shallow water benthic communities in the Mesozoic; (ii) bridge current research in Stratigraphic Palaeobiology and stable isotope geochemistry; (iii) create a novel collaboration between the University of Georgia Stratigraphic Lab (USA) and the Centre for Research in Earth Science at Plymouth University (UK); (iv) bring back to Europe unique research expertise in Stratigraphic Palaeobiology and quantitative data analysis that will contribute to the ERA excellence.

Keywords: sea-level,climate change,fossil record,sequence stratigraphy,palaeoecology,geochemistry,stratigraphic palaeobiology,jurassic,benthos,bivalve,belemnite
Demographic and Selective effects on the Quantitative Genetics of Ninespine Sticklebacks (QGEN-DS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2017-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268268.4
EU funding (EUR): 268268.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to use the ninespine stickleback as a model to understand the relative importance of natural selection and random demographic events in shaping the evolution of ecologically relevant complex traits; harness the demographic history of the stickleback to detect complex genetic interactions affecting complex traits; improve the empirical understanding of the genetics of complex traits, and explore the effect of copy number variation (CNV) on complex traits. I will employ the latest genomic technologies to produce a panel of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to map Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). I will test the effects of selection and demographic history with Qst-Fst analysis, to determine which genomic regions are subject to selection across populations and which ones have population specific effects. Identifying population specific QTL will allow improving our empirical understanding of how QTL interact with their genetic background, providing novel insight to understand context-dependent genetic effects. I will use the data generated for QTL mapping to detect the presence of CNV, and I will test the relative importance of this kind of genetic variability in the establishment of quantitative traits variability. These results are expected to significantly impact on our current understanding of the distribution of adaptive variation in the wild, and lead to significant advancements in the theoretical framework of adaptive quantitative genetics. In addition, these results will have a direct impact in informing selective and breeding practices of domesticated animals and plants, to balance the need of preserving genetic variability while allowing for an efficient genetic and phenotypic response to artificial selection. It will also provide us greater knowledge to effectively manage endangered species fragmented in disjointed populations which are simultaneously facing both genetic diversity loss and anthropic and climate change selection.

Keywords: quantitative genetics,demography,selection,genomics,qst,fst,cnv,stickleback
Desistance from crime by restorative justice practices in prisons. A qualitative comparative research between the UK and Belgium. (DESISTANCE IN PRISON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over the last fifteen years, proactive interest in Restorative Justice can clearly be observed at policy level within many European countries and within European institutions such as the Council of Europe and the European Union. While the implementation of restorative justice practices in Europe has essentially been victim-oriented, it is now increasingly focused on the moral and social rehabilitation of the offender. The capacity of restorative justice interventions to impact positively on offenders desisting from crime opens new perspectives for these practices in prisons - an area which has been very little researched. Moreover, prisons differ significantly from other social institutions in which restorative justice has been practised. Prison environments induce deprivations or 'pains' - negative psychological effects - and have their own specific culture and structures that influence their practices and the behaviour of all those present. The further development of restorative justice practices in prison designed to link to moral rehabilitation and desistance from crime, need to be created in relation to the institution's structural and cultural elements. This research proposal concerns the relationship between restorative justice practices taking place in prison and these cultural and structural elements that form the prison's essential dynamic between the institution and its inhabitants. The research seeks to identify and theoretically explain the interaction between the two and hence to inform the continuing expansion of restorative justice practices in prisons within both the Anglo-Saxon and mainland European traditions.

Keywords: desistance from crime - restorative justice practices - prison studies qualitative comparative research between the uk and belgium
VAD-Patient interaction: from rest to exercise (VAD AND EXERCISE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-05
End date: 2016-08-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169800.0
EU funding (EUR): 169800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Heart failure is the first cause of death in industrialized countries. Despite the use of medical therapy a certain percentage of patients (PTs) will progress to end stage heart failure. In this case the ventricular assist device (VAD) is a viable therapy that nowadays is used increasingly not only as a bridge to transplantation, but also as destination therapy and as a bridge to recovery. Therefore, there is a clinical need to understand how to estimate and modulate the optimal level of support (VAD rotational speed) to be provided according to PTs’ activity (resting, standing up, bicycle riding etc). This project is aimed at studying the effects of VAD speed modulation on PTs’ hemodynamics during physical activity (PA) and to compare them with a fixed VAD speed. To this aim clinical data will be acquired before and during VAD implantation surgery. Then two follow-ups will be organized to acquire data on VAD PTs performing different levels of PA at constant vs. manually increased VAD speed. Besides, due to the complexity of the issue involving both cardiovascular and respiratory variables, a computational cardio–respiratory simulator will be developed. It will be able to reproduce beat-to-beat PTs’ specific hemodynamic and respiratory condition (in terms of heart rate, flows, pressures, O2 and CO2 saturations, vascular resistances etc), at rest and during PA including the effects of VAD support. The present clinical study may contribute to improve VAD therapy with benefits on both PTs’ quality of life and on possible PTs’ improvements/recovery. Besides, the simulator will be a user friendly tool exploitable as a clinical support for VAD therapy optimization and PTs clinical management improvement. Moreover the simulator will be exploitable as a training tool for clinicians, VAD technicians, nurses etc. It will be also a computational test bench where different VAD speed modulation strategies (also from VAD manufacturers) can be simulated and tested.

Keywords: cardiovascular model,cardio-respiratory interaction,ventricular assist device,physical activity,lumped parameters model,heart rate variability,chronic heart failure,vad speed modulation
The circulation of naturalistic knowledge in Modern Europe (1500-1850): a micro analytical perspective (CIRCKNOW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to give new tools and new techniques to give a better understanding of Cultural Heritage that in this case is meant as the botanical and scientific knowledge of the past, through the combination of cultural history, history of science and landscape history analysed from a micro historical point of view. The project brings together a young researcher, trained in a multidisciplinary group (LASA, Laboratory of Archaeology and Environmental History – University of Genoa) through an historical – geographical approach in the study of botanical iconography, and a prestigious research group from the University of Nottingham with the expertise of the landscape history, cultural and historical geography and environmental history of north west Italy, to develop a new methodology combining different disciplines together to study the circulation of naturalistic knowledge. Scholars from different academic background have tended to examine these sources in light of the current spirit and essence of their own discipline. The current fields of research can be roughly divided into in at least four separate areas: botanical, historical, art historical and linguistic. However, the nature of these threads of research do not place emphasis on the contextualization such as landscape, geography, production of the object such as its who and how it was made are lacking. These four and separate disciplinary approaches are rigorous but lack the focus and illumination which a fully multidisciplinary approach can provide and each fails to provide contextualization which gives meaning and coherence to the study. The botanical, historical, art historical and linguistics researches are essential but not sufficient and this research, and the funding sought are essential to bring about this much needed refocus so as to complete our understanding of Naturalistic Cultural Heritage in this field.

Keywords: circulation of naturalistic knowledge,micro history,historical geography,landscape history,environmental history,herbals,botanical iconography,ethnobotany