Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Molecule-to-man pain network (PAIN-Net)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Italy,France,Netherlands,United States,United Kingdom,Denmark
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-02-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3335316.12
EU funding (EUR): 3335316.12
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

Neuropathic pain affects 5% of the general population and 40% of patients with neurological diseases, and has a key role in the pathophysiology of cancer pain that affects up to 50% of patients in the early disease stage and 30% of survivors, causing an enormous social burden. Treatments are inadequate with less than 50% of patients achieving 50% of pain relief at best, while up to 30% of cancer pain patients experience insufficient analgesia. Signatures of individual susceptibility to pain and analgesic responsiveness are urgently needed to improve patients’ management. Such advances are expected to originate from integrated clinical, basic science and entrepreneurial research readily translating scientific findings into benefits for patients. To consolidate these aims, a new generation of scientists with wide knowledge in neuropathic pain, focused research skills and experience in the interaction with biotechnology companies is needed. The PAIN-Net programme, based on a highly innovative platform of training-through-research and strongly committed to such objectives, will support such talented and inspired early stage researchers. Their research projects, embedded in an advanced molecule-to-man pain network, will contribute to better understanding individual susceptibility to pain and analgesics responsiveness based on next generation sequencing, whole exome sequencing, epigenetics and pharmacogenomics studies, nociceptor and sodium channel functioning based on biophysics and proteomics studies, targeted analgesics based on high-throughput screening, targeted analgesic delivery based on encapsulated cell bioreactor implants, and to the development and extensive characterisation of the first knock-in mouse models of sodium channel-related neuropathic pain based on the CRISP-Cas technology. Most of all, the PAIN-Net programme will offer the unique opportunity to enhance scientific capabilities and prepare to high level academic or private applied research career.

Keywords: neuropathic pain,cancer pain,painful neuropathy,microneurography,sodium channels,pain,genetics,animal models,high throughput screening,drug delivery
Creating an Alternative umma: Clerical Authority and Religio-political Mobilisation in Transnational Shii Islam (ALTERUMMA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: Sweden,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1952373.99
EU funding (EUR): 718561.63
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

This interdisciplinary project investigates the transformation of Shii Islam in the Middle East and Europe since the 1950s. The project examines the formation of modern Shii communal identities and the role Shii clerical authorities and their transnational networks have played in their religio-political mobilisation. The volatile situation post-Arab Spring, the rise of militant movements such as ISIS and the sectarianisation of geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East have intensified efforts to forge distinct Shii communal identities and to conceive Shii Muslims as part of an alternative umma (Islamic community). The project focusses on Iran, Iraq and significant but unexplored diasporic links to Syria, Kuwait and Britain. In response to the rise of modern nation-states in the Middle East, Shii clerical authorities resorted to a wide range of activities: (a) articulating intellectual responses to the ideologies underpinning modern Middle Eastern nation-states, (b) forming political parties and other platforms of socio-political activism and (c) using various forms of cultural production by systematising and promoting Shii ritual practices and utilising visual art, poetry and new media. The project yields a perspectival shift on the factors that led to Shii communal mobilisation by - analysing unacknowledged intellectual responses of Shii clerical authorities to the secular or sectarian ideologies of post-colonial nation-states and to the current sectarianisation of geopolitics in the Middle East - emphasising the central role of diasporic networks in the Middle East and Europe in mobilising Shii communities and in influencing discourses and agendas of clerical authorities based in Iraq and Iran - exploring new modes of cultural production in the form of a modern Shii aesthetics articulated in ritual practices, visual art, poetry and new media and thus creating a more holistic narrative on Shii religio-political mobilisation.

Keywords: transnationalism,diaspora,cultural production,islam,middle east,europe
Intelligent bulk MAterials for Smart TRanspOrt industries. (MASTRO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Advanced materials
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Italy,Germany,Italy,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,France,France,Portugal,United Kingdom,Portugal,Portugal,United Kingdom
Call: Architectured /Advanced material concepts for intelligent bulk material structures (H2020-NMBP-2017-two-stage, 2017)
Start date: 2017-12-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5940666.28
EU funding (EUR): 5940666.28
Participants: 19
Project status: CLOSED

MASTRO Project aim is to develop intelligent bulk materials for the transport sector based on the novel concepts like self-sensing, self-deicing, self-curing, self-healing and self-protection methodologies to increase consumer safety, component life-span and performance while reducing maintenance and manufacturing costs. The functionality of the developed components will be demonstrated under relevant conditions at prototype level for the aerospace, automotive and transport transport networks. These developments will be supported by theoretical material models to capture the self-responsive functionalities. The outputs of the Project will consist of numerous applications in these sectors. The matrices addressed consist of lightweight polymer composites like glass/carbon fibre reinforced polymers and thermoplastic materials (including melt-spinning for textiles used in the transport sector) together with asphalt and concrete formulations incorporating electrical carbon-based conductive nanomaterials. These self-responsive functionalities are based on two physical phenomena: piezoresistivity and Joule effect. The aim of self-responsiveness properties can be summarized as follows: Self-sensing: to confer to the intelligent components the ability to monitor/store data about its own condition in terms of vibrations, defects, fatigue, creep and strain. Self-deicing: to avoid the ice layer formation or the loss of performance due to cold weather. Self-curing: to increase quality and durability while reducing manufacturing cost of the polymer composites and cement concrete formulations by improving the curing process step. Self-healing: to aid the repair of polymer composites and asphalt concrete formulations by healing those materials without the need of an external and expensive maintenance operation. Self-protection: to minimize the failure occurrence in case of electrostatic charge accumulation or lightning impacts by discharging the voltage through the smart component

Keywords: self sensing,self icing,self curing,self healing,self protection,aerospatial,automotive,transport,consumer goods,infrastructure,theoretical material models
Tracing T3SS effectors in vivo during Salmonella infection in the zebrafish model (Salmofish)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are sophisticated “molecular needles” that many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria use to establish infection. Salmonella enterica encodes two T3SS that are able to translocate a number of proteins, called effectors, from bacteria to the cytosol of the infected eukaryotic cell. These proteins manipulate host signal transduction pathways and cellular processes to the pathogen’s advantage. During the last two decades, many studies have importantly contributed to the identification and characterization of many of these effectors. However, the subcellular localization, host target and biological role of an important number of them remain unknown. The majority of findings of T3SS effectors come from studies using surrogate in vitro models, like epithelial cells or macrophages. In these cases, the extrapolation of results to an in vivo scenario is not always possible. On the other hand, important mammalian models to study Salmonella infection, like mice, do not allow tracking the pathogen once inside its host. Here, we propose an innovative approach using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a relevant vertebrate model to dissect the biological role of Salmonella T3SS effectors during host infection. Zebrafish embryo model allow for rapid, non-invasive and real-time analysis of bacterial infections. We will take advantage of the small size and optical transparency of larval zebrafish for live-cell imaging of host-pathogen interaction experiments. This approach allows real-time cell-resolution monitoring of T3SS effectors. This will significantly improve our understanding of infectious diseases in an relevant in vivo context. This project not only will stablish a new in vivo model in the hosting laboratory and open new posibilities in the study of T3SS effectors, but also it will contribute to strengthen my previous experience boosting my future scientific career.

Keywords: salmonella,pathogenesis,effectors,type iii secretion system,zebrafish,in vivo modelling
Semantically correct automatic differentiation (SemanDiff)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-03-15
End date: 2022-03-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187572.48
EU funding (EUR): 187572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many recent advances in machine learning and computational statistics rely on algorithms that calculate derivatives. This use of derivatives has motivated the creation of domain specific modelling languages in which each program can be differentiated automatically, by the compiler. This technique is known as automatic differentiation (AD). AD is typically implemented through source-code-transformations, either directly or indirectly via operator overloading. These transformations become intricate in languages with expressive language features like algebraic data types and higher-order functions. Meanwhile, traditional calculus and differential geometry do not suffice to prove their correctness or even give them meaning, as ordinary differential geometry cannot support higher-order functions. Indeed, such formal correctness proofs have never been published. This project will use the mathematical foundations of diffeological spaces, a conservative extension of traditional differential geometry to higher-order types, to give precisely such correctness proofs. In particular, it will give appropriate source-code transformations for both the forward mode and reverse mode techniques of AD on a language with specified semantics in diffeological spaces. Next, it will prove that these source-code transformations correctly implement the canonical semantic notion of differentiation, as given by the diffeological spaces semantics. It will perform this analysis for a higher-order language with tuples and variant types. These formal descriptions and correctness proofs of AD for expressive languages will be accompanied by closely matching implementations, built on top of the Accelerate framework for purely functional GPU programming.

Keywords: programming language semantics,automatic differentiation,differential programming
The neural dynamics of perceptual priors in audition (PriorDynamics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France,Japan
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 190734.72
EU funding (EUR): 190734.72
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

To maintain a coherent and continuous percept over time, the brain relies on past sensory information to predict forthcoming stimuli. Combining novel behavioural methods with advanced neuroimaging techniques, the present research project aims to determine the neural mechanisms by which the auditory system uses information from the recent past to overcome signal noise and ambiguity. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that sensory predictions involve neural oscillations at alpha rhythm, ~9-10 Hz, that mediate the propagation of perceptual priors. The first part of this research project investigates the neural structures underlying such predictive oscillatory mechanism. To this end, we adapt a novel time-resolved sampling technique used to examine rhythmic fluctuations in perceptual performance for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We hypothesise that cortical and subcortical activation, especially in the auditory cortex and thalamus, will exhibit rhythmic modulations that correlate with oscillations in decision bias during the detection of a brief auditory signal masked by white noise. The second part of this project examines whether the resolution of perceptual ambiguities by prior contextual information involves similar oscillatory mechanisms. For this purpose, we combine the time-resolved sampling technique with a classic paradigm (involving Shepard tones) for inducing ambiguous pitch shifts. By presenting a single tone before the ambiguous stimulus, listeners can be biased toward a perceived upward or downward pitch shift. If resolving perceptual ambiguities involves oscillatory mechanisms, we expect to observe periodic fluctuations of decision bias (that is, the tendency to make certain responses) at alpha rhythm over time. The results of this research project will shed light on a potentially crucial and yet unknown core process of perception, useful in every interaction we have with the world.

Keywords: neural oscillations,signal detection theory,auditory illusions
Big Medical Data Use in Primary Care: an ethnographic, socio-technical, investigation of challenges and opportunities (BIMEDA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-08-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Big medical data analytics is a new and unique opportunity for national health systems to reduce costs and improve population health management. The processing of vast amounts of medical histories from electronic patient records can provide researchers, clinicians, policy makers and private health companies with invaluable insights into all aspects of health and illness. New treatments, medication regimens and medical technologies can then be developed based on more accurate cost/benefit analyses. Importantly, it constitutes national health systems engines of economic growth. The European Commission is actively promoting a ‘Digital Agenda for Europe’, where more ‘Open (Government) Data’ will support and accelerate the development of ‘A Thriving Data-Driven Economy’. However, the European Agency for Fundamental Rights is working to address social, legal and ethical implications from surveillance activities and data protection mishaps, particularly for personal health information. The aim of the BIMEDA project is to elaborate a theoretical framework for critically analysing social, technical and ethical challenges from big medical data analytics, through the mapping of the data protection controversy of the Care.data programme in England and the ethnographic study of an academic and a private organisation that collaborate to collect and analyse big primary care data analytics. It brings together a talented researcher with background in qualitative research of clinical information systems’ implementation and use from a Science and Technology Studies perspective to work with an internationally renowned host institution (University of Nottingham) in big primary care data analytics and, healthcare organisations and (Horizon) Digital Economy research in order to identify and clarify, for policy-makers and the public, possibilities, limitations, assumptions and biases in research, knowledge production and ethical conduct.

Keywords: big data,electronic patient records,ethnography,healthcare organisations,ethics,privacy
Next generation meta-material based Optical Solar Reflectors (META-REFLECTOR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Italy,United Kingdom,Denmark
Call: Bottom-up space technologies at low TRL (H2020-COMPET-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 997660.0
EU funding (EUR): 997660.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

META-REFLECTOR aims at developing a radically new technology to produce Optical Solar Reflectors (OSRs) and to govern the thermo-optical properties of the interface between the spacecraft and the space environment. Based on an extremely thin, first surface meta-material coating, the new meta-OSR will combine the performance and durability of traditional quartz OSRs, with the ease of use of Silver / Teflon, flexible OSRs. Furthermore, meta-OSRs will be implementable on a wide range of mechanical supports, including very thin (1 MIL) plastic foils that are not transparent (and therefore incompatible with the standard OSR second surface solutions), and plastic foils that, unlike Kapton and Teflon, are not subject to any commercial restriction. Finally, the new meta-OSR will integrate, on demand, Smart Radiator Device functions, that is ability to adapt its emissivity depending on temperature (low emissivity in the cold phase, high emissivity in the hot phase), without the intervention of an active thermal control system. The project team includes: a) a private research center, with a sound expertise in thermo-optical coatings for space applications; b) an university research group specialized in nanophotonics and in metamaterial design and development; c) a SME specialized in the fabrication of photonic nano-patterns by large area techniques; d) a major system integrator with a clear view of the market and the needs of the space industry. Furthermore, the project involves in an Advisory Board other industrial space actors with competences in niche markets that can take specific advantages from the meta-OSR technology.

Keywords: materials and structures,metamaterials,metamaterial perfect absorber,optical solar reflector,smart radiator device,thermo optical properties,spectrally selective coatings,flexible osr
Integrative Approaches to Dental Wear: Non-Masticatory Tooth-Use Across the Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition Among Iberian Foraging and Farming Societies (IDENTITIES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The IDENTITIES project investigates human dental wear related to the non-masticatory use of the dentition (the habitual use of “teeth-as-tools”) among human groups that span the Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in the Iberian Peninsula – a period of complex social, economic, and technological reorganization corresponding to a shift from hunting and gathering to a dependence on domesticated plants and animals. A lifetime of using the teeth for habitual, manipulative tasks leaves distinct traces on enamel, and these idiosyncratic patterns of wear provide biocultural markers of social identities when aligned with information on sex, age, occupation, or status of individuals across archaeological samples. Human dental remains from archaeological sites across the Iberia provide an ideal regional focus for exploring biocultural changes related to tooth-use during a crucial prehistoric socioeconomic transition. IDENTITIES is interdisciplinary, bringing together experts in microscopy, experimental methods, bio/archaeology, and paleoanthropology through an integrative methodology to document non-masticatory dental wear. The methodologies include recent advances in Gigapixel-like imaging strategies, confocal and scanning electron microscopy, and three-dimensional dental topographic methods to analyze experimentally-worn and archaeological samples. The integrative methodology was also established to cross-validate each method (presently an unresolved issue), and advance the study of material surface modification of biological and archaeological materials generally. In addition to providing an intellectual impact through methodological advances, the same data will directly address how biocultural changes in non-masticatory tooth-use reflect changing social identities across archaeological groups of the last foraging peoples (Mesolithic), nascent farming societies (Neolithic), and established agriculturalists (Chalcolithic) in the Iberian Peninsula.

Keywords: prehistory,paleoanthropology,tooth use,mesolithic neolithic transition,iberian peninsula