Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional Clinical Coherent Chemically-sensitive Imaging (3D3CSI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170481.2
EU funding (EUR): 170481.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Three-dimensional Clinical Coherent Chemically-sensitive Imaging A multimodal imaging project between the fellow Dr. Unterhuber with expertise in laser physics and optical instrumentation from Cardiff University, and the host, Prof. Drexler from the Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, is proposed. The purpose is to synergistically integrate state-of-the-art ultrahigh axial resolution Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) towards functional imaging and increase Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) sensitivity by exploitation of non-linear optical amplification using heterodyne detection similar to OCT. OCT has been established as a powerful non-invasive, high resolution imaging modality. Several hundredth megavoxel/s can be scanned due to high speed, high sensitivity frequency domain OCT, permitting real time dynamic volumetric imaging of scattering tissue. OCT permits extremely high sensitivity and speed, though it cannot easily distinguish different chemical substances – CARS - is one of the most potential techniques with the ability to extract specific biochemical solely based on endogenous signals. Until now the complexity for integrating both technologies that involve sophisticated laser sources causes a major technical challenge. Novel developments in CARS technology have paved a way to simplify the setup utilizing ultrabroad lasers also found in ultrahigh axial resolution OCT. The aim is to demonstrate the general feasibility of a compact and simple medical instrument capable of collecting morphological and depth resolved functional information at cellular level simultaneously in a clinical environment with the purpose of unprecedented non-invasive detection of metabolic, tissue information. The capabilities of such a device will have the potential to significantly improve the understanding of physiologic and pathologic processes without exogenous labels in their native 3D-environment.

Keywords: medical physics,diagnostics,natural sciences,microscopy,molecular markers and recognition
DYnamic Roadmapping with application for EduCation and Training (DYRECT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166040.8
EU funding (EUR): 166040.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although recently Roadmapping has become a widely used technique, there is a lack of a standard methodology of Roadmapping, particularly for industry and policy making. There is considerable diversity among practitioners as to what constitutes a roadmap and how to assess Roadmapping. The proposed fellowship will address these shortcomings in the area of Roadmapping and pursue an innovative research programme, which will (a) introduce and investigate the concept of Dynamic Roadmapping as continuous knowledge creation process; (b) provide a framework for developing an alerting system that will identify record, classify important trends and weak signals, at a global scale and analyse their significance for Roadmappping; and (c) provide a meta-model for Roadmapping to serve as a framework for the needed semantic interoperability between diverse roadmaps of different communities. Since this is a feasibility study, within the proposed 2-year programme, a pilot of the framework will be implemented for the area of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL). The aim of the pilot application will be to continuously assess the visions of the produced roadmaps in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. To this end, the project will: build on previous work by the applicant; collaborate closely with large-scale EU initiatives in the area of TEL; engage their communities in new forms of foresight, knowledge exchange and representation. The applicant will build on her proven potential and be able to pursue a PhD and benefit from the broad expertise generously offered by the host institution, enabling her to steer her career and the wider EU research area towards achieving world leadership. Finally, the proposed research aspires to provide new insight on issues of applied roadmapping and advance the state of the art in Roadmapping, by providing a Meta-Model for Dynamic Roadmapping that enables semantic interoperability between roadmaps.

Keywords: roadmapping,foresight,education and training,learning technologies,research management,strategic planning,technological sciences,humanities,social sciences
Structural characterization of a mammalian mitochondrial ribosome and its complexes by the X-ray crystallography (MITOCHONDR RIBOSOME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2010-12-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 182103.2
EU funding (EUR): 182103.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein particle which translates mRNA to proteins through a sophisticated process that combines high speed and accuracy. It thus plays a central role in protein biosynthesis, translation, which is a fundamental and essential process in all cells. Mitochondria contain a translational system that is distinct from that of the cell cytoplasm. Mitochondrial ribosomes have remarkable divergence from those of bacteria and the eukaryotic cytoplasm. Most of the mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are unique, having no closely related homologues in bacterial or eukaryotic-cytoplasmic ribosomes. Furthermore, mitoribosomes have acquired an intrinsic GTP binding protein. In the proposed project we aim to address several central questions pertaining to the mechanism of mitochondrial ribosome by exploring its three dimensional structure. We take the challenge for the first time to crystallize and determine the X-ray structure of the mitochondrial ribosome from bovine heart mitochondria. A high-resolution structure of the mitoribosome is likely to be a challenging goal. However, we believe the collaboration proposed here that combines the strengths of two groups, V. Ramakrishnan and J. Walker, supplemented by the previous experience of the applicant in determining the structure of large macromolecular complexes containing high non-protein content, provides a unique opportunity to mount an attack on this problem. Studying the mitochondrial ribosome will have an important medical impact due to the fact that many of the adverse side effects of therapeutically important antibacterial antibiotics are ascribed to inhibitory effects on mitochondrial ribosomes, as well as many genetic diseases. The structure determination of mitoribosome is expected to require new approaches in structural biology. Therefore, in addressing questions of large complexes protein structural biology, our efforts will yield high impact beyond understanding translation mechanisms.

Keywords: natural sciences,mitochondria,translation,ribosome,crystallization,crystal structure
Evolutionary neuroethology of a lepidopteran species (EVOLNEUROETHOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168969.0
EU funding (EUR): 168969.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Insects possess a highly developed sense of smell and live, as far as they are concerned, in a world dominated by odors. The evolution of olfactory preference is at the very basis of the enormous niche differentiation and adaptive radiation in insects. Paradoxically, the proximate mechanisms underlying the evolution of olfactory preference are elusive. I propose to take up this issue using the simple olfactory subcircuitry of moth pheromone communication. Here I propose to study the evolutionary neuroethology of the European corn borer. Despite the pest status, the species has a polymorphism of pheromone preference. Two strains exist which produce and respond to opposite ratios of the two pheromone components. I recently discovered that this saltatory shift in pheromone preference is located in the antenna. Most likely this single gene mediated shift in preference is caused by a swap of pheromone receptors in sensory neurons. The swap reverses the preference for the ratio of the two pheromone components, and supports the coexistence of two strains. Using a multidisciplinary approach involving molecular biology, physiology and immunocytochemistry, I will elucidate the mechanisms that underles this swap. The research will unveil mechanisms underpinning evolution of pheromone preference. These are at the very basis of adaptive radiation, race formation and biodiversity.

Keywords: evolutionary biology,entomology,animal physiology
Routes to arousal: a simultaneous EEG-FMRI investigation of pharmacological sedation in humans. (ROUTES TO AROUSAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-15
End date: 2012-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181103.2
EU funding (EUR): 181103.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies have progressed from identifying areas of the brain involved in a given task to investigating the temporal correlation or ‘functional connectivity’ between signals from different brain regions. This permits spatial and temporal characterisation of cortical and subcortical functional circuits during the execution of tasks and at rest. Combining information from simultaneous EEG and FMRI measurements affords a still finer physiological fractionation of brain networks. Our main aim is to use simultaneous EEG-FMRI to examine altered functional connectivity during pharmacologically altered arousal in healthy human volunteers. We will focus on thalamo-cortical networks (TCN) and default mode network (DMN), both hypothesized to be involved in alterations in consciousness or arousal. A variety of neurochemical routes lead to reduced arousal. General anaesthetics may act through ligand-gated ion channels of the GABAA and NMDA receptors. In particular, GABAergic cells of the reticular thalamic nucleus may modulate cortical activity. Because vigilance decrements correlate with decreased blood flow in the medial thalamus, and because this reduction significantly covaries with parallel decreases in regions belonging to the DMN, we will study the possible progressive disconnections within each network (TCN and DMN) induced by light sedation (propofol), and the disruption of between-network connectivity. The use of simultaneous EEG to restrict our examination of drug effects in FMRI to those of neuronal origin will provide a robust tool with which to investigate anaesthetic action (reduced arousal) in these networks. By using time-series analysis techniques (phase slope index) we aim to further assess the dynamic changes induced by sedation in the direction of information flow among the nodes of these brain networks. This will improve our understanding of pharmacologically induced sedation at the system-level in the human brain.

Keywords: functional magnetic resonance imaging,fmri,electroencephalography,eeg,sedation,functional connectivity,brain,arousal,anaesthesia,independent component analysis,thalamus,default mode network
Special voice transforms and applications (SPEVOTAP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 217673.6
EU funding (EUR): 217673.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The general goal of this project is to study the properties of the voice transforms generated by the representations of a given locally compact topological group, to reveal the details and understand the mathematical principles that govern the approximation of functions using discrete frames and wavelets, Zernike functions, spherical functions, construction of multiresolution decompositions. Applications of these processes will be considered. In the theoretical analysis we will focus on particular examples of voice transforms and the study of the properties of these transforms. One aim will be the constructions of discrete rational wavelets and frames. After the theoretical development the numerical aspects will be also studied using the MATLAB and MATHEMATICA. Our aim is to study properties which are outlined in the general theory developed by Feichtinger and Gröchenig in the case of the voice transforms generated by the representations of the Blaschke group, and other groups, generated by other representations.

Keywords: harmonic analysis,voice transform,frames and wavelets and applications,wavelab,library of mathlab routines
The biological clock and cancer (CANCERTIME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 250773.7
EU funding (EUR): 250773.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The circadian clock generates and regulates many daily physiological and behavioural rhythms and thereby also influences the health of the organism. This knowledge has been useful for treating various diseases including cancer. In cancer therapy, survival rate and secondary effects can be improved by applying the treatment at the right time of day. However, the mechanisms by which the clock influences cancer development and treatment effects are not well understood. In the outgoing phase of the grant I will study how the functionality of circadian clocks in tumor and healthy tissue influences tumor development and response to treatment in Dr. Antoch’s research group at the Roswell Cancer Institute in Buffalo, USA. I will use a unique mouse model which allows visualization of the clock in real time by using bioluminescence imaging technology. I will study in vivo how changes in the clock relate to tumor development. I will further experimentally regulate the expression of clock genes to investigate how disrupting the clock affects tumor development both in vitro, using cell lines, and in vivo, by inoculating healthy mice with manipulated tumors. In a final step, in the return phase of the grant I will work together with Dr. Selivanova at the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden where I will test how potential anticancer drugs interact with the circadian clock and the apoptosis pathway.

Keywords: natural sciences,health sciences
New approach to animal movement modeling combining ecological and cognitive sciences, with application to wildlife responses to infrastructure (ECOLOGYOFMOVEMENT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 204068.0
EU funding (EUR): 204068.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Movement is the primary response of animals to spatiotemporal heterogeneity in ecological conditions. The consequences of movement for individual fitness, populations and ecological communities give this behavior a central place in ecological theory. Human activities alter both spatiotemporal variations in ecological conditions triggering movements (e.g. resource distribution) and availability of movement corridors (e.g. destruction of migration routes). An understanding of factors driving animal movements, affecting their mechanics, and characterizing the preferred travel routes is essential for ecological theory and to evaluate the impact of human activities on population dynamics and on the potential for human-wildlife conflicts. Due to recovering ungulate populations and increased road and rail traffic, ungulate-vehicle collisions represent an important source of conflict. These collisions lead to casualties, injuries and substantial economical losses. Due to poor knowledge of movement drivers and mechanics, mitigating measures currently taken to minimize the probability of collisions are often inadequate and inefficient. Despite the 10-year old call for a “behavioral ecology of ecological landscapes” (Lima &amp; Zollner 1996), only limited information about cognitive mechanisms underlying movement is included in fundamental and applied ecology. During the past decades behavioral scientists have made important progresses in the understanding of animal spatial cognition and goal-oriented movements in laboratory settings. This project proposes a novel interdisciplinary approach to develop a mechanistic movement model integrating theory on space use from ecology in natural settings with theories from behavioral and cognitive sciences in the laboratory. Such model will have a broad range of applications in theoretical and applied animal movement ecology. We will use this model to identify risk areas for moose-vehicle collisions in Norway and guide mitigating actions.

Keywords: animal ecology,applied ecology,behavioural biology,cognitive science,intellegence agents,population biology,conflict resolution
Space AsteroSeismology & RR Lyrae stars (SAS-RRL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 315839.6
EU funding (EUR): 315839.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The new data gathered with the Kepler satellite will not only boost the discovery of planets orbiting other stars, including those resembling Earth, but they will also open a window into the inner workings of the parent stars themselves. In particular, stars that oscillate -- and it turns out many do -- yield clues that allow us to probe their structure with a set of research tools called asteroseismology. At the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), a large group of scientists is working on the analysis and interpretation of Kepler data. Their principal aim is planet detection. However, the signals of a planet and its variable host star are intricately interwoven. The applicant has been working in the field of asteroseismology for about a decade. Her focus has been on photometric and spectroscopic studies of pulsating stars, in particular RR Lyrae stars, and techniques to unravel the pulsations of stars. She will chair the Kepler RR Lyrae working group, working on the analysis, interpretation, and publication of the Kepler data for this type of variable stars. Her visit to the CfA will facilitate collaboration between scientists in the USA and Europe. In Europe, asteroseismology has grown into a blossoming research field, indispensable for assessing the properties of stars, also those harboring planets. Complementary to the research connected to the Kepler and other space missions, the applicant will continue her research on RR Lyrae stars, through a multidisciplinary, multifaceted approach. Through interaction with scientists at the CfA she will gain expertise in neighbouring research fields, in particular X-ray studies and atmospheric models used for spectroscopic analysis. With the acquired skills and an enhanced publication record, the applicant will return to the Instituut voor Sterrenkunde at the K.U. Leuven, Belgium, which hosts a renowned asteroseismology center, one of the largest worldwide.

Keywords: natural sciences,astrophysics,stars,planets,stellar structure and evolution
Advanced x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for high-mobility substrates (ASPECTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172565.2
EU funding (EUR): 172565.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project an experienced researcher in the field of photoemission spectroscopy will join IBM Research, a global player in information technologies with long standing European research tradition. He will support the effort of the group in developing growth processes for gate stacks on high mobility (III-V) substrates. For this purpose, the fellow will characterize the oxide/semiconductor interfaces and complete gate stacks using a recently installed analysis chamber, connected to a unique molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) cluster tool designed for co-integrating Ge, III-V compounds and oxides thin films on the same 200mm Si substrate. The main objectives of the project are : Objective 1: Assessment of a newly developed wide angle analyzer for in-situ angle resolved XPS on 200mm substrates. A tailored-made XPS system comprising a monochromatic x-ray source and a newly developed wide-angle analyzer for angle resolved measurements will be evaluated and further developed by systematically assessing its performance. The results obtained from the system will be compared with the results obtained by other characterization techniques. Objective 2: Definition of the best materials combinations for gate stacks on high mobility semiconductors. By combining the in-situ, angle-resolved data with data inferred from other state-of-the-art characterization methods, a full picture of different semiconductor /oxide interfaces and gate stacks on high mobility substrate will be drawn. This will enable the fellow to develop a fundamental understanding of the passivation issues on III-V compounds semiconductors.

Keywords: experimental physics,physics of semiconductors,cmos technology,surface physics,physical sciences,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,high mobility substrate