Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
DEMOCRATISATION OF WATER AND SANITATION GOVERNANCE BY MEANS OF SOCIO-TECHNICAL INNOVATION (DESAFIO)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Combining economic, social and environmental objectives in a European perspective
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Brazil,Argentina,Colombia,Portugal
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2012-2, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1326374.72
EU funding (EUR): 999972.8
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

DESAFIO means “challenge” in both Portuguese and Spanish. The guiding concept of our proposal is to make a contribution towards tackling what is arguably one of the major challenges facing Brazil and Latin American countries in the 21st century: eradicating structural social inequality in the access to essential water and sanitation services. The overarching objective of our proposal is assessing existing experiences and developing new strategies that bring about sustainable, appropriate, and innovative socio-technical solutions to foster economic and social development through social transformation in vulnerable communities, particularly with reference to access to safe water supply and sanitation in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas of South America, with a particular emphasis on Brazil. These strategies will be developed through research and networking that actively engages beneficiary communities, practitioners, local authorities, and other relevant actors in their planning, design, assessment, implementation, monitoring, validation, and diffusion. Our transdisciplinary approach is predicated on a close interaction with non-academic actors in the production and validation of knowledge, among other things to underpin policy and behavioural transformations. We have selected a number of case studies that will cover a range of situations and characteristics, from informal settlements in the urban periphery of world megacities (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and in peri-urban areas of provincial capitals (Cali, Colombia), favelas located in the heart of booming mid-range urban centres (Recife, Brazil), to small rural villages (Mondomo, Colombia) and communities in semi-arid areas (Ceará and Minas Gerais, Brazil and Santa Fe, Argentina). We will endeavour to draw lessons and develop recommendations that are applicable to other socio-cultural and economic contexts across the developing world.

Keywords: water,sanitation,community participation,governance,socio-technical innovation,democratisation
MOBILISING THE POTENTIAL OF ACTIVE AGEING IN EUROPE (MOPACT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Major trends in society and their implications
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Belgium,Netherlands,Netherlands,Italy,Finland,United Kingdom,Poland,Italy,Portugal,Italy,Germany,Germany,Norway,Italy,Hungary,Germany,Netherlands,Austria,Germany,United Kingdom,Estonia,Italy,Austria,Austria,Germany,Romania
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7431722.54
EU funding (EUR): 5906757.0
Participants: 33
Project status: CLOSED

The starting point for MOPACT is the ambitious goals set by Horizon 2020 and the European Innovation Partnership Pilot Project on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIPAHA). Our response is ambitious too: we aim to provide the research and practical evidence upon which Europe can make longevity an asset for social and economic development. MOPACT will create a high quality, multi-disciplinary critical mass of leading researchers and, in the closest possible partnership with stakeholders and through a carefully planned iterative process, build a compendium of essential state-of-the-art and foresight intelligence upon which to develop the policy, practice, service and product developments and innovations required to meet the goals of Horizon 2020 and, in particular, the EIPAHA. Active and healthy ageing is the primary focus of MOPACT and it will build on the momentum created by EY2012.

Keywords: active healthy ageing longevity social economic development horizon 2020 eipaha innovation ey2012 foresight
Immunogenic cell death in anticancer therapy (IMMUNODEATH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120314, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We advocate the hypothesis that successful chemotherapeutics can induce a type of tumor cell stress and death that is immunogenic, meaning that the patient’s dying cancer cells serve as a vaccine that stimulates a specific antitumor immune response, which in turn can control (and sometimes even eradicate) residual cancer cells. This is a highly original – and necessarily controversial – “breakthrough” concept since it challenges previous belief that anticancer chemotherapies act solely on the tumor cells, without any significant involvement of the host immune system. Cell death is usually non-immunogenic, and only a small minority of chemotherapeutic agents can induce immunogenic cell death, which - in contrast to classical apoptosis - is preceded by two types of pre-mortem stress, autophagy (which is required for cellular ATP release, an obligatory signal of immunogenicity) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (which is required for calreticulin [CRT] exposure at the cell surface, another obligatory signal of immunogenicity). Here, we will explore the hypothesis that cancer cell death is only immunogenic if the two pathways of pre-mortem stress, autophagy and ER stress, are simultaneously activated. Thus, we aim at “decoding” the anticancer drug-induced cellular pathways that regulate the immunogenicity of cell death. For this, we will trigger cancer cell death preceded by one or the two types of pre-mortem stress in a “synthetic system” (by genetic manipulation involving inducible transgenes in cancer cells and mice) or by means of selected pharmacological compounds in multiple in vitro and in vivo cancer models, as we monitor the immune-dependent therapeutic response. Moreover, we will investigate the functional links between autophagy, ER stress and immunogenic signaling. Finally, we will explore the translational relevance of these findings on human cancers.

Keywords: anticancer chemotherapy,autophagy,endoplasmic reticulum stress
The Gaia-ESO Milky Way Survey (GAIA-ESO-MW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499978.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499978.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding how galaxies actually form and evolve within our dark matter and dark energy dominated [ɅCDM] universe continues to be an enormous challenge. State of the art simulations of the aggregation of cold dark matter under its own gravitational influence suggest that galaxies grow from very smooth initial conditions through a sequence of merger and accretion events. However, theoretical models of galaxy formation, which necessarily involve modelling star formation and stellar evolution, the creation and dispersal of the chemical elements, the formation and energy output of massive black holes, and the response of gas to radiation and supernova shock waves, among much more, rely more heavily on phenomenological models than on a detailed understanding of physical theory. Thus, these models require calibration with well-studied (nearby) test cases of galaxies which we can study in detail, specifically our own Milky Way Galaxy. The Gaia-ESO Survey is Europe’s major ground-based project to meet this scientific challenge. The Gaia-ESO Survey, which began data-taking in January 2012, has been allocated 300nights of telescope time over five years using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (VLT-UT2) with its premier multi-object spectrograph, FLAMES. The project will obtain high-quality spectroscopy of some 100,000 faint stars, systematically covering all the major components of the Milky Way. This will provide the first homogeneous overview of the distributions of kinematics and chemical elemental abundances in the Galaxy. With well-defined samples the Survey will quantify the kinematic+ multi-chemical element abundance distribution functions of the bulge, the thick disk, the thin disc, and the halo stellar components. This proposal is to provide the core support team for the Co-Principal Investigator of the Gaia-ESO Survey with responsibility for the Milky Way Survey.

Keywords: gaia
String Phenomenology in the LHC Era (SPLE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1496000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1496000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

String Theory is the leading candidate for a theory of quantum gravity including Particle Physics. In the last ten years important progress has been made in the construction of string theory solutions resembling the Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics. String compac- tifications giving rise to the gauge group of the SM and three generations of quarks and leptons have been constructed. It has also recently been found that quantized fluxes of the anti-symmetric fields present in the theory provide for a solution for the long standing problem of moduli stabilization in String Theory. On the other hand a new era for Particle Physics has begun with the starting into operation of the LHC accelerator in 2010. The new data is expected to reveal the origin of the masses of all particles and what is the physics underlying it. New forces or symmetries like supersymmetry, extra dimensions etc. could be found. Whatever is found it will provide stringent tests of models for physics beyond the SM and also string theory compactifications. The purpose of this project is to make progress in the construction of string semi-realistic solutions and try to obtain information from the LHC data in order to constraint the underlying theory. In order to do that a general study of different classes of string compactifications will be made. If e.g. supersymmetry is found at LHC, we will be able to compare the structure of soft SUSY-breaking soft terms in large classes of string models with experimental data, giving important information about the underlying string theory. One of the objectives of the project is to answer the question: What is LHC telling us about string Theory?

Keywords: string theory,supersymmetry,string phenomenology,lhc,physics beyond the standard model,compactifications
SOLAR THERMOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF FUELS (SUNFUELS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2187650.0
EU funding (EUR): 2187650.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research is aimed at the efficient production of solar fuels from H2O and CO2. Solar thermochemical approaches using concentrating solar energy inherently operate at high temperatures and utilize the entire solar spectrum, and as such provide thermodynamic favorable paths to efficient solar fuel production. The targeted solar fuel is syngas: a mixture of mainly H2 and CO that can be further processed to liquid hydrocarbon fuels (e.g. diesel, kerosene), which offer high energy densities and are most convenient for the transportation sector without changes in the current global infrastructure. The strategy for the efficient production of solar syngas from H2O and CO2 involves research on a 2-step thermochemical redox cycle, encompassing: 1st step) the solar-driven endothermic reduction of a metal oxide; and 2nd step) the non-solar exothermic oxidation of the reduced metal oxide with H2O/CO2, yielding syngas together with the initial metal oxide. Two redox pairs have been identified as most promising: the volatile ZnO/Zn and non-volatile CeO2/CeO2-δ. Novel materials, structures, and solar reactor concepts will be developed for enhanced heat and mass transport, fast reaction rates, and high specific yields of fuel generation. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the pertinent redox reactions will enable screening dopants. Solar reactor modeling will incorporate fundamental transport phenomena coupled to reaction kinetics by applying advanced numerical methods (e.g. Monte Carlo coupled to CFD at the pore scale). Solar reactor prototypes for 5 kW solar radiative power input will experimentally demonstrate the efficient production of solar syngas and their suitability for large-scale industrial implementation. The proposed research contributes to the development of technically viable and cost effective technologies for sustainable transportation fuels, and thus addresses one of the most pressing challenges that modern society is facing at the global level.

Keywords: solar,energy,fuels,syngas,thermochemical cycle,redox,concentrated,radiation,solar reactor,solar chemistry,heat transfer,kinetics.
Lego-Style Materials, Structures and Devices Assembled on Demand from Isolated Atomic Planes (ARTIMATTER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2200000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Following the advent of graphene with its wide range of unique properties, several other one-atom-thick crystals have been isolated and their preliminary studies have been undertaken. They range from semiconducting monolayers of MoS2 and NbSe2, which similar to graphene exhibit the electric field effect and relatively high electronic quality, to wide-gap insulators such as boron-nitride monolayers that can serve as atomically-thin tunnel barriers. This library of two-dimensional crystals opens a possibility to construct various 3D structures with on-demand properties, which do not exist in nature but can be assembled in Lego style by stacking individual atomic planes on top of each other in a desired sequence. This project is to explore this new avenue. We will design, fabricate and study multilayer materials ranging from basic heterostructures that consist of a few alternating layers of graphene and boron nitride and already exhibit a rich spectrum of new phenomena, as recently demonstrated by the applicant’s group, to complex artificial materials containing many layers of different 2D crystals and mimicking, for example, layered superconductors. In a similar manner, various electronic, optoelectronic, micromechanical and other devices will be developed and investigated. The applicant’s aim is to search for new materials with unique properties, novel devices with better characteristics and new physics that is likely to emerge along the way. The proposed research offers many exciting opportunities and can lead to the development of a large unexplored field with impact exceeding even that of graphene research. This presents a unique, once-in-decade, opportunity to make a very significant breakthrough in condensed matter physics and materials science.

Keywords: graphene,2d atomic crystals,nanotechnology,electronic and optoelectronic devices
3D Engineered Environments for Regenerative Medicine (3D-E)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2486267.0
EU funding (EUR): 2486267.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal develops a unified, underpinning technology to create novel, complex and biomimetic 3D environments for the control of tissue growth. As director of Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, I have recently been approached by medical colleagues to help to solve important problems in the separate therapeutic areas of breast cancer, cardiac disease and blood disorders. In each case, the solution lies in complex 3D engineered environments for cell culture. These colleagues make it clear that existing 3D scaffolds fail to provide the required complex orientational and spatial anisotropy, and are limited in their ability to impart appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues. I have a strong track record in this area. A particular success has been the use of a freeze drying technology to make collagen based porous implants for the cartilage-bone interface in the knee, which has now been commercialised. The novelty of this proposal lies in the broadening of the established scientific base of this technology to enable biomacromolecular structures with: (A) controlled and complex pore orientation to mimic many normal multi-oriented tissue structures (B) compositional and positional control to match varying local biochemical environments, (C) the attachment of novel peptides designed to control cell behaviour, and (D) mechanical control at both a local and macroscopic level to provide mechanical cues for cells. These will be complemented by the development of (E) robust characterisation methodologies for the structures created. These advances will then be employed in each of the medical areas above. This approach is highly interdisciplinary. Existing working relationships with experts in each medical field will guarantee expertise and licensed facilities in the required biological disciplines. Funds for this proposal would therefore establish a rich hub of mutually beneficial research and opportunities for cross-disciplinary sharing of expertise.

Keywords: porous structures for tissue regeneration structure control through fabrication processes
A laser-cooled molecular fountain to measure the electron EDM (EEDM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2409629.0
EU funding (EUR): 2409629.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to build an instrument that cools YbF molecules to microK temperature using laser light, and throws them up as a fountain in free fall. This will be used to detect CP-violating elementary particle interactions that caused our universe to evolve an excess of matter over antimatter These interactions cause the charge distribution of the electron to be slightly non-spherical and it is this property, the permanent electric dipole moment (EDM), that the ultracold molecules will sense. Laser cooling of any molecule is very new, with first results emerging from a few laboratories including mine. Developing a fountain of molecules will be a major advance in the state of the art. As well as being the key to the new EDM instrument, this will be important in its own right because ultracold molecules have major applications in chemistry, quantum information processing and metrology. In the fountain, the electron spin of each molecule will be polarized. On applying a perpendicular electric field, the spins will precess in proportion to the EDM. At present the (warm) YbF molecules in my lab precess for only 1ms. This gives us world-leading sensitivity, but has not been sufficient to detect the CP-violating forces being sought. The fountain however will achieve precession times of almost a second, giving over 1000x more rotation. The increase in sensitivity should reveal a clear EDM, providing information about the fundamental laws of physics, and the important CP-violating physics of the early universe, which is currently not understood. By advancing the preparation of ultracold molecules, this project will address a key question in particle physics and cosmology: the nature of CP-violating physics beyond the standard model. The approach is radically different from standard accelerator physics and complements it. The sensitivity is sufficient to detect some proposed new forces that are beyond the reach of any current collider experiment.
Rule-Based Modelling (RULE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-ADG_20120216, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2084316.0
EU funding (EUR): 2084316.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The purpose of this research programme is to contribute to the solution of a major problem in today’s systems biology: namely, the difficulty to bring mechanistic modelling to bear on full scale systems. Statistical, and experimental techniques have scaled up considerably in the last two decades. Mechanistic modelling, on the other hand, is still confined in much smaller scales. Witness the painstakingly slow scaling up of cellular signalling models, despite their central role in cell response. To address the problem, we build on a new modelling methodology, called the rule-based approach (RB), pioneered by the PI of this proposal, and hailed (in a recent Nature Methods article) as the “harbinger of an entirely new way of representing and studying cellular networks”. By exploiting the modularity of biological agents, RB breaks through the combinatorial challenge of describing and simulating signalling systems. But with the possibility of writing and running larger models, new questions come to the fore. To bring mechanistic modelling to the next level requires: innovative knowledge representation techniques to anchor modelling in the data-side of systems bi- ology; new means to tame the complexity of, and reason about, the parameter space of models; new concepts to identify meaningful observables in the highly stochastic behaviour of large and combinatorial models; and clean and structured languages to comprehend spatial aspects of the biological phenomenology. The realism accrued by working at larger scales gets one closer to the bottom-up reconstruction of behaviours at the heart of systems biology, and to an understanding of the computational architecture of complex biological networks. This research programme, firmly grounded in the mathematics of programming language semantics and formal methods, extends the RB approach so as to address all of the above needs, and deliver an integrated modelling framework where full scale mechanistic modelling is achievable.