Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Quantum Optics Tools for Biomedical Imaging (QUANTUM4BIO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2014-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 180191.4
EU funding (EUR): 180191.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy has evolved to one of the most powerful tools in biological imaging, especially in the field of neuroscience. It provides improved depth penetration and reduced photo-bleaching of fluorophores and has thus enabled three dimensional structural and functional imaging of biological samples. However, in typical media and with uncorrelated (classical) photons, the two-photon absorption (TPA) process has small interaction strengths and therefore requires large optical intensities, which can lead to photo-damage in the media or prohibit its use with highly light sensitive biological samples. In this fellowship, we will address this shortcoming by using the process of entangled two-photon absorption (ETPA). Due to the energy-time correlation of entangled photon pairs, the effective cross-section, and therefore the efficiency of the absorption, can be increased by many orders of magnitude. This represents a fundamentally new approach to microscopy and if successful, will have a significant impact on fundamental and applied biology, as it allows for imaging and probing biological processes in a highly non-invasive fashion. For this project, we aim to design and build an entangled photon source engineered for optimal ETPA and identify ideal molecules that can function as labels and fluorescent proteins in biological samples. This highly interdisciplinary project will combine and exploit advantages of quantum optics and two-photon fluorescence microscopy and pave the way for novel, entanglement-based biological imaging and spectroscopy tools. This highly interdisciplinary project will combine the candidate’s expertise in quantum optics and quantum information with the host’s extensive background in bio-medical imaging. This fellowship will catalyze a significant development in the candidate’s career and enable him to attain a leading independent position in this new field at the interface of quantum physics and biology.

Keywords: biomedical imaging,non-linear imaging,entangled-two-photon absorption,spontaneous parametric down-conversion,physical sciences,natural sciences
SUMO proteomics in C. elegans: focus on meiosis and the DNA damage response (CELESUMOMS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-17
End date: 2014-09-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) is a small peptide that can be covalently attached to target proteins in an analogous way to ubiquitin. SUMO is involved in transcriptional regulation, sub-cellular partitioning, stress response, and DNA damage response, among other processes. The roles for the SUMO conjugation pathway have been mainly addressed using transformed cell lines and yeast. To address the relevance of the SUMO conjugation pathway in a living organism, I will use the round worm, Caenorhabditis elegans, a multicellular eukaryotic organism simple enough to be studied in great detail. I plan to characterize the SMO-1 (the C. elegans orthologue of SUMO) proteome using high accuracy mass spectrometry (MS). Moreover, dynamic changes in the SMO-1 proteome in response to ionizing radiation as well as tissue-specific SMO-1 sub-proteomes will be assessed taking advantage of the recently developed SILAN (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in nematodes) technique. In parallel, the role of SMO-1 conjugation in the DNA damage response and meiotic recombination will be addressed by genetically altering the conjugation pathway. I will also study the dynamics of specific SMO-1 conjugates after ionizing irradiation, by applying multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-mass spectrometry. The role of SMO-1 modification of selected target proteins will be addressed by generating transgenic strains carrying a sumoylation deficient allele. Overall, this project combines high accuracy mass spectrometry and the nematode C. elegans to provide insights into the biological consequences of dynamic, tissue-specific SUMO conjugation. Importantly, this project will guarantee a leading role for the European Research Area in this field and the expertise I will obtain with Dr Hay will be vital for carrying out my future career as independent researcher.

Keywords: sumo,c. elegans,proteomics,dna damage response,meiosis,recombination
VINyl photopolymer Development Of BONe replacement Alternatives (VINDOBONA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187888.2
EU funding (EUR): 187888.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, new photopolymers as potential bone replacement materials will be developed which can be shaped by 3D printer. As the material and its degradation products should exhibit a very low cytotoxicity, acrylate based reactive diluents will be replaced by a new generation of monomers with exceptional low toxicity (vinyl carbonates). By careful selection of the monomers, thiols, and suitable fillers like hydroxyapatite, mechanical properties similar to natural bone should be obtained. The main focus of the project lies on the determination of the photoreactivity and investigations concerning mechanical properties and degradation behavior of a set of different monomer formulations. Finally, with the optimum formulation the test structures should be built using 3D printing. A crucial point for the structuring process is the rheological behavior of the formulation. After the completion of the project, the cellular 3D parts should be used for in vivo experiments by our partners in the framework of currently running projects.

Keywords: organic chemistry,polymer chemistry,macromolecular chemistry,biomaterial engineering
Nanomechanics of natural materials from combining tomography and finite element modelling (TOMOMECH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 228082.2
EU funding (EUR): 228082.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Porous sedimentary rocks compose a large part of the European coastline and are major oil reservoirs in Europe, yet little is not known about their nanoscale structure and mechanical properties even though these parameters are linked to macroscale behaviour. The aim of TOMOMECH is to combine X-ray tomography and finite elements modelling (FE) on the nanoscale to make predictions about the stability of e.g. chalk cliffs and the remaining oil in depleting reservoirs. My model for determining stability will be versatile, which I will demonstrate by applying it to biomineralised shells as well, to elucidate nature's design strategies. The combination of tomography and FE has been employed successfully before to examine the structure and functionality in trabecular human bone on the microscale. A main objective of TOMOMECH is to transfer this approach to the nanoscale and adapt it for determining pore structure in sedimentary rocks. The results will be applicable to coastal protection, oil production and biomimetic materials. Through a direct connection to industrial partners, a focus on applicability is ensured. My background in Physics, combining X-ray techniques and modelling from the molecular to the continuum scale will underpin this project but I will also benefit from the training in new nanoscale characterisation techniques that I will receive. Interdisciplinary research has been a major topic in my career and TOMOMECH will give me the opportunity to further broaden my scientific background. The approach I will develop and the chance to run my own project will give a good push in my future career. Mentoring by my host, Prof. Stipp, who is an expert in nanoscale characterisation, and interaction with the Nano-Science Center, Copenhagen, will ensure progress, help increase my network and provide tremendous benefit.

Keywords: 3 d modelling,structural mechanics,petroleum geology,biomechanics,environmental protection,risk assessment (geophysics)
Oxidation, Lipids, DNA and Mitochondria (OLDMITO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The overarching aim of the project is to establish a cause-effect relationship among the mitochondrial processes related to ageing in fish (mitochondrial membrane composition, lipid metabolism, ROS production, antioxidant activities, mitochondrial DNA expression), which will advance our understanding of these mechanisms in ectotherms in order to develop a vertebrate model of ageing. The project will require a multi-disciplinary approach utilising molecular biology and biochemistry. Techniques include subcellular fractionation to obtain the mitochondrial fraction, lipid analyses including thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas-chromatography (GC) for phospholipid and fatty acid analysis, biochemical assays to assess peroxidation processes, and molecular analyses including PCR cloning of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) cDNAs and gene expression studies to determine tissue distribution and effects of aging using quantitative real-time PCR. The host institution will be the Institute of Aquaculture (IoA) at University of Stirling (Scotland, United Kingdom), a dedicated research Institute with an International reputation in research and post-graduate teaching. The work in the proposed project falls within the remit of the Molecular Nutrition Group at the IoA, a world-leading group in fish lipid and fatty acid metabolism, nutrition and molecular biology. The proposed research project fits very well within the objectives of FP7 of the European Community. The project is part of research efforts that impact on human health through addressing the important issue of the establishment of a vertebrate model of ageing, which would shorten the phylogenetic distance respecting model and the human species. However, the project is also highly relevant to Theme 2 (Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Biotechnology). This project will help us to consider new aspects in the fish farming and to improve the efficiency of Aquaculture activities and fish welfare.

Keywords: ageing,mitochondria,lipids,membrane,oxidation,mitochondrial dna,gene expression,lipid metabolism,antioxidant activity,fish,model,temperature,diet,aquaculture
Nanophotonics for Efficient Solar-to-H2 Energy Conversion (NFESEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Photoelectrochemical H2 production from water is a field of high present interest. This project is to design nanophotonics for efficient solar-to-H2 energy conversion. A method will be developed for fabricating nanophotonic structure (such as inverse opal photonic crystals, nanoarray photonic structure) of narrow band gap ternary metal oxide as photoanodes, for example, BiVO4 (2.4 eV), InVO4 (2.0 eV), BiFeO3 (2.2 eV), etc. Highly efficient solar-to-H2 energy conversion is expected to be achieved due to the superiorities of the structure and unique optical properties of nanophotonic structures, including stronger interaction between light and the photoelectrode induced by the stop-band edge effect, greatly improved light harvesting due to the multiple scattering effect, efficient photogenerated charge carriers separation due to the distance for photogenerated holes to reach the interface of semiconductor and the electrolyte can be significantly reduced. The proposed project will try to address how nanophotonic structures with their unique physical properties can enable efficient harvesting of light.

Keywords: solar chemistry,photochemistry,hydrogen production,solar energy conversion,nanophotonics,photonic crystal
Optical Probe and Manipulation of Magnetization at the nanometer scale (OP2M)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-07-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164684.98
EU funding (EUR): 164684.98
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on fundamental scientific issues of spin manipulation in nano-structured magnetic materials subject to optical/magnetic excitations and further provides the scientific underpinnings of next generation of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR). The research will focus on two related research themes (i) ultrafast magnetization dynamics, (ii) optical switching of nanomagnets which have the common property of using optical pulses to both probe and manipulate magnetism at the nanometer spatial and femto-second temporal scales. The strength of this project is to address a novel and challenging scientific program by bringing together international experts with complementary expertise: Ultra-fast optical (Y.Fainman UCSD) Nanomagnetism and spintronic (S.Mangin SM the applicant) Nanomagnetic theory and modeling (V.Lomakin UCSD) Magnetic data storage (E.E. Fullerton EEF the outgoing host) The partner organisation CMRR at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) is directed by EEF. This famous research centre serves as a catalyst for joint investigations between industrial and academic partners. EEF is an outstanding scientist (235 papers, 80 invited talks, 48 US patents, h factor = 42). The collaboration between EEF and SM has already been very active and productive in the past. This program will be a unique opportunity to take the collaboration to a higher level on an innovative and original scientific project and on a broader scale (with new members and student of both partner and host organisation). Since both collaborators are taking more responsibilities a strong trans-Atlantic collaboration will be profitable for their carriers and their institutions. It is also an exceptional chance to bring back to the host organisation competence and knowledge on this new field, maintain a level of excellence for the applicant and his team and create links with industrial partners. Phase 1: CMRR - USA for 13 months / Phase 2 IJL - France for 12 months

Keywords: nano science,nano-magnetism,photonic,magnetic material,micromagnetism calculation,magnetization switching,nanodevices
Light Scattering on Micro Structured Surface Coatings (RIBLET SENSOR)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-02-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 198928.8
EU funding (EUR): 149194.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to develop a preliminary configuration of an optical sensor that is able to detect sub-mum-degradations of microstructured coatings (e. g. riblets) with highest accuracy. The availability of such sensor is mandatory for the establishment of drag-reduction riblet structures on aircraft wings and/or body components. Any type of degradations of the riblet structure are unfavorable for their functionality and negatively affect the aspect of fuel savings. This makes a sensor necessary, that allows to measure the state of riblet degradation with highest accuracy in the course of aircraft maintenance. We propose an optical sensor whose principle function is based on a simple physical phenomenon: the scattering of light. This sensor probes the riblet surface with a coherent laser beam and analyzes the scattering pattern in direction of reflection. Particularly the angular intensity distribution of the scattering pattern is unambiguous for the shape of the microstructure. Any type of riblet-degradation is causally related to an alteration of the scattering pattern. Taking into account a periodic riblet microstructure of triangular shape with degradation, the scattering intensity distribution becomes complex. Hence, a great effort is required for the clear determination of type and state of degradation from the scattering pattern. We will address this task by combined theoretical and experimental studies of the scattering pattern. Theory yields calculations of the scattering pattern in the far-field for a variety of riblet shapes, spatial frequencies and for both non-degraded and degraded riblets. These calculations are compared with experimental studies on differently coated riblet structures, i.e. on real structures. Parameters that are characteristic for the device function (accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio) will be defined. The project ends with a preliminary configuration for an optical sensor with optimum specifications.

Keywords: optical sensor,light scattering,light-matter-interactions,microstructured surface coatings,riblets
Phase transition and polymerization of molecular solids by ab initio calculations and quantum Monte Carlo simulations (AB INITIO AND QMC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-03
End date: 2014-09-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209033.4
EU funding (EUR): 209033.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The chief goal of the proposal is to study the phase transitions and polymerization of molecular solids under pressure, which is of fundamental importance for the physics and chemistry of geological/planetary processes and in searching for new materials with advanced properties. The calculations and simulations will be performed within the framework of ab initio methods based on density functional theory (DFT) and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC), together with other computational schemes including ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) and metadynamics simulations. Two systems, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been chosen because of the scientific importance and potential applications, for instance, the possible superconductivity of high pressure HCl and the high energy density of polymeric CO. We already have some preliminary AIRSS results for CO, so we can proceed with more accurate QMC simulations immediately. Other interesting properties of high pressure phases of HCl and CO, e.g., metallization, hardness and superconductivity will also be studied. Based on the high quality of the researcher and the host, promising results are expected, which will definitely accelerate the professional career of the researcher and enhance the scientific excellence of the EU.

Keywords: solid state physics,computational physics,cristallography
Morphing Skin with a Tailored Non-conventional Laminate (MOSKIN)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: Greece,Netherlands
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2011-02, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 35.0
Total project cost (EUR): 398000.0
EU funding (EUR): 296950.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal aims to extend the capabilities of a composite laminate design tool D2B (Designed to Build) to demonstrate a flexible load carrying structural skin for morphing wings. A unique composite skin construction that will allow the skin stiffnesses to vary spatially so as to provide the most flexible skin that can be morphed with minimum energy requirements, while aerodynamic load carrying capability is maintained. The software tool will be used to produce laminate designs that fully take into account coupled bending and in-plane stiffnesses so that both load paths to achieve proper load transmission from the points of actuation loads on the skin to the fixed points, while the coupled tailored bending stiffness distribution will ensure achieving prescribed deformations. The desired stiffness distribution will be achieved by spatially varying the fibre orientation of the individual layers of the laminate by adopting a steered fibre construction, and by selectively terminating certain layers of the laminate to create a blended laminate thickness variation. The integrated tools will be used in an optimisation formulation with the objective of achieving a user defined deformed shape with constraints on strength, stiffness, fabrication limitations, actuation forces, while accounting for large deformations and aerodynamic loads. The optimisation formulation will also be able to calculate the energy requirement to achieve the deformed shape. The optimal fibre path distribution of the individual layers will be designed in a two-step design formulation. The first step will produce theoretically optimal stiffness distribution of the skin in terms of stiffness matrices, while satisfying strength and a limited number of manufacturing constraints. In the second step, fibre paths of the individual layers will be computed so as to achieve theoretically optimised stiffness distribution. The optimal design will be fabricated using a state of the art fibre-placement machine.

Keywords: morphing skin,tailored laminate,automated fibre-placement,aircraft leading edge,aerodynamic loads