Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
ELECTROWEAK PROCESSES IN SYSTEMS BOUND BY THE STRONG INTERACTION (ELECTROWEAK)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-04-25
End date: 2016-04-24
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 256206.0
EU funding (EUR): 256206.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposal is to deepen our knowledge of the role played by the electroweak interaction in systems bound by the strong interaction. Two main physical processes are due to the interplay of these fundamental forces of nature, and are therefore the focus of this proposal: lepton (electron, neutrino) scattering by atomic nuclei, and nuclear beta decays. Advanced theoretical methods will be used to obtain the structure of the strongly bound systems under study, based on a deformed mean field with residual interactions. The fundamental tenets of the electroweak theory will be applied to the study of lepton scattering and binding by nuclei, as well as to simple and double beta decays, including the neutrinoless mode in the latter case. All these processes have deep implications on hot topics in modern physics, ranging from Particle Physics (neutrino nature, standard model tests, nucleon structure) to Nuclear Physics (neutron distribution, deformation, beta decays), including Astrophysics (stellar nucleosynthesis, structure of neutron stars), Cosmology (neutrino masses and dark matter candidates) and Applied Physics (nuclear medicine, environmental and geophysical issues, nuclear reactors decay heat, etc.). Great experimental effort on the human and on the economic sides is currently being made on these fields (CERN, FAIR, GSI, ...) and therefore reliable theoretical guides as the ones proposed here are a must. They match with some of the recommendations included in the Long Range Plan of the Nuclear Physics European Collaboration Committee (European Science Foundation) for the next decade and beyond. A considerable transfer of knowledge concerning advanced theoretical methods and general research and teaching procedures is intended from the outgoing host institution (MIT Laboratory for Nuclear Science, USA) to the return host organization (Complutense University of Madrid, Spain).

Keywords: physical sciences,nuclear physics,particle physics,fundamental interactions and symmetries
Understanding the importance of viral Fitness Impairment after Transmission of HIV: Implication on HIV vaccine design (UNFITHIV)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-07-01
End date: 2014-10-22
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 278807.4
EU funding (EUR): 278807.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is an urgent need to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines to combat the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS pandemic, currently responsible for ~2 million deaths/year worldwide. The challenges encountered in developing vaccines to elicit broadly-neutralizing antibodies capable of blocking infection with diverse HIV strains, together with the wealth of evidence showing the importance of HIV-specific CD8 T cells in control of virus replication, have prompted efforts to develop T cell-inducing vaccines to combat HIV. However rational vaccine design is hampered by the current lack of understanding of features of an optimally-protective HIV-specific T cell response. HIV’s ability to evade T cell control by mutating to escape from T cell recognition suggests that it may be critical for vaccines to elicit broad T cell responses to limit viral escape. However T cell escape mutations can have fitness costs that may offset the effects of escape; furthermore transmission of unfit virus could lead to reduced viral replication in the recipient. We propose to perform an in-depth prospective analysis of viral interactions with the host CD8 T cell response in acute HIV infection to determine the importance of i. the fitness of the transmitted virus ii. the extent and kinetics of viral escape from the earliest CD8 T cell responses and iii. the viral fitness cost incurred in escaping from these early responses, in determining the prognostically-important set-point persisting viral load. This unique analysis of virus-host interplay will be made possible by the expertise in state-of-the-art molecular virological techniques that the fellowship applicant will bring to complement the host laboratory’s immunological expertise. Results from this study will give insight into whether vaccines should aim to induce CD8 T cell responses from which there is limited escape and/or induce responses that drive selection for escape mutations that reduce viral fitness.

Keywords: hiv infection,vaccines,immunology,cd8 t cells,immune escape,viral fitness,control of viremia,immune correlates,molecular design,de novo design
Into the Icehouse - Ocean temperatures from CLumped Isotopes in Benthic and planktic foraminifera across the Eocene-­Oligocene climate transition (CLIMBP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Analysis of the geologic record shows that Earth’s temperature raised suddenly, and plunged precipitously, many times in its history. These abrupt climate transitions presumably occurred because tipping points in the climate system were exceeded. What is the nature of these tipping points? About 34 million years ago one of these abrupt changes occurred, when Earth's climate shifted from a relatively ice-free world to one with glacial conditions and substantial ice sheets on Antarctica. How global climate and the ocean’s temperatures at surface and in the deep changed during this climate transition remains poorly understood, and evidence for the development of Northern Hemisphere polar ice sheets is controversial. The goal of CLImBP is to investigate this climate transition through the application of the new and powerful paleo-thermometer: clumped isotopes in carbonates. CLImBP will apply this method on benthic and planktonic foraminifera from samples across Eocene-Oligocene climate transition and accurately reconstruct changes in sea-surface and deep-sea temperatures. These reconstructions will be used to test climate model simulations of this transition and improve our understanding of tipping points in the climate system, which is important for the comprehension of modern global climate change.

Keywords: physical sciences,geochemistry,geological oceanography
Integrated Assessment of Soil Quality, Environmental Emissions and Agronomic Benefits from Land Application of Organic Waste Products (SOILWASTEBENEFITS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-11-07
End date: 2014-11-06
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 228082.2
EU funding (EUR): 228082.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Land application of organic amendments derived from waste materials from urban, industrial or agricultural activities (organic waste products: OWP) constitutes an important practice which can be used to increase or maintain soil organic carbon contents and improve soil quality. Land application of OWP results in many environmental and agronomic effects related to increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) contents. SOC provides nutrients for plants, increases the ability of soil to retain nutrients, increases soil porosity and water holding capacity, improve the resistance of soil to erosion. Land application of OWP also has a potential for climate change mitigation through sequestration of atmospheric CO2-C in SOC. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a powerful standardised method which allows to integrate all environmental impacts associated with different waste management options. LCA is becoming the default methodological approach at national and EU level whenever industry or authorities are assessing the environmental and societal impacts of new alternative technologies. However, LCA is currently biased due to the lack of consideration of the effects of OWP land application to the soil quality. As a result, the environmental benefits of land application of OWP are systematically underrated compared with other waste management options. The main objective of this project is to develop new and more appropriate assessment methods for the effects of land application of OWP of urban origin. This will be addressed by combining fundamental biogeochemical characterisation of soil organic matter in long-term field experiments with agro-ecosystem modelling to derive parameters to develop a new LCA methodology taking all the environmental effects of OWP application on agricultural land into account. The results of the proposed project are lightly to provide new insight in both the fields of SOC dynamics, agronomic and environmental effects of OWP land application and LCA.

Keywords: soil fertility,soil chemistry,waste management,biogeochemistry,environmental monitoring
Multifunctional Molecular Magnets through Cyanide Chemistry (MULTICYCHEM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Poland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149845.5
EU funding (EUR): 149845.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During the last decade, the most pressing technological problems have been alternative fuel storage and its controlled release, selective sorption, molecular sensing and processing of gasses, and high density data recording and storage, and information processing on a molecular level. These technological demands have led to an urgent need for new generations of intelligent materials, which, as opposed to conventional solids, can combine multiple functions. Molecular materials are well-suited to address these needs. In general molecular solids can be obtained via self assembly of the rationally designed pre-organized building blocks. However, achieving multifunctionality is a very challenging task requiring specific synthetic approach and close collaboration between chemists, physicists and materials scientists. The main purpose of the project is to develop rational strategies towards multifunctionality in molecular solids and in particular to design, obtain and characterize novel multifunctional molecular magnetic materials: (i) photo-switchable magnets where magnetization can be switched with light, (ii) porous magnets – compounds magnetically responsive to guest-molecules, (iii) enantiopure chiral magnets – compounds combining natural and magnetic optical activity and showing fascinating cross-effects. The title multifunctional compounds will be pursued via cyanide chemistry. Selected paramagnetic building blocks will be linked together in a rational way using cyanide or organocyanide ligands into 0-, 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional coordination assemblies. Additional functionalities will be introduced by incorporating appropriate auxiliary organic ligands. The obtained compounds will be investigated using state-of-the-art physical techniques including single-crystal neutron diffraction, magneto-optical measurements and muon spectroscopy. Overall, the studies will lead to novel multifunctional magnetic solids with possible technological applications.

Keywords: inorganic chemistry,coordination chemistry,supramolecular chemistry,crystal engineering,magnetic properties,molecular magnetism,multifunctional materials,chirality,photomagnetism
Diaminations of Alkenes using Metal-free Chemistry (DIALMEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Organic molecules of all shapes and sizes are required for a multitude of applications eg. in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries. Organic synthesis allows an insight into the way in which bonds between atoms can be formed or broken and how molecules can react with each other. Chemists are still faced with the challenge of converting simple, readily available molecules into complex structures as rapid, efficient, and cost-effective as possible. Therefore an increase in the efficiency of synthesis will provide enormous benefits to society, quality of life, and a sustainable future. In this context, the use of catalysis to promote chemical reactions will play a vital role. In this research proposal we outline the special properties of iodine-containing molecules. The properties of these compounds are wide spread and we will develop reactions using only catalytic amounts of these reagents. This means that one catalyst molecule will have the potential to create thousands of new molecules with special properties. The addition of small quantities of a catalyst to open up, accelerate, and fully control the outcome of complex chemical processes offers unparalleled opportunities for increasing the efficiency of organic synthesis. The development of these new iodine-containing catalysts and their application in various reactions such as the synthesis of diamines and aminoalcohols in cyclization reactions form the main part of this proposal. We hope to be able to establish concepts that can be also applied in different contexts than initially anticipated and provide positive contributions to organic synthesis and society.

Keywords: physical sciences,chemistry,organic chemistry,homogeneous catalysis
Cost-effective low-friction SEALS by Texturing During Moulding technology (TDM-SEALS)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research for the benefit of SMEs
Destination: Research for SME associations
Action type: Research for the benefit of specific groups
Countries involved: Spain,France,Italy,France,Spain,Germany,United Kingdom,Sweden
Call:  (FP7-SME-2012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2368797.92
EU funding (EUR): 1820000.0
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

As associations of the European plastic and rubber industry, one of our main duties is to monitor potential markets in order to identify novel trends and emerging market niches which can bring growth opportunities to our enterprises, mainly SMEs. In the sector of plastic and rubber seals there is clear and growing demand for higher performance, “zero-leak” seals. A seal is a device that joins mechanisms together, preventing leakage or mixing of fluids under different working pressures. Hydraulic and pneumatic equipments industry is together with the automotive industry, the largest industrial markets for seals. TDM-SEALS project aims to develop a novel production processes for the fabrication of low-friction plastic and rubber seals, at competitive prices. We propose using surface texturing of the components during the moulding, to achieve a reduction in the seal dynamic friction of >20%. Furthermore, the production process for surface textured seals will be optimised by reducing the production-cycle time related to the demoulding difficulties. To achieve this aim a novel ceramic coating for the moulds will be developed. The potential impact of the project are: 1) Cost effective production mechanism for the fabrication of moulded seals with a reduction (>20%) in their dynamic friction; 2) Reduce production costs related to the demoulding process, by developing ceramic coatings that reduce (>30%) the adherence elastomer-mould; 3) Opening access to new markets of sealing solutions for highly demanding applications. Thus, enabling SMEs to gain a competitive advantage; 4) Affordable low-friction sealing solutions that decrease their operational cost; 5) Affordable sealing solutions that reduce their energy consumption; 6) Affordable sealing solutions with enhanced tribological properties, reducing the risk of leakages.

Keywords: rubber seal automotive plastic
In vivo dynamics of nitrosylation and glutathionylation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (REDOXDYNAMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 193594.8
EU funding (EUR): 193594.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Living cells have evolved a complex network of signaling pathways and adaptative responses which enable them to survive and adapt to diverse environmental challenges. Our increasing understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell signaling has revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) act as signaling molecules to transfer extracellular or intracellular information and elicit specific responses. ROS/RNS mainly act through a set of reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) of thiol residues on proteins among which nitrosylation and glutathionylation have emerged as key elements playing a major role in numerous fundamental cell processes and are implicated in a broad spectrum of human diseases. Emerging evidence suggests the existence of an intricate network of redox signaling pathways with a complex crosstalk between the different types of redox modifications. A specific pattern of redox-based protein modifications likely constitutes a molecular language that allows to trigger specific responses in response to the input signal. The aim of this project is to investigate, using an innovative proteomic technology, the temporal and qualitative dynamics of redox-based PTMs in vivo. The method will allow qualitative and time-resolved detection of nitrosylation and glutathionylation that will be analyzed simultaneously and specifically from each sample. This technology will be combined to bioinformatics modeling to unravel the role of redox-based PTMs associated with the responses to diverse physiological conditions or with different genetic backgrounds in two model unicellular eukaryotes: the yeast S. cerevisiae and the green alga C. reinhardtii. By providing a method to understand the dynamics of redox-based PTMs, this project is expected to profoundly modify our knowledge of cell signaling mechanisms and thereby have a high impact both for fundamental and biomedical research.

Keywords: natural sciences,post-translational modifications,nitrosylation,glutathionylation,redox biology,trx,grx,ros,rns,saccharomyces,chlamydomonas,proteomics,in vivo
Farmers in Brussels: Agricultural Interest Groups and the Common Agricultural Policy, 1967-1992 (AGRIREFORM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 270145.8
EU funding (EUR): 270145.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project explores the lack of reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the oldest common policy of the present day European Union, prior to 1992. It does so by analysing the role and influence of organised farm interests as one of the main driving forces behind agricultural policy inertia. The project has two main aims. Firstly, it investigates how and to what extent farm interests became increasingly Europeanised in response to European policy changes and reform attempts of the CAP. Secondly, it explores whether and to what extent they successfully developed and used the European in addition to the national route of lobbying to defend the status quo of the policy. In exploring how and why farmers were able to prevent a reform of the CAP for 25 years, the project will trace the institutional and ideational Europeanisation of agricultural interests; explore the effects of these changes on farmers’ strategies for collective action; and assess their impact on the EU policy field. The project takes into account four national producers’ organisations in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, and two transnationally-constituted umbrella groups. To analyse how these organisations wielded power collectively to prevent CAP reform, the project focuses on two case studies of agricultural commodities: cereals and milk

Keywords: contemporary history,political history,agriculture policy,governance,involving society