Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Climate Sensitivity of Glacial Landscape Dynamics (COLD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499308.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499308.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

How do erosion rates in glacial landscapes vary with climate change and how do such changes affect the dynamics of mountain glaciers? Providing quantitative constraints towards this question is the main objective of COLD. These constraints are so important because mountain glaciers are sensitive to climate change and their deposits provide a unique history of Earths terrestrial climate that allows reconstructing leads and lags in the climate system. The climate sensitivity of mountain glaciers is influenced by debris on their surface that impedes ice melting. Theoretical models of frost-related bedrock fracturing predict that rates of debris production are temperature-sensitive and that its supply to mountain glaciers increases during warming periods. Thus a previously unrecognized negative feedback emerges that lowers ice melt rates and potentially buffers part of the ice retreat due to warming. However, the temperature-sensitivity of debris production in glacial landscapes is poorly understood. Specifically, we lack robust erosion rate estimates for these landscapes, which are key for testing models of frost-related bedrock fracturing. Here, I propose an innovative combination of new tools that capitalize on recent developments in cosmogenic nuclide geochemistry, landscape evolution modelling, and planetary-scale remote sensing analysis. I will use these tools to quantify headwall erosion rates in mountainous glacial landscapes and to gauge the sensitivity of mountain glaciers to variations in debris supply. Expected results will provide a basis for assessing the impacts of global warming, for improved predictions of valley glacier evolution, and for palaeoclimate interpretations of glacial landforms. COLD will focus on glacial landscapes, but the inverse modelling approach I will develop is applicable to any landscape on Earth and has the potential to fundamentally transform how we use cosmogenic nuclides to constrain Earth surface dynamics.

Keywords: geomorphology,debris covered glaciers,cosmogenic nuclides,erosion rates
LIVING TOGETHER: AN INTEGRATED ACCULTURATION-CONTACT STRATEGY TO PROMOTE ETHNIC HARMONY BETWEEN BRITISH MUSLIMS AND ANGLO-BRITONS (ICAPEH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-12-01
End date: 2021-01-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project integrates acculturation theory and the contact hypothesis to form a new strategy to promote positive intergroup relations among British Muslims and Anglo-Britons. This project will be the first of its kind and a timely one, considering the escalating ethnic tensions between the two groups. The primary aims of this research project are to: i) gather much-needed and current baseline British data on the acculturation orientation, level of contact, and intergroup attitudes among high school Muslim and Anglo British students; ii) develop, implement an experimental design, and longitudinally evaluate an acculturation-contact strategy to promote intergroup harmony between high school Muslim and Anglo British students; iii) empirically determine whether the extent of the acculturation-contact strategy effects on intergroup relationships vary by group status (Muslims vs. Britons) and gender; and iv) empirically identify and contrast possible mediators of the acculturation-contact strategy effects on intergroup relationships to understand the mechanism through which the strategy works. The novelty of this timely project lies in its careful integration of a strong acculturation-contact conceptual framework and the adoption of a strong longitudinal experimental design to promote British Muslims and Anglo-Britons’ harmony. This project will achieve this goal by (1) integrating two leading conceptual frameworks, Acculturation Theory and the Contact Hypothesis, that have not been put together conceptually and empirically so far; (2) implementing vital recommendations made for the best practice framework for the conduct of contact research; (3) introducing e-technology to strengthen students' Integrationist endorsement; and (4) providing applied cultural psychologists with a way forward that fosters the required cultural skills in Muslims and Anglo-Britons to endorse Integrationist views and to smoothly develop into multicultural citizens.

Keywords: integration,virtual contact,e contact,harmony,iintergroup relations
Low-Input Farming and Territories - Integrating knowledge for improving ecosystem-based farming (LIFT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Ireland,Italy,Germany,Belgium,Greece,Hungary,Sweden,Belgium,Poland,Romania,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Socio-eco-economics – socio-economics in ecological approaches (H2020-SFS-2017-2, 2017)
Start date: 2018-05-01
End date: 2022-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 5000000.0
Participants: 18
Project status: CLOSED

Ecological approaches to farming practices are gaining interest across Europe. As this interest grows there is a pressing need to assess the potential contributions these practices may make, the contexts in which they function and their attractiveness to farmers as potential adopters. In particular, ecological agriculture must be assessed against the aim of promoting the improved performance and sustainability of farms, rural environment, rural societies and economies, together. The overall goal of LIFT is to identify the potentiel benefits of the adoption of ecological farming in the European Union (EU) and to understand how socio-economic and policy factors impact the adoption, performance and sustainability of ecological farming at various scales, from the level of the single farm to that of a territory. To meet this goal, LIFT will assess the determinants of adoption of ecological approaches, and evaluate the performance and overall sustainability of these approaches in comparison to more conventional agriculture across a range of farm systems and geographic scales. LIFT will also develop new private arrangements and policy instruments that could improve the adoption and subsequent performance and sustainability of the rural nexus. For this, LIFT will suggest an innovative framework for multi-scale sustainability assessment aimed at identifying critical paths toward the adoption of ecological approaches to enhance public goods and ecosystem services delivery. This will be achieved through the integration of transdisciplinary scientific knowledge and stakeholder expertise to co-develop innovative decision-support tools. The project will inform and support EU priorities relating to agriculture and the environment in order to promote the performance and sustainability of the combined rural system. At least 30 case studies will be performed in order to reflect the enormous variety in the socio-economic and bio-physical conditions for agriculture across the EU.

Keywords: ecological farming,performance,sustainability,public goods,ecosystem services,labour productivity,job creation,working conditions,farmer knowledge,policies,multi scale analysis,participatory approach
Bone Surgery Preparation AIde (BSPA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2018-12-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Healthplus.ai has developed a Proof-of-Concept version (TRL level 3) of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool to be offered as a Software as a Service (SaaS) solution and able to automatically and very precisely annotate, segment and 3D visualize unique bone and fracture patient cases (goal is >98% accuracy compared to 90-92 with current solutions), within minutes (instead of hours to days), and at a fraction of current cost (€10 vs €1,200). This process will hence also enable automated and expedient determination to do exact measurements of distances, angles, depths, and making a list of required prosthetic materials to perform the bone operation as efficient and effective as possible. We are currently already partnered with several Dutch hospitals and a small number of internationally renowned institutions. Focus in this feasibility phase will be put on in-depth market study with/on end-users (key stakeholders) and the legal framework surrounding the innovation and future implementation within European hospitals. Also market sizes will be calculated further, a roadmap to regulatory approval set up, purchase (department) procedures per country worked out, and pricing strategy set after clear cost and value assessment. Various international partnerships will be assessed to accelerate the project and enhance its impact via well-established companies in the medical imaging technology workflow (Siemens, SECTRA, Phillips, Envoy.ai, et cetera). An important part of the study will address orthopedic device manufacturers. We will assess the possibility to extent our business model to create a second-side to the marketplace; As orthopedic device makers spend approximately 36% on marketing and sales (almost 11B USD in 2017 for the top ten manufacturers)

Keywords: ct imaging,bone segmentation,3dct,surgical planning,orthopaedics,trauma,surgery,machine,learning,deep learning,artificial intelligence,convolutional neural networks,algorithms
The Neurobiology of Magnetic Orientation in Mammals (NeuroMagMa)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2026-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1493375.0
EU funding (EUR): 1493375.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Many animals use the Earth’s magnetic field for orientation, but the sensory cells and molecular mechanisms of the magnetic sense remain a mystery. I propose to tackle this fundamental problem in sensory biology with a top-down approach that exploits state-of-the-art methodology to unravel the neural circuits underlying magnetic orientation. To take advantage of the knowledge and toolkits available for rodent brains I chose a rodent model organism: Mole-rats, which navigate through a maze of underground tunnels for their entire life in total darkness. Their magnetic sense is well established and they can be bred in the laboratory. My project has three ambitious aims: (1) the identification of brain regions that process magnetic stimuli, (2) the discovery of the primary receptor cells, and (3) the characterization of magnetic inputs into head direction cells. Aim 1: Modern tissue clearing techniques allow rendering brains transparent to analyse them in toto. We couple iDISCO brain clearing with the detection of immediate early genes to create a global map of the mole-rat brain regions that process magnetic fields. Aim 2: We make use of the circuitry discovered in Aim 1 to deduce the locus of the magnetoreceptors. Combining neuronal tracing with high-sensitivity imaging methods to detect of magnetite, we will meticulously search for the magnetoreceptors in peripheral tissues. Aim 3: We will establish the first single-unit recordings in freely moving mole-rats. How do head direction (HD) cells function in an animal without access to visual landmarks? My hypothesis is that the HD signal in the mole-rat brain encodes magnetic directions. We will test this by recording from brain areas identified in Aim 1 under different magnetic conditions. Can we discover the first mammal magnetic compass neurons? This project employs a systematic neurobiological approach that will fundamentally advance our understanding of the neuronal substrates of the magnetic sense.

Keywords: neural basis of navigation,biosynthesis of magnetic materials,magnetogenetics
The first portable monitoring medical device providing accurate prognosis for patients with circulatory failure (Oximonitor)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Norway
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2019-06-30
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Microcirculatory failure (the inability to deliver sufficient O2 to the cells of the body), is a symptom from several health conditions affecting millions of individuals worldwide (e.g. heart failure, neonatal asphyxia or sepsis). The societal and financial impact of these conditions is enormous, as exemplified by patients in need of cardiac and respiratory support (such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation life support or ECMO), with only 17% of survivors, while costing up to 1.35 M€ for a 1-year treatment. Specialists cannot predict if these patients are clinically dead or can recover because available medical devices do not allow to monitoring patient´s microcirculatory function. To solve this, at ODI Medical (a Norwegian start-up company) we have developed OXIMONITOR, the first-ever proof-of-concept validated, patented and non-invasive point of care (POC) integrated platform used bedside that accurately monitors microcirculatory function by quantifying O2 delivery and allows to assess the effectiveness of the patient´s treatment of choice, all in a user-friendly manner. OXIMONITOR incorporates: (1) The mLab hardware which creates an “optical fingerprint” of the patient’s circulatory function by collecting data from the surface of the patient’s skin, the conjunctiva or even sublingually. (2) The cLab; a Cloud computing software based on machine learning technology that collects and analyses the data generating the patient´s interpretation report, which is sent back to the clinical site through a user-friendly dashboard for decision-making. The market of cardiac monitoring (our first clinical application) will reach €22 billion by 2022 at a CAGR of 3.9% (2017-2022). With OXIMONITOR we will contribute to the viability of our company, generating a cumulative profit of 34.39 M€ (ROI of 12.75) and growing our staff count 400% by 2023. Likewise, the IP generated by this project will allow us to expand the number of clinical applications using our platform.

Keywords: health cardiac and cardiovascular systems,clinical medicine,critical care and emergency medicine,diagnostic tools,medical devices,patients care
Experimental Virology for Assessing Disease Emergence Risks (EVADER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANT (ERC-2020-ADG, 2020)
Start date: 2022-05-01
End date: 2027-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2436500.0
EU funding (EUR): 2436500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The emergence of new human pathogenic viruses from animal reservoirs is an increasing concern, but also a poorly understood process. Massive sequencing programs have been recently launched to characterize wildlife viruses, but empirical information on how these viruses function and whether they can potentially infect humans is needed. However, the isolation and culturing of wildlife viruses is too often unfeasible due to technical issues, biosafety concerns, or lack of full-length sequence information. Furthermore, we need to investigate viral emergence from an evolutionary standpoint to better understand how host-range mutants appear and adapt to human cells. To achieve these goals, we will focus on the receptor-dependent cell tropism of enveloped RNA viruses, a central and experimentally tractable process involved in viral emergence. First, we will use high-throughput gene synthesis to create hundreds of pseudoviruses coated with the envelopes of previously uncharacterized wildlife viruses belonging to different families, and we will examine their ability to infect a panel of humans cells from various tissues. This will deliver the most comprehensive landscape of viral human cell infectivity to date. Second, we will use experimental evolution, massive parallel sequencing, and site-directed mutagenesis to explore how viral envelopes diversify, undergo cell tropism shifts, and adapt to human cells. This will provide important clues about the role of spontaneous mutation in viral emergence, and may reveal repeatable evolutionary pathways that could help us improve outbreak predictability. Finally, we will use our experimental results to infer candidate cell receptors for wildlife viruses using machine learning, and to explore the feasibility of broad-range, clade-level antiviral therapies that could be used for combating emerging viruses in the future.

Keywords: experimental evolution,virology,zoonosis,emergent diseases,synthetic biology,viral pseudotyping,comparative biology
Multi-contact Collaborative Humanoids in Aircraft Manufacturing (COMANOID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Advanced interfaces and robots: Robotics and smart spaces
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: Robotics SPARC (cPPP)
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,France,France,France,France
Call: Robotics (H2020-ICT-2014-1, 2014)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4244481.25
EU funding (EUR): 4244481.25
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

COMANOID investigates the deployment of robotic solutions in well-identified Airbus airliner assembly operations that are laborious or tedious for human workers and for which access is impossible for wheeled or rail-ported robotic platforms. As a solution to these constraints a humanoid robot is proposed to achieve the described tasks in real-use cases provided by Airbus Group. At a first glance, a humanoid robotic solution appears extremely risky, since the operations to be conducted are in highly constrained aircraft cavities with non-uniform (cargo) structures. Furthermore, these tight spaces are to be shared with human workers. Recent developments, however, in multi-contact planning and control suggest that this is a much more plausible solution than current alternatives such as a manipulator mounted on multi-legged base. Indeed, if humanoid robots can efficiently exploit their surroundings in order to support themselves during motion and manipulation, they can ensure balance and stability, move in non-gaited (acyclic) ways through narrow passages, and also increase operational forces by creating closed-kinematic chains. Bipedal robots are well suited to narrow environments specifically because they are able to perform manipulation using only small support areas. Moreover, the stability benefits of multi-legged robots that have larger support areas are largely lost when the manipulator must be brought close, or even beyond, the support borders. COMANOID aims at assessing clearly how far the state-of-the-art stands from such novel technologies. In particular the project focuses on implementing a real-world humanoid robotics solution using the best of research and innovation. The main challenge will be to integrate current scientific and technological advances including multi-contact planning and control; advanced visual-haptic servoing; perception and localization; human-robot safety and the operational efficiency of cobotics solutions in airliner manufacturing.

Keywords: robotics for aircraft manufacturing,humanoid robotics