Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Connectors – an international study into the development of children’s everyday practices of participation in circuits of social action (CONNECTORS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 67.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1469296.0
EU funding (EUR): 1469296.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Participation – defined in this project as the social practice of engaging in personal and social change – links private and public life, biography and history, and forms a mechanism for social action. Twenty years after the ratification of the United Nations Convention for the Rights of the Child (1989) the international community is no closer to identifying what constitutes a ‘good enough’ model for understanding and supporting the development of children’s participation in public life. The project asks game changing questions about the emergence of children’s orientation towards social action through qualitative, longitudinal and cross-national research. Building on biographical interviews with children, relational and geographical mapping techniques, selective participant-observation with children, and children social research workshops in three cities (London, Athens, Mumbai), the project examines the meaning of personal and social change in middle childhood (6-11 year olds), the circuits of social action that children tap into in an attempt to make changes real, the extent to which privilege, marginalization and economic crisis shape children’s practices of participation, and the ways in which encounters with difference (gender, ethnicity, race, religion) challenge children’s orientation towards social action. By sampling children from a diverse cross-section of each city the project will collect and follow a total of 100 children over a five-year period. The project will provide a rich data sources for making within and between country comparisons and in doing so enable the development a theoretical paradigm for understanding children’s participation that is derived from the bottom-up, that is generated in diverse settings, including non-Western, and that takes advantage of the current rupture to established socio-economic realities to ask questions about the future of social action.

Keywords: children's participation rights,social action,social innovation,social justice,qualitative longitudinal research methods
New phylogenetic methods for inferring complex population dynamics (PHYPD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Evolutionary, population and environmental biology
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1471582.0
EU funding (EUR): 1471582.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The field of phylogenetics is undergoing an important change over recent time. For a long time phylogenetics focussed on describing the species tree as accurate as possible. More recently there is a shift towards a functional inference of the evolutionary process itself, i.e. researchers attempt to infer what processes are most likely responsible for the particular pattern of branching observed in a given phylogeny. Phylogenetics has traditionally been developed for macroevolution. Recently, it has been recognized that the phylogenetic concept is also crucial for improving our understanding of epidemiological processes. In an epidemiological phylogeny, tips of the tree are corresponding to infected hosts (instead of extant species), and branching events correspond to transmission events (instead of speciation events). In the first part of the project, I propose to develop novel phylogenetic methodology that will allow us to characterize fundamental evolutionary processes based on species phylogenies. I will aim at identifying key factors (such as environment, competition between species, or microevolutionary processes) determining macroevolutionary dynamics. Insight into these dynamics will allow us to address fundamental evolutionary questions such as the advantages of recombination as well as to revisit current debates about the impact of climate change on diversity. In the second part of the proposed project, I will develop tools identifying the main drivers responsible for the spread of an epidemic, which may help informing public health intervention strategies. Furthermore, I aim at characterizing bottlenecks at transmission, which may become important for early treatment strategies or vaccine design. Completion of the projects will deepen our understanding of macroevolutionary and epidemiological dynamics, as well as lead to novel phylogenetic tools allowing us to analyse the growing amount of available data, such as next-generation sequence data.
Cracking the emotional code of music (CREAM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499992.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499992.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to "crack" the emotional code of music, i.e. to provide, for the first time, a precise characterization of what type of music signal is able to activate one emotion or another. Research into this problem so far has been mainly correlating indistinct emotional reactions to uncontrolled musical stimuli, with much technical sophistication but to little avail. Project CREAM builds on the PI's unique bi-disciplinary career spanning both computer science and cognitive neuroscience, to propose a radically novel approach: instead of using audio signal processing to simply observe musical stimuli a posteriori, we will harvest a series of recent developments in the field to build powerful new tools of experimental control, able to engineer musical stimuli that can activate specific emotional pathways (e.g. music manipulated to sound like expressive speech, or to sound like survival-relevant environmental sounds). By combining this creative use of new technologies with a well-concerted mix of methods from experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience (incl. psychoacoustics, fNIRS brain imaging, EEG/ERP paradigms, intercultural studies, infant studies), project CREAM will yield the first functional description of the neural and cognitive processes involved in the induction of emotions by music, and establish new avenues for interdisciplinary research between the life sciences and the information sciences. But most spectacularly, the fundamental breakthroughs brought by project CREAM will unlatch the therapeutic potential of musical emotions. Music will become a cognitive technology, with algorithms able to "engineer" it to mobilize one neuronal pathway or another, non-intrusively and non-pharmacologically. Within the proposed 5-year plan, support from the ERC will allow to implement a series of high-impact clinical studies with are direct applications of our findings, e.g. for the linguistic rehabilitation of aphasic stroke victims.
Benefit-sharing for an equitable transition to the green economy - the role of law (BENELEX)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-11-01
End date: 2018-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1481708.0
EU funding (EUR): 1481708.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

Can benefit-sharing address the equity deficit within the green economy? This project aims to investigate benefit-sharing as an under-theorised and little-implemented regulatory approach to the equity concerns (disregard for the special circumstances of developing countries and of indigenous peoples and local communities) in transitioning to the green economy. Although benefit-sharing is increasingly deployed in a variety of international environmental agreements and also in human rights and corporate accountability instruments, no comprehensive account exists of its conceptual and practical relevance to equitably address global environmental challenges. This project will be the first systematic evaluation of the conceptualisations and operationalisations of benefit-sharing as a tool for equitable change through the allocation among different stakeholders of economic and also socio-cultural and environmental advantages arising from natural resource use. The project will combine a comparative study of international law with empirical legal research, and include an inter-disciplinary study integrating political sociology in a legal enquiry on the role of “biocultural community protocols” that articulate and implement benefit-sharing at the intersection of international, transnational, national and indigenous communities’ customary law (global environmental law). The project aims to: 1. develop a comprehensive understanding of benefit-sharing in international law; 2. clarify whether and how benefit-sharing supports equity and the protection of human rights across key sectors of international environmental regulation (biodiversity, climate change, oceans, food and agriculture) that are seen as inter-related in the transition to the green economy; 3. understand the development of benefit-sharing in the context of global environmental law; and 4. clarify the role of transnational legal advisors (NGOs and bilateral cooperation partners) in the green economy.

Keywords: international environmental law,political sociology,empirical legal research,transnational legal advisors,equity,indigenous peoples,corporate accountability,bio-cultural community protocol
Direct and Indirect Emotion Regulation as a New Path of Conflict Resolution (EMOTIONS IN CONFLICT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1503443.39
EU funding (EUR): 1499343.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Intractable conflicts are one of the gravest challenges to both humanity and science. These conflicts are initiated and perpetuated by people; therefore changing people's hearts and minds constitutes a huge step towards resolution. Research on emotions in conflicts has led to the realization that intergroup emotions are critical to conflict dynamics. This project’s intrinsic question is whether and how intergroup emotions can be regulated to alter attitudes and behavior towards peace. I offer an innovative path, using two strategies of emotion regulation. The first is Direct Emotion Regulation, where traditional, effective emotion regulation strategies can be used to change intergroup emotional experiences and subsequently political positions in conflict situations. The second, Indirect Emotion Regulation, serves to implicitly alter concrete cognitive appraisals, thus changing attitudes by changing discrete emotions. This is the first attempt ever to integrate psychological aggregated knowledge on emotion regulation with conflict resolution. I propose 16 studies, conducted in the context of the intractable Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Seven studies will focus on direct emotion regulation, reducing intergroup anger and hatred, while 9 studies will focus on indirect regulation, aspiring to reduce fear and despair. In both paths, correlational and in-lab experimental studies will be used to refine adequate strategies of down regulating destructive emotions, the results of which will be used to develop innovative, theory-driven education and media interventions that will be tested utilizing wide scale experience sampling methodology. This project aspires to bridge the gap between basic and applied science, creating a pioneering, interdisciplinary framework which contributes to existing knowledge on emotion regulation in conflict and implements ways to apply it in real-world circumstances.

Keywords: emotion regulation,intergroup emotions in conflict,conflict resolution
In vitro reconstitution and mechanistic dissection of Intraflagellar Transport in C.elegans sensory cilia (DISSECTIFT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1497740.0
EU funding (EUR): 1497740.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cilia are microtubule-based protrusions of the plasma membrane found on many eukaryotic cells, including most cell types of the human body. Whereas the functions of motile cilia were immediately obvious, the role of the immotile or so-called primary cilia remained largely unrecognized for many decades. Once referred to as aberrant solitary cilia with no obvious function, these ancient structures now hold the promise of revealing no less than the secrets of multicellularity and development. Even though the importance of primary cilia is now evident, molecular mechanisms underlying their assembly and function are far from being understood. The construction and maintenance of cilia relies on an ancient, universally conserved machinery termed IntraFlagellar Transport (IFT). IFT requires a multi-subunit, non-membranous protein complex assembled from more than 20 distinct subunits. At the heart of IFT are the microtubule-associated motors, -kinesin and dynein-, that continuously ferry cargo in a bi-directional fashion needed for ciliary assembly and function. To pave the way towards a molecular understanding of this fascinating organelle, we propose to employ a bottom-up approach in which we stepwise reconstitute the IFT complex from recombinantly expressed subunits of the so far best understood primary cilium from C.elegans. The structural integrity and stability of the IFT complex will be characterized using multifaceted approaches such as chemical crosslinking or thermophoresis. To mechanistically dissect the kinesin-dependent transport in vitro, we will make use of enzymatic bulk and single-molecule assays. Collectively, these results will provide a quantitative understanding of the assembly and kinesin-dependent motility of the IFT machinery. Given that cells mobilize ~600 components to build their cilia, this experimental platform will significantly streamline future efforts to identify novel cargoes and the effects of putative regulators of the IFT machinery.
METABOLIC BASIS OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE (BEYOND)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2013-ADG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2020-01-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2415229.0
EU funding (EUR): 2415229.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia affecting millions of patients worldwide. Disturbingly, disorders of lipid and glucose metabolism emerge as major risk factors for onset and progression of neurodegeneration in the human population. Thus, an increasing life expectance combined with an observable rise in metabolic disturbances is expected to turn AD into one of the most serious health problems for future generations. Still, the molecular mechanisms whereby dysregulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis elicits noxious insults to the brain remain poorly understood. We characterized a novel class of intracellular sorting receptors, termed VPS10P domain receptors with dual roles in regulation of neuronal viability and function, but also in modulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis. Our proposal aims at elucidating an important yet poorly understood link between metabolism and neurodegeneration that converges on these receptors. Our approach is unique and novel in several ways. Thematically, our studies focus on a novel class of receptors previously not considered. Based on the receptors’ ability to act as sorting proteins, we propose faulty protein trafficking as a major unifying concept underlying neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. Conceptually, our approach relies on the interdisciplinary effort of neuroscientists and metabolism researchers working jointly on pathophysiological pathways converging on these receptors. Through this effort, we are confident to gain important insights into the crosstalk between brain and peripheral tissues, and to elucidate pathways common to metabolic disturbances and dementia, two prevailing degenerative disorders inflicting our societies.

Keywords: lipoprotein receptors,endocytosis,metabolic risk factors of alzheimer disease,vps10p domain receptors,neurodegeneration,brain lipoprotein metabolism,apoe,amyloidogenic processing,mouse models
Certified Code Generation of Model-Based Modelica Controllers (CERTMOD)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Joint Technology Initiatives (Annex IV-SP1)
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky
Action type: Article 171 of the Treaty
Partnership: CLEAN-SKY (Art-185)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (SP1-JTI-CS-2012-03, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199296.0
EU funding (EUR): 98187.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the Clean Sky consortium, several members are working on modelling and simulation of aircraft systems with the multi-domain modelling language Modelica. The final goal is to not only utilize these models for design and evaluation, but also to directly use Modelica controller models for generation of certified code in embedded systems. On one hand this will improve the system design process, since controllers developed in Modelica won’t need to be coded manually in a different language. On the other hand advanced nonlinear controllers could possibly be certified and thus applied on-board an aircraft. The objective of the CertMod project is to define the type of models and the Modelica 3.3 subset that shall be handled. This subset will be based on the discrete extensions of Modelica 3.3, including clocks and state machines. Once this subset is identified a prototype of a DO-178B Level A qualified code generator will be developed. This code generator will be an extension of the already existing SCADE Suite KCG code generator that has been qualified at Level A for DO-178B on numerous aircraft projects (Airbus A380, Boeing 787, etc.) by all civilian aeronautics certification authorities (FAA, EASA, etc.) . It will produce the C source code the controller that can be guaranteed to be a correct implementation of the input Modelica model. In order to do so, a preliminary phase will be added to KCG in order to perform a translation from the identified Modelica 3.3 subset into an intermediate form of KCG. Work will be performed to prototype the elements of the code generator that are necessary to qualify the tool. This includes traceability from the input Modelica model down to the C generated code, various types of specification and design documents, and a procedure to extensively test the code generator. Two representative Modelica models will be provided by DLR, the topic manager, and will be used to validate the code generator prototype.

Keywords: control engineering,embedded software,avionics,certification,do-178b,tool qualification,model-based design,modelica,scade,lustre,esterel,fmi,fmu,compiler,automatic code generator
State Encroachment on Civil Society? A Comparative Study of Parties, Interest Groups and Welfare-Providing Organizations in Contemporary Democracies (STATORG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-StG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-12-01
End date: 2019-11-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 864972.0
EU funding (EUR): 864972.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This interdisciplinary project compares the regulatory frameworks governing membership-based, voluntary organizations (VOs) in long-lived democracies and assesses how these frameworks affect VOs’ operations. It studies interest groups, parties and welfare-providers as three VO types interacting with the state at different stages of the political process. State control over organized civil society is at odds with pluralist values and supposed to weaken VOs’ linkages to citizens. Simultaneously, specialist literatures in political science and sociology point to ‘their’ VOs’ entanglement with the state, while comparative legal and public policy scholars note that governments, in recent reforms, increased their control over which VOs receive funds and how funds can be used. In times of austerity, welfare state retrenchment and declining trust in elected institutions the regulatory frameworks governing VOs are changing, deeply affecting organizational life in a democracy. Only an up-to-date overview of current frameworks allows us to examine whether close state-voluntary relations compromise VO autonomy and reduce VOs’ beneficial effects for democracy. This project tackles these important issues through two modules integrated through a mixed methods design. Module 1 develops an analytical framework to compare the regulation of VOs cross-nationally and applies it to 19 long-lived democracies. Based on this mapping, it specifies and theorizes distinct normative conceptions of state-voluntary relations underpinning democracies. Offering a new approach to VO development, Module 2 studies qualitatively (through in-depth interviews and document analysis) how individual VOs adapt to ‘most different’ regimes - each regime representative of one state-voluntary conception identified in Module 1-, while testing quantitatively (through event history analysis) how far the features that VOs acquire in this process affect their likelihood to survive under varying regulatory conditions.

Keywords: state-society relations,voluntary organizations,organizational evolution and adaptation