Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Anton Francesco Doni – Multimedia Archive Texts and Sources (AFDMATS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2012-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 559200.0
EU funding (EUR): 559200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at creating a multimedia archive of the printed works of Anton Francesco Doni, who was not only an author but also a typographer, a publisher and a member of the Giolito and Marcolini’s editorial staff. The analysis of Doni’s work may be a good way to investigate appropriation, text rewriting and image reusing practices which are typical of several authors of the 16th Century, as clearly shown by the critics in the last decades. This project intends to bring to light the wide range of impulses from which Doni’s texts are generated, with a great emphasis on the figurative aspect. The encoding of these texts will be carried out using the TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) guidelines, which will enable any single text to interact with a range of intertextual references both at a local level (inside the same text) and at a macrostructural level (references to other texts by Doni or to other authors). The elements that will emerge from the textual encoding concern: A) The use of images Real images: the complex relation between Doni’s writing and the xylographies available in Marcolini’s printing-house or belonging to other collections. Mental images: the remarkable presence of verbal images, as descriptions, ekphràseis, figurative visions, dreams and iconographic allusions not accompanied by illustrations, but related to a recognizable visual repertoire or to real images that will be reproduced. B) The use of sources A parallel archive of the texts most used by Doni will be created. Digital anastatic reproductions of the 16th-Century editions known by Doni will be provided whenever available. The various forms of intertextuality will be divided into the following typologies: allusions; citations; rewritings; plagiarisms; self-quotations. Finally, the different forms of narrative (tales, short stories, anecdotes, lyrics) and the different idiomatic expressions (proverbial forms and wellerisms) will also be encoded.

Keywords: application of computer science to literary studies,book and printing history
Poisson Algebras, deformations and resolutions of singularities (POISSONALGEBRAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The general topics of this proposal are Poisson algebras, their quantisations and their resolutions. Poisson algebras first appeared in the work of Poisson two centuries ago when he was studying the three-body problem in celestial mechanics. Since then, Poisson algebras have been shown to be connected to many areas of mathematics and physics (differential geometry, Lie groups and representation theory, noncommutative geometry, integrable systems, quantum field theory...), and so, because of its wide range of applications, their study is of great interest for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists. Currently, this subject is one of the most active in both mathematics and mathematical physics. One way to approach Poisson algebras is via quantisation. In this context, Poisson algebras are the semiclassical limits of noncommutative algebras. Naturally, this suggests that the underlying geometry of a Poisson algebra should be intimately connected to the noncommutative geometry of the corresponding "quantum'' noncommutative algebra; the noncommutative geometry of the "quantum'' spaces is closely related to the geometry of the space of symplectic leaves. The first main aim of this proposal is to gain a better understanding of the link between Poisson algebras and their "quantum counterparts'', and then, of course, use it to derive some new results on Poisson and "quantum'' algebras. In the singular case, another way to attack (singular) Poisson algebras is to consider their resolutions of singularities. Roughly speaking, the idea is to attach to a singular Poisson algebra another Poisson algebra that is smooth and that keeps track, at least on the smooth part, of the Poisson structure of the original singular Poisson algebra. The second aim of this project is to study such resolutions; more precisely, we will study the relationship between symplectic singularities and their symplectic resolutions from the point-of-view of representation theory and combinatorics.

Keywords: algebra,geometry
Deep Earth Chemistry of the Core (DECORE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1509200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1509200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Core formation represents the major chemical differentiation event on the terrestrial planets, involving the separation of a metallic liquid from the silicate matrix that subsequently evolves into the current silicate crust and mantle. The generation of the Earth’s magnetic field is ultimately tied to the segregation and crystallization of the core, and is an important factor in establishing planetary habitability. The processes that control core segregation and the depths and temperatures at which this process took place are poorly understood, however. We propose to study those processes. Specifically, the density of the core is lower than would be expected for pure iron, indicating that a light component (O, Si, S, C, H) must be present. Similarly, the Earth’s mantle is richer in iron-loving (“siderophile”) elements, e.g, V, W, Mo, Ru, Pd, etc., than would be expected based upon low pressure metal-silicate partitioning data. Solutions to these problems are hampered by the pressure range of existing experimental data, < 25 GPa, equivalent to ~700 km in the Earth. We propose to extend the accessible range of pressures and temperatures by developing protocols that link the laser-heated diamond anvil cell with analytical techniques such as (i) the NanoSIMS, (ii) the focused ion beam device (FIB), (iii) and transmission and secondary electron microscopy, allowing us to obtain quantitative data on element partitioning and chemical composition at extreme conditions relevant to the Earth’s lower mantle. The technical motivation follows from the fact that the real limitation on trace element partitioning studies at ultra high-pressure has been the grain size of the phases produced at high P-T, relative to the spatial resolution of the analytical methods available to probe the experiments; we can bridge the gap by combining state-of-the-art laser heating experiments with new nano-scale analytical techniques.

Keywords: mineral physics,experimental petrology,geochemistry,extreme conditions,diamond anvil cell,laser heating,nanosims,fib
Computational Anatomy of Fetal Brain (FBRAIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 753393.0
EU funding (EUR): 753393.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Studies about brain maturation aim at providing a better understanding of brain development and links between brain changes and cognitive development. Such studies are of great interest for diagnosis help and clinical course of development and treatment of illnesses. Several teams have begun to make 3D maps of developing brain structures from children to young adults. However, working out the development of fetal and neonatal brain remains an open issue. This project aims at jumping over several theoretical and practical barriers and at going beyond the formal description of the brain maturation thanks to the development of a realistic numerical model of brain aging. In this context, Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is a fundamental tool to study structural brain development across age group. We will rely on new image processing tools combining morphological information provided by T2-weighted MR images and diffusion information (degree of myelination and fiber orientation) given by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The joint analysis of these anatomical features will stress the generic maturation of normal fetal brain. We will first rely on mathematical models to allow reconstruction of high resolution 3D MR images in order to extract relevant features of brain maturation. The results issued from this first step will be used to build statistical atlases and to characterize the neuroanatomical differences between a reference group and the population under investigation. From a methodological point of view, our approach relies on an interdisciplinary research framework aiming at combining medical research to neuroimaging, image processing, statistical modelling and computer science. The robust characterization of the anatomical features of fetal brain and the development of a realistic model of brain maturation from biological concepts will come out from the strong interactions between these different research fields.

Keywords: fetal magnetic resonance imaging,image processing,statistical analysis
New Sources of Natural, Gastric Stable, Food Additives, Colourants and Novel Functional Foods (COLORSPORE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Fork to farm: Food (including seafood), health and well being
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Germany,Italy,Viet Nam,Türkiye,France,Switzerland,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-KBBE-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2011-11-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4102563.0
EU funding (EUR): 2999101.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Functional foods provide a buoyant growth sector and the use of carotenoids is the most dynamic not only as colorants but as food additives. One issue with these products is their instability both on the shelf and upon digestion. Recently, gastric-stable bacterial-derived carotenoid preparations have been discovered by members of this consortium and these 2nd generation carotenoid preparations, and the bacteria that produce them will be studied. Existing prototypes will be developed as potential food additives but an extensive screen for new 2nd generation prototypes will also be made from marine environments. The consortium includes microbiologists, biochemists and food bio-technologists and will determine the identity of new carotenoid preparations and the bacteria that produce them. The nutritional value of these bacteria will be assessed and a risk-benefit assessment made using modern metabolomic technologies as well as traditional toxicology in order to designate the prototypes as QPS (ie, qualified presumption of safety). Bioprocessing of these bacterial carotenoid preparations will eliminate traditional chemical synthesis and the use of organic solvents. Also the delivery system will utilise a synergistic biological matrix making it a sustainable source. The use of these bacteria as colour-nutritional additives will be assessed by process optimisations, colour and texture analysis. The consortium includes 9 partners, including one ICPC and one associated country. Two IND partners, one an SME, will work together to exploit prototypes as additives, colourants and as functional foods. This will include patenting, licensing and the opening of new markets. Both IND partners are looking for new markets in the food additive/functional food sector and this project will enable them to identify new markets. The project will directly impact the food industry by developing new, natural as well as novel food additives and ingredients that can replace synthetic ones.

Keywords: carotenoids,colorants,additives,foods,novel food,functional food,bacillus,spores,bacteria,pigment,marine,microbe,probiotic,nutrafood
Group Actions: Interactions between Dynamical Systems and Arithmetic (GADA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 750000.0
EU funding (EUR): 750000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our main goal is to apply the powerful analytical tools that are now emerging from areas of more "applicable" parts of mathematics such as ergodic theory, random walks, harmonic analysis and additive combinatorics to some longstanding open problems in more theoretical parts of mathematics such as group theory and number theory. The recent work of Green and Tao about arithmetic progressions of prime numbers, or Margulis' celebrated solution of the Oppenheim Conjecture about integer values of quadratic forms are examples of the growing interpenetration of such seemingly unrelated fields. We have in mind an explicit set of problems: a uniform Tits alternative, the equidistribution of dense subgroups, the Andre-Oort conjecture, the spectral gap conjecture, the Lehmer problem. All these questions involve group theory in various forms (discrete subgroups of Lie groups, representation theory and spectral theory, locally symmetric spaces and Shimura varieties, dynamics on homogeneous spaces of arithmetic origin, Cayley graphs of large finite groups, etc) and have also a number theoretic flavor. Their striking common feature is that each of them enjoys some intimate relationship, whether by the foreseen methods to tackle it or by its consequences, with ergodic theory on the one hand and harmonic analysis and combinatorics on the other. We believe that the new methods being currently developed in those fields will bring crucial insights to the problems at hand. This proposed research builds on previous results obtained by the author and addresses some of the most challenging open problems in the field.

Keywords: lie groups,discrete subgroups,ergodic theory,random walks,arithmetic groups,diophantine geometry
S-nitrosylation mediated signalling during the response to different stresses:A proteomic-based approach for functional characterization of leaf peroxisome S-nitrosylatied proteins (NO SIGNAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-11-01
End date: 2010-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Peroxisomes are organelles that have an essentially oxidative type of metabolism. In plant peroxisomes the presence of proteases and a set of antioxidative enzymes have been demonstrated. In addition, the presence of nitric oxide synthase suggests that they are a cellular source of NO and adds new cellular functions to peroxisomes related to oxygen and nitrogen reactive species as they have the capacity to generate and release into the cytosol important signal molecules. The study of the regulation of these molecules that could mediate the inter-organellar communication is an important emerging area in plant research, which can supply more information on peroxisomal contribution throughout plant development and in plant response to different stress condition. Recent evidences indicate that in animal tissues NO regulates diverse biologic processes by directly modifying proteins. NO and RNS can oxidize, nitrate or nitrosylate proteins. S-nitrosylation refers to the binding of a NO group to a cysteine residue and it could play a central role in NO-mediated signalling. Accumulating data suggest that many proteins are S-nitrosylated by NO indicating that S-nitrosylation may be a ubiquitous post-translational modification regulating protein function. It has been shown that S-nitrosylation plays a comparable role to phosphorylation in animal cell biology and signal transduction. However, very little is known about the dimension of the physiological function of S-nitrosylation in plants. The aim of the proposed project is to assess the occurrence of S-nitrosylation in plant peroxisomes, with the identification and functional characterization of the NO-target proteins. Additionally, we propose the study of the changes in the pattern of S-nitrosylated proteins during different stress conditions that will help us to understand the functional consequences and the relevance of S-nitrosylation and the role of peroxisomes in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

Keywords: plant genetics,proteomics,bacterial pathogens of plants
Probing the relevance of carbene binding motifs in enzyme reactivity (CARBENZYMES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Ireland,Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1249808.0
EU funding (EUR): 1249808.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Histidine (His) is an ubiquitous ligand in the active site of metalloenzymes that is assumed by default to bind the metal center through one of its nitrogen atoms. However, protonation of His, which is likely to occur in locally slightly acidic environment, gives imidazolium sites that can bind a metal in a carbene-type structure as found in N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Such carbene bonding has a dramatic effect on the properties of the metal center and may provide a rational for the mode of action of metalloenzymes that are still lacking a solid understanding. Up to now, the possibility of carbene bonding has been completely overlooked. Hence, any evidence for such His coordination via carbon will induce a shift of paradigm in classical peptide chemistry and will be directly included in basic textbooks. Moreover, this unprecedented bonding mode will provide access to unique and hitherto unknown reactivity patterns for artificial enzyme mimics. Undoubtedly, such a break-through will set a new stage in modern metalloenzyme research. A multicentered approach is proposed to identify for the first time carbene bonding in enzymes. This approach unconventionally combines the current frontiers of organometallic and biochemical knowledge and hence crosses traditional boarders. Specifically, we aim at probing carbene bonding of His by identifying reactivity patterns that are selective for metal-carbenes but not for metal-imine complexes. This will allow for efficient screening of large classes of metalloenzymes. In parallel, active site models will be constructed in which the His ligand is substituted by a heterocyclic carbene as a rigidly C-bonding His analog. For this purpose chemical synthesis will be considered as well as enzyme mutagenesis and subsequent carbene coordination. While such new bioorganometallic entities will be highly attractive to probe the influence of C-bound His on the metal site, they also provide conceputally new types of versatile catalysts.

Keywords: bioorganometallic chemistry,carbene complexes,sensors,catalysis
Neural substrates of emotion regulation across the lifespan (EMOTION AND AGEING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ability to appropriately and successfully regulate emotion is a vital component of mental and physical health. Even healthy individuals differ substantially in their reactivity to emotionally relevant events, and in their capacity to regulate negative affect, which changes across the lifespan. Such individual differences are characterised by differences in the recruitment of brain regions underlying emotion regulation, particularly medial areas of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala, and in their downstream effects on mental processes, physiology, and behaviour. The aim is to study the neural mechanisms that characterise the ability of individuals to respond adaptively to negative events, and how these mechanisms may change across the lifespan. Concretely, we propose to measure activity in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation, while taking an individual’s emotional reactivity into account, in participants from a large age range (20-80 years). Measures of physiological responding to emotional stimuli will allow the assessment of individual variability in emotional reactivity in a first session, and functional brain imaging measures will be acquired in a second session while performing emotion regulation tasks. We predict that individuals who successfully regulate their emotion show patterns of reduced amygdala and increased ventromedial PFC activation. We further predict that brain activation patterns shift across the lifespan from more dorsolateral PFC to medial PFC when participants voluntarily regulate their emotion, and when controlling for emotional reactivity. We also expect that (self-reported) well-being in daily life is predictive of brain activation patterns underlying regulation. Understanding appropriate and successful emotion regulation is an important component of mental and physical health, and understanding how emotion reactivity and regulation changes across the lifespan would help in promoting healthy ageing.

Keywords: health sciences,emotion,emotion regulation,brain,ageing