Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Blingual Literacy and Input Knowledge Outcomes: Tracing Heritage Language Bilingual Development (BLINK)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Norway
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-15
End date: 2021-03-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 208400.4
EU funding (EUR): 208400.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bilingual Literacy and Input Negotiates Knowledge Outcomes: Tracing Heritage Language Bilingual Development This project significantly adds to a burgeoning—roughly 2 and half decades long—sub-field of bilingualism studies, namely Heritage Language Bilingualism (HLB). We propose a novel approach that combines offline and online methods and focuses on a severely understudied, yet crucially important age group of heritage speaker (HS) bilinguals in an effort to fill crucial gaps in the available literature. We will examine the role and weight of key variables that (potentially) contribute to ubiquitous differences between these populations and matched monolingual counterparts. To this end, we capitalize on the relatively unique opportunity Turkish provides as a heritage language acquired in its diaspora in the EU (the snapshot will be Norway and Germany). Having access to balanced populations in both Norway and Germany and their respective multiple subgroups that differ in key variables (e.g. access or not to literacy education in Turkish) we will for the first time have a fairer chance to converge on an understanding of how and why HLB presents so differently from monolingualism and even other cases of bilingualism. Because HLB, deals with the development and maintenance of minority languages spoken in the home and small ethnic communities in a larger national context, it fits very well with the imperatives of the EU and its commitment to fostering cross-cultural integration while guaranteeing the rights of all to maintain their heritage languages and cultures. Understanding how to best fulfill language related EU imperatives and commitments is inherently related to understanding the cognitive, social and linguistic sciences behind HLB.

Keywords: bilingualism,heritage language speakers,predictive processing,input,literacy
Strong electron-photon interactions with high-Q microresonators (SEPhIM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the SEPhIM research action is the development and exploitation of strong electron-photon interactions with photonic-chip-based high-Q microresonators and photo-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). This will be achieved using the ultra-high quality factor of integrated microresonators to enhance the coupling strength between free electrons and cavity photons in an ultrafast transmission electron microscope (UTEM). This project will bridge and separately advance the fields of integrated photonics, ultrafast electron microscopy, and quantum optics. By performing UTEM-PINEM, a multidimensional imaging and spectroscopy of the microresonators are available. The enhanced electron-photon interaction, mediated by the high Q-factor of the microresonators, will lead to a strong phase modulation of free electrons, a wide spectral broadening of the electron energy, and the measurement of cavity-photon lifetime. Moreover, using temporal dissipative solitons formed in the microresonators, time-gated electron-soliton interactions will also be investigated. Due to the strong spatiotemporal confinement of the soliton pulse, the electron-photon coupling will be further enhanced. Attosecond electron pulses in UTEM will enable time-domain electron microscopy of the soliton waveforms, while the concomitant generation of optical frequency combs will provide spectrally-resolved characterization of the electron-soliton interaction. Furthermore, strong coupling between free electrons and cavity photons will enable quantum state synthesis and entanglement generation. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we intend to perform all-optical non-demolition detection of free electrons. The electron-photon interaction will be used to herald and register transmitted electrons, thus suppressing shot-noise in the electron beam. This will improve the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce radiation damage in electron imaging and spectroscopy techniques.

Keywords: ultrafast electron microscopy,photo induced near field electron microscopy,high q microresonators,solitons
Experience-based Computation: Learning to Optimise (ECOLE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Industrial Doctorates
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2060348.04
EU funding (EUR): 2060348.04
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

The overall theme of our proposed doctoral programme is ECOLE: Experience-based COmputation: Learning to optimisE. It seeks novel synergies between nature inspired optimisation and machine learning to address new challenges that arise in industry due to the increasing complexity of products, product development and production processes. The unique aspect of ECOLE is to study and capture the notion of experience that is associated with expert engineers, who have worked on complex optimisation tasks for a certain time, in a computational framework composed of machine learning and optimisation strategies. We aim at developing cutting-edge optimisation algorithms that can continuously accumulate experience by learning from development projects both over time and across different problem categories. The more such algorithms are used for different optimisation problems, the better they become since their accumulated experience increases. The Consortium consists of two world-leading universities, the University of Birmingham (UK) and the University of Leiden (The Netherlands), both in the top 150 in the 2016-17 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, and two innovative companies, Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH (Germany) in the automotive sector and NEC Europe Ltd (UK) in the ICT sector. All have world-leading research groups with complementary expertise that support ECOLE. ECOLE fills an urgent need in Europe for highly skilled optimisation and machine learning experts who have first-hand industrial experiences allowing sustainable know-how growth for solving future challenges. Its entire training programme is centred around a set of novel research projects proposed for early stage researchers (ESRs), complemented by domain knowledge training, hands-on engineering training and transferable skill training. ESRs will spend 50% of their time in the non-academic beneficiaries and be trained in different academic environments and industrial sectors.

Keywords: nature inspired optimisation,evolutionary algorithms,machine learning,experience based,computation,engineering data analytics
Multi-modal Approaches for Treatment and Evaluation of Swallowing Insufficiencies (MATESI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-08-20
End date: 2020-08-19
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Human survival is dependent on swallowing because it underpins oral nutrition (eating/drinking) and protection of the respiratory tract. Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) are a common consequence of a wide range of disorders (eg. stroke, head & neck cancers, ageing) with the results (dehydration/malnutrition/weight loss/increased susceptibility to pneumonia) linked to significant decline in quality of life. There is significant need to improve diagnosis, monitoring and rehabilitation (eg. by developing novel stimulation devices). However, existing gaps in understanding of the co-ordination of muscle activity significantly limit current advances. The proposed research is structured to exploit a novel combination of imaging and neurophysiology methods to develop a new framework for non-invasive study of swallowing muscle function, which will support development and application of new tools for diagnosing, monitoring and treating swallowing disorders. Ultrasound/elastography/MR/videofluoroscopy imaging and myoelectric data will be combined with finite element modelling to provide state-of-the-art methods for analysis of the integration between muscle anatomical and mechanical properties and neural input. This will provide a paradigm shift in understanding the translation of neural commands to co-ordinated movement. It will underpin development of next generation computer simulations which are required for technology/diagnosis/treatment advances; improvements in patient care; reduced clinical/economic burden and sustainable healthcare systems. The multi-disciplinary skills the Fellowship is designed to develop are fundamental to the growth of the most promising researchers. They are also essential for advances in better disease diagnosis/more effective therapies/interventions and underpin the European Commission’s quest to keep older people independent for longer and promote personal health; a healthy workforce/economy and lower public health bill.

Keywords: dysphagia,finite element modelling,medical imaging
(LTO) noiSe and EmissioNs of supErsoniC Aircraft (SENECA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Ukraine,Germany,Germany,Italy,Germany,Switzerland,France,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Towards global environmental regulation of supersonic aviation (H2020-MG-2020-SingleStage-INEA, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4999611.25
EU funding (EUR): 4999611.25
Participants: 12
Project status: SIGNED

In SENECA, eleven academic and industrial aerospace entities from all over Europe have teamed up to address the challenges raised in the call LC-MG-1-15-2020 “Towards global environmental regulation of supersonic aviation”. The consortium is considering the forthcoming market entry of a new generation of supersonic aircraft. However, it is assumed that the first new generation of supersonic aircraft will not be able to fly over land with supersonic speed, i.e. will not have completely solved the problem of the supersonic boom. Therefore, the missions under consideration for this project will be supersonic over water and subsonic over land. As a consequence, SENECA will mainly focus on noise and emissions in the vicinity of airports and the global climate impact of supersonic aircraft. SENECA aims at developing deepened understanding and detailed modelling for the emissions, the LTO noise, and the global environmental impact of supersonic aircraft. Building on this, the development of beyond state-of-the-art technologies to further reduce the environmental impact of supersonic aviation will be enabled. SENECA will contribute its project results to the ICAO level discussions, in order to scientifically accompany and strengthen the European perspective on the necessary regulations for novel supersonic aircraft. Key milestones of the project dissemination and exploitation plan are aligned to the CAEP work program and agenda, and the whole project plan is designed to work towards these milestones.

Keywords: supersonic aircraft,landing and take off noise,combustion emission,mdo of sst aircraft
Natural Language Programming: Turning Text into Executable Code (NLPRO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-08-01
End date: 2023-07-31
Duration (months): 84.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1449375.0
EU funding (EUR): 1089199.3
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Can we program computers in our native tongue? This idea, termed natural language programming, has attracted attention almost since the inception of computers themselves. From the point of view of software engineering (SE), efforts to program in natural language (NL) have relied thus far on controlled natural languages (CNL) -- small unambiguous fragments of English with strict grammars and limited expressivity. Is it possible to replace CNLs with truly natural, human language? From the point of view of natural language processing (NLP), current technology successfully extracts static information from NL texts. However, human-like NL understanding goes far beyond such extraction -- it requires dynamic interpretation processes which affect, and are affected by, the environment, update states and lead to action. So, is it possible to endow computers with this kind of dynamic NL understanding? These two questions are fundamental to SE and NLP, respectively, and addressing each requires a huge leap forward in the respective field. In this proposal I argue that the solutions to these seemingly separate challenges are actually closely intertwined, and that one community's challenge is the other community's stepping stone for a huge leap, and vice versa. Specifically, I propose to view executable programs in SE as semantic structures in NLP, and use them as the basis for broad-coverage dynamic semantic parsing. My ambitious, cross-disciplinary goal is to develop a new NL compiler based on this novel approach to NL semantics. The NL compiler will accept an NL description as input and return an executable system as output. Moreover, it will continuously improve its NL understanding capacity via online learning that will feed on verification, simulation, synthesis or user feedback. Such dynamic, ever-improving, NL compilers will have vast applications in AI, SE, robotics and cognitive computing and will fundamentally change the way humans and computers interact.

Keywords: natural language processing,semantic parsing,software engineering,machine learning,structure prediction
Just and Green Cities: An Intersectional Perspective on Urban Agriculture and Roma Inclusion in Europe (JUSTGREEN Cities)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-06-01
End date: 2025-05-11
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Cities have become epicentres for confronting climate change worldwide. Widely acknowledged for its environmental benefits, urban agriculture is in particular blooming in Europe. However, by putting the emphasis on environmental progress rather than social justice, it may support social and spatial inequalities. Recent shifts in scholarship have started critically examining urban agriculture, but a clear evaluation of its social, economic and cultural impacts in European cities is still missing. This project intends to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between urban agriculture and social (in)justice in urban space. The project's research aims are threefold: 1) conceptually, it seeks to explore the compatibility between environmental sustainability and social justice from the ground up; 2) empirically, it will examine the relationship between urban agriculture and Roma integration in three European cities, Paris, Berlin and Sofia, where a number of community gardens actively support Roma populations and vulnerable groups; 3) methodologically, it intends to develop an intersectional analytical framework to explore environmental action. The account will centrally involve a novel perspective on how cities may become more socially just and environmentally sustainable. The project will adopt an interdisciplinary research strategy, based on ethnographic investigation, historical urban analysis and participatory research. The MSCA fellowship will allow the ER to become a leading researcher in the critical geographies of urban sustainability and progress in her academic career in order to secure a tenure-track position in the EU academic job market.

Keywords: urban agriculture,roma integration,social justice,environmental sustainability,intersectionality,europe
Polyhedral Discretisation Methods for Geomechanical Simulation of Faults and Fractures in Poroelastic Media (PDGeoFF)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171473.28
EU funding (EUR): 171473.28
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding subsurface geological processes is crucial for the prevention of environmental damage and the development of renewable alternatives for energy generation. The key for the successful assessment of subsurface activities is the ability to perform accurate numerical simulations able to predict the effects of soil exploitation. Envisioned research activities will focus on the design and analysis of advanced nonconforming polyhedral discretisation methods for simulating fault mechanics and fracture propagation in poroelastic media. The main goal is to provide an efficient mathematical and numerical framework to evaluate and prevent risks related to several human geological activities. In this project, we aim at developing and analysing new nonconforming polyhedral finite element methods able to tame the mathematical and numerical challenges that have to be accounted for in geomechanical modelling: the geometric complexity arising from the presence of various layers and fractures, the strong coupling between the flow and the mechanics, and the possible rough variations of the physical parameters. In this context, for inner interface and moving discontinuities problems, such as fault slip and fracture growth, the versatility of polyhedral finite element methods allows to successfully tame the geometric complexity as well as facilitate mesh adaptivity and provide a greater robustness with respect to mesh distortions. The research will target the investigation of the models describing fault mechanics and the interaction between propagating fractures and fluid flow. The computational performance of the proposed discretisation schemes will be assessed on a complete panel of realistic test cases.

Keywords: polyhedral finite element methods,computational geosciences,poroelasticity,fracture propagation
Tissue-specific mitochondrial signaling and adaptations to mistranslation (MISTRANSMITO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Finland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2020-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1354507.5
EU funding (EUR): 1354507.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Mitochondria play a central role in the energy metabolism of our bodies and their defects give rise to a large variety of clinical phenotypes that can affect practically any tissue. The mechanisms for the tissue-specific outcomes of mitochondrial diseases are poorly understood. Mitochondrial energy production relies on two separate protein synthesis machineries, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial, but the mechanisms regulating the concerted actions between the two are largely to be discovered. Defects in either protein synthesis system that lead to accumulation of mistranslated mitochondrial proteins, intrinsic or imported from the cytoplasm, result in stress signals from mitochondria and in adaptive responses within the organelle and the entire cell. My hypothesis is that some of these signals and adaptive mechanisms are tissue-specific. My group will test the hypothesis by 1) generating and characterizing mouse models of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial mistranslation to be able to address our questions in different tissues. 2) We will develop methods for detection of ribosome stalling in mouse tissues to identify the consequences of mistranslation for individual proteins. 3) We will use systems biology approaches to identify stress signal responses to mitochondrial and/or cytoplasmic mistranslation using different tissues of our models, to identify those that are unique or global. 4) Our previous study has identified an interesting candidate responder to mistranslation stress and we will test the role of this factor in knockout animal models and by crossing with the mistranslation mice. I expect to gain important new knowledge of in vivo responses to mistranslation and execution of quality control. This proposal investigates key questions in understanding differential tissue involvement in metabolic defects, and will provide new directions for utilization of tissue-specific adaptations in finding interventions for mitochondrial diseases.

Keywords: mistranslation,mitochondria,aminoacyl trna synthetase