Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Aviation-driven Data Value Chain for Diversified Global and Local Operations (ICARUS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: Big Data PPP (cPPP)
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Italy,Italy,Italy,Ireland,Cyprus,Greece,Greece,Greece,United Kingdom
Call: Big Data PPP: cross-sectorial and cross-lingual data integration and experimentation (H2020-ICT-2017-1, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2021-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3951125.0
EU funding (EUR): 2999600.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

The European aviation industry needs to leverage the surge of multi-source and multi-lingual data streams to gain augmented intelligence on its status quo and open up a wide spectrum of unprecedented services for the whole ecosystem (airlines, airports, passengers, service providers, manufacturers, local authorities, etc.). ICARUS will build a novel data value chain in the aviation-related sectors towards data-driven innovation and collaboration across currently diversified and fragmented industry players, acting as multiplier of the “combined” data value that can be accrued, shared and traded, and rejuvenating the existing, increasingly non-linear models / processes in aviation. Using methods such as big data analytics, deep learning, semantic data enrichment, and blockchain powered data sharing, ICARUS will address critical barriers for the adoption of Big Data in the aviation industry (e.g. data fragmentation, data provenance, data licensing and ownership, data veracity), and will enable aviation-related big data scenarios for EU-based companies, organizations and scientists, through a multi-sided platform that will allow exploration, curation, integration and deep analysis of original, synthesized and derivative data characterized by different velocity, variety and volume in a trusted and fair manner. ICARUS will bring together the Aerospace, Tourism, Health, Security, Transport, Retail, Weather, and Public sectors and accelerate their data-driven collaboration under the prism of a novel aviation-driven data value chain. Representative use cases of the overall domain’s value chain include: (I) Sophisticated passenger handling mechanisms and personalised services on ground facilities, (II) Enhanced routes analysis of aircrafts for improved fuel consumption optimisation and pollution awareness, (III) More accurate and realistic prediction model of epidemics, (IV) Novel Passenger experiences pre-in- and post-flight.

Keywords: big data,aviation,data value chain,data brokerage
MEasuring the Gravitational constant with Atom interferometry for Novel fundamental physics TEst (MEGANTE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2025-07-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1550000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1550000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Starting from the original experiment performed by Henry Cavendish more than two centuries ago, the precision determination of the gravitational constant G remains a challenging endeavour. It has been measured about a dozen times over the last 50 years, but the results have varied much more than what would be expected from random and systematic errors. Likely, this is due to the fact that, so far, all the past experiments have relied on macroscopic classical instruments, which could all be governed by uncontrolled mechanical influences. On the other hand, a recent controversial study about correlations between the measured values of G and the variations of the length of day seems to suggest that some other not well-understood effects could be present. MEGANTE will address all these issues by carrying out precision G determinations making use of original experimental strategies based on quantum sensors. Unprecedented accuracy levels will be achieved using cold atoms in free-fall to probe the gravitational field, surpassing thus the state-of-art measurements based on torsion balance and simple pendulum. In parallel, MEGANTE will provide results that go far beyond the pure metrological interest. Indeed, owing the lack of a full understanding of gravity, several theoretical models predict new physics phenomena such violations of the inverse square law or a dependency of the G value from the local density of the matter. These aspects of the gravitational interactions will be thoroughly examined during the project, improving current constrains on those theories. MEGANTE will define a novel paradigm for precision G measurements and experiments on gravitation, paving the way for a final resolution of a two-centuries-old problem in metrology.

Keywords: atom interferometry
DISSECT: Evidence in International Human Rights Adjudication (DISSECT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Belgium,Belgium
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499092.5
EU funding (EUR): 2436592.5
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Evidence is at the heart of adjudication, and adjudication at the heart of the international protection of human rights. Yet evidence in international human rights (IHR) adjudication has never been comprehensively studied. Benefiting from the support of highest-level figures in the relevant institutions, DISSECT is a ground-breaking research programme which will capture the evidentiary regimes in place in the world’s three regional human rights courts and in UN human rights quasi-judicial bodies. First, DISSECT will examine from a purely legal perspective the formal and informal rules and practices (‘regime’) which govern the treatment of evidence in IHR adjudication - burden and standard of proof and evidence admissibility, collection, submission, assessment and scope. It will do so across institutions, types of complaints and time. Second, it will examine the political underpinnings and uses of the IHR evidentiary regime, including dismissals of politically sensitive complaints on the pretext that they are not sufficiently evidenced by the victim. Third, it will identify ‘best’ and ‘worst’ practices and generate specific recommendations for use in IHR adjudication. Fourth, it will develop new insights on evidence, truth and power and thus create a new strand in Critical Legal Studies. These ambitious aims will be achieved by harnessing not only legal doctrinal methods of research but also, and crucially, the PI’s rare double training as a lawyer and an anthropologist. This will allow the IHR evidentiary regime to be studied as a social phenomenon (rather than merely ‘in context’). DISSECT is urgently needed by victims of human rights abuse who seek international redress without knowing exactly what evidence is required of them, as well as by IHR adjudicatory bodies at risk of losing their legitimacy if they cannot demonstrate that they are acting logically, consistently and fairly. Current concerns over ‘truth decay’ make it particularly timely.

Keywords: evidence,international human rights law,critical legal studies,anthropological study
Study of the molecular mechanisms underlying Toxoplasma-induced early abortions in a pregnant sheep model of infection (TOXOSHEEP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160932.48
EU funding (EUR): 160932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Toxoplasma gondii is a major cause of abortion in humans and livestock, thereby producing a significant public health hazard and economic losses. Most of Toxoplasma’s virulence factors have been explored using mouse models; however, the murine immune response differs significantly from that of humans and farm animals. Despite Toxoplasma’s enormous economic and health implications, little is known about the factors that cause foetal mortality and vertical transmission in humans or livestock. The goal of this ambitious project is to close this gap in knowledge by studying the mechanisms involved in the early abortion during the acute phase of toxoplasmosis in a standardised animal model relevant for humans and livestock. We hypothesise that by using a pregnant sheep model, the molecular mechanisms underlying the parasite-induced inflammation associated with early abortions can be identified. To this end, we will first characterize the early infection dynamics, lesions, parasite burden and peripheral immune response in the dams. This will provide valuable information as to the initial immune response elicited by the parasite and how it reaches the placenta. Subsequently, we will investigate the local molecular mechanisms involved in the parasite-induced pathogenesis of early abortions by combining novel immunohistopathological and transcriptomic approaches in order to identify alterations of gene expression and biological pathways in the materno-foetal interface. The results derived from this proposal will significantly advance the understanding of the mechanisms of Toxoplasma early abortions and help in the design of transmission-blocking vaccines or drugs. Because Toxoplasma has been associated with women who had spontaneous abortions, it is likely that these mechanisms are shared with humans. Thus, these results will not only produce economic savings in the livestock industry but will also directly improve human health.

Keywords: toxoplasma,immune response,inflammation,abortion,placenta
Stable Brain-Machine control via a learnable standalone interface (BrainControl)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2015-PoC, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149625.0
EU funding (EUR): 149625.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Non-invasive Brain Machine Interfaces (BMI) bring great promise for neuro-rehabilitation and neuro-prosthesis, as well as for brain control of everyday devices and performance of simple tasks. Over the last 15 years the interest in BMIs has grown substantially, and a variety of interfaces have been developed. The field has been growing dramatically, and market studies reveal an estimated market size of $1.46 billion by 2020. However, non-invasive BMIs have failed to reach the impressive control seen by BMIs implanted in the brain. To date, they require considerable training to reach a moderate level of control, they are susceptible to noise and interference, do not generalize between people and devices, and performance does not show long-term consolidation. Results from our ERC-funded work uncovered a new paradigm that dramatically improves these issues. We propose to develop a prototype for a novel, standalone, non-invasive, noise-resistant BMI, based on an unexplored BMI learning paradigm. In this POC we will 1) refine the brain signal interface (decoder) to be automatically customizable to each individual and produces faster training, 2) implement our BMI technology into a portable hardware-based system, and 3) develop a virtual reality/gaming training platform that will increase learning, performance and consolidation of BMI control. In addition to these technical aims, we propose to explore commercial opportunities and societal benefits, in particular in the health sector. We will conduct market analysis and develop a business case for this product, while expanding industry contacts for production and commercialization. The work proposed in this PoC grant will permit, for the first time to our knowledge, the development of a portable, stand-alone, noise-resistant, and easy to learn BMI, applicable across a wide set of devices, which will bring a significant social impact in health, entertainment and other applications.

Keywords: brain machine interface,learning,neurorehabilitation,neuroprostheses,brain control
Development, dIagnostic and prevention of gender-related Somatic and mental COmorbitiEs in iRritable bowel syndrome In Europe (DISCOvERIE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Understanding health, wellbeing and disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Ireland,Italy,Spain,Austria,Belgium,Hungary,Romania,Sweden,Belgium,Netherlands,Netherlands,United States,Netherlands
Call: Understanding causative mechanisms in co- and multimorbidities combining mental and non-mental disorders (H2020-SC1-2019-Two-Stage-RTD, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 6000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 6000000.0
Participants: 21
Project status: SIGNED

Mental (anxiety and depression) and non-mental (fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome) comorbidities are highly prevalent in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with over 60 million Europeans affected, mostly women, by devastating manifestations, impaired treatment and quality of life. Estimated costs are €43 billion/year for IBS, mostly derived from comorbid IBS. Our hypothesis is that comorbid IBS represents a distinct clinical entity, arising from distorted brain-gut communication with a unique, specific, but undefined pathophysiological origin, differing from IBS alone. DISCOvERIE was created to advance the understanding of its causative mechanisms. Identification, validation and comprehension of these mechanisms will help stratify these patients into distinct clinical phenotypes, improving disease management, increasing quality of life and reducing socioeconomic costs. In particular, we will deliver specific comorbid-IBS physiopathological knowledge as clinical guides and protocols for newly created, hospital-based, transversal and multidisciplinary units for implementing personalized management and wellbeing of European citizens and to position Europe as a global leader in comorbid IBS personalised medicine. We will also deliver prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers and patents, technological innovation via e-health tools for personalized assessment of clinical/nutritional/physical activity and disseminate new knowledge widely. Impact will be assessed by recording media presence, scientific publications and by monitoring health-related quality of life of patients and promoting cost-effective care. To this end we have created a user board involving patient associations, clinical specialists, European healthcare experts, large pharma and SMEs representatives. We will also promote the creation of a European Reference Network for comorbid IBS involving healthcare providers across Europe.

Keywords: irritable bowel syndrome,anxiety,depression,somatic pain disorders,mental disorders,brain gut interaction
Rethinking Human Ergonomics in Lean Manufacturing and Service Industry: Towards Adaptive Robots with Anticipatory Behaviors (Ergo-Lean)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1488750.0
EU funding (EUR): 1488750.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Occupational ergonomics is facing a new complex challenge caused by the adaptation of industrial processes to the demands of the high-mix, low-volume production. In such processes, humans operate in, and interact with dynamically changing environments. The underlying physical interactions can cause variations of human states, and make a traditionally identified ergonomic pose of a human non-efficient and unproductive, or vice versa. This challenge has contributed to the growth of musculoskeletal disorders in manufacturing and service industries undergoing a lean transformation, and calls for new thinking on occupational ergonomics. Ergo-Lean proposes to study, for the first time, human ergonomics during complex human-robot-environment interactions, and investigate methods to anticipate the effect of worker actions in the short, middle and long term. It explores the potential of collaborative robotics technology to deliver an original set of anticipatory behaviors that contribute to the improvement of human physical factors during interaction. Ergo-Lean will create radically new Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) systems where the robot and human directly interact, forming a dyad which optimally solves manufacturing problems in the environment, with the robot flexibly contributing to ergonomic improvement of workplace conditions. To achieve this, the research will be articulated along five multidisciplinary scientific objectives to: i) Understand and formulate human ergonomics during dynamic interactions; ii) Investigate ways of applying the HRC technology to the mitigation of occupational risks; iii) Evaluate the influence of feedback interfaces for ergonomic coordination of motor redundancy; iv) Study shared authority models for ergonomic HRC systems; and v) Challenge and demonstrate the improved adaptability and acceptability of Ergo-Lean systems. Ergo-Lean will have profound socio-economic impacts by improving workers’ wellbeing and contributing to productivity.

Keywords: human factors and ergonomics,work related musculoskeletal disorders msd,human robot collaboration,adaptive robots,lean manufacturing
Stochastic electrochemistry for catalysis and analysis of carboneous bio-electrodes. (STOCHELEC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184707.84
EU funding (EUR): 184707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bio-electrochemical sciences are essential for the development of biosensor and biofuels cells. The precise nano-structuration of conductive materials with electro-active enzymes allows the reversible transduction of electrical energy to chemical energy via direct electron transfer (DET). The operational stability of bio-electrocatalytic systems is limited by the constant and strong electrical field building-up at the interface. The electrode polarisation generates a strong and static electrical field rigidifying the interfacial electronic double layer, often preventing free enzymes’ dynamics and leading to an enzymes’ loss of activity due to the destruction of their active 3D structure. Customized electrical polarisation patterns have the potential to enhance both electro-enzyme stability and efficiency. Biological electronic transfers processes being non-linear, it is expected that electrical stochastic signal excitation can greatly influence the electron transfer process at a bio-electrode. This proposal focusses on gaining new knowledge about the electronic stochastic and unambiguous stimulation of bio-electrodes for catalytic and analytical purposes. The first objective is to synthesize nanostructured carbon nano-dots (C-dots) electrodes for the immobilisation of redox enzymes. C-dots possess a so-called trap-state; an energetic level that can be engineered to match biological redox cofactor potentials and thus enhance electronic coupling between the electrode and redox active enzymes. The second aim is to investigate pulsed and alternative current polarisation for enhancing bio-electrocatalysts efficiency and electro enzymes’ stability with non-ambiguous electrical waveform. The third aim of this proposal is to develop a novel electro-analytical technique relying on the Fourier transform analysis of chronoamperometry signals stimulated by a stochastic signal polarisation of bio-electrodes (FTSC).

Keywords: stochastic stimulation of natural processes,glucose oxidase,iron protoporphyrin ix
Electromagnetic to Optics Transducer (EMOT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC-Proof of Concept (ERC-2017-PoC, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149956.0
EU funding (EUR): 149956.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Modern communication and sensing is done with radio- and microwaves on the one hand, and with optical fiber links, on the other. Radio- and microwaves are widely used in commercial and personal communication, as well as in sensing in, for example, medical diagnostics. Optical communication dominates long distance, point-to-point connections, such as internet. This action aims at the development of a miniature device for efficient conversion between these technological platforms. Within the AdG INTERFACE we have developed a novel principle for the opto-electromechnical transducer (Nature, 2014) and filed a US patent. We have further made progress in developing an integrated version of the transducer with enhanced sensitivity. Preliminary market analysis has shown high potential of our device in diverse areas, such as industrial internet of things, airborne intracommunication systems, scientific sensors, measurement instrumentation, radio astronomy, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. This action will include the first tests of the device in a flagship application relevant to NMR spectroscopy—a real life MRI scanner—and an extensive effort towards producing a packaged, fiber-coupled, ultralow-noise transducer ready for field demonstrations.

Keywords: micro opto electro mechanical system,quantum technology,transducer,sensing,nmr spectroscopy,optical communication