Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation of the flow around an ultrasonically oscillating instrument. (CFD ULTRASOUND)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2013-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177685.6
EU funding (EUR): 177685.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Irrigation of the root canal with antibacterial solutions is indispensable during root canal treatment in order to remove biofilm, tissue remnants and dentin debris from the root canal. Nonetheless, still 50% of the root canal treatments fail as a consequence of poor cleaning. Ultrasonic activation of the irrigant has been shown to dramatically increase cleaning efficiency. A full understanding of the fluid dynamical action of the activated fluid is crucial for the improvement of treatment success. Previous experimental approaches have failed to provide complete insight into this procedure, due to the difficult temporal and spatial scales of the flow and the geometrical complexity of the root canal. The objective of this proposal is to employ Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation in order to study the ultrasonic activation of the irrigant in the root canal. A combined Endodontology - Fluid Dynamics approach is proposed. The researcher has introduced the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to the field of Endodontology and has been recently awarded a Doctorate Degree. He will move from his home institution (Dept. Endodontology, Thessaloniki, Greece) to a world leading group in Fluid Dynamics, biomedical and micro-fluidics applications (Physics of Fluids Group, Enschede, The Netherlands). The researcher will acquire additional experience with numerical simulation of flows inside micro-channels as well as experimental high-speed imaging techniques, which will be used for the validation of the computer model. Following successful completion of this fellowship, he will become able to lead his own scientific group on biomedical engineering in the future.

Keywords: cleaning,computational fluid dynamics,debridement,disinfection,endodontology,irrigation,micro-channel,numerical simulation,root canal treatment,ultrasonic activation
Microbial recognition and adhesion on the nano scale using BIO-SPM (MICROBIALSPM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175844.8
EU funding (EUR): 175844.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our main goal in this proposal is the elucidation of fundamental interaction processes between microbial systems and a living organism. This research will directly lead us to a so far missing understanding of the detailed mechanism of bacterial pathogen infection in vivo. The newly gained knowledge will be highly important for the development of antibacterial drugs against pathogen-related diseases and for the ultra-sensitive detection of pathogens using bio-sensors. Bacteria have existed for several billion years by adapting to changes in their environment. Understanding how bacteria acquire new functions in response to environmental changes will advance our fundamental knowledge thereby enhancing our ability to design and tailor changes in biological structure. We will investigate local physical and biochemical variation in the bacterial outer membrane of live bacteria, at nanometer resolution, as bacteria interact with both abiotic and biotic surfaces. For these studies we will use Escherichia coli (E. coli) primarily because it has been well studied and the genome sequence has been determined. Biological scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is the tool of choice for these studies because it is the only instrument that allows studying living microbial organisms in their natural environment at the nano-meter scale resolution. A broad range of scanning microscopic techniques including Force spectroscopy, Topography and recognition imaging (TREC), Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), and Scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) will be utilized in these studies for looking into the dynamics of individual protein domains, local binding sites, and locations of charge centers of complex proteins at sub-nanometer, pico-Newton, and nano-Ampere resolution.

Keywords: molecular biophysics,bacteriology,functional biology,molecular chemistry,bacteria,spm,force spectroscopy,molecular recognition,adhesion,force,e. coli,biofilm
New Tools for Real-Time Cellular Imaging and Protein Labelling (CIPL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 203049.6
EU funding (EUR): 203049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The primary aim of the proposed research is to develop smart new imaging tools and reagents for real-time in situ monitoring of specific cellular processes both in vitro and in vivo, with a particular focus on lung function and apoptosis/inflammation. The methods and tools currently available to define the inflammatory/infective state in lung tissues are limited and crude. Therefore, I will design, synthesise and validate novel clinical molecular imaging probes which can, in the future, be used to define the inflammatory and infective aetiology of lung infiltrates in intensive care unit patients. These dual probes would allow clinicians in intensive care units to rapidly and accurately determine the aetiology of deteriorating respiratory function or clinical status of the patient. These activity-based probes are designed to detect caspase, human neutraphil elastase as well as bacterial presence and activity in the target tissue. The research will be conducted at the interface of chemistry, biology and pre-clinical medicine, with molecules being made and then directly applied in pertinent in vivo models. In addition to the imaging work, I will develop an efficient, selective and generic labelling method for proteins.

Keywords: biological chemistry,optical imaging,molecular probes,bacteria,lung injury,inflammation,caspase,human neutrophil elastase,protein labelling,synthesis
Cardiac myosin light chain kinase function in human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (HES-CARDIO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-09-14
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268824.8
EU funding (EUR): 268824.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The main hurdle to the effective use of stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs and hIPSC-CMs) in drug toxicology screening and transplantation therapy is their embryonic nature. It is recognised that hESC-CM and hIPSC-CM are immature and undergo limited maturation in the laboratory. This creates problems as the cells may not display appropriate responses to target drugs in toxicology screening and may not be suitable for transplantation into the damaged heart. The research outlined in this proposal will begin to address these issues. The aim of my proposal is to study the function and regulation of the recently discovered cardiac myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and its downstream targets, regulatory myosin light chain (MLC) proteins. Evidence suggests that cardiac MLCK is responsible for modulating cardiomyocyte contractility. In studying the function of cardiac MLCK I aim to generate hESC-CM and hIPSC-CM with an increased structural maturity, which will be more suitable for drug toxicology screening. Importantly, the study of cardiac MLCK also has clinical relevance. Expression of cardiac MLCK is downregulated in the hearts of rats that suffered induced myocardial infarction, and when used to treat these animals, upregulation of the gene can improve cardiac output. Investigation of cardiac MLCK function in human cardiomyocytes in this proposal may provide insights into a potential role for cardiac MLCK in the treatment of heart attack patients. Finally, the proposed research will also highlight the potential of hESC-CM and hIPSC-CM as models to study the basic biology of the human heart.

Keywords: human embryonic stem cells,human induced pluripotent stem cells,cardiac myosin light chain kinase,cardiac
Inter-Allied Cultures and Identities during World War 1 (WW1 ALLIED CULTURES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 279680.0
EU funding (EUR): 279680.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This innovative project aims to explore a neglected aspect of the experience of the First World War: the intercultural contacts and exchanges between and within the forces which made up the Entente. The project will investigate the construction of an Allied identity that was meant to ensure the cohesion of a multinational Allied coalition. Coalition warfare has arguably become the dominant type of military operations for European nations. A question of contemporary import for policymakers, the challenges raised by multinational military operations first came to light during the First World War, a conflict which pitted two formidable coalitions. Moreover, the Entente powers fielded soldiers recruited across their respective empires. The recognition of the multicultural nature of the First World War is at the core of the current debates over the experience of war in the twentieth century. The memory of the First World War thus feeds into current polemics over multiculturalism. This project will look into the articulation of Allied and national identities, as historians keep on debating the role played by the latter in bolstering the endurance of combatants. The project will contrast the emergence of this Allied identity with the efforts made to maintain communal identities during and after the conflict. The attitude of the Allied leadership towards 'coloured' troops and their segregative policies will be scrutinized as part of their effort to create and maintain a sense of community among allied troops. Interracial contacts raised a series of cultural, legal, and military issues during the conflict. Relationships between colonial troops and European soldiers and civilians, between white and black combatants in the American case; all shed light on the cultural management of a multinational and multicultural military coalition. Drawing on European and North American sources, this transnational study will explore a critical dimension of the Allied experience.

Keywords: world war 1,inter-allied cultures,cultural transfers,national identities,integration and exclusion phenomena,interracial relationships,managing a military coalition,comparative history
Mechanical basis for motor protein coordination in axenomes leading to the beating of cilia and flagella (DYNEIN COORDINATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 225945.0
EU funding (EUR): 225945.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cilia and flagella are highly conserved cell organelles that exhibit regular, serpentine beating motions. Each cilium and flagellum contains a motile organelle called an axoneme, which is comprised of an array of microtubules, dynein motor proteins, and accessory proteins. Recent studies have led to the hypothesis that intrinsic mechanical and mechanochemical properties of the dyneins provide the feedback and coordination necessary for the regular beating pattern of cilia and flagella. The objective of this project is to test this mechanical coordination hypothesis. The proposal takes an interdisciplinary approach, bringing together experiments and theory and using analytical tools from informatics, biochemistry, biomechanics, and mechanical engineering. Specifically, the proposal aims to measure the motor properties of individual molecules and small ensembles of dyneins using optical tweezers. These measurements will be used to evaluate the state of the art models of axoneme beating, confirming or rejecting the dynein coordination hypotheses on which they are based. The measured motor properties of dynein will be used to build a new model of the axoneme from the “bottom-up.” The principle advantage of this model over the existing models is that, rather than showing that a set of theoretical molecular properties can fit experimental data on whole flagella, it will specifically account for the measured molecular details of the axoneme. The ability of the “bottom up” model to predict experimentally acquired flagellar beat patterns will be compared to models from the literature. This project will be part of an increasing number of studies on the role mechanics and forces have on biology at the cell level. It will not only further our understanding of dynein coordination and flagellar motion, but also biological coordination in general, a phenomenon that has allowed for the evolution of complex organisms, but has remained largely unexplained.

Keywords: cell biology,molecular biophysics,biomedical engineering
Matteo Ripa's "Views of Jehol": Entangled histories of 18th century European and Chinese landscape representations (MATRIVOJ)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178601.6
EU funding (EUR): 178601.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Italian missionary, Matteo Ripa (1682-1746) reportedly introduced a series of copperplate etchings entitled “Views of Jehol”, showing the Emperor Kangxi’s summer palace and gardens to Lord Burlington and his circle (including the landscape designer, William Kent [1685-1748]) in 1724 who then introduced a new style of landscape gardening in England which was known throughout Europe as ‘jardin anglo-chinois.’ I propose that these etchings represent not merely the exchange in visual arts between China and Europe as two isolated entities, but rather manifestations of how the cultural and historical entanglements between 18th-century Europe and China interacted with their religious, social-political, and environmental contexts. In detail: 1. To examine the relationships between Matteo Ripa’s engravings of the “Views of Jehol” and the original woodcuts of Kangxi’s Thirty-six views, designed by Shen Yu, the 18th-century Chinese landscape garden representation, so as to uncover the symbolism of Matteo Ricci’s Confucian-Christian syncretism and the hermetic-neoplatonic tenets represented by Matteo Ripa’s engravings. 2. To examine the relationships between Matteo Ripa’s engravings and William Kent’s landscape garden designs, so as to reveal their interconnectedness in terms of visual features, representational methods and ideologies (i.e. hermetic-neoplatonic tenets). By examining Ripa’s engravings using the concept of ‘entanglements’, it is hoped that the complex connections between European and Chinese landscape gardens within their religious, socio-political and environmental contexts can be better understood, thereby enriching the trans-cultural history of landscape gardens and helping to anchor the notion of an interlinked Eurasian art history.

Keywords: 18th-century landscape representations,etchings,missionary at the qing court,eurasia,matteo ripa,william kent,entangled histories,europe and china
Defining the Biomechanics of the Developing Heart through High-Speed Dynamic Fluorescent Imaging in Transgenic Quail Embryos (DYNIMHEART)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 152732.0
EU funding (EUR): 152732.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Vertebrate heart morphogenesis is a complex process that integrates different structures and cell types compelled to interact by genetic and epigenetic factors. Mistakes at any step from cell-commitment to valve formation will have a major impact on heart morphogenesis leading to congenital heart disease. Avian embryos offer an ideal system to study heart development because the development of the four-chambered avian heart is comparable to that of the four-chambered mammalian heart. The avian embryo is readily amenable for optical accessibility and permits direct observation of the cellular movements comprising heart formation in a warm-blooded experimental system. We use quail because of their small sized eggs, their moderately sized breeding adults, their short generation time, and their transgenic feasibility. The transgenic quails developed in the hosting laboratory expressing fluorescent proteins constitute a new model syste. Bright trangenic quails improve the ability to dynamically image vascular development during embryogenesis. Our proposal aims to study the formation of the heart during the embryonic development of quails with special attention to fate mapping myocardium and endocardium progenitors. We will carry out dynamic imaging, using laser scanning microscopes, to image live transgenic or chimeric quail lines that express fluorescent proteins ubiquitously, in the endocardium and in additional tissues or subcellular structures. Using a high-speed confocal microscope we aim to capture the heartbeat at different z-depths. We can reconstruct the data into a 4D figure allowing us to conclude the impedance action of the heart on the endocardium wall.

Keywords: genetically modified organisms,animal embryology,molecular genetics,time-lapse microscopy,fluorescent proteins,heart development
Trait-based approaches across marine ecosystems (TBAAMARE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2012-07-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 154485.0
EU funding (EUR): 154485.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Trait-based approaches are being increasingly used in ecology. They consider simultaneously multiple morphological and functional traits to explain community distributions along various environmental gradients and predict ecosystem functioning. Traditional taxon-based approaches become unwieldy as the number of species increases; trait-based approaches provide a way to simplify this complexity, by focusing attention on the functional traits that determine how organisms interact with each other and their environment. Although much of the work on trait-based approaches come from terrestrial plant ecology, we have recently begun to apply them to phytoplankton communities. While we have made good progress at applying trait-based approaches to phytoplankton, a significant challenge will be to extend these approaches to higher trophic levels in the aquatic ecosystem. The goal of this International Incoming Fellowship at DTU-Aqua is to work with researchers there to lay the foundation for applying trait-based approaches to understanding the entire aquatic food web, from phytoplankton to zooplankton and fish. In particular, we will: 1) identify and characterize key functional traits of zooplankton and fish, 2) develop a mechanistic basis for scaling zooplankton foraging traits to the population and community level, 3) investigate basic theoretical issues relating to the interaction of multiple traits, and 4) construct end-to-end adaptive food web models for aquatic ecosystems. The novelty of the project is that it brings together ideas from evolutionary game theory with detailed models of aquatic ecosystems. The project is a natural extension of fellow’s work that will benefit greatly from collaboration with the DTU-Aqua scientists, who are experts in mechanistic approaches to modeling zooplankton and fish. It should result in significant synergy and innovation, with tangible outcomes in both fundamental and applied aspects of aquatic ecosystem research.

Keywords: aquatic ecology,pelagic ecosystems,computational biology