Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota-Neurovascular Interactions in Early Life (NeuroVascOme)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2022-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196590.72
EU funding (EUR): 196590.72
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The prenatal and early postnatal life are particularly vulnerable phases for brain development, during which essential neurodevelopmental processes occur. One such vital process is the development of the neurovascular unit resulting in the formation of blood brain barrier (BBB), which is the gateway regulating access of the external milieu to the brain. Concomitant with the postnatal BBB development, the maturation of our resident gut microbiota also occurs during this sensitive period of early life. Altered gut microbial composition has been shown to affect BBB function and is increasingly being linked to adverse health outcomes including neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, an exact mechanistic understanding of how this early life alteration in microbiota composition leads to brain dysfunction is not known. The NeuroVascOme project aims to investigate the link between early life microbiota perturbations and neurovascular development, which in turn is crucial for brain homeostasis. And more precisely, how are the different disruptors of microbiome in early life impacting the neurovascular/BBB integrity, thereby predisposing the organism to health deficits in later life. This is especially relevant for our modern-day society wherein early life microbiome disruptions caused by increased stress, antibiotic administration and caesarean delivery methods are widely prevalent. In accordance with the aims of the MSCA fellowships, NeuroVascOme project will greatly aid my career development by providing first rate training in academic and industry settings that will enhance my research skillset, foster my managerial abilities and strengthen my professional network. Additionally, public, industry, and scientific audiences will be informed about the outcomes of the project through a dissemination strategy that will aim to promote the role of early life environment in shaping mental health.

Keywords: brain gut microbiota axis,microbiome,neurovascular development,blood brain barrier,neurodevelopmental disorders,early life,neurovascular unit
The evolutionary landscape of modern human origins in Africa (NGIPALAJEM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANT (ERC-2020-ADG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2645312.0
EU funding (EUR): 2645312.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Our understanding of the origins of our species, Homo sapiens, has undergone a major shift. New fossils, dates and genomic studies have consolidated our African origin. Yet, they also indicate a deeper past, involving multiple events. These events stretch to nearly three quarters of a million years ago (Ma), and take the problem of modern human origins into an entirely different climatic and ecological context. From 1.4 Ma, climate dynamics changed, initiating a 1 million-year period (EMPT) during which, besides greater climatic variability, there is a prolonged arid phase, profoundly affecting African environments. By the end of the EMPT, the structure of the large mammal community in East Africa had changed significantly. The first modern humans are part of this change. The recognition of this older, drier context for the evolution of our species drives NGIPALAJEM. The proposed research aims to establish major empirical benchmarks to answer big questions. First, building on new hominin discoveries in Turkana, NGIPALAJEM will undertake extensive fieldwork to add more specimens to the scarce hominin fossil record of this period. Second, it will increase the large vertebrate fossil record from Turkana, and carry out inter-site eco-morphological and palaeoproteomic comparative analyses to throw light on the wider evolutionary dynamics of ecological communities, and investigate the role human predation may have played in shaping modern African faunas. Third, new fossils, such as the new small Middle Pleistocene Turkana hominins that will be described as part of the project, show that the range of hominin phenotypic diversity in the MP is greater than expected, and so novel morphometric and analytical techniques will be applied to the African hominin fossil record of the last million years. The outcomes of NGIPALAJEM will bring a new understanding of how the evolution of our species is part of a broader and longer African evolutionary landscape.

Keywords: human evolution,palaeontology,africa,middle pleistocene,community ecology,palaeoproteomics,excavation
MUSICAL IDENTITIES, KNOWLEDGE, AND EXCHANGE IN THE ARCHAIC GREEK MEDITERRANEAN (700-480 BCE) (MIKE-AGM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-04-01
End date: 2024-05-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174167.04
EU funding (EUR): 174167.04
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project is the first extended analysis of musical regionalism and exchange in the Archaic Greek Mediterranean (700-480 BCE). It employs interdisciplinary methodologies and evidence (literary analysis, epigraphy, iconography, archaeology, organology, and music cognition ). This project is possible because I approach a key body of evidence, Archaic Greek figural pottery, with new methodologies. Critiqued through the lens of new materialism and object centred analyses, this pottery depicts a wealth of music iconography across a range of regional compositions and styles. Further, with appropriate methodological considerations, the trade distribution of this pottery can be used as a proxy for routes of musical exchange. Music was one of many invisible commodities in ancient Greece. This evidence will be enhanced by an in-depth analysis of surviving musical instruments, using methodologies such as adapted object biographies to look at instruments as evidence for the social lives of those who made, played, and listened to them, and the ways that individual instruments held different meanings in different regions. In this way, I build on and move away from the ‘archaeology of contexts’ developed by recent music archaeology, and develop a system for focusing on the materialism of musical objects. These corpora are supplemented by epigraphic and literary evidence to reconstruct the extent to which the musical regionalisms recorded by poets resemble those suggested by the material evidence, or if they function more as literary devices. This body of evidence will be used for an open visual database of material relating to ancient Greek music. Dr. Hagel’s expertise in ancient music theory and instruments and his work in creating digital tools to assist with the study of ancient music, is of vital importance for this project. In turn, I would bring expertise in Archaic Greek society, art and material culture and new methodological perspectives.

Keywords: music archaeology
Scale-up of our disruptive antibody analytical platform based in flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA) to increase efficiency in the research of new antibodies and vaccines (FIDA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Switzerland,France,France,Denmark
Call: Fast Track to Innovation (FTI) (H2020-EIC-FTI-2018-2020, 2019)
Start date: 2019-12-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3451604.75
EU funding (EUR): 2603936.45
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

Therapeutic antibodies have rapidly become a major component of modern medicine. The global research antibodies market size is expected to reach €3.8bn by 2025. However, exiting research tools have not been able to eliminate Hyper-Sensitivity Reactions (HSRs) against the biologic drug by the patient’s immune system. HSRs are estimated to occur in 10-15% of hospital patients and can arise for any biologic, mostly antibodies. Antibodies are also important in the R&D of new vaccines. To test vaccines, it is necessary to follow the generation of auto-antibodies to verify that the vaccine is working well. This analysis is done with the same tools used in the antibodies research, and with the same drawbacks: artificial assays based on non-native sample materials. Vaccine R&D is immensely costly: up to €400m over a 11-year timeline is standard for a completely new vaccine and overall failure rate from preclinical through to registration is 94%. FIDA is a patented solution that simplifies and standardises immunological measurements under native conditions. We go from 15 treatment steps on current platforms to a single step with FIDA. FIDA is a powerful methodology for quantifying and characterising antibodies and antibody binding with up to 10-times higher sensitivity than present tools. Assays take 5-20 minutes to run, 90% less than alternatives, with full walk-away automation as-standard. FIDA’s simplicity allows to set-up assays versus new targets within 1 day versus 10 days with current tools. It is based on a microcapillary system that needs <3μl of sample, 16-times less than today’s methods to support parallel testing of multiple early-pipeline drug samples. FIDA uses up to 10μl of standard reagents and running costs are €2.60/assay, saving 61% in operational costs. FIDA focuses on both the global research antibodies market and vaccine R&D market at pre-clinical phase (in which certification as a diagnostic/prognostic device is not needed).

Keywords: immunogenicity,adverse drug reactions,antibodies,affinity,disassociation constants,biologics,hyper sensitivity reactions hsrs,antibody protein interactions,pharma randd
Launching high-resolution relaxometry - A powerful new analytical tool for industry (RELAX-MAX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2020-07-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Analytical methods are essential in many industries, such as chemistry, energy, pharmaceutical, and in health services. These methods usually fall into one of two categories: they either identify molecules and their structures or determine the properties of a fluid or a solid. This project will introduce a game-changing method to industry: high-resolution relaxometry in NMR, a label-free method, which combines both approaches as it identifies molecules and characterizes their individual properties within a complex fluid. The main goal of this project is to open a new market for high-resolution relaxometry instrumentation and methods in industry and health services. We have developed innovative hardware, methods, and software for applications of high-resolution relaxometry in biophysics during our ERC StG project. Introducing high-resolution relaxometry to industry will vastly expand what is currently a small budding market for academic users. This project will be carried out with our long-term partner, Bruker Biospin, the world leader in NMR instrumentation. Our strategy is to (1) identify competition and sectors of industry and high-potential end users that will benefit from this ground-breaking method; (2) improve the relaxometry hardware; (3) collaborate with target companies, including initiated work within the chemistry/energy and the pharmaceutical sectors, as well as a laboratory with links to health services; (4) demonstrate the potential of high-resolution relaxometry (e.g. better characterization of raw materials, enhanced processes, or new information for medical diagnostics). This strategy will lay the ground for the commercial deployment of high-resolution relaxometry in industry and health services. Overall, this project will have significant economic impact: new markets for instrumentation and enhanced competitiveness for end users, as well as society benefits in human health with the modernization of diagnostics towards personalized medicine.

Keywords: analytical tools,chemical and energy industries,pharmaceutical industry,medical diagnostics
Cosmological simulations of radio bright plasmas (Cosmo Plasmas)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Italy,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 244269.0
EU funding (EUR): 244269.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Merging galaxy clusters are among the most energetic events in the Universe. Their interaction generates shocks and turbulence in the ionised cluster medium, driving the amplification of magnetic fields and the acceleration of relativistic particles. This leads to the formation of large diffuse radio sources in some clusters. The next generation of radio telescopes, including the European LOFAR observatory, will revolutionize the field, unveiling a complex picture of these non-thermal processes in clusters. However we still lack numerical simulations to match the capabilities of these instruments. This roots in the complexity of models for MHD-turbulence and cosmic-rays poses challenging demands to simulators. Only recent advances in implementations at the outgoing host and by the applicant make these simulations now feasible. Hence this project aims to simulate non-thermal radio sources in galaxy clusters with unprecedented detail. The applicant will run the first Eulerian cosmological MHD simulation that resolves the MHD dynamo in clusters including a self-consistent treatment of cosmic-rays in the intra-cluster-medium. During the outgoing-phase, he will interact with leading experts in the simulation of cosmic ray acceleration and magnetic field amplification at the University of Minnesota. He will be trained in the optimization of grid methods for MHD simulations and algorithms at Cray Inc, a leading vendor of super-computers. Upon return, the applicant will work with leading theorists and observers at the host to fully exploit his simulations. The comparison with LOFAR data and complementary observations will allow a leap forward in the understanding of the complex mechannisms opeating in the cluster medium. The project will establish the applicant as a leading numerical researcher in non-thermal cluster physics and a key figure in the interpretation of radio data. Moreover, the results will directly benefit the European radio astronomical community.

Keywords: galaxy clusters,cosmology,particle acceleration,shocks,turbulence,non thermal radiation
TRapped Ion Coherent Execution of Quantum Fourier Transform (TRICE QFT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2017-05-15
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171460.8
EU funding (EUR): 171460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum computers hold the promise to efficiently solve certain computational problems that would be intractable using conventional computers. The latter are not able to efficiently incorporate quantum phenomena arising with superposition of states or entanglement. In order to realize a large-scale quantum computer, it is imperative to have superior control over the efficiency and reliability of already available quantum operations. Trapped ions, being a scalable quantum system, envisage the experimental realization of a large-scale universal quantum computer. The proposed project will demonstrate a novel route to implement a Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT), a crucial component of many quantum algorithms, in a small-scale quantum information processor based on a string of singly charged ytterbium ions confined in a linear Paul trap. In presence of a magnetic field gradient-induced coupling, simultaneous interaction between all pairs of qubits will be exploited for efficient execution of quantum algorithms. Thus, instead of decomposing a given quantum algorithm into its smallest possible elementary constituents (1- and 2-qubit gates), multi-qubit conditional quantum dynamics will be used to implement a QFT. Experiment and theory will collaborate at all stages to streamline the project. New collaborations will be established allowing to combine the tremendous knowledge and expertise already existing in the field. The breakthroughs envisioned in the project are, to explore and implement simultaneous couplings between N ≥ 4 qubits allowing for efficient execution of quantum algorithms, and to implement a Quantum Fourier Transform with N ≥ 4 qubits pointing into the future capability of realizing a large number factorization using a quantum factoring algorithm. In addition, career development plans are proposed to assist the fellow acquire new skills enabling a high level of professional maturity and independence to lead a successful career in academia.

Keywords: trapped ions,quantum physics,entanglement,quantum computer,quantum information science,quantum fourier transform
Design-driven Open Innovation Challenge for 200 SMEs (200SMEchallenge)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Spain,Estonia,Germany,Italy,Finland,Lithuania,Denmark
Call: Supporting experimentation in innovation agencies (H2020-INNOSUP-2018-06-two-stage, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-10-31
Duration (months): 26.0
Total project cost (EUR): 498367.5
EU funding (EUR): 498367.5
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

Public innovation agencies strive at keeping the pace of SME innovation demand and traditional grant-based models remain the main source to fund research and innovation. However, public innovation agencies seek opportunities to implement supporting schemes pivoted on new approaches. Similarly, European policy makers at all levels experience a lack of robust evidence of the impact of both existing and new supporting models. 200SMEchallenge project will allow a selected set of innovation agencies to set up, implement and scientifically evaluate the impact and the effectiveness of a novel SME innovation support initiative; on the basis of the results, a complete Guide will be delivered and disseminated to make it possible to a larger set ot innovation agencies to take up the piloted scheme, and possible scale it up to other domains. The piloted support initiative has the format of an Innovation Challenges (a.k.a. innovation prize). In particular, the proposed Challenge aims at impacting on SMEs awareness on the benefits of adopting design thinking and user-centric design validated practices (e.g. the Design Sprint) to the extent of validate market fit and technology requirements during the early stages of a new product development (NPD) process. In order to meet such goals project partners will first build capacity to execute the Innovation Challenge, building on guidelines to be developed by an INNOSUP-05 H2020 project (INNOCHALLENGE), as well as from the know-how gathered during previous small scale pilots of the initiative. The experimental rollout of the novel scheme will be framed as the intervention action of an overarching RCT (Randomized Control Trial) study, which will overall involve 200 SMEs. By doing so, the project will deliver sound evidence of impact of the experimental initiative, and validate it as a new SME innovation policy tool.

Keywords: innovation prize,innovation challenge,open innovation,design thinking,design sprint,user centric design,user experience,sme policy,randomized control trial,h2020,innosup
Children in Comics: An Intercultural History from 1865 to Today (COMICS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: Belgium,Belgium
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1452500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1452500.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Owing to their visual essence and status as a popular, modern medium, comics – newspaper strips, comics magazines and graphic novels – provide valuable insight into the transformation of collective consciousness. This project advances the hypothesis that children in comics are distinctive embodiments of the complex experience of modernity, channeling and tempering modern anxieties and incarnating the freedom denied to adults. In testing this hypothesis, the project constructs the first intercultural history of children in European comics, tracing the changing conceptualizations of child protagonists in popular comics for both children and adults from the mid-19th century to the present. In doing so, it takes key points in European history as well as the history of comics into account. Assembling a team of six multilingual researchers, the project uses an interdisciplinary methodology combining comics studies and childhood studies while also incorporating specific insights from cultural studies (history of family life, history of public life, history of the body, affect theory and scholarship on the carnivalesque). This enables the project to analyze the transposition of modern anxieties, conceptualizations of childishness, child-adult power relations, notions of liberty, visualizations of the body, family life, school and public life as well as the presence of affects such as nostalgia and happiness in comics starring children. The project thus opens up a new field of research lying at the intersection of comics studies and childhood studies and illustrates its potential. In studying popular but often overlooked comics, the project provides crucial historical and analytical material that will shape future comics criticism and the fields associated with childhood studies. Furthermore, the project’s outreach activities will increase collective knowledge about comic strips, which form an important, increasingly visible part of cultural heritage.

Keywords: graphic novels,comics,comics studies,childhood studies,children s literature,modernity,history of the body,affect