Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
In-situ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of the Critical Failure Mechanism of Lithium Batteries: Toward safer, highly reliable and energy dense storage. (BATTINSITU)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this proposal is to gain detailed information on the initiation and propagation of dendritic lithium metal deposits in lithium batteries, a critically important and potentially violent failure mechanism in all forms of lithium batteries. With the use of powerful and non-invasive Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques, complemented with electrochemical and X-ray methods, unique insights are sought to impact the entire battery community. This research represents the development of adequate and timely solutions to aid the transition to renewable energy and a more secure and sustainable energy economy.

Keywords: c103 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques,c101 physical chemistry,c109 electrochemistry - electrodialysis - microfluidics,c120 solid state materials,c125 ionic liquids
Polarimetric characterization of natural and artificial chiral anisotropic media (NANOCHIRALITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166336.2
EU funding (EUR): 166336.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose the study the interaction of electromagnetic field with complex chiral media media at optical frequencies by means of Mueller matrix polarimetry. The project spreads on two main areas of study: natural and artifical chiral anisotropic media. To start with, we will study the effect of chiral polarizations and chiral transfer in natural supramolecular chemical systems. When it comes to artiﬁcial materials, we will work on the characterization of the so-called metamaterials, with totally new effective dielectric properties from nanometer-sized ‘‘photonic atoms’’. The main optical property where we will focus our attention is the optical activity displayed by some photonic metamaterials. To accomplish these studies we plan to develop new measurement technologies based on Mueller matrix polarimetry.

Keywords: p106 electromagnetism,p213 mesoscopic physics
The Role of Atg8 Posttranslational Modifications in Autophagy (AS_ETHZ_IEF_2012)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Autophagy is an important cellular degradation pathway required for eukaryotic protein homeostasis. Deregulation of autophagy has been shown to cause the development of various human pathologies, including aggregation diseases and cancer. Autophagy involves the formation of double-membrane vesicles, called autophagosomes, which sequester portions of the cytosol (general autophagy) or whole protein aggregates, organelles or pathogens (selective autophagy). Autophagosomes then fuse with the lysosome or vacuole, where the cargo is degraded. Atg8 is a key regulator of autophagy facilitating autophagosome formation, lysosomal fusion and cargo recruitment. Atg8 is conjugated to the lipid phosphatidylethanolamine and is thereby inserted into the arising autophagsomal membrane, in which it promotes autophagosomal membrane expansion and cargo recruitment through direct binding of LIR-motif containing cargo adaptors. Interestingly, large-scale proteomics data suggest that Atg8 is regulated by several posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Here we propose to study the functional implications of these Atg8 modifications for general and selective autophagy. Intriguingly, our preliminary data suggest that Atg8 undergoes Atg1- and Atg7-dependent polyubiquitination. We propose that Atg8 polyubiquitination may cause a switch from selective to general autophagy to promote cell survival or, alternatively, that it may play a role in autophagosome-vacuole fusion. Moreover, we will investigate the enzymatic machinery and regulatory mechanisms underlying Atg8 PTMs. We anticipate bridging the knowledge gap between large-scale proteomics data and essential functional and mechanistic understanding of Atg8 PTMs. Based on our promising preliminary data, we are confident that this study will provide important insights into the regulation of autophagy while also contributing to the identification of novel drug targets for the treatment of autophagy-related diseases.

Keywords: autophagy,atg8,atg1,atg7,ubiquitination,posttranslational modifications,acetylation,phosphorylation
Quantum scattering at ultracold temperatures: a few S-matrix columns is all we need (SUPERCOLD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 194046.6
EU funding (EUR): 194046.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Technology in the future will rely on the quantum nature of matter. Quantum technologies would be impossible to develop without first understanding what quantum effects have to offer. It is thus crucial to study real quantum systems, for which ultracold atomic/molecular gases are ideal. This project is for the development and application of a novel approach to study molecular collisions at low temperatures. Its expected results will set a new standard in quantum scattering calculations and make feasible problems that are currently intractable. Standard approaches aim for an exhaustive description of the collision process and are nearly impossible to apply to questions of current experimental interest. We will implement a highly optimized code based on a key idea: in the ultracold regime, one is only interested in the properties of a few initial states, often just one. The code will improve on an algorithm proposed by LD Thomas to calculate all scattering information for a single initial state, which has not been used to study ultracold collisions. We will tackle systems for which experiments are currently under way, fostering comparison between theory and observations and interdisciplinary collaboration. Our approach is expected to answer many challenging questions on the success of cooling techniques to go below microKelvin temperatures, assist researchers in the design of novel experiments and lead to high-impact publications. The project is designed as a collaborative effort involving researchers from 5 institutions in as many EU states. The main work will be carried out in O Dulieu's group at Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, one of the world's leaders in the field. It will provide me with critical training in quantum scattering theory and ab initio techniques, and in transferable skills including project management, communication, presentation and creativity. It will significantly boost my career as an independent researcher and my chances to get an academic position.

Keywords: ultracold molecular scattering,new methods and algorithms,p107 atomic - molecular physics,p316 theoretical and computational chemistry,m117 numerical analysis and scientific computing
Quantitative Modeling of Calcium Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Nanojunctions (QUMOCA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-10
End date: 2016-02-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 248379.6
EU funding (EUR): 248379.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed work focuses on vascular smooth muscle cells, which control our veins and arteries. Their ability to contract is governed by the amount of calcium ions inside the cell. Sodium too in these cells helps regulate cellular calcium levels. In the past two decades, researchers have observed that during muscle contraction intracellular calcium concentration varies periodically. These variations are referred to as oscillations. Our research has helped establish a link between these oscillations and the health of the cell, and consequently of our cardiovascular system. In the past we have shown that such calcium ion movements in the thin smooth muscle cells spiraling around our blood vessels are controlled by complex ultra-structure of membranes within the smooth muscle cells. Since these molecular processes take place at a scale that cannot be visualized and measured by available instrumentation, we will develop quantitative computational models of calcium and sodium movement in these cells. This will greatly enhance our understanding of the basic cellular mechanisms behind these oscillations and of the machinery that enables these mechanisms. The project will use methods and concepts from pharmacology, microscopy and biophysics. The medical relevance of this research is related to the fact that all of our daily functions including movements of our limbs, beating of our hearts, regulation of our blood circulation, as well as short term memory are regulated by movements of intracellular calcium ions. Joining the researcher's expertise in quantitative modeling of ion transport in vascular smooth muscle and the partner's knowledge and understanding of ion transporters provides an ideal situation both to improve our understanding of the above mentioned mechanisms as well as their link to cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: l407 cardiovascular disease,vascular smooth muscle,stochastic modeling,calcium signaling,calcium waves,sarcoplasmic reticulum,ncx,trpc,serca
‘Till Death Us Do Part’: The Comparative History of Domestic Homicide in Early Modern Europe (CHDHOM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project offers new complex analysis of the history of private violence within the context of public violence decline. It studies domestic homicide as a legal, cultural, and historical phenomenon to bring new understanding of origins and attitudes to domestic violence in Modern European society. The project builds on comparative data from main European regions including Eastern and Southern Europe introducing new documents and focusing on such questions as whether decline in public violence by the end of the 18th century can be explained by the domestication of homicide; if and how killing family members facilitated a safer public environment; whether the nature of private violence changed over time and whether private violence is intrinsic to modern society. It is a new and pioneering study looking at early modern European society, using domestic homicide as a filter to identify the level of violence based on the comparison between major European regions. The project systematises previous research, links different disciplines and introduces new empirical data using unconventional geographic understanding of Europe that should push the scholarship to explore EU heritage on the grounds of equal value systems, erasing the heavy built Cold war borderline between the West and the East. The project will result in a monograph, two articles in peer-reviewed journals, and four conference presentations. In addition it will provide connections to and impact on the wider community through networking and Marie Curie Ambassador’s functions to raise awareness about high levels of domestic violence and usage of violence in modern society.

Keywords: s110 legal systems - constitutions - foundations of law,s111 private - public and social law,s410 social - economic - cultural and political history,s412 cultural heritage
Cardiac fibrosis versus regeneration: lessons learned from the zebrafish (CAREFISH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Myocardial infarction (MI) leading to ischemic heart disease is the most common cause of death worldwide. In mammals, MI results in the in the replacement of the damaged myocardium with a scar. However, other animals, such as teleost fish have a remarkable capacity to regenerate damaged tissue replacing it with newly formed tissue. Recently, a zebrafish model of MI has been established. Cryoinjury (CI) of 25% of the ventricle leads to massive cell death and the deposition of fibrotic tissue. While in mammals cardiac fibrosis is irreversible, in the zebrafish the scar regresses and the injured area is replaced by new cardiomyocytes. Although the regenerative capacity of the zebrafish heart was described a decade ago, little is known about its molecular mechanisms. The aim of this project is to analyse the fate of myofibroblast during cardiac regeneration in the zebrafish. Only few apoptotic myofibroblasts are detected after CI leaving several questions unanswered as to what happens to these cells. Another important aspect is to understand the molecular mechanisms behind cardiac regeneration in a MI-model in zebrafish. We will test if cardiac regeneration is accomplished by the re-expression of developmentally active genes. We will study the role of the transcription factor tbx1 (involved in cardiac development in zebrafish as well as in humans), which has been identified in a recent screen performed in the host group. We will also analyse the function of molecules secreted from the epicardium. This mesothelial layer has been recently shown to play a pivotal role during cardiac repair and, given its accessibility, poses an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. In sum, this project will characterize how in zebrafish mechanisms driving cardiomyocyte proliferation and scar formation are outbalanced to allow cardiac regeneration and propose that the findings may ultimately contribute to future therapies for the improvement of human cardiovascular health.

Keywords: myocardial infarction,zebrafish,tbx1,cardiac regeneration,cardiomyocyte proliferation,cryoinjury,myofibroblasts,scar formation,epicardium
Enlightenment craving for information: the use of questionnaires for knowledge acquisition and exchange during the Eighteenth Century (INFOCRAVING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183504.6
EU funding (EUR): 183504.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research project aims to deliver a comparative, transnational and multidisciplinary study on Eighteenth-Century questionnaires, exploring the extent to which they were systematically employed to collect, select, manipulate and disseminate information. Questionnaires offer a valuable example to examine how local knowledge was systematized within a rigid structure, transferred and implemented in another context (cultural transfer). By examining a few chosen case-studies comparatively and by applying diversified methods, the project intends to discuss concepts of information, knowledge exchange, networks, mediation and political censorship. Broad scope is to endorse a reconceptualization of the Enlightenment in transnational terms. Contrary to ideas of the Enlightenment compartmentalized in national identities, the project elaborates on the transnational and entangled nature of Enlightenment Europe. The philosophes’ ambition towards the expansion of knowledge is satisfied, inter alia, by the establishment of networks and by the use of questionnaires to acquire new information. It is in the very intention to send those questionnaires to France, Spain, Russia, Britain, Prussia among others, that the historian-philosophers of the Enlightenment already conceived Europe as a system of distinct but intertwined units. The ultimate aspiration of the project is to advance a further step towards the construction of a historical discourse which could illuminate the existence of a cohesive and entangled Europe long before the creation of the European Union. Long-range and far-reaching objective is to further contribute to the debate on whether the concept of information age is, to a certain extent, applicable to Eighteenth-Century society (retrospectively rather than anachronistically).

Keywords: s405 modern and contemporary history,s410 social - economic - cultural and political history,s408 historiography - theory and methods of history,s406 entangled histories
Dynamic effective connectivity of the Virtual Brain (DYNVIB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269743.8
EU funding (EUR): 269743.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Anatomic connections between brain areas affect information flow between neuronal circuits. However, such structural connectivity does not coincide with effective connectivity related to the more elusive question “Which areas cause the present activity of which others?”. Indeed effective connectivity depends flexibly on contexts and tasks and must be reconfigurable even when the underlying structural connectivity is fixed. Recently, computational mean-field models of whole-brain networks have reproduced with remarkable accuracy functional interactions in the so-called “resting state”, showing that they emerge spontaneously from the interplay between thalamocortical structure, interaction delays and noise-driven local dynamics. Beyond the resting state, we will investigate how sensory- or cognitive-driven biases modulate the macro-scale dynamics of a simulated brain. Beyond mean-field approaches, we will model selected brain areas at a micro-scale level of detail, in order to describe correlations in their spiking activity and analyze how they are reorganized by changes in brain state. More specifically, we will focus on functional interactions between brain areas belonging to the dorsal and ventral attention systems, known to be determinant for the initiation, the maintenance and the reorienting of selective attention. In this context, we will explore how the self-organization of neural activity controls the balance between top-down and bottom-up inter-areal influences, in different attentional conditions. We will then study how emergent dynamic patterns of multi-frequency phase-coherence enable flexible routing of information encoded in spiking activity. This work will profit of the stimulating environment offered by the Systems Neuroscience Institute in Marseille, in charge of the development of “the Virtual Brain”, a high-performance-computing platform for realistic and potentially clinically-relevant “virtual imaging” experiments.

Keywords: l509 systems neuroscience,l510 neuroimaging and computational neuroscience,l507 cognition,l501 neuroanatomy and neurophysiology,p114 non-linear physics
Subsurface conditions in Himalayan glaciers – implications for outburst flood risk prediction (DCGGEOPHYS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-03-17
End date: 2016-03-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 216034.2
EU funding (EUR): 216034.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project is concerned with local scale glacier response to climate change, and focuses on the development of techniques for improved assessment and prediction of glacial lake outburst hazards. In mountain regions, potentially hazardous moraine-dammed glacial lakes are becoming increasingly common due to climatically driven glacier recession. Such large bodies of water, in remote mountainous locations, require large scale, and often expensive, mitigation strategies to reduce the potential hazard. Currently, it is not possible to precisely predict where or when hazards will develop, because insufficient is known about the processes driving lake expansion and very little is known about the structural integrity of the moraine dams. The overall aim of this project is to develop new tools to determine the internal structure and geotechnical properties of moraine and ice dams, and to understand the controls on lake expansion rates. Innovative geophysical techniques will be employed in combination with remote sensing and mapping methods, working towards the development of fully quantitative predictive models of glacial lake outburst. Techniques will be developed on accessible, analogous moraine systems in Svalbard and applied on the terminal zone of Ngozumpa Glacier, Nepal, where a moraine-dammed lake has begun rapid growth. Due to the importance of glacier systems in amplifying the impacts of warming, there is a particular need for highly trained glaciologists with a strong focus on practical applications of front-line science. The international collaborations and publications from this project will showcase and area of excellence in the European Research Area on an international stage. The world class training facilities and vigorous research culture at UNIS provides a unique environment for nurturing talented early-career scientists, enabling the applicant to fully develop the skill set and intellectual rigor needed to meet the challenges of the 21st Century.

Keywords: v102 environmental regulation and mediation,v104 geographical information systems - cartography,v201 climatology and climate change,glacier recession,hazard prediction and mitigation