Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the roles of the beta-catenin and Tcf genetic programmes during colorectal cancer progression (CRC PROGRAMME)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1602817.0
EU funding (EUR): 1602817.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Most colorectal cancers (CRCs) are initiated by activating mutations in components of the Wnt signalling pathway. Physiological Wnt signals are required for the specification and maintenance of the stem and progenitor cell compartments of the intestinal crypts. We demonstrated that early colorectal lesions exhibit a constitutive Wnt target gene programme, which is very similar to that of normal intestinal stem and progenitor cells. We originally proposed that colorectal adenomas behave as clusters of intestinal cells locked into a constitutive crypt progenitor phenotype. Given the prevalence of Wnt signalling mutations in CRC, an outstanding endeavour is the characterization of the similarities and differences in the instructions dictated by beta-catenin and Tcf to normal intestinal cells vs. CRC cells. Here, we propose to systematically compare and catalogue the beta-catenin/Tcf genetic programmes in intestinal progenitor/stem cells, intestinal adenomas and late CRCs. Transcriptomic analysis of isolated normal progenitor cells and tumor cell populations combined with bioinformatic analysis of gene regulatory networks will allow us to workout the hierarchical interactions downstream of beta-catenin and Tcf. Moreover, functional analysis of key beta-catenin/Tcf target genes using genetically modified mice models will help us to pinpoint which Wnt-controlled functions are essential for tumor maintenance and progression in vivo. Moreover, we seek to understand the tumor suppressor role of EphB2 and EphB3 receptors, two beta-catenin/Tcf target genes in normal crypts and benign colorectal adenomas, that block cancer progression by compartmentalizing tumor cells at the onset of CRC. Overall, our results will shed light on the relationship between stem/progenitor cells and cancer and hold potential for the future development of both therapeutic and diagnostic tools.

Keywords: colorectal cancer,stem cells,wnt signaling,gene expression profiling,cancer genetics,mice models of cancer
Market Design and the Evolution of Markets (MADEM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 840000.0
EU funding (EUR): 840000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The broad aim of this research program is to understand how markets get created, how they evolve, and how specific market organizations affect economic outcomes. It combines theoretical and empirical analyses of specific markets and includes the development of new methods to map theory to data and vice versa. Each market provides a concrete ground to explore the broad questions the project addresses and motivates a distinct set of questions. The first class of markets the research will consider are financial markets. These can be viewed as the archetype of large markets where prices play the main role in the allocation. The focus there will on market creation, market evolution and the process of competition. The second class of markets the research will consider are allocation mechanisms where prices do not play a role in the allocation, making efficiency hard to obtain. The focus there will be on strategic manipulation of preferences by participants, their consequences on outcomes and possible remedies. Together, these markets will contribute to our understanding of how market rules affect outcomes and performance, to what extent laissez-faire evolution fosters efficient market organizations, and when and how public intervention can help generate better market organizations.

Keywords: market design,after-markets,competition between markets,transition,estimation of disequilibrium phenomena,network effects
Epithelial Resealing (RESEAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1150000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Epithelia have the essential role of acting as a barrier that protects living organisms and its organs from the surrounding milieu. Therefore, it is crucial for epithelial tissues to have robust ways of maintaining its integrity despite the frequent damage caused by normal cell turnover, inflammation and injury. All epithelia have some capacity to repair themselves, however, the wound-healing process differs dramatically between the developmental stage and type of tissue involved. In this project we will focus on investigating the capacity that several simple epithelial tissues have to reseal small discontinuities very rapidly and efficiently. This repair mechanism that we call epithelial resealing is based on the contraction of an actomyosin purse string in the leading edge cells around the wound margin. Epithelial resealing seems to be a fundamental repair mechanism, acting in several types of simple embryonic and adult epithelia, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The cell biology of epithelial resealing has started to be understood but there are still many open questions and the signalling cascades that regulate this process are largely unknown. We propose to investigate epithelial resealing using a combination of genetics and high resolution live imaging. The Drosophila embryonic epithelium will be our primary model system and we will start by characterizing in detail novel genes involved in resealing that have been identified in a pilot screen previously performed in the laboratory. We will also perform a new RNAi genetic screen based on a very large collections of transgenic lines to completely unravel the signalling network that controls epithelial resealing. In order to investigate how conserved in vertebrates are the epithelial resealing mechanisms, we will establish epithelial wounding assays in zebrafish simple epithelial tissues and we will study, in this vertebrate model system, the molecular mechanisms that we will uncover using Drosophila.

Keywords: wound healing,morphogenesis,drosophila
New science for European ps time-resolved Laue X-ray diffraction (STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 46.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I pursue the study of molecular reaction dynamics of biomolecules mostly in the non-coherent time-regime using spectroscopic and X-ray structural techniques. In recent years, breakthroughs in the field of pump-probe X-ray crystallographic structure determination of reaction intermediates of light-sensitive proteins have generated much excitement. These experiments provide insight of key Biological importance and marry structural observations with spectroscopic studies to understand molecular reactivity. My work focuses on the light-sensitive proteins in particular to provide structural dynamics understanding of photoreactions and Biological signalling. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is investing in this area, providing and integrating technology that has been developed for pump-probe experiments using the pink-Laue technique in new designs for an upgraded and advanced beamline at ESRF. Historically, research groups in the US have dominated this field and the recent commissioning of the Biocars pump-probe beamline 14-ID-B at APS which has capabilities similar to ID09B at ESRF shows that international competition is strong. While technical capabilities of these two sources have rapidly developed, there has been an obvious lag in applications for the methodology. So far, photolysis of heme proteins (myoglobin-CO and recently FixL) and a photoreceptor molecule called Photoactive Yellow Protein (PYP) have been targets for pump-probe experiments. Clearly it is of strong strategic importance for European science to compete in this area. I have invested four years to develop the Green Fluorescent Protein as a new application, focussing on both time-resolved Laue diffraction as well as ultrafast vibrational and visible spectroscopy to characterise structural dynamics and to establish excited state absorption properties and reactivity for optical pulse profile optimisation for providing sufficient optical penetration. Here, I request European support for establi

Keywords: pump-probe methods
Plant endomembrane trafficking in physiology and development (PLANT-MEMB-TRAFF)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1199889.0
EU funding (EUR): 1199889.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the structure and function of endomembrane compartments is central to a mechanistic understanding of eukaryotic cell behavior. Multi-cellular organisms show an increased complexity and specialization in their endomembrane trafficking pathways. Higher plants have independently developed multi-cellularity and show a differently structured, but highly complex endomembrane system that regulates numerous, fundamental processes, such as cell wall composition, plant nutrition or immune responses. However, the specificities of plant endomembrane trafficking are only insufficiently addressed by homology-based approaches, which are inherently biased and limited to modules and pathways that are conserved between animals/yeast and plants. I propose to address this by undertaking forward genetic approaches for regulators of endocytic trafficking in Arabidopis with newly developed tools. In addition, I will establish the root endodermis as a model to address the mechanism of epithelial polarity establishment in plants. Epithelia are a fundamental feature of multi-cellular organisms and have independently evolved in plants and animals. The root endodermis is a tissue of central importance for plant nutrition. It is accessible to analysis and displays all the defining features of an epithelium. Studying the endodermis will allow me to investigate how independent or conserved the mechanisms of epithelial polarity are. Apart from the immediate interest for a number of plant developmental and adaptive responses, I contend that both parts of my proposal are also of general, fundamental interest. Current comparisons between yeast and animals do not give us any reliable and coherent idea about what is truly fundamental or derived in eukaryotic membrane organization. Unbiased research on plant membrane trafficking will provide insight into an additional, divergent type of eukaryotic cell and allow a better appreciation of the evolution of eukaryotic membrane organization.

Keywords: plant biology,intracellular trafficking,polarity establishment,bacterial effector function
Stochastic model of on-farm fruit fly behaviour and their response to IPM interventions (FRUIT FLIES SGGW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Poland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The purpose of this proposal is to provide financial assistance to an experienced researcher, Dr Slawomir A. Lux, who for 15 years has worked at the International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology in Kenya. Currently, he is planning his return to Europe and is looking for re-employment in the research sector in Poland, where he intends to establish his primary and lasting operating base for his future research activities. We plan to utilise resources of the IRG grant for a prompt start of the basic steps of the reintegration process, which would allow Dr Lux to: A. Establish formal ties with the recipient institution (SGGW) through initial employment. Part of the grant resources will be used to complement University contribution to the salary of Dr Lux. B. Undertake his own research under the “umbrella” of SGGW - development of a “Stochastic model of on-farm fruit fly behaviour and their response to IPM interventions”. C. Expand qualifications through specialised training D. Obtain a formal degree of “Doctor Habilitus” through “habilitation” process, in order to render him formally eligible for an academic position adequate to his experience, and equivalent to the position he has earned in the international system. E Build a portfolio of his own grants and projects hosted at his new research base at SGGW F. Maintain professional contacts and presence through attending professional conferences.

Keywords: fruit flies,attractants,modelling,fruit production,tropical agriculture
Understanding materials and devices at the nanoscale using atomistic simulations (UMDNAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-03
End date: 2011-09-02
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

An atomic- or electronic-level description of matter will be used as the basis for computer simulations of materials and devices. A variety of problems near the intersection of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, and materials science will be studied with the overall goal of exploring the physical properties of materials and devices and providing detailed information on these properties that is not accessible experimentally. This project will provide the understanding and quantitative information that is necessary to improve the efficiencies of existing materials synthesis techniques and it will uncover new properties of materials that, inevitably, will be exploited in technological applications. Topics that will be studied include the structure and dynamics of silicate liquids and glasses, the performance, efficiency, and underlying thermodynamic principles of artificial and naturally-occurring nanomachines, and the structures, growth, and physical properties of nanostructured materials. While much can be learned using existing simulation techniques, there is much room for improvement of the accuracy of large-scale atomistic simulations of semiconducting materials. A goal of this project will be to develop new accurate force-fields for materials such as silicon, GaAs, and CdSe so that reliable simulations can be performed of the growth and assembly of clusters, nanocrystals, and nanorods. These simulations will be used to provide a better understanding of the relationships between the structures and physical properties of materials.

Keywords: physical sciences,computational physics,thermodynamics,mechanical and thermal properties,nanoscience,nanotechnology,chemical physics
Nanotube Based Polymer Optoelectronics (NANOPOTS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1799964.0
EU funding (EUR): 1799964.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The target of this project is to develop a new class of polymer based optoelectronic devices embedding the optical and electronic functionalities of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These devices will combine the fabrication advantages of polymer photonics, with the tunable active and passive optical properties of CNTs. This is an ambitious frontier research program, with a strong interdisciplinary nature, across engineering, physical, chemical and soft matter sciences. The ERC grant will consolidate the newly funded Research Group lead by the PI at the newly built centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics of the University of Cambridge. CNTs will be grown by chemical vapour deposition at low temperatures, compatible with polymer processing. Direct deposition of CNT on optical components (such as fibres and mirrors) will be studied. Fundamental understanding of ultra-fast non-linear optics will be sought by a combination of theory and experiments. A range of novel photonic polymers incorporating CNTs will be produced: index matching gels, optical adhesives and silicones. These new materials, incorporating the optical functionality of CNTs, will be used to build a variety of photonic devices. Nanowires are also promising for photonic applications, since they exhibit a size-tunable absorption resonance at telecommunications wavelengths, and their use will also be considered.

Keywords: photonics,nanocomposites,ultrafast optics
Early Earth evolution: chemical differentiation vs. mantle mixing (EARLY EARTH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 52.0
Total project cost (EUR): 453286.0
EU funding (EUR): 453286.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although short-lived chronometers have yielded a precise chronology of the Early Earth differentiation, there is insufficient data available on the chemical fractionation related to these processes to model the Early Earth’s differentiation. 142Nd isotope data suggest that a reservoir enriched in rare earth elements (REE) has existed since 4.53 Ga, but has not been sampled since its formation. A key question is whether such a reservoir could remain hidden for more than 4.5 Gyr in the convective mantle. The first goal of this project is to test whether the REE alternatively could be stored in the core. Information on the mantle composition and the extent of chemical differentiation in the Early Earth will be also obtained by measurement of Sm-Nd, Pt-Re-Os and Lu-Hf radiogenic systems of Archean samples. This work will provide valuable information on (1) the redox state of the Early Earth, (2) the nature of the precursor material forming the Earth, the chronology of Earth's differentiation relative to the Moon formation, and (4) for reconstructing a model for terrestrial magma ocean crystallization. This proposal will provide the possibility of tackling a topic from a number of angles, using new instrumentation. New approaches and collaborations will be combined in order to constrain the most realistic model of the early Earth evolution.

Keywords: earth's differentiation,chronology of the solar system,planetary accretion
The Intellectual and Material Legacies of Late Medieval Sephardic Judaism: An Interdisciplinary Approach (INTELEG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 719336.0
EU funding (EUR): 719336.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From the 13th to the 15th centuries, the Jews of the Iberian Peninsula (Sepharad) lived side by side with Christians and Muslims. Although persistent tensions existed between these three groups, their members also participated in a common artistic, intellectual and scientific endeavour that produced the requisite conditions for the dawn of the European Renaissance. The worldviews of all three communities revolved around their sacred texts—the Hebrew and Christian Bibles and the Qur’an. This project will take as a focal point Judaism and its sacred text, and will explore its role and impact in late medieval society at large. The project will coordinate the research of a group of young scholars doing groundbreaking work in the field, all sharing a cross-cultural and inter-disciplinary perspective. As a group, we will bring under analysis a wide range of concepts—the production of sacred texts as objects, the history of their cataloguing and preservation, the multiple and conflicting interpretations of their contents, their role as social agents that fostered coexistence or created exclusions, their impact in literature and the arts, their relationship with medieval science, and their relationship to Muslim and Christian Scriptures. The project has a special relevance for today’s multicultural and pluralistic Europe, as it can help to minimize fundamentalist readings of the sacred texts, bring about a greater understanding of the historical roots of modern intercultural conflict and, ultimately, contribute to the development of non essentialist theories of race and culture.

Keywords: judaism,middle ages,visual and textual culture,sacred texts