Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Collective Attitudes and Normative Disagreement (CAND)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

CAND - Collective Attitudes and Normative Disagreement concerns the perspectival nature of legal discourse. The main aim of the project is to increase our understanding of legal and normative discourse in light of contemporary accounts of the semantics and pragmatics of deontic modals, and of collective intentionality. This is a highly interdisciplinary project, connecting various philosophical disciplines with jurisprudence. The project will apply state-of-the-art theories and arguments of contextualist semantics about deontic modals and value predicates to the case of statements of law (i.e. statements of what, according to law, one ought to do). This will be achieved by a systematic exploration of the relationship between four debates in four different areas: first, the problem of the semantics and pragmatics of ought and might claims in philosophy of language; second, the debate on the perspectival nature of legal statements in legal philosophy; third, the debate on dispositional accounts of normative facts and values in metaphysics; and fourth the debate on collective intentionality in the philosophy of mind and action. Marques believes that there is a common set of issues underlying these seldom-connected debates. Her guiding research idea is that contextualist semantics is adequate for all normative statements, and difficult cases can be explained with a combination of (i) pragmatic accounts of the metalinguistic selection of appropriate standards, and (ii) proper accounts of collective intentionality. The project will pursue three objectives in particular: (O1) To develop the case for contextualism about deontic modals in the domain of normative legal statements and judgments. (O2) To investigate the role of joint commitments and collective intentionality in normative disputes, and the constitution of normative facts. (O3) To assess the relevance of the results achieved under O1 and O2 for the ongoing debate about legal positivism and the nature of law.

Keywords: perspectival legal statements,contextualist and relativist semantics,deontic and epistemic modals,disagreement,collective intentionality,legal disputes,legal positivism.
Functional roles of astroglial connexins in the generation of sharp wave ripples (ASTRORIPPLES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-01
End date: 2017-07-07
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269743.8
EU funding (EUR): 269743.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

It is believed that sleep plays an important role in memory consolidation. In rodents, hippocampal neurons (place cells) selectively discharge when the animal is in a specific location in space. During subsequent sleep, they are reactivated in the same order at 200Hz network oscillations known as ripples. This timescale is optimal for synaptic plasticity underlying memory. The host team (Rouach) has recently shown that connexin 30 (Cx30), a main gap-junction subunit in astrocytes, regulates excitatory synaptic transmission and is upregulated in mice raised in enriched environments known to enhance learning and memory. In addition, the lack of Cx30 impairs behaviour and responsiveness to novelty implying an important role for Cx30 in behavioral, cognitive processes, and physiological network activity. However, the mechanisms involved in this role are still unclear since Cx functions extend beyond intercellular communication and include hemichannel-mediated and channel-independent functions. This project aims to investigate the role of astroglial Cx30 in ripples activity and the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. The researcher (Cheung) has ~8 years of experience and success in research on both neurons and glia from labs in Germany and UK. After a career break, she is determined to resume her research career by leading this project in France at the host team, which is internationally recognised in the field of neuroglial and Cx physiology. In collaboration with a team of experts in electrophysiology in freely behaving animals (Zugaro), a unique multidisciplinary approach combining in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology, pharmacology and molecular biology will be taken. The Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowships for Career Development will provide an ideal platform and a prestigious opportunity for Cheung to continue developing her research career into becoming an independent researcher in Europe specialising in glial contributions to neuronal functions.

Keywords: astrocytes,connexins,connexin 30,ripples,sharp wave ripples,gap junction,learning,memory,sleep,electrophysiology,network oscillations,memory consolidation,place cells
Nanocatalytic drugs towards Alzheimer's disease (ORGANOZYMES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230809.8
EU funding (EUR): 230809.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Here is proposed nano-scale synthesis and combinatorial screening of medium sized peptide-transition metal catalyst libraries with the aim of producing libraries for screening highly selective catalysts for development of nano-medicines. The implementation of catalytic molecules as medicines is a new paradigm in treatment that can overcome a number of the difficulties with present drugs. As with real enzymes the enzyme capacity of these catalysts comes from productive and selective binding of the TS of reaction. The aim is to develop enzyme like molecules: Organozymes, characterized by high turnover as well as both high chemo- and high regio-selectivity. Novel ligands for transition metals containing functional groups will be synthesized and incorporated into encoded solid phase combinatorial libraries on bio-compatible resins. Encoding ensures extremely fast and simple structure/activity assessment. The screening of split-mix combinatorial libraries of organozymes will have the distinct purpose of developing of artificial proteases as drugs. This involves e. g. Fe, Zn and Cu peptide complexes and combinatorial FRET-substrate screening for proteolytic activity to identify artificial organozyme proteases that act as nano-medicine towards marker proteins in Alzheimers disease. Nano-container delivery of catalytic drugs to target tissue will be developed.

Keywords: catalysis,combinatorial chemistry,neurological disorders,nanochemistry,protein chemistry,peptidomimetics,polymer chemistry
Modelling pastoral adaptation in arid lands: an ethnoarchaeological approach (PASTORALMOD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Pastoral groups are often pictured as marginal realities within the settled agricultural world. Yet, herders are numerous and widespread, and represent the core of some regional economies around the world. Pastoralism is among the most efficient strategies for food security in marginal environments. These areas are home to overlooked biodiversity, and even actual deserts host a surprising variability of pastoral societies. Current desert dwellers are, in fact, living archives of successful adaptation to arid lands, expressed in a set of tangible and intangible values, which are yet to be fully understood. Nowadays, global warming and dry lands expansion require fresh tools to study pastoralists adaptation in the old world deserts, via innovative and multidisciplinary approaches. Mainly drawing upon data collected in the course of the candidate’s doctoral research, this project focuses on the study of the mechanisms of adaptation of the Kel Tadrart Tuareg, a small lineage of herders living in the Tadrart Acacus massif (SW Libya, Sahara), by an ethnoarchaeological approach. The aims of the project are: (i) to use ethnographic and ethnohistorical data from the Kel Tadrart to build an agent based model (ABM) to explore choices and strategies of adaptation of pastoral people; (ii) to apply the model/simulation approach to investigate past adaptations in SW Libya in historical times (1000BC-1000AD); (iii) to generate a policy-oriented model for the pastoral exploitation of arid and semiarid lands.

Keywords: arid lands,pastoralism,ethnoarchaeology,sahara,tadrart acacus,kel tadrart,resilience,variability,historical archaeology in the sahara,landscape,gis,remote sensing,agent based model
REAL LONG-TERM WORKING CONDITIONS OF ANTI-GRAFFITI AND SELF-CLEANING COATINGS FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PROTECTION OF THE EUROPEAN CULTURAL HERITAGE (CLEANING HERITAGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-15
End date: 2016-09-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Graffiti and soiling put in danger the European Cultural Heritage, which comprises more than 3.5 million protected monuments. They both cause aesthetic damage which, in turn, causes degradation of the objects affected that often require expensive cleaning. The long-term effects for urban cultural heritage buildings can be very severe, as cleaning procedures can alter the superficial characteristics of the porous and sometimes already weathered materials, making them more susceptible to the penetration of pigments and dirt. The removal of dirt and graffiti in European countries has such a high economic impact; on cleaning graffiti alone, Europe spends 2 billion euro per year according to the European Commission officials; that prevention is seen as a good solution. Self-cleaning coatings have been used since the end of the 1980s on building materials. More recently anti-graffiti coatings have started to protect surfaces at risk. Nevertheless, there have only been very few studies on such treatments and their potential for use on cultural heritage objects since products for their specific protection are less developed due to the requirement they must meet: efficient protection with minimal modification of the substrate. The principal aim of this research is to implement the use of anti-graffiti and self-cleaning coatings on European Cultural Heritage through a deep knowledge of the interactions products-substrates and their performance under real long-term working conditions in unique test walls at Oxford University. This proposal approaches two relevant issues in Europe. First, the conservation of our rich Heritage, valuable in multiple senses: aesthetic, cultural, economic, etc. and secondly the cleanliness of our cities, a problem of growing interest which has been addressed by the policies of the EU since September 2006, when the European Parliament gave instructions to the European Commission to create policies to prevent and eliminate dirt and graffiti.

Keywords: cultural heritage,conservation,anti-graffiti,self-cleaning,climatic change,environmental cabinets,natural weathering,artificial weathering,natural stone,concrete,brick,coatings,tio2
Silicon carbon oxide minerals at extreme pressure and temperature conditions. (SICOMIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IOF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-02-23
End date: 2018-02-22
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 352176.3
EU funding (EUR): 352176.3
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this research project is to synthesize Si-C-O-based minerals under extreme pressures and temperatures (several tens of GPa and thousands of degrees) and study in situ their structure stability and physical properties at Earth’s mantle conditions. Experiments will be performed using cutting-edge techniques such as diamond-anvil cells and high-power heating lasers together with concurrent complementary characterization techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy or x-ray diffraction in synchrotron radiation facilities. Recent results suggest that these two compounds, CO2 and SiO2, could react at high pressure-temperature. The model system SiO2-CO2 is, however, compositionally not representative of the Earth’s mantle. Thus, in a second stage we will undertake experiments in the more complex Mg-Si-C-O system. The resulting framework Si-C-O-based minerals could be potential candidates of major host of oxidized carbon in the Earth. The discovery of these compounds would give rise to a completely new class of oxides of great interest for Earth and materials sciences. The results will be compared with ab initio simulations, giving a detailed and consistent experimental and theoretical picture of HP-HT Si-C-O mineral physics. Our group has already performed a theoretical search finding two possible HP-HT thermodynamic stable polymorphs. The expected results will allow accurately determining the thermodynamic parameters at the carbonate-silicate stability boundaries which are crucial for understanding the nature of the carbonate-silicate geophysical cycle. In addition, the project seeks to setup a table-top mineral laser-heating facility in Valencia. Developments made could be later transferred to the high-pressure MSPD beamline at ALBA synchrotron. In summary, this Marie Curie IOF Fellowship will fund a high-risk/high benefit interdisciplinary project and will facilitate the definitive candidate’s transition to the high-quality European scientific workforce.

Keywords: silicon carbon oxides,high pressure,high temperature,earth's mantle minerals,carbonate-silicate stability boundaries,earth's carbon cycle,mg-si-c-o system,phase diagram
INTEGRATION OF PHOTONIC NANOSTRUCTURES IN FLEXIBLE DYE SOLAR CELLS (INPHOFLEX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

It is the main goal of this project to bring to the host institution and the European Research Area the knowledge and technology to prepare current record flexible dye sensitized photovoltaic devices, previously developed by the candidate in South Korea and then the USA, in order to be able to further improve them, while endowing them with semi-transparency, using stretchable and bendable optical materials. The candidate has demonstrated that several key materials and processes provide better performance of bendable dye solar cells, i.e., enhanced efficiency and flexibility, by allowing the preparation of electrodes in which the electron diffusion length is longer and charge collection efficiency is consequently enhanced. However, highly efficient dye solar cells are opaque as a consequence of the particular diffuse scattering design employed to improve light absorption, which limits their application in building or automotive integrated photovoltaics. This proposal seeks to solve such drawback by introducing photonic nanostructures in different configurations, yielding both light harvesting enhancement and preserving transparency, hence placing Europe at the forefront of research in this specific area within the field of renewable energy. This final goal will be attempted through different approaches, each one challenging from the materials science perspective. Preparation of such highly efficient and transparent devices will combine the flexible solar cell processing tools previously developed by the candidate with the versatile optical material preparation techniques pioneered by the host institution. More specifically, integration of novel porous flexible photonic structures into the light harvesting layer, use of flexible mirrors attached to the back of the counter-electrode, and designed distribution of scatterers will be employed to reach the target.

Keywords: flexible solar cells,transparent solar cells,flexible electrodes,light harvesting,optical materials,photonic structures,low temperature,nanoglue
Monitoring Intracranial Pressure (MICP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF, 2013)
Start date: 2015-01-12
End date: 2017-01-11
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The most common cause of death in neurosurgical patients is raised intracranial pressure and therefore it is essential that accurate monitoring of this pressure is undertaken clinically. Currently there are no non-invasive methods available. The overall aim of this research proposal is to develop a novel method for monitoring intracranial pressure. The overall aim will be achieved by undertaking the following complementary research objectives: 1) To measure the viscoelastic properties of skull and brain tissue; 2) To create a computational model of the skull and brain tissue to develop an understanding of the relationship between strain in the skull and intracranial pressure; 3) To establish a real-time monitoring system for intracranial pressure; 4) To develop a physical model that can be used to validate the computational model. The Bio-medical Engineering Research Group at the University of Birmingham has a wide range of skills and expertise in the application of engineering to solving medical problems. The research areas have traditionally been orthopaedics and cardiovascular. The Incoming Fellow, Dr Xianfang Yue from the University of Science and Technology (Beijing, China), will bring a new research area in neurological structures and the aim is for the knowledge to be transferred to the University of Birmingham and embedded within the researchers of the Bio-medical Engineering Research Group. The knowledge transfer objectives are: 1) To transfer Dr Xianfang Yue’s state of the art knowledge to the host; 2) To transfer knowledge to the wider bio-medical engineering community in UK and Europe; 3) To transfer knowledge of bio-medical engineering techniques at the University of Birmingham to Dr Xianfang Yue.

Keywords: brain,computational modelling,design,medial device,mechanical testing,skull
ACONITE: Assessment of Carrying capacity cONcept for specIes richness in planT assEmblages (ACONITE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199317.6
EU funding (EUR): 199317.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A crucial challenge of the next years will be to conserve biodiversity under climate changes. Anticipation is an essential facet to attack this challenge, where correlative models have a main role. To date, most species richness (SR) modeling methodologies have not accounted for real community assembly processes, or failed to capture the underlying mechanisms. We now need to generate more realistic SR models. The first step is to understand the mechanisms that drive the organization of species at community level, to reach this aim we will test the concept of carrying capacity and disentangle the importance of biogeographical large-scale processes and environmental filters local processes. After that, we could improve the outcome of SR models taking into account the previous point. In this project, I will develop, implement and test a framework for modeling species assemblages and obtaining spatially explicit projections by taking plants assemblages as model system. I will proceed step-by-step: 1) I will collect species and environmental data. 2) I will test the concept of carrying capacity and better account for community assembly rules in richness modeling with different tools (ecophylogenetics, remote sensing, and analysis of turnover of betadiversity). 3) I will perform stacked species distribution models. 4) I will define macroecological constraints on community properties through macroecological modeling. 5) Using data and results previously obtained, I will program rules to introduce real community assembly processes in the stacked species distributions models. 6) I will test the robustness and importance of methodological aspects running the models with different parameters. 7) I will apply the previous framework to develop a new generation of climate change projections. Project results will be relevant for both theoretical science and conservation biology.

Keywords: biogeography,biodiversity patterns,botany,climate ecology,conservation biology,macroecology,mediterranean,species richness modeling,species distribution modeling,plant and spatial ecology