Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Free Boundary Problems arising in science (FBPSINSC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Cyprus
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposal is to investigate several free boundary problems that arise naturally while studying a number of physical phenomena in elasticity, in phase change of materials, in the flow of two liquids in models of jets and cavities as well as in shape optimization. The project consists of four main topics: (1) Stefan-type free boundary problems describing solid-fluid phase transition. The objective is to prove existence and regularity results for those moving-boundary problems in which the moving interface has an active role in the overall process. (2) Thin obstacle type problems describing the behavior of semi-permeable membranes. Mathematically the questions to be investigated include regularity properties of free boundaries and of solutions of systems of equations that model phenomena in elasticity such as the vectorial Signorini problem. (3) Free boundary regularity problems for elliptic measures appearing in optimal design and optimal control problems. The proposed research includes the study of the singular set of the free boundary as well as questions of how the geometry of a domain can be recovered from the regularity of its elliptic measure by applying Geometric Measure Theory techniques. (4) Problems appearing in image processing and optimization problems involving domains with cracks and their origins are present in applications from fracture mechanics. These questions involve the study of the regularity for minimizers for Mumford-Shah type functionals, stability questions of Dirichlet eigenvalues and nonlinear Neumann problems in Reifenberg flat domains.

Keywords: partial differential equations,free boundary problems,geometric measure theory
Optimization of noninvasive assessment of the substrate for atrial fibrillation (ASAF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Due to population aging , the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases tremendously. Although not lethal, AF reduces exercise capacity and strongly increases the risk of stroke. Despite significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology of AF, its treatment is still far from satisfactory. AF is a progressive disease. With time, paroxysmal AF becomes persistent, and the success rate of therapies declines. The progression of AF is related to a slow but steady process of remodeling in the atria, characterized by hypertrophy, replacement of muscle cells by connective tissue, and changes in gap junctions. The complexity of the propagating activation wavefront in the atria is a good measure of the disease stage. Current methods try to infer this complexity from frequency analysis. A truly spatio-temporal quantification of wavefront complexity requires invasive electrophysiological investigation. For broad-scale clinical practice, a noninvasive assessment from surface electrocardiograms (ECG) is needed. Our group is running an ambitious clinical study in which high-resolution ECGs are compared with invasive electrical data in the same patient. We propose to augment this study with computer modeling to provide insights in the relationship between disease states and ECG parameters. State-of-the-art methods will be used to compute propagating activation in 3-D models of the atria in different stages of disease. Using a realistic torso model, surface ECGs will be computed from the propagating activation, and the relation between wavefront complexity in the atria and spatial complexity of the ECG will be investigated. The model will be validated with our clinical and experimental data. As a result of this work, we expect to optimize diagnostic methods and choice of treatment for AF, and thus to help reduce the increasing socio-economic burden of this arrhythmia.

Keywords: health sciences,cardiology,atrium,atrial fibrillation,diagnosis,electrocardiography,cardiac electrophysiology,computer models
Development of sustainable selective catalytic oxidation of alkanes (OXALKANES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Saturated hydrocarbons are chemically inert and therefore their functionalisation is challenging from a basic science viewpoint. The development of selective, energy efficient direct alkane oxidation chemistry could lead to environmentally and economically superior chemical processes and allow the vast reserves of natural gas and petrol to be used more efficiently and economically as feedstocks for fuels and chemical products. Like the active centres of some enzymes, transition metal complexes can potentially activate and functionalise the non-activated C-H bonds of hydrocarbons with high atom economy and low energy under mild reaction conditions. There is also an urgent need to increase the sustainability of homogeneous phase reactions and to develop practical, efficient and low energy immobilisation methods for homogeneous catalysts, as well as to develop and use new, cheaper and more environmentally acceptable solid supports. This project comprises the synthesis and characterisation of transition metal coordination compounds with very versatile and biomimetic polydentate ligands and their application as selective homogeneous catalysts in the oxidation reactions of alkanes under mild conditions and using several oxygen sources. The use of a microwave technology to carry out these reactions could also lead to increases in product yields and selectivities, as well as being more energy-efficient compared to conventional heating methods. To improve the sustainability of these homogeneous catalysts in the catalytic oxidation of alkanes several porous silica and carbonaceous materials will be used as catalysts supports. The use of microwave-activated loading onto these supports will be also tested as a more energy-efficient and a more selective technique than more conventional heating methods.

Keywords: homogeneous catalysis,heterogeneous catalysis,inorganic chemistry,molecular chemistry,macromolecular chemistry,environmental chemistry,industrial chemistry,spectrochemistry,chemical technology
Small-scale processes in complex terrain (ROTOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This is a proposal for a reintegration activity at the Department of Meteorology and Geophysics at the University of Vienna. Proposed is an atmospheric study of small-scale processes in complex terrain that cover a range of atmospheric conditions and terrain configurations. The small-scale orographic phenomena to be examined include the following: 1) Gap flow and flow channelling in the Hinlopenstretet between the Spitzbergen and Nordaustlandet islands in the Svalbard Archipelago, 2) Atmospheric rotors in the lee of the Sierra Nevada in California and the Snowy Range in Wyoming, 3) Mountain waves and rotors in the airflow past Villarrica volcano in the Andes. These phenomena and the dynamical processes governing their generation and evolution will be examined using high-resolution airborne observations, including in situ and remote sensing data, that has been collected during several recent observational field campaigns (e.g., THORPEX-IPY, T-REX). The observational data analysis will be done in conjunction with high-resolution real-data and idealized numerical simulations using a mesoscale atmospheric numerical model (WRF) for dynamical process studies. The objective of this research is to advance our understanding of small-scale severe phenomena in complex terrain. The results of this research are expected to lead to improved accuracy of numerical weather prediction in mountainous regions. The reintegration strategy rests on building a center of excellence in mesoscale dynamics and modeling research within the Theoretical Meteorology group at the Department of Meteorology and Geophysics at the University of Vienna.

Keywords: natural sciences
Advanced Program Analysis Using Declarative Languages (PADECL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Analyzing programs automatically is an activity in the heart of Computer Science research. Program analysis is fundamentally very hard, as most involved analyses are either undecidable (i.e., mathematically impossible) or intractable (i.e., requiring an astronomically long time to complete). As a result, analyses have high complexity due to their need to achieve efficiency. We propose to implement advanced program analysis algorithms using purely declarative specifications. Such declarative specifications are much easier and more succinct than typical implementations of program analyses, since they concentrate on what the analysis needs to compute and not on how it does so. In our past work we have shown that declarative specifications of points-to analyses not only are easy to define, but also admit aggressive optimization. As a result of our optimization methodology, our work has demonstrated very large (often more than 10x) performance improvements compared to traditional imperative or semi-declarative implementations of points-to analyses. In the proposed work, we plan to employ similar declarative specifications for higher-level analyses than mere points-to analysis and to languages with different features and characteristics. Specifically, we intend to declaratively specify program analyses that are necessary for security (e.g., information leakage analyses), for error detection (e.g., race or deadlock detection in multi-threaded programs), and for optimization (e.g., cast check removal). We also plan to explore languages such as JavaScript (which has strong functional features) in addition to more standard languages like Java. With this work the applicant will transfer his expertise in program analysis to the host institution. Additionally, the proposed work will reintegrate in Europe an applicant with substantial academic experience at multiple US institutions, directly enhancing European scientific excellence.

Keywords: computer science,programming
Art, Natural Science, Local History, and the New World in Counter-Reformation Antwerp: The Collection of the Portuguese Merchant-Banker Manuel Ximenes (1564-1632). (XIMENES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In early modern Europe, the collections of elite individuals were important sites to produce, exchange, and display knowledge. The reference point for my study is one of the most splendid collections of early 17th-c. Antwerp, that of the Portuguese merchant-banker Manuel Ximenes (1564-1632), praised by his contemporaries for his ‘universal knowledge of the sciences’. This is the first study of a collection of a converso merchant-banker whose family was intimately involved in Antwerp’s global trade. I argue that the various sites of display in Ximenes’ palace define a courtly cosmos of science, medicine, religion, and art as well as reflect a culture of patronage, friendship, and kinship, which lay at the very center of early modern science and global trade. This is a by definition transdisciplinary project, one that takes seriously the multiple spheres of knowledge within which artful objects and art works were viewed – spheres that themselves were shaped by the emergence of the visual. It will shed new light on the interrelationships between art, science, and religion in times of religious and political change, advance our knowledge of patronage activities of wealthy foreigners, and broaden our understanding of the early modern material culture of science and art.

Keywords: humanities,history of architecture,art history,early 17th century,artworks collection,early modern europe
Targeting the mutated PI3Kα isoform for the development of novel anti-cancer agents (COMPUT DRUG DESIGN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The application of rational drug design is proven to be more efficient than the traditional way of drug discovery since it aims to understand the molecular basis of a disease. The aim of this project is to deactivate the mutated cancerous PI3Kα protein with small molecule inhibitors. It was recently established that PIK3CA, the gene encoding the catalytic p110α subunit of PI3K, is frequently mutated in human malignancies. 80% of these mutations result in amino acid replacements located in either one of two hotspots: (a) in the helical domain the most common replacement is that of Glu by Lys in exon 9 (E545K), (b) in the kinase domain, a His is changed to Arg in exon 20 (H1047R). Both types of these mutations increase the kinase activity of the enzyme, upregulate the downstream AKT pathway and VEGF signaling, and thus stimulate tumorigensesis and angiogenesis. Several PI3Kα inhibitors have been reported in the literature; however, these non-selective antagonists target both the carcinogenic and wild-type PI3Kα proteins, causing undesirable side-effects. Selective inhibition of the mutated carcinogenic PI3Kα isoform is therefore a promising target in cancer research. In this joint computational and experimental study, we propose to selectively inhibit the mutated carcinogenic form of PI3Kα with small-molecule inhibitors through structure-based drug design, synthesis of potential leads, and in vitro/in vivo assaying. Following the assays, potent compounds will be iteratively optimized for both pharmacological and structural properties with computational methods and re-assayed for enhanced activity. Moreover, Molecular Dynamics simulations will be performed in order to gain insight into the dynamics of the mutated protein and the mechanism of oncogenesis. Overall, this study is expected to uncover new anti-cancer leads for further exploration through animal models, while improving our understanding of mechanistic relationships in the PI3Kα deregulated pathway.

Keywords: computational chemistry,computer-aided drug design,anti-cancer research,docking,molecular dynamics simulations,pi3k alpha
Biological flows and embryonic development (FLOWBUILT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Embryonic development is a highly controlled process where biochemical networks are constantly challenged by environmental cues. In a growing embryo, cells grow, divide, migrate, differentiate or arrange to form structures in a mechanically active environment where they can physically alter their environment and react to these changes. It is unclear how do biological systems sense their physical environment in a whole embryo and how positional information is linked with mechanical and geometrical constraints of a growing system. To date, the experimental data addressing these questions are few mainly due to the technical challenges of advanced and fast in vivo imaging required to analyze these physical changes. This project focus in addressing the genetics and epigenetics of biological flows during embryogenesis of zebrafish by using newly developed imaging methods and genetics. In particular, we will address the role of blood flow during cardiovascular development.

Keywords: natural sciences
Implementing and using patient-level information and costing systems (PLICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Objective of the research (What?) This research analyzes how a new cost accounting system - patient-level information and costing system (PLICS)- is embedded in NHS trusts. It aims to produce (a) a handbook for best practice of PLICS implementation and use for NHS trusts and to provide (b) critical analysis of system-wide factors interfering in this process. Background (Why?) The Department of Health (DH) is currently introducing a new cost accounting method in NHS trusts: PLICS. This new method has the objective not only improve the quality of cost data, but to improve significantly the quality of health care. Shifting the question from where costs are produced to wherefore they are produced, the focus is on the efficiency and quality of actual health care processes rather than on units or departments. However first experiences show that some trusts failed to complete the implementation process and others having implemented PLICS struggle to transform it in an effective management tool. If individual behaviors may be at the origin of some of these failures, other failures may be linked to system-wide factors: The traditional vertical management structure of the NHS may be resistant to attempts to introduce elements allowing a horizontal perspective. The NHS would benefit from conceptual guidance on and access to critical variables of the initial PLICS implementation, subsequent PLICS-use and their link with wider systemic factors. But currently there is little conceptual guidance systematizing these critical aspects. Methods (How?) In order to analyze PLICS implementation, use and system-wide factors we propose to combine literature review, quantitative analysis and case study method. Data collection is based on questionnaires, analysis of documents, semi-structured interviews and observation of meetings across NHS trusts having implemented PLICS.

Keywords: management accounting in hospitals,patient-level costing,system change
HIGH-RESOLUTION AND ROBUST TIME REVERSAL ACOUSTICS USING VECTOR SENSOR ARRAYS (VECTRA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Focusing waves at a point in space (both in time and space) with a high-precision through a complex medium is of great interest in a variety of science and engineering disciplines such as astronomy, medicine, wireless communications, electromagnetics, and geophysics, to name a few. In recent years, time reversal focusing has emerged as the most promising method for this purpose and offers several important advantages over conventional methods. However, time reversal has its own drawbacks which have limited its success, mainly due to the lack of desired spatial resolution of the focus. The project titled “High-Resolution and Robust Time Reversal Acoustics Using Vector Sensor Arrays” aims to improve time reversal processing by using acoustic vector sensors capable of not only measuring the scalar pressure, but also the vectorial particle velocity associated with an acoustic field. This research will investigate high-resolution algorithms and time reversal methods that utilize the additional information provided by the acoustic particle velocity. The results of the project are expected to have a direct impact on fields such as underwater acoustic communications and sensor networks.

Keywords: physical sciences,time reversal acoustics,particle velocity field,acoustic vector sensors
Application of massive parallel sequencing to microRNA profiling of cellular and molecular response to HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection and to modulation of integration (AIDS AND MIRNAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2013-11-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

miRNAs are key regulators of cell function and pathogen infection. The identification of miRNAs involved inHIV infection promises to offer unique insights into disease mechanisms and to help identify novel targets for therapy. However, the ability to perform an unbiased characterization of miRNA expression has only recently become possible through the use of massive parallel sequencing. This proposal aims to generate the first whole-genome map of miRNA expression during HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection in primary lymphocytes using these novel sequencing techniques. Furthermore, we will identify miRNAs associated with key steps of infection by combining sequencing with the use of drug inhibitors that block viral DNA integration. We expect to identify miRNAs required for the progression of viral infection, with potential for future use in anti-HIV therapy. Pathways associated with differential miRNA expression between HIV-1 and HIV-2 will provide insights into the mildness of HIV-2 infection, providing clues for new strategies against HIV-1.

Keywords: natural sciences,next generation sequencing,mrna,hiv-1,hiv-2