Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
A molecular laboratory on a chip (MOLCHIP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2171760.0
EU funding (EUR): 2171760.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The manipulation of atoms above a chip using magnetic fields produced by current carrying wires is a mature field of research. This field was inspired by the notion that miniaturization of magnetic field structures enables the creation of large field gradients, i.e., large forces and tight potentials for atoms. It also has been crucial that present-day microelectronics technology makes it possible to integrate multiple tools and devices onto a compact surface area. Such atom chips have been used to demonstrate rapid Bose-Einstein condensation and have found applications in matter-wave interferometry and in inertial and gravitational field sensing. Likewise, the engineering of miniaturized electric field structures holds great promise for the manipulation of polar molecules above a chip. The ability of a molecule to rotate and to vibrate allows for the coupling to photons over a wide range of frequencies. This might enable, for instance, to implement proposed schemes of quantum computation that use polar molecules as qubits. The use of miniaturized traps also brings quantum-degeneracy for samples of polar molecules closer. However, experimentally proven concepts to load and detect molecules on a chip are still in their infancy. In this project, we will develop and exploit experimental methods to load and detect polar molecules on a chip. Molecules are directly loaded from a supersonic beam into miniaturized electric field traps above the chip. For this, these traps originally move along with the molecular beam at a velocity of several hundred meters per second and are then brought to a complete standstill over a distance of only a few centimeters. After a certain holding time, e.g., after the experiments on the chip are over, the molecules are accelerated off the chip again for detection. This methodology is applicable to a wide variety of polar molecules, enabling the realization of a molecular laboratory on a chip.
Gas turbine combustion with Reduced EmissioNs Employing extreme STeam injection (GREENEST)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3137648.0
EU funding (EUR): 3137648.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Global energy consumption is continuously increasing, leading to an increased world wide demand for new power generation installations in the near future. In order to protect the earth s climate, energy conversion efficiency and the use of sustainable resources have to be improved significantly to reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas CO2. To maintain our high standard of living and to enhance it for developing countries, the improved technologies have to be cost-neutral. Gas turbines play today a major role in energy generation. In the future, gas turbines will become even more important, when old coal-fired steam cycle power plants are replaced by integrated gasification plants. However, current gas turbine technology experiences a flattening technology curve and further increase in total efficiency at low NOx emissions is only achieved in incremental small steps. Additionally, current technology is not prepared to operate on hydrogen-rich fuels from biological resources or coal gasification. A new approach was developed that promises a significant improvement in efficiency and emissions and provides the ability to burn hydrogen-rich fuels. For operation on carbon-containing fuels, it enables CO2 capture at low cost. The concept is based on a high pressure air-steam gas turbine cycle using extremely high amounts of steam. The goal of the proposed project is to investigate the fundamentals of ultra wet combustion to develop the technology for a prototype combustor which is capable of burning natural gas, hydrogen and fuels from coal or biowaste gasification at low NOx emissions. Research will include the combustion process, the aerodynamic design, acoustics and control, combining the main disciplines of the Chair of Experimental Fluid Dynamics.

Keywords: ultra wet combustion,clean coal technology,biofuel combustion,low nox emissions combustion of hydrogen and hydrogen-rich fuels,gas turbine combustion,low-cost co2 capture
Advanced optoelectronic Devices with Enhanced QUAntum efficiency at THz frEquencies (ADEQUATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1761000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1761000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is the realisation of efficient mid-infrared and THz optoelectronic emitters. This work is motivated by the fact that the spontaneous emission in this frequency range is characterized by an extremely long lifetime when compared to non-radiative processes, giving rise to devices with very low quantum efficiency. To this end we want to develop hybrid light-matter systems, already well known in quantum optics, within optoelectronics devices, that will be driven by electrical injection. With this project we want to extend the field of optoelectronics by introducing some of the concepts of quantum optic, particularly the light-matter strong coupling, into semiconductor devices. More precisely this project aims at the implementation of novel optoelectronic emitters operating in the strong coupling regime between an intersubband excitation of a two-dimensional electron gas and a microcavity photonic mode. The quasiparticles issued from this coupling are called intersubband polaritons. The major difficulties and challenges of this project, do not lay in the observation of these quantum effects, but in their exploitation for a specific function, in particular an efficient electrical to optical conversion. To obtain efficient quantum emitters in the THz frequency range we will follow two different approaches: - In the first case we will try to exploit the additional characteristic time of the system introduced by the light-matter interaction in the strong (or ultra-strong) coupling regime. - The second approach will exploit the fact that, under certain conditions, intersubband polaritons have a bosonic character; as a consequence they can undergo stimulated scattering, giving rise to polaritons lasers as it has been shown for excitonic polaritons.
AFRICA-GHG: The role of African tropical forests on the Greenhouse Gases balance of the atmosphere (AFRICA-GHG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: Italy,Italy
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2406950.0
EU funding (EUR): 2406950.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The role of the African continent in the global carbon cycle, and therefore in climate change, is increasingly recognised. Despite the increasingly acknowledged importance of Africa in the global carbon cycle and its high vulnerability to climate change there is still a lack of studies on the carbon cycle in representative African ecosystems (in particular tropical forests), and on the effects of climate on ecosystem-atmosphere exchange. In the present proposal we want to focus on these spoecifc objectives : 1. Understand the role of African tropical rainforest on the GHG balance of the atmosphere and revise their role on the global methane and N2O emissions. 2. Determine the carbon source/sink strength of African tropical rainforest in the pre-industrial versus the XXth century by temporal reconstruction of biomass growth with biogeochemical markers 3. Understand and quantify carbon and GHG fluxes variability across African tropical forests (west east equatorial belt) 4.Analyse the impact of forest degradation and deforestation on carbon and other GHG emissions
Magnetically driven Accretion and Ejection phenomena in aSTROphysics: a numerical study (MAESTRO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many astrophysical phenomena involve highly nonlinear processes which take place on vastly different length- and time-scales: therefore, the modeling of complex astrophysical scenarios necessarily require a time-dependent multiscale approach. The objective of this project is to develop and employ High Performance Computing techniques to solve problems of astrophysical relevance. In particular the main aim is to work out fully three-dimensional models of accretion and ejection phenomena taking place in different astrophysical settings by recurring to high-resolution time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic simulations. The numerical experiments will be carried out by exploiting the PLUTO code for computational astrophysics. More specifically, two main problems have been selected: (1) the acceleration and collimation of astrophysical jets from magnetized accretion disks; (2) the interaction between a stellar magnetosphere and a surrounding accretion disk. These studies are essential to understand the fundamental processes which power astrophysical sources as different as Active Galactic Nuclei and Young Stellar Objects. For both three-dimensional problems the large range of spatial and temporal scales involved will require the use of specific computational tools to maintain an adequate spatial resolution in localized regions, reaching dynamically relevant timescales without excessively increasing the computational costs. With this purpose, we plan to improve existent or develop new grid-based tools to be implemented in the PLUTO framework, such as Adaptive Mesh Refinement or Cubed Sphere gridding. The implementation of these features in the PLUTO code represents a further effort to provide to the scientific community an extremely flexible and advanced public code to solve the most diverse problems in Computational Fluid Dynamics, from engineering to astrophysics.

Keywords: physical sciences,astrophysics,magnetohydrodynamics,numerical methods,accretion disks,jets,young stellar objects,active galactic nuclei
Autonomy and social inclusion through mixed reality Brain-Computer Interfaces: Connecting the disabled to their physical and social world (BRAINABLE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: ICT for Independent Living, Inclusion and Governance
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Spain,Austria,Portugal,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2976945.0
EU funding (EUR): 2300000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

BrainAble will conceive, research, design, implement and validate an ICT-based human computer interface (HCI) composed of BNCI sensors combined with affective computing and virtual environments. This combination will dramatically improve the quality of life of people with disabilities by overcoming the two main shortcomings they suffer - exclusion from home and social activities - by providing inner functional independence for daily life activities and autonomy (HCI connected to accessible and interoperable home and urban automation) and outer social inclusion (HCI connected to advanced and adapted social networks services). In terms of HCI, BrainAble will improve both direct and indirect interaction with computers. Direct control will be upgraded by creating tools that allow people to control those inner and outer environments using a “hybrid Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system (BCIs, Electro Oculogram (EOG), Electromyography (EMG), and Heart Rate). Furthermore, BNCI information will be used for indirect interaction, such as by changing interface or overall system parameters based on measures of boredom, confusion, frustration, or information overload. These self-adaptive tools will increase effective bandwidth because users will be able to use a plurality of signals to effect control, and also because adaptation will reduce errors and help provide the user with the desired control. BrainAble’s HCI will be complemented by an intelligent Virtual Reality-based user interface with avatars and scenarios that will help disabled people to move around on their wheelchairs, interact with all sort of devices, create self-expression assets using music, pictures and text, communicate online and offline with other people, play games to counteract cognitive decline, and get trained in new functionalities and tasks.

Keywords: bci/bnci,mixed reality,affective and biometric signals,adaptive networked virtual environments,ambient intelligence and social network services,user centered design,medical impact
Man and Environments in Morocco during Quaternary (MEMOQUAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France,Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2011-03-15
End date: 2015-03-14
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 190800.0
EU funding (EUR): 190800.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Morocco is a valuable area to study hominids and their reaction to ever-changing conditions. The MEMOQUAT project addresses chronology, evolution and adaptation, and social behaviour of humans who faced many stresses linked to geography, climate and environment. These kind of studies, at a large scale (the last Million years), have never been conducted in partnership with European universities. For the first time, a scientific project will cross each step since the discovery of archaeological artefacts until the publication of the results, with in the middle step, the setting of a dating laboratory. The MEMOQUAT project is lead by the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle – MNHN (France) in association with an European partner: the Università degli studi di Ferrara – UNIFE (Italy), and a third country partner: the University Moulay Ismail, Meknes – UMI (Morocco). These three partners have internationally acknowledged competences and expertise in the fields of Geochronology, Palaeontology and Prehistory, and previous experience of scientific cooperation tradition in the field of Prehistory and Geology of the Quaternary Period. The scientific collaboration intends to structure different programs already initiated between partners and support a long-term way relations between the partners. The research training and the transfer of knowledge for the study and materials dating from the prehistoric archaeology and the development of heritage valorisation are at the heart of the MEMOQUAT project.

Keywords: environment,quaternary,man,evolution,geochronology,northern africa,morocco
Solvent effects on physico-chemical properties of bioactive compounds: combination of theory with experiments. (BIOSOL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,France,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 302400.0
EU funding (EUR): 302400.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Recent developments in combinatorial chemistry, high throughput screening, and robotics led to a large number of compounds with potential biological activity. The vast and ever increasing number of possible lead molecules requires prioritizing the most promising compounds. Physicochemical properties of the drugs in solutions determine their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetcs and, therefore, are of key importance in the further development process. We propose a multidisciplinary project that includes correlated experimental and theoretical efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms of structural changes of biomolecules and thermodynamics of biomolecular solvation. The Max Planck group has recently proposed new modeling approaches based on the combinations of several methods of computational chemistry as the improved integral equations theory, molecular mechanics and the density functional theory. This approach allows one to predict the physicochemical properties of biomolecules in solution with high accuracy but with low computational cost. We believe that the combination of the novel modeling methods with direct cutting-edge experiments made by other participants should provide new insights on the intriguing problems of biomolecule solvation such as: 1. How solvent properties (type of solvent, temperature, pH, ionic strength, cosolvents, etc) affect physico-chemical properties of bioactive molecular compounds? 2. What are the molecular mechanisms of different solubility pathways for bioactive compounds: in aqueous solutions and what is the role of polimorphism on the solubility pathways? 3. What are the effects of ions (concentration and type of ions present in the solution) and pH on the solvation properties of bioactive compounds? 4. What are the basic molecular principles of solubilisation of ionised and non-ionised compounds in supercritical fluids? 5. Can we still operate with such terms as solvation shell and solvated complex in supercritical solvents?

Keywords: bioactive compounds,computational chemistry,drugs,molecular simulations,solvation thermodynamics,polymorphism of drugs,multicomponent solvents,supercritical solvents,advanced numerical methods
European Japanese Ontology Interaction (EUJOINT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy,Netherlands,Poland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-15
End date: 2012-03-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 21600.0
EU funding (EUR): 21600.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Uniting together four most prominent research centers acting at the intersection between engineering design, knowledge engineering, and philosophy of technology, EUJOINT will offer to Japanese and European researchers a unique opportunity for scientific exchange and focused cooperation on highly strategic, interdisciplinary projects. The four centres will exchange and integrate their knowledge with the goal of creating general engineering ontologies for technical products, accounting for functionality notions in a systematic, detailed, and cognitively transparent way. This goal is sought by focusing on four distinct yet interdependent objectives: (1) adoption of a common methodology for ontological analysis aiming at unifying core elements of the ontologies independently developed by members; (2) comparison and formalization of the various notions of role, action and agent exploited by members to capture product functionality; (3) clarification and formalization of the notions of artefact, device and product as employed in philosophy and in engineering design; (4) systematic study of the notion of engineering function (functionality), especially as used in engineering design, including the proper characterization of malfunctioning, and exchange of experiences on these and related notions in industry cases. EuJoint is unique since its members are internationally well known in their specialization areas and all embrace an interdisciplinary attitude that promotes interactions and synergies with groups in other disciplines. This shared attitude and the record of previous collaborations/meetings indicate the sincere commitment of each center to the programme and to an effective interaction. The centers are complementary concerning the knowledge needed and the objectives are of crucial importance for future generation product management systems, integrating CAD/CAM and life-cycle management with the early phases of engineering design.

Keywords: knowledge engineering,ontology,engineering design,philosophy of science and technology,engineering function,artefact
Deposition of Energy and Photochemistry for the generation of Titan's Haze (DEPTH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 127800.0
EU funding (EUR): 84600.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Our goal is to understand aerosol growth in Titan’s atmosphere. This requires the description of the initial energy deposition and subsequent ionization processes in the upper atmosphere to the chemical formation and sedimentation of aerosols on the surface. This implies sharing knowledge from various fields of research, from physics to chemistry and planetary sciences. We propose to extend an ongoing collaboration between two European institutions, Imperial College, London, UK and Laboratoire de Planétologie de Grenoble, France, and an American partner, University of Arizona, Tucson. Six permanent researchers, four post-docs as well as graduate students are involved in the project. Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is a fascinating object. Solar radiation and energetic particles induce a complex chemistry in its atmosphere, leading to the formation of hydrocarbons and nitrogen-bearing species. The Cassini-Huygens space mission has recently revealed the presence in the upper atmosphere of positively and negatively charged ions with a mass-to-charge ratio up to a few thousand amu. This is an exceptional discovery, as these extremely complex particles are most likely the precursors of the aerosols detected at lower altitude. However, aerosol formation and composition are still poorly known. The Cassini-Huygens mission provides a wealth of observational constraints on ionization and chemical processes in the atmosphere. In order to interpret the data, it is necessary to develop laboratory experiments as well as complex models of the atmosphere of Titan whose predictions can be confronted to the observations. Specific objectives include: A) Investigate the photochemistry of the atmosphere including formation of odd N species and the links with ionospheric chemistry B) Determine the dynamics of the upper atmosphere and its role in the distribution of neutral and ion species C) Understand the formation and growth of complex molecules and aerosols

Keywords: titan,atmosphere,dynamics,energy deposition,photochemistry,aerosols,ion-molecule reactions,high-resolution mass spectrometry