Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Electronic Transport and Spin dynamics through SiGe self-assembled quantum dots (SPIDERMAN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria,Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In 1990 Eaglesham and Cerullo [Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1943 (1990)] reported for the first time that three dimensional SiGe islands can be grown crystalline on Si, creating thus high expectations that these nanostructures could provide a valid route towards innovative, scalable and CMOS-compatible nanodevices. Two decades later the researcher has investigated for the first time their electronic properties by fabricating three terminal devices after integrating them on silicon on insulator substrates. The first results obtained so far indicate that SiGe self-assembled quantum dots have a rather unique combination of properties, i.e. low hyperfine interaction and strong spin-orbit coupling. The aim of this project is to study the potential of SiGe self assembled quantum dots for novel nanoscale devices including operation at room temperature. The objective of the present proposal is above all to: a) study spin-dependent transport in self assembled QD aiming to identify signature of spin precession induced by the spin orbit coupling b) study the characteristic time scales for spin dynamics in the SiGe QD system and move towards fully electrical coherent spin manipulation and c) realize a high performance p-type nanoscale transistor operating at room temperature. The experimental research proposed here may provide a new handle on the physics and control of electronic spins in silicon-based nanostructures with possible relevant implications for spintronics and spin-based quantum computation.

Keywords: physical sciences,solid state physics,electron based nanodevices,spin physics,silicon,germanium
Developing the Substance Use Normalization Theory (SUNT): Explaining Adolescent Substance Use in Contemporary Society (SUNT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Substance use among youth continues to be a public health concern. Effective prevention options require up-to-date and relevant theoretical frameworks and empirical studies that can help explain the etiology and correlates of substance use. The current proposal aims to develop the “Substance Use Normalization Theory” which is a promising and novel theoretical framework to explain adolescent substance use in contemporary society. At its basis, the normalization theory integrates elements from the Normalization thesis and Social Control Theory. Combined, these two frameworks create a unique synergy that predicts that in countries or historical time periods of high substance use rates, substance use is located outside the frame of deviance in the sense that it is not regarded as a violation of cultural codes or norms of adolescents. Thus, the Substance Use Normalization Theory predicts that during periods of high national prevalence rates, substance users are recruited from relatively conventional and non-deviant sections of the youth populations compared to when substance use prevalence rates are low. The proposed study will rigorously test the Substance Use Normalization Theory by using different data sets and novel methodologies. The theoretical framework and the empirical analyses aim to help researchers reach a better understanding of contemporary patterns of adolescent substance use, which in turn, promises to generate important information for policy makers across EU countries and member states.

Keywords: social sciences,adolescents,alcohol use,cigarette use,cannabis use,normalization theory,social control theory,risk factors,cross-national comparison,historical changes
Non-commutative deformations of quantum field theory (NCD OF QFT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2015-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Non-commutative quantum field theories and their associated deformed symmetries provide intriguing examples of models beyond the realm of standard local quantum field theory. Of particular interest are those theories in which space-time coordinates form a Lie algebra since the same structure is encountered in the quantization of gravitating particles in three dimensions. Associated to this type of non-commutativity are group-valued plane waves and a curved momentum space. Relativistic symmetries are deformed in the sense that the action of generators of Lorentz transformations on momentum space is non-linear and non-symmetric on products of plane waves. The candidate's research to date has mainly revolved around the only known four dimensional example of non-commutative field theory with a momentum group manifold, fields on kappa-Minkowski space, and to explore the consequences that the associated deformed symmetries, the kappa-Poincare' algebra, might have phenomenologically and for black hole quantum radiance. The future research, besides continuing along the agenda dictated by the applicant's current achievements, will explore the neighboring fields of lower dimensional (quantum) gravity, semi-classical gravity and other field theoretic models beyond local QFT. Building on the recent results on deformed two-point functions, the research will explore the consequences of the new structures for inflationary cosmology and black hole radiance. Part of the project will focus on the possible applications of the tools gathered over the years of study of field theories with curved momentum space to field theoretic models with similar features like group field theories and theories over fractal space times. Finally, on the longer term, the research will focus on the study of the role of deformation for asymptotic symmetries of three dimensional gravity and to explore the consequences of non-commutative structures in gauge formulations of gravity.

Keywords: quantum field theory,relativity,gravitation,statistical physics,mathematical physics,cosmology
Excitatory and inhibitory cell assemblies in the cerebral cortex (CORTICAL ASSEMBLY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2493481.0
EU funding (EUR): 2493481.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The neural assembly underlying the formation of functional networks in the cerebral cortex is conceivably the most complex biological system that exists. Much of this complexity arises during development through the interaction of dozens of different neuronal populations, which belong to two general classes: excitatory glutamatergic pyramidal cells and inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric containing (GABAergic) interneurons. Perhaps the most fascinating aspect of the assembly of cortical circuits is that pyramidal cells and interneurons are generated in distant germinal zones. Pyramidal cells are born locally from progenitors located in the cortical anlage, while interneurons derive from progenitors in the embryonic subpallium. Much progress has been made recently in understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate the migration of interneurons towards the cortex, but how interneurons find their appropriate partners to build cortical networks with balanced excitation and inhibition remains an enigma. The general goal of this project is to identify the mechanisms controlling the precise allocation of different classes of interneurons into specific layers of the cortex, where they assemble into neural circuits. We also aim to determine how the allocation of interneurons into specific cortical layers influences their function. This project is now possible due to the unique combination of our detailed know-how on the early development of cortical interneurons, including a variety of genetically modified mice available to us, and the application of new technologies to specifically target synchronically generated populations of interneurons. Our multidisciplinary approach, combining mouse genetics, in vivo functional genomics and electrophysiological methodologies represents a technological breakthrough that should accelerate our understanding of the general principles guiding the assembly of neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex.

Keywords: cerebral cortex,interneuron,pyramidal cell,gaba,development,migration,cell-cell interactions,mouse genetics,in vivo rnai screen
Estimation of General Equilibrium Labor Market Search Models (ESEMO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Italy,Spain
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110406, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1659169.0
EU funding (EUR): 1659169.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

My proposal deals with the estimation of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models with important heterogeneity at the level of firms and households and frictions in the labor market. In the estimation I will exploit mixed frequency data (monthly, quarterly and annual) available in different countries. I will also efficiently take care of possible missing values in the data. This might require developing new estimation techniques. The contribution of the project will be in dealing with important empirically relevant questions. I will address issues that lie at the boundaries between labour economics, business cycle analysis, monetary economics, finance, and growth. In particular I will answer the following questions: 1. How are business cycle costs distributed across different individuals? How costly is involuntary unemployment? 2. Which view best characterizes the process of technology adoption at business cycle frequencies? In particular does Schumpeterian creative destruction play a role in characterizing the adoption of new technologies over the business cycle? 3. What are the welfare costs of the search inefficiencies present in the process of worker reallocation over the business cycle? 4. What are the sources of business cycle fluctuations? And in particular are technology shocks an important driving force? 5. What are the contribution of the job separation rate and the importance of the intensive margin relative to the extensive margin in characterizing aggregate labor market fluctuations? 6. What are the main differences in the cyclical properties of the labor market across the OECD? And which institutions explain these differences? 7. What are the effects of financial sector shocks? And why has the Beveridge curve shifted during the last world wide recession? 8. How policy should respond to the large variation in unemployment risk that individual workers face over their life cycle?

Keywords: technological progress,growth,labor economics,business cycle analysis,estimation,dsge,oecd,firm dynamics
METABOLIC CONTROL OF IMMATURE STROMAL CELL BIOLOGY (METABOSTEM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A very recent literature claims that metabolic status represents a crucial regulatory mechanism that helps direct stem cells fate. Whereas mainly described on the well characterized hematopoietic stem cells population, such metabolic investigations have been poorly conducted on another key population of adult immature cells that populate the stromal compartment of all tissues, i.e. the mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC). Among them, adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASC) have been defined both as multipotent precursors and as supporting cells through their high secretory and immunomodulatory properties. These ASC hallmarks explain their potent regenerative capacities and have prompted clinical studies on their therapeutic potential. However, the mechanisms that govern their plasticity and fate as well as their interactions with other cell populations still remain to be unravelled. Along with ASC, adipose tissue harbours other immature populations whose biology is poorly described. The main objective of this METABOSTEM project is to investigate the role of metabolism in the intrinsic biology and fate of immature stromal populations residing within adipose tissue. Based on neuron-astrocyte and cancer cells models, we hypothesize that supporting cells such as ASC control the surrounding immature populations through a metabolic coupling, representing a new and primitive mechanism by which stromal compartment could control stem cells biology within the niche. This interdisciplinary project will integrate different scientific fields and techniques together such as in situ analysis, metabolic characterisation and stem cell biology, using murine adipose tissue as a working model. The METABOSTEM proposal will hopefully help at a better understanding of the biology of immature stromal cells from adipose tissue, both in physiological and regenerative conditions, and will have larger consequences on the way to manipulate and expand them.

Keywords: cell biology,histology,cell signalling,mitochondria,metabolism,mesenchymal stem/stromal cells,adipose-derived stem/stromal cells,adipose tissue
Arterial Calcification & Arterial Regeneration ‘ACAR’ (ACAR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Arterial calcification is a morbid complication of inflammatory disease causing calcium deposition along arterial walls. Sheer stresses on cellular components affect regenerative capabilities of specific cells, culminating in vessel constriction, compromised wall elasticity and reduced blood flow. The net effect of restricted blood flow is debilitating and can cause cardiovascular disease, end stage renal disease or peripheral arterial disease. Animal models have uncovered biomarkers involved in calcification however little is known in humans. Therefore we will investigate two calcification mechanisms believed to play a role; warfarin, an anticoagulant and inducer of calcification in certain cells and oxidative stress which impacts on cellular mechanisms increasing calcification status. Firstly, we will demonstrate that stress induced calcification biomarkers are deregulated in vascular smooth muscle cells. We will identify novel biomarkers involved in this process. We will also investigate calcification reversal using vitamin K and selenium supplementation in these cells by monitoring calcification biomarker expression. Secondly, we will investigate the regenerative capabilities of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral arterial disease, a serious inflammatory disease. From patients and controls, we will isolate endothelial progenitor cells and compare biomarker expression using cell culture assays which will be developed in the laboratory. This research project fulfils several objectives. Firstly, it facilitates reintegration of the researcher allowing him to establish cell culturing facilities in the host laboratory. Secondly, it allows for the investigation and identification of calcification biomarkers in human cells and cellular mechanisms to combat this and finally to investigate the regenerative capabilities of endothelial progenitor cells in subjects. This research could establish mechanistic paradigms implicated in other inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: health and life sciences,biomarker research.
Conserving pelagic habitats in changing environments: marine top predators as bioindicators (CONPELHAB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Currently, several studies have demonstrated the ecological impacts of global change from temperate to tropical environments, within a range of ecosystems and from the species to the community levels. Decades of research on marine ecosystems has shown that climatic variables are primary drivers of distributions and dynamics of pelagic organisms (e.g. plankton and fish), but the overall response of pelagic communities, which is likely to depend on the form and strength of the linkages between successive trophic levels, is not known. Within this framework, we present the current research project which aims to track the effects of global change in the pelagic community from temperate to polar environments. We will focus on the pelagic realm by studying distribution patterns and abundances of pelagic predators. Moreover, we will consider interactions at different spatial and temporal scales of prey-predator complex (mesoscale and regional, and seasonal and interannual), as well as with abiotic (meteo-climatic and hydrographic) and biotic components (phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass). By combining information on the spatiotemporal patterns of different pelagic components we will be able (1) to investigate the influence of oceanography and prey availability on the distribution of individual species of top predators and to develop habitat suitability models to define their pelagic habitats, (2) to predict how the distribution of individuals species of top predator will change in the next century considering multi-model IPCC scenarios and (3) to identify current hotspots in the pelagic realm by using multi-species distribution models and assess how these hotspots will change in the future in order to guide marine conservation initiatives such as Marine Protected Areas within the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.

Keywords: climate change impact (climate change),ecosystem impact (climate change),landscape ecology (climate change),marine ecosystems (climate change),applied ecology,animal ecology,ecos,marine ecosystems (e
ECONOMICS OF OPEN SOURCE (ECONOPENSOURCE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In open source software development, unlike the private investment model, open source innovators freely share the source code to use and modify it. Although the source code of open-source software is freely available, open-source softwares are subject to very precise licensing agreements. Among the most common licenses are the General Public License (GPL) and the European Union Public License (EUPL). In this project, we will study the economics of innovation through open source development. We will provide a concrete theoretical framework to analyze the dynamics of open source innovation directly incorporating the properties of the licensing agreements it is subject to. We will answer the following set of questions: (1) When there is an open source available, how do the innovators act? Do they tend to use the open source under the given license, or choose to stay out of the open source community? Are there any social welfare gains of having an open source relative to private investment model? (2) How does the competition between an open source production, say Linux operating system and a private investment production, say Microsoft, work? What are the effects of such a competition on the open source production and on the social welfare? Can open source production overthrow the proprietary production? Should the open source production be subsidized?There are three important reasons to carry out the proposed project. First, the open source production is clearly a rapidly growing phenomenon. Second, because of its public good nature, open source production has a close connection to the theory of private provision of public good, hence to the famous free-riding problem in economics. Finally, the European Union highly values open source software and its applications. The European Commission published a number of strategies regarding the open source softwares during the period 2000-2010, and formally approved the EUPL by 2009, which is considered a major achievement.

Keywords: microeconomics,economic theory,industrial economics,innovation management