Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Tunable optoelectronic devices by strain engineering of 2D semiconductors (2D-TOPSENSE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2024-02-29
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1930437.0
EU funding (EUR): 1930437.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The goal of 2D-TOPSENSE is to exploit the remarkable stretchability of two-dimensional semiconductors to fabricate optoelectronic devices where strain is used as an external knob to tune their properties. While bulk semiconductors tend to break under strains larger than 1.5%, 2D semiconductors (such as MoS2) can withstand deformations of up to 10-20% before rupture. This large breaking strength promises a great potential of 2D semiconductors as ‘straintronic’ materials, whose properties can be adjusted by applying a deformation to their lattice. In fact, recent theoretical works predicted an interesting physical phenomenon: a tensile strain-induced semiconductor-to-metal transition in 2D semiconductors. By tensioning single-layer MoS2 from 0% up to 10%, its electronic band structure is expected to undergo a continuous transition from a wide direct band-gap of 1.8 eV to a metallic behavior. This unprecedented large strain-tunability will undoubtedly have a strong impact in a wide range of optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors whose cut-off wavelength is tuned by varying the applied strain or atomically thin light modulators. To date, experimental works on strain engineering have been mostly focused on fundamental studies, demonstrating part of the potential of 2D semiconductors in straintronics, but they have failed to exploit strain engineering to add extra functionalities to optoelectronic devices. In 2D-TOPSENSE I will go beyond the state of the art in straintronics by designing and fabricating optoelectronic devices whose properties and performance can be tuned by means of applying strain. 2D-TOPSENSE will focus on photodetectors with a tunable bandwidth and detectivity, light emitting devices whose emission wavelength can be adjusted, light modulators based on 2D semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenides or black phosphorus and solar funnels capable of directing the photogenerated charge carriers towards a specific position.

Keywords: 2d materials,optoelectronics,strain engineering,mos2,black phosphorus,straintronics,photodetector,phototransistor,transition metal dichalcogenide,trichalcogenides,mechanical exfoliation
Virtual Seismology: monitoring the Earth's subsurface with underground virtual earthquakes and virtual seismometers (VirtualSeis)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2023-02-28
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499474.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499474.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

If it were possible to place seismometers and seismic vibrators anywhere below the ground in, for example, an induced-earthquake-sensitive area, we could measure the source mechanism of actual earthquakes, monitor the geomechanical state of the area over time, and quantify the ground motion caused by possible future earthquakes. Moreover, we could monitor fluid flow in aquifers, geothermal reservoirs or CO2 storage reservoirs, with unprecedented resolution. Unfortunately, placing seismic instruments anywhere below the ground is not practically feasible. I propose to develop groundbreaking methodology for creating virtual seismic sources (earthquakes or seismic vibrators) and virtual seismometers anywhere in the subsurface, from seismic reflection measurements carried out at the surface of the earth. I call this Virtual Seismology (VS). VS accurately mimics the responses to actual earthquakes that would be recorded by actual buried seismometers, including all multiple scattering effects. In particular I will develop VS for: (1) Investigating induced-earthquake problems. (a) I will develop high-density multi-component seismic acquisition methodology, using the latest technology of controllable seismic vibrators and seismic sensing with fibre-optic cables, and apply it in an actual induced-earthquake sensitive area. (b) I will use these data to create virtual sources and receivers in the subsurface to characterize induced earthquakes, quantify the ground motion of actual and possible future earthquakes, and monitor the geomechanical state of the area over time. (2) Imaging and monitoring subsurface fluid flow. I will develop highly repeatable VS methodology for time-lapse 3D reflection data to monitor fluid-flow processes in the subsurface with excellent spatial and temporal resolution. With my track record in pioneering seismic interferometry, I am in an excellent position to develop VS, which will have major impact on the field of seismic imaging and monitoring.

Keywords: seismic imaging and monitoring,seismic interferometry
Intelligent Collections of Food Legumes Genetic Resources for European Agrofood Systems (INCREASE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Argentina,Italy,Italy,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Spain,India,Italy,Germany,Germany,Italy,Poland,Poland,Romania,Romania,Slovenia,Russian Federation,France,United States,Portugal,Canada,Lebanon
Call: Genetic resources and pre-breeding communities (H2020-SFS-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2020-05-01
End date: 2026-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8826824.5
EU funding (EUR): 6999999.5
Participants: 31
Project status: SIGNED

INCREASE will enhance the management and use of Genetic Resources on food legumes, which are crucial for sustainability, food security and human health, as recognized by the new European Protein plan for the innovation of this sector in Europe. To meet this challenge INCREASE will expand the utilisation of food legumes Genetic Resources targeting users’ needs in terms of accessibility, quality and quantity of information available. INCREASE, working with four important food legumes (chickpea, common bean, lentil, lupin) with significant value for the innovation of EU agriculture and food industry, will be based on four pillars: i) innovative data management solutions to develop gold standards for data sharing and integration into the central infrastructure, with decentralised data input, defined methodologies and best practices for exploitation of the novel information produced as well as the development of user friendly visualization tools; ii) developing novel tools and principles for germplasm management, based on the development of “Intelligent Collections” as a set of nested core collections of different sizes representing the entire diversity of each crop; iii) adoption of cutting-edge technologies for genotyping and phenotyping combined with the potential of Artificial Intelligence focusing on traits of interest for users; iv) international effort with the involvement of non-European partners and international organization to expand the scope and ambition of INCREASE, by facilitating the integration of available data and available Genetic Resources for European users. We will develop a citizen-science experiment, primarily aimed at dissemination of the project to stakeholders and citizens. Overall, INCREASE will strengthen Europe in the field of legumes Genetic Resources and simultaneously it will represent an important model and tool for all crop Genetic Resources.

Keywords: food legumes genres,biodiversity conservation,genomics,phenomics,molecular phenotyping,blockchain,citizen science
Digital solutions supporting continuum of care for frailty prevention in old adults (eCARE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Active ageing and self-management of health
Action type: Pre-Commercial Procurement
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Spain,Spain,Italy,Spain,Poland,Portugal
Call: Digital health and care services (H2020-SC1-DTH-2018-2, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-02
End date: 2024-07-01
Duration (months): 58.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5600000.0
EU funding (EUR): 5040000.0
Participants: 9
Project status: SIGNED

Longevity is one of the biggest achievements of modern societies. By 2020, a quarter of Europeans will be over 60 years of age. Combined with low birth rates, this will bring about significant changes to the structure of European society, which will impact on our economy, social security and health care systems. The most problematic expression of population ageing is the clinical condition of frailty. Frailty develops because of age-related decline in multiple physiological systems. It is estimated that a quarter to a half of people over 85 years are frail , and this is set to reach epidemic proportions over the next few decades. While frailty increases, the average amount of health spending increases as well with the frailty level in a range from 1,500 to 5,000 €/person year, depending upon the frailty status and the setting of care. Frailty usually comes along associated with another risk facto; loneliness. Then, ageing, frailty and loneliness constitute overlapping conditions submitted to multiple health and care interventions. eCARE project aims to deliver disruptive digital solutions for the prevention and comprehensive management of frailty to encourage independent living, wellbeing and to relieve health and care services budget pressure, throughout the implementation of a Pre-Commercial Procurement scheme. Solutions should improve outcomes for frailty in old adults entailing the physical and the psychosocial factors. The target group are the pre-frail/frail old adults with emphasis on those that feel lonely and/or isolated. The project will procure the development, testing and implementation of digital tools/services and communication concepts to facilitate the transition to integrated care models across health and social services and country-specific cross-institutional set-ups, including decentralised procurement environments and collaboration across institutions.

Keywords: frailty prevention,loneliness,elderly adults,wellbeing,continuum of care,digital solutions,management of frailty,patient centric intervention strategies,independent living
Valuing Innovation Options and Policy Flexibility Under Uncertainty (INNOVATIONOPTIONS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: United States,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-08-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269857.8
EU funding (EUR): 269857.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal consists of a two-year outgoing phase (1.5 years at MIT and 6-month secondment at LUISS U. in Italy) and one-year re-integration phase at King’s College London. Following advanced innovation training, it aims to develop new ideas and frameworks based on real options theory to appraise innovation options and policy flexibility. Besides training/development and dissemination, the proposal will examine two research themes: (1) (First-year at MIT) Analyse flexibility in innovation and public policy under uncertainty. Examine flexible and modular design for robust corporate innovation and public policies to enable dealing proactively with policy risk. Analyse the strategic choice of when to pursue aggressive or exclusionary innovation strategies or cooperate in innovation, depending on market demand, volatility and comparative advantages; (2) (Second-year at MIT and LUISS) (a) Theoretical analysis of how to design optimal and fair licensing terms given who controls development and other options and (b) empirical investigation (secondment at LUISS) of multi-stage R&D and IP licensing deals (viewed as compound real options), applied to a proprietary biotech/pharma licensing deals database. This is of interest to European policymakers and in line with King’s and MIT’s innovation- and policy-oriented strategy connecting research to business and society. During re-integration (Third-year at King’s), an international conference, a public workshop and other outreach and dissemination activities will transfer the knowledge, experiences and insights to the European context.

Keywords: innovation,real options,intangibles,licensing,strategic use of patents,strategy,technology,management,competition,cooperation,policy
The Heliosphere and the Dust: Characterization of the Solar and Interstellar Neighbourhood (ASTRODUST)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1484038.0
EU funding (EUR): 1484038.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The Sun and the surrounding heliosphere move through a low-density region in the Galaxy, which is filled with partially ionized gas and interstellar dust. While the Voyager 1 and 2 missions are currently exploring the heliosphere boundary regions that are shaped by both the Sun and by the Local Interstellar Medium (LISM), fundamental questions about our galactic neighbourhood remain unanswered: how is the structure and dynamics of the heliosphere, how does the heliosphere-LISM interaction work, and what is the nature of the LISM, including magnetic fields and contemporary interstellar dust composition, diversity, density and size distribution? In situ measurements of interstellar dust moving through the solar system provide unique ground truth information, but they have also been puzzling the community: they are not yet understood in the frame of dust dynamics simulations - related to the heliosphere properties. Also Voyager measurements at the heliosphere boundary kept surprising and challenging our views on the outer heliosphere to the very fundamental level. ASTRODUST will combine unique in situ interstellar dust observations in the solar system, with interstellar dust trajectory simulations that are coupled to a dynamic heliosphere, including its boundary regions and the ISM. ASTRODUST will build a synergy between two fields (heliosphere, dust) in order to answer fundamental questions about the dust and the heliosphere-LISM interaction. With ASTRODUST, we use a new way to explore and understand our local galactic neighbourhood. It also serves as an essential step towards understanding galaxy evolution (via the dust), how stars interact with their surroundings (astrospheres), and the history and future of the solar system on its continuous journey through the galaxy.

Keywords: heliosphere,interstellar dust
Multi-scale BiOmechanical characterization of peri-iMplant Bone tissue: influence of the environment (BOMB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173076.0
EU funding (EUR): 173076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Orthopaedic and dental implants are commonly used clinically. Their success rely on adequate primary and secondary stabilities, the latter being achieved through osseointegration, where bone grows around and onto the surface of the implant. However, prosthesis anchorage failures are still experienced and remain difficult to anticipate. The biomechanical properties of the bone-implant interface are the essentials for determining the implant stability but are still poorly understood. The objective of BOMB is to better understand the multiscale evolution of the biomechanical properties of the bone-implant interface with the overall aim to improve the long-term stability of implants. The project will use and further develop a standardized implant model of the host team to limit the influence of the implant geometry on osseointegration. Animal experimentation on rabbit and sheep will enable to work in a controlled as well as enhanced environments, using bone marrow stem cells, which are thought to be a promising new therapeutic tool to boost implant integration and hence improve implant stability. BOMB will combine the latest and advanced multimodal techniques spanning the nano and micro-scale to explore the structural and mechanical properties of the interface on a same sample. For instance, neutron high-resolution micro-tomography, a technique adapted to the presence of metallic components, has barely been applied on bone and will enable investigation of the microstructural properties of the interface. A successful completion of BOMB would represent a major step forward our limited understanding of the bone-implant biomechanical behaviour. This will lead to the development of new models, regenerative strategies as well as new implants to improve dental and orthopaedics solutions, and contribute to an increase of the life span of prostheses to ensure patients comfort and restoration of their daily life activity.

Keywords: biomechanics,engineering,imaging,bone,implant,osseointegration,multiscale,tomography,neutron,diffraction,histology,nanoindentation
Distributed dynamic REpresentations for diAlogue Management (DREAM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Our ability to communicate using language in conversation is considered the hallmark of human intelligence. Yet, while holding a dialogue is effortless for most of us, modelling this basic human skill by computational means has proven extremely difficult. In DREAM, I address this challenge by establishing a new computational model of a dialogue agent that can learn to take part in conversation directly from data about language use. DREAM stands at the crossroads of the symbolic and the sub-symbolic traditions regarding the nature of human cognitive processing and, by extension, its computational modelling. My model is grounded in linguistic theories of dialogue, rooted in the symbolic tradition, but exploits recent advances in computational learning that allow the agent to learn the representations that it manipulates, which are distributed and sub-symbolic, directly from experience. This is an original approach that constitutes a paradigm shift in dialogue modelling --- from predefined symbolic representations to automatic representation learning --- that will break new scientific ground in Computational Linguistics, Linguistics, and Artificial Intelligence. The DREAM agent will be implemented as an artificial neural network system and trained with task-oriented conversations where the participants have a well-defined end goal. The agent will be able to integrate linguistic and perceptual information and will be endowed with the capability to dynamically track both speaker commitments and partner-specific conventions, leading to more human-like and effective communication. Besides providing a breakthrough in our capacity to build sophisticated conversational agents, DREAM will have substantial impact on our scientific understanding of human language use, thanks to its emphasis on theory-driven hypotheses and model analysis.

Keywords: dialogue modelling,computational semantics and pragmatics
Bioinspired superhydrophbic wax surfaces to eliminate biofilm formation in the food industry (Antiseptic-Wax)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2020-01-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Microbial food spoilage leads to food-borne illnesses and food wastage. It is estimated that food borne disease cause 23 million illnesses and 5,000 deaths only in the European region and around 88 million tonnes of food are wasted annually. Contamination of food by biofilms can occur at any stage of the food production process or consumption. In this PoC we propose to address this problem taking inspiration from nature. We have shown that we can emulate various plant leaf surfaces by synthetic paraffin waxes which exhibit superhydrophobic and pronounced passive anti-microbial properties. These waxes are FDA approved for the use in food products. We plan to develop easy to apply waxed surfaces via spray and dip coating techniques, which can be easily implemented into the food industry at various stages of production. We believe this will allow to significantly reduce food spoilage and waste.

Keywords: antimicrobial surfaces,bio inspired,biofilm prevention,food shelf life