Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured dielectric platforms for electric and magnetic field-enhanced spectroscopies and nonlinear photonics with low-loss characteristics (NANO-DIELECTRICS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2019-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

It is widely known that metals, such as gold and silver, when suitably structured at the nanometre scale, are able to focus light into very small (sub-wavelength) volumes, greatly enhancing its local intensity. For this unique capability such metallic nanostructures are often referred to as “nanoantennas”. In the last decade, metallic nanoantennas have opened up a wide range of applications in numerous fields, spanning (bio)imaging and sensing to the development of optoelectronic hybrid devices. However, since the mechanism of light confinement relies on the collective oscillation of free electrons, generation of heat via Joule dissipation is inherent to the process and detrimental effects arise for several uses, such as surface-enhanced spectroscopies and nonlinear optics. The central objective of this project is to circumvent this issue through the use of dielectric nanoantennas made of silicon or germanium, which have been proposed recently as low-loss alternatives with relatively high field enhancement capability. Specifically, this research will determine, for the first time, the ability of the dielectric nanoantenna to selectively enhance a molecule’s electric and magnetic dipole emmisions, without perturbing the sample by undesired heating. Furthermore, this project will investigate the coupling of dielectric resonators to suitable nanomaterials for high-efficiency infrared-to-visible light conversion, and will design hybrid arrangements of dielectric and metallic nanostructures to combine the best of both worlds. Finally, dielectric metamaterials will be studied for both enhanced spectroscopies and nonlinear photonics to further improve these characteristics. The results of this work will have significant impact in a number of fields and will represent, for the case of silicon, the perfect scenario for the integration of optical nanoantennas and metamaterials with the extensively used silicon-based optoelectronics technology.

Keywords: dielectric nanoantennas,dielectric metamaterials,low loss,field enhancement,surface enhanced spectroscopies,second harmonic generation,third harmonic generation
Exploring the Impact of Pesticide on the 3D Metabolome and the Microbiota from the Whole Plant to the Cell Scale (3D-Plant2Cells)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: France,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 246668.4
EU funding (EUR): 246668.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The project 3D-Plant2Cells proposes to explore the impact of the agricultural mode on crops grown for human consumption. We are going to develop innovative interdisciplinary approaches to study the metabolome and the microbiota of plants in three-dimension (3D) at three different scales: the whole plant, the fruit, and the cellular scales. The objective of this study is to get a new insight on the metabolome and microbiota response to pesticide treatment. The hypothesis is that the chemistry and microbiome could change upon the use of conventional cultivation managements. To explore this hypothesis, two groups of plants will be cultivated in growth chamber and one will received pesticide treatments. Then, we will use an innovative interdisplinary approach to explore the entire pool of metabolite (metabolome) and the plant-associated commensal microbes (plant microbiota) on the whole plant surface (plant scale). Samples will be collected on the whole plant and their metabolite content will be profiled by high-resolution tandem-mass spectrometry (HR-MS/MS) and plant-associated micro-organism communities by amplicon sequence analysis. Results of these both inputs will be uploaded into a bioinformatic model representing a 3D topological map of the metabolome/microbiome over the entire organism surface. In a second part of the research project, we will study fruits of the cultivated specimens by 3D mass spectrometry imaging. The goals are to visualize, in a spatially-resolved way, the metabolome/microbiota response to pesticide treatments along with the pesticide distribution in 3D. The metabolome will be investigated at two scales: the fruit and the cell. The fruit scale will be explored by analyzing serial sections using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) or nanodesorption electrospray ionization (nanoDESI) .... The entire project will be an important contribution to assess the impact of pesticide on plant metabolome/microbiome and on food safety.

Keywords: 3d mass spectrometry imaging,tandem mass spectrometry,molecular networking,microbiomics
Babbler feasibility study in adjacent market segments. (Babbler)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure societies - protecting freedom and security of Europe and its citizens
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Engaging SMEs in security research and development (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-05-08
End date: 2017-10-07
Duration (months): 5.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Babbler is a next-generation seal for supply-chains. Supply-chain security is flawed and unchanged in 30 years. If you transport or store goods, it is difficult to know that your goods were treated correctly. For decades the supply chain industry has depended on bolt/cable seals, documentation and locks, knowing that these provide extremely limited safeguards and evidence trails. As a result theft, people trafficking and narcotics smuggling are rampant. An estimated 8% of medicine sold worldwide is counterfeit (Source: WHO 2015). Improper storage is detected too late to prevent waste. In addition, inspection delays are a major cost in the total supply chain. Babbler uses IoT and an inverted evidence principle to provide much better assurance of cargo security problems. In 2015 we were selected for an accelerator in the EU FIWARE program and in that accelerator won a cash prize for best startup in 2016. The accelerator provided funding so we could create and test a solution for shipping containers with business partners (Royal FloraHolland, Dutch Customs Organisation, Seatrade and others). Although Babbler proved its value in those trials and is attracting international interest, the shipping industry is conservative and slow-moving. To use Babbler a number of links in the supply chain have to decide to work together, which makes the buying process slow. We concluded that we can grow faster by focussing on niches in the supply chain, rather than an entire chain itself. We have identified several candidate market segments but need funds to test our assumptions and determine if Babbler needs to be tweaked accordingly. We are considering: 1. Transport and storage of medical supplies, 2. TAPA level 2 certified road carriers, 3. Road carriers that EU cross borders with people trafficking issues. Given the size of the markets we can create a €20-25 million business, with a high-tech labour force of 40-50 people.

Keywords: feasility study to determine growth markets for babbler babbler is a next generation seal for supply chains,currently used in small volumes by international shipping companies
Turan-type problems for graphs and hypergraphs (TurantypeProblems)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: United States,United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-30
End date: 2021-10-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 189099.84
EU funding (EUR): 189099.84
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, we propose to study several Turan-type extremal problems for graphs and hypergraphs as well as related extremal problems on rainbow structures. In Turan-type extremal problems, roughly speaking, we want to determine how dense a configuration (graph, hypergraph, set system, etc.) can be when certain sub-configurations are forbidden. One of the earliest results in the area is Mantel's Theorem from 1908, which says that the largest triangle-free graph on given number of vertices is the balanced complete bipartite graph. This was generalized by Turan in 1941 to complete graphs on any number of vertices. The Turan-number of a graph G is the largest number of edges that a graph on given number of vertices can have without containing G. The experienced researcher in recent years has made several contributions to these problems. On Turan-type problems for bipartite graphs, in joint work with Jiang and Ma, the she made a first non-trivial progress in a while to a conjecture of Erdos and Simonovits regarding the so-called Turan exponents of single bipartite graphs. On hypergraph Turan-type problems, in joint work with Sergey Norin, she has developed a highly effective variant of the classical stability method that allowed them to solve several open conjectures in the field. The TC-supervisor, Dhruv Mubayi, is a world leading expert on Turan-type extremal problems. Working on problems posed in this proposal will allow the experienced researcher to further develop these promising tools with a leading expert. The second set of problems concern rainbow structures in edge-coloured graphs and hypergraphs. The experienced researcher, in joint works with Peter Keevash, and also with others had made several contributions to this area in the last two years. Here there is also a common theme of a series of work done by the MC-supervisor Julia Boettcher, who is a leading expert on the study of spanning structures in graphs and hypergraphs.

Keywords: extremal combinatorics,turan number,stability method,lagrangian,generalized triangle,extensions,rainbow,spanning structures,latin square,transversal,supersaturation,extremal number
Shaken and stirred: Terahertz electric field control of magnetism (MAGSHAKE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Panel description: Structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences, biological physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2025-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1495297.0
EU funding (EUR): 1495297.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The rapid move to wireless devices and the advent of cloud-based technologies in the 21st century’s digital economy call for denser, faster and more energy efficient data storage. However, the heat produced by modern data centres has already become a serious limitation to further increase their performance. At present, the data industry lacks a solution for this problem, which is expected to contribute greatly to the global warming and energy crisis in the near future. With MAGSHAKE I aim to pave the way towards a memory device characterized by very low energy consumption and switching times of one trillionth of a second. Very short pulses of electro-magnetic radiation at a terahertz (THz) frequency (i.e. thousand times faster than that in current data communication and processing standards) are among the shortest stimuli in condensed matter physics. These pulses are made from light particles (photons), with their energies naturally matching those of elementary quantum magnets, ‘spins’. These are used to store information in common magnetic hard disk drives. Hence, such THz photons can excite spins on their own energy scale without releasing any significant heat into the surrounding medium. MAGSHAKE will explore the manipulation of spins by a THz electric field, which can modulate the spin-orbit and exchange interactions which are responsible for magnetic ordering. These interactions are orders of magnitude stronger than the Zeeman energy due to an applied magnetic field. Therefore, the THz electric ‘shaking’ of the spins is expected to be strong enough to induce switching of the spins’ orientations, representing an elementary act of writing a bit of information. The proposed research programme aims to investigate the fundamentals of the electric field-driven nonlinear spin dynamics and to explore the basic requirements for the fastest and most energy-efficient spin switching in broad classes of magnetic materials.

Keywords: terahertz,antiferromagnets,ultrafast,light matter
Signs of Early Adaptation to Climate Change (EARLY-ADAPT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2026-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999999.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999999.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Nearly 8% of deaths are attributable to ambient temperatures, but little is known about the future impact in a warming world. I conducted studies in high-impact journals showing that this death toll can be largely reduced if a substantial degree of adaptation to ambient temperatures takes place. Adaptation strategies have been increasingly implemented in Europe in recent years, but the last IPCC report indicated that evidence of their effectiveness is still lacking. I postulate that adaptation measures are starting to generate positive benefits for the wellbeing of societies, including an adaptive response to climate change, but the degree to which they are effectively reducing human vulnerability is largely heterogeneous among and within European societies. I aim to describe the major sources of vulnerability, and if, which and to what extent societies have already started to adapt to changing conditions. Towards this aim, I will use predictive models to quantify the potential beneficial effect of early adaptation strategies through the attribution of temporal changes in human vulnerability. For that purpose, I will generate a massive database with daily counts of death for different subdomains and spatial resolutions, including data for countries, regions, cities and neighbourhoods, together with the best available climate, air pollution, influenza, socioeconomic and demographic datasets. In addition, I will combine the best epidemiological techniques with weather and climate forecasts and climate change simulations to perform an integrated predictability assessment of mortality risks and provide a realistic re-estimation of the likely range of future heat- and cold- attributable mortality. Expected results will provide a better understanding of the real impact of adaptation measures, which is key for decision-making and the design of strategies minimizing the negative impacts of future temperature rises in Europe.

Keywords: global warming,climate impact and predictability,temperature,urban heat island effect,air pollution,risk factors,attributable mortality,vulnerability,early adaptation,resilience,europe
Scientific Large-scale Infrastructure for Computing/Communication Experimental Studies – Starting Community (SLICES - SC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Theme: Research infrastructures
Destination: Integrating activities and infrastructures
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Italy,Finland,Greece,Greece,Switzerland,Belgium,Hungary,Poland,France,France,France
Call: Integrating Activities for Starting Communities (H2020-INFRAIA-2020-1, 2020)
Start date: 2021-03-01
End date: 2024-02-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4998986.25
EU funding (EUR): 4998986.25
Participants: 16
Project status: SIGNED

Today we are experiencing the digital transformation happening with an unprecedented pace, with the community constantly researching on new solutions to support this transformation with ample computational power and connectivity. Towards addressing such research efforts, Research Infrastructure (RI) specific to addressing Digital Sciences research efforts have been deployed worldwide, towards trying to address key aspects contrary to off-the-shelf commercial infrastructure: 1) Full control over the parameters of an experiment, 2) Repeatable experiments regardless of the physical infrastructure, 3) Valid experimental results, which are easy to cross-reference and replicate. As such, several RIs have emerged, offering experimentation services with bleeding edge resources, that otherwise are only offered only in industrial R&D laboratories, with limited functionality. Towards combating these issues, SLICES Research Infrastructure is about to be deployed, aiming to provide high quality experimentation services with emerging technologies around the area of digital sciences (5G/6G, NFV, IoT and Cloud Computing), in an Internet-scale setup. With SLICES-SC, we aspire to foster the community of researchers around this ecosystem, create and strengthen necessary links with relevant industrial stakeholders for the exploitation of the infrastructure, advance existing methods for research reproducibility and experiment repeatability, and design and deploy the necessary solutions for providing SLICES-RI with an easy to access scheme for users from different disciplines. A set of detailed research activities has been designed to materialize these efforts in tools for providing transnational (remote and physical) access to the facility, as well as virtual access to the data produced over the facilities. The respective networking activities of the project aspire in fostering the community around these infrastructures, as well as open up to new disciplines and industrial stakeholders.

Keywords: engagement of starting communities in digital sciences,digital infrastructure,future internet,wireless,cloud,research infrastructures,experimentation,industrial engagement
Next generation security platform to safeguard critical applications and sensitive digital assets (ARCAone)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-12-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The need to improve data protection has only grown in the past years, fuelled by a large number of high-profile cybercrimes that involved taking over digital assets. One of the most significant data breaches has been the successful theft of 143m customer records from a consumer credit reporting agency Equifax (US)—a cybercrime with devastating consequences due to the type of personally identifiable information stolen & its knock-on effect on the credit markets. Impact on the new businesses dealing with novel technology is even more devastating. The largest cryptoexchange Mt. Gox (JP) went bankrupt in 2014 because of an attack that resulted in $473m of cryptocurrencies stolen, greatly damaging public perception of cryptocurrencies & blockchain-related companies. We have developed ARCAone—a combined hardware & software solution that provides a secure execution & storage environment for various digital assets (from tokens & cryptocurrencies to cryptographic keys & other sensitive data). ARCAone is a highly secure environment that adheres to the existing security standards, supports state-of-the-art security protocols & complies with regulatory requirements. It offers a broad range of functionality & is future-proof. Since our foundation in May 2018 we have raised €1.4m & earned €246,000 in beta sales. Our team members have worked on the most secure software such as OpenBSD & OpenSSH. We will commercialize ARCAone platform through vertical applications built on top of it—we are building the 1st applications ourselves & will involve 3rd party developers for the others. This will allow us to focus on the ARCAone SDK & application marketplace while achieving the scale through 3rd party applications. We will start with the financial segment & IoT, then move to cloud services & other segments.

Keywords: blockchain,secure storage,secure management,critical infrastructure,digital locker,openbsd