Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Crossing scales: A geographical analysis of the transnationalization of indigenous mapping (INDIMAP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 229014.4
EU funding (EUR): 229014.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

How is mapping produced and mobilized by indigenous peoples to defend their political, cultural and territorial rights? That is the question this research in critical cartography and postcolonial geography will seek to answer. It is argued that indigenous mapping strategies are experiencing a process of “globalization” or “transnationalization”, which is part of the general tendency of transnationalization of indigenous political movements since the 1970s. The research will be based on qualitative methods from the social sciences (interviews and participant observation) and a multiscalar analysis of the political, cultural, technological and methodological processes characterizing the production and use of mapping by indigenous peoples. Taking into account the North-South diversity of indigenous realities, the project will concentrate on two research sites: Canada and Bolivia. Canadian indigenous people have been the first to use maps since the 1960s, which allows making an assessment of the impacts of indigenous mapping in the long-term. Bolivia, on the opposite, enables observation of “the making of” indigenous mapping, since it takes place within the recent political changes of the country. Research will be completed by fieldwork in international organizations (United Nations and International Labour Organization), in order to investigate the mechanisms of Bolivian and Canadian indigenous territorial claims and mapping within those institutions. The investigation will contribute to a better understanding not only of the role of cartography in the development of indigenous territorial claims but also of the globalized production and movement of ideas, representations and geographical imaginations related to contemporaneous indigeneity. Indigenous mapping, challenging the political and cultural foundations of modern nation-states and territories, is an essential topic to be studied within the social sciences and European Research.

Keywords: indigenous mapping,transnationalism,social sciences,critical cartography,postcolonial geography,geopolitics,bolivia,canada,multiscalar analysis
Quantum Interference and electro-PHonon ANOmalies in graphenes (QUANTUMPHANOGRAPHENE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-02-15
End date: 2013-02-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 205678.0
EU funding (EUR): 205678.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Graphenic systems represent nowadays one of the most important research topics, because of their potential applications in new designed electronic devices. Most promising are the bilayer and multi-layered compounds where a controlled gap can be induced by field effect. Besides their peculiar transport properties, graphenes present also interesting phonon anomalies, usually probed by means of Raman spectroscopy. The theoretical and experimental investigation of such features has been shown to provide a useful tool to determine in a non destructive way the fundamental characteristics of the samples, as the number of layers, the induced charge density and the magnitude of the gap itself. Very recently, first observations of phonon anomalies in bilayer graphenes have been reported also in the optical conductivity, where the phonon peaks were shown to have a marked asymmetric Fano-like shape, characteristic of a strong quantum interference with the particle-hole excitations. Such asymmetry, as well the intensity of the phonon peak itself, results moreover to have a strong dependence on the external gate voltage. Aim of the present project is to provide a theoretical model to explain on a microscopic ground the nature of these phonon anomalies in the optical conductivity. Within this context, the presence itself of a finite phonon intensity in homoatomic systems as graphenes is by no means trivial and it needs to be specifically addressed. Particular relevance acquires also the investigation of the origin of the Fano shape whose presence provides a direct probe of the particle-hole excitations coupled with the electron-phonon interaction. The comparison with the Raman measurements will also shed light on the different interband excitations involved in the different probes. Within this context the role of the substrate and of external gate voltages will be also included in order to provide a compelling comparison with the experimental measurements in a realistic setup.

Keywords: condensed matter properties,solid state physics,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties
Adaptive nanostructures prepared by hierarchical self-assembly (ADAPTNANO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168969.0
EU funding (EUR): 168969.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the project is a rational design of complex molecular self-assembled surface nanostructures the properties of which could be externally switched or their self-assembly process could be externally controlled. The project covers the research on the self-organization processes of molecules on metallic surfaces with ultra thin insulating layers and graphene substrates. Using the intermolecular bonds with graded strength the complex hierarchical architectures should be realized. The incorporation of switchable molecules gives the structures specific functional properties. The main idea lies in the preparation of nanopores which can be opened or closed through switching the molecules by light induced cis/trans isomeration which will be controlled by a proper choice of the used light wavelength. The detailed study of intermolecular interactions on insulating layers as well as understanding the light-induced switching processes in the nanostructures will be in centre of interest. Next, the influence of adjustable electronic density of graphene substrates or external electric fields on molecular self-assembly processes will be also studied.

Keywords: condensed matter properties,surface physics,scanning tunneling microscopy,self-assembly
Agencies in the European Union Area of Freedom, Security and Justice: Frontex, Europol and Eurojust (AFSJ-AGENCIES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165739.4
EU funding (EUR): 165739.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This study concerns the role of agencies (Europol, Eurojust and Frontex) in the European Union’s (EU) Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). Given the sustained interest of governments in the development of this most dynamic policy area in the EU, the investigator expects to generate significant policy-relevant findings that will have an important impact on both academic and governmental debates. The rapid development of the AFSJ in recent years has led to an expansion of the scholarly literature on this topic. However, with its focus on policy outputs and the role of the main EU institutions, this literature has tended to largely overlook ‘agencies’ (Europol, Eurojust and Frontex) in the AFSJ. This is very problematic given the increasing importance of both the AFSJ in the EU and the role of these agencies within the AFSJ. Consequently, this research project is crucial in order to fill this gap in the EU scholarship. In order to do so, it draws upon existing literature on agencies and new governance in the EU, which has not yet been applied to Frontex, Eurojust and Europol. This project is also based on the theoretical model of the ‘principal-agent’ relationship, where ‘principals’ (EU Member States and institutions) delegate specific powers to ‘agents’ (here, the agencies). The project will test four hypotheses derived from the literature on agencies, i.e. on control and autonomy, legitimacy, and coordination. The research project is based on the principle of methodological triangulation between, mainly, the relevant secondary literature, EU official documents and semi-structured elite interviews.

Keywords: social sciences,political sciences,eu policies,area of freedom,security and justice,europol,frontex,eurojust
The practice of “critique” in the thought of Michel Foucault: historical, political and ethical dimensions. (CRITICAL ATTITUDE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 83770.4
EU funding (EUR): 83770.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Over the last few years of his research, Michel Foucault developed a new definition of “critique”. In his opinion, the current task of philosophical research is to take a specific “critical attitude”. It must consist of a lucid questioning of the present and the deliberate undertaking, on the part of the philosopher, to accomplish a task in the current time. Thus, Foucault makes consistent theoretical sense of all of his earlier historical inquiries and of his genealogical and archaeological method. These had, in fact, shed light on the historical conditions for the emergence of the current configurations of knowledge and power and the modes of subjectivation. From this point of view, then, they constitute a questioning of our present. From this questioning derives the task that the philosopher must undertake: after throwing light on our historical limits, he must show the possibility of going beyond them. He must indicate those points whereby a change of the current configurations of knowledge, power, and the modes of subjectivation, becomes possible. My purpose is to explore Foucault’s idea of “critique” and to throw light on the relations that it has with Foucault’s method (archaeological and genealogical) and theoretical goals (“a critical ontology of ourselves”). What I shall try to do is to look at the three major series of elements that Foucault channels into his definition of critique (elements of the ancient world, interpretation of Kant’s writings and elements of aesthetics and literature). After looking at the way Foucault builds this concept, it will be necessary to understand how Foucault relates it with the knowledge and power systems and the modes of subjectivation that he describes. Finally, we will have to verify whether this method could still be effective nowadays, in our contemporary world.

Keywords: humanities,philosophy,ethics,moral philosophy,political philosophy,20th century continental philosophy,contemporary french philosophy,michel foucault.
Functional Analysis of Plant-Pathogenic Oomycete Effectors and their Targets Inside Plant Cell (POETIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-07-12
End date: 2012-07-11
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Plant-associated organisms secrete molecules to attenuate plant defence signalling and enable colonization of plant tissue. In contrast to bacterial plant pathogens, only a few oomycete effectors have been characterized. Many oomycete effectors carry a signal peptide and RxLR motif, and act inside host cells to suppress immunity. However, the mechanisms by which these effectors act remain to be elucidated. Jones’ laboratory study candidate effector genes mined from the genome sequence of Arabidopsis downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis -Hpa) in high-throughput screens and discovered RxLR effectors which enhance/decrease virulence. The present project proposes to analyse in planta, the modes of action of ten promising RxLR effectors from Hpa that confer enhanced/decreased virulence. From these ten promising Hpa candidate effectors, I aim to select as soon as possible the three best candidates to perform in planta functional analysis. In this framework, the main objectives are the subcellular localisation of Hpa effectors in the host cell and the identification of Hpa effector plant targets. The characterization of oomycete effectors that enter the plant cell, their functions and protein-uptake mechanisms will be a fascinating area for understanding the basis of plant pathogenesis and will shed light on fundamental cellular mechanisms in plants, thus enhancing our understanding of plant signalling, metabolism, and cell biology.

Keywords: natural sciences,cell biology,phytopathology,genetics,molecular biology
MIcrowave emission LinEwidth of Spin-Torque-Oscillators and associated phase NoisE (MILESTONE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-21
End date: 2012-04-20
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173162.4
EU funding (EUR): 173162.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to advance the performances of a spinelectronics based microwave oscillator. These spintronics oscillators (STO) make use of the recently discovered spin transfer torque effect by which the magnetization of a thin magnetic layer can be set into perpetual steady state oscillations. These magnetization oscillations are translated into an ac output voltage by virtue of the giant or tunnelling magneto-resistance while its Gigahertz frequency can be tuned by the spin polarized DC current. Due to their extremely small size (100 nm) it is expected that a single conventional oscillator (of the type VCO voltage controlled oscillator) can be replaced by 50 spin torque oscillators thus largely increasing the covered frequency range at the same cost of CMOS space. This is of great potential for future telecommunications applications, where incorporating as many standards as possible on a single device, at reduced cost and space, poses a major challenge. However, one of the major bottlenecks for the implementation of STOs is their relatively large microwave emission linewidth (10 – 100 MHz) that is little understood. The aim of this project is therefore to investigate the physical mechanisms that limit the temporal coherence using improved magnetic stacks of the oscillator device that lead to stable microwave emission lines compatible with standard microwave applications. In particular, for the given oscillator configurations, the frequency and amplitude fluctuations will be identified and characterized with respect to their corresponding timescales and correlation. This will be done using recently developed time domain experiments. The ultimate goal is to extract phase noise, which is the parameter relevant for applications. This will be done by using numerical analysis techniques of signal traces from time domain measurements and by phase locked loop techniques.

Keywords: electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,spinelectronics,spin transfer torque,nanodevices
Tandem catalysis for the production of biofuel related chemicals from biomass derived polyols (TCPBRCBDP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2012-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181970.8
EU funding (EUR): 181970.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One promising strategy for the production of biofuels from cellulosic, hemicellulosic and lipid materials is to use polyols as a platform. Recent advances have led to direct and (potentially) large scale production of polyols such as ethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol. Nevertheless, the downstream production of valuable fuels from polyols is comparatively lacking. In this project we intend to bridge this gap by developing a new strategy that could directly convert polyols into valuable acetals. To achieve this, a one-pot multi-step process through tandem catalysis is envisaged. Acetals will be produced through classical acetalisation reactions between polyols and aldehydes, with the latter being produced in situ from syngas by a tandem Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) reaction and hydroformylation reaction. An efficient, dual functional hybrid catalyst based on a nanoparticle core to which a homogeneous catalyst is tethered that is capable of both F-T and hydroformylation reaction will be designed and synthesized, which to our knowledge represents the first approach of tandem F-T/hydroformylation catalyst. In-situ spectroscopic techniques, such as IR and NMR, will also be applied to study mechanistic aspects of the reactions. The approaches described herein are of high novelty with respect to both biomass conversion and heterogeneous/homogenous catalysis potentially leading to be the more efficient use of renewable resources.

Keywords: biomass,polyols,syngas,fuel additive,nanoparticles,nanocatalysis,homogenous catalysis,tandem catalysis,fischer-tropsch reaction,hydroformylation reaction,acetal formation
New bioactive agents based on natural products (NABIO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173240.8
EU funding (EUR): 173240.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

More than 1 in 3 people in the EU will develop cancer during their lifetime. Despite huge investment, insufficient new bioactive molecules are emerging, and there is urgent need for a different approach to research in this area. Drawing inspiration from Nature, the Fellow will investigate natural products with anticancer potential. The objective of the IEF is to support the career development of a talented researcher, to improve and develop her skills in preparation for an independent scientific career. The research objectives are to exploit the medicinal activity in naturally occurring quinones in an interdisciplinary programme involving chemical synthesis of the natural compounds and analogues, and their biological evaluation, maximizing the synergy between the Fellow and the Host Laboratory. The objectives will be measured against: • development of innovative chemical routes to bioactive quinones, including natural products and analogues; • biological evaluation of novel compounds as potential therapeutic agents; • publication of high quality papers; • establishment of research collaborations between UK and Italian groups. The project brings together complementary scientific communities in research aimed at developing novel therapeutic agents, particularly for cancer. The substantial training element will be of huge benefit to the Fellow in establishing her independent academic career by complementing and reinforcing her medicinal chemistry background with synthetic organic chemistry.

Keywords: organic chemistry,pharmaceutical chemistry
IMaging of Plant Responses to Environmental StresS (IMPRESS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 239282.8
EU funding (EUR): 239282.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The need to meet the EU’s demand for food and other plant products while preserving natural environments for recreation and conservation of biodiversity in the face of increased population and climatic pressures, has led to an unprecedented demand for an improved understanding of resource capture and utilisation by plants, and of how abiotic stress impacts on plant performance. Imaging techniques are currently being applied in biomedicine to enhance spatial and temporal detection of physiological processes at a range of scales. In plant sciences the potential of imaging techniques in both fundamental and applied research has as yet to be widely exploited. We propose to combine thermal infra-red and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging to investigate the impacts of abiotic stress on photosynthesis and transpiration, at the level of the leaf, plant, and crop. The techniques will be applied to detecting spatial and temporal responses to a range of environmental stresses in photosynthetic reactions and stomatal conductance of leaves of transgenic plants with altered capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Additionally, the techniques will be applied to detection of genotypic variation in rye grass (a model monocot crop) and food crops (wheat, potato) in photosynthetic reactions and stomatal conductance under diverse types, durations, and degrees of environmental stress. Genotypes with different physiological behaviour will be characterised to improve our understanding of stress responses of these crops. Finally, whole crops will be imaged to rapidly determine the impacts of different agronomic practices on carbon dioxide and water fluxes.

Keywords: abiotic stress,chlorophyll fluorescence,chloroplast,imaging,infra-red thermography,monocot,phenotype,radical scavenging,reactive oxygen species (ros),stress tolerance,water use efficiency