Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Dependable Performance on Many-Thread Processors (DPMP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1389000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1389000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Contemporary microprocessors seek at improving performance through thread-level parallelism by co-executing multiple threads on a single microprocessor chip. Projections suggest that future processors will feature multiple tens to hundreds of threads, hence called many-thread processors. Many-thread processors, however, lead to non-dependable performance: co-executing threads affect each other s performance in unpredictable ways because of resource sharing across threads. Failure to deliver dependable performance leads to missed deadlines, priority inversion, unbalanced parallel execution, etc., which will severely impact the usage model and the performance growth path for many important future and emerging application domains (e.g., media, medical, datacenter). DPMP envisions that performance introspection using a cycle accounting architecture that tracks per-thread performance, will be the breakthrough to delivering dependable performance in future many-thread processors. To this end, DPMP will develop a hardware cycle accounting architecture that estimates single-thread progress during many-thread execution. The ability to track per-thread progress enables system software to deliver dependable performance by assigning hardware resources to threads depending on their relative progress. Through this cooperative hardware-software approach, this project addresses a fundamental problem in multi-threaded ad multi/many-core processing.

Keywords: computer architecture
Modelling platforms for high-power resonant DC hub and power networks with multiple converter systems (MODELING DC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 718016.0
EU funding (EUR): 718016.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This research proposal aims developing modelling tools for designing high-power multi-terminal DC transformers based on resonant topologies. The DC transformers with fault isolation property are expected to play a crucial role in developing DC grids, like the proposed North Sea supergrid. The resonant DC hubs with inherent fault current limitation are proposed as a replacement of traditional AC substation, and represent fundamentally different approach to power system operation control and protection. The second parallel aim is the development of modelling platform for dynamics studies of future (AC or DC) transmission grids with numerous converter systems. This modelling platform will be capable of representing unlimited number of converter systems in analytical form (parametric domain) and supporting eigenvalue studies in frequency range below 150Hz.

Keywords: hvdc,dc/dc converters,power system stability,power system modeling,power system control
Practical Approximation Algorithms (PAAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Poland,Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1000000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this proposal is the development and study of practical approximation algorithms. We will base our study on theoretical models that can describe requirements for algorithms that make them practically efficient. We plan to develop an efficient and useful programming library of approximation algorithms. Our research on approximation algorithms will be concentrated on two main topics: - multi-problem optimization, when the solution has to be composed out of different problems that need to interact, - interplay between regular and random structure of network that could allow construction of good approximation algorithms. The above concepts try to capture the notion of effective algorithms. It has to be underlined that they were not studied before. The practical importance of these problems will be verified by the accompanying work on generic programming concepts for approximation algorithms. These concepts will form the basis of universal library that will include Web algorithms and algorithms for physical applications.

Keywords: approximation algorithms,combinatorial optimization,stochastic algorithms,generic programming
Communication and Computation - Two Sides of One Tapestry (COMCOM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland,Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1776472.8
EU funding (EUR): 1776472.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Networks have been studied in depth for several decades, but one aspect has received little attention: Interference. Most networks use clever algorithms to avoid interference, and this strategy has proved effective for traditional supply-chain or wired communication networks. However, the emergence of wireless networks revealed that simply avoiding interference leads to significant performance loss. A wealth of cooperative communication strategies have recently been developed to address this issue. Two fundamental roadblocks are emerging: First, it is ultimately unclear how to integrate cooperative techniques into the larger fabric of networks (short of case-by-case redesigns); and second, the lack of source/channel separation in networks (i.e., more bits do not imply better end-to-end signal quality) calls for ever more specialized cooperative techniques. This proposal advocates a new understanding of interference as computation: Interference garbles together inputs to produce an output. This can be thought of as a certain computation, perhaps subject to noise or other stochastic effects. The proposed work will develop strategies that permit to exploit this computational potential. Building on these ``computation codes,'' an enhanced physical layer is proposed: Rather than only forwarding bits, the revised physical layer can also forward functions from several transmitting nodes to a receiver, much more efficiently than the full information. Near-seamless integration into the fabric of existing network architectures is thus possible, providing a solution for the first roadblock. In response to the second roadblock, computation codes suggest new computational primitives as fundamental currencies of information.

Keywords: information theory,wireless networks,coding
Theoretical studies on the functionalisation of metal surfaces with organic and biological complexes under electrochemical conditions (THEOFUN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1409400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1409400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to understand the mechanisms behind the functionalisation of metal surfaces with organic and biological complexes under realistic electrochemical conditions. Focusing on low-index surfaces of gold and platinum, which are also the electrodes in corresponding experiments, we will use a series of theoretical methods applicable for different time- and lengthsscales to investigate the geometry and electronic properties of different complexes attached to these electrodes as function of the surrounding (e.g. electrolyte) and the environmental conditions: temperature, pressure/concentrations, and electrode potential. As complexes we will consider small organic molecules such as 4-mercaptopyridine, 4-ATP, or alkane-chains of variable length, as well as biological complexes, i.e. DNA-sequences. Within the first step we will establish a deeper understanding of how these complexes interact with the metal electrodes and how adlayer structures can be manipulated by applying specific temperature, pressure, or potential-conditions. Since the intermolecular interactions are rather weak, the presence of the external electrode potential could lead to drastic changes of the interfacial morphology. In this respect, particular attention will be spend to the highly-reversible folding and unfolding of DNA-sequences, which has recently had been realized experimentally. Based on thus functionalized electrode surfaces, we will investigate their potential as templates for growing nanoparticles of desired size and shape, which would allow for bridging the gap between well-defined single crystal surfaces and nanoparticles. It is now a matter of establishing the predictive capacity for these methods, an expansive process that itself will open new doors of research.

Keywords: multi-scale modeling,electrochmical surface chemistry,biological molecules,electrode/electrolyte inferfaces
Advanced Lagrangian Optimization, Receptivity and Sensitivity analysis applied to industrial situations (ALORS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-12-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 67.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1301196.0
EU funding (EUR): 1301196.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the last ten years there has been a surge of interest in non-modal analysis applied to canonical problems in fundamental fluid mechanics. Even in simple flows, the stability behaviour predicted by non-modal analysis can be completely different from and far more accurate than that predicted by conventional eigenvalue analysis. As well as being more accurate, the tools of non-modal analysis, such as Lagrangian optimization, are very versatile. Furthermore, the outputs, such as receptivity and sensitivity maps of a flow, provide powerful insight for engineers. They describe where a flow is most receptive to forcing or where the flow is most sensitive to modification. The application of non-modal analysis to canonical problems has set the scene for step changes in engineering practice in fluid mechanics and thermoacoustics. The technical objectives of this proposal are to apply non-modal analysis to high Reynolds number flows, reacting flows and thermoacoustic systems, to compare theoretical predictions with experimental measurements and to embed these techniques within an industrial design tool that has already been developed by the group. This research group s vision is that future generations of engineering CFD tools will contain modules that can perform non-modal analysis. The generalized approach proposed here, combined with challenging scientific and engineering examples that are backed up by experimental evidence, will make this possible and demonstrate it to a wider engineering community.

Keywords: flow instability thermoacoustics non-modal optimization
From Protist to Proxy: Dinoflagellates as signal carriers for climate and carbon cycling during past and present extreme climate transitions (DINOPRO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to develop and apply a novel method for the integrated reconstruction of past changes in carbon cycling and climate change. This method will be based on combining a well-established sensitive paleoclimate proxy with a recent discovery: the stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of marine dinoflagellates (algae) and their organic fossils (dinocysts) reflects seawater carbonate chemistry, particularly pCO2. Biological (culture) experiments will lead to new insights in dinoflagellate carbon acquisition, and enable quantification of the effect of carbon speciation on dinoflagellate δ13C. The rises in CO2 concentrations during the last century, and at the termination of the last glacial period will be used to test and calibrate the new method. The δ13C of fossil dinoflagellate cysts will subsequently be used to reconstruct surface ocean pCO2 and ocean acidification during a past analogue of rapidly rising carbon dioxide concentrations, 55 million years ago. My research will shed new light on processes such as ocean acidification and the marine carbon cycle as a whole. Past analogues of rapid carbon injection can aid in the quantification of climate change and identification of vulnerable biological groups, critical to identify ‘tipping points’ in system Earth. The study of dinoflagellate carbon isotopes comprises the initiation of a new research field and will provide constraints on ocean acidification in the past and its consequences in the future.

Keywords: paleocene/eocene thermal maximum,ocean acidification,dinoflagellates,dinoflagellate cysts
Understanding Halogen Bonding in Solution: Investigation of Yet Unexplored Interactions with Applications in Medicinal Chemistry (HALOGEN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1495629.6
EU funding (EUR): 1495629.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Halogen bonding is an electron density donation-based weak interaction that has so far almost exclusively been investigated in computational and crystallographic studies. It shows high similarities to hydrogen bonding; however, its applicability for molecular recognition processes long remained unappreciated and has not been thoroughly explored. The main goals of this project are (1) to take the major leap from solid state/computational to /solution/ investigations of halogen bonding by developing novel NMR methods, using these (2) perform the first ever systematic physicochemical study of halogen bonding in solutions, and (3) to apply the gained knowledge in structural biology through elucidation of the anaesthetic binding site of native proteins. This in turn is of direct clinical relevance by providing a long-sought understanding of the disease malignant hyperthermia. Model compounds will be prepared using solution-phase and solid-supported organic synthesis; NMR methods will be developed for physicochemical studies of molecular recognition processes and applied in structural biology through the study of the interaction of anaesthetics with proteins involved in cellular calcium regulation. Using a peptidomimetic model system and an outstandingly sensitive NMR technique I will systematically study the impact of halogen bond donor and acceptor sites, and of electronic and solvent effects on the strength of the interaction. The proposed method will quantify relative stability of a strategically-designed, cooperatively folding model system. A second NMR technique will utilize paramagnetic effects and permit simultaneous characterization of bond strength and geometry of weak intermolecular complexes in solution. The technique will first be validated on small, organic model compounds and subsequently be transferred to weak, protein-ligand interactions. It will be exploited to gain an atomic level understanding of anaesthesia.
Magmas at Depth: an Experimental Study at Extreme Conditions. (MAD-ESEC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: France,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-StG_20091028, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1332160.0
EU funding (EUR): 1332160.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Magmas, i.e. silicate melts, have played a key role in the chemical and thermal evolution of the Earth and other planets. The Earth's interior today is the outcome of mass transfers which occurred primarily in its early history and still occur now via magmatic events. Present day magmatic and volcanic processes are controlled by the properties of molten silicate at high pressure, considering that magmas are produced at depth. However, the physical properties of molten silicates remain largely unexplored across the broad range of relevant P-T conditions, and their chemical properties are very often assumed constant and equal to those known at ambient conditions. This blurs out our understanding of planetary differentiation and current magmatic processes. The aim of this proposal is to place fundamental constraints on magma generation and transport in planetary interiors by measuring the properties of silicate melts in their natural high pressures (P) and high temperatures (T) conditions using a broad range of in situ key diagnostic probes (X-ray and neutron scattering techniques, X-ray absorption, radiography, Raman spectroscopy). The completion of this proposal will result in a comprehensive key database in the composition-P-T space that will form the foundation for modelling planetary formation and differentiation, and will provide answers to the very fundamental questions on magma formation, ascent or trapping at depth in the current and past Earth. This experimental program is allowed by the recent advancements in in situ high P-T techniques, and comes in conjunction with a large and fruitful theoretical effort; time has thus come to understand Earth's melts and their keys to Earth's evolution.

Keywords: magmas,high pressure,structure,density,volatiles,planetary differentiation,magmatic differentiation,liquid immiscibility
Integrated research on DEvelopmental determinants of Aging and Longevity (IDEAL)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Health
Destination: Translating research for human health
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Sweden,Denmark,Italy,Italy,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,France,Switzerland,Germany,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-HEALTH-2010-two-stage, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 15935888.16
EU funding (EUR): 11986951.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

IDEAL will obtain insight into the role of early life conditions affecting late-life health, disease and aging, and the role of epigenetic regulation therein. IDEAL will identify the determinants and targets of this epigenetic regulation utilizing a resource of unique human cohorts and animal studies that allow testing of hypotheses on the link between development and aging. Key objectives of IDEAL are 1.Quantify the role of epigenetic regulation in the response to developmental conditions that affect growth & metabolism, immunity, and reproduction in animal models and its translation to human conditions. 2.Quantify the role of epigenetic regulation in the response to developmental conditions of humans and create the animal model that resembles such responses. 3.Create a reference library of gene expression and epigenetic changes as a function of age and obtain insight into principles of epigenetic regulation across species. 4.Develop monitoring tools of epigenetic effects following developmental conditions. 5.Develop monitoring tools of epigenetic control during aging and their meaning for physiological functions, and for the development of biomarkers of aging 6.Identify pathways determining and promoting human longevity. 7.Identify pathways determining human health and longevity by influencing developmental processes. 8.Develop animal models for testing relevant compounds to modify epigenetic effects early or later in life. We will study known longevity determinants as well as newly discovered pathways, and we will link early development with all adult phases. Our research can provide models for testing interventions through epigenetic regulation that improves healthy aging and longevity and that can be translated into novel drug targets and protein therapeutics. IDEAL integrates expertise, resources and results of some of the best EU projects on ageing and has the potential to reshape health-care for a healthier and longer life in the EU.

Keywords: early exposure-epigenetic-reproduction-growth & metabolism-immunology-plasticity-aging & longevity