Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Air pollution and noise exposure related to personal transport behaviour: short-term and longer-term effects on health (MobiliSense)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

To support policies at the European and national levels, MobiliSense aims to explore the effects of air pollution and noise exposure related to personal transport habits on respiratory and cardiovascular health. Building on methods from Epidemiology, Geography, and Transport sciences, the objectives of MobiliSense are to quantify the contribution of personal transport to the air pollution and noise exposure of individuals; to compare the air pollution and noise exposure in the different transport modes; to investigate whether total and transport-related personal exposure to air pollutants and noise are associated with short-term and two-year changes in respiratory and cardiovascular health; and to examine whether transport-related exposures mediate socioeconomic disparities in health. The MobiliSense project will use passive and active sensors of location, behaviour, environmental nuisances, and health in a representative sample of 1000 participants followed-up over two years. It addresses a gap in knowledge: (i) by assessing transport behaviour over 6 days with GPS receivers and an electronic mobility survey; (ii) by considering the personal exposure to both air pollution and noise and improving its characterisation (inhaled doses, noise frequency components, impulsive noise, and interactions with subjective annoyance); (iii) by measuring a wide range of respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes (smartphone-assessed respiratory symptoms, lung function assessed by spirometry, resting blood pressure, ambulatory brachial / central blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and heart rate variability); and (iv) by investigating short-term and longer-term effects of transport. To assist policy-makers, the final aim is to deliver a simulation tool permitting to determine the extent to which scenarios (i) of changes in personal transport behaviour and (ii) of changes in exposure levels during transport affect individual exposure and respiratory / cardiovascular health.

Keywords: transportation behaviour,mobility patterns,socioeconomic status,cardiovascular health,respiratory health,air pollution,noise
ENTREPRENEURING DYNAMIC SELF-ORGANIZED INTERFACES IN PHOTOCATALYSIS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TRAINING NETWORK CONVERTING LIGHT INTO PRODUCTS (PHOTOTRAIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Italy,Israel,Italy,Spain,Italy,Italy,Belgium,Belgium,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2016-10-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3630212.28
EU funding (EUR): 3630212.28
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

The global need to move current human technologies into a sustainable future will have a great impact for the world of chemistry and related industries. In close concert with other disciplines, chemistry will be increasingly solicited to identify solutions that are practical, affordable and ultimately sustainable. To meet these objectives, not only research, but also chemical education will need profound reforms that have to be contextualized in the multidisciplinary and intersectoral picture of a sustainable development. It is propelled by these societal needs that, by educating and practising 14 ESRs, PHOTOTRAIN will ensure photo-triggered chemical process to play its central role in sustainability. By capitalising on the basic principles of supramolecular chemistry to program dynamic self-organized photoactive interfaces, it is intended to raise the creativity, knowledge, skills and capacity of the ESRs to conceive new ideas for reforming current industrial transformations into a new generation of “light-triggered” processes. The challenge of developing and transferring light-fuelled processes from a proof-of-principle to an exploitable process is to embark upon a dynamic configuration in which photoactive species are kept separated, act independently and are finally recycled. In particular, through the adoption of a microfluidic system in which programmed different phases allow the formation of photoactive interfaces, it is planned to implement photo-catalytic technologies at the industrial level for triggering stereoselective organocatalytic transformations (i.e., pharmaceutical applications) and/or solar fuels production. By the organisation of targeted individual projects and interdisciplinary secondements, ESRs will be guided toward attractive early-stage career opportunities as researchers, process chemists, chemical engineers and research managers in collective forms at various academic and research institutes, small and large enterprises, and NGOs.

Keywords: microfluidics,photocatalysis,self organisation,molecular recognition
Elucidating the Molecular Mechanism of Myoblast Fusion in Vertebrates (MYOCLEM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Panel description: Structure and function of the cell, cell-cell communication, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, growth, development, evolution of development, organoids, stem cells, regeneration, therapeutic approaches
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Cell-to-cell fusion is a ubiquitous phenomenon essential for the physiological function of numerous tissues. A striking example is the fusion of myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers during skeletal muscle development and regeneration. During myoblast fusion, membrane architecture must be radically remodeled. Yet, how membrane remodeling occurs on the molecular level is poorly understood as, until now, there was no approach available for visualizing dynamic changes in the cellular ultrastructure and the organization of the fusion machinery in situ. To fill this gap, we have developed correlative light and 3D electron microscopy (CLEM) methods that allow us to identify fluorescent signals within EM samples with high sensitivity and subsequently localize the source of these signals with high precision. In this proposal, we will apply these methods in combination with live-cell imaging, biochemistry and cryo-electron tomography (ET) to deliver fundamental knowledge about the mechanism of myoblast fusion. Our specific aims are: Aim 1: To resolve the molecular and ultrastructural events underlying cell fusion, by revealing how plasma membrane architecture is remodeled at sites of fusion using 3D EM. Aim 2: To dissect the mechanism driving membrane remodeling during fusion, by visualizing how the fusion machinery assembles at sites of fusion and how its assembly is mirrored by changes in membrane shape, using biochemistry and live-cell imaging. Aim 3: To determine the structure of the fusion machinery in situ, by using cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging. Our synergetic experimental strategy will generate a quantitative, dynamic high-resolution view of the fusogenic synapse of vertebrate muscle, revealing how the fusion machinery remodels the plasma membrane at sites of fusion. These data are vital for deriving a biophysical model of myoblast fusion, understanding the general mechanism of cell fusion, and developing strategies to treat primary muscle diseases.

Keywords: cell fusion,myoblast fusion,membrane fusion,myogenesis,correlative light and electron,microscopy,cryo electron microscopy
Quantum Chemistry on Interstellar Grains (QUANTUMGRAIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1890731.25
EU funding (EUR): 1890731.25
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The Universe is molecularly rich, comprising from the simplest molecule (H2), to complex organic molecules (e.g., NH2CHO) and biomolecules (e.g., amino acids). The physical phases involved in a Solar-type planetary system formation go hand-in-hand with an increase in molecular complexity, which is ultimately connected with the origin of life. Interstellar (IS) grains play a key role in this chemical evolution as they provide surfaces where key chemical reactions occur. The IS grain chemistry is not fully understood yet. Spectroscopic astronomical observations combined with astrochemical modelling and laboratory experiments have dedicated great efforts to this end but they are still severally limited at reproducing, characterizing and, ultimately, understanding truly existing IS surface reactions. The QUANTUMGRAIN project aims to overcome such limitations by adopting a fourth approach: new state-of-the-art quantum chemistry simulations. These simulations will provide unique, unprecedented information at a molecular level (structures, energetics and dynamics) of the physico-chemical processes occurring in IS surface reactions, with the final objective to fully unveil the actual chemistry on IS grains. To achieve this objective QUANTUMGRAIN is based on three pillars: i) construction of realistic atom-based structural models for IS grains to characterize their structural, energetic and spectroscopic features, ii) molecular simulation of crucial “on-grain” reactions (formation of simple molecules, complex organic molecules and biomolecules) to disentangle the most favourable mechanisms, and iii) assessment of the actual role of IS grains in each reaction (catalyst? concentrator? third body?) to know why their presence is fundamental. My ambition is to have a complete, accurate molecular description of the different elementary physico-chemical steps involved in IS surface reactions, with the ultimate goal to definitely unveil in a comprehensive way the IS grain chemistry.

Keywords: astrochemistry,grain interactions,grain surface reactions,chemical evolution in solar like planetary system formation,surface modelling,dft calculations,ab initio molecular dynamics
Large-scale cortical communication: Brain oscillatory mechanisms of attention allocation and selective inhibition (BrainCrossTalk)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2022-01-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165599.3
EU funding (EUR): 165598.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This research proposal aims to identify basic mechanisms of local and global communication within the human brain enabling dynamic information processing. Specifically, I will investigate how the human brain allocates cognitive resources (via selective attention and inhibition) and therefore, dynamically engages and disengages frontal and posterior cortical areas. Several oscillatory mechanisms have been proposed to orchestrate such local and global cortical communication. While there are theoretical models hypothesising such mechanisms (i.e. gating by inhibition and cognitive resource allocation), to date no systematic empirical investigation of the interaction between these mechanisms exists. The current proposal aims at filling this gap by investigating the interaction – and the complexity thereof – between the neuronal mechanisms of different cognitive operations when they need to be integrated. The results will therefore serve to establish a common framework that links individual mechanisms and maps their interactions in the human brain. The proposed experiments require dynamic allocation of attention as well as selective inhibition in working memory. It will be explored how these processes can be dissociated in the neocortex by combining structural MRI and MEG. Furthermore, mapping their interaction will be a prime focus and the use of TMS in combination with EEG will enable to establish causality and direct behavioural relevance. Importantly, knowledge gained by this research will greatly inform research into basic brain mechanisms and bring us a step closer to understanding how the human brain operates. For me this project will be a prime possibility to work with Ole Jensen at the Donders Institute, NL and develop skills that bring me closer to establishing my own independent research group at a European University and ultimately becoming a leading European researcher myself.

Keywords: working memory,attention allocation,inhibition,brain oscillations,cross frequency coupling,fronto posterior cortical network
Deconstructing the string landscape (Stringlandscape)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1669465.0
EU funding (EUR): 1669465.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Despite its uniqueness, string theory has a “landscape” of low-energy solutions with very different observable physics. These solutions are usually found using low-energy effective theories which, in order to satisfy all the experimental constraints, require a number of exotic ingredients whose string theory origin is unclear. Thus, finding a solution within the effective theory compatible with experiments is far from the same as showing that such a solution is stable in string theory, to say nothing of whether it even exist. Without a string realization, there is neither a known ultraviolet completion of the effective action, nor any guarantee of its existence or consistency. The primary objective of this proposal is to deconstruct the string theory landscape, and determine what parts of it can be promoted to full-fledged string theory solutions, thus resolving the question of their consistency, and what parts are inconsistent. If the outcome of the project is that most of the phenomenologically interesting models are consistent, the landscape paradigm will be put on solid ground. Proving that most models are inconsistent would shatter it, weakening the case for a multiverse explanation of our universe, while restoring the quest for predictability in string theory. The most drastic possible outcome would be to show that none of the existing models survive consistency checks. Such a verdict would force us to search for more inventive alternatives, such as going away from the realm of geometry, and so this project will also pioneer the construction of a “non-geometric landscape”.

Keywords: string theory,string phenomenology,string compactifications,beyond standard model of particle physics,cosmological constant
A REVOLUTIONARY PORTABLE AND ENVIROMENTALLY SOLUTION FOR CHEWING GUM REMOVAL USING STEAM ON DEMAND TECHNOLOGY (ECOGUM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Climate action, environment,  resource efficiency and raw materials
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Boosting the potential of small businesses in the areas of climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 5.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Chewing gum seems like a fairly innocuous substance until you step on it or sit on, or until you are faced with removing it from footpaths and public places. Nowadays, chewing gum removal has become a worldwide cleaning concern and a huge problem for local authorities, commercial property owners and property management companies who are responsible for the cleanliness. Spirit Circuits Ltd has invested significant development time over last two years to come up with a safe, economical, and green solution to the problem of removing chewing gum which has resulted in an environmentally friendly cleaning equipment (EcoGUM). Established in 2003, Sprit Circuits Ltd (SCL) is one of the UK’s most innovative Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturers. Since our company was founded, we have invested in development, producing a range of patented technology and we have ensured that innovation plays a key role in everything from proactively researching new materials and technologies to executing a business strategy – thus, consolidating our position in the electrical and electronic market. With the exploitation of our proposed system, we expect to create 12 new jobs and enter a new market. Moreover, the successful implementation also significantly enhances the profitability of SCL. It would return an expected turnover of nearly €14mill until 2020. Phase 1 project aims at assessing the activities needed to standardize the product, scale up to a large pilot implementation and test the market to achieve a sound business model. In Phase 2 we expect to perform a pilot study to improve the final quality of the EcoGUM, offering the best value machine in the world and the first fully Lithium battery powered Steam Cleaning Machine prototype based on steam on demand technology, that integrates all existing functionalities and adds key functionalities especially to protect the environment and have it ready for commercialization in Phase 3.

Keywords: environmentally solution
Virtual Privte Home - Privacy-by-design Home Energy Efficiency Platform (Virtual Private Home)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: France
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for a low carbon energy system (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Project objective “Virtual Private Home – Privace-Aware Home Energy Efficiency Platform” project aims to deploy on the EU market a new, gaming changing energy efficiency tool for residential customers, that will be characterized by its superior energy saving performance, open architecture and above all by its “Privacy-by-design” data protection concept. Product concept The Virtual Home product will be released in a form of an online service, accessible via internet, mobile and smart objects. The service will be associated with third party smart meters and smart home devices. It will use behavioral efficiency (green nudge) tool to engage consumer in energy saving, and its modular structure will enable connecting an infinite range of additional applications. It can enable to up 30% of energy savings. Each end-user will dispose of complete control of its private content, with a possibility to grant or revoke access, change hosting platform, destroy all data. The encrypted object storage approach will ensure access on ‘need-to-know’ bases. Feasibility assessment The feasibility phase will validate initial market insights: demand for privacy solution, size o home energy efficiency markets, and test concepts with initial test users. European and global dimension Residential energy consumption represents 27% of overall EU energy usage, and energy expenses start to exceed 10% of household budgets in some EU countries. EU directives recommends deployment of smart metering and smart grid solution, while the new EU General Data Protection Regulation imposes very strict privacy by design rules. Privacy is a major barrier for deployment of home energy efficiency solutions. The project will be coordinated by GridPocket, successful start-up of 15 engineers and researchers based in France and Poland.

Keywords: energy efficiency,behavioral,privacy,standards