Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Quantum Atom Optics from Entangled Pairs to Strongly Correlated Systems (QUANTATOP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2130000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2130000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ultra cold atoms offer unprecedented possibilities to shed a new light on intriguing quantum phenomenon that were discovered in Photon Quantum Optics (PQO), such as Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations, Bell’s inequality tests of entanglement, Hong Ou Mandel effect, non classical states of light. It becomes possible to develop a Quantum Atom Optics (QAO), which is more than a simple analogue to PQO. Atoms add two new ingredients to the situations (i) controlled interactions, tunable from zero to giant values; (ii) the possibility to choose between fermions and bosons. The first part of this project aims at revisiting with this new perspective some milestones of Quantum Optics, and to address open questions like possible interaction induced decoherence effects. For this, we will develop single atom detectors and atom-atom correlation measurements techniques, both for metastable Helium and for alkali atoms, and build all optical cooling machines for these species, including a guided atom laser with control of the atomic interactions. We will also consider measurements below the standard quantum limits, to apply them to inertial and gravitational sensors based on atom interferometers. In the second part of this project, experimental tools and concepts of QAO will be used to address fundamental questions of Condensed Matter Physics (CMP). A 1D horizontally guided Atom Laser will allow us to study transport properties of an interacting Bose gas in the presence of disorder, akin to conductivity measurements in CMP. Atom-atom correlation techniques developed to test Bell inequalities will allow us to investigate non trivial symmetries in paired atomic states BCS-like. Using larger samples of ultra-cold Bose or Fermi atoms, we will investigate the effect of interactions on Anderson localization in 1D, 2D and 3D, as well as other phenomenon beyond the mean field description, e.g. correlations in strongly interacting 1D quantum gases.

Keywords: ultra cold atoms / quantum degenerate gas
Silicon-photonics-based laser spectroscopy platform: towards a paradigm shift in environmental monitoring and health care (INSPECTRA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Belgium,Belgium
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2183000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2183000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The Principal Investigator and his team will open up new horizons in the field of laser spectroscopy through basic research on silicon-photonics-based Spectroscopic Systems-On-Chip (SpecSOC’s). The key question being addressed is: how can the powerful concepts of high-index-contrast nanophotonics be combined with the extreme accuracy of silicon technology and with the performance of hybrid silicon/III-V integration in order to create system-on-chip functionalities for advanced (bio-)spectroscopy. We will first focus research on integrated lasers or Laser Systems-on-Chip (LaSOC’s) capable of providing very wide wavelength tuning in the infrared, mid-infrared or visible. These lasers will have an unprecedented combination of properties. They will differ from existing semiconductor lasers in the sense that they combine the best of III-V semiconductor technology and silicon technology in unique cavity structures exploiting high index contrast in three dimensions. In the second phase of the project we will shift the focus from laser-oriented novelty to spectroscopy-oriented novelty and investigate SpecSOC’s with an unprecedented system performance that matches the requirements of mainstream real-life spectroscopy. We will explore coherent optical detection techniques for sensitivity enhancement, microporous coatings for on-chip gas sensing and implant-oriented tissue spectroscopy. Our research will lead to a paradigm shift in laser spectroscopy, in the sense that it will turn an advanced spectroscopy system into a small form-factor commodity system. This will have an enormous impact on applications such as point-of-care medical diagnosis and medical implants, monitoring of air, water and food quality. Furthermore the on-chip spectroscopy systems will be highly valuable for fundamental research.

Keywords: silicon photonics,laser spectroscopy,environmental monitoring,health care
Multidimensional laser frequency comb spectroscopy of molecules (MULTICOMB)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2389400.0
EU funding (EUR): 2389400.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The advent of laser frequency combs a decade ago has revolutionized optical frequency metrology. Such combs have become enabling tools for a growing tree of applications, from optical atomic clocks to attosecond science. Recently, the millions of precisely controlled laser comb lines produced with a train of ultrashort laser pulses have been harnessed for highly multiplexed molecular spectroscopy. Fourier multi-heterodyne spectroscopy with frequency combs is emerging as a powerful new spectroscopic tool. Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy with two frequency combs just demonstrated a dramatically improved sensitivity, compared to conventional Fourier spectroscopy, with recording times shortened from seconds to microseconds. Such capabilities open exciting opportunities for instantaneous trace gas analysis, time-resolved spectroscopy of short-lived molecular species, precision spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging. Moreover, since frequency combs involve intense ultrashort laser pulses, nonlinear interactions can be harnessed, such as saturation or coherent transient phenomena including photon echoes, in analogy to multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Envisioned applications range from optical labeling for the simplification and disentanglement of complex spectra to coherent control for the selective microscopic imaging of unlabeled biomolecules. Such new spectroscopic methods will be initially explored with state-of-the-art frequency comb sources, based on femtosecond fiber lasers and nonlinear conversion. Novel compact and reliable spectroscopic instruments with unprecedented capabilities will become possible with frequency comb generators based on cascaded four wave mixing in toroidal micro-resonators.

Keywords: laser frequency comb,fourier transform spectroscopy,molecular spectroscopy,multi-heterodyne spectroscopy
Events, Causality and Symmetry-the next-generation semantics (ECSYM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2347998.8
EU funding (EUR): 2347998.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Headed by Principal Investigator Glynn Winskel, the project ECSYM assembles a world-leading team of theoretical computer scientists and mathematicians. Their goal: to build the next-generation semantics---a new mathematical foundation with which to understand and analyze computation of the complexity we begin to see today. The proposal arises in answer to the anomalies found in today's theories of computation and to the commonality and need for shared techniques becoming apparent across a range of seemingly disparate areas, through security protocols, systems biology, model checking, computational games, types and proof.The evidence points to a new intensional semantics, one in which the current distinctions between operational and denotational semantics disappear. It leads to the project ECSYM (Events, Causality and SYMmetry). The project marries the vision of Scott and Strachey, who sought a comprehensive semantics of computation, with Petri's analysis of computation, as emergent from local causal structure between basic events. A key insight is the increased expressivity a treatment of behavioural symmetry brings to causal models, to the types, processes, operations and applications they can support.

Keywords: semantics,logic,category theory
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Flavor and Dark Matter: One Solution for Three Mysteries (DAMESYFLA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100224, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1439400.0
EU funding (EUR): 1439400.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In the next five years, experiments will give us a unique opportunity to unravel the mysteries of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Flavor and Dark Matter. The LHC at CERN will push the Energy frontier well into the TeV region and shed light on electroweak symmetry breaking. The LHCb experiment, super-B factories and other dedicated experiments, also in the lepton sector, will push forward the Intensity frontier and test the Standard Model description of flavor and CP violation with unprecedented accuracy. Earth- and space-based experiments will push forward the Astroparticle frontier, in particular direct and indirect searches for Dark Matter. My goal is to identify a coherent explanation of the three mysteries, as complete and as unique as possible, by combining the vast information coming from the Energy, Intensity and Astroparticle frontiers. This requires a global strategy, making use of highly qualified competences in the relevant branches of theory and phenomenology. I will put together some of the leading particle theorists operating in SISSA, Padua and Rome into a unique and extraordinarily strong team. The variety of competences, ranging from phenomenological fits and data interpretation to unified models and fundamental theories, will be used to interpret the results coming from a wide range of experiments and to formulate a coherent framework to account for them. With the essential contribution of the researchers paid on the project funds, the project will catalyze results going much beyond what the team members could individually achieve. The main support requested to the ERC is for hiring six experienced researchers, the rest of the funds are for optimizing the effectiveness of the team and the research environment.

Keywords: theories beyond the standard model,particle phenomenology,collider physics,flavor physics,electroweak theory,supersymmetry,dark matter
Categorification in Representation Theory (CAT REPTH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The subject of representation theory originally arose from the study of symmetries on certain spaces. It has long been known that many two-dimensional geometric phenomena have algebraic explanations via the subject of representation theory. In the last fifteen years it has been conjectured that analogous explanations for problems ins three-dimensional geometry should raise from introducing so-called higher symmetries, giving rise to the subject of 2-representation theory, or categorification. This is the newly developing research area where this proposal is situated. The proposal has two main objectives: In her previous Marie Curie fellowship the applicant and her co-author have made significant progress on the representation theory of general linear groups over a field of positive characteristic by developing higher categorical methods to iteratively generate categories of representation for the general linear group of rank two. This yields very strong results on the categories of representations in this case, such as e.g. multi-gradings and braid group actions on their derived categories. The first aim of this proposal is to generalise these concepts to general linear groups of larger rank. The second objective investigates affine Hecke algebras, the applicant's main area of expertise prior to her Marie Curie fellowship, in the context of categorification. It applies newly developed concepts to algebras defined by Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier and Varagnolo-Vasserot, which are known to have very similar representation theory to affine Hecke algebras of different types. The goal of this part of the project is to gain a thorough understanding of the homological structures of these algebras.

Keywords: algebra
Unfolding the Evolution of Planetary Systems (PLANES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Most of the exoplanets discovered to date orbit solar mass main-sequence stars. Essential to the detection and characterization of extrasolar planets is the knowledge of planetary systems around as many diverse stars as possible. In this context, surveys are now targeting planets around stars that have evolved off the Main Sequence, because, so far, it is one of the few means we have of directly determining the influence of the stellar mass on the planet formation mechanism. With searches of planets around evolved pulsating B sub-dwarfs, red giant stars, and white dwarfs underway, it is paramount to advance theoretical research in how stellar evolution affects the architecture of planetary systems. With this project we aim to determine: (i) accurate orbital ranges where planets are expected to be found around evolved stars, (ii) the minimum masses for the survival of planets inside the stellar envelope of evolved stars, and (iii) the effects of sub-stellar objects on the common envelope evolution. The main goals of the program are to provide the theoretical framework to understand first how stellar evolution influences planet survival and second how planets affect the evolution of stars.

Keywords: astrophysics,planets,stellar evolution
Equilibrium Rejection of a Mechanism (MECHANISM REJECTION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-02-01
End date: 2013-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 50000.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this research project is studying mechanism design problems, where rejection of the mechanism does not end the strategic interaction between the potential participants. These post-rejection interactions will be modeled as a "default game" which accepts the potential participants of the mechanism as its "players." The existence of this default game has significant effects on mechanism design. How the potential participants would act in the default game after a possible rejection of the mechanism depends on what they have learned about each other during the negotiation of the mechanism. With her choice of the mechanism, the designer regulates the extent of the information to be revealed when this mechanism is rejected. In other words, by offering a mechanism, the designer also determines the nature of the alternative to follow after a possible failure of this mechanism. The preliminary results of the project suggest that the designer may deliberately offer a mechanism which has the potential to be rejected so that the act of rejection carries relevant information about the "rejecter." This is in contrast to the standard design setup, where a designer can achieve any feasible goal through mechanisms that are always accepted unanimously. The possibility that the designer may achieve some outcomes only by rejection of her mechanism presents a difficulty in the characterization of what is feasible for the designer. The proposed research aims to develop in the following two directions to overcome this setback: i) Establishing sufficient conditions on the default game under which the rejection of a mechanism is not desirable for the designer. ii) Suggesting a new definition for the term "mechanism" which incorporates the negotiation process that often follows the announcement of the mechanism.

Keywords: economic theory,microeconomics,game theory,contract theory,economics of information,cartel agreements,mergers and acquisitions
An exploration into the role of microRNAs in innate immune signaling (MICROINNATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (ERC-2010-AdG_20100317, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2480586.8
EU funding (EUR): 2480586.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity. This is very much a frontier area since little is known about miRNA function in vivo, and there is still much discovery to be done. Their emerging functions indicate that they are as potent as cytokines in immunoregulation. We have found that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is potently modulated by 2 particular miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-107. The programme will have 4 aspects which will build on this initial observation. 1. Extension of our observations on miR-21 and TLR signaling. We found that the translational repressor PDCD4 is a key target. We will study miR-21-deficient mice, construct a mouse model where the miR-21 seed sequence in the 3'UTR of PDCD4 is altered, and target miR-21 in vivo using antagomirs. We will also determine the mRNAs regulated by PDCD4 and examine the role of mTOR in PDCD4 control since PDCD4 is a possible substrate. 2. Examination of the role of miR-107 in TLR signaling. TLRs dramatically decrease it¿s expression. We have found that miR-107 has an inhibitory role in TNF secretion via the targeting of CDK6. Activation of PPAR-alpha increases expression of miR107, which could be part of the anti-inflammatory effect of PPAR-alpha ligands. We will explore miR-107-deficient mice and in vitro models of miR-107 function. 3. Exploring the targeting of miR-155 by IL10, which we have recently found. The miR-155 target SHIP1 may be important in this system. We will analyze this process in detail and determine other targets for miR-155 in IL10 action. 4. Perform a screen for novel regulators of the aforementioned miRNAs and screen for miRNAs as regulators of other innate immune pathways, including Nalp3 and RIG-I, about which little is known. These experiments will yield new insights and components The focus is the complex role miRNAs are playing in innate immunity and inflammation.

Keywords: toll-like receptors micrornas
Demonstration of innovating parabolic solar trough using an alternative heat transfer fluid producing electricity and fresh water: ARChimede Hot Energy TYPology Enhanced Water Solar 550 (ARCHETYPE SW550)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Renewable electricity generation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Germany,Spain,Poland
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2010-2, 2010)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 54124136.8
EU funding (EUR): 29697930.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

ARCHETYPE SW550 will design, build and operate the World’s first industrial size Concentrated Power & Fresh Water Plant based on parabolic trough technology. It will efficiently integrate in a single plant the direct molten salt solar field, a twin tank storage system with a dedicated power block, a fresh water production unit and hybridization biomass system plant. It aims at demonstrating the performances of the World’s first direct molten salt CSP stand alone plant where the inlet turbine temperature is 530°C and molten salts are used directly into the solar trough collectors fully integrating the production of electricity, fresh water and integration with niomass. ARCHETYPE SW550 will also design and develop the innovative key components which will allow to improve the overall efficiency of the plant and to reduce the costs. Performances, costs of operation and life-cycle of components of the integrated fresh water system will be monitored and analyzed to demonstrate the improvements on the thermodynamic cycle. All participants are strongly interested in developing ARCHETYPE SW550 for which relevant commitments and permits are already in place. EGP has a strong experience in design and implementation of industrial power plant expecially in renewable, through respectively expertise of company ENEL Innovation and Engineering. LEC expected from ARCHETYPE SW550 should be 0.21 €/kWh; during the operation the values of energy production and the cost of operation will be constantly monitored to verify the LEC. Fresh water production costs will benefit from the integration with the solar fed thermal cycle, thus achieving a monitored advantage in comparison with currently available technologies. Finally, ARCHETYPE SW550 will spread demonstration results all around the Mediterranean areas, potentially connectible to EU’s grid and where power and fresh water are needed, in order to foster diffusion of CSP coupled with fresh water production and to allow a faster spreading of this technology.

Keywords: multipurpose,innovative,electricity,fresh water,direct molten salts