Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Neanderthal and modern human subsistence practices across Europe 50,000-40,000 years ago: an interdisciplinary approach to micro-scale taphonomy and BACterial bioerosion on BONE. (BACBONE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-02-01
End date: 2024-06-24
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 224933.76
EU funding (EUR): 224933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The role of behavioural differences in the replacement of Neanderthals by modern humans remains a fundamental issue in human evolution. While recent archaeological and genetic studies have challenged ideas of Neanderthal behavioural inferiority, up-to-date assessments of differences in subsistence behaviour are still sparse. BACBONE fills this gap with a unique, interdisciplinary approach to bone taphonomy and subsistence practices 50,000-40,000 years ago, a time when both Neanderthals and modern humans were present in Europe. Subsistence reconstructions typically focus on larger, identifiable animal bone fragments and visible surface modifications. BACBONE combines, for the first time, a focus on the small bone fraction, now identifiable through Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), with the microscopic study of alterations to bone inner structures (histotaphonomy). This approach provides unique insights into patterns of carcass deposition and processing and has three objectives. First, forensic experiments and a reference database will provide essential background on micro-scale taphonomy. Second, histotaphonomic alterations will be mapped across key Neanderthal and early modern human assemblages from France and Bulgaria, combining the high through-put capacity of microtomography (micro-CT, virtual histology) with hard tissue histology. Third, interdisciplinary dataset integration will test for differences in Neanderthal and modern human subsistence practices at an assemblage and broader European scale. BACBONE will significantly advance methods in Palaeolithic archaeology and form the core of a new research programme at the interface between archaeology, biological anthropology and forensic science. Necessary training and expertise are exclusively available at the University of Kent (UK) and BACBONE will add competitiveness to European research, forging new transnational collaborations and establishing innovative, multi-methodological research excellence.

Keywords: palaeolithic archaeology,neanderthals,zooarchaeology,micro ct scanning,histology,taphonomy
New chemical building blocks for de-icing and anti-icing of car windows (PRicelessCOAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC-Proof of Concept (ERC-2017-PoC, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2019-10-31
Duration (months): 22.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Ice accretion of car windshields is a road safety concern in fall and wintertime as frost impairs the vision of drivers that do not sufficiently de-ice their car windshields, which may cause serious road accidents. Windshield washer fluids are crucially important for rapid car windshield de-icing which is most efficient through a combination of thermal, mechanical, and chemical action; i.e., local heating, scraping, and the application of appropriate windshield washer fluids. At present, windshield washer fluids rely solely on colligative antifreezes. The current formulations are (highly) flammable which requires precautionary measures in stores and cars, and the ethanol used is derived from sugarcane which is a valuable food resource. The challenge is to develop a commercially viable solution to replace these colligative antifreezes by an innovative screenwash formulation that is highly effective, but not flammable, does not present a health risk, and does not use food resources. In ‘PRicelessCOAT’ scientists will develop new biocompatible and biodegradable chemical building blocks for de-icing and anti-icing of car windows.

Keywords: physical chemistry,protein polymer,polymeric material,macromolecular chemistry,colloid chemistry,soft materials,interface science,antifreeze protein
Elucidating the gene exchange networks of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical sewage microbiomes (ARCS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Antibiotics are essential for treating bacterial infections. However, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has spread among pathogenic bacteria, leading to therapy failure or deaths of patients. Due to their association with promiscuous mobile genetic elements, clinically important antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can spread rapidly among diverse bacteria through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Due to HGT, identifying the microbial hosts of the ARGs in an ecosystem is a challenge. Importantly, it has been shown that ARGS can spread from human gut commensals to clinical pathogens and vice versa. Wastewater from clinical sources can importantly select for HGT of ARGs between different microbes, as both antibiotics and ARGs are present at high levels. The aim of this project - "ARCS" (Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Sewage microbiomes), is to reveal the ARGs exchange networks in clinical sewage microbiomes. The research objectives are: 1) Link ARGs to microbial hosts by using novel culture-independent methods based on DNA high-throughput sequencing. 2) Link ARGs to mobile genetic elements by isolating, sequencing, and characterizing the genomes of the identified hosts of ARGs. 3) Evaluate whether the isolates can transfer their ARGs to clinical pathogens using conjugation assays. ARGS will thus lead to a step-change in our understanding of HGT of ARGs in complex microbial ecosystems. The Fellow Dr. Lisandra Zepeda's expertise in generating and analysing DNA sequencing data and the host Prof. Willem van Schaik's international leadership in AMR ensure a successful completion of ARCS and a favourable knowledge transfer for both parties. Furthermore, the supportive environment of the University of Birmingham ensures the accomplishment of the Fellow's training in crucial areas such as microbial DNA capture sequencing, microbiology laboratory techniques, and mentoring skills. Thus, ARCS will enable Dr. Zepeda to realise her career goal of becoming a research group leader.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance,metagenomics,genomics,microbiology,clinical sewage microbiome,horizontal gene transfer,antibiotic resistance gene,clinical pathogen
Chemical Control of Vibronic Coupling for Magnetic Materials (ContraVib)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Panel description: Analytical chemistry, chemical theory, physical chemistry/chemical physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-07-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1945994.0
EU funding (EUR): 1945994.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The applicant has an outstanding track record and a growing international reputation as an independent early-career researcher. This StG proposal combines computational and experimental themes in an integrated project, and will open a new research field of vibronic control. Coupling of molecular vibrations to electronic states (vibronic coupling) is a fundamental process that affects the outcome of chemical reactions and physical processes, but it is remarkable how little we know about it. For example, it is thought to be central in the photosynthetic process, it is implicated in catalysis, and it is crucial in the operation of single-molecule magnets and molecular qubits, but we currently have no means to control it. Recently I showed that four localised vibrations are responsible for magnetic relaxation in a high-performance single-molecule magnet (Nature, 2017, 548, 439); this exciting preliminary result demonstrates that chemical control of vibronic coupling is possible. I propose an integrated computational and experimental research programme to determine general rules for controlling this phenomenon, facilitating targeted improvements in functional molecular materials. This will be achieved by building a computational framework for calculation of vibronic coupling, accounting for anharmonicity, delocalised modes, environmental influences, and quantum effects, and supported by detailed benchmarking experiments measuring magnetisation dynamics, electronic structure and vibrational spectra of selected molecules. A StG will provide funding to build a world-leading team to investigate chemical control of vibronic coupling. This will enable design criteria for high-performance magnetic memories and qubits within the time-frame of the project, and improved catalysts and optical materials in the near future, addressing priority areas in Horizon2020 and the Quantum Flagship, and provide a cohort of curious, high-calibre and inter-disciplinary scientists for the EU.
We enable safe and smarter urban transportation with laser imaging of surroundings, avoiding collisions with pedestrians and enabling autonomous navigation. Our single chip implementation delivers (F3D-Fastsight-PoC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Switzerland,Netherlands
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2018-06-01
End date: 2018-10-31
Duration (months): 5.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

We aim at introducing novel 3D imaging sensors for spatial awareness in urban driving environments. No industrial scale technology is ready and cost-effective to detect pedestrians, cyclists who still are victims of the highest number of injuries and casualties. We will bring a breakthrough price/performance that enable ubiquitous deployment in the cheapest vehicle and urban infrastructure. Our single-chip directly measures distance of surrounding obstacles nearby in real-time, allowing to avoid collision, navigation, and ultimately providing awareness of the situations for task-automation. Our product is a flash Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) camera-module. It is composed of an illumination source, a detector, and all the necessary electronics to orchestrate the camera operation and pre-processing. We have developed large photo-detectors in consumer electronics and operate in a similar way to a camera. The proposal aims at initiating the market introduction while we are still performing the last phases of R&D. The approach is to evaluate the appropriate joint development opportunities with one of the European automotive industry players that we have approached and validate the specification and target use cases. At the end of the 6-month project we should have validated specifications, development steps and at least a Memorandum of Understanding for such cooperation. We have already validated the concept, protected the technology with 14 patents, delivered several engineering projects worldwide and believe that the project, while challenging, has a breakthrough potential. We have preliminary support from semi-conductor, photonics an automotive players.

Keywords: lidar,adas,machine vision,autonomous vehicle,safety,photodetectors,cmos
Quality of Service for the Internet of Things in Smart Cities via Predictive Networks (QoSIoTSmartCities)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2021-10-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 145355.52
EU funding (EUR): 145355.52
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is to enable the delivery of Quality of Service (QoS) for the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart cities. 50 billion devices are expected to be connected to the Internet by 2020. In order to achieve high end-to-end QoS for IoT in smart cities, the problems of scalability, latency, reliability, energy efficiency and mobility must be solved jointly. The specific objectives of this project are (1) to develop forecasting algorithms in order to predict IoT traffic on the Internet, (2) to develop predictive QoS optimization algorithms targeted at IoT, and (3) to build a scalable network simulation of IoT devices in a representative smart city model in order to estimate the end-to-end latency, reliability, energy-efficiency for a section of a city-wide network that includes mobile IoT devices. The results of the project are expected to impact the development of IoT standards in regard to the incorporation of forecasting-based methods to wireless network planning and development. The long-term impact of the project beyond IoT is expected to be the incorporation of forecasting-based methods into all layers of the protocol stack for wireless networks.

Keywords: internet of things iot,network protocols,machine to machine m2m communication
Power in international trade negotiations (TRADEPOWER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Austria
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-07-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1705833.0
EU funding (EUR): 1705833.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

For the last twenty years, countries across the globe have negotiated a large number of preferential trade agreements. In parallel, trade negotiations have taken place in the framework of the World Trade Organization. These negotiations not only deal with tariffs, but also cover investments, competition policy, labour standards and much more. With much at stake, the extent to which different countries are able to achieve their preferred outcomes in these negotiations is of broad interest. In this project, I address this topic by asking: what makes some countries have more bargaining power than others in these negotiations? In other words, what explains variation in bargaining power in trade negotiations? My approach to these questions is ground-breaking in terms of theory, empirical research and methodology: 1.) I develop an original theoretical argument that links the globalization of production to bargaining power in trade negotiations. Concretely, I argue that the offshoring of production reduces the importance of market size in trade negotiations. The argument leads to the expectation of systematic variation in bargaining power over time, and across pairs of countries and sectors. 2.) I will collect novel and systematic data to test this argument, going far beyond the empirical evidence currently used to assess bargaining power in trade negotiations. The empirical research will bring together qualitative evidence from case studies with quantitative evidence on both the perception of power and the actual outcomes of trade negotiations. 3.) I will innovate methodologically by combining and comparing three approaches to measuring bargaining power, namely process tracing, attributed influence and preference attainment. The project will make a key contribution not only to the literature on bargaining power in international trade negotiations, but also to research on, e.g., international development, international institutions and the political economy of trade.

Keywords: trade negotiations,bargaining power,preferential trade agreements
Role of S-Nitrosylation of epigenetic modifiers in vascular regeneration (NEMoCuRe)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This MSCA-IF describes a career development plan to prepare Dr. Matrone to become an independent investigator. This program builds on Dr. Matrone’s background as a talented biologist in cardiovascular regeneration and will provide him with the skills to decipher the mechanisms of S-Nitrosylation of epigenetic modifiers during tissue regeneration in zebrafish (Danio rerio). These studies will lay the foundations for future studies that will be carried out by Dr. Matrone as an independent investigator. The project will be carried out at the Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences at the University of Edinburgh. Dr. Matrone’s mentor is Dr. Martin Denvir, Reader in Cardiology. Dr. Denvir is an excellent mentor with extensive experience in cardiovascular disease. The MSCA-IF will consist of structured mentorship, formal coursework, a provocative research project and a program of career transition. Dr. Matrone’s research proposal is based on supportive preliminary data. Changes in S-nitrosylation of epigenetic modifiers in response to injury will be assessed in nuclear proteins extracts from injured tissues and identified by mass spec-proteomic analyses. The most interesting and novel epigenetic modifiers will be further studied in vascular development and regeneration following laser injury in the dorsal aorta. Candidate proteins will be knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 or knocked down by morpholinos and will be mutated by site-specific mutagenesis. Furthermore, Dr. Matrone will assess the role of the innate immune system and iNOS in S-nitrosylation of nuclear proteins (e.g. epigenetic modifiers). He will confirm and refine his preliminary data showing that the innate immune system and iNOS trigger tissue regeneration. He will pharmacologically and genetically modulate TLR3, NFkB and iNOS and will take advantage of transgenic lines to track changes in the immune system activation in situ. These studies may provide insights toward novel strategies for tissue regeneration in humans.

Keywords: s nitrosylation,inos,nfkb,epigenome,injury,regeneration,zebrafish
Supporting new Opportunities for Waste Heat And cold valorisation Towards EU decarbonization (SO WHAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Reducing energy consumption and carbon foorpint by smart and sustainable use
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Spain,Spain,Spain,Ireland,Italy,Sweden,Sweden,Belgium,Romania,Sweden,Belgium,France,Portugal,United Kingdom,Portugal,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Business case for industrial waste heat/cold recovery (H2020-LC-SC3-EE-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2022-11-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4195357.5
EU funding (EUR): 3397497.38
Participants: 22
Project status: SIGNED

SO WHAT main objective is to develop and demonstrate at TRL8 an integrated software which will support industries and energy utilities in selecting, simulating and comparing alternative Waste Heat and Waste Cold (WH/C) exploitation technologies that could cost-effectively balance the local forecasted H&C demand also via RES integration. The SO WHAT integrated tool will be designed to support industries, and energy utilities in 1) auditing the industrial process to understand where WH/WC could be valorised 2) mapping the potential of locally available RES sources to be integrated with WH/WC potential 3) mapping the local forecasted demand for heating and cooling 4) define and simulate alternative cost-effective scenarios based on WH/WC technologies also leveraging TES introduction 5) evaluate the impacts (in terms of energetic, economic and environmental KPIs) that the adoption of the new scenarios will generate against the current situation (i.e., baseline) both at industrial and local level 6) promoting innovative contractual arrangements and financing models to guarantee economically viable solutions and less risky investments. To do so SO WHAT will capitalize already existing tool and knowledge from previous research experiences (REEMAIN, PLANHEAT, REUSEHEAT, CELSIUS…) and the expertise of 11 industrial validation sites from different REII/ non-REII sectors (petrochemical, chemical, metallurgic, food etc.) that will be involved in the project to validate the tool and provide relevant insights for its development. SOWHAT tool will be built indeed following a participatory approach involving both National clusters from Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Sweden, Romania (composed by local industries, public authorities/energy agencies, energy utilities/ESCOs) and external stakeholder since the very beginning of the development in order to have a wide, clear and structured promotion of WH/C also thanks to a robust training campaign and policy oriented dissemination actions.

Keywords: waste heat,waste cold,renewable,termal storage,industrial energy audit,smart contracts