Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Large-scale Agent-Based models to the DATA. Structural estimation for improved policy making. (LAB2DATA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-08-04
End date: 2016-08-03
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The financial crisis has highlighted many shortcomings of conventional macro models. Agent-based (AB) models are considered a promising alternative and -thanks also to some important projects financed by the European Commission- Europe is on the frontier of research in the field. However, AB models are rarely taken to the data, but for some ad hoc calibration. Until estimation of AB models become a common practice, they will not get to the center stage of macroeconomics, and policy makers will not rely on them for guidance. The ultimate goal of LAB2DATA is to investigate the most suitable methods for estimating large-scale AB models. To reach this goal the scholar first needs to focus on the specificities of AB models which make estimation hard. These relate to the fact that the aggregate properties of an AB model remain hidden in the complexity of the relations among the different agents and layers (micro and macro) of the system and cannot be directly exploited for estimation. Then, the scholar needs to focus on the most promising approaches. One is simulated minimum distance (SMD). This has been applied to some small-scale AB models, with few parameters. Another one is sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, also known as particle filtering, which is applied -in simplified settings- in DSGE models. A first research goal of the project is the application of SMD to larger scale models. A relevant issue here is the ergodicity of the simulation model, which has to be tested in the artificial data generated by the model. A second research goal is the application of SMC methods, which provide probabilistic assessments of the likely evolution of the system and do not rely on ergodicity. As AB models share in many respects the same mathematical structure and complexity of atmospheric models, and these are estimated by SMC methods, the scholar will look at this literature for guidance. A final research goal involves the comparison of the two approaches.

Keywords: structural estimation,agent-based models,microfoundations,simulated minimum distance,sequential monte carlo,particle filters,dsge
Operator algebras and single operators via dynamical properties of dual objects (OPERADYNADUAL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2016-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 308587.8
EU funding (EUR): 308587.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project lies at the intersection of operator algebras, operator theory and dynamical systems, with elements of experimental mathematics and applications to noncommutative structures, completely positive dynamics, spectral analysis of functional operators, and potentially to the theory of functional-differential equations and quantum physics. It is centered around a development of an innovative powerful mathematical apparatus based on a construction of objects (of both dynamical and combinatorial nature) dual to semigroups of C*-correspondences over generically noncommutative algebras. This will allow a detailed analysis, of vast class of objects defined in terms of generators and relations, inaccessible through the existing methods. This specifically concerns algebras arising recently in connection with number and ring theory, thermodynamical phenomena, quantum spaces, quantum field theory and many more. The envisaged applications are broadly related to the analysis of quantum structures and evolutions of systems modeling complicated physical processes containing both dynamical contributory factors and interaction with outer media, e.g. the process of motion and transformation of particles. The asymptotic and ergodic properties of such systems are described by spectral properties of the appropriate operators. A substantial contribution to the theory of the latter on the basis of the elaborated general results and scientific computing is expected to be achieved. The project will integrate the fellow with an excellent Scandinavian scientific network of world leaders in crossing the boundaries between operator algebras and other fields. It will also allow cooperation with a number of visiting experts from outside the ERA. The research outputs and developed innovative methods of analysis will bring to the ERA a unique expertise of great impact and scientific value, with a wide range of potential interdisciplinary applications.

Keywords: product system,c*-correspondence,cuntz-pimsner algebra,quantum space,topological freeness,completely positive map,functional operator,transfer operator,spectrum,variational principle
Negotiating Spain: The shifting boundaries between 'nation', 'nationality' and 'region' (NEGOTIATINGSPAIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, 2013)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 230036.6
EU funding (EUR): 230036.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

NEGOTIATINGSPAIN focuses on the actual negotiation of shifting political boundaries. The case is the negotiation between the Spanish nation-state and the sub-state regional level since 1979. These processes are not unique to Spain; other European countries as Belgium and Great Britain also witness processes of shifting legitimacy and sovereignty between state and regional level. The probability of one of these processes ending with the independence of one of its regions is significantly higher now than it as just a few years back. These processes therefore carry a high potential for instability and can possibly have wide-ranging effects not just on the country in question but also on the European Union as a whole. It is the ambitious aim of this project to advance the understanding of these processes and thus potentially improve the governance of EU memberstates and the EU. This will be achieved by multidisciplinary research focused on the Spanish constitutionally settled decentralisation process that integrates social sciences and humanities research. The multidisciplinarity results from the unique combination of my competencies as historian and philologist and those of the host-institution, in particular the scientist in charge, in political sociology. Due to Spain’s open-ended constitutional settlement and 30+ years of development, the country represents a particularly interesting case since the shifting boundary can be investigated over time. Analysing the parliamentary proceedings surrounding the negotiation processes of the Statutes of Autonomy by means of computer-assisted qualitative analysis of text and by means of a history of concepts approach I advance the understanding of the processes behind the shifting legitimacy and sovereignty in the Spanish case. The cross European relevance and applicability of the study will be secured by an Advisory Board, through a number of deliverables and through networking and dissemination activities aimed at this.

Keywords: political systems,shifting legitimacy,governance,self-government,independence movements
Optomechanical entanglement and teleportation (OMENT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174344.8
EU funding (EUR): 174344.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The control of microscopic physical systems has been demonstrated successfully in numerous experiments, in particular in the field of quantum optics. A current endeavor is to achieve this level of quantum-mechanical control also in the macroscopic domain. Promising systems for this purpose are mechanical oscillators. Quantum-controlled mechanical oscillators would enable fascinating tasks: to study fundamental physics in a completely new parameter regime, to perform quantum information processing on a macroscopic scale and to design ultra-sensitive, quantum-limited measurement devices. The goal of this research proposal is to demonstrate quantum-control of a micrometer-sized mechanical oscillator and to utilize it for a crucial quantum information application: teleportation. Optomechanical oscillators are used for this purpose, which constitute mechanical oscillators coupled to light. These devices exploit the precise control one has achieved over the quantum states of light in order to perform the required control of the mechanical oscillator. The first objective of this research project aims at preparing low-entropy mechanical states such as the ground state of an optomechanical oscillator. Based on the latter, the next objective is to create and verify entangled optomechanical states. Entangled states only appear in quantum mechanics and are the resource in numerous quantum information applications, which outperform by far some classical tasks. For the final objective, the created optomechanical entanglement is utilized for teleportation. The teleportation protocol will open the door to the preparation of a variety of mechanical quantum states by choosing suitable input light states. These objectives will assign mechanical oscillators to the quantum-controlled physical systems. The Marie Curie IEF will give Dr. Wieczorek the opportunity to undertake this ambitious research project in the renowned research group of Prof. Aspelmeyer in Vienna, Austria.

Keywords: quantum mechanics,experimental physics,quantum optics,quantum information,optomechanics
Proteolipidomic characterization of the regulatory circuitry of global lipid metabolism (PROTEOLIPIDOMICS1)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 220590.4
EU funding (EUR): 220590.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The lipidome of eukaryotic cells consists of hundreds to thousands of lipid species that constitute membranes, store metabolic energy and function as bioactive molecules. The physiological importance of lipid complexity is demonstrated by numerous diseases with inherent perturbations of lipid homeostasis including obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. How lipid complexity affects cell homeostasis and how cells regulate lipid metabolism on a lipidome-wide level remain unclear. The regulatory capacity of post-translational modifications in lipid metabolism is scarcely known, but an increasing body of evidence supports the premise that lipid enzyme activity can be dynamically regulated by protein phosphorylation. The main aim of this project is to functionally map the phosphorylation-dependent regulatory network of global lipid metabolism. To this end, we will develop a mass spectrometry-based proteolipidomics strategy for the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This platform will be designed for parallel quantitative analysis of lipid flux and the phosphorylation state of virtually all lipid enzymes and the kinases, phosphatases, and accessory regulatory factors involved in the cellular signalling networks. S. cerevisiae uses a relatively simple and conserved network of lipid metabolic pathways and is amenable to genetic manipulation and biochemical analyses, which make it a prime model organism for this study. This systems-level approach will enable us to (i) build a comprehensive regulatory map of global lipid metabolic networks, and (ii) delineate the dynamic regulation of lipid metabolism in key cellular events (e.g. cell division). Moreover, this work will help unravel the molecular design of conserved regulatory pathways of lipid metabolism and serve as a fundament for establishing analytical strategies applicable to studies in higher eukaryotes.

Keywords: quantitative proteomics,phosphoproteomics,lipidomics,lipid metabolism,yeast,mass spectrometry
Nonlinear spectroscopy with high power THz waves (HINTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-07-05
End date: 2013-07-04
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 246905.0
EU funding (EUR): 246905.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The characteristic energy of many fundamental processes in molecules and condensed matter lies in the terahertz (THz) frequency range; examples include biologically important collective vibrations of proteins, crystal lattice resonance oscillations, electron transitions in semiconductor nanostructures, and Cooper pairs formation in superconductors. Nonlinear THz spectroscopy can provide new information about these processes. However, very few studies on nonlinear THz spectroscopy have been published to date, in contrast to the large number of studies on nonlinear spectroscopy in the visible range. One of the main reasons limiting the development of nonlinear THz spectroscopy is the lack of available sources of high-power THz radiation. Many previous studies on THz nonlinear spectroscopy have been performed using accelerator-based sources. However, these sources present the typical drawbacks associated with large-scale facilities. A few laser-driven table-top THz generation techniques have been proposed and realized. Usually the power of the THz waves delivered this way is relatively weak. Since 2003, I have actively worked on the development of the tilted-pulse-front pumping THz generation scheme originally proposed by J. Hebling in 2002. This method allows to efficiently scaling up the energy of single-cycle THz pulse. Very recently, in two joint experiments with the host group, I have demonstrated the generation of the highest energy single-cycle THz pulses to date produced with a laser-based approach. As a continuation of this preliminary demonstration, during this project I plan to exploit the unique high-power laser facility of the host group and develop a permanent laser-driven platform for obtaining high power ultrashort THz pulses with variable parameters for performing nonlinear spectroscopy in the THz frequency range. In particular, I intend to study THz nonlinear properties of new metamaterials and nonlinear interaction of THz waves and laser filaments.

Keywords: physical sciences,optics,solid state physics,terahertz waves,femtosecond lasers,terawatt lasers,nonlinear optics,optical rectification,nonlinear spectroscopy,metamaterials,laser filaments
Molecular biology of cell wall regeneration in L-form bacteria (REGENERATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-02
End date: 2013-05-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201049.6
EU funding (EUR): 201049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cell wall deficient (L-form) bacteria are thought to be important in various resistant, persistent or chronic infections. L-form cells are highly abnormal in size and shape and are sensitive to osmotic shock but highly resistant to antibiotics that work on the cell wall (e.g. penicillins and cephalosporins). How these unusual cells arise and how they proliferate in the absence of a wall, is poorly understood. The Errington lab recently developed a model system for studying this long standing problem in the tractable model bacterium Bacillus subtilis. A key element of L-form biology that awaits further investigation lies in how these cells revert to the walled state. This reversion or regeneration requires the resumption of cell wall synthesis and the reacquisition of the normal regular rod cell shape. Regeneration is presumably important for the resumption of disease in patients with persistent or recurrent infections. Therefore, blocking regeneration might offer a way of dealing with problem infections. A better understanding of the mechanisms of regeneration might also be important for various biotechnological applications. The aims of this proposal are as follows. First, to use state of the art imaging methods to characterise the poorly understood regeneration process. Second, to attempt to identify mutations that prevent or enhance the rate of regeneration, and characterise the genes affected, so as to understand the process better. The genes identified might provide novel targets for drugs to target persistence. Finally to explore the extent to which regeneration of L-forms can be exploited as a novel vehicle for efficient transformation or genome transplantation processes.

Keywords: bacteria,regeneration
Metals, weapons and social change around the Adriatic and Ionian seas 2000-1000 BC: A longue durée vista on the impact of military praxis on technology, politics and communication networks (METAL WEAPONS CHANGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199549.6
EU funding (EUR): 199549.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The invention of metal weapons irrevocably changed prehistoric societies in Europe. The weapons of the hunter that could be used against man or beast were supplanted by those of the warrior – tools with a primary purpose of inflicting physical harm on other humans. This led to changes in the manner in which combat could take place, which in turn changed how communities organised themselves for war, and in particular how they provisioned warriors with the requisite equipment and training to fight effectively. Without metals, these changes could never have taken place. This project therefore seeks to explore the interrelationship between the development of metallurgy and changes in combat practice, as both were fundamental for the transformation from tribal groups to more complex societies. Case studies will be taken from the Adriatic and Ionian coasts of the Apennine and Balkan peninsulas (including Greece), and major river routeways in these regions. These have particular value as they represent interface zones between societies in Europe, Southwest Asia and North Africa. The timeframe of 2000 – 1000 BC encompasses the transition from simple metal daggers, axes and spears to complex weapon panoplies with swords, armour, helmets, lances and shields. A multidisciplinary framework that incorporates material analysis (e.g. pXRF), spatial relations (GIS), primary artefact examination and experimental research will provide new data to analyse the dynamics between metal acquisition, weapon production, combat practices and political transformation. A key outcome will be a critical understanding of how traditions of military organisation and legitimacy of violence, as well as events of war in themselves, were fundamental for shaping these communities. A further objective is to understand to what extent metals provided the catalyst for these changes and how much we may consider military requirements as forces that drove metal craft techniques forward.

Keywords: comparative archaeology,prehistory,bronze age,ancient warfare,prehistoric weaponry,archaeometallurgy,balkans,italy,greece,mycenaeans,experimental archaeology,material culture,use-wear
GENE REGULATORY NETWORK CONTROLLING THE ROOT STEM CELL NICHE IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA (STEM CELL REGULATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168863.2
EU funding (EUR): 168863.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Plant stem cells are located in apical meristems at the growing tips of the shoot and the root. Signals from the neighboring organizing center within the shoot or quiescent center (QC) within the root maintain the stem cells in an undifferentiated state. The homeobox gene WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 5 (WOX5) is QC-specifically expressed and plays a central role in the control of the distal stem cells. However, the downstream factors of WOX5 and the molecular events triggered by WOX5 activity are not understood. Therefore, this project is intended to identify WOX5 primary target genes and to elucidate the roles of factors acting downstream of WOX5 in stem cell regulation. From pilot experiments, the first candidates for WOX5 target genes have been identified. I will perform a thorough transcriptome profiling of the QC, verify candidates by WOX5 protein -DNA binding studies in vivo, and by functional characterization. Furthermore, systems biology approach of the WOX5 downstream factors will be used for the construction of a regulatory network involved in stem cell niche signaling. Taken together, the proposed project will deepen the knowledge of how cell-cell communication in the stem cell niche functions.

Keywords: developmental biology,plant development,computational biology,molecular biology