Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Interspecies hydrogen transfer in the mammalian gut: how interactions between fermenters and hydrogenotrophs influence colonic homeostasis (H2Gut)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Austria
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178156.8
EU funding (EUR): 178156.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The human gut is a complex microbial bioreactor which protects the host from enteropathogens, facilitates the harvesting of nutrients and energy from undigested dietary components, stimulates healthy immune function, alters host insulin resistance, and exerts control over fat deposition and appetite. The principal duty of the bacteria in the mammalian gut is the fermentation of undigested dietary components, which results in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and H2 gas. The H2 produced by fermentation has to be disposed of very efficiently, since the buildup of H2 strongly disrupts gut function. The harmful accumulation of H2 is prevented by three groups of H2-consuming microbes - sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), acetogens, and methanogens. Thus, H2 is a critical metabolite in the gut that controls colonic fermentation and the flow of energy and carbon to the host. Yet, we do not understand the identity of the major functional producers/consumers of H2, the ecological forces that drive one or more of the H2-consuming guilds to colonize the gut, or the microbe-microbe interactions between fermenters and H2-consumers that lead to efficient H2 dispersal. The objectives of the proposed research program are to 1) determine what pathways for H2 production and consumption are actively expressed in the gut using a mouse model, 2) elucidate the identity and spatial distribution of hydrogen producers/consumers in the mouse gut at the single cell level, and 3) ) elucidate the physiological mechanisms of H2 transfer in the gut using model communities. Overall, these research actions will produce the first characterization of the microbiota community members that actively influence the hydrogen economy in the gut in-situ and how these microbe-microbe interactions control colonic fermentation.

Keywords: microbiome,hydrogen,homeostasis,mouse,inflammatory bowel disease,sulfate reducing bacteria,acetogen,methanogen
Detecting Polygenic Adaptation Targeting Gene Expression Regulation In Humans Using eQTL Networks. (PATTERNS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-04-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184707.84
EU funding (EUR): 184707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Polygenic adaptation, in which small changes in allele frequencies co-occur at multiple variants, has been proposed to be a major adaptive mechanism for complex phenotypes. Most approaches to detect polygenic adaptation consist in combining signatures of positive selection across functionally homogenous sets of genes or variants. However, few studies have looked at regulatory variants and none have accounted for the tissue-specificity of gene expression. Here, we propose to combine network biology and population genetics methods in order to detect polygenic adaptation acting on complex phenotypes through gene expression regulation. First, we will identify communities of regulatory variants that coregulate groups of genes, by representing both cis- and trans-expression quantitative trait loci as bipartite graphs. We will then search for communities enriched for signatures of weak positive selection to identify regulatory variants under polygenic adaptation. After evaluating the power of our approach using simulations, we will apply it to data from several tissues from the GTEx project. This will allow us to identify and characterise biological functions evolving under polygenic adaptation, taking into account the tissue-specificity of their expression. We thus hope to better understand the extent to which polygenic adaptation shaped the human genetic diversity and susceptibility to complex diseases. The PATTERNS project will be led by the experienced researcher (ER), who has worked on network biology during her postdoc in the USA. She will collaborate with the supervisor who is an expert in theoretical population genetics, and receive training in teaching, grant writing and management and communication. This will help the ER in her path to independence by strengthening her unique profile at the intersection of system biology and population genetics. The host institution will in turn benefit from her experience and network in the USA.

Keywords: evolution polygenic adaptation gene networks expression quantitative trait loci
Life-inspired complex molecular systems controlled by enzymatic reaction networks (Life-Inspired)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Many of the key functions typically associated with living systems, including sensing of the environment, autonomous decision making, and extracting energy and building blocks from the environment for cell growth and division, are all governed by enzymatic reaction networks. Constructing synthetic systems that capture some of these capabilities, i.e. life-inspired systems, would represent a truly disruptive development, as they challenge our notion of what differentiates living systems from synthetic, man-made devices. However, the ability create synthetic life-inspired systems remains an elusive goal. Despite impressive progress in systems chemistry, no clear engineering principles or methodologies exist for the bottom-up construction of functional complex molecular systems The translation of the design principles of living systems into programmable and functional life-inspired systems is one of the outstanding grand challenge in chemistry. The ultimate aim of this proposal is to construct life-inspired systems based on the design blueprints of living matter To achieve this aim, I propose a key breakthrough by presenting a completely new approach to functional complex systems based on programmable enzymatic reactions networks. The envisaged approach is modular and will allow for systematic increases in complexity. The core objectives of this proposal are: - establish a completely new approach to programmable enzymatic reaction networks - compartmentalize network motifs, and separate the small molecule ‘software’ from the enzyme ‘hardware’ - demonstrate modularity and increase the complexity via communication between compartments - develop robust methods to manage the maintenance of non-equilibrium conditions - design and construct complex life-inspired systems.

Keywords: out of equilibrium reaction networks,systems chemistry
ScieNcE Together (NET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European researchers' Night
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Italy,Italy,Italy
Call: European Researchers' Night (H2020-MSCA-NIGHT-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-05-04
End date: 2021-03-03
Duration (months): 10.0
Total project cost (EUR): 425608.75
EU funding (EUR): 297926.5
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of the NET project is to lay the foundation of a NETwork connecting research world and society, building a stable and empatic communication path among institutions, researchers and citizens, also thanks to the capillary physical presence of the partners in the territory, since the NET consortium is made by well-recognised public italian research and academic institutions. This network will offer a stable exchange path through which researchers can share their passion for science, their work and life with citizens, who, in turn will use the path to get the scientific viewpoint from their “informed neighbors”. Conveying this idea is the first step to build and plan a research-based society, by increasing the number of students taking up research careers. The path will be paved by using conventional and unconventional, online and offline communications tools, to reach every citizen, regardless of age, gender, cultural or economic conditions, even if particular attention will be devotaed at students and pupils. NET will bring researchers closer to the general public and increase awareness of research and innovation activities, increasing the public recognition of researchers, creating an understanding of the impact of researchers' work on citizens ́ daily life, promoting choices for a sustainable future. In fact the main theme of the project is the most relevant and global question of this millennium: the climate change, in order to give citizens information to be aware protagonists of collective political choices and correct individual behavior. NET European Researchers’ Night and related activities will take place in 16 italian cities (from North to South: Brasimone, Chioggia, La Spezia, Ozzano, Civitavecchia, Fiumicino, Frascati, Grottaminarda, Monte Porzio Catone, Rieti, Rocca di Papa, Roma, Tarquinia, Viterbo, Palermo, Portici, Trisaia) and Vulcano and Stromboli Aeolian Islands, so as to wrap the whole of Italy in the NET.

Keywords: network,public engagement,research,climate change,sustainability,awareness,environment
Adaptive Optical Dendrites (ADOPD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Spain,Germany,Spain,Germany,United States
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2879375.0
EU funding (EUR): 2818875.0
Participants: 6
Project status: SIGNED

The increased demand for computation with low energy consumption requires entirely novel hardware concepts. In ADOPD we develop ultra-fast computational units based on optical-fiber technologies exploiting information processing principles used by neurons in their dendritic trees. Dendritic processing is highly condensed, local, and parallel and it allows also for non-linear computations. These properties will first be modelled and in a second step transferred to optical systems consisting of fiber optics as well as other optical components. For the first prototype, ADOPD uses well-established single-mode fiber technology to build an optical-dendritic unit (ODU). From there, we move on to cutting-edge multi-mode fibers to obtain an all-optical second prototype of a dendritic tree with significantly higher computing power and compactness. Finally we will design computational models of networks of multiple ODUs to quantify the computational efficiency such multiple, parallel operating devices. Thus, the optical dendritic units created by ADOPD represent a novel, cutting-edge computing hardware for fast, low-power, parallel computing, with the potential to help addressing the rising demands for computation.

Keywords: biological sciences,computational neuroscience
PERformance-based Formal modelling and Optimal tRaffic Management for movING-block RAILway signalling (PERFORMINGRAIL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: European rail initiative
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: Shift2Rail (Art-187)
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Sweden,France,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Modelling of the Moving Block system specification and future architecture (TD2.3) + RAIM algorithms, Assessment Report and support for Railway Minimum Operational Performance Standards (TD2.4) (H2020-S2RJU-OC-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-12-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 31.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1335358.75
EU funding (EUR): 1335358.75
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

PERFORMINGRAIL will support the activities of the IP2 Adaptable Communications Technology Demonstrator, by helping to bring the developments as close as possible to the market but also supporting to update the regulatory framework. In accordance with the objectives of the IP2 TD2.4 Fail Safe Train Positioning (including GNSS) described in the S2R Multi Annual Action Plan (MAAP), in the field of Train Localisation (based on the use of combined technologies such as for example EGNSS, IMU, kinematics, Digital Map) the main objectives of PERFORMINGRAIL are to contribute with: ∙ Enhanced railways Fault Detection and Exclusion algorithms for addressing local feared events; ∙ Data fusion algorithms suitable for railway safe applications, ∙ EGNSS monitoring techniques based on carrier phase measurement and multi-frequency technology; ∙ To help promote the use of formal methods as a means to check safety of advanced railway operation (in accordance with IP2 TD2.7); and To provide Independent Assessment Report on the proposed technologies and solutions. The aim of PERFORMINGRAIL is to delineate through, formal modelling and optimal traffic management, a moving block railway signalling that mitigates potential hazards in the diverse market segments.

Keywords: moving block,formal method,traffic management,train localisation,simulation and test,raim,railway minimum operation performance standards
Global mobility of employees (GLOMO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Spain,Germany,Finland,Belgium,Finland,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Denmark,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Denmark
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3947612.06
EU funding (EUR): 3947612.06
Participants: 19
Project status: CLOSED

Promoting labour mobility across Europe is a central objective of the Europe 2020 Strategy and it aims to tackle increasing labour and skill shortages in the EU. Cross-border labour mobility is expected to benefit both individual citizens, employers and the aggregate economy. In addition, intra-EU mobility is a means to foster European integration. Although migration into OECD countries increases, driven largely by people moving within the EU, migration into and within Europe is still short of target levels. Despite a favourable legal framework for mobility, migrants still face a wide range of problems and obstacles that hamper cross-border labour mobility. Employment prospects for immigrants are below those of natives and overqualification, i.e. employment below skill levels, is widespread in most European countries. Consequently, the growth potential of immigrants is far from realised. Little is known about transnational mobility patterns and the length of migration episodes as well as about retention processes of foreign employees. There is considerable scope to make existing labour mobility more efficient and beneficial for all parties involved. GLOMO’s focus is on global mobility into EU countries and within the EU and its impact on careers. The policy making white papers and research suggest that the future Europe will witness even higher and more natural mobility. To assure that Europe is ready for it, our objectives are (a) to systematically generate knowledge about the mobility phenomenon and its implications (success factors, effects and added value); (b) provide trainings to (further) develop early-stage and senior researchers understanding the complex multidisciplinary phenomenon of mobility, and (c) suggest relevant implications for individuals, organisations, the European societies and economies. The joint research and training programme will be conducted within an interdisciplinary and intersectoral network of experts in the field.

Keywords: global mobility,labour mobility,migration,expatriation,innovation,audit,international career,career development,career capital,employability,well being
PAINTing the architecture of the totipotency gene network during early mammalian development (EmbryoPAINT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2022-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The three-dimensional architecture of the genome regulates its fundamental functions such as the transcription or replication of DNA. Thus, chromatin organisation is crucially important for key aspects of cell biology, such as the differentiation of stem cells in the early embryo. While recent studies have shown that the mammalian genome rearranges extensively towards a more ordered state after the first few embryonal divisions, many fundamental questions remain unanswered. For example, it is not known whether totipotent cells have a well-defined genomic architecture or whether this architecture is highly heterogeneous between different cells and embryos. Further, it is unclear if early cell fate decisions are driven by a reproducible coordinated rearrangement of pluripotency-related genes, or if this is stochastic process. These questions could best be tackled by directly assessing the physical genome structure and architecture of pluripotency genes in single stem cells inside the whole embryo. In my project, I will pursue this ambitious aim by exploiting recent breakthroughs in 3D super-resolution microscopy, namely the development of an inverted lattice light-sheet microscope, highly multiplexed oligo-DNA-PAINT, and advanced computational algorithms, to study the physical 3D architecture of the genomic network of totipotency and pluripotency genes. Thus, I will for the first time be able to unravel the structural determinants of the transition from totipotency to the pluripotent and differentiated state during early mammalian development.

Keywords: 3d super resolution microscopy,preimplantation embryo,totipotency,pluripotency,light sheet microscopy
Development of equipment for composite recycling process of uncured material (RECYCOMP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Development of equipment for composite recycling process of uncured material (H2020-CS2-CFP10-2019-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2023-11-30
Duration (months): 41.0
Total project cost (EUR): 786967.5
EU funding (EUR): 786967.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The RECYCOMP project is focused in the reutilization of uncured scrap material, aiming at preparing it for a subsequent reuse for the manufacturing of functional components. The main activity focuses on the development of an equipment able to recover the uncured scraps coming from lamination process, avoiding the degradation (associated to undesired curing) and preparing the material in a suitable form for the generation of new pre-impregnated material useful for the lamination process of new components. The main objective of the RECYCOMP project is to develop a machine for the recovery and recycling of CFRP uncured scraps, taking the surplus material coming from lamination and generating new useful pre-impregnated material in a roll. The machine includes 3 main modules able to: identify the scraps area and fibre orientation; cut the scrap in rectangular chips; and to pick and place the chips in a new backing material for the subsequent use.

Keywords: cfrp,recycling,prepreg,machine vision,robot,pick place,cutting
Demonstration of water loops with innovative regenerative business models for the Mediterranean region (HYDROUSA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Climate action, environment,  resource efficiency and raw materials
Theme: Enabling the transition towards a green economy and society through eco-innovation
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Egypt,Italy,Austria,Austria,Austria,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Cyprus,Belgium,Greece,Greece,Greece,Greece,Greece,France,United Kingdom
Call: Water in the context of the circular economy (H2020-CIRC-2017TwoStage, 2017)
Start date: 2018-07-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 12015448.75
EU funding (EUR): 9958706.879999999
Participants: 32
Project status: SIGNED

HYDROUSA will provide innovative, regenerative and circular solutions for (1) nature-based water management of Mediterranean coastal areas, closing water loops; (2) nutrient management, boosting the agricultural and energy profile; and (3) local economies, based on circular value chains. The services provided lead to a win-win-win situation for the economy, environment and community within the water-energy-food-employment nexus. HYDROUSA water loops will include water from non-conventional sources including wastewater, rainwater, seawater, groundwater and vapour water, all resulting in recovered and marketable products. HYDROUSA will demonstrate at large scale the feasibility and sustainability of innovative, low-cost water treatment technologies to recover freshwater, nutrients and energy from wastewater, salt and freshwater from seawater, and freshwater from atmospheric water vapour. Water conservation solutions including aquifer storage and sustainable agricultural practices including fertigation will be applied. The solutions will be demonstrated on 3 major touristic islands in Greece. Detailed technical and financial deployment plans will be established for replication in additional 25 locations worldwide. Through the on-site water loops of HYDROUSA, complex supply chains for resource recovery are not required, as producers are directly involved as consumers of derived products. HYDROUSA will combine traditional skilled workmanship with modern ICT integration in beautiful and smart automation systems. HYDROUSA will revolutionise water value chains in Mediterranean areas and beyond, from water abstraction to sewage treatment and reuse. The proposed HYDROUSA solutions show massive potential to change the way humans interact with water, food and energy.

Keywords: closing water loops