Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Coordination of the Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean (ARIMNET2)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology
Destination: Sustainable production and management of biological resources from land, forest, and aquatic environment
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: ARIMNET2 (ERA-NET)
Countries involved: France,Egypt,France,Portugal,Greece,Morocco,Algeria,Croatia,Tunisia,Spain,Syrian Arab Republic,Italy,Slovenia,Israel,Cyprus,Türkiye,Malta
Call:  (FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2304320.0
EU funding (EUR): 1998716.0
Participants: 26
Project status: CLOSED

Agricultural research in the Mediterranean is characterised by three main features: it is scattered within the EU members and in Mediterranean Partner Countries as well as most of the problems and challenges that the Mediterranean agriculture is facing are shared by all the countries in the area and even further, its objectives are largely the same in the whole area, even if priorities can vary from one country to another; the conditions resulting from climate change as well as the objective of sustainable development and production need to rethink agricultural research in all the countries and to begin its alignment in the whole area to increase its impact. This situation allows and requires coordination at the level of the Mediterranean to fight again fragmentation in fostering the convergence of national programmes and in founding a new critical mass to address the key issues (such as the growing demand for safer, healthier and higher quality food; the sustainable production and use of renewable bio-resources; threats to the sustainability and security of agricultural and fisheries production resulting in particular from climate change), to increase excellence and relevance of research, to enhance and strengthen the cooperation within the region in sharing the objectives and the priorities. The ERA-Net ARIMNet has been working with this objective of enhancing scientific cooperation between EU members and Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC) and will finish in March 2013. The action needs to be continued, deepened and enlarged. This is the aim of the proposal of an ERA-Net for Coordination of Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean (ARIMNet2), which gathers sixteen countries (8 EU members, 4 associated countries and 4 other Mediterranean countries). It bears clearly a double ambition: to enhance coordination of agricultural research programmes within the Mediterranean area and to improve the cooperation within the area.

Keywords: agriculture,mediterranean,research,coordination,food,climate change
Design of new Co-Al-W-based alloys (COALWSUPER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

New Co-Al-W-base superalloys will become an essential technology for high efficiency energy generation and transportation. As more pressure is placed on currently available single-crystal Ni-based superalloys to perform at even higher temperatures, Co-Al-W-base superalloys are likely to become their replacement in the future. Recent studies have shown that this new class of alloys possesses interesting high-temperature properties, including pronounced anomalous yield strength, good high temperature creep properties, and low segregation upon solidification. The small gamma/gamma’ lattice misfit means that a high fraction of gamma’ precipitates can grow semi-coherently within the gamma matrix maintaining a cuboidal morphology, the optimal microstructure for components in the hottest parts of gas turbines and jet engines. Unfortunately, the stability of the gamma’ strengthening phase is still questionable, and adopting experimentation to study the full alloy design space is impractical. The overall aim of this proposal is to develop and apply state-of-the-art modelling methods to address the stability and performance of these alloys, reducing the alloy design space considerably. A few attempts to use ab initio simulations to investigate the stability of the gamma’ phase have been made, but these have failed to either prove or disprove the presence of the gamma’ phase in the Co-Al-W ternary system as no entropy contributions were evaluated. Understanding whether the gamma’ phase is stable, and determining how alloying can be used to stabilise it, will significantly impact the design of these alloys as well as provide insights on several aspects of physical metallurgy. The results of this work are expected to guide future experimentation and lead to new high-performance alloy candidates for use in the gas turbines and jet engines, building considerable positive industrial, financial and environmental impact.

Keywords: superalloys,density functional theory,cluster expansion,phase stability,planar fault energies,physical metallurgy
Popular Nationalism and Attitudes toward Immigrants (PNATI): A Multistage Investigation of Popular Nationalism and its Effects on Attitudes toward Labor Immigrants and Asylum Seekers in Israel (PNATI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The general framework of the proposed research challenges the traditional approaches to popular attitudes toward labor immigrants and asylum seekers. Previous scholarship has highlighted either economic competition between immigrants and the host society or perceptions of symbolic threats posed by immigrants. The proposed research, in contrast, will be the first to investigate how attitudes toward foreigners are linked to the way several dimensions of nationalism configure the national self-understanding of individuals. These dimensions include the ways individuals define the criteria for membership in their nation, their beliefs about the core values of the nation, their identification with specific national institutions, and the role they believe their nation-state should play in relationship to other nation-states. To test this theoretically groundbreaking framework, the proposed research has three specific objectives: (1) to develop an empirically robust typology of national self-understanding of resident citizens of Israel, (2) to examine the relationship of national self-understanding with core demographic characteristics of individuals, and (3) to investigate how national self-understanding affects individuals' attitudes toward labor immigrants and asylum seekers. In addition to theoretical innovation, this proposal also introduces a novel multistage research design that opens with in-depth interviews, continues with survey data collection, and ends with follow-up interviews with survey takers. Using this multistage design, the proposed research will be the first of its kind to develop a purely inductive typology of popular nationalism in a European country, and to test how the national self-understanding of individuals affects their attitudes toward immigrants and preferences regarding the state’s immigration policy.

Keywords: sociology,popular nationalism,immigration,labor immigrants,political attitudes,mixed-methods
Analysis of Natural Language for Real World Applications (ANALYSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Natural language understanding, information extraction, and machine translation are critical for human-machine interaction and key technologies in many everyday applications (e.g. search engines, mobile devices, robots). Natural language understanding systems transform spoken language or written texts into syntactic and semantic structures. Critically, these systems need to be able to work flexibly on many different text genres. A critical challenge for current syntactic analyzers in real-world applications is to adapt flexibly to different language domains. This problem arises because current syntactic analyzers are trained primarily on syntactically annotated newspaper texts. In particular, the major syntactic resource for training syntactic analyzers in English is an annotated text collection called the Penn-Tree Bank. The Penn-Tree Bank contains texts from only one genre that is economic news. However, the syntactic analyzers are applied to a wide range of text genres such as emails, newsgroups, blogs, consumer reviews, newspapers with mostly non-economic text, spoken language etc. When applied to these texts the error rate doubles. As a result of a doubled error rate the syntactic analyzer assigns the wrong syntactic structures to the input sentences. In other words, it confuses the subject and object in a sentence. Therefore it is no longer able to answer the critical questions in natural language understanding: Who does what to whom and why and when. For real-world applications this means that the robot may fail to understand the instructions or commands posed by the customer. The aim of this proposal is to reduce this gap and to provide techniques that obtain a higher accuracy and allow the adaptation to out-of domain genres in an easy and economically acceptable way. Further, in an interdisciplinary and innovative fashion, we will combine syntactic analysis with related analysis techniques from the field of speech recognition.

Keywords: natural language processing,natural language understanding,parsing,dependency parsing
Strong Coupling of Organic Molecules and Plasmons (STROCOMP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-03-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 87500.0
EU funding (EUR): 87500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The improvement of fabrication technology over the last decades enables the accurate creation of almost arbitrarily shaped nanoscale metal structures. In such systems, quasi-bound surface modes (plasmons) provide strong, sub-wavelength confinement of electromagnetic fields. This confinement leads to strongly increased coupling between light and matter, and increases the possible spatial resolution to far below the diffraction limit. These properties make plasmonics a quickly growing and multidisciplinary subject, with applications in physics, chemistry, biology and engineering. A particularly relevant topic is the coupling of quantum emitters (such as atoms, molecules, quantum dots, or color centers in diamond) to plasmons. By concentrating light with the use of plasmons, the mismatch between the absorption cross section of the emitter and the size of the light beam can be circumvented. It is then even possible to reach the strong coupling regime, where the elementary excitations become hybrid states with mixed light-matter character. The major aim of StroCOMP is to develop new insights into the strong coupling between plasmons and organic molecule excitations, forming so-called "plexcitons". Due to the complex molecular structure, organic molecule plexcitons are still not fully understood. In addition to the system itself, we will study two relevant applications: One is the manipulation of chemical structure and reactions through strong coupling, exploiting the modification of the chemical potential energy surface. The second application is plexciton condensation, driven by their Bose-Einstein statistics. This exploits the possible ultralight effective mass of plexcitons to enable condensation and quantum degeneracy even at room temperature, and in addition to being of fundamental interest could represent a pathway towards a very low-threshold coherent light source.

Keywords: quantum plasmonics,nanoplasmonics,strong coupling,hybrid quantum systems,quantum information processing,organic molecules,condensation,chemical reactions,quantum degeneracy
Carbon Nanomaterials Assembly (CANA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

CANA explores new methods for the fabrication of complex carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene. The project emphasizes the importance of the hierarchical organization of materials over several lengthscale. To achieve this, CANA follows a methodical approach, that systematically optimizes mesoscale chemistry, nanoscale morphology, microscale porosity and macroscale assembly and packaging. For instance, we will pursue combined top-down microfabrication and bottom-up self-assembly, accompanied with surface modification through hydrothermal processing. While the properties of organized carbon nanomaterial assemblies can be tuned towards a wide variety of applications, this project specifically focusses electrodes for energy storage. This project is highly multi-disciplinary as it brings together expertise ranging from macro- and microscale manufacturing, to nanoscale material synthesis and mesoscale chemical surface modification and electrochemistry. The funding provided through this CIG grant will mainly be invested in vital pieces of equipment to enable pursuing the above objectives, but also for travel in Europe and for setting up new research collaborations. As such, this project is crucial for the applicant’s integration in his new research position. Beyond this initial project, the expertise and equipment acquired through this grant will be employed for the development of new water filtration techniques.

Keywords: carbon nanotubes,microfabrication,self-assembly,graphene,energy storage
Vascular Dementia: revealing the detrimental synergy between hypertension, micro-strokes and Neuro-Vascular Decoupling (VD&NVD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Research in recent years has started to provide an alternative view to Alzheimer's etiology emphasizing the role of other factors such as inflammation and brain vascular alterations in the development of Alzheimer. Of major interest is the link between AD and hypertension, another global epidemic affecting millions of people worldwide. Hypertension results in increased stiffness of the brain vasculature leading, among others, to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Little is known about the short and long-term consequences of such hypoperfusion on neuronal dynamics. Hypoperfusion alters the function of the blood brain barrier; a cellular ensemble that actively keeps at bay pathogens and alike from entering the brain parenchyma. Amyloid and its products are under strict control across this barrier. Hence, damage to the barrier results in their accumulation in the brain parenchyma, which likely contributes to neuronal dysfunction and dementia. This recently recognized tight association between AD and hypertension opens new venues for both basic and translational research with the promise to better understand and likely treat these two maladies together.

Keywords: neurovascular coupling,two-photon microscopy,in vivo,hypertension,alzheimer's disease,micro-strokes,dementia,vascular dynamics,vascular network,calcium imaging,optogenics,viral vectors.
Decoherence in Superconducting Devices (DESDE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A hallmark of quantum mechanics is the coherent superposition of states of a system, but uncontrolled interactions between system and environment lead to loss of coherence. For applications such as quantum computation and quantum metrology coherence must be preserved, and to obtain long coherence times a promising approach is to capitalize on the quantum properties of superconductors. Indeed many superconducting devices based on Josephson junctions are under active experimental investigation. This project has two main goals: to advance our theoretical understanding of decoherence processes in such superconducting devices and to explore how to limit their detrimental effects. The initial focus will be on the intrinsic decoherence due to quasiparticles, the elementary excitations in superconductors, especially under non-equilibrium conditions. The peculiarities of single, few, and many junction systems (such as transmon, phase and flux qubits, Cooper pair pumps, fluxonium, etc.) will be addressed in detail. Then the effectiveness of quasiparticle trapping schemes will be studied. In addition, interactions with photons will also be considered: on one hand, photons are used to manipulate these systems, on the other they cause decoherence, and the optimal balance between these two conflicting aspects will be sought. By suggesting new ways to reduce decoherence, the results of this project can contribute to the improvements in the performance of superconducting devices that will enable their practical use for quantum computation and metrology.

Keywords: superconductivity,mesoscopic physics,superconducting devices,josephson effect,qubit,decoherence
The Hidden Laws: Matrimonial Law in Non-Legal Eastern Christian Sources (HIDDENLAW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG, 2013)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

An official ruling does not always translate into practice, as legislation does not necessarily become the norm. Analyzing the gap between them provides a lens for understanding processes of influence, impact and change, of polemic and discourse, and of power and authority. This project focuses on matrimonial law in non-legal Christian literature from the Eastern Roman Empire in comparison to Christian, Roman and Jewish legal literature, from the fourth to the sixth centuries CE. Its objectives are to describe matrimonial practices and laws of Christians living in the Eastern Roman Empire according to non-legal sources, to reveal the origin and sources of influence of these practices and law and, lastly, to draw conclusions about the relations between Christians, Romans and Jews, and the different legal concepts circulating about law, power and authority. The means for achieving these objectives comprise four stages: 1) collection of data from select Greek and Syriac non-legal Christian writings and papyri from the fourth to the sixth centuries CE; 2) single-source and single-corpus study of the collected non-legal sources and complementary Christian, Roman and Jewish legal literature, using methods drawn from textual criticism and Semitic and Greek philology; 3) comparative analysis of these sources and analysis of the inter-communal relations they reflect; 4) social and historical analysis of law and legal concepts in late antiquity. The contribution will be in three areas: 1) the origin and sources of influence of matrimonial law in the Eastern Roman Empire; 2) the possible relations between Christians, Romans and Jews in this period; 3) the different legal concepts and attitudes concerning law, power and authority. The results will be published in a monograph and journal articles and posted in a website. In addition, I will organize an international conference on law in late antiquity in order to promote the study of social and legal history of late-antiquity.

Keywords: roman law,syriac law,matrimonial law,syriac christianity,talmud,halakha,eastern christianity,eastern roman empire,jewish-christian relations,social history,papyrology,late antiquity