Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Perfectly interfaced nanomaterials for next generation oxide electronics (NOVOX)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2016-04-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1565873.0
EU funding (EUR): 1565873.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Oxide thin film heterostructures hold the key to a wide range of novel, and energy efficient devices of many different sorts. In the last few years, there has been a plethora of very exciting reports in the top journals on the basic science of single layer oxide films or heterostructure devices. However, the holy grail of applications is still just an event on the horizon. An innovative and emerging materials science led approach is now required to understand the factors at play limiting these highly promising materials, thus opening the door to realising their functional potential. As time progresses the interfaces are playing an ever stronger role in the functionality and multifunctionality. New kinds of interfaces, new ways to control them, and state-of-the art probing of them are all needed to understand how to control and tune them. This proposal strikes at the heart of all these issues and aims to realise the true power of oxide electronics.

Keywords: interfaces,self-assembly,defect control,functional optimisation
Nano-Optical Antennas for Tuneable Single Photon Super-Emitters (NANOANTENNAS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499600.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nano-optical antennas allow to confine light on a truly nanometer scale. Indeed, my group recently demonstrated efficient funneling of incident far field to antenna hotspots, i.e. nano-focusing down to 25 nm, and achieved for the first time steering of the angular photon emission of a single molecule. These pioneering results on close encounters between nano-antennas and photon emitters pave the way to a regime of new physical phenomena: super-emission, gradient effects, breakdown of the dipole approximation, near-field spectra, single photon beaming, quantized plasmons and potentially strong coupling. These are exactly the novel effects I plan to explore. Specific objectives are: - Nano-optical control: positioning of single photon emitters at antenna hotspots with &lt; 10 nm accuracy by top-down fabrication, optical forces and chemical recognition. - Super-emission-focusing: boosting of emission to ps Rabi periods and unity quantum efficiency by resonant coupling to the nano-antenna. Photons will be beamed in an antenna dominated angular cone, which in reciprocity acts as the acceptance cone for super-focusing. - Coherent antenna control: by shaping the phase content of broad band fs pulses and tuning the antenna load by optically active materials, I will control nanoscale fields, both in the temporal and spatial domain. - Quantized plasmons: by coupling single photon emitters across a nano-antenna I will explore strong coupling and uncover the quantum nature of plasmons. This research aims for a profound understanding of the fundamental limits of optical control at the nanoscale. The new tuneable photon super-emitters and nano-hot-spots open several new horizons: controlled single photon sources for quantum-information; light harvesting; energy conversion; efficient bio-sensors; optical imaging with 10 nm resolution.

Keywords: nano-antenna nanophotonics plasmonics - coherent control - quantum plasmonics - single molecule detection - field enhancement - super-focusing - super-emission - ultrafast.
Geometric analysis, complex geometry and gauge theory (DIFFERENTIALGEOMETR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1501361.0
EU funding (EUR): 1501361.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal is for work in Geometric Analysis aimed at two different problems. One is to establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of extremal metrics on complex algebraic manifolds. These metrics are characterised by conditions on their curvature tensor a paradigm being the Riemannian version of the Einstein equation of General Relativity The standard conjecture is that the right condition should be the stability of the manifold, a condition defined entirely in the language of algebraic geometry. But there are very few cases where this conjecture has been verified. The problem comes down to proving the existence of a solution to highly nonlinear partial differential equation. The aim is to advance this theory by a detailed study of interesting but more amenable cases, for example where there is a large symmetry group. The second problem is to develop new invariants and structures associated to a particular class of manifolds of dimension 6 and 7 (with holonomy SU(3) and G2). These would be derived from the solutions of versions of the Yang-Mills equation over the manifolds, in a similar manner to familiar theories in 3 and 4 dimensions. In higher dimensions there are fundamental new difficulties to overcome to set up a theory rigorously and the main point of this part of the proposal is to attack these. It is likely that the new structures, if they do exist, will have interesting connections to other developments in this general area, involving string theory and algebraic geometry.

Keywords: differential geometry,geometric analysis,complex geometry,gauge theory
Disorder physics with ultracold quantum gases (DISQUA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Disorder is ubiquitous in nature and has a strong impact on the behaviour of many physical systems. The most celebrated effect of disorder is Anderson localization of single particles, but many other more complex phenomena arise in interacting, many-body systems. A full understanding of how disorder affects the behavior of quantum systems is still missing, also because of the unavoidable presence of nonlinearities, dissipation and thermal effects that make a careful exploration of real condensed-matter systems very difficult. In this project we want to fully exploit the unprecedented potentialities offered by ultracold atomic quantum gases to explore some of the present challenges for our understanding of the physics of disorder. These systems offer indeed the possibility of controlling to a great extent crucial parameters such as the type of disorder, the nonlinearities due to interactions, the temperature and density, the dimensionality, the quantum statistics. A variety of advanced diagnostic techniques allow to gain detailed information on the static and dynamic properties of the system. The potentialities of atomic quantum gases for the study of disorder have already showed up in recent breakthrough experiments. The project aims at an experimental exploration, supported by advanced theory, of the current issues in disordered quantum systems. We will investigate a few frontier themes of general interest: 1) Anderson localization and the interplay of disorder and a weak interaction; 2) strongly correlated, disordered bosonic systems; 3) disordered, interacting fermionic systems. In the research we will employ atomic Bose and Fermi gases with tunable interactions and advanced diagnostic techniques that we have recently contributed to develop. A successful completion of the project will push forward our understanding of the behaviour of quantum systems with disorder, with a potentially large impact on many fields of physics.

Keywords: disorder ultracold quantum gases
A Complete History of Massive Proto-Galaxies (CHOMP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2317255.0
EU funding (EUR): 2317255.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A key question in modern science is to explain how the present-day universe of galaxies evolved from the initial conditions measured in the micro-wave background at recombination. Over the next 5 years I propose to undertake a major program of research to address this issue, by discovering and studying directly the progenitors of today&apos;s massive galaxies during the first ~2 billion years of cosmic history, and hence performing critical tests of current theories of galaxy formation. It is now clear that to sample representative volumes of the high-redshift universe requires ultra-deep near-infrared, mid-infrared and sub-mm surveys covering over ~1 sq. degree. Until now this has not been possible, but this field is about to be revolutionized by the introduction of a new generation of wide-field facilities in the next year. Specifically, 2009 will see the commissioning of the new near-infrared VISTA survey telescope in Chile, the new SCUBA2 sub-mm camera on the JCMT in Hawaii, the far-infrared Herschel Space Observatory, and the near-infrared camera WFC3 in the Hubble Space Telescope. Now, through my leadership of the deepest of the new generation of wide-field infrared and submm surveys to be undertaken with these revolutionary new facilities, I am unusually well-placed to take an integrated approach to the study of galaxy formation/evolution reaching back, for the first time, into the epoch of re-ionisation, at redshifts z ~ 7 - 10. Through this application I request the level of support required to exploit these new and unique data in what is one of the most important and topical areas at the forefront of modern astronomical research. Investment in this research program will also help ensure that European astronomers are strongly positioned to exploit the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA), and future large telescopes (e.g. E-ELT) to study the physics of galaxy formation over virtually all of cosmic history.

Keywords: star formation history,sub-mm astronomy,infrared astronomy,galaxy masses,elliptical galaxies,high-redshift galaxies,quasars,black holes,epoch of re-ionisation,extra-galactic surveys
Reductive Transformations of Carbon Oxides (RTCO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: United Kingdom,France
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1775222.4
EU funding (EUR): 1775222.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The development of new approaches to the activation and functionalisation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is a highly topical and significant challenge for chemistry. The use of biomass and coal derived carbon monoxide as a fundamental building block for simple organic molecules is a key objective in energy research, and the latter, coupled with global warming considerations, dictate that new ways to both activate and derivatise carbon dioxide must also be found. The programme of work described in this proposal tackles these problems through experience and excellence in organometallic chemistry and small molecule activation. It is centred around three closely integrated and synergistic strands. The synthetic work in Strand 1 focuses on reductive assembly of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on low oxidation state metal centres to build simple organic molecules and rings stoichiometrically. The work in this strand will also be driven by developing a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of these reactions through experiment. A key feature of this proposal is the computational work, which is the subject of Strand 2, in which theory and modelling will be used in an iterative way to predict and inform the experimental synthetic and mechanistic work in Strand 1. Strand 3 will establish the underlying redox properties of these systems using electrochemical techniques, in order to ultimately to generate systems which will catalytically generate organic molecules from carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The program of work described in this proposal, which will deliver stoichiometric and catalytic recycling of carbon oxides, is at the frontier of future sustainable chemical technology. It is therefore of high risk, but ultimately extremely high reward.

Keywords: small molecule activation,organometallic synthesis,green chemistry
New isotope systems for the geosciences (NEWISOTOPEGEOSCIENCE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 67.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2347355.0
EU funding (EUR): 2347355.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Isotope geochemistry provides much of our understanding of the workings of the Earth s system from core to clouds. This proposal requests funds to develop and apply new MC-ICPMS methods to tackle geochemical issues that are poorly understood and for which new archives and techniques should lead to significant breakthroughs. We will focus on 3 areas. First, we will study vanadium (V), which is analytically challenging because of its extreme composition but which could be immensely powerful for tracing changes in oxidation. The V isotopic composition of magnetite will be investigated as a proxy for oxidation state and to provide new constraints on the cause of precipitation of V rich magnetite ores in the world s biggest deposits. We will also measure V isotopic compositions of hydrocarbons to address (a) the origin of vanadyl-porphyrins with studies of soils and their associated plant material, (b) subsurface geoporphyrin transformations and the fate of V locked within sedimentary organic matter as it becomes buried and (c) the degree to which degradation in crude oils changes isotopic composition. Second, we will develop isotope geochemistry of fluid immobile elements. Titanium will be used to elucidate: (a) the fate of the lithosphere in convecting mantle; (2) mobility of immobile elements in sedimentary to metamorphic systems and (3) the scavenging history of seawater recorded in marine Fe-Mn crusts. Zirconium will be used with Ti to evaluate changes in physical weathering over time. Lastly, we will develop new kinds of detectors based on photon burst spectroscopy and resonance ionisation spectroscopy, to detect rare isotopes in the Earth. This will be of relevance to the measurement of cosmogenic nuclides and the record of putative supernova events in our galaxy.
Numerical Simulation Tools for Protection of Coasts against Flooding and Erosion (SIM.COAST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Bulgaria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171000.0
EU funding (EUR): 171000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to provide improved process understanding, new knowledge, methods, new and improved numerical tools, resulting in decision support systems serving decision-making at protection of coasts against flooding and erosion. Project resultys will contribute to improve reliability of coastal protection structures, and introduce an environmentally friendly approach in coastal protection. The activities will focus on work-out/improve/coordinate numerical model tools that are able to manage interactive data and forecast (by numerical simulations) short term (storm surge, tsunami) and long term (erosion, water level change) phenomena with respect to coastal protection. Project objectives will be pursued by exploring the available experience of the partners, creating complementarities /synergies between them, and using basic preconditions, as follows: - Scientific potential of all partners, the available theoretical knowledge, and expected new findings in the field of coastal hydrodynamics and flooding and - Long-term research cooperation with Chinese partners (dated from 1989) in the field of coastal protection (including some joint model developments, and published papers) - Experience in use of advanced numerical models (MIKE FLOOD, MIKE 21HD/CAMS, SWAN, VOF), as well as GIS data handling abilities, providing links to field observations and related monitoring programs - Well proven expertise in the field of coastal protection &amp; risk management (via EU Coastal protection Projects: EU-FLOWS/FLOODsite/DELOS/CLAS and other - Experience in Environmentally Friendly Coastal Protection, advanced &amp; innovative coastal technologies Project output should finally help decision makers in: - improving co-ordination of coastal erosion and surface water flood risk - strengthening emergency planning arrangements - managing the investment of significant levels of public funding - helping communities adapt to climate change

Keywords: hydraulic engineering,coastal zone management,coastal protection,climate change impact (climate change),natural hazard,flood forecasting,computational models,environmental risk assessment
Time resolved superexcited state dynamics (EXTREME DYNAMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding ultrafast molecular dynamics that govern the evolution of excited systems allows modeling, predicting and in some cases controlling the outcome of chemical reactions. Using femtosecond (fs) laser pulses to initiate and probe dynamics, we provide insight into the important quantum mechanical mechanisms that control molecular dynamics. However, range of excited dynamics that can be addressed is limited by the wavelengths of readily available laser systems. Specifically, superexcited states, which are states that lie above the threshold for electron emission, can not be initiated directly from neutral molecular ground states with conventional laser systems. Such superexcited states exhibit extremely non Born-Oppenheimer dynamics, as electron and nuclear motion dynamics compete on ultrafast timescales, often leading to fragmentation rather than electron emission. Therefore, I propose to extend the range of investigated ultrafast phenomena to include superexcited state dynamics. Such states will be accessible with conventional fs lasers, not from neutral ground state molecules but from fast beams of negative ions or metastable neutral species that are energetically close to superexcited states. Furthermore, fast beam fragment imaging techniques will be used to record time resolved kinetic energies and correlations of fragmentation products. Specific objectives of this proposal are (i) to investigate time resolved dynamics of superexcited negatively charged water clusters; (ii) to investigate fragmentation dynamics of superexcited H3* states. The contribution of the MC-IRG will provide necessary funding to cover project expenses. In this way, MC-IRG will contribute to the training of students and to the transfer of knowledge I have acquired in the USA to researchers in Israel and the EU region. This grant will also enhance my own prospects of securing a tenure position at the Hebrew University in the end of the reintegration period.

Keywords: natural sciences,photochemistry,instrumental techniques,molecular chemistry,chemical physics,reaction mechanisms ands dynamics
Smart Control of Demand for Consumption and Supply to enable balanced, energy-positive buildings and neighbourhoods (SMARTCODE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: ICT for mobility, environmental sustainability and energy efficiency
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Austria,Austria,Germany,Slovakia,Serbia,Austria,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3322786.0
EU funding (EUR): 2299538.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Future buildings and neighbourhoods are expected to combine a manifold of Energy using Products (“EuP”) ranging from electrical lighting to HVAC with locally available renewable energies (e.g. solar, wind) and with locally available storages (e.g. car batteries). An intelligent management of energy in such a local grid would enable customers to participate in the energy market and even contribute to the stability of the power grid. The problem is that such an energy management requires fine grained infrastructure and expensive hardware. Today, this limits applicability of energy management to large consumers in the industrial and commercial sector. The objective of SmartCoDe is to enable the application of advanced techniques for energy management in private and small commercial buildings and neighbourhoods by 1) Developing new methods for automated energy management that specifically considers the requirements of Energy using Products in homes / offices and local renewable energy providers, considering the required information security and dependability. 2) Developing an inexpensive hardware/software implementation that can be integrated into arbitrary Energy using Products, providing them with the ability to communicate and to remotely control its use of power. 3) Demonstration of technical and economic feasibility and benefit of intelligent energy management in buildings and neighbourhoods with an initial focus on electric lighting. If successful, the project will allow all manufacturers of EuP to add energy management functionality (and maybe additional features such as remote control, etc.) for very little additional cost, and thereby address a new and huge market in homes and offices. The local energy management will enable local entities to participate in the energy market as an intelligent, managed “sub-grid” that can – if necessary – even contribute to a demand side management and thereby reducing the required “spinning reserve”.

Keywords: demand site management,local grids,energy management,power management,consumer / provider matching