Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of Education and Skills in a World of Super-Mobility (MAStErS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-08-15
End date: 2018-11-08
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research assesses the price of skills mismatch of non-native employees, and the subsequent incidence of this mismatch on workers on different job- and task-complexity levels in the labour market. At the level of individuals, it investigates how earnings of foreign workers with education surplus alters once firm, sector, location characteristics and cultural distance between the home and host country of workers are taken into account. Subsequently, in Dutch and British labour markets, it comparatively assesses the aggregate displacement effect on natives of foreigners who work in occupations below their education level. The research informs policy-making with respect to a more detailed classification on which skilled people to admit and the channels of training for the newcomers. The analyses are based on proprietary micro-data sets that are tailored to make several unique contributions: The program explicitly incorporates the demand side, which is typically ignored, to uncover the heterogeneity of the skills mismatch effects according to firm characteristics, agglomeration economies and differences in job and task-complexity. It also distinguishes how urban density and agglomeration economies potentially mediate the impact of skills mismatch. Moreover, by including a measure of cultural and linguistic distance between the employee’s country of origin and the host country, the research identifies forms of state dependence and returns to country of origin specific skills. Particular emphasis is given to address the measurement error and ability bias through quasi-experimental research designs, fixed effects models and synthetic cohort analysis. The proposed program forms a bridge between education, welfare, and integration aspects of immigration with space and local characteristics of recipient economies. It adds to evidence-based immigration policy informed of the cost and mechanisms of mismatch impacting healthy labour market integration of newcomers.

Keywords: skills mismatch,immigration,task complexity,urban areas,micro data,the netherlands
Sarcoma as a model to improve diagnosis and clinical care of rare tumors through a European and Latin American multidisciplinary network (SELNET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Argentina,Spain,Spain,Italy,Italy,France,Costa Rica,Peru,Brazil,Mexico
Call: Translational collaborative cancer research between Europe and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) (H2020-SC1-2018-Single-Stage-RTD, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3294306.01
EU funding (EUR): 3092400.0
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

Rare cancersRare cancers are associated with poor survival, accounting for 22% of new cancer diagnoses in Europe, and 30% of cancer deaths. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of life-threatening rare solid malignancies affecting soft and bone tissues, representing 10% of rare tumors and around 2% of adult tumors, with an incidence of 5.9/100,000/year in Europe. Appropriate management of sarcoma patients is hindered by the absence of referral policies to reference centers (RCs), incorrect or delayed diagnosis, non-adherence of therapies to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), and lack of expertise by practitioners, which increases the risk of relapse and death. These problems worsen in the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) due to the scarcity or complete unavailability of RCs, expert pathologists, multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs), new cancer drugs, clinical trials, patient registry data, and financial resources. Hence, the SELNET project seeks to create a European and Latin American multidisciplinary network of clinical and translational specialists to improve diagnosis and clinical care in sarcomas, with the aim of validating a collaborative model replicable in other rare tumors and in other countries. Recognized cancer centers and research groups of Spain, Italy, France, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Costa Rica, and Peru will contribute to better rare cancer care by fostering RCs, healthcare barrier analysis, CPGs, and medical education as key improvement drivers. The core of the research work focuses on improving diagnosis and prognosis of sarcoma patients through the creation of pathological diagnosis networks, MTBs, the conduct of an international registry-based observational study to assess clinical management quality and prognostic factors, and the implementation of an strategic translational research program to develop intercontinental sarcoma biobanks, preclinical models, and a translational study with drugs in rare sarcoma subtypes.

Keywords: sarcoma,diagnosis,clinical care,rare tumors,prognosis
Crystal structures of PIN proteins - CrysPINs (CrysPINs)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2020-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of the “CrysPINS” project is to derive a model for the structure of PIN1 protein, starting with a loopless version (PIN1loopless), and optionally other PIN proteins, using techniques of molecular biology, biochemistry and crystallography. Members of PIN family are plant-specific auxin transporters, which play crucial role in plant morphogenesis, development and responses to the environment. Although it is well known that PIN proteins drive polar auxin transport, till nowadays the auxin research community is missing detailed functional and mechanistic models of these enigmatic transporters. My considerable experience from studying auxin metabolism and transport on the cellular and plant level, combined with the expertise at the University of Warwick in auxin recognition and the structural biology of mammalian membrane transporter proteins, makes it timely to move the science forward by a project focussed on the structure of PINs. My vision is that we will be able to develop a detailed molecular map of PINs together with associated pharmacophoric map for their substrates and inhibitors, a goal that will offer me an ideal system for further research focused on PINs auxin substrate specificity and transport capacity. On the way I will expect to reveal how the PINs are energized, and create links with the auxin herbicide industries to explore opportunities for collaborations on agro-pharmaceutical compound design.

Keywords: pin1 protein,crystal structure,computational model,auxin transport capacity,auxin substrate specificity
Commercialisation of TRACS, An Artificial Intelligence Inspired, Text Response Automation system for Customer Support (TRACS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Open Disruptive Innovation Scheme (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-08-01
End date: 2017-11-30
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

True AI Ltd is an SME operating within the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) software. True AI automates text-based customer support (social media, email and web chat), leveraging novel AI techniques. Over €303bn per annum is spent globally on delivering customer service, of which €76bn is considered a failed investment as customers abandon their purchases. Despite significant expenditure, companies find that service times remain long, consumer frustration levels high, and many queries are unsolved. Self-funding & private investment have allowed True AI to prototype TRACS, an intelligent Text Response Automation Customer Support tool. TRACS enhances the customer service agent by suggesting answers to incoming questions, saving 34% of agent time. TRACS improves operational efficiency and enhances customer experience and consumer satisfaction. TRACS development was made possible by significant in-house R&D in AI Software and Deep Learning techniques. TRACS learns automatically from previous conversations and constantly improves in its ability to provide suggestions. Agent assistance from TRACS will be prompt and accurate, based upon best practice sourced from historical conversations between consumers and support agents. TRACS can be easily implemented into existing IT infrastructure with low set up and maintenance costs for the Service Provider. The Cloud based, SaaS delivery model ensures a cost effective, flexible and easily maintainable solution. Our Phase 1 project includes Pilot Tests within a Client Working Group, forming a Technical Specification and Commercial Plan providing a foundation for a Phase 2 application. Full commercialization is projected to result in revenues of €31m, profits of €19m, and 70 FTEs after 5 years. The commercial success of TRACS will position True AI among the European leaders in AI customer support and will benefit European businesses with reduced costs and the potential reshoring of support centres to the EU.

Keywords: artificial intelligence,automated,customer support,machine learning,text,commercialisation
Lifelong UNiversal lAnguage Representation (LUNAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2020-12-01
End date: 2025-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498723.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498723.0
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

Why is machine translation between English and Portuguese significantly better than machine translation between Dutch and Spanish? Why do speech recognizers work better in German than Finnish? The main problem is the insufficient amount of labelled data for training in both cases. Although the world is multimodal and highly multilingual, speech and language technology is not keeping up with the demand in all languages. We need better learning methods that exploit the advancements of a few modalities and languages for the benefit of others. This proposal addresses the low-resources problem and the expensive approach to multilingual machine translation since systems for all translation pairs are required. LUNAR proposes to jointly learn a multilingual and multimodal model that builds upon a lifelong universal language representation. This model will compensate for the lack of supervised data and significantly increase the system capacity of generalization from training data given the unconventional variety of employed resources. This model will reduce the number of required translation systems from quadratic to linear as well as allowing for an incremental adaptation of new languages and data. The high-risk/high-gain relies on automatically training a universal language representation by specifically designed deep learning algorithms. LUNAR will employ an encoder-decoder architecture. The encoder represents an abstraction of the input by reducing its dimensionality,which will become the proposed universal language representation; from this abstraction, the decoder generates the output. The encoder-decoder internal architecture will be designed for learning the universal language representation,which will be appropriately integrated as an objective of the architecture. LUNAR will impact multidisciplinary communities of specialists in computer science, mathematics, engineering and linguistics who work on natural language understanding and speech processing applications.

Keywords: machine translation,speech recognition,lifelong learning,natural language understanding
Selective vulnerability of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease: the load of routine behaviour (ROSNPD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2018-11-01
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by striatal dopamine (DA) depletion due to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc).Understanding the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of SNpc damage is a primary unmet goal in PD research.Cell loss occurs earliest and foremost in the ventro-lateral region of the SNpc.Previous work defines anatomical factors determining the vulnerability of the ventro-lateral SNpc:their large axonal arborisations,bursting activity with high Ca++ inflow,high oxidative stress and sensitivity to aging.However, all of these features are shared by SNpc neurons but neurodegeneration in PD begins specifically by the ventro-lateral tier. This DA depletion first occurs in the posterior striatum, which is involved and required for habit formation and routine behaviour.Indeed, the earliest motor features of PD are commonly associated with impairment of automatic movements.The striatum is well known to be engaged in learning and habit formation,a process that is DA dependent.Striatal DA is released phasically (SNpc firing related) triggered by emotional responses,whereas tonic dopaminergic modulation (non-SNpc firing related),predominates in routine behaviour. The precise mechanism whereby DA regulates the learning of a routine is not well defined but SNpc dopaminergic neurons are engaged in behavioural tasks showing an activation of their firing rate at the start of an instrumental task. This provides support to the notion that DA signals the onset/offset of a task and perhaps switching between tasks.In addition, they have a higher response to external stimuli (alertness, sensory) and to emotional behaviours (i.e. reward, salience). It is hypothesized here that in order to control the whole spectrum of a task, from goal directed to habitual, the ventro-lateral SNpc neurons are under higher functional demand, and the consequent metabolic overload makes them more susceptible to degeneration.

Keywords: parkinson s disease,routine behaviour,habitual,dopamine,goal directed,substantia nigra,electrophisiology,optogenetics,calcium imaging
Integrative omics of heart failure to inform discovery of novel drug targets and clinical biomarkers (inHForm)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1496625.0
EU funding (EUR): 1496625.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the aging European populations. It is the end-stage of myocardial and valvular disease, arising from loss of viable or functional muscle cells in the heart. Therapy is complicated by the multitude of causes and comorbidities of heart failure. New therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers to individually tailor therapy (‘precision medicine’) are greatly needed. This research program aims to realize the promise of precision medicine by applying an integrated proteomic, genomic and epidemiological approach to the underlying causes, mechanisms and consequences for heart failure. The program builds on unique Swedish nation-wide disease registers and large biobanks, the translational research profile of the investigator and experience in genomics, epidemiology and proteomics. The program includes five work packages: (1) comprehensive plasma protein profiling through a discovery pipeline including novel microarray-based methods and mass spectrometry in a population-based cohort of 6000 subjects and clinical cases to identify subjects at risk for heart disease (2) assessment of heritable components to outcomes in heart disease using nation-wide Swedish registers (3) genome-wide discovery of variants associated with risk of and outcomes in heart disease as well as endophenotypes for cardiac structure and function, using resequencing and DNA microarrays in large population-based cohorts including >70,000 subjects from three generations (4) expression profiling in human heart samples and a novel human cardiomyocyte strain assay to translate genomic and proteomic findings to understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms (5) evaluate the clinical importance of plasma proteins and genetic variants in >3000 clinical cases. This research program is anticipated to result in new insights into the pathophysiology of heart failure and discovery of drug targets and clinical biomarkers.

Keywords: cardiology,genomics,proteomics,heart failure,valvular disease,arrhythmia
Competition under (niche) construction (COMPCON)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: France,Portugal
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2023-10-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999275.0
EU funding (EUR): 1785525.0
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

Interspecific competition is arguably the best interaction to address how individual trait variation and eco-evolutionary feedbacks shape species distributions and trait evolution, due to its indirect effects via the shared resource. However, a clear understanding of such feedbacks is only possible if each contributing factor can be manipulated independently. With COMPCON, we will address how individual variation, niche width, niche construction and the presence of competitors shape species distributions and trait evolution, using a system amenable to manipulation of all these variables. The system is composed of two spider mite species, Tetranychus urticae and T. ludeni, that up- and down-regulate plant defences (i.e., negative and positive niche construction, respectively). Tomato mutant plants with low defences will be used as an environment in which niche construction is not expressed. Furthermore, tomato plants will be grown under different cadmium concentrations, allowing quantitative variation of available niches. Using isogenic lines, we will measure individual variation in niche width, niche construction and competitive ability. Different combinations of lines will then be used to test key predictions of recent theory on how such variation affects coexistence with competitors. Subsequently, mite populations will evolve in environments with either one or more potential niches, in plants where niche construction is possible or not, and in presence or absence of competitors (coevolving or not). We will test how these selection pressures affect niche width, niche construction and competitive ability, as well as plant damage. Finally, we will re-derive isogenic lines from these treatments, to test how evolution under different scenarios affects individual variation in niche width. COMPCON will shed new light on the role of competition in shaping eco-evolutionary communities, with bearings on disciplines ranging from macro-ecology to evolutionary genetics

Keywords: competition,experimental evolution,niche width,niche construction,individual variation
Uncertain Power: Representing the king in the Portuguese empire (1640-1750) (UNCERTAINPOWER)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Portugal
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2020-01-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 148635.6
EU funding (EUR): 148635.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at analysing the authority of the viceroys and governors-general - the highest representatives of the Portuguese kings – in the States of India and Brazil between 1640 and 1750 and as such, it deals with the relevance of non-formal expressions of power and authority, and their role in the efficiency of political communication. UNCERTAINPOWER seeks early expressions of the combination between formal and non-formal expressions of power and authority, namely in places where the physical presence of the main decision-makers was impossible to happen. In a world with ever-changing systems of communication, where virtual forms of power become more and more present, to offer a diachronic perspective on the uncertainties that long-distance expressions of power entail is relevant. The choice of the early-modern Portuguese empire is related with its early presence in the four parts of the world in a period when technologies of power and of communication were very different from ours. In UNCERTAINPOWER, issues that are still relevant today, such as the ways of expressing authority in very different socio-cultural contexts, the reception of this authority, as well as the links between these processes and the conservation of society will be discussed. Which were the ways chosen by Portuguese viceroys and governors to communicate their power and authority with the societies under their control? How did these royal agents exercise the prerogative of representing the royal power in an empire with a significant territorial extension and with a plurality of cultural and political realities? How did they adjust their political cultures to the local needs? How did the local contexts influence their ways of governing? And how did mobility challenge the meanings of power and authority? The more tangible outcomes of this project include 6 articles, 1 book and a virtual exhibition.

Keywords: portugal,empire,state of brazil,state of india,cultural history,colonial history,early modern age,viceroys,governors general