Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Human-Computer Interaction and Computer Vision for Improving Healthy Living of Elderly through Exer-gaming (AISENSE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Aging is a social phenomenon in Europe characterized by a decrease in fertility and mortality rate, and a higher life expectancy among Europeans. The rising number of retirees needing assistance from social security systems makes it necessary to focus resources rather on prevention than in treatment of illnesses, to allow a longer independent life in the home environment. Elderly people can gain significant health benefits with even a moderate amount of physical activity. An interesting emerging technology has been the use of modern game consoles. There is a new trend in the way physical exercise can be incorporated into a fitness training program, namely the “exergaming”. Exergaming is a form of exercise through the use of video games whose main focus is the improvement and promotion of physical health of individuals. Individuals can train themselves through a video game by physically interacting with its content. The objective of the proposed research is to build an exer-gaming system that allows elderly people to naturally interact with a virtual gaming environment through their body movements and assess their physical performance. The human-computer interaction will be achieved through recognition of the body movements of the subject using multiple number of vision sensor platforms which have RGB cameras and depth sensors on them. The research focus will be on the development of algorithms that allow different types of sensors to detect various aspects of the activity in the environment collectively. The successful implementation of the system will be employed in designing an exercise game application that will allow elderly people to interact with the system through a natural interface, their own body movements. The physical performance of the elderly people will be assessed by processing the measurements collected from the inertial and bio-sensors worn on the body of the subject and hence improve health of elderly by providing better rehabilitation tools.

Keywords: technological sciences,rehabilitation,human computer interaction,image processing,telematics,signal processing,computer engineering,engineering
Mediterranean Air QUality In future climate Scenarios (MAQUIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project “Mediterranean Air QUality In future climate Scenarios” (MAQUIS) will improve our understanding of air quality-climate interactions in a region of the world where significant climate changes are predicted to occur in the future. In particular we will characterize air quality in the eastern Mediterranean basin in current climate conditions and in future climate conditions; quantify the contribution of anthropogenic emissions to ozone and PM concentrations and how this contribution could change for different future emission scenarios; identify the main processes in a changing climate affecting ozone and aerosol concentrations (temperature, hydrological cycle, natural emissions, dynamics); assess the effectiveness of different emission reduction policies under present-day and future climate conditions. These issues will be addressed using a modeling system composed by the WRF meteorological model and CMAQ air quality model. A set of simulations describing air quality in present-day climate and in future climate, with present-day and three different future emission scenarios will be performed and analyzed. We will apply the adjoint sensitivity analysis technique, which is very efficient in calculating sensitivities of few state variables or metrics with respect to a large number of input parameters. For this reason, the receptor-oriented nature of adjoint sensitivity analysis makes it particularly attractive for policy applications, such as identifying which are the parameters affecting population exposure and the environmental stress resulting from increased pollution levels. The MAQUIS project addresses in an integrated way scientific questions, which are contained in highly relevant European and international projects, and it can give a relevant support to advance the scientific knowledge over a region which is of high interest for social, economical and political reasons.

Keywords: aerosols (climate change),ozone and atmospheric composition,atmospheric pollution (climate change),environmental policies (climate change),climate change impact (climate change)
Force-Dependent Behaviour of Non-Standard DNA Structures and their Uses in Artificial DNA Machines and in Genetic Regulation (FDBNSDNA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-11-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Since the physicist Richard Feynman famously remarked that “[t]here is Plenty of Room at the Bottom” half a century ago, rapid advances in science have shown us that these words do not only apply to the realm of physics, but equally well to all other the disciplines that make up the exciting fields of biophysics and life sciences. However, the chemistry, biology, and physics we find at this “bottom”, at the level of individual molecules and molecular aggregates, are succinctly different from what one encounters on the macroscopic scale: thermal motion becomes important, while inertia plays a very minor role; and the statistics of large numbers encountered in the test tube have to be replaced with analysis of discrete interaction between a few partner molecules. From this follows that all structures build from nanometre sized (molecular) units and all their interactions are highly dynamic and susceptible to disturbances by exceedingly small forces in the low pico-newton (10^-12 N) range. The aim of this career integration proposal is to expand my previous work on the effects of small mechanical forces in the interaction of DNA with regulatory proteins, and extend it to establish the dynamic mechanical parameters of novel non-standard, self-assembled DNA structures based on the self-recognition of the DNA base guanine, which show potential as building blocks for future molecular-scaled devices and electronics (“G-wires”). Putative poly-guanine structures have been reported to occur ubiquitously in the human genome, where they make up the highly repetitive ends of chromosomes (telomers) and are found throughout regulatory sequences of the genetic code (“G-quadruplexes”); this makes them potential targets for therapeutic drugs in the fight against cancer. Although the chemical environment needed for assembly has been studied, little to nothing is known about their physical properties, especially on the biologically and technologically relevant single molecule level.

Keywords: molecular biophysics,biomechanics,microscopy,soft matter and polymer physics,molecular design,de novo design,biomaterial engineering
Identifying causes of lipoprotein trapping in arteries (LDLTRAPPING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 75000.0
EU funding (EUR): 75000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. The prevalence of this disease in the European Union (EU) has an immense social and economic impact; the problem will be further exacerbated by the aging population in this community. The current proposal aims to advance understanding of the initiation of atherosclerosis ( hence the underlying cause of clinical conditions such as heart attacks) by developing and using numerical models of the transport of water and macromolecules in the arterial wall; such transport is known to be involved in the development of the disease, but is poorly understood. The key issue is that many of the details of transport are elusive and no reliable methods of measurement are available. The study will include multiscale models of the arterial wall, where advanced mathematical models that include the different layers and cellular make up of the arterial wall will be coupled into a higher order finite element numerical method. With this model it will be possible to determine regions where macromolecules become trapped within the wall (and, by implication, where atherosclerosis will form). The proposed models will be backed up by experimental studies of macromolecule uptake in the arterial wall. The knowledge gained in the study could be used in the development of novel pharmacological interventions and hence in reducing prevalence of the disease.

Keywords: finite element method,lipoprotein,porous media,arteries,atherosclerosis
Multi-proxy approach of marine Silicon and Carbon biogeochemical Cycles (MUSICC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Though decoupled in time and space in the ocean, Si and C cycles are closely linked. The role played by these elements on climate and marine ecosystems is essential and their biogeochemical cycle is undergoing dramatic changes. MuSiCC proposes to bring unique know-how, developed abroad by the applicant, to UPMC, a leading French university where he now has a permanent position. This project is complementary to the excellence already developed at UPMC. Two research axes are proposed: – Si and C cycles in the Southern Ocean (SO). The specific objectives are to quantify for the different biogeochemical provinces of the SO, the seasonal evolution of: Si nutrient supply, diatoms’ production, C and Si export out of the surface layer, mesopelagic remineralisation and the ultimate C export to the deep ocean. – Si cycle at continent – ocean interfaces. This axis is more exploratory and we plan to bring new elements to answer the following questions: What is the contribution to Si cycle of sedimentary diagenesis in the continental margins? What is the contribution and fate of riverine biogenic Si fluxes to the ocean? How do anthropogenic pressures affect the Si cycle in estuarine and coastal zones? MuSiCC is based on the implementation of an advanced multi-proxy approach integrating several temporal scales and processes: - The natural isotopic composition of Si allows identification of Si source and quantitative estimates of Si fluxes and mixing at annual scale. - Si isotopic dilution is the most precise and sensitive technique to determine short-term uptake – dissolution fluxes. - mesopelagic Ba content is one of the very few proxies to provide estimates of carbon remineralisation fluxes. Complementing the salary funding already obtained, MuSiCC CIG would provide an ideal framework, based on international collaboration, to set up this approach at UPMC, would make significant progress on these issues within the project lifetime and facilitate integration of the applicant.

Keywords: biogeochemistry,chemical oceanography,biochemical and hydrological cycles,carbon cycle (climate change),marine ecosystems (climate change),spectrochemistry,silicon cycle,isotopic proxies
Mechanisms of Inflammation Resolution: Role of miRNAs (RESOLUTIOMIR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The elucidation of endogenous pathways and chemical mediators that activate resolution of inflammation is crucial to identify new therapeutic approaches to control excessive inflammation and related diseases. Inflammation and resolution are actively regulated processes, during which a temporal switch in leukocyte populations present in the exudates occurs, likely reflecting changes in bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Biosynthesis of the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM) lipoxin (LX) A4 and resolvin (Rv) D1 also occurs. SPM promote inflammation resolution by regulating leukocyte trafficking as well as the expression of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) via the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) FPR2/ALX and GPR32. Here, we propose to investigate: 1) Whether resolution is regulated at the BM level by specific proresolving miRNAs, whose expression is modulated by LXA4 and RvD1; 2) Which processes are controlled by these miRNAs. We plan to achieve the outlined specific aims by a system approach to inflammation and resolution. Using self-limited murine peritonitis, we will identify SPM-regulated miRNAs by analyzing temporal changes in the miRNA profile of BM HSC, at resting and upon exposure to LXA4 and RvD1. GPCR-dependence of LXA4 and RvD1 actions will be assessed in experiments with FPR2/ALX or GPR32 recombinant cells. A gain of function approach will be employed to identify target genes of proresolving miRNAs, and assess their roles in HSC differentiation and inflammation. Results from these experiments will help to elucidate key pathways that can be exploited to introduce innovative therapeutic strategies to treat inflammation-related diseases in humans by promoting resolution. Funding this proposal will reinforce excellence and competitiveness of European research and contribute to the reintegration of the proponent after a period of mobility.

Keywords: lipid mediators,acute inflammation,pathology,microrna,hematopoiesis,stem cells
Discovery of novel aspects of host-pathogen interactions through the use of powerful genome-wide shRNA libraries. (VIRUSSHCREEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process of double-stranded RNA-dependent post-transcriptional gene silencing. It has become one of the most powerful and widely used strategies for genetic analysis based on the highly specific and efficient silencing of target genes. RNAi library screens have gained much attention from virologists resulting in the publication of several whole-genome short interfering RNA (siRNA) screens that identified numerous new host genes impacting RNA-virus replication. Although extremely powerful, one major shortcoming of current siRNA screens is the inherent risk of off-target effects, leading to high false positive rates. This proposal is geared towards the development of ‘next-generation’ lentiviral shRNA library screens that solve many problems existing in current RNAi screens and to exploit these libraries to identify host-factors critical for the infection cycle of human herpesviruses and for virus-induced ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Besides development of powerful whole genome shRNA library screens, these efforts will lead to new insights into the biology of human herpesvirus infections and boost research to explore the underlying cellular biology of these processes. Additionally, the identified virus-host interactions could be exploited to develop new antiviral therapies by specifically targeting host genes critically involved in virus infections.

Keywords: herpesvirus,erad,shrna,rnai,library,screen,immunology,infections,genomics,virology
Microbial life under extreme energy limitation (MICROENERGY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Evolutionary, population and environmental biology
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2488423.0
EU funding (EUR): 2488423.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our aim is to understand basic functions of the predominant microbial life on our planet: anaerobic communities buried in the seabed and subsisting at the energetic limit for cellular processes. An estimated 90% of all prokaryotic microorganisms on Earth, comprising 1/10 of all living biomass, exist in the deep subsurface biosphere with a cellular energy flux that is orders of magnitude below anything studied in laboratory cultures so far. The cells are essentially non-growing with mean generation times of hundreds to thousands of years. Yet, these microorganisms drive major processes in the geosphere and control element cycles that affect hydrocarbon reservoirs, ocean chemistry, and global climate on geological time scales. We will use and develop new approaches to study microbial life under extreme energy limitation with the aim to understand the microbial and environmental interactions in the deep biosphere. We will particularly target methanogenesis as a key process in the marine carbon cycle and the great diversity of unknown archaea. We will explore mean cellular energy fluxes of subsurface microbial communities and estimate the fraction of dormant versus active cells. We will determine the turnover rate of living and dead microbial biomass in the deep biosphere and analyze the energetic or kinetic controls on key metabolic processes. We will perform high-capacity genomic sequence analyses and use sensitive chemical and isotopic techniques to search for the coupling between phylogenetic identity and metabolic potential of dominant microorganisms. We will also analyze the genetic potential and physiological activity at the single-cell level to identify this coupling. Finally, we will apply the new microbiological and biogeochemical understanding of subsurface carbon mineralization in a global model of methane cycling in the sea bed.

Keywords: microbiology,geomicrobiology,biogeochemistry,marine,sediment,deep biosphere,archaea,single-cell techniques,methane,carbon cycle
Underneath the attack: cortical network function in migraine (UNDERNEATH MIGRAINE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG, 2011)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Migraine is a disabling brain disorder with major consequences to patients and society. Diverse genetic and physiological factors predispose for attacks, stressing the need for a multidisciplinary approach. In the host team at the LUMC, the Netherlands, migraine research led to identification of the first migraine genes and generation of transgenic mice harboring mutations that cause hemiplegic migraine in patients. An important focus of research at the host is on cortical spreading depression (CSD), the correlate of a migraine aura capable of triggering pain. The migraine mouse models of the host revealed increased neurotransmission resulting in enhanced susceptibility to CSD and other migraine-relevant phenotypes. Underlying mechanisms are not well understood, in regarding neuronal network function in migraine. A Marie Curie CIG will provide excellent support to use my expertise with monitoring neuronal network function and brain pH in these migraine mice in the multidisciplinary research setting of the host. The central question to my research is how sudden changes in brain physiology culminate in a migraine attack. My specific objectives are to (i) gain insight in changes in cortical network activity underlying CSD in freely moving migraine mice and study the role of external influences such as stress and sleep (ii) identify changes in sensory processing that make migraine mice susceptible to CSD, and (iii) investigate whether increased susceptibility to CSD in migraine mouse mutants relates to metabolic disturbances at the network and cellular level. My research will provide insight on changes in cortical function and sensory processing preceding and following CSD events in migraine mice which will help understand how pain mechanisms are activated in migraine. Such knowledge is needed to improve therapeutic strategies. To ensure coherent translation of our experimental findings to the patient, my research will be tightly regulated by feedback from the clinic.

Keywords: brain research,neurophysiology,migraine,eeg,behaviour,transgenic mice,calcium channels