Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of Laser Diagnostic Techniques for Combustion Studies (DALDECS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-02-01
End date: 2015-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2466000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2466000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project is directed towards development of new laser diagnostic techniques and a deepened physical understanding of more established techniques, aiming at new insights in phenomena related to combustion processes. These non-intrusive techniques with high resolution in space and time, will be used for measurements of key parameters, species concentrations and temperatures. The techniques to be used are; Non-linear optical techniques, mainly Polarization spectroscopy, PS. PS will mainly be developed for sensitive detection with high spatial resolution of &quot;new&quot; species in the IR region, e.g. individual hydrocarbons, toxic species as well as alkali metal compounds. Multiplex measurements of these species and temperature will be developed as well as 2D visualization. Quantitative measurements with high precision and accuracy; Laser induced fluorescence and Rayleigh/Raman scattering will be developed for quantitative measurements of species concentration and 2D temperatures. Also a new technique will be developed for single ended experiments based on picosecond LIDAR. Advanced imaging techniques; New high speed (10-100 kHz) visualization techniques as well as 3D and even 4D visualization will be developed. In order to properly visualize dense sprays we will develop Ballistic Imaging as well as a new technique based on structured illumination of the area of interest for suppression of multiple scattering which normally cause blurring effects. All techniques developed above will be used for key studies of phenomena related to various combustion phenomena; turbulent combustion, multiphase conversion processes, e.g. spray combustion and gasification/pyrolysis of solid bio fuels. The techniques will also be applied for development and physical understanding of how combustion could be influenced by plasma/electrical assistance. Finally, the techniques will be prepared for applications in industrial combustion apparatus, e.g. furnaces, gasturbines and IC engines

Keywords: laser diagnostics,laser spectroscopy,combustion,flames,laser-induced fluorescence
Polarization Phenomena in Quantum Microcavities (POLAPHEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Iceland,France,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 370800.0
EU funding (EUR): 370800.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The investigation of light-matter interactions nano- scale objects attracts the growing interest of researchers. This interest is largely motivated by the possibility of reaching the strong light-matter coupling regime, where the elementary excitations – polaritons – have a hybrid, half-light half-matter nature. The unusual properties of the polaritons make them a unique laboratory for study of fundamental quantum effects such as high temperature Bose Einstein condensation, superfluidity, entanglement etc. The important property of the polaritonic systems is their polarization (spin) properties. The interplay between bosonic stimulated scattering of cavity polaritons and their spin precession under effective magnetic fields of various origin makes polarization dynamics in quantum microcavities extremely rich and interesting from fundamental point of view. Moreover, the possibility to manipulate spin of polaritons opens a way to experimental realization of optoelectronics devices of new generation, i.e. spinoptronic devices. With respect to optics, spin-optronics has the advantage of being able to use well controlled carrier interactions occurring in nanostructures. With respect to ‘spintronics’, it has the advantage of strongly reducing the dramatic impact of carrier spin relaxation or decoherence, which has severely limited the achievement or the functionality of any working semiconductor-based spintronic devices. Our research will be aimed at theoretical study of the coherent polarization (spin) phenomena in quantum microcavities with embedded quantum wells and dots in order to formulate practical recommendations for design of various spinoptronic devices: all- optical locical gates, optical circuits, polarization filters and sources of entangled photon pairs. In order to achieve this goal we created the distributed consortium (network) of partner institutions, located in EU and associated countries (Iceland, France, UK) and in Eligible Third Countries (Mexic

Keywords: microcavity,polariton,spin,mesoscopic optics
New Century of Superconductivity: Ideas, Materials, Technologies (SIMTECH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy,France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 712800.0
EU funding (EUR): 712800.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

This project is devoted to the new trends in superconductivity. It contains both experimental and theoretical component. We intend to realize the new superconductive nano-systems with high critical parameters, to study the possibility of superconductivity in the system of relativistic electrons in graphene, pumping effect in Josephson systems, a new mechanism of interaction between electrons of two Fermi seas, mediated by excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate of exciton-polaritons, to develop a new diagnostic methods based on the fluctuation spectroscopy, to apply them for investigation of the pseudo-gap state properties of HTS. In the present project the experts in superconductivity of the highest international recognition take part side by side with young researchers from five institutions of four countries. The network institutions are located in the EU countries (France, Italy) and in the Eligible Third Countries of the former Soviet Union (Russia, Ukraine). Each of them has its own specialization and is related with others by virtue of already existing traditional collaborative links, partially supported by different national or bilateral programs. In the course of the project we are going to exploit the existing collaboration links and to create the new ones between partners. The main goal of the project is studying and optimization of the mechanisms of realization of the superconductivity in novel systems and materials. Series of bilateral visits, training workshops and meetings are planned for this purpose.

Keywords: superconductivity,nano-physics,vortices,ferromagnets,graphene
Multimedia Scalable 3D for Europe (MUSCADE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: Pervasive and Trustworthy network and service infrastructures
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,France,Germany,United Kingdom,Italy,Hungary,Luxembourg,France,Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 11709127.0
EU funding (EUR): 7445279.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

The last decade has seen a revolution in the distribution of motion content: from analogue to digital and then from SDTV to HDTV. Both the delivery and the content creation industries exploited these advances, for the final benefit of consumers. Today, it is widely accepted that the next step is the evolution from HDTV to 3DTV, as indicated by the new industrial fora that appeared in 2008. It has also been recognised that providing 3D to homes requires an abstraction layer decoupling content generation and reproduction in order to allow for adaptation to heterogeneous displays, viewing conditions and user preferences. MUSCADE will generate major innovations in the fields of production equipment and tools, production, transmission and coding formats allowing technology independent adaptation to any 3D display and transmission of multi-view signals while not exceeding double the data rate of monoscopic TV, and robust transmission schemes for 3DTV over all existing and future broadcast channels. The major scientific and technological objectives of MUSCADE are to: - define a scalable and generic 3DTV representation format, develop advanced multi-view video coding algorithms scalable in terms of network performances and display capabilities - design and develop an intelligent audio-visual capture and production assistance system performing multi-view configuration and providing calibration and metadata - design and develop advanced versions of spatialised sound in combination with 3D viewing having matched aural and visual cues - investigate and implement techniques for the scalable and robust transmission of 3DTV - design and develop a 3DTV player - develop a 3D video interactive application platform - set-up a complete multi-view scalable 3DTV chain to assess its performance over wireline, wireless and satellite networks and demonstrate a live chain from capture to rendering - define, develop and implement a quality metric to measure the Quality of Experience (QoE) for 3D audio-visual media The results of the project in terms of video/audio coding, programme production and quality assessment, transmission protocols and display adaptation will be input to the relevant standardization bodies, including 3D@Home Consortium, SMPTE/TF on 3D@home, ITU-R SG6, ISO/MPEG and DVB/ES on 3D.

Keywords: 3dtv broadcasting,3d scalable multi viewpoint video coding,spatialised sound,scalable networking,qoe
Industrial Systems Biology of Yeast and A. oryzae (INSYSBIO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499590.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499590.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metabolic engineering is the development of new cell factories or improving existing ones, and it is the enabling science that allows for sustainable production of fuels and chemicals through biotechnology. With the development in genomics and functional genomics, it has become interesting to evaluate how advanced high-throughput experimental techniques (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and fluxome) can be applied for improving the process of metabolic engineering. These techniques have mainly found applications in life sciences and studies of human health, and it is necessary to develop novel bioinformatics techniques and modelling concepts before they can provide physiological information that can be used to guide metabolic engineering strategies. In particular it is challenging how these techniques can be used to advance the use of mathematical modelling for description of the operation of complex metabolic networks. The availability of robust mathematical models will allow a wider use of mathematical models to drive metabolic engineering, in analogy with other fields of engineering where mathematical modelling is central in the design phase. In this project the advancement of novel concepts, models and technologies for enhancing metabolic engineering will be done in connection with the development of novel cell factories for high-level production of different classes of products. The chemicals considered will involve both commodity type chemicals like 3-hydroxypropionic acid and malic acid, that can be used for sustainable production of polymers, an industrial enzyme and pharmaceutical proteins like human insulin.

Keywords: metabolic engineering,industrial biotechnology
Risk and Valuation of Financial Assets: A Robust Approach (RIVAL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1266000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1266000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The recent financial crisis has brought to light the importance of correctly evaluating financial assets and their underlying risk. Any such valuation should be robust, i.e., should not be overly sensitive to the modelling assumptions. According to the Black--Scholes theory, which lies at the heart of most current valuation methods, the risk involved by a financial asset can be perfectly eliminated by pursuing a proper dynamic hedging strategy. Unfortunately, although formally elegant, this theory is too much of an idealization of the real world situation. The underlying model fails to be robust in two ways: the prices follow geometric Brownian motion, and transaction costs must be zero. The use of alternative models, e.g. based on fractional Brownian motion, was proposed more than 45 years ago by B.~Mandelbrot. The empirical findings give support to the use of such alternative models. Nevertheless, up to now these models could not be used to value financial assets, as they are not free of arbitrage. We propose an approach which makes it possible to value financial assets in an arbitrage free way, even in the framework of fractal models, by properly taking transaction costs into account. Our approach is based on utility theory. We also propose to control the risk of the related hedging strategies by imposing bounds in terms of risk measures. This allows for more realistic financial modelling with special emphasis on the aspect of the residual risk, remaining after hedging. From a mathematical point of view, our approach is based on the duality theory of infinite-dimensional optimization.

Keywords: mathematical finance,risk management,asset pricing
Words and Waring type problems (WORDS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1197800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1197800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Hilbert's solution to Waring problem in Number Theory shows that every positive integer is a sum of g(n) nth powers. Surprising non-commutative analogues of this phenomenon were discovered recently in Group Theory, where powers are replaced by general words. Moreover, the study of group words occurs naturally in important contexts, such as the Burnside problems, Serre's problem on profinite groups, and finite simple group theory. We propose a systematic study of word maps on groups, their images and kernels, as well as related Waring type problems. These include a celebrated conjecture of Thompson, problems regarding covering numbers and mixing times of random walks, as well as probabilistic identities in finite and profinite groups. This is a highly challenging project in which we intend to utilize a wide spectrum of tools, including Representation Theory, Algebraic Geometry, Number Theory, computational group theory, as well as probabilistic methods and Lie methods. Moreover, we aim to establish new results on representations and character bounds, which would be very useful in various additional contexts. Apart from their intrinsic interest, the problems and conjectures we propose have exciting applications to other fields, and the project is likely to shed new light not just in group theory but also in combinatorics, probability and geometry.

Keywords: word maps,finite simple groups,probabilistic methods,character methods,random walks,pro-p groups,conjugacy classes
Systems and Signals Tools for Estimation and Analysis of Mathematical Models in Endocrinology and Neurology (SYSTEAM)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2378999.6
EU funding (EUR): 2378999.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal envisages a research program in the field of systems and signals that will lead to innovative and agile mathematical modeling as well as model-based signal processing and control tools for applications in biology and medicine. The project&apos;s goal is to bridge the gap between systems biology, on one hand, and medical signal processing and control engineering, on the other. Mathematical models of systems biology will be used to devise algorithms for biological data processing and computerized medical interventions. Experimental biological and clinical data will be utilized to estimate and characterize the parameters of mathematical models derived for biological phenomena and mechanisms. An extensive collaboration network of medical researchers from Sweden and abroad will provide the project team with necessary experimental data as well as with access to medical competence. The envisaged tools are expected to be applicable more generally but their efficacy will be demonstrated in two main application areas. These areas are endocrinology and neurology for which the use of formal control engineering and signal processing methods is currently deemed to be most promising. The proposed program will result in novel systems and signals tools for medical research and health care enabling multi-input multi-output modeling and analysis of endocrine regulations and providing model-based algorithms for individualized drug dose titration.

Keywords: system identification and modeling,biomedical signal processing and control systems
Species Identity and SYmbiosis Formally and Experimentally explored (SISYPHE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2333272.0
EU funding (EUR): 2333272.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Symbiosis is described as a close relationship between different biological species. It is a pervasive phenomenon, often of a long term nature. It has been estimated that 50% of all known species are parasites, i.e. maintain a symbiotic relation with another species from which they benefit while the partner in the relation is harmed, and that close to a 100% of all plants and animals are parasitised as individuals. Indeed, there are thought to be 10 times more bacterial cells in a human body than human cells. There is growing recognition that symbiosis has a profound impact on the origin and maintenance of the biome and of its ecosystems, on the health of living organisms, and even on sex! Symbiosis thus appears essential to understand some of the most fundamental evolutionary and functional questions related to living organisms. Nevertheless, although symbiotic relationships have been studied by biologists since the early 19th century, they remain little explored by computational biologists. Yet, investigating the enormous variety of such relationships raises formidable mathematical and computational issues. By a highly pluri-disciplinary approach that blends mathematics, algorithmics and wet-lab experiments, we propose to do an intensive, large-scale exploration of the huge variety of genomic and biochemical landscapes observed in the symbiont world, at the interface between symbionts and hosts, and of both with their environment. Our objective is to arrive at a clear view of the importance of symbiosis. This could have far-fetched theoretical and practical implications, notably on our notions of health, our relation with our environment, and our idea of what is species identity, including our idea of what is an individual .

Keywords: algorithmics,statistics,evolution,comparative biology,systems biology
Deep subsurface Archaea: carbon cycle, life strategies, and role in sedimentary ecosystems (DARCLIFE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Earth system science
Countries involved: Germany,Germany
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2908590.0
EU funding (EUR): 2908590.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Archaea are increasingly recognized as globally abundant organisms that mediate important processes controlling greenhouse gases and nutrients. Our latest work, published in PNAS and Nature, suggests that Archaea dominate the biomass in the subseafloor. Their unique ability to cope with extreme energy starvation appears to be a selecting factor. Marine sediments are of crucial importance to the redox balance and climate of our planet but the regulating role of the deep biosphere remains one of the great puzzles in biogeochemistry. The unique and diverse sedimentary Archaea with no cultured representatives, so-called benthic archaea, are key to understanding this system. Their presumed ability to degrade complex recalcitrant organic residues highlights their relevance for the carbon cycle and as potential targets for biotechnology. I propose to study the role of benthic archaea in the carbon cycle and in the deep biosphere and to explore their life strategies. This task requires an interdisciplinary frontier research approach at the scale of an ERC grant, involving biogeochemistry, earth sciences, and microbiology. Central to my research strategy is the information contained in structural and isotopic properties of membrane lipids from benthic archaea, an area of research spearheaded by my lab. In-depth geochemical examination of their habitat will elucidate processes they mediate. Metagenomic analysis will provide a phylogenetic framework and further insights on metabolism. At the Archaeenzentrum in Regensburg, we will grow model Archaea under a set of environmental conditions and examine the impact on cellular lipid distributions in order to develop the full potential of lipids as proxies for studying nearly inaccessible microbial life. Attempts to enrich benthic archaea from sediments will complement this approach. This frontier research will constrain the role of benthic archaea in the Earth system and examine the fundamental properties of life at minimum energy.

Keywords: archaea,marine sediment,deep biosphere,carbon cycle,lipid biomarker,stable isotopes,mass spectrometry,biogeochemistry,geomicrobiology