Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Fluctuating selection, evolution, and plasticity in random environments (FluctEvol)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Panel description: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental change, evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, microbial ecology, marine biology, ecophysiology, theoretical developments and modelling
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499665.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499665.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Temporal environmental variation in natural systems includes a large component of random fluctuations, the magnitude and predictability of which is modified under current climate change. The need for predicting eco-evolutionary impacts of plastic and evolutionary responses to changing environments is still hampered by lack of strong experimental evidence. FluctEvol aims at shedding a new light on population responses to stochastic environments, and facilitating their prediction, using a unique combination of approaches. First, theoretical models of evolution and demography under a randomly changing optimum phenotype will be designed and analysed, producing new quantitative predictions. Second, statistical methodologies will be developed, and employed in meta-analyses of long-term datasets from natural populations. And third, large-scale and automated experimental evolution in stochastic environments will be carried out with the micro-alga Dunaliella salina, an extremophile that thrives at high and variable salinities. We will manipulate the magnitude and predictability of fluctuations in salinity, and use high-throughput phenotyping and candidate-gene sequencing to analyse the evolution of plasticity for traits involved in salinity adaptation in this species: glycerol and carotene content. We will thus combine the benefits of experimental evolution in microbes (short generations, ample replication) with a priori knowledge of ecologically relevant adaptive traits, allowing for hypothesis-driven experiments. The success of this project in increasing our predictive power about eco-evolutionary dynamics is warranted by the experience of the PI, at the interface between theoretical and empirical approaches. Our experiments will have relevance beyond academia, as we will modify through evolution the plasticity of traits (accumulation of energetic cell metabolites) that are direct targets for bioindustry, thus potentially overcoming current limitations in productivity.

Keywords: evolutionary theory,experimental evolution,contemporary evolution,phenotypic plasticity,genetics of adaptation
Optoacoustic sensors for early disease detection and monitoring (RSENSE4Health)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Germany
Call: FET Innovation Launchpad (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-4, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-05-31
Duration (months): 21.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are responsible for the majority of the morbidity and mortality in the EU. However, to date there is no technology available that offers a non-invasive and portable way for disseminated measurements of disease effects on the systemic level or for monitoring disease progression from early development stages. RSENSE4Health aims to accelerate the exploitation of a powerful, portable optoacoustic sensor, developed under the FET Open project RSENSE. For the first time, this sensor can non-invasively detect the systemic effects of diabetes and CVD developing in home environments – a performance not available to any other sensors. With more than one billion potential users, this technology has an enormous market and global impact potential. To bring this innovation to the market, RSENSE4Health will sharpen product specifications with stakeholder interviews, solidify patent strategy, and identify an optimal regulatory and business roadmap. RSENSE4Health will synergize with the RSENSE consortium to strengthen the exploitation plan and accelerate company spin-off and product launch.

Keywords: optoacoustic sensor,sensing,early detection,progression monitoring,medical device,diagnostics,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes
Development and Control of Flexible Mode-locked Integrated Laser (DC FlexMIL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Canada
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 255349.8
EU funding (EUR): 255349.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims at the development, characterization and control of a novel class of high repetition rate ultra-short pulse lasers featured by stable, flexibly shapeable emission properties combined in an integrated format (i.e. on chip). The associated benefits in terms of cost, size, and power consumption paired with the intrinsic flexibility are unquestionably significant characteristics to fulfil the dynamic needs of numerous sophisticated applications in the broad areas of metrology, telecommunications, microchip-computing etc., and will in turn enable to finally bring these innovative integrated lasers to the public market. By exploiting a high-Q microring resonator, a novel mode-locking approach named filter driven four-wave mixing (FD-FWM) will be used to achieve stable high-quality spectral emission. Enabled by this scheme, we will investigate and exploit the interesting effect of higher-order modulation instability dynamics (a higher-order characteristic of the mechanism responsible for laser mode-locking, not yet explored), to control and shape the emission as well as the noise properties of the proposed integrated laser device. In particular this will be achieved by dynamically controlling the main cavity dispersion of the system via incorporated specially designed Bragg grating waveguides. In parallel with the investigations on the controllability of the laser emission, the integration of the whole device will be pushed forward by designing and fabricating microring resonators based on silicon (oxy)nitrite technology as well as by developing a novel miniaturized laser scheme based on semiconductor optical amplifiers. The external optical control possibilities of the laser scheme proposed here will be exploited with a view to synchronize two lasers, a highly important achievement for next generation multi-source telecommunication networks.

Keywords: integrated optics,mode locked lasers,semiconductors,micro system engineering
Nitric oxide regulation of repolarisation in the heart: role of mechanical stress (NO-STRESS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-09-30
End date: 2020-09-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading risk factor for stroke and is a growing public health burden. The condition is associated with pronounced electrical remodelling of the atria and can prove challenging to treat. A potential target for AF therapies is the repolarising potassium current IKur, carried by the atrial specific ion channel Kv1.5. This channel is not found in the ventricles and therefore provides an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of AF. In atrial myocytes isolated from patients in AF we have shown an increase in IKur, as well as a reduction in the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Inhibition of nNOS in mycoytes from patients in sinus rhythm recapitulated the AF phenotype. Kv1.5 is also modulated by mechanical stress, which has been shown to affect NO production in myocytes. We have shown that shear stress recruits Kv1.5 from an intracellular pool to the cell surface, leading to an increase in IKur. This proposal aims to investigate mechanism by which nNOS regulates IKur. We hypothesise that mechanical stress (likely modified in AF) will result in altered nNOS regulation of Kv1.5 in human myocytes. We will go on to investigate how nNOS regulation of Kv1.5 is dysregulated in AF. A multi-disciplinary approach will be used employing a) human mycoytes isolated from patients, b) an nNOS knockout (-/-) mouse and c) cardiomycoytes overexpressing GFP-Kv1.5. Whole cell currents from isolated myocytes will be measured electrophysiologically, and IKur pharmacologically dissected. A range of biochemical techniques will be employed to investigate the physical interactions between nNOS and Kv1.5. Conventional and TIRF microscopy will be used to examine the localisation of Kv1.5 and partner proteins when nNOS activity is inhibited, or where the nNOS protein is absent (nNOS-/-). This translational study will improve our understanding of ion channel regulation in AF and may identify important new targets for AF therapies.

Keywords: electrophysiology,atrial fibrillation,potassium current
The first technology enabling large-scale gallium nitride industrialisation for mainstream power electronics and RF applications (eleGaNt)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-2, 2019)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2021-11-30
Duration (months): 26.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2920673.75
EU funding (EUR): 2044471.63
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

As the world becomes digitalized, the need for more energy efficient, faster and better performing Electronic Components and Systems (ECS) becomes paramount. These ECS are fully dependent on the semiconductor materials within, currently over 90% silicon (Si)-based. Pure Si technology can no longer cater to the needs placed upon ECS for power electronics and RF applications and thus new semiconductor technologies based on gallium nitride (GaN) are being explored. GaN material properties make it the primary choice for future generations of energy-efficient, high performance power electronics devices, necessary to modernize the energy grid and allow for sustainable energy production and use. However, bulk GaN is prohibitively expensive and thus inaccessible to mainstream applications. The main approach to making the technology commercially viable, reducing its cost significantly, is growing GaN layers on other materials, such as Si. Today, this poses a major technical barrier: existing methods result in high defect densities in the GaN layers, offering a fraction of the efficiency of bulk GaN and therefore poor ECS performance. Switching to GaN-on-Si today thus offers very limited advantages. To harness the full potential of GaN in a commercially viable way, we, at Hexagem, have developed EleGaNt, a cutting-edge new method of growing GaN semiconductor layers of unprecedented quality on any substrate. EleGaNt is the first to deliver capabilities on par with bulk GaN at the cost of current market-available underperforming GaN-on-Si. Our patented EleGaNt growth method introduces a new era of semiconductor wafer tech for an energy efficient power and RF electronics market and has the potential to become the new silicon in the multi-billion power electronics industry, whilst also offering a route towards expanding the TAM for GaN tech. We will license our tech to ECS manufacturers for integration into their fabs, whilst we remain a cutting-edge tech development company.
The expression of cultural cross-fertilization in Egyptian clothing of the 7th-10th centuries AD. (TUNICS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 219312.0
EU funding (EUR): 219312.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The TUNICS project explores the impact of cultural cross-fertilization between the diverse populations in Egypt in the Early Medieval period (7th - 10th centuries AD) through an innovative, comparative study of the tunics, the basic garment in Ancient Egypt, and items par excellence to express their wearers’ identity. TUNICS will be the first comprehensive study of clothing from this period in Egypt and will provide a systematic overview of an almost entirely unexplored field in Egyptian archaeology. Both comparative, experimental archaeology and innovative digital research methods will be used to fully investigate the relationship between the garments and their wearer. This research will be primarily object-based and the comparative analysis of data gathered from various museum collections and archaeological sites will not only enhance the insight in technical crafts knowledge, but will also contribute to the understanding of the development of ancient garments and offer a unique perspective to explore different aspects of cultural identity and society. The TUNICS project is hosted by the University of Copenhagen’s Centre for Textile Research (CTR) a world-wide renowned institute in the field of ancient textile studies. The project will benefit from the stimulating and interdisciplinary scientific environment, training opportunities and CTR’s international network. The comparative study will be communicated through a series of academic publications and conferences. An Open Access database will be accessible to professionals as well as to a broader audience with interest in costume and textile history.

Keywords: archaeology,egypt,tunics,textile history,costume history,late antiquity,early islamic period,textile structures
Platform for ultra-sensitive Point-of-Care diagnostics for Infectious Diseases (PoC-ID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Germany,Germany,Germany,Cyprus,Romania,Sweden,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Development of new diagnostic tools and technologies: in vitro devices, assays and platforms (H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2018-11-30
Duration (months): 43.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5963133.25
EU funding (EUR): 5963132.75
Participants: 14
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the PoC-ID project is to develop new micro- and nanoelectronic-based sensing and integration concepts for advanced miniaturised in vitro diagnostic devices. The project addresses the increasing demand for rapid and ultra-sensitive point-of-care diagnostics to reduce healthcare costs and increase the quality of life with a focus on infectious diseases, one of the world’s leading causes of morbidity and death. Interdisciplinary collaboration using the technology and expertise of the consortium members will be applied to develop and test a breakthrough PoC prototype for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections and host responses in the paediatric context. PoC-ID will enable new types of point-of-care diagnostics for virtually any type of complex liquid sample. Applications are disease diagnosis, monitoring of therapeutic responses, clinical research of pathogen-host interaction and personalised medicine. The platform technology can easily be adapted to a variety of diagnostic or biosensing purposes, such as in health/environmental monitoring or food quality testing. PoC-ID will combine the detection of both pathogens and host responses leading to more accurate diagnosis as compared to the current standard which is focused on detection of pathogens only. This novel approach will support prevention and control of pathogen spread and enable faster and more personalised patient treatment. Improved performance in terms of robustness, sensitivity and selectivity will be reached by a combination of innovative nanomembrane technology, molecular engineered capture molecules and two novel sensing concepts. Further advances will be realised in terms of usability and speed of data-analysis arising from the integration of sensors, read-out electronics and microfluidics into one user friendly point-of-care (PoC) platform. Costs of the new disposable sensors will be ultra-low at high volumes, thanks to designing into microelectronics production flows.

Keywords: carbon nanomembrane,bio sensor,graphene sensor,microfluidcs,microelectronics,polymer packaging,spiegelmers,aptamers,infectious disease,point of care,biofet,biomems
Magnetic Skyrmions for Future Nanospintronic Devices (MAGicSky)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Switzerland,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: FET-Open research projects (H2020-FETOPEN-2014-2015-RIA, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3396439.6
EU funding (EUR): 3396439.1
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

Challenges facing technology for power efficient, high density, high speed information processing and storage are well recognised, and strategies for meeting them in the short term define the shape of industry roadmaps. As a consequence, in the next ten years, radically new approaches will be implemented and will transform how data is stored and manipulated. Skyrmion-based devices are newcomers to this global race for the next generations of information technology. Skyrmions were discovered in magnetic crystals only a few years ago, but we already have within reach a possibility to create them in nanoscale devices that can be made compatible with conventional integrated circuit technology. Our work in MAGicSky will substantiate this possibility. The potential benefits are enormous. Skyrmions are magnetic solitons that carry information, and are remarkably robust against defects that can trap or destroy them due to the topology of their magnetic texture. Topology also appears to further underlie other of their technologically important features: mobility with small continuous currents and singular dynamics under radio-frequency. MAGicSky will engage some of the most advanced materials fabrication, characterisation and microscopic imaging facilities in Europe together with leading theoretical and computational modelling capabilities, to create the first proof-of-concept room temperature spintronic devices based on magnetic skyrmions.

Keywords: skyrmion,topological solitons,interface driven phenomena,chiral magnetism,magnetic multilayers,magnetic imaging,magnetic storage,low power electronics,nonvolatile memories
New Frontiers in Modeling Planet-Disk Interactions: from Disk Thermodynamics to Multi-Planet Systems (DiskTorqueOnPlanets)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2019-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent space missions such as CoRoT and Kepler have revolutionized exoplanetary science. Today, we know of thousands of systems with awide diversity of architectures, proving that our Solar System is not typical. Understanding how these systems form and evolve is currently one of the most active area of astrophysics. The processes that dictate the dynamics of planets play a fundamental role in shaping the architecture of the systems we observe. In the present paradigm, as planets accrete mass from the primordial disk, they are subject to interactions with it and with other planets. These interactions exert torques, and make the planets migrate. Disk-planet interactions depend strongly on the physical processes governing the dynamics of the disk. I demonstrated a clear example of this in a recent paper in Nature, showing that the disk heating by an accreting embryo have a strong impact on the torques. This proposal has two objectives with the potential to produce a leap forward in our understanding of the long-term evolution of planetary systems. (i) I will produce the most advanced framework to date for investigating planetary migration in magnetohydrodynamic disk simulations, including ohmic, ambipolar and Hall effects. I will do this self-consistently by considering the chemical evolution of the dusty gas. Calculating its ionization state and opacity, will moreover allow me to incorporate radiation more realistically. (ii) I will build on a new technique that I have developed, the use of 3D radially moving meshes. This groundbreaking technique enables to follow the migration of multiple planets allowing studying their long-range migration. I want to carry out this research program at The Niels Bohr Institute. The combined expertise of the groups in Copenhagen, together with their impressive computational resources, provide an unparalleled environment to achieve my research goals and develop myself as a leading international figure in this rapidly evolving field.

Keywords: planet disk interactions,protoplanetary disks,computational astrophysics,extra solar planets,planetary formation,planetary evolution,magneto hydrodynamic,radiative transfer