Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
GREENHOUSE SOLUTION TO AVOID FILM COVER U.V. AND SULPHUR DEGRADATION (GREENAVOID)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research for the benefit of SMEs
Destination: Research for SMEs
Action type: Research for the benefit of specific groups
Countries involved: France,Germany,Spain,Spain,Israel,Spain,Italy
Call:  (FP7-SME-2012, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2014-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1459229.0
EU funding (EUR): 1140000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Greenhouse cultivation under plastic has allowed converting apparently unproductive lands in modern agriculture exploitations. Different types of plastic materials such as Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC), Poly Carbonate (PC) and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) are commonly used for cladding of greenhouse structures. However, most of plastic polymer films are prone to photo-degradation when exposed to UV radiation (290–400 nm) or even visible radiation (400–700 nm). In hot regions in combination with agrochemicals, degradation is a bigger problem. Durability is one of the aspects that most interest and worry to end users. Manufacturing of plastics resistant to treatments done in greenhouses are the battlefield of the companies in this industry and phytosanitary products such as sulphur and chlorine have become their greater enemy. Among these products burning sulphur is especially aggressive and the current method of application has a big impact in plastic degradation. GREENAVOID project aims to develop an innovative integrated solution combining a new polyethylene greenhouse plastic resistant to UV degradation in the presence of burning Sulphur with an improved Sulphur vaporizer designed to minimize the amount of product reaching the cover. Thanks to our integrated solution we aim to obtain a film with 3 years guaranteed durability in the presence of burning sulphur and a radiation of 145-150 KlAngleys/year, the average radiation Greenhouses suffer in South Europe. Moreover, it will be resistant to sulphur concentration in plastic of ≥3500ppm, chlorine concentration of ≥250ppm, with High NIR (near Infrared) and UV blocking, minimum PAR transmittance 85% and 35-40% haze. The impact of GreenaVoid solution will be bigger in the EU considering, not only the total revenue of the SMEs, but also the savings for the end user (grower), savings in energy for PE production, and displaced imports from China.

Keywords: greenhouse sulphur plastic photodegradation
Carbon dioxide photoreduction: A great challenge for photocatalysis (CO2PHOTORED)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-26
End date: 2014-10-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 176053.2
EU funding (EUR): 176053.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The reduction of carbon dioxide has received a great deal of attention in recent years. With increasing concerns about rising atmospheric CO2 levels, scientists have discussed new strategies to reduce the impact of CO2 on global warming. Many ideas have involved trapping the “greenhouse gas” and converting it into fuels and organic materials, using either light or electrical energy. In this context, one of the main challenges of photocatalysis is to enhance the photoreduction of carbon dioxide. This is an ambitious aim, but it could be achieved now because of the convergence of new experimental and theoretical developments. More specifically, the aim of the project is the activation of carbon dioxide followed by its photoreduction toward useful organic compounds using electron-transfer processes on heterogeneous catalysts. In this context, the new topics that will be studied are: 1) the semiconductor deposition/encapsulation on/in a nanoporous support/host which will acts as a cooperative entity in the photoreduction of CO2 by performing a proper adsorption of the substrate molecules; 2) study and development of the new doping strategies for improving the photoactivity and the ability to absorb visible solar spectrum; 3) the development of a new CO2 mitigation strategy by studying and preparing photoreducers and hybrid photosensitizer – semiconductor systems, and 4) use of the developed materials in a photoreactor. The last topic represents the first step into a new technology for artificial photosynthesis. Reaching the objectives of the proposal will open a wide field of investigation that goes far beyond questions of developmental of photocatalysis. The originality and innovative nature of the project lie in the link between chemical, physical and photo-physical properties of the developed materials.

Keywords: heterogeneous photocatalysis,carbon dioxide mitigation,carbon dioxide photoreduction
Wound induced electrical signals in Arabidopsis thaliana (WOUND IN EARTH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-07-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 240455.07
EU funding (EUR): 240455.07
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Electrical phenomena in plants were first documented in the 1800s, yet progress in this area has been slow. There is evidence that most plants produce electrical signals that travel long distances within the plant. This electrical activity is triggered by biotic and abiotic stimuli, supporting the notion that excitability is a robust biological trait in plants. Major objectives of this project are to characterize waveform parameters (e.g. duration, amplitude) as well as dynamic parameters (e.g. velocity) of electrical signals induced by wounding in Arabidopsis thaliana. To this end, we will develop a technique that uses aphid stylets severed from feeding aphids with a highly focused radio-frequency pulse. With this approach we will register single electrical signals that travel along the phloem, a major site of electrical activity. These intracellular recordings will be paired with surface recordings obtained simultaneously for the same signals. Wounds will be inflicted with a collimated laser beam, an approach that does not mechanically disturb the plant and is therefore suitable for electrophysiology, while allowing controlling location and size of the wound. Laser wounding induces an electrical signal similar in waveform and duration to that induced by mechanical wounding (crushing). Both wounding methods dramatically increase expression of JAZ10, a jasmonate response gene that is commonly used as a marker of the wound response. The wound-induced electrical signal will be also investigated in loss-of-function mutant plants that either do not produce the jasmonate response (aos mutant) or that do not respond to jasmonate (coi1-1 mutant). Whether aphid infestation remodels the wound-induced electrical signal will also be tested. This is an interdisciplinary project that brings together an expert in the plant's wound response and an expert in animal electrophysiology, to create new knowledge in a neglected area of Biology.

Keywords: arabidopsis,electrophysiology,intracellular recording,surface recording,aphid,stylet,wound response,jasmonate
Female migrants from developed countries in Southern Europe: A study of integration (FEMIDE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 249911.6
EU funding (EUR): 249911.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Women-migrants in Europe often face the ‘double disadvantage’ [as women and as foreigners] in the two main, mutually reinforcing aspects of their migration careers [the socio-political disadvantage and the labour market disadvantage] (Boswell et a. 2004; Boyd & Grieco 2003; CEDAW 2010; Rubin et al. 2008). Their social exclusion is illuminated by their intersecting encounters with racism and xenophobia, sexism, political inactivity and impeded access to welfare services and benefits. In the labour market they face the following forms of disadvantage: (1) unemployment; (2) under-employment (or over-qualification); (3) temporary and short-term contracts, and (4) discriminated payment in comparison with both the native-born- and the male migrant populations. This is particularly the case for (highly) skilled female migrants in SE. Detailed knowledge about their integration experiences and strategies is a tool toward the utilization of their skills in destination countries. However, there is insufficient and disintegrated information about this (ibid). The FEMIDE project will explore, from the multi-disciplinary perspective, integration among US and UK women living in the SE countries of Italy and Greece. It will focus on women who have settled in these countries having received university degrees in their countries of origin, and who could therefore contribute to so-called ‘skilled’ workforce. The project will use multiple methods such as narrative biographic interview, e-forum, e-survey, focus group, critical discourse analysis and social network analysis in order to understand to what extent these women have been integrated and to what extent their skills have been utilized within the transitional migration regime context and within the global context of high skill shortages. The concepts of ‘gender’, ‘skilled migration’ and ‘labour market segmentation’ will theoretically inform my inquiry into how such female migrants understand their own integration or exclusion.

Keywords: brain gain,gender,feminization of migration,integration,intra-oecd migration,labour market segmentation,life-style migration,narrative biographic research,skilled migration,southern europe
Search for Innate Markers of Barbary Affinity (SIMBA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 238068.6
EU funding (EUR): 238068.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent disparate studies on lion (Panthera leo) phylogeography have focused on both the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and autosomal markers (SNP/Microsatellites) to produce a patchwork of results covering select regions of the lions range. The lack of an integrated approach to the question of lion evolutionary development has actively hindered conservation efforts, which rely on knowledge of the interrelationships between populations to effectively manage natural diversity. A major hurdle to achieving complete genetic coverage of lion populations throughout their modern range has been the very recent extinction of populations from North Africa (extinct ~1940) and the Middle East (extinct ~1957) and the rarity of lions representing the West African (P.l.senegalensis) and Central African (P.l.azandica) subspecies in the wild and in zoo populations. Recent advances in ancient DNA techniques now allow for the routine generation of sequence data in the range of millions of basepairs (MBP) from ancient material, opening up the possibility of recovering whole genomes (both mitochondrial and nuclear) from preserved remains. Application of cutting-edge aDNA techniques to the problems presented by lion phylogeography offers the means to produce a comprehensive study of lion evolution and expansion. To achieve these objective, the project will aim to: 1) Extract and enrich DNA from museum and modern P.leo samples representing rare and extinct populations, to produce high quality genomic libraries. 2) Generate complete mitochondrial genomes, the first to be sequenced from P.leo, and informative autosomal genes as well as a library of modern P.leo LINE elements 3) Generate a species level phylogeny covering complete range for modern lions using combined dataset of mtDNA and nuDNA, incorporating all previously published data. 4) Identify Barbary lion specific mtDNA SNPs, nuDNA SNPs and LINEs with which to screen zoo population.

Keywords: biogeography,nature conservation,evolutionary biology,genomics,molecular genetics,molecular evolution
Nanowire electro-mechanical-optical systems (NEMO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-10
End date: 2014-05-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 178760.7
EU funding (EUR): 178760.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is the realization of a new class of electrical devices, in which mechanical deformation of a nano-object are used to tune its electronic transport properties. This is done through the use of radiation-pressure actuated optical forces on suspended one-dimensional electronic systems, such as semiconductor nanowires. While research in opto-mechanical systems and electro-mechanical systems is advancing at a rapid pace, the joining of the two fields is still lacking and opto-electro-mechanical devices are scarcely investigated. In these devices spatial deformations control the electronic properties of nano-object; suspended nanowires, for example, can oscillate (guitar string modes) modifying their distance with a back-gate electrode, linking mechanical deformation to an effective gating field which, in properly designed system, can control the flow of single electrons (Coulomb blockade). This proposal considers the realization of on-chip systems in which this dynamic is controlled by the use of optical forces, to obtain a precise and reliable tool to address the nanometric displacement of the object. Exploiting the capability of nanowires to sustain fiber-like optical modes, a coupling of photonic modes between an optical waveguide/microcavity is envisioned. Apart from its interest as a mini-invasive waveguide detector, this will open the route to the investigation of mechanical modes of nanowires coupled with optical waveguides/cavities or in LC resonant circuits, with the achievement of controlling the vibrational state of the object by shining light into the optical system. The final goal is the realization of optically controlled electro-mechanical transistors, both field-effect and single electrons, which could represent an absolutely new kind of device for sensing and a new exciting platform for fundamental physics invetigations.

Keywords: physical sciences,experimental physics,nanoelectronics,optics
The emergence of bioenergetic diversity in prokaryotes. (EBIODIP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 215701.2
EU funding (EUR): 215701.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Prokaryotes are characterised by an amazing metabolic diversity, which allows them to persist in diverse and often extreme habitats. Some are able to use light or organic matter to harvest energy and fix carbon, while others utilise chemo- or lithotrophic modes which use the redox potential of molecules found in their particular environment to harness energy for their survival. Molecular evolution studies, coupled to data from the geologic record, indicate that the variety of bioenergetic pathways seen in extant prokaryotes originated within the first billion years of life on Earth. While each pathway has been studied in considerable detail in isolation, not much is known about their relative evolutionary relationships. How did this metabolic diversity evolve? Did each pathway evolve independently or did they all evolve from a common ancestral metabolic mode? As in organismal evolution, it is likely that parts of pre-existing pathways were co-opted to evolve into new pathways. The aim is to test this hypothesis through comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis of the core protein complexes involved in energy metabolism. Apart from fermentation, most bioenergetic pathways have a similar general structure, with an electron transport chain composed of protein complexes acting as electron donors and acceptors, as well as a central cytochrome complex, mobile electron carriers, and an ATP synthase. Therefore, the different protein complexes that participate in distinct electron transport chains will be compared to each other, to establish their homology and evolutionary relationships. This analysis will yield insights into the origin of key innovations and the evolutionary flexibility of electron carriers, with potential applications in microbial fuel cell technology. A database to facilitate the comparison of bioenergetic pathways will also be constructed, and metagenomic data will be examined for the identification of novel bioenergetic enzymes.

Keywords: biodiversity,bioenergetics,evolutionary biology,phylogeny,molecular evolution,microbiology,fuel cell technology,genomics
Constructing Sexuality and Gender in Czechoslovak Sexological Discourses during Communism (1948-1989) (SEXOCOM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sexology enjoyed a special status under communism compared to other disciplines studying people and their relationships. While it was not banned by the Party and some branches even flourished, the object of its study provided for certain marginalization. The proposed research focuses on two sets of questions: the first exploring the institutionalization and practical impact of Czechoslovak sexology in the communist period (1948-89) and its influence on shaping gendered understandings of individuals and interpersonal relations, the second analyzing the broader political, academic and intellectual environment (i.e. criminology, medicine, pedagogy) Czechoslovak sexology was embedded in. The socio-historical analyses of sexology have predominantly focused on the discipline’s impact in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Less is known about the development of sexology during the 20th century and next to nothing about its workings and influence in communist societies. This project attempts to fill this gap and will be guided by the following questions: • Was there any specificity of sexology under communism, compared to the Western world? And if so, what was its nature? • How was Czechoslovak sexology influenced by Western sexological schools, and how did it manifest in Czechoslovak sexological texts and practices? • What kinds of sexual practices and gender identities did Czechoslovak sexology deem normal and what forms were diagnosed as pathological? • How Czechoslovak sexology affected other academic disciplines and how was it affected by them? • What was the role of broader political environment (i.e. communist party documents and sex-educational policies and interventions)? These issues have remained unexplored, to the detriment of understanding the specificities of discursive constructions of gender and sexuality in the Eastern European context. This research will illuminate the overlooked intersection of scientific discourse, communism, and gender.

Keywords: social sciences,sexuality,gender,communism,sex customs,sexology
Health-related Behavior and Cost-effectiveness of Delivery Mechanisms of Health Products in Poor Economies: Structural and Experimental Evidence from Insecticide-treated bednets in Orissa (India) (HEALTHBEHAVIORINLDCS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 226548.4
EU funding (EUR): 226548.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This inter-disciplinary project adopts experimental and structural methodologies to study 1. sustainability and impacts of mechanisms to deliver health-protecting technologies to poor populations in developing countries; 2. methodological advances to understand health-related decision-making and behavior in such populations. The specific empirical framework is the uptake, usage and impacts on malaria indices of insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) in rural Orissa (India). Component 1. has four specific aims. First, evaluate to what extent consumer loans increased ITN ownership and usage in a cost-effective way, using data from the first randomized controlled trial where health-protecting technologies were provided at full cost but on credit, as compared to control conditions or free distribution. Second, evaluate the impacts of the alternative delivery mechanisms on clinically measured malaria indices. Third, contribute to a new literature that analyzes to what extent the fact itself of being surveyed can change behavior, possibly confounding the impact evaluation of policies. Fourth, evaluate the nature and extent of spillovers of the interventions on non-beneficiary households. Component 2. of the project adopts a dynamic discrete choice structural approach, adding novel identification results, to gauge whether preferences that are present-biased matter, in the study population, when households make decisions that may affect health in important ways.

Keywords: econometrics,economics of development,health economics