Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Acoustic Imaging of Macrophytes and Habitat Investigation (AIM-HI) (AIM-HI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-08
End date: 2012-11-07
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Marine environments worldwide are increasingly affected by climate change and human activities, and there is a growing need to collect high resolution seabed data for the sustainable management of marine resources. Macrophytes (aquatic plants large enough to see with the naked eye) include seaweed, algae and kelp. They are an important component of these habitats, as they support biodiversity (including fish), stabilise bottom sediments and maintain coastal water quality and clarity. Some algae are also extensively used in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industry. But they are highly susceptible to environment variations, impacting on local food webs and ecosystems. In the Arctic, where climate change is the most readily visible, macrophytes are important indicators of habitat health and glacier melting. The project will consist in adapting to multibeam echosounders the innovative techniques (including multidimensional wavelet decomposition of acoustic echoes and fuzzy-logic clustering) developed by the applicant for single-beam echosounders. This will allow imaging of larger portions of seabed, at faster survey speeds. This approach will be validated using large datasets acquired by the host institution for Arctic macrophytes in Kongsfjord (Svalbard) and temperate macrophytes in British Columbia, concurrent with still images and biological sampling by divers. The Arctic dataset consists in co-registered single-beam and multibeam measurements. Comparison of overlapping beams will provide a meaningful, quantitative basis for users of either (or both) systems. These results will be directly useable in other regions and a sea trial is envisaged in a suitable temperate and/or Arctic site. By translating validated processing schemes to new instruments, this will create a unified approach to the acoustic imaging of macrophytes, using standardised processing to reliably estimate spatial distribution and biomass of different macrophytes using any kind of echosounder

Keywords: acoustics,coastal zone management,environmental impact,marine ecosystems and processes
Magma Ascent Mathematical Modelling and Analysis (MAMMA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 190933.7
EU funding (EUR): 190933.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Volcanism is a strategic issue for Europe. Within the European Union there are several examples of volcanoes that directly threaten the lives of millions of people and advancing scientific and technological capabilities, such as computer models to simulate volcanic processes is a key challenge. The main goal of project MAMMA is to understand, through mathematical, numerical and physical models, how conduit processes and conduit geometry control volcanic unrest and eruption characteristics. The proposed work combines the skill of the applicant, a mathematician with a wide range of experience in multiphase flow modelling, with a training and research program aimed to extend during the outgoing phase his knowledge in several new methodologies and techniques from laboratory experiments, petrologic analysis and eruptive product collected in field trips. The applicant will have the opportunity to be trained in the School of Earth and Space Exploration of the Arizona State University (USA), home of a vibrant volcanology and planetary science community, and his activity in the outgoing phase will be carried out under the guide of Prof. Amanda Clarke. The return host of the research project is the Italian &quot;Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia&quot;, the largest European body dealing with research in geophysics and volcanology and the Scientist in Charge and Supervisor of the return phase will be Dr. Augusto Neri, whose experience in physical-mathematical modelling of volcanic processes perfectly fits the proposed project. The development of new magma ascent computer models, adequately validated with laboratory experiments and data, not only will contribute to the competitiveness and excellence of the European Union in volcanological research and risk assessment, but it will also create a mutually beneficial co-operation between Europe and United States.

Keywords: geophysics,volcanology,magma ascent,fragmentation,applied mathematics,numerical model,3d modelling
TOPOLOGICAL EFFECTS IN MATTER WITH STRONG SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING (TEMSSOC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 339403.8
EU funding (EUR): 339403.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This theoretical project addresses novel quantum phases of matter whose low energy properties are dominated by topological excitations: Majorana fermions in topological insulators, skyrmions in chiral magnets and magnetic monopoles in pyrochlore magnets. It is motivated by the recent experimental discovery of topological insulators (HgTe/CdTe,Bi1-xSbx or Bi2Se3), the mounting evidence for skyrmions in the chiral magnet MnSi (anomalous Hall effect measurements in 2009) and the prediction of magnetic monopoles in spin ice (by Roderich Moessner and co-workers in 2008). During the outgoing phase in UC Berkeley, we shall consider the interplay of interaction and spin-orbit effects in topological insulators both in bulk materials and in their heterostructures. The fellow researcher has previously studied heterostructures combining superconductors and ferromagnets. Majorana fermions are expected to appear when such heterostructures are deposited on top of a three-dimensional topological insulator. Moreover A. Vishwanath (outgoing host researcher) initiated the research on spin crystals and skyrmions in chiral magnets. During the return phase in MPIPKS Dresden, we shall investigate the properties of the magnetic monopoles predicted by Roderich Moessner (scientific in charge of this project) in spin ice (Dy2Ti2O7,Ho2Ti2O7). The mechanisms of the anomalous Hall effect in itinerant pyrochlore ferromagnets (Nd2Mo2O7, Pr2Ir2O7) will also be considered. Finally the present project will foster the study of topological insulators in the EU community, while these compounds have been almost exclusively studied in the USA so far. The present project is also relevant for other branches of physics since, in spite of a longstanding and on-going hunt, Majorana fermions, skyrmions and monopoles are still to be found in high-energy and nuclear physics.

Keywords: topological excitations. topological insulators. chiral ferromagnets. pyrochlore ferromagnets. majorana fermions. magnetic monopoles. spin-orbit coupling. anomalous hall effect. josephson effect.
Ion Beam Applications to High-density Memory Archives (IBAHMA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-01-05
End date: 2012-01-04
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 117213.6
EU funding (EUR): 117213.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nowadays, safe archival data storage has become an urgent issue. The IBAHMA project concerns a new approach to providing ultra-stable (>50 years), ultra-high density (>1Tbit/sq.in.) data storage for archival applications, using ion-implantation to write nanoscale data into hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) films. Wide bandgap optical materials, such as a-SiC:H, when exposed to moderate ion doses develop useful optical contrast between regions of different irradiation levels. Absorption coefficient change of 1-2 orders of magnitude can be achieved by ion bombardment with chemically active species, like Ga+. The optical contrast formation mechanism is based on the ion beam induced structural and chemical modification of the implanted material, leading to considerable optical band-gap decrease and hence optical absorption increase. Furthermore, high-resolution digital (or analog) features of about 10 nm minimum size can be generated using focused ion beams (FIB), leading potentially to ultra-high storage densities. The use of Ga+ as an implanted species is of particular interest due to its widespread use in FIB systems and its relatively low melting point, which favours Ga incorporation as dispersed clusters or small nanoparticles in the host material. In this project, the precise nature of Ga incorporation into a-SiC:H films will be investigated, and the role of implantation conditions and post-implantation treatments on the achievable data density, readout contrast and data longevity will be investigated, and optimised conditions determined. In particular the precise role of temperature, both of the SiC &apos;target&apos; during implantation and of post-implantation annealing treatments in determining the data storage characteristics (density, contrast, longevity) will be determined. The likely limitations for the practical application of this potentially very important new approach to data storage will also be assessed.

Keywords: technological sciences,ion implantation,focused ion beams,nanoscale optical archival data storage,sub-micron lithography masks,hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide
Role of microglial phagocytosis in ischemic-hypoxic neuronal loss (MIPHISNELO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory neurodegeneration occurs in most brain pathology, and may both protect and damage the brain. Inflammation in the brain is largely controlled by brain macrophages called microglia and when ischemia occurs microglia becomes activated in association with neuronal loss. AIMS: The aim of this project is to determine whether hypoxia-ischemia induces neuronal loss mediated by microglia and/or phagocytosis, and to test whether inhibition of phagocytosis blocks neuronal loss, leaving viable neurons. METHODS: We will use neurons co-cultured with astrocytes and/or microglia from neonatal rat or mouse brain. Co-cultures will be incubated in either excitotoxic or oxygen and glucose deprivation conditions of different durations to determine conditions in which maximal neuronal loss occurs without apparent cell death. Once we obtain such conditions, we will incubate cells with and without microglia to unravel whether this neuronal loss is induced by microglia and by or without contact with neurons (using transwells). Immunocytochemistry studies will determine neuron and microglia molecules involved in their interaction after hypoxia-ischemia. Video microscopy will be used to test whether neuronal loss is mediated by phagocytosis. Phagocytosis inhibition will be studied to determine whether it prevents neuronal loss. Neurons and/or microglia from MFG-E8 knockout mice and Mer kinase mutant rats will be used to further test the roles of phagocytosis and phagocytic signalling in ischemic neuronal loss. EXPECTED RESULTS: to unravel a new mode of neuronal death in hypoxia-ischemia conditions and to test for possible drug inhibitors to prevent such death.

Keywords: health sciences,neurochemistry,molecular biology,molecular markers and recognition,biological sciences,brain research,neurosciences
Physics beyond the Standard Model: establishing footprints in the light of data (BEYONDSMFROMDATA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-01
End date: 2012-01-31
Duration (months): 15.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158445.6
EU funding (EUR): 158445.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Large Hadron Collider will be the first accelerator to directly and fully explore the Fermi energy scale, thereby offering the opportunity of a real understanding of its dynamics. The relevance of this task is only comparable with the challenge of extracting new information from the LHC data and of finding the correct signal interpretation out of many theoretical possibilities. In fact, existing data already provide important hints on likely and less likely new physics models and constrain many appealing cases whose LHC signals would clearly stand out; a more realistic scenario is that discoveries will rely on the ability to trigger on the right quantities out of a complicated background. This highlights the possibility of a complementary role between existing data and the LHC ones in the search for new physics effects. Specifically, the former data may be used to literally guide the definition of the most promising LHC search channels. This of course requires the prior definition of a calculable theory framework, so that it can actually be compared with data themselves. I will consider certain classes of models and study whether applying the existing constraints allows indeed to identify the LHC channels where these models have best chances to be unveiled. This program proceeds through the following main questions: a) how loose constraints on a given set of theory parameters may be and which channels may be most sensitive to them; b) what level of background is to be expected in the search channels found by point a; c) what is the `discriminating&apos; power that these search channels have on the theory under consideration, i.e. the chance that a positive signal may be due to something else than that theory. Crucial is the choice of the considered classes of models. I will follow two parallel strategies, that should be complementary in the balance between generality and predictivity, and that should span a large set of `representative' theories.

Keywords: subnuclear physics,standard model of particle interactions,non-standard-model particle interactions,collider physics
Current-induced domain wall motion in magnetic nanostrips (CIDWM-NANOSTRIPS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166145.6
EU funding (EUR): 166145.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The recent progress in the fabrication and direct synthesis of laterally confined structures, thanks to lithography techniques, has given rise to renewed interest in understanding the interaction between spin-polarized current and magnetic domain walls (DWs), because of it is a key technology for the future spintronics. Although there are several possible ways in which current can interact with magnetic domains, the most interesting interaction is that in which spin angular momentum transferred from the spin-polarized current results in motion of the domain wall. The main aim of the present project is the study of CIDWM in nanostrips with different configurations of magnetic anisotropy. As a starting point, permalloy nanostrips with longitudinal anisotropy will be analyzed, where the composition will be varied in order to modify the STT. In a second stage, the project will be focused towards more original systems with perpendicular anisotropy. The research combines different activities: elaboration and nanofabrication of metallic nanostrips, study of the domain wall motion induced by spin-polarized current (this includes analysis of DW topology, depinning, velocity, mobility and position as a function of dimensions of nanostrips and current) using advanced magnetic imaging techniques, and advances in the micromagnetic modeling of the spin transfer torque. An important aspect of this project will be the effort for understanding inconsistencies and unresolved issues in the interaction of spin-polarized current with DW (existence and nature of non adiabatic contribution, thermal effects, maximum speed of DW driven by current and magnitude of current required to sustain the motion of DW along a nanostrip), whose answer will determine how useful CIDWM will be for technological applications. Therefore, the project pretends to include a good balance between fundamental, applied and theoretical research

Keywords: electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,solid state physics,magnetic nanostructures,spin transfer torque,spintronic
Subjectivity and Self-Effectivity. Investigating Self-Determination in Mentally Ill People from the First-Person-Perspective (SEMIP 2)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2012-02-29
Duration (months): 22.0
Total project cost (EUR): 218173.6
EU funding (EUR): 218173.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The fellowship improves Jann E. Schlimme’s scientific and complementary skills in the interdisciplinary field of philosophy and psychiatry. In this research project self-determination in mentally ill people will be investigated in terms of self-effectivity (SE) from the First-Person-Perspective. At first a detailed description of the experiential structure of the process of SE will be achieved by applying a phenomenological method. Then this structure of SE will be investigated more thoroughly in constant comparison with understandings of mental disorders (e.g. addiction, suicidality). It is expected that SE is a crucial process for self-determination and that therefore characteristics of self-determination and of its special impairments in mental disorders can be spelled out in terms of SE. The results will be published. Schlimme is a clinically excellently trained senior registrar and senior lecturer for psychiatry at Hannover Medical School with an interdisciplinary academic education. Though he is an experienced researcher in psychiatry applying methods rooted in humanities, he needs a profound (philosophical) training for reaching professional maturity in this interdisciplinary field. In this fellowship he will be trained under the supervision of Sonja Rinofner-Kreidl at the department of Philosophy (University of Graz) and integrated in her working group. The fellowship enables him to achieve the necessary skills for a professorship. The project’s topic is of principal importance for psychiatry, since regaining, stabilizing and improving the patient’s self-determination is the major goal of psychiatry and needs new attention due to radical changes in our understanding of subjectivity. The detailed description of the experiential structure of the process of SE opens the field of self-determination for further research and helps to improve psychiatric treatment in the EU via describing guidelines regarding the empowerment of mentally ill people.

Keywords: humanities,phenomenology,ethics in health sciences,theoretical psychiatry
THE ANDES-NAZCA DYNAMIC TOPOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT (ANDYN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 241289.6
EU funding (EUR): 241289.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the world, there is a relative paucity of studies that correlate surface data with deep Earth processes. The main objective of this experiment is to introduce a series of observations from geology (basins, thrust belts and plateaus) to constrain mantle flow models and better understand the topographic signal generated by the mantle. We propose to test an active and natural laboratory: The Andes. The study will embrace the Andean history from Miocene to Present, the main orogenic phase of South America, and from the Amazonian foreland to Patagonia. In these regions, mismatches between orogen dynamics and basin geometries suggests mantle generated topography is an important factor. Understanding the sources of dynamic topography, its amplitude and wavelength and how they vary as the tectonic environment changes (subduction angle and rheology) will help to understand continental wavelength geoid anomalies and surface deflections, as well as large-scale basin subsidence and surface uplift, not only in the Andes but also in orogens with similar origin. I will conduct a series of regional 3-D mantle flow finite element simulations to predict surface deformation and compare to observational geophysics, lithospheric modeling (eg. residual topography) and geological data. Geology will focus on basin analyses (stratigraphy, structural reconstructions, thermo-/geo-chronology, backstripping and flexural models), supported by a compilation and reprocessing of geophysical observations (industry seismic sections, InSAR, GPS, tomography, and gravity). This study will produce databases of international interest for applied and scientific fields.

Keywords: central andes,flat subduction,broken foreland,dynamic topography,residual topography,subsidence,mantle convection,numerical modeling,basin analysis