Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Cell Extrusion controlling Tissue Homeostasis in the Intestine (MCExtrusion)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2023-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187572.48
EU funding (EUR): 187572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous self-renewal through coordination of cell proliferation in the crypt and cell removal in the villus region. The aim of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the removal of differentiated cells from the villus. Preliminary data indicate that most extruding cells are non-apoptotic suggesting alternative mechanisms regulating this key homeostatic event. Cells might either commit to extrusion through specific differentiation programs or local tissue mechanical constraints might force the extrusion of otherwise indistinguishable cells. Feedback between cell fate and mechanical constraints can be also envisaged. Here I propose to identify genes that control cell extrusion by analyzing the dynamic transcriptomic signature of the mouse intestinal epithelium using nascent mRNA sequencing (scEU-seq) and pharmacologic inhibition of candidate pathways in intestinal organoids. Target genes will be functionally validated by a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout screen. This analysis will be flanked by experiments investigating a potential role of tissue-scale mechanical forces in cell extrusion. I will measure the mechanical properties of the intestinal epithelium and obtain a detailed description of the morphological dynamics characterizing cell extrusion using live imaging and 3D-shape reconstruction. Precise manipulation of cortical tension by means of laser ablation combined with subcellular optogenetics will be used to functionally perturb tissue mechanics and reveal the impact of cell contractility and tissue tension on the extrusion process. Collectively, this project will help understanding how tissue homeostasis in the intestinal epithelium is maintained and dissect the relative contribution of genetic signaling circuits and tissue mechanics in regulating cell extrusion.

Keywords: tissue homeostasis,epithelial morphogenesis,intestinal cell extrusion,optogenetics,organoid technology
Mixed Ionic and electronic Transport In Conjugated polymers for bioelectronicS (MITICS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Israel,Spain,Switzerland,Belgium,Sweden,Sweden,Belgium,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2019-2020-01, 2020)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3184036.25
EU funding (EUR): 3184036.25
Participants: 9
Project status: SIGNED

MITICS will interface living systems with modern microelectronics creating major breakthroughs notably in healthcare. We target alternative materials, advanced processing know-how and insights in device architectures to reach the following main twofold objective: Develop high-gain (> 15) and low-power complementary circuits based on Organic ElectroChemical Transistors (OECTs) to be used as amplifying transducers and design ultra-conformable OECT arrays that mitigate losses in signal quality (signal-to-noise ratio > 30dB higher than conventional electrodes), enabling less invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). To reach this overarching objective, we envision a radically-new science-enabled technology that rests on a completely novel material engineering approach combined with highly advanced characterization methods. We will take advantage of a unique molecular architecture strategy spatially separating ion- and electron-transport pathways to ensure volumetric ion injection and transport in order to optimize the uptake and release of ions in the transistor channel and to promote efficient, long-range, electronic charge transport so as to maximize the response of the transistors to very weak signals. In contrast to field-effect transistors, where charge flows through a thin interfacial region, the identifying characteristic of OECTs I s that polymer doping occurs over the entire volume of the channel, thereby allowing for large modulations in drain current at low-gate voltages. We will seek for organic material architectures maximizing the electronic mobility volumetric capacitance, develop high-gain and low-power complementary circuits based on printed OECTs, and use these as amplifying transducers in the context of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) that mitigate losses in signal quality due to the dura, the skull and the scalp, thereby enabling less-invasive BCIs.

Keywords: organic electrochemical transistors,organic semiconductors,conjugated polymers,brain computer interfaces
European Training Network on “Process Fingerprint for Zero-defect Net-shape MICROMANufacturing” (MICROMAN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Italy,Austria,Germany,Italy,Spain,Belgium,Switzerland,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Denmark,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (ITN-ETN) (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2019-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3446156.52
EU funding (EUR): 3446156.52
Participants: 23
Project status: CLOSED

The continuous trend towards miniaturization and multi-functionality embedded in products and processes calls for an ever increasing innovation, research and development within the European manufacturing sector. A necessary condition for the European productive sector to be at the global forefront of technology, ensuring job creation and sustainable growth, is to have access to innovative, entrepreneurial, highly skilled research engineers in the fields of micro manufacturing and micro product/process development. The MICROMAN ITN will provide world excellent research training to 13 ESR in the field of micro manufacturing proposing: (1) innovative technological solutions for high quality and high throughput micro production (micro manufacturing process fingerprint, zero-defect net-shape micro manufacturing) for the micro manufacturing industry; (2) cutting edge inter-disciplinary training in different domains (µ-polymer moulding, µ-metal forming, µ-extrusion, µ-tooling technologies, µ-product metrology, µ-manufacturing process metrology); (3) validation of different micro manufacturing processes by integration into process chains for the production of micro component for the bio-medical, health-care, machine tool, pharmaceutical, quality control sectors. The training strategy is based on the 50-30-20 principle, in which each single ESR will develop a core technical competence, a complementary technical competence, and a general technical competence in all domains addressed by the project with a research effort proportional to the 50%-30%-20% of the total effort. An all-round, comprehensive yet specialized, training in micro manufacturing will be ensured. Specific training on project engineering research management and entrepreneurship completes the training and provides the ESR the required skills to effectively contribute to the competitiveness of the European micro manufacturing industry, and in turn to job creation and well-being of the European society.

Keywords: micro manufacturing tecnologies,product,process integrated metrology,micro moulding,micro forming,micro milling,micro edm,micro,nano optical metrology
Functional extreme nonlinear nanomaterials (NONLINMAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1915000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1915000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Metasurfaces that mimic artificial order in matter have recently opened an exciting gateway to reach unprecedented properties and functionality for the modification of light propagation. The artificial “atoms” and “molecules” of the metasurface can be tailored in shape and size, the lattice constant and inter-atomic interaction can be precisely tuned. Furthermore, using symmetry and polarization state properties topological Berry phase effects can greatly enhance the functionality of such surfaces. This project sets to explore the revolutionary physics of nonlinear optical Berry phase metasurfaces, covering nonlinear optical frequency generation and wave dispersion engineering as well as real-time reconfiguration of nonlinear optical properties. Novel unique nonlinear optical properties of metasurfaces that arise from their specific topological configurations open up exciting new venues for device development in the fields of all-optical data processing, optical meta-nanocircuits, phase conjugating perfect mirrors, and background-free nonlinear holography. The project will investigate the possibilities of strongly enhanced nonlinear light-matter interaction and novel nonlinear optical processes that are based on nonlinear topological Berry phase effects coupled to inter- and intersubband transitions of novel 2D materials. Single layers of transition metal dichalcogenides will allow reconfigurable nonlinear optical properties by changing the valley band transitions. The proposal covers the development of innovative large scale fabrication technologies, fundamental investigations of the origin and the design of effective nonlinearities, experimental characterizations, as well as device development. The findings of the project based on highly nonlinear reconfigurable metasurfaces based on symmetry and topological effects will impact interdisciplinary research fields including condensed matter physics, optoelectronics and biophotonics.

Keywords: metasurfaces,plasmonics,nonlinear optics,2d materials
Focus on Advancing Spatial and Temporal Resolution of 3D Structured Illumination Microscopy (FASTR 3D SIM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-11-06
End date: 2019-11-05
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160800.0
EU funding (EUR): 160800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

FASTR 3D SIM: Focus on Advancing the Spatial and Temporal Resolution of 3D Structured Illumination Microscopy Super-resolved structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) is an important method to surpass the resolution limit in fluorescence microscopy. SR-SIM is compatible with many fluorescent labels and ensures low photo-damage, making it an ideal candidate for live-cell imaging. However, to be truly applicable, very fast 3D imaging has to be realized, as the cellular structuring is 3D in nature and fast dynamics have to be captured. In addition, many biological processes occur at length scales below 100nm, beyond SR-SIMs two-fold resolution improvement. I will develop an advanced 3D SR-SIM microscope able to capture 3D images at video rate, i.e., 25 3D images per second, 10 times quicker than the fastest currently available systems. The extreme speed-up is achieved by a unique multi-focal optics approach available at the host institute, and will also reduce the photo-toxicity to the sample. My SIM reconstruction code (www.fairsim.org) will be extended to 3D imaging, and include new algorithms tackling low light levels and strong out-of-focus light. I will also develop a revolutionary combination of SIM with super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI), a specialty of the Dedecker lab. SOFI is employed to create non-linear effects, allowing SIM to surpass its 2x resolution enhancement. This enables rapid and repeatable 3D imaging of cells with a spatial resolution approx. 60 nm in x,y and 150 nm in z. I will apply the tools to an acute biological question, the dynamics of mitochondrial and ER interactions, used by the cell as signaling scaffolding points. Here both the temporal and spatial resolution of the proposed system is required to observe the very fast dynamics.

Keywords: structured illumination microscopy,nanoscopy,fluorescence microscopy
A coherent view of Glasses: How coherent x-rays can elucidate the complex dynamics of glasses (CoherentGlasses)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Panel description: Structure, electronic properties, fluids, nanosciences, biological physics
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-03-01
End date: 2026-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1486931.0
EU funding (EUR): 1486931.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Glasses are mysterious materials. Fundamental blocks in many natural and technological processes, still, their properties keep puzzling a large community of scientists nowadays. Following different experimental routes, materials as diverse as colloidal suspensions, emulsions and viscous liquids can be driven in an out-of-equilibrium state, where they solidify under conditions that still remain unknown. This process, traditionally called glass transition, leads to many intriguing phenomena as the emergence of multiple relaxations processes, dynamical heterogeneities, crossovers between distinct amorphous states, and uncommon mechanisms of particle motions. Within the large family of disordered systems, structural glasses play a key role being often considered as archetypes of out-of-equilibrium materials. Despite decades of studies, a microscopic theory of glasses is still missing due to the difficulty to probe their atomic motion with experiments and simulations. Few years ago, I used coherent x-rays to perform the first worldwide experiments probing the atomic motion of glasses. My works reported on a surprising glassy dynamic reminiscent of an anomalous stress-driven particle motion observed in some soft systems. Due to severe technical constraints, the studies performed so far were limited to the external, tiny portion of the huge "iceberg” of dynamical features occurring at the atomic level, whose comprehension would enable substantial advances in the frontiers of knowledge. Thanks to the new possibilities offered by coherent x-rays, now is the right time to unveil the atomic dance of glasses in all its complexity with the CoherentGlasses project. Following four challenging experimental Research Objectives, we will provide a coherent picture of the microscopic dynamic and structural features accounting for the above discussed fascinating phenomena in glass-formers. A successful project keeps the promise to boost our knowledge on out-of-equilibrium material.

Keywords: x ray photon correlation spectroscopy
Silicon-Integrated Graphene Photodetectors for Future Photonic Integrated Circuits – Graph-IC (GRAPH-IC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2020-06-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149750.0
EU funding (EUR): 149750.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of the Graph-IC proof of concept proposal is to verify the innovation potential of silicon-technology-integrated graphene photodetectors for high-speed and broadband light conversion. The idea of this PoC is to use such graphene photodetectors as an enabling technology for integrated optoelectronic systems with extremely high data rates. The new technology will be fully integrated and allow the utilization of the entire transmission window of optical fibers. Such systems have the potential to decisively outperform existing systems in terms of data-rate, cost and energy consumption, which are becoming major challenges in large data systems. Within this PoC, we plan to establish the viability and identify technical issues of integrated graphene photodetectors with high electrical bandwidth for optical wavelengths. Graph-IC prepares the PI and his team to embark on a very high-risk, very high-gain endeavor, where the goal is to compete in a multi-billion Euro global market. This proposal is based on the scientific results of the ERC starting grant “InteGraDe – Integrating Graphene Devices (307311)”, where the PI has demonstrated the integration of graphene with silicon technology up to the wafer scale.

Keywords: data communication,graphene,silicon photonics
Particles-on-Demand for Multiscale Fluid Dynamics (PonD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2448750.0
EU funding (EUR): 2448750.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Computational fluid dynamics achieved undeniable success in many sectors of flowing matter. However, with the variety of different physical phenomena involved, also the computational methods have specialized and a uniform platform for high-quality simulations has long been in pursuit. With its roots in kinetic theory and statistical mechanics, the lattice Boltzmann method was conceived as an alternative paradigm for fluid dynamics but only partially succeeded in a subclass of incompressible flows. The reasons for that are structural: fixed particles’ velocities in traditional approaches imply rigid constraints on Mach number and temperature in the simulations, and which can only be mitigated at a price of ever increased number of particles’ speeds. A novel formulation of fluid dynamics as a kinetic theory with a small number of tailored, on-demand constructed particles removes any restrictions on flow speed and temperature as compared the lattice Boltzmann methods and their modifications. Particles-on-Demand method is a disruptive change of perspective on computational fluid dynamics through kinetic theory that opens up an unprecedented wide domain of applications, and for the first time delivers a seamless and universal computing of any type of flow, from high Knudsen number rarefied gas to supersonic flow and turbulence. Our approach is inherently physical and rigorous, with kinetic theory translated onto a fully discrete framework in position, momentum, time and space system. Particle-on-Demand shall deliver new solutions to hypersonic flows involving fluid-structure interaction and makes it easy to incorporate mixing and chemical reactions. The strength and universality of PonD method shall be demonstrated with simulations of a wide spectrum of multiscale problems such as atmospheric reentry, geostrophic turbulence, micro-flows and multiphase flow.

Keywords: computational fluid dynamics,lattice boltzmann method,supersonic flow,rarefied gas dynamics,turbulence,shock wave,multiphase flow,high performance computing,kinetic theory,chemical kinetics,fluid dynamics
Biomechanics of birdsong (BirdsongBiomechanics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196707.84
EU funding (EUR): 196707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The avian vocal tract offers bioinspiration for the improvement of available vocal prosthetics, which do not currently capture the frequency of the patient’s natural voice. The avian vocal organ, the syrinx, is anatomically different from the human larynx, relying on vibratory membranes within the walls of the trachea, rather than vocal folds within the larynx. The avian system is capable of a much greater range of vocal diversity, suggesting unique ways in which birds produce and modify sounds. The objective of this fellowship is to directly observe and measure the anatomy, biomechanics, airflow, and acoustics of birdsong in vivo and understand how birds physically produce such vocal diversity. We will overcome previous methodological challenges by using a unique combination of cutting-edge methods. First, avian vocal tract anatomy will be described and quantified in 3D, using digital dissection techniques across three bird groups of vocal interest (songbirds, parrots, and doves). It will allow us to accurately determine which anatomical characteristics are linked to which sound characteristics. Next, interactions between the biomechanics of the vocal system (e.g., kinematics, volume changes), the airflow dynamics inside and outside the oral cavity, and the resulting sound production will be measured for the first time in vivo. We will use state-of-the-art biplanar x-ray video methods and 3D imaging of the resulting airflow, synchronized with acoustics, at the level of the individual. By combining in vivo results with the corresponding anatomy, we can directly observe and quantify structure-function relationships, and understand, rather than infer, how the components of the vocal tract work together to modulate sound. This project will be foundational for both the comprehension of the evolution of birdsong and the development of vocal prosthetics that will restore a natural-sounding voice to people who lost their voice.

Keywords: bird,birdsong,biomechanics,xromm,anatomy