Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) outside the tumor: a new player in the control of inflammation (InflaPML)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Panel description: Organ and tissue physiology, comparative physiology, physiology of ageing, pathophysiology, interorgan and tissue communication, endocrinology, nutrition, metabolism, interaction with the microbiome, non-communicable diseases including cancer (and except disorders of the nervous system and immunity-related diseases)
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2025-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1462500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1462500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Local sterile inflammation arise in many pathologic states, including several diseases of the nervous system as brain stroke, neurodegenerative diseases and epilepsy. The persistent and de-regulated inflammatory response sustains these neurological pathologies worsening their prognosis. Different molecular players, as NLRP3 and P2X7 have been shown to contribute to the progression of these illnesses triggering the release of IL-1β and recruiting cellular components of the immune response at the neurodegeneration site. Consistently, brain penetrant P2X7 antagonists are clinically used to treat epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases, while the pharmacological modulation of IL-1β is still unsuccessful. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanism underlying neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly remains elusive. Here we propose that different neuroinflammatory diseases can be linked together in a common disease pathway, of which damaged function should be targeted for therapy. Specifically we propose a new mechanism acting on IL-1β regulation: we hypothesize the existence of a new activity of PML outside tumour environment, acting at the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interfaces (MAMs) as modulator of NLRP3 inflammasome. On these bases, I propose a project in which PML activity at MAMs can be the key link of different neuroinflammatory diseases. Our goals are as follow: 1) to demonstrate that PML post-transcriptionally controls NLRP3 activity at the ER/MAMs compartments and thus IL-1β release via P2X7; 2) to prove that IL-1β release have a strong influence on neuronal environment and survival, and might represent a prognostic factor; 3) to develop new drugs targeting PML/NLRP3/P2X7 axis to overcome the unexpected failure of anti-IL-1 therapies.

Keywords: inflammation,nlrp3 inflammasome,mitochondria associated membranes,promyelocytic leukemia protein pml
A New Foundation for Computer Graphics with Inherent Uncertainty (FUNGRAPH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497161.0
EU funding (EUR): 2497161.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The use of Computer Graphics (CG) is constantly expanding, e.g., in Virtual and Augmented Reality, requiring realistic interactive renderings of complex virtual environments at a much wider scale than available today. CG has many limitations we must overcome to satisfy these demands. High-quality accurate rendering needs expensive simulation, while fast approximate rendering algorithms have no guarantee on accuracy; both need manually-designed expensive-to-create content. Capture (e.g., reconstruction from photos) can provide content, but it is uncertain (i.e., inaccurate and incomplete). Image-based rendering (IBR) can display such content, but lacks flexibility to modify the scene. These different rendering algorithms have incompatible but complementary tradeoffs in quality, speed and flexibility; they cannot currently be used together, and only IBR can directly use captured content. To address these problems FunGraph will revisit the foundations of Computer Graphics, so these disparate methods can be used together, introducing the treatment of uncertainty to achieve this goal. FunGraph introduces estimation of rendering uncertainty, quantifying the expected error of rendering components, and propagation of input uncertainty of captured content to the renderer. The ultimate goal is to define a unified renderer exploiting the advantages of each approach in a single algorithm. Our methodology builds on the use of extensive synthetic (and captured) “ground truth” data, the domain of Uncertainty Quantification adapted to our problems and recent advances in machine learning – Bayesian Deep Learning in particular. FunGraph will fundamentally transform computer graphics, and rendering in particular, by proposing a principled methodology based on uncertainty to develop a new generation of algorithms that fully exploit the spectacular (but previously incompatible) advances in rendering, and fully benefit from the wealth offered by constantly improving captured content.

Keywords: computer graphics rendering,global illumination,image based rendering,content capture
Quantum Detectors (Qdet)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: FET Innovation Launchpad (H2020-FETOPEN-4-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2018-10-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In HANAS (Hybrid Artificial and Natural Atomic Systems) storage in atomic quantum memories of single photons generated with novel quantum dot devices was demonstrated. Single photon detectors are crucial building blocks in quantum memories and in follow-up technologies such as quantum repeaters and the quantum internet. For our experiments in HANAS, single photon detectors based on semiconducting avalanche photodiodes were first used until a new type of single photon detectors based on superconducting nanostructures, originally developed for telecom wavelengths, was tested and greatly outperformed other detectors. This innovative detector makes complex quantum optics experiments far easier and faster to perform. In Qdet, we will develop and fully benchmark a prototype based on these superconducting quantum detectors optimized for atomic frequencies and start the commercialization process with an industrial partner. We will establish superconducting single photon detectors as the best systems for single photon detection in the near infrared, combining the highest detection efficiency, time resolution and lowest noise levels. A market research study and contacts with key players in the field will enable us to identify launching customers and benchmark our systems for demanding applications in a new wavelength range.

Keywords: nanotechnology,quantum optics,photonics
ENAMISS - Energetic Neutral Atoms Monitor on the International Space Station (ENAMISS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy,Italy
Call: SME Instrument (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In the frame of “space weather” science, a systematic monitoring of the geomagnetic activity in the inner magnetosphere plays an important role in the field of telecommunication and navigation satellite systems safety as well as safety on materials and employers within flight routes at polar latitudes. A consolidated technique for remote sensing of plasma circulation relies on Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENA) observations. However, up-to-now only dedicated mission in polar orbit collected ENA imaging, whereas continuous ENA monitoring from low altitudes is a missing task; therefore our proposal aims to develop an ENA instrument on board the International Space Station (ISS) since its peculiar orbit would allow wide-field ENA images. In this context, the Italian Space Agency agreed to provide support for what concerns the instrument allocation on the launch vehicle and its accommodation outside the ISS. Primary goal of this phase 1 study is elaborating a business plan verifying the technological feasibility as well as the economic viability for realization of the first prototype of an ENA imager (ENAMISS), with the opportunity for the SME consortium to transfer existing knowledge into innovative solutions able to grow performance and also to establish expertise in ENA sensors where the heritage is mostly in the USA. The main business purpose collocates in the “idea to application” frame creating a new standard of atomic cameras, offering the possibility to supply a user alert service (also with dedicated smartphone “App”) to mitigate the geomagnetic storms effects. Envisaged key markets are the space and navigation one. The innovation of the project is mainly related to exploitation of the ISS as platform for ENA monitoring to provide an European-leaded service for Space Weather studies and related activities with the twofold benefits for the SME consortium to acquire heritage in this field and a preferential position in Europe and in the world.

Keywords: energetic neutral atoms,space weather,geomagnetic,inner magnetosphere,satellite,navigation,telecommunication,data service
Bioresources For Oliviculture (BeFOre)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Argentina,Spain,Italy,Greece,Greece,Jordan,France,France,France,Chile,Mexico,Lebanon,Morocco
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1305000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1296000.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims at establishing a multi-lateral network of research and innovation staff active in olive germplasm access, conservation, evaluation and exploitation, strengthening research capacities through the exchange of knowledge and expertise on a shared research programme focused on developing integrated common protocols to phenotype and characterize plants at molecular, morphological and physiological level, and evaluating the olive oil quality related to varieties. The scientific results of the project will contribute at improving the potential of the olive germplasm collections, repositories and banks as main sources of variability and of the evaluation tools to be used to increase oliviculture sustainability. Particular attention will be paid to issues concerned to international intellectual property rights for conserving, exchanging and using the olive genetic resources. Another aim is to create a long lasting network among partners also promoting new common projects in the frame of Horizon2020 and other international funding sources. The joint exchange programme will involve 9 beneficiaries and 6 partners belonging to AC and NAC sectors and will be performed through a series of short and long term staff exchanges and workshops among European (Italy, Spain, Greece and France) and third countries (Morocco, Lebanon, Jordan, Argentina, Chile and Mexico). The International Olive Council (IOC), represented by IOC Executive Director, Jean-Louis Barjol, expressed its strong support to “BeFOre” planning to play an important role in dissemination activities. Experienced and early stage researchers, technicians and managers, are expected to be exchanged between EU and TC to ensure a good scientific transfer of knowledge and training. Enhancement of careers for the staff involved is expected. The project coordination and management will be ensured by the contribution of a well established coordination group and a Steering Committee.

Keywords: olive germplasm collection,oliviculture,olive oil,property rights,ethics and biodiversity
SIngle-cell multi-OMICs approach to study intra-tumour heterogeneity of soft tissue Sarcomas (SIOMICS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recently, multi-omics approaches have led to a plethora of publications describing in detail the ‘omics landscapes of common cancer types. However, at the bulk tissue level, integrating different ‘omics layers remains an uncompleted challenge. Soft tissue sarcomas are rare and often aggressive cancers of mesenchymal origin representing ~1% of all cancers but encompassing at least 50 subtypes. Hence, collecting enough of these rare samples for significant findings in a timely fashion is the biggest hurdle. This issue can be addressed by repeating observations within individual patients to generate new hypotheses. Our long-term collaboration aims to obtain the genome, transcriptome and methylome of each of 1,000 single-cells from 10 individual subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas. This design is possible thanks to DNA & RNA single-cell sequencing (SCS) of the same cell in Dr. Voet’s lab, and bespoke computational analyses in Dr. Van Loo’s lab, and access to this rare material of Prof. Flanagan, lead for the sarcoma component of the Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project. This proposal is the pilot project, where we focus on one malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, a rare aggressive cancer originating from the connective tissues surrounding nerves. We will also sequence multiple regions of the primary tumour, the blood, and cell-free tumour DNA (ctDNA) before surgery and subsequently every three months. Prof. Flanagan’s group will process the samples, and Dr. Voet will oversee the sequencing. In Dr. Van Loo’s lab, I will develop the computational tools to uncover the 3 ‘omics signals at the single-cell level that are averaged out in bulk tissues. SCS will shed light on the fundamental links between cancer genomic subclones and the transcriptional and epigenetic diversity of cancer cell types; and we will answer whether ctDNA reflects the diversity of cancer cells and how it evolves in the course of treatment.

Keywords: sarcoma,single cell sequencing,tumour evolution,intra tumour heterogeneity
Optimisation of the linguistic input in the first years of life (OptimisingIDS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-09-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Parents have direct access to one of the most effective child development tools - their own infant-directed speech (IDS). Access to rich linguistic input allows infants to develop language abilities in a rapid and effortless manner in their first years of life. These basic language skills are essential for efficient and effective acquisition of literacy skills and knowledge in all other academic areas when children start early formal education. However, not all children acquire these basic language skills to the same extent, giving some children a significant advantage even before they start school and leaving many others behind. Understanding how the early language environment can impact and enhance early learning language processes can inform not only the strategies for closing this gap in language ability, but the strategies to prevent it from emerging in the first place. This fellowship specifically focuses on investigating the language input of bilingual infants during their first 12 months of life, and it comprises two parts. Part 1 will identify the individual acoustic and linguistic components present in natural parental IDS. Detailed acoustic and linguistic analyses of natural speech recordings will be conducted. Part 2 will systematically measure the role of each individual component of IDS in facilitating infants’ performance in language processing tasks. Behavioural and neurophysiological measures of infants’ language processing (native speech perception, continuous speech segmentation, and neural entrainment to the speech signal) will be conducted. This project is the first to implement a combined analytical and experimental approach to the study of early linguistic input. The findings of this fellowship will allow us to identify the components of IDS critical to enhance language development and provide infants with the optimal type of linguistic input to achieve their maximum potential in the development of early language skills.

Keywords: infant directed speech,linguistic input,infancy,language,vocabulary,language acquisition,bilingualism,speech perception
Regulation and relevance of circadian leukocyte dynamics for skin immune homeostasis (CIRCADYN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy
Panel description: The immune system, related disorders and their mechanisms, biology of infectious agents and infection, biological basis of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, innovative immunological tools and approaches, including therapies
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999963.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999963.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The skin is the largest organ of the body and represents the primary physical barrier to the environment. Circadian, ~24h rhythms in the environment have emerged as important regulators of the immune system, yet, the circadian dynamics of leukocyte turnover and function in the skin are completely unknown. Insights into the mechanisms occurring at this host-environment interface will be of key importance to understand how rhythmicity in the immune system is achieved. This will produce knowledge to optimize adjuvant design and maximize adaptive immune responses such as required in vaccinations, ultimately providing a time window for therapy. We will elucidate how circadian dynamics in leukocyte input and output to the skin interplay to create oscillatory numbers of leukocytes in this tissue. We will assess the impact of lineage-specific rhythmicity and arrhythmicity on skin immune homeostasis using an innovative combination of novel genetic tools. We will mechanistically assess how circadian leukocyte dynamics in the skin are governed at a higher level by the sympathetic nervous system. We will finally unravel the cause and the functional relevance of circadian leukocyte dynamics in the skin by assessing whether they primarily represent a response to exogenous factors or whether they are caused by physiological tissue turnover in response to daily recurring mechanical stress. Based on these data we will create a mathematical model determining circadian skin leukocyte turnover in a quantitative manner. The project combines the disciplines of immunology and chronobiology by obtaining unprecedented insights into circadian immunity in the skin, a critical epithelial barrier site, which is of broad impact for both fields. Our extensive experience in the rhythmic control of both the innate and adaptive immune system makes us well poised to unravel the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate circadian leukocyte dynamics in the skin.

Keywords: circadian rhythms,leukocyte migration,leukocyte turnover,skin
Contested port cities: a global geography of community conflicts (ContestedPort)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Many contemporary ports are threatening the very communities that previously nurtured them. This research proposal tackles the emerging phenomenon of socio-spatial conflicts arising in port cities, and argues for a new critical approach that centres the experiences and responses of those contesting the making of global ports. Over 90% of the world’s trade is carried by sea, with forecasts for further growth. The expansion of increasingly privatised and corporatised port infrastructure is creating a clash of interests between multi-scalar markets and globalised value chains on the one hand, and inhabitants of the port hinterland on the other. The making of global ports is thus transformed into an urgent societal issue, which demands a social scientific approach that acknowledges the interconnected nature of localised conflicts. Ports are not just global trade hubs, but are indispensable cogs in the complex and sometimes “predatory” machinery of the global supply chain. Increasing demand for space and water as well as greater air, soil, sonic and water pollution are only some of the reasons for the social contestations that manifest. This holds new theoretical and practical implications for social sciences, fundamental for conceiving resilient and inclusive futures for port cities away from economic disciplinary perspectives. By focusing on the new socio-spatial tensions in the inhabited fringes surrounding harbours, I expect to reveal logistics-driven mechanisms of rupture that impact people and places in the making of global ports. I will analyse two specific paradigmatic cases – Piraeus and Valencia – using ethnographic methods to understand the specific local contexts impacted by this globalised infrastructure. This project also entails the development of an online platform that maps and documents cases of contestation at the port, enabling the establishment of a “connective geography” that opens new channels of communication between port communities.

Keywords: port cities,port communities,socio spatial conflict,urban contestation,logistics revolution,global ports