Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Experimental Linear Optics Quantum Information Processing with Atoms and Photons (ATOMPHOTONLOQIP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1434999.6
EU funding (EUR): 1434999.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum information science and atom optics are among the most active fields in modern physics. In recent years, many theoretical efforts have been made to combine these two fields. Recent experimental progresses have shown the in-principle possibility to perform scalable quantum information processing (QIP) with linear optics and atomic ensembles. The main purpose of the present project is to use atomic qubits as quantum memory and exploit photonic qubits for information transfer and processing to achieve efficient linear optics QIP. On the one hand, utilizing the interaction between laser pulses and atomic ensembles we will experimentally investigate the potentials of atomic ensembles in the gas phase to build quantum repeaters for long-distance quantum communication, that is, to develop a new technological solution for quantum repeaters making use of the effective qubit-type entanglement of two cold atomic ensembles by a projective measurement of individual photons by spontaneous Raman processes. On this basis, we will further investigate the advantages of cold atoms in an optical trap to enhance the coherence time of atomic qubits beyond the threshold for scalable realization of quantum repeaters. Moreover, building on our long experience in research on multi-photon entanglement, we also plan to perform a number of significant experiments in the field of QIP with particular emphasis on fault-tolerant quantum computation, photon-loss-tolerant quantum computation and cluster-state based quantum simulation. Finally, by combining the techniques developed in the above quantum memory and multi-photon interference experiments, we will further experimentally investigate the possibility to achieve quantum teleportation between photonic and atomic qubits, quantum teleportation between remote atomic qubits and efficient entanglement generation via classical feed-forward. The techniques that will be developed in the present project will lay the basis for future large scale

Keywords: quantum information,single photons,cold atoms
Political Economies of Democratisation (PEOD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 817922.0
EU funding (EUR): 817922.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Democracy promotion has been a key political project in the post-Cold War era and many studies have documented the successes and failures of democratisation. Yet, the current practice of, and academic literature on, democratisation have been characterised by two key limitations. First, engagement with the essentially contested meaning of the concept of democracy has been weak. Second, the contextualisation of models of democracy promoted within wider social, cultural, political and economic discourses has received relatively little attention. It is the general objective of this research to address these limitations. The research seeks to meet this objective by specifically focusing on conducting an innovative analysis of the complex conjunction between the conceptions of democracy advanced by current democracy promoters and the economic discourses and theories adhered to by them. The specific objectives of this project relate to the study of ‘political economy models of democracy’, in theory and in practice. The research is guided by three sets of questions: 1. What is the nature of the link between models of democracy and economic discourses/theories? How do economic discourses condition conceptions of democracy? Do particular economic theories entail particular models of democracy and, if so, what kind of politico-economic models of democracy can we delineate? 2. What assumptions do democracy promoters make about political economies of democracy? What are the consequences, and the strengths and weaknesses, of the politico-economic models of democracy adhered to? 3. What policy-making implications can be drawn from the theoretical and empirical analysis of politico-economic models of democracy? This unique research highlights the complex but often-ignored link between economic theories/discourses and models of democracy, and encourages democracy promoters and academics in the field to remain open to multiple politico-economic models of democracy.

Keywords: democratisation,democracy promotion,economic theory,normative theory,international relations theory,globalisation,global governance,social movements,politics of scientific knowledge
Novel approaches towards understanding of gene transcription using small molecules as tools (DEKKER40)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-03
End date: 2010-09-02
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Small molecule modulators of protein function proved to be effective tools to elucidate the functions of newly identified proteins in reverse chemical genetic studies. In the field of gene transcription regulation many new proteins with a poorly defined function are being discovered. Among these proteins many enzymes are found that modulate acylation and phosphorylation. These posttranslational modifications play an important role in cellular localization and protein-protein interactions of transcription factors. An interesting feature is that acylation competes with other posttranslational modification such as ubiquitinylation, sumoylation, palmitoylation etc. Acetylation can thus be considered a key regulatory event. We propose to develop small molecule inhibitors to study lysine acetyl transferases in a reverse chemical genetics approach. Furthermore, we propose to develop innovative chemical cross-linkers to specifically cross link lysine acetyl transferases and their targets in vivo in order to elucidate the binding partners of these enzymes. Together these small molecules will provide tools to study spatial and temporal control in gene transcription by the Smad transcription factors in fluorescence microscopy studies of cell based systems

Keywords: combinatorial chemistry,organic chemistry,drug development,enzyme inhibition,gene transcription
Mathematical Problems in Superconductivity and Bose-Einstein Condensation (CONDMATH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 749571.42
EU funding (EUR): 749571.42
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project in mathematical physics is concerned with the mathematical understanding of superconductivity and Bose-Einstein condensation. These physical phenomena are the subject of intense research activity both in the experimental and theoretical physics communities and in mathematics. However, despite a lot of effort, many key questions lack a mathematically rigorous answer. The ambition of the present project is to improve this situation. I plan to analyze both the effective models and the underlying microscopic description of superconductivity and Bose-Einstein condensation. The effective models are (systems of) non-linear partial differential equations, and I will apply recently developed mathematical techniques for their analysis. To mention an important specific problem in this part of the project, I am interested in the appearance of regular (Abrikosov) lattices of vortices. For superconductivity, which I will treat in the Ginzburg-Landau model, it is an experimental fact that this happens when an exterior magnetic field comes close to a critical value. For rotating Bose-Einstein condensates, in the Gross-Pitaevskii model, a similar phenomenon occurs for sufficiently large rotations. However, as yet we are unable to derive these lattices directly from the relevant equations. Even more fundamental are the questions about the microscopic models. The aim here is to prove that the desired condensation actually occurs under conditions relevant to experiment, i.e. to prove that the condensation phenomena are correctly described by our fundamental equations of Nature. The microscopic models are systems with a large number of variables and developing the mathematical techniques necessary for the analysis of such systems is an important question in current research in Mathematics.

Keywords: ginzburg-landau equations,gross-pitaevskii functional,bose gas,abrikosov lattice
Studying Developmental, Neural, Cognitive and Affective Aspects of the Self in Humans (SELF)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Environment and society
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 791549.0
EU funding (EUR): 791549.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This project will investigate the cognitive, affective, neural and developmental basis of the Human self. In particular it will investigate reflexive, unconscious aspects of the self, and how these impact upon Human cognition. The proposal seeks to employ cognitive neuroscience methods (EEG and fMRI) as well as other physiological markers (Galvanic Skin Response – GSR) together with studies on neuropsychological patients who have specific disorders of conscious processing of the world (visual neglect, prosopagnosia and split-brain patients) to explore the neural and cognitive basis of incidental, unconscious self-processing of the world. In addition to this we also seek to explore the development of incidental self-association in early childhood and the change from this form of processing to more meta-cognitive processes which link self to the environment. The results of these experiments will shed light on current cognitive and functional accounts of what has been called a uniquely Human construct. Our data may not only increase understanding in this area, but may also speak against such a view. We hope that the findings from this project may help to further understand the numerous disorders of self as a result of trauma or organic disorders.

Keywords: self
Integration and enhancement of key existing European deep-ocean observatories (EUROSITES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Earth observation and assessment tools for sustainable development
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Norway,Greece,Italy,Germany,United Kingdom,France,France,France,Spain,Cabo Verde
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2011-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4753779.7
EU funding (EUR): 3482601.44
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

At present there are a number of fixed point observatories that autonomously measure biological, chemical and physical variables in the oceans around Europe. These operate at various levels of sophistication but in a largely uncoordinated and fragmented manner. There is no agreed set of basic variables and common data protocols are not followed. EuroSITES has two main objectives: 1: To enhance the existing deep ocean observatories thus forming a coherent European network. This will then provide a clear and relevant description of the time varying properties of the ocean system. 2: To perform a small number of specific science missions that will, in the future, form the basis for greatly improved and novel monitoring capability. The work we propose addresses directly and explicitly the vision of GEOSS. We will address this in the context of the time changing properties of the ocean interior, seafloor and sub seafloor around Europe. EuroSITES will promote links with other international observation networks such as the network envisioned under the U.S. National Science Foundation's Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI). Long-term time-series data offer some of the most important insights into the ways our oceans are changing. Crucially important processes occur on time scales that can not be observed by ships and in the deep parts of the ocean that are outside the reach of satellites. Sustained in situ observations are therefore required to provide high quality data on climatically and ecologically relevant variables at a few key locations. EuroSITES is the means to achieve this.

Keywords: observatories,monitoring,geoss
Fundamental dynamical processes near massive black holes in galactic nuclei (FDP-MBH)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 879999.6
EU funding (EUR): 879999.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to combine analytical studies and simulations to explore fundamental open questions in the dynamics and statistical mechanics of stars near massive black holes. These directly affect key issues such as the rate of supply of single and binary stars to the black hole, the growth and evolution of single and binary massive black holes and the connections to the evolution of the host galaxy, capture of stars around the black hole, the rate and modes of gravitational wave emission from captured compact objects, stellar tidal heating and destruction, and the emergence of "exotic" stellar populations around massive black holes. These processes have immediate observational implications and relevance in view of the huge amounts of data on massive black holes and galactic nuclei coming from earth-bound and space-borne telescopes, from across the electromagnetic spectrum, from cosmic rays, and in the near future also from neutrinos and gravitational waves.

Keywords: massive black holes,galactic nuclei,galactic dynamics,gravitational waves,galactic center,computational astrophysics
Transcription Factor Dynamics in Living Cells at the Single Molecule Level (TF DYNAMICS IN VIVO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2013-06-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1335000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1335000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Progress in bioengineering and biomedicine is limited by our inadequate understanding of genetic control systems in living cells. The lack of methods for studying kinetics and gene regulation in single cells seriously impairs our prospects to gain deeper insight to develop better quantitative models of such control systems. This project is focused on transcription factors (TFs), proteins that mediate gene regulation in all kingdoms of life. It aims at understanding how bacterial TFs coordinate the expression of genes at the level of single cells. The experimental challenge of studying TF mediated gene regulation directly is that it is a single molecule process where one or a few TF molecules bind one or a few binding sites on the bacterial chromosome. In addition studying TF kinetics poses two major theoretical challenges: its non-negligible spatial aspects and the stochastic nature of kinetics at the single molecule level. This proposal describes new state-of-the-art single molecule microscopy methods for studying kinetics and diffusion of TFs in living cells. The proposed experimental techniques will be accompanied by pioneering computational methods for stochastic reaction-diffusion modeling of intracellular kinetics. Only by the concomitant advancement of both methodologies will we gain understanding of how transcription factors operate in living cells, how their copy number is maintained, how different classes of TFs optimize their search for chromosomal targets, and how the location of TF genes and binding sites constrain genome evolution. Direct observation of TF dynamics will allow probing gene regulation with unprecedented time resolution. This makes it possible to test hypotheses about coordinated gene regulation which have so far been experimentally inaccessible. The unique combination of single molecule in vivo microscopy and spatially resolved stochastic modeling will advance Europe’s position at the frontier of systems biology.

Keywords: single molecule imaging,transcriptional regulation,microbiology
ScalPL : A Scalable Programming Language (SCALPL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Germany,Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1382680.0
EU funding (EUR): 1382680.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is the development of a growable programming language: a language whose vocabulary can easily be extended for purposes such as the development of domain-specific languages. The proposal addresses the long-standing "holy grail" of programming: Removing the "representational gap", making a program look like a description of a domain expert. This project is certainly not the first one that adresses this goal. The main novelty of this approach is its emphasis on scalability. We call an approach to grow a language scalable, if it is easy to compose multiple extensions of a language (composability), and if an extended language can be extended with the same concepts and techniques as the original language (regularity). Without composability, components can only be refined in a linear fashion. Without regularity, a different technology is required on each level of size and abstraction, thereby inhibiting scalability. If this project is successfull, it can substantially contribute to a radically new approach to programming, where many different kinds of techniques to provide domain-specific abstractions, such as frameworks, containers, libraries, domain-specific languages, code generators, and interpreters are subsumed by a single technology to grow or define a language. To this end, this project will combine and extend research results from the domains of (embedded) domain-specific languages, generative and model-driven development, aspect-oriented programming, and advanced type- and module systems.

Keywords: programming languages,software engineering
Climate change: challenge for training applied plant scientists (AGRISAFE)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Potential
Destination: Unlocking and developing the Research Potential of research entities established in the EU�s Convergence regions and Outermost Regions
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-REGPOT-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1065420.0
EU funding (EUR): 949999.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Climate variability has a fundamental influence on agro-ecosystems. For a substantial part of Europe, climate change scenarios forecast significant decreases of up to 20% in plant productivity, coupled with a general decline in the stability of agricultural ecosystems. This is particularly true of the Carpathian Basin. Agriculture and food safety are extremely sensitive to climate changes, so adaptability to stress is likely to gain priority over the quantitative aspects of yield. This will demand new approaches both to plant breeding and crop production, and in research strategy. The Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ARI of HAS) is one of the leading centres for crop research and breeding in Central and Eastern Europe, in Central Transdanubian convergence region with a profile involving complex, interdependent, basic, methodological and applied research projects culminating in practical applications. The institute maintains close contacts with farmers and processors. Based on its international recognition and accumulated knowledge, the institute aims to develop into a regional Research Training and Service Centre to train and develop researchers, breeders and producers capable of offering practical help to farmers in Central and Eastern Europe in countering the unfavourable effects of predicted climate change. An increase in research potential is envisaged through strategic partnerships based on existing international contacts, whereby young scientists could gain valuable know-how and experience abroad, while experienced colleagues would be invited to work at ARI HAS. The results achieved in the course of the project will not only be published in the form of scientific papers, but will also form the basis of talks and pamphlets aimed at farmers and food consumers in general, in order to make them aware of the likely effects of climate change and of how these can be mitigated in the interests of achieving secure food supplies.

Keywords: research training service centre,researchers,breeders,producers,climate change,reducing risks