Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
AUTOMATED AS-BUILT MODELLING OF THE BUILT INFRASTRUCTURE (INFRASTRUCTUREMODELS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is a lack of viable methods to map and label existing infrastructure. This is one of the grand challenges of engineering in the 21st century noted by the “Restoring and Improving Urban Infrastructure” report of the US National Academy of Engineering (NAE). For instance, over two thirds of the effort needed to model even simple infrastructure is spent on manually converting a cloud of points to a 3D model. The result is that only very few constructed facilities today have a complete record of as-built information and that as-built models are not produced for the vast majority of new construction and retrofit projects, which leads to rework and design changes that cost up to 10% of the installed costs. This project plans to test whether a novel framework proposed by the researcher can reasonably detect and classify common building objects from visual and spatial data, for the purpose of significantly reducing the time it takes to create the as-built geometric Building Information Model (BIM) of an existing facility. Under the proposed plan of work, the visual characteristics of civil infrastructure element types are identified and numerically represented using image analysis tools. The derived representations along with their inferred relative topology are then used to form the element parts for learning the element category models. These models are used to automate the detection of element types and their local poses from arbitrary views. The detected elements, by further estimating their distance to the observer and 3D bounding box, are mapped onto the 3D point clouds rendered with colour and texture. If successful, this project will provide the research community with the first view and scale-invariant, civil infrastructure object detection method that is capable of automatically quantifying object parts for training, detecting objects from arbitrary viewing points, and estimating the layout of the objects in the 3D physical space.

Keywords: g303 civil engineering - maritime/hydraulic engineering - geotechnics - waste treatment,g111 modelling tools,g104 graphics and image processing
Archaeological Investigations of the Extra-Urban and Urban Landscape in Eastern Mediterranean centres: A case-study at Palaepaphos (Cyprus) (ARIEL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Cyprus
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2017-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The research project "ARIEL" proposes the archaeological investigation of the urban and extra-urban landscape at Eastern Mediterranean centres during the Bronze Age (circa 2400-1050 BC), an area of key cultural significance in the context of the evolution of culture in Europe. The multi-period urban centre of Palaepaphos (ancient Paphos) on the south-western coast of Cyprus is deemed as a critical case-study for the application of the proposed archaeological research since, despite the richness in archaeological data, the site’s early history is poorly understood. In addition, the area’s cultural landscape is threatened by rapid modern development works. The research programme proposes the implementation of inter- and multidisciplinary approaches for the comprehensive and holistic understanding of vast archaeological areas. This methodology has been very sparsely applied in the archaeological research of the Mediterranean. Through the integration of advanced technological and scientific methods with traditional archaeological approaches, the project aims a comprehensive understanding of: 1) the foundation horizon and the process of urbanisation at the site of Palaepaphos, 2) the identification of the function and character of the different urban components (residential, sacred, industrial etc), and the definition of its extra-urban landscape, aiming to reconstruct the region’s economic history and political landscape, 3) the relationship of the polity of Palaepaphos to contemporary urban centres in Cyprus and its position in the Mediterranean network of trade; and finally 4) the development of cultural heritage management principles that will require from modern development projects to respect the region’s natural and anthropogenic environment. “ARIEL” aspires to develop a methodological baseline and a management tool that could be applied to other regions of archaeo-cultural significance across the Mediterranean.

Keywords: eastern mediterranean archaeology,ancient cyprus,bronze age,cultural heritage,prehistoric archaeology,material culture
Surface Spin Resonance (SURFACE SPIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (ERC-2012-PoC, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Within our ERC Starting Grant “Taking Force Microscopy into the Third Dimension”, we developed a major improvement to a technique based on Magnetic Resonance. The technique is called Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy, and measures the interaction of a rotating spin (a magnetic moment) in the field gradient of a magnetic Force Microscopy tip. The research motivation here is that radicals, which play an important role in surface chemistry, for example in renewable energy, such as fuel cells, batteries, organic solar cells etc., carry an unpaired electron and hence a spin (magnetic moment) and therefore can be studied with magnetic resonance. We have found a novel route, which makes surface spins readily detectable. In conventional magnetic resonance the low density of surface spins precludes their detection. In this proposal, we want to investigate whether the market for a simplified version of our instrument is sufficiently large to make the commercialization of a simplified instrument attractive for investors.

Keywords: 208792
Synaptic vesicle recycling and Parkinson’s disease (RECYCLING PARKINSON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The nervous system consists of a complex network of neurons interconnected by chemical synapses. Recycling of neurotransmitter filled vesicles at theses synapses enables neurons to maintain communication during periods of intense activity. There is accumulating evidence that synaptic dysfunction is, at least in part, responsible for common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease. I therefore set out to find genes involved in the synaptic pathogenesis of these diseases by performing a forward genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster. I isolated more than 86 mutants in a screen for non-canonical vesicle recycling and found that one of the them genetically interacts with the Parkinson’s related gene pink1 in a secondary screen. I mapped this mutation to the Drosophila ortholog of NOA1, a conserved gene encoding a mitochondrial protein whose function remains largely enigmatic. Since both proteins, PINK1 and NOA1 are reported to localize in mitochondria and interact with Complex I of the respiratory chain, I hypothesize that they function in the same pathway. Here, I describe experiments to determine the exact nature of the interaction between Drosophila PINK1 and NOA1 and present plans to examine the molecular function of Drosophila Noa1 at the synapse. In addition, I will further characterize the remaining mutants for interactions with α-Synuclein, a protein known to be involved in Parkinson’s disease. In this way, I will find new components of the vesicle recycling machinery that interact with Parkinson’s disease-related proteins which will not only further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying synapse function, but also identify possible new therapeutic targets for this disease.

Keywords: synapse,neurotransmitter,vesicle cycle,pink1,parkinson,reactive oxygen species,nitric oxide,noa1,a-synuclein,drosophila
Codimension-one properties of singularities (CODIM1SING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our entire scientific understanding of nature is based on various types of systems of equations (linear, polynomial, analytic, differential) and their solutions. Singularities are points of local instability of these equations that can have tremendous impact on the global behavior of solutions. Thus, singularity theory is fundamentally important for mathematics and natural sciences. For polynomial/analytic equations, the singular locus is that of failure of the manifold structure of the solution space and can be described in terms of differential forms. An main tool to study this phenomenon is desingularization which relates complicated singularities to simple ones - normal crossing divisors. Normalization is a step in this direction that removes singularities in codimension one. Codim1Sing will ultimately lead to the first simple algebraic conditions characterizing normal crossing properties. To this end, a widely laid-out research project will be completed: Kyoji Saito's theory of logarithmic forms will be embedded into the theory of regular differential forms of Kersken and Kunz/Waldi and generalized beyond the hypersurface case, including the concept of free divisors crucial in singularity theory. In the process, Codim1Sing discovers the geometric meaning of deep algebraic conditions in terms of regular differential forms and (natural partial) normalizations. The project's innovative results include generalizations of the Le-Saito theorem, a proof of Faber's conjecture, as well as novel insights in the geometry of free divisors and in Vasconcelos' normalization algorithm. Codim1Sing addresses fundamental constructions and objects in singularity theory and it advances long-term collaborations between experts in Europe and worldwide, notably North America. Consequently, it comprises knowledge transfer within and into the EU, the introduction of novel approaches and the sustained reintegration of a high-potential researcher into the European science community.

Keywords: m105 algebraic and complex geometry,singularities,m116 mathematical aspects of computer science
THE STRUCTURE OF CORPORATE DEBT MARKETS AND FIRM FINANCING DECISIONS (CORPDEBTMKT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Unlike equities, corporate debt claims are currently mostly traded in over-the-counter (OTC) markets. Since the OTC nature of the market decreases price transparency, increases transaction costs, and increases the time it takes to find a matching counterparty for a trade, there is a fundamental economic question as to why an apparently imperfect matching technology (OTC trade) can arise in equilibrium when a better matching technology (organized exchanges) exists. This is puzzling because some corporate debt claims actually used to be traded on exchanges in the early 20th century, and important because the structure of this large market has important knock on effects: on who can participate in markets, on how claims are structured (in particular in terms of their maturity) and also how firms finance themselves. In the context of models that build on search theory, this project will explore potential mechanisms that explain 1) what drives the structure of secondary markets for corporate debt, and 2) how this affects firm financing decisions, in particular, debt maturity choice, and 3) what the policy implications are for regulation.

Keywords: e104 financial markets,search theory,corporate debt,over-the-counter trading
The impact of Chinese Acquisitions on the Luxury Made in Italy (MII- FDLUX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-04-01
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The competitiveness of the luxury Made in Italy is in question. Traditionally Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has flowed from the advanced developed economies into developed and developing countries. More recently a new trend has emerged in the pattern of FDI. Outward bound FDI from emerging economies has begun to increase significantly and has been growing at a faster pace than FDI from the advanced developed world. The proposed project aims to critically assess the impact of Chinese acquisitions on the luxury Made in Italy sector and its stakeholders. The project is multidisciplinary as it draws on the disciplines of International Business, Operations Management, Fashion Management and Marketing. The overall goal of the project is to establish and implement a substantial research agenda that will assist policy makers in responding to this trend and will be of value to all stakeholders in the luxury industry as they face this facet that inevitably globalization entails.

Keywords: luxury sector,made in italy,acquisitions,competitiveness,fdi,china
Mapping and assessment of research portfolios (MAPREPORT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims to develop an analytical framework for the mapping and assessment of research portfolios. The notion of “research portfolio” is increasingly used by funding agencies. However, there is no clear understanding and very little research on how to define, map and assess a research portfolio. Here we aim to develop a multi-method approach to investigate a research portfolio of a given disease. We build on evolutionary perspectives on science dynamics, using concepts and methods from Science Technology Studies, Information Sciences and the Innovation Studies side of Evolutionary Economics. The work plan is to sequentially investigate three case studies: cervical cancer, avian flu and depression. For each case, we first carry out a scoping study to tentatively delineate the research on a disease. Second, we map the research lines a portfolio comprises, on the basis of publications. Third, we explore the diversity of a portfolio and the complementarities among different research lines under various analytical perspectives. Fourth, we use project databases from funding agencies in order to estimate resources associated with a given research line. Fifth, we interview stakeholders using a multi-criteria analysis tool to assess their valuation of the different research lines. This analysis produces a map of the research portfolio of a given disease, and its assessment under various criteria by stakeholders. This grant supports my integration to Ingenio (CSIC-UPV), a Science, Technology and Innovation Research centre that I have recently joined with a tenure-track fellowship. The grant allows me recruit postdoctoral fellows as research assistants, which is important to consolidate our new research group on medical innovation in Ingenio, as well as to further link myself and Ingenio in European networks of excellence in the interdisciplinary area of S&T policy research.

Keywords: research-assessment,s&t-governance,scientometrics
Ultrafast quantum transport in nanosystems controlled via phase-locked single cycles of light (ULTRAQUEST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2017-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the project consists in starting new experiments in which the absolute optical phase of quasi single-cycle light pulses is harnessed to directly control charge transport in quantum nanosystems. The basic concept of this technique relies on the fact that, with ultrashort pulsed laser sources, it is possible to obtain extremely high peak intensities and thus high peak electric fields. Such pulses can be focused on a nano-scale junction of an electronic circuit. The strong field then allows symmetry breaking of the electronic band structure and triggers charge tunneling from one side of the junction to the other one through the potential barrier of the dielectric medium. Since this effect depends nonlinearly on the bias field, a net current results in the limit of phase-locked excitation pulses thus giving rise to temporal resolution and control on the sub-cycle timescale. In this project we want to exploit the described phenomenon in a regime in which it would be possible to study ultrafast electron transport in nanosystems with strong quantum confinement. To this end, we plan to fabricate nanostructured plasmonic junctions in patterned circuits loaded with single quantum systems such as semiconductor quantum dots. To study the quantum charge transport on such systems we need extremely high sensitivities and a control of the current down to a single electron per pulse. In addition, it is extremely important that the pulse that triggers the quantum tunneling of the charges is far from any resonant optical excitation. For these reasons, we will develop a phase-locked Er:fiber laser source equipped with Tm: and Yb:fiber amplifying stages that will be able to generate single optical cycle optical pulses at wavelenghts around 2 microns. We envision that the study of the ultrafast quantum charge transport on samples positioned in the nano-junction will open new exciting parameter ranges and phenomena related to charge transport in quantum systems.

Keywords: p108 optics and quantum optics,p109 lasers and laser physics,p205 electronic properties of materials and transport,p212 nanophysics
Controlling Reproduction in Post-communist Romania: The Abortion Issue (REPROAB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Life-long training and career development
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Romania
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The abortion ban (1966-1989) during Ceausescu’s regime is considered one of the most repressive reproduction policies of the twentieth century. Immediately after the fall of the communist regime, the new Romanian government legalized abortion on request. Studies have documented the demographic consequences of the communist pronatalism in the early 1990s, but very little research has focused specifically on controlling reproduction in postcommunist Romania between the State and the individual. Based on long-term ethnography of the abortion issue in post-communist Romania, this research project seeks to understand the legacy of the former abortion ban in terms of institutional norms and individual practices. Interdisciplinary in nature, and primarily qualitative, it combines a social anthropology and Memory Studies approach in order to (1) inventory the public policies concerning abortion after 1989, as well as associated debates, and (2) analyze the individual practices of the medical profession, and their evaluation by the patients, both in a synchronic (participatory observation in abortion- providing facilities) and diachronic perspective (in-depth interviews, following a social memory approach). The associated fieldwork will be situated in south-central contemporary Romania (Bucharest and Prahova jurisdiction) and will involve several case studies in urban and rural settings. The overall scientific goal of the project is to provide, from a social anthropology point of view, a comprehensive understanding of the relations between past and present when dealing with biopolitics in a post-totalitarian regime. In this sense, postcommunist Romanian realities will be taken as a case-study, but insights will be made in the nature, the scope and the practice of biopower at the European level after 1989, between national agendas and international norms.

Keywords: romania,post-communism,biopolitics,abortion,social anthropology,social memory