Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The role of membrane trafficking in immune cell function (MEMBRANE DYNAMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2007-09-03
End date: 2011-09-02
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recently, receptor signal transduction has been identified to occur not only at the plasma membrane, but also at various intracellular compartments. Hence, receptor trafficking and signal compartmentalization may contribute to a higher level of cellular organization. The proposal’s objective is to understand fundamental principals in the regulation and biology of membrane trafficking and signal compartmentalization, and to test them in a physiological context. The overall research concept is to study two immune specific regulators for small GTPases, RIN3 and ACAP1, which are involved in the regulation of membrane trafficking and the actin cytoskeleton. In a functional genomic approach, mice deficient for these genes will be generated and lymphocyte signaling and immune cell function/development will be used as a physiological read out to study the biological role of signal compartmentalization. The analysis of knock-out mice will be complemented by biochemical in vitro experiments to further dissect molecular mechanisms of RIN3/ACAP1 function. In addition the potential role of these molecules in the development of immune disorders, such as allergy/asthma will be analyzed. Thus, the study will provide novel insights into the complexity of functions regulated by signal compartmentalization, may have far reaching implications for our understanding of immune cell function in health and disease, and may offer an opportunity to develop novel therapeutical strategies in autoimmunity. The researcher is an internationally experienced and well recognized expert for membrane dynamics and trafficking. The proposed theme regarding the physiologic relevance of membrane dynamics demonstrates a high degree of originality and innovation in a very promising research field. The host, the Research Center Borstel, is characterized by an interdisciplinary approach combining basic sciences with clinical research providing an ideal scientific environment to conduct the proposed work.

Keywords: signal compartmentalization,membrane trafficking,rin3,acap1,lymphocyte signaling,immune function
Coordination action to improve trans-national co-operation of NCPs REGIONAL (TRANS REG NCP)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Regions of Knowledge
Destination: Other Activities
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Poland,Romania,Greece,Bulgaria,Spain,Germany,France,Türkiye,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania
Call:  (FP7-REGIONS-2007-3, 2007)
Start date: 2008-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 448354.56
EU funding (EUR): 399782.81
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

The TRANS REG NCP project is aimed to create trans-national network of National Contact Points (NCP) for the Seventh Framework Programme under Regions of Knowledge through reinforcing the NCPs and promoting trans-national co-operation. The objective will be reached using the following measures: transfer of knowledge, exchange of experiences and good practices among Regional NCPs, and development and implementation of tools and methodologies for trans-national cooperation. Special attention will be given to helping less experienced NCPs which are requiring the know-how accumulated in other countries. Specific objectives are as follows: - improvement of NCPs expertise concerning EU developments in identification, stimulation and support to research driven clusters. This expertise will be built in a first place on existing results stemming out for example from Regions of Knowledge pilot actions, Innovating Regions of Europe Network, Mutual Learning Platform, Europe INNOVA initiative, etc. - improvement of quality of services provided. Good practices in NCP services will be implemented. Regional NCP Network will learn from experience of the former FP projects such as for example: Trainet Future and Transtrac and from more advanced NCP’s through trainings and transfer of knowledge, - development of common methodology for trans-national activities and networking between NCP’s, - increase of the NCP visibility on regional level and stimulation of regional stakeholders participation in FP7.

Keywords: regions of knowledge clusters contact point cooperation
Leptin, metabolic state and natural regulatory T cells: cellular and molecular basis for a novel immune intervention in autoimmunity (LEPTINMS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2011-10-31
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 880000.0
EU funding (EUR): 880000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our Group has been investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms involving leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone, in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS).We analyzed the serum and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) leptin secretion and the interaction between serum leptin and naturally occurring Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in naïve-to-therapy multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Leptin production was significantly increased in serum and CSF of MS patients and correlated with interferon-gamma (IFN-g) secretion in the CSF.T cell lines against human myelin basic protein (hMBP) produced leptin and upregulated the expression of the leptin receptor (ObR) after activation with hMBP; treatment with either anti-leptin or anti-leptin receptor neutralizing antibodies inhibited in vitro proliferation to hMBP.Interestingly, in the MS patients an inverse correlation between serum leptin and percentage of circulating Tregs was also observed. Moreover, treatment of EAE-susceptible mice with a leptin antagonist increased the percentage of Tregs and ameliorated disease clinical course and progression in proteolipid protein peptide (PLP139-151)-induced EAE.These findings show for the first time an inverse relationship between leptin secretion and the frequency of Tregs in EAE and MS.In the present project, we intend to analyze in vitro and in vivo, the relationship between leptin and Tregs in human and in animal models, studying at molecular and cellular level the effect of leptin and its neutralization on the survival, proliferation and cytokine secretion of Tregs.Despite recent advances, the precise requirements for the physiological development of Tregs such as the necessary milieu and their molecular/biochemical requirements, remain enigmatic.Understanding these events will be important for the generation of Tregs which could have potential implications for treatment of autoimmunity.

Keywords: leptin,autoimmunity,regulatory t cells,metabolism,inflammation,immune response,nutritional state,multiple sclerosis
Topological, Geometric and Analytical Study of Singularities (TGASS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2013-10-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 630000.0
EU funding (EUR): 630000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Singularity theory is a transversal research subject in which many different techniques converge (algebraic, analytical, geometric, topological), with different perspectives (local, global), but with a very strong interconnection. Our research involves the study of analytic singularities from different perspectives. Specific topics are the vanishing cohomology of singularities with its D-module and Hodge structure, the topology of the Milnor fibre, the embedded topology of the link, topological equisingularity, versal deformations and their base spaces with additional structure (such as Frobenius manifolds), invariants of surface singularities, rational cuspidal curves, global polynomial mappings, hyperesolutions and descent categories. More concretely we intend to work at the following topics and their interactions: 1.- Study a new class of non-isolated singularities introduced by the applicant which already had striking applications. Study the sheaf of vanishing cycles of non-isolated singularities. 2.- Develop a new program towards characterisation of topological equisingularity and apply it to the study of global polynomial mappings. Study several old fundamental questions in topological equisingularity such as the µ-constant problem. 3.- Study some conjectures on rational cuspidal plane curves, Q-acyclic open surfaces and normal surface singulatities with rational homology sphere links, via algebra-geometric and topological techniques. 4.- Study specific problems on configurations of varieties and their complements 5.- Study moduli of polynomial maps and algebraic endomorphisms. 6.- Study descent categories and applications to D-modules, Hodge Theory and Singularity Theory.

Keywords: singularities in algebraic and analytic geometry. algebraic and differential geometry and topology.
Measuring Dark Energy Properties Using Galaxy Surveys (MDEPUGS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2014-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 880000.0
EU funding (EUR): 880000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Observations have shown that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. At present, there is no physically motivated model to explain this, directly demonstrating that current theories of fundamental particles and gravity are either incorrect or incomplete. Understanding this phenomenon is consequently one of the most important outstanding problems in the whole of science. Perhaps the simplest solution is to postulate a new component of energy density with an effective negative pressure that forms 75\% of the present energy density of the Universe. There are many other theoretical ideas for explaining this phenomenon, which are often collectively referred to as ``dark energy''. The research in this proposal is designed to help to understand dark energy by setting constraints on the cosmological expansion. The spatial distribution of matter and its evolution are sensitive probes of the matter/energy content of the Universe. Consequently galaxy surveys, which trace this distribution, provide key avenues for understanding dark energy through a number of different techniques. One technique, which is the focus of the research proposed here, uses ``Baryon Acoustic Oscillations'' to constrain dark energy. Baryon Acoustic Oscillations are patterns of galaxies, initiated by sound waves in the early Universe, that form a fixed scale in the Universe whose true size we know. The apparent scale of these ``standard rulers'', when observed in galaxy surveys, constrains the distance--redshift relation and consequently how dark energy is driving the acceleration of the Universe. In this proposal, I request funding to set up a team to develop the novel techniques required to extract these distance measurements from the next generation of galaxy surveys, and apply them to measure dark energy properties. This will develop European leadership in a key future field of observational cosmology.

Keywords: none
Galaxies through the cosmic ages: the role of primordial conditions and environmental effects (STGDELUCIA2007)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2009-02-01
End date: 2014-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 750000.0
EU funding (EUR): 750000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The observed properties of galaxies have long been known to depend on the environment in which they are located. The physical origin of the observed environmental trends is, however, still a subject of debate. Much of the argument centres on whether these trends are the end products of physical processes acting over the entire lifetime of a galaxy (the nurture hypothesis), or whether they are established at formation (the nature hypothesis). One element is often overlooked in this debate: according to the current paradigm for structure formation, dark matter collapses into haloes in a bottom-up fashion. Small objects form first and subsequently merge into progressively larger systems. As structure grows, galaxies join more and more massive systems, and so experience a variety of environments over their lifetimes. Thus both initial conditions and subsequent physical processes must play a role in shaping the observed properties of galaxies, and their variation with environment. Here I propose a detailed investigation of the relative roles of various physical processes, and of conditions at formation in determining the observed environmental trends. The work will exploit synergies between different theoretical methods, and will involve detailed comparisons with observational data from spectroscopic and photometric surveys at both low and high redshift. The results should provide the first quantitative estimate of the relative importance of nature and nurture in determining the observed environmental trends within the current standard picture of structure formation. In addition, results from this study will be of important guidance for interpreting data from ongoing and planned surveys, and will provide precious and timely tools for the preparation of key programs and surveys for planned or proposed space missions and large telescope instruments (e.g. ELT, JWST, Herschel, etc.).

Keywords: environmental effects - primordial conditions - semi-analytic models - n-body and hydrodynamic simulations
Morphological Impacts and COastal Risks induced by Extreme storm events (MICORE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Environment (including Climate Change)
Destination: Climate change, pollution, and risks
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,Portugal,Portugal,Spain,France,Belgium,United Kingdom,Poland,Bulgaria,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Spain
Call:  (FP7-ENV-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4597073.6
EU funding (EUR): 3499954.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The project is specifically targeted to contribute to the development of a probabilistic mapping of the morphological impact of marine storms and to the production of early warning and information systems to support long-term disaster reduction. A review of historical storms that had a significant impact on a representative number of sensitive European sites will be undertaken. The nine sites are selected according to wave exposure, tidal regime and socio-economical pressures. They include outmost regions of the European Union at the border with surrounding states (e.g. the area of the Gibraltar Strait, the Baltic and Black Sea). All data will be compiled into in a homogeneous database of occurrence and related socio-economic damages, including the following information on the characteristics of the storms, on their morphological impacts, on the damages caused on society, on the Civil Protection schemes implemented after the events. Monitoring of selected sites will take place for a period of one year to collect new data sets of bathymetry and topography using state-of-the-arts technology (Lidar, ARGUS, Radar, DGPS). The impact of the storms on living and non-living resources will be done using low-cost portable GIS methods. Numerical models of storm-induced morphological changes will be tested and developed, using both commercial packages and developing a new open-source morphological model. The models will be linked to wave and surge forecasting models to set-up a real-time warning system and to implement its usage within Civil Protection agencies. The most important product of the project will be the conception of Storm Impact Indicators (SIIs) with defined threshold for the identification of major morphological changes and flooding associated risks. Finally, the results of the project will be disseminated as risk maps through an effective Web_GIS system.

Keywords: marine storms,databases,morphological monitoring,numerical modelling,coastal hazard interaction,warning systems
Spatially and temporally regulated membrane complexes in cancer cell invasion and cytokinesis (CANCER SIGNALOSOMES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1529369.0
EU funding (EUR): 1529369.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Cancer progression, characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and motility of cells, is a complex and deadly process. Integrins, a major cell surface adhesion receptor family, are transmembrane proteins known to regulate cell behaviour by transducing extracellular signals to cytoplasmic protein complexes. We and others have shown that recruitment of specific protein complexes by the cytoplasmic domains of integrins is important in tumorigenesis. Here our aim is to study three interrelated processes in cancer progression which involve integrin signalling, but which have not been elucidated earlier at all. 1) Integrins in cell division (cytokinesis). Since coordinated action of the cytoskeleton and membranes is needed both for cell division and motility, shared integrin functions can regulate both events. 2) Dynamic integrin signalosomes at the leading edge of invading cells. Spatially and temporally regulated, integrin-protein complexes at the front of infiltrating cells are likely to dictate the movement of cancer cells in tissues. 3) Transmembrane segments of integrins as scaffolds for integrin signalling. In addition to cytosolic proteins, integrins most likely interact with proteins within the membrane resulting into new signalling modalities. In this proposal we will use innovative, modern and even unconventional techniques (such as RNAi and live-cell arrays detecting integrin traffic, cell motility and multiplication, laser-microdissection, proteomics and bacterial-two-hybrid screens) to unravel these new integrin functions, for which we have preliminary evidence. Each project will give fundamentally novel mechanistic insight into the role of integrins in cancer. Moreover, these interdisciplinary new openings will increase our understanding in cancer progression in general and will open new possibilities for therapeutic intervention targeting both cancer proliferation and dissemination in the body.

Keywords: invasion,cytokinesis,cancer,integrin,matrix,membrane traffic
Investigating the terrestrial carbon and water cycles with a multi-tracer approach (COSIRIS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2007-StG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 76.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1822000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1822000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of COSIRIS is to isolate the simultaneous fluxes of photosynthesis and respiration of the terrestrial biosphere. With explicit knowledge of the component fluxes, we will: 1) test process based models of photosynthesis and respiration, 2) determine the sensitivity of each flux to environmental conditions, and 3) derive predictions of their responses to climate change. Specifically, COSIRIS aims to build a research facility to integrate a new tracer, carbonyl sulfide (COS) with CO2, water and their stable isotopes in a multi-tracer framework as a tool to separately investigate photosynthesis and respiration. In terrestrial ecosystems, CO2 is often taken up and released at the same time. Similar to CO2, COS is taken up during photosynthesis, but unlike CO2, concurrent COS emissions are small. Parallel COS and CO2 measurements thus promise to provide estimates of gross photosynthetic fluxes – impossible to measure directly at scales larger than a few leaves. The use of COS to derive CO2 fluxes has not been verified yet, but enough is known about their parallel pathways to suggest that COS, CO2 and its isotopes can be combined to yield powerful and unique constraints on gross carbon fluxes. COSIRIS will develop the expertise necessary to achieve this goal by providing: 1. an in-depth analysis of processes involved in COS uptake by vegetation, and of potentially interfering influences such as uptake by soil, 2. a novel process-based multi-tracer modelling framework of COS, CO2, water and their isotopes at the ecosystem scale, 3. extensive datasets on concurrent fluctuations of COS, CO2, water and their isotopes in ecosystems. This innovative approach promises advances in understanding and determining gross carbon fluxes at ecosystem to continental scales, particularly their variations in response to climate anomalies.

Keywords: carbonyl sulfide,stable isotopes,terrestrial gross carbon and water fluxes,biosphere-atmosphere interactions