Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Search for new physics through lattice simulations (NewPhysLat)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499981.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499981.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Despite its monumental success, we have reason to think that the Standard Model of particle physics is an effective description of a more fundamental theory. In order to maximise the chances of success of experiments to pinpoint the breakdown of this theory, it is crucial to provide precise, ab-initio theoretical predictions to compare it with. One of the main challenges in producing these predictions is to reliably take account of the non-perturbative, confining phase of the strong interaction. So far, the most efficient way to achieve that is to use numerical lattice simulations. In this proposal, I focus on theoretical quantities involved in the search for new physics and propose an ambitious lattice simulation programme to determine them precisely. Firstly, I propose to predict rare kaon decays amplitudes. These decays are extremely rare in the Standard Model and are expected to be sensitive to new physics. Secondly, I propose to determine how to include isospin breaking effects in the calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and meson leptonic and semi-leptonic decay rates. Including these effects is a highly non-trivial task which is necessary to push the theoretical precision of these observables beyond the percent level in order to provide a higher constraint on the Standard Model. Thirdly, I propose to explore holographic cosmology, an ambitious and innovative alternative to ΛCDM, the "standard model" of cosmology. Finally, all these projects will directly contribute to the development of Grid, the emerging world-leading software solution for lattice simulations. All these projects are strongly pushing the boundaries of the application of lattice simulations and the results will be confronted with experimental measurements within the next five years. This proposal focuses on supporting world-leading particle physics experiments and I will deliver high-impact results which have the potential to uncover new physics beyond the Standard Model.

Keywords: lattice field theory,rare decays,holography
Active aGeIng and Osteoporosis: The next challenge for smarT nanobiOmaterials and 3D technologies (GIOTTO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Advanced materials
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Ireland,Italy,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Greece,Switzerland,Belgium,Greece,Sweden,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Osteoarticular tissues regeneration (RIA) (H2020-NMBP-TR-IND-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 56.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5660096.25
EU funding (EUR): 5660096.25
Participants: 15
Project status: SIGNED

Osteoporosis is a systemic, degenerative disorder, predominantly affecting postmenopausal women (1 out of 3) but also men at an advanced age (1 out of 5) and it increases the prevalence of fracture risk. One fifth of people suffering an osteoporotic fracture will die within a year and half will become dependent. Appropriate anti-osteoporotic drugs are available but have serious side effects and they do not promote fracture healing. The concept behind GIOTTO is to develop a platform of technologies and materials for the treatment of different types of osteoporotic fractures, designing, manufacturing and validating three different solutions: 1) 3D graded scaffold, which can be fixated with screws, to treat long bone fractures 2) Fibrous scaffold to deal with small, not confined pelvic fractures; 3) Radiopaque, bioresorbable, injectable cement to stabilise vertebral fractures. The three devices will share smart nanobiomaterials that release chemical and biological cues to stimulate bone regeneration while reducing bone loss. Nanofunctionalisation and the smart, temporalised release of active molecules will allow for the systematic cell recruitment and activation needed to face the challenges of stimulating bone tissue regeneration in the elderly. The use of additive manufacturing technologies will enable device personalisation to match and better align with the patient’s anatomy and fracture type. A further boost to meet patient specificity and needs, will be provided through the use of functionalised magnetic nanoparticles in order to provide, via the application of an external oscillating magnetic field, a remote tool to activate mechanotransduction. In parallel, an Internet of Things platform will be developed to gather and collate measurable data inputs about device effectiveness and to provide decision support software as a service to improve the design, manufacture and clinical function of the proposed devices, ultimately managing the overall value chain.

Keywords: osteoporotic fractures,surface functionalisation,antibodies,additive manufacturing,direct writing electrospinning,injectable cement,superparamagnetic nanoparticles,internet of things
The Value of Refugees: The Impact of Inter-Asian Tibetan Buddhist Patronage Networks (FLOW)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-01-01
End date: 2024-03-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207312.0
EU funding (EUR): 207312.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project examines transnational patronage of the Tibetan diaspora and tracks its overlapping geopolitical and sociocultural impact at local, national, and international scales. In this project, I will first map transnational patronage, increasingly from Buddhist organizations sweeping across East and Southeast Asia, and second investigate its impact on the material, spiritual, and psychosocial landscape of the Tibetan diaspora in India. By combining anthropology, religious studies, and international relations, the project will generate new data on how the intersection of geopolitics and global Tibetan Buddhism shapes diasporic Tibetan identity and ethnic belonging in Indian settlements. In short, the project analyzes the recursive loop between transnational patronage and Tibetan identity formation within the Indian milieu it most directly impacts and against the backdrop of Chinese geopolitics it most clearly reflects. As such, it will be the first quadratic analysis of diasporic Tibetans grounded in ethnographic fieldwork. The imbrication of global Tibetan Buddhism, patronage networks, and refugee politics necessitates scholarship which analyzes value creation and attendant forms of soft power. Such research is a corrective to an anti-materialist “Othering” within Tibetan Studies which, paired with lay New Age Orientalism, distorts the ethnographic picture of contemporary Tibetans.

Keywords: diasporaic religion,tribal studies
Guillaume Postel and the East: Universalism in the Global Renaissance (PostelEast)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Italy,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-02-15
End date: 2025-02-14
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 251002.56
EU funding (EUR): 251002.56
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

The overarching objective of the PostelEast project is to provide the first in-depth philosophical and historical analysis of the political and religious universalism of the 16th-century French polymath Guillaume Postel (1510-1581) in his first main work, “De orbis terrae concordia” (1544). Postel theorized a peaceful political union between the East and the West, i.e., between Muslims, Jews, and Christians, under the renewal of an ancient and universal faith. Nonetheless, a comprehensive analysis of his universalistic theory and its intellectual context is still missing, since scholarship has focused on his Kabbalistic ideas. By ascertaining the crucial role of his interests in the Ottoman culture and the humanist milieu, this study will reconstruct the historical and philosophical roots, assumptions, and impact of Postel’s universalism, through the analysis of: (1) his first travel across the Ottoman Empire and its ideological implications; (2) the humanistic sources (familiar to Comacchi thanks to her past research), which orient Postel’s understanding of the Ottoman culture and religion; (3) his “De orbis terrae concordia;” (4) the transcultural transfer to which he contributed by bringing rare oriental books to Europe. Thus, the project will unearth his contribution to Western religious tolerance, cosmopolitanism, and orientalism. The three-year project will bring Dr. Comacchi at Indiana University Bloomington, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, and, during a secondment, at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Comacchi, who has international experience in Italy, Germany, and France, is confident that the Action will profoundly impact her career. She will acquire knowledge in the field of Renaissance studies from a global perspective, new skills, establish new fruitful relationships, and disseminate results among specialists and a wider audience, which will enable her to become a leading scholar in the field of the Renaissance history of philosophy and ideas.

Keywords: renaissance intellectual history,history of renaissance philosophy,16th century,religious tolerance,universalism,humanistic perception of the ottomans,cultural transfer
The spatio-temporal representational architecture of memory (STREAM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2016-STG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-03-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1493400.0
EU funding (EUR): 691919.67
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Episodic memories are the essential building blocks of our identities. How the brain codes these memories such that we can access them minutes, days or even years later is still unknown. We tend to believe that the memories we bring back to mind are more or less precise "snapshots" of a past event. Reflecting this view, current neurocognitive studies focus on isolating static snapshots of past events in an individual's pattern of brain activity. This snapshot approach, however, ignores the reconstructive and dynamic nature of the retrieval process, necessarily limiting our understanding of human memory. The vision behind STREAM is to advance the field beyond its current state of the art by mapping the spatiotemporal dynamics of mnemonic reconstruction in the human brain. The research programme contains three work packages that support this vision at multiple levels of investigation, from combined electrophysiological and hemodynamic activity down to neuronal assembly firing patterns in the human hippocampus. These techniques are used in combination with paradigms that decompose memories into their constituent elements, and track the neural representations of these elements as they unfold in time and space when an event is reconstructed from memory. So far, it has been difficult to integrate information obtained by these various recording techniques. STREAM will use an innovative representational mapping approach that combines spatiotemporal information at the level of an individual's neural representational architecture. This approach enables us to directly map memory patterns emerging at a given time point onto a given brain region. If successful, STREAM will reveal the first comprehensive spatiotemporal map of memory retrieval, with the potential to cause a major shift in the field away from the currently dominant snapshot paradigm towards a time-resolved, reconstructive view of human memory.
Gradients of Europeanness in Colonial Africa: the case of the Portuguese in the Congo Free State (c. 1885-1908) (GRADIENTS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 263358.72
EU funding (EUR): 263358.72
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Historians of colonialism and post-colonial scholars have long argued that what we identify as ‘European’ was formed during, and because of, the overseas expansion and the encounters with the ‘others’ in colonial settings. But what did it mean to be ‘European’ in colonial Africa? From the sixteenth century, Africans at the Congo Basin witnessed the arrival of Europeans of different origins who established permanent trading posts in coastal areas. Due to their high mortality, Europeans depended on Africans and mixed with them, giving rise to colonial societies where forms of self-identification and identification by others as European were not in black and white. Ideas of Europeanness were understood as on a spectrum with many gradients. By the late nineteenth century, Europeans were able to penetrate the interior of the continent and new prophylactics allowed the significant increase in the number of Europeans attracted by new opportunities to exploit natural resources and Africans’ labour. Meanwhile, the ‘science’ of race had reinforced existing ideas of natural inequality associated with phenotype features and of the superiority of the ‘white’ race, with its own internal hierarchies. How did these transformations affect processes of identity formation as European in the age of high imperialism, and what made them different from earlier local configurations? Answering this question will contribute to a better understanding of the (dis)continuities of imperialism in Africa as a collective European project, and the roles of evolving social structures and power relations in shaping it locally. Moving away from approaches centred in nation-based empires (by itself or compared) and arguing for a transnational approach centred in interactions and connections between actors in the colonies, this project takes the Portuguese in the Congo Free State, which remained a cosmopolitan hub for Europeans after the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885, as a point of departure.

Keywords: congo free state,portuguese migrants,racialised identities,europeanness,transnational history,trans imperial migrations,history of modern european colonialism
Quantiative Study of Major Historic Epidemics and Transitions to longer, healthier lives (HistoricEpi)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2017-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Only 150 years ago, one in five Europeans died in infancy, life expectancy was 40 years, and the leading causes of death were infectious diseases: tuberculosis, smallpox, measles, pertussis, diphtheria, cholera, typhoid fever, scarlet fever. But in just a few decades beginning about 1880, life expectancy rose dramatically as infectious disease mortality plummeted. This “2nd epidemiologic transition”, in which chronic diseases began replacing infections as leading causes of death, occurred well in advance of antibiotics and most vaccines. Many factors have been proposed to explain it, including improved nutrition, sanitation, clean drinking water, better housing and the emergence of social support systems. Little has been done, however, to systematically rescue and quantitatively study historic health data and rigorously investigate the epidemiologic transition. I lay out here an ambitious, novel, interdisciplinary and feasible proposal to do just that. In the process, I will broaden my research scope from statistical modeling of historic pandemic influenza to all historic infections, understand the historical context in which the transition occurred, and master new concepts in dynamic disease modeling. Danish historic medical data are uniquely detailed and reach far back in time, and are uniquely suited for quantitative studies of long time series of morbidity and mortality, with the promise to further illuminate the epidemiology of important diseases including smallpox, cholera, and measles. After 25 years abroad as a senior researcher at the National Institutes of Health and Professor of Global Health in the U.S., I now wish to return to my native Denmark. I had the honor this year to be elected to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, and receive funding to be a visiting professor at the University of Copenhagen, and trust this signals the beginning of my successful re-integration to European academia.

Keywords: epidemic disease,mathematical modeling,historic medical research
Fungal diversity, ecosystem services and forest management: unravelling the role and dynamics of fungal communities in multifunctional Mediterranean forests. (MultiFUNGtionality)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Forest fungi are a major biodiversity component of Mediterranean forests, and contribute to providing crucial ecosystem services. Thus, changes in fungal communities driven by environmental factors and human actions on ecosystems may have, ultimately, an impact on human well-being. Understanding and predicting such changes and their subsequent impact on the provision of ecosystem services is crucial to enable scientifically sound decision-making in land–use planning. However, our knowledge on such complex ecological systems is limited due to the high diversity of forest fungi and their cryptic nature. This action aims at addressing such complexity by contributing to unravelling how fungal diversity is affected by several drivers and, in turn, how it affects the provision of multiple ecosystem services to be further integrated into multifunctional forest management. This will be possible thanks to multi-scale, high-quality data on above- and belowground diversity and its potential drivers. Such data will be analyzed using advanced hybrid modelling techniques, and the resulting models will be combined in simulation-optimization routines to enable science-based decision making in forestry sensitive to fungal diversity. This will be the leading thread of an action that aims at having high impact on the research career of Dr. Sergio de Miguel for him to attain a position of maturity as an independent and interdisciplinary researcher.

Keywords: forest management,modelling,hybrid models,forest ecology,fungi,environmental drivers
The Urban Revolution and the Political (urban-rev politics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Türkiye,France
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-11-01
End date: 2023-10-31
Duration (months): 84.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499940.0
EU funding (EUR): 1428002.5
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

This project is a transnational and comparative study of the political implications of the contemporary ‘urban revolution,’ namely the sweeping socio-cultural, economic, and territorial transformations through which the urban becomes the predominant mode of existence of societies across the world. Across the social sciences and as well as journalistic literatures, there has been a remarkable proliferation of debates around the social and ecological implications of contemporary urbanization. What is largely missing in these timely debates, however, is any systematic and in-depth engagement with the political significance of the ongoing ‘urban revolution.’ This is due to a lack of systematic research and theoretical engagement regarding the unprecedented prominence of accumulation regimes based on the speculative production, trade and consumption of space. Similarly, extant theoretical tools of urban political analysis fall short of conceptualizing the increasingly planetary nature of privatization and exploitation of the urban and their intricate links to global finance. In addressing these gaps the project advances two overarching goals: 1. to develop conceptual tools for and comparative insights into the increasingly dominant urban-based accumulation regimes, and 2. to advance the politicization of academic and public discourses on the planetary urban condition. I propose three relational levels (extended moments) of analysis, which respectively focus on the finance/real-estate/state nexus, the exploitation of the urban, and the emerging spaces of the political. These correspond to three subprojects that focus on transnational, everyday, and political dimensions of the urban revolution. The methodological approach will be multi-sited global ethnography, which will combine ethnographies of place-based relations and transnational networks. Filmmaking will be used not only as a research method but also as a storytelling medium.

Keywords: urban revolution,the political