Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Network Reconstruction of Human Perceptual and Reward Learning via Multimodal Data Fusion (DyNeRfusion)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2019-COG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2026-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1996043.0
EU funding (EUR): 1996043.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Training and experience can lead to long-lasting improvements in our ability to make decisions based on either ambiguous sensory or probabilistic information (e.g. learning to diagnose a noisy x-ray image or betting on the stock market). These two processes are referred to as perceptual and probabilistic/reward learning, respectively. Despite considerable efforts to uncover the neural systems involved in these processes, perceptual and reward learning have largely been studied in separate lines of research using divergent learning mechanisms. The primary aim of this proposal is to develop a unified framework for integrating these lines of research and understand the extent to which they share a common computational and neurobiological basis. Specifically, we will test the proposition that both the perceptual and reward systems could be understood in a common framework of “reward maximization”, whereby a domain-general reinforcement-guided learning mechanism – based on separate prediction error representations – facilitates future actions and adaptive behavior. To offer a comprehensive spatiotemporal characterization of the relevant networks and their computational principles we will adopt a state-of-the-art multimodal neuroimaging approach to fuse simultaneously-acquired EEG and fMRI data, via machine-learning-inspired multivariate single-trial analysis techniques and computational modelling. The project’s ultimate goal is to empower a level of neuronal and mechanistic understanding that extends beyond what could be inferred with each of these modalities in isolation. We will achieve this goal by exploiting endogenous trial-by-trial electrophysiological variability to build parametric fMRI predictors that can offer additional explanatory power than what can already be achieved by stimulus- or behaviorally-derived predictors, allowing us to go over and beyond what has been reported previously in the literature.

Keywords: fmri,modelling,learning,decision making
Valuation Adjustments for Improved Risk Management (ABC-EU-XVA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Industrial Doctorates
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Spain,Spain,Belgium,Netherlands,Netherlands
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1550869.2
EU funding (EUR): 1550869.2
Participants: 11
Project status: CLOSED

This EID aims to address significant challenges arising from the mathematical modelling, numerical computation and risk management, in the form of valuation adjustments, of financial contracts. Valuation adjustments represent a major focus of the on-going regulatory reform related to the recent global financial crisis. X-Value Adjustment (XVA) refers generally to these different valuation adjustments. The purpose of XVA is two-fold: To hedge possible losses due to a counterparty default event, and to determine the amount of capital required by the institution under the new regulations. The "X" in XVA can be many letters, as institutions have to deal with CVA (credit value adjustment), FVA (funding value adjustment), KVA (capital value adjustment), MVA (margin value adjustment), etc. This is reflected in the EID's title. As these adjustments require deep understanding in terms of the mathematical modelling and efficient computation, we will work at the forefront and consider huge financial portfolios and different market scenarios, inclusing extreme cases. We thus wish to educate six ESRs in modern risk management and valuation adjustments, and we are in the unique setting that four major European banks, one major European insurer plus a major consulting company agreed to join efforts with five reputed academic beneficiaries, from Spain, Italy, Belgium and the Netherlands. The industry will host the ESRs for 18 months and will be active in the special organized Events. Next to advanced research projects for ESRs, we will set up a series of educational weeks in the form of summer- and winterschools, where different aspects of risk management and valuation adjustments, including wrong-way risk, collateralization, real world versus risk neutral measure simulations are discussed in detail. Tailored courses on entrepeneurship, on boosting the ESR's CVs, on management and proposal writing will give the ESRs a warm start of a successful career in the financial industry.

Keywords: risk management,mathematical modelling,computational algorithms,derivatives pricing,valuation adjustments
Nanoscience doctoral training to address societal challenges in materials science, biomedicine and energy (GenerationNano)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Co-funding of regional, national and international programmes (COFUND)-Doctoral programmes
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Co-funding of regional, national and international programmes (H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3037440.0
EU funding (EUR): 1518720.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Nanotechnology is widely considered to be one of the drivers of innovations in the 21st century. Specifically, nanoscience strongly contributes to several of the key enabling technologies identified by the European Commission, including Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials and Biotechnologies, and Sustainable development. In this way, nanotechnology also has significant potential to directly address Europe’s Societal Challenges, including clean and efficient energy, resource efficiency, health and well-being. The effective use of nanotechnology requires a highly trained workforce able to tackle interdisciplinary challenges through combination of unique approaches, advanced materials and characterization techniques coupled with a clear understanding of technology and market needs. The GenerationNano program will effectively consolidate and leverage externally (public and private) funded projects to facilitate a cohesive training program that integrates multiple disciplines, mobility, training in innovation processes and leadership to produce tomorrow’s leaders in nanotechnology and nano-innovation. GenerationNano’s is highly timely and is specifically designed for the Lund region in Southern Scandinavia. First, large investments into basic nanoscience have by now built up an extensive base of knowledge, infrastructure and materials synthesis capabilities related to nanostructures, and a large number of highly innovative applications are emerging. The time to focus on future applications is now. Second, the project is perfectly timed to coincide with major investments into regional nanotechnology e.g. world-leading nanomaterials research at NanoLund (the host of GenerationNano); the worlds brightest synchrotron MAX IV; ; the start of institute- and pilotfabrication operations (ProNano) within nanotechnology in Lund by RISE, to bring nanotech innovations from proof-of-concept all the way to production; and multiple nanotech companies.

Keywords: nanotechnology and nano innovation,multi disciplinary,intersectorial,esr mobility,training in,innovation processes and leadership,transparent and merit based recruitment
Comprehensive Climate Modeling of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (CliMoTran)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The recent geological past is characterized by the cyclic growth and decay of large continental ice-sheets in the northern hemisphere driven by changes in incoming solar radiation associated with Earth’s orbital configuration. These glacial-interglacial cycles initially responded to the 41,000 year pacing of Earth’s axial tilt, but about 1 million years ago this periodicity slowed down to ~100,000 year cycles without any discernible change in orbital parameters, thus indicating fundamental shifts in internal feedback mechanisms. Yet, converging evidence for the origin of this remarkable change in glacial-interglacial pacing, known as the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, remains elusive. The CliMoTran project aims towards a comprehensive understanding of this unique climate transition through the employment of the Bern3D Earth System model. In order to enable fully dynamical simulations of glacial-interglacial cycles a readily available vertical integrated ice-sheet model will be coupled to the exceptionally computational efficient Bern3D model. Newly compiled paleoclimatic reconstructions will form important constraints on the past climate that can be directly compared to the wide palette of tracers implemented in the Bern3D model. This, together with the individually explored forcing parameters will shed light on the complex processes that were responsible for the remarkable slow-down of ice age cycles. As such, the project will advance the understanding of the relevant, often interwoven, driving processes of climate change, a much-needed undertaking for improving predictions of future climate in the face of accelerated anthropogenic carbon emissions. Conducted in a leading multidisciplinary research environment CliMoTran will thus not only expand the researcher’s previous scientific background in environmental physics and Earth sciences but will also enhance the development of his career as an independent researcher in a unique way.

Keywords: climate modeling,mid pleistocene transition,glacial interglacial cycles,ice sheet modeling
Metaphorical Narratives in Dementia Discourse (MeNDD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2022-07-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Research on dementia discourse has shown how our attitudes, views and words have a positive or negative influence on the well-being of People Living With Dementia (PLWD). In 2013, Alzheimer Europe’s report underlined worrying ethical risks of metaphor use in dementia narratives, including stigmatisation, stereotyping and social exclusion. Yet we still do not have an adequate understanding of these potential risks and of the ethical responsibility needed when ‘metaphorical narratives’ (MNs), or metaphorical scenarios, are used in dementia discourse between scientists, journalists, caregivers and PLWD. This may increase risks of conflict and misunderstanding between these different social agents. It also hinders developing a responsible (i.e., respectful) use of MNs in dementia discourse, complying with the EU H2020 emphasis on Responsible Research and Innovation and healthy ageing. MeNDD develops an innovative interdisciplinary approach combining the experienced researcher’s historical-philosophical work on MNs in the biosciences across times and in responsible health communication with the supervisor’s new model of metaphor in discourse. It joins together a historical-epistemological approach, corpus research and informant analysis to build an innovative model of ‘social awareness of dementia MNs’. It shows how science, the media, professional caregivers and PLWD use two-major dementia MNs of ‘cognitive decline’ and ‘brain plasticity’ while balancing the potential risks and the ethical responsibility in differentiated, occasionally diverging ways. The model reveals the major patterns of social awareness of the two MNs in dementia discourse, highlighting potential risks of conflict and misunderstanding between the different groups. It is designed for utilisation in enhancing a responsible dementia discourse: it can be applied in health professionals’ training, in healthcare and in public campaigns to reduce risks of miscommunication in practice.

Keywords: metaphor,narrative,dementia discourse,risk of misunderstanding,ethical responsibility,responsible language use,linguistics,discourse analysis,ethics,health communication,social health,aging
Multiscale Inversion of Porous Rock Physics using High-Performance Simulators: Bridging the Gap between Mathematics and Geophysics (MATHROCKS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Research and innovation staff exchange
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Spain,Australia,Argentina,Spain,Spain,Poland,Colombia,France,United States,Chile,Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Call: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 765000.0
EU funding (EUR): 765000.0
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

We will develop and exchange knowledge on applied mathematics, high-performance computing (HPC), and geophysics to better characterize the Earth´s subsurface. We aim to better understand porous rocks physics in the context of elasto-acoustic wave propagation phenomena. We will develop parallel high-continuity isogeometric analysis (IGA) simulators for geophysics. We will design and implement fast and robust parallel solvers for linear equations to model multi-physics electromagnetic and elasto-acoustic phenomena. We seek to develop a parallel joint inversion workflow for electromagnetic and seismic geophysical measurements. To verify and validate these tools and methods, we will apply the results to: characterise hydrocarbon reservoirs, determine optimal locations for geothermal energy production, analyze earthquake propagation, and jointly invert deep-azimuthal resistivity and elasto-acoustic borehole measurements. Our target computer architectures for the simulation and inversion software infrastructure consists of distributed-memory parallel machines that incorporate the latest Intel Xeon Phi processors. Thus, we will build a hybrid OpenMP and MPI software framework. We will widely disseminate our collaborative research results through publications, workshops, postgraduate courses to train new researchers, a dedicated webpage with regular updates, and visits to companies working in the area. Therefore, we will perform a significant role in technology transfer between the most advanced numerical methods and mathematics, the latest super-computer architectures, and the area of applied geophysics.

Keywords: earth exploration,finite elements,simulation and inversion,high order methods,advanced numerical methods
Neural mechanisms of crossmodal activity in blind and sighted individuals (THE CROSSMODAL BRAIN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-02-15
End date: 2025-02-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Our ability to learn rests on the brain’s capacity to change. People who are blind since birth have to rely more strongly on the intact sense, hearing and touch, to interact with their environment. As a consequence, blind people often show superior abilities when it comes to discriminating sounds and touch. For example, they can distinguish different voices more easily. The blind brain shows large changes due to the lack of vision: the part of the brain that responds to visual input in sighted people is now activated by the processing of sounds and touch, which is called “crossmodal plasticity”. Not only blind people, but also sighted people sometimes show crossmodal activation of the visual cortex while perceiving sounds or touch. As many environmental events are multisensory in nature, e.g. we simultaneously see and hear a person, it is thought that all related sensory representations are activated in distributed networks across the brain – even if only one sensory input is received. The proposed project investigates, using the latest advances in ultra-high field imaging, the detailed underlying mechanisms of crossmodal activation of visual brain regions during voice perception in blind and sighted humans in order to understand how the brain adapts to experience.

Keywords: crossmodal plasticity,blindness
Innovative 3D electro-printing method to improve power, capacity and safety of lithium ion-batteries (Addionics)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Israel
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2019-11-30
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We are currently experiencing one of the most dynamic shifts in the history of modern transportation. With a continuous decrease of oil resources, increase in number of cars and the growth of tail gas pollution, more and more countries began to the importance of Electric Vehicles (EVs) by setting ambitious sales targets. EU transportation sector has committed to a 60% reduction in green-house gas emission by 2050. However, despite the growth of the EV market, the development in the battery has been only incremental, without massive breakthroughs, since 1991 when Sony launched first commercial Lithium-Ion batteries. Addionics innovative technology and materials can create Li-ion batteries with higher capacity, power and energy density. Using unique 3D electro-printing method, and easy manufacturing process, Addionics will enable longer EV battery life, shorter charging time and higher safety.

Keywords: energy systems production,distribution,application
Genetics and function of neuronal circuits controlling goal oriented movements (Space and Motion)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2021-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1495731.0
EU funding (EUR): 1495731.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

With this proposal I plan to dissect, at the genetic level, those circuits controlling goal-oriented movements in mice. In particular, we will focus on the very feature that makes goal-oriented movements so unique in the world of motor control, the spatial awareness of such movements, the fact that their execution is likely to obey a precise metric. I want to understand: (1) which neuronal circuits promote the initiation of targeted-movement and assess the genetic heterogeneity of these circuits. (2) Characterise the function of genetically identified circuit elements during movement execution, with the aim of understanding how the metric of motion is encoded. (3) Investigate how sensory maps and motor maps are aligned during development and probe their plasticity. In prospective (4), we aim to understand how changes in such circuits impinge on the development and evolution of innate behaviours such as predation. The French mathematician Henry Poincaré wrote that ‘The real space is motor space’. Embedded in this idea is the intimate relation between the perceptual encoding of space and motor execution. Accordingly, our research starts at the motor level and aims to move to the perceptual level.

Keywords: motor control,neural circuits,circuit tracing,goal oriented movements,spatial perception,sensory maps development,motor maps development,colliculus,behaviour