Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Microplastics in Europe's freshwater ecosystems: From sources to solutions (LimnoPlast)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Norway,Norway,Sweden,Slovenia,France,France,Netherlands,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 50.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4046356.26
EU funding (EUR): 4046356.26
Participants: 15
Project status: SIGNED

Microscopic plastic debris, so-called microplastics (MP), pose a global challenge. As most plastic is produced and used inland, the considerable lack of knowledge on their sources and impacts in freshwater ecosystems inhibits effective mitigation measures. To meet this challenge, LimnoPlast will for the first time bring together environmental, technical, and social sciences with the vision to transform a new understanding of freshwater MP to innovative solutions. LimnoPlast will: - Train a new type of scientists able to tackle the complex plastics issue holistically and contribute to Europe’s innovation and Circular Economy capacity. Working at the interface of three usually very distant disciplines, they will promote a step change in how we deal with this and future environmental challenges. - Provide the first comprehensive assessment of the sources and impacts of freshwater MP based on the analysis of three major urban areas as hotspots of plastic pollution. - Innovate technological solutions to the plastics issue, including novel processes to remove MP from municipal and industrial wastewater as well as bio-degradable, environmentally sound polymers. - Promote societal change by understanding the economic, legislative and social context of freshwater MP. - Transform science into a set of specific solutions, including (I) the prioritization of actions based on the sources and impacts of MP, development of (II) better processes and polymers, (III) risk communication strategies and societal interventions, (IV) effective policy and legislative interventions. - Transfer the LimnoPlast outcomes to European decision makers, stakeholders and the public to enable and promote action on freshwater MP using an innovative communication and dissemination strategy.

Keywords: microplastic,freshwater ecosystems,aquatic ecology,public health,harmonisation of methods,biopolymers,risk communication,environmental policy,environmental law
Algal Lipids: the Key to Earth Now and aNcient Earth (ALKENoNE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2014-STG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-04-01
End date: 2021-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 940883.0
EU funding (EUR): 940883.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Alkenones are algal lipids that have been used for decades to reconstruct quantitative past sea surface temperature. Although alkenones are being discovered in an increasing number of lake sites worldwide, only two terrestrial temperature records have been reconstructed so far. The development of this research field is limited by the lack of interdisciplinary research that combines modern biological and ecological algal research with the organic geochemical techniques needed to develop a quantitative biomarker (or molecular fossil) for past lake temperatures. More research is needed for alkenones to become a widely used tool for reconstructing past terrestrial temperature change. The early career Principal Investigator has discovered a new lake alkenone-producing species of haptophyte algae that produces alkenones in high abundances both in the environment and in laboratory cultures. This makes the new species an ideal organism for developing a culture-based temperature calibration and exploring other potential environmental controls. In this project, alkenone production will be manipulated, and monitored using state-of-the-art photobioreactors with real-time detectors for cell density, light, and temperature. The latest algal culture and isolation techniques that are used in microalgal biofuel development will be applied to developing the lake temperature proxy. The objectives will be achieved through the analysis of 90 new Canadian lakes to develop a core-top temperature calibration across a large latitudinal and temperature gradient (Δ latitude = 5°, Δ spring surface temperature = 9°C). The results will be used to assess how regional palaeo-temperature (Uk37), palaeo-moisture (δDwax) and palaeo-evaporation (δDalgal) respond during times of past global warmth (e.g., Medieval Warm Period, 900-1200 AD) to find an accurate analogue for assessing future drought risk in the interior of Canada.

Keywords: organic geochemistry,biomarkers,alkenones,palaeo temperature,haptophyte
Microbial Dimethylsulfide Degradation in Anoxic Wetland Sediments (DMSWet)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-03-22
End date: 2021-03-21
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the most abundant organic sulfur compound emitted to the atmosphere and is considered as the ‘climate-cooling gas’. However, its microbial degradation in anoxic sediments leads to the production of methane and carbon dioxide, which are the significant greenhouse gases. Wetlands, which account for ~ 30% of the methane emissions from natural sources globally, are hotspots for DMS with concentrations up to 10µM. Better monitoring and management of wetlands in terms of methane emissions are encouraged under the EU decision No 529/2013/EU, to mitigate climate change. Anaerobic microbial communities metabolizing DMS and producing methane (methanogens) likely has a huge impact on the methane flux from wetlands. Understanding the microbial mechanisms that control the methane production from wetland sediments and including this information in climate prediction models are urgently required for devising effective strategies to comply with climate change mitigation goals. To fill this major gap in our knowledge, we designed this project around three objectives: (1) Characterize the active methanogenic populations that degrade DMS to methane in anoxic wetland sediments (2) Characterize the anaerobic DMS degradation pathway and their environmental regulation in wetland sediments. (3) Develop a model to predict the response of methanogens to temperature change in anoxic wetland sediments. These will be achieved using state-of-the-art microbial ecology techniques (stable isotope probing-sequencing) combined with statistical modelling, which makes this project highly novel and competitive. The outcomes of this project will advance our understanding of the role of microbial communities on methane emissions from wetlands and their response to the temperature rise. Hence, they will further advance the European excellence in the fields of microbial ecology and climate change.

Keywords: dimethyl sulfide,microbial ecology,methane,climate change,metagenomics
1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkenes by Merging Photoredox and Transition-Metal Catalysis (PHOTALLICA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162806.4
EU funding (EUR): 162806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

PHOTALLICA aims to develop a general approach towards the 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of unactivated alkenes to afford highly functionalized carbon skeletons. The outlined strategy is based on a 3-component cross-coupling reaction in which the reactivity of the coupling partners is governed by merging a photoredox and a transition-metal catalytic cycle. The specific objectives of this action are to give access to 1,2-arylalkyl, 1,2-dialkyl and 1,2-diaryl substitution patterns starting from unactivated alkenes, radical precursors, and electrophiles or nucleophiles as the coupling partners, as well as to study the mechanism of the developed transformations. The products are vicinal substituted alkyl chains, which are prevalent motifs in biologically active compounds. The action aligns with H2020 societal challenges that seek to improve resource efficiency and the use of raw materials as –as opposed to the state-of-the-art strategies– it avoids the use of pre-functionalized alkenes by using feedstock olefins, instead. The background in transition-metal catalyzed transformations of the candidate (Eloísa Serrano, ES), together with the expertise of the host (Prof. Frank Glorius, FG, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany) on the development dual photoredox strategies, make an ideal combination to realize PHOTALLICA. The developed transformations will have an impact on the way α-olefins, which are produced on multi-ton scale by the chemical industry, are functionalized by providing a more efficient disconnection approach towards vicinal substituted alkyl scaffolds. By developing the action in a dynamic and renowned research group, the candidate will acquire new skills in project management, mentoring, leadership and communication.

Keywords: dicarbofunctionalization,unactivated alkenes,radical chemistry
Articulations of Desire: Populism and the Future of Democracy (AoD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 263358.72
EU funding (EUR): 263358.72
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project argues for a coherent concept of political desire as a necessary step toward understanding the limitations of democratic institutions. As democracies around the world react to unprecedented challenges, distrust of the various national and supranational institutions presiding over North American and European democracy has risen sharply. This skepticism has led to unstable political conditions and an agitated populace. The uncertain future of democratic institutions is magnified by populist resurgences that challenge existing norms and defy conventional political wisdom. A mounting concern to philosophers and political scientists alike, populism has been identified as a significant result – and sometimes source – of political turmoil. However, an understanding of precisely how and why these movements arise and gain traction has not been given due attention from a broader philosophical position. “Articulations of Desire” (AoD) contends that there is more at stake in populism than unrest, demagoguery, and mob rule. Seen through a lenses of order and disorder, rationality and irrationality, populism is thought to be the chaotic and ungovernable whims of the masses. However, this project approaches populism as the eruption of repressed collective desire. This project assert that unresponsiveness to desire often does jeopardize democratic processes, but precisely because it delegitimizes institutional claims to sovereign democratic authority. Here, desire can be defined as a positive vector of expression and demand that is a foundational force of collectivity. By developing a concept of political desire and examining the nature of populism, this project seeks a new understanding of democratic collectivity that challenges dominant Liberal models. By developing this line of inquiry, this project seeks to expand the possibilities for future democratic thought and provide useful conceptual tools for further inquiries into political philosophy and democracy.

Keywords: continental philosophy,philosophy of desire,democracy,institutions,distrust,collectivity
A novel double-point intravascular diagnostic probe with continuous monitoring of the biomarker panel, dual oxygen tension PcvO2 and PcsO2, for clinical assessment of heart failure (Sniff-Nose)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Clinical research for the validation of biomarkers and/or diagnostic medical devices (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 2.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sniff-Nose shall sniff the oxygen tension resp. saturation of venous blood at two positions of a probe – with curved geometry to achieve that – in the Vena Cava (where all the returning blood of the body except of the heart flows) and in the Coronary Sinus (where the returned blood of the heart flows). As an abnormal metabolic situation of the heart muscle e.g. at heart failure will result in lower oxygen tension in the coronary sinus than in the rest of the body, the coronary sinus oxygen tension resp. saturation in comparison to the central venous oxygen tension resp. saturation is the biomarker for heart failure assessment. Our novel double-point intravascular diagnostic probe with continuous monitoring of the biomarker panel, dual oxygen tension PcvO2 and PcsO2, will utilise the state-of-the-art single optical fluorescent fiber technology to minimise geometry and size, to save the space in the probe and to achieve usability (instead of double fiber technology as in partially competing products for each measurement point) with outside diameters which can be inserted into the Vena Cava. The needs of the customers exist as literature describes procedure solutions to measure oxygenation at the two vascular positions, but these procedure solutions result in intermittent blood withdrawals through the insertion sheath from the Vena Cava with a longer time to results. Technical feasibility assessment of our Sniff Nose solution has been performed in-vitro in our labs, TRL 3. The Sniff-Nose dual-oximetry diagnostic probe market can be estimated from the central venous catheters market, with a global market of $645 million in 2013 and an annual growth rate of 4.9% through 2019. From the capabilities of our UK distribution partner Kimal plc we will solve the unmet needs of the cardiologists and anaesthesiologists, and achieve over the first 5 years sales of several hundred thousand probes.

Keywords: heart failure,oxygen tension,vena cava,coronary sinus
Foundations of Factorized Data Management Systems (FADAMS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Switzerland,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2022-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1980966.0
EU funding (EUR): 1026886.71
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this project is to investigate scalability questions arising with a new wave of smart relational data management systems that integrate analytics and query processing. These questions will be addressed by a fundamental shift from centralized processing on tabular data representation, as supported by traditional systems and analytics software packages, to distributed and approximate processing on factorized data representation. Factorized representations exploit algebraic properties of relational algebra and the structure of queries and analytics to achieve radically better data compression than generic compression schemes, while at the same time allowing processing in the compressed domain. They can effectively boost the performance of relational processing by avoiding redundant computation in the one-server setting, yet they can also be naturally exploited for approximate and distributed processing. Large relations can be approximated by their subsets and supersets, i.e., lower and upper bounds, that factorize much better than the relations themselves. Factorizing relations, which represent intermediate results shuffled between servers in distributed processing, can effectively reduce the communication cost and improve the latency of the system. The key deliverables will be novel algorithms that combine distribution, approximation, and factorization for computing mixed loads of queries and predictive and descriptive analytics on large-scale data. This research will result in fundamental theoretical contributions, such as complexity results for large-scale processing and tractable algorithms, and also in a scalable factorized data management system that will exploit these theoretical insights. We will collaborate with industrial partners, who are committed to assist in providing datasets and realistic workloads, infrastructure for large-scale distributed systems, and support for transferring the products of the research to industrial users.

Keywords: database theory,distributed query processing,approximate query processing,structural compression,in database analytics
All Metal-Organic Framework-Based Architecture for Efficient Electrocatalytic Ammonia Production (MOFAmmonia)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2026-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR) stands as one of the most promising green alternatives to achieve clean, carbon-free and sustainable NH3 production, solving the globe’s future production of food and feed-stock chemicals, and serve as practical carrier of sustainable energy. Up to now, the NRR field has been dominated mostly by noble metals, transition metals and their corresponding oxides, carbides, nitrides and sulfides, and metal-free materials. Despite the significant progress in this field, NRR electrocatalysts exhibiting both high activity and selectivity do not exist today and novel materials are still much sought after. Thus, the development of suitable catalytic materials will be a game changer, allowing NRR to fulfil its role in the globe’s energy-economy landscape. The project’s aim is to develop a new concept to combine the virtues of both pristine and converted Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) based materials, forming a new strategy to overcome the activity and selectivity limitations of currently-explored NRR electrocatalytic systems. Specifically, we will (1) develop new, controllable synthetic pathways for the conversion of MOFs into porous, highly active NRR electrocatalysts, with tuned chemical composition, electronic, and catalytic properties, (2) design pristine MOF-based ion-gating layers to precisely regulate the flux of protons toward the underlying catalytically-active site, and thus suppress the competing HER process and boost NH3 faradaic efficiency, (3) combine the two previous strategies to construct and analyze a full NRR system for simultaneous activity and selectivity enhancement. This proposal is highly multidisciplinary, combining materials science, electrocatalysis and photo-electrochemistry. It has the potential to significantly accelerate the development of applications in renewable-energy, e.g. solar cells, light-emitting diodes, heterogeneous catalysts, batteries, water electrolyzers, fuel cells, and sensing devices.

Keywords: metal organic frameworks mofs,electrochemistry,permselectivity,proton coupled electron transfer,solar fuels
Rethinking Widowhood: Women, Loss, and Liberation in Nineteenth-Century Musical Culture (REWID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Ireland,United States
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-03-01
End date: 2024-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 257561.28
EU funding (EUR): 257561.28
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Whereas past histories of European music have been presented largely in terms of an all-male endeavour, this interdisciplinary project will take the lived experiences of widows as an impetus for developing a new kind of historiography, framed in terms of the history of emotions, that restores women’s individual agency and artistic integrity to the music-historical record. The research will introduce a paradigm shift to gender studies in musicology in two particular respects: first, by rethinking the ways in which widowhood proved to be a catalyst for creative endeavour that was a product both of loss and of a sense of liberation; and secondly, by engaging with widowhood as a lens through which to reconsider the contributions of women who have been overlooked in the dominant narratives of music history. In doing so, the project will address major European policy objectives, particularly those recommended by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 10, to promote gender equality and to reduce social inequalities in all aspects of society.

Keywords: music,widowhood,emotion,and gender