Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Managing diversity in the EU: The cultural open method of coordination revisited (OPENCULT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-10
End date: 2016-09-25
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183469.8
EU funding (EUR): 183469.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

OPENCULT focuses on the use of the open method of coordination (OMC) as one of the new cultural policy tools employed by the EU in the wake of the European Agenda for Culture in a Globalizing World (COM(2007) 242). The project will study the configuration of the cultural OMC, the institutional structures and policy objectives that define it, and the complex array of policy processes and instruments that it involves. It will explore whether the cultural OMC has led to the development of more culture-sensitive policies at the national level, and will examine its effects on the formation and evolution of the EU cultural policy as well. The central assumption of OPENCULT is that besides being perceived as a motor to rejuvenate Member States’ cultural cooperation, the cultural OMC has also been instituted as a means to revamp EU cultural action and steer the development of EU cultural policy. Adopting a comparative, multi-disciplinary approach, OPENCULT will probe into analytical perspectives that seek to conceptualise and explain the dynamics of national and EU cultural policy-making in the light of the cultural OMC, and will empirically explore the effects of the cultural OMC on the formulation of Member States’ cultural policies and EU cultural activity. The project will make a significant contribution to cultural policy development by advancing knowledge on how cultural diversity can be safeguarded in Europe. It will thus be of particular interest to state and European policy makers, civil society and the public at large. Also, it will make a precious contribution to the career development of the fellow that will carry out the research proposed and will strengthen the attractiveness of the European Research Area a) by bringing for the first time culture and cultural diversity into theoretical inquiries about the OMC; and b) by advancing knowledge on the institutional and policy arrangements that can help protect and promote cultural diversity in Europe.

Keywords: s112 global and transnational governance,eu law,cultural diversity,open method of coordination,national cultural policies,eu cultural policy,cultural mainstreaming
Structural joints for building frames of pultruded fibre reinforced polymers (PFRPSTRUJOIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Project PFRPStruJoin shall conduct advanced, transformative and timely research for the preparation of scientifically founded design guidelines for mechanically fastened connections and joints in (building) frames of pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite materials, as well as training in high-level skill acquisition. The major scientific accomplishments to be made are: 1. new contributions to knowledge and understanding of FRP structural materials by using analytical methodologies based on advanced finite element analyses, that, for (safety critical) connections and joints, reliably simulate the initiation and progression of damage, at a level of refinement not yet attained. 2. to link predicted joint behaviour to the response of frames for minimum weight designs. 3. to prepare benchmarked and verified design information to enable clients and designers to adopt structural FRP composites more cost-effectively and appropriately in building construction. The principal long-term socio-economic objectives are: 1. to promote a sustainable and resilient built environment within the European policy to reduce CO2 emissions and support a healthier and better environment that provides well-being to the society. 2. to protect the FRP industry by means of standards and codes of practice in order to enable growth in civil engineering and construction, which are mass-production markets. On completion, the programme of work shall add value to the strategy of the European committee CEN/TC250 to prepare a structural Eurocode, by way of research, for the construction material of FRPs. It will furthermore contribute to the structural and technological change in the framework of the Europe 2020 Strategy and its flagship initiatives on (i) a “Resource Efficient Europe” towards a low carbon or green economy to achieve sustainable growth and (ii) “Innovation Union” under the action “Delivering the ERA” by promoting mobility of a researcher in Europe and knowledge transfer.

Keywords: g303 civil engineering - maritime/hydraulic engineering - geotechnics - waste treatment,g304 computational engineering,advanced frp composites,sustainable and resilient building construction
The role of the behavioural interactions between fish and fishers on fisheries sustainability (FISH&FISHERS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Overexploitation of world’s largest fisheries has been ascribed to a poor understanding of the dynamics of fishers. However, disentangling the basis of fisher behaviour is not trivial and demands sophisticated social-ecological approaches. Because fishing can be considered analogous to conventional predator-prey systems, the spatial interactions between fish and fishers affect many ecological processes. With the latest developments in biotelemetry, ecologists have gained new skills and opportunities to accurately analyse movement at highly detailed spatial scales. In this project, we plan to use a multidisciplinary approach, including biology, physics and human-dimensions analyses, to simultaneously analyse the spatial behaviour of fish and fishers to assess the dynamics of fisher searches. Accurate, high-quality geo-referenced data will be simultaneously extracted from the field through novel data-acquisition methods and statistical approaches. These data will allow us to re-evaluate the theories of optimal foraging and extend the approach to the most recent variants of these theories by including a stochastic component to the search process. We will also evaluate socially related elements by testing different competition processes that could explain the observed sub-optimal searches performed by fishers in many fisheries. The robustness and predictive capacity of our approach will allow us to obtain an accurate and a compressive description of fisher behaviour dynamics. These results may help improve fishing mortality estimations and therefore fisheries management that could be generalised to worldwide fisheries. Moreover, the approach adopted here will allow us to demonstrate how the variability on human behaviour can be the driver of human-induced selection on the behavioural traits of fish. The results of this project can be directly linked to better protect marine ecosystems, preserve biodiversity and contribute to the sustainable development of fisheries.

Keywords: v201 natural resources exploration and exploitation,v305 ecology,v301 animal behaviour,v306 environmental and marine biology,v402 aquaculture - fisheries
Symmetry Investigations in Flavour Theories (SIFT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 309235.2
EU funding (EUR): 309235.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Flavour remains a deep puzzle in elementary particles. The Standard Model (SM) describes most data - but observations and theoretical reasons guarantee there is physics beyond. Why 3 generations in each family, and masses spanning over 10 orders of magnitude? Why is the mixing of quarks and leptons so different? Flavour puzzles go beyond the SM, with extensions like supersymmetry constrained to very specific flavour structures. These strongly imply underlying physics addressing flavour. Symmetries are extremely important in elementary particles. Unsurprisingly they are promising to understand flavour. Family symmetries relate generations, and can explain flavour in the SM and in extensions. Experimental effort is led by the LHC, recently discovering a particle likely to be the Higgs boson, searching for supersymmetry and probing flavour in LHCb. Increasingly precise neutrino experiments Daya Bay and RENO observed the 3rd mixing angle. Dedicated experiments probe rare processes such as neutrinoless beta decay or muon conversion. Cosmological observations test dark matter (likely to be an unobserved particle), the matter asymmetry of the Universe quantitatively requires a mechanism linked to new physics (such as leptogenesis) and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is sensitive to SM modifications. In association with the experimental effort, theory is fundamental: to guide searches and to understand results. This proposal seeks the fundamental Theory of Flavour - possibly an ambitious supersymmetric unified theory with a family symmetry. It is fundamental to thrive on the abundance of data to guide theory in an integrated interdisciplinary way. Taking a broader view of flavour topics may lead to high impact breakthroughs from new approaches. Overall the project is expected to significantly expand the research profile of the fellow and increase the total impact of his contributions, therefore fully consolidating him to a level of full professional maturity.

Keywords: p101 fundamental interactions and fields,p102 particle physics,flavour,symmetries,beyond standard model,cosmology
Cortical Mechanisms of Exploratory Learning (CORMEL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In daily life, the trade-off between exploration of alternative opportunities and exploitation of the benefits of the choice at hand is encountered often. While the ability of mammals to switch to explorative courses of action has been extensively studied in machine learning and ethology fields, much less attention in neuroscience has been given to understanding how the brain mediates such decisions in humans. To date, no mechanism has been put forward. The proposed project seeks to understand how communication among neural regions gives rise to switches to explorative behavior, or decisions to take alternative choices about which the reward probabilities are uncertain, during a learning task. The project will use transcranial direct current stimulation to test specific hypotheses about the interactions among cortical regions and their effects on exploratory behavior. Behavior will be modeled using a Bayesian learning algorithm and neural activity before and after stimulation will be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The mechanistic relationships among neural regions and behavior will be examined using dynamic causal modeling , a technique that was developed at the host institution. The results of the project will sketch out a mechanistic model of explorative decision making at the neural systems level. Understanding how brain regions causally interact during exploration will narrow a critical gap in basic neuroscientific knowledge of exploration and exploit. Our approach may also have direct applications to clinical neurology. The temporary inhibition of frontal regions could serve to simulate neuropathological insults resulting in deficits in task switching and stereotyped behaviors. Knowledge gained by studying this model system may then be applied in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: neurosciences,computer science,economics,psychological sciences,learning,exploration/exploitation,brain stimulation,tdcs,fmri,dynamic causal modeling
HUMAN TRANSITIONAL PATHWAYS TOWARDS FOOD PRODUCTION IN NORTH AFRICA: TECHNOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNATURES (AGRINA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The origin of food production is a key theme in North African pre-/protohistory. In recent years the orthodox model, that domestic plants and animals were introduced by maritime Neolithic colonists from the Near East, has been challenged, and a component of autonomous development independent of the Near East acknowledged. However, there remains considerable uncertainty about the nature and extent of, and interplay between, internal and external dynamics in the beginnings of food production across North Africa. Although it is commonly accepted that domestic plants and animals from the Near East (wheat, barley, cattle, sheep/goats) were introduced into North Africa in the Early and Middle Holocene (c.9000-4000 cal. BC), a period of profound climate change, when and how these migrations occurred remain extremely uncertain. The aim of the proposed project is to a make a significant contribution to resolving this uncertainty through innovative methodologies in artefact analysis. The project will focus on three case study areas, to investigate and compare forager-farmer interactions and processes of Neolithization in contrasting ecosystems: Mediterranean (Gebel Akhdar), arid (Egyptian Western Desert) and lacustrine (Fayum). It will take advantage of current fieldwork programmes by European teams collecting high quality palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental data essential for understanding human group activities in this period of significant climate change. It will investigate the chronology and location of the first appearance of the Levantine domesticates in North Africa, their subsequent spread and the cultural interactions involved in these processes, through a multidisciplinary approach based on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry dating of domesticated botanical and zoological material, functional and geochemical analyses on stone tools, and Geographical Information System analysis. Intensive training will be provided in the last two of these methodologies.

Keywords: s401 archaeology - archaeometry - landscape archaeology,s402 prehistory and protohistory,s412 cultural heritage
The African connection and post-war design principles in architecture: the intellectual bridge to Europe and the USA (AFROBRIDGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261627.6
EU funding (EUR): 261627.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project, developed in connection with the IUAV University of Architecture of Venice (Italy) and the School of Arts and Sciences of the University of Pennsylvania (USA), addresses the interest of modern architects in the traditional architecture of sub-Saharan Africa after World War II and the imprint of African architecture on Western architecture. With a holistic approach and the use of newly declassified documents, the research will shed light on the spread of the design principles of sub-Saharan architecture among the members of the “Philadelphia school” and Europeans of the same generation. The research is linked with a multiplicity of historical and cultural problems, which will be taken into account: the crisis of the ideology of progress suffered after the Great Depression; the questioning of Western culture during World War II; the out-of-datedness of the "Charter of Athens" of 1933; the new interest of the Modern Movement toward nature and landscape; the search for new design principles for the "human habitat"; the increasing interest in traditional African architecture (e.g. Dogon and Mofou) and the aporias that leads to the discovery of "otherness". The particular contribution of the project is to bring together aspects that are usually addressed separately: the different national scenarios, whose connections and mutual influence will be investigated; the two Western architectural realities, which have been researched mostly in separate ways by scholars of the corresponding nationalities; traditional African architectural production. The project will be conducted by combining architectural history, architectural design science, and anthropology, through the analysis of case studies and indicators. The results will be the first comprehensive book and on-line platform on this topic, and an important contribution to the scholarship on the Western contact with traditional African architecture and the African imprint on Europe and America.

Keywords: architectural design,history of art and architecture,environment and sustainability,landscape and urban planning,history,human-social geography,anthropology,cultural diversity
The statistical physics of network formation games (STATPHYSNETFORMGAME)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-11-08
End date: 2015-11-07
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184411.2
EU funding (EUR): 184411.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Modelling complex networks (e.g. the Internet or social networks) has in the past few years been a central topic in statistical physics. However, the role of game theory for network formation is still not sufficiently appreciated by physicists. Here I propose to develop a model, called the "local network connection game", which is inspired by the manner in which decisions are taken by agents in real social, economic and communication networks. In this game, the players' strategies and the network that results from their decisions co-evolve. The players are nodes in a network who must strategically establish links to other nodes. Each player has to find a trade-off between the cost of building links and the benefit of being connected to other players. A social dilemma arises because it is in every players interest to withhold any own investment and instead exploit the willingness of others who pay for creating connections. This fellowship will allow me to collaborate closely with experts in statistical physics who have applied evolutionary theory to games with social dilemmas (e.g. the prisoner's dilemma). As I plan to make game theory a central topic on my research agenda, this training will strengthen my position as independent researcher as intended by the fellowship's work programme. Specifically, I will perform Monte Carlo simulations of the iterated network connection game, where players are boundedly rational (i.e. they attempt to improve their payoff, but sometimes fail to find the exact optimum strategy). A temperature-like parameter will allow me to tune the degree of rationality. I will characterise stationary and metastable networks in terms of the "price of anarchy" (i.e. the ratio of the social cost in the equilibrium to the smallest possible social cost). I will analyse the dynamics of the game which exhibits long phases of quiescence interspersed by intense short-term activity, reminiscent of the bursty behaviour observed in real man-made networks.

Keywords: statistical physics,complex networks,network formation,evolutionary game theory,monte carlo simulation,co-evolving strategies,social dilemma,bounded rationality,price of anarchy
Multi-Modal Functional Fingerprint of the Human Brain. Application in ADHD (BRAIN FINGERPRINT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183469.8
EU funding (EUR): 183469.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) community is shifting its interest from localizing functions to capturing functional brain networks. To investigate the functional network architecture of the brain neuroimagers are studying the brain’s spontaneous activity using resting state FMRI (R-FMRI). Both ease-of-use and the distributed nature of the network readouts are contributing to the popularity of R-FMRI for studying clinical populations. Studies increasingly report aberrant functional connectivity within and between specific networks of interest, but with a vast variety of metrics. Such scattered diagnostic findings rarely translate into clinically useful biomarkers. By contrast, I expect that providing an integrated assessment of the brain’s functional architecture will extend our ability to stratify participants beyond diagnostic categories. Increasing our understanding of clinically relevant subtypes, we ultimately create possibilities for tailored treatment protocols. Therefore, this proposal aims to construct a functional fingerprint of the brain that is sensitive to subtle variations, inclusive in what it captures, specific when distinguishing subgroups, and well validated for clinical use. Specifically, I will construct functional fingerprints that capture the richness of functional connectivity interactions between brain regions, augmented with a behavioral profile and informed by brain structure. I will test the ability of the functional fingerprint to stratify a population into subgroups using a large ADHD-related cohort available at the host institution. Finally, I will cross-validate the functional fingerprints in two independent datasets. My proposal aims to devise integrative methods that yield results that are interpretable in a clinical setting. My R-FMRI expertise and the host institutions expertise in data-driven FMRI methodology and ADHD pathophysiology provide excellent grounds for successful completion of the objectives.

Keywords: l510 neuroimaging and computational neuroscience,functional connectivity,r-fmri,network interaction,multimodal,clinical,adhd,child psychiatry,population stratification,disease subtypes