Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Algebraic groups at the heart of post-quantum cryptography (AGATHA CRYPTY)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer Science and Informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2023-STG, 2023)
Start date: 2024-01-01
End date: 2028-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1448540.0
EU funding (EUR): 1448540.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Contemporary public-key cryptography builds its foundations on a handful of computational problems rooted in arithmetic and geometry. The vast majority of deployed cryptosystems rely on two classical problems (computing discrete logarithms, and factoring integers) that would not resist a large-scale quantum computer. Research on quantum technology is accelerating, endangering the world's information systems. New foundations are being proposed by the cryptologic community, promising post-quantum security, but suffering in many aspects from the lack of adequate scrutiny. Emerging post-quantum candidates can be naturally embedded into rich and modern mathematical theories. It is the case of lattice-based and isogeny-based cryptography, which share surprising connections once recast in the world of algebraic groups. Algebraic groups are at the forefront of modern mathematics. Their study across the past century has blossomed with the development of powerful theories, such as representation theory and automorphic forms. Yet, the dialogue between arithmeticians and cryptologists has been sparse, and the link between algebraic groups and the objects of post-quantum cryptography has been mostly anecdotal. This project brings this connection to the forefront, observing that the theory of algebraic groups shines a powerful light on problems raised by lattice-based and isogeny-based cryptography. It has the unique ability to turn the set of all instances of a computational problem into one meaningful object in itself — a 'moduli space' — with an arithmetic structure, a geometry, a topology, a harmonic theory. Exposing these problems to the powerful artillery of modern arithmetic will lead to cryptanalytic breakthroughs, security proofs, and the construction of cutting-edge cryptosystems.

Keywords: post quantum cryptography,computational number theory
Carbon Negative Biofuels from Organic Waste (CARBIOW)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Climate, Energy and Mobility
Theme: Energy
Destination: Sustainable, secure and competitive energy supply
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Belgium,Norway,Netherlands,Slovenia,Finland,Sweden
Call: Carbon-negative sustainable biofuel production (HORIZON-CL5-2021-D3-03, 2021)
Start date: 2022-10-01
End date: 2026-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4850123.75
EU funding (EUR): 4850123.75
Participants: 12
Project status: SIGNED

CARBIOW project addresses green transition and circular economy by proposing novel technologies that cover the whole process of conversion of organic waste to biofuels. On one hand, hard-to-utilize organic waste such as organic fraction of municipal solid waste and residues from biorefinery and biological processes are utilized to highlight a new bioenergy source. On the other hand, new technologies will be developed from TRL 2 to 5. The proposed technologies via CARBIOW enable Europe to take the lead and advancement in several fields of energy generation and energy sector decarbonization. Moreover, energy security, economical boost, local energy independenc,e and job creation are addressed. Torrefaction as an emerging technology converts the very heterogeneous and wet organic waste to a high-quality solid biofuel. Besides, torgas will be combusted with oxygen to generate energy for torrefaction, and to obtain nearly pure CO2. A novel technology i.e., oxygen-blown gasification in oxygen carrier aided systems will convert the torrefied organic waste to clean syngas with very high efficiency in terms of energy and yield. The syngas will be used in the Fischer-Tropsch process with a novel reactor and novel 3D printed catalysts aiming to produce aviation (kerosene) and marine (alcohols) biofuels. The CO2 from the oxy-conversion steps will be fixed in the resulting ashes from the same process via carbonization to make cement-based product. So, CARBIOW addresses another goal that is the decarbonization of cement industry, while making the biofuels to be carbon negative. The diversity and strength of the experts within the consortium of CARBIOW will guarantee the technological, technical, and societal advancement of what is proposed, most importantly, the exploitation and perspective of the whole process will be evaluated by the leaders and industrial sites to pledge the feasibility of the scale-up and further development of the proposed process.

Keywords: municipal solid waste,organic waste,oxy combustion,oxygen blown gasification,fluidized bed,torrefaction,cement,co2 fixation,biofuels,aviation fuel,alcohols,fischer tropsch,alkali ash
The Ionising Flux of Very Massive Stars (ION-FLUX)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe Sciences
Panel description: Astro -physics/ -chemistry/ -biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANTS (ERC-2024-ADG, 2024)
Start date: 2026-02-01
End date: 2031-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1954500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1954500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Now that JWST has been launched, the Early Universe is finally opening up. What has already transpired is that we do not understand star formation at high redshift. Furthermore, with the emergence of gravitational waves, surprisingly heavy black holes have been revealed, even in previous "forbidden" mass zones. What is crucial to make progress is a massive-star framework that works Locally and can be applied to the distant Universe -- allowing to test my hypothesis that very massive stars (VMS) re-ionised it. Today, such a framework does not exist. One of the reasons is that historically observations of massive stars have been rare, but with the emergence of large spectroscopic datasets, such as XShootU (PI: Vink), the physics dominating massive stars can finally be revealed. Moreover, I have recently made theoretical breakthroughs in wind mass loss (that sets the ionising flux), as well as a wind envelope interaction mechanism underlying luminous blue variables and supernova progenitors. In ION-FLUX, I propose a fundamentally new approach that combines my unique expertise in observations as well as stellar evolutionary, atmospheric, and wind theory. We have now implemented my mass-loss kink to evolutionary models, revealing that VMS do not evolve horizontally in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram as canonical OB-type stars do, but vertically. Moreover, VMS are shown to completely "evaporate" owing to their strong metallicity-dependent winds, providing a preference for black-hole formation over pair instability supernovae, at least Locally. In parallel, Helium II emission from these VMS has now been included in population synthesis models, confirming that it is the VMS that are the likely culprits for this puzzling emission in star-forming galaxies. My innovative approach of forward - backwards modelling -- simultaneously benchmarking my models to new spectroscopic survey data -will culminate in a framework that correctly links star formation Near and Far.

Keywords: massive stars,stellar winds,mass loss,stellar evolution,reionisation,black holes,supernovae
Scalable Platform for Innovations on Real-time Immersive Telepresence (SPIRIT)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Digital, Industry and Space
Theme: Digital
Destination: A human-centred and ethical development of digital and industrial technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Belgium,Germany,Austria,Switzerland,United Kingdom
Call: eXtended Collaborative Telepresence (IA) (HORIZON-CL4-2021-HUMAN-01, 2021)
Start date: 2022-10-01
End date: 2025-12-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 6550608.0
EU funding (EUR): 6097399.5
Participants: 11
Project status: SIGNED

Immersive telepresence technologies will have game-changing impacts on interactions amongst individuals or with non-human objects (e.g. machines), in cyberspace with blurred boundaries between the virtual and physical world. The impacts of this technology are expected to range in a variety of vertical sectors, including education and training, entertainment, healthcare, manufacturing industry, etc. The key challenges include limitations of both the application platform and the underlying network support to achieve seamless presentation, processing and delivery of immersive telepresence content at a large scale. Innovative design, rigorous validation and testing exercises aim to fulfil the key technical requirements identified such as low-latency communication, high bandwidth demand, and complex content encoding/rendering tasks in real-time. The industry-leading SPIRIT consortium will build on the existing TRL4 application platforms and network infrastructures developed by the project partners, aiming to address key technical challenges and further develop all major aspects of telepresence technologies to achieve targeted TRL7. The SPIRIT Project will focus its innovations in network-layer, transport-layer, application/content-layer techniques, as well as security and privacy mechanisms to facilitate the large-scale operation of telepresence applications. The project team will develop a fully distributed, interconnected testing infrastructure across two geographical sites in Germany and UK, allowing large-scale testing of heterogeneous telepresence applications in real-life Internet environments. The network infrastructure will host two mainstream application environments based on WebRTC and low-latency DASH. In addition to the project-designated use case scenarios, the project team will test a variety of additional use cases covering heterogeneous vertical sectors through FSTP participation.

Keywords: immersive,augmented reality,real time immersive telepresence,network systems,testbeds,4g 5g,wifi and fixed broadband connection,volumetric content
Understanding the potential of modulating Host-Microbiome-Glycan interactions (“the triangle of sweetness”) to tackle non-communicable diseases (InteractHoMiG)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Innovative Europe
Programme: The European Innovation Council (EIC)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Challenges
Action type: EIC actions
Countries involved: Netherlands,Belgium
Call: EIC Pathfinder Challenge: Precision Nutrition (HORIZON-EIC-2023-PATHFINDERCHALLENGES-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-09-01
End date: 2028-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3920718.75
EU funding (EUR): 3920718.75
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Glycans, namely human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), play crucial roles in the functions of the gut, metabolism, and immunity. While HMOs are vital in infant development and exhibit bioactive properties in adults, it is required to analyze and decode their functions in depth. The current joint project by Inbiose and Utrecht University aims to identify >5 novel glycosyltransferase enzymes, produce >14 previously inaccessible HMOs, test glycan-microbe interactions in an ex vivo simulated gut microenvironment (SiFR® technology), decode direct and indirect effects of HMOs on the gut barrier in an in vitro cell model, and integrate the host-microbe-glycan interplay (“the triangle of sweetness”) in a human-microbial crosstalk (HuMiX) model. Thanks to powerful statistical methods, machine learning, and natural language processing techniques, we envision a thorough understanding about glycan structure-function relationship and predict their potential applications with stratifications based on gender, diet, and health conditions. We expect to validate at least one HMO alleviating impact of inflammation under two diets that is ready for a clinical trial. Cutting-edge Omics methods and data analysis pipelines will allow us to understand better the host-microbe-glycan triangle, and will provide both a wealth of research data and an expanded range of HMOs as research tools and potential therapeutics and/or preventives in human non-communicable diseases and food-related health conditions. Our unique consortium capacities and a wealth of experience in glycoengineering, biosynthesis, bioinformatics, and noncommunicable chronic disease targeting will enable us to achieve the project goals. The project will create additional opportunities for Inbiose and UU in the further exploration and commercialisation of HMOs. We fully expect InteractHoMiG to be a milestone project for glycobiology research and prebiotic/probiotic/postbiotic/synbiotic R&D within the EU and worldwide.

Keywords: precision glycans,host microbe interaction,microbiome,hmos,humix,barrier function,machine learning,natural language processing
Enabling Trustworthy European Data Spaces through Self-Sovereign Identity and Privacy Preserving Technologies (TrustED)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Civil Security for Society
Theme: Civil Security for Society
Destination: Increased Cybersecurity
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Germany,Portugal,Türkiye
Call: Privacy-preserving and identity management technologies (HORIZON-CL3-2023-CS-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-10-01
End date: 2027-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4547470.59
EU funding (EUR): 3961193.85
Participants: 10
Project status: SIGNED

Data-driven innovation will bring enormous benefits for citizens, affecting all sectors of activity and the daily lives of all Europeans. It will enable, for example, AI-driven services to find causes for diseases or share attributes of individuals’ identity to quickly participate, for instance, in social or education activities across Europe. However, identity compromises, leakages or abuses of this kind of data pose serious threats that may compromise the proliferation of data spaces involving personal data, and reduce the opportunities offered by the data economy. The goal of the TrustED project is to design and develop a robust self-sovereign identity management method with advanced features as well as a set of combined privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) to enable TWO highly scalable and reliable services on personal data within data spaces with privacy guarantees that exceed the requirements of the GDPR, eIDASv2 and EUDI wallet: (1) A trustworthy federated learning service combined with several PETs that will allow AI-powered studies of siloed datasets with privacy guarantees. (2) A scalable and reliable self sovereign identity management service combined with methods for AI-based document validation, multimodal biometrics and ZKP-based selective disclosure techniques, that will enable electronic attestation, revocation of credentials and sharing of specific attributes of identity in a privacy preserving way. The components will be piloted, demonstrated and validated in a minimum viable data space that follows the implementations and deployments defined under the EDC Framework, which is powered by the specifications of the Gaia-X AISBL Trust Framework and the IDSA Data space protocol. The consortium is composed of 10 interdisciplinary partners: 2 Research Organizations, 3 SMEs, 2 Large Entities, 2 NGOs and 1 Clinical partner with extensive experience and expertise to guarantee the correct performance of the activities and the achievement of the results.

Keywords: self sovereign identity,federated learning,secure multiparty computation,trusted execution environment,differential privacy,homomorphic encryption,gdpr,data spaces,eidas
Plasmon-Enhanced Nanochannels for Protein Isoforms Tracking and Identification (Plas-ID)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Israel
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2023 (HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-05-01
End date: 2026-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 263854.63
EU funding (EUR): 184698.24
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Single-molecule protein sensing and sequencing technologies are emerging on the horizon as new powerful tools, which ultimate goal is the characterization of the proteome, namely the total set of proteins made by a cell or organism. Despite recent advances, challenges in terms of full-length reads, high throughput and intrinsic complexity related to the larger set of building blocks (i.e. 20 amino acids) still remain. Furthermore, the unambiguous identification of proteins at low concentration is an open issue for conventional techniques, such as Mass Spectroscopy and ELISA. I aim to develop a plasmon-enhanced single-molecule sensing device to track and identify proteins, combining a dual-color amino-acid-specific technique to label the proteins and the enhancement to the fluorescence provided by properly-designed plasmonic nanostructures integrated within a nanochannel-based device. The plasmonic nanochannel is filled with a custom-made gel to slow down the motion of proteins and separate them by their molecular mass during the electrophoretic migration, meanwhile plasmonic nanostructures enhance the fluorescence signals acquired from each individual dual-color labelled protein. I will focus on the optimization of the device and testing its capabilities for the discrimination of clinically-relevant isoforms of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFa) family. I will tackle the challenge of isoforms identification even further, by using the device to discriminate between VEGFa and VEGFb, which differ for only six amino acids at the C termini. Results from this work will provide a technique for the identification and quantification of protein isoforms with single-molecule resolution. Potentially, the use of this diagnostic tool will provide new insight into the role of VEGF isoforms and their up/down regulation into several diseases and in turns, also new avenues for targeted therapeutics.

Keywords: single molecule sensing,protein identification,plasmonic nanostructures,dual color labeling,nanochannels
Predicting Apoptosis Engagement Downstream of Caspases in vivo (PrApEDoC)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and R egeneration
Panel description: For all organisms : Structure and function of the cell, cell -cell communication, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, growth, development, evolution of development, organoids, stem cells, regeneration, therapeutic approaches
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2022-COG, 2022)
Start date: 2023-09-01
End date: 2028-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999625.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999625.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Epithelial cell death is widespread during development and tissue homeostasis. While the core pathway of apoptosis is well known, we lack predictive power to understand when and where a specific cell will die in a tissue. Yet, this should have important consequences for clone selection and tissue homeostasis, as exemplified by the process of cell competition. This context dependent cell elimination is essential for tissue homeostasis and tumour progression, but we know very little about its prevalence during normal development. Recent works have characterised multiple non-apoptotic functions of effector caspases and a high frequency of cells undergoing transient caspase activation without death. Yet, what distinguishes a dying from a surviving cell downstream of effector caspase activation is completely unknown. Using quantitative live imaging of effector caspase sensors and caspase activity tuning by optogenetics in the Drosophila pupal notum (a single layer epithelium), we found that cells engage in apoptosis at very variable levels of effector caspase activity. This suggested that the engagement in apoptosis can be developmentally modulated downstream of the most terminal caspase activation and that a completely new layer of regulation of cell death could have important physiological roles. Here, we propose to combine quantitative live imaging, multivariate model, supervised machine learning and quantitative perturbations through optogenetics to define parameters predictive of the engagement in apoptosis downstream of caspase activation. We will then use spatial omics combined with an optogenetic based screening to identify new factors modulating the sensitivity to caspases. Eventually we will unravel the physiological functions of caspase sensitivity modulation by defining a new paradigm of physiological cell competition and clone selection, and characterising its impact on tissue morphogenesis and oncogenic cell elimination.

Keywords: apoptosis,caspases,cell competition,optogenetics,drosophila,epithelium,cell decision,multivariate models,machine learning