Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Global Ecological Custodianship: Innovative International Environmental Law for the Anthropocene (GLEC-LAW)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-01-04
End date: 2020-01-03
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

International environmental law (IEL), with multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) as its main component, has not been able to address the underlying causes that are responsible for the socio-ecological crisis of the Anthropocene and it seems unable to respond to this crisis. By providing the fellow with a sustained opportunity to interrogate IEL’s principal MEAs in the context of the Anthropocene, this project seeks to investigate a) the normative implications of the Anthropocene for law and IEL specifically; b) explain why and to what extent MEAs have contributed, and have been unable to respond to, the Anthropocene’s socio-ecological crisis; and c) to propose a global ecological custodial framework of care (GLEC-Law) to reform these MEAs. Lawyers have been unable to present a comprehensive solution to MEAs' deficiencies and failures, while Anthropocene scientists have been unable to meaningfully translate their insights into the juridical domain. Responding to this knowledge gap, this multi-disciplinary project brings together an experienced researcher and an internationally recognized research group with global expertise to problematize the failures, deficiencies and potential of MEAs in the Anthropocene and to propose reforms of these MEAs. The fellow brings expertise on environmental law, governance and constitutionalism to the host and secondment institutions, including access to global and global South networks, while contributing to establishing the host as a leading multi-disciplinary European center of excellence in law, governance and Anthropocene studies. The fellow will gain methodological and doctrinal training in IEL and Anthropocene related sciences. The project’s scientific importance, operationalised through its 3 work packages and associated scholarly impact and dissemination activities, lies in its original contribution as the first multi-disciplinary study to view MEAs through the lens of the Anthropocene and its associated constructs.

Keywords: anthropocene,sustainability,international environmental law,global ecological custodianship,earth system
The European Landscape Learning Initiative: Past and Future Environments and Energy Regimes shaping Policy Tools (TerraNova)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Germany,Germany,Estonia,Belgium,Romania,Romania,Norway,Sweden,Sweden,Romania,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Denmark,United Kingdom,Portugal,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4082398.2
EU funding (EUR): 4082398.2
Participants: 23
Project status: SIGNED

Terra Nova: The New Learning Initiative between Humanities and Science: Mapping Past Environments and Energy Regimes, Rethinking Human Environment Interaction and Designing Land Management Tools for Policy. This project aims at improving our diachronic long term understanding of landscape histories and land use strategies in Europe in the Holocene and Anthropocene. Previously identified socio-cultural transitions and the effects of natural forcings will be critically assessed in a new intellectual interdisciplinary arena created by the Terra Nova project. Regional and continental syntheses will be used to anchor a new generation of landscape and climate change models which include the effects of past human actions and generate scenarios for landscape management and rewilding. Ultimately this project will contribute to identifying major previous shifts in resource use and energy regimes and provide options for the future transition to a low carbon society. Can we identify a balance between natural and cultural landscapes changing over space and time? Can we establish a natural reference for ‘European landscapes’ to evaluate current and future measures of landscape planning, ecosystem restoration and rewilding? Or are both systems so intertwined that the separation of the human from the natural is complex and scale and time dependant? Some researchers mark the industrial revolution as the start of the Anthropocene, others argue that long ago humans in Europe had a larger influence than natural processes upon the landscape. Notwithstanding these differences, there is consensus that the intensity of management and impacts of land management on natural systems today is unprecedented. This leads on to consideration of themes of sustainability and societal impact upon landscapes in the 21st century. From this perspective knowledge of past energy regimes and landscape interactions are essential components in understanding the present transition to a low carbon society.

Keywords: landscape histories,landscape reconstruction,energy regimes,human environment,interaction,land use,landscape management spatial planning,low carbon society,inter,transdisciplinary approach
Quantitative Financial Risk Network Analysis with Sentiment and Herd Behaviour Measures (QFRNA_SH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2022-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174806.4
EU funding (EUR): 174806.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Sentiment drives the stock market (Shiller, 2000). Over-optimistic and over-pessimistic emotions can lead to great mispricing and excess volatility. The question is no longer whether investor sentiment affects stock prices, but rather how to measure investor sentiment and quantify its effects (Baker and Wurgler, 2007). (1) The proposal firstly plans to improve upon existing measures of investor sentiment by combining financial proxies and textual variables. Then it tries to calibrate the option-pricing model with the investor sentiment measure incorporated to achieve precise pricing. (2) While there has been much work on investor sentiment, there is a lacuna in research that explores sentiment network, in particular the interdependencies of the sentiment indices and their relationship with equity returns. The researcher aims to explore the interconnectedness of sentiment measures among different stocks and identifies which stock plays a crucial role by proposing an innovative semiparametric tail event driven network. (3) The interdependencies and co-movements of investor emotions may lead to herd behaviour in the financial market. One of the difficulties lies in differentiating between a rational reaction to changes in fundamental values and irrational herd behaviour. The proposal aims to detect and interpret the phenomenon considering macroeconomic signals, buy or sell transaction behaviour and investor sentiment. The overall proposal is, therefore, original not just because of employing new investor sentiment measures but for the development of new econometric methods in the first place. Moreover, it potentially contributes to inclusive, innovative and reflective societies in Europe by supporting financial decision-making processes and managing risks for investors and institutions.

Keywords: quantile regression,risk management,network analysis,investor sentiment,herd behaviour,stock markets,text mining,option pricing,behavioural finance
Robots Explore plankton-driven Fluxes in the marine twIlight zoNE (REFINE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2026-09-30
Duration (months): 84.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 3500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The scientific objective of REFINE is to understand and quantify the physical, biological and biogeochemical processes controlling the biological carbon pump, a key component of the oceanic CO2 sequestration. The oceanic twilight zone (TZ), which is located between the depths of 100 and 1000 m and represents 20% of the ocean's volume, is where these processes occur. Yet the TZ is not properly sampled during most ship-based oceanographic cruises and, because of its depths, it escapes satellite remote sensing. Hence the TZ is one of the least known environments on Earth. The functioning of the TZ is highly dependent on the flux of matter and energy coming from the overlying well-lit euphotic zone (EZ). I have developed the REFINE ground-breaking, robotic-based approach to address the physical, biological and biogeochemical linkages between the EZ and the TZ, with special emphasis on the roles of phyto and zooplankton communities. I will implement REFINE through the following four main coordinated actions: • Development of a new generation of multidisciplinary vertically profiling floats, uniquely able to robotically address phyto and zooplankton community composition. • Achievement of ~3 years robotic-based process studies in five oceanic zones, representative of the diversity of biogeochemical conditions and responses to climate change in the global ocean, over a continuum of temporal scales ranging from diel to interannual. • In-depth analysis of the unique REFINE dataset to perform carbon flux budgets within the TZ, and understand the physical and plankton-driven mechanisms involved in the EZ-TZ linkage and their impacts on the resulting fate of organic carbon and fluxes to ocean depths. • Upscaling of regional processes to the global ocean through the use of artificial intelligence methods, in particular by taking advantage of multisource observations from REFINE robots and earth observation satellites.

Keywords: biological carbon pump,oceanic co2 sequestration,robotic observations,remote sensing,phytoplankton
Problem-Shifting between International Environmental Treaty Regimes: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions (ProblemShifting)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-01
End date: 2026-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1495000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1495000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

International environmental treaties (e.g., Paris Agreement) are designed to solve specific environmental problems. Yet their potentially negative impact on environmental issues other than their own is rarely studied. Until now global governance theories have assumed that environmental treaties are inherently ‘green’, and hence, any adverse consequences are conveniently set aside as unintended or inevitable. But is that true? Here I question, do environmental treaties ever pursue their objectives by merely shifting problems to others? If so, when and why? Does such buck-passing create any systemic risk beyond those directly affected? And what might be appropriate responses to ensure our efforts add up to a net positive impact? Environmental problem-shifting, or protecting one part of the environment by damaging another, is a major dilemma arising in global governance. Yet the issue remains under-investigated, requiring an urgent scientific inquiry. PROBLEMSHIFTING will thus examine the causes and consequences of, and provide solutions to, environmental problem-shifting between international environmental treaty regimes. By drawing on my interdisciplinary and multi-method expertise in 'earth system' law and governance, I will (1) identify and explain conditions under which problem-shifting occurs; (2) assess and predict systemic effects of problem-shifting; and (3) offer solutions for optimizing the currently fragmented governance system. The project aims to advance the theoretical debate on the architecture of global governance and its overall effectiveness. The scientific breakthrough will be enabled through methodologically innovative combinations of qualitative and quantitative methods, including process tracing, comparative case studies, network analysis, system dynamics modelling, and multi-stakeholder workshops. Building on the theoretical and empirical foundations, I promise unique insights and valuable advice to markedly improve global governance decisions.

Keywords: global governance,multilateral environmental agreements,international treaty regimes,fragmentation,complexity,polycentricity,problem shifting,regime interaction,systemic risk,overall effectiveness,earth system governance
STARTS Prize - Grand prize of the European Commission honoring innovation in technology, industry and society stimulated by the arts (STARTS Prize)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Austria,Belgium,Netherlands
Call: Boost synergies between artists, creative people and technologists (H2020-ICT-2016-1, 2016)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1036250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1036250.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

Science, technology and arts limn a nexus at which observers have identified extraordinarily high potential for innovation. And innovation is precisely what’s called for if we’re to master the social, ecological and economic challenges that Europe will be facing in the future. The STARTS Prize initiative will focus on the most forward looking collaborations at the crossings of art, science, technology, industry and society, will showcase achievements and encourage further collaborations and will honor the inspiring individuals and teams behind these achievements. Here, art is assigned the role of catalyst that propagates scientific and technological knowledge and skills among the general public and triggers innovative processes. Accordingly, the STARTS Prize is emphasizing, on one hand, artistic works that influence or change the way we look at technology, and, on the other hand, very promising forms of collaboration between the private sector and the world of art and culture. 8 prizewinning projects will be singled out for recognition in both categories and will be awarded each with €20,000. To provide the best possible environment for an international launch of the STARTS prize the project is linked to the PRIX ARS ELECTRONICA, one of the world’s premier awards honoring creativity and innovativeness at the interface of art, technology, science and society. The collaboration with the renowned institutions Ars Electronica, Waag Society and BOZAR allows a fast introduction to the relevant communities on an international scale and provide the necessary expertise. Their large international network assures recruiting the best possible experts to ensure a high quality in the evaluation and selection of the prize winners. The presentation of the awards and the exhibition of the prize winning works at the Ars Electronica Festival, the BOZAR Electronic Art Festival, Waag Society and eight additional major events will foster a high interest and establish reputation for the STARTS prize.
Ground-breaking Research on Employment and Environmental Transitions Ahead (GRETA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-10
End date: 2023-05-19
Duration (months): 16.0
Total project cost (EUR): 131138.56
EU funding (EUR): 131138.56
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to empower the researcher to develop novel knowledge and research skills to deconstruct the trade-off between labour and environmental sustainability, by analysing the implications of labour law with a critical societal problem: the global environmental crisis. This fellowship will develop a systemic and integrated approach to the legal analysis of forefront drivers of change in society, i.e. climate change and the need to promote a Just Transition to a low-carbon economy. By combining a variety of legal approaches and methods, it will contribute to advance and integrate the existing frontier research on labour and environmental sustainability, as well as to breach silos approaches to sustainable development and the correlated transitionary policies and legislations. This project will be implemented with a mix of traditional and innovative training activities (mostly training-through-research) based on individual and cooperative learning between the researcher and the supervisor. Paolo Tomassetti (the researcher) will carry out his fellowship at the Centre de droit social of Aix-Marseille University (the host institution), under the supervision of professor Alexis Bugada (the supervisor), for sixteen months. To ensure the overall quality of the project, in addition to three scientific publications, international conferences and a MOOC summer school, an Advisory Board will be established as a privileged audience of the project results and a multiplier of its dissemination through the scientific community.

Keywords: labour,jobs,environment,just transition,sustainable development,industrial relations,unions,collective bargaining,green economy
The time-course of visual, orthographic, phonological and semantic information during written word processing in skilled deaf readers: evidence from eye movements and ERPs (TIME COURSE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: TERMINATED

Learning to read is a great challenge for deaf children due to their limited access to the sounds andlimited knowledge of the language they learn to read. Deaf adults’illiteracy levels aremuch higher than that of their hearing peers, but some deaf individuals can and do become skilled readers, though in a qualitatively different way than typically observed in hearing readers. New evidence shows that relative to skilled hearing readers (SKH), deaf readers do not activate phonological codes, but activate orthographic codes and show greater use of semantic informationduring word reading. Eye movement data shows that skilled deaf readers (SKD) skip words more often, and refixate words less often than SKHreaders do. In other words, SKDreaders are more efficient at processing words accurately within a single fixation than SKHreaders are, and this may be in part explained by 1) faster processing of visual information, 2) more direct connections between orthography and semantics, or 3) a combination of these two factors. This has been termed the word processing efficiency (WPE) hypothesis and the hypothesis predicts that SKD readers will show earlier activation of orthographic codes, no phonological activation, and thus faster access to semantic codes compared to SKH readers. I will test this hypothesis by investigating and comparing the time-course of word processing in SKDand SKHreaders, by 1) observing participants’ eye movements during reading to determine the earliest point of activation of parafoveal visual, orthographic, phonological, and semantic codes, and 2)assessing the neural underpinnings of the WPE hypothesis with respect to the timing and types of codes with ERP measures. The results will lead to empirically tested solutions for the reading development of deaf children that are not based on how reading develops in children who can hear and will lead to more effective reading instruction for deaf children to increase their functional literacy.

Keywords: deafness,reading skill,word recognition,eye movements