Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Air Transport as Information and Computation (ARCTIC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-03-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1297024.0
EU funding (EUR): 1297024.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Air transport has by and large been studied as a transportation process, in which different elements, e.g. aircraft or passengers, move within the system. While intuitive, this approach entails several drawbacks, including the need for large-scale simulations, the reliance on real data, and the difficulty of extracting macro-scale conclusions from large quantities of micro- scale results. The lack of a better approach is in part responsible for our inability to fully understand delay propagation, one of the most important phenomena in air transport. ARCTIC proposes an ambitious program to change the conceptual framework used to analyse air transport, inspired by the way the brain is studied in neuroscience. It is based on understanding air transport as an information processing system, in which the movement of aircraft is merely a vehicle for information transfer. Airports then become computational units, receiving information from their neighbours through inbound flights under the form of delays; processing it in a potentially non-linear way; and redistributing the result to the system as outbound delays. In this proposal I show how, as already common in neuroscience, such computation can be made explicit by using a combination of information sciences and statistical physics techniques: from the detection of information movements through causality metrics, up to the representation of the resulting transfer structures through complex networks and their topological properties. The approach also entails important challenges, e.g. the definition of appropriate metrics or the translation of the obtained insights into implementable policies. In the main text of the proposal I present a number of preliminary results that point towards a radically new way of thinking about the dynamics of air transport. ARCTIC’s methodology will be used over the next five years to characterize and model delay propagation, as well as to limit its societal and economic impact.

Keywords: complex networks,functional brain networks,air transport,machine learning
Online tool to crowdfund NGO and Charity projects through the booming e-commerce market and beyond! (WIDGET 3.0)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Spain
Call: SME business model innovation (H2020-SMEINST-2-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-02-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 25.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1285005.0
EU funding (EUR): 899503.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

People donating money to NGOs is plunging sharply. This hinders NGOs from carrying out vital humanitarian, developmental and environmental projects. Therefore, Worldcoo has set its goal to revolutionise crowdfunding cooperation in e-commerce and e-banking to reverse this trend and thus have a big, positive social impact. We help NGOs raise crucial funds through offering a “click” tool we developed a Widget to bring NGOs, companies, and e-customers together. Widget2.0 offers a value-added service to all stakeholders: awareness and private donations to NGOs, a modus operandi for auditable and transparent Corporate Social Reasonability (CSR) for e-retailers and e-banking and transparency and unique donor engagement for e-shoppers. Since 2012, we have funded 34 projects that have benefitted the lives of more than over 96.000 direct beneficiaries from money raised. UNICEF also abandoned its technology to use ours, making Worldcoo their online global strategy partner. Our market is geared to e-commerce and e-banking. In 2013, European e-commerce reached €363 billion and B2C e-commerce retailers 645,250 - rising at an annual pace of 15-20%. However, we can currently only cater for 6% of the European e-commerce because our current technology lacks features required by bigger e-retailers and e-banking transactions. Therefore, we strategically and commercially need Widget3.0 to scale up our system by automating current manual processes and increasing the Widget conversion rate by developing Recommender and Motivator modules using Artificial Intelligence techniques. Only then can we access 100% of the e-retailing market, e-banking and beyond: billing, payment systems, and vending solutions. We address the INSO-10-2015 topic needs as social innovation unique to the market. In June 2015 we won Best Social Initiative in a Digital Environment in e-commerce. Let’s tackle societal problems through a new paradigm of transparent CSR, donation giving and engagement.

Keywords: crowdfunding,fundraising,donation,ngos,charity,social economy,e commerce,e banking,e shoppers,engagement,inclusive,transparency,certificate,business model,social innovation,tool
mechanical BEhavior of Fluid-INduced Earthquakes (BEFINE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1982925.0
EU funding (EUR): 1982925.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Fluids play an important role in fault zone and in earthquakes generation. Fluid pressure reduces the normal effective stress, lowering the frictional strength of the fault, potentially triggering earthquake ruptures. Fluid injection induced earthquakes (FIE) are direct evidence of the effect of fluid pressure on the fault strength. In addition, natural earthquake sequences are often associated with high fluid pressures at seismogenic depths. Although simple in theory, the mechanisms that govern the nucleation, propagation and recurrence of FIEs are poorly constrained, and our ability to assess the seismic hazard that is associated with natural and induced events remains limited. This project aims to enhance our knowledge of FIE mechanisms over entire seismic cycles through multidisciplinary approaches, including the following: - Set-up and installation of a new and unique rock friction apparatus that is dedicated to the study of FIEs. - Low strain rate friction experiments (coupled with electrical conductivity measurements) to investigate the influence of fluids on fault creep and earthquake recurrence. - Intermediate strain rate friction experiments to investigate the effect of fluids on fault stability during earthquake nucleation. - High strain rate friction experiments to investigate the effect of fluids on fault weakening during earthquake propagation. - Post-mortem experimental fault analyses with state-of-art microstructural techniques. - The theoretical friction law will be calibrated with friction experiments and faulted rock microstructural observations. These steps will produce fundamental discoveries regarding natural earthquakes and tectonic processes and help scientists understand and eventually manage the occurrence of induced seismicity, an increasingly hot topic in geo-engineering. The sustainable exploitation of geo-resources is a key research and technology challenge at the European scale, with a substantial economical and societal impact.

Keywords: rock mechanics,rock physics
Plight of Pelagic Primary Producers in a Changing Marine Environment (P4)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The P4 fellowship will test the impact of past climate extremes on marine ecosystems using coccolithophores, a group of marine primary producers that experienced first order effects of climate and hydrodynamic changes in ancient pelagic oceans. Here we will use sedimentary materials of exceptional quality drilled during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 361: South African Climates (January-March 2016) from the Mozambique Channel (Site U1476), the Natal Valley (U1474), the Agulhas Plateau (U1475), and Cape Basin (U1479), to reconstruct surface water biotic response during the Mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP; 3.264 to 3.025 Ma), an interval considered to be the closest analogue for future warm climate. For the first-time, recovery of a complete Pliocene/Pleistocene succession in this region offers an unprecedented and timely opportunity to investigate episodes of major ocean and climate reorganizations during the Neogene period. With this, P4 is original and novel, being able to combine biological (assemblage composition), physical (volume and mass estimates) and geochemical (trace elements, stable isotopes) coccolithophore-derived datasets for understanding the climate of the MPWP, and explore its link with the past dynamics of the greater Agulhas Current system. P4 is innovative and collaborative, using state-of-the-art analytical techniques, and in combination with other proxies from ongoing works of other Expedition 361 scientists, offer a broad context for understanding 21st century global climate vulnerabilities. The resulting palaeoclimate datasets, coupled with real-time ecosystem data collection and numerical modelling, will provide a unique ‘test-bed’ for future model inter-comparisons. Furthermore, an exceptional set of training and transferable skills between the Experienced Researcher, the Supervisor, and the Secondment Hosts is envisaged, an important prerequisite for the successful delivery of P4’s ambitious research objectives.

Keywords: coccolithophores,nannofossils,agulhas current,pliocene,expedition 361
Hunger Bonds: Food Banks, Families and the Feeding of Poverty (HUNG)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2021-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the United Kingdom food banks are increasingly required to alleviate hunger and food insecurity. In Greater Manchester (GM) alone, the GM Poverty Alliance mapped 171 emergency food providers. While the renewed interest of social scientists in the topic has produced an abundance of scientific literature, there remains a lack of knowledge on the webs of influence, support, conflict and interdependence between families experiencing food poverty and the emergency food providers. Project HUNG, by embracing a relational approach, focuses on the space of relations occupied by actors and institutions engaged with one another. Thereby, it proposes a relational object of analysis: not food poverty or food banks per se, but rather the interactions and transactions involved in the process of charitable supply and food demand. The project, based on the GM metropolitan county, makes use of quantitative analysis and ethnography of the everyday life to throw light on the "hunger bonds" connecting emergency providers and their users. On the one side, by gathering original survey data on food banks and their users, it provides a descriptive analysis on the determinants of food bank use through a dataset suitable for multilevel modelling (individuals nested in food banks). On the other side, it offers an in-depth ethnography of the daily life of a small sample of families that frequently rely on food banks by shadowing their meal choices for a prolonged period of time. By doing so, HUNG creates twofold added-value for the research community and for policy makers. Scholars interested in food inequalities will have access to a methodological toolkit, that could be used to extend research in other metropolitan domains. Simultaneously, by describing in detail the determinants of food bank use, it will improve the capability of agencies fighting food poverty to influence public policies to end food poverty.

Keywords: food consumption,food banks,poverty,charities,mixed methods
Delivery and On-Demand Activation of Chemically Synthesized and Uniquely Modified Proteins in Living Cells (SynProAtCell)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2025-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

While advanced molecular biology approaches provide insight on the role of proteins in cellular processes, their ability to freely modify proteins and control their functions when desired is limited, hindering the achievement of a detailed understanding of the cellular functions of numerous proteins. At the same time, chemical synthesis of proteins allows for unlimited protein design, enabling the preparation of unique protein analogues that are otherwise difficult or impossible to obtain. However, effective methods to introduce these designed proteins into cells are for the most part limited to simple systems. To monitor proteins cellular functions and fates in real time, and in order to answer currently unanswerable fundamental questions about the cellular roles of proteins, the fields of protein synthesis and cellular protein manipulation must be bridged by significant advances in methods for protein delivery and real-time activation. Here, we propose to develop a general approach for enabling considerably more detailed in-cell study of uniquely modified proteins by preparing proteins having the following features: 1) traceless cell delivery unit(s), 2) an activation unit for on-demand activation of protein function in the cell, and 3) a fluorescence probe for monitoring the state and the fate of the protein. We will adopt this approach to shed light on the processes of ubiquitination and deubiquitination, which are critical cellular signals for many biological processes. We will employ our approach to study 1) the effect of inhibition of deubiquitinases in cancer. 2) Examining effect of phosphorylation on proteasomal degradation and on ubiquitin chain elongation. 3) Examining effect of covalent attachment of a known ligase ligand to a target protein on its degradation Moreover, which could trigger the development of new methods to modify the desired protein in cell by selective chemistries and so rationally promote their degradation.

Keywords: chemical protein synthesis,semi synthesis,protein delivery,ubiquitin delivery
SHARED WORLDS: revealing prehistoric shared worlds along Europe´s Atlantic Façade (SHoW)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project (SHoW) investigates the roles that landscapes, skylines and astronomy played in past peoples' lives in order to determine the cultural relatedness between people along Europe´s Atlantic Façade. Specifically, it investigates the types of visual-scapes people chose for the erection of their megalithic monuments within and across regions, that clearly seem to have some kind of related megalithic tradition, but which is not yet understood. Focusing on the periods of intensive monument building in prehistoric Iberia (c. 4500-2500 B.C.) and Britain (3100-900 B.C.), innovative 3D technology, along with interdisciplinary approaches already brought to bear on past projects by the candidate, will assist in the reconstruction of past visual worlds of the megalith builders of western Galicia and Scotland. These, plus the development and use of new approaches in geospatial techniques, 3D technology, statistical approaches and database management are key for the determination of the roles that landscapes, skylines and astronomy played in past peoples' lives. By investigating the role of the natural world, this project upholds and extends UNESCO’s Astronomy and World Heritage Thematic Initiative, for the project recognises that the way people observed the land and the sky in the past is a repository for people’s perception of their world. Understanding these things opens the way for a new consideration of shared tangible and intangible values in the past. In this way, this MSCA candidate will produce insights into some of the most iconic representations of cultural remembrance in Europe, revealing whether the reasons behind erecting megaliths were the same for people in different regions of Europe´s Atlantic Façade, and if not, what the differences might have been, and why. Ultimately, SHoW will reveal the degree to which the people in these regions possessed shared worlds.

Keywords: landscape archaeology,cultural astronomy,megaliths,gis geographical information systems,iberia,scotland
Quantum Entanglement And Holography (QEAH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-09-01
End date: 2017-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 187866.0
EU funding (EUR): 187866.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Entanglement Entropy and other measures of quantum entanglement have recently given great insights into the physics of both quantum field theories and gravity. In the context of quantum field theories, entanglement entropy emerged as a useful measure of degrees of freedom whereas in gravity it proved as an indispensable tool to constrain gravitational entropy (e.g. Bekenstein Bound, Covariant Entropy bound). For these and other recent achievements, embedding entanglement in holography was crucial because the holographic principle, and its precise realization, the AdS/CFT correspondence, allow one to learn about gravity using quantum field theory and vice-versa. The objective of the current proposal is to investigate and highlight quantum aspects of the AdS/CFT correspondence (such as the emergence of space-time and gravity) by relating entanglement in integrable models to entanglement in quantum field theory and gravity. The arena for the study will mainly be N=4 Super-Yang-Mills (SYM); a super-conformal theory, integrable in the planar limit. The study however will have greater applicability since many non-integrable theories contain integrable sectors. Among questions to be addressed are: What does entanglement entropy of the spin chain computes in the dual CFT? What does it correspond to in gravity? The proposed plan will add significant developments to the rapidly growing field of research on entanglement in holography. On the quantum field theory side, the current proposal will deepen understanding of the quantum dynamics at both weak and strong coupling. Via holography the information obtained will provide further insights on aspects of black hole physics.

Keywords: string theory,entanglement,integrability
Chemical Elements as Tracers of the Evolution of the Cosmos - Infrastructures for Nuclear Astrophysics (ChETEC-INFRA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Theme: Research infrastructures
Destination: Integrating activities and infrastructures
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Israel,Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Italy,Switzerland,Belgium,Hungary,Lithuania,Sweden,Bulgaria,Hungary,Poland,Romania,France,France,Czechia,Denmark,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Integrating Activities for Starting Communities (H2020-INFRAIA-2020-1, 2020)
Start date: 2021-05-01
End date: 2025-04-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4999605.35
EU funding (EUR): 4999605.35
Participants: 32
Project status: SIGNED

Nuclear astrophysics studies the origin of the chemical elements: from the Big Bang, to stellar burning, and to neutron star mergers. ChETEC-INFRA networks the three types of infrastructures that, together, provide the capabilities needed for this quest: astronuclear laboratories supply reaction data, supercomputer facilities perform stellar structure and nucleosynthesis computations, and telescopes and mass spectrometers collect elemental and isotopic abundance data. ChETEC-INFRA will overcome existing barriers to progress: Specifically, we will unify access to nuclear astrophysics research infrastructures using a novel integrated web portal. We will develop improved nuclear reaction targets and detectors, open-source nucleosynthesis software tools, and three-dimensional model atmospheres for stellar spectral analysis based on up to date physics. We will pioneer complementary techniques to address the same science case, and we will link telescopes to nuclear labs and supercomputers. ChETEC-INFRA provides the community with the tools needed to address key questions on solar fusion, neutron capture nucleosynthesis, and explosive stellar processes. In a combined approach designed to facilitate and boost accessibility, synergies and training, the large amount of transnational access provided will enable projects exploiting at least two different types of infrastructures. Within ChETEC-INFRA, data are archived and catalogued for long-term sustainability beyond the end of the project, ranging from evaluated nuclear reaction rates to detailed abundance data for a multitude of stars to tracer nucleosynthesis calculations. ChETEC-INFRA will reach out to PhD students, secondary school students, and to the detector industry. The ChETEC-INFRA community builds on the success of the ChETEC COST Action CA16117 (Chemical Elements as Tracers of the Evolution of the Cosmos). ChETEC-INFRA is networked with the nuclear astrophysics communities in the United States, China, and Japan.

Keywords: nuclear astrophysics