Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Interaction between the Central and Peripheral Exercise-Related Fatigue (ICPEF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162242.4
EU funding (EUR): 162242.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the complex interactions between the fatigue and neuromuscular activation has been under intensive research for more than a century. Nevertheless, it remains one of the most challenging research topics in neurophysiology. The factors influencing the development of fatigue involve both peripheral (muscle) and central (spinal and supraspinal) aspects but their complex interactions are yet to be illuminated. The main objective of the proposed project is to develop and assess the computer-aided computational techniques for extraction of joint information provided by multichannel EMG and EEG before, during and after the fatiguing exercises. This includes: a) the decoding of neural drive to the muscle based on the decomposition of multichannel surface and intramuscular EMG; b) functional analysis of motor cortex based on multichannel EEG; c) coupling of extracted neural drive to the activity of motor cortex; d) a study of influence of peripheral muscle fatigue to exercise performance. The decoding of neural drive to the muscle will be based on state-of-the-art techniques for decomposition of multichannel intramuscular and surface EMG. Functional analysis of motor cortex will be based on multichannel EEG and will include well-defined indices of central fatigue, such as the decrease of EEG-EMG coherence. The main focus will be on the assessment of nonlinear connection between the cortical activity and the neural drive to the muscles. The project is expected to have a high social and economic impact by providing a novel tool for basic and applied research of fatigue in occupational, sports and rehabilitation medicine, ergonomics and space medicine. Other collateral applications include objective assessment of neurorehabilitation effectiveness, training of athletes, and prevention of work-related neuromuscular disorders.

Keywords: natural sciences,electromyography,electroencephalography,exercise-related fatigue,central fatigue,peripheral fatigue
Exploiting Chemical Self-Organisation in Materials Science (ECSOMS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201049.6
EU funding (EUR): 201049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From molecules and cells to whole organisms, self-organising behaviour emerges from the interaction of components. The most beautiful examples of self-organisation occur in biological systems, where the combination of non-equilibrium chemistry and physical processes in confined environments give rise to complex but ordered structures. A current challenge for physical scientists is to mimic biology for the creation of complex patterned materials that might act as functional catalytic surfaces, novel materials or devices for the healthcare industries such as synthetic tissue. The purpose of this project is to develop new technologies for the generation of patterned materials. For the creation of spatial order, a mechanism proposed by Alan Turing in 1952 as a chemical basis for morphogenesis will be exploited. In this seminal work, he demonstrated theoretically how reaction and diffusion combine to create a chemical pre-pattern for the growth of form in biological systems. Now the robust formation of microscale spots, stripes and labyrinth-type patterns has been reported in flow reactors containing gels/membranes. We design novel flow reactors to generate the first Turing patterns on curved surfaces using porous tubes or particles as support. The patterns will trigger polymerisation processes by using, for example, acid concentration patterns coupled with acid catalysed polymerisation to obtain micro-patterned tubes or spheres. Part of the research will also involve developing bio-compatible routes to micropatterned materials by use of enzyme-catalysed reactions. The project is highly interdisciplinary, combining the physical sciences and engineering. It will also provide insight to the role of curvature on biological pattern formation driven by reaction-diffusion mechanisms; an important area of exclusively theoretical research.

Keywords: mathematical physics,differential equations,soft matter and polymer physics,reaction mechanisms ands dynamics,microengineering,enzimology,experimental physics,biomathematics,chaos theory
Disciplining History. Censorship and Historiography in Early Modern Europe (DISHIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166680.8
EU funding (EUR): 166680.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Historical literature has a conspicuous presence at the indices of forbidden and expurgated books of the sixteenth century. However, the study of the ecclesiastical censorship of historiography in Early Modern Europe has been neglected by historians of historiography and historians of book censorship alike, specially if we consider it in comparison to the research devoted so far to the prohibition and expurgation of other genres as, for instance, religious literature and fiction. The main objective of this project is to satisfy this long-felt need and provide a thorough and systematic survey of the ecclesiastical censorship of historical literature in the Early Modern Age. Such a survey means to determine and classify the wide variety of historical works included in the indices, but it also aims at exploring the reasons behind this presence and the effects that the censorship of historical literature had on the conception and development of the discipline. Thus, this study will be focused on the theoretical premises and effective consequences of censoring history, but it will also be concerned about the material and methodological consequences of censorship for the idea and practice of historical scholarship in the sixteenth century. So, the project will approach the formation of the discipline from a new perspective, assuming that censorship of historical literature, that is, the need of suppressing, controlling and shaping historical discourse, may imply a whole set of significant ideas about the ends, effects and power of history as a branch of knowledge. By analyzing historical scholarship from this disregarded point of view, this study may fill a relevant gap too in the history of early modern historiography.

Keywords: humanities,early modern europe,literary censorship,ecclesiastic censorship,historiography,theory of history
Stress and chemical perturbation around mineral inclusions (S-CH PERTURBATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2013-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177601.6
EU funding (EUR): 177601.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed project provide a comprehensive study of the chemical response of a host grain on volumetric changes connected with phase transition of inclusions in ultra-high-pressure rocks. The main goal is to investigate the effects of stress induced diffusion in a solid of uniform composition by means of an integrated approach including combination of conventional petrology methods with material science analytical techniques and numerical approaches. Though the interplay between stress and diffusion has been described in material science, the chemical response on stress induced during the solid phase transition has not been studied in geo-materials so far. The proposed hierarchic structure of observations on a wide range of length scales, from the thin section scale down to the nanometer scale will thus give a new and profound insight into the interplay of the kinetic processes, which control the microstructure and chemical evolution during solid phase transformation. The detailed analysis of these small scale processes in ultra high pressure natural samples will also offer valuable data for modeling larger scale processes in Earth interior. Moreover, as the diffusional relaxation modifies elastic state of the material which affects the mechanical properties of the phase, explicit formulation of relaxation kinetics and mass transport for natural, complex chemical system on small scale will provide insights relevant to problems in material science, ceramic industry as well as to radioactive waste disposal programs.

Keywords: natural sciences,diffusion,volume change,inclusion,high-pressure metamorphism
Jumbled Strings: Theory and Applications (JUSTA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-03
End date: 2011-11-02
Duration (months): 3.0
Total project cost (EUR): 244075.0
EU funding (EUR): 244075.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose to investigate a number of algorithmic problems on jumbled strings, where we refer to a string t as a jumbled version of string s if t's positions can be permuted such that it is transformed into s. In other words, the two strings have the same Parikh vector, where the Parikh vector counts the number of occurrences of each character. For example, the strings AAGACGT and AAACGGT both have Parikh vector (3,1,2,1). All strings with the same Parikh vector build an equivalence class, which we refer to as a 'jumbled string.' We want to develop algorithms and dedicated data structures for searching, storing, comparing, and identifying jumbled strings. Jumbled strings have important applications in bioinformatics, above all in interpretation of mass spectrometry data; but they have also been applied to alignment, pattern discovery in biological strings, or SNP detection. Searching for a jumbled pattern in a text constitutes a special case of approximate string matching, and is thus of particular interest in the pattern matching field. Similar problems regarding unique reconstruction of strings have been investigated in the area of formal languages. The project involves both theoretical and practical parts. Besides searching for asymptotically optimal procedures for different models of the source which generates the text, we will also test on real instances of biological and textual data. We are not only interested in theoretically optimal algorithms but focus on algorithms that work well in practice. Thus, we consider also heuristics and ad hoc methods to enhance the practical implementation of our methods. The project will enable the fellow to greatly enhance her competencies in algorithms development and formal languages, while training in information theory and extremal combinatorics, benefitting from the expertise at the host institution. This will constitute a major step in her career towards a professorship in algorithmic bioinformatics.

Keywords: algorithms and data structures,parikh vectors,permuted strings,string algorithms,search algorithms,bioinformatics,pattern matching,string distance measures,word reconstruction
Forced Trust: Emotional Bonds between People and State in Soviet Russia (1917-1991), A History of Trust and Mistrust (FORCEDTRUST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209592.8
EU funding (EUR): 209592.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Trust is an essential part of individual lives and the workings of modern society. Not only democracies, but also dictatorships like the Soviet state and authoritarian regimes like postwar European socialist societies needed trust as a crucial resource for social integration and stability of political order. But how much trust did a dictatorship need to ensure the regime’s viability? How did the propaganda state produce the trust necessary to legitimate itself? How did the population experience trust and mistrust in the insecurities of everyday life? Answers to those questions are important to understand problems of democratic transition in post-communist countries and to explain how neo-authoritarian systems are produced today. My project, a cultural history of trust and mistrust in Soviet Russia 1917-1991, is the first historical study to illuminate the role of emotions in organizing states and societies. I hypothesize that the Soviet state preserved social cohesion with the paradoxical principle of forced trust: the bureaucratic system’s ineffectiveness made people feel defenseless, compelling them to mistrust official institutions and join networks of forced trust under local patrons with ultimate protection from the head of state. Taking a constructivist approach, I treat trust and mistrust as socially constructed, politically directed feelings. I.e., trust and mistrust changed over time. The language, symbols, rituals and meanings adhering to these emotions reveal that they influenced history and have their own history. Trust and mistrust were moreover products of political communication during which actors struggled for status and resources in networks of forced trust, established hierarchies and regulated processes of inclusion and exclusion. Wide ranging archival and published sources allow reconstruction of intersections between state production, representation and construction of trust and mistrust and individual experience, memory and social practices.

Keywords: russian studies,cultural history,political history,social history,contemporary history,history of emotions
Assessment of the regulatory mechanisms of different protein post-translational modifications by studying their role within a realistic in silico model of the cell. (INTOACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2013-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 162742.4
EU funding (EUR): 162742.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The cell can be seen as an intricate network of molecular relationships that determines its potential activities. The study of the composition of such a complex network including not only the description of their elements but also the structure of their relationships, i.e. its topology, was previously used to extract important elements (e.g. hubs proteins) and to find recurrent circuits that characterize regulatory events (e.g. feedforward loops) using mainly protein-protein interactions networks. However, there are no studies that address these questions in a realistic picture of the cell where not only proteins are present but also other elements involved in cell regulation such as DNA, RNA, chemicals or other metabolites. This project proposes building an in silico model of the cell including all these molecules and their interactions by adding several until now unconnected layers of information to address the topological characterization and comparison of several types of protein post-translational modifications, the major mechanism by which protein function is regulated in eukaryotes. This novel network will be annotated by a novel ontology of actions describing molecular relationships and statistically addressed to evaluate the significance of every interaction. This framework will lead to elucidate specific mechanisms of regulation for each type of post-translational modification and be able to make functional prediction the molecules participating by finding similar motifs in uncharacterized events. Moreover, we will study the conservation of the PTMs residues across species to calibrate the potential of the annotation transfer among species that would lead to novel discoveries also in non-model organisms.

Keywords: computational biology,genomics,proteomics
Nuclear HuR-hnRNP interactions in post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory gene expression (NRNPS & INFLAMMATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 211110.0
EU funding (EUR): 211110.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Inflammation, essential component of the innate immune response, allows multicellular organisms to repair damaged tissue. Excessive inflammation however, can itself exacerbate tissue damage, leading to chronic inflammation-related disease. The expression of crucial mediators of the inflammatory response is tightly regulated at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have shed some light on how cytoplasmic RNA processing events regulate mRNAs encoding inflammation mediators. However, it is unknown how nuclear post-transcriptional events control the expression of such molecules and what the contribution of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in this control is. An RBP that has emerged as a pleiotropic modulator of mRNA function is HuR (Human antigen R) protein. In the cytoplasm, HuR stabilises many mRNAs via interplay with other RBPs. Research from the host laboratory has shown that over-expressed HuR represses translation of specific inflammatory mRNAs and attenuates acute inflammatory reactions, an unexpected role for HuR given its previous characterisation as an mRNA stabiliser. However, the role of HuR in the nucleus, where is most abundant, is still not understood. What is known is that nuclear HuR interacts, in an RNA dependent manner, with certain hnRNPs known to play a role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. However, the role of these nuclear HuR-hnRNP interactions is unclear. The proposed research aims to understand the role of the nuclear HuR-hnRNP complexes in post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory response in mouse macrophages. The Researcher’s expertise in studying ribonucleoprotein interactions in RNA function and processing in vitro will be combined with the Supervisor’s in functional study of post-transcriptional regulators in vivo and ex vivo. We will characterise the nuclear HuR-hnRNP complexes at both protein and RNA levels, and study their biological functions in regulating inflammatory gene expression.

Keywords: functional biology,molecular biology,inflammation,immunity,hur,post-transcriptional control,hnrnp,rna binding proteins,ribonucleoprotein complexes
Cell Wall Biology in Oomycete Pathogenicity (CBOP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 194266.4
EU funding (EUR): 194266.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The cell wall is a dynamic extracellular compartment protecting the cell, providing rigidity, and playing an essential role in the uptake of molecules and signalling. In pathogenic organisms, the cell wall is at the forefront of disease, providing contact between the pathogen and host. Oomycetes are Eukaryotic microbes that superficially resemble fungi, but are genetically dissimilar. They cause many serious diseases, including potato late blight and the devastating fish disease, Saprolegniosis. Diseases such as these are global threats to food security. Understanding pathogenicity in these organisms is therefore crucial. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this research programme seeks to understand the role of the cell wall in oomycete disease, both as a communication centre with the host organism and as a compartment that is continually reshaped and strengthened throughout the lifecycle, to penetrate and colonise the host. Understanding these mechanisms in more detail will pave the way for better control of oomycete diseases. The expected outputs of the project are: 1) An understanding of how the cell wall is synthesised in the crop pathogen Phytophthora infestans and how this may be utilised for the development of new, targeted, control measures. 2) Identification of the roles of individual cell wall biosynthetic enzymes in pathogenicity. 3) An understanding of how changes in the structure of the cell wall contribute to pathogenicity and of the dynamic interactions that occur between components of the cell wall. 4) Publications in high impact journals and presentations at major international meetings. 5) Novel targets for the future development of targeted disease control. 6) The basis of a platform on which the applicant can capitalise her current expertise by acquiring complementary training to build an internationally recognised and highly competitive research group studying cell wall biology in oomycete pathogenicity.

Keywords: oomycete diseases of plants,proteomics,structural biology,molecular biophysics,cytochemistry,phytopathology,glycobiology,genomics,crop protection