Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Targeting the (pre)metastatic lympho-vascular niche: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in melanoma (DLL4-LVN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Tumor metastasis is responsible for >90% of cancer deaths. A tumor type where the mechanisms driving this process are especially unclear is melanoma, the only cancer where apparently thin lesions (2 mm depth) have a high potential for metastatic dissemination. As a PhD student in P. Agostinis lab (KUL, Belgium) I identified a new strategy using the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine (CQ) to blunt melanoma metastasis, by normalizing the angiogenic vasculature via increased blood endothelial cell (BEC) NOTCH signaling. The complete abolishment of metastasis by CQ urged me to study whether another route of metastasis; the lymphatic system and the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN); was also affected. The importance of this route of metastasis is supported by recent evidence showing that even before the arrival of the tumor cells, the lymph endothelial cells (LEC) and immune cells in the SLN undergo dynamic changes that actively facilitate tumor cell recruitment, metastatic outgrowth and immune tolerance. This phenomenon is referred to as the ‘lymphovascular (pre)metastatic niche’. Pending questions are how the cancer cells, LEC and immune cells crosstalk and how to target them pharmacologically. My preliminary data, obtained during a short term EMBO Fellowship in the lab of M. Soengas (CNIO, Spain) show that CQ affects lymphangiogenesis even more than angiogenesis. These effects are due to an unexpected different wiring of the NOTCH pathway in BEC versus LEC. Activated LECs express high levels of the NOTCH ligand DLL4, which is trapped and inactivated in the endosomal compartment by CQ. Genetic interference in LEC revealed that DLL4 not only regulates lymphangiogenesis, but also the production of mediators of cancer cell homing and immune tolerance. In this project I will address the mechanistic role of DLL4 in the establishment of the lymphovascular niche, correlate DLL4 levels with melanoma patient prognosis and target DLL4 pharmacologically to improve therapeutic outcome.

Keywords: metastasis,cancer,melanoma,lymph endothelial cells,dll4,pre metastatic lymphovascular niche,immune tolerance
New issues in the Analysis of Business Cycles (NEW_ABC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1135940.0
EU funding (EUR): 1135940.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The last decade had seen an increasing recognition that financial markets play a key role over the business cycle. Still, there have not been many detailed, systematic, empirical investigations on the consumption, employment and investment effects of the interaction between macroeconomic policies and the evolving structure of credit markets. This proposal aims to develop a research agenda over the next five years that combines insights from disaggregated data sets --which are either newly available or I propose to construct-- on (i) mortgage originations, (ii) the supply of household financial products and (iii) firms’ debt originations, with the development of theoretical frameworks that introduce credit supply and demand heterogeneity in the analyses of consumption and investment decisions. Three features of this proposal make it of potentially high impact. On the empirical side, the analysis of existing and novel detailed households’, firms’ and lenders’ data sets will allow us to identify new stylized facts on the transmission of monetary policy to real activity through financial markets (and leverage and asset prices in particular). On the theoretical side, these stylized facts will be used to develop and discriminate among competing channels of macroeconomic policy transmission. Finally, the regularity highlighted in both the empirical and theoretical analyses will inform the public debate on the design of future monetary and macro-prudential policy interventions.Each project (i)-(iv) describes an overall theme, which is expected to have several ramifications in terms of publishable papers, policy reports and possibly dissertation contents for PhD student(s).

Keywords: monetary policy,mortgage market,household debt,house prices,consumption,investment
In situ 3D structures of viral replication complexes: cryo-electron tomography of enterovirus-infected cells (Entero3D)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173857.2
EU funding (EUR): 173857.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this study is to gain structural insights into the genome replication of human enteroviruses (EVs), specifically Coxsackievirus B3 which is the leading cause of viral myocarditis. EVs drastically reorganize the internal membranes of a cell within hours of infection, generating replication complexes (RCs), which are the sites of viral genome replication. Some molecular determinants of RC morphogenesis have been identified, and resin-embedding EM has indicated the drastic membrane remodeling involved in RC formation. However, such approaches fail to reveal the macromolecular structural organization of RCs in cells. To further our understanding of RC assembly and activity, I propose to use cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to determine 3D structures of enteroviral RCs in infected cells. Human cells will be infected on EM grids and the recently developed cryo-focused ion beam milling technology will be used to make RCs inside infected cells accessible to structural studies using cryo-ET. The determined structures will reveal the supramolecular organization of viral proteins and RNA at EV RCs. The findings will clarify the long-standing question regarding the relation between membrane topology and the RNA synthesis machinery. Subtomogram averaging methods will be used to reveal how the viral polymerase assembles into higher-order structures on the RCs membrane, and obtain high resolution structures of these assemblies. Assemblies of purified EV polymerases will be imaged by cryo-ET and compared to structures found in cells. Additionally, the effect on the Golgi apparatus of the viral proteins thought to initiate the membrane remodelling will be studied by cryo-ET. Taken together, this project will determine the first high-resolution structures of viral RCs in cells, providing critical insights into the genome replication of the highly medically relevant EVs, and potentially generating new concepts for virus inhibitor design.

Keywords: cryo electron tomography,focus ion beam,enteroviruses,replication complex,membrane remodeling
Miniaturised Photonics Enabled Next Generation SAR (RETINA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Theme: Enabling advances in space technology
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Germany,United Kingdom
Call: Earth observation technologies (H2020-SPACE-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2991088.25
EU funding (EUR): 2991088.25
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

Photonic technologies are recognised as key enablers to satisfy the flexibility, SWaP and performance requirements of next generation EO missions. The ability of Photonics to handle high data rates and high frequencies and its easy reconfigurability is critical in this scenario, where current purely RF technologies are limited in SWaP and performance. However, the use of Photonics is currently restricted to a few demonstrations in non-critical equipment, due to their perceived immaturity compared to RF. RETINA will develop several key RF-photonic building blocks to TRL5-6, designing, fabricating and testing 1) multi-beam TTD phased array antennas for X band operation, 2) a photonic integrated beamforming network, 3) novel configuration active X-band antenna array and 4) miniaturized space-grade components and subsystems. Miniaturization will be achieved by integrating lasers and external modulators with electronics in the Tx side, integrating photodiodes, amplifiers and electronics at the Rx side and by fabricating a PIC beamformer. RETINA will integrate and demonstrate such building blocks in a test bed proving the suitability of the proposed architecture in a SAR scenario for 64 beams, demonstrating a flexible SAR payload for missions requiring flexible frequency plans and channelization and dynamic coverage operation. RETINA consortium comprises the multidisciplinary skills needed to achieve its objectives and fully exploit its results, with partners representing the whole value chain, from space-grade hardware developers to EO satellite integrators and by Academia Partners developing key technologies and fostering technology transfer. RETINA builds on the results of FP7 project GAIA and is complementary to developments made by its partners in ESA and EC Projects. RETINA success will contribute to enhance EU competitiveness and non-dependence by developing critical technologies for the EU satellite industry that can be transferred to non-space sectors.

Keywords: next generation sar,x band sar,true time delay,photonic beamformer,hybrid rf,photonics,swap reduction
Building the next generation high-speed data converters to strengthen European excellence and competitiveness on space applications and beyond (INTERSTELLAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Theme: Enabling European competitiveness, non-dependence and innovation of the European space sector
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Poland,France,France,United Kingdom
Call: Technologies for European non-dependence and competitiveness (H2020-COMPET-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 63.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7309500.5
EU funding (EUR): 6201187.5
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed INTERSTELLAR project addresses one critical topic of European non-dependence under the line “High speed DAC-ADC based on European Technology” – analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue data converters. E2V designs, manufactures, supplies to the space market these essential components, but faces keen competition from US providers. To preserve know-how and production of such competitive components in Europe and to underscore its efforts for non-dependence, the industrial consortium proposes to develop two new data converters and to mature them to TRL6. A four-channel ADC, sampling at up to 6 GSPs offers ultra-wide input bandwidth, flexibility and high-speed serial outputs. A multi-channel DAC, reconstructing at up to 6 GSPs offers multi-Nyquist output bandwidth, configurable modes and high-speed serial inputs. Using a European semiconductor technology, the new converters shall target performances beyond today’s state-of-the-art to ensure their competitiveness by their delivery dates. Such devices facilitate innovative Rx-to-Tx signal chain solutions for satellite telecommunications, earth observation, navigation and scientific missions. To achieve the challenging objectives set, the four partners have intimate knowledge in space technology and will bring expertise to the project. E2V (F), coordinator, will be in charge of design, manufacturing and test activities. AIRBUS Defence & Space (UK) and THALES ALENIA SPACE (F), the two major European space companies, will make a key contribution as end-users of space data converters – guiding initial requirements and evaluating the devices under relevant conditions. The Fraunhofer Institute (D) will significantly contribute with reference PCBs hosting the new ADC and DAC, thus enabling detailed device evaluation and enhancing the dissemination of the results. Assembling such honed skills within a fruitful cooperation, promises to make the INTERSTELLAR project a great success for the European space industry.

Keywords: analog and digital data converters,high speed,high bandwidth,telecom,earth observation,navigation,serial links,non hermetic package,bicmos,flip chip,space,digital payloads,satellites
Sustainable soil management to unleash soil biodiversity potential and increase environmental, economic and social wellbeing. (SOILGUARD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Sustainable agriculture and forestry
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Ireland,Austria,Argentina,Spain,Germany,Spain,Belgium,Switzerland,Hungary,Switzerland,Belgium,Finland,Greece,Thailand,Greece,Latvia,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Cameroon,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Emerging challenges for soil management (H2020-SFS-2020-2, 2020)
Start date: 2021-06-01
End date: 2025-05-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 6999161.25
EU funding (EUR): 6999161.25
Participants: 26
Project status: SIGNED

SOILGUARD envisages a future where the conservation of soil biodiversity and the environmental, economic and social wellbeing of EU biogeographical regions is guaranteed. Unsustainable management and climate change are increasing land degradation and threatening soil biodiversity. Urgent action is required to mainstream sustainable soil management practices and the perception of soil biodiversity as a key nature-based solution to face land degradation and climate change stressors. The efficacy of this call to action depends on addressing major knowledge gaps related to biodiversity and soil-mediated ecosystem services. Soil biodiversity assessment emerges as a key challenge to be overcome. SOILGUARD will co-create a conceptual and analytical framework with the potential to become the global standard for future assessments of soil biodiversity status and its contribution to soil multifunctionality and human wellbeing. This framework will be validated in an innovative experimental design, combining multiple study sites across biomes and regional land degradation gradients with in-situ climate change simulations. Thus, creating the evidence to fill the gaps of knowledge and quantify the environmental, economic and social consequences of unsustainable soil management. All knowledge co-created will be shared through SOILGUARDIANS, a predictive tool based on the causal links between soil biodiversity, soil multifunctionality and wellbeing to support stakeholders on the transition to sustainable management. The SOILGUARD’s network of knowledge and the connectivity enabled by SOILGUARDIANS app will create an ecosystem of innovation for users to showcase, learn and share experiences. SOILGUARD will co-create evidence-based conservation recommendations for policies and frameworks at EU and international level and will support Member States commitments under the Global Soil Partnership. SOILGUARD has the support and engagement of the GSP, GSBI, SOIL-BON, ITPS, FAO and IPBES.

Keywords: land degradation,climate change stressors,soil mediated ecosystem services,socio economic and socio cultural valuation,well being
Ultralow power and ultra-wideband spintronics near thermodynamic limits (SKYNOLIMIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-02-01
End date: 2026-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Moore’s Law drove the technology revolution for more than five decades and left no aspect of our lives untouched. State-of-the-art computation relies on transistors, whose dimensions or power consumption could no longer be reduced. Nevertheless, growing need for information processing, battery-constrained internet-of-things devices and wireless connectivity necessitates discoveries of nanoelectronic building blocks with novel physics. Thus, fundamental breakthroughs are needed in highly power-efficient non-volatile computational elements that meet the speed, bandwidth and scalability requirements of microelectronics industry. Using electronic spins for non-volatile computation could offer very diverse new device physics and architectures to meet these requirements. In SKYNOLIMIT project, I aim to experimentally demonstrate ultra-wideband, ultralow-power and non-volatile logic circuit architectures that operate based on nanoscale spins called magnetic skyrmions. Skyrmions are nanoscale spin structures that allow for room temperature computation and memory functions near thermodynamic limits while being robust against fabrication imperfections and stray magnetic fields. In this project, (1) I first computationally model, fabricate and test the novel functional nanomaterials with giant spin-orbit coupling and low damping to achieve all-electric generation/detection and processing of skyrmions using multilayers of topological insulators and/or 2D transition metal dichalcogenides on insulating rare earth iron garnet films. Second, (2) I plan to experimentally demonstrate skyrmion processors including signal generators, logic gates, registers, and fast Fourier transformers. Third, (3) I plan to experimentally implement neural network hardware using skyrmionics. Thus, high-speed and ultra-wideband 2D skyrmionics could help reduce power consumption, extend mobile battery life by a few orders of magnitude and help spintronics become a part of mainstream electronics.

Keywords: garnet,spintronics,skyrmion
Photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging platform for biosensing applications: An innovative approach for the study of disease-related biomarkers (Photosense)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship (Photosense), I will design a photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging platform for the sensing of disease-related biomarkers, using conjunction rare-earth upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) with organic dyes to form kinds of nanoprobes. By incorporating UCNPs and dyes, I aim to efficiently develop a series of organic and inorganic hybrid nanoprobes. The fluctuations in the concentration of disease-related biomarkers can be monitored by fluorescence and photoacoustic signals simultaneously. Furthermore, this strategy can be easily expanded to detect different biomarkers by tuning and modifying the UCNPs and organic dyes pairs. I will apply my knowledge in multimodal imaging and nanoparticle design and carry out these exciting tasks in the labs of Prof Molly Stevens at Imperial College London (ICL), exploiting her research programme’s expertise in nanomaterial-based components in biosensing technologies. My Fellowship will be best executed in The Stevens Group (2016 Clemson Award for Basic Research/2014 Research Group of the Year) based on their world-class technological knowhow in designing such systems to yield the best outputs from Photosense.

Keywords: sensor platform,disease related biomarkers,upconversion nanoparticles,organic dye,photoacoustic,fluorescence
Scattering Matrix Approach in Reflection applied to Turbid media (SMART)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-08-18
End date: 2019-08-17
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173076.0
EU funding (EUR): 173076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to (1) demonstrate innovative optical imaging by increasing by 2x the depth penetration of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and (2) make groundbreaking advances in the study of 3D Anderson localization (AL) of light. These seemingly different topics are in fact closely linked. Wave transport in complex media can be described by the Green’s matrix (GM), which holds complete information about propagation between every input and output point of the medium. The need to understand and work with the GM underpins the proposed work of this action. Recently, the field GM for light was measured for the first time using a white-light illumination, opening up new avenues for fundamental and applied physics. This action will combine this approach with matrix methods (previously applied to ultrasound imaging) to build a ‘SMART-OCT’ apparatus: an innovative OCT-like system based on a matrix approach that enables the acquisition of the GM and elimination of multiple scattering. SMART-OCT will have 2x the current OCT depth limit (>2 mm) with no loss in resolution or affordability (white light illumination). The SMART-OCT system will be tested on biological tissues, compared to current OCT, and patented and developed towards market. Like all technology, the creation of this device will be accompanied by advances in fundamental science. The optical field GM will be used to study AL of light – the ‘trapping’ of waves due to interference effects induced by strong disorder. This concept is important for light control and confinement, but past experiments in optics have always suffered from absorption and non-linearities. The proposed method can sidestep these issues to give the first unambiguous study of 3D AL for light. The execution of these projects in parallel will develop the sensitivity and range of SMART-OCT.

Keywords: wave propagation through complex media,scattering matrix,wave front shaping,green s function,single,multiple scattering,optical coherence tomography,biological tissues,anderson localization