Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Structural biology of mammalian transcription regulation (TRANSREGULON)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Panel description: Molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology, molecular biophysics, synthetic and chemical biology, drug design, innovative methods and modelling
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-07-01
End date: 2020-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2496250.0
EU funding (EUR): 2496250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The regulation of gene transcription by RNA polymerase (Pol) II underlies cell differentiation and organism development, and its dysregulation causes many cancers. Transcription regulation occurs during initiation, when Pol II assembles with initiation factors on promoter DNA, but also during mRNA chain elongation, when Pol II pauses near the promoter before it restarts upon activation. Our previous ERC Advanced Grant ‘TRANSIT’ enabled us to provide molecular insights into yeast Pol II initiation and its regulation by the Mediator coactivator complex (Plaschka et al., Nature 2015; Sainsbury et al., Nature 2012, Lariviere et al, Nature 2012). Here, with our new proposal ‘TRANSREGULON’ we wish to open a new frontier and provide the structural basis for mammalian Pol II regulation during elongation. We will use an integrated structural biology approach combining X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and crosslinking, to obtain the first atomic structure of a mammalian Pol II enzyme (aim 1), the structure of the negative elongation factor NELF (aim 2), which is required for promoter-proximal pausing by mammalian Pol II, and the threedimensional architecture of the promoter-proximally paused Pol II complex (aim 3) containing the multiprotein pausing factors NELF and DSIF, and eventually also the pause release factor p-TEFb. This ground-breaking work will make the transition from yeast to human structural biology of transcription, will provide the molecular basis for a central mechanism of cellular regulation, and will advance structural biology methods for dissecting large and transient mammalian multicomponent complexes.
Chromotherapy: Modernity and the Colour Cure (CHROMOCURE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184707.84
EU funding (EUR): 184707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project, entitled “Chromotherapy: Modernity and the Colour Cure” (CHROMOCURE), aims to analyse how the search to heal the human mind and body in modern society was framed by the curative properties of colour from 1880 to 1940. Fin-de-siècle and early 20th-century modernity (1880s-1930s) succeeded the mid-19th-century colour revolution in Europe, when the manufacture of new chemical aniline dyes enabled the production of novel synthetic colours at the same time as the physiology of colour and light perception became a central focus of the expanding field of optics. Informed by the rise of spiritualism or occult beliefs and the Victorian fascination with synaesthesia (a perceptual condition in which sensory input from one cognitive stream, like sound, gives rise to sensory input from another unstimulated cognitive stream, like colour), modern doctors, psychologists, musicians, and artists attributed therapeutic or stimulating functions to colour in the form of coloured light, sound, and art. Dr Fryxell will investigate how doctors, artists, and public intellectuals across Britain, America, France, and Germany understood the perception of colour to impact human physiology and psychology. Using a close analysis of historical medical texts, music/art treatises, and spiritual writings, she will trace the relationship between popular understandings of colour therapeutics (“chromotherapy”) and the use of colour in modern art/music. This research will reveal new interdisciplinary connections between medicine and modern art by investigating colour’s centrality to social therapeutics and aesthetics. Dr Fryxell’s innovative approach to chromotherapy in the fields of cultural history and colour studies will enable her to reveal a hitherto unknown aspect of medical history (the use of colour to treat human disease in modern societies) as well as connect the use of colour in modern art to a broader history of the curative properties attributed to colour in early modernity.

Keywords: colour,history of medicine,health,affect,emotions,history of science,cultural history,modern art,music,art history,perception,embodiment,cognition
BIO-OXIDATED S2: THE SOLUTION TO USE ORGANIC SLUDGE, NON-HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND URBAN GREEN WASTE TO MAKE BRICKS. (BIO-OXIDATED S2)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Climate action, environment,  resource efficiency and raw materials
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Boosting the potential of small businesses for eco-innovation and a sustainable supply of raw materials (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-03-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to employ organic, urban and industrial sludge, along with non-hazardous waste from industrial processes and along with urban green waste, in the production of bricks with enhanced heat insulating capacity. This is made possible by an innovative compound called Bio-Oxidated S2, patented by the consortium. The purpose of the project is to create a pilot plant for producing Bio-Oxidated S2 and also to develop a new business model that will set up a production chain consisting of waste disposal companies and brick manufacturers in order to duplicate this chain in major brick producing areas in Europe. An industrial-sized plant for producing Bio-Oxidated S2 will be able to dispose of 50,000 tons of organic sludge, 30,000 tons of urban green waste and 20,000 tons of non-hazardous waste material from industrial processes per year. It will produce 50,000 tons of Bio-Oxidated S2 and provide 15 new jobs. Used as an additive to clay, this amount of Bio-Oxidated S2 can be employed to produce 300,000 tons of brick per year, and these bricks will have a thermal conductivity index that is 15% lower than the finest bricks currently available (which will lead to better heat insulation in new buildings), while saving 50,000 tons of raw materials (30,000 tons of clay and 20,000 tons of sand) and 1,500,000 m3 of natural gas used for baking the bricks. The project helps mitigate or solve important industrial and social problems, because it: 1) increases the percentage of organic sludge that is recycled; 2) reduces the amount of raw materials used to produce the bricks; 3) lowers the consumption of natural gas in the brick production process; 4) helps increase environmental compatibility in the building construction sector. The project develops an industrial symbiosis whereby different actors derive mutual benefit from sharing utilities and waste materials and it will be possible to turn waste from one industry into useful feedstock for another one.

Keywords: organic sludge,urban green waste,non hazardous industrial waste,heat insulating capacity,brick
Nu Flavour: Novel Effective Field Theory and Simplified Model Approaches to Beyond-the-Standard Model Flavour Physics and Neutrino Phenomenology (Nu Flavour)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212933.76
EU funding (EUR): 212933.76
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

I propose utilizing model-independent formalisms, e.g. effective field theories (EFT) and simplified models, to study Beyond-the-Standard Model (BSM) flavour physics and associated neutrino phenomenology. The proposal will consist of two parts, (a) and (b). In (a) I will apply the highly novel all-orders formalism of the Geometric SMEFT (GeoSMEFT) to define and extract neutrino masses and mixings from available datasets, thereby ascertaining the extent to which BSM physics may already be effecting present measurements, and also any implied constraints on candidate ultraviolet (UV) flavour theories. In (b) I will study the phenomenology of Simplified Models of Flavourful Leptoquarks (SMFL) and/or other simplified models invariant under residual family symmetries (RFS), which encode symmetry-breaking effects in UV flavour theories and which can account for potential B-decay anomalies at the LHC, in atmospheric neutrino cascades detectable at IceCube. Proposals (a) and (b) will be executed in four Work Packages (WP) with the following titles: WP1: A derivation of mass and mixing quantities within the GeoSMEFT for both Majorana and Dirac neutrino paradigms, including the associated renormalization group flow (RGE) and matching to lower-energy EFTs. WP2: A phenomenological GeoSMEFT extraction of neutrino mass and mixing parameters from available datasets. WP3: An extension of the RFS formalism embedded in SMFL to account for RD(*) anomalies in addition to, and independently from, the presently addressed RK(*) anomalies. WP4: The development of the cascade atmospheric neutrino formalism in the presence of flavoured BSM states, and in particular SMFL, and the subsequent calculation of associated conventional and prompt neutrino fluxes at IceCube. WP1-WP4 will yield innovative techniques for studying BSM flavour and neutrino physics in a model-independent manner, and new phenomenological results of interest to the broader high-energy particle physics community.

Keywords: beyond the standard model physics,effective field theories,simplified models,flavour physics,neutrino physics
Learning to See in a Dynamic World (SEED)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2014-CoG, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999412.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999412.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of SEED is to fundamentally advance the methodology of computer vision by exploiting a dynamic analysis perspective in order to acquire accurate, yet tractable models, that can automatically learn to sense our visual world, localize still and animate objects (e.g. chairs, phones, computers, bicycles or cars, people and animals), actions and interactions, as well as qualitative geometrical and physical scene properties, by propagating and consolidating temporal information, with minimal system training and supervision. SEED will extract descriptions that identify the precise boundaries and spatial layout of the different scene components, and the manner they move, interact, and change over time. For this purpose, SEED will develop novel high-order compositional methodologies for the semantic segmentation of video data acquired by observers of dynamic scenes, by adaptively integrating figure-ground reasoning based on bottom-up and top-down information, and by using weakly supervised machine learning techniques that support continuous learning towards an open-ended number of visual categories. The system will be able not only to recover detailed models of dynamic scenes, but also forecast future actions and interactions in those scenes, over long time horizons, by contextual reasoning and inverse reinforcement learning. Two demonstrators are envisaged, the first corresponding to scene understanding and forecasting in indoor office spaces, and the second for urban outdoor environments. The methodology emerging from this research has the potential to impact fields as diverse as automatic personal assistance for people, video editing and indexing, robotics, environmental awareness, augmented reality, human-computer interaction, or manufacturing.
DNA Replication: From Physiology to Replication Stress in Human Cancer (REPLISTRESS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Panel description: Molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology, molecular biophysics, synthetic and chemical biology, drug design, innovative methods and modelling
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2231378.0
EU funding (EUR): 2231378.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Replication of the genome is of critical importance for cell proliferation and organismal development. To ensure accurate and complete replication of their genome, eukaryotes have hundreds to thousands of replication origins. In budding yeast, the genomic positions of all the origins are known, as is the order in which they fire. In contrast, in human cells, the mapping of origins is controversial and origin firing may be stochastic and plastic. Furthermore, while normal cells replicate their genomes with high fidelity; in cancer cells, the presence of activated oncogenes leads to collapse of DNA replication forks (DNA replication stress), DNA damage and genomic instability. My laboratory has recently elucidated key differences in DNA replication after oncogene induction. We mapped replication origins on the human genome and found that, in addition to the origins present before oncogene induction, a new class of “oncogene-induced” origins was observed upon activation of the CCNE1 (Cyclin E) or MYC (c-Myc) genes. Only forks from the oncogene-induced origins were prone to collapse, leading to the genomic instability patterns observed in the common human cancers. In this proposal, we aim to map with high precision the human replication origins, determine if their firing is stochastic or deterministic and identify sequence motifs that are important for origin firing (Aim 1). We further aim to explore how transcription in the G1 phase of the cell cycle regulates origin firing (Aim 2). This endeavour is motivated by our observation that transcription in G1 inactivates intragenic origins. Finally, we aim to understand how transcription, replication and repair are coordinated to avoid DNA replication stress in normal cells (Aim 3). The proposed experiments will help us understand how normal cells replicate their genome with high fidelity and how oncogenes interfere with this process.

Keywords: dna replication origins,break induced replication,fork collapse,fork repair
The Hall Plateau Transition and non-unitary Quantum Field Theory (NuQFT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2015-10-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 75.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2098157.5
EU funding (EUR): 2098157.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to solve the Quantum Field Theory (QFT) describing the transition between plateaus of quantized Hall conductance in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect (IQHE). The existence of the plateaus and their topological origin are certainly well understood. In sharp contrast, the transition, which mixes the effects of disorder, magnetic field and possibly interactions, remains very mysterious. Numerical studies of lattice models are plagued by disorder. The QFT description involves physics at very strong coupling, and requires a non-perturbative solution before quantitative predictions can be made. Finding such a solution is very difficult because the QFT for the plateau transition is ‘non-unitary’ - it involves a non-Hermitian ‘Hamiltonian’. Non-unitary QFT is a challenging, almost unexplored topic, that must be first developed before the plateau transition can be addressed. I propose to carry out this task with a cross-disciplinary strategy that uses ideas and tools from conformal field theory, statistical mechanics, and mathematics. Key to this strategy is a new and powerful way of analyzing lattice regularizations of the QFTs by focussing on their algebraic properties directly on the lattice, with a mix of advanced representation theory and numerical techniques. The results - in particular, concerning conformal invariance and renormalization group flows in the non-unitary case - will then be used to solve the QFT models for the plateau transition in the IQHE and in other universality classes of 2D Anderson insulators. This will be a landmark step in our understanding of the localization/delocalization transition in two dimensions, and allow a long delayed comparison of theory with experiment. The results will, more generally, impact many other areas of physics where non-unitary QFT plays a central role - from disordered systems of statistical mechanics to the string theory side of the AdS/CFT duality, to the effective description of open quantum systems.

Keywords: quantum hall effect,localization,topological insulators,quantum field theory,conformal field theory,open quantum systems
Unravelling bubble-particle collisions in turbulence (BU-PACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Products and processes engineering
Panel description: Product and process design, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, vehicle engineering, energy processes and relevant computational methods
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2025-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The objective of the proposed study program is to elucidate the effect of turbulence on collisions between bubbles and particles. Such collisions are fundamental to flotation, a process widely used to separate materials based on differences in their hydropThe objective of the proposed study program is to elucidate the effect of turbulence on collisions between bubbles and particles. Such collisions are fundamental to the flotation process, a technology widely used in industry. Applications include wastewater treatment, paper recycling, and especially mining, where flotation is used to separate minerals. This process commonly operates under strongly turbulent conditions and the important role of turbulence is now a widely accepted fact in the mineral engineering community. The actual effect of turbulence on the bubble-particle collision rate, however, remains unclear. This is largely because effects arising from a finite drift velocity of suspended species, such as preferential concentration, remain entirely unexplored and hence unaccounted for. Bubbles and light particles behave fundamentally different in a turbulent flow compared to their heavy counterparts and therefore the problem. Therefore the bubble-particle problem is fundamentally different from e.g. droplet collisions in clouds, requiring new concepts. I intend to investigate bubble-particle collisions through combined experimental and numerical efforts. Experiments using Particle Tracking Velocimetry will provide much needed reference data while direct numerical simulations via point-particle and immersed-boundary methods will allow us to study various physical effects in detail. Together, these will enable us to develop and test realistic theories and models for the geometric collision rate between particles and bubbles as well as for their collision efficiency. The ultimate goal is a physics-based parametrization of the effective bubble-particle collision rate in realistic conditions.

Keywords: particles in turbulence,multi phase flow,flotation
Organocatalysis at the service of total synthesis: Madangamine alkaloids (ORSETOSY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-04-27
End date: 2017-04-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will develop a new, highly enantioselective, state-of-the-art synthetic route to the madangamine alkaloids B, C and E based on a novel organocatalytic desymmetrization reaction as a key step, which will allow the rapid and efficient construction of the BC rings ready for subsequent advancement to the majority of the family members. Evaluation of the anti-cancer biological activity of the different madangamines and late stage intermediates will be carried out. This Fellowship project combines total synthesis, new asymmetric methodology development via organocatalysis and biological evaluation. It has been designed to augment and complement the research and transferable skills sets of the Marie Curie fellow, and will greatly enhance his career prospects accordingly. Through the training and the research results arising, the Fellowship will be beneficial to the fellow, the host institution and European science.

Keywords: organocatalysis,total synthesis,anti cancer activity,computational calculations