Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Popular Sovereignty vs. the Rule of Law? Defining the Limits of Direct Democracy (LIDD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2024-04-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1963935.0
EU funding (EUR): 1963935.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Should the people be allowed to vote on the adoption of immigration restrictions that violate international law? Should it be permissible to launch a citizens’ initiative demanding the reintroduction of the death penalty? May a proposal be put to a popular vote despite the fact that voters are not properly informed about its effects? With the mushrooming of direct-democratic instruments throughout Europe and the introduction of the European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI), the relationship between popular sovereignty and the rule of law is set to become one of the defining political issues of our time. Yet despite their great practical relevance, the questions of where the legal limits of direct democracy should be drawn and how compliance with these limits should be reviewed have remained almost completely unexplored. This leaves a major gap in the research that has serious repercussions for the functionality and legitimacy of direct democracy. It is the ambitious objective of LIDD to provide the scientific basis for resolving this urgent challenge. By innovatively combining comparative legal analysis with both qualitative and quantitative methods from other social sciences, the project builds on the experience made with various direct-democratic mechanisms in order to develop general conclusions. Part 1 of LIDD distils a core of issues that is regarded as being beyond the reach of direct democracy across all European states and elaborates best practices that will help states define and apply the limits of direct democracy in a sensible way. Part 2 identifies common European minimum standards that institutional and procedural systems for reviewing compliance with these limits must satisfy and makes suggestions for improving these systems. Part 3 applies the findings from Parts 1 and 2 to the EU level; it shows how the admissibility requirements that an ECI must meet should be adapted and clarified and how the admissibility procedure could be improved.

Keywords: direct democracy,referendums,citizens initiatives,european citizens initiative,rule of law,international law,human rights
Next Generation Alkaline Membrane Water Electrolysers with Improved Components and Materials (NEWELY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: FCH2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Italy,Germany,Germany,Korea, Republic of,Switzerland,France,Czechia
Call: New Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolysers (H2020-JTI-FCH-2019-1, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2597413.75
EU funding (EUR): 2204846.25
Participants: 13
Project status: SIGNED

Green hydrogen is one of the most promising solutions for the decarbonisation of society. Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is already a mature technology but its large footprint makes it inadequate for producing the energy vector at GW scale. Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) on the other hand is compact but its dependence on iridium and other expensive materials poses a serious threat for up-scaling. Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) combines the benefits of both technologies. However, its key performance indicators (KPI) do not reach commercial requirements and are lacking competitiveness. NEWELY project aims to redefine AEMWE, surpassing the current state of AWE and bringing it one step closer to PEMWE in terms of efficiency but at lower cost. The three main technical challenges of AEMWE: membrane, electrodes and stack are addressed by 3 small-medium-enterprises (SME) with their successful markets related to each of these topics. They are supported by a group of 7 renowned R&D centres with high expertise in polymer chemistry and low temperature electrolysis. The SMEs and one of the largest hydrogen companies in the world will oversee that the new developments have a clear commercial perspective, placing Europe at the lead of AEMWE technology in three years. In this period , the NEWELY consortium will develop a prototypic 5-cell stack with elevated hydrogen output pressure. It will contain highly conductive and stable anionic membranes as well as efficient and durable low-cost electrodes. It will reach twice the performance of the state of the art of AEMWE operating with pure water feedstock only. The targeted performance of the NEWELY prototype will be validated in a 2,000 hours endurance test. The new AEMWE stack will lead to a significant cost reduction of water electrolysis having a relevant impact in the cost of green hydrogen.

Keywords: aem electrolysis,alkaline membrane
A targeted knockout screen for identification of Leishmania membrane transporters required for infection of macrophages (transLEISHion)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Leishmaniases are among the world's most neglected diseases. It´s causative agent - Leishmania - is transmitted by the bite of a sand fly. In the host, the parasite is taken up by macrophages and proliferates in the harsh conditions of the host phagolysosome. Currently available drugs for treatment present major drawbacks, urging the need for more effective, safer, and cheaper drugs. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that enable Leishmania to subvert macrophage defence mechanisms and cause disease remain largely unclear. Thanks to modern comparative transcriptomic analysis, the identification of hundreds of genes overexpressed in intracellular amastigote forms was possible for the first time and identified cell surface proteins, transporters, peptidases and many uncharacterized genes with possible roles in host-pathogen interactions. Only recently, a high-throughput gene editing method based on CRISPR-Cas9 allowed for the first time easy manipulation of Leishmanias´ complex genome and rapid functional analysis of genes. For over 50 years membrane transporters have been extensively studied in kinetoplastida, due to their role in the intrinsic parasite nutrient needs, defence from host immune attack and uptake of drug formulations. Despite these efforts a large number of such transporters expressed in amastigotes remain uncharacterized. The present project proposes (1) the generation of a library of 48 L. mexicana mutants by systematic CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of amastigote-upregulated genes encoding membrane transporters, (2) Identification of membrane transporters required for viability of the promastigote parasite form and the (3) Identification of membrane transporters required for differentiation into amastigotes, macrophage infection, intracellular survival. The results of this project are expected to provide new insight into functions of hitherto unexplored aspects of amastigote biology and identify potential new targets for anti-parasitic drugs.

Keywords: crispr,cas9,transporters,leishmania,amastigotes,infectivity
Technology Advances for Pilotline of Enhanced Semiconductors for 3nm (TAPES3)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Electronic Components and Systems
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: ECSEL (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Israel,Egypt,Germany,Germany,Germany,Belgium,Switzerland,France,France,France,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: IA (H2020-ECSEL-2017-1-IA-two-stage, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 121116315.26
EU funding (EUR): 28192938.27
Participants: 39
Project status: CLOSED

In line with industry needs, Moore’s law, scaling in ITRS 2013, and ECSEL JU MASP 2017, the main objective of the TAPES3 project is to discover, develop and demonstrate lithographic, metrology, EUV mask technology, devices and process modules enabling 3nm node technology. This is planned with available EUV/NA 0.33 scanners, and with system design and integration of a new hyper NA EUV lithography tool to enable more single exposure patterning at 3nm to create complex integrated circuits. Process steps for 3D devices as alternative to the conventional FINFet will be explored for application in the 3nm node. The impact of the application of these so called 3D devices on circuit topology and logic design will be explored. During the development, specific challenges in metrology for the characterization of 3D devices will be assessed and metrology tools will be newly developed. The result will be demonstrated in the imec pilot line. The TAPES3 project relates to the ECSEL work program topic Equipment, Material and Manufacturing. It addresses and targets, as set out in MASP, the grand Challange of "More Moore Equipment and Materials for sub 10nm technologies" by exploring the requirements and solutions for the 3nm node. The project touches the core of the continuation of Moore’s law. Moreover, the cost aware development process will support the involved companies, and will place them in a preferred position over their worldwide competition. Through their worldwide affiliations, the impact of the TAPES3 project will be felt outside Europe in America and Asia Pacific semiconductor centers and is expected to benefit the European economy a lot by supporting its semiconductor equipment and metrology sectors with innovations, exports and employment.

Keywords: semiconductor process,equipment and materials
Ecosystem in a box: Dissecting the dynamics of a defined microbial community in vitro (EcoBox)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Panel description: Genetics, epigenetics, genomics and other ‘omics studies, bioinformatics, systems biology, genetic diseases, gene editing, innovative methods and modelling, ‘omics for personalised medicine
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2023-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1493899.0
EU funding (EUR): 1493899.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The dynamics of microbial communities may be driven by the interactions between community members, controlled by the environment, shaped by immigration or random events, influenced by evolutionary processes or result from an interplay of all these factors. This project aims to improve our understanding of how community structure and the environment impact community dynamics. Towards this aim, a defined in vitro community of human gut bacteria will be assembled, since their genomes are available and their metabolism is comparatively well resolved. In the first step, we will quantify the intrinsic variability of community dynamics and look for alternative stable states. Next, we will systematically vary community structure as well as nutrient supply and monitor their effects on the dynamics. Finally, we will measure model parameters, evaluate to what extent different community models predict observed community dynamics and validate the models by identifying and experimentally validating keystone species. Studies of microbial community dynamics are hampered by the cost of obtaining densely sampled time series in replicates and by the difficulty of community manipulation. We will address these challenges by setting up an in vitro system for parallel and automated cultivation in well-controlled conditions and by working with defined communities, where every community member is known. The proposed project will discern how external factors and community structure drive community dynamics and encode this knowledge in mathematical models. Moreover, the project has the potential to transform our view on alternative microbial communities and their interpretation. In addition, the project will extend our knowledge of human gut microorganisms and their interactions. These insights will ease the design of defined gut communities optimized for therapeutic purposes.

Keywords: biological systems analysis,modeling and simulation,synthetic communities
Climate Advanced Forecasting of sub-seasonal Extremes (CAFE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Training Networks
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Uruguay,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,France,France,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2023-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3155771.88
EU funding (EUR): 3155771.88
Participants: 20
Project status: CLOSED

Climate extremes such as heat waves or tropical storms have huge social and economic impact. The forecasting of such extreme events at the sub-seasonal time scale (from 10 days to 3 months) is challenging. Since the atmosphere and the ocean are coupled systems of enormous complexity, in order to advance sub-seasonal predictability of extreme events, it is crucial to train a new kind of interdisciplinary top-level researchers. CAFE research is structured in three WP: Atmospheric and oceanic processes, Extreme events and Tools for predictability, and brings together an interdisciplinary team of scientists. Objectives: Study of the relation between RWPs and the large scale environment, and the resulting limit of predictability; Statistical characterization of MJO events, dependence on climatic factors, and simple modelling to evaluate predictability; Development of diagnosis tools for identification and tracking of the MJO, blocking, waves and oceanic structures; Analysis of climatic changes in weather patterns and their relation with new climatic phenomena and extreme events in Europe; Estimation of probabilities for severe damages due to extreme events associated to ENSO; Validation of the hypothesis of cascades of extreme events and effects of a non-stationary climate; Estimation of exceedance probabilities for intensity of severe atmospheric events, including windstorms and hurricanes; Assessment of the response of extreme weather events for different levels of stabilized global warming and comparison with their response to internal modes of climate variability; Development of a procedure to improve the predictability of the onset of monsoon; Advanced statistical analysis of dynamic associations between SSS and extreme precipitation events; Study of predictability of large-scale atmospheric flow patterns over the Mediterranean connected to extreme weather; Systematic quantification of the predictability potential of a SWG of analogues of atmospheric circulation.

Keywords: sub seasonal predictability,extreme events statistics,time series analysis,coherent structures,weather patterns
Create and Harvest Offerings to support Manufacturing SMEs to become Digital Twin Champions (Change2Twin)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Austria,Spain,Spain,Italy,Germany,Germany,Poland,Poland,Switzerland,Norway,Norway,France,Netherlands,Netherlands
Call: I4MS (phase 4) - uptake of digital game changers (H2020-DT-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2024-11-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 9015419.49
EU funding (EUR): 7998718.63
Participants: 22
Project status: SIGNED

The main ambition of Change2Twin is to ensure that 100% of manufacturing companies in Europe have access to 100% of technologies needed to deploy a digital twin. Change2Twin will adopt the best practices developed so far in I4Ms – focus on local support provided by DIHs, keeping FSTP grants as accessible as posThe main ambition of Change2Twin is to ensure that 100% of manufacturing companies in Europe have access to 100% of technologies needed to deploy a digital twin. Specifically, we will focus on three sub-objectives: - Developing and providing a truly end-to-end service to the manufacturing SMEs where the end user receives from its local, trusted party (e.g. a DIH) a thorough analysis of the digitalization potential and a cross-border, multi-stakeholder (involving both components providers and an integrator), and ready-to-use recipe for implementation. - Providing an architecture-agnostic technology marketplace with dedicated knowledge models supporting the entity preparing the recipe for a complete solution in selecting the best components and most suitable providers. - Taking one step back to see the bigger picture and to find the minimal interoperable model facilitating modularity, composability and interchangeability of components used, regardless of the individual architectures or frameworks. Change2Twin will deliver: - A new benchmarked service model facilitating DIHs in providing support to manufacturing companies - A Pan-European marketplace populated with the state-of-the-art service providers that create coverage for end-to-end Digital Twinning solutions - A growing network of DIHs that have adopted the service model and marketplace based on a sustainable business model - An open, widely available toolbox for establishing a new marketplace consisting of software and body of knowledge gathered during the project - 4 Pilots proving the concept and 2 Open Calls for application experiments with a selection and support programme

Keywords: digital twin manufacturing framework,internet of things,digital transformation,standardization,connected factories,circular economy,human machine collaboration,digital supply chain
Manual Assistant (hand for upper limb disability) – a new approach designed to restore user's manual capabilities. (Tolka Pro)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Poland
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-11-01
End date: 2020-04-30
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The World Health Organization estimates that, in the developing world, there are 40 million amputees, and only 5% of them have access to any form of prosthetic care. Each year about 4 out of every 10,000 babies will have upper limb reductions ~52 000 / year. Currently available upper limb prostheses fall short of restoration of full function, which is one reason for high rates of abandonment. Moreover, the new prosthesis can be heavy, hard to use and expensive they can cost more than $100k. The additional costs include: New version/replacement or upgrade when children grow. As a result, access to this prosthesis is limited and unavailable especially for developing countries where the demand is much higher than the availability of the prosthesis. At vBionic, we would like to change that. We develop an artificial hand that in its appearance and movement reflects the natural one. The advanced/robotic manual assistant – TOLKA PRO can serve as a prosthesis for amputees and congenital malformations controlled wirelessly through API allowing any controller to communicate including MYOelectric (MYO), EEG (Muse), Leap Motion and voice. In connection with the voice control, we can deliver far more gestures than any solution available. We create a new market of supportive solution that will be provided in entirely remote process and will be affordable when it comes to price level aiming to improve manual capabilities and everyday tasks performance of people who need it. Besides the significant benefits that it will bring to society and the prosthetic sector, it will open a range of opportunities for the new sectors where the advanced robotic hand can be operated remotely. In Phase 1 we aim to carry a Feasibility Study to verify the project from a technical, commercial and financial point of view. The project will boost the growth of vBionic expecting to gain € 23 million of net profit, increase employment of 38 new people after five years in the market.

Keywords: manual assistant,bionic hand,augmented manuality,prosthetic socket,artificial hand