Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
SEMANTIC AND COGNITIVE DESCRIPTIONS OF SCENES FOR REASONING AND LEARNING IN AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE (COGNITIVE-AMI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-11-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A challenging goal in cognitive vision research deals with integrating quantitative and qualitative modes of representation; in particular, quantitative computer vision techniques for object recognition, tracking and motion analysis etc., and qualitative spatio-temporal representations to abstract away from unnecessary details, noise, error and uncertainty. This project is aimed at developing a semantic and cognitive description of real-world scenes captured at the intelligent building where the Spatial Cognition Research Centre at Universität Bremen is located. From the cameras and other sensors integrated in the building, the most efficient computer vision techniques will be applied for recognition of objects and human pose. A qualitative model for describing scenes and spatio-temporal changes will be defined in order to manage uncertainty and to apply qualitative reasoning models for inferring further information. Then, the qualitative descriptions obtained will be provided with ontological meaning for symbol grounding in order to provide ‘scenario understanding’ to software or robotic agents. To enhance human machine communication, the qualitative and semantic descriptions obtained will be translated to natural language for human understanding and a narrative description will be provided to the end-user for reading or for listening to by means of a speech synthesizer program. Finally, as a truly cognitive system must have the ability to learn from models built from sensor inputs, a framework for high-level (symbolic) learning of human-object interaction in temporal events will be designed.

Keywords: g104 image processing,g105 human computer interaction,g108 intelligent systems,g109 knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence,s205 cognitive and computational linguistics,m101 logic
In vitro reconstitution of the replication machinery on a chromatin template (DNA REPLICATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

DNA replication, the process where the genetic material is duplicated, is one of the most important and basic processes a cell undertakes. It is essential that this process is tightly and carefully regulated as errors in DNA replication are catastrophic, resulting in diseases like cancer. The synthetic or S phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle is entirely devoted to genome duplication by orchestrating two processes: DNA replication and histone production. Histones are small basic proteins that together with the DNA form the nucleosome, the repetitive subunit of chromatin. Nucleosomes provide for save storage of linear DNA and contribute to genome integrity. However, nucleosomes are very stable which limits the access of underlying DNA and thus has inhibitory effects on DNA replication, gene expression and DNA repair. Although tremendous progress has been made in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms, clear gaps remain in our understanding of DNA replication biology. One of these important questions is how the replication machinery overcomes the chromatin barrier for efficient DNA duplication. The goal of this proposal is to shed light onto how DNA replication initiates and the replisome elongates on chromatin.

Keywords: molecular biology,yeast genetics,biochemistry,chromatin biology,dna replication,cancer biology
RESIDENTIAL ANALYSIS - HOW DO LATENT ORDERS DETERMINE RESIDENTIAL DYNAMICS OF MINORITIES IN EAST-LONDON? (RESIDENTIAL ANALYSIS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Religious groups have become a salient factor of urban residential dynamics in Western society. The residential decisions of the sect's members follow, at least in part, the directives of the leaders, and the latter are interested in reinforcing their power through group segregation and social exclusion. What is the dynamic of residential competition between groups and a society of individuals? Can individualistic Western society withstand the pressure of a sect that decides to "seize" a neighborhood? Will the city pattern turn into a network of voluntary ghettos within a retreating pluralistic society? The applicant intends to investigate these questions in east London, where minorities preserve tradition based on family ties in compact areas. This study will recognize latent orders that determine residential dynamics of minorities, spotlighting in high resolution the role of group versus individual residential behaviors and investigates its effect with regards to Private and Community housing, focusing on the Bangladeshi Muslim community.

Keywords: soc,s108 human and social geography,s106 globalization - migration - interethnic relations
Crafting networks in early farming societies: tracing the residues of Neolithic activities through the study of stone artefacts (CRAFTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183469.8
EU funding (EUR): 183469.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project investigates a key research question in the study of many different societies: how do changing strategies and technologies of production constrain and shape social relations? This question will be addressed by investigating the role of technology in the development of social networks in early farming societies using an interdisciplinary research strategy that integrates stone tool analysis and functional analysis with a wide range of other inorganic and organic materials. The Neolithic period has been chosen to explore this issue because it represents a crucial phase in human history characterised by diverse technological and social changes. A crucial step in understanding the technological and social networks that structured the life of Neolithic communities is to establish the nature, range and social context of craft and food-processing activities taking place within Neolithic settlements. Three archaeological sites of critical importance for the Neolithic of Europe are chosen as case studies (Çatalhöyük, Knossos, Makriyalos). The character of activities will be established scientifically through the application of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, principally microwear and residue analysis techniques. Central to this project is the integration of scientific approaches with a broader theoretical framework for understanding technological acts, cross-craft interactions and contexts of social interaction in Neolithic communities. The primary objective of the IEF project is for the applicant to develop new and highly specialised scientific training in microscopic analysis techniques at the world-leading Laboratory for Artefacts Studies in Leiden. The proposed research will allow for the development of new collaborations between the host institution in the Netherlands and other institutions in Britain, Greece and Turkey. Training received through the IEF project will enhance the applicant’s scholarly status and lead to professional maturity.

Keywords: s401 archaeology - archaeometry - landscape archaeology,s402 prehistory and protohistory,microwear and residue analysis,stone technology,neolithic period,cross-craft interactions,networks
Diversity of MHC/peptide complexes in thymic compartments and their role in shaping T cell repertoire (PEPTIDE DIVERSITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Impaired selection of a functional and self-tolerant T cell repertoire is an underlying cause for development of immune system related disorders: immune-deficiencies and autoimmunity. However, current knowledge fails to explain how seemingly the same self-MHC/peptide complexes mediate the processes with completely different outcomes: survival versus apoptosis of T cells. In line, the nature of MHC/peptide complexes that mediate development of immune system and the influence of different antigen processing pathways on these complexes remain unresolved issues. The limitations of available technologies have left this question open. Recent advancement in the field of proteomics allows us now to precisely identify naturally occurring peptides that mediate selection of T cells. In addition, gene replacement technologies will be used to address the role of cathepsins, antigen-processing enzymes, on development of a fully functional T cell repertoire on one hand, and their effect on the quality and/or quantity of peptide epitopes displayed by cells that mediate T cell selection, on the other. The integration of proteomic methodology with in vivo experimental approach will enable us for the first time to interconnect the knowledge gained on cellular processes with direct physiological consequences in live animals. These new insights can accelerate not only discoveries related to T cell development, but are also relevant for understanding the interplay between T cells and pathogens, and can pave the way for new design and development of vaccines against infection diseases and therapies to treat autoimmunity. Thus, it directly contributes to strengthening European excellence in biomedical research. The host laboratory is one of the leading laboratories in the field of T cell biology that provides necessary expertise for successful realization of proposed project and the fellow has an outstanding track record of addressing questions related to immune-system related disorders.

Keywords: t cell selection,antigen presentation,mhc class ii,l605 immunological memory and tol,l811 genetic engineering - transgenic organisms,l612 biological basis of immunity related disorders
The cosmic nanoworld Astrophysics at the interface between the molecular and the macroscopic (NANOCOSMOS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 194046.6
EU funding (EUR): 194046.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Star formation and galaxy evolution are dust-driven: cosmic nanoparticles are the key agents that drive and regulate the core physical and chemical processes. Understanding the nature of the particles that populate this "cosmic nanoworld" is crucial, it is a world that exists at the interface between the molecular and the macroscopic. Its constituents are small enough to exhibit characteristics reminiscent of molecules, but large enough to have properties typical of solid state materials. Because of the the “hybrid” nature of nanoparticles, an appropriate way to characterize their physical and chemical properties is still missing. The key issue is to find the right approach to attack problems too big to be solved by brute force calculation, but too small to be tackled by statistical methods. My strategy is original in that it combines theory (hybrid multiscale modelling approaches and classical molecular dynamics) and observations in the astrophysical context, taking advantage of the fact that cosmic nanoparticles can be remotely-analysed under conditions hard or impossible to replicate in any terrestrial laboratory. The output from this project will dramatically increase our understanding of the fundamental properties of nanoparticles, helping us to reach a key goal of astrophysics. It will also provide a new set of analytic and computational tools, which will be made available to the scientific community to address ever-more-complex nanoscale systems and, in conclusion, to fully exploit the potentialities of the nanoworld. This proposal will complement my theoretical expertise with observational top-class training and will contribute to European excellence in many scientific fields. In addition, the project will enhance European competitiveness in nanoscience and nanotechnology (through knowledge transfer), which is essential to ensure a continued growth of Europe in the world's economy.

Keywords: p301 astronomy - astrophysics and cosmology,p212 nanophysics,p305 molecular architecture and structure,p107 atomic - molecular physics,p316 theoretical and computational chemistry
Context-sensitivity and the semantics of epistemic vocabulary in natural languages (EPISTEMIC VOCABULARY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2016-05-06
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project develops a novel approach to Epistemic Contextualism, the view that the content of the verb ‘know’ can change with the speaker’s context of utterance. More intuitively, I shall defend the view that there are contexts with high standards for ‘knowledge’, in which it is difficult to ‘know’ something, and contexts with low standards for ‘knowledge’, in which it is considerably easier to obtain ‘knowledge’. The main ideas leading to this position stem (a) from the idea that ‘knowledge’ is sensitive to the speakers’ context and practical situation and (b) from a comprehensive formal account of other context-sensitive expressions. Consider, for instance, the gradable adjectives ‘flat’ and ‘empty’, which function--as I argue--semantically in a similar way to ‘know’: just as what counts as ‘flat’ or ‘empty’ in one context does not necessarily do so in another, who counts as ‘knowing p’ in one context does not necessarily do so in another. In the second phase of the project the emerging account will be employed in providing innovative solutions to classical philosophical problems, such as the problems of scepticism and induction, and will be located in a broader epistemological framework by relating it to other central epistemological issues concerning epistemic justification, evidence, and testimony. Besides offering solutions to philosophical problems, however, the project will also address the role of knowledge in public policy debates such as debates about climate change. Additionally, the project will be of great importance to any discipline concerned with the generation and administration of knowledge: by shifting focus and looking at the notion of knowledge from a linguistic perspective--namely, by looking at the way in which epistemic terms are used in particular conversational contexts--the project will achieve a deeper understanding of the notion of knowledge that is central to the knowledge society of the 21st century.

Keywords: context-sensitivity,knowledge,epistemology,semantics,scepticism
The Complimentary Combination of Polyoxometalates and Metal Nanoparticles (COCOPOPS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-05-13
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The cooperative chemistry of polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal nanoparticles (NPs) still remains a relatively unexplored area of the chemical sciences despite showing remarkable potential in fields as diverse as catalysis and medicine. The ability to exert synthetic control during the self-assembly of any nanostructured material constructed from molecular precursors is of fundamental importance for its application as new material or device. In recent years, zero-valent state plasmonic noble-metal NPs have received a remarkable amount of attention due to their distinctive chemical, physical and optical properties. Efficient synthetic protocols are therefore required in order to reliably access a range of NP shapes, sizes and elemental compositions in high yield with minimal cost and toxicity. One emerging approach involves the use of POMs as reducing, capping, and stabilising agents. Dr. Scott G. Mitchell (the applicant) will develop new research skills by partnering him with Dr. Jesús Martínez de la Fuente and an internationally recognised group of nanotechnologists: The Nanotherapy and Nanodiagnostics group (GN2) at the Institute of Nanoscience of Aragón (INA) at the University of Zaragoza. The proposed research combines POMs and metal NPs as nanohybrid materials possessing responsive and switchable properties that are tuneable on the nanoscale. This two-year project will train the applicant in essential areas of microscopy as he generates novel materials which will be not merely of academic interest, but could have a number of real world applications in medicinal devices, materials science and catalysis. This next step in Dr Mitchell’s career is crucial in determining his long-term development; therefore the proposed work builds on existing skills developed during his PhD and postdoctoral research and develops completely new areas of research in inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology, acting as an ideal springboard for the applicant’s subsequent career.

Keywords: c132 coordination chemistry,c140 supramolecular chemistry,c102 nanochemistry,c130 intelligent materials - self assembled materials,c119 structural properties of materials,c128 nanomaterials
Rhodium-catalyzed alkene and alkyne hydroacylation (HYDROACYLATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-15
End date: 2015-10-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The hydroacylation reaction (HA) is a potentially powerful transformation in organic synthesis. The transformation of an aldehyde and an unsaturated hydrocarbon into a ketone involves the formation of a new C-C bond under atom-economical conditions. The main limitation of this reaction is the possible decarbonylation of one of the reaction intermediates. This research proposal aims the control of this undesirable decarbonylation pathway. This will be achieved by both attenuating decarbonylation and promoting the (rate limiting) reductive elimination step of the final product. With this in mind and taking into account the results recently reported by the host laboratory in the HA field (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 4885), a new generation of Rh(I) complexes containing small bite angle diphosphine ligands will be employed. The preparation of a series of small bite angle PXP ligands (X being C, N or B) would allow the study of the effect of the different steric and electronic parameters on the catalytic performance of the Rh(I) complexes. Metal complexes bearing phosphine ligands with different R groups (iPr, tBu, Cy, Ph, etc.), hemilabile phosphine ligands and ligands with suitable hydrophilic functionalities (water-soluble R groups) will be screened under the standard “challenging” HA conditions. This project will deliver the synthesis of a set general intermolecular HA catalysts that demonstrate high levels of functional group tolerance, stability under catalytic conditions, attractive rates of reaction for demanding substrates, low catalyst loadings with use of minimal and green solvents. By achieving this, we believe that HA will become a general and robust synthetic method for the production of fine and bulk chemicals, new materials and target molecules, rivaling the process of metathesis, hydrogenation, C–C cross coupling and alkene oxidation that are primary disconnections in organic synthetic methodology.

Keywords: c112 catalysis,c132 coordination chemistry,hydroacylation,c-h activation