Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
European Myth(s) of the Artist: A Self-constructed Fantasy (EMOTA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The notion of the artist, as perceived today, was shaped within the Romantic movement and forged by the artists themselves. Since Rousseau’s Pygmalion and Goethe’s Werther, the artist is conceived as a mythical construct able to reflect collective fantasies. The myths of Pygmalion and Prometheus are reactivated to express the creative process of the genius. As a social construct, however, the myth of the artist is defined against the values of the emerging bourgeois class. The artist as fictional hero has been studied extensively. Much less studied is the construction of the artist’s myth and the rhetoric supporting it through fiction. Myths are narrative constructs of formative value, and the text is the main medium which supports and propagates them. At a time when emphasis was put on national values as the dominant identity defining agent, the Romantics constructed a transnational identity at the intersection between self-image and images of the “other” (e.g. Balzac’s Frenhofer). Europe’s common heritage served as a cohesion agent in this identity-forming process, and art as the means to achieve it. This study will contribute to the understanding of this complex construct and highlight the roots of the most tenacious commonplaces that still hold today. As the function of the myth of the artist relies on aesthetic, socio-political, cultural and rhetorical aspects, a multidisciplinary approach is required (bringing together Literary Studies, Cultural Studies and Ιdentity Studies/Social Sciences). The innovation of this approach lies in linking myths of the artist to concepts of identity, national and transnational. Identity is, in its very essence, an abstraction and a fiction, and there is a lot to be gained by applying in its study a wide array of research tools used in the literary field. This project aims at contributing to scholarly research in constructs of identity through language and literature and to the public debate on the nature of such a construct.

Keywords: s303 literary theory and comparative literature - literary styles,s412 cultural heritage,myth-making,european identity,artist
Avoiding the socio-ecological collapse of remnant evergreen forests in drylands: the case study of northern Kenya (ASEC-DRYLAND-FORESTS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221154.6
EU funding (EUR): 221154.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One in five people in the world live in already degraded or desertification-prone drylands. Evergreen remnant forests in drylands provide essential livelihood resources to surrounding communities. However, these type of forests remain understudied and over-exploited. Predicted climatic changes and trends in population growth will negatively affect the ecological functioning and ecosystem service (ES) delivery of these already fragile ecosystems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to better understand and manage these ecosystems. ASEC-Dryland-Forests, focused on three forests in northern Kenya, will provide new information key for understanding and improving the management of these type of ecosystems. ASEC-Dryland-Forests will combine remote sensing data, meteorological and water availability time-series data, ground measurements (forest structure, carbon), local perceptions of importance, value, availability and change of ES (participatory approach), modelling and novel state-of-the-art methodologies from the fields of ecology, conservation science and socio-economics to (1) identify, measure and value the ES provided by the forests; (2) reveal the inter-relationship between isolated forests, climate and water at a local scale; (3) determine if current ES use is sustainable; and (4) develop management strategies for future sustainability. ASEC-Dryland-Forests is a highly interdisciplinary project which will generate information of wide relevance for the sustainable use of natural resources in dryland pastoralist communities both in Africa and in similar environments worldwide. The relevance and the high scientific quality proposed will benefit the EU not only by generating new knowledge and publications in high-profile scientific journals which will contribute to the enhancement of EU scientific excellence, but also by contributing to EU commitments within International treaties such as the Combat Desertification Agreement and the Millennium Development Goals.

Keywords: v101 environment and sustainability,v201 terrestrial ecology - land cover change,v201 earth observations from space - remote sensing,v305 ecology,v406 forestry - biomass production
Re-wiring of photosystem II enzymes to metal-oxide electrodes in artificial photosynthetic devices for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting performance (RPSII)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-11
End date: 2015-03-10
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Photocatalytic water splitting is an attractive means of efficiently converting solar energy into a storable hydrogen fuel, offering a clean and renewable source of energy that can replace fossil fuel. In this study, the Photosystem II (PSII) enzyme is employed as a biological catalyst in important proof-of-principle studies to establish the basic principles behind emerging artificial photosynthetic devices for efficient light-driven water splitting. Currently, the maximal output of PSII-based photocatalytic water splitting systems is capped by a number of factors, most significantly the non-ideal ‘wiring’ of the enzymes to the electrode giving rise to inefficient electron transfer. The present Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship (IIF) project proposes to enhance the performance of benchmark PSII-based photocatalytic systems by ‘rewiring’ the electron transfer from the bio-catalyst to the anode to eliminate inefficient steps, and hence establish new maximal outputs achievable by such systems. This will be achieved by directed immobilisation of the PSII to the anode, followed by the inhibition of redox events in the electron flow pathway to bypass the rate-limiting step. Moreover, current photocatatlyic water splitting systems rely on expensive rare-earth components which are ultimately non-sustainable and uneconomical for use in future photocatalytic devices. In this study, newly accessible nano-structured earth-abundant substrates will be investigated as electrode material to ultimately encourage the development of more sustainable systems for photocatalytic water splitting.

Keywords: c112 catalysis,c113 physical chemistry of biological systems,c128 nanomaterials
Application of Functionalised Oligoprolines in Asymmetric Catalysis (FUNCTOPROLASYMMCAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 192622.2
EU funding (EUR): 192622.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Although oligoprolines have been known for decades up till the recent years they have only been applied as spacers in the study of energy and electron transfer phenomena. Recently a new methodology for the functionalisation of their backbones has been developed. The great flexibility of the reported synthetic approach both with respect to the number and character of introduced motifs allows for effective fine-tuning of the properties of these helical oligopeptides. Herein we propose to apply functionalised oligoprolines as novel asymmetric organocatalysts and chiral ligands for metal-catalysed transformations. Successful demonstration that the helical chirality can be transferred efficiently into an enantioselective transformation will be a very important contribution to the area and may result in the establishment of new class of catalysts. We also aim at creating switchable systems in which we will control the catalytic activity of these compounds by a simple, external stimuli. This will constitute a major achievement in the fast growing area of modern chemical sciences focusing on mimicking the behaviour of natural catalytic systems. The ultimate goal of the project however is design and operation of a supramolecular catalytic assembly line consisting of oligoproline units. We plan to create a platform which will catalyse the synthesis of an oligomeric specie from monomers in solution, however only when its’ single oligoproline components assemble together to create the ‘active form’ of the catalytic system. Successful accomplishment of this task will be a landmark contribution to the fields enantioselective catalysis, supramolecular chemistry and nanotechnology and could lay the foundations for a new class of functional synthetic systems.

Keywords: c141 organic chemistry,c140 supramolecular chemistry,asymmetric catalysis,oligoprolines,c104 molecular architecture and structure
Orientation and disorientation in health and disease (ORIENTATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164378.4
EU funding (EUR): 164378.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Orientation in space, time, and person is the essence of the behaving self, and the bedrock of neurological and psychiatric mental status examination. States of disorientation may be the hallmark manifestation of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite orientation’s central role in health and disease, orientation has almost never been a subject for neuroscientific research. Consequently, there is uncertainty as to the cognitive and clinical meaning of orientation, and its role in the psychopathology of several major neuropsychiatric disorders, such as dissociative disorders, misidentification syndromes, or Alzheimer’s disease and amnesia syndromes. Here we hypothesize that (1) orientation is a distinct cognitive function and that (2) orientations over the different domains and clinical conditions rely on shared psychological and neural mechanisms. We propose to investigate the ability of humans to orient themselves in time, space and person, based on a unified referential system. We will examine whether orientations in the different domains are placed on a common vectorial trajectory, using mental tasks, functional imaging (with new analyses methods as based on machine learning and networks research) and computational neuroscience in healthy individuals and those affected by disorders of disorientation. While presently we do not have any established definition of the role of orientation in central pathologies our results might therefore define the orientation system and its role in neuropsychiatric disorders in which orientation is disturbed. This may be important for the recent challenge of our orientation system by the cyber world, which changes our habitual relations to space, time, and people. Finally, the study results will be used in order to established neuroimaging based tools for diagnosis, monitoring and management of disorientation disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and dissociative disorders.

Keywords: l507 cognition,l508 behavioral neuroscience,l510 neuroimaging and computational neuroscience,l511 neurological disorders
Structural and biophysical characterization of the human mTOR kinase and its signaling complexes (MTOR_COMPLEXES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cell growth and proliferation are fundamental processes whereby organisms accumulate mass and are therefore tightly regulated. Regulation is achieved by a complex network of signaling pathways responding to various environmental cues. A crucial nutrient and energy-sensitive pathway is centered on the Serine/Threonine kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). In the cell, mTOR interacts with several proteins to form two multi-subunit signaling complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 responds to the intracellular energy state reflected in amino acid and oxygen levels and integrates extracellular signals from growth factors to control cell size and proliferation. mTORC2 responds to growth factors and its downstream targets regulate cell survival and cytoskeletal organization. Consequently, deregulation of mTOR signaling is directly linked to human disorders like obesity, type II diabetes or cancer, which makes mTOR a highly relevant pharmaceutical target. Although several aspects of mTOR signaling have been understood, the lack of intermediate to high-resolution structures impairs detailed understanding of complex assembly, function and regulation. We therefore propose to determine the structures of human mTOR complexes and their subunits by X-ray crystallography. The intended research involves initial medium-throughput expression screening of mTORC1/2 subunits in bacterial and insect cells followed by a biophysical characterization of the expressed proteins. Guided by the biophysical analysis, we will establish in vitro reconstitution protocols and identify promising candidate complexes for high-throughput crystallization screening, crystal optimization and structure determination. The structures should provide first insights into the organization of human mTOR (sub)complexes and their subunits. The proposed research will be of high general impact in academic and pharmaceutical research and will therefore significantly strengthen European scientific excellence.

Keywords: metabolism,proliferation,mtor kinase,signal transmission,structural biology,x-ray crystallography,biophysics,protein expression,screening,selection,in vitro reconstitution,complex assembly
Geometry of exceptional Lie algebras à la Tits (GELATI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposal concerns algebraic groups and their associated geometries, in particular those of exceptional type. The main goal of the proposal is to give a uniform axiomatic description of the embeddings in projective space of the varieties occurring in the Freudenthal-Tits magic square. For instance, the second row comprises Severi-Brauer varieties, which have applications in Galois cohomology. Of special interest are the geometries of exceptional Lie type over arbitrary fields, where we would obtain a purely geometric characterization of F4, E6, E7 and E8. In particular this involves a direct construction of the 248-dimensional E8-module. In the spirit of the work of Tits (Abel prize 2008) and Aschbacher (Wolf Prize 2012), there is a nice interaction between geometry and groups. The embeddings (geometry) will provide fruitful information about the subgroup structure of finite simple groups and groups of Lie type over arbitrary fields, and conversely, the expert knowledge of Prof. Liebeck on algebraic groups will help describe the embeddings.

Keywords: exceptional lie group,module,freudenthal-tits magic square
Labour trajectories in UK and Spain. Analysis of capabilities in transitions using a mixed-method approach (TRANSICAP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-13
End date: 2015-05-12
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

European labour markets are undergoing profound changes. Although the mode and extent varies between Member States according to national labour market regulations, there is a general trend towards non-standard forms of employment within the EU. The emergence of non-standard forms of employment is linked to a growing polarisation of wages and income and an expanding low-wage sector in many European countries. Theses tendencies have even been further increased by the effects of economic recession. The project aims to define and characterise trajectories before and after the economic recession of 2007 in Spain and UK. Then the project will investigate transitions between employment situations (with or without unemployment spells) as "potential turning points" that allow identification of the effective capacity for action by the individual and how employment and company policies increase or decrease the real set of options available to the individual. By means of a mixed-method approach that combine quantitative analyisis of trajectories and narrative biographies the main objectives of this proposal are to: - Identify quantitative trajectories based in transitions in UK and Spain. The analysis before and after "economic recession" will allow social and employment profiles to be defined in the two periods and identify main collectives in which economic recession has been a turning point in trajectories. - Analyze in both countries narrative biographies of workers with the social and employment profiles identified in quantitative trajectories to identify the role played by institutional, company and personal resources and conversion factors to increase or not capabilities in transitions. - Identify the main inequality axis regarding the real options for personal and professional path development according to personal objectives in a context of increasing discontinuities.

Keywords: employment,work,social policies,labour trajectories,unemployment,capabilities,narrative bioghraphies,mixed-methods,transitions,training,management
Obesity and gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: the independent and joint roles of dietary phytoestrogens and fibres (OGAPEF)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-24
End date: 2015-06-23
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 231283.2
EU funding (EUR): 231283.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The male predominance of adenocarcinomas in the gastrointestinal tract remains enigmatic. Sex hormonal influence might play a key role in explaining this pattern. Phytoestrogens, the plan derivatives with estrogenic properties, have shown clear anti-carcinogenic effects in vitro and animal studies. Interestingly, phytoestrogens especially lignans (abundant in western diet) are generally found in fibre-rich plant food. Whether phytoestrogens exert an independent effect or play a joint role together with dietary fibre are largely unknown. Phytoestrogens and fibres are both correlated with obesity which indicates a potential interaction. The planning project is to integrate the increasing knowledge of dietary phytoestrogens and fibres with obesity to interpret the gender-specific incidence patterns of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. Two studies using data from EPIC (the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) and one pooled study from several prospective large cohorts in Europe and other countries are planned to achieve the study objectives. Two questions will be examined: 1) how and to what extent phytoestrogens and fibres (dietary measurement using questionnaires and biomarkers) independently or synergistically, interaction with obesity (anthropometric measurements and adipokines) and H.pylori, contribute to the gender specific incidence of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, 2) whether diet, obesity and gut flora or more factors contribute to the abrupt increase of the duodenal adenocarcinoma in the recent decades. The expected results may shed light on the causality of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and facilitate the understanding of independent or synergistic roles of phytoestrogens and fibres interaction with obesity in the cancer etiology and prevention.

Keywords: l709 public health and epidemiology,l710 environment and health risks including radiation,adenocarcinoma,gastrointestinal,phytoestrogens,fibres,obesity,diet pattern,interaction