Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Semantic Spaces, Multilingualism and Diversity in the Law: The Challenge of Legal Knowledge Management within the European Union (LingLaw) (LINGLAW)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 210624.2
EU funding (EUR): 210624.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Within the EU, multilingualism and cultural diversity in the law pose intractable situations. Of course, EU legislation and documents of major importance are translated into the 23 official languages, but the EU legal language and the specific concepts chosen do not always correspond with the respective national legal languages and concepts. 27 Member States interpret the same legal text, each influenced by its own political system, legal tradition, legal language and concepts, and overall legal view. Therefore, EU legislation may be implemented in many different ways. Vice versa, the national law is not translated into the official languages of the EU. Thus, it is very difficult for the EU institutions to compare implementation of EU legislation, or for businesses and citizens to locate relevant cross-national legal information. This study will investigate typical pitfalls of interfacing between different legal systems using the example of the Services Directive 2006/123/EC. The Directive aims to revitalise the single market by facilitating the cross-border provision of services within the EC. The study will focus on Chapter 2 (Administrative Simplification) of the Directive, and its interpretation in Austria, Germany, and Poland. The applicant is Austrian, therefore the Austrian legal drafting guidelines, which contain rules for the transposition of European legal concepts into Austrian legal language, will be critically analysed. Importantly, the study will connect to machine-executable language and draw up the specific requirements in cross-national legal knowledge engineering. Combining methods of comparative law, legal theory, legal informatics and linguistics, the study will contribute to a better understanding of the semantic differences in law, and offer strategies on how to tackle the problem on a theoretical level as well as on the level of knowledge engineering. Legal certainty, accessibility and intelligibility of the law will be the guiding principles.

Keywords: language,multilingualism,linguistics,cultural diversity,semantics,legal informatics,legal knowledge engineering,services directive,european integration,austria,germany,poland
From German Psychology to British Poetics: the Reception of Empirical Psychology and Phrenology in British Literary Culture, 1780-1880 (PSYCHOLOGY & POETICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-07-18
End date: 2013-07-17
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 204892.8
EU funding (EUR): 204892.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This two-year project examines the literary impact of German psychological medicine on British culture from 1780 to 1880 on a multi-disciplinary level. The applicant Dr Monika Class seeks not only to restart her career after a two-year break but to reinforce existing, and acquire new competences through the post-doctoral training provided by King’s College’s Centre for the Humanities and Health in London under the supervision of Dr Neil Vickers. The project will form part of the Centre’s innovative research programme in Medical Humanities designed to bring a variety of Humanities disciplines together to investigate a common set of questions in the sphere of healthcare. The investigation focuses on Karl Philipp Moritz’s empirical psychology and his seminal magazine, which combined aspects of the psychology of language and education, psychotherapy and parapsychology, and the phrenological tradition initiated by Franz Josef Gall and Johann Gaspar Spurzheim – a theory of functional localization in the brain, and a practice of diagnosis by cranial palpation. Building on her doctoral work on German rationalism in Britain (1796 to 1818), the applicant analyses a hitherto underresearched area by tracing Moritz’s and Gall’s reception in the private and public sphere of the period, evaluating patterns of interpretation and adaptation by various British readerships. Drawing on Foucault’s concept of genealogy and its critiques, she analyses the unorthodox nature of both psychologies in terms of their functional affinity to literature. This project will entail a move from Germany to Britain and open up the field of Medical Humanities for the applicant. The fellowship will allow her to produce a monograph that will establish her as a historian of Anglo-German literature and medicine - a milestone in her long-term career plan to become a senior academic, conduct research and teach at third level in Europe, preferably in one of the German, English or Spanish speaking countries.

Keywords: english literature,literary criticism,history of science,history of psychology,empirical psychology,phrenology,british victorian and romantic culture
Lead Optimisation of Novel Androgen Receptor Small Molecule Modulators - Improving Treatment of Prostate Cancer (FBMC2010MDG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Ireland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195310.4
EU funding (EUR): 195310.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the traditional approaches for the treatment of prostate cancer is the administration of steroid-derived Androgen Receptor (AR) antagonists. These treatments show significant side effects due to their high dosing requirements. In a novel intervention approach Molecular Design Group (Trinity College Dublin), has used a variety of computational drug discovery techniques to analyse a recently identified, non-steroid AR protein binding site, termed the activation function 2 (AF2) site. The goal of this proposal is to perform lead optimisation for the development of new drugs that combat prostate cancer in a different way, circumventing the observed resistance. The project will be implemented at Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Ireland's leading research University, supervised by Dr David Lloyd and Dr Darren Fayne, from Molecular Design Group (TCD), on the computational methodologies, Prof Mary Meegan, from the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals Studies (TCD), on the synthetic methodologies and Prof Clive Williams, from the School of Biochemistry and Immunology (TCD) on the biological assays. The responsibilities of the experienced researcher, Dr. Fernando Blanco, within the project will focus on the rational computational design and synthesis of new potential pharmaceuticals, receiving multidisciplinary training combining computational strategies, synthesis and biological assays, as well as other fundamental aspects (managing and administering of a research programme) related to strengthen the abilities of the Dr. Blanco to become a leading independent researcher in the field. The completion of the present project is a major step in the research career of Dr. Blanco to successfully reach a position of professional maturity. In addition, the development of new small molecules to treat prostate cancer and have an impact upon translational research that will lead to clinical applications for cancer treatments is a central priority in Europe.

Keywords: structure-based drug design,ligand-based drug design,novel modulator,prostate cancer,androgen receptor,androgen co-activator
Ion beam techniques for the sub-nanometric characterisation of advanced energy conversion heterostructured materials (IONBEATHETEROMAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201049.6
EU funding (EUR): 201049.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The improvement, discovery or implementation of alternative energy sources represents one of the most dynamic and challenging trends in today´s research with connections to Materials Science, Applied Physics and Engineering, among others. In this context, current developments in high-efficiency energy conversion systems are based in the modification at the atomic level of heterostructured materials to improve the performance of devices such as solid oxide fuel (SOFC) and triple-junction solar cells (TJC). These two highly-engineered technologies demand specific analytical techniques with high spatial resolution to perform a chemical characterization capable of relating their structure and their functionality, particularly at the interfaces. In this project we will apply a novel instrumental configuration that combines surface science and surface analysis to probe materials surfaces and interfaces with unparalleled precision so that we will be able to better understand and optimise the materials we are developing. Two techniques, low energy ion scattering (LEIS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) are the best candidates to face such challenge due to their excellent surface sensitivity and depth resolution. The combined use of these ion beam techniques will provide an understanding of the surface and near surface processes in the latest generations of advanced materials. For this purpose, a deep understanding of the ion-solid interaction fundamentals is required in order to optimise the depth resolution and sensitivity of ToF-SIMS-LEIS to perform the most accurate and reliable analysis of the interfaces and nanometric domains in such heterostructured materials.

Keywords: instrumental techniques,analytical chemistry,ion beam techniques,tof-sims,leis,fib,material science
Spin triplet proximity effect and spin-injection in High Tc superconductor/ferromagnetic hybrids (PIXIE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2013-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 186248.0
EU funding (EUR): 186248.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal is dedicated to hybrid systems combining High-Tc superconductors (HTCS) with (oxide or not) ferromagnets (FM). This project aims at experimentally underpinning the microscopic mechanisms of interaction between HTCS and FM. Our goals are to understand how the d-wave superconductivity of HTCS diffuses into a FM material (in particular to determine if new quantum states such as spin-triplet pairing emerge in the FM), and to characterize spin-polarized quasiparticle transport across HTCS/FM interfaces (to measure the spin diffusion length, and to determine the mechanisms of spin relaxation in HTCS). These objectives are key to understand novel behaviours observed in HCTS/FM hybrids. Aside from the fundamental interest of these issues, the possibility of coupling HTCS across FMs over long distances, and the way the phase of the superconducting wave function evolves as it travels through it, are relevant in view of the realization of HTCS magnetic Josephson junctions and related devices. On the other hand, learning about the effects of spin accumulation and the mechanism of spin diffusion in HTCS may allow enhancing “superconducting spin-switch” effects and help engineering novel magnetoresistive devices based on spin dependent transport in HTCS. This project will be developed at the hosting institution, the Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales which provides with an ideal environment, owing to the gathering of expertises available: know-how on the growth of oxide heterostructures, state-of-art nanolithography and cutting-edge close-field microscopy techniques.

Keywords: superconductors,electronic,magnetic and superconductive properties,nanodevices,experimental physics
Fluid Dynamics and Quantum Gravity (FLUIDGRAVITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IOF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 240072.4
EU funding (EUR): 240072.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Using and combining the experiences and tools from quantum field theory, gravity and fluid dynamics, the goal of this proposal is to address the challenging task of mapping the Navier-Stokes turbulence problem to a general relativity problem. For this we will study fluctuations of certain d-dimensional geometries at a cutoff surface beyond the linear order, and study the map to the nonlinear fluid dynamics. We also aim to contribute further to the development of efficient methods for identifying the regular and stable black hole solutions. A preliminary screening already suggests the existence of a new well-behaved black hole solution, namely a supersymmetric helical black ring, which we want to engineer employing powerful solution generating techniques. Progress along these lines will certainly bring new insights to some of the most exciting and long standing problems in fluid dynamics and gravity

Keywords: physical sciences,quantum mechanics,quantum field theory,relativity,fluid dynamics
Planning under uncertainty for real-world multiagent systems (PURE-MAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-06-01
End date: 2013-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177685.6
EU funding (EUR): 177685.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A major goal of Artificial Intelligence is designing agents: systems that perceive their environment and execute actions. In particular, a fundamental question is how to build intelligent agents. When uncertainty and many agents are involved, this question is particularly challenging, and has not yet been answered in a satisfactory way. The need for scalable and flexible multiagent planning is particularly pressing given that intelligent distributed systems are becoming ubiquitous in society. For instance, autonomous guided vehicles transport cargo and people, inter-vehicle communication allow cars to form vehicular networks, smart grid infrastructure allows consumers to produce and sell electricity, and surveillance cameras provide urban security and safety. In these settings, the controller of the vehicle, the consumers, or the controller of the cameras all need to act in the face of uncertainty. For an agent in isolation, planning under uncertainty has been studied using decision-theoretic models like Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs). Such single-agent, centralized methods clearly do not suffice for large-scale multiagent systems. I focus on multiagent techniques, and I propose to advance the state of the art as follows. First, instead of the rigid history-based plans currently in use, I will develop a flexible plan representation with methods for determining the impact on other agents of updating one agent's plan. Second, I will consider scenarios with self-interested agents, relevant in domains such as smart grids or cars driving on a highway. I will be able to scale up non-cooperative techniques by exploiting local interactions between agents. These advances will be empirically tested in intelligent transportation systems and smart grids. Moving to TU Delft will allow me to learn from their expertise on re-planning, and on planning with self-interested agents, as well as provide unique opportunities for the empirical evaluation.

Keywords: artificial intelligence,intelligent agents,multiagent systems,planning under uncertainty,decentralized pomdps,intelligent transportation systems,smart grid
Optomechanics at the Quantum Level (OQL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 179101.6
EU funding (EUR): 179101.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Optomechanics is one of the most exciting and fastest growing fields in physics today. Through the merging of optical and mechanical systems, optomechanics studies the transfer momentum from a photon to a mechanical object. The idea of this coupling has been around for many years; however, recent advances in high Q optical cavities and nano/micro-fabrication techniques for making high Q mechanical resonators have enabled unprecedented control of meso- and macroscopic mechanical systems with light. Researchers are now entering the realm where quantum mechanical motional effects are observed and studied. Many of the goals of the field such as cooling motion to the ground state and creating non –classical states of motion parallel the successes in controlling the motion of trapped atomic ions. The goals of this project to explore optomechanics at the quantum level are well suited to both Prof. Tobias Kippenberg of the host institute and the applicant Dr. John Jost. Prof. Tobias Kippenberg is one of the leaders in the field of optomechanics, having developed and used an optomechanical system (microtoroids) that incorporates high optical Q whispering gallery modes in a high Q mechanical device. Dr John Jost is an expert in experimental trapped ion atomic physics. As a part of his doctoral research in this area, he employed many of the techniques that this project needs to utilize to successfully study mechanical motion of mesoscopic systems at the quantum level.

Keywords: optomechanics,microresonators,atomic physics,quantum mechanics,experimental physics
28 June 1914: A Day in European History and Memory (28 JUNE 1914)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IIF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-10-03
End date: 2013-10-02
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 264436.8
EU funding (EUR): 264436.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on 28 June 1914, in Sarajevo is universally recognized as the immediate cause of the diplomatic crisis that led directly to the First World War, thus marking the onset of the twentieth century and the decline of European international hegemony. It was also highly predictable, utterly random, and entirely disproportionate to its global cataclysmic consequences. My research project thus treats the Sarajevo assassination as what the historian Pierre Nora calls a “lieu de mémoire,” a site of memory on which to explore how this contradictory past has been re-used, re-interpreted and, even, re-invented through different time frames and in diverse social, cultural, and political contexts. By examining monuments, museums, memoirs, anniversaries, art, textbooks, literature, folklore, film, media, and scholarly writing itself, my work aims to produce a compelling and innovative monograph that explores the manifold ways in which Princip’s act has been conjured and construed since it first entered human consciousness as an event of world historical significance. In particular, the study seeks understanding of how this troubling past has been absorbed and assimilated in different specifically European contexts and, thereby, of “28 June 1914’s” inherent capacity to link the diverse nations and regions of Europe into a “gesamteuropäische Erinnerungskultur,” or European-wide memory culture—a concept which has attracted a great deal of attention from academics and the EU of late, as scholars and others seek to probe the roots and possibilities of pan-European awareness and identity.

Keywords: modern history,balkan studies,austrian studies,humanities,european studies,history,social sciences
Development of New PET tracers for in vivo 5-HT2A and 5-HT7 Brain Imaging (5-HT  RADIOTRACERS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IEF, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 219590.4
EU funding (EUR): 219590.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Disturbances in the serotonin (5-HT) transmitter system are seen in many neuropsychiatric disorders and brain disorders cause approximately one-third of the burden of illness in Europe. The aim of our proposal is to develop tools for in vivo imaging of the human brain with particular focus on the 5-HT7 and the 5-HT2A receptor. Both the 5-HT7 and 5-HT2A receptors are recognised as being involved in the pathophysiology of brain disorders and are also important drug targets. Today, no suitable PET radiotracer exists for 5-HT7 receptor brain imaging, but access to such a radiotracer would enable new groundbreaking discoveries in human brain disorders. It would also allow the pharmaceutical industry to assess their compounds’ blood-brain barrier penetration and receptor occupancy in humans prior to clinical trials and thereby importantly guide the choice of drug dose. With the development of our promising 5-HT2A receptor agonist [11C]Cimbi-36 we will explore the exciting prospects of its ability to image the brain’s own 5-HT release under pharmacological and functional challenges. Our last goal is to develop a general method for 18F-labelling of aromatic rings that could expand the possibilities for 18-F radiolabelling with this longer-lived radioisotope and thereby enable dissemination throughout Europe to complete, e.g., multi-center studies with productions in a few European centres. On a world-wide scale, there is a severe shortage of skilled and experienced PET radiochemists. The steeply increasing numbers of PET centres throughout Europe has generated an urgent and unmet need for the type of cross-disciplinary skills that will be provided through the planned training programme. The project has been initiated and the concepts tested over the last 9 months. This has enabled us to improve the research project further and to develop a pertinent contingency plan. Thus, we find that the timing to carry out the project is just right now.

Keywords: health sciences,radiopharmay,pet,5-ht7,5-ht2a,11c,18f,cimbi,new 18f-fluorination strategy