Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The role of neuronal progenitor cells in axolotl spinal cord regeneration (REGENERATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2010-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168116.29
EU funding (EUR): 168116.29
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During spinal cord regeneration in the axolotl, it has been shown that all of the neurons in the regenerate derive from cells near the site of amputation. It is unknown whether the new neurons derive from a population of multipotent progenitor cells in the mature tissue, or whether committed neuronal progenitors also contribute. Focusing on committed neuronal progenitors expressing the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of proneural transcription factors, I will identify the expression patterns of these proteins in the developing, mature, and regenerating spinal cord and determine whether a population of committed neural progenitors persists in the adult axolotl tissue. Using a Cre/loxP reporter system to permanently label bHLH-expressing cells, I will track the fates of these cells during normal development and regeneration. This technique will also allow me to determine whether spinal cord regeneration involves de-differentiation of committed neuronal progenitors to a more embryonic-like state. Transplantation of labeled cells will allow me to determine whether positional cues direct the fate of a committed progenitor, or whether expression of specific bHLH proteins is itself enough to determine the fate of the cell. These experiments will provide a foundation for future experiments to identify the signaling molecules that induce progenitor cells to proliferate and regenerate the spinal cord after injury.

Keywords: regeneration,spinal cord,axolotl,de-diffferentiation,bhlh
Integral leadership and communication in non-profit organisations (INTER-COM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-09-23
End date: 2011-09-22
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169998.76
EU funding (EUR): 169998.76
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Leadership and communication process become increasingly important in organisations. Specific developments like budget cutting, deregulation, marketisation or privatisation of non-profit services and changing public policies exert an increasing influence particularly on non-profit organisations. A large amount of studies has shown the impact of both leading and communicating in this context. However there exists no comprehensive integral model and corresponding empirical research on the linkage between leadership and communication in non-profit organisations. The objective of this project is to construct such a model and to investigate empirically the relationship between leadership and communication in non-profit organisations in Germany and Switzerland. To achieve this objective, the project will: (1) start from existing theories with an inter- and transdisciplinary approach, developing an integral framework and research design as well methodology, rendering describable key variables, and moderating factors as well as problem areas and barriers of leadership and communication practices. (2) deduce hypotheses from theoretical propositions and the integral framework, considering subjective, inter-subjective and objective levels, that are covering specifically the interconnected processes of intentional, emotional and behavioural as well as socio-cultural and structural domains of leadership and communication. (3) test the hypotheses and validity of the integral model empirically in concrete context of German and Swiss non-profit organisation, including a comparative analysis. (4) derive theoretical and practical implications as well as societal relevant policies for an effective leadership and communication as well as corresponding organisational learning. The implications include also suggestions for an European oriented leadership and communication development in non-profit organisations.

Keywords: management studies,organizational science,leadership,communication,non-profit-organisation,integral,social sciences
Dissecting pathogen recognition complexes of Toll-like receptors: hunting for new co-receptors and ligands (TOLLICOR)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2010-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 167960.25
EU funding (EUR): 167960.25
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are trans-membrane proteins that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and subsequently induce an intracellular signaling cascade that triggers the activation of transcription factors which initiate the expression of host defense proteins. Ten human, structurally highly conserved TLRs have been identified and assigned to structurally very dissimilar ligands. The complexity of a PAMP-TLR interface is best understood for the recognition of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by a LBP-Cd14,TLR4-Md2 receptor complex. The central hypothesis of this project is that many further ligand specific co-receptors and co-ligands remain to be discovered. I propose to systematically search for endosomal TLR receptor complexes required for the innate immune response to viral infection. Therefore, an interdisciplinary strategy combining molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry and proteomics will be employed. Recombinant ectodomains will be purified and used for monoclonal antibody production and affinity chromatography with macrophage lysates to fish cellular binding proteins. Following pre-enrichment of endosomes, endogenous TLRs will be immunoprecipitated from macrophages. Moreover, ligand affinity chromatography based proteomics using synthetic analogues like Poly(I:C) or the small compound imiquimod and tandem affinity purification of TLRs provide additional methods for complex purifications. Following identification of complexes by mass spectrometry, interactors will be validated and further characterized using cell biological, biochemical and immunological methods. This project will help to understand the process of viral pathogen recognition by the innate immune system and can provide novel drug targets for the tuning of innate immune response.

Keywords: cell biology,molecular biology,immunology,innate immunity,toll-like receptor,biochemistry
Between non-criticality and non-linearity (NUNC EST VACUUM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2010-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 153777.73
EU funding (EUR): 153777.73
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

One of the central tasks of fundamental physics is to derive an effective description at low energy from a more fundamental theory. In particular, superstring theory includes a large number of aspects of particle physics and general relativity. In this context, one of the key points is the mechanism of supersymmetry breaking. Its effective description contains important conceptual and phenomenological difficulties. That’s why we propose to consider the effective action and vacuum structure of non-supersymmetric orientifold compactifications of Type IIB string theory. Two essential features appear when supersymmetry is broken on configurations of branes. A dilaton tadpole is generated and the broken supersymmetry is realized on the world-volume of the branes in a non-linear way. This non-linear supersymmetry provides a very powerful tool for computing the off-shell brane effective action. We propose in particular to use it in order to explore the Kahler potential of matter fields beyond its quadratic approximation. This will allow us to better understand the field redefinition and the mass spectrum of these chiral fields. A second essential step toward a better understanding of vacua with broken supersymmetry is the stabilization of the dilaton. Indeed, the presence of a dilaton tadpole on the disk indicates an instability. We analyze its resolution by considering non-critical backgrounds. Using exact boundary conformal field theory methods, we propose to compute in details the sphere and disk contributions to the scalar potential. They arise respectively from the effective central charge and from supersymmetry breaking terms. Evidences for the existence of non-supersymmetric vacua at a perturbative regime will then be studied. These two complementary approaches will then enable us to propose stable non-supersymmetric branes constructions reproducing the basic features of the standard model of particle physics.

Keywords: physical sciences
Jaws emerge: Insight from placoderms to resolve the evolutionary emergence of gnathostomes (JAWS EMERGE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177740.04
EU funding (EUR): 177740.04
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The origin of jawed vertebrates represents one of the most dramatic changes in anatomy and genetics in animal evolutionary history, and it is the episode on which the whole of vertebrate biodiversity is now based. It is widely thought to have resulted from an adaptive radiation, predicated on the key innovations of teeth and jaws, allowing jawed vertebrates to feed in ways that none had done before. However, this entire thesis is now in disarray because of the discovery that teeth and jaws did not evolve in concert, and evolutionary implications of this thesis, in terms of scenarios of the emergence of jawed vertebrates, remain unconsidered, not least because we know so little about feeding ecology in the jawed but toothless placoderms. This proposal will combine the candidate fellow, who is an expert in placoderm anatomy, with the host organisation, which has state of the art expertise, techniques and methodologies that will allow us to better understand the ecology and feeding strategies adopted by these early jawed vertebrates. The programme of research will be focussed on the placoderm Bothriolepis. X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (XTM) will be used to obtain 3D digital models of cephalothorax and jaws. Competing hypotheses for the function of the growing cephalothoracic skeleton will be tested using Computed Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modelling (hydrodynamics), validated in wind tunnel experiments, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) (protection versus locomotion). Function of the jaws will also be tested using FEA, validated using microwear data. Constraints will be considered within an interrogative geometric morphometric framework that interfaces with FEA and CFD. XTM data will also be used to test hypotheses on the homology of tooth and jaw development in these earliest jawed vertebrates. Finally, a limited comparative study will be undertaken on a distant placoderm relative to determine the generality of the results of these experiments.

Keywords: natural sciences,palaeontology,placoderms,biomechanics,jaw evolution,jaw development,fea,microwear
Work stress, well-being, and intention to leave the profession: comparison between European and Chinese nurses (NEXT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 151663.92
EU funding (EUR): 151663.92
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The nurse shortage is an international issue. In USA more than one million new nurses will be needed by the year 2010; and most European countries are in need for large quantity of nurses, too. However, the nurse shortage happens not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries, such as in China. According to the World Health Report 2006 – WHO, the density of nurses per 1000 in China was only 1.06 (ranking 133 out of 191 countries) while the average was 4.06 in the world. In addition, the international East-West migration of nurses makes the situation worse in the less developed and developing countries. On the other hand, the premature departure increases the loss of nursing staff. What makes the nurses want to leave their profession? The EU-funded NEXT (nurses' early exit) -Study is investigating the reasons, circumstances and consequences surrounding premature departure from the nursing profession, which has been conducted in 11 European countries in recent years. The findings indicate that stressful psychosocial work characteristics and health reasons are the main causes of premature departure in nurses. Since 2006, a research team from China has collaborated with the European NEXT-Study group to examine the association among work stress, well-being, and intention to leave the profession in Chinese nurses. It is of interest to apply the well-established theories and knowledge from Europe into China in the research field of nursing science, occupational health psychology, medical sociology, and epidemiology. This proposed research is the NEXT follow up project to compare the data between European and Chinese nurses. The comparison would be helpful for the exploring the divergence and concordance of professional withdrawal behaviour in different populations, and would also lead to policy implications of intervention and would improve the development of nursing workforce both in Europe and China.

Keywords: work stress,health,leaving nursing,comparison,work stress models,public health,social medicine,epidemiology,occupational health,sociology of labour,social psychology,behavioural sciences
Deciphering the role of chromatin in epidermal stem cell biology (CHROMATIN IN SKIN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2010-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 177173.03
EU funding (EUR): 177173.03
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The skin is a multi-layered epithelium consisting of interfollicular epidermis (IFE), hair follicles (HF), sebaceous glands (SG) and apocrine (sweat) glands. Continuous shedding of terminally differentiated keratinocytes necessitates constant regeneration to ensure tissue homeostasis. This depends on the epidermal stem cell compartment located on top of the basement membrane. Several of the signaling pathways involved in this process are known (e.g. Myc, Wnt, Rac1, Notch, and EGFR) and under investigation. Commonly, the end-point of signaling pathways is regulation of transcription. In the cell, transcription takes place in a chromatin context and requires modification of the histones. However, the role of these modifications in epidermal stem cell maintenance and differentiation remains poorly understood. The proposed work aims to provide novel insights into the function of chromatin in these processes. Human epidermal stem cells are easily obtained and retain their ability to terminally differentiate in vitro upon certain stimuli, as determined by involucrin expression. Making use of sh/siRNA mediated knock-down, factors involved in regulation of chromatin will be tested for their role in epidermal stem cell differentiation. Interestingly, recent work of the Watt laboratory showed that Myc-induced differentiation involves histone acetylation. A second of research will be aimed at identifying the gene-expression programs underlying lineage commitment. Recent advances have been made in the Watt laboratory to differentiate human sebocytes into either IFE or SG. This system will be subjected to gene expression profiling to uncover the determinants of commitment to either lineage. In addition, RNAi based screens for chromatin factors involved in this process will be initiated. Finally the role of the identified chromatin factors in the formation of epidermal benign and neoplastic anomalies will be investigated using established in vivo murine-based approaches

Keywords: chromatin,stem cell biology,skin,genomics,rnai,cancer
Proteomics of the trans-Golgi network in Arabidopsis thaliana using immunoisolation as a means of organelle purification (TGNPROTEOMICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-07-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 209175.09
EU funding (EUR): 209175.09
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposal is to identify novel proteins in the Arabidopsis thaliana trans-Golgi network (TGN). This organelle is poorly characterised, yet is known to play an important role in sorting and forward transport of proteins leaving the Golgi apparatus, but also in retrograde transport and endocytosis. The knowledge generated in this project will help understanding cellular transport in plants, which, in the long term, will facilitate crop improvement in Europe. This proposal involves the development of a purification strategy for TGN membranes that can also be applied to isolate other compartments from plants. The TGN membranes will be purified from a line expressing a GFP fusion of the TGN-specific H+-ATPase subunit VHA-a1 (VHA-a1-GFP) throughout the plant. A TGN-enriched fraction will be obtained by density centrifugation of a complete lysate and this fraction will be used to immuno-purify TGN membranes using GFP antibodies immobilised on magnetic beads. The peptide content of the purified TGN will be determined by LC-MS/MS. The most interesting proteins will be selected for further characterisation using confocal microscopy, yeast two-hybrid analysis and reverse genetics approaches. The proposed work will be carried out in the laboratory of Professor Møller at the University of Stavanger in Norway. It will also form part of a recently established Centre for Organelle Research (CORE), which is an international research centre with seven research groups focusing on organelle biology. The centre includes a protein laboratory with highly advanced equipment operated by experienced staff. The applicant is a plant molecular biologist with four years of experience as post-doctoral researcher who has worked on Golgi and TGN proteins over the last three years. Using a multi-disciplinary approach this project with accompanying training programme ensures that she will be able to acquire a wide range of new technical and complementary skills.

Keywords: proteomics,arabidopsis,immunoisolation,trans-golgi network,endomembrane
Planets Revealed Around Cool Stars (PRACS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-04-01
End date: 2010-03-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 164061.03
EU funding (EUR): 164061.03
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal will bring the Spanish IEF from the USA to the UK to work on a project whose primary goal is to directly image extra-solar planets for the very first time. The project is leading the way with this aim, by identifying young nearby cool stars (late M and L dwarfs) in kinematically distinct "moving groups". The proximity, youth, and intrinsic faintness of these populations make them the best targets for planet imaging using new cutting edge adaptive optics (AO) techniques. This exciting new sample will allow Jupiter mass planets to be detected at 1AU separation (earth-Sun distance) from their host stars. The programme has alread been awarded substantial amounts of high priority observations on large telescopes, so it is ready to move forward. By employing the latest AO, and also new infrared radial velocity instrumentation (being developed by members of the supervisory team), the project also aims to reveal multiple planetary systems around cool stars, and revolutionise current understanding of planets beyond the solar system.

Keywords: physical sciences
Constituent political cultures of Europe (CPCE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-02-11
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 235103.34
EU funding (EUR): 235103.34
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

CPCE provides a first systematic mapping of the multiple and overlapping political cultures in Europe. It will locate the constituent regional and sub-state political cultures in 18 Western European states, clarify the socialization processes that set these two types of cultures apart, develop indicators for predicting the presence of constituent cultures and last, identify their impact on individuals and regions. To accomplish these tasks I explore existing cross-national surveys of attitudes and behaviours (namely the European Social Survey) and build three aggregate-level datasets from publicly-available data. Political culture in Europe has been the focus of intense interest recently as scholars ask whether a pan-European set of identities and attitudes are developing in line with enhanced institutional integration (Sturm and Dieringer 2005; Mair 2004; Reinhard 2001; Fossum 2001; Mamadouh 1999; Eatwell 1997; Leonard 1993; Smith 1993). CPCE offers a radically different perspective. It grounds a European political culture in the interaction of multiple constituent political cultures that are generated by demographic and institutional variation at the regional level. Drawing on grid/group theory CPCE sees in regions the building blocks of any state (and any eventual supra-state) political culture. CPCE advances the European research agenda by re-framing the debate on the existence and composition of a European political culture. It distinguishes between two types of constituent cultures (regional versus sub-state) and argues that each offers distinct socialization routes for citizens. It develops new indicators to locate political cultures and measure their impact on individuals and regions. To research on social inclusion, multiculturalism, citizenship, regionalism and economic geography it offers new variables to include when seeking to explain individual-level attitudes and regional competitiveness.

Keywords: political sciences,regional studies,research networking