Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The role of bHLH transcription factors during embryo root initiation (BHLH-NETWORKS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2013-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 160748.8
EU funding (EUR): 160748.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the primary root is initiated during early embryogenesis by the specification of a single extra-embryonic suspensor cell as hypophysis. This root founder cell divides asymmetrically and generates the quiescent centre, the future organizer cells in the root apical meristem. Specification of the hypophysis critically depends on the activity of the MONOPTEROS (MP) protein. In micro-array experiments to identify genes that are controlled by MP during root initiation, the host group found a strong enrichment (10-fold) of basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factors. Out of a total of 8 MP-dependent bHLH genes, two were further characterized and both show MP-dependent expression in the embryo at stages or in cells relevant to primary root initiation. These genes were named TARGET OF MONOPTEROS (TOM) 5 and 7. The identification of the TOM5 and 7 transcription factors as biologically relevant targets of the important root regulator MONOPTEROS provides a unique entry into uncovering the transcriptional networks that govern cell-cell communication and cell fate specification in the embryo. While the function of TOM5 and 7 has been established in root initiation, their mechanisms of action are completely unknown. Furthermore, as single mutants do not have strong mp-like defects, the process likely involves redundant bHLH functions. In this project, I propose to study the role and detailed mechanism of action of bHLH family members in MP-dependent root initiation using a wide range of multi-disciplinary techniques, either familiar to me by my previous research or well established in the host group. On one hand this will involve detailed mechanistic action of TOM5 and TOM7; identifying the interaction partners of TOM7 and determining the downstream genes that are controlled by TOM5 and TOM7. On the other hand I will identify novel and redundant bHLH factors involved in the process of root initiation during early embryogenesis.

Keywords: plant development,genomics,proteomics,plant biotechnology
GRANARIES AND WAREHOUSES IN NORTH AFRICA AND EGYPT DURING THE ROMAN AGE. TYPOLOGY, BUILDING TECHNIQUES, FUNCTION, PRODUCTIVE CONTEXT. (GRAWINAE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 222230.4
EU funding (EUR): 222230.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The present project aims at presenting an interdisciplinary way of looking at the history of the African grain in Roman age, in particular from the 1st century BC to the 5th century AD, starting from the data that can be found at archaeological level. The project of starting a new research arises from the lack of a comprehensive study, sufficiently updated and complete, considered all noticeable evidence emerged from the excavations of the past forty years. The present study intends to develop and to deeply investigate grain provision in the Roman provinces of the Mediterranean coasts/shores in North Africa (actual Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt), shifting the perspective to the study of granaries as containers, to their technological aspects and productive contexts. The matter of this project will be techniques of construction, interior arrangement/layout, storage system, evaluation of thermo-igrometric conditions, grain species, climatic conditions, lithology and pedology of the soils. Where were the store buildings located? Who built them and which were the architectures and techniques used? How were the seeds preserved? How was the production organized? Which were the best soils? Which were the cultivated species? The innovation of the project consists in using different methodologies: archaeological investigation; stratigraphic analysis and application technologies; geophysical prospection (magnetic method); use of the custom-made softwares to calculate storage capacity of the building and to evaluation of thermo-igrometric conditions. During the project will be carried out the geoarchaeological study (paleo-environmental conditions of the site, dynamics and the evolution of soils) and the anthropological investigation of traditional storage system. Another important aspect of this project is to understand the grain commerce that was developed at regional level and at a long distance level.

Keywords: archaeology,granaries,grain supply,roman north africa,roman egypt,pedology,climate,geoarchaeology,geophisical prospection,virtual 3d,storage system,ancient economy,transport,trade,anthropology
Catalytic and mechanistic studies of Organometallic reactions in water: focus on alkylation processes (AQUAMEC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172740.8
EU funding (EUR): 172740.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recently, concerns over hazardous waste generated during catalytic reactions and separation of products from catalyst increasingly led to the development of systems that employ water as solvent. An understanding of the specific mechanisms in water is required, however, for a rational optimization of processes. Pd-catalyzed allylation has played a major role in the evolution of synthetic catalysts for asymmetric C-C bond-forming reactions in organic solvent. However, whilst ligands are exceptionally selective, its mode of asymmetric induction has remained very much a &apos;black-box&apos;. We propose to exploit the key interactions and how water could change the critical step of the reaction in classical organic solvents. Through the systematic study of structure-selectivity relationships, single crystal X-ray analysis, NMR spectroscopy of intermediates and Kinetic studies, the Fellow will study the asymmetric allylic alkylation reactions in aqueous medium, acquiring new competencies in the areas of physical organic chemistry, mechanistic aspects of catalysis, isotopic labelling, high field multinuclear (dynamic) NMR, and reaction kinetics. We will study as the enantioselectivity of asymmetric carbonylations could be controlled. Moreover, we want to understand the different behaviour of Pt catalyst in allylation reaction. Undertaking the project at the Community level will be very beneficial in three senses. Firstly, research and publications in mechanistic and synthetic aspects of asymmetric catalysis will strongly raise the profile of an area in which Europe lags substantially behind, as compared to the USA and Japan; secondly it will ensure that the Fellow&apos;s skills in aqueous chemistry will be retained in Europe and will be transferred to the host group. Finally, an excellent postdoctoral experience in a prime European university will actively encourage the Fellow to stay within Europe upon completion.

Keywords: water,homogeneous catalysis,organometallic chemistry,mechanistic studies
Rhodium-Catalysed Ynamide Carbometallation for Stereoselective Synthesis (RCYCSS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-11-08
End date: 2012-11-07
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181103.2
EU funding (EUR): 181103.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Enamides are compounds that contain a carbon-carbon double bond attached to a nitrogen atom that is itself bonded to an electron-withdrawing functional group. Enamides have recently emerged as versatile synthetic intermediates for a range of useful chemical reactions. However, the synthesis of highly substituted enamides in a fully controlled fashion is often highly challenging, and this limitation hampers full exploration of their chemistry. The proposed research is aimed at the development of a recently discovered reaction that enables the controlled synthesis of highly substituted enamides. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions, and employs a commercially available rhodium complex as a precatalyst along with organozinc compounds as organometallic reagents. A reasonably wide range of enamides can be accessed using this chemistry, and preliminary investigations suggest that these new compounds display useful reactivities in a variety of reactions. However, much more work is required to fully develop the scope of both the enamide synthesis itself, and of the synthetic applications of the enamide products. These objectives are at the heart of this proposal. This project will enhance EU scientific excellence, and will provide a coherent framework for the training of a highly talented scientist, equipping them with the skills required for an independent research career.

Keywords: organic chemistry,organometallic chemistry,homogeneous catalysis,stereoselective synthesis,heterocyclic chemistry
A world of villages: dispersed settlement and colonial expansion in Central-Southern Italy under the Roman Republic (c. 4th-2nd centuries BC) (WORLDVIL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-05-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 180103.2
EU funding (EUR): 180103.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project explores the role of non-urban settlements in Roman colonial expansion in the formative phase of the Roman empire (4th-2nd centuries BC). It challenges the traditional, urban model of Roman colonies by proposing instead a distinctive, non-urban settlement organization, within which clustered sites such as villages played key-roles. Detection and analysis of such settlements have until now been minimal due to scholarly biases. Investigating the non-urban nature of colonial settlement organization is therefore a major challenge for current scholarship, and constitutes a key step for advancing the field. With an innovative approach and applying state-of-the-art science-based methods, this project investigates the non-urban settlement organization of colonies and its alleged distinctiveness in comparison to native society. This is done by 1) analyzing existing archaeological datasets of early colonial territories and comparing them to contingent non-colonial areas and 2) targeted fieldwork in selected key-sites in Central-Southern Italy. To this end, use will be made of the non-intrusive techniques of intensive field-survey, remote sensing and geophysical prospection. The project has the potential to change current thinking on colonial contacts and the underlying power relations profoundly: it not only breaks down the present dichotomy between ‘Roman-urban’ and ‘native-non-urban’ models, but may ultimately lead us to rethink the common association of imperial success with urbanism. Embedding the project in the Department of Archaeology of the University of Glasgow enables the researcher to receive high-quality training in the application of the science-based prospection techniques. Moreover, the world-leading position of the Department in theoretical research on colonisation and colonialism in antiquity allows the researcher to position his research effectively in the current international debate on the origins of Western colonisation and colonialism.

Keywords: humanities,archaeology,colonisation,settlement patterns,roman republic
WELFARE UNBOUND. THE CASE OF URBAN POLICIES AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING: FROM CHICAGO TO SICILY (UNBOUND23)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2011-08-15
End date: 2013-11-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 149975.0
EU funding (EUR): 149975.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The urban treatment of human trafficking as “public problem” represents an emblematic policy case to explore the controversies of the new “European spatial politics of social protection”. Cities emerge as spaces of “unbounding” by which practices of internationalization of welfare delegitimize national “law enforcement” boundaries. “Policy entrepreneurs” – governmental, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, faith organizations, unions, etc - working against human trafficking within the framework of “internationalization”, challenge conventional ways by which we are accostumed to think about the “public” and democracy. The comparison between two urban initiatives in USA And EU intends to highlight the times, the contents and the modalities by which coalitions of “policy entrepreneurs” integrate welfare and security policies against human trafficking and make different trade-off between standardization and innovation emerge. Relevance of the project (1) To enrich the debate on the formation of a European social solidarity model overcoming the relationship citizenship/sovereignty/territorialiy; (2) to improve policymaking and urban research. Objectives (1) to detect intersectoral effects of targeted actions on vulnerable groups and the different forms of enactment of actors and resources by which the problem is treated as “local”; (2) to define and transfer integrated knowledge frameworks on the regional effects of the internationalisation of welfare, and thereby, on the changing nature of the “public” of social policy; (c) to develop a frontier-research profile capable of encouraging innovation and regional cooperation as well as producing innovative “transdisciplinary” arrays of knowledge on “cities” and “territories”, beyond conventional approaches based on the dualism urban(place)/social (people). Research methodology Comparative case study; Ethnography, Direct Participant Observation and complementary qualitative tools

Keywords: urban policy,social policy,welfare policy,security policy,migration policy,research methodology,case study,ethnography,urban change,governance and local democracy
Priming for L-dopa-induced dyskinesia and neurotransmitter receptor trafficking dysregulation in parkinsonism (PRIMLID)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 15.0
Total project cost (EUR): 165145.6
EU funding (EUR): 165145.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) severely limits the usability of L-dopa in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and a treatment is needed to improve their quality of life. The project aims at elucidating the “priming” phenomenon in PD, i.e. the unchangeable modification of brain response to dopamine (DA), that leads to the development of LID. We will investigate the role of neurotransmitter receptor homologous desensitization and its consequences upon main intracellular signalling cascades, i.e. the canonical pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade (MAPK) through activation of different scaffolds, in various experimental models: namely an in vitro nigrostriatal slice model, the rat model of abnormal involuntary movements and the non-human primate model of LID. The program aims at elucidating the priming pathophysiology onto which we would then develop proof-of-concepts treatment approaches using TAT-peptides specific of the different docking domains of ERK1/2 for discriminating between the cytosolic and nuclear effects of this cascade. SA1: To be continued throughout the project for producing the in vitro parasagittal nigrostriatal slice culture model and the rat experimental model. Tissus from non-human primates are already available. SA 2: Real-time study of DA and mGlu receptor trafficking using quantum dot imaging on primary striatal cultures. SA3: Time course of subcellular trafficking of DA and mGluR receptors, of the protein machinery of homologous desensitization (GRK/arrestin) in DA-depleted cultures/brains that have never been in contact with a dopamimetic (immunohistochemistry – light, deconvolution of fluorescence, electron microscopy – subcellular fractionation). SA5: Behavioral impact of specific blockade of cytosolic vs. nuclear targets of ERK1/2 using TAT peptides functional antagonists of the ERK1/2 docking domains– role in priming and dyskinesia manifestations –behavior, stereotactic surgery – functional anatomy)

Keywords: neurobiology,parkinson's disease,dyskinesia,receptor trafficking,real-time imaging,signaling cascades,bahaviour
Pedestrian pre-crash reactions and their effects on crash outcomes (PEDPCREACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IIF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 166645.6
EU funding (EUR): 166645.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Under perceived risk such as an imminent pedestrian accident, basic human survival instinct can result in sudden involuntary reactions which eventually affect muscle activity, posture and location just before and during the pedestrian impact. Consequently, pedestrian kinematics, kinetics and injuries could differ from that of predicted using passive human surrogates such as cadaver, dummy or passive numerical models. This could have multiple consequences as the procedures currently used to design and evaluate the performance of safety systems are based on such passive responses. For example, it could lead to complete failure of a safety system due to an inadequate posture or to underestimation of an injury risk in lack of additional muscle forces. Furthermore, increase in frailty, functional disorders and decline in visual, cognitive, sensory and reactive abilities with aging could affect these reactions. This could be important to consider as the elder population is significant portion of pedestrian fatalities. Thus the objectives of this project are to investigate: (1) Is reaction of a subject placed in pedestrian accident situation able to modify the outcome of accident in terms of kinematics and injury risk? (2) Are age related changes in reaction behaviour (i.e. reaction time and muscle force capacity) important to consider in this context? This project will be separated in two major tasks i.e. experiment and computer simulations. Tests will be performed with human volunteers of two different age groups (elderly and young). Their postural and muscular reactions to sudden audio-visual perturbations will be captured. Tests will be done in a controlled lab setting using non-impacting simplified setups to avoid risk to volunteer. Test results will then be used as initial conditions for vehicle-pedestrian impact simulations. Multibody or finite element models will be used. Simulation results will be analysed to evaluate the effects of reactions on the crash outcomes

Keywords: muscle system,skeletal system,physiology,neurophysiology,3 d modelling,audiovisual communication,mechanical engineering,road transport technology,safety technology
Adaptive strategies for mate choice and aggression in the face of uncertainty (ADAPTING2UNCERTAINTY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF, 2009)
Start date: 2010-06-01
End date: 2012-11-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199047.75
EU funding (EUR): 199047.75
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

BACKGROUND In interactive contexts (e.g. mate choice, aggression), individuals face a great deal of uncertainty over the behaviour of others. This makes decision-making difficult, because the best thing to do depends critically on the make-up of the social environment and the strategies others adopt. Current theory is poorly equipped to deal with these decisions because it typically assumes that individuals have perfect knowledge of the situation in which they find themselves, including the states of others with whom they interact. OBJECTIVES My project will investigate the evolution of behavioural strategies for dealing with uncertainty, focusing on aggression and mate choice. This will require an interdisciplinary approach, integrating economic concepts traditionally used in behavioural ecology with a more psychological perspective. STRATEGY To achieve this goal I will combine theory with empirical work and collaborate with world-leading researchers with the relevant expertise. In the outgoing phase, I will study aggressive behaviour in real animals to test novel predictions of my earlier models on uncertainty, running tests on captive zebra finches and examining patterns of aggression in data from humans. In the return phase, I will develop new models of mating behaviour that explicitly consider the uncertainty inherent in systems of mutual choice, using a Bayesian approach. RELEVANCE The project will considerably enhance my international, interdisciplinary research experience and train me specifically in the use of longitudinal databases for understanding behavioural development. With expert mentoring and a Personal Career Development Plan, this new knowledge and training will boost my professional development as an independent research scientist. At the same time, by testing key predictions from recent theory and developing new models of behaviour under uncertainty, the project has the potential to make an important contribution to EU scientific excellence.

Keywords: evolutionary biology,behavioural biology,developmental psychology,animal ethology,human ethology