Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Nice but incompetent? The eldery stereotype in Europe (ELDERLY STEREOTYPES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Europe’s constantly ageing population posits a number of challenges for the European Community. One of the main issues lies in shedding age discrimination that prevents the social inclusion of older people in society. A first step in doing so is to identify negative stereotypes and to uncover the mechanisms that lead to them. Past research has focused solely on psychological factors neglecting the societal context. Hence, the proposed research aims to fill this important gap by investigating the joint impact of societal and psychological variables on shaping age stereotypes and ageism. For this purpose, an explanatory model is developed and tested in a series of four cross-cultural studies. In the first phase of the project (Study 1 and 2) secondary data from the Ageism module in the European Social Survey will be analyzed. Data are available from more than 50,000 individuals coming from 28 countries in Europe. An explanatory model will be tested with the use of multilevel structural equation modeling that allows examining psychological and societal predictors simultaneously. Study 1 will focus on younger and middle-aged people’s attitudes towards the elderly by examining outcome variables such as prejudice and intergenerational contact. Study 2 will concentrate on the elderly and investigate outcome variables such as experiences of ageism and subjective well-being. In the second phase of the project, a systematic cross-cultural survey will be constructed to further investigate the impact of different societal stereotypes on real-life issues that were not assessed in the ESS. In Study 3, 400 older people from four countries will be surveyed and among others their self-esteem and willingness to engage in voluntary work will be assessed. Study 4 is a quasi-experimental field study that will be conducted in two countries. We will observe to what extent negative age stereotypes are translated into ageist behavior.

Keywords: social sciences,ageism,stereotypes of the elderly,cross-cultural comparisons,macro- and micro-level predictors,multilevel structural equation modeling
Geochemical study of hydrated and dehydrated ultramafic rocks from the Cerro del Almirez (southern Spain): implications for element mobilization in subduction zones and the composition of arc magmas (EMAS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-01-09
End date: 2014-01-08
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In subduction zones, chemical elements are transferred between different reservoirs of the Earth (i.e., the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the lithosphere and the asthenosphere) and important amounts of magmas are generated. Reactions involving volatiles are fundamental in mobilizing elements in subduction zones and they significantly influence the composition of the associated arc magmas, which show a characteristic enrichment in Large-Ion Lithophile Elements relative to the High-Field Strength Elements. There is an increasing agreement that one of the most important reactions that generates fluids in subduction zones and triggers the arc magmatism is the dehydration of antigorite serpentinite to prograde chlorite harzburgite. Here, I propose to carry out a detailed geochemical study of the ultramafic rocks from the Cerro del Almirez (southern Spain), which is the only natural example worldwide preserving the high-pressure dehydration of antigorite-serpentinite into prograde peridotite. Major, trace element and radiogenic isotopic analyses of whole-rocks and minerals from samples located across the serpentinite-harzburgite transition will be performed. This study will provide new insight into how lithophile and siderophile elements behave during the dehydration of serpentinite, how they are transferred between the different components of the subduction zone and how they influence the composition of the slab-derived fluids and arc magmas. This project will contribute to the transfer of knowledge of cutting-edge techniques on isotope analysis and to increase the international leadership of the host in the geochemistry of subduction zones, concurrently strengthening its cooperation with internationally-reputed European centres in Earth Sciences. The award of this reintegration grant will permit to reinforce my personal skills in analytical and theoretical geochemistry and will be fundamental for obtaining a permanent position as a research scientist at the host.

Keywords: antigorite serpentinite,dehydration reactions,fluid,mantle,radiogenic isotopes,subduction,trace elements,arc magmas,cerro del almirez,chlorite harzburgite
Relevance of accounting information for corporate debt financing (CUBE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-04-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 37500.0
EU funding (EUR): 37500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

From 2005 the EU requires publicly listed companies to prepare financial statements based on IFRS instead of national accounting rules (EC No. 1606/2002). Regulators have suggested that harmonisation of financial reporting should bring benefits to companies and their capital providers which would in turn improve the efficiency of the European financial markets significantly. However, it is possible that these expectations are not borne out. Furthermore, in the aftermath of the recent financial crisis, IFRS regulation experienced significant changes, in particular with respect to fair value accounting. These arguments create a strong rationale for conducting the research outlined in this proposal. The objective of proposed research is to examine the financial statements effects of accounting regulation changes from the debt holders' perspective. While existing research mainly examines the implications of regulation changes for the equity markets, there is little evidence from the debt markets and the project attempts to fill this gap. The research will undertake a comprehensive analysis and develop understanding of the relevance of accounting information for corporate debt financing. It will be investigating how financial reporting as an information device can change the debt market infrastructure. Findings will be valuable in helping policy makers, regulators and practitioners to learn and adapt, and thus support the development of a more efficient EU economy. Since accounting and financial reporting are multi-disciplinary phenomena, accounting regulation is merely one part of a complex equilibrium. As a result, this research proposal will promote empirical financial reporting research by integrating multi-disciplinary theory and empirical methods from accounting and related disciplines including finance, economics and law. The project will give high priority to dissemination of research to and receipt of feedback from academic, policy and practice communities.

Keywords: private investment,financial management,business analysis,financial science,valuation
Defining the molecular mechanisms of fibroblast-mediated inflammation and its role in cancer progression and metastasis (CAF AND INFLAMMATION)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality in women in the western world and inflammation is correlated with bad prognosis in breast cancer. Breast tumors are characterized by an extensive desmoplastic stroma, abundantly populated by fibroblasts. Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to promote the growth of mammary tumors by directly stimulating tumor cell proliferation and by enhancing angiogenesis, but their role in mediating inflammation in breast tumorigenesis is unknown. Despite the fact that most of cancer-related mortality is a result of tumor metastasis, and not of the primary tumor, very little is known to date about the role of the metastatic stroma in allowing disseminated tumor cells from the primary tumor to propagate and colonize the metastatic organ. Even less is known about the role of fibroblasts in this critical stage of the metastatic cascade. Using a genetically engineered mouse model of mammary carcinoma we will investigate pro-inflammatory signaling by CAFs during different stages of mammary tumorigenesis, starting at early hyperplastic lesions, elucidate its functional importance and define the molecular pathways that underlie inflammatory signaling by mammary CAFs in tumor progression and metastasis.

Keywords: cancer-associated fibroblasts,inflammation,metastasis,microenvironment,breast cancer
Oxygen sensing in cardiovascular progenitors cell fate decisions (HYPOXIA & CELL FATE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cardiogenesis is a complex process that involves different cell types that have to mature to form the final functional heart compartments. Isl1 cardiovascular progenitors label the “second heart field” and contribute to myocardial, smooth muscle and endothelial structures of the heart. These progenitors have been extensively studied but little is know about the extracellular signals mediating their cell fate decisions and biology. A more recent group of cardiovascular progenitors arising from the epicardium and labeled by the expression of Tbx18 or Wt1 have been reported to contribute to the coronary arterial tree, cardiac fibroblasts and atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes. Embryonic hypoxia has been involved in cardiovascular system development, while the molecular mechanisms controlling the adaptation to low oxygen tensions during heart formation remain poorly understood. Thus, I aim to determine if changes in the oxygen supply could regulate early cardiovascular progenitor’s proliferation, migration or commitment towards specific differentiated cardiac lineages and evaluate the concept of hypoxia as a potential niche for cardiovascular progenitors. We aim to study cellular properties and mechanisms that might be influenced by hypoxia as cell metabolism, transcriptional regulation and modulation of morphogenic signaling pathways. Several reporter embryonic stem cell lines will be used as in vitro systems to trace and isolate discrete pools of cardiovascular progenitors after exposure to different oxygen tensions and recapitulate cardiac development in a dish. Additionally in vivo mouse models of conditional deletion of hypoxia pathway elements (HIFs, VHL, PHDs) in cardiovascular progenitors will be employed to confirm the in vitro data and to determine of the role of hypoxia in early cardiogenesis. Unraveling these points could open a research avenue towards new methodologies in the cardiovascular stem cell field and may have therapeutic significance.

Keywords: heart development,hypoxia,cardiovascular progenitors,niche,health sciences
Optimizing the Delivery of Nanomedicine to Solid Tumors (CANCER NANOMEDICINE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Cyprus
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Recent advances in nanotechnology have offered new hope for cancer detection, prevention, and treatment. While the enhanced permeability and retention effect has served as a key rationale for using nanoparticles to treat solid tumors, it does not enable uniform delivery of these particles to all regions of tumors in sufficient quantities. This heterogeneous distribution of therapeutics is a result of physiological barriers presented by the abnormal tumor vasculature and interstitial matrix. These barriers are in large part responsible for the modest survival benefit offered in many cases by clinically approved nanotherapeutics and must be overcome to realize the promise of nanomedicine in patients. More specifically, we need to determine the design criteria - the size, charge and configuration of various nanoparticle platforms - that optimize drug delivery to tumors. Here, I propose the development of a mathematical framework for the delivery of therapeutic nanoparticles to solid tumors. The model will account directly for the properties of the tumor micro-environment as well as for the properties (size, charge and configuration) of nanoparticles to predict their intratumoral distribution. I will specify the model to a human sarcoma and a human mammary carcinoma cell line for which a complete set of experimental data that characterize their micro-environment exists. Informed by these experimental measurements, I will use the mathematical model to construct "design maps" that will predict the nanoparticle properties that optimize intratumoral delivery, and thus the efficacy of cancer therapy. I will also employ the model to investigate if modifications in the tumor micro-environment with the use of anti-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic agents can improve the distribution of nanomedicine to solid tumors.

Keywords: drug delivery,nanotechnology,cancer therapy,mass and fluid transport,nanoparticles
Volatility Forecasting Evaluation Framework (MODEL_PREDICTABILITY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-11-10
End date: 2014-11-09
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Predicting volatility is of great importance in measuring and managing risk more accurately. Volatility is measured, estimated and predicted by a vast number of model frameworks. Though, researcher has to select a specific model for his/her forecasting purposes. Thus, the models are evaluated in order to extract the most adequate model for forecasting purposes. Under the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowships Grand, we define a method of evaluating the predictability of the models, which assumes that the distance between the actual volatility and its forecast is normally distributed. However, empirical applications provide evidence that the distribution of this distance is better described via a leptokurtotic and asymmetric distribution. Under this grand we intend to construct a model evaluation method that presumes a leptokurtic and asymmetric distributed distance between the actual volatility and its forecast. The development of a volatility forecasting evaluation framework, with assumptions closer to reality, is of great importance in producing accurate forecasts of risk measures (specially the last years with the deep crisis caused in financial sectors).

Keywords: econometrics,banking,applied economics,statistics
Theoretical predictions of jet observables in QCD matter (JETS IN QCD MATTER)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Serbia
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2016-03-01
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A new state of nuclear matter, called quark-gluon plasma (QGP), is predicted to be created at extreme energy densities. This new state consists of interacting quarks, antiquarks and gluons. One of the major goals of RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision) and LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiments is to create and explore QGP. The main goal of this proposal is to develop a realistic theoretical formalism, which will be used to generate theoretical predictions that will be compared with the experimental data; such comparison will allow to map properties of this extreme phase of nuclear matter. Two major experimental observables, which are used to probe QGP, are suppression and elliptic flow of high energy particles (jets) that are created during collisions of relativistic heavy ion beams. These two observables are closely related with the energy loss of jets as they travel through QGP. In previous theoretical studies, jet energy loss was calculated under universally implemented, but highly unrealistic, assumption of static scattering centers. In her recent work, the candidate has successfully developed a theoretical formalism for heavy quark energy loss in a dynamical finite size QCD medium. However, to develop a complete formalism of jet energy loss in such medium one also has to: i) accurately calculate gluon energy loss ii) incorporate non-zero magnetic mass into the formalism iii) generalize the energy loss to all orders in the number of scattering canters. Achieving these three objectives is the first goal of this proposal. As the second goal, we will integrate the developed formalism into a computational framework, in order to generate the most accurate computational predictions of jet suppression and elliptic flow available up to now. These predictions will be directly compared with RHIC and LHC experimental results, which will allow testing our understanding of QGP, and mapping properties of this new state of matter.

Keywords: quark-gluon plasma,relativistic heavy-ion collisions,jet physics,heavy quark energy loss,gluon energy loss,magnetic mass,jet suppression,jet elliptic flow,theoretical predictions,rhic,lhc
Effects of plankton community structure on energy pathways and trophic efficiency (TROPHIC EFFICIENCY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden,Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG, 2010)
Start date: 2011-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

A current challenge to ecologists is to predict how compositional shifts at the base of the aquatic food web propagate up to higher trophic levels. Energy or resource availability for upper trophic levels is governed by food-chain length and by factors that regulate the rate of energy transfer from primary producers to consumers. The conceptual ideas are however based on limited empirical data and few studies have tested these concepts at ecosystem level. The goal of this project is to test the overall prediction that phytoplankton community structure and species composition are key regulators of energy and food quality transfer to mesozooplankton. The objectives are to (i) test the stability of fatty acid-specific δ13C isotope between the phyto-zooplankton interface, which will be an important requirement as biomarker for trophic interactions, and (ii) manipulate natural microbial species composition and bacterial activity in mesocosms and measure carbon and nutritional transfer efficiency to copepods and their interactive effects with appendicularians. Copepods are a key link for carbon and nutritional flux and appendicularians are abundant filter-feeding organisms that are expected to increase with climate warming. The microbial food web is an important bridge between primary producers and upper trophic levels, and supports provided from the IRG will concentrate mainly on analysis of the microbial community. Trophic efficiency will be estimated from production rates, dietary sources and nutritional transfer using biomarkers. An improved understanding on how shifts in food-web structure affects carbon flux through the plankton food web will be important because these processes have profound influence on fisheries and climate. This research project will contribute to European excellence and competitiveness by recruiting a scientist with a high-qualified research record, global experience, and Europe-oriented career prospects into the European research network.

Keywords: natural sciences,anthropogenic impact on ecosystems,ecosystem impact (climate change),marine ecosystems (environment,fisheries and aquaculture interactions)