Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Excited state quantum dynamics in molecular aggregates: a unified description from biology to devices (ESTYMA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1512873.0
EU funding (EUR): 1512873.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The coherent dynamics of excitons in systems of biological interest and in organic materials can now be studied with advanced experimental techniques, including two dimensional electronic spectroscopy, with time resolution of few femtoseconds. The theory of open quantum systems, that should support the interpretation of these new experiments, has been developed in different contexts over the past 60 years but seems now very inadequate for the problems of current interest. First of all, the systems under investigation are extremely complex and the most common approach, based on the development of phenomenological models, is often not very informative. Many different models yield results in agreement with the experiments and there is no systematic way to derive these models or to select the best model among many. Secondly, the quantum dynamics of excitons is so fast that one cannot assume that the dynamics of environment is much faster than the dynamics of the system, an assumption crucial for most theories. A remedy to the current limitation is proposed here through the following research objectives. (1) A general and automatic protocol will be developed to generate simple treatable models of the system from an accurate atomistic description of the same system based on computational chemistry methods. (2) A professionally-written software will be developed to study the quantum dynamics of model Hamiltonians for excitons in molecular aggregates. This software will incorporate different methodologies and will be designed to be usable also by non-specialists in the theory of quantum open systems (e.g. spectroscopists, computational chemists). (3) A broad number of problems will be studied with this methodology including (i) exciton dynamics in light harvesting complexes and artificial proteins and (ii) exciton dynamics in molecular aggregates of relevance for organic electronics devices.

Keywords: exciton,spectroscopy
Peptide padlocks evolved towards infinite affinity for antibody nanoassembly and ultrasensitive cell capture (PEPTIDEPADLOCK)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Medical Biotechnology
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1616328.0
EU funding (EUR): 1616328.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our ability to tailor individual proteins is now sophisticated, but our ability to assemble such proteins into larger structures is still primitive. Proteins are typically joined by reversible or non-specific linkages. We have designed a unique way to connect protein building blocks irreversibly and precisely, via spontaneous isopeptide bond formation. This involves modifying proteins with a short peptide tag (SpyTag) that is based upon remarkable chemistry used by pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria. Here we will develop this novel approach to address major challenges in synthetic biology. We will engineer SpyTag capture towards infinite affinity (defined as diffusion-limited on-rate and no off-rate), to transform the sensitivity of peptide detection in living systems. We will also apply SpyTag to create a new generation of protein polymers, irreversibly assembled with molecular precision and tailored branching. In parallel we will harness SpyTag to enhance circulating tumor cell (CTC) capture, one of the most promising ways to achieve early cancer diagnosis. In capturing CTCs and other rare cells from blood, the high forces mean that even the strongest non-covalent linkages fail. SpyTag covalent bridging, in concert with super-resolution live cell fluorescence microscopy, will give us the opportunity to answer key questions about the forces and membrane dynamics at the magnetic bead:cell synapse. We will exploit these insights and SpyTag-assembled antibody polymers to dramatically reduce the threshold of antigen expression for CTC capture. This comprehensive program of research will explore novel concepts in protein recognition and cellular response to force, while creating conceptually new tools, making it possible for biologists in a wide range of areas to step beyond existing barriers.
Lower bounds for combinatorial algorithms and dynamic problems (LBCAD)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer Science and Informatics
Countries involved: Czechia
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2019-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 900200.0
EU funding (EUR): 900200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to establish the time complexity of algorithms for two classes of problems. The first class consists of problems related to Boolean matrix multiplication and matrix multiplication over various semirings. This class contains problems such as computing transitive closure of a graph and determining the minimum distance between all-pairs of nodes in a graph. Known combinatorial algorithms for these problems run in slightly sub-cubic time. By combinatorial algorithms we mean algorithms that do not rely on the fast matrix multiplication over rings. Our goal is to show that the known combinatorial algorithms for these problems are essentially optimal. This requires designing a model of combinatorial algorithms and proving almost cubic lower bounds in it. The other class of problems that we will focus on contains dynamic data structure problems such as dynamic graph reachability and related problems. Known algorithms for these problems exhibit trade-off between the query time and the update time, where at least one of them is always polynomial. Our goal is to show that indeed any algorithm for these problems must have update time or query time at least polynomial. The two classes of problems are closely associated with so called 3SUM problem which serves as a benchmark for uncomputability in sub-quadratic time. Our goal is to deepen and extend the known connections between 3SUM, the other two classes and problems like formula satisfiability (SAT).

Keywords: computational complexity,combinatorial algorithms,dynamic data structure problems,lower bounds,barriers,boolean matrix multiplication,all-pairs shortest paths,dynamic reachability
Cell Migration under Mechanical Constraints (DURACELL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed Matter Physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1762734.0
EU funding (EUR): 1762734.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Control of cell migration is crucial for many biological processes. Cells sense mechanical cues to guide their migration. As opposed to passive materials, living cells actively respond to the mechanical stimuli of their environment through the transduction of mechanical information into biochemical signaling events. These responses, particularly to rigidity, include differentiation, migration and alterations in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion and thus occur over a wide range of time and length scales. I propose to address the effect of substrate mechanical properties on cell migration using quantitative in vitro methods based on micro-fabrication and micro-mechanical techniques. My main objectives are to: 1/ Discover specific mechanisms that guide single cells toward stiffer substrates (a process known as durotaxis), investigate the range of stiffness-sensitive responses and determine the molecular mechanisms based on actin dynamics and cell adhesion assembly. 2/ Characterize the emergence of coordinated cell movements and thus how cells move in concert under external mechanical constraints. In addition to cell-substrate interactions, the role of cell-cell junctions is crucial in the transmission of mechanical signals over the cell population. By analyzing tissue dynamics at both mesoscopic and molecular scales, we hope to unravel how epithelial cell sheets mechanically integrate multiple adhesive cues to drive collective cell migration.3/ Elucidate the role of 3D mechanical environments in collective cell migration. In contrast to migration in 2D, cells in 3D must overcome the biophysical resistance of their surrounding milieu. Based on optical and innovative micro-fabrication techniques to modify the stiffness of 3D scaffolds, we will study its influence on cell migration modes and invasion. The goal of this interdisciplinary project is to understand how cells integrate mechanical adhesive signals to adapt their internal organization and ensure tissue integrity

Keywords: mechanobiology cadherins cytoskeleton collective migration cell mechanics
Scalability, Control, Isolation on Next-generation Networks (SCION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer Science and Informatics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2013-CoG, 2013)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1889684.0
EU funding (EUR): 1889684.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Internet has been successful beyond even the most optimistic expectations. It permeates and is intertwined with almost all aspects of our government, economy, and society. From a security perspective, we observe is the tremendous dependency on communication that is being created. Many of the processes we describe above would grind to a halt should communication become unavailable. Although we cannot conclusively answer what the impact of a 1-minute, 1-hour, 1-day, or 1-week lack of Internet communication on our society would be, but anecdotal evidence indicates that even short outages have a profound negative impact on governmental, economic, and societal processes. We can only surmise what the impact of a week-long Internet outage would look like after witnessing the almost complete halt in productivity of a major institution that lost email connectivity for 2 days. Unfortunately, the current Internet is quite brittle, and has not been designed for high availability in the face of malicious adversaries. Recent patches to improve Internet security and availability have been constrained by the current Internet architecture and business processes. Consequently, the current state of safety and availability of the Internet is not commensurate with its importance. Numerous aspects of our society depend on a brittle network that runs with a relatively small investment compared to its importance. The goal of this project is to follow a methodological scientific approach to design, analyze, and implement a prototype of a next-generation Internet that is secure, available, and private by design, that provides appropriate incentives for a transition to the new architecture, and that considers economic and policy issues at the design stage.

Keywords: future internet,next-generation secure internet,secure routing,highly available communication,ddos defense,network fault localization,anonymous communication,privacy
Exploring Duality for Future Data-driven Modelling (E-DUALITY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2017-ADG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2492500.0
EU funding (EUR): 2492500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Future data-driven modelling is increasingly challenging for many systems due to higher complexity levels, such as in energy systems, environmental and climate modelling, traffic and transport, industrial processes, health, safety, and others. This requires powerful concepts and frameworks that enable the design of high quality predictive models. In this proposal E-DUALITY we will explore and engineer the potential of duality principles for future data-driven modelling. An existing example illustrating the important role of duality in this context is support vector machines, which possess primal and dual model representations, in terms of feature maps and kernels, respectively. Within this project, besides using existing notions of duality that are relevant for data-driven modelling (e.g. Lagrange duality, Legendre-Fenchel duality, Monge-Kantorovich duality), we will also explore new ones. Duality principles will be employed for obtaining a generically applicable framework with unifying insights, handling different system complexity levels, optimal model representations and designing efficient algorithms. This will require taking an integrative approach across different research fields. The new framework should be able to include e.g. multi-view and multiple function learning, multiplex and multilayer networks, tensor models, multi-scale and deep architectures as particular instances and to combine several of such characteristics, in addition to simple basic schemes. It will include both parametric and kernel-based approaches for tasks as regression, classification, clustering, dimensionality reduction, outlier detection and dynamical systems modelling. Higher risk elements are the search for new standard forms in modelling systems with different complexity levels, matching models and representations to system characteristics, and developing algorithms for large scale applications within this powerful new framework.

Keywords: data driven modelling
Levels and Trends of Health Expectancy: Understanding its Measurement and Estimation Sensitivity (LETHE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: Austria
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1713352.5
EU funding (EUR): 1713352.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Better health is central to human happiness and wellbeing. It also contributes substantially to economic progress, as healthy populations live longer and are more productive. Accordingly, the EU defined the improvement of health as a fundamental element of its “Europe 2020” strategy. The corresponding public health policies are assessed on the basis of a structural indicator for “Health Expectancy” (HE). Unfortunately, HE estimates are extremely sensitive to certain methodological issues of which many are widely ignored. First, the common measurement of population health by the responses to specific survey questions is ambiguous. As a consequence, statistics on levels and trends of HE vary significantly depending on the underlying survey data and health indicators. Almost completely unrecognized is a second problem: HE estimates are also highly sensitive to particular technical features, e.g. the age range and partitioning selected for analysis and the technique chosen to add the health dimension to the life table. The efforts that have been hitherto undertaken to improve the estimation of HE focus primarily on the measurement of health with surveys, whereas the effects of the chosen HE indicator, data and method remain largely unexplored. The central aim of LETHE is to fill these gaps through a systematic exploration of the HE indicator’s sensitivity to these issues. To emphasize the empirical significance of the proposed research, the effects will be investigated in the context of some major actual research questions, in particular the “compression versus expansion of morbidity” debate and the differences in HE between European populations and subpopulations. Finally, the project aims to identify the particular health measure that is most strongly associated with people’s actual happiness. These innovative approaches feature the potential to provide not only new insights into the levels and trends of HE, but also about its main drivers and causation mechanisms.
Laughing in an Emergency: Humour, Cultural Resilience and Contemporary Art (LIAE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2020-11-23
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the wake of the Charlie Hebdo attacks in 2015, humour has been regarded as serious, incendiary, and potentially fatal business. A curious phenomenon has simultaneously occurred in contemporary art, as artists located around the world have turned to humorous aesthetic strategies in order to document and re-assess global politics, experiences of crisis and collective trauma. In spite of this turn, and although the politics of humour has attracted recent attention, leading scholars across the social sciences and humanities continually lament the lack of scholarly analysis on the subject. In this context, the main objectives of LIAE are 1) to develop a conceptual framework and gather empirical information to account for the impetus behind the emergence of humour in art from contemporary sites of ‘crisis’; 2) to develop a novel framework of how humour advances the social function of art by operating as a vital agent of cultural resilience in three keys ways: re-enforcing connection to place, coalescing collective identity, and by subverting oppressive authority structures; 3) to develop a conceptual framework that accounts for how ‘high art’ settings radically differs to that of ‘viral’ or ‘demotic’ forms (cartoons, memes and street art). To achieve this, LIAE is informed by a comparative study of 3 key case studies, each legislatively recognized as sites of crisis, and each emblematic of particular forms of contemporary ‘emergency’: economic/refugee crisis (Greece), indigenous sovereignty/endemic disadvantage (Australia) and military conflict/occupation (Palestine). Employing an adaptive form of visual culture research (discourse analysis, fieldwork, in-situ visual analysis, archival and primary research) refined through a training program and expert supervision at UNIMAN, LIAE produces innovative research on the social function of humour, unpacking the capacity for art to act as tool of cultural resilience for disadvantaged, marginalised and vulnerable groups.

Keywords: trauma studies,visual culture,humorology,greece,palestine,australia,crisis
Bridging Consumers, Brands and Bio Based Industry to improve the market of sustainable bio-based products (BIOBRIDGES)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Bio-based Industries
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Partnership: BBI (Art-187)
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Estonia,Germany,Greece,Croatia,Slovakia,Portugal
Call: Establish cooperation and partnership with brand owners and consumer representatives to improve the market access of sustainable bio-based products (H2020-BBI-JTI-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 28.0
Total project cost (EUR): 995485.0
EU funding (EUR): 995485.0
Participants: 9
Project status: CLOSED

BIOBRIDGES is a 28 months action aiming at boosting the marketability of bio-based products - BBPs by establishing close cooperation and partnership between bio-based Industries - BBI, brand owners and consumers’ representatives. The ultimate goal is to stimulate and support the active engagement of and interaction among all stakeholders (including local communities and local authorities) and improve market acceptance of BBPs. BIOBRIDGES will design and implement replicable methodologies, procedures and good practices supporting multi-stakeholders’ interaction, leading to new cross-sector partnerships. Main activities will be: • Identify the cooperation challenges among consumers, brand owners and BBI • Create a sustainable multi-stakeholder community involving consumer representatives, BBI and brand owners from different bio-based economy clusters and stimulate dialogue and cooperation • Following a co-creation approach, increase consumers’ and brand owners’ awareness, confidence and trust on the benefits of BBPs compared to the fossil-based counterparts, • Support the establishment of at least 2 new cross-cutting interconnections in bio-based economy clusters and define replicable procedures and good practices leading to the establishment of new cross-sector partnerships and business opportunities • Stimulate the multi-stakeholder discussion toward pre-and co-normative research, new standardisation/labelling and emerging co-creation models (B2B and B2C). At the end of the project, at least 2 new cross-sector interconnections in bio-based economy cluster will be established, while the foundations for the creation of new ones based on the arguments, best practices and recommendations deriving from the project will be formed. The BIOBRIDGES consortium merges a variety of complementary expertise, aiming to build a consistent multi-actor approach integrating 9 partners already involve in other projects like BIOWAYS, BIOVoices and BIOSTEP.

Keywords: co creation,cross sector interconnections,cooperation challenges among consumers,brand owners and bio based industries,partnerships between consumers representative,brand owners and bbi