Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Group effects of news evaluation in social media (News in groups)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Career Restart panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 262209.6
EU funding (EUR): 262209.6
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Fake news are shared widely among humans, particularly in modern social media. Although mechanisms such as novelty seeking, alert for potential dangers or the need to belong have been suggested as potential target points to trigger news propagation, the underlying psychological and neurocognitive processes are not yet fully understood. In this project, we aim at combining the knowledge of the experienced researcher in neuroscience, brain imaging and neuropsychology with the host’s expertise in cognitive psychology and learning science to study social group interactions of information sharing. Using neurocognitive methods of brain imaging as well as behavioural measures supported by digital group awareness tools, we will investigate how news are evaluated by the brain, how news evaluation is influenced by the group and which measures could be taken to prevent fake news from spreading. Findings of the experimental studies will be transferred to classroom teaching, with developing a teaching concept to increase students’ knowledge on verifying information, recognizing fake news and developing strategies to stop them. Providing the unique combination of neuroscience, psychology, computer science and education the project will contribute to deepening and diversifying the candidate’s cognitive neuroscience expertise, gaining new competencies and strengthening networking of the involved scientists in order to catalyze the candidate’s scientific career as an independent researcher. The project makes a significant novel contribution in combining sciences and humanities in an interdisciplinary manner to help understand the neural mechanisms of naturalistic social group interaction on information sharing. Furthermore, this project will show a societal impact in 1) revealing neuronal and behavioural correlates of information sharing, 2) develop strategies to make knowledge exchange more efficient 3) prevent fake news from spreading and 4) educate students on critical thinking.

Keywords: information evaluation,social group behaviour,information sharing,functional magnetic critical thinking,social media,functional magnetic resonance imaging,group awareness,group awareness tools
Acute oxygen sensing and oxygen tolerance in C. elegans (OXYGEN SENSING)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Panel description: Genetics, epigenetics, genomics and other ‘omics studies, bioinformatics, systems biology, genetic diseases, gene editing, innovative methods and modelling, ‘omics for personalised medicine
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1485000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1485000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Oxygen (O2) levels can vary enormously in the environment, which induces dramatic behavioral and physiological changes to resident animals. Adaptations to O2 variations can be either acute or sustained. How animals detect and respond to the changes of O2 availability remains elusive at the molecular level. In particular, what is the precise mechanism of acute O2 sensing, what are the primary sensor for acute hypoxia, and why do neurons of various species exhibit completely different sensitivity to hypoxic challenges? The research proposed here aims at addressing these intriguing but challenging questions in the model system nematode C. elegans, which offers unique advantages to systematically dissect O2 sensing at both genetic and neural circuit levels. C. elegans responds dramatically to acute O2 variations by altering its locomotory speed. We will make use of this robust behavioral response to O2 stimulation for high-throughput genetic screens, aiming to identify a collection of molecules critical for acute O2 sensing. These molecules will be subsequently characterized in the context of a well-described nervous system of C. elegans. Our findings will offer the opportunity to shed light on conserved principles of acute O2 sensing that are operating in the O2 sensing systems in humans such as carotid body. In addition to its robust responses to O2 variation, C. elegans exhibits remarkable tolerance to a complete lack of O2, anoxic exposure. My team will thoroughly investigate anoxia tolerance of C. elegans by performing a screen for anoxia-sensitive mutants that has previously been challenging. The discoveries will allow us to delineate the molecular underpinning of anoxia tolerance in C. elegans, and to inspire other researchers to develop better strategies to cope with hypoxic challenges caused by certain diseases such as stroke and ischemia, which are the most causes of human deaths in developed countries.
Planet- and Moon-Factory (PLAMO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2025-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1261336.0
EU funding (EUR): 1261336.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Understanding better planet- and moon-formation is a key to comprehend how planetary systems – including our own – came to be. To study these processes, we need computer simulations of their birth nests, the disks around the young stars (circumstellar disks) where planets are born; and disks around forming planets (circumplanetary disks) where moons assemble. Circumplanetary disks are located within the circumstellar disks and they were first detected observationally in June 2019, after twenty years of numerical simulations predicting their existence. Therefore, it is very timely to study their characteristics. Circumplanetary disks have three main roles. Firstly, the are channelling material to the forming planets, hence they regulate the formation timescale and the final planetary mass. Secondly, they are the birth-place for moons to grow. Thirdly, they surround and embed the forming planet, hence affect the observational appearance of forming planets. Developing state-of-the-art gas-dust thermo-hydrodynamical simulations, combining them with radiative transfer, N-body simulations, and for the first time with machine learning, offers a completely new window to reveal how planet- and moon-formation takes place. The three scientific projects of this proposal are: I. Understanding the thermo-hydrodynamical effects on planetary growth, on the formation timescale at different locations of the circumstellar disk, and hence the diversity of the final planetary masses. II. Observational predictions of forming planets from the simulations – which instrument can be used to detect them, what information can be gained from these observations, and what are the general characteristics of circumstellar disks determined with machine learning. III. Studying moon-formation in the circumplanetary disk, provide predictions of how the exomoon population looks like, and what fraction of exomoons is detectable with current and near-future instrumentation.

Keywords: planet formation,moon formation,hydrodynamics,radiative transfer,machine learning
Language activation and control in the unimodal and bimodal bilingual lexicon (BiBiCrossLang)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170121.6
EU funding (EUR): 170121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Bilinguals activate words from both languages when listening, reading or speaking in one language, and engage non-linguistic cognitive control abilities to resolve cross-linguistic competition. Most studies of cross-language activation have focused on activation between languages through overlapping phonological representations. However, cross-language activation also occurs in deaf or hearing bilinguals who are familiar with a spoken language and a sign language, two languages without overlapping phonological systems. The proposed research aims to systematically investigate phonological and lexical-semantic contributions to cross-language activation during production and comprehension by studying and comparing cross-language activation patterns in three groups of bilinguals: (1) bilinguals with two spoken languages, and (2) hearing and (3) deaf bimodal bilinguals. Four studies are proposed that combine behavioural, eye-tracking and electrophysiological techniques to examine whether and how the availability of same-modality vs. different-modality phonological systems differentially modulates the nature of cross-language interaction and the recruitment of cognitive control mechanisms during bilingual production and comprehension. By including deaf as well as hearing bimodal bilinguals, the studies will furthermore provide critical insight into the linguistic mechanisms underlying cross-language activation between a spoken language and a signed language, and significantly advance bilingual approaches to language acquisition and processing in deaf readers.

Keywords: bilingualism,cross language activation,sign language,visual word recognition,cognitive control
The Single Optical Fibre Scalpel (THESIS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Modern laser microsurgery requires compact ultrafast laser sources and miniature fibre-optic probes. The aim of this project is to develop the world’s first scanner-free and ultra-thin (<1mm) single multimode optical fibre scalpel to perform image-guided high-precision microsurgery. In this timely project, we will tackle the key challenges in the field of laser microsurgery: i) The lack of robust and compact ultrafast laser sources; ii) bulky laser-pulse delivery probes; and iii) the lack of simultaneous high-resolution imaging modalities to guide the surgery. In this proposed research, the Fellow will first develop a new dissipative-soliton-resonance (DSR) ultrafast fibre laser and will then integrate the DSR laser to the single multimode fibre imaging system in the supervisor’s group. This multidisciplinary research is expected to make new advancements and discoveries in a number of emerging topics at the forefront of Photonics, such as DSR ultrafast fibre laser technology, single multimode fibre imaging, and ultrafast laser microsurgery. In addition, the results arising from nonlinear imaging (two-photon and second-harmonic-generation imaging) of the biological tissue and ultrafast-laser-tissue interaction will inform clinical and biomedical research on biomaterials properties and disease pathology. These are central to the research theme priority of personalising health and care in Horizon 2020 - producing knowledge that will be applied in the area of health and medicine. The commercial value of the new ultrafast fibre-based light sources and the medical instrument for in-vivo endoscopic imaging and microsurgery will also be explored during this project.

Keywords: fibre optics,optical fibre laser,optical imaging,laser surgery
The ARM-B skin-allergy diagnostics patch is a compact, easy to apply, low-cost allergy testing product. (ARM-B)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2018)
Start date: 2018-06-01
End date: 2018-08-31
Duration (months): 3.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Allogen Biotech is innovating the ARM-B allergy diagnostics patch technology for use in the healthcare sector and home-test markets. The company’s advanced biosensor concept draws on the simplicity and reliability of traditional skin-prick procedures, yet provides improved clinical outcomes and patient experience. The Allogen innovation is engineered as 50 mm stick-on disc-shaped patch, composed of a microarray device, which identify panels of allergic reactions. Each type of allergic response is interpreted as electrical impedance changes at individual biosensors. The allergy specialist acquires the test results in 5 minutes on a wide panel of common or specific allergens. The sensors register the degree of severity of an allergic reaction and may provide further information on specific testing. The ARM-B system offers unique advantages for the allergy therapist and patients alike. The patch device is non-intrusive – no need to pen-mark or prick large areas of skin: ARM-B microarray extends only 30 mm. The tine-microelectrode structure of the biosensor component ensures ultra-low invasiveness, penetrating only a few hundred microns of epidermis, not millimetre skin-prick depths. Therefore the ARM-B test offers a pain free consultation. The in vivo patch uses only picomole/nL, of a purified allergen microgel, minimising the risk of adverse side effects prevalent with skin-pricks – viz. nausea, raining, malaise. The device offers a large allergy dataset, a consequence of the microarray concept. The sensors are quantitative, so data on degree of allergic response or severity is collated. The solution to skin-oriented allergy diagnostics is applicable to several alternative market segments, not only accredited clinics and general practice with specialist allergy practitioners, but also in the self-test or home-use setting. ARM-B is a high value, low-cost solution for allergy diagnostics.

Keywords: allergy,allergen,patch,micro needle,point of care,point of testing,health,clinics
Enabling procurement data value chains for economic development, demand management, competitive markets and vendor intelligence (TheyBuyForYou)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: Big Data PPP (cPPP)
Countries involved: Spain,Italy,Spain,Slovenia,Norway,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Big Data PPP: cross-sectorial and cross-lingual data integration and experimentation (H2020-ICT-2017-1, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3279240.0
EU funding (EUR): 2925693.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

Procurement affects virtually every organisation. Public spending alone will soon exceed €2trn per annum in the EU. In times of slow economic recovery and enhanced transparency, there is a pressing need for better management of government finances. The interaction between governments and businesses is key to delivering reformed public services, but it cannot, in its present form, create growth with less investment. In addition, research has already shown that SMEs can compete effectively with their larger counterparts and deliver value for money, provided the right environment. Private sector buyers face similar challenges. They are expected to run efficient, accountable tendering procedures, whether the beneficiaries are company shareholders or taxpayers. This becomes increasingly difficult as the flow of goods, services, finances, and data reaches all-times highs. TheyBuyForYou will deliver the data value chains, enabling technologies, and innovation that are critically needed for this fundamental change to happen. The project will explore how procurement knowledge graphs, paired with data management, analytics and interaction design could be used to reform four key procurement areas: (i) economic development: facilitating better economic outcomes from public spending for SMEs; (ii) demand management: spotting trends in public spending to achieve long-term goals such as savings; (iii) competitive markets: promoting healthier competition and identifying collusions and other irregularities; and (iv) supplier intelligence: optimising supply chains. We will develop an integrated technology platform, with data, core services, open APIs and online tools, which will be validated in 3 business cases in public/corporate procurement in Slovenia, Spain and Italy. The expected impact is substantial, with €200m savings in EU public spending; 25% increase in the value unlocked by enhanced procurement management in the private sector; and 20% more SMEs bidding for contracts.

Keywords: procurement,public procurement,knowledge graphs,open data,transparency,real time analytics,economic development,competitive markets,supplier intelligence
Engineering brain activity patterns for therapeutics of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders (EngineeringBAP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Panel description: Nervous system development, homeostasis and ageing, nervous system function and dysfunction, systems neuroscience and modelling, biological basis of cognitive processes and of behaviour, neurological and mental disorders
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2018-COG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2024-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1998984.0
EU funding (EUR): 1998984.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders are complex dysfunctions of neuronal circuits. Their treatment has been limited by the lack of non-invasive methods for measuring the underlying circuit dysfunctions, and for direct and localized modifications of these circuits. We propose minimally invasive technologies for measuring brain activity and functional connectivity patterns, and for manipulating them directly in vivo to correct the abnormal behavioural phenotypes (in rodents with potential scalability to non-human primates and humans). First, we present a proof-of-principle study on mutant zebrafish, in which we correct whole-brain level abnormal activity patterns and behaviours by using large-scale single-neuron resolution measurements, and by simultaneously modulating multiple sub-networks via neuromodulator cocktails. Next, we present strong preliminary data in rodents and our plan: (1) For manipulating brain circuits in rodents/primates noninvasively, we will develop technologies that can deliver receptive-specific neuromodulators to spatially precise brain targets without opening/damaging the blood brain barrier. These methods will employ engineered ultrasound pulses and drug carrying microparticles we designed. (2) For reading out the brain circuits in rodents/primates, we will develop flexible low-power neuromorphic μECoG circuits that can detect single neuron signals from superficial cortical layers of many cortical areas simultaneously. (3) Finally, these novel technologies will be comprehensively evaluated on a mouse model of obsessive compulsivity and anxiety using a battery of behavioural tasks to reverse the pathological symptoms (beyond what is achievable by existing approaches). This project constitutes a major step towards the development and testing of minimallyinvasive and high-precision technologies for manipulating brain activity patterns, which can impact both our understanding of the brain and treatment of intractable brain disorders.
The role of NLRC4 inflammasome in autoinflammatory diseases (INFLA-AID)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-10-01
End date: 2021-01-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172800.0
EU funding (EUR): 172800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Our immune system provides a protective mechanism to control and eliminate elements from pathogenic microbes and toxic substances. Upon bacterial infection, our innate immune system initiates a pro-inflammatory response by activating the "inflammasomes". These multiprotein platforms activate caspase-1 to produce proinflammatory cytokines. An array of highly regulated inflammasome-mediated signalling pathways are identified. When the signalling pathway is hyperactivated, overproduction of the downstream cytokines provokes autoinflammatory diseases (AID). Recently, gain-of-function mutations in the NLRC4 inflammasome have been attributed for the manifestation of NLRC4-associated AID (NLRC4-AID). The clinical symptoms vary in these patients, except that the onset of life-threatening systematic inflammation begins at infancy. What is common amongst the NLRC4-AID patients is their limited response to IL-1b inhibitors typically administered for AID. I have joined the Lamkanfi lab to unravel the aetiology and pathogenesis of the NLRC4-AID. While the NLRC4 inflammasome has been vigorously studied at the molecular level, in vivo data are restricted to knock-out mouse models. Using the NLRC4-Flag knock-in mice, I will analyse in vivo NLRC4 protein levels and expression patterns to locate organs and cell types important for NLRC4-mediated inflammation. Next, NLRC4 mutant mice generated in the host lab will be used to identify how the hyperactivation of NLRC4 alters its signalling pathway and promotes AID. The role of downstream cytokine signalling will be assessed by breeding NLRC4 mutant mice to animals deficient in various immune components, which are available from the host institute. This study will provide first acumen into how an NLRC4 mutation causes an autoinflammatory disease, and will contribute to a better understanding of inflammasomopathies. By working closely with clinicians, we aim to mitigate the symptoms in patients with aberrant NLRC4 inflammasome activities.

Keywords: nlrc4,inflammasomes,autoinflammatory diseases,disorders