Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Tracking Genetic Adaptation of Populations Using Time-Series Genomic Data (TimeAdapt)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185857.2
EU funding (EUR): 185857.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this proposal is to develop statistical methods for inference of demography and adaptation from genetic data collected at several times along the history of the population. In particular, I will target genomic data obtained from human remains from archaeological sites of hunter-gatherers, early farmers and Pontic-steppe herder groups and current European populations. The originality of my proposal is to address the the joint inference of neutral and selective forces acting on populations. In order to achieve this, I will take advantage of recent advances (the use of random forests in approximate Bayesian computation) that alleviate the computational burden of these inferences. The methods developed will be relevant to the community of evolutionary biologists in general and for human evolutionary biologist and archaeologists. The results will further clarify the genetics of the Neolithic transition in Europe, particularly regarding the role of adaptation and admixture. These results will be disseminated to the scientific community in the standard way (conferences, peer-reviewed journals and software implementing the methods) and to the general public through short animated films. The main training goal of the fellowship is to acquire experience in the analysis of high throughput sequencing data in a model organism (sensu lato), gaining international experience. This will increase my chances to lead research projects and further advance my career. The Jakobsson Lab will be the ideal place to achieve all these objectives because of its expertise in theoretical population genetics, human evolutionary biology and ancient DNA.
Sustainable and flexible powder metallurgy processes optimization by a holistic reduction of raw material resources and energy consumption. (SUPREME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Sustainable, resource-efficient and low-carbon technologies in energy-intensive process industries
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Germany,Spain,Spain,Italy,Italy,Austria,Spain,Italy,Finland,Romania,Belgium,France,France,France,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Integrated approach to process optimisation for raw material resources efficiency, excluding recovery technologies of waste streams (H2020-SPIRE-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-09-01
End date: 2020-12-31
Duration (months): 40.0
Total project cost (EUR): 9526383.96
EU funding (EUR): 7886843.48
Participants: 23
Project status: CLOSED

SUPREME aims at optimizing powder metallurgy processes throughout the supply chain. It will focus on a combination of fast-growing industrial production routes and advanced ferrous and non-ferrous metals. By offering more integrated, flexible and sustainable processes for powders manufacturing and metallic parts fabrication, SUPREME enables the reduction of the raw material resources (minerals, metal powder, gas and water) losses while improving energy efficiency, production rate and CO2 emissions, into sustainable processes and towards a circular economy. To achieve this goal, an ambitious cross-sectorial integration and optimization has been designed between several powder metallurgy processes: gas and water atomization as well as ball milling for metal powder production, additive manufacturing and near-net shape technologies for end-parts fabrication. Quality and process control will be developed to monitor KPI, based on eco-innovation approach, to demonstrate the optimization of material and energy use. 4 demonstrators will be proposed at each step of the value chain in real industrial setting and ready for business exploitation at TRL 7: mineral concentration, metal powder manufacturing, metal part manufacturing and end-product that will validate a global optimization of more than 25% on material yield losses, more than 10% on energy efficiency, more than 10% on production rate and beyond 30% of CO2 emissions. SUPREME has gathered an outstanding consortium of 17 partners from 8 countries, represented by 11 companies including 6 SMEs that will ensure a successful implementation towards market applications. 5 applications sectors are targeted: automotive, aeronautics, cutting tools, molding tools and medical. The process key differentiation advantages will bring modularity, flexibility and sustainability to powder metallurgy and will reduce the total cost breakdown of these technologies, boosting their adoption by industry.

Keywords: powder metallurgy,additive manufacturing,near net shape,water atomization,gas atomization,ball milling,ferrous metal,non ferrous metals,mineral concentration,process control
Folding Pathways of DNA G-quadruplexes in Crowding Conditions, and Implications for Mass Spectrometry-based Ligand Screening Assays (CROWDASSAY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-06-01
End date: 2020-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173076.0
EU funding (EUR): 173076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nucleic acids come in many forms aside from the Watson-Crick duplex. For example, guanine-rich DNA strands can form G-quadruplex structures, which have become attractive targets for small molecule ligands. It is now proven that G-quadruplexes can form in cells. Today most biophysical and structural studies on G-quadruplex folding are carried out in dilute aqueous solutions, but recent works suggest that the folding of some G-quadruplexes may differ in a crowded environment such as the cell environment. In the same way, most in vitro ligand binding assays are today carried out in dilute aqueous solutions. The aim of the project is to assess whether and how the folding pathways of G-quadruplexes differs in dilute and crowded conditions, and whether the community should revise the experimental design of ligand screening assays. We will focus on mass spectrometry-based assays, which have the unique advantage to give a direct read-out of ligand binding stoichiometry, quantity, and the variety of structural ensembles hiding behind the free and bound nucleic acid. The research program involves (1) developing mass spectrometry in more “native” conditions in the sense that we will add co-solutes to mimic cellular crowding, (2) comparing the G-quadruplex folding pathways in dilute and crowded conditions, by combining for the first time mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and single-molecule FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer), and (3) evaluating the impact of crowding on both traditional melting assays and mass spectrometry-based ligand screening assays. Our project will contribute to unveil fundamental principles of nucleic acid folding. It will also foster collaboration between three European institutes specialized in complementary biophysical and structural approaches to study G-quadruplexes. Finally, our project will also contribute to society by improving analytical approaches that are highly relevant to pharmacology.

Keywords: nucleic acids,g quadruplex,folding,biophysics,ligands
How to grow a flat leaf? (Flat_Leaf)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2021-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175419.6
EU funding (EUR): 175419.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Growing flat leaves is crucial for plant success, since it directly affects light interception and photosynthesis. This process is tightly regulated by endogenous signals revealing a strongly genetically defined developmental program, but is also modulated by the light environment. As shown using null mutants, both blue light receptors phototropins (phot) and red/far-red light receptor phytochromeB (phyB) affect leaf flattening, and it was recently found that plants lacking PKS3, a protein involved in phot signaling, suffer severe flattening defects. The main objective of this project is thus to determine how light signals interact with endogenous cues to control development of a flat leaf. First, I will perform an exhaustive temporal and spatial characterization of the phot and phyB-mediated light control of leaf development applying various light treatments and complementing phot1phot2, phyB and pks3 with tissue-specific promoters. Next, I will apply the latest microscopy techniques to determine the expression pattern of leaf development markers under various light conditions and in photoreceptor mutant backgrounds. Also, given the major role of auxin in leaf development, and the various ways in which phot and phyB control it, I will study auxin abundance, transport and sensitivity at the tissue and cellular level. Finally, I expect to identify new components of phot signaling evaluating the interactome of PKS3 through IP-MS. Thereby I expect to determine how a conserved developmental program and photosensory cues crosstalk to control leaf flattening.

Keywords: leaf flattening blue and red light phototropins phytochrome dorsiventrality adaxial,abaxial polarity
Complexity Inside NP - A Computational Geometry Perspective (CGinsideNP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Panel description: Informatics and information systems, computer science, scientific computing, intelligent systems
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-02-01
End date: 2023-05-31
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1486800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1486800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Traditional complexity theory focuses on the dichotomy between P and NP-hard problems. Lately, it has become increasingly clear that this misses a major part of the picture. Results by the PI and others offer glimpses on a fascinating structure hiding inside NP: new computational problems that seem to lie between polynomial and NP-hard have been identified; new conditional lower bounds for problems with large polynomial running times have been found; long-held beliefs on the difficulty of problems in P have been overturned. Computational geometry plays a major role in these developments, providing some of the main questions and concepts. We propose to explore this fascinating landscape inside NP from the perspective of computational geometry, guided by three complementary questions: (A) What can we say about the complexity of search problems derived from existence theorems in discrete geometry? These problems offer a new perspective on complexity classes previously studied in algorithmic game theory (PPAD, PLS, CLS). Preliminary work indicates that they have the potential to answer long-standing open questions on these classes. (B) Can we provide meaningful conditional lower bounds on geometric problems for which we have only algorithms with large polynomial running time? Prompted by a question raised by the PI and collaborators, such lower bounds were developed for the Frechet distance. Are similar results possible for problems not related to distance measures? If so, this could dramatically extend the traditional theory based on 3SUM-hardness to a much more diverse and nuanced picture. (C) Can we find subquadratic decision trees and faster algorithms for 3SUM-hard problems? After recent results by Pettie and Gronlund on 3SUM and by the PI and collaborators on the Frechet distance, we have the potential to gain new insights on this large class of well-studied problems and to improve long-standing complexity bounds for them.

Keywords: computational geometry,complexity theory
Becoming Muslim: Conversion to Islam and Islamisation in Eastern Ethiopia (BM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Ethiopia,Belgium,United Kingdom
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1031105.0
EU funding (EUR): 1013849.51
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Why do people convert to Islam? The contemporary relevance of this question is immediately apparent."Becoming Muslim" will transform our knowledge about Islamisation processes and contexts through archaeological research in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, and examine this in comparison to other regions in sub-Saharan Africa via publication and a major conference. Assessing genuine belief is difficult, but the impact of trade, Saints, Sufis and Holy men, proselytisation, benefits gained from Arabic literacy and administration systems, enhanced power, prestige, warfare, and belonging to the larger Muslim community have all been suggested. Equally significant is the context of conversion. Why were certain sub-Saharan African cities key points for conversion to Islam, e.g. Gao and Timbuktu in the Western Sahel, and Harar in Ethiopia? Archaeological engagement with Islamisation processes and contexts of conversion in Africa is variable, and in parts of the continent research is static. This exciting 4-year project explores, for the first time, Islamic conversion and Islamisation through focusing on Harar, the most important living Islamic centre in the Horn of Africa, and its surrounding region. Islamic archaeology has been neglected in Ethiopia, and is wholly non-existent in Harar. Excavation at 5 key sites: 2 shrines, 2 abandoned settlements, 1 urban site, will permit evaluation of urban Islam, the veneration of saints, pilgrimage and shrine based practices, rural Islam, architecture and jihad, changes in lifeways, and early and comparative evidence for Islam and long-distance trade, through analysis of, e.g. architecture, epigraphy, burial orientation, imported artifacts, and faunal and botanical remains. Although it is fully acknowledged that conversion to Islam and Islamisation processes are not universal, my project is groundbreaking in developing and applying a transferable methodology for the archaeological explanation of "Becoming Muslim" in sub-Saharan Africa.
Secure COnnected Trustable Things (SCOTT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Electronic Components and Systems
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: ECSEL (Art-187)
Countries involved: Austria,Austria,Spain,Spain,Ireland,Austria,Germany,Germany,Spain,Spain,Austria,Spain,Ireland,Norway,Finland,Poland,Sweden,Sweden,Norway,Finland,Poland,Sweden,Belgium,Belgium,Netherlands,Netherlands,Portugal,Portugal,Brazil
Call: ECSEL Key Applications and Essential Technologies (IA) (H2020-ECSEL-2016-2-IA-two-stage, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2020-10-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 38792404.47
EU funding (EUR): 10227963.65
Participants: 61
Project status: CLOSED

Creating trust in wireless solutions and increasing social acceptance are major challenges to achieve the full potential of the Internet of Things. SCOTT, with 57 key partners from 12 countries (EU + Brazil), will provide efficient solutions of wireless, end-to-end secure, trustworthy connectivity and interoperability to bridge the last mile to the market (TRL 6-7). SCOTT focusses on wireless sensor & actuator networks and communication in mobility, smart infrastructure and health, thus addressing essential European societal challenges and significantly contributing to burning issues such as Automated Vehicles or Industry 4.0. SCOTT is based on 15 industrial use cases with a focus on cross-domain applications and heterogeneous environments, emphasizing 5G and cloud computing aspects. It uses a standardized multi-domain reference architecture, fully compliant with ISO 29182, which fosters reusability, scalability, and interoperability. Nearly 50 reusable technical building blocks will be developed and utilized, proving cross-domain sharing of trustable wireless technologies and services. Finally, more than 20 tangible demonstrators will be presented all over Europe to a broader public. Following a user-centred design to put security and privacy really in the hands of the user, SCOTT will build up and apply a dedicated Trusted System Development Framework to significantly foster acceptance of SCOTT solutions on the market, including the creation of an unprecedented, standardisable ‘privacy labelling’. SCOTT covers full value chains from silicon to end-users/operators showing full vertical integration. Via reference implementations and open innovation approaches as well as close cooperation with AIOTI and other cluster organizations, SCOTT will establish an attractive, long-term eco-system. Ultimately, SCOTT will foster Europe’s independence for security enabling components and systems and will further boost the growing “internet economy”.

Keywords: security,privacy,trustability,wireless,sensor network,communication bubble,interoperability,cross domain,demonstrator,certification,smart society,cyber physical systems,autonomy,cloud
A novel and revolutionary instrument for the classification and sizing of micro-” and nano- particles in biological, industrial and environmental complex fluids. (Classizer)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: Nanotechnologies
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Accelerating the uptake of nanotechnologies advanced materials or advanced manufacturing and processing technologies by SMEs (H2020-SMEINST-1-2016-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2017-08-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A vast number of industries rely on particle size as a critical process and it stands as a crucial step for the manufacturing of several products such inks, cement, pharmaceuticals, make-up, fertilisers. Particle size is thus a key factor in several - and more and more increasing - industrial sectors and development/manufacturing proceedings such as crushing, homogenization, emulsification, microfluidization when lab measurements are needed to track changes in particle size, and particle stability. The increasing nanotechnology research, the presence of stringent regulatory guidelines to ensure compliance with GMP guidelines are driving the growth of the global particle size analysis market, which is projected to reach USD 256.1 M by 2021, at CAGR of 4.7% from 2016 to 2021. To take advantage of this large business opportunity, we developed ClassizerTM, a particle size analyser built upon our revolutionary patented Single Particle Extinction & Scattering (SPES) for the characterization of micro and nanoparticles or corpuscles suspended in fluids, which enables a cheaper, faster, more reliable and informative characterization in biological, industrial and environmental complex fluids. ClassizerTM outperforms the present alternatives onto the market with respect to the actual instrumentation as it can provide information that are usually foreclosed to traditional technologies, such as distinguishing different compositions of particles in complex fluids, determining the true size distribution of the particles, retrieve information about the shape/aspect ratio of the particles and controlling the presence of aggregates and/or contaminants. This will result in boosting R&D and QC processes during lab scale or industrial production of micro and nanoparticles, while the analysis can be performed in- line, so to adjust the processes parameter in real time, with consistent time and cost saving

Keywords: particle smart characterization,food,fluids,drug delivery systems,cosmetics,environment,smart healthcare,food nano particles sensoring
Resolving Precariousness: Advancing the Theory and Measurement of Precariousness across the paid/unpaid work continuum (REsPecTMe)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Social World and Its Diversity
Panel description: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, education sciences, communication studies
Countries involved: Belgium
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-10-01
End date: 2025-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2486875.0
EU funding (EUR): 2486875.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The traditional dichotomy of paid (productive or waged) versus unpaid (reproductive or unwaged) work marginalizes unpaid work when conceptualizing precariousness, i.e. the exposure to unpredictability towards an individual’s future. It also neglects several types of unpaid work such as care work, work as a precondition for welfare payments, and newly emerging on- and offline work in the gig economy for which people in paid work are not compensated or where it is used to access paid work. A novel scientific perspective is needed, which breaks the paid/unpaid distinction, and rethinks precariousness on the paid/unpaid work continuum by uncovering the unpaid activities that increasingly underlie paid employment as a source of ‘value’ creation in the labour market. ResPecTMe will generate a new theoretical model of, and a measurement approach and monitoring tools for, precariousness at the paid and unpaid work continuum. Using my unique experience of studying workers’ subjectivity within their societal contexts, I will achieve this by i) using a sequential mix of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to study precariousness at the paid/unpaid work continuum, and its social effects, in three core areas of work (i.e. care, crowd/gig- and creative), across and within eight European countries; ii) developing a comprehensive theory of precariousness at this continuum; iii) generating a valid, standardized and multi-indicator measurement (i.e. survey module) of precariousness at this continuum; iv) implementing monitoring tools for precariousness at the European level (i.e. rotating module for ESS and EPM). The theoretical knowledge, the measurement and the monitoring tools will address ongoing scientific and social challenges on how to study precariousness by innovating current conceptualisation of work in the scientific and policy community dealing with precarious work.

Keywords: precariousness,unpaid work,employment,sociology of work