Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Machine Vision in Everyday Life: Playful Interactions with Visual Technologies in Digital Art, Games, Narratives and Social Media (Machine Vision)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Panel description: Literary studies, cultural studies, study of the arts, philosophy
Countries involved: Norway
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-08-01
End date: 2024-07-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1999547.0
EU funding (EUR): 1999547.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

In the last decade, machine vision has become part of the everyday life of ordinary people. Smartphones have advanced image manipulation capabilities, social media use image recognition algorithms to sort and filter visual content, and games, narratives and art increasingly represent and use machine vision techniques such as facial recognition algorithms, eye-tracking and virtual reality. The ubiquity of machine vision in ordinary peoples’ lives marks a qualitative shift where once theoretical questions are now immediately relevant to the lived experience of ordinary people. MACHINE VISION will develop a theory of how everyday machine vision affects the way ordinary people understand themselves and their world through 1) analyses of digital art, games and narratives that use machine vision as theme or interface, and 2) ethnographic studies of users of consumer-grade machine vision apps in social media and personal communication. Three main research questions address 1) new kinds of agency and subjectivity; 2) visual data as malleable; 3) values and biases. MACHINE VISION fills a research gap on the cultural, aesthetic and ethical effects of machine vision. Current research on machine vision is skewed, with extensive computer science research and rapid development and adaptation of new technologies. Cultural research primarily focuses on systemic issues (e.g. surveillance) and professional use (e.g. scientific imaging). Aesthetic theories (e.g. in cinema theory) are valuable but mostly address 20th century technologies. Analyses of current technologies are fragmented and lack a cohesive theory or model. MACHINE VISION challenges existing research and develops new empirical analyses and a cohesive theory of everyday machine vision. This project is a needed leap in visual aesthetic research. MACHINE VISION will also impact technical R&D on machine vision, enabling the design of technologies that are ethical, just and democratic.

Keywords: new media,game studies,cinema studies,photography studies,digital culture,human computer communication,surveillance studies,critical theory,computer vision,selfies,social media
RETORNO: Interventions on Social Determinants of Health: A comparative study of returned migrants from the UK and Spain post-Brexit referendum (RETORNO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-04-12
End date: 2022-04-11
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 112466.88
EU funding (EUR): 112466.88
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Migration policies in EU countries interact with structural social determinants of health (unemployment, social/health insurance, housing provision, pension schemes), unequal social structures (gender, ethnicity, class), intermediary social determinants (working and living conditions, health and social care systems) and social cohesion/capital. Consequently, return migration’ interventions for social determinants of health (SDH) may work well in one context to reduce social health inequalities but inadequately in others. This study will develop an evidence-based context-sensitive theory of how intra-EU returned migrants’ health could be improved using the case study of return migration between the UK and Spain post-Brexit referendum. It will aim to explore how Brexit could affect health and social care services provision for returned migrants and the implications for different stakeholders (migrant NGOs, Embassies/Consulates, health and social care staff, policy makers); to classify interventions for SDH to understand for whom, under what circumstances, in what respects and why they may impact returned migrants health inequalities; to identify contextual factors and main mechanisms triggered by interventions and how these impact health outcomes, focusing on gender inequalities; and to provide a co-produced theory on how public policies may impact EU citizens after residing in other EU member states. The study will use an innovative realist synthesis methodology with nested co-production stakeholder workshops in five methodological phases: 1) Consolidate scope; 2) search for evidence; 3) appraise studies and extract data; 4) synthesize evidence and draw conclusions; 5) disseminate, implement and evaluate. Anticipated findings will provide policy makers with stronger evidence to support future national and European policies based on complex changing socio-economic realities that impact EU returned migrants’ health, while adding to migration movements´ theory.

Keywords: return migration,interventions on social determinants of health,migration policies,health inequality
IMPACT OF SENSORY AND STRESSFUL STIMULI IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL OF CHRONIC MIGRAINE (SENSOMIG)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-09-01
End date: 2024-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Migraine is a neurological condition affecting 18% of the population worldwide, of whom 80% are women, and yet it is poorly understood and undiagnosed, mainly because research into migraine is the least publicly funded of all neurological illnesses relative to its economic impact. Migraine presents as recurrent attacks of disabling headache accompanied by neurological symptoms, including increased sensitivity to visual and auditory stimuli (sensory hypersensitivity). These debilitating symptoms significantly impair the quality of life of patients ranking migraine as the 2nd most common cause of years lost to disability globally, raising the total annual cost of the disease to more than €111 billion only in the EU. As an MSCA fellow, I will receive crucial training at VHIR to investigate the sensory hypersensitivity experienced by migraine patients. I will use a preclinical model of migraine to study the brain hypersensitivity to sensory and stressful stimuli by using a multidisciplinary approach. A four-month secondment at University of Hamburg will complete my training in neuroimaging and improve my existing collaborators’ network. The research objectives include 1) Set-up the chronic migraine model in rat with in vivo neurophysiological recordings, 2) Characterisation of behavioural and neurophysiological responses to stimuli in chronic migraine rats, and 3) Description of specific brain areas involved in responses to stimuli in chronic migraine rats by using neuroimaging studies. SENSOMIG will generate ground-breaking outcomes of the hypersensitivity to stimuli seen in migraine, that will allow the development of a new preclinical model and eventually of new therapeutic targets. Results will be published in high-impact open-access journals and presented at conferences, press and social media to target scientific and lay audiences. This proposal will result in the establishment of a permanent new line of research for which I will be the principal investigator.

Keywords: migraine,sensory and stressful stimuli,preclinical model,behavioural tests,neurophysiology,neuroimaging,nociception
A new generation of AptaSensors (APTASENS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Spain,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2019-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 239191.2
EU funding (EUR): 239191.2
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of this project is to design different next generation libraries of biosensors that will yield ready-to-go analytical tools against any target in unprecedented speed and high affinity. The project intends to focus on aptamers, a new generation of recognition elements that will be integrated into bioelectronics devices. The huge number of candidates to be tested using a combinatorial trial and error approach will be radically reduced by rationalizing the strategy to design the aptamers. A new virtual screening process will be used for the generation of aptamers by the help of modern molecular modelling tools. The design and binding of large database will be created and screened by adding or mutating molecule bricks (amino acids and DNA), minimizing experimental tests and therefore reducing the research costs. These sensor elements will be organized in medium to high density nucleic acid and peptide arrays with different transducing principles. In particular, we will design and produce an electrochemical sensor array platform based on screen printing technology together with suitable extraction- and pre-concentration procedures by coupling aptamers to nanoparticles. The analytical procedures produced will be tested using first standards and then real samples. The target molecules will be analytes related to health and safety control (Xenobiotics: e.g. PCB, pesticides. Mycotoxins: e.g. patulin, nivalenol, Antioxidants: e.g. resveratrol, luteolin). The proposal has strong focus on development of concrete evolutionary new biosensors for application to diagnostics, food, terrorism threat agents, environmental and new frontiers analysis such as bioanalysis in the space.

Keywords: dna and peptide aptamers,computationally driven selection,analytical chemistry,biosensors,electrochemical detection schemes,xenobiotics,mycotoxins,antioxidants
Cellular navigation along spatial gradients (GRADIENTSENSING)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Panel description: Structure and function of the cell, cell-cell communication, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, growth, development, evolution of development, organoids, stem cells, regeneration, therapeutic approaches
Countries involved: Austria
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2016-COG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-04-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1984922.0
EU funding (EUR): 1984922.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Gradients of extracellular signalling molecules are a central concept in biology: for example gradients of guidance-cues such as chemokines position migrating cells in development, malignancy and immunity. Because immune cells are permanently motile, their function most critically depends on spatiotemporal orchestration by a large family of chemokines. To specify direction, concentration differences of the chemokine need to be interpreted by the migrating cell. Most mechanistic knowledge about eukaryotic gradient sensing is inferred from the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum migrating towards soluble gradients of cyclicAMP. The biology of chemokines is much more diverse, e.g. gradients can take different shapes and, importantly, they do not only emerge in the soluble but also in the immobilized phase. In this proposal we suggest to address the principles of leukocyte chemotaxis using convergent system wide, cell biological and intravital approaches. Employing a newly developed, genetically tractable primary leukocyte system, we will test the contribution of spatial and temporal signalling paradigms of gradient sensing. Quantitative microscopy will be used to image cellular responses to engineered immobilized and soluble chemokine gradients of defined shape as well as to optogenetically triggered signals. In a complementary approach we will screen for proteins responding to chemokine signalling and perform the first genome wide genome editing-based loss of function screen for directionally persistent chemotaxis and haptotaxis. Findings will be validated in vivo to guarantee physiological relevance. In a support project we will precision-engineer the genome of primary leukocytes suitable for assaying migration. A unique combination of cellular, genetic, engineering and quantitative microscopy tools will allow this new and holistic approach to a question which is not only fundamental for immunology but also for understanding development and cancer biology.

Keywords: chemotaxis,migration,leukocyte,chemokine,dendritic cell,gradient sensing,g protein coupled receptor signalling
Macro Experiments on Reflexivity and Economic Crises (MacroReflEx)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Economic Sciences
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168277.2
EU funding (EUR): 168277.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The MacroReflEx project studies fiscal policy design in the aftermath of an economic and a sovereign debt crises, like the ones that the Euro area has experienced following the 2007-8 financial crisis. The key research question is whether or under which conditions fiscal consolidation or fiscal stimulus is more desirable in such an economic downturn. Expectations of the economic actors play a central role, both in worsening economic downturns and in determining the success or failures of policies. For this reason, the project uses an original combination of laboratory experiments and heterogenous agent models that both put a strong emphasis on the understanding and the modeling of expectations dynamics. Controlled laboratory environments recreate an environment in which expectations play a key role in shaping the aggregate dynamics, just like in real economies, but without assuming a specific expectation mechanism that may influence the conclusions of the exercise, as forecasts are directly elicited from the subjects. The experiments will shed light on three issues: Under what conditions can one observe bubble-like behavior that may amplify negative shocks? Are policy announcements able to revert those expectations and dampen those amplification mechanisms? If spreads are partly driven by non-fundamental factors, does it call for more fiscal consolidation or more stimulus? The project then elaborates on the forecasts data collected in the experiments, and develops an heterogenous agent model with two objectives. First, the resulting model will provide a behavioral explanation of the observed patterns in the experiments. Second, it will allow us to perform a systematic policy analysis, both regarding ex ante, preventive policies, and ex post, counter-cyclical interventions. A particular challenge is to design a fiscal rule that summarizes in a systematic way the action of fiscal authorities, and can decrease the likelihood and the impact of such fiscal crises.

Keywords: macroeconomics,sovereign risk,fiscal policy,experimental economics,heterogeneous agent models
Flight Critical Wireless Slip Ring for Civil Tiltrotor (Constance)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Flight critical wireless slip ring for a civil tiltrotor (H2020-CS2-CFP04-2016-02, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 64.0
Total project cost (EUR): 861530.0
EU funding (EUR): 748405.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Slip rings for transferring power and data commonly form the interface between a rotating environment and a stationary domain. For aerospace applications, currently only conventional slip rings, with brushes, are on the market. The technique is proven, fairly reliable and robust, but there are clear drawbacks: wear, size and compromised signal integrity due to electrical noise. A few commercial wireless slip rings are now available, however not designed and certified for aerospace applications. Flight-critical applications in harsh environments require a fault-tolerant design. The future need for qualification has to be taken into account from the start of the development. The call for proposal asks for the development of wireless slip rings for power and data transfer for a flight-critical application within the Next Generation Civil Tiltrotor (NGCTR). This CfP is a technical and industrial challenge, which provides an opportunity for improving competitiveness on this important improvement part of the NGCTR program of the CS2 work plan. For the development of Constance, NLR will combine their tiltrotor experience from the FP5 TILTAERO and FP7 NICETRIP programs with their patented wireless slip ring design and knowledge from the Contra-Rotating Open Rotor project of the CS2 Smart Fixed Wing Aircraft program. The distinguishing feature of the Constance slip ring is the specific orientation of the rotor and stator parts of the contactless slip ring which makes the design mechanically robust, safe and fault tolerant up to high rotational speeds. For the extension towards the flight-critical application on the tiltrotor the expertise of DDC Electronics Ltd. on power converters will be fully incorporated into the proven technology. In Constance, three redundant slip ring assemblies with flight clearance will be delivered to the topic manager for ground and flight testing on their NGCTR and two models will be used for extensive qualification tests. Constance will end the project with TRL 6.

Keywords: flight critical wireless slip ring civil tiltrotor
Malaria Parasite Networking: Discovering Modes of Cell-Cell Communication (MalPar.NET)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy
Panel description: The immune system, related disorders and their mechanisms, biology of infectious agents and infection, biological basis of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, innovative immunological tools and approaches, including therapies
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, is a devastating parasitic disease effecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The parasite’s transmission cycle between humans and mosquitoes involves a remarkable series of morphological transformations. While it is clear that, for such a complex journey, the parasites must develop means to sense their host and coordinate their actions; these modes of communication remain one of the greatest mysteries in malaria biology. In fact, since an individual parasite is enclosed by three membranes inside its human host, the red blood cell (RBC), they were not thought to possess any communication ability. However, we discovered that these parasites, despite the multiple barriers, are able to communicate and exchange episomal genes by releasing exosome-like vesicles, thereby opening the exciting new field of malaria parasite communication. Our initial data demonstrate that these vesicles serve as a secure tool for the delivery of remarkable components. The overarching goal of this proposal is to take an innovative look at this under-investigated area of parasite sensing and signalling pathways and to decipher the multiple layers of parasite and host signalling networks. Specifically, we will determine the biological roles of Plasmodium exosome cargo components in: parasite-parasite communication - exploring parasite coordination traits in cell-density growth and sexual development (Objective 1); and parasite-host communication - unravelling the mutual communication of the parasite and its hosts, the red blood and immune cells (Objective 2). Simultaneously, we will exploit our experience in cell communication research to investigate the complementary, yet-to-be-explored mode of parasite communication via the secretion of small molecules (Objective 3). Our project will provide a holistic view of parasite communication networking while potentially providing, in the long term, novel targets for malaria therapeutics.

Keywords: extracellular vesicles exosomes,cell cell communication,host parasite interactions,small molecules secretion
Limitless Timeseries Analysis to open up Big Data applications in Transportation (TransDB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: France
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-1, 2019)
Start date: 2019-08-01
End date: 2020-01-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The transportation sector is being flooded with incremental amounts of data that go far beyond imagination. Thanks to the advent of wireless technology, sensor technology and information processing, public, commercial and private vehicles stand at the verge of sending all their data –an expected 120 TB per private vehicle per month– into the cloud. Connected and unmanned transportation can only be launched successfully upon resilient, secure and efficient data handling in real time. Though it currently faces various enormous challenges in engineering, regulations, lack of standardized technology and tools, and acceptance, one of the most crucial challenges is data processing. Due to design of today´s database solutions, this data cannot be adequately processed. Managing this data appropriately would create new value to existing and new stakeholders in the Transportation market and have beneficial economic and social impact. We are QuasarDB SAS, a French IT company, and since 2014 we have offered a timeseries database system that allows financial analysts to dig through real-time data to rapidly retrieve useful information and trends. Since 2018 we have developed TransDB, a highly resilient database solution for the Transportation market that combines large scale storage and instant querying. TransDB is a seamless, analyst friendly and top performing solution to any kind of real-time data that connected vehicles produce. TransDB supports European transportation to have economic, environmental, social, and financial impact on a daily basis. Due to the high impact of fast and resilient solutions and the high market demand in the Transportation market, novel data processing solutions are expected to push this market to the next level. With this Phase I project, we want

Keywords: autonomous vehicle,edge computing,time series database system,automated transport,connected vehicles,unmanned vehicles,real time data proessing