Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Microscopic Image Processing, Analysis, Classification and Modelling Environment (MIRACLE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye,France,Greece,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2014-02-28
Duration (months): 46.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212000.0
EU funding (EUR): 189000.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of this exchange scheme is to establish a long-term research co-operation at an international level and to create new research opportunities in the emerging area of microscopic image processing. To this day, analysis of histology images of the human tissue biopsies remains the most reliable way of diagnosing and grading cancer. Our work on the computer-aided classification and rating of histology images is motivated by the fact that there is significant inter- and intra-rater variability in the grading and diagnosis of cancer from histology slides by human experts. Computational histopathology can assist the pathologists in making their grading and diagnosis reproducible, and by providing useful quantitative measures. Therefore, this new research will result in significant health benefits for patients. In this exchange programme, young researchers in Ph.D. programmes will be trained in a virtual lab consisting of facilities from Bilkent University (Turkey), The Ohio State University (USA), University of Warwick (U.K.), the University of Caen (France), and ITI-CERTH (Greece). As a result of this collaboration, image processing algorithms and software for images of follicular lymphoma will be developed, workshops will be organised, joint scientific papers will be published, including a proposal for a special issue in a respected scientific journal on the topic of microscopic image processing.

Keywords: technological sciences,health sciences
Modeling Brain Circuitry using Scales Ranging from Micrometer to Nanometer (MICRONANO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Computer science and informatics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-04-01
End date: 2016-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2495982.0
EU funding (EUR): 2495982.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

If we are ever to unravel the mysteries of brain function at its most fundamental level, we will need a precise understanding of how its component neurons connect to each other. Furthermore, given the many recent advances in genetic engineering, viral targeting, and immunohistochemical labeling of specific cellular structures, there is a growing need for automated quantitative assessment of neuron morphology and connectivity. Electron microscopes can now provide the nanometer resolution that is needed to image synapses, and therefore connections, while Light Microscopes see at the micrometer resolution required to model the 3D structure of the dendritic network. Since both the arborescence and the connections are integral parts of the brain&apos;s wiring diagram, combining these two modalities is critically important. In fact, these microscopes now routinely produce high-resolution imagery in such large quantities that the bottleneck becomes automated processing and interpretation, which is needed for such data to be exploited to its full potential. We will therefore use our Computer Vision expertise to provide not only the necessary tools to process images acquired using a specific modality but also those required to create an integrated representation using all available modalities. This is a radical departure from earlier approaches to applying Computer Vision techniques in this field, which have tended to focus on narrow problems. State-of-the-art methods have not reached the level of reliability and integration that would allow automated processing and interpretation of the massive amounts of data that are required for a true leap of our understanding of how the brain works. In other words, we cannot yet exploit the full potential of our imaging technology and that is what we intend to change.
Integrated Method for Policy making using Argument modelling and Computer assisted Text analysis (IMPACT)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Destination: ICT for Independent Living, Inclusion and Governance
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Netherlands,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Germany,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ICT-2009-4, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2124119.0
EU funding (EUR): 1610000.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The IMPACT project will conduct original research to develop and integrate formal, computational models of policy and arguments about policy, to facilitate deliberations about policy at a conceptual, language-independent level. These models will be used to develop and evaluate innovative prototype tools for supporting open, inclusive and transparent deliberations about public policy. To support the analysis of policy proposals in an inclusive way which respects the interests of all stakeholders, research on how to use methods from the field of computational linguistics to mine arguments from data resources distributed throughout the Internet will be conducted. Prior research on using argumentation schemes to generate focused surveys, minimizing noise and the need for manual moderation, will be extended in this project to support argumentation schemes needed for policy deliberations and generate surveys in multiple languages. Research will also be conducted on how to visualize arguments about policy, building on previous research by the participants, but extended to visualize relationships between arguments and policies, in multiple languages. An abstract Application Programmers Interface (API) for the services required by the toolbox from content management systems will be defined, using existing standards whenever feasible, and implemented on top of a number of Open Source content management systems which have been successfully developed or used in European eParticipation and other “Web 2.0” or “Social Web” projects. The tools in the argumentation toolbox will be designed and implemented as advanced Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) to increase usability and help overcome the digital divide and facilitate consultations across languages and cultures.

Keywords: policy modelling and simulation,argumentation toolbox,eparticipation,structured consultation,argument mining,argument and policy visualization,rich internet applications
Regulation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli by DnaA (DNAA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 32.0
Total project cost (EUR): 66666.67
EU funding (EUR): 66666.67
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In all organisms, the duplication of the genetic material is a coordinated and precise event. Chromosomes are replicated only once per cell cycle and when over or under replication take place, cell proliferation is severely hindered. In nearly all bacteria, the coordination of the chromosomal replication is dictated by DnaA. In Escherichia coli, DnaA initiates the replication by binding DNA sequences in the origin of replication (oriC). DnaA can only initiate DNA replication when is bound to ATP. Specifically, DnaA-ATP binds DNA elements and stimulates the unwinding of the origin of replication. Once the replication is started, Hda, a DnaA related protein, stimulates the intrinsic ATPase activity of DnaA to convert the active ATP-bound form to the inactive ADP-bound form. Regulation of the DnaA-ATP level in the cell is a crucial but poorly understood event that we plan to characterize in Escherichia coli. Several uncharacterized suppressors of Hda deficiency, in which DnaA-ATP/ DnaA-ADP ratio is affected, have been isolated in Anders Løbner-Olesen’s lab. We plan on identifying and characterizing these mutants. It has been postulated that the ATPase activity of DnaA could constitute a system that senses the metabolic level of the bacterium and coordinates it with DNA replication. One attractive model suggests that the availability of dNTPs during the cell cycle could determine DnaA activity. Our aim is to establish the first evidence of a mechanism linking metabolism with DNA replication, through the control of the cellular pool of dNTPs. In fixed cells, DnaA was shown to localize to the membrane. We will investigate the dynamics of wild type DnaA localization and its known ATPase mutants using a novel fluorescence microscopy technique in living cells. We wish to develop this new approach to localize other essential component of the DnaA regulatory circuit that can otherwise not be examined by conventional fluorescence microscopy techniques.

Keywords: escherischia coli,dna replication,dnaa,natural sciences
THE ENIGMA OF SUPERSOLIDITY (SUPERSOLID)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 57.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1815150.0
EU funding (EUR): 1815150.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A « supersolid » is a quantum solid inside which a fraction of the mass is superfluid. The coexistence of solid and superfluid properties is paradoxical and its understanding is a challenge attracting many research groups since its discovery in helium by Kim and Chan in 2004. The existence of anomalies in the rotational inertia of solid helium around 100 mK has been confirmed. They are accompanied by a peak in the specific heat and by astonishing anomalies in the elastic properties. It is now generally accepted that supersolidity is due to the presence of disorder in the samples: dislocations, grain boundaries, helium 3 impurities &amp;However, in our opinion, nobody understands how which kind of disorder is responsible for the observed supersolidity. Although the characterization of disorder in solid helium samples is a difficult task, we have a long experience of crystal growth in helium and a dilution refrigerator with optical access which allows direct observation of the crystals during their growth, an essential control of their quality. We know how to prepare either polycrystals , disordered single crystals or very high quality single crystals. We propose to study the elastic properties and the rotational inertia of solid samples with known disorder. In most previous experiments one had to guess what was the crystal quality. With dc-flow experiments and ion mobility measurements, we also propose to investigate the predicted superfluidity of grain boundaries and dislocation networks. After clarifying the respective role of defects and impurities in solid helium, and thanks to the international collaboration we propose, we should be able to progress in the understanding of supersolidity, hopefully to discover its nature.

Keywords: quantum solids
Dendrimers for photonic devices (DPHOTOD)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Research Staff Exchange Scheme
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden,Germany,Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IRSES, 2009)
Start date: 2010-10-01
End date: 2013-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 228600.0
EU funding (EUR): 228600.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this interdisciplinary research project is to develop synthetic methods toward new types of dendrimers with tetrapyrrolic core and (indolo)carbazole dendrons, to reveal and analyse physical and chemical mechanisms of control of the luminescence response of dendrimers, and to create a basis for their resulting applications as molecular photonic devices. Combined efforts of synthetic chemists, spectroscopists and theoreticians from Western and Eastern Europe will be applied to achieve this aim. New types of dendrimers with tetrapyrrolic core possessing promising luminescent features, will be synthesized. Physical and chemical mechanisms of manipulation of their optical response will be revealed and analysed with using diverse spectroscopic approaches including steady-state and transient absorption, luminescence, fluorescence line narrowing, infra-red and Raman spectroscopies, luminescence microscopy and single molecule detection at ambient and low temperatures. The two-photon absorption spectroscopy will be applied for the design of infra-red light harvesting antennae and nonlinear optical devices. Theoretical methods will be applied to obtain the optimized molecular conformation of the dendrimers and to establish the pathways of the migration of excitation energy. The realization of this project will lead to the deeper understanding of fundamental processes of light energy transformation in supramolecular systems, which provides the basis for the design of efficient luminescent sensors and photonic devices that will be available for broad implementation.

Keywords: dendrimers,(indo)carbazole dendrons,dendritic encapsulation,tetrapyrrolic core,fluorescence,phosphorescence,energy transfer,molecular recognition,sensors,macromolecular chemistry
Sparse Tensor Approximations of High-Dimensional and stochastic Partial Differential Equations (STAHDPDE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1349564.0
EU funding (EUR): 1349564.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The present project addresses numerical analysis and algorithmic realization of sparse, adaptive tensor product discretizations of partial differential equations (PDEs) in high dimensions with stochastic data. The aim of the project is to develop mathematically founded adaptive algorithms which are based on sparse tensorization of hierarchic Riesz bases or frames. These will be hierarchic multilevel bases in the physical domain, either Finite Element wavelet type bases or hierarchical, multilevel bases. In the parameter domains corresponding either to random inputs or to phase spaces in transport problems, spectral type representations of ``polynomial chaos&apos;&apos; type shall be employed. Mathematical aim is to analyzed for a classes of elliptic and parabolic PDEs on high or possibly infinite dimensional parameter spaces adaptive, deterministic and dimension independent solution methods with convergence rates superior to those afforded by Monte Carlo Methods, in terms of accuracy vs. complexity. Algorithmic work will address design of data structures with minimal overhead for the efficient realization of the sparse tensor approximations. Applications include space-time adaptive solvers for elliptic, parabolic and certain parametric hyperbolic PDEs, nonlinear approximate spectral representations of nonstationary random fields, scale-resolving solvers of elliptic and parabolic problems with multiple scales with complexity independent of the number of scales, and sparse, adaptive numerical solvers for parametric transport problems. The project will be in collaboration with coworkers in France, Germany, UK, The Netherlands. The project involves mentoring postdocs and predocs who will be actively involved in all aspects of the research, as well as a teaching component.

Keywords: computational mathematics,uncertainty quantification,adaptive,foundation of random fields,nonlinear approximation
Tropical Geometry (TROPGEO)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1928800.0
EU funding (EUR): 1928800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of this project is to develop Tropical Geometry, a newly emerging kind of algebraic geometry. It is expected to be more powerful than Classical Geometry in a range of applications (particularly in Physics-minded applications). In the same time it is significantly simpler in several mathematical aspects. In the last decade a number of initial applications of this new geometry has appeared with a success, particularly in the framework of the so-called Gromov-Witten theory, based on curves, i.e. 1-dimensional algebraic varieties. The new subject became known as Tropical Geometry since algebraically it is a based on the so-called ``Tropical Calculus'' of Computer Science. In the tropical world the curves are metric graphs, sometimes enhanced with additional structure. Stepping forward from my recent successes in set-up and application of Tropical Geometry I plan to continue this work. Particularly I plan to advance the following challenging lines of research: Solve several classical complex enumerative problems, particularly compute ZeuthenÕs characteristic numbers. Develop tropical homology theories. Advance the theory of amoebas and coamoebas (algae) of algebraic varieties. Advance understanding of real algebraic geometry. Establish direct relation between Feynman diagrams and tropical curves. Break Òthe Gromov-Witten barrierÓ in Enumerative Geometry. Develop birational tropical geometry in higher dimensions. These directions are intrinsically related in their scope and suggested methodology. Some of the proposed goals are very ambitious, but even partial advances would mean a big step forward.

Keywords: tropical and enumerative geometry,gromov-witten barrier,amoebas,homology theories and hodge structue
Operator Algebras, Free Probability, and Groups (OAFPG)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Mathematical foundations
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1612171.0
EU funding (EUR): 1612171.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Starting with Voiculescu&apos;s pioneering work on free probability from 1983, there has for more than 25 years been a strong development in mathematical research on the interrelations between operator algebra theory, probability theory and group theory. The PI has over the last 10 years made several important contributions to this development. The aim of the project is to target some of the main open problems in this area, such as the isomorphism problem for free group factors and Connes&apos; embedding problem for finite factors. The project will take place at University of Copenhagen in close contact with its well established group in operator algebras.

Keywords: von neumann algebras,c*-algebras,free probability,random matrices,groups,group algebras
Critical Phenomena in Random Systems (CRIPHERASY)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (ERC-2009-AdG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2098800.0
EU funding (EUR): 2098800.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to get a theoretical understanding of the most important large-scale phenomena in classical and quantum disordered systems. Thanks to the renormalization group approach the critical behaviour of pure systems is under very good control; however disordered systems are in many ways remarkably peculiar (think for example to non-perturbative phenomena like Griffiths singularities), often the conventional approach does not work and many crucial issues are still unclear. My work aims to fill this important hole in our understanding of disordered systems. I will concentrate my efforts on some of the most important and studied systems, i.e. spin glasses, random field ferromagnets (that are realized in nature as diluted antiferromagnets in a field), Anderson and Mott localization (with possible experimental applications to Bose-Einstein condensates and to electron glasses), surface growth in random media (KPZ and DLA models). In this project I want to pursue a new approach to these problems. I aim to compute in the most accurate way the properties of these systems using the original Wilson formulation of the renormalization group with a phase space cell analysis; this is equivalent to solving a statistical model on a hierarchical lattice (Dyson-Bleher-Sinai model). This is not an easy job. In the same conceptual frame we plan to use simultaneously very different techniques: probabilistic techniques, perturbative techniques at high orders, expansions around mean field on Bethe lattice and numerical techniques to evaluate the critical behaviour. I believe that even this restricted approach is very ambitious, but that the theoretical progresses that have been done in unveiling important features of disordered systems suggest that it will be possible to obtain solid results.