Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Earth Under Surveillance. Climate Change, Geophysics and the Cold War Legacy. (TEUS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain,France,France
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1367751.0
EU funding (EUR): 1367750.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

The development of geophysics of the last century has become more relevant to contemporary research. This is because much of the data accumulated in the past have allowed mapping many features of the Earth. Thanks to this information scientists can now appreciate long term changes in climate and environment. However, the data now available were not put together for this purpose. A big leap forward in geophysics materialised during the Cold War, when civilian and military research agencies promoted its expansion in developed countries. Actually, it was the confrontation between Superpowers that boosted the discipline. Some of its branches developed because of the search for oil and uranium in the emerging nuclear arms race. New techniques of geophysical surveying became known especially because of the requirements of nuclear warfare. Western European research groups were deeply involved in geophysical research because US funding organisations (partly through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO) encouraged international collaboration. US/European collaborative programmes covertly aimed at gathering data and techniques and they paralleled US and European intelligence operations. This project aims at revealing how the geosciences developed during the Cold War, looking at the network of institutions that promoted a new understanding of the Earth, and the motives in play in expanding geophysical studies. It will focus on scientific and intelligence programmes to find out how they complemented each other. The impact of the proposed research is far reaching promoting new scholarly approaches based on team-based analysis; cross-examination of empirical evidence; and international cooperative work. TEUS will be greatly beneficial to the expansion of the recent history of science and technology. And it will also have an impact on current security studies by shedding new light on the relationship between the geosciences and intelligence organisations.

Keywords: geophysics,intelligence,scientific institutions,remote sensing,cold war
International Law and Non-liberal States: The Doctrine and Application of International Law in the Russian Federation (INTLAWRUSSIA)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: Estonia
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The central research question of our project is: what impact does the increasingly non-liberal orientation of the government of the Russian Federation have on the Russian doctrine and practice of international law? As the West and Russia hope to further build their relationship on international law, is it still the same international law that they are talking about? We aim to provide systematic empirical evidence on the use and conceptualization of international law in the Russian Federation. But we intend to go further than that. The project has also a wider theoretical ambition since we intend to analyze the situation in Russia as an example of something beyond Russia itself, namely from the viewpoint of the question of how non-liberal States understand and practice international law. Whether non-liberal States 'behave worse' in respect to international law than liberal States is one of the most important debates in the post-Cold War international legal theory. To combine these two questions - Russia and how non-liberal States relate to international law - promises ground-breaking new insights. Our method includes, beside obvious classical tools of international legal research, using IR theories of constructivism and liberalism. Moreover, we will conduct interviews with Russian judges, politicians and legal academicians in order to get a more nuanced and realistic view on the conceptualization and use of international law in Russia. Besides the PI, the research team includes two post-doc scholars at the Faculty of Law of Tartu University. Three doctoral student positions are also foreseen in the project.

Keywords: international law,human rights,the russian federation,non-liberal states
By the Rivers of Babylon: New Perspectives on Second Temple Judaism from Cuneiform Texts (BABYLON)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The study of the human past
Countries involved: Netherlands,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1200000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

This project has the potential to radically change current understanding of cultic and social transformation in the post-exilic temple community of Jerusalem (c. 6th-4th centuries BCE), an important formative phase of ancient Judaism. “BABYLON” draws on recent, ground-breaking advances in the study of cuneiform texts to illuminate the Babylonian environment of the Judean exile, the socio-historical context which gave rise to the transformative era in Second Temple Judaism. In particular, these new data show that the parallels between Babylonian and post-exilic forms of cultic and social organization were substantially more far-reaching than presently recognized in Biblical scholarship. “BABYLON” will study the extent of these similarities and explore the question how Babylonian models could have influenced the restoration effort in Jerusalem. This goal will be achieved through four sub-projects. P1 will study the social dynamics and intellectual universe of the Babylonian priesthood. P2 will finalize the publication of cuneiform archives of Babylonian priests living in the time of the exile. P3 will identify the exact areas of change in the post-exilic temple community of Jerusalem. P4, the synthesis, will draw from each of these sub-projects to present a comparative study of the Second Temple and contemporary Babylonian models of cultic and social organization, and to propose a strategy of research into the possible routes of transmission between Babylonia and Jerusalem. The research will be carried out by three team members: the PI (P1 and P4), a PhD in Assyriology (P2) and a post-doctoral researcher in Biblical Studies specialized in the Second Temple period (P3 and P4). The participation of the wider academic community will be invited at two moments in the course of the project, in the form of a workshop and an international conference. “BABYLON” will adopt an interdisciplinary approach by bringing together Assyriologists and Biblical scholars for a much-needed dialogue, thereby exploding the artificial boundaries that currently exist in the academic landscape between these two fields.

Keywords: assyriology,biblical studies,cuneiform culture,second temple judaism,neo-babylonian archives,cult and priesthood,comparative studies
Intergenerational correlations of schooling, income and health: an investigation of the underlying mechanisms (INTGEN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2010-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 631600.0
EU funding (EUR): 631600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of this project is to use rich Swedish registry data to learn about mechanisms behind intergenerational correlations. Typically, considerably effort has been spent on estimating correlations between outcome variables, such as education and income, for parents and children. However, the estimated correlations are driven by the causal effect of the parental variable of interest as well as unobservable factors such as other family background related variables and a part that is due to genetic transmission between parent and child. Disentangling these parts is very difficult and only recently has researchers made serious attempts to disentangling these different parts. However, findings vary widely across methods and this literature is still in its infancy. Among questions we ask are: How much of the association between outcome variables for the child and a parent is due to a causal effect from the parental variable, and how much is transmitted through unobservable family factors and genetic transmission? What are the intergenerational transmission and channels for life expectancy and health? What is the importance of genes-environmental interaction? Has the importance of genes, environment and its interactions for the intergenerational associations changed during the growth of the Scandinavian welfare state? How many generations does it take for ancestors placement in the income distribution to not longer matter for life success? These questions are directly relevant for policy, and relate to classical social science issues such as inequality of opportunity and level-of-living in general. The innovativeness of this project is based on using the uniqueness of Swedish registry data (ideal to answer these questions), with which one can match biological and adoptive parents, children and siblings, and hence can identify whether children are reared by their biological or adoptive parents, for the population of Swedes.

Keywords: intergenerational transmission,causality,education,income,life expectancy
Human Embodied MultiSensory Development: An investigation of the construction of embodied multisensory experience in human infancy and early childhood (HEMSDEV)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2009-StG, 2009)
Start date: 2009-12-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1227752.0
EU funding (EUR): 1227752.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We perceive our body and peripersonal environment through multiple sensory modalities. The distance receptors (e.g., vision and audition), provide information about stimuli in both personal and extrapersonal space. The direct receptors (e.g., touch and proprioception) provide information about the body and external stimuli impinging on the body. Having multiple modalities bestows advantages by providing complementary and independent sources of information about the environment and consequently makes our responses more efficient. However, integrating the senses across the body also presents computational problems for the human nervous system. For example, in order to locate in the visual field an object perceived through touch we must take account of the current posture of the body. In this application I propose a two-phase programme of research directed at investigating how infants and children develop multisensory representations of their limbs and bodies and stimuli impinging upon their bodies (embodied multisensory development). Phase 1 (years 1-3) will undertake a cross-sectional investigation into the developmental time-course of emerging body representations, utilizing a number of behavioural and physiological measures (EEG). The paradigms and findings of Phase 1 will then be used to inform the design of Phase 2 (years 3-5), which will investigate the causal drivers of developmental change in body representations at a behavioural and brain-systems level using a variety of longitudinal and clinical methods.

Keywords: body representation,embodied perception,infancy,cognitive development,multisensory processes,eeg
Development and field test of an efficient YBCO Coated Conductor based Fault Current Limiter for Operation in Electricity Networks (ECCOFLOW)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: Smart energy networks
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Italy,Italy,France,Spain,Switzerland,Spain,Slovakia,Germany,Spain,Sweden,Germany,Germany,Slovakia,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2009-1, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4637451.0
EU funding (EUR): 2696365.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims at developing a unique device for electricity networks: A superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) based on coated conductor YBCO tape (cc-tape) or 2nd Generation HTS tape. The general trend in Europe to a higher meshing of distribution networks and the rapid growing integration of renewable energy sources leads to an increase of the fault current level by every new installation. As substations ratings are coming to their limits network operators have to either decline additional installations to their grids or to upgrade if not rebuild complete substations. The SFCL provides a solution to deal with the increasing incidence and level of fault currents and will contribute to improving the performance, stability and efficiency of electricity grids. It can be applied as a new tool for grid operation and will enhance the flexibility for further grid planning. SFCL are considered to be the most attractive superconducting devices as they offer unparalleled features compared to conventional techniques such as automatic ultrafast and effective current limitation, no external trigger (fail safe), rapid self recovery and negligible impedance during operation. In contrast to conventional solutions resistive type SFCL are also suitable for higher voltage levels. So far developed SFCL prototypes based on BSCCO material are exhibiting significant AC-losses at higher currents which oppose their commercial introduction. Today, the availability of cc-tape in longer lengths at reasonable cost makes a commercial breakthrough of FCL possible with unique features such as compactness, short recovery-time, low AC-losses. Leading industrial and academic institutions from Europe have teamed up to design, build, and test the first full 3-phase cc-tape FCL worldwide. The device will be long term tested or even permanently installed in the medium voltage grid. The strong demand for this device is emphasized by the large number of electric utilities participating as partner

Keywords: hts device superconducting fault current limiter ybco tape efficient electricity networks marketability
Dense membranes for efficient oxygen and hydrogen separation (DEMOYS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,France,Germany,Switzerland,Germany,Italy,Spain,Poland,Germany
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2009-1, 2009)
Start date: 2010-05-01
End date: 2014-07-31
Duration (months): 51.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5164084.6
EU funding (EUR): 3442696.0
Participants: 15
Project status: CLOSED

Membranes for oxygen and hydrogen separation play a key-role in the development of CO2 emission-free coal or natural gas power plants. In addition, cost-effective oxygen and hydrogen production processes are urgently needed in gas supply industry. Today existing membranes, however, are not able to meet the requirements for an economical use because of the high costs in combination with limited permeability values and long-term stability in the operating environment. The objective of this project is, therefore, the development of thin mixed conducting membranes for O2 and H2 separation by using a new deposition technique “Low Pressure Plasma Spraying – Thin Film” (LPPS-TF) in combination with nanoporous, highly catalytic layers. TF-LPPS is a technique based on a combination of thermal spray and Physical Vapour Deposition technology. It allows the cost-effective production of thin, dense coatings on large areas at low substrate temperatures and has already successfully been used for the deposition of membranes for the solid oxide fuel cells. In this project both ceramic and metallic substrates will be used for deposition. It is expected that, by using the LPPS-TF process a dense, stable deposit with thickness lower than 20 micron can be obtained. This would allow to increase membrane performances while decreasing their manufacturing costs. Catalytic layers will be also applied to enhance the surface reactions becoming rate limiting for thin membranes. Membrane performances will be assessed in pilot loops in order to meet specific targets in terms of permeability and stability at temperature. A modelling study concerning the integration of the developed membranes in power and hydrogen production plants will be also performed. This will provide inputs for process scale-up and cost evaluation in the selected plant configurations in order to approach zero CO2 emission and a CO2 capture cost of 15 €/ton.

Keywords: mixed conducting membranes,oxygen separation,hydrogen separation,co2 zero emission,igcc cycles,oxyfuel
Carbon Dioxide Capture and Hydrogen Production with Membranes (CACHET II)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Netherlands,Greece,China,France,Norway,Italy,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2009-1, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5235327.6
EU funding (EUR): 3899944.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Hydrogen membrane reactors are an attractive technology for pre-combustion carbon dioxide capture in both coal and gas fired power stations because they combine the efficient conversion of syngas into hydrogen fuel with capture of the remaining carbon dioxide in one reactor. The carbon dioxide is produced at high pressure, reducing the compression energy for transport and storage. CACHET II project will develop innovative metallic membranes and modules for high capacity hydrogen production and separation from a number of fuel sources including natural gas and coal. The DICP membrane developed in FP6 project CACHET along with novel seal and substrate technology will be scaled up and undergo long term stability testing. An optimisation design tool will be built to include the relationship of all key operating parameters; this tool will be used to specify an optimised pilot and commercial membrane module design. The project will research novel binary and tertiary palladium alloys for improved durability and permeance for application to solid based fuels derived syngas and high temperature integrated reforming processes. Fundamental research on high temperature sulphur removal systems will enable sulphur tolerant membranes to become an economic possibility.

Keywords: carbon dioxide capture,membranes,palladium,palladium alloys,pre combustion capture
Large-scale CCS Transportation infrastructure in Europe (COCATE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Energy
Destination: CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero emission power generation
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,France,Norway,Netherlands,Netherlands,South Africa,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-ENERGY-2009-1, 2009)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2012-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4555430.0
EU funding (EUR): 2994968.0
Participants: 10
Project status: CLOSED

All ongoing projects on CO2 transport are focusing on CO2 coming from power plants having their own CO2 capture process. No single project considers multiple different smaller sources. The technical problems involved are different, due to the multiple combination of fumes and CO2 mixtures; further, the need of a low pressure pooling network adds additional complexity to the problem. The objective of this project is to study the particular problem involved in combining such small emitters. Some geographical zones are already considering grouping the fumes collected from different emitters in order to reduce treatment costs. This is the case for the Le Havre (France) and Rotterdam (Netherlands) CCS projects. Both could be part of a future CCS demonstration projects network. Flue gases could stream to common CO2 capture facilities, and CO2 could be collected and shipped at a large scale to storage sites. In COCATE we address safety, lifetime and economic issues, in order to fill and explore the following technological gaps: -Impurities: thermodynamic studies -Corrosion: coatings, impurities impact, modelling -Dynamic transport instabilities, simulation tool, modelling: network management -Simulation of critical onshore and offshore failure predicting flow behaviour and environmental impact (high pressure), physical modelling: risk assessment -Applicable macro and micro economical business models. The project deliverables will directly support companies (both technically and through a risk framework) that will have to apply CCS processes. This will be achieved by a strong link between research organisations and industries from 4 EU countries and 1 CSLF country. The application of different export scenarios based on Le Havre and Rotterdam real cases, considering pipes or boats and different storage sites, will generate guidelines for small emitters and will support the ongoing CCS South African projects actually focused only on capture and storage problems.

Keywords: co2 transport,collecting network,safety,lifetime,corrosion,thermodynamics,stability