Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
A Global History of Technology, 1850-2000 (GLOBAL-HOT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499789.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499789.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

What role did technology play in the age of colonization and globalization? The proposed project, A Global History of Technology, 1850-2000 (GLOBAL-HOT), explores this vital question. Traditional histories written about this period usually trace the wide circulation of mainstream technologies—from railways and telegraphs to container ships and mobile phones. The standard narrative claims these technologies supported colonialism and later triggered globalization—the growing uniformity and homogenization of lifestyles and practices worldwide. GLOBAL-HOT challenges this linear view of technology and globalization. Another feature of traditional histories is their focus on the Global North—Europe and North America. A Global History of Technology counterbalances this focus by expanding the research to include the long-neglected Global South: Asia, Africa, and Latin America. By analyzing these continents’ artifacts, infrastructures, and practices—whether indigenous, imported, or hybrid—we will revise standard accounts of users in the Global South as passive recipients of artifacts and consumer goods. The GLOBAL-HOT project team seeks to support three key hypotheses: 1. Technologies circulated between the Global North and the Global South. Artifacts and material systems did not flow in one direction only: from North to South, e.g., from Europe to the rest of the world. 2. The development and use of technologies took on a variety of forms—not a single, “globalized” form—in various parts of the world. 3. The local appropriation of globally circulating artifacts and technical solutions was primarily a highly specific and often contested process. The overarching goal of the project is to increase our understanding of the relationship between the development and use of technologies—whether for construction or harvesting, transportation or cooking, for example—in Europe and the rest of the world. Thus, we can better grasp the realities of global technologies.
Chinese Heritage Tours and Adoptive Origin Stories: Towards a Transnational Adoptive Field (OriginStories)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Netherlands,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-09-01
End date: 2019-12-22
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 260929.8
EU funding (EUR): 260929.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

China became the largest source of adopted children worldwide since its Transnational Adoption Program in 1992.As adoptees are coming of age, some are interested in exploring their roots. Concurrently, as international adoptions come under the scrutiny of critical groups in sending and receiving countries, heritage tours have become a popular way to satisfy the needs of different actors involved: from adoptive families seeking the youths’ roots to economically minded tour operators and adoption agencies, to critical Western-based civil society groups who advocate psychological benefits for adoptees, such a resolution to their emotional befuddlement. Heritage tours are thus where transnational kinning practices are played out, different notions of belonging intersect, and broader state and organizational interests meet. Thus, these tours constitute the ideal case for studying the transnational family-making process from a truly transnational perspective. Through a detailed comparative study of how adopters and adoptees in Spain and the US-the countries with the largest number of Chinese adoptees-Chinese first parents, and Chinese and Western heritage tour agencies negotiate their different interests, my research will facilitate one of the first multi-sited and multi-actor perspectives on transnational kinning practices through transnational adoption. The study brings together recent literature on transnational families and transnational adoption and uses mixed methods from the social sciences and humanities to build a Transnational Adoptive Field approach intended to provide a comprehensive and cross-country comparative way to study transnational adoptive family-making processes and involves ethnographic fieldwork in three different countries, interviews with key stakeholders and narrative analysis. In a wider sense, this inquiry is a case through which we may scrutinize the shifting meanings that re-define familial and national belonging in today’s globalizing world

Keywords: transnational adoption,migration,heritage tours,transnational families,transnationalism,kinship,china
Evolution and Impact of Heterochromatin on a Young Drosophila Y chromosome (UNICODE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Panel description: Genetics, epigenetics, genomics and other ‘omics studies, bioinformatics, systems biology, genetic diseases, gene editing, innovative methods and modelling, ‘omics for personalised medicine
Countries involved: Austria
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2015-STG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1971846.0
EU funding (EUR): 1971846.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The transition from euchromatin to heterochromatin is a fundamental process that particularly reshaped the epigenomic landscape of Y chromosome. Its definitive genomic underpinning and broad functional impact are still unclear, as heterochromatin (e.g., that of human Y) is usually too repetitive to study. I have previously demonstrated that, the young Y (‘neo-Y’) chromosome of Drosophila miranda has just initiated such a transition, thus is a powerful model to unveil the evolution, regulation and functional interaction of heterochromatin. I showed that this neo-Y still harbours over 1800 genes, and only 20-50% of the sequences are transposable elements (TE). Over five years, I aim to: 1) precisely resolve the structure and insertion sites of TEs as a pre-requisite for studying heterochromatin, by combining state-of-art sequencing and bioinformatic techniques. 2) I will reveal the de novo heterochromatin formation triggered by TE insertions or the heterochromatin/euchromatin boundary shifts on the neo-Y, by comparing the binding profiles of histone modification hallmarks and insulator proteins of D. miranda to its sibling species D. pseudoobscura, which lacks the neo-Y. Such epigenomic changes have likely driven the exaptation or innovation of small RNA pathways that govern the TE mobility. 3) I will then identify the responsible small RNAs and their encoding loci, which are expected to have newly emerged or differentially expressed in D. miranda relative to D. pseudoobscura. 4) Finally, I will develop CRISPR/Cas9 in D. miranda to manipulate the expression of TEs encoding such small RNAs on the neo-Y, in order to scrutinize how TE/heterochromatin evolution on the Y would impact the chromatin landscape of the entire host genome. The combined aim of this multidisciplinary project is to generate a framework for understanding the basic mechanisms of how heterochromatin evolves; and open a new avenue toward the discovery of Y chromosome function beyond male determination.

Keywords: y chromosome,heterochromatin,evolution,small rna,transposable element
Protocol for heavy duty hydrogen refuelling (PRHYDE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: FCH2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Belgium,France,France,United States,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Refueling Protocols for Medium and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (H2020-JTI-FCH-2019-1, 2019)
Start date: 2020-01-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 33.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3167078.16
EU funding (EUR): 1494417.0
Participants: 12
Project status: CLOSED

The objective of the proposal is to build the foundations of non-proprietary heavy duty refueling protocols for large tank systems (larger than 10kg), such as the ones found in heavy duty hydrogen applications. The consortium of PrHyde involves all the types of stakeholders linked with hydrogen HD refuelling. It and is therefore well suited to take end user needs, learnings from existing light duty protocols, learnings from the field, requirements for heavy duty applications, existing prior work (e.g. HyTransfer), considerations for improvements and requirements for safety into account and combine those into a proposal for a protocol that meets long term customer needs. Key metrics are refueling time, potential for cost reduction and ease of use. Although the consortium is formed by a large variety of companies, further partners are involved through a series of workshops to make sure the wider industry perspective is captured. The protocol to be developed is validated by simulation and experimental work on single tanks and multi-tank systems, showing that the proposed protocol works as intended and the understanding of thermodynamic effects on large, multi-vessel systems is adequate. Performance specifications for components and application-to-infrastructure communications are a planned by-product of the project. The results of the project will be used to develop an international standard for wide reach and adaptation outside of the project scope. The work will enable the widespread deployment of hydrogen for heavy duty applications, such as trucks, trains, etc. but also transport systems. The results are both a valuable guidance for station design, but also the prerequisite for the deployment of a standardized, cost effective infrastructure. To maximize impact, solutions are developed for pressure levels of 35MPa, 50MPa and 70MPa and non-gaseous storage options are analyzed and benchmarked against current state of the art storage and refueling performance.

Keywords: heavy duty refueling,refueling protocol,hydrogen,35 mpa,50 mpa,70 mpa
Spin Hall-Based Analog to Digital Encoder for Ultra-Compact Sensor Nodes (SHADE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 207312.0
EU funding (EUR): 207312.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Low-power and compact analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is essential for sensor nodes as a link between the sensor and data processing. In restricted-area and high-speed sensors such as image sensors, each pixel needs a compact ADC for parallel data conversion. CMOS implementations of such ADCs have faced three challenges: 1) the difficulty of integrating ADCs with sensors in every pixel due to the large area of analog circuits exacerbated by poor scaling of analog circuits in CMOS, 2) the high static power of analog data converters, 3) limited resolution of CMOS ADC directly related to the process variations. Enormous effort has been devoted to addressing the challenges in such ADCs. Different types of ADCs from single-slope to delta-sigma have been investigated to achieve this, however, they are still far from the required area, resolution and power-density of the sensors. SHADE proposes a novel breakthrough approach benefiting from the small footprint of spintronics into the current ADC architectures. This has solutions for both voltage- and time-mode ADCs. SHADE will lead to at least three orders of magnitude smaller area in comparison with the state-of-the-art ADCs. The voltage-mode approach eliminates the memory array interfacing between the ADC and processor leading to a significant power-saving. SHADE is a major step towards filling the huge gap between the area of ADCs and the available pitch of pixels. The main objectives of this project are to characterize and model the behavior of the magnetic element containing both switching and oscillation features, design and simulation of both voltage- and time-mode quantizers through a developed model, adapting the quantizer with different types of ADCs usually used in sensors and fabrication and testing of ADCs. My experience in device modeling, integrated circuit design and spintronics together with expertise in the host and the secondment have put me in a unique position to run such a promising project.

Keywords: spin hall sh effect,analog to digital converter adc,spintronics,magnetic tunnel junction mtj,device circuit co design,hybrid technology,fabrication
smARt Monitoring Of distribUtion netwoRks for robust power quality (ARMOUR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Information Science and Engineering
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-10-15
End date: 2022-10-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

General awareness about the smart grid technologies has improved in the last decade due to various energy liberalization actions taken by the European Union. However, the lack of well-developed technologies, has been main cause of slow acceptance of smart grids. This calls for the identification of unexplored research areas in smart grids. Positive outcomes of the research can help in laying down new and well-defined standards for the smart grids and associated intelligent technologies. A convenient and easily integrable product can also help in encouraging various distribution system operators to accept the new technologies. Massive amount of data is already being collected from the distribution networks using smart meters. Rapid advancements in machine learning research have opened up new avenues for data utilization in smart grid. Forerunners like DEPsys (a smart grid technology company based in Switzerland), have now simplified the distribution system data for further analysis and research. A critical concern raised by DEPsys customers, is their inability to trace the source of power quality issues in the distribution network, which in-turn leads to both energy and economic losses over time. This project builds up on existing infrastructure of DEPsys and aims to be an AMROUR (by improving robustness) for distribution networks against power quality events. The main objectives are: (i) leveraging machine learning for condition monitoring and tracing power quality events, and (ii) to develop a smart grid technology which assists the distribution system operators in prevention and diagnosis of power quality events.

Keywords: smart grids,power quality,power distribution networks,machine learning,signal processing,grideye,condition monitoring,detection,prediction
The workings of metacognition in decision-making (Meta_Mind)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United States,United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2018-01-02
End date: 2021-01-01
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 269857.8
EU funding (EUR): 269857.8
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

Decision-making is one of the most fundamental parts of our daily life. Undoubtedly, when having to select a course of action reflective monitoring and control of our decision process (metacognition) is of crucial importance. For instance, when a doctor has to make a medical decision, information from different sources are being accrued and combined to form a diagnosis (e.g., information from MRI images and from the anamnesis), but when a doctor is uncertain about the quality of the decision additional tests can be considered. Despite the importance of effective decision-making in all aspects of life, it’s currently unclear how our metacognitive system operates and how common factors such as sleepiness and tiredness, well known to induce fragmentation of cognition, influence our metacognitive abilities. In sum, at the moment it remains unclear how and when we are capable of knowing that we know and knowing how we perform. In this proposal, I will outline an innovative research program that investigates the psychological and neural mechanisms of metacognition, thereby intersecting the relationship between cognition, consciousness and wakefulness. I will combine computational modeling, state-of-the-art methods from neuroscience and experimental designs from cognitive psychology and sleep research, thus optimally exploiting and expanding my scientific expertise. Moreover, I will reveal how our metacognitive capabilities are affected by sleepiness, providing valuable practical input for modern societal challenges related to tiredness while working or driving.

Keywords: metacognition,consciousness,decision making
4FOLD Reduction of the International Transport of Empty Containers by Folding (4FOLD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Small business innovation research for Transport (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2014-10-01
End date: 2015-03-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Due to the global imbalance of import and export ca. € 25 billion a year is spent on repositioning empty containers, and unnecessary emissions of CO2 , NOx and PM are generated. The technical solution proposed by Holland Container Innovation Nederlands (HCI) for this economical and environmental problem is the 4FOLD foldable container. This concept is IP protected by HCI by 8 patents. 4 folded 4FOLD containers stacked upon each other have the same dimensions as one empty container, thus enabling the reduction of the number of transport movements by up to 75%. This proposal fits within the topic “IT.1-2014-2015. Small business innovation research for Transport” of the work programme “Smart Green and Integrated Transport”. The 4FOLD container strengthens the European transport sector by making container transport more time and cost efficient, creating new jobs, and tackling the aforementioned environmental and mobility defies. Currently, the 4FOLD container of HCI is the first 40ft foldable container in the world that has received both the CSC and ISO certifications. This prototype is at TRL7 as it is being demonstrated in an operational environment in 3 small international pilot projects. In this project the technical feasibility of commercial production is assessed, the environmental and financial benefits are quantified in a model, a partner search for a demonstration project with 500 – 1,000 4FOLD containers is conducted and the preliminary business plan is elaborated by including a market implementation roadmap. The long term ambition of HCI is complete replacement of the conventional 40ft container for the transport of freight on sea, rail and road, starting with the introduction of 200,000 4FOLD containers before 2020. Key parameters in HCIs business proposition are technological maturity, strong marketing approach, early involvement of all major stakeholders in the transport chain, and a convincing demonstration project to be executed within the next 3 years.

Keywords: container innovation foldable shipping logistics transport sustainabilty
Connecting Bronze Age Europe: High-precision Radiocarbon Dating 1700-1500 BCE (JOINTIME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2018-09-01
End date: 2020-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200194.8
EU funding (EUR): 200194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Through synergies between archaeology and physics, JOINTIME proposes to provide the first reliable radiocarbon-driven grid synchronising critical parts of Europe, from Scandinavia over the Carpathian Basin to the Aegean, between 1700 and 1500 BCE. Building on mathematically advanced software pioneered by AU Astronomy & Physics (AMS unit), this time-geography will be used as a springboard to pursue answers to the main project question: when and where the Bronze Age was first consolidated as a geographical and culturally interweaving process. This will further prompt comparisons with prevalent macro-models and involves testing an alternative frame recently proposed by AU Dept of Archaeology: here the Bronze Age is conceptualised as an interconnecting web-like process, which unfolded decisively c. 1700-1500 BCE when large tracts of Afro-Eurasia became knit by bronze and by many other transactions. Jointime aims to pinpoint the mode, direction and intensity of sociocultural interactions in the decisive period of Bronze Age consolidation. The anticipated results will be ground-breaking in Bronze Age studies as well as beyond. The project is timely since advanced modelling methods are now available and rich data are merely awaiting targeted, systematic and explorative analyses. The training of Tibor-Tamás Daróczi as experienced researcher at AU will ensue along these interdisciplinary lines in tune with the objectives of the planned research. The training will follow a detailed scheme of supervision and courses, with a full integration into the hosting department of archaeology and with a transfer to the AMS unit twice a week: embracing elements from scientific statistics to culture theory. His academic network will complement the ones of the host and guarantee mutually beneficial success. Passion, stamina and curiosity will ensure completion of the fellowship and results of excellence. The obtained skills crossing natural sciences and SSH will ensure high employability

Keywords: bronze age,radiocarbon dating,bayesian statistics,bronzization glocalisation,directionality of material culture dispersal,mobility,socio cultural change