Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Advancing traffic safety through the investigation of human tolerance to impact (BIO-ADVANCE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-07-01
End date: 2014-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168896.4
EU funding (EUR): 168896.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Motor vehicle crashes are responsible for more than 1.2 million deaths a year and predictions for 2020 place them as the third leading contributor to the global burden of disease and injury (WHO, 2004). Restraint systems have reduced the number of fatalities and injured occupants over the last decades and great expectations are placed on the contribution to safety of active systems. And yet, achieving the optimum protection for all kind of car passengers (women, pediatric, elderly) still remains a challenge. Restraint systems are designed based on the results from simulated crashes using either physical models (crash test dummies) or computer models. The quality of the results from these simulations relies on the ability of the models to behave like a real human occupant, i.e. on the biofidelity of the models. The closer model to a human living is a cadaver or a Post-Mortem-Human-Subject (PMHS). PMHS tests constitute the best assessment of new restraint systems and the major source of data to improve the biofidelity of the aforementioned models. The BIO-ADVANCE proposal aims to develop and establish the procedures to start the first research program involving PMHS testing in Spain. After four years of experience managing and directly performing several series of frontal and oblique simulated PMHS impacts, the researcher will carry out the required adaptation of the crash facility of the University of Zaragoza (host institution) to the particularities of PMHS testing. This proposal brings also into play the collaboration with the European Center for Injury Prevention to procure the donated bodies and to investigate injury causation and tolerances to impact. The structural goal of BIO-ADVANCE is to capacitate the University of Zaragoza so that PMHS tests can be performed in its current crash test facility. The research goal is to investigate on the kinematics of the human spine in frontal and oblique impacts performing six fully instrumented PMHS sled tests.

Keywords: biomechanics,injury prevention,injury criteria,restraint systems,frontal impacts,oblique impacts,crash test dummies (atd) assessment
Mid-Infrared Fibre Lasers (MIDFIL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-22
End date: 2015-02-21
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The key goal of MIDIR project is the knowledge transfer from the Marie Curie International Incoming Fellow Dr J. Li with strong background in fibre laser science and technology and unique knowledge and skills in the specific area of mid-infrared (mid-IR) fibre lasers to the EU host – Photonics Research Group (PRG) of Aston University in establishing a new research direction and training the young post-docs, Ph.D and Master students. MIDIR will also aim the knowledge transfer to 4 EU co-host Universities: Leeds Univ., Heriot-Watt Univ., Tamper Univ. and Universie de Mons – to collaboratively research in novel mid-IR fibre laser science and technology. In addition, Dr J. Li will carry out industry placement with two EU industrial co-hosts - Arden Photonics and DUOMO Ltds specialised in optical fibre equipments and in manufacturing and supplying gas safety equipment and CO2 monitors - to explore the applications and commercialisation. We have defined five objectives for knowledge-transfer: (1) Research knowledge transfer; (2) Research methodology and Skill transfer; (3) Training and co-supervision to Aston Ph.D students; (4) Establishing long term international collaboration; (5) Intra-Europe knowledge transfer. The proposed novel research in mid-IR fibre lasers will be embedded into the activities within these five workpackages. Dr J. Li’s expertise and knowledge can be integrated with the Aston PRG advanced fabrication technology to develop novel mid-IR fibre lasers and contribute to the science, technology and applications in this area. The proposed intra-Europe collaboration with the four Universities and two industrial companies will not just lead to new development of advanced high power mid-IR fibre lasers but also enhance the EU leading position in this research area and competiveness in commercial market. Furthermore, the proposed overall training programme will forest the next generation scientists and engineers for Europe research community and industry.

Keywords: physics,applied optics
Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance studies of high-performance battery electrode materials (NMRHIPBAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-04
End date: 2015-02-03
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The long-term objective of this project is to develop the next generation of lithium ion battery (LIB) electrode materials with high energy capacity and efficiency, fast charging rate, long lifetime, low cost. These properties are needed for practical applications of rechargeable LIBs in electric cars and socio-economic transition from fossil fuels to cheap, clean, and renewable energy sources. The immediate objective is to study conversion-type electrode materials, particularly the Li/RuO2 system, which has an energy capacity of more than 7 times higher than the currently available LiCoO2 battery electrode, is the only conversion reaction close to 100% coulombically efficient, and exhibits all ideal properties as an electrode. We aim to use insights from the study of this novel compound to improve the functioning of cheaper systems such as FeF3. The structural chemistry and dynamics of Li/RuO2 will be studied by state-of-the-art ex-situ and in-situ multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy and other complementary techniques, such as electrochemical analysis, X-ray diffraction/absorption, and electron microscopy. The changes in structure and dynamics of Li/RuO2 after charge/discharge will be revealed by ex-situ NMR, while the meta-stable chemical phases during battery charge/discharge will be detected by in-situ NMR. Dynamic properties will be studied over a broad temperature range. The electrochemical performance and safety issues will also be evaluated. This study will provide information on what structural features and dynamics of electrode materials will yield desirable battery performance and help select/design materials with optimal electrochemical performance and low cost for the next generation of LIBs. This study will benefit areas including energy, transport, environment, and economy by setting the basis to provide a strong energy storage system for the transition to cheaper, cleaner, and renewable energy sources such as solar and wind

Keywords: physical sciences,technological sciences,energy storage,reversible lithium ion battery,high performance,solid state nuclear magnetic resonance
Specific functions of individual Cdc42 and polarity protein variants in cellular processes and glioblastoma progression (CDC42 AND GLIOMA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 193594.8
EU funding (EUR): 193594.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Rho-GTPase Cdc42 is a key regulator of the actin and microtubule network, thereby regulating cellular processes like cell polarization and motility or membrane traffic. Two isoforms of Cdc42 exist; one ubiquitously expressed, the other being brain-specific. Most studies have focused on the former and specific functions of the brain-restricted variant remain obscure. Recent observations from Etienne-Manneville’s lab uncover an isoform-specific alteration of Cdc42 expression in glioblastoma, a most invasive type of brain tumour, leading us to investigate the individual functions of each variant. In this project, we will compare the intracellular localization patterns of the two isoforms and investigate the underlying targeting mechanisms. The individual subset of binding partners will be analyzed, as well as how alterations of Cdc42 variants expression may affect membrane protrusion, polarization and motility in normal astrocytes. Results will then be compared to that of reconstituted or RNAi-treated glioblastoma cells, in order to define the consequences of abnormal expression of Cdc42 isoforms in the invasiveness of brain tumour cells. Furthermore, variants of the polarity proteins aPKC and Par6, which were also found to be misregulated in glioblastoma, will be analysed for their individual relevance in the context of migration and polarity. Understanding the regulatory background leading to the high invasiveness of glioblastoma is most important, as single tumour cells commonly infiltrate brain tissue several centimetres away from the main tumour, making a complete surgical clearance impossible. Characterizing “risk factors” in glioblastoma progression, as potentially given by misregulated expression of proteins influencing cell migration and polarity, may furthermore allow predicting more precisely the development of brain tumours and may provide the basis for novel therapies aimed at blocking tumour cell infiltration as a complement to surgical interventions.

Keywords: cell migration,cell polarity,cytoskeleton,actin,tubulin,rho-gtpases,cdc42 isoforms,astrocytes,brain tumours,glioblastoma
The role of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) on the development and extend of eutrophication-driven hypoxia and responses to global warming. (DON-HYPO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 181418.4
EU funding (EUR): 181418.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Coastal hypoxia is a mounting problem worldwide that has been recognised as a major threat to marine coastal biota. The decline in dissolved oxygen can affect ecosystems structure and functioning. Managerial efforts to prevent hypoxia and recover ecosystems that have already been affected by hypoxia are largely based on nutrient reduction plans. Most nutrient reduction plans are focused on the reduction of the inorganic fraction of the nutrient loadings, particularly in reductions of nitrate and phosphate inputs. However, the concentration of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) frequently exceeds that of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in both marine and freshwaters. Recent studies indicate that many components of the DON pool can play an active role in supplying, directly or indirectly, nitrogen nutrition to phytoplankton and bacteria and may affect community metabolic rates and species composition of the ambient microbial assemblage. Elucidate the role of DON in the development and extend of eutrophication-driven hypoxia is essential to set successful management strategies in order to reduce hypoxia development and recover ecosystems experiencing hypoxia at present, to better protect marine biodiversity. The main goal of this project is to evaluate the role of DON in planktonic and bacterial community metabolic rates, and on oxygen dynamics in the Baltic Sea, the largest coastal area suffering from eutrophication-driven hypoxia. The project also aims to evaluate the effects of global warming in the interaction between DON inputs, metabolic rates and oxygen dynamics. Predictions on effects of global warming and eutrophication in dissolved oxygen dynamics in near and far future are needed to elucidate the consequences of the lack of oxygen on biodiversity and ecosystems structure and functioning. The results of this project could help better protect marine ecosystems, preserve biodiversity and set successful management targets for coastal waters.

Keywords: anthropogenic impact on ecosystems,global change,environmental policies (environmental protection),biochemical and hydrological cycles,eutrophication,metabolic rates,dissolved organic nitrogen (don)
GEOSOX: Geochronology of secondary oxide minerals in bedrock and fluid flow and deformation histories (GEOSOX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2013-07-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 134548.2
EU funding (EUR): 134548.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Secondary Fe- and Mn-oxide minerals are common in crustal rocks, where they form by fluid flow long after initial formation of their host rocks. This fluid flow represents episodes of deformation, magmatic events, hydrocarbon migration, or topographic and climatic changes that drive groundwater flow. Understanding these processes constrains deformation, resources, hydrology, and landscape evolution. This proposal aims to determine deposition ages of Fe- and Mn-oxides from two geologic environments and to relate them via geochemical tracers to fluid migration processes. The two types of deposits to be studied are 1) vein hematite associated with deformation of crystalline rocks; 2) Fe- and Mn-oxide cements and concretions in sandstones. Preliminary analyses show that these are amenable to dating by (U-Th)/He, and their ages commonly reflect those of oxide formation related to known deformation or fluid flow episodes. This project will 1) improve dating methods for these types of secondary oxides, 2) understand the origin and significance of their compositional variability, and 3) document age-composition relationships in secondary oxides in regional transects in order to understand regional integrated fluid flow and deformation. Professor Reiners (Univ. Arizona) is an internationally renowned leader in low temperature thermochronology. The ideal way to transfer his expertise to the european geoscience community is via close collaboration with local researchers. This project, in developing the methodology for constraining fluid flow using secondary oxides, will transfer these skills to CRPG-CNRS through this collaboration. Funding is requested for Reiners to work at CRPG for 12 months. Reiners will initiate a workshop for master's level students on low temperature thermochronology, including a student exchange program. General public outreach activities will include involvement in "La Fete de la Science", Nancy (Oct. 2012).

Keywords: fluid flow,(u+th)-he geochronology,iron oxides,veins,concretions
Direct investigation of the autocatalytic effect in protein fibrillation – from molecular mechanism to macroscopic polymorphism (FIBCAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 228082.2
EU funding (EUR): 228082.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Protein fibrillation is an important research topic in different scientific fields. For example, increased knowledge on protein fibrillation may clarify different aspects related to pathologies like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, which are characterized by the build-up of amyloid fibrils in the involved tissues. An important aspect of fibril formation is the ability of fibril itself to catalyze the fibrillation process, known as secondary nucleation, with the fibril surface playing a still poorly understood role in this mechanism. The present proposal aims to investigate aspects of macroscopic fibril polymorphism in relation to the molecular structure of the fibrils and the molecular mechanism of aggregate growth. The focus will be on the surface properties of the fibrils and their role in determining both the evolution of the aggregate growth and the 3D arrangement. Fibril formation will be studied in vitro for two different systems: insulin and alpha synuclein (aSN). The temporal features of the aggregation process will be studied in different experimental conditions using an approach based on amyloid sensitive probes and dynamic light scattering. A morphological investigation on the macroscopic scale of the occurring species will be performed by means of imaging techniques (atomic force and optical microscopy) and the structural details of these species (both intermediate and mature aggregates) will be investigated by small angle X-ray scattering and X-ray fibre diffraction. Surface structural details will be investigated by a novel approach based on a combined use of SAXS and ultrasonic resonator technology, able to provide quantitative information on the compressibility of the solvent around the aggregate. The catalytic propensity of species with different surface properties will be quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy during seeding experiments, and visualized by confocal microscopy.

Keywords: physical sciences,molecular biophysics,amyloid fibrils,aggregate polymorphism,small angle x-ray scattering
Topological Representation of MV-algebras (TOPREPMVALG)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-04-17
End date: 2015-04-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185763.6
EU funding (EUR): 185763.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Many-valued logics were first considered by J. Łukasiewicz in 1920. MV-algebras were introduced by C.C.Chang in 1958 to prove the completeness theorem for infinite-valued Łukasiewicz logic. In the last 25 years the importance of MV-algebras and Łukasiewicz logic has been increasing, for three main reasons: (i) the discovery of a categorical equivalence between MV-algebras and lattice-ordered Abelian groups with an Archimedean unit; (ii) the deep relations between MV-algebras and polyhedral and toric geometry: suffice to say that the strong Oda conjecture is equivalent to the joint refinability of MV-algebraic bases; (iii) the applications of many-valued logic to the treatment of uncertain information, e.g., in the Rényi-Ulam game of Twenty Questions with errors, i.e., Berlekamp’s theory of feedback error-correcting coding; remarkably enough, the tautology problem of infinite-valued logic is coNP-complete, precisely as its two-valued counterpart. The overall aim of this project is the application of techniques from algebraic topology, polyhedral geometry and functional analysis to the study of the fine structure of MV-algebras and the deductive-algorithmic theory of Łukasiewicz logic. The minimization problem for finitely axiomatized theories and the characterization of projective MV-algebras and its application to unification theory in Łukasiewicz logic, are just two challenging problems, with ramifications to various mathematical areas. These problems will be investigated by refined techniques arising from MV-algebraic representation theory. The basic methodology has been introduced in the applicant’s joint papers with the researcher in charge, published (or to appear) in Communications in Contemporary Mathematics, Forum Mathematicum, Algebra Universalis, Journal of Algebra.

Keywords: many-valued logic,mv-algebra,lattice-ordered abelian group,polyhedral geometry,toric geometry,af c*-algebra,topological representations
Modelling and Inference on brain Networks for Diagnosis (MIND)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-11-01
End date: 2015-11-14
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 275362.5
EU funding (EUR): 275362.5
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Graphs are used in modern neuroscience to represent structural and functional connectivity of the brain acquired using magnetic resonance imaging. A number of pathologies affect these networks: their study holds vast promise for understanding and diagnosing brain diseases. But brain connectivity data is not trivial to process, and the predominant graph-theoretical analysis approach is used mostly at the group level. This project aims at developing imaging markers of neurodegenerative diseases based on recognition of functional and structural connectivity patterns of the brain at rest, for use predictively at the single patient level. The methods will be complementary to existing imaging modalities and clinical practice. The project will address two important tied questions: 1) How can we extract connectivity graphs from neuroimaging data, and perform inference on such graphs? 2) What are the confounds in the subjects or data processing that may impede clinical application of the methods? These questions will be addressed by new theoretical work and experiments with data from early multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease patients. Data preprocessing and estimation of functional connectivity will be evaluated and improved, new algorithms to compare functional and structural connectivity graphs will be developed, and novel multimodal machine learning techniques will be developed to leverage the structural/functional connectivity interaction. Differences in connectivity due to physiological noise, pathological changes, and scanning site will be modelled in depth, and methods for compensating for such confounding factors will be evaluated. The project will advance novel imaging markers with high clinical relevance for two very prevalent neurological diseases in the EU. The project's dissemination stance will foster EU excellence in the emerging science of connectomics, and the fellowship will equip the researcher with skills vastly improving his scientific standing.

Keywords: biomedical engineering,pattern recognition,neuroimaging,brain connectivity,connectomics,neuroinformatics,brain research