Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and Safety in Geothermal Operations (EASYGO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Joint Doctorates
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany,Italy,Switzerland,Netherlands
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2020-11-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3416038.94
EU funding (EUR): 3416038.94
Participants: 4
Project status: SIGNED

How to operate a geothermal system in the most efficient and safe manner? This is the most important and urgent question after a geothermal resource has been identified. EASYGO will answer that question from different perspectives and give high-level training for geothermal operations. The EASYGO programme connects academia, industry and real-scale research facilities to train tomorrow’s leading geothermal-energy experts. These future experts will improve the design and layout of geothermal systems and handle daily challenges during operations. Geothermal energy will play a key role in the energy transition as part of mitigating climate change. Policy makers demand solutions for a sustainable future energy supply. Tackling the challenges of sustainable geothermal operations requires an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach. Integrating geoscientific and engineering drives technology innovation that will be tested at operational sites. EASYGO combines various research projects from these fields under in situ conditions, using large-scale infrastructure available to all researchers. To achieve the main objective, we will work on the whole chain of geothermal operations, from production to power-plant engineering to injection. We will develop novel monitoring concepts, perform real-time simulations, develop system components, assess novel concepts for operations and test operational parameters at the field scale. Our ESRs will work on a specifically identified project but will learn aspects of the entire geothermal operation chain in an outstanding training programme. The mobility plan of EASYGO envisages each ESR will have at least one academic secondment and one industrial secondment. The outstanding training programme is complementary to the excellent research plan. ESRs will meet every six months for an intersectoral training week on related topics and soft skills.

Keywords: geothermal energy,renewables,climate change,real scale infrastructure,earth observation,field tests,monitoring equipment
Unaided Sharp and Continuous Vision in All Daily Activities (SYMBIOSE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: France
Call: SME instrument (H2020-EIC-SMEInst-2018-2020-3, 2020)
Start date: 2020-10-01
End date: 2024-03-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2283528.75
EU funding (EUR): 1598459.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

When getting older, everyone suffers from a loss of visual continuity, either from presbyopia or opacification of the eye’s lens (called cataract). What’s more, cataract surgery likewise leads to presbyopia. Despite continual innovation in the domain of ophthalmological implants called IOLs (intraocular lens), cataract patients do not recuperate sharp and continuous vision. Today, choosing an IOL is a question of constraints and compromises for both the surgeon and the patient. These problems can be relegated to the past thanks to the SYMBIOSE IOLs portfolio. SYMBIOSE IOLs are ophthalmic implants integrating a continuous phase optical profile, patented by Cristalens Industrie. SYMBIOSE IOLs allow continuous, quality vision in all daily activities. In order to validate this product and go to market, Cristalens Industrie faces a twofold challenge: - clinical, to collect enough data demonstrating the complete system’s high performance and thus convince Key Opinion Leaders worldwide, - industrial, to deploy the innovation in a product portfolio and ensure the scale-up of production, intellectual property, regulatory and marketing issues. These challenges define Cristalens Industrie's work program which includes four work packages in addition to management: 1/ Demonstrate the performance of the complete system in 300 patient cases, 2/ Prepare to scale up to ensure manufacturing capacity meets customer demand, 3/ Convince the scientific and medical community, 4/ Remove regulatory barriers and secure IP aspects. Cristalens Industrie aims to establish itself as the innovative leader for the next generation of IOLs.

Keywords: surgery,intraocular lens,cataract,presbyopia,clinical medicine,ageing,clinical studies,scale up
A history of ‘Making Things’ in West Africa, 1920-1980: creating, meaning making and experience (Making in W-Africa)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Austria,Germany,Nigeria
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2022-09-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199642.59
EU funding (EUR): 199642.59
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

This project studies artisans and craftspeople (goldsmiths, bakers, and carpenters) in Ghana and Nigeria, c. 1920-1980, and provides a new history of ‘making things’, by bringing together the history of science and knowledge with economic history. This project makes a critical intervention as it illuminates the broader context and history of entrepreneurial activity and moves beyond a reductive focus on capital accumulation: it provides a new, and historically situated account of people’s engagement with technologies, and highlights the broad range of agency animating entrepreneurial activity. Utilising archival documents, personal papers, oral history, digital humanities and workshops, it elucidates various modes of making, trajectories of craft specialisation, experiences of making and analyses gendered epistemologies of making. The proposed project challenges Eurocentric notions of innovation and technology, brings to light West Africans individual and collective bodies of knowledge of how to engage with adverse colonial and post-colonial economic contexts, and thus helpfully complicates the ways in which African societies form part of growing scholarship on the global history of capitalism and science and knowledge. The project will be carried out in Nigeria, with a secondment in The Netherlands and a return phase in Austria. The ER will learn from leading experts in the history of science and knowledge and economic history, and will acquire skills in oral history and digital humanities. Encompassing publications, an international, interdisciplinary conference, workshops with research participants, inter-sectoral collaboration, teaching activities, continuous public engagement and podcasts, this project is designed to ensure a mutually beneficial exchange of knowledge between the researcher, the host institution, and the partner institution, between European institutions, and to engage a wider public in both the partner and host country.

Keywords: material culture,making,history of knowledge,entrepreneurial practices,ghana,nigeria
The Micro-foundations of Debt Crises (MIDEBT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2019-STG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2025-11-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499969.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499969.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

This project takes a new bottom-up approach to understanding the political roots of government debt crises. It proposes that in order to understand why governments borrow excessively and experience crises, we must first understand what citizens are thinking (or not thinking) about debt policy. Citizens’ preferences are the cornerstone of political theories because they inform policymakers’ incentives. Yet, no studies have systematically examined why citizens in some countries are willing to take steps before a crisis to reduce government debt while others ignore warnings and reward political inaction. This proposal pursues two successive objectives. First, the project will conduct the first comprehensive analysis of individual-level preferences for debt reduction before a crisis. It will develop and test multiple hypotheses that seek to explain which elements of society are (un)supportive of debt reduction policies, what rational or irrational factors motivate their decisions, and how stable these preferences are to manipulation by elites. The analysis centers around original and innovative multi-country survey experiments that elicit the character and stability of preferences for debt reduction. The project’s second phase uses these insights to connect the micro to the macro. By understanding which groups of citizens are motivated by which material factors or cognitive biases, we will develop new theories explaining how the distribution of these groups, and their interaction with institutions, influence political decisions and ultimately affect the risk of sovereign debt crises. This analysis will include two empirical innovations. First, it will include the first ever survey experiment conducted on actual bond traders to determine which country political and economic factors are most important in assessing credit risk. Second, it will produce a new data set of government attempts to engage in debt reduction.

Keywords: debt crises,sovereign debt,public debt,mass politics,international political economy
Cabin nOise reductioN ground Checked by nEw loudspeakeR exciTatiOn (CONCERTO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Italy,Belgium
Call: Innovative Noise Generation System for testing of Regional Cabin Interior Noise reduction (H2020-CS2-CFP10-2019-01, 2019)
Start date: 2020-07-01
End date: 2022-01-31
Duration (months): 19.0
Total project cost (EUR): 736500.0
EU funding (EUR): 549000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The current race for green mobility is changing the design philosophy in all engineering disciplines; this is tangible especially in aeronautical segment, where optimization and innovation are the key for a sustainable future mobility. In addition, the comfort of passengers is a critical issue for both, manufacturer and airlines, and the noise levels in the passenger cabin of turbopropeller-driven aircraft are typically higher than the levels in comparable turbofan-powered aircraft. The sources of noise in a turboprop aircraft include boundary layer flow noise, structure-borne noise due to engine vibration, and acoustic excitation of the fuselage due to the propeller, with the latter being dominant for most turboprop aircraft. According to Clean Sky program, this proposal aims to develop innovative technologies that will be used in the next gen aeronautical transports. The activities related to the CONCERTO project are focused on the development of an innovative cabin/fuselage noise testing equipment for regional aircraft platforms. The equipment will be based on an innovative Noise Generation System (iNGS) aimed to test and validate new technologies for noise reduction in composite cabin of regional aircraft. The current systems effectiveness is limited by the following aspects: • fixed fuselage diameter and fixed position; • absence of a control closed loop for reverberance control; • manual input for each loudspeaker and third-octave band. Developing a smarter and modular system, removing at least such limitations, makes simpler and faster the noise testing phase, that can be difficult due the complex system setup procedures.

Keywords: noise,innovative,testing,noise generation system,regional aircraft,advanced algorithms,reduced test set up,control strategies,real time interface,automatically import,movable structure
Deciphering the long-range modulation of neuronal networks in auditory-guided behavior learning (AudiLearn)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-07-01
End date: 2023-07-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Interpretation of external stimuli is essential for us to interact properly with our environment. In this context, sound is a major sensory information that takes part in social interaction but also alerts of dangers. Auditory stimuli are integrated by stereotyped neuronal circuits where inhibitory neurons play a key regulatory role. These circuits can be modulated for example by learning which allow a better reaction in sensory-guided behaviors. It has been recently suggested that higher-order brain areas feedbacks onto primary sensory cortices are essential in these learning processes as they modulate primary sensory circuits. Yet, less is known about long-range circuits involved in learning processes which allows the animal to respond more precisely to auditory stimuli. The objectif of AudiLearn is to disentangle how higher-order brain areas influence auditory learning. My working hypothesis is that long-range modulation of auditory cortex neurons is reinforced during learning in order to increase their response accuracy. Therefore, AudiLearn aims at (i) identifying neuronal subpopulations of the primary auditory cortex that present changes of activity with learning using in-vivo electrophysiological recordings of neuronal activity in the auditory cortex and optogenetics during an auditory discrimination task in mice, (ii) detect long-range projections onto these neurons using rabies-virus based monosynaptic retrograde tracing and finally (iii) modulate these long-range presynaptic neurons with optogenetics to decipher their role in modulating sensory coding during the auditory learning process. This project will bring a novel insight in auditory coding by identifying long-range modulators of the primary auditory cortex. More generally, it will increase our understanding of the learning-processes that occur in sensory cortices which can be impaired in pathological conditions such as in tinnitus, autism or schizophrenia.

Keywords: auditory cortex,sensory learning,interneurons,optogenetics,rabies virus tracing,neuronal circuits,network modulation,gaba,sensory coding
Standard-Sized Heavy-duty Hydrogen (StasHH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: FCH2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Austria,Austria,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Italy,Italy,Germany,Germany,Germany,Belgium,Poland,Sweden,Sweden,Belgium,Norway,France,France,France,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Netherlands,Denmark,United Kingdom
Call: Standard Sized FC module for Heavy Duty applications (H2020-JTI-FCH-2020-1, 2020)
Start date: 2021-01-01
End date: 2024-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 14315057.05
EU funding (EUR): 7500000.0
Participants: 33
Project status: SIGNED

This project will develop an open standard for heavy-duty fuel-cell modules in terms of size, interfaces, control and test protocols, with the objective of kickstarting the use of fuel cells and hydrogen in the heavy-duty mobility sector, where electrification with batteries is impractical. Multiple modules may be integrated in a system, similar to AA batteries; this will allow using the same modules for multiple sizes. Combined with the standardisation across several sectors (road, offroad, rail, maritime, etc.) represented by participating OEMs, the same modules will address a large pooled market. The size of the market, and the availability of multiple module suppliers (8 in this project alone) will create a fair competition environment where OEMs may choose and change vendors, driving down prices and activating a virtuous cycle through economies of scale and achieving one of the main goals of the FCH JU's Work Programme in the heavy-duty mobility sector. This project will also produce prototypes form 8 leading FC vendors, which will then be thoroughly tested by two independent institutes for compliance with the open standards produced by the project itself. The project will feature significant dissemination and outreach activities, especially towards external OEMs that may become customers of the module suppliers.

Keywords: standard size interface digital protocol
Foetal Intestinal Stem Cells in Biology and Health (StemHealth)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Panel description: Medical technologies and tools for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, therapeutic approaches and interventions, pharmacology, preventative medicine, epidemiology and public health, digital medicine
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2015-CoG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-08-01
End date: 2022-07-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is currently no medical cure for the millions of individuals affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These patients suffer from bleeding along the gastrointestinal tract due to epithelial ulceration, which causes severe abdominal pain, diarrhoea and malnutrition. This is due to the severely compromised integrity of the intestinal epithelium. I propose that patients with IBD will benefit from an intestinal epithelial transplant. The objectives of this research programme are two fold. Firstly, I propose to perform preclinical testing of human intestinal epithelium to pave the way for their inclusion in clinical trials for IBD patients. This will be based on a combination of state-of-the-art cell culture methods with novel transplantation methodology. By combining analysis of intestinal epithelial cells from various developmental stages, I will be able to identify the most suitable source for transplantation and define how adult stem cells are specified in the tissue. Secondly, I will utilise an in vitro culture system to identify the transcriptional networks responsible for the maturation of the foetal intestinal epithelium. Tissue maturation currently constitutes a major roadblock in regenerative medicine as cells derived from foetal and pluripotent stem cells have foetal properties. Understanding this process will therefore improve our ability to generate sustainable sources of cells for transplantation, which is pivotal for future therapies relying on regenerative medicine and in vitro modelling of disease The proposed research programme will have significant clinical and biological impact. Clinically, it provides the framework for initiating clinical trials for patients with IBD and protocols to obtain mature adult epithelium for in vitro disease modelling. From a biological perspective, we will gain insights into how specific signalling networks maintain specific cell states and dictate tissue maturation.

Keywords: intestinal stem cells,inflammatory bowel disease,tissue maturation,transplantation
European Integration, Populism and European Cities (EUROPOPULISM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance and management
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2016-ADG, 2016)
Start date: 2017-10-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1276250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1276250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Why is it so difficult to achieve further European political integration? This question motivates the first part of the project. The standard approach in economics presumes that integration of countries reflects a tradeoff between economic benefits and the cost of cultural heterogeneity. To assess this tradeoff, we exploit survey data to quantify cultural heterogeneity within and between EU countries, comparing it to the US. We also investigate time variation, to assess whether economic integration led to cultural convergence. Finally, exploiting regional variation, we seek to identify a cultural core and compare it to the economic core of the EU. We conjecture the following conclusion: although European economic integration has not led to cultural convergence, the primary obstacle to integration is not cultural heterogeneity per se, but the presence of other barriers, such as national identities or national institutions, which amplify its effects. The second part of the project studies the causes and implications of two related phenomena: the diffusion of nationalism and of political populism, with behavioral voters. We study nationalism as endogenous identification with one’s nation, and analyze how it interacts with political institutions and political processes in a setting of international policy coordination. We study populism as due to the reaction of disappointed voters who behave according to Prospect theory. Our main goal is to explain these behavioral phenomena, and to derive predictions about the effect of institutional reforms. The third part of the project examines Europe in the very long run. It studies the formation of clusters of creative élites within Europe, in a historical perspective. The main goal is to explain how local self-government institutions and the migration of upper tail human capital between different European cities contributed to the formation of clusters of innovation and creativity in the XI-XIX centuries.

Keywords: culture,behavioral political economy,identity,innovation,european integration,populism