Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Integrating the National Aerospace University "KhAI" into ERA (KHAI-ERA)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Activities of International Cooperation
Destination: Reinforcing cooperation with Europe's neighbours in the context of the ERA
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Ukraine,Czechia,Germany,Estonia,Luxembourg,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-INCO-2011-6, 2011)
Start date: 2011-12-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 551265.0
EU funding (EUR): 499438.5
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

The overall aim of the KhAI-ERA project is to integrate the National Aerospace University (KhAI) into ERA, by reinforcing its cooperation capacities and twinning with European research and innovation organisations in its 3 strongest aerospace and IT research topics: A) Composite Materials, B) Advanced Manufacturing for Aircraft Assembly, and C) Dependable Embedded Systems. These are topics highly relevant to the FP7 Transport, Space, ICT and Research for SMEs work programmes. KhAI is the only university in Ukraine providing the full cycle of higher education in aerospace science. It has over 1146 researchers, 700 teachers and 12,000 students. The university has strong relationship with aerospace and machine-building industry in Kharkiv region and key Ukrainian enterprises. KhAI participates in many national and international R&D projects with public and private partners (e.g. STCU, Tempus, Boeing, Sukhoy, etc). Also, KhAI is scheduled to become the FP7 Aeronautics NCP for Ukraine. The KhAI-ERA project will build upon KhAI’s existing strengths as a high-quality research institution via twinning and capacity building activities with the following 4 excellent European research and innovation organisations: Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation, Centre for Integrated Electronic Systems and Biomedical Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, and Intelligentsia Consultants. The capacity building activities will involve knowledge exchange, setting up joint experiments, and training development for KhAI researchers focused on composite materials, advanced manufacturing for aircraft assembly,dependable embedded systems, and the FP7 programme. Also, it will involve dissemination and strategy development to support the KhAI organisation. KhAI-ERA will be overseen by a steering committee involving the consortium partners plus members of the Ukrainian government, Airbus and ASD.

Keywords: aerospace,aeronautics,composite materials,manufacturing,assembly,dependable embedded systems,airbus
Structural Basis of Protein Synthesis System of Human Cell (SBPSSHS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2466000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2466000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project will elucidate the structure and mechanism of ribosome function through the determination of high resolution crystal structures of human ribosome functional complexes. Currently, the only high resolution crystal structures available for the ribosome functional complexes are bacterial ribosomes containing mRNA, tRNAs in E, P and A sites and several translation factors. Recently, we have determined at medium resolution the first eukaryotic ribosome structure. Saccharomyces cerevisaiae ribosomes have been chosen for the first step of the study because they have been extensively investigated in our laboratory by biochemical methods and by x-ray analysis. Step One: We will improve the quality of the crystals and determine the ribosome structure of yeast at atomic resolution (about 3Å resolution). These conditions will be used for an investigation of the ribosome functional complexes in order to better understand the detailed mechanism of the translocation of large molecules (tRNA and mRNA) on the ribosome. Step Two: Ribosomes from human HeLa cells will be investigated via crystallization and x-ray structure determination. Ribosome functional complexes developed on yeast systems will be used as models for the creation and structural investigation of human ribosome complexes. Available biochemical data will provide a framework for the interpretation of structural information which will be obtained. The aims: To determine the atomic resolution crystal structure of the yeast ribosome as a model for all eukaryotic ribosome x-ray studies. To obtain crystals and determine the structure of 80S ribosome from HeLa cells. To determine the structure of the ribosome complexes with mRNA and tRNA in ratcheted and non-ratcheted states in order to describe the mechanism of translocation. To determine structure of the ribosome initiation complex with an internal ribosomal entry site mRNA. To obtain crystals and to determine the structures of 40S initiation complexes.

Keywords: ribosome,mechanism of translation,human cell,yeast
Manipulating and Imaging Stem Cells at Work (MANISTEC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cellular and Developmental Biology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2562000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2562000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Stem cells are promise and threat at the same time. To understand how stem cells act it is crucial to study their behavior in their natural context. Following and manipulating an individual stem cell and its descendants on their path to differentiation has so far not been possible. We have recently developed new microscopy and image analysis tools that allow long term in vivo observations. Novel genetic tools allow to stochastically label individual cells and thus to follow all descendants derived from the cell initially marked. We have modified and adapted this technology for the fish system and will extend its potential to allow functional clonal analysis in vivo. The transparent fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) are ideally suited to combine advanced imaging and the genetic lineage manipulation of stem cells. This way the influence of genetic pathways implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation is directly addressed in vivo. Clones originating from single wild type or manipulated cells are followed in their in vivo context and the physiological consequences of this manipulation is directly measured. Individually labelled clones will be followed by DSLM 4D microscopy over periods of up to 7 days in juvenile and adult fish. We will interfere with signaling pathways and key transcription factors in these cells combining the brainbow approach with lineage specific gain- and loss-of-function. That way a specific color will indicate a specific experimental condition. We will focus on the path of decisions taken by retinal stem cells and their descendants on the one hand and on cells composing induced tumors on the other. This will be highly relevant for our understanding of stem cell and tumor cell proliferation and differentiation.

Keywords: retinal stem cells,brainbow,4d imaging,dslm
Ion homeostasis and volume regulation of cells and organelles (CYTOVOLION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499600.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499600.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The regulation of ion concentrations in the cytoplasm and in the lumen of intracellular vesicles provides suitable environments for biochemical reactions, gradients for signal transduction, and generates osmotic gradients for the regulation of the volume of cells and intracellular organelles. Changes in the ion homeostasis and volume of cells and organelles may in turn influence processes like cell division and migration or the budding of vesicles from cellular membranes. Volume changes of cells, and possibly also of intracellular organelles, in turn regulate ion transport across their membranes. Whereas several swelling-activated plasma membrane ion transporters and channels are known, the molecular identity of a key player, the swelling-activated anion channel VRAC, and its impact on cellular functions remain elusive. Only sketchy information is available on ion homeostasis and volume regulation of intracellular organelles like endosomes and lysosomes, in spite of their importance for several diseases. We propose to perform a genome-wide RNAi screen to finally identify the long-sought swelling-activated Cl- channel VRAC at the molecular level. This screen will also identify genes involved in the regulation of VRAC. The network involved in cell volume regulation will be investigated at the structural, biochemical and cellular level as well as with genetically modified mice. In parallel we will examine the ion homeostasis of endosomes and lysosomes. Until recently only the regulation of luminal H+ and Ca++ concentration was studied, but our recent work demonstrated a crucial role of luminal Cl- and hinted at an important role of cations. A combination of proteomics, siRNA screens, candidate approaches, and mouse models will be used to elucidate the ion homeostasis of endosomes/lysosomes and the impact on organellar function and associated pathologies. We expect that our work will break new ground in ion transport physiology, pathology, and cell biology.

Keywords: ion channel,volume regulation,endocytosis,trafficking,lysosomal storage disease
Designer Cellulosomes by Single Molecule Cut & Paste (CELLUFUEL)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Molecular and Structural Biology and Biochemistry
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-03-01
End date: 2018-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2351450.0
EU funding (EUR): 2351450.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Biofuel from wood and waste will be a substantial share of our future energy mix. The conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable polysaccharides is the current bottleneck. We propose to use single molecule cut and paste technology to assemble designer cellulosoms and combine enzymes from different species with nanocatalysts.

Keywords: synthetic biology
Pre- and postsynaptic signaling at single synaptic contacts (SINGLESITE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Neurosciences and neural disorders
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2017-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2494480.0
EU funding (EUR): 2494480.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of the project is to develop new procedures to investigate single synaptic sites of the mammalian brain. For this purpose, synaptically connected pairs of molecular layer interneurons will be studied in cerebellar slices. Presynaptic calcium transients will be elicited at individual presumptive presynaptic release sites using targeted photorelease of the calcium precursor DM-nitrophen. Using this new approach several questions will be addressed including the degree of postsynaptic receptor saturation, the size and nature of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles, and kinetics of vesicle recycling. This approach will be first developed for the GABAergic synapses between interneurons but will be later extended to study the glutamatergic synapses between granule cells and interneurons. Next we shall develop methods to selectively activate presynaptic ionotropic receptors by localized photolysis of precursors of neurotransmitters, while recording either the resulting current or the resulting calcium signal. In this manner we shall investigate, at the single site level, the presence and functional properties of presynaptic GABAA and glutamate receptors. Finally we will investigate the functional significance of presynaptic receptor signaling in vivo by using calcium imaging with genetically targeted calcium indicators. Using appropriate stimulation protocols we will determine whether these receptors can be activated either via autocrine or paracrine release of neurotransmitters.

Keywords: synapses,cerebellum,presynaptic receptors,gaba,exocytosis
Mechanisms of regulation of the blood-brain barrier; towards opening and closing the barrier on demand. (BBBARRIER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Endocrinology
Countries involved: Sweden,Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-08-01
End date: 2017-07-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499427.0
EU funding (EUR): 2499427.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

In the bone-enclosed CNS, increased vascular permeability may cause life-threatening tissue swelling, and/or ischemia and inflammation which compromise tissue repair after trauma or stroke. The brain vasculature possesses several unique features collectively named the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in which passive permeability is almost completely abolished and replaced by a complex of specific transport mechanisms. The BBB is necessary to uphold the specific milieu necessary for neuronal function. Whereas breakdown of the BBB is part of many CNS diseases, including stroke, neuroinflammation, trauma and neurodegenerative disorders, its molecular mechanisms and consequences are unclear and debated. Conversely, the intact BBB is a huge obstacle for drug delivery to the brain. Research on the BBB therefore has two seemingly opposing aims: 1) to seal a damaged BBB and protect the brain from toxic blood products, and 2) to open the BBB “on demand” for drug delivery. A major problem in the BBB field has been the lack of in vivo animal models for molecular and functional studies. So far, available in vitro models are not recapitulating the in vivo BBB. Our recent work on mouse models lacking pericytes, a BBB-associated cell type, demonstrates a specific role for pericytes in the development and regulation of the mammalian BBB. These animal models are the first ones showing a general and significant BBB impairment in adulthood, and as such they provide a unique opportunity to address molecular mechanisms of BBB disruption in disease and in drug transport across the BBB. Importantly, the new models and tools that we have developed allow us to search for relevant druggable mechanisms and molecular targets in the BBB. The long-term goals of this proposal are to develop molecular strategies and tools to open and close the BBB “on demand” for drug delivery to the CNS, and to explore the importance and mechanisms of BBB dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.
Innate signaling networks in B cell antibody production: new targets for vaccine development (B-INNATE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Immunity and infection
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2018-09-30
Duration (months): 78.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2214035.31
EU funding (EUR): 2214035.31
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The long-term goal of this proposal is to explore a novel immune pathway that involves an unexpected interplay between marginal zone (MZ) B cells and neutrophils. MZ B cells are strategically positioned at the interface between the immune system and the circulation and rapidly produce protective antibodies to blood-borne pathogens through a T cell-independent pathway that remains poorly understood. We recently found that the human spleen contains a novel subset of B cell helper neutrophils (NBH cells) with a phenotype and gene expression profile distinct from those of conventional circulating neutrophils (NC cells). In this proposal, we hypothesize that NC cells undergo splenic reprogramming into NBH cells through an IL-10-dependent pathway involving perifollicular sinusoidal endothelial cells. We contend that these unique endothelial cells release NC cell-attracting chemokines and IL-10 upon sensing blood-borne bacteria through Toll-like receptors. We also argue that IL-10 from sinusoidal endothelial cells stimulates NC cells to differentiate into NBH cells equipped with powerful MZ B cell-stimulating activity. The following three aims will be pursued. Aim 1 is to determine the mechanisms by which splenic sinusoidal endothelial cells induce reprogramming of NC cells into NBH cells upon sensing bacteria through Toll-like receptors. Aim 2 is to elucidate the mechanisms by which NBH cells induce IgM production, IgG and IgA class switching, and plasma cell differentiation in MZ B cells. Aim 3 is to evaluate the mechanisms by which NBH cells induce V(D)J gene somatic hypermutation and high-affinity antibody production in MZ B cells. These studies will uncover previously unknown facets of the immunological function of neutrophils by taking advantage of unique cells and tissues from patients with rare primary immunodeficiencies and by making use of selected mouse models. Results from these studies may also lead to the identification of novel vaccine strategies.

Keywords: b cells,neutrophils,immunoglobulins,class switch recombination,somatic hypermutation
Genetic and environmental risk factors for common malignant tumours especially breast cancer and melanoma. (RISK FACTORS CANCER)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Diagnostic tools, therapies and public health
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-04-01
End date: 2017-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1200000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

A prerequisite for prevention or early diagnosis of a tumour disease is that environmental and/or genetic risk factors are characterized in order to better define risk groups. The present research proposal focus on common malignant tumours, especially breast cancer and malignant melanoma . By combining risk factor studies on endogenous and exogenous environmental, and genetic risk factors and its interaction, the aim is to better characterize strong determinants of risk. The project also aims at better understanding the mechanisms of disease and for different exposures, such as sun exposure and different hormonal exposures, obtain a global assessment of possible positive and negative health and disease effects. The infrastructure includes large population based cohort and case-control studies, pathological and clinical patient information, biobanks from cancer patients and controls, availability of excellent genomic resources and an extensive network of national and international collaborations. Very often it has been possible to work out from a population based perspective. Both for breast cancer and melanoma the research group has identified important genes or modifiers of dominant predisposing genes as well as environmental or constitutional risk factors. Through an extensive international collaboration gene and gene-environemnt interaction studies are undertaken. The ulitmate goal for the new knowledge is to prevent or early diagnose the malignancy. In hereditary cancer and for some of the hormonal exposures successful results already are seen. The applicant has been involved more than 30 years in epidemiological research of cancer, and published more than 400 publications in international journals and fostered a large number of PhD students.

Keywords: interaction environmental and genetic factors prevention
Multimodal Molecular Imaging (MUMI)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Diagnostic tools, therapies and public health
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (ERC-2011-ADG_20110310, 2011)
Start date: 2012-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2238616.4
EU funding (EUR): 2238616.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Imaging has become an integral part of diagnosis and staging of disease. This proposal aims at the development if innovative imaging methods for the visualization and quantitative assessment of biologic processes in-vivo. The simultaneous MR/PET data acquisition will be employed o integrate structural, physiologic and molecular information for the phenotyping of human disease and therapeutic decision making process. Such multimodality imaging is thought to serve as unique clinical tool to support the realization of personalized medicine.

Keywords: multimodal imaging,mr pet,molecular imaging,translational research,oncology,cardiology