Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
CLOUD Initial Training Network (CLOUD-ITN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Initial Training Networks
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany,Switzerland,Switzerland,Finland,United Kingdom,Germany,Austria,Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-1-1-ITN, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2012-07-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2384724.0
EU funding (EUR): 2384724.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of the proposed Marie Curie Initial Training Network is to establish a multi-site network of early stage researchers (ESRs, here predominantly PhD students) at 9 partner institiutions across Europe to investigate various aspects of the interactions of cosmic rays with aerosols and clouds, which bears on the possibility of a "solar indirect" contribution to climate change. Besides the individual research of the ESRs at their hosting institutions, the major focus of the network will be two sets of common experiments on ion-induced nucleation and ion-aerosol interaction carried out at CERN to which all ESRs contribute. These experiments are conducted at an aerosol chamber that is exposed to a CERN elementary particle beam where the effects of cosmic rays on aerosol and cloud formation can be efficiently simulated. A comprehensive training programme is set up for the network participants. Additional to the experiments at CERN, the trainees are brought together by several network training events such as annual summer schools and workshops. Here, courses and lectures by world leading experts are taught spanning from "aerosol chemistry and physics" in general to specialized sessions on subjects such as "ion-induced aerosol nucleation" or "influences of galactic cosmic rays on paleo-climate". The summer schools and workshops are scheduled in addition to the national PhD programmes of their hosting institutions where a variety of courses is available to the ESRs . The summer schools will include training on complementary skills such as "writing scientific publications", "preparing and presenting talks and seminars", "interaction with media", "commercializing scientific results". A multitude of secondments are proposed in which individual ESRs visit other institutions of the network to conduct specific research tasks there that will broaden their research experience and skills.

Keywords: aerosols (climate change),atmospheric physics (climate change),ion-induced nucleation,cosmic rays,ions,clouds,aerosol chamber
Chloroplast Signals (COSI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Initial Training Networks
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria,Finland,Italy,United Kingdom,Poland,Germany,Belgium,France,Switzerland,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-1-1-ITN, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2840000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2840000.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

COSI integrates young researchers in a network of 10 leading European research centres, including Bayer BioScience as industrial partner. We aim at identification of regulatory principles governing chloroplast metabolism, a crucial factor for agricultural productivity. Specifically we want to identify chloroplast-related protein kinases and their targets and associated calcium signals. A long term objective of COSI is increased plant productivity under stress conditions. COSI has expertise in various aspects of photosynthesis in algae and higher plants and in plant signal transduction. This unique combination will be used to identify major regulatory principles of plant organellar metabolism principally also applying far beyond the plant field. Thus training and knowledge can be transferred to many other fields in life sciences. An integrated working programme consisting of working packages, jointly coordinated by two groups of the network, guarantees maximal use of complementary expertises and strengthens ongoing interactions between partners. In addition to intensive exchange and collaboration of the involved young researchers, special training courses will introduce the young researchers in basic methods, which are required for their work and furthermore help them to develop complementary skills. Early stage researchers will be supported by a mentoring programme to enhance their personnel development. Special emphasis will be placed on promotion of women. A training course at Bayer BioScience will expose young researchers to an industrial environment and provide them with industrial relevant skills. COSI will offer hands-on training in cutting-edge technologies such as bioinformatics, live-cell imaging, mass spectrometry and metabolomics and establish an outstanding European research community in organellar signal transduction, an emerging new and competitive research field of central importance in life sciences.

Keywords: cell biology,signal transduction,plant physiology,photosynthesis
AdS/CFT correspondence: extrapolation techniques and space-time geometry from gauge theories (ADS CFT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-01
End date: 2010-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 174111.18
EU funding (EUR): 174111.18
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main goal of this proposal is to study several aspects of a conjectured equivalence between certain string theories and gauge field theories, known as AdS/CFT correspondence. It is expected that the outcome of this proposal will broaden the current understanding of the AdS/CFT correspondence in various directions. One of the specific objectives is to extend the use of integrability tools to more general settings, for instance when D-branes and open strings are included. Integrability methods have played a central role in understanding the planar limit description of the AdS/CFT correspondence. Another goal is to develop and apply new techniques for interpolating between the weak and strong coupling descriptions in cases where integrability is not granted. Finally, these and other approaches will be exploited to reconstruct geometrical information of the space-time background where the strings are propagating, by only analysing the dual gauge field theory point of view. In general, it is aimed to improve the understanding of how geometrical notions are encoded in the strong coupling regime of gauge theories. The concretion of these objectives is expected to contribute to the development of the tools and notions that might be necessary for a future proof of the AdS/CFT correspondence.

Keywords: string theories,gauge theories,gravity/gauge correspondence,integrability,matrix models,emergence of geometry.
Violence and subjectivity in a global movement: jihadi trajectories in the UK and Spain (JIHADI TRAJECTORIES)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-15
End date: 2010-02-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 244402.31
EU funding (EUR): 244402.31
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding emerging forms of terrorist violence in Europe is one of the most important challenges facing both the social sciences and public policy today. Grounded in the sociology of global movements, this Fellowship consists of a two-year comparative research project exploring experiences of jihadi radicalization among young people in two European countries, Spain and the United Kingdom. The project moves through three stages: •an analysis of the way personal experience is explored, constructed and communicated in public spheres, in particular the Internet •an analysis of data collected through security investigations that give access to experiences of communication between young people on a path to violence (in particular material gathered in the context of the March 2004 bombings in Madrid and Operation Crevice undertaken in the United Kingdom in 2007) •20 interviews with people convicted of terrorism offences (10 in Spain, 10 in the United Kingdom)

Keywords: violence,subjectivity,terrorism,global movement,social movement,experience
Integrative taxonomy and the origin of species (INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMY)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-08-01
End date: 2010-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 170697.32
EU funding (EUR): 170697.32
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Morphological, behavioural and molecular characters are of interest in evolutionary biology because they evidence lineage divergence and are contingent properties of species. With the incorporation of molecular biology into taxonomy, taxonomists realized that species diversity could not be completely deciphered using morphology alone. Nonetheless, the incorporation of multiple biological properties into taxonomic practice has been controversial. This proposal aims to test how the combined use of different suites of characters may converge toward more stable taxonomies, less likely to be affected by the discovery of new taxa or by the advance on the knowledge. Stable taxonomies would obviously benefit other scientists and society. To explore this, we test to which extent do species described on qualitative morphological coincide with the results of DNA barcoding analyses, and divergences in prezygotic reproductive barriers. We further aim to analyze how characters evolve during the process of speciation to provide a better basis for the selection of character when describing and naming species. This research will be performed at the Department of Evolutionary Biology of the Evolutionary Biology Centre at Uppsala University, under the supervision of Dr. Carles Vilà. His expertise in the use of molecular genetics approaches for the study of organismal and molecular evolution will perfectly complement the expertise of the applicant. During his PhD research the applicant has acquired an extensive experience on taxonomy (morphology) and bioacoustics (analyses of reproductive barriers through mating calls) analyses of amphibians and reptiles. Hence, the applicant could obtain solid formation on molecular techniques and concepts while transferring his taxonomic knowledge to molecular biologists. The combination of these different areas of expertise will allow the development of truly integrative approaches to taxonomy.

Keywords: biodiversity inventory: systematics phylogeny taxonomy,dna barcoding,speciation,population genetics
Molecular mechanisms regulating the trafficking of calcium-permeable and -impermeable AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity (CP-AMPAR TRAFFICKING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-07-01
End date: 2010-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168256.91
EU funding (EUR): 168256.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

AMPA type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory transmission in the CNS. These receptors can be calcium-impermeable (CI AMPARs) or calcium permeable (CP AMPARs). Because insertion or removal of CI AMPARs at synapses is key to the expression of canonical forms of plasticity, such as LTP (long-term potentiation) and LTD (long-term depression), the trafficking of these receptors has been extensively studied. In various regions of the brain, CP AMPARs have been implicated in important aspects of neuronal function, including development, synaptic plasticity and cell death, yet the mechanisms regulating the synaptic expression of CP AMPARs remain unclear. This project seeks to address this issue by examining the differential trafficking of CI- and CP-AMPARs in cerebellar stellate cells (SCs), where excitatory transmission is mediated mainly by CP AMPARs. Notably, these cells exhibit a novel form of synaptic plasticity triggered by calcium entry through CP-AMPARs and expressed as a switch in synaptic receptor subtype, from CP- to CI-AMPARs. We plan to use high-resolution electrophysiology (whole-cell and outside-out patch clamp recording from SCs) combined with imaging (immunocytochemistry and single quantum dot-based tracking of AMPARs at the cell surface) to address the following questions: (1) Are transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPS) involved in AMPAR trafficking in SCs? These proteins underlie membrane delivery and surface trafficking of CI-AMPARs but how they regulate CP-AMPARs is unknown. (2) What cellular mechanisms underlie the activity-dependent switch in AMPAR subtype at SC synapses? Specifically, how are CI-AMPARs excluded from excitatory synapses in the basal condition and what are the regulated steps leading to their incorporation at synaptic sites – exocytosis and/or lateral diffusion? Understanding these cellular mechanisms will provide key insights into the regulation of CP-AMPARs at central synapses.

Keywords: health sciences,neurosciences,calcium-permeable ampa receptors,synaptic plasticity,cellular trafficking,transmembrane ampa receptor regulatory proteins
African Migrant Women (AFRICANMIGRANTWOMEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2009-04-17
End date: 2011-04-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 169575.09
EU funding (EUR): 169575.09
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

On the margins of the EU, African women migrants can be important transmitters of social cultural practices. But in certain societies of immigration (France, Spain) these women, because of the ageing factor can be victims of some kind of discrimination. Often their husbands can replace them for new co-spouses. This situation creates tensions and that is, for the women, all the more constraining and painful when the women carry on a productive and reproductive activity. this proposal, through a specific anthropological demography methodology, wants to bring into question meaningful motions of ethnicity, transnationalisation, gender and the changing context in relation to aesthetic and body concepts of African women in the settlement countries mainly in Spain and France (Europe) and in Senegal and Gambia (Africa).

Keywords: african,immigrant,women,gender,aesthetic,body,europe,african,avoidance,substitution
Molecular analysis of the natural variation in vernalization response of Arabidopsis accessions (VERNNATVAR_AT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-03-17
End date: 2010-03-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168256.91
EU funding (EUR): 168256.91
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The model plant A. thaliana shows a wide range of genetic and phenotypic variation among natural accessions. Notably, adaptation of flowering time to specific environmental conditions is essential for reproductive success. This proposal will use our knowledge of the molecular basis of vernalization to uncover how Arabidopsis thaliana accessions have adapted to their environment. Analysis of flowering time and vernalization in Arabidopsis accessions provides a unique opportunity to link mechanistic understanding of a complex trait with an understanding of the fitness consequences of different alleles and their distribution within the population. The specific aims of this project will be 1) to fully define the molecular variation at FLC and linked genes underpinning the natural variation in accessions selected to represent a wide range of vernalization responses and 2) use the different accessions as a pool of “natural mutants” to gain a better understanding of the basis of FLC regulation during vernalization. We will first confirm that FLC cis-elements are involved in this variation by a complementation analysis, followed by mix and match experiments to determine which region contains the cis-regulatory elements that account for the variation. We will also analyse the epigenetic changes at the FLC locus which result from the polymorphisms in the cis-elements, as well as the role of other chromosome 5 candidates identified in a QTL analysis for the variation in vernalization response. In parallel, we will characterize important cis-elements in FLC required to initiate and maintain FLC repression during and after vernalization. We will then pick natural variants with polymorphisms in these cis-elements. Dissecting the molecular basis of adaptation is a major goal in evolutionary genetics and the results from this study are likely to provide important insights into adaptation relevant to many biological systems.

Keywords: vernalization response,natural variation,flc,epigenetic silencing,adaptation
CryoEm structure of gamma secretase: a key component in Alzheimer neurodegenerative disease (RENZI_FP7_IOF2007)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Italy
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-1-IOF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2011-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 238305.36
EU funding (EUR): 238305.36
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterised by the accumulation of beta amyloid peptide cut from a transmembrane precursor. A large intramembrane complex carries out the proteolysis: gamma-secretase, containing the protease presenilin and other three proteins (nicastrin, aph1, pen2). G-secretase is involved also in the proteolysis mediated signaling cascade by the transmembrane receptors Notch1 and Erb4, regulating cell growth and differentiation The aim of the project is to gain structural insight into the architecture of the g-secretase and its mutant variants involved in AD by cryo-Electron Microscopy (EM) and into substrate binding by 2D electron crystallography; 3D X-ray crystal structure of presenilin will be fit in EM map Getting structural information of g-secretase is important at cellular level (involvement in signal transduction pathways), structural (few membrane protein structures described), biochemical (intramembrane proteolysis) and biomedical (involvement in a widespread neurodegenerative disease) The project will be developed in USA in EM lab of Prof Ubarretxena Belandia (NYSBC and Mount Sinai SM) in collaboration with Prof Sisodia (Dept Neurobiology Univ of Chicago) providing purified g-secretase and performing functional studies. Return host is the Univ of Rome La Sapienza (Dept Biochem Sciences, Biocrystallography Unit, Prof Vallone) Structural and structural-dynamic studies are progressively focusing on larger macromolecular complexes: for these crystallography is demanding in purification and crystallization, meanwhile cryoEM is becoming the election technique The fellow will bring back to Rome know-how in cryoEM and 2D crystallography to study structures and dynamics of large assemblies to be integrated with 3D X-ray crystallography of single subunits. He will develop as independent researcher contributing to the progress of group in Rome and to build a solid intercontinental collaboration with a state of the art institution

Keywords: cryo-electron microscopy,2d electron crystallography,alzheimer,gamma secretase,membrane protease complex structure
The New Players in the Marine Nitrogen Cycle: Benthic Foraminifera (NITROFORAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2011-08-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212823.92
EU funding (EUR): 212823.92
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Generally, anaerobic respiration of nitrate is regarded as a bacterial process. In addition to bacteria only three eukaryotes were known to have the potential to reduce nitrate and nitrous oxide. However, very recently three species of benthic foraminifera were found to respire nitrate completely to dinitrogen gas. To be able to do so they store high concentrations of nitrate in their cell (Risgaard-Petersen et al. 2006). Benthic foraminifera are unicellular eukaryotes that are among the most successful organism in marine environments and they can be very abundant in anoxic habitats, which suggests that their role in the N cycle might be very important. In the proposed project we will investigate Foraminifera known to occur predominantly in anoxic sediments for the presence of intracellular nitrate sources and ability to respire these through denitrification. In this way the importance of this process in the total nitrogen cycle will be determined. We will also survey how different species of foraminifera are related, and how is the evolution of this anaerobic respiration in eukaryotes. Last but not least, we will investigate different species of nitrate respiring foraminifers for survival and uptake mechanisms.

Keywords: natural sciences,biology,aquatic biology,benthic foraminifera,denitrification,n-cycle,15n techniques
Black Holes, Superstrings, and Holography (BLACKHOLEHOLOGRAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-2-IIF, 2007)
Start date: 2008-10-01
End date: 2010-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 152076.7
EU funding (EUR): 152076.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims to understand certain quantum aspects of black hole physics, in particular its entropy and the degrees of freedom associated with the horizon. The many states in which a black hole can exist can be understood through a "hologram" living in one dimension less than the black hole. This idea of a hologram has proved to be very fruitful in recent work in string theory. Our work aims to extend these successes to situations where high curvature effects are important and can be systematically be taken into account. This would advance our understanding of a quantum theory of gravity and provide deep insights into the quantum structure of spacetime.

Keywords: physical sciences,relativity,black holes,string theory,quantum gravity