Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Miocene Vegetation of the African Tropics (Project MioVAT) (MIOVAT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Tropical forests and savannahs cover between 15 and 20% of the Earth’s land surface, and dominate the tropics of South America, Australia, Asia and Africa. These two biomes exert a profound control on temperature, precipitation and carbon storage, and are also important centres of biodiversity. The evolutionary history of tropical forests and savannahs is of major international concern, and an understanding of the controls on tropical plant diversity can inform conservation efforts designed to prevent tropical plant extinction during the current anthropogenic biodiversity and climate crises. Project MioVAT (Miocene Vegetation of the African Tropics) will investigate the evolutionary history of the tropical forest and savannah biomes in West Africa during the Miocene (23-5.3 million years ago) using fossilized pollen and spores. The Miocene was a critical period in the evolution of West African tropical vegetation when grasses utilizing the C4 photosynthetic pathway began an explosive phase of ecological expansion that resulted in the birth of the savannah biome. The objectives of Project MioVAT are as follows: (1) To generate a c.20 million-year record of tropical plant diversity in West Africa from the latest Oligocene to the earliest Pliocene; (2) To quantify the nature and timing of plant extinction in the Miocene of tropical west Africa; (3) To quantify the taxonomic diversity of grasses during the birth of the savannah biome in the Late Miocene using fossil pollen grains. This research is designed to investigate the long-term controls on tropical plant diversity such as global temperature, investigate the role of extinction in shaping the tropical vegetation of West Africa, and understand the biome-scale diversification history that underlies the evolutionary success of grasses. Project MioVAT will create long-term collaborations, share knowledge, and result in mutually beneficial research co-operation between Europe and the United States.

Keywords: v201 terrestrial ecology - land cover change,v201 paleoclimatology - paleoecology,v302 biodiversity - comparative biology,palynology - palaeobotany
Zoroastrian Text(ile)s: Regulations, Symbolism, Identity (ZOT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Denmark
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-07-01
End date: 2015-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221154.6
EU funding (EUR): 221154.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project “Zoroastrian Text(ile)s: Regulations, Symbolism, Identity” offers an innovative interdisciplinary approach to the understanding of the modalities and changes in the use of textiles in the Zoroastrian communities of the Iranian milieu (from ca. the 2nd millennium BCE through to the 17th century CE).

Keywords: s304 textual philology and palaeography,s403 ancient history - ancient cultures,s104 myth - ritual - symbolic representations - religious studies
Metaphysics of identity, properties, and relations in fundamental physics (METFUNDPHYS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 392423.0
EU funding (EUR): 392423.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project belongs to the category of philosophical reflection on the metaphysical consequences of contemporary physical theories. The metaphysical problems that are to be considered concern the analysis of the fundamental notions of objects, identity, individuality, and properties. The central question regarding these concepts is whether and how the numerical distinctness of objects can be grounded in the differences in their qualitative properties. In the light of the recent arguments against the validity of the Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles within the quantum theory of many particles, it is now common to seek the metaphysical grounding of numerical distinctness in the entire relational structures comprising the objects in question. Alternatively, the hypothesis of the primitive character of numerical identity and distinctness is considered. The project will attempt to investigate these metaphysical issues in the context of a broad range of modern physical theories, including non-relativistic quantum mechanics, relativistic quantum field theory, general relativity, and quantum gravity. Particular attention will be paid to the notion of quantum entanglement and its numerous metaphysical consequences regarding the individuality of objects, the intrinsicness of their properties, and the supervenience of whole structures on individual objects and their properties. The hypothesis of ontic structural realism, with its emphasis on the ontological priority of relational structures over their relata, will be put to the test taking into account the recent developments in fundamental physics. This project is an interdisciplinary undertaking, combining a general metaphysical framework with logical and formal tools and concepts derived from fundamental physical theories.

Keywords: metaphysics,identity,structures,physics,quantum particles,indiscernibility,relations,properties,essentialism,ontic structural realism,quantum field theory,quantum gravity
Plant Phenotyping by Vibrational Spectroscopy of Pollen (POLLEN)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Norway
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 291840.2
EU funding (EUR): 291840.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Plant traits, in the form of observable morphological, biochemical and physiological features, relate directly to the functional and reproductive success of plants in their environments. For that reason, plant phenotyping is the cornerstone of botany and all plant related studies: from agronomy and forestry to ecology and global climate research. The project proposes to develop and standardise vibrational spectroscopy in combination with pattern recognition tools for pollen identification and biochemical characterization and to relate this phenotypic data to phylogenetic, biogeographical, and climate data. With this new method at hand a comparative study of several hundred plant species can be performed and the obtained data can be stored in a specially designed web-based spectral database. Exploring this unique spectral database with respect to biochemical variation among the range of species, climate and biogeography will lead to a novel understanding of the role of pollen in sexual reproduction of seed plants. The data will improve comprehension of plant-environment interactions, including long-term evolutionary adaptations as well as effects of short-term climate variations. The methodological advances and the established pollen spectral database will be further utilised in plant phenotyping, including studies of environmental and climate change. The proposed research will cover several hundred plant species, predominantly from the northern hemisphere, including the most important agricultural, forestry, floristry and allergenic plants.

Keywords: spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques,vibrational spectroscopy,chemometrics,plant ecology,plant biology,palynology,systematic botany,ecosystem impact,climate change
Assessing the variability of the first Anatomically Modern Humans behavior: Human / environment interaction in Western Europe and South Africa (60,000 – 40,000 years B.P.) (FIRST AMH - ENVI)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2016-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 257655.9
EU funding (EUR): 257655.9
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project targets the shift and variability of human adaptive systems in the scope of the dispersion of the Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHs), from the African continent to throughout Eurasia 60,000 years ago. This dispersion was accompanied by new technical, social and territorial organizations that characterize the Upper Paleolithic material culture. Much research has focused on the recent stages of these modern human populations (25,000 B.P.) of East and Central Europe. There is still little evidence on the life way of the first modern human populations and of the Early Upper Paleolithic cultures (40,000 B.P.) in western Europe (e.g. France), remaining as one of the least known periods of the European prehistory. Closely related to the spread of the AMHs in Europe is the search for the processes responsible for the emergence of cognitive “modernity" , which is currently nourished by major discoveries in South Africa. The MSA contexts (South Africa) hold the more remarkable and oldest signs of modern behavior by humans (60,000 B.P.) and a wide range of cultural innovations that predate similar behavior only occurring in Europe with the Early Upper Paleolithic 40,000 years ago. Their study allow to provide keys of understanding of how the shift in mentality, practical skills and the emergence of figurative thinking occurred in Europe. On examining Early Upper Paleolithic (France) and Middle Stone Age (South Africa) stone tools made of a wide range of rocks trough use-wear analysis, in the scope of multidisciplinary teams, this project intends to determine against distinct environmental backdrops and cultural niches, how ecological factors (e.g. bio-geological resources availability), influenced and shaped subsistence and settlement strategies of the early modern humans. Whereas to consider that cultural drift is only driven by purely cultural mechanisms, the goal is to explore the diversity of 1st AMHs material cultures within an ecological basis.

Keywords: late pleistocene,anatomically modern humans,western europe,south africa,eco-cultural diversity,stone tools,use-wear analysis,emergence and variability of human modern behavior
A generic framework for analyzing temporal structure in music (RHYTHMUS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Türkiye
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 173370.6
EU funding (EUR): 173370.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The sensation of rhythm in music is evoked by accents that follow a more or less regular structure in time. This structure takes the shape of a rhythm hierarchy consisting of note onsets, the pulse of a piece, rhythmic patterns, and, finally, the units of the musical form. Many computational analysis methods concentrate on one level of the rhythm hierarchy in isolation, and ignore the importance of melody for rhythm. This project proposes a Bayesian framework for the analysis of rhythm, which takes into account the relations between the hierarchy levels, and the impact of melody on rhythm. Most current approaches are further limited in their universality, because they are tailored towards certain paradigms of Western music, such as the well-formedness of meter. By analyzing music which contradicts common paradigms, we aim at a set of analysis tools that gives us access to a wider variety of music. The developed methods will be evaluated on Western and on non-Western music, which will ensure the universality of the proposed methods. This project will contribute directly to the state-of-the-art in Music Information Retrieval (MIR), an area with growing economic impact. The proposed methods will permit implementing novel computer-based learning and music recommendation platforms for types of music that currently cannot be analyzed by the state-of-the-art. Geographical location and chosen musical context maximize the direct economic impact of such learning and retrieval platforms. The project will profit from a wide variety of expertise. The fellow is a specialist in rhythm analysis, and the host institution has high expertise in Bayesian rhythm modeling and machine learning, consultants of the project are experts in musicology and melodic analysis of non-Western music.

Keywords: m114 probability and statistics,g207 signal processing,music information retrieval,rhythm analysis,beat tracking,onset detection
From the East End of London to the Favelas of Rio de Janiero: The relevance and transferability of the social legacy programmes of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games (LONRIO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2015-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The use of sporting and other mega-events to bring about transformation of socially deprived areas of major cities is becoming an increasingly important part of the raison d'être for hosting such events, especially given the immense costs involved and the current economic climate. The tax-paying public are increasingly having to be persuaded of the benefits, beyond the event itself, to spend the nations resources in this way. London 2012 sold its bid partly on the basis of the potential regenerate one of the most deprived areas of East London made up of the London Boroughs of Newham, Tower Hamlets, Hackney, Waltham Forest & Greenwich, collectively known as the five host Olympic Boroughs. This work proposes to evaluate some of the social legacy programmes of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games within the 5 London host Boroughs and to assess their transferability to the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games with particular reference to the city's favelas. In order to do this it will be necessary to: 1) evaluate the findings of similar programmes at previous Olympic and Paralympic Games; 2) to compare key statistical and other indicators before and after the Games including crime and employment rates, sports participation and perceptions of disability; 3) to compare official government and organising committee findings regarding these programmes with the actual lived experiences of the residents within the 5 host Boroughs; 4) to compare the issues faced by the residents of the 5 host Boroughs before and after the London 2012 Games with those in the favelas of Rio to assess the relevance & transferability of the legacy programmes under evaluation. This research will afford a greater understanding of the impact of local conditions upon the success or otherwise of social legacy programmes connected to sporting & other mega-events and assess whether such programmes are location specific or can be transferred to other cities around the world facing similar issues

Keywords: london 2012,rio 2016,olympic and paralympic games,social legacy impact,london olympic boroughs,social legacy programmes,urban regeneration,sport for peace and development
Mediterranean overturning circulation (MEDOC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 202405.8
EU funding (EUR): 202405.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The air-sea interactions and the interior mixing are key processes of the global oceanic meridional overturning circulation and in setting the properties (temperature, salinity, chemical concentration) of water masses. Such processes are only crudely parameterized in global ocean models and coupled climate models due to their relatively coarse resolution and the lack of physical understanding of the mixing processes. Due to its unique geometry; to its relatively small size and to its similarities with the global overturning circulation, the Mediterranean Sea offers the possibility to better comprehend the role of mixing processes. Moreover, the substantial changes observed in the Mediterranean water mass properties, in particular the formation of a new warmer and saltier type of deep water in the western Mediterranean Sea, have shown that anomalous surface events cant impact on the deepest layers of the Mediterranean Sea over very short time scales. To understand the future evolution of the anomalous water masses, their impact on the Mediterranean Overturning Circulation and ecosystems, it is critical to better comprehend mixing processes. The aim of this proposal is to provide new insights on the role of mixing processes in the Mediterranean Overturning Circulation. We will investigate the combined role of surface mixing due to air-sea induced and interior mixing in setting the Mediterranean thermohaline structure, by applying a consistent theoretical framework based on the inclusion of air-sea fluxes in the recently developed tracer-contour inverse method. Further more, the results of the tracer-contour inverse method will be combined with nutrients climatological fields to calculate nutrient fluxes and to identify sources and sinks. The outcome of this work will lead to the first estimate of the mixing rates in the Mediterranean Sea based on observations and provide some useful insight on the role of the circulation in controlling the distribution of nutrients.

Keywords: v201 oceanography,v201 climatology and climate change
Indigenous Epistemologies and Images of Public Wealth in Amazonia (IEIPWA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Incoming Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-10-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 202630.0
EU funding (EUR): 202630.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Research focuses on the place of indigenous epistemologies in intercultural and highly politicized interactions that revolve around the interface of development in Amazonia: on the one hand, the external planning and implementation of development projects in indigenous territories; on the other, indigenous people’s own critical responses to such projects. Although we have informative studies of development as a process linked to Western modernity and historicity, we have little sense of how development plays out in the emergence of interethnic identity politics, or what cultural meanings are harnessed in political processes, in particular those that challenge the implicit beliefs of development as well as its practical workings. This proposal is intended to correct that lack through a consideration of native notions of work, wealth, and well-being that come into view during specific development encounters. My analysis is anchored in native epistemologies, as they not only involve sophisticated theories of cognition, agency, and subjectivity, but also inform native senses of history, interculturality, and cultural change. First objective is to show that work, conceived in native terms as the process that materializes intentional thought and speech, is not only a defining element of personal and collective identities, and indispensable to the achievement of public wealth, but it also sustains indigenous self-dependence against assistentialist development programs. Second objective is to gain a better understanding of indigenous epistemologies, particularly as it relates to native senses of self, identity and well-being. Third objective is to show how these indigenous epistemologies are mobilized in intercultural contexts, and sustain indigenous prospects in the modern world, for instance in terms of capacity building and rights. Finally, research is intended to advance knowledge of notions of ownership, property and public wealth in Amerindian societies.

Keywords: local interpretations of development,indigenous theories and practices of knowledge,wealth and well-being,interculturality and cultural chance,social movements and cultural rights,amazonia.
Magnetic Moments in Geometrically Frustrated Systems with Quasiperiodic Order and Disorder (SPINSINQUASICRYSTALS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 221606.4
EU funding (EUR): 221606.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding the magnetic properties of materials arising from their atomic structure still poses many questions especially if effects like quasiperiodicity and disorder are taken into account. The project SpinsInQuasicrystals aims to obtain a better understanding of the magnetic properties of the material class of quasicrystals. A special focus is given to disorder phenomena in these systems, which are an intrinsic property of quasicrystals and have been hardly addressed in the research of quasiperiodic spin systems yet. The interest in the properties of quasiperiodic systems has grown significantly since the discovery of quasicrystals by Shechtman et al. in 1982 (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011). Quasicrystals are materials with a perfect long-range atomic order without having a three-dimensional translational periodicity but instead rotational symmetries which are forbidden for conventional crystals. Further, these materials can be classified to possess a degree of order intermediate between periodic and amorphous systems. Many physical properties of quasiperiodic systems are still not completely understood and also several new phenomena have been observed for these materials. During the project we systematically study the alignment of magnetic moments in quasiperiodic structures and disorder phenomena in these systems with numerical methods like Monte Carlo simulations as well as analytical techniques as e.g. spin-wave approximation and renormalization group approaches. The quasiperiodic materials are modeled as quasiperiodic tilings, which are suitable to describe the nonperiodic atomic structure of this material class and are commonly used for numerical and theoretical studies of quasicrystals.

Keywords: p211 magnetism,p218 phase transitions - phase equilibria,quasicrystals,disorder