Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Intelligent and reinforced tissue scaffolds for regenerative biomedicine (BIOSCA)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Calcium phosphate ceramics have been used in medicine for more than 20 years because of its similarities to bone apatite. Bone repair and regeneration occurs along its surface and porous structures permits bone ingrowths acting as a scaffold in bony tissues sites. As well as these ceramics, bioactive glasses and biocompatible polymers are widely used but all of them present low strength and poor fatigue resistance to be implanted as high load bearing devices. In order to seek better ways of processing biomaterials, so that both mechanical properties and porosity could be optimized, devices have been design combining HA with other materials, however, significant amounts of the reinforcing phases are needed to achieve the desired properties, and as these parts are significantly less bioactive than HA, or bioreabsorble, the ability of the composite to form a stable interface is poor compared to HA itself. An ideal reinforcement material would impart mechanical integrity without diminishing its properties. This project envisages the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcement material for the bioactive ceramics and to use their ability as drug delivery systems of pharmacological active molecules (osteogenic, antitumoral, antiviric,…) or as smart materials (able to change their properties as a function of the medium). In relation to this, the addition of CNTs to the base composite produces a three-dimensional electrical conducting network, property as has already been reported, could be used to provide electrical stimulation and increase of cellular proliferation.

Keywords: biomaterial engineering,materials engineering,biomedical engineering
Continuous production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using green engineering (NOVABIODIESEL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: European Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Portugal
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-2-ERG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-05-01
End date: 2011-04-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 45000.0
EU funding (EUR): 45000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the present proposal is the development of a complete continuous reaction/separation process for the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (mainly from sunflower oil origin, which accounts for most of the edible oils consumed in Portugal) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The production of biodiesel will be done via an enzymatic reaction which is more selective, avoids the need to neutralize the reaction mixture, and is more amenable to recycling than chemical catalysis. ScCO2 will act both as reaction medium and as the solvent for the separation and purification of biodiesel. The whole process will be carried out in a continuous mode, unlike more common processes where reaction and the various separation steps that follow are not integrated. CO2 is non-toxic, non-flammable, abundantly available, and its use is allowed in the food industry. By using only scCO2 as solvent, a cleaner, greener process is obtained. Cleaner chemical processes are both a great challenge and a great priority for European chemists and chemical engineers in the 21st century. By using waste cooking oil as starting material instead of the most commonly used virgin cooking oil, the serious environmental and economic problem of the increasing price of crops will be minimized. Through the integration of a diversity of scientific topics such as biocatalysis, supercritical fluids, high pressure phase equilibrium, continuous reaction/separation processes with compressed fluids, and computational process simulations, the present proposal can offer solutions to the problems that are found in most processes for biodiesel production, such as the low reaction yields and the difficult separation/purification of FAMEs, and can lead to an industrially viable process for the production of biodiesel that is also environmentally attractive.

Keywords: biochemical engineering,biotechnology,biodiesel,biofuel,waste cooking oil,supercritical fluid technology,high pressure,enzyme,fractionation,triglyceride,fatty acid methyl ester
Harnessing attosecond nonlinear optics for controlling and enhancing high harmonic generation and producing useful coherent x-rays on a tabletop (ATTOSECOND OPTICS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-09-01
End date: 2012-08-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Attosecond nonlinear optics will be harnessed for increasing the efficiency and tunability of laser-driven x-rays through high harmonics generation. The process of high harmonic generation, which converts visible laser light into laser-like x-rays, facilitates new directions in science and technology. Examples include the production of attosecond pulses of light that allows direct investigation of the motions of electrons in atoms, molecules, and materials as well as the compact generation of x-rays for nano and bio imaging. However, for most applications, the generation of usable flux is, to date, limited to relatively long wavelengths (>10 nm) in which the upconversion process is rather benign and can be fully phase matched. At the foundation of this proposal are all-optical quasi-phase matching techniques, recently pioneered by the author during his post-doc in USA, which allows the holographic creation of nonlinear structures in the high harmonic generation process. Similarly to photonic structures for visible light, the optically induced nonlinear structures can be used for manipulating and enhancing the generated x-rays. New quasi-phase matching techniques will be developed and implemented for generating harmonics at 10-1 nm with high flux. Periodic structure with periodicity that varies according to the phase matching conditions of a given harmonic order will be used for generating coherent quasi-monochromatic x-rays while stochastic structures will be exploited for generating wideband x-rays. Longitudinally chirped periodic structures will be used for generating sub 100 attosecond pulses while transversely parabolic periodic structures will be exploited for focusing the generated beam at a required distance from the nonlinear medium. The proposed research will have important impact on the generation of compact and bright coherent x-rays for applications in materials and chemical dynamics, nanotechnology, microscopy, biology, and medicine.

Keywords: experimental physics,technological sciences,nonlinear optics,high harmonic generation,attosecond science
Collective excitation in the ionization of atoms, in semiconductors and biological tissues (COLLEXCIT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Re-integration Grants
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4-3-IRG, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2012-05-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 100000.0
EU funding (EUR): 100000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Experimental determination of ionization and decay parameters of x-ray transitions, used in analytical applications, and basic physics research. Measurements are designed to establish the size of the many-body interactions in the excitation and decay processes. In this sub-field mainly single particle approaches have been used. The experimental data contradict basic conservation laws and arithmetic. Therefore, new methodological approaches are necessary. Improved detection techniques and quality assurance capable signal processors have emerged which allow new approaches to measuring these parameters. Energetic charged particles in x-ray and gamma ray solid state detectors lose their energy mainly by plasmon creation. Plasmons are collective excitations. Using a high energy electron spectrometer we will determine the plasmon creation probability in the energy range of 200 eV to 10 keV by a high energy photoelectron spectrometer. We will develop a deconvolution method, to analyze the photoelectron spectra. We intend to study semiconductor x-ray and gamma ray detectors’ response function as a function of the band gap and plasmon energy. We plan to develop a new signal processing approach based on the obtained information. We will study various surface modification of detectors, to reduce the surface plasmon creation probability. Collective excitations are also important in biological tissues. Many radioactive materials are used in medical imaging. Delocalized plasmons excited in biological tissue by energetic particles could be transferred to nearby molecules like DNA causing radiation damage. As a pilot study, we want to study what type of plasmon excitation is possible, measure the plasmon energy and the plasmon creation efficiency.

Keywords: collective excitation,solid state detectors,plasmon,ionisation cross section,fluorescence yield,x-ray fluorescence analysis,plasmons in biological tissues,signal processing
Croatian Researchers' Mobility Network (HR-MOB)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: MSCA other
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Croatia
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2008-06-01
End date: 2011-05-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 220304.0
EU funding (EUR): 200000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The main objective of the HR-MOB project is to develop Croatian researcher’s mobility network consisting of the Bridgehead Organisation (BHO, Agency for Mobility and EU Programmes), which will in the same time serve as Mobility centre (MoC), and a number of focal points like universities, research institutes, governmental agencies and companies and to connect and incorporate them into one system facilitating researchers’ mobility and integration of Croatian Research Area into European Research Area. The project will draw experience and will build on mapping exercise accomplished as part of WEB-MOB project. The mobility network itself will not replace the existing structures, but provide necessary means for a better co-operation and networking between existing and newly created structures focusing on three main objectives: a) To create Croatian mobility network involving universities, research institutes, governmental agencies and companies to connect and incorporate them into one system facilitating researchers’ mobility through the mobility centre. b) To develop quality assistance in mobility issues to researchers in dealing with legal and administrative matters like visa issues, temparary stay, work and residence permits, health and social security issues, as well as to develop services and proximity assistance by various means and deliver practical information on accommodation, day-care or education for children and give advice on job opportunities for the accompanying partner. c) To provide training facilities to officials and administrators dealing with mobility, particularly within universities.

Keywords: era-more,mobility network,mobility centre,mobility portal,bridgehead organisation
Advancing knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship and innovation for growth and social well-being in Europe (AEGIS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Growth, employment and competitiveness in a knowledge society
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Greece,Italy,Sweden,Germany,Sweden,Netherlands,Germany,France,United Kingdom,Denmark,United Kingdom,Hungary,Russian Federation,China,India,Poland,Netherlands,Portugal,Czechia,Croatia,Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-09-30
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4281626.01
EU funding (EUR): 3300000.0
Participants: 22
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research project will study the interactions between knowledge, economic growth and social wellbeing in Europe. It focuses on knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship as a necessary mechanism and an agent of change mediating between the creation of knowledge and its transformation into economic activity. Knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship is perceived herein as a core interface between two interdependent systems: the knowledge generation and diffusion system, on the one hand, and the productive system, on the other. Both systems shape and are shaped by the broader social context – including customs, culture, and institutions – thus also pointing at the linkage of entrepreneurship to that context. The project has three main objectives (research thrusts). At the micro level, it purports to study in depth the very act of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship, its defining characteristics, boundaries, scope and incentives. At the macro level, it will study the link between knowledge entrepreneurship, economic growth and social wellbeing, also extending to the socio-economic processes that help transform the “animal spirits” (John Maynard Keynes) into a self-reinforcing process for broader societal prosperity. The way the broader socio-economic environment stokes “animal spirits” and benefits from them will be studied within the contexts of various shades of capitalism in Europe and elsewhere, expanding beyond the growth accounting and endogenous growth approaches and issues to novel concepts of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in growth and, further, into the underlying issues of social wellbeing such as inclusion, cohesion, equity, opportunities, and social care. Finally, at the policy level, the project will take a systemic approach aiming at an organic integration of diverse sets of policies that influence the creation and growth of innovative entrepreneurial ventures based on knowledge generation and diffusion.

Keywords: knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship,innovation,growth,social well-being
EUROPEAN UNION & THE WORLD SEEN FROM ABROAD (EUROBROADMAP)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: Europe in the world
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Belgium,Portugal,Sweden,Türkiye,Brazil,China,India,Romania,Malta,Cameroon
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-03-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2013759.2
EU funding (EUR): 1490076.0
Participants: 13
Project status: CLOSED

Geographers are the most critical social scientists when it comes to the delimitation of borders of the so-called European continent. Continents as Huntington’s civilisation are ideological productions that are certainly not based on natural facts. But they are deeply enhanced in the mind of European citizens and policy makers because they were historically produced by Europeans as a tool of world power. It is therefore crucial to examine which divisions of the world are perceived by people located outside the European Union, in order to produce a non Eurocentric view. The project EuroBroadMap is based on a worldwide survey trying to catch both the perception of European Union global role and attraction power level and the definition of EU from a qualitative and spatial point of view as well as the relative attraction of countries, or even cities that compose it. The survey will be realized on a panel of license degree students in a relevant panel of external countries and in different academic fields. The questionnaire will combine different kinds of methods, like drawings on maps, open questions, ranking etc… Variations in answer will be examined according to both geographical location and social status. The individual mental maps will be compared to collective representations: websites of organization, tourist guides, teaching books, international media, etc. Particular attention will be paid to (carto)graphic representations of Europe and other world divisions. Spiritual flows that are revealed by individual and collective mental maps will be then compared to four types of effective flows linking EU and the rest of the world (Trade, Aid, FDI, Migrations) in order to examine possible discrepancies. The diffusion of results in various formats (report, website, teaching material, …) will be organized in order to insure a growing awareness of the complexity of actual situation of Europe in the world, according to material and spiritual dimensions.

Keywords: mental maps - global flows - institutional visions - trade - migrations -borders - eurocentrism
Impact of Citizen Participation on Decision-Making in a Knowledge Intensive Policy Field (CIT-PART)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
Destination: The Citizen in the European Union
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Austria,Canada,Denmark,Italy,Latvia,Netherlands,Sweden,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-SSH-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2012-06-30
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1264503.22
EU funding (EUR): 1000000.0
Participants: 8
Project status: CLOSED

Citizens, policy makers and social scientists often call for citizen participation for reasons of democratic legitimacy and effectiveness. An important field in which this has been claimed vigorously is science and technology policy. Thus, many countries witnessed the introduction of Participatory Technology Assessment (PTA). The "litmus test" of PTA, and of citizen participation, is their impact on policy-making. But can PTA keep its promises and increase the influence of citizens' voices on decision-making? What in actual fact is the impact of PTA on decision-making? How can we increase it? In order to answer these questions the project "Impact of Citizen Participation on Decision Making in a Knowledge Intensive Policy Field" (CIT-PART) will study comparatively the impact of PTA and TA on policy-making in 7 member- and a non-member country, the Commission, the OECD and the Holy See. From that we will draw conclusions about the potential impact of institutionalised citizen participation on EU level. We will exemplify our questions through the reactions of various political systems to the challenge of xenotransplantation (XTP), which stands for the transplantation of animal organs, tissues or cells into humans. XTP is highly controversial: Its advocates perceive it as promising since it could help to remedy the shortage of human transplants. Its opponents insist that it involves too many risks - most prominently infection risks - and ethical questions. Adopting a theoretical approach of “social practices” we assume that the impact of citizen participation on decision-making is not only dependent on the quality of the PTA process itself but on practices of policy makers in which PTA is embedded in. Following from our theoretical approach we will apply qualitative methods of empirical research. The team involves researchers from anthropology, communication studies, political science, public law, social psychology and sociology.

Keywords: citizen participation,participatory technology assessment,xenotransplantation,ethical legal and social aspects of bioetchnology
Security of Road Transport Networks (SERON)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Security systems integration, interconnectivity and Interoperability
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Austria,Switzerland,United Kingdom,Belgium,Denmark
Call:  (FP7-ICT-SEC-2007-1, 2007)
Start date: 2009-11-01
End date: 2012-10-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2942113.0
EU funding (EUR): 2246110.0
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

The European road network, particularly TERN highways and TENT projects, is of major importance for the European economy and the mobility of the European citizens. A major task of highway owners and operators is to ensure a high availability of all important links. Even smaller disruptions due to traffic restrictions or failure of road network elements lead to severe traffic interferences resulting in high economic follow-up costs and negative environmental impacts. Such infrastructures also constitute attractive terrorist targets due to their accessibility and great potential impact on human lives and economic activity. Attacks may cause considerable damage, including structural damage or demolition, substantial human casualties, socio-economic losses (unemployment, relocation of firms, reconstruction costs) and socio-political damage (public uncertainty, confidence loss) and even environmental consequences, each being accompanied by the related costs. Particularly bridges and tunnels, key elements of the road network, are highly vulnerable to terrorist attacks due to their bottleneck function. The SeRoN project will undertake a holistic approach both at individual infrastructure object and at road network level. Its main objectives are to investigate the impacts of possible terrorist attacks on the transport network, in particular the resulting regional and supra-regional impacts on transport links and their economic impacts. SeRoN will focus on the development of a methodology which is to help owners and operators to analyse critical road transport networks or parts hereof with regard to possible terrorist attacks. It will evaluate planned protection measures for critical road transport infrastructures concerning their impact on security and cost-effectiveness. Finally SeRoN will give adequate recommendations concerning possible current and future threat situations and the related most effective security measures.

Keywords: critical infrastructures,road network,bridge and tunnel security,risk analysis,risk assessment,database,cost-effectiveness analysis,impact assessment,threat analysis,protection,organisation