Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the role of the immune receptor CD300f in spinal cord injury and metabolic reprogramming (CD300f)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Reintegration panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2020, 2020)
Start date: 2021-10-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI) exerts a key effect on the progress of both degeneration and regeneration after a traumatic injury. In addition, it has become increasingly clear that understanding the interaction between metabolism and immune function can provide an insight into cellular responses to different challenges. Recent reports from our group and others, suggest that metabolic reprogramming and immune receptors play an orchestrated role in modulating microglia and macrophage phenotype. An interesting example is CD300f, a very unique immune receptor that: i) displays a dual activating/inhibitory capacity; ii) is important for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and putatively of synapses; and iii) regulates microglia immunometabolic phenotype. Our hypothesis postulates that, by modulating immunometabolism, CD300f plays an important role in neuroprotection under neuroinflammatory conditions. In the current project, we propose to addresses the interplay between inflammation and metabolic reprogramming by evaluating the role of microglia/macrophage CD300f and their metabolic reprogramming after SCI. We will also test the efficacy of a mitochondrial modulator as a novel neuroprotective strategy for the stimulation of microglial mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. This proposal is based on a set of unpublished data produced by both the ER at the Institut Pasteur Montevideo and the host institution. We will use novel tools generated by our group as the CD300floxP mice, that crossed with CX3CR1-Creert mice will enable to the conditional CD300f KO in microglia and barrier macrophages, and compare these results with global KO mice. The results generated will provide novel insights related to the mechanisms underlying SCI, and for the understanding of how the immune system and the metabolism dialogue in SCI. This could have important implications in a broad spectrum of neurological diseases, where inflammation contribute detrimentally to the pathology.

Keywords: immunometabolism,microglia,macrophages,inflammation,spinal cord injury,immune receptors
The evolutionary history of oncogenic and non-oncogenic papillomaviruses (ONCOGENEVOL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185076.0
EU funding (EUR): 185076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Certain papillomaviruses (PVs) are a major public health concern as in humans they are responsible for virtually all cases of cervical and anal cancer, and for a fraction of cancers on the penis, vagina, vulva and oropharynx. But oncogenic PVs are actually an unfortunate exception, as most PVs cause asymptomatic infections, and a few cause benign, wart-like lesions. Despite the efforts directed towards the understanding of the different clinical manifestations of infection, our knowledge on PV evolution remains fragmentary. Oncogenic human PVs arose recently, after acquiring the E5, E6 and E7 genes. The integration of the E5 proto-oncogene in the ancestral AlphaPV genome allowed viruses to evade host immune response. Thereafter E6 and E7 acquired the ability to target essential tumor suppressor proteins, paving the way for carcinogenesis. Tracking the evolutionary history of the E5, E6 and E7 oncogenes will thus help understand the emergence of oncogenic human PVs. Regarding the deep roots of PVs, small DNA viruses may share a common ancestor as they encode proteins sharing similar functions and domains, but their evolutionary origin is still an enigma. Here I propose to apply an evolutionary medicine approach, combining in silico and wet-lab approaches, to study key events that occurred during PV genome evolution. We will go back into history and study how and when certain PVs became oncogenic. We will resurrect the ancestral oncogenes, and experimentally test hypotheses about the function of the resurrected proteins in different environmental contexts. We will then generate a comprehensive scenario modelling the appearance of the modern PV genome and the emergence of the oncogenic phenotype of certain PVs. Finally we will explore the relationships between small DNA viruses and test whether they may have a common origin. Our ultimate aim is to understand why a few PVs are oncogenic for a few host species, while most PVs cause asymptomatic infections in most hosts.

Keywords: ancestral gene resurrection,molecular dating,oncogenes,papillomaviruses,virus evolution,molecular evolution,cancer,cell virus interactions
Early POpulations in Cretan History: Investigating residential mobility in the eastern Mediterranean using isotope GeoChemistry (EPOCH GeoChem)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2018-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 195454.8
EU funding (EUR): 195454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

EPOCH GeoChem investigates the Neolithic Transition and the subsequent socio-economic developments on Crete (Greece) using a pioneering, multifaceted methodological approach. For the first time, the focus is on the skeletal remains of the respective people; the tools are cutting-edge isotope geochemistry and radiocarbon analyses; the perspective is bioarchaeological and the methodology is novel for this topic. The main objectives are to: a) investigate residential mobility during the Neolithic to Early Bronze Age on the island; b) refine the chronology of the early human occupation of Crete; c) achieve a nuanced reconstruction of the early Cretan bio-cultural history through in-context interpretation of isotopic data; d) create the tools necessary for this and further research on mobility in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. For the first time, isotopic analyses of multiple elements (strontium, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen) will be used on the same archaeological human remains, including the earliest yet excavated collection from Crete, to determine geographical origins and diet as proxies for distinguishing between different groups, reconstruct mobility and gain insights into the lifeways and social organization of the respective communities. Radiocarbon dating will provide a clear chronological framework. Through the Fellowship the applicant will create critical new knowledge, an innovative methodology and high quality new data for research into the Neolithic Transition and mobility in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean; establish lasting cross-border academic networks and collaborations; attain the professional maturity required for leading further research advances; educate the public on the benefits of science and motivate the younger generation. These outcomes fulfill the Horizon 2020 Programme’s aims to promote EU excellence through top research and innovation performance across Europe and through a knowledge-based society.

Keywords: strontium,oxygen,carbon,nitrogen,sulphur,hydrogen,ams radiocarbon dating,human skeletal remains,residential mobility,palaeodiet,neolithic transition,mediterranean
How does dopamine link QMP with reproductive repression to mediate colony harmony and productivity in the honeybee? (DRiveR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2018-03-01
End date: 2020-02-29
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183454.8
EU funding (EUR): 183454.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Insects pollinate 80% of crop plants in Europe and pollination services contribute €22 billion to the European economy annually. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) is the most extensively managed pollinator species, yet populations are declining. Understanding the biology of the honeybee and and factors contributing to its decline is critical for food security and maintenance of biodiversity. The honeybee has evolved a remarkable life history strategy where only one female is responsible for the majority of reproduction. The other females, the workers, forgo reproducing to care for the queen and her offspring. The presence of a reproductive queen is communicated via pheromones, arguably the most important of which is Queen Mandibular Pheromone (QMP). This pheromone inhibits ovary activity in worker bees and in its absence worker bees can activate their ovaries and lay unfertilised eggs that will become males. QMP is detected by the antennae and brain, but it is not currently known how the signal, initiated by QMP, is passed to the ovary. In this fellowship the applicant will address this fundamental gap in our knowledge by testing her hypothesis that dopamine acts to link the brain and ovary with exposure to QMP in the honeybee. The applicant will determine the role of dopamine signalling in maximising colony productivity and harmony and whether this is altered by sub-lethal doses of neonicotinoid pesticides. The experimental approach proposed in this fellowship is highly innovative as it combines state-of-the-art techniques both for measuring gene expression (RNA-seq) and for ovary culture and transplantation in honeybees. The applicant will combine these molecular approaches with behavioural ecology and colony monitoring (new skills that she will acquire under this fellowship) to understand not just how cells within the honeybee ovary respond to QMP, but how this signal affects the whole animal, its behaviour and, ultimately, the performance of the colony.

Keywords: honeybee,queen mandibular pheromone,dopamine,reproduction,molecular mechanism,gene expression,behaviour,signalling between brain and ovary
Forcing in Contemporary Philosophy of Set Theory (Philosophy Forcing)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-05-01
End date: 2019-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171460.8
EU funding (EUR): 171460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Forcing is one of the defining techniques of modern set theory. As of late its extensive and deep mathematical results and related foundational questions gained wider attention in the international debate in the philosophy of mathematics. This can be witnessed by the recent development of different research programs in the philosophy of set theory like the Multiverse or Hyperuniverse Program and the formation of new platforms for discussion like the newly founded Set Theoretic Pluralism network. This project aims to provide a philosophical and mathematical contribution to the ongoing debate by delivering a systematic study of forcing and its philosophical implications. It starts from the new observation that not only the results of forcing but also the way these results are obtained is of vital importance for the philosophical implications of the mathematical work. Our claim is that the method of forcing is not philosophically neutral; i.e. the different ways forcing is used by set theorists is one of the differentiating factors responsible for the philosophical conclusions drawn in the recent research programs. In the first part of the project we will systematically examine the forcing technique, its mathematical uses and the influence forcing has on philosophical debates such as the multiverse versus universe view and ultimately the question of the search for new axioms. We will investigate how the different uses of forcing inform (or even determine) the philosophical upshot of the set-theoretical programs under consideration. Our aim is to shed new light on the ongoing debate. The second part is dedicated to introducing new types of forcing (class-forcing, forcing over non-ZFC models) into the current philosophical debate in order to strengthen our case that the uses of forcing inform philosophical conclusions; further, these new types of forcing are put to use to counter and limit crucial generality claims on which some positions in the current debate rest.

Keywords: philosophy of science,philosophy of mathematics,set theory,forcing
Wireless devices for smart energy management systems (MICROBAT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: Stimulating the innovation potential of SMEs for a low carbon energy system (H2020-SMEINST-1-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-05-01
End date: 2015-10-31
Duration (months): 6.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

There is a growing need for smart energy-efficient homes, offices and industrial plants, and this need is increasingly being supported by legislation. Hence there is a growing market for technologies to enable this, through the deployment of smart metering as well as intelligent heating, ventilation, lighting, and monitoring control systems. To address this market, a new class of low-power wireless protocols has been developed for the automation and control of the above systems. To date, wireless home and building automation systems that employ such protocols have seen limited adoption, despite the technology being widely available, mainly because conventional semiconductor radio architectures are unable to fulfill the market need of whole-house coverage and ultra-low power consumption while using inexpensive semiconductor technology. Cascoda's patented technology is unique in that it delivers standards-based radio communication with whole-house coverage, high data-link reliability and ultra-low power consumption, while using inexpensive CMOS semiconductor technology. The objective of this project is to investigate the best fit for Cascoda’s technology with manufacturers energy management systems, and to develop an appropriate customer evaluation kit and a high-level protocol stack for the target application. Together, these items will form a solution with which such manufacturers can quickly and easily integrate Cascoda’s technology.

Keywords: energy managament,energy efficiency,ieee 802 15 4,smart home,smart metering,smart grid
An object-oriented approach to color (Color3.0)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2025-08-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497787.5
EU funding (EUR): 2497787.5
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

There have been tremendous advances in color science. The absorption of photons by three types of photoreceptors is known at the molecular genetic level. Human cone fundamentals are tabled to several decimal places and color opponency is understood at the neural and computational level. Yet, all this knowledge is based on extremely restrictive assumptions with a colored light in the dark (Color 1.0) or flat, matte surfaces in a uniformly colored context (Color 2.0). But which mechanisms mediate perception of colors in the real world– when looking at a field of flowers or searching for a certain product in the supermarket? Arguably, the most important function of color is the processing of information about objects in scenes. It is the tight link to objects through which color helps us see things quicker and remember them better. This proposal, Color 3.0, is based on an active observer dealing with three-dimensional objects in natural environments. It deals with the dimensions relevant for the main purpose of color perception – intensity, hue and saturation. The goal is to fundamentally rethink color science around real world objects and natural tasks. We will gain a deep understanding of the circuitry underlying color perception in real and virtual worlds, a Deep Neural Network model of color processing that can be traced through the brain, a new colorimetry based on natural object colors rather than flat, matte patches of light, and last but not least a better measure for luminous intensity that can deal with objects of different color. This could lead to a revision of how we study the early visual system, better color reproduction and better lighting systems. Our use of real-time raytracing in VR could cause a paradigm shift in vision science, away from a passively viewing observer pushing buttons, towards an active observer situated in a virtual world and performing a natural task.

Keywords: color vision,luminance,color appearance,color constancy
Bioelectrochemical anaerobic oxidation of ammonia for sustainable N removal from wastewater (ELECTRAMMOX)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Society and Enterprise panel
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-15
End date: 2022-06-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In the last decade, the field of microbial electro catalysis has given birth to a wide variety of microbial electrochemical technologies (MET). MET use the extraordinary ability of some microorganisms to transfer electrons from a substrate in wastewater to a solid-state anode, which allows for different applications e.g., production of H2 , CH4, or electricity, desalination or simply wastewater treatment. Recently, electroactive microorganisms were integrated in constructed wetlands (CW) for the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater in a new technology called METland®. METlands allow for intensification of (previously considered extensive) CW for decentralized wastewater treatment. Although METlands perform 10-times better than conventional CW in terms of removal of organic C, about 50% of the NH4+ in the wastewater remains untouched and is discharged to surface waters contributing to N pollution and high risk of eutrophication. The majority of studies about MET focus on heterotrophic microorganisms but few works have studied anaerobic NH4+ oxidizing-, anode respiring microorganisms. The feammox reaction (anaerobic oxidation of ammonium using insoluble Fe3+ as electron acceptor) has been shown in natural environments but has yet not been exploited for wastewater treatment. Integration of feammox in wastewater treatment by replacing the iron by an anode will enable anaerobic nitrification, minimizing the most problematic issue for treating wastewater in thousands of European small populations: the costs derived from energy-intensive aeration for conventional nitrification. In ELECTRAMMOX we will enrich and characterize anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing, anode-respiring microorganisms (electrammox bacteria) and integrate them in METlands for N removal from sewage. The project outlines a research trajectory that includes fundamental investigation of the metabolism of electrammox bacteria and their application for wastewater treatment at a pilot scale.

Keywords: microbial electrocatalysis,nitrogen removal,wastewater,nitrification,bioelectrochemical systems
NEW WIRING for VEHICLES (NEWIR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Italy
Call: Small business innovation research for Transport (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-03-01
End date: 2016-06-30
Duration (months): 4.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of our project is to address the issue of the reduction of the electrical wiring weight in vehicles, developing a new technology that produces galvanic plated aluminium electric wire that can replace electric wire made of copper. We plan to develop an integrated plant that will electro-plate aluminium wire with copper and normalise it, so that it can be subsequently drawn and used to produce innovative electric cables. These new cables for the transport sector will weigh about half as much as the equivalent copper cables and will have an approximately 40% lower production cost, all conditions being equal in terms of electrical and mechanical properties. The above goal will be reached combining the following processes into a single plant: • appropriate technologies for the galvanic coating of aluminium, to prevent the very rapid oxidation to which aluminium is susceptible, increase its conductivity and enable the wire to be soldered; • appropriate technologies for thermal treatment of the metals, to obtain a ductile material that can be drawn and twisted as easily as copper. The market of reference for selling the new plant consists of the producers of copper cables for the automotive sector: these manufacturers will have the opportunity to provide copper-coated aluminium cables that are complete replacements for today copper cables in all classes of flexibility, and to enjoy the added benefits of lower production cost and greater lightness. A production cost lower will increase the profit margins enjoyed by these cable producers and reduce the price of sale paid by the vehicles manufacturers. Other important sectors where we can enter the market will be the manufacturers of electric cables where the weight is a critical factor as in the aeronautical and aerospace. We expect to offer the market a new plant that can be standardised and is scalable, and which can produce drawable copper-coated aluminium wire continuously at a speed of 40 to 200 mt/min.

Keywords: new electrical wiring in vehicles,reduced electrical wiring weight,copper coating of alumium electric wires for vehicles