Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Fitting The World to Minds: Brain Basis of Sharing and Transmitting Representations of the Social World (SOCIAL BRAIN)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: The Human Mind and its complexity
Countries involved: Finland
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2018-12-31
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1280479.0
EU funding (EUR): 1280479.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding other peoples’ minds is one of the most fundamental human skills but also the most demanding challenge our brains pose every day: To understand each other, we need to share neural representations of the external world across brains. Studying how social information is represented similarly across individual brains and how it flows from brain to brain poses huge conceptual and technical challenges for neuroscientists, who have consequently resorted to experiments using simplistic and impoverished social stimuli. However, recent advances in brain signal analysis enable us to study the brain basis of social interaction under naturalistic settings with unparalleled accuracy. This neuroimaging project aims to bridge the gap between social psychology and cognitive neuroscience by building a comprehensive neurocognitive model of how individuals maintain and communicate shared neural representations of the dynamic social world. The framework relies on testing the assumption that similarities in sensory and higher-order processing across individuals can be quantified by measuring temporal synchronization of their brain activity. We use novel signal analysis methods, experimental techniques and rapid magnetic resonance image acquisition for testing i) whether selective synchronization of brain circuits during social interaction supports interpersonal understanding, ii) whether similarities in cognitive task sets across individuals are associated with increasingly synchronous brain activity, and iii) whether intense emotional experiences enhance synchronization of brain responses and flow of information from brain to brain. The results will significantly improve our understanding of the brain dynamics of social interaction, and the proposed naturalistic neuroscience approach and will potentially contribute to a significant paradigm shift in social and cognitive neuroscience.

Keywords: social cognition,emotions,brain imaging,naturalistic neuroscience,action understanding,fmri
Research infrastructure for research and innovation policy studies (RISIS)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to existing research infrastructures
Action type: Combination of CP & CSA
Countries involved: France,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Italy,Norway,Austria,Netherlands,Switzerland,Israel,Spain,United Kingdom,Germany
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1-RTD, 2012)
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2018-06-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7157673.2
EU funding (EUR): 4999184.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

The RISIS project aims at creating a distributed research infrastructure to support and advance science and innovation studies. This will give the field a strong scientific push forward, and at the same time, provide a radically improved evidence base for research and innovation policies, for research evaluation, and for the quality of policy relevant indicators. The field of science and innovation studies is interdisciplinary, and is related to political sciences, sociology, management and economics. It has a strong quantitative core - with specialties such as scientometrics, technometrics and more widely indicators design - but for many important questions data were lacking or small scale only. This has made the field too much dependent on a few pre-existing datasets. However, during the last decade important efforts have been undertaken to develop new datasets on burning issues such as industrial R&D globalisation, patenting activities of firms, university performance, Europeanisation through joint programming, or the dynamics of nano S&T. Another new characteristic of the field is the development– together with computer scientists – of software platforms for collecting, integrating and analysing ever more data. Data and platforms are currently owned and/or located at many different organizations, such as individual research groups, companies, and public organizations – with very restricted access to others. Through deploying various networking and access strategies, and through joint research, RISIS will decisively open, harmonize, integrate, improve, and extend their availability, quality and use.

Keywords: science and technology studies,science policy studies,innovation studies,data infrastructure,interdisciplinarity,e-science,grand societal challenges
The International Dimensions of Authoritarian Rule (IDAR)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Institutions, values, beliefs and behaviour
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2016-12-31
Duration (months): 49.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1023934.0
EU funding (EUR): 1023934.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This project examines the international dimensions of transitions to and consolidation of authoritarian rule. The need for greater theoretical focus on the sources of authoritarian politics reflects the enduring power and influence of non-democratic regimes in an increasingly democratic world. However, while recent scholarship has sought to conceptualise and explain the enduring patterns of authoritarianism, the existing literature in this field has focused almost exclusively on domestic-level politics, and has marginalised international-level factors. Building on the expertise of the Principal Investigator in the international politics of regime change, this project will overturn existing understandings and will create a new agenda for future research by providing a dedicated and comparative analysis of international dimensions of authoritarian rule that rests on the systematic study of a wide range of quantitative and qualitative evidence by an integrated team of specialist researchers. The project will involve an innovative multi-method research design that combines advanced quantitative techniques (to assess the international influences on regime duration over time) with rigorous case study analyses (to identify the causal mechanisms linking international variables to domestic authoritarian politics). The four-year project will help establish a new scholarly community with a common intellectual focus, which will collectively pioneer a new agenda for research into the international politics of authoritarianism. The overall project team will be comprised of the PI, one full time-time post-doctoral research fellow, two full-time doctoral students, a part-time doctoral research assistant, and the partial involvement of Dr Jonathan Glub from the University of Reading. The project outputs will include a PI-authored monograph and a PI-edited collected volume, as well as a range of individual and collaborative research articles.

Keywords: authoritarianism
Shaping text, Shaping melody, Shaping experience in and through the Old Hispanic office (OLD HISPANIC OFFICE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Cultures and cultural production
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2018-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1470658.0
EU funding (EUR): 1470658.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Scholars have neglected Iberia’s early-medieval Christian liturgy, reflecting the insurmountable difficulties the non-pitch-readable music notation presents for conventional methodologies. This project’s trans-disciplinary methodology integrates the study of melody and text across the Old Hispanic liturgy for the first time. With theologians and musicologists, I will explore the potential the Old Hispanic chants had for promoting a particular religious experience within an almost-forgotten liturgy. Together, we will bring the many-layered and cross-referential Old Hispanic approach to text choice, musical punctuation and melodic pacing explicitly to the attention of modern composers, encouraging them to explore compositional processes that evoke similar spiritual responses. The composers will act as a communicative channel between the pure scholarship demanded by the Old Hispanic material, and contemporary concert audiences and congregations. We will produce a team-authored book, several peer-reviewed articles, a series of publicly performed compositions, an EU-workshop and an International Festival of new music inspired by the project findings. The Old Hispanic liturgy is one of the musical, intellectual and theological jewels of our European cultural heritage, and this project will give a wide audience a holistic understanding of its richness.

Keywords: old hispanic liturgy,chant analysis,text/music relationships,contemporary art music composition,patristic exegesis,musical rhetoric
ARCHES : Astronomical Resource Cross-matching for High Energy Studies (ARCHES)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Space
Destination: Strengthening the foundations of Space science and technology
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: France,Germany,United Kingdom,Spain,Spain
Call:  (FP7-SPACE-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2228233.46
EU funding (EUR): 1720367.3
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

ARCHES will focus on the X-ray survey catalogue data from the XMM-Newton mission. New tools will be developed for cross-correlation with extensive archival resources, producing well-characterised multi-wavelength data in the form of spectral energy distributions for large sets of objects. These enhanced resources will significantly broaden the effective exploitation of the data by the scientific community in the exploration of a wide range of forefront astrophysical questions.

Keywords: astronomical surveys,multi-wavelength astronomy,virtual observatory applications
A holistic, scenario-independent, situation-awareness and guidance system for sustaining the Active Evacuation Route for large crowds. (EVACUATE)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Restoring security and safety in case of crisis
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Greece,United Kingdom,Spain,Spain,Belgium,France,Italy,France,Germany,Germany,Spain,Italy,Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-SEC-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 50.0
Total project cost (EUR): 13135530.71
EU funding (EUR): 8583311.91
Participants: 19
Project status: CLOSED

The dynamic capture of situational awareness concerning crowds in specific mass gathering venues and its intelligent enablement into emergency management information systems, using smart communication devices and spaces is critical for achieving rapid, timely guidance and safe evacuation of people out of dangerous areas. Humans could be overwhelmed by fast changes of potentially dangerous incidents occurring at confined environments with mass-gathering. They could fail to make objective decisions to find their way to safety. This condition may lead to mass panic and make emergency management more challenging. In eVACUATE, the intelligent fusion of sensors, geospatial and contextual information, with advanced multi-scale crowd behaviour detection and recognition will be developed. The structured fusion of sensing information with dynamic estimated uncertainties on behaviour predictions will advance eVACUATE crowd dynamic models; and virtual reality simulations of crowds in confined environments. A service oriented Decision-Support System shall be developed to dynamically distribute on-demand evacuation information to emergency management actors as the crisis unfolds. Decision-makers at the command posts, first responders, front-line stewards and volunteers receive real-time situation aware information of updated evacuation strategies using robust and resilient eVACUATE information and communication infrastructure. Smart spaces of electronic, audio and other mobile devices shall be connected to the integrated system to provide safer evacuation routings for people. The eVACUATE system performance and scalability will be validated in four distinct scenarios involving incidents with large crowd at various venues with the requirements of evacuation time reductions and increases of safety and security. These are: 1) Underground stations in Bilbao; 2) Real Sociedad Footbal Stadium in San Sebastian, 3) Athens International Airport and 4) a STX Cruiseship.

Keywords: evacuation,crowd models,micro-scale,macro-scale,simulation,common operational picture,smart spaces,data fusion,jdl,sensors,rfis,information sharing,guidance,hysteria,crowd dynamics
Channels and Consequences of Knowledge Flows from Developed Economies to Central and Eastern Europe (KNOWLEDGEFLOWS)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2012-12-01
End date: 2018-05-31
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1313776.0
EU funding (EUR): 1313776.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

In this project, I study how economic development is shaped by cross-country knowledge flows via trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), and other channels. Using novel micro data for several Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, I measure the quantitative importance of three channels: technical knowledge embodied in imported machinery, technical and organizational knowledge embodied in expatriate managers, and disembodied knowledge transfers taking place within multinational firms. I then analyze what impact foreign knowledge has on the firms and the workers of the host economy, and what are its implications for aggregate productivity and income inequality. The project relies on several existing databases for Hungary and Romania, which will be complemented with newly purchased, collected and compiled data. The outcome of the project will be seven research studies and a collection of firm-level data sets covering CEE countries, including a large cross-country firm survey on the local supplier linkages of multinational companies. My proposed project improves upon the state of the art in four ways. First, as a comprehensive study using novel micro data, it uncovers new facts about the relative importance of the channels of knowledge flows. Second, it improves the identification of causal effects relative to existing studies by exploiting the detailed micro data. Third, it uses the micro estimates to quantify the aggregate impact of foreign knowledge on the economy. Fourth, it discusses how foreign knowledge affects different firms and workers differently, and, more specifically, how it may contribute to income inequality. More broadly, the research findings help evaluate the relative efficacy of trade, FDI, and immigration policies in promoting economic growth and can inform theories about the channels and barriers of productivity convergence.

Keywords: knowledge flows,international trade,foreign direct investment,technology transfer
Space Radiation Superconductive Shield (SR2S)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Space
Destination: Strengthening the foundations of Space science and technology
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Italy,France,Switzerland,Italy,Ireland
Call:  (FP7-SPACE-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2015-12-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2774567.84
EU funding (EUR): 1995853.44
Participants: 7
Project status: CLOSED

Long duration permanence in deep space or on the surface of planet not protected by a thick atmosphere and/or magnetosphere represent a challenge which remains, as today, unsolved. Long time exposure to Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) is thought to cause a significant increase in the probability of various type of cancers. Means to adequately shield the astronauts from the ionizing radiation are required in order to realistically plan for exploration missions to Mars, Near Earth Asteroids or for setting on the Moon surface. This study will explore the feasibility of a superconducting magnetic shield, comparing the various possible magnetic configurations and analyzing its merits as well the challenges of this approach. It also include the development of some key abilitating technologies to be used to build such a spacecraft shield.

Keywords: superconductivity magnet magnesium diboride space radiation ybco
The Economics of Mass Migration: Theory and Evidence (MIGRATION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1136850.0
EU funding (EUR): 1136850.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The proposed research develops and tests models of individual behavior to provide evidence on the magnitude, causes and consequences of the mass migration between Europe and the US that occurred at the turn of the twentieth century. Underlying the project is the availability of electronic administrative records for 24 million migrants who arrived in the US via Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924, that we have obtained access to. Our earlier work using this data [Bandiera et al. 2011] shows that migration at the turn of the twentieth century was effectively a two-way flow between the US and Europe, rather than a one-way movement from Europe to the US. This insight is what the proposed research agenda seeks to build on. The proposed project will develop and apply economic theory and micro-econometric methods related to core questions in the economics of migration. Our proposal will provide theory and evidence on four broad research themes: (i) the determinants of temporary versus permanent migration, and consequently how each type of migrant is differentially selected; (ii) the behavior and socio-economic outcomes of migrants who endogenously chose to remain in the US; (iii) the impact of mass migration on the labor market outcomes of Americans; (iv) whether institutional change in the US was driven by the nature of selective migration into America and where migrants chose to settle. In consequence, and to return full circle to the original insight from Bandiera et al. [2011] that underlies this research proposal, we ask whether migrants that returned to Europe from the US drove institutional change across European countries at the turn of the twentieth century.

Keywords: temporary migration,permanent migration,selection,economic impacts of mass migration,institutional change.
Security And InteroperabiLity in Next Generation PPDR CommUnication InfrastructureS (SALUS)

Framework: FP7 — Cooperation
Programme: Security
Destination: Improving Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability
Action type: Collaborative project
Countries involved: Portugal,France,Germany,Slovenia,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Greece,Serbia,Belgium,France,Finland,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Russian Federation
Call:  (FP7-SEC-2012-1, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-01
End date: 2016-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4776925.26
EU funding (EUR): 3499829.0
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) agencies in EC member states are relying on digital Private Mobile Radio (PMR) networks for mission-critical voice and data communication. These networks are highly resilient and properly dimensioned to cope with crisis and emergency handling, and are well protected against monitoring and intrusion by means of encryption, authentication and integrity. The two main standards for digital PMR networks in Europe are TETRA (TErrestrial Trunked RAdio) and TETRAPOL.The majority of these networks are based on mature technology, requiring old-fashion synchronous links (backbone), and using proprietary hardware solutions that eventually become obsolete. These networks also provide limited inter-technology coverage providing very ineffective management of emergency events, both at the national level and in cross-border regions. The main goal of SALUS is to design, implement and evaluate a next generation communication network for Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) agencies, supported by network operators and industry, which will provide security, privacy, seamless mobility, QoS and reliability support for mission-critical PMR voice and broadband data services. The project covers the full techno-economic scope regarding development and deployment of the next generation PPDR networks by focusing on the integration with / migration to 4G wireless communications developments targeting three critical scenarios 1) city security, 2) disaster recovery, and 3) temporary protection. Salus will address key research challenges such as enterprise architectures, economic and business analysis, and a number of technical aspects concerning QoS, resilience, inter-systems handover (secure, seamless and fast), enhanced security, privacy mechanisms in heterogeneous network infrastructure, and multicast broadband PPDR services.

Keywords: security,interoperability,tetra,tetrapol,ppdr
The Economics of Grievances and Ethnic Conflicts (GRIEVANCES)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Individuals, institutions and markets
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (ERC-2012-StG_20111124, 2012)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2017-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1031370.0
EU funding (EUR): 1031370.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I analyze theoretically and empirically the role played by grievances and hostile beliefs in ethnic conflicts. I study the interaction between economic incentives, endogenous salience of ethnic identities, belief dynamics and conflicts. In particular I analyze the formation of oppositional ethnic identities, which correspond to group-specific systems of beliefs leading to distrust and use of violence. Those issues are at the intersection of the literatures on the economics of conflicts and the economics of social identity. They involve both micro- and macro- aspects. I provide an applied theory framework to articulate the analysis and I perform both experimental and empirical investigations to test the main theoretical predictions. The project is ambitious but realistic. It has the potential for important contributions to the current literature: the topic is important, original and unexplored using formal and quantitative methods. My methodological approach encompasses state-of-the-art theory and thought-provocative empirical strategies. The approach is grounded in quantitative economics. However the proposal draws many insights from other disciplines in the social and biological sciences. This proposal is a revised version of my research project which was selected for the second step of the previous ERC 2011 call.

Keywords: economics of conflicts - economics of social identity- endogenous salience of oppositional ethnic identity