Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Regulation of early embryo development and pluripotency through alternative splicing (EDPAS)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2017-06-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 158121.6
EU funding (EUR): 158121.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Understanding how the differentiation potential of the mammalian embryo gets restricted during development is a key question in the embryology and stem cell fields. Alternative splicing (AS) is the process by which different exons are selected in precursor mRNAs to generate multiple protein products. Recent studies have shown that 95% of human multiexonic genes undergo AS, however little is known regarding its role in modulating pluripotency and differentiation. The aim of this project is to study the role that AS plays in these processes. For this we will first use ultra-deep coverage RNA-sequencing data from three mammalian species to identify alternative exons that show conserved dynamic usage during early developmental stages. Second, we will functionally test in ESCs the role of a number of these isoforms in pluripotency maintenance. Finally, we will take advantage of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology to generate exon specific knockouts in mouse embryos in order to assess their role during early embryo development. The results obtained from the proposed research will add to our knowledge of the regulatory networks that control early embryo development and will improve our understanding of the biology of stem cells, which is essential for their effective use for therapeutic applications. In addition, the use of state-of-the-art technology and a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze mammalian pluripotency regulation will improve my expertise in this field, helping me to gain independence in the near future.

Keywords: alternative splicing,pluripotency,early embryo development
A Realizability Approach to Complexity Theory (ReACT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Mathematics
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-11-01
End date: 2018-03-27
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 212194.8
EU funding (EUR): 212194.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Complexity theory concerns fundamental questions on the mathematics of computer science about the amount of resources needed to run programs or solve problems. The ReACT project will build on recent work in realizability models for linear logic to provide new characterizations of existing complexity classes. The end goal is to enable researchers to attack long-standing open problems in complexity theory by using mathematical techniques, tools and invariants from operators algebras and dynamical systems. The "complexity-through-realizability" techniques developed by the ReACT project will provide a unified framework for studying many computational paradigms and their associated computational complexity theory grounded on well-studied mathematical concepts. This will allow for comparison of complexity classes defined from different computational paradigms (e.g. sequential and quantum computation), as well as establish a theory of complexity for computational paradigms lacking such (e.g. concurrent processes). The "complexity-through-realizability" approach stems from established logical-based approaches of complexity theory and inherits their strengths. It furthermore improves crucially over them as it builds upon state-of-the-art theoretical results on realizability models for linear logic using well-studied mathematical concepts from operators algebras and dynamical systems. As a consequence, it opens the way to the use against the open problems of the discipline the many techniques, tools and invariants that were developed in these mathematical disciplines. The ReACT project has two objectives. The first objective aims at establishing this new approach to complexity as an emerging and promising field of study which generalizes and extends previous techniques. The second objective is to investigate investigating how the mathematical methods and techniques derived from of our approach can be used to attack long-standing open problems in complexity theory.

Keywords: implicit computational complexity,linear logic
Safety and Security Standards of Space Systems, ground Segments and Satellite data assets, via prevention, detection, response and mitigation of physical and cyber threats (7SHIELD)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure societies - protecting freedom and security of Europe and its citizens
Theme: Protect and improve the resilience of critical infrastructures, supply chains and tranport modes
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Israel,Cyprus,Greece,Greece,Finland,Greece,Switzerland,Belgium,France,France,Netherlands,United Kingdom,Portugal
Call: Prevention, detection, response and mitigation of combined physical and cyber threats to critical infrastructure in Europe (H2020-SU-INFRA-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-09-01
End date: 2023-02-28
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 8682437.5
EU funding (EUR): 6969568.75
Participants: 22
Project status: SIGNED

The project addresses the security and the resilience of EU Ground Segments of Space Systems, meeting the crosscutting and the sectorial criteria of the EU critical infrastructures (2008/14). The Copernicus era has created a new market with the massive amounts of satellite data that the ground segments of space systems receive serve to the market and governmental bodies. A physical/cyber-attack to their installations or communication networks, respectively, would cause debilitating impact on public safety and security of EU citizens and public authorities. A physical attack on a space ground segment makes the distribution of satellite data problematic and, on the other hand, a cyber-attack in its data storage, access and exchange affects not only the reliability of space data, but also their FAIR standards: findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. Current approaches do not fully exploit the recent advances in surveillance mechanisms with robotic technologies and AI. 7SHIELD will be an integrated yet flexible and adaptable framework enabling the deployment of innovative services for cyber-physical protection of ground segments, such as e-fences, passive radars and laser technologies, multimedia AI technologies, that enhance their protection capabilities, while integrating or interoperating with existing protection solutions already deployed at their installations. The framework will integrate advanced technologies for data integration, processing, and analytics, machine learning and recommendation systems, data visualization and dashboards, data security and cyber threat protection. The technological solution is co-designed with first responders’ teams and contributes to policy making, standardisation and new guidelines for contingency planning and service continuity. The project will be evaluated and demonstrated in five installations of ground segments of space systems.

Keywords: ground segments of space systems,copernicus data
Cell division and the origin of embryonic aneuploidy in preimplantation mouse development (COREMA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Panel description: Structure and function of the cell, cell-cell communication, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, organogenesis, growth, development, evolution of development, organoids, stem cells, regeneration, therapeutic approaches
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2017-01-01
End date: 2021-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497156.0
EU funding (EUR): 2497156.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Cell division is fundamental for development. In the early mammalian embryo it drives the rapid proliferation of totipotent cells, the basis for forming the fetus. Given its crucial importance, it is surprising that cell division is particularly error-prone at the beginning of mammalian life, resulting in spontaneous abortion or severe developmental retardation, the incidence of which is increasing with age of the mother. Why aneuploidy is so prevalent and how early embryonic development nevertheless achieves robustness is largely unknown. The goal of this project is a comprehensive analysis of cell divisions in the mouse preimplantation embryo to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying aneuploidy and its effects on normal development. Recent technological breakthroughs, including light sheet microscopy and rapid loss-of-function approaches in the mouse embryo will allow us for the first time to tackle the molecular mechanisms of aneuploidy generation and establish the preimplantation mouse embryo as a standard cell biological model system. For that purpose we will develop next generation light sheet microscopy to enable automated chromosome tracking in the whole embryo. Mapping of cell division errors will reveal when, where, and how aneuploidy occurs, what the fate of aneuploid cells is in the embryo, and how this changes with maternal age. We will then perform high resolution functional imaging assays to identify the mitotic pathways responsible for aneuploidy and understand why they do not fully function in early development. Key proteins will be functionally characterised in detail integrating light sheet imaging with single molecule biophysics in embryos from young and aged females to achieve a mechanistic understanding of the unique aspects of cell division underlying embryonic aneuploidy. The achieved knowledge gain will have an important impact for our understanding of mammalian, including human infertility.

Keywords: mouse embryo,preimplantation development,aneuploidy,infertility,mitosis,chromosome segregation,centromere,kinetochore tracking,light sheet microscopy,spim,image analysis,spindle assembly
5GCITY (5GCITY)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Information and Communication Technologies
Action type: Innovation actions
Partnership: 5G PPP (cPPP)
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Spain,Italy,Italy,Italy,Italy,Belgium,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,Luxembourg,Portugal,Portugal
Call: 5G PPP Convergent Technologies (H2020-ICT-2016-2, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2020-03-31
Duration (months): 34.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7710063.63
EU funding (EUR): 6072367.4
Participants: 22
Project status: CLOSED

Delivering on the 5G promise of increased data rates, and ubiquitous coverages, poses stringent requirements on traditional vertically integrated operators. In particular, telecom operators are expected to massively roll out Small Cells, which requires finding appropriate urban spaces with both backhaul and energy availability. Network sharing becomes essential to unlock those commercial massive deployments. The open access model, or neutral host, will come to play a key role on the deployment of 5G networks, especially in urban scenarios where very dense Small Cell deploymens are required. In parallel recent trends are paving the way towards the development of new, heterogeneous and distributed cloud paradigms that significantly differ from today’s established cloud model: with edge computing, cloud architectures are pushed all the way to the edge of the network, close to the devices that produce and act on data. We posit that there are two sets of players perfectly poised to take advantage of both trends since they already own the infrastructure needed to build edge deployments: telecommunication providers and municipalities. 5GCity focuses on how common smart city infrastructure (i.e.,small cells and processing power at the very edge of networks) can bring benefit to both players based on resource sharing and end-to-end virtualization, pushing the cloud model to the extreme edge. 5GCity will design, develop, deploy and demonstrate a distributed cloud and radio platform for municipalities and infrastructure owners acting as 5G neutral hosts. 5GCity’s main aim is to build and deploy a common, multi-tenant, open platform that extends the (centralized) cloud model to the extreme edge of the network, with a demonstration in three different cities (Barcelona, Bristol and Lucca). 5GCity will directly impact a large and varied range of actors: (i) telecom providers; (ii) municipalities; and (iii) a number of different vertical sectors utilizing the city infrastructure

Keywords: edge computing,resource constrained virtualization,edge network virtualization,edge management and orchestration,city wide pilots
Tracking and guiding artificial enzyme evolution via landscape inference (GuideArtifEvol)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-09-01
End date: 2021-12-21
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 196707.84
EU funding (EUR): 196707.84
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Directed evolution is an effective method for protein engineering. The host laboratory is designing innovative techniques for the directed evolution experiments of enzymes, with the possibility to test millions or billions of variants to be tested at each cycle. In this project, I will introduce the use of full-gene next generation sequencing to supervise the exploration of variants at the sequence level and quantitatively characterize the fitness landscape, with a focus on non-additive effects of mutations into fitness (epistasis). Furthermore, this information will be included in DE protocols to guide a more efficient exploration of the sequence space. The project is a strongly interdisciplinary project consisting of experimental synthetic biology, physics modelling and bioinformatics analysis. It is focused in the study of DNA processing enzymes such as polymerase and endonucleases. The proposal includes the development of specific tools which should have an immediate impact on the scientific community: i. extend the applications of next generation sequencers to characterize full length genetic libraries of protein variants ; ii. adapt quantitative methods, previously developed for sets of structurally homologous proteins and derived from Potts model to study the catalytic properties of during directed evolution. iii. develop a new experimental protocol to control the number of mutations in libraries. The analysis will provide a better understanding of the topology of the fitness landscape of an enzyme, and its distortions under selective pressures, thereby clarifying the relations between sequence,function and evolution in proteins.

Keywords: directed evolution,next generation sequencing,epistasis,direct coupling analysis,molecular programs,microfluidics,synthetic biology
From mining policy to grassroot politics. Industrial citizenship in times of crisis (MINPOL)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Spain
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2021-09-01
End date: 2023-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 172932.48
EU funding (EUR): 172932.48
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Addressing a recent trend of mine reopening in southern Europe, the project will analyse the relationships between mining policies, expectations of employment and grassroot politics in times of economic crisis. On the basis of an ethnographic case study located in southwest Spain, the project will study mining revival from policy-making to its local impact on working-class families involved in the re-opening of a historical mine. The MINPOL project aims at shedding an innovative light on how economic and political order is produced, maintained but also challenged locally. Drawing upon the concept of “industrial citizenship”, which stresses the role of industry in the constitution of political subjects, on the work scene and beyond, this project will study political subjectivities arising from hopes of re-industrialization in European rural societies. Beyond the specificities of the economic sector and of the geographic setting, this research will contribute to the study of grassroots politics, emphasizing the prevalent importance of work while questioning how the economic policies in times of crisis transform the way (un)employment shapes daily life and subjectivation processes. The project will be conducted along three paths of investigation. 1. It will study Spanish mining policy, analysing the appropriation of economic doctrines from European to local scale, paying particular attention to the diffusion of policy narratives and devices. 2. Focusing on (former) miners’ families, the project will study local impacts of mining revival policies. Moving from the industrial world and the work-scene to the surrounding villages, it will analyse the renewed importance of mining industry in production and reproduction practices, and its influence on social identities. 3. Investigating public spaces, associations and collective action, it will scrutinize discrete processes of politicization that arise from ordinary sociality and (re)productive practices.

Keywords: mining industry citizenship southern europe
Modelling non-stationary tree growth responses to global warming (MONOSTAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Earth system science
Panel description: Physical geography, geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, climatology, cryology, ecology, global environmental change, biogeochemical cycles, natural resources management
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2019-ADG, 2019)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2027-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2497500.0
EU funding (EUR): 2497500.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Tree-rings are a key proxy archive for reconstructing high resolution climate variability over the past 1-2ka at regional to global scales. Skillful reconstructions require a stationary relationship between tree growth and climate (Hutton’s principle of uniformitarianism), which is commonly evaluated by statistical calibration/verification trials against instrumental measurements. This association, however, weakened during the second half of the 20th century, when tree-ring width and density chronologies from Northern Hemisphere forests were not able to track the rapidly increasing temperatures. This so-called “divergence” problem was identified in the 1990s to be a large-scale phenomenon, and not only questions the reliability of tree-ring based temperature reconstruction, but also affects our understanding of the Earth’s climate sensitivity to anthropogenic greenhouse gases. A conclusive explanation for this central problem of contemporary paleoclimate research is, however, still missing. Here, I propose to develop a process model that simulates year-to-year and long-term variations in both tree-ring width and density of different conifer species growing under different climate regimes. Evidence from this model will be combined with data from a new, hemispheric scale network of tree-ring width and density chronologies, as well as in-situ monitoring data, to train the model, validate synthetic timeseries, and analyze spatially varying influences of climatological, air chemical and ecological drivers on tree growth. Model-data fusion and inverse modelling techniques will be applied to quantify the non-linear mechanisms underlying divergence, and to deduce methodological recommendations that can be applied by any paleoclimatologist, working with different species and in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere, to mitigate late 20th century divergence and thus improve their climate reconstructions.

Keywords: dendrochronology,climate reconstruction,forward modeling,tree rings,northern hemisphere
Claustrum function in cortical processing and putative claustral dysfunction in schizophrenia (CLAUSTROFUNCT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Synergy grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Synergy Grant (ERC-2019-SyG, 2019)
Start date: 2020-06-01
End date: 2026-05-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 5000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disease having an incidence of 1% worldwide. Its symptoms are numerous and range from hallucinations to altered executive functions. Although the exact causes of schizophrenia are unknown, several works suggest that impaired communication between higher cortical centers may be important for the expression of the disease. Establishing a causal link between circuit function (and/or dysfunction) and particular behavioral traits relevant to schizophrenia may shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the pathology. Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may contribute to cognitive deficits relevant to schizophrenia. In a search for circuits potentially regulating the PFC, we identified an enigmatic and not well-studied network, the claustrum (CLA). This subcortical structure of unknown function is supposed to be highly reciprocally interconnected with the neocortex, especially associative cortices involved in behavioral traits relevant to schizophrenia. It is thus uniquely positioned to influence cortical communication. The CLA is also peculiar because it represents the brain structure expressing the highest levels of kappa opioid receptor, the receptor of the most potent hallucinogenic drug found in nature, salvinorin A, suggesting a potential role played by the CLA in hallucinations. This link is further supported by medical reports in which patients having transient or permanent lesions in the claustrum develop hallucinations and delusions concomitantly. Finally, many risk factors genes associated to schizophrenia are strongly and often selectively expressed in the mouse claustrum. In summary, this combination of evidences led us to hypothesize that the claustrum may represent a circuit whose malfunction is relevant to the expression of schizophrenia. Our proposal will test the role of the claustrum in the normal brain and test whether its dysfunction may contribute to schizophrenia symptoms.

Keywords: claustrum,ensemble coding,systems neuroscience,frontal cortex,mental disorder