Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Flow-stimulated ion channel signalling in renal epithelia (Renal Flow)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2020-03-01
End date: 2022-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 175572.48
EU funding (EUR): 175572.48
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The principal role of the kidneys is the critical regulation of our electrolyte balance, through an integrated system of reabsorption and secretion of fluid and electrolytes. Once blood is filtered in the glomeruli, renal electrolyte reabsorption rate has to be adjusted to the variable electrolyte load associated with fluctuations of the pro-urine flow. The variable flow of pro-urine results in changing fluid-shear stress (FSS) that activates mechanosensitive signalling pathways in the epithelial cells of the renal tubule. Hence, the kidney’s sensing ability adapts epithelial function to the dynamic tubular environment. Preliminary data from the host laboratory shows that polycystin-1 (PC1), a mechanosensitive entity in renal epithelia, is involved in the FSS-mediated signalling response by increasing the ATP release. Moreover, mice with a kidney-specific knockout of the PC1 encoding gene, Pkd1, exhibit significant electrolyte imbalances. The focus of the present project proposal is to elucidate how FSS modulates renal electrolyte handling by exploiting PC1-deficient renal cells and animal models. This will provide new insights into the flow-sensing mechanisms in the kidney. Specifically, the role of ATP-mediated signalling pathways in the regulation of ion channels and transporters in the distal part of the nephron will be investigated. To this end, the following work packages will be addressed: A) Control of electrolyte reabsorption by FSS. Assess the expression and function of FSS-regulated transporter proteins in Pkd1-/- cells. B) Translation of FSS into ATP signalling to regulate renal electrolyte handling. It is my aim to identify the downstream proteins involved in FSS-mediated ATP signalling and decipher their role in electrolyte handling in vivo. Taken together, this project focuses on the FSS-mediated signalling pathways. The goal is to elucidate the regulation exerted on ion channels and transporters linking the variable flow-rate of the pro-urine

Keywords: electrolyte reabsorption,flow,shear stress,kidney,magnesium,sodium,calcium
Measuring Hubble's Constant to 1% with Pulsating Stars (H1PStars)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2026-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1836000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1836000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

What's up with Hubble's constant (H0)? Recent H0 measurements have shown that the Universe is expanding faster than cosmology predicts, indicating a possible cosmological crisis. To wit, H0 measured to 1.9% precision in today's Universe using a cosmic distance ladder composed of classical Cepheids and type-Ia supernovae differs by 8.9% (4.2 sigma) from H0 predicted by cosmology based on observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background emitted 13.8 billion years ago. However, it remains unclear whether new physics must be invoked to reconcile cosmology with today's H0, or whether today's H0 is subject to as yet unknown or underestimated systematic errors. An unbiased 1% measurement of H0 is required to understand whether physics is on the brink of a major breakthrough. So, how solid is our distance ladder? To answer this, my research seeks to a) mitigate biases that can shift the center value of reported H0 measurements, b) quantify relevant systematic uncertainties, and c) reinforce the foundation of the distance ladder through a solid astrophysical understanding of pulsating stars, in particular, classical Cepheids. These steps must be taken now to achieve an unbiased 1% H0 measurement and to ensure the legacy of today's distance ladder for future space-borne facilities and ground-based extremely large telescopes. Imminent data releases of the ESA mission Gaia and precise time series spectroscopy will provide unprecedented opportunity to calibrate the distance ladder and unravel the structure and evolution of Cepheids through their variability. The H1PStars project will leverage my expertise in the astrophysics of classical Cepheids and the calibration of the distance ladder to support precision cosmology via accurate stellar physics, and vice versa. Thanks to this fresh perspective, my team and I will either reconcile the tension in H0 or confidently establish a need to revise cosmology.

Keywords: cepheids,pulsating stars,cosmic distance ladder,distance scale,hubble constant,spectroscopy,binary stars,star clusters,chemical abundances,gaia
Development and demonstration of an innovative FT-NIR-based system for food content analysis (FAME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Sweden
Call: Resource-efficient eco-innovative food production and processing (H2020-SMEINST-2-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2015-11-01
End date: 2018-04-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3297500.0
EU funding (EUR): 2308250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The FAME project aims to develop and demonstrate an innovative system for qualitative food content analysis in liquid food samples, based on the Fourier-Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIR) method. The new system will be the first food analyser in any technology that can be used for taking advanced laboratory-type measurements of higher precision and on a wider number of parameters directly in the production line (continuous in-line measurements). Moreover, the instrument makes it possible to do measurements in more than one production location at the same time, as well as operate simultaneously in the production line and in the lab environment. This unique combination, together with the superior precision and versatility of analysis offered by our patented FT-NIR solution will open up new possibilities for food and beverage producers to have a complete control of their production process at any time, thus ensuring the highest standards in food quality and safety as well as reducing costs and increasing their efficiency in production.

Keywords: food content analysis,production process optimisation,food quality,waste prevention
Multi-Energy High Resolution Modular Scan System for Internal and External Concealed Commodities (MESMERISE)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure societies - protecting freedom and security of Europe and its citizens
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Romania,Belarus,Norway,France,France,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Supply Chain Security topic 1: Development of an enhanced non-intrusive (stand-off) scanner (H2020-BES-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-05-01
End date: 2019-07-31
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4999792.5
EU funding (EUR): 4999792.5
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

MESMERISE will develop and test a High-resolution non-intrusive scanner up to TRL 5 able to automatically detect and identify both internal and external concealed commodities being entirely independent of human operator interpretation and training and based on two complementary technologies: ultra-low-dose Multispectral Xray transmission and Infrasonic interrogation. A novel x-ray detector, in addition to a higher imaging resolution, captures 256 channels of spectroscopic information, allowing a step change in material identification. Crucially, this level of resolution has the potential to enhance the detection of narcotics and explosives concealed in the body -a highly complex problem with currently available equipment. A second subsystem for detecting externally concealed items based on a novel, intrinsically safe, technology (infrasound near-field acoustic holography) is entirely new to security screening. Low-fq MEM Micro-technology shall also be exploited to provide an automated version of non-contact pat-down. Both sub-systems will be able to work independently, or together to provide complementary information and improve the detection of externally concealed objects. Automated algorithms for both subsystems and, through data fusion techniques, for the combined system will identify chemical substances, recognise pattern and detect anomalies with100g threshold in any part of the body, including prosthetic elements or plasters. A big manufacturer of body scanners, SMEs, Univs, R&D centres, end-users and a diverse and high quality external advisory board, with a broad international contribution and connection to US counterparts provides a straightforward exploitation route. Acceptance by society will be promoted by communication activities highlighting its non-contact nature, non divest condition and the absence of the requirement for operators to view explicit images through automated detection making MESMERISE intrinsically respectful of dignity and privacy.

Keywords: detection of concealed commodities,body search,body scan,pat down
Small Bodies: Near and Far (SBNAF)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Space
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Spain,Germany,Poland,Hungary
Call: Scientific exploitation of astrophysics, comets, and planetary data (H2020-COMPET-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-04-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1545000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1545000.0
Participants: 4
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a benchmark study that will address critical points in reconstructing physical and thermal properties of near-Earth, main-belt, and trans-Neptunian objects. The combination of the visual and thermal data from the ground and from astrophysics missions (like Herschel, Spitzer and Akari) is key to improving the scientific understanding of these objects. The development of new tools will be crucial for the interpretation of much larger data sets from WISE, Gaia, JWST, or NEOShield-2, but also for the operations and scientific exploitation of the Hayabusa-2 mission. Our approach is to combine different methods and techniques to get full information on selected bodies: lightcurve inversion, stellar occultations, thermo-physical modeling, radiometric methods, radar ranging and adaptive optics imaging. The applications to objects with ground-truth information from interplanetary missions Hayabusa, NEAR-Shoemaker, Rosetta, and DAWN allows us to advance the techniques beyond the current state-of-the-art and to assess the limitations of each method. The SBNAF project will derive size, spin and shape, thermal inertia, surface roughness, and in some cases even internal structure and composition, out to the most distant objects in the Solar System. Another important aim is to build accurate thermo-physical asteroid models to establish new primary and secondary celestial calibrators for ALMA, SOFIA, APEX, and IRAM, as well as to provide a link to the high-quality calibration standards of Herschel and Planck. The target list comprises recent interplanetary mission targets, two samples of main-belt objects, representatives of the Trojan and Centaur populations, and all known dwarf planets (and candidates) beyond Neptune. Our team combines world-leading expertise in different scientific areas in a new European partnership with a high synergy potential in the field of small body and dwarf planet characterization, related to astrophysics, Earth, and planetary science.

Keywords: asteroids,transneptunian objects,physical and thermal properties,radiometric techniques,inversion techniques,herschel,interplanetary missions
Study of the mechanical cues driving cell competition and its role in pretumoral cell expansion (MechDeath)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: France
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2017, 2017)
Start date: 2019-06-01
End date: 2021-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 185076.0
EU funding (EUR): 185076.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The local equilibrium between cell proliferation and cell disappearance in epithelia is at the origin of the healthy function of our tissues and of their remarkable plasticity as observed in organ morphogenesis and adult tissue size regulation. Cell competition is the process by which cells with small proliferating rate and survival properties are forced to die through apoptosis by the surrounding cells. For example, cell competition enables the elimination of suboptimal healthy cells to limit the appearance of errors in our organs. However, activation of some oncogenes related to cell growth and cell survival in clones can drive the elimination of wild type (WT) neighboring cells and promote the expansion of the pretumoral population. Because many pathways altering cell growth and survival can trigger cell competition, there is no unique model of how cells induce death in their WT neighbors. Using the Drosophila pupal notum, it has been recently proved that local crowding and compaction of WT cells by fast-growing and apoptosis resistant clones can induce cell delamination in vivo, and that caspase activation is necessary for those cell extrusions. A similar “mechanical competition” was also described in mammalian MDCK cells. However, the exact mechanical cues driving cell elimination and the signaling pathway involved in this mechanotransductive process are still not known. Moreover, their contribution to pretumoral cell expansion has never been addressed in vivo. In this project, the experienced researcher will use Drosophila to i) characterise the mechanical conditions triggering cell elimination at the single cell level in vivo, ii) quantify the contribution of mechanical competition in cell competition scenarios implying oncogene proteins, and iii) define extensively where and when mechanical competition can promote pretumoral cell expansion through in silico predictions and in vivo validations.

Keywords: epithelium apoptosis mechanotransduction cell competition tumor expansion
Demography of black hole binaries in the era of gravitational wave astronomy (DEMOBLACK)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Universe sciences
Panel description: Astro-physics/-chemistry/-biology; solar system; planetary systems; stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy; cosmology; space sciences; astronomical instrumentation and data
Countries involved: Germany,Italy
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2024-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1994764.0
EU funding (EUR): 188405.7
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

The first direct detection of gravitational waves demonstrated that double black hole (BH) binaries exist, and can host surprisingly massive objects (> 20 solar masses). Most theoretical models do not predict the existence of such massive BHs, and the formation channels of BH binaries are essentially unconstrained. Dynamically formed BH binaries are the most elusive ones: current models either neglect them or study them in idealized systems. With DEMOBLACK, I will draw the first satisfactory picture of BH binary demography, by modeling realistic BH dynamics in a well-motivated cosmological context. I propose a novel approach for the study of BH dynamics: I will simulate the formation of BH binaries in star clusters self-consistently, starting from the hydrodynamics of the parent molecular cloud and accounting for the impact of stellar evolution, feedback, and dynamics on BH binaries. The key tool of DEMOBLACK is SEVN, my new population-synthesis code. With SEVN, I predicted the formation of massive BHs from metal-poor stars, before the first direct detection of gravitational waves. I will interface SEVN with a hydrodynamical code and with an N-body code, to study the formation of BH binaries self-consistently. I will then model the history of BH binaries across cosmic time, accounting for the evolution of metallicity. This novel approach is decisive to break degeneracies between dynamically formed and primordial BH binaries, and to make predictions for future observations by ground-based and space-borne gravitational wave interferometers.

Keywords: stellar dynamics,star clusters,black hole binaries,population synthesis codes,n body codes,stellar mass black holes and intermediate mass black holes,gravitational wave sources
Travel Information Management for Seamless Intermodal Transport (TRANSIT)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: SESAR (Art-187)
Countries involved: Spain,Switzerland,Belgium,France
Call: ATM Role in Intermodal Transport (H2020-SESAR-2019-2, 2019)
Start date: 2020-05-01
End date: 2022-10-31
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1226490.0
EU funding (EUR): 999950.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

TRANSIT’s vision is that of a multimodal European transport system where the different modes are seamlessly integrated, so that passengers travel from door to door in an efficient, sustainable and resilient manner. Realising this vision requires coordinated planning and collaborative decision-making across transport modes, as well as multimodal information systems that allow passengers to plan and reconfigure their journeys in real time. The goal of TRANSIT is to develop a set of multimodal key performance indicators (KPIs), mobility data analysis methods and transport simulation tools allowing the evaluation of the impact of innovative intermodal transport solutions on the quality, efficiency and resilience of the door-to-door passenger journey. The specific objectives of the project are the following: 1. Propose innovative intermodal transport solutions based on information sharing and coordinated decision making between air transport and other transport modes. 2. Develop multimodal KPIs to evaluate the quality and efficiency of the door to door passenger journey. 3. Investigate new methods and algorithms for mobility data collection, fusion and analysis allowing a detailed reconstruction of the different stages of long-distance multimodal trips and the measurement of the new multimodal KPIs. 4. Develop a modelling and simulation framework for the analysis of long-distance travel behaviour that allows a comprehensive assessment of intermodal solutions in terms of the proposed multimodal KPIs. 5. Assess the expected impact of the proposed intermodal concepts and derive guidelines and recommendations for their practical development and implementation.

Keywords: information sharing,collaborative decision making,intermodality,long distance travel behaviour
Quantifying Migration Scenarios for Better Policy (QuantMig)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Europe in a changing world - inclusive, innovative and reflective societies
Theme: Inclusive societies
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Austria,Germany,Norway,Netherlands,Canada,United Kingdom
Call: Understanding migration mobility patterns: elaborating mid and long-term migration scenarios (H2020-SC6-MIGRATION-2019, 2019)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2023-07-31
Duration (months): 42.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3338729.0
EU funding (EUR): 3174860.0
Participants: 8
Project status: SIGNED

The aim of QuantMig is to produce comprehensive, multi-perspective and robust quantitative migration scenarios to support various areas of European migration policy. The project will advance the methodology of scenario generation whilst being firmly grounded in cutting-edge developments in conceptualising, explaining, estimating and forecasting migration. QuantMig will further the understanding of conceptual foundations of European migration flows and their key drivers in origin, destination and transit countries. Particular focus will be on mobility of third-country nationals and decision-making of migrants. The scenarios will be based on a bespoke set of statistical estimates derived from a distinctive and comprehensive set of harmonised data on migration and its drivers. Rigorous and innovative methods will be developed and applied to creating interactive simulation models, describing scenario uncertainty, and providing early warnings. The unique features of QuantMig include building a comprehensive knowledge base on migration and its drivers, far beyond the state of the art. The strong quantitative slant of the project will improve migration data and related analytical methods, offering an innovative assessment of their quality and uncertainty, in line with the current European policy priorities. The project remains fully relevant to the work programme, addressing all specific areas of the call. Put together by a unique consortium of leading European institutions with excellence in demography and migration, in continuous dialogue with key users and stakeholders, QuantMig will deliver a range of directly applicable tools for policy support. The dissemination and policy activities will integrate the stakeholder perspective throughout the project. The project outputs: open data and models, accessible interactive tools and visualisations, and a range of simulations for migration policy and planning, will ensure significant impact and a lasting legacy of the project.

Keywords: early warnings,migration estimates,migration uncertainty,quantitative scenarios