Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
State Formation Through the Local Production of Property and Citizenship (Local State)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Panel description: Political science, international relations, law
Countries involved: Denmark
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2014-ADG, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2021-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2469285.0
EU funding (EUR): 2469285.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The key concern of the proposed research is how political power is established and reproduced through the production of the fundamental social contracts of property and citizenship. We will re-define the research on so-called failed and weak states, by examining what political authority is actually exercised rather than measuring how they fall short of theoretical ideals. In developing countries with legal and institutional pluralism, no single institution exercises the political authority as such. Different institutions compete to define and enforce rights to property and citizenship. This is most visible at the local level, yet it has implications for theorizing the state as such. Hence, investigating the social production of property and citizenship is a way to study state formation. We study local institutions that exercise political authority and govern access to resources, and recognition of these rights. What institution guarantees what claims as rights, and, especially, how, is crucial, as it leads to the recognition of that particular institution as a political authority. We therefore study statutory as well as non-statutory institutions. We are not simply looking for property deeds and passports etc. issued by statutory government as measurements of political authority. Rather, we look for secondary forms of recognition ‘issued’ by non-statutory institutions that represent mutual acknowledgements of claims even without a narrow legal endorsement. Dynamics such as these are fundamental for a concise understanding of developing country state formation processes. Ten country studies with rural and urban field sites will be conducted. We focus on concrete controversies. We collect data at several levels and from different sources, including resident groups, land users, local civil servants, local politicians and business-owners, as well as large-scale contractors, municipal politicians and administrators.

Keywords: developing countries
High-Voltage Micro-Photovoltaic Cells and Photodetectors Based on Guided Nanowires for On-Chip Powering of Autonomous Microsystems (GuidedNW-PV)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Panel description: New materials and new synthetic approaches, structure-properties relations, solid state chemistry, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2018-PoC, 2018)
Start date: 2019-02-01
End date: 2020-07-31
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 150000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The Internet of Things (IoT) relies on billions of autonomous miniaturized sensor nodes deployed over the environment, homes, offices, and our own clothes and bodies. Powering these sensors creates a huge and urgent demand for smaller devices capable of harvesting energy from the environment and supplying the required power characteristics. Photovoltaic (PV) cells are attractive sources of renewable energy in illuminated environments, but their output voltage is limited to a few volts, whereas MEMS sensors often require higher voltages to operate. Such voltages can only be achieved by connecting several PV cells in series, or using large converters, two solutions that are prohibitive in terms of size and weight. Core-shell semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are ideal structures for efficient miniaturized PV cells, but lack of control in their assembly has prevented their integration in series. Using the guided growth approach developed in our ERC Advanced project, we have succeeded to produce highly ordered planar arrays of NWs with exquisite structural control, which enabled us to create efficient PV cells and integrate them in series to multiply their open-circuit voltage to virtually any desired value. This power supply is expected to outperform all existing miniature power sources for the IoT by orders of magnitude. The aim of this PoC is to develop a prototype of a CMOS/MEMS-compatible high-voltage micro-PV cell based on series-connected core-shell NW arrays, and demonstrate its on-chip integration with a working microsystem. This demonstration will set the path to commercialization for various applications, including but not limited to IoT. A strong added value is expected for microelectronics manufacturers, who can integrate PV cells together with MEMS sensors on the same chip, thus gaining size advantage. We will prepare a commercialization strategy and carry out IPR considerations in order to obtain strong IP position in this immensely growing market.

Keywords: nanowires,self assembly,bottom up,epitaxy,growth,vapor liquid solid,nanoscience,nanotechnology,self organization,assembly,directed,one dimensional,semiconductor,photovoltaic,energy,sensors
Innovative, easily applicable vaccine for poultry industry against five Salmonella serovars: Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Hadar, Virchow and Infantis – SAL ETHVI (SAL ETHVI)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Poland
Call: Resource-efficient eco-innovative food production and processing (H2020-SMEINST-1-2015, 2015)
Start date: 2016-01-01
End date: 2016-05-31
Duration (months): 5.0
Total project cost (EUR): 71429.0
EU funding (EUR): 50000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Salmonella species (also called serovars) are important zoonotic pathogens that cause gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals. Poultry products contaminated with these pathogens are one of the major sources of human Salmonella infections worldwide. Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium are the serovars most frequently associated with human food poisoning (78.3 % of all cases in 2003). The serovars of Salmonella having places three to five are Virchow, Infantis and Hadar. Vaccination of chickens, along with other intervention measures in the overall biosecurity system of chicken farms, is an important strategy that is currently being used to reduce the levels of Salmonella in poultry flocks, which will ultimately lead to lower rates of human infections. However, despite numerous studies that have been performed, there is still a need for safer, well-defined Salmonella vaccines. At Immunolab we invented SAL ETHVI – innovative vaccine against above listed 5 serovars of Salmonella. We also breakthrough the technology for the vaccine production in a way that allows any configuration of serotypes, therefore if there is a need for a vaccine against another serovar, its production will be very easy. The end users of the vaccine will be poultry breeders, namely hens and broilers flocks owners. The unique features of our vaccine constituting our competitive adventage comprise : (1) easy application ; (2) low price ; (3) immediate vaccination upon hatching; (4) no risk of bacteria activation and spreading. We have filled a patent application for the technology and upon the vaccine registration and certification, we aim to commercialize it at the broilers markets of the biggest European poultry meat producers: Poland, Germany, France, the Netherlands, United Kingdom and Russia. We are applying for the SME Instrument Phase 1, aiming to complete the feasibility study and a business plan including industry value-chain mapping, market sizing and critical risks assessment.

Keywords: poultry production,food safety,zoonosis agents,salmonella contamination,salmonella vaccination
CryoEM studies of the spliceosome (SPLICE3D)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Panel description: Molecular biology, biochemistry, structural biology, molecular biophysics, synthetic and chemical biology, drug design, innovative methods and modelling
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 52.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1069584.7
EU funding (EUR): 1069584.7
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The protein coding sequences of the majority of eukaryotic genes are interrupted by non-coding introns. The spliceosome is an immense and intricate molecular machine that catalyses the excision of introns from pre-mRNAs and splicing together of exons to produce mature mRNA. This is a crucial process in eukaryotic gene expression and we aims to greatly increase our understanding of its molecular mechanism through cryoEM studies of the spliceosome. The spliceosome comprises five canonical subunits, namely U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) and numerous non-snRNP factors. During the initial stages, U1 and U2 snRNPs bind the 5’-splice site and branch point of pre-mRNA, respectively, and the spliceosome is fully assembled when the U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP is recruited. The spliceosome then becomes activated through extensive structural and compositional remodeling which leads to the formation of the catalytic RNA core. Recently we determined the crystal structure of U1 snRNP and two key spliceosomal proteins: Prp8, which harbours the catalytic RNA core and Brr2, which catalyses the rearrangement of the RNA interaction network and plays a crucial role in spliceosomal activation. We also solved the structure of U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP by cryoEM and revealed the nearly complete organisation of U5 snRNA and U4/U6 snRNA and over 30 proteins within this complex, providing crucial insights into the activation mechanism and the active site of the spliceosome. Building on these achievements we aim to determine the structure of the entire spliceosome stalled at different steps of the splicing reaction so that the molecular mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing is understood in structural terms. This will enormously increase our understanding of this fundamental process of eukaryotic gene expression and such knowledge will clarify the molecular pathology of diseases caused by mutations in spliceosomal components and may facilitate therapeutic intervention.

Keywords: pre mrna splicing,cryoem,spliceosome,rna structure,rna protein complexes
Social and ecological networks supporting biodiversity and food security (SENet)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2016-01-15
End date: 2018-03-17
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 171460.8
EU funding (EUR): 171460.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Halting biodiversity decline and ensuring food security are urgent and interconnected challenges. I will study how social and ecological structures in interaction generate tradeoffs and synergies between food security and biodiversity conservation. SENet has two aims: A) to identify ecological and socioeconomic structures that benefit or harm food security and biodiversity conservation in a rural, poor study landscape, and B) to develop an integrated network model capable of predicting such effects in similar settings worldwide. Globally, SENet will be the first research to apply (graph-theoretic) network analysis to understand synergies and tradeoffs in the food security–biodiversity nexus. I will develop the integrated model using data from a landscape in Ethiopia, where agricultural expansion and human-wildlife conflicts are driving deforestation. SENet differs from existing approaches that concentrate on increasing agricultural output and overlook that social and ecological outcomes are interdependent and cannot be understood separately. In contrast, my method focuses on the food security of rural villages and on the factors that prompt farmers to clear or to plant forest, to change crops, to migrate elsewhere, etc., i.e., on farmers' decisions that affect both food security and biodiversity. In this context, I will use systematic network analysis to show how farmers are connected through food trade, knowledge exchange and other socioeconomic processes, but also how their crop fields are linked to forests and human–wildlife conflicts. The implementation of SENet will draw on my skills in network analysis and the host’s research excellence on the biodiversity of agricultural landscapes, including their ongoing fieldwork in my study area. This setup ensures a theoretical and empirical foundation for my network models, and a forum for communicating my results to non-academic actors in Ethiopia and Europe.

Keywords: food security,biodiversity,landscape ecology,network analysis,graph theory,deforestation,agroforestry,landscape connectivity,social ecological system
EEN Scotland EIMC (EEN Scotland EIMC)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: Specific Grant agreement
Countries involved: United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: EEN H2020 SGA3 (H2020-EEN-SGA3-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2019-12-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 107270.0
EU funding (EUR): 107270.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The project’s underlying objective is to encourage smart inclusive and sustainable growth in the EU by increasing effective investment in innovation linked to profitable exploitation in international markets. The project’s specific objective is to ensure that Scottish SMEs with international innovation and growth ambitions are empowered by unlocking their full growth potential through better internal innovation management capability and tailored mentoring and coaching. The aim is to support SME’s international competitiveness through the exploitation of new or enhanced products, process or service through improved innovation efficiency.

Keywords: innovation,innovation management,coaching
Contextualizing biomolecular circuit models for synthetic biology (CONSYN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Systems and communication engineering
Panel description: Electrical, electronic, communication, optical and systems engineering
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Consolidator Grant (ERC-2017-COG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-04-01
End date: 2023-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1996579.0
EU funding (EUR): 1996579.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Synthetic biology is the bottom-up engineering of new molecular functionality inside a biological cell. Although it aims at a quantitative and compositional approach, most of today’s implementations of synthetic circuits are based on inefficient trial-and-error runs. This approach to circuit design does not scale well with circuit complexity and is against the basic paradigm of synthetic biology. This unsatisfactory state of affairs is partly due to the lack of the right computational methodology that can support the quantitative characterization of circuits and their significant context dependency, i.e., their change in behavior upon interactions with the host machinery and with other circuit elements. CONSYN will contribute computational methodology to overcome the trial-and-error approach and to ultimately turn synthetic circuit design into a rational bottom-up process that heavily relies on computational analysis before any actual biomolecular implementation is considered. In order to achieve this goal, we will work on the following agenda: (i) develop biophysical and statistical models of biomolecular contexts into which the synthetic circuit or synthetic part can be embedded in silico; (ii) devise new statistical inference methods that can deliver accurate characterization of circuits and their context dependency by making use of cutting-edge single-cell experimental data; (iii) derive new context-insensitive circuit designs through in silico sensitivity analysis and application of filtering theory; (iv) optimize protocols and measurement infrastructure using model-based experimental design yielding a better circuit and context characterization; (v) experimentally build synthetic circuits in vivo and in cell-free systems in order to validate and bring to life the above theoretical investigations. We are in the unique position to also address (v) in-house due to the experimental wetlab facilities in our group.

Keywords: synthetic biology,system identification,machine learning,molecular communication,feedback control,circuit design,systems biology
A new urban green infrastructure to actively reduce air pollution in urban hotspots (MossTree)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Innovation in SMEs
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Germany
Call: SME instrument (H2020-SMEInst-2018-2020-2, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2020-09-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1815500.0
EU funding (EUR): 1270850.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Air Pollution is the world’s worst environmental health risk. Only in the EU, more than 400,000 people die prematurely and another 6.5 million people fall sick due to air pollution every year, with associated annual costs estimated at €1,200 billion. Current strategies for improving air quality have proven to be insufficient: (1) traffic restrictions face several barriers that hinder their immediate implementation; (2) natural vegetation is unable to improve air quality and it even shows negative effects in urban canyons, and (3) other solutions such as purifying towers are very expensive to build, have high operating costs, and generate waste. Our business opportunity relies on the urgent need of providing solutions to fight air pollution in a short-term, efficient- and costly manner, and easy to uptake by city authorities. The MossTree is an urban green infrastructure based on a patented combination of IoT & biotechnology. Moss cultures are able to attract air pollution from its surroundings and convert it into biomass without leaving any residue. The sensors incorporated in our solution monitor in real-time (1) the moss status, thus supplying automatically the required nutrients and water, and (2) the air quality enabling us to quantify the impact of our solution. Thanks to our own-developed IoT, we can maximise the filtering capacity of moss and guarantee its survival in urban environment. The MossTree Phase II project consists of the installation and certification of the impact of first MossTree Network in Berlin, with several units working in group symbiosis to showcase the efficiency of our solution in improving air quality in the real environment and specifically, in highly frequented open spaces. By 2024 we expect to have 600 MossTree Networks in Europe thus increasing the quality of life and health of 2 million European citizens. That year we expect to reach revenues of up to €250 million and have offices in several EU cities as well as Hong Kong, New York and Dubai employing more than 200 people.

Keywords: air pollution,smart city infrastructure,moss cultures urban green infrastructure active ventilation urban design,population engagement
Universality of random planar maps and trees (UniversalMap)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Consolidator grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: Israel
Call: ERC CONSOLIDATOR GRANTS (ERC-2020-COG, 2020)
Start date: 2022-01-01
End date: 2026-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1826250.0
EU funding (EUR): 1826250.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The PI proposes to study a variety of open problems involving random planar maps and trees. This is a booming field at the intersection of probability, geometry, statistical physics, combinatorics and complex analysis. It has grown tremendously in the last two decades, in depth and breadth, and has seen breakthroughs on long-standing classical problems. The PI's first goal is to study the universality of embedded random planar maps and prove their convergence to what is known as Liouville quantum gravity, a class of random surfaces predicted by physicists to be the universal limit to such discrete random surfaces. Various map embedding mechanisms will be studied such as harmonic embedding, square-tiling, circle packing and others. The second goal is to solve problems concerning stochastic processes (such as random walks, percolation and the Ising model) on embedded random planar maps. This will shed light on the behavior of the same stochastic processes on regular lattices (such as the square or triangular grids) due to the non-rigorous Knizhnik-Polyakov-Zamolodchikov correspondence, a conjectural formula from the physics literature relating the behavior of critical statistical physics models on random lattices to their behavior on regular lattices. We will gain progress on these inspiring yet non-rigorous predictions by developing various probabilistic, geometric and complex analytic tools aimed to show that instabilities in the embeddings cancel out due to the randomness of the planar maps. This project has the potential to lead to the solution of the most central problems in two-dimensional statistical physics, such as estimating the typical displacement of the self-avoiding walk, proving conformal invariance for critical percolation on the square lattice and many others.

Keywords: random planar maps,uniform spanning trees and forests,random walk,discrete complex analysis