Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
From Epigenetics of Cranial Neural Crest Plasticity to Intervertebral Disc Regeneration (EpiCrest2Reg)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Synergy grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC Synergy Grant (ERC-2018-SyG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-03-01
End date: 2025-02-28
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 5330000.0
EU funding (EUR): 5330000.0
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

During craniofacial development, Cranial Neural Crest Cells (CNCCs) maintain broad plasticity and patterning competence until they make appropriate cartilage and bone structures in response to local cues. We found that CNCC embryonic plasticity involves a specific epigenetic chromatin signature that maintains genes, including Hox genes, in a transcriptionally silent but poised state, so that they can be readily switched to an active state in response to position-specific environmental signals. Are there CNCC-derived subpopulations in the adult face cartilage with similar broad plasticity properties that could be used as progenitor source in regenerative medicine? We have shown that Hox-negative adult human CNCC-derived Nasal Chondrocytes (NCs) have cartilage regenerative capacity and plasticity to adapt to heterotopic sites larger than other cell sources, and demonstrated their potential clinical use for articular cartilage repair. However, lack of understanding of the involved molecular mechanisms limits the broader utilization of adult NCs for the regeneration of other cartilage types, e.g. the intervertebral disc (IVD). This proposal will establish fundamental understanding of the biological processes responsible for the plasticity of adult human NCs and offer a paradigm example of scientific and clinical synergies bridging developmental (epi)genetics and regenerative medicine. We will: • Establish whether Hox-negative adult NCs and embryonic CNCCs share similar transcriptomes, epigenomes and 3D chromatin architectures using single cell RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and capture HiC-seq assays. • Assess whether NCs can epigenetically and transcriptionally adapt to the Hox-positive IVD environment, using co-culture and bioreactor-based organ culture models, and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. • Verify the capacity of adult NCs to repair degenerated IVD cartilage. • Use human autologous NCs for repair of IVD degeneration in a phase I clinical trial.

Keywords: cranial neural crest cells,epigenetic and transcriptional regulation,craniofacial development,nasal chondroprogenitor cells,mouse,cartilage regeneration in humans,hox genes
Turning noise into data: a discovery strategy for new weakly-interacting physics (DISCOVERHEP)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Panel description: Particle, nuclear, plasma, atomic, molecular, gas, and optical physics
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2020-STG, 2020)
Start date: 2021-04-01
End date: 2026-03-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1499975.0
EU funding (EUR): 1499975.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The ATLAS and CMS Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have done an excellent job in searching for new high-energy physics, pushing out to energy scales which have never before been studied. In contrast, low-energy physics has only been studied in specific contexts at the LHC, and remains largely uncovered in the search for new physics. Despite the main focus being on the high-energy regime, it is entirely possible that new physics is instead hiding in the low-energy regime, and it was not observed in previous collider physics experiments due to being rarely produced. In the context of the DISCOVERHEP project, I will lead a group in the search for new physics in the largely-uncovered low-energy regime. The project will exploit the very-high LHC beam intensity to turn "noise", in the form of traditionally unwanted and ignored additional simultaneous proton-proton collisions, into a currently-untapped wealth of useful low-energy physics data. This novel approach thereby opens up the possibility of conducting high-sensitivity searches for low-energy physics at the LHC. This massive low-energy physics dataset will be used to enable the project goals, in the form of searches for new low-energy weakly-interacting physics conducted using the ATLAS Detector. Three different search strategies, sensitive to different types of new physics, are considered: two types of direct searches for new light particles such as potential mediators between the Standard Model and Dark Matter, and one generic search for new low-energy physics using anomaly detection techniques. These searches will dramatically extend the sensitivity of ATLAS to new low-energy physics, thus expanding the ATLAS physics program and potentially leading the way towards new discoveries.

Keywords: new physics beyond the standard model,atlas,physics in pileup,per vertex reconstruction,hadronic physics,resonance search,generic search for new physics,machine learning,anomaly detection
PlantHUB - Boosting technology transfer and responsible research and innovation (RRI) in plant sciences (PlantHUB)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Innovative Training Networks (ITN)-European Industrial Doctorates
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Environment and Geosciences
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Germany,Switzerland,Switzerland,Switzerland,Sweden,Czechia,Netherlands,Denmark
Call: Innovative Training Networks (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2016-12-01
End date: 2020-11-30
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2597093.27
EU funding (EUR): 2597093.27
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

In PlantHUB will capture the academic, industrial and regulatory expertise from 5 world-class universities, 1 governmental organization, 7 enterprises including 4 SMEs to train 10 ESRs in skills and competencies necessary to apply responsible research and innovation (RRI) in the area of plant breeding and production. We wish to address the demand of RRI leadership in plant science related research and diffusion of innovation. The individual research projects are demand-driven, responding to the needs of companies - particular SMEs - to increase R&I capacities. The outcomes are new molecular tools for plant breeding, new forage, cereal and oil crop varieties, non-invasive imaging and phenotyping technologies, intelligent lighting systems for plant growth, new software and services for complex genomic analyses, and plant product quality. PlantHUB industrial doctoral programme is ground-breaking in a number of respects: (i) doctoral training is placed into an entrepreneurial environment of leading public and private organisations (ii) it combines practical hands-on R&D and technology transfer in plant breeding and production with RRI training and practise. On completion of the training, graduates will have deep interdisciplinary knowledge of plant breeding, crop improvement, high-throughput technologies, isotope and big data analysis. In combination with a portfolio of transferable skills they will be able to take a lead in stakeholder & public engagement, innovation management, technology transfer and entrepreneurship. Our programme will become a flagship example at the forefront of intersectoral research, underpinned with a carefully created training curriculum to foster awareness, know-how, expertise and competence in RRI.

Keywords: plant breeding,plant production,responsible research innovation
In Defence of Experimental Medicine: Emotional Appeals and Medical Didacticism in Germany, Britain and North America, 1870-1914 (IDEM)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Germany,Canada
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016, 2016)
Start date: 2017-08-01
End date: 2020-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 243352.8
EU funding (EUR): 243352.8
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

IDEM analyses the didactic strategies of the medical establishment in Germany, the UK and North America in educating the public about the benefits of experimental medicine. The period of focus is from 1870 to 1914: the key expansion phase for experimental medicine in physiology, toxicology, surgery and immunology. Educational strategies were important for ensuring the on-going freedom of medical research in the face of opposition from the lay public on ethical, moral and aesthetic grounds. Potential legal checks on medical practice motivated doctors to change anti-scientific opinion through informal educational strategies, involving the dissemination of knowledge, the disparagement of opponents of experimentation, and influence over popular emotional reactions to medical science. IDEM probes the internal politics of the medical establishments of each area and the ways in which they learnt from each other through networks of exchange and experience. IDEM’s objectives are: 1. To explore the pedagogical techniques and strategies of the medical establishment in their efforts to “sell” experimental medicine to the lay public, in England, Germany and North America, c. 1870-1914. 2. To reveal the ways in which these techniques and strategies involved transnational networks and exchanges among these countries that worked to represent an orthodoxy of medical endeavour. 3. To interpret how far medical didacticism in this period depended upon affective appeals, either instead of or embedded into the dissemination of medical knowledge, and the extent to which such appeals were gendered. 4. To analyse the extent to which the defence of medical experimentation transformed both medical institutions and medical personalities into a) political agents and b) public bodies. 5. To assess the extent to which affective didacticism sought to change the emotional responses of both the public and of medical practitioners to the sights, practices and results of experimental medicine.

Keywords: social history of medicine and medical humanities,history of emotions,transnational history
Validation of PreCursor-M for enhanced Cervical (Pre)Cancer detection (VALID-SCREEN)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Treating and managing disease
Action type: SME instrument
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: Clinical research for the validation of biomarkers and/or diagnostic medical devices (H2020-SMEINST-2-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-07-01
End date: 2019-03-31
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3264375.0
EU funding (EUR): 3264375.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

With an estimated 528,000 new cases and 266,000 deaths in 2012, cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common type of cancer in women, and the seventh overall. CC is preventable with regular screening tests and follow-up, and curable if found and treated early. In many countries, screening programmes for cervical cancer are in place, which have resulted in a marked decrease in cervical cancer incidence. hrHPV DNA testing will replace cytology as primary screening test for CC, but its drawback as stand-alone CC screening test is its low specificity, causing overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Triage of hrHPV+ women is essential to maintain a sustainable screening programme. PreCursor-M (Self-screen B.V.) is a proprietary molecular assay to determine disease progression and severity based on the methylation level of 3 host-biomarkers. Supplementing hrHPV DNA screening with PreCursor-M will provide information on the presence of infection, and the response by the host cells. This will allow identification of all women at risk for cervical cancer without overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The methylation level of three molecular markers (CADM1, MAL and miR124-2) was shown to increase proportional to cervical cancer progression and severity. In Precursor-M, these markers have been combined in a multiplex methylation marker panel. The markers have been separately validated in clinical settings, and the combined marker panel has been validated in laboratory and small-scale clinical settings. VALID-SCREEN will complete the final step towards commercial success for PreCursor-M: clinical validation of PreCursor-M in well-characterised cohorts, from five clinical centres, in four EU countries, as a triage test to hrHPV screening for cervical cancer.

Keywords: diagnotic assay,cervical cancer,methylation marker,multiplex assay,clinical validation
Frequency Recognition Algorithm for Multiple Exposures (FRAME)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Proof of concept grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Germany,Sweden
Call: ERC Proof of Concept Grant (ERC-2015-PoC, 2015)
Start date: 2016-06-01
End date: 2017-05-31
Duration (months): 12.0
Total project cost (EUR): 150000.0
EU funding (EUR): 32358.75
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proof of concept (PoC) project seeks to explore the possibility of commercializing an optical imaging instrument with the unique ability of permitting a single detector to acquire and store several images simultaneously. This new concept, which is named Frequency Recognition Algorithm for Multiple Exposures (FRAME), employs an "image-coding" strategy, where different exposures are given a unique structural “code”. Thanks to this novel coding approach, the camera sensor may be exposed to light several times before readout is necessary – a completely new feature within the field of optical imaging. The ability for a single detector to acquire a number of images simultaneously opens up for a variety of new measurement schemes such as: 1) Ultra-high-speed videography 2) Instantaneous three-dimensional imaging 3) Simultaneous multispectral imaging. The main goal of the ERC Starting Grant funded project “Spray-Imaging” is to develop and apply new optical imaging approaches for the detailed characterization of atomizing spray systems. The need for both ultra-high-speed and three-dimensional (3D) imaging are then of importance especially for the study highly transient two-phase flow phenomena. This PoC will focus both on the development of both a prototype instrument and a control software. Our business idea is to produce an optical instrument – an “add-on” device – that will permit the user to incorporate the FRAME imaging concept. This approach will allow users to seamlessly upgrade any given optical arrangement (e.g. for any given illumination source and detector) with the FRAME functionality.

Keywords: ultra high speed videography,instantaneous 3d imaging,simultaneous multispectral imaging
Spoils of War: The Economic Consequences of the Great War in Central Europe (SpoilsofWAR)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Italy
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2018-STG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2024-12-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1498798.0
EU funding (EUR): 1498798.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

2018 will be a momentous year in Central Europe. It will mark the centenary of the end of World War I and the collapse of the Habsburg Empire. Political disintegration has long been blamed for the economic troubles of the successor states, but these consequences have not been subjected to sufficient examination, nor were they distinguished from the economic consequences of the Great War. My ambition is to fill this knowledge gap. I will measure systematically how the war changed (i) industrial structure, (ii) business performance, and (iii) living standards in the regions of the Habsburg Empire. I will explain, using both quantitative and qualitative methods, the mechanisms that drove these changes. I will compare real wages, the spatial distribution of industry, and the performance of industrial corporations between the prewar and postwar periods. I will directly account for the impact of the war on industrial development, independent from the outcomes of postwar disintegration, using abundant, yet understudied, primary data on war spending in the Habsburg Empire. I will detect how the reallocation of resources during the war affected changes in economic conditions (i-iii) and their regional variation. In addition, my project will prepare case studies on key industries to demonstrate how they perceived these changes and what strategies they developed to address them. SpoilsofWAR will set a new standard in the economic history of the world wars. It will generate vast volumes of new statistical evidence at the regional and micro level. Methodologically, it will break through traditional boundaries between economic and business history and integrate the analytical tools of both disciplines. It will shift focus in the recent economic history of the wars from the Second to the First World War and will improve our understanding of the economic consequences of the war using newly developed methods from both historical economic geography and comparative business history.

Keywords: real wages,regional economies,regional development,historical economic geography,comparative business history,industrial development,war economy,economics of war
Women’s labour activism in Eastern Europe and transnationally, from the age of empires to the late 20th century (ZARAH)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The study of the human past
Panel description: Archaeology, history and memory
Countries involved: Austria,Hungary
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2018-ADG, 2018)
Start date: 2020-02-01
End date: 2025-01-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2499947.0
EU funding (EUR): 2348153.85
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

ZARAH explores the history of women’s labour activism and organizing to improve labour conditions and life circumstances of lower and working class women and their communities—moving these women from the margins of labour, gender, and European history to the centre of historical study. ZARAH’s research rationale is rooted in the interest in the interaction of gender, class, and other dimensions of difference (e.g. ethnicity and religion) as forces that shaped women’s activism. It addresses the gender bias in labour history, the class bias in gender history, and the regional bias in European history. ZARAH conceives of women’s labour activism as emerging from the confluence of local, nation-wide, border-crossing and international initiatives, interactions and networking. It studies this activism in the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires, the post-imperial nation states, and during the Cold War and the years thereafter. Employing a long-term and trans-regional perspective, ZARAH highlights how a history of numerous social upheavals, and changing borders and political systems shaped the agency of the women studied, and examines their contribution to the struggle for socio-economic inclusion and the making of gender-, labour-, and social policies. ZARAH comprises, in addition to the PI, an international group of nine post-doctoral and doctoral researchers at CEU, distinguished by their excellent command of the history and languages of the region. Research rationale, research questions, and methodological framework were developed through an intensive exploratory research phase (2016–2017). ZARAH is a pioneering project that consists of a web of component and collaborative studies, which include all relevant groups of activists and activisms, span the whole region, and cover the period between the 1880s and the 1990s. It will generate key research resources that are available to all students and scholars, and will set the stage for research for a long time to come.

Keywords: history of women s labour movements,women s and trade union internationalism,women s activism for social inclusion,transnational gender and labour history of eastern europe and adjacent territories
Diamond Element BeaRings with Air-cooling (DEBRA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Smart, green and integrated transport
Theme: Public-private partnerships
Destination: Clean Sky 2
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Partnership: CS2 (Art-187)
Countries involved: Netherlands,United Kingdom
Call: Novel Bearings (H2020-CS2-CFP07-2017-02, 2017)
Start date: 2018-11-01
End date: 2022-03-31
Duration (months): 41.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2481807.5
EU funding (EUR): 2481807.5
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal is aimed at developing novel, super hard, non-lubricated air cooled bearings that would give a step change in minimizing the engine oil system and its complexity. An SFC gain of 0.1 to 0.3% is anticipated as a result of this project. The project aims to achieve this by developing air cooled bearings using synthetic diamond. The novelty is in the surface finish of diamond rolling elements and mating raceways which can be improved substantially relative to today’s metallic bearing materials such that heat generation and frictional wear is minimized. Diamond offers superior thermal properties enabling thermal gradients and running clearances to be optimized. This proposal aims to reduce oil system cost, weight and complexity by exploiting the properties of synthetic diamond material in the design and manufacture of novel bearings. The basic premise is that the surface finish of diamond rolling elements and mating raceways can be improved substantially relative to today’s metallic bearing materials such that heat generation and frictional wear is minimized. Diamond’s superior thermal properties enable thermal gradients and running clearances to be optimized using air rather than oil as the cooling medium. The partners have assembled a consortium that has bearings expertise, capability in the manufacture, forming and metrology of synthetic diamond materials, and a proven track record in the design and evaluation of gas turbine air cooling schemes, with test facilities that will allow for friction and integrity proving from technology readiness level (TRL) 2 to 4. The consortium believe that all aspects of demonstration and industrialization can be successfully delivered with the work packages that have been assembled to TRL 4, with a final design complete for TRL 5 endurance tests.

Keywords: bearings,diamond,cooling,lubrication,aerospace,rolling element