Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Statistics of Fractionally Charged Quasi-Particles (FQHE)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2013-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2000000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2000000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect created a revolution in solid state research by introducing a new state of matter resulting from strong electron interactions. The new state is characterized by excitations (quasi-particles) that carry fractional charge, which are expected to obey fractional statistics. While odd denominator fractional states are expected to have an abelian statistics, the newly discovered 5/2 even denominator fractional state is expected to have a non-abelian statistics. Moreover, a large number of emerging proposals predict that the latter state can be employed for topological quantum computing ( Station Q was founded by Microsoft Corp. in order to pursue this goal). This proposal aims at studying the abelian and non-abelian fractional charges, and in particular to observe their peculiar statistics. While charges are preferably determined by measuring quantum shot noise, their statistics must be determined via interference experiments, where one particle goes around another. The experiments are very demanding since the even denominator fractions turn to be very fragile and thus can be observed only in the purest possible two dimensional electron gas and at the lowest temperatures. While until very recently such high quality samples were available only by a single grower (in the USA), we have the capability now to grow extremely pure samples with profound even denominator states. As will be detailed in the proposal, we have all the necessary tools to study charge and statistics of these fascinating excitations, due to our experience in crystal growth, shot noise and interferometry measurements.

Keywords: quantum hall effect,fractional charges,statistics,abeian,non-abelian
Support study for the identification of potential needs and possibilities for an integrated European infrastructure network of animal facilities in ruminant physiology and breeding (ERIN)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to policy development and Programme implementation
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: France,Finland,Germany,Ireland,Poland,Spain
Call:  (FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2010-04-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 510724.37
EU funding (EUR): 460000.0
Participants: 6
Project status: CLOSED

Ruminants and other large domestic herbivores are often used in agricultural research both as target species for increasing knowledge on production systems and their impact on the environment. They are also used as models for physiological studies, and for biomedical research. ERIN is a support action aiming at identifying potential European networks of animal facilities for research on large animals that will support future research needs in this area. Its objectives are i) to identify future needs for experimental research on large animals, ii) to locate and characterise European experimental facilities and identify those that are candidates for forming an integrated infrastructure, and iii) to combine future needs and potential research facilities in order to produce potential scenarios of organisation. ERIN will use a combination of bibliometrical studies and collaborative networks for the identification of potential candidates (research groups and experimental facilities) for a quantitative survey of the main research institutes and universities in Europe, and complete this with qualitative analyses based on in-depth interviews of key research managers and visits to selected experimental facilities. Crossing the results of future needs expressed by research groups and of experimental potential will help to establish scenarios of the future organisation of research facilities in Europe. Results and scenarios will be presented at a final conference where the major research agencies and funding bodies will be invited to express their positions and react on these scenarios. Final recommendations will be made regarding possible integrated organisations of research facilities dedicated to research on large domestic animals with a view to stimulating synergies, facilitating researcher mobility and achieving a critical mass in Europe able to compete with future large foreign research consortia.

Keywords: ruminant,physiology,vision,research needs,experimental facilities,network,survey,conference
Self-Organized Nanostructuring in Functional Thin Film Materials (FUNMAT)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Materials and Synthesis
Countries involved: Sweden
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2292000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2292000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I aim to achieve a fundamental understanding of the atomistic kinetic pathways responsible for nanostructure formation and to explore the concept of self-organization by thermodynamic segregation in functional ceramics. Model systems are advanced ceramic thin films, which will be studied under two defining cases: 1) deposition of supersaturated solid solutions or nanocomposites by magnetron sputtering (epitaxy) and arc evaporation. 2) post-deposition annealing (ageing) of as-synthesized material. Thin film ceramics are terra incognita for compositions in the miscibility gap. The field is exciting since both surface and in-depth decomposition can take place in the alloys. The methodology is based on combined growth experiments, characterization, and ab initio calculations to identify and describe systems with a large miscibility gap. A hot topic is to elucidate the bonding nature of the cubic-SiNx interfacial phase, discovered by us in TiN/Si3N4 with impact for superhard nanocomposites. I have also pioneered studies of self-organization by spinodal decomposition in TiAlN alloy films (age hardening). Here, the details of metastable c-AlN nm domain formation are unknown and the systems HfAlN and ZrAlN are predicted to be even more promising. Other model systems are III-nitrides (band gap engineering), semiconductor/insulator oxides (interface conductivity) and carbides (tribology). The proposed research is exploratory and has the potential of explaining outstanding phenomena (Gibbs-Thomson effect, strain, and spinodal decomposition) as well as discovering new phases, for which my group has a track-record, backed-up by state-of-the-art in situ techniques. One can envision a new class of super-hard all-crystalline ceramic nanocomposites with relevance for a large number of research areas where elevated temperature is of concern, significant in impact for areas as diverse as microelectronics and cutting tools as well as mechanical and optical components.

Keywords: nanocomposite,self-organization,nanostructure,spinodal decomposition,functional ceramics,ab initio calculation,electron microscopy,pvd,epitaxy,nitride,carbide,oxide,diffusion,sputtering
Numerical Design of Self Assembly of Complex Colloidal Structures (COLSTRUCTION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Condensed matter physics
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-11-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1863234.0
EU funding (EUR): 1863234.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

I propose to use computer simulations to predict the thermodynamic stability and kinetics of formation of three-dimensional structures of DNA-linked colloids. I then aim to go beyond simple binary structures and use simulation to explore novel strategies to build multi-component three-dimensional colloidal structures. At present, the complexity of self-assembled colloidal crystals is limited: ordered structures with more than two distinct components are rare. To make more complex structures, particles should bind selectively to their designated neighbours. This may be achieved by coating colloids with single-stranded DNA that hybridises selectively with the complementary sequence on another colloid. However, there are many practical obstacles to go from there to the self assembly of multi-component structures. In order to make progress, we need to understand the factors that determine the thermodynamic stability and, even more importantly, the kinetics of formation of complex structures. Such a numerical study will require a wide range of numerical techniques, many of which do not yet exist. As I have played a key role in the development of the numerical methods to study both the stability and the kinetics of formation of simple colloidal crystals, I am well positioned to make a breakthrough that should have important implications for experimental work in this field. My research will focus on DNA-linked colloidal systems, as this is an active area of experimental research. However, I stress that many of the techniques that I aim to develop are general. During the project, I aim to study the factors that influence the equilibrium phase diagram and the kinetics of passive and active self-assembly of (multi-component) DNA-colloid systems During the project, I aim to study the factors that influence the equilibrium phase diagram and the kinetics of passive and active self-assembly of (multi-component) DNA-colloid systems

Keywords: dna-coated colloids,monte carlo simulations,rare events,free energy
Versailles Conference on Research Infrastructures (ECRI2008)

Framework: FP7 — Capacities
Programme: Research Infrastructures
Destination: Support to policy development and Programme implementation
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: France,France
Call:  (FP7-Adhoc-2007-13, 2007)
Start date: 2008-02-01
End date: 2009-03-31
Duration (months): 14.0
Total project cost (EUR): 593800.0
EU funding (EUR): 170000.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

The fifth European Conference on Research Infrastructure (ECRI2008) will take place in Versailles on December 9-10, 2008, under the French European Council Presidency. In line with the previous successful events in Strasbourg (2000), Trieste (2003), Nottingham (2005) and Hamburg (2007), the overall objectives of the conference will be: 1) to explore means of structuring and strengthening the European Research Area 2) to increase the efficiency of creating new facilities, 3) to intensify the exchange of views between decision-makers at international level. In general, after the intensive and important discussion of RI in various scientific fields at the Fourth European Conference on Research Infrastructures in Hamburg, the Versailles Conference will be focussed on the impacts of Research Infrastructures : - on the ERA itself - on the economical challenges in conjunction with the Lisbon objectives. - on the society concerns such as environment or expertise, - on the human resources and education, Contacts with ESFRI and the Czech and Slovenian Presidencies will be established during the preparation phase to ensure their participation in the preparation and performance of the conference. On the Thursday 11th of December, a visiting program to Research Infrastructures of interest in South Ile-de-France (Saclay-Orsay-Palaiseau) will be offered to the conference delegates.

Keywords: fifth european conference on research infrastructures
Failure and Fluid Flow in Porous Quasibrittle Materials (FAILFLOW)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: France
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1490200.0
EU funding (EUR): 1490200.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This project focuses on fluid flow in porous materials with evolving microstructure in the context of civil engineering applications and geomechanics. When the distribution of cracks and the distribution of pore size evolve in concrete and rocks, the influence on the permeability in the case of a single or a multiphase fluid flow needs some in depth investigation. A recent review of state of the art in modelling progressive mechanical breakdown and associated fluid flow in heterogeneous rock shows that little is known on the coupled effects between micro cracking and the intrinsic permeability of a solid phase. The present project intends to tackle this relationship between mechanical breakdown and associated fluid flow in the context of poromechanics extended to non local modelling. In particular, we will investigate how the internal length which plays a pivotal role at the inception and propagation of material failure may interact with the permeability, what enhanced Darcy-like relationship might be derived in order to apprehend such effects and how to model fluid flow in tight porous materials. The models will be extended to complex and multicomponent systems reproducing as closely as possible the behaviour of real fluids in order to understand and to describe the thermodynamical behaviour due to confinement such as modification of phase transitions and capillary condensation. The principal investigator of this project is a specialist in the field of continuum damage mechanics, failure due to strain and damage localisation. He has been the founder and among the major promoters of non local damage modelling, which is today a state of the art model in computational structural failure analyses. After a decade of research on durability problems for which he was elected at Institut Universitaire de France, his research interests recently turned toward petroleum engineering, the focus of the research team he joined two years ago at université de Pau.

Keywords: failure mechanics,porous materials,rocks,concrete,fluid flow
MASC: Materials that Impose Architecture within Stem Cell Populations (MASC)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: ERC Advanced Grant Interdisciplinary Panel
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2010-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2290856.8
EU funding (EUR): 2290856.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims to harness breakthroughs in polymer science, nanotechnology and materials processing to create new classes of materials that mimic the architecture of the human body. The materials will be exploited to tackle grand challenges in stem cell science and in the development of new biomaterials that promote regeneration. The human body uses materials to impose architecture on populations of cells within developing or regenerating tissues. Architectural components of these tissues include three-dimensional spatial and temporal patterns of growth factors, spatial arrangements of multiple cell types and modulation of local elasticity. Orchestration of these architectural features is essential in the precise control of stem cell differentiation and tissue morphogenesis in vivo. This ERC Grant will create new classes of biomaterials that bridge the gap between the exquisite control of architecture in the developing human body and the crude structure imposed on cell populations in vitro during cell culture and biomaterials-assisted tissue repair. The research programme is organised into 2 major strands: TOOLS and DEMONSTRATORS. Within TOOLS, new materials and techniques will be invented that represent a step-change in our ability to impose architecture on stem cell populations in vitro. Within DEMONSTRATORS, 3 grand challenges in healthcare and stem cell science will be addressed through demonstrations that synthetic materials can be designed to match the architecture of our developing bodies. This interdisciplinary project will be undertaken by a team of interdisciplinary scientists within the Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM). To undertake this research project help from collaborators across Europe is required. Existing and new collaborations will ensure that the most advanced materials science and stem cell biology is exploited to create world leading tools that radically change regenerative medicine.

Keywords: architecture,developmental biology,tissue engineering
Large European Array for Pulsars (LEAP)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Universe sciences
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Germany,France,Netherlands,Italy
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 69.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2455285.0
EU funding (EUR): 2455285.0
Participants: 5
Project status: CLOSED

In general relativity and other relativistic theories of gravity, space and time are combined to form ``space-time'' which is curved in the presence of mass. As masses move, for instance like the two components in a binary system, ripples in space-time are created that propagate through the Universe, very much like waves caused by a stone falling into a pond. These ``gravitational waves'' (GWs) are known to exist from the effect that they have on a system of two orbiting stars. After inferring their existence indirectly, the next great challenge is the {\em direct} detection of GWs. While this is the aim of a number of gravitational wave detectors around the world, a detection has not been made. Fortunately, a method exists that allows us today to detect GWs directly, in a frequency range that is much lower but complementary to those covered by ground-based detectors. This method utilises the radio astronomical observations of a special type of star known as radio pulsars. We propose an experiment to achieve the ground-breaking goal of GW detection with the help of an innovative approach. At the heart of this approach, named LEAP, lies the goal to combine the collective power of Europe's biggest radio-telescopes to form the biggest fully-steerable telescope on Earth, providing a ``leap'' in our sensitivity to go beyond the threshold that delivers the first direct detection of GWs. While the rewards for a successful detection of GWs are immense, we demonstrate that this is possible by harvesting the experience and resources uniquely available in Europe.

Keywords: pulsars,neutron stars
Enhancing microfabricated devices with chemical imaging for novel chemical technology (MICROCHEMICALIMAGING)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Products and process engineering
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2009-01-01
End date: 2014-10-31
Duration (months): 70.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1430607.0
EU funding (EUR): 1430607.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The development of microchemical systems is one of the most exciting recently developed research topics with numerous potential industrial applications. One of the greatest challenges to encourage these systems to be adopted by industry is successful high level integration with sensors for understanding, optimisation and control of microsystems for various processes. The proposed research will develop such systems and their integration via linking them with chemical imaging. The benefits of chemical engineering at smaller lengthscales are manifold; the design of microchemical processes is important where, by nature, it is essential to have microdevices, e.g. in cell biology manipulation and transformations. Other processes can be designed macroscopically, but a move to microprocesses gives process advantages, such as enhanced heat and mass transfer, novel flow regimes, bringing material and process time and lengthscales into the same region to allow material property and process interactions, which would be impossible in macro-reactors. In order to achieve this, it is essential to have the capability of rapid 3D chemical imaging on a nano/microscale, as only by devising these new techniques to image microchemical systems, it will be possible to optimise them for novel engineering. The proposal is aimed at providing chemical imaging capability to miniaturised devices for the engineering of new materials and processes. It is proposed (i) to use chemical imaging and micro-deposition methods for the generation of materials with responsive gradient structures; (ii) to engineer nanostructured materials aided by high-resolution chemical imaging; (iii) to combine microfluidics with chemical imaging as a prototype of miniaturised chemical factories. The overall aim is to utilise the advantages of spectroscopic chemical imaging to develop novel miniaturised devices and materials that will serve as suitable platforms for future industrial users with wide applicability.

Keywords: spectroscopic imaging
Cryogenic Traps for Entanglement Research with Ions (CRYTERION)

Framework: FP7 — Ideas
Programme: European Research Council
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: Support for frontier research (ERC)
Panel: Fundamental constituents of matter
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (ERC-2008-AdG, 2008)
Start date: 2008-12-01
End date: 2013-11-30
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2200000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2200000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Quantum computers offer a fundamentally new way of information processing. Within the scope of this proposal, quantum information processing with an ion trap quantum computer will be investigated. With the new combination of cryogenic technology and ion traps for quantum computing we intend to build a quantum information processor with strings of up to 50 ions and with two-dimensional ion arrays for an investigation of deterministic many-particle entanglement. The cryogenic traps will be applied for quantum simulations, for fundamental investigations concerning large-scale entanglement and for precision measurements enhanced by quantum metrology techniques employing entangled particles.

Keywords: quantum information,quantum computing,ion traps