Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
The Common Notion. Science and Consensus in the Seventeenth Century (NOTCOM)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Texts and Concepts
Panel description: Literary studies , literature,  philosophy
Countries involved: France
Call: ERC ADVANCED GRANTS (ERC-2021-ADG, 2021)
Start date: 2023-01-01
End date: 2027-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2274814.0
EU funding (EUR): 2274814.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

NOTCOM is a philosophical study of common notions, collective inquiry, and dissemination strategies in seventeenth-century natural science, with special focus on the role of so-called “common notions.” Using a ground-breaking transversal methodology, it studies: (1) epistemological models of consensus as they emerged from early modern controversies in logic, rhetoric, moral philosophy, theology and law, and how they were re-deployed within natural philosophy; (2) methods of collective inquiry in early modern natural philosophy; (3) the role of consensus models and methods of collective inquiry in the public dissemination of early modern natural philosophy; (4) the actuality of early modern consensus models and methods of collective inquiry in relation to current philosophy of science and science communication studies. Early modern collective scientific practices have, over the last half century, provided a rich field of study for the sociology and history of philosophy of science. Little attention has, however, been paid to the role that epistemological models of consensus played for the methods governing those practices. Yet the period produced a wealth of such models, often in the context of doctrines of common notions, which informed natural philosophical methods of collective inquiry in myriad ways. These methods were moreover inextricably wound up with complex strategies for the broader public dissemination of science. Some of these, models, methods, and dissemination strategies still have purchase today. More importantly, however, writing their history offers a narrative about philosophy, science, and society with a didactic potential that merits exploration. Combining these four dimensions—consensus models, collective methods, dissemination strategies, and actuality—NOTCOM thus explores the historical background to the current notion of “scientific consensus” and the contemporary uses of writing this history.

Keywords: common notion,scientific consensus,universal consent,early modern philosophy,history of philosophy of science,natural philosophy,scientific societies,scientific controversy,science communication
Developing and Applying a Taxonomy of Communication Behaviours and Contextual Factors in Robotic Surgery (ROSE)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Ireland
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2022 (HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01, 2022)
Start date: 2023-07-03
End date: 2025-10-02
Duration (months): 27.0
Total project cost (EUR): 199694.4
EU funding (EUR): 199694.4
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

Robotic surgery is being rapidly and widely incorporated into surgical practice, with the current focus of training on equipment, mechanics, and technical skills. The operating theatre setup for robotic surgery is inherently different from the traditional arrangement, with the operating surgeon at a console that is remote from the rest of the surgical team and patient. The team faces significant challenges due to this physical separation and the visual barrier imposed by the robotic operating equipment. As a result, leadership and team communication are dynamically altered. Nonverbal communication and cues need to be replaced by explicit and descriptive communication. The overarching aim of my project is to examine what comprises effective communication by robotic surgical teams. I will observe verbal communication of surgical teams being trained in robotic surgical skills in a simulated operating theatre in the world-class RCSI SIM. I will also interview them about their experiences of effective and ineffective communication in performing robotic surgeries. I will develop a taxonomy of communication behaviours and contextual factors that facilitate or inhibit effective communication, their descriptions, and examples. Using the taxonomy, I will observe live robotic surgeries in RCSI hospitals and code the frequency, time, and sequence of communication behaviours and contextual factors using an innovative method called event coding. The taxonomy from my research will serve as training materials for simulation training focusing on communication for robotic surgical teams, and will contribute to the continuous improvement of modern surgery and the quality and safety of patient care. With the support of Dr Claire Condron and Prof Walter Eppich, this fellowship will help me pursue a successful career as an academic scientist or director of a simulation centre that makes meaningful impacts on the performance and well-being of healthcare professionals and patients.

Keywords: communication,surgical teams,robotic surgery,simulation training,health education
Designed by Nature? Religious Images Produced by Minerals, Plants and Animals in Western Science and Devotion (14th-17th Century) (NatuRel)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Postdoctoral Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Social Sciences and Humanities
Countries involved: Belgium,Switzerland,United States
Call: MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships 2023 (HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01, 2023)
Start date: 2025-09-01
End date: 2028-08-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 298749.12
EU funding (EUR): 298749.12
Participants: 3
Project status: SIGNED

My project spotlights a category of religious images that has hitherto escaped scholarly investigation: sacred representations that were believed to be a product of nature. Objects of this kind—such as marble slabs whose veining suggested a silhouette of the Virgin, or plants whose shape recalled that of a crucifix—garnered considerable attention in late medieval and early modern Christian culture. Regarded both as divine prodigies to be revered and as natural wonders to be investigated, they were described and reproduced in travel accounts, religious writings, and natural history treatises. Combining sources and methods from art history, religious studies, and the history of science, my research will chart the world-wide geography of these objects, investigate their materiality, and explore their embedding in late medieval and early modern Christian culture. In doing so, it will deepen our understanding of the perception of natural environments and materials in Western culture, and of the evolution of historical ideas concerning the agencies of nature, God and man in the shaping of the physical world. Two internationally recognized research teams, specializing in the geography and materiality of sacred art (University of Fribourg, Switzerland), and in the relationship of visuality and nature (KU Leuven, Belgium), will host the project during the outgoing and the return phase of a 3-year Global Fellowship. An additional secondment to UC Davis, California, will enable me to develop a crucial stage of my research in collaboration with historians of science. The outputs of the project—including webinars, an online exhibition, the first monograph on this subject, and a series of lessons taught at KU Leuven—will counter the divide between STEM fields and humanities by involving side by side scientists and historians; will strengthen the engagement of art history in ecocriticism; and will promote education on the connection between art and the environment.

Keywords: miraculous images devotional images christian iconography nature empiricism natural history pilgrimage travel literature history of science
Restoring Ecosystems to Stop the Threat Of Re - Emerging Infectious Disease (RESTOREID)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Food, Bioeconomy Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment
Theme: Bio-Environment
Destination: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Belgium,Congo, The Democratic Republic of the,United Kingdom,France,Hungary,Finland,Germany,Portugal,Sweden,Tanzania, United Republic of,Norway
Call: Interlinkages between biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystems and the emergence of zoonotic diseases (HORIZON-CL6-2023-BIODIV-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-01-01
End date: 2027-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3913203.75
EU funding (EUR): 3913203.25
Participants: 17
Project status: SIGNED

Restoring Ecosystems to Stop the Threat Of (Re-)Emerging Infectious Diseases: There is a growing body of evidence that landscape degradation is linked to zoonotic spillover risk. Large scale restoration is increasingly being touted as an effective solution for mitigating against a range of anthropogenic impacts and is also hypothesised to protect against zoonotic disease spillover. However, little is known about the mechanisms with which restoration may provide this protection. It is commonly assumed that restoration mirrors in reverse the processes that occur during degradation; however, it is likely that this relationship is in fact asymmetric. Rarely can restored landscapes be returned to a state similar to that of pristine ecosystems, and often restored landscapes need to fulfil a range of environmental and socioeconomic requirements that inherently prevent them from doing so. Additionally, the spatiotemporal scale necessary to effect positive change is context dependent, and the type of restoration necessary to protect against zoonotic spillover is currently unknown. Ecosystem restoration can vary widely in type, scale and context and can also change how humans interact with their environment, which may have unexpected consequences for zoonotic disease spillover. Given the complexity of these interactions and their effect on disease, it is vital that we understand how restoration specifically might impact wildlife disease and emergent spillover risk.
Rural Structural Transformation in Developing Countries (RUSTDEC)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Panel description: Economics, finance , management
Countries involved: Spain
Call: ERC STARTING GRANTS (ERC-2022-STG, 2022)
Start date: 2024-01-01
End date: 2028-12-31
Duration (months): 60.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 1500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

A key feature of economic development is structural transformation characterized by spatial and sectoral labor reallocation out of agriculture. Despite clear evidence of rural-urban migration flows in developing countries, recent contributions show persistently lower productivity in agriculture compared to other sectors and large disparity in agricultural productivity across space. This points to the key question of this proposal: “why do so many workers remain in agriculture”? There is a pressing need for reliable answers to this question as rural areas host large shares of the population, facing high agricultural risk and poverty incidence. Any effective poverty eradication policy, such as those envisioned by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, must therefore necessarily focus on rural development. RUSTDEC will obtain novel answers to this key question by combining innovative micro panel data from Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia with an array of geospatial data on rural areas, exogenous variation in agricultural productivity, and quantitative theoretical models. The project employs remote-sensing and computer vision methods for generating community data as well as quasi-experimental and structural estimation techniques for rigorous causal estimation to pursue three major objectives: (i) provide first evidence on the role of dynamic adjustments in agricultural production for explaining the agricultural productivity gap and the magnitude of factor (mis-)allocation; (ii) dissect the microeconomic anatomy of spatial and sectoral labor reallocation and skill selectivity within and across rural communities; and (iii) identify the historic and future impact of climate change on agricultural production, adaptation, and rural development and its implications for the productivity gap. These objectives address three well-defined gaps in the literature, each going beyond the specific state-of-the-art and with the potential of generating ground-breaking impact.

Keywords: developing countries structural transformation rural communities agricultural productivity farm investment factor allocation labor reallocation skill selectivity migration climate change agricultural adaptation rural development
Integrated assessment of urban farming impacts and policies for boosting sustainable urban agricultural development linking urban, peri-urban and rural areas (FOODCITYBOOST)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Food, Bioeconomy Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment
Theme: Bio-Environment
Destination: Resilient, inclusive, healthy and green rural, coastal and urban communities
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Netherlands,Bulgaria,Latvia,Spain,Germany,Belgium,France,Poland,Greece
Call: Assessing urban farming impacts (HORIZON-CL6-2023-COMMUNITIES-01, 2023)
Start date: 2024-01-01
End date: 2027-12-31
Duration (months): 48.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4985750.0
EU funding (EUR): 4985727.5
Participants: 20
Project status: SIGNED

Europe’s rural and urban areas are facing increasing negative impacts from climate change, biodiversity loss, unsustainable resource use, and an increasing disconnect between citizens from urban and rural areas. These megatrends threaten the sustainability of urban development and associated food systems. Throughout Europe’s cities, different types of urban farming, such as gardens, rooftop or vertical farming, have emerged which could provide impactful responses to these megatrends. Policy-makers and practitioners urgently need knowledge on the benefits, impacts and risks of urban farming, to help them shape policy and legal frameworks that can foster benefits and mitigate risks of urban farming. FOODCITYBOOST will develop a knowledge-based decision-support tool, consisting of (i) evidence-based indicators of environmental, social and economic performance and impacts of urban farming at farm, regional and EU scale and providing (ii) guidance on policy instruments that foster the development of urban farming. The future potential of urban farming will be assessed in foresight analysis and scenario analysis, as well as development and prototyping of novel forms of urban farming. FOODCITYBOOST will closely collaborate with >100 stakeholders from 6 case studies, using an approach based on the idea of living labs. This allows us to learn from regions throughout Europe where urban farming thrives and is supported by regional policies. FOODCITYBOOST brings together expertise on social science and humanities, land systems, urban farming, and life cycle assessment, to expand the knowledge base on urban farming from an integrated perspective. We connect to the EFUA and NEW BAUHAUS initiatives to best take stock of recent insights, which allows us to stimulate the development of a varied landscape of urban farming that optimally fulfils the needs of communities and minimises negative impacts and risks.

Keywords: urban agriculture impact assessment risk assessment policy analysis scenario analysis
High-Performance Photonic Integration for Scalable, Energy-efficient Optical Communication (HIPICS)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Innovative Europe
Programme: The European Innovation Council (EIC)
Theme: EIC Accelerator
Destination: Other destinations
Action type: EIC actions
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call: EIC Accelerator 2025 - Short application (HORIZON-EIC-2025-ACCELERATOR-01, 2025)
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2500000.0
EU funding (EUR): 2500000.0
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

The rapid growth in data transmission and network demands in telecom necessitates the deployment of coherent optics to enhance capacity and performance. However, current photonic integration schemes struggle with significant challenges, including high power consumption, complex fabrication processes, and limited scalability. These limitations prevent the industry from achieving the necessary reductions in power consumption and cost for optical chips, impeding the widespread adoption of coherent optics. At PhotonIP, we focus on developing advanced optical chips that address critical challenges in the field. We seamlessly integrate different III-V materials, such as InGaAs and InP, on a single Silicon-On-Insulator circuit, optimizing each photonic component for its specific function. This results in lower drive voltages for modulators and higher sensitivity and speed for photodetectors. Our patented, simplified and cost-effective fabrication process involves fewer than 10 sequential mask steps, significantly reducing production costs and minimizing errors. This accelerates process optimization and reduces time-to-market. Our technology achieves a 10x improvement in efficiency, reducing power consumption to less than 2.5 Watts for 100G coherent applications and a 15x reduction in optical and electrical noise, enhancing signal clarity and reliability. We integrate all necessary photonic functions onto a single chip, reducing packaging and module assembly costs while enhancing overall performance and circuit density. Additionally, our approach allows for the use of the best material for each photonic function and supports multiple wavelength bands, making our chips versatile for various applications. Our future development plans focus on product validation, scaling production, and expanding into new markets. PhotonIP's advancements will help strengthen the EU's technological sovereignty, and contribute to environmental sustainability and economic growth.

Keywords: telecommunications,photonic integrated circuits,silicon photonics,coherent optics,optical chips,photonic integration
Hybrid Virtualized Testing for Certification of EGNSS in Railway Train Positioning (VICE4RAIL)

Framework: Horizon Europe — Global Challenges and European Industrial Competitiveness
Programme: Digital, Industry and Space
Theme: EU Space
Destination: EU Space
Action type: Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Spain,Czechia,France
Call: EGNSS - Closing the gaps in mature, regulated and long lead markets (HORIZON-EUSPA-2023-SPACE, 2023)
Start date: 2024-10-01
End date: 2027-09-30
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2695986.25
EU funding (EUR): 2267387.88
Participants: 10
Project status: SIGNED

VICE4RAIL aims to accelerate the adoption of EGNSS for deploying efficient, resilient, and competitive ERTMS solutions. Focus is on the development of a certification and standardization process for the use of EGNSS, closing the gaps for rail safety critical applications and converging towards a pan-European EGNSS-based solution for ERTMS and its global roll-out. The starting point is the use of EGNOS V2 and the Balise virtualisation – as indicated by the European Parliament directive on July 2021 – opening the way for further applications based on the absolute train positioning and EGNOS V3. Two major developments will be undertaken: identification of suitable certification procedures compliant with the CENELEC norms and realization of a Hybrid Virtualized Testing Certification Environment based on the zero-on-site testing paradigm with the construction of a dedicated testing facility on a RFI’s railway lines where GNSS-based multisensor positioning solutions can be evaluated and certified in operational scenarios. This unique testing environment will be connected with the ERTMS accredited laboratory of CEDEX to assess the end-to-end performance of the ERTMS chain with GNSS-based positioning devices in operational scenarios. Behaviour of the system under GNSS signals that include faults very rare and difficult to experience field but with a potential high impact on safety, can be evaluated avoiding extensive and not exhaustive field tests. VICE4RAIL will exploit the synergies with the Pilot Line Novara – Rho funded by RFI to integrate GNSS positioning into the ERTMS and the Shift2Rail GATE4Rail project that introduced the zero-on-field virtual testing for GNSS. Furthermore, thanks to SNCF, CEDEX, RFI and SOGEI a liaison will be established with the Europe’s Rail R2DATO project to complement their on-going activities and sharing results and assets and with the RTCM SC 134 Special Committee that is completing the standardization process for GNSS receivers for rail.

Keywords: certification and standardization for the use of egnss ertms solutions egnos v3