Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Nation-States and Economic Europeanisation: The transformative effects of the 1970s crisis (1973-1984) (CRISISEUROPE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-09-01
End date: 2014-08-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The 1970s crisis deeply modified the way in which Western European nation-states exercised their economic powers. This project argues that a fierce debate occurred between different economic models (mercantilist, market-oriented, social-democrat) and different institutional settings (national, European or global). It was resolved in favour of a progressive Europeanisation of ideas and policies through the European Economic Community (EEC) institutions, associated with growing market-oriented economic features. So as to examine this process, two economic policies with different aims and tools, competition policy and industrial policy, will be considered through three relevant case-studies: the steel crisis, the liberalisation of telecommunications, and the debate around the regulation of multinationals. The three most important western European nation-states, France, Germany and Great Britain, will be considered. The study will begin in 1973 – with the oil crisis and the integration of Great Britain into the EEC – and end in 1984, at the end a dramatic period of crisis both for the European economy and for the European integration process. It is argued that the acceleration of the processes of European integration, of globalisation and of economic liberalisation of the post-1984 years – on which there is a thorough body of literature – cannot be understood without studying the previous decade. The project will offer a decisive contribution to a literature on European integration whose main focus is the post-1984 years, or which examines the 1973-1984 years only from the political or the monetary viewpoints, whereas both of these dimensions failed to explain the decisive shift in the Western Europe, from the Keynesian welfare states to a first step towards the EEC regulatory state.

Keywords: contemporary history,history of european integration,economic history,eu studies,eec,competition policy,industrial policy,economic crisis,europeanisation,great-britain,france,germany
Judicial Training in European Enlargement Towards a Common Judicial Culture? (EURJTC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Hungary
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 142390.8
EU funding (EUR): 142390.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This proposal aims at exploring the judicial training reforms adopted in South-East Europe (SEE) in the framework of the pre-accession conditionality and at shedding light on the relationship between judicial training and judicial culture. The purpose is to explore whether such reforms influence national judicial cultures in the sense of the ability of judges to participate in the “European constitutional discourse”. The analysis, which covers almost all candidate and potential candidate countries and adopts a socio-legal approach involving the use of theoretical and empirical instruments, is increasingly momentous given the strategic importance of SEE and the lack of adequate attention on this field of study. The research has theoretical importance, as it deals with the issue of the role of the iurisdictio in supranational political forms and enucleates the problems arising from the judicial homogenization in the framework of European integration, characterized by a melting pot of legal and constitutional traditions. It has also practical importance, as it explores judicial training reform paths and their consequences on judicial culture, as a mean to improve judicial cooperation policies. The fulfillment of this proposal will strengthen EU excellence in an emerging field of research by generating synergies among qualified scientists, academic and non-academic institutions within the European Research Area. This will also foster research cooperation between SEE and EU. Opportunity to join established research teams and mobility towards a renowned host institution will also improve both the applicant’s research skills in the European and the judicial studies fields giving him more awareness in legal analysis, and his complementary skills such as language and dissemination skills. This will enhance his professional maturity and career prospects in the context of academic research, but also within institutions involved in judicial training and cooperation.

Keywords: comparative law,european law,judicial law,constitutional law - policy studies,eu policies,eu enlargement - socialization,knowledge transmission - western balkans,turkey
Active Control of Impact Response of Smart Sandwich Structures (IMPACTSMART SANDWICH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Greece
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-10-01
End date: 2014-09-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 167847.6
EU funding (EUR): 167847.6
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Among other structural configurations, sandwich structures consisting of composite faces and foam or honeycomb core exploit their constituent material properties to the maximum by exhibiting highest flexural stiffness to mass ratios. On the other hand, their brittle behavior by high loading rates, as in the case of impact loading, leads to initiation and propagation of damage in the form of cracks and delaminations. The incorporation of multifunctional materials in the sandwich structure could improve its impact response by enabling active control of impact force and structural parameters, as well as, by efficiently using impact energy. The objective of the proposal is to combine the aforementioned considerations regarding sandwich composite configurations and multifunctional constituent materials to yield smart sandwich structures capable of adapting to impact loads. The proposed research focuses on the following topics: a) Prediction of the global dynamic response of sandwich composite structures with piezoceramic/piezopolymer actuators and sensors and/or electrostrictive layers subjected to impact loading. b) Prediction of the local response at the interfaces between composite faces – multifunctional layers – foam/honeycomb core, where cracks and delaminations initiate. c) Estimation of impact location and resulting stress field by means of a piezoelectric sensor network and comparison with an impact scenario database d) Active control of the structural response to achieve minimization of impact force, strain redistribution, modification of friction and mitigation of impact-triggered vibrations. e) Exploitation of impact energy to be harvested in the piezoelectric sensors or a battery and dissipated in electric resistances shunted to the piezoelectric sensors. f) Passive structural health monitoring by wireless transfer of information about the response.

Keywords: lightweight structures,control networks,robotics,design engineering,simulation engineering,aircraft materials,vibration engineering,active safety of vehicles,railway transport technology
The Causal Effect of Work on Health (CEWH)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-03-19
End date: 2015-05-26
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 183805.8
EU funding (EUR): 183805.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The nature of work has changed remarkably in the last decades. This implies new risks and challenges for people at work. Although many studies have investigated the correlation between work and health, the causal effect of work on health is not yet well established. This project aims to identify the causal effect of work on health by exploiting information from several natural experiments in a regression discontinuity design. Furthermore, the project does not only focus on the decision to work or not; other work dimensions that may affect health, such as the number of working hours and the quality of the job, are also considered. This project goes beyond existing studies in three aspects. First, the empirical strategy is based on several different policy changes, which generate exogenous variation in employment rates, the number of hours worked, and job quality. Using these natural experiments I can identify an unbiased estimate for the causal effect of work on health. Second, the project uses administrative data containing precise and reliable information on individuals’ labor market position and timing of transitions over time, as well as objective information about health (e.g. doctor and hospital visits, type of illness, treatment). Third, the data contain a universe of workers. This avoids problems with selective sampling and non-random nonresponse. Also, there are sufficiently large numbers of observations to get precise estimates. The results from this project will be important inputs in the current debate on whether or not working is harmful for health. Having credible estimates of the effect of work on health is essential not only because working is an important activity for many people, but also in the light of the political debate on changing the retirement age.

Keywords: labor economics,health outcomes,regression discontinuity
Improving the selectivity of kinase inhibitors: Characterizing binding mechanisms of inhibitors targeting inactive states and allosteric sites (KIBINDING)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom,Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-03-01
End date: 2015-02-28
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 168896.4
EU funding (EUR): 168896.4
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

Kinase proteins are key to signaling in eukaryotic cells, so it is not surprising that their dysfunction has been implicated in human diseases such as cancer and inflammatory disorders. As a result, kinases have become important targets for drug discovery. The majority of kinase inhibitors bind to the ATP-binding site, which is highly conserved among the different kinases. In order to increase inhibitor selectivity toward a desired target kinase, the focus has turned to developing inhibitors which bind to inactive conformations or allosteric sites. The techniques frequently used to study inhibitor binding such as X-ray crystallography and docking are limited because they only sample a single structure. In reality, a protein is characterized by an ensemble of structures. Free energy calculations can sample many different conformations and provide a clear picture of the mechanisms of inhibitor binding. Since straightforward molecular dynamics simulations suffer from a time scale problem we use a novel computational technique, metadynamics, to enhance sampling. Using metadynamics calculations we propose to investigate the binding mechanisms of inhibitors which target the inactive conformation and allosteric sites. We focus on two proteins which are targets for cancer therapy: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Abl.

Keywords: computational biology,molecular dynamics simulations,binding mechanisms,kinase inhibitors
Development of a multidisciplinary platform for the screening of new preventive and therapeutic strategies against oral mucositis (MUCOSITIS PLATFORM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Belgium
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-02-01
End date: 2016-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 278913.0
EU funding (EUR): 278913.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Both from the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods and worldwide, there is a general call for the reduction, refinement or replacement of the use of laboratory animals. However, while in vivo animal models of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis have been successfully established, alternative methods such as in vitro tools for mucositis are still missing. Oral mucositis is a severe side effect of both chemo- and radiotherapy and is the cause of inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth. Symptoms of mucositis vary from pain and discomfort to an inability to tolerate food or fluids. Apart from being treatment limiting, also the quality-of-life of patients and the economic costs of supportive therapies are of significant concern. Given that hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide are affected by mucositis annually, a significant need for effective therapy exists. However, there is no actual treatment. Therefore, new tools are urgently required to allow a rapid and high-throughput screening of new-generation anti-mucositis drugs and strategies. The objectives of this project can be summarized as follows: 1. Generation and critical evaluation of an innovative high-throughput in vitro model of oral mucositis; 2. In vivo validation of the in vitro model using established animal models of chemo/radiotherapy-induced mucositis; 3. Exploration of the in vitro and in vivo tools to identify new biomarkers and risk factors of mucositis in order to anticipate animal and human chemo/radiotoxicity and to enhance anti-mucositis drug screening. The set up of the platform requires an international and a multidisciplinary approach, involving prominent experts in the mucositis, cancer biology and medical microbiology field and a strong interaction with the clinical oncology society. In return, the platform generates an opportunity to achieve a substantial reduction of animal experiments in mucositis risk assessments.

Keywords: health sciences,cancer biology,oral mucositis,in vitro model,in vivo model,microflora,medicinal microbiology,radiotherapy,chemotherapy
Precise Parameter Estimation of Gravitational Waves Sources of Low and Medium Frequencies. (LOWMEDGWEST)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-01-01
End date: 2014-12-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 200371.8
EU funding (EUR): 200371.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The operation, construction and new projects of a number of new and next-generation gravitational wave detectors are currently underway. They will constitute a network of ground- and space-based detectors in a near future, aiming at detecting Gravitational Waves (GWs) generated by different astrophysical and cosmological sources. In particular ground-based detectors will be sensitive to sources of high and medium GW frequencies, whereas the space-based ones will be more sensitive to that of medium and low frequencies. Binary systems composed of a Stellar Compact Object (SCO) orbiting a Massive Black Hole (MBH) are one of the main sources emitting at low GW frequencies. Due to the differences between the masses of their components, these systems are named Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs). During the last year of emission, the SCO tracks the geometry deep in the strong-field region of the MBH, mapping the MBH spacetime in the GWs. Then, by looking at their waveforms, we can determine, with high accuracy, the physical parameters characterising the system. However, the different studies carried out in the past have not yet attempted to perform a systematic parameter estimation analysis for EMRIs. The research work that we propose will set the basis for a robust systematic parameter estimation study, including realistic physical situations that will account for modifications due to different astrophysical scenarios. Moreover, since the theory ruling MBHs may not be General Relativity, we will also consider other gravitational theories, filling an existing gap in the literature. Finally, we also expect that this work will be also relevant to study GW sources of middle frequency, like Intermediate Mass-Ratio Inspirals, which are EMRI like systems but with an intermediate massive BH instead of the SCO.

Keywords: astronomy,relativity,gravitational-wave astrophysics,computational physics
Litter decomposition in forest ecosystems: assessing the functional role of climate, litter quality and soil organisms (DECOMFORECO)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2013-03-15
End date: 2015-03-14
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 201932.4
EU funding (EUR): 201932.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

At global scales, the carbon returned to the atmosphere through litter decomposition is a key component of the total annual carbon flux. Therefore, the study of factors controlling decomposition (climate, litter quality and soil organisms) has important implications for present and future global carbon budgets. This proposal aims to explore the relationship between biodiversity and decomposition along climatic gradients in forest ecosystems. Contrary to most previous investigations, it focuses on the effects of functional diversity at three trophic levels (producers, decomposers and detritivores), rather than on taxonomic diversity, in order to bridge aboveground and belowground diversity with decomposition. The proposed research consists of three general objectives to be evaluated at different spatial scales: i) to dissect the interactive effects of plant litter and decomposer diversity on decomposition across major European forest biomes, ii) to assess the relative roles played by climate, litter quality and soil organisms on decomposition in a Euro-Mediterranean region, and iii) to assess the interactions between litter quality and both soil fauna and microorganisms functional diversity upon short-term decomposition. The complementary nature of the different approaches (i) continental database, ii) litter transplant in the field, and iii) growth chamber experiments), and the use of state-of-the-art analytical tools (e.g. molecular techniques, functional diversity indexes and modelling) assure the interdisciplinarity of this proposal. The applicant will be trained on the use of molecular techniques and on the determination of several groups of soil fauna. Additionally to technical formation, the applicant will acquire planning and coordination network skills, very useful to work with international and multidisciplinary teams. All together assure the life-long training and career development of the applicant as a highly promising and independent European researcher

Keywords: environmental science,biogeochemistry,climate change,forest ecosystems,soil ecology,plant functional ecology,soil microbiology,plant-soil interactions,decomposition,ecosystem functioning
Highly Functional Polypeptides (HIPEP)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Netherlands
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF, 2011)
Start date: 2012-05-01
End date: 2014-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191675.4
EU funding (EUR): 191675.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Peptides are nature’s expression language and as such perform vital roles in living organisms. They are highly functional and produced naturally with a precision that is unprecedented in synthetic materials such as polymers. Synthetic polypeptides present a promising alternative as they combine the accessibility of synthetic polymers with functionality and biocompatibility of natural peptides. They are thus ideally suited as a new (commercial) renewable and sustainable polymer materials platform if some practical hurdles can be overcome. In this project, new routes for the synthesis of polypeptides will be explored that are inexpensive, scalable and reproducible and allow the tuning of polypeptide properties by copolymerisation. While the approach to be taken is generic, our efforts will focus on the synthesis of Glatiramer. Glatiramer is a commercial product that is currently synthesised by ring opening polymerisation in an uncontrolled fashion, yielding a random copolymer of four amino acids. By improving our understanding of the reaction kinetics, we are aiming to gain a better control over the polymerisation and prepare well-defined Glatiramer-like polypeptides. Subsequently a combinatorial library will be prepared and the various Glatiramer-like polypeptides will be screened for biologically activity towards multiple sclerosis. This is a highly interdisciplinary project at the interface of polymer chemistry, combinatorial chemistry and life science. The applicant’s diverse experience makes him an ideal match for this work. The project also brings together academics from world class institutions with complementary expertise that provides a unique environment for the applicant to develop his skills and accelerate his academic career.

Keywords: polymer chemistry,combinatorial chemistry,pharmaceutical chemistry