Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Metaphysical Explanation in Physics (FraMEPhys)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Starting grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Panel description: Cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, theoretical philosophy
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call: ERC Starting Grant (ERC-2017-STG, 2017)
Start date: 2018-01-01
End date: 2023-06-30
Duration (months): 66.0
Total project cost (EUR): 1481183.75
EU funding (EUR): 1481183.75
Participants: 1
Project status: SIGNED

There is a growing consensus that causal explanation is not the whole story about explanation in science. Metaphysics has seen intense recent attention to the notion of grounding; in philosophy of physics, the focus has been on mathematical and structural explanation. But the grounding debate has been criticized for insularity and disconnection from scientific practice, while work on explanation in physics tends to overlook the sophisticated logical systems and conceptual distinctions developed in metaphysics. This situation hinders understanding of novel explanatory scenarios n philosophy of physics, where familiar models of causal explanation seem to break down. FraMEPhys addresses these challenges by combining new conceptual innovations and insights from both metaphysics and philosophy of physics to transform our understanding of the nature of explanation. FraMEPhys will engage systematically with the best work on explanation within metaphysics and philosophy of science to develop a new general framework for understanding metaphysical explanation in physics, based around the structural-equations approach to causation. The guiding idea is that the conceptual and methodological tools of structural-equations modelling can be extended beyond their familiar application to causal explanation. This promising strategy, based on ground-breaking recent work by the PI, will be applied in FraMEPhys to model the explanatory structures involved in three case studies from philosophy of physics: geometrical explanations of inertial and gravitational motion, explanation in the presence of closed time-like curves, and the explanatory connection between entangled quantum systems. FraMEPhys will develop new concepts for understanding the varieties of explanation, will provide a uniquely systematic treatment of some key cases in philosophy of physics, and will push forward fruitful interactions at the intersection of metaphysics, philosophy of science and philosophy of physics.

Keywords: explanation,grounding,causation,modality,metaphysics,philosophy of physics,quantum,mechanics,relativity,entanglement
Resource AuctiOning Engine for the Mobile Digital MArket (ROMA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Theme: EIC Pathfinder
Destination: Novel ideas for radically new technologies
Action type: Coordination and support actions
Countries involved: Italy
Call: FET Innovation Launchpad (H2020-FETOPEN-4-2016-2017, 2016)
Start date: 2017-06-01
End date: 2018-11-30
Duration (months): 18.0
Total project cost (EUR): 99675.0
EU funding (EUR): 99675.0
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ROMA project builds on the theories of strategic interactions developed in the FET CONGAS project and performs the engineering of a new technology for billing and pricing of mobile network infrastructures under competitive sharing of storage, computation power and services. The project will apply such concepts to a specific pilot. The pilot is a mobile edge computing (MEC) platform engineered on cloud technology; such platform is currently under development at CN and will be scaled and customized to achieve the objectives of the ROMA project. ROMA will thus realize modules for the application of advanced network economic concepts to the MEC domain: the modules will permit to a Mobile Network Operator (MNO) to lease the infrastructure to customers for carrier grade premium services. ROMA will provide the implementation of the algorithms for pricing and billing and it will also perform in parallel he assessment for the MEC market penetration. In turn, such kind of technology has great potential to trigger new offers in the digital economy, nurturing a rich ecosystem serving the upcoming mobile digital market. The project will thus address a technology potentially appealing for several future intermediate actors who can become customers of mobile operators, including mobile data brokers, mobile application developers, advertisers, etc. In order to ensure maximum visibility, the project will deliver also pitches and presentations to industrial venues and fairs in order to promote the technology and will validate the IPR strategy most effective in order to approach the emerging MEC market with maximum impact.

Keywords: mobile edge computing,pricing and billing,network economics,mobile digital marketplace
Next Evolution in Materials and Models for Ocean energy (NEMMO)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Secure, clean and efficient energy
Theme: Low-cost, low-carbon energy supply
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Ireland,Israel,Spain,Spain,Spain,Spain,Spain,Belgium,Sweden,France,Denmark
Call: Developing solutions to reduce the cost and increase performance of renewable technologies (H2020-LC-SC3-2018-RES-TwoStages, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2023-09-30
Duration (months): 54.0
Total project cost (EUR): 4981007.5
EU funding (EUR): 4981007.5
Participants: 14
Project status: SIGNED

NEMMO will design, model and test downscaled prototypes of larger, lighter and more durable composite blades for >2MW floating tidal turbines to reduce LCoE of tidal energy to €0.15/kWh, meeting 2025 SET-Plan targets and making it competitive to competing fossil fuel sources. Novel blade designs with enhanced hydrodynamic performance due to the implementation of the different solutions, active flow control, materials and surfaces will be tested. Also, new nano-enhanced composites with properties that increase fatigue-, impact-, cavitation- and bio-fouling resistance of novel blade designs to prevent failures will be made. The project will then model, design and test the lifespan and resistance of the new composites for tidal turbine blades. This will involve: • accurate modelling of harsh hydrodynamic and environmental stresses for the development of testing and validation procedures • a new test rig for the evaluation of fatigue and cavitation on test probes and downscaled prototypes • a testing procedure including bio-fouling and marine environments evaluation in four different real scenarios • development of numerical models for the prediction of lifespan and mechanical properties as function of the materials properties, hydrodynamic loads, time and water composition • Novel tidal generator blades designs integrating active control flow, advanced surfaces and new nano-enhanced composites. The collective result of these innovations is 70% reduction in LCoE for tidal energy due to; (i) 50% CapEx reduction (lower material consumption and 25% lower cost of new composites), (ii) 2% lower FCR (increased understanding of failure and fatigue mechanisms and more durable composites with 66% higher lifespan), (iii) 40% reduction in O&M (reduced cavitation wear, bio-fouling and aging) and, (iv) 20% increase in AEP (enhanced hydrodynamic performance and higher inlet flow speeds for tidal turbine).

Keywords: tidal,composites,ocean energy,nano composites
A Knowledge-based business model for small series fashion products by integrating customized innovative services in big data environment (Fashion Big Data Business Model) (FBD_BModel)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Industrial Leadership
Programme: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, and Biotechnology
Theme: New sustainable business models
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Italy,Germany,Italy,Italy,Italy,Sweden,Belgium,Switzerland,Belgium,France,United Kingdom,United Kingdom
Call: Business models and industrial strategies supporting novel supply chains for innovative product-services (H2020-NMBP-2017-two-stage, 2017)
Start date: 2017-12-01
End date: 2021-02-28
Duration (months): 39.0
Total project cost (EUR): 3763474.0
EU funding (EUR): 3747374.0
Participants: 16
Project status: CLOSED

FBD_BModel aims at creating a digital technology platform for delivering small series innovative functional garment products through a European Union-based local textile supply chain, meeting consumers’ personalized requirements in terms of fashion and functional performances. This new supply chain will permit to get through the information channel from fabric materials to consumers via various processes, in order to dynamically organize design and production in the big data environment. This technology platform will integrate two interconnected knowledge-based sub-systems (an Interactive Design System (IDS) and a Supply Chain and Production Management System (SCPMS)). The platform will provide a range of data-based services (product and design recommendation, supplier selection, dynamic tasks planning, production simulation, …) dedicated to consumers and concerned professionals (producers, designers, retailers, …) of the supply chain. An extended virtual space will be created for visually displaying and evaluating fashion and functional performances (thermal comfort, skin touch comfort and skin pressure comfort in relation to body movements) of designed products in order to integrate consumers’ lifestyle into the product design process. This platform will enable the direct connection of the professional networks of producers, designers and retailers and optimize all activities of the supply chain. Based on this platform, a novel B2B2C business model will be built by establishing the economic viability and overall exploitation strategy, developing a detailed business plan, along with a full exploitation strategy and associated risk analysis, and performing a series of extensive pilot operations and market replication actions. This business model will be helpful for creating customized textile production in Europe, promoting material innovations of European SMEs with connected professional networks, and preserving and updating professional knowledge in Europe.

Keywords: interactive design platform,productiuon and supply chain management platform,data based services,knowledge based business model
Laboratory Evolution of Virus-likE pRotein cAGes for Eukaryotic mRNA delivery (LEVERAGE mRNA)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Standard European Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Chemistry
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call: Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2018, 2018)
Start date: 2019-05-01
End date: 2021-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 191149.44
EU funding (EUR): 191149.44
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Nucleic acids are promising candidates for treating disease by stimulating, inhibiting, or replacing other nucleic acids or proteins inside of eukaryotic cells—a process known as “gene therapy.” However, methods to efficiently and safely deliver genes into cells are still lacking. The problem is that nucleic acids are not cell permeant and degrade before reaching the cytosol. One way to transport oligonucleotides into cells is by packaging them into hollow containers made of proteins, a method that has been successfully hijacked by viruses for a long time. Here, we propose to design and engineer an artificial proteinaceous container that (1) selectively encapsulates ribonucleic acids (RNAs) using a known RNA recognition tag and (2) delivers this RNA into the cytosol of mammalian cells. Protein engineering, which embodies both rational design and computational modeling, will be used to create the starting design of this artificial protein container. The initial design will be based on the protein lumazine synthase from the bacterial organism Aquifex aeolicus (AaLS), which forms small but highly symmetrical nanocompartments in bacteria and is very tolerant to genetic changes. To optimize this design, we will use directed evolution to induce an artificial selection pressure on a large population of distinct capsid variants, allowing us to obtain only the best-performing capsid variants: those that can enter and disassemble selectively inside of mammalian cells, thereby releasing the enclosed RNA molecules into the cytosol. New AaLS containers will be thoroughly characterized using cutting-edge technologies, such next-generation sequencing and cryo-electron microscopy. The ultimate goal of LEVERAGE mRNA is to use the designed and evolved capsids to deliver messenger RNAs (mRNAs) into cells that encode missing or dysfunctional proteins, for example in enzyme replacement therapies. If successful, this action will have lasting positive impacts on human health.

Keywords: directed evolution,rna delivery,capsid engineering
Interoperable EHRs at user edge (InteropEHRate)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Societal Challenges
Programme: Health, demographic change and wellbeing
Theme: Methods and data
Action type: Research and Innovation actions
Countries involved: Austria,Italy,Germany,Italy,Italy,Cyprus,Belgium,Greece,Greece,Romania,Greece,Belgium
Call: Prototyping a European interoperable Electronic Health Record (EHR) exchange (H2020-SC1-DTH-2018-1, 2018)
Start date: 2019-01-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 45.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7192592.5
EU funding (EUR): 7192592.5
Participants: 17
Project status: CLOSED

Today, citizens moving across Europe have very limited control on their own health data, spread out in different silos. Legal constraints may prevent controllers of these silos from exchanging the managed data, even in anonymized way, without the intervention of higher authorities. As a consequence, health data cannot be fully exploited for healthcare and research. InteropEHRate aims to empower the citizen and unlock health data from local silos, using a bottom-up approach for EHR interoperability 1. mediated by the citizen: through the adoption of a D2D (device to device) standard, that, exploiting edge computing and short-range wireless technologies, allows the citizens to import their own health data on personal smart devices, and exchange them, in a confidential way, also without the internet, with healthcare professionals and researchers, without the intervention of other authorities; 2. authorized by the citizen: through peer-to-peer protocols for cross-border interoperability among EHRs and research apps, using decentralized authorization mechanisms based on citizens’ consent, to guarantee data accountability and provenance traceability, in compliance to patients’ rights and GDPR; 3. open and incremental: based on open specifications, connecting for-profit and non-profit data providers with different levels of interoperability, starting from a low level for secure exchange of unconverted data, to a high level combining knowledge extraction and adaptive data integration, to translate data to a common HL7 FHIR profile and into the natural language of the consumer; 4. A co-design approach and a specific governance model will manage human aspects related to ethics, laws, technology evolution. User scenarios, presenting different security and interoperability requirements, will be validated by citizens and institutions belonging to six European countries. Existing interoperability infrastructures will be exploited, including CEF building blocks such as eID.

Keywords: citizen empowerment,edge computing,communication protocol,multilingualism,adaptive data integration,hl7 fhir,peer to peer,incremental integration,integration governance,data protection
Principles of Integrin Mechanics and Adhesion (PoInt)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Synergy grants
Action type: ERC actions
Countries involved: Germany
Call: ERC Synergy Grant (ERC-2018-SyG, 2018)
Start date: 2019-04-01
End date: 2025-03-31
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 7217200.0
EU funding (EUR): 7217200.0
Participants: 2
Project status: SIGNED

Integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix is a prerequisite for the development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms. A hallmark of integrins is that ligand binding requires an “integrin activation” step affecting the shape of the entire molecule is induced by the integrin tail- and actomyosin-binding adaptor proteins talin and kindlin. In a second step, integrins cluster and assemble a gigantic signaling hub, where they integrate biochemical and biophysical signals to achieve their functional output. Due to the lack of combined expertise and suitable technologies, the key steps of integrin activation are still largely unknown and the underlying physical principles still need to be identified. We propose a multifaceted approach combining quantitative single molecule measurements, reconstitution of minimal and cellular adhesion complexes as well as development of multicellular structures and organoids. We propose four aims. In our first aim we will unravel how forces are propagated through the talin-integrin tail bonds and how force-induced integrin shape changes affect signaling. In the second aim we will use novel force spectrometers to determine energy landscapes and the high-resolution structure of fibronectin-integrin complexes. In our third aim we will use in vitro model membranes to test how integrin tail-binding adaptors, cortical F-actin and specific domains of integrins induce integrin clustering. With our fourth aim we will unravel how integrins integrate chemical and biophysical signals during organ development. Using the proposed synergistic approach, we will decipher fundamental principles of cell adhesion biology. Furthermore, our research will result in a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms regulating adhesion signaling that will allow us to develop strategies to curb adhesion functions without completely blocking integrins, thus limiting the enormous side effects of current interventions.

Keywords: cell junctions,cell adhesion,cell communication and the extracellular matrix
Bayesian computations in the human neocortex: deciphering the neuronal mechanisms of perceptual and syntactic inferences. (BayesianHumanCortex)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Individual Fellowships (IF)-Global Fellowships
Action type: Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions
Panel: Life Sciences
Countries involved: Germany,Germany,United States
Call: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-GF) (H2020-MSCA-IF-2014, 2014)
Start date: 2015-08-01
End date: 2018-07-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 257860.8
EU funding (EUR): 257860.8
Participants: 3
Project status: CLOSED

The diversity of human cognitive abilities contrasts with the homogeneity of its neural bases. Indeed, perception, decision and language processes largely rely on a common neuronal structure – the neocortex – whose functioning remains remarkably poorly understood. Recent theories suggest that the six layers of the neocortical microcircuit are specifically interconnected to perform generic computations, thanks to a Bayesian hierarchical combination of top-down expectations (priors) and bottom-up sensory information (likelihoods). However, recording each cortical layer is technically challenging. Mainly limited to animal electrophysiology, the rare empirical investigations of neocortical operations have been incapable of tackling human-specific cognitive abilities, such as syntax processing. Capitalizing on recent advances in human electrophysiology, I will address these challenges by testing whether the elements of Bayesian computations are implemented by 1) distinct cortical layers (e.g. priors in layers 5/6) or, alternatively, 2) distinct neuronal oscillations (e.g. priors in the alpha/beta band). I will then assess whether these neuronal computations form the elementary components of syntax processing. To characterize the exchange of information within and between cortical regions, I will combine whole-brain magnetoencephalography of with invasive electrocorticography and intra-laminar recordings, acquired from patients implanted for clinical purposes. This project, at the intersection of neuroscience, computational theory and linguistics will set the foundations for a mechanistic investigation of human cognition at an unprecedented level of detail, and will therefore allow me to start a competitive scientific career as an independent researcher. Ultimately, this innovative framework will help us understand the building blocks of human cognition, and the way neocortical dysfunctions lead to complex mental disorders such as schizophrenia.

Keywords: human electrophysiology,neocortical function,predictive coding
Dynamic Control and Numerics of Partial Differential Equations (DYCON)

Framework: Horizon 2020 — Excellent Science
Programme: European Research Council (ERC)
Theme: European research council
Destination: Advanced grants
Action type: ERC actions
Panel: Mathematics
Panel description: All areas of mathematics, pure and applied, plus mathematical foundations of computer science, mathematical physics and statistics
Countries involved: Spain,Spain
Call: ERC Advanced Grant (ERC-2015-AdG, 2015)
Start date: 2016-10-01
End date: 2022-09-30
Duration (months): 72.0
Total project cost (EUR): 2065125.0
EU funding (EUR): 1620840.0
Participants: 2
Project status: CLOSED

This project aims at making a breakthrough contribution in the broad area of Control of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) and their numerical approximation methods by addressing key unsolved issues appearing systematically in real-life applications. To this end, we pursue three objectives: 1) to contribute with new key theoretical methods and results, 2) to develop the corresponding numerical tools, and 3) to build up new computational software, the DYCON-COMP computational platform, thereby bridging the gap to applications. The field of PDEs, together with numerical approximation and simulation methods and control theory, have evolved significantly in the last decades in a cross-fertilization process, to address the challenging demands of industrial and cross-disciplinary applications such as, for instance, the management of natural resources, meteorology, aeronautics, oil industry, biomedicine, human and animal collective behaviour, etc. Despite these efforts, some of the key issues still remain unsolved, either because of a lack of analytical understanding, of the absence of efficient numerical solvers, or of a combination of both. This project identifies and focuses on six key topics that play a central role in most of the processes arising in applications, but which are still poorly understood: control of parameter dependent problems; long time horizon control; control under constraints; inverse design of time-irreversible models; memory models and hybrid PDE/ODE models, and finite versus infinite-dimensional dynamical systems. These topics cannot be handled by superposing the state of the art in the various disciplines, due to the unexpected interactive phenomena that may emerge, for instance, in the fine numerical approximation of control problems. The coordinated and focused effort that we aim at developing is timely and much needed in order to solve these issues and bridge the gap from modelling to control, computer simulations and applications.

Keywords: partial differential equations,dynamic control,numerical approximation,long time horizon,parameter dependence,constraints,inverse design,shocks,finite versus infinite dimensions,memory models