Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-informations-sur-les-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Mineral excavation by photosynthetic microbes, a geochemical survey of a biological paradox. (EUENDOLIGHT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-16
End date: 2017-01-05
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 268781.1
EU funding (EUR): 268781.1
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

This interdisciplinary proposal aims to make important contributions in the field of microbes-mineral interactions using as model system the boring process of endolithic cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria which count among the most common, widespread and environmentally significant agents of bio-erosion, boring microscopic galleries as they grow within carbonate substrates. The mechanisms by which they achieve this against chemical equilibrium are poorly known. This project objective is to better understand mechanisms involved in cyanobacteria boring activity, detail, its phylogenetic distribution and to characterize the mineral and geochemical signatures of this process, so as to be able to apply it in the interpretation of paleobiological records. This will be achieved by studying laboratory cultures of cyanobacteria, performing boring assays in various substrates, and monitoring the boring activity. Diverse tools from molecular biology, microbiology and geochemistry will be used including confocal laser scanning microscopy, electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. That all together will allow in-situ survey of intracellular and extracellular chemistry variations, the identification of molecular bases of the process as well as the nature and distribution of mineral phases and organic. This will help to refine microbial and mineralogical models for the mechanisms involved, and to assess the quantitative importance of boring cyanobacteria in present and past ecosystem. My goal with this proposal is to establish a truly interdisciplinary expertise in the study of endolithic cyanobacteria by joining the skills and tools of the Garcia-Pichel lab (ASU-USA) and Biogéosciences lab (uB-France). This project will be a unique opportunity to become an accomplished researcher in geomicrobiology able to collaborate with people from both research fields and to apply this unique dual toolbox to the development of my own project in the future.

Keywords: geomicrobiology,cyanobacteria,microboring activity,carbonate,photosynthesis,biosignature,v201 biogeochemistry - biogeochemical cycles - environmental chemistry,l809 prokaryotic biology
The Birth of Diplomacy through Factions at Power: the Catholic-Spanish Party in the Imperial Court (1556-1659) (CSPIC)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Germany
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-10
End date: 2015-05-09
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 161968.8
EU funding (EUR): 161968.8
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The project aims to explain pre-modern diplomacy through the personal action of power elites. The researcher is concerned with a simple verification: if there is currently a widespread consensus that early modern political designs were made in the court and by courtiers, the courtier organization and acting may be scrutinized for understanding diplomatic decisions. In this respect, the proposal is as clear as it is ambitious: it endeavours to offer the first general work on the dynamics of the Imperial court of Vienna in the first modern phase, from the abdication of Charles V to the peace of the Pyrenees, 1556-1659. The hypothesis is that the confessional polarization and the weak authority of the Emperors allowed the main court force to be a Catholic faction leaded by the King of Spain and (to a lesser extent) by the Pope. Both patrons provided confessional identity, material patronage and protection to leading courtiers in exchange for diplomatic influence. This implies a radical rethinking of diplomacy, instead of the State and institutions, court patronage and informal influence were the key for international politics. Four specific objectives will be taken into account: 1. What constituted a faction or network in the Austrian Court 2. How the Austrian Court worked and evolved in general 3. Who were the members of the faction and why 4. Which policies did they take and how The old common court culture is a European intangible patrimony of cosmopolite nature, which went beyond the concept of nationality and heralded a “European citizenship”. Dynastic interdependence is studied in this project as a complex factor in the process of Europeanization. The cultivation of relationships among these aristocrats fostered contacts, perceptions, transfers and learning processes among families that lived far from one another. These effects in turn contributed to the creation of networks that supported gradual assimilation among the involved families at a European scale.

Keywords: s405 modern and contemporary history,s112 global and transnational governance - international law - human rights,s410 social - economic - cultural and political history
From Dicke States to Anderson Localisation of Light in Optical Nanofibres (DIALON)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-08-01
End date: 2015-07-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 179137.2
EU funding (EUR): 179137.2
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The aim of DiALON is to investigate cooperative and multiple scattering of light in one dimension using optical nanofibres. Two complementary experimental approaches will be pursued: atoms trapped around an optical nanofibre and nanofibres perforated with nanoscopic holes. The question of the interplay between cooperative effects, based on Dicke super- and subradiance in extended dense ensembles and Anderson localisation of light, will be addressed. The special case of ordered atomic distributions will enable to establish connections to known results in condensed matter physics. Atoms trapped in a 1D optical lattice created in the evanescent field surrounding an optical nanofibre are ideally suited to the study of cooperative and multiple scattering of the nanofibre-guided light. Subradiant states should be straightforwardly prepared because the atom-light interaction results in a driven timed Dicke state with a wavenumber exceeding the vacuum value. Concerning the free-space modes, this state will be sub- or superradiant, depending on the spatial period of the optical lattice. Regardless of this spatial period, the state is superradiantly coupled to the nanofibre mode. Disorder appears naturally in the system if the filling factor of the optical lattice sites is smaller than one. The trapping potential can, however, also be turned into a 1D tube along the nanofibre. The freely moving atoms will then realise a random 1D distribution, possibly leading to Anderson localisation of the fibre-guided light. In both cases, a total optical depth of the atomic ensemble on the order of 100 is experimentally accessible. In a complementary experimental approach, we will explore a novel model system employing optical nanofibres with disordered nanoholes. This will present the advantage to let us choose at will the number and density of scatterers as well as their disorder and scattering properties, the latter being tunable via the nanohole parameters like width and aspect ratio.

Keywords: p107 atomic - molecular physics,optical nanofibres
New Catalytic C-H Activation and Decarboxylation Chemistry (CATCHCHEM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-17
End date: 2016-02-16
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

We propose a wide-ranging and ambitious programme of work that looks to develop new synthetic chemistry in the areas of catalytic decarboxylation and C-H bond activation. The discovery of new catalyst systems that can selectively manipulate unreactive C-H bonds represents a major area of research in synthetic chemistry. Whilst C-H activation is one of the most active areas of current research, it remains in its infancy with respect to regio and stereo-control, green chemistry concerns and applications to demanding synthetic targets. We will address these and other issues by developing a range of new C-H and X-H activation reaction systems that work in the decarboxylative regime. Carboxylic acids have superb potential as starting materials for chemical processes, being cheap, readily available in thousands of permutations and very safe and convenient to handle. The potential of acids as precursors to organo-transition metal species in catalytic cycles is only recently being appreciated. We aim to design new, metal-catalysed reactions of carboxylates that can lead to step changes in efficiency and atom economy for chemical synthesis.

Keywords: c141 organic chemistry,c112 catalysis
Cross-Layer Abstractions and Run-time for I/O Software Stack of Extreme-scale systems (CLARISSE)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Spain
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-09-30
End date: 2016-09-29
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 352823.7
EU funding (EUR): 352823.7
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The ever-increasing data needs of scientific and engineering applications require novel approaches to manage and explore huge amounts of information in order to advance scientific discovery. To achieve this goal, one of the main priorities of the international scientific community is addressing the challenges of performing scientific computing on Exaflop machines by 2020. Future Exaflop platforms will be likely characterized by a three to four orders of magnitude increase in concurrency, a substantially larger storage capacity, and a deepening of the storage hierarchy. In the face of these foreseeable evolutions researchers agree that the current uncoordinated development model of independently applying optimizations at each layer of the system software I/O software stack will not scale to the new levels of concurrency, storage hierarchy, and capacity. The main goal of CLARISSE project is to explore a radical new approach of reforming the I/O software stack in order to advance toward the milestone of reaching Exascale on the High End Computing (HEC) platforms. The key insight is to investigate cross-layer control mechanisms and run-times, seeking to unify the access to several layers of volatile and nonvolatile storage and to improve scalability, performance, and resilience of the I/O software stack. CLARISSE will be developed in collaboration with top-level scientists from Argonne National Laboratory (US) in a multidisciplinary environment. The execution of this project will offer the scientist the opportunity to enhance his research, leadership, mentoring and teaching skills, to build novel collaborations with international researchers, and to enhance his profile in the scientific community. The final objective of CLARISSE is to bring the developed technologies and the newly acquired knowledge and skills back to Europe in order to contribute to the competitiveness and the excellence of the European Research Area.

Keywords: exascale,storage,run-time
Tailoring decoherence for controlling spin systems: Deepening foundations; expanding applications (QUANTUM CONTROL)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Israel
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 220290.4
EU funding (EUR): 220290.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

During the last decades quantum control methods have developed into a central research subject in Physics. Improvements in the understanding of these quantum phenomena are also enabling the use of these effects in a growing number of applications. In particular new control methods have been emerging for extending the life of quantum states and manipulating their targeted transfers, which can influence numerous areas of application ranging from spin-based quantum computers to biological applications. This project is directed to expand this combination of basic principles and applications: starting from hitherto unexplored foundations of quantum control methods for tailoring spin evolutions, I seek to gain a better understanding of these and tailor them to applications in the areas of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. These dual goals, involving quantum-mechanical basic developments and spectroscopically-aimed applications for chemistry, biophysics and medicine, will be explored in the ideal interdisciplinary environment that the Weizmann Institute offers for these purposes. Towards this end I have established a series of collaborations with both Prof. L. Frydman, an expert on the development of magnetic resonance principles and technologies, and with Prof. G. Kurizki, an expert on the foundations of quantum control. To further enhance the prospects of this interdisciplinary connection, my Humboldt-supported training in the field of quantum control at Dortmund University in Germany under the supervision of Prof. D. Suter, and at the National University of Cordoba in Argentina under the supervision of magnetic resonance experts Profs. P. Levstein and H. Pastawski, put me in a privileged position to get the maximum out of this experience. I trust that with this research stage, I will be able to fulfill my strategic long-term goal to develop novel Physics-based strategies to control spins, that can find new specific purposes in Chemistry and Biology.

Keywords: physical sciences,spectroscopy,quantum mechanics,magnetic resonance,physical chemistry,chemical physics,relaxation
miR-182 as new Therapeutical Target in Renal Transplantation (MIR182_KIDNEY-TX)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Austria
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2014-02-01
End date: 2017-01-31
Duration (months): 36.0
Total project cost (EUR): 261326.4
EU funding (EUR): 261326.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

Delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation represents the main risk factor for allograft loss. While DGF occurs rarely after living donor transplantation, about 25% of deceased donor kidney recipients develop DGF and require dialysis within the first week after transplantation. Various molecular mechanisms have been elucidated. Pro-inflammatory response after brain death and ischemic reperfusion injury are significant factors contributing to development of DGF. Nevertheless, prevention of DGF after transplantation is desirable but still not feasible. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding 18 to 24 nucleotide-long RNAs involved in the regulation of diverse cellular functions and in the pathogenesis of DGF. One of the most appealing properties of miRNAs as therapeutic agents is their ability to target multiple molecules, making them extremely efficient in regulating distinct biological cell processes relevant in specific diseases. One of their members, miR-182 is strongest increased during acute renal transplant failure. miR-182 regulates approx. 50% of significantly deregulated genes in renal allograft biopsies developing DGF within the first week after transplantation. Furthermore the inhibition of miR-182 showed anti-inflammatory properties over the target gene FOXO1. Aims: 1. We will investigate whether the inhibition of miR-182 will revert transcriptional activation of genes involved in DGF in the rat donor kidney 2. To elucidate the efficacy of miR-182 antisense in preventing the incidence and duration of postischemic DGF in a rat model. 3. The third aim is to test the proposed treatment in human deceased donor kidneys, which are declined for transplantation. Machine perfusion technique (lifeport®) will be used to apply the drug into the donor kidneys ex vivo. This study translates recent knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of DGF into a potentially applicable prophylactic intervention.

Keywords: microrna,kidney transplantation,antisense therapy,delayed graft function,transplant immunology,machine perfusion,organ preservation,l706 surgery,l202 transcriptomics,l213 systems biology
biomimetic therapeutic hydrogel layers for interaction with corneal tissues (THERALENS)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: United Kingdom
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-05-01
End date: 2015-04-30
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 299558.4
EU funding (EUR): 299558.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

design and development of biocompatible and biomimetic polymers, in the form of hydrogels as soft tissue analogues for biomedical applications, especially those related to the cornea such as contact lenses. Synthesis of nanoparticles to encapsulate therapeutically active molecules and development of a hydrogel layer encapsulating the loaded nanoparticles for contact lenses technology improvement. Development of methods to detect living tissue-biomaterial interactions. The project will encompass synthesis, fabrication, physico-chemical characterization and in vitro testing.

Keywords: c101 physical chemistry,c113 physical chemistry of biological systems,c119 structural properties of materials,c129 biomaterials synthesis,c139 polymer chemistry
Involvement of Mitochondrial PyruvAte Carrier in Tumorogenesis (IMPACT)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: Intra-European Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: Switzerland
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-06-01
End date: 2015-05-31
Duration (months): 24.0
Total project cost (EUR): 184709.4
EU funding (EUR): 184709.4
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The role of metabolism in cancer has attracted massive attention in recent years. Several studies highlighted the relevance of aberrant metabolic activities in a number of malignancies. A key node of eukaryotic metabolism is the transport of pyruvate between cytoplasm and mitochondria. Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, plays an essential role in cellular metabolism as after transport into mitochondria it can be oxidized into acetyl-CoA, and further oxidized in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The transport of pyruvate into mitochondria is therefore essential for oxidative phosphorylation and may, under some circumstances, represent a rate-limiting step for oxidative phosphorylation. A few months ago, a major step was achieved with the molecular identification of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier by the group of Dr Martinou, the host laboratory. In a number of cancers, cytosolic pyruvate is converted to lactate, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect have not been completely elucidated. We hypothesize that the structure and/or function of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier is altered in a number of cancers, resulting in significant metabolic changes that could, at least in part, explain the Warburg effect. The aims of this proposal are to characterize the structural and functional properties of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and to assess how they may impact on mitochondrial pyruvate import and cell metabolism in cancer cells. Moreover, using a genetic approach in yeast, we will search for genes that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate normally with decreased activity of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. My work should provide key information on the regulation of this newly discovered mitochondrial pyruvate transporter in cancer metabolism and may lead to the identification of therapeutic targets for cancer.

Keywords: l406 cancer and its biological basis,l302 cell biology and molecular transport mechanisms,l102 general biochemistry and metabolism,l101 molecular biology and interactions
In Situ Analytical Tribology for Investigating Advanced Carbon-Based Materials (ISATRIACAM)

Framework: FP7 — People
Programme: Marie-Curie Actions
Theme: Marie Skłodowska-Curie
Destination: International Outgoing Fellowships
Action type: Support for training and career development of researchers (Marie Curie)
Countries involved: France
Call:  (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF, 2012)
Start date: 2013-04-01
End date: 2015-09-30
Duration (months): 30.0
Total project cost (EUR): 235491.45
EU funding (EUR): 235491.45
Participants: 1
Project status: CLOSED

The goal of the proposed project is to understand the physico-chemical basis underlying the excellent tribological properties of silicon oxide-doped diamond-like carbon (SiOx-DLC) coatings. SiOx-DLCs are amorphous films supposedly consisting of two interpenetrating, interbonded networks, one being a hydrogenated amorphous carbon network and the other a silica glass network. They exhibit impressive thermal stability and oxidation resistance and excellent tribological behaviour even at elevated temperatures, high contact stresses and in humid environments, making them promising candidates for several engineering applications. The goal of the project will be achieved via a hierarchical methodological approach aimed to determine the structure and composition of SiOx-DLC followed by the investigation of its thermal stability and tribological properties. The project has a strong multidisciplinary character and requires the novel combination of advanced analytical techniques. A new methodology, based on one of the most important surface-analytical developments emerging in the last decade - elevated-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy - will be used, enabling the study of the surface chemistry of SiOx-DLC at its critical environmental conditions (partial pressures of water, molecular oxygen, or hydrogen). Furthermore, the research project involves the extensive application, for the first time, of in situ tribological tests methods to the study of carbon-based materials for understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying the environment effect on the tribological performance of SiOx-DLC. Establishing a fundamental understanding of the interrelationships between composition, structure, tribological performance, and durability for this class of carbon-based films can lead to new strategies for designing improved solid lubricants that can meet the requirements of advanced industrial applications. This would have significant economic and industrial benefit to the EU.

Keywords: g311 materials engineering,c105 surface science,c122 thin films,p304 spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques