Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : WELL-ASIA (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Maastricht — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999764.0 €

WELL-ASIA studies the commercialization of wellbeing as ‘wellness’ in twenty-first century Southeast Asia, a region with one of the fastest growing wellness industries in the world. People from within and beyond Asia are travelling more than ever before in search of yoga, meditation and spa retreats, detoxifying diets, anti-ageing therapies, and emotionally-healing experiences. This growing interest in wellness takes shape in the context of increasing anxiety, longevity in a rapidly ageing world, and a growing global middle-class. WELL-ASIA examines the people and places involved in producing, sustaining, and contesting the idea of wellness in contemporary Asia. The project asks: What social, economic and moral transformations, and what new patterns of inequality does the pursuit of wellness generate? How are diverse interests brought into tension and negotiated in the transnational encounters between (i) those who labour in the industry, (ii) the travellers who consume its services, and (iii) the local communities involved? Situated in Southeast Asia, where multiple healing traditions circulate transnationally, often with deep historical roots, this multi-sited ethnographic study focusses on three sites that exhibit both the diversity and distinctiveness of wellness in the region: Singapore, Chiang Mai, and Ubud. The project will involve an interdisciplinary team working in the fields of social anthropology, political and economic geography, media and cultural studies. WELL-ASIA contends that the expansion of commercial wellness is unevenly transforming local economies, reconfiguring transnational mobilities, and bringing to light emergent, highly mobile, and marketable visions of what it means to be well in a hyper-capitalist and interconnected world, in ways that transcend the boundaries of health itself.

Mots-clés : wellbeing,mobility,transnational encounters,ethnography,migration,health
Projet ERC : NEPHRON (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Maastricht — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2374988.0 €

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in loss of kidney function in patients, ultimately requiring organ transplant. Critical organ shortage and organ rejection after transplant make extended dialysis inevitable and the only therapy available. To exacerbate this problem, the incidence of CKD is increasing worldwide, with >14% of the general population affected. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel therapies. Induced pluripotent stem cells have been used to create kidney organoids representing early renal development stages. These organoids might be a suitable therapy in the future but fundamental challenges to achieve late stages of physiologically relevant maturation and function need to be addressed. The lack of vasculature and collection duct systems limits the viability and filtrate removal. To overcome this challenge, I aim to develop a novel, mature in vitro kidney model by exploiting different bioprinting technologies combined with organoid knowledge. This solution will include a bioengineered kidney extracellular (ECM) microenvironment, a vascularized network and a collecting duct system. I hypothesize that the strategic combinations of different bioprinting techniques will allow the development of key structures such as vasculature, essential for promoting maturation of the in vitro model, and a collecting duct for filtrate collection with an expected increase in function resembling the organ. Finally, the combination of the different modules on a microfluidic platform will allow the accurate control of the organoid perfusion and long-term cultures. NEPHRON will allow further knowledge on bioprinting functional kidney units while providing scientists an improved in vitro model to study development, disease and regeneration of the kidney. This knowledge can lead ultimately to alternative therapies and give initial indications on the future possibility of bioprinting a full functional organ.
Projet ERC : POLYCHROME (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 128272.5 €

POLYCHROME will study the shifting fortunes of richly painted and gilded (polychromed) Christian images that have survived in the Nordic countries since the Reformation. How have wooden sculptures, panel paintings, shrines, and winged altarpieces transformed from potent objects of devotion to cultural heritage? To what extent is this category of cultural heritage at risk? Values attached to Catholic devotional objects have fluctuated dramatically since Gustav I of Sweden and Christian III of Denmark-Norway declared a break with the church in Rome (1527 and 1537, respectively). However, documentary sources shed little light on changes in status, volatility, and repairs. POLYCHROME will take an ambitious leap that scholars concerned with polychromy in Denmark, Norway and Sweden have been reluctant to make: to determine the extent to which losses of noses, eyes and limbs are tied to iconoclastic acts. To date, historians and most conservators have attributed damage to accidents or unspecific vandalism, but not to targeted violence. This is due in part to a lack of archival evidence, but also because secondary paints often mask critical information on surfaces and in internal structures. POLYCHROME will harness technologies from the natural sciences to create, from the ground up, the first analytical overview of c. 150 polychromed objects that are (or potentially were) partially mutilated. The material data will offer essential foundations for determining whether damages and losses can be linked to violence, accidents or inherent weakness. The data will guide the mapping of restorations and repairs, and will establish foundations for multidisciplinary studies and cross-cultural debates about heritage values and the future care of religious heritage in the Nordics. The outcomes will complicate conversations about the preserving effects of Lutheranism on medieval devotional objects, and will influence training priorities for years to come.

Mots-clés : medieval,nordic,heritage,material culture,damage,history,polychrome,paint,wood,reformation,lutheran,devotion,violence,mutilation,disempowerment,fragment,loss,overpaint,repair,survival
Projet ERC : Relational harm (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Londres — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UoL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1990933.0 €

This project will examine the novel concept of ‘relational harm’ (defined in the project as harm that individuals and communities experience through the targeting and control of their intimate relationships). The project will focus on ‘forced separation’ as a specific and topical manifestation of relational harm. While existing research has examined the specific vulnerability of children on their own and the long-term impact of familial separation on minors, little has been written about the experience and impact of forced separation on families and communities left behind. Additionally, less is known about why states carry out forced separation and how and why states target the family during war and counter-insurgency. This interdisciplinary and mixed methods project will map state practices of forced separation and the targeting of youth. It will anchor relational harm in a range of historical contexts and will conduct archival research on longer-standing cases of forced separation and reunification, particularly during the Second World War. Examining the case studies of Sri Lanka, the Rohingya (living in Bangladesh), and Peru, the project will focus on the political, social, and economic legacies of familial separation and the lived everyday experiences and consequences of ‘ambiguous loss’. The project will study the extent to which evolving international law and transitional justice practices address relational harms and forced separation. It will examine legal frameworks on the right to family and family life in relation to forced separation. The project will focus on gendered aspects and legacies of relational harm. Engaging with a wide multidisciplinary literature, the project will examine family as both a realm of meaning and security and as a site of vulnerability and harm. The project will make a significant contribution through its critical examination of family and family life as fundamental to the waging and experience of war.

Mots-clés : harm,separation,war,youth,displacement,law
Projet ERC : DEVHIST (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Londres — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UoL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1970046.0 €

International development—the cross-border transfer of funds and expertise for developmental purposes—formed a core plank of the twentieth century international system. But we still know very little about the grassroots dynamics of international development in the twentieth century. DEVHIST will be the first project to systematically examine the encounters between individuals, groups and worldviews that both attended and often reshaped international development at points of implementation across the Global South, from the 1950s to the 1990s. Taking the site of implementation as a dynamic space of renegotiation, this project will expose and interrogate the gap between planned and Actually Existing Development in the twentieth century. Uncovering the complex negotiations that remade international development projects at the point of implementation will reveal the previously unseen viewpoints and agency of Global South communities and mid-level aid workers on the international system. A more granular understanding of the lived experience of international development, including the coercion, resistance and renegotiation that often attended development projects in the Global South, will also facilitate a re-evaluation of historical international development and the broader systems of global governance that emerged in the post-war period. To achieve these outcomes, DEVHIST will pioneer a multiscalar historical methodology that traces international development programmes through every stage of their lifecycle, and draw upon a previously neglected source base including Project Files and Global South-produced accounts. It will apply this approach to programmes and projects implemented by a range of development actors, including Western and Eastern bloc state development agencies, multilateral development banks, international organisations, and development NGOs, in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Mots-clés : history of international development,global south,international organisations,multiscalar history
Projet ERC : NOTIMEFORCOSMO (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : École normale supérieure de Pise — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1610469.0 €

The beginnings of the universe are encoded in the statistical properties of primordial perturbations imprinted at the hot Big Bang. Our understanding of primordial cosmology comes from measurements of these imprinted spatial correlations. They form a static pattern, and its apparent lack of causality is elegantly explained by an earlier period of time evolution. This time evolution from very primordial eras of the universe can not be observed directly. For conceptual and practical purposes, a reformulation of cosmological perturbation theory in which time is emergent is of fundamental importance. We hypothesize that there is an intrinsic description of primordial fluctuations that only uses their statistical properties and in which time emerges. Our approach has three steps. First, we propose a systematic development of the theory of "boundary differential equations" for cosmological correlation functions, and the development of new kinematical variables for cosmological correlators. With these tools in hand, we will calculate a large set of ``theoretical data": cosmological correlations of many different particles, coming from a variety of early universe scenarios. With this data in hand, we will search for new principles from which time evolution emerges from the static distribution of cosmological perturbations. Having a reformulation of cosmological evolution with emergent time, a glimpse into the possible beginning of our universe might become accessible, as well as its imprint in cosmological correlations.

Mots-clés : cosmological perturbation theory,scattering amplitudes,inflation,bootstrap
Projet ERC : DIGIFOOD (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université de Leyde — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1998860.0 €

Across the world, digitalization has been heralded as the start of a new "agricultural revolution." Data collected from digital sensors implanted into soil, satellites, and mobile phones offer the possibility of gathering unprecedented amounts of data. Combined with predictive analytics of artificial intelligence, this data promises critical insights for governments, food producers, and the private sector to address the challenges of food insecurity and climate change. Yet with these new flows of data also come risks. Unequal capacity to collect and extract value from data can exacerbate structural power asymmetries in food systems, with important implications for human rights. To mitigate these risks, it is essential to establish robust data governance, itself no easy task. Agricultural data defy the legal categories that have guided data protection in other sectors. Moreover, most models of agricultural data governance have been developed in the Global North and may not be fit for the Global South, where smallholders make up the majority of food producers. This project, Data Governance for Equitable and Sustainable Digital Food Systems (DIGIFOOD), examines these emerging networks and practices of agricultural data governance through a transnational, comparative, and cross-national study of three countries leading agricultural digitalization and governance in the Global South—Kenya, India, and Colombia. The project breaks new ground by developing an innovative socio-legal and ethnographic approach for analyzing the technical, legal, and cultural dimensions of data governance. It will offer empirical insights into the impact of digitalization on agrarian relations, shedding light on struggles over power and authority within the context of the digital agricultural revolution. By doing so, it aims to make a substantial contribution to the normative evolution of governance standards to enable equitable and sustainable digitization of agriculture and food systems.

Mots-clés : legal anthropology,data governance,agrarian studies
Projet ERC : IMPROVE_LIFE (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : LMU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1162425.0 €

Globally, one in three women are estimated to experience physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence during their lifetime. Pregnancy is a life-changing time, when violence might subside, occur for the first time or intensify. Abuse and its consequences can be severe for both mother and children, and cascade into the next generation.  IMPROVE_LIFE’s aim is to understand the risk and protective factors for violence during pregnancy, its short and long-term effects and intergenerational impact.  This project proposes the first theorization and empirical assessment of violence during pregnancy, its intergenerational transmission, and health and social effects using clinically tested biomarkers. It will synthesize new and existing intergenerational cohort data from diverse settings: Bangladesh and the UK, use pooled multi-country survey datasets and qualitative evidence.  IMPROVE_LIFE will address five objectives: 1) investigate the short- and long-term social and health effects of violence during pregnancy on women and their children, 2) explore if violence during pregnancy is a marker for severe violence, 3) study maternal and paternal risk factors for the transmission of violence to their children, 4) elicit male and female experiences and views of the causes of violence during pregnancy, and 5) provide evidence on the global applicability of established pathways explaining violence during pregnancy.  The fundamental gains for the protection of women and prevention of violence emerging from this ambitious research programme are immense. The high risks arising from following a cohort after two decades, integrating clinically collected biomarkers and male voices are addressed by a dedicated and experienced PI and team and robust research approaches. The new empirically tested, ecological theoretical framework will be vital to inform policy, prevention and response programmes addressing violence during pregnancy, thereby improving lives.

Mots-clés : violence against women and girls,intimate partner violence
Projet ERC : Nekoka (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer Science and Informatics
Entité participante : Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : LMU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2000000.0 €

Proof assistants (also called interactive theorem provers) have a long history of being very tedious to use. The situation has improved markedly in the past decade with the integration of first-order automatic theorem provers as backends. And recently, there have been exciting developments for more expressive logics, with the emergence of automatic provers based on optimized higher-order calculi. The Nekoka project's aim is to make higher-order SMT and λ-superposition a perfect fit for logical problems emerging from the verification of software and mathematics. We will start by extending higher-order SMT and λ-superposition and implementing them in automatic provers to provide push-button proof automation for lemmas expressed in higher-order logics. To reach end users, we will integrate the automatic provers in interactive tools: both general-purpose proof assistants and software verification platforms. As case studies, we will use our own provers and integrations to formalize quantum information theory and verify a big data framework in collaboration with domain experts. Beyond providing representative case studies, this will help build a user community around our tools and technologies. In terms of scientific impact, the improved higher-order SMT and λ-superposition calculi will substantially advance the art of higher-order automation and help reorient research in automated reasoning towards the needs of end users, whether computer scientists or mathematicians. Our tools will outlive the project, serving end users and continuing to be useful for future research. At the societal level, the project will herald a future in which automatic provers and proof assistants are routinely deployed in tandem to verify critical computing infrastructure and to formalize research in computer science and mathematics, thereby leading to more trustworthy software and science.

Mots-clés : interactive theorem proving,proof assistants,automatic theorem proving,sat solving,smt solving,logic,proofs,software verification,formalization of mathematics
Projet ERC : PraxisofCoexistence (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : University College de Londres — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UCL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 86100.0 €

The world is experiencing what many have described as a crisis of multiculturalism. Over the past decade, growing and increasingly mainstream voices have declared multiculturalism to have failed, in such places as Europe, the United States, India, Israel, to name a few. In view of growing concerns over the ineffectiveness of current coexistence policies, and brewing ethno-religious conflicts, this research program will address this issue by taking a comparative approach to the question of ethno-religious coexistence in multiple sites. By examining cases of “ordinary” coexistence in situations of religious and ethnic diversity, the research seeks to understand how coexistence is actually practiced. The Praxis of Coexistence seeks to open an entirely new empirical, inductive, and comparative line of inquiry that does not seek to examine the effects of different policies on coexistence, but rather looks at coexistence practices to, among other things, achieve better policy. Understanding how people handle diversity spontaneously will enlighten us about what they “expect”, what they are looking for in coexistence. I ask: How do communities accommodate difference in spontaneous and culturally resonant ways? What resources do they actually draw on to maintain civil relations and avoid conflict and violence between the different religious and ethnic groups that cohabit the same space? This project will open theoretical and normative space for a broader range of approaches to coexistence, ones that are attuned to questions of deep difference, divergent worldviews, and diverse values. In contrast to studies on the effects of policy or structural conditions on the dynamics of coexistence, this project will demonstrate why we should also take culture and existing practice seriously when considering the dilemmas of diversity.

Mots-clés : intergroup accommodation,tolerance,ordinary coexistence