Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : MAGNETALLIEN (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Université de Lorraine — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 151720.0 €

Limiting power consumption for massive data while increasing data processing speed and transfer rates requires the development of innovative architectures for logic, memory, and hyper frequencies applications. Spintronics brings some answers proposing solutions based on spin-orbit coupling. However, there is still a need to further reduce power consumption, simplify memory architectures, and close the THz gap. I propose unconventional experiments to develop magnetic-based platforms towards sub-THz spin current generation without the use of laser sources and gain access to the study of magnetic materials with high resonance frequencies. I formulate here new challenges presenting cutting-edge concepts involving spin-orbit coupling in magnetic alloys and compounds with magnetic Rashba interfaces. These will allow exploring and exploiting the ultra-high harmonics generation of spin currents, spin-orbitronics signals, in the sub-THz domain by tuning the ferromagnetic exchange and Rashba splitting. Based on these innovative concepts, MAGNETALLIEN has a twofold objective: i) to demonstrate that magnetic alloys and compounds, such as amorphous ferrimagnets and magnetic epitaxial Heusler, that possess strong spin-orbit coupling will lead to a new platform for efficient spin current self-production and, ii) will lead to the production of ultra-high harmonics spin pumping voltage up to tens or hundreds of GHz enabling various uses in new spin-orbitronics experiments. MAGNETALLIEN project will generate knowledge in spin current self-production and self-torque in magnetic alloys and compounds that will allow making decisive progress for less-energy-consuming architectures. Although of fundamental nature, demonstrating the existence of ultra-high harmonics signal which exploitation in innovative devices for spin-orbitronics goes far beyond the state of the art, this project will open new avenues and perspectives to tackle in a disruptive way all-electric sub-THz domain.
Projet ERC : MAMBA (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals — Pays : Pologne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ISEA PAS;ISEZ PAN
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 653075.0 €

The discovery of large accumulations of woolly mammoth remains together with Upper Palaeolithic artefacts has fascinated both researchers and the general public since the 19th century. Despite many years of scientific research and dispute our knowledge about these sites and the relationship between mammoths and contemporaneous Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers remains incomplete. This project focuses on the mammoth bone accumulations found in the West Carpathian forelands and seeks to establish why they formed and their function for hunter-gatherer groups 35,000-25,000 years ago – a period of major techno-cultural and environmental change in approaching the Last Glacial Maximum. For the first time we will study materials covering the full chronological range of this archaeological phenomenon, considering both existing collections alongside new fieldwork at the key sites of Dolní Věstonice I, Kraków Spadzista and Langmannersdorf. Site-specific signals of human-mammoth interaction within their local palaeoenvironmental context will be used to investigate chrono-spatial changes in both mammoth populations and hunter-gatherer societies. We will employ standardised field and laboratory protocols that utilise recent methodological and technological advances in ancient DNA research, stable isotope studies, radiometric dating, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and palaeodemographic modelling. The resulting dataset will allow an integrated investigation of the formation of mammoth bone accumulations and produce a statistically analysable dataset expected to reveal the interactions between human and mammoth populations in Central Europe in the context of palaeoenvironmental changes. This will have great impact not only for Upper Palaeolithic research in Central Europe, but will on a general scale also contribute to an improved understanding of human behaviour, cultural developments, and human adaptation to dynamically changing climatic and environmental conditions.

Mots-clés : upper palaeolithic,pleistocene
Projet ERC : Orison (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and Communication Engineering
Entité participante : KU Leuven — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999688.0 €

Silicon complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (Si CMOS) technologies are ubiquitous in a plethora of products today employing a multitude of chips. The current challenges of Si chips research and applications are area, power consumption and high-voltage interposing for AR/VR, low-power IoT, high-voltage sensors and actuator interfaces such as MEMS and lab-on-chip. ORISON’s goal is to develop a scalable toolbox on top of Si CMOS chip technologies for disruptive research activities in ultralow power circuit design, high-voltage interfacing and low-area 3D stacked hybrid pixel engines. The technology platform focuses on a 3D hetero-integration route of Si CMOS and Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) n-type transistors with a 100x lower electron mobility. The game changing nature of ORISON enables innovation on three major pillars: (1) extreme low off-stage leakage currents due to the wide bandgap semiconductor, leading to ultralow power and long retention electronic circuits, (2) the absence of a bulk for IGZO devices, enabling low footprint and high-voltage devices on top of Si CMOS and (3) a 3D technology platform facilitating beyond state-of-the-art circuit and pixel resolutions.  A new hybrid Si pMOS/IGZO cell library will be pioneered targeting ultra-low power consumption because of comparable sub-threshold slopes of both technologies, low off-state leakage currents and individual tuneable threshold voltages by a local backgate. In addition, true cell-level power gating techniques are envisioned to radically reduce the idle power consumption, paving the way to lifetime battery-powered or battery-less wearables and leaf-node IoT.  The novel high-voltage hybrid library impacts positively MEMS and AR/VR applications with unprecedented footprint and power characteristics and enables technology partitioning for smart pixels. The 3D technology also envisions high-resolution pixel engines with refresh-on-demand capacitor-less pixel engines.

Mots-clés : low energy design,high voltage interface electronics,igzo,back end of line technology,sub threshold logic
Projet ERC : Vortex (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université du Chili — Pays : Chili — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UChile
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 137500.0 €

The main goal of this project is to understand the geometry of the deeply influential topological phase transitions which were discovered in the 70's by Berezinskii, Kosterlitz and Thouless. The archetypal example of such phase transitions arises in the 2d XY model in which topological defects, called vortices, behave very differently at small and high temperature. The mathematical understanding of this rich phenomenon goes back to the work of Fröhlich and Spencer in the 80's and involves the 2d Coulomb gas. This project is aimed at analyzing this phase transition through the prism of random fractal geometry by associating natural percolating sets to the XY model whose behavior will depend crucially on the temperature. One constant source of inspiration will be the deep geometric content and powerful probabilistic methods gathered over the last 20 years for celebrated discrete symmetry models such as 2d critical Ising or percolation. New tools will be brought in, among which the recent works of the PI with Sepúlveda which analyze the 2d Coulomb gas and make connections with Bayesian statistics.  Since the early days of topological phase transitions, topological defects have been found to arise also in some discrete symmetry spin systems as well as in Abelian lattice gauge theory in 4d. This project will explore the geometry of these by making several novel and fruitful connections with the dimer and Ising models.  The new connections made with statistical reconstruction and Bayesian statistics will give access to the even more fascinating and least understood world of spin systems with non-Abelian (gauge-)symmetry. Finally, we shall investigate the mechanisms which relate the microscopic background noise with the large scale structures it induces in the contexts of Quantum Field Theory and KPZ fixed point. The impact of this project will go well beyond the current understanding of topological phase transitions in a wide variety of settings where they arise.

Mots-clés : kosterlitz thouless transition,coulomb gas,xy model,lattice gauge theory,gaussian free field,discrete beta ensembles,kpz fixed point,ising model,critical percolation,dynamical percolation,noise sensitivity,planar statistical physics
Projet ERC : ReSolVer (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Molecules of Life: B iological  Mechanisms , Structures  and Functions
Entité participante : Université de Saragosse — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999125.0 €

Inflammation is an immunovascular process occurring upon pathogen infection and pathological conditions. Strong evidence from the last two decades shows that termination of inflammation is not a passive process but instead, is actively terminated. Such Inflammation Resolution (IR) stops tissue damaging processes while enhancing immune response and tissue repair. Enhancing IR has the potential to improve treatments in chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration and cancer. Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) are lipid-derived molecules with a pivotal role in inducing IR and act through putative orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the surface of immune cells (some acting through unknown receptors). Despite the high relevance of SPMs in IR and the treatment of inflammation-related diseases, there is scarce knowledge in their functional mechanisms, as well as in their relative and absolute effect.  In the ReSolVer proposal we will use chemical synthesis, chemoproteomics, signaling, structural biology and primary 3D epithelioids to understand SPM mechanisms and provide a cell/tissue/disease inspecific SPM-receptor network so as to tackle the pleitropic effects of SPMs in different organs/disease. More specifically, we will:  (i) Identify, validate and de-orphanize SPM receptors, using chemoproteomics, in vitro binding and signaling assays, (ii) Generate a functional SPM-receptor network, of SPM-receptor interactions, signaling profiles and cell expression levels, (iii) Determine the structural mechanisms of SPM-receptor interactions, using cryo-EM of SPM-receptor complexes and functional assays, (iv) Design and test synergistic SPM therapeutic strategies, based on the generated SPM-receptor network and human 3D primary epithelioids,  The results will provide a breakthrough in inflammation resolution, tackle GPCR de-orphanization and open new therapeutic avenues in inflammation-related diseases.

Mots-clés : orphan g protein coupled receptors,inflammation,specialized pro resolving mediators
Projet ERC : 3D.FETOPRINT (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : École polytechnique de Milan — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : PoliMi
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1797500.0 €

Currently available pre-birth surgical treatments for Spina Bifida Aperta (SBA) still do not provide a complete recovery in babies and would potentially benefit from a tissue engineering approach, indeed the first clinical trial using stem cells for SBA has recently started, however this is performed via an open-uterus approach. This made me wonder, what if we can develop an innovative system to deliver via fetoscopy a bioprinted tissue engineering costructfor SBA repair? Such an approach would promote tissue regeneration and ease the surgery.  In 3D.FETOPRINT I will develop a system for the in-situ fetoscopic bioprinting of a gel composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) to close the defect of spina bifida aperta (SBA) in a large animal model.  The project will be divided into three work packages. First work package will address the development and testing of the gel, by studying the interaction between fetal ECM proteins and AFSCs, to define a gel formulation that could be bioprinted in-utero. Second work package will focus on the design and development of an innovative fetoscopic bioprinting device capable of bioprinting a gel patch on the fetus. Last work package will finally validate the innovative approach. We will first validate through in-vitro testing using a laparoscopic simulator, then we will perform a sheep spina bifida aperta model where the innovative fetoscopic 3D bioprinting system will be vaildated.  We will leverage my expertise in biomaterials, cells and tissue engineering device design to carry out this project that will deliver a revolutionary system that will open up the possibility to bioprint tissue engineered constructs on the fetus.

Mots-clés : tissue engineering,bioprinting,biomaterials
Projet ERC : EUNICE (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : École polytechnique de Milan — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : PoliMi
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1730000.0 €

Mathematical models have become central tools in global environmental assessments. To serve society well, climate change stabilization assessments need to capture the uncertainties of the deep future, be statistically sound and track near-term disruptions. Up to now, conceptual, computational and data constraints have limited the quantification of uncertainties of climate stabilization pathways to a narrow set, focused on the current century. The statistical interpretation of scenarios generated by multi-model ensembles is problematic due to availability biases and model dependencies. Scenario plausibility assessments are scant. Simplified, single-objective decision criteria frameworks are used to translate decarbonization uncertainties into decision rules whose understanding is not validated.  EUNICE aims to transform the methodological and experimental foundations of model-based climate assessments through quantification and debiasing of uncertainties in climate stabilization pathways. Our approach is threefold: construct, consolidate and convert. We first apply simulation and statistical methods for extending scenarios into the deep future (beyond the current century and status quo), quantifying and attributing deep uncertainties. We consolidate model ensembles through machine learning and human ingenuity to eliminate statistical biases, pin down near-term correlates of long-term targets, and identify early signals of scenario plausibility through prediction polls. Finally, we use decision-theoretic methods to convert model-generated maps of the future into resilient recommendations and experimentally test how to communicate them effectively. By advancing the state of the art in mathematical modelling, statistics, and behavioural decision-making, we strengthen the scientific basis of climate assessments, such as those of the IPCC. The approach and insights of EUNICE can be applied to other high-stakes environmental, social and technological evaluations.

Mots-clés : climate change mitigation climate emission pathways model ensembles uncertainty quantification uncertainty communication behavioural science
Projet ERC : EDUCHANGE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université d'Islande — Pays : Islande — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1681081.5 €

EDUCHANGE aims to become one of the first ever projects to conduct simultaneous field experiments in four strategically selected countries (Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Iceland) with the goal to reduce inequality at the educational transition from compulsory to secondary education and at the transition to higher education. While experimental intervention studies have become more common in sociology and economics in recent years, EDUCHANGE will address five critical limitations in this literature: 1) No information or career guidance experiment with the goal to reduce inequality at educational transitions has ever been implemented in different countries with a harmonized design. This is puzzling given the importance of institutional context for the generation of inequalities in education 2) The majority of experiments focus on the transition to higher education while neglecting earlier transitions which are particularly relevant in tracked European education systems 3) Previous experiments have hardly considered the role and knowledge of professional counsellors 4) Previous interventions have mainly focused on updating students’ biased perceptions of costs and returns while neglecting other psychological and social barriers 5) Advances in multimedia technologies have only to a limited extent been integrated in previous experiments.  Key outcomes of EDUCHANGE will include: (a) A more nuanced conceptual understanding of how career guidance and information provision can help to reduce inequalities (b) A comparative study of students’ subjective evaluation of costs, returns and probabilities of success and psychological barriers they attach to different educational alternatives in a comparative perspective (c) Knowledge about to what degree institutional context has an impact on whether information provision and career guidance can reduce inequality at two key educational transitions – and potentially affect persistence at the next level.

Mots-clés : social inequality in education,field experiments,educational transitions,comparative research
Projet ERC : FASTEN (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Gérone — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1996250.0 €

Life could not be sustained without the presence of enzymes, which are responsible for accelerating the chemical reactions in a biologically compatible timescale. Enzymes present other advantageous features such as high specificity and selectivity, plus they operate under very mild biological conditions. Inspired by these extraordinary characteristics, many scientists wondered about the possibility of designing new enzymes for industrially-relevant targets. Unfortunately, none of the current enzyme design strategies is able to rapidly design tailor-made enzymes at a reduced cost. This is limiting the general routine application of enzyme catalysis in industry, and thus the chemical manufacturing competitiveness. The goal of this project is to develop a fast yet accurate computational enzyme design approach for allowing the routine design of highly efficient enzymes. FASTEN combines computational chemistry, deep learning, graph theory, and computational geometry for controlling the complexity of enzyme catalysis in a new computational protocol that will capture the chemical steps and conformational changes that take place along the catalytic itinerary. Active site and distal activity-enhancing mutations are predicted based on correlation and co-evolutionary-based guidelines, and the catalytic potential of the new designs is estimated by means of geometry-based oracles. This new computational approach will be validated with the design of enzymes presenting complex conformational dynamics and multi-step mechanisms. The experimental evaluation of many of the designs will finally reveal the potential of this new approach for the fast routinely design of industrially-relevant enzymes. FASTEN has the potential of making the routine design of enzymes possible, thus improving our current lives and leading to a more sustainable world for our generations.

Mots-clés : computational enzyme design,molecular dynamics simulations,alphafold2,graph theory,quantum mechanics,computational geometry
Projet ERC : ClassifyDiseases (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Integrative B iology : from Genes and Genomes to S ystems
Entité participante : Université d'Aarhus — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1975333.0 €

Many common diseases are highly heterogeneous, meaning that two individuals can be diagnosed with the same disease but have very different progressions or respond very differently to the same medication. These heterogeneous diseases affect a sizeable proportion of the population. For example, approximately one in four people will develop a heterogeneous brain disorder (e.g., a neurological condition such as epilepsy or Parkinson’s Disease, or a psychiatric condition such as depression or schizophrenia)  To effectively treat a patient with a heterogeneous disease, it is necessary to quickly and accurately identify their subtype. At present, patient subtypes are decided using only clinical observations, and the process is highly suboptimal. For example, the available subtypes are often incomplete or poorly-defined, meaning that many patients are wrongly classified or can not be classified at all.  Previous research indicates that for many heterogeneous diseases, the classification of patients can be improved by incorporating genetic information. However, for this to become a reality, requires statistical tools that do not yet exist. My project will develop novel statistical tools for classifying heterogeneous diseases based on genetic information.  My project will prioritize classification of two heterogeneous diseases: epilepsy and schizophrenia. However, I will ensure that my new tools are general, freely available and easy-to-use, so that other groups can construct classification models for many other diseases. Overall, my project has the potential to revolutionize how patients with heterogeneous diseases are treated, and to facilitate more widespread use of precision medicine.

Mots-clés : statistical genetics,gwas,complex diseases,personalized medicine