Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : ClimateCountDown (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Environmental B iology, Ecology  and E volution
Entité participante : Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Inrae
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1998612.5 €

When will communities reach their upper thermal limits (i.e., their climate countdown)? A key challenge for ecology and conservation only to be addressed by understanding the biological processes driving community thermal limits and assessing how fast warming actually pushes communities to these limits and thus increases their vulnerability. The difference between upper thermal limit and habitat temperature is widely used to predict thermal vulnerability. Yet, existing models are mostly limited to single species and neglect key processes such as species interactions. To predict the thermal vulnerability of multi-trophic communities, we need to scale up thermal limits from species to community. This can only be done by answering four key questions: i) How do species interactions impact individual thermal limits? ii) How do acclimation and evolution influence community thermal limits? iii) How do temperature impacts on food web structure and community composition influence community thermal limits? iv) How does spatial heterogeneity in warming rates affect community’s vulnerability? To address these four key research questions I propose a novel integrative approach combining semi-natural aquatic experiments, temperature-dependent community models, analyses of 200 lake food webs and climatic projections. This ambitious research programme will evaluate how the evolutionary dynamics of each species, their interactions and food web structure collectively contribute to defining community thermal limits. It will predict the climate countdown of lake communities and test if the latter informs of biodiversity losses induced by climate warming.  This project will provide unprecedented insights on community thermal vulnerability by linking ecophysiology with community ecology. By uncovering the mechanisms of community thermal limits it will contribute to understanding how communities respond to climate change and provide a new means of predicting the future of biodiversity.

Mots-clés : thermal vulnerability,community ecology,climate change,food webs,thermal safety margin,aquatic ecology
Projet ERC : FoundationDX (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Integrative B iology : from Genes and Genomes to S ystems
Entité participante : University Medical Center Utrecht — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UMC
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2000000.0 €

Molecular diagnostics is crucial in fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine. While we are amidst an AI revolution, current machine learning models (ML) struggle to effectively learn from molecular (‘omics’) patient profiles and fail to make robust predictions. Perhaps this is not a surprise. After all, molecular disease biology is immensely complex, and we ask ML models to predict such complicated things as patient prognosis, without them ‘knowing’ anything about molecular biology and based on limited training data.  To address this, I will create foundation models on top of the vast troves of available biomolecular data, such as multi-omics profiles in healthy and diseased tissues, high-resolution single-cell data and biological knowledge graphs. This unique approach is driven by self-supervised learning (SSL), an important driver of AI, which offers the opportunity to learn a comprehensive representation of the multimodal biology of the cell – without the need for well-annotated patient data.  Starting from this strong basis, the FoundationDX model can then reliably predict cancer subtype or prognosis as it no longer needs to start from scratch on too high-dimensional, too low sample-size datasets. Effectively, we give our systems biological ‘common sense’, foregoing the need for millions of labeled training samples. This uniquely enables us to address one of the most clinically relevant questions: which treatment is best for the patient? The FoundationDX research program is designed to deliver key insights into how the SSL revolution can be used to drive progress in the field of molecular diagnostics. It contains a ‘clinical-grade’ benchmarking module and solves three urgent diagnostic challenges, including noninvasive subtyping of pediatric brain cancer. The time for powerful, robust and generalizable, knowledge-aware machine learning solutions to previously intractable molecular diagnostics problems has come. FoundationDX aims to deliver this.

Mots-clés : multi omics data integration,molecular diagnostics,machine learning for omics data,transfer learning,self supervised learning,representation learning
Projet ERC : TabulaRasa (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 490000.0 €

TabulaRasa takes the use of clay and wax tablets in the Ancient Near East, the Classical world, and Medieval to Early Modern Europe as the centerpiece of a comprehensive exploration of the role of rewritability in manuscript cultures. Across diverse societies, the recycling of written surfaces proves not only desirable but essential in contexts such as education, note-taking, literary creation, economy and administration. Its profound implications range from palaeographic developments to the acquisition of writing, memorization and composition practices, and aspects of data storage, information overload and resource recycling that persist to this day. Throughout history, the challenge of devising techniques for effortless reuse has sparked a wealth of clever solutions. Among these, clay and wax tablets can be considered paradigmatic: they played a key role in the history of writing from the third millennium BCE up to modern times, enabling effortless, unlimited rewriting without the need to add or subtract material. TabulaRasa takes them as a benchmark for an interdisciplinary, cross-cultural exploration of rewritability. It integrates codicology, palaeography and the study of manuscript cultures into a holistic historical framework, combining study of original artifacts, material analysis and experimentation. The primary objectives encompass a codicological understanding of clay and wax tablets as material objects, deciphering the biomechanics of inkless writing on clay and wax and its implications for palaeographic developments in cuneiform and Latin script, and comprehending the role of erasable media in key historical contexts. Complementing these integrated lines of inquiry, TabulaRasa will broaden its gaze to include a comparative analysis of re-writing practices, adding historical depth to ongoing research on e-ink and environmental sustainability, and providing a breakthrough in the understanding of a fundamental aspect of writing practices past and present.

Mots-clés : manuscript cultures,writing technologies,ancient near eastern studies,medieval studies,early modern studies,clay tablets,cuneiform,wax tablets,latin script,beeswax,palaeography,palimpsest studies,erasing and rewriting practices,information management
Projet ERC : MiGEM (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Campus Bio-Medico University — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UCBM
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1704625.0 €

The MiGEM proposal targets one of the remaining grand challenges in biomechanics: the development of a comprehensive, inter-scale, thermodynamically and energetically coherent multiphysics model of gastrointestinal (GI) motility. Despite the importance of gastrointestinal disorders as a primary global health problem, electromechanical modelling of gastrointestinal motility still presents significant theoretical and experimental limitations compared to more advanced fields such as cardiovascular bioengineering. Technical difficulties exist due to the intrinsic multiscale nature of gastrointestinal tissues, the coupling of multiple cell types and roles, and the combination of electrical and mechanical phenomena involving different energetic mechanisms. MiGEM has the potential to unlock new frontiers in GI research, addressing several state-of-the-art problems in gastrointestinal motility and opening unprecedented opportunities in novel subject-specific therapies. By adopting a rigorous theoretical-experimental scientific approach, MiGEM will advance state-of-the-art gastrointestinal theoretical modelling and experimental measurements, unveiling fundamental energetic mechanisms that govern stomach and intestine motility in health and disease. MiGEM will enable the first calorimetric measurement of tissue sample from the GI tract and create a new path in biomechanical modelling by assimilating innovative data into multiscale thermodynamic models. The project will create a new network of scientists with complementary experimental and modelling skills, fostering cross-fertilization, providing senior-to-junior methodological transfer, and supporting gender balance. The scientific experience of the PI, the formal membership to the project of the ABI, University of Auckland, and the multiple scientific collaborations that the PI has engaged for many years will be the key elements to successfully carry out an ambitious and high-risk project.

Mots-clés : gastrointestinal motility multiscale and multiphysics electromechanics energetics heat production measurements theoretical and computational modelling
Projet ERC : BlackHoleWeather (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Modène et de Reggio Emilie — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UNIMORE
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999956.0 €

BlackHoleWeather aims to unify the astrophysics of black-hole (BH) feeding and feedback within cosmic structures, in one comprehensive theory that leverages novel high-performance simulations, fundamental gas physics, and timely multiwavelength observations.  Most of the ordinary matter in the Universe is in the form of a tenuous gas which fills galaxies, groups, and clusters of galaxies (circumgalactic, intragroup, and intracluster medium). Such cosmic atmospheres are shaped by complex thermo-hydrodynamical processes - akin to Earth weather - with the central BH acting as cosmic thermostat over scales of 9 orders of magnitude. We have entered a Golden Age of multiphase gas detections continuously discovering ionized filaments (optical/UV), neutral gas (IR/21cm), and molecular clouds (radio) which condense out of the hot X-ray halos or that are ejected via BH feedback.  We will tackle key challenges of modern astrophysics: what is the origin and evolution of the macro precipitation; how the multiphase rain (or chaotic cold accretion) is fed down through the BH horizon; how matter/energy is re-ejected back by the BH and deposited via multiphase outflows, jets and radiation; what is the role of dust, turbulence, stars, and cosmic rays; and how the self-regulated BH feeding-feedback loop shapes galaxies throughout cosmic time.  Bridging BH feeding and feedback via ab-initio, multi-scale (mpc to Mpc), and first-principle physics (magnetohydrodynamics, transport, chemistry, cosmology) is ambitious, yet it is a zero-to-one leap that current astrophysics must undertake, and whose public datasets will provide invaluable legacy for many astronomical communities. BlackHoleWeather is a frontier yet feasible project, exploiting the timely convergence of our groundbreaking massively-parallel GPU code (GAMER2) and our ongoing multifrequency observing programs (e.g., Chandra, XMM, HST, ALMA, MUSE, JWST, SOFIA, MeerKAT).

Mots-clés : black holes active galactic nuclei feeding,feedback magnetohydrodynamic simulations x ray optical radio observations galaxies,groups,clusters intracluster intragroup circumgalactic medium
Projet ERC : SOVEREIGNTY (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Elte human tudomanyok kutatokozpontja — Pays : Hongrie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ELTE Research Centre for the Humanities
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1990500.0 €

Why does the modern state, with its claim to sovereignty, care so much about secularization and (re)sacralization? In order to address this question, the project examines the (pre)history of the conflict-ridden relationship between transnational institutions and the modern state and also the players who stood at the point of intersection of the two by analysing the shifts in relations between the state and one of the oldest transnational institutions in the world, the Catholic Church. The project examines the conflicts between church and state and the various processes involved in attempts to address these conflicts first and foremost by studying the history of the oaths of loyalty that the (chief) pastors of the Catholic Church were obliged to take and the tensions which arose because of these conflicts in the Habsburg Monarchy and its successor states between 1780 and 1990. Oaths of loyalty to the state bear the marks of the changing relationships between the nation state and the transnational Catholic Church and were generated directly through the negotiations of sovereignty among these actors. The project will offer a comprehensive interpretation of oaths of loyalty in the context of Josephinism, nation building, and communism and their transformations in the context of the shifting relationships of the national, state, and transnational loyalties. Thus, it will provide much needed tools for a longue durée and comparative analysis of state-church relations in Central Eastern Europe. It will also discuss patterns of continuity and discontinuity between the church policy of different regimes, the common and different features of the role of Catholicism in nation building, and the related change of function of the Catholic hierarchy among the peoples of the Habsburg Monarchy. On the plane of global history, it will offer new insights into the roots and the prehistory of the conflicted relationship between transnational institutions and state sovereignty.

Mots-clés : secularism,politics and religion,nationalism,church and state
Projet ERC : EnCUENTA (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Glasgow — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1998869.0 €

Despite emphatic political rhetoric promising just energy transitions, the harsh reality of energy poverty in Europe remains a stark contradiction. Vulnerable communities are not only largely excluded and sometimes negatively impacted by the energy transition but are increasingly facing a reality where living without energy is their new norm due to worsening socioeconomic and infrastructural conditions, with significant societal impacts. These energy divides manifest in the use of alternative fuels for heating (such as firewood and household waste), forced energy rationing, and dangerous coping strategies. However, these issues are absent from mainstream indicators due to the dominance of narrow techno-economic frameworks that fail to account for the complexities of energy poverty, leading many people to fall through the cracks of measurement and policy. Drawing on an unprecedented combination of complexity theory, energy justice, policy science, phenomenology, behavioural science, data feminism, and intersectionality, EnCUENTA pursues five objectives: 1) Create a ground-breaking new multi-dimensional, multi-scalar theoretical framework of energy poverty that considers individual, institutional, and infrastructural factors; 2) Document a diverse range of energy poverty drivers and adaptive coping strategies across ten European locations; 3) Assess the gaps and data injustices found within official energy poverty indicators, and trial innovative new lived experience-derived indicators across 5 national surveys; 4) Trace the path dependencies that give rise to the current energy policy landscapes at the pan-European and national scales, and explore policymaker views and biases; 5) Accelerate inclusive policy design across Europe via experimental randomised controlled trials of policymaker debiasing interventions, alongside recommendations for institutional reforms and new indicators that are fit for purpose in ensuring no one is left behind in European energy policy.

Mots-clés : energy poverty,fuel poverty
Projet ERC : BrainCRISPR (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention,  Diagnosis and T reatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Université Bar-Ilan — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : BIU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2249895.0 €

Genetic brain diseases are among the most devastating and fatal diseases, typically having only palliative treatments and no cure. The revolutionary CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology provides a new horizon and enormous potential for treating such diseases. However, efficient and safe delivery of CRISPR machinery to diseased cells within the brain is one of the greatest challenges in medicine today. Here, I plan to expand far beyond the state-of-the-art, and propose a game-changer approach for this unmet need: A breakthrough nanoplatform, which will transform CRISPR into a clinically-relevant, non-invasive technology, enabling therapeutic genome editing in the brain. Our proof-of-concept results serve as the baseline of this pioneering research project, revealing the exceptional capabilities of insulin as a key to overcoming formidable brain and cell barriers. We will harness these unique abilities within the novel nanoplatform, and shuttle CRISPR machinery across the blood-brain barrier, transport it into deep brain regions, and mediate its successful entry into specific diseased brain cells, leading to highly effective gene editing. The nanoplatform will be designed to meet key criteria for non-invasive, safe and efficient delivery of CRISPR to the brain, while conferring a high degree of modularity and compositional heterogeneity - thus providing both universal and patient-specific components. The nanoplatform will be thoroughly investigated in primary brain cells, 3D organoids, and case-studies of monogenic brain disease models. This comprehensive research will culminate with a universal and modular BrainCRISPR nanoplatform, and delineate design principles for its precise tailoring to specific needs of different brain diseases. Overall, this research will provide in-depth fundamental knowledge and have a transformative effect on applying CRISPR in brain, whilst opening a wide array of possibilities with broader impact on genetic brain therapy and beyond.

Mots-clés : nanoparticles for drug delivery,nanotechnology,nanomedicine,crispr,drug delivery to the brain
Projet ERC : NCANTO (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université de technologie de Delft — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Delft
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999021.0 €

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are unique platforms for studying fundamental science. They bridge the gap between the world of atomic scale dynamics and the world of macroscopic mechanical vibrations. Owing to their small size, they can enable exploration of research areas that lie at the forefront of classical and quantum technologies. But at the same time, their noisy and nonlinear nature limits their performance. This combination of fluctuations and nonlinearities brings to light a new regime of mechanics that has remained largely untapped, and that, if well-understood, can open a wide range of trajectories in high-performance sensing and lab-on-a chip devices. NCANTO aims at elucidating this strong interplay between nonlinearities and noise at the atomic scale, and will leverage the acquired knowledge to engineer 2D nanomechanical devices that (i) offer extreme frequency stability, and (ii) enable robust and highly-sensitive single-cell sensing. To realize this vision, I will explore the influence of a range of nonlinear dynamic phenomena on two important noise sources, namely frequency fluctuations and biological noise. My approach will combine state-of-the-art modelling and experimental techniques to deliver novel designs that utilize nonlinear dynamic phenomena at their core. These designs will quench frequency noise in 2D resonators for breakthrough performance on the one hand, and will enhance biological rhythms at the single-cell level for robust drug screening on the other. By linking stochastic dynamics, nanomechanics, nonlinear dynamics and structural optimization, I will develop a multidisciplinary research area that will enable a ground-breaking leap forward in the utilisation of 2D materials as nonlinear sensors in frequency-based metrology and bio-health. NCANTO will thus not only herald new frontiers in nanomechanics but will also open new routes towards engineering nanotools for rapid screening tests in drug development and personalised medicine.

Mots-clés : nanomechanics,2d materials,nonlinear dynamics,noise,frequency fluctuations,biological nanomotion