Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : MEMLANG (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : Université d'Utrecht — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999500.0 €

To be able to talk and to understand each other, we have to continuously store and retrieve linguistic information. In linguistics, the dominant approach to studying the processes of storing and recall of linguistic information from short-term memory assumes that we can access all items in parallel and that the most highly activated items are the most likely to be retrieved. Activation, in turn, can be boosted by the requirements of the current cognitive context. This model is related to theories of memory developed independently of linguistics. In linguistics, it has been supported by rich research on production and comprehension. The model, however, has been applied very narrowly. It focuses only on the recall of some syntactic items, for instance, the recall of arguments during the processing of a verb. Other functions of memory fall outside the approach. The project’s core idea is that the memory model can be applied to many other cases in which memory has a decisive role. We will do this by linking the model to theories of other language phenomena developed in linguistics, cognitive sciences and artificial intelligence. First, we will link it to computational models of lexical knowledge, which will enable us to fully and formally represent what the current cognitive context is and to build an indiscriminate and general approach to memory access. Second, we will link it to computational models of grammatical knowledge to understand how we store and recall grammatical rules. Finally, we will link it to discourse theories to have an analysis of storage and recall of textual information. The project will lead to a new view on the memory model, one that is general and cross-domain. It will provide a more principled account of how memory affects language, will give us a new insight into why the theories of lexical knowledge, grammatical knowledge and discourse theories work, and it will make it possible to tie together accounts that are often treated as independent.

Mots-clés : syntactic processing,semantic processing,computational models of memory in language,cue based retrieval,vector space models,computational cognitive modeling,eye tracking,self paced reading
Projet ERC : JEUX (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université d'Oslo — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UiO
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1984779.0 €

Literary games were a wide-spread practice in seventeenth-century France, and prominent novelists wrote fictions about a salon company playing the “game of the novel” (jeu du roman). While literary games were clearly defined, the novel was a genre that had yet to establish its standards. In order to enhance our understanding of a decisive period for the novel (1600-1700), this project proposes to study how authors model their own practice creatively through play. JEUX is the first comprehensive, systematic investigation of literary games and their impact on the development of the standards for the most prominent literary genre today – the novel. JEUX thereby takes a ground-breaking perspective on the novel in the making. The main objectives are to (1) analyse systematically the impact of early-modern literary games on the narrative standards for fictional worlds, formal coherence and narrators in the novel; (2) identify how literary games contribute to the self-theorising of a new genre; (3) re-evaluate the role of play and games in writing literary history. Using an innovative combination of literary theory, game studies, narratology and anthropological fieldwork, JEUX goes beyond traditional metaphors of literature as a kind of gameplay and investigates an actual literary game from theoretical, historical and empirical perspectives. To assess play as practice, JEUX will invite creative-writing students to play early-modern games and, thereby, pioneer a new methodological approach to explore cultural practices as a potential site for creativity, innovation and community also in the contemporary world.  JEUX will sharpen current understanding of decisive developments in the form, poetics and history of the novel. It will enhance our grasp of the dynamics between games and narratives and contribute to the rediscovery of the cultural heritage of literary games. Through the investigation of the neglected corpus of evidence, JEUX will tell a new history of the novel.
Projet ERC : MESHOPTO (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Materials Engineering
Entité participante : Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : Inserm
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 28707.5 €

Visual sense is vital for all of us. Blindness has severe negative psychological, social, and economical consequences, and degeneration of photoreceptors is a leading cause of it. Photovoltaic retina implants are the current electronic solution to restore vision loss due to photoreceptor degeneration. Since the state-of-the-art implants are based on photodiodes, which face challenges in terms of miniaturization, efficiency, and compatibility with mechanical and structural properties of the retina, artificial vision still falls short to overcome the legal blindness level. We propose a novel concept of Retinal Mesh Optoelectronics that will simultaneously satisfy (a) high-pixel density for high visual acuity, (b) conformability to match the natural curvature of the retina for optimal vision quality, (c) flexibility for coverage of a large area of the retina for a wide field of view, (d) seamless integration to keep the remaining healthy photoreceptors intact, (e) biocompatibility, (f) usage of safe capacitive current, (g) injectability and (h) removability. Toward this aim, we will initially develop efficient, thin, and cellular-sized photovoltaic neural interfaces based on quantum dots and nanowires. For that, non-toxic quantum dots that have strong light absorption at near-infrared will be synergized with the nanowires that have unique light-trapping and high surface area for efficient photostimulation of neurons. Then, we will translate these devices to porous and flexible tissue-like retinal implants for artificial vision. Starting from the nanomaterial synthesis to optoelectronic device fabrication and bioelectronic mesh formation, this challenging innovation combining nanomaterials, photonics and abiotic-biotic interfaces will be explored from primary neurons up to in-vivo experimental models of photoreceptor degeneration in order to move the results toward clinical application.

Mots-clés : quantum dot,nanowire,neural interface
Projet ERC : ImmunoChip (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and Communication Engineering
Entité participante : Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : HZDR
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1993875.0 €

Every day cancer takes about 30000 lives worldwide, despite multiple treatments developed in the last 50 years. True revolution in the therapy is demonstrated by the immunooncology relying on multiple routes to activate the immune system, using e.g. Chimeric Antigen Receptors, checkpoints inhibitors. Although demonstrating success in the treatment of e.g. lymphoma, the percentage of patients responding to the immunotherapy is less than 30%. Even more, the activation of immune system does not happen at no cost, leading to severe auto-immune reactions, sometimes with lethal consequences. Therefore, the main question of clinicians is: how to efficiently predict the response/no-response of the patient to the immunotherapy? At present, there is no predictive technological platform combining both, highly sensitive analysis of the cancer immunity and the planning of the strategy for potential therapy. I consider cancer as a smart self-adapting machine that plays its own set of rules: it generates and quenches the biochemical signals; initiates the iterative loops and builds up feedback controls to create an immune suppressive environment. My idea is to digitalize these mechanisms. ‘ImmunoChip’ will develop a device combining microfluidics with the specific nanosensory network to study elements of the cancer-immunity cycle to bring a new dimension in the field of preclinical immunotherapeutic cancer phenotyping. The information about the immunosuppressive activity of the cancer microenvironment, immune checkpoints, T cells, efficiency of the immunotherapy, will be collected into respective data patterns. The developed ‘ImmunoChip’ platform will help to answer the questions: can the patient be treated with the immunotherapy? How does the tumor protect itself? Which immunotherapy to use? I am sure that improved decision-making in immunotherapy will lead to a transformative treatment results for more patients and will help to save more lives.

Mots-clés : nanosensorics,immunotherapy,cancer,biosensors
Projet ERC : NEWWORLD (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université de Pavie — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999663.0 €

This project undertakes the first comprehensive investigation of early modern ecology. NEWWORLD counters the standard historiographical argument that ecological concern is a recent phenomenon. A key element in that claim is the assumption that the terminology of environmental care is recent: the term 'ecology' was invented in the 19th century by Ernst Haeckel; 'sustainability' is a 20th-century coinage; 'the environment' was used for the first time in English by Thomas Carlyle in 1827. Yet, these terms that now help to define ecological sensibilities arose from long-lasting debates. The leading claim of this project is that early modernity was a particularly fertile period for ecological reflection. NEWWORLD proposes an innovative methodology to capture the breadth and philosophical substance of early modern ecological debates: it proceeds from present-day terms to construct terminological and conceptual constellations in early modern texts. It uses a technique that historians (of philosophy) label 'controlled anachronism', and which this project aims to fully exploit for the first time on a large scale. The objectives, subdivided into the four main areas 'Environment', 'Pollution', 'Sustainability', and 'Ecological Justice', involve tracing a symbiotic connection between metaphysical, natural-philosophical, religious, and ethical ideas. NEWWORLD will both reveal the specificities of early modern thought on ecological matters, and pioneer a dialogue with ecological debates as we know them today. The project's main output will be a multi-volume philosophical history of environmental care in the early modern period. This will be complemented by the curation of an exhibition, featuring 3D models of cosmographical images and projections of early modern plans for ideal cities, showing them to be laboratories of ecological views. NEWWORLD seeks to offer a new paradigm for the intervention of the history of philosophy in present-day debates on ecology, and beyond.

Mots-clés : early modern philosophy,ecology,sustainability,pollution,ecological justice,utopia,controlled anachronisms
Projet ERC : MEFHISTO (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention,  Diagnosis and T reatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Université Vie-Santé Saint-Raphaël — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 936875.0 €

Inflammation is a complex spectrum of processes whose outcomes range from cell killing to tissue regeneration. In this context, a major goal in immune oncology is the development of treatments that stimulate cytotoxic immunity while limiting repair in the tumor microenvironment (TME), as these approaches have the potential to synergize with available immunotherapies and provide benefit to otherwise resistant patients. Pancreatic cancer is a largely incurable disease, in which aberrant inflammation and profound immune suppression conspire to sustain disease initiation, progression, and immune escape. Accumulating evidence supports the view that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key orchestrators of the balance between cytotoxicity and regeneration, and thus represent promising therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer. In MEFHISTO, we aim at elucidating the molecular control, the functional implications, and the therapeutic potential of the PGE2-MEF2A axis, a newly described pathway enabling selective control of inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. By combining advanced genomic analyses in human samples, functional experiments in preclinical models, and mechanistic studies in key cell types, this Proposal will expand our knowledge of the organizing principles of innate immune responses in tumors. The ensuing results may lead to novel combinatorial treatments for diseases, such as pancreatic cancer, that are refractory to immunotherapy.

Mots-clés : macrophages inflammation genomics
Projet ERC : TransNeuroFate (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Entité participante : Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Inserm
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1009438.75 €

The cerebral cortex is a central structure of the mammalian brain, characterized by a remarkable diversity of neuronal types. Understanding the origin of the extraordinary neuronal diversity is fundamental to understand how cortical architecture and functions emerge during development and remains a critical challenge in cellular and molecular neurobiology. While the efforts have been focused on transcriptional control, evidence for regulation at the translational level is emerging. I hypothesize that translational control, albeit overlooked, acts in a combinatorial fashion with transcriptional induction to regulate gene expression programs during cortical patterning. I have demonstrated an intimate functional link between cortical development and pools of mature transfer RNA (tRNAs), the major determinant of translation. I, therefore, propose to address how translational control, through the modulation of the availability of mature translationally competent tRNAs, fine-tunes gene expression programs during lineage progression, thereby regulating neuronal diversity. Studying this yet unexplored question should unravel a hitherto unrecognized level of neuronal fate identity determination in the cerebral cortex. We will combine ribosome profiling, mRNA and tRNA deep sequencing, screening of genetic perturbation and gene manipulation in vivo in the mouse embryonic cortex to i) uncover the specific translational programs that influence neuronal lineages progression; ii) determine how tRNA repertoires (both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels) are shaped to meet the specific translational needs of different cell types during corticogenesis and iii) validate the functional importance of fluctuation in mature tRNA content during cortical development. This project should bring conceptual advances in the understanding of brain development mechanisms that could be instrumental to interpret the pathological mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Mots-clés : cortical neurogenesis,neuronal diversity,transcriptional priming,translational control,trnas
Projet ERC : AdjacenSEA (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Consolidator grants)
Entité participante : Université d'Aalborg — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2180476.0 €

Background: Scholars have long grappled with the complexity of governing oceans and coasts, seeking to balance coastal inhabitants and seafaring nations with the dilemma: Who shall benefit from the sea? Privileging local, embedded coastal actors over global, mobile entities is central to the debate on adjacency; however, little conceptual innovation has addressed adjacency or how benefits are allocated. Objective: AdjacenSEA investigates the power of adjacency claims employed by coastal actors to assert their authority over area, access, and benefits (AAAB) of their seas and coasts. To achieve this, the project poses four research questions to address: articulations of adjacency, resistance logics within AAAB claims, discursive power of adjacency, and the potential of these to reimagine the position of local communities within marine governance. Approach: AdjacenSEA adopts an ambitious abductive research paradigm whereby its novel, synthesized theoretical framework of dimensions of adjacency, AAAB, and power will be evidenced through multi-site, comparative case studies. Case studies draw data from coastal communities navigating 1) tourism-driven gentrification, 2) offshore wind energy, and 3) blue carbon restoration. Data will be collected via mobile interviews and photovoice in addition to ethnographic fieldwork in three coastal regions. Using these innovative, participatory methods enables researchers to recognize the emplaced and embodied aspects of adjacency. Both thematic and discourse analyses will be used to answer the research questions. Impact: One of AdjacenSEA’s groundbreaking ambitions is to build a rich (qualitative) dataset and innovate the tradition of discourse analysis by taking it out from behind desk and into the field. AdjacenSEA will advance our understanding of whether coastal communities can mobilize adjacency and how these mobilizations enable or constrain sustainability transitions.

Mots-clés : marine social science,marine affairs,political ecology,blue economy,marine governance,coastal studies,maritime anthropology,coastal communities
Projet ERC : InterCoding (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Consolidator grants)
Entité participante : Université Ben Gourion du Néguev — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : BGU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2000000.0 €

Error Correcting Codes (ECCs) address a fundamental question: how can we ensure reliable data transmission over unreliable channels? Since Shannon’s pioneering 1948 work, seven decades of research have created a rich theoretical framework with practical impacts across diverse fields.  Today, communication systems are no longer just about transmitting information. Instead, they often involve interactive processes requiring multiple exchanges between participants, as seen in cloud computing, cryptographic protocols, and distributed systems.   \begin{quote}  \textbf{This proposal focuses on crafting interactive error-correcting codes and uncovering their fundamental limits.} \end{quote}  Our research revisits the fundamental ECC problems in interactive contexts, aiming to address key challenges, including: \begin{enumerate}  \item Determining the rate-distance trade-off for reliable data transmission.  \item Investigating rate-distance trade-off for general interactive protocols \item Developing error-resilient protocols for distributed computing. \end{enumerate}  We will explore both classical questions in interactive communication and uniquely interactive challenges, including the creation of adaptive coding schemes with enhanced performance over static alternatives.  By integrating concepts from diverse fields, this work seeks to advance the interdisciplinary understanding of error correction in interactive settings.  Given the success of classical ECCs and the growing importance of interaction in modern applications, we are confident that advancing the theory of \textbf{interactive error-correcting codes} will drive transformative progress.

Mots-clés : error correcting codes,information theory,interactive communication
Projet ERC : ANTHEFT (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Vienne — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Uni Wien
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1853329.0 €

Driving from the airport towards the Kazakh capital Nur-Sultan will carry the passenger past the new EXPO building with its permanent exhibition on Kazakhstan’s bright future of smart green energy while in the distance the skyscraper silhouette of the ultra-modern city centre is clouded in smog. In Kazakhstan as elsewhere in Central Asia, the future of the country’s industrial heritage polarises the public. In the 20th century, Central Asia was transformed into a hub of rapid industrialisation but mining and industrial towns experienced a critical time with collapsing industries and infrastructure during the 1990s. This not only left people economically vulnerable but touched at the very core of local identity in a socio-cultural setting where urbanity epitomises civilisation, modernity, culturedness and wellbe-ing. Simultaneously, the environmental costs of resource extraction and industrial production became visible. Calls for a global shift towards reducing environmental impact also resonate in post-socialist countries, often in a top-down manner. The voices of those living in and with these places are rarely heard. Juxtaposing different experiences raises questions of environmental justice, future livelihoods and feelings of nostalgia for different pasts. This is where ANTHEFT comes in. ANTHEFT pursues three objectives at the interface of work and environment in polluted landscapes: 1) identify temporalities, affects, future(s) and memory, 2) de-scribe discursive strategies by which local communities express and make sense of their so-cio-economic and environmental histories and identities, 3) analyse local understandings and morali-ties of environmental damage, progress, good living and place-making. ANTHEFT is a ground-breaking project that proposes to venture into a long durée, translocal research on Central Asian industrial work and environment from the late 18th century to the present incorporating disparate memories, perspec-tives and experiences.

Mots-clés : environmental anthropology and history,post soviet asia,industrial work,environmental pollution,multiple memories,gis