Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : SUPREMUM (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : USC
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

SUPREMUM aims to develop and theoretically study innovative structure-preserving (SP) numerical methods to solve challenging non-linear hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDE) modelling continuum mechanics. The ultimate groundbreaking goal consists on devising the first existing numerical methods simultaneously verifying at the discrete level all structural properties of the continuous models: provable thermodynamical compatibility, so that the systems satisfy an extra conservation law for the total energy in order to rigorously prove non-linear stability; conservation of equilibrium solutions, needed to perform very long-time stable simulations; verification of natural involution constraints, of the divergence and curl type; and preservation of the asymptotic limits, arising for some characteristic scales tending to zero. We will devise efficient high order numerical schemes combining different families of numerical methods on unstructured staggered grids configurations, leading to the advance of fundamental mathematical knowledge on numerical analysis. The use of an arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian approach will allow the design of an efficient and accurate fluid structure interaction (FSI) solver based on the unified hyperbolic Godunov-Peshkov-Romenski (GPR) model of continuum mechanics able to represent both solids and fluids. Fundamental progress in practical applications of the developed methodologies will initially target the design of a monolithic approach for the simulation of entire cardiovascular systems, coupling 1D blood flow models to the 3D FSI approach. Finally, we will build the bridge between SP methods for hyperbolic PDEs and reduced order modelling (ROM) breaking the frontiers of present research to obtain a novel SP-ROM approach for conservation laws founded on a solid mathematical background. The investigations pursued will impact digital transformation opening new research avenues in numerical analysis, engineering and biomedicine.

Mots-clés : structure preserving numerical methods thermodynamical compatibility finite volume schemes continuous and discontinuous galerkin finite element schemes reduced order modelling unstructured grids hyperbolic partial differential equations fluid structure interaction godunov peshkov romenski model continuum mechanics
Projet ERC : EDINCLUSION (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Individuals, Markets and Organisations
Entité participante : École d'économie de Stockholm — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : SSE
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 801250.0 €

Social and economic stratification of schools can hurt both the equity and effectiveness of education systems. These concerns are exacerbated in settings where private schools account for a significant share of enrolment, as is the case in India - where nearly half the population attends a fee-charging private school. The EDINCLUSION project proposes an ambitious research agenda focused on understanding and improving school integration in India - which is the world’s largest school system, and also among the most unequal. The agenda focuses on studying and improving the impact of India’s landmark school integration policy, under the Right to Education Act 2009, which mandates that 25% of places in private schools should be reserved for students from disadvantaged economic and caste backgrounds (with the government reimbursing fees). This is likely the world’s largest-ever school integration initiative, affecting several times as many children as school desegregation initiatives in the US in the 1960s. Yet, despite its importance, there is remarkably little research on either the impact of this policy or on ways to improve its effectiveness.  The proposal features three work packages to address these gaps: (a) an assessment of effects on current beneficiaries, identified using the lottery-based allocation of seats in oversubscribed schools, (b) identifying approaches to encourage applications from poorer eligible students, evaluated through two multi-armed randomized control trials, and (c) a systematic understanding of private school markets using innovative survey design methods, panel data and exogenous policy-induced variation for identification. The results of this research program will generate ground-breaking evidence on (i) the effectiveness of this large school integration program (ii) identify scalable ways to improve its effectiveness and (iii) generate fundamental insights about the functioning of urban school markets in developing countries.

Mots-clés : affirmative action social inclusion education student learning india
Projet ERC : MW-WINDS (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1026250.0 €

Massive stars and black holes in galaxies work together to launch multiphase, gaseous winds at velocities of hundreds of kilometres per second. These galactic winds play a fundamental role in the evolution of galaxies, as they regulate the formation of new stars by transferring gas from the disk to the surroundings. Despite the recognised importance of these phenomena, the physical processes behind them and their actual impact on the life of different types of galaxies are still unclear, mainly because observations in external galaxies lack the spatial resolution to study in detail these winds and to constrain theoretical models.  This ERC project will rectify this situation by using the Milky Way and its main satellites, the Magellanic Clouds, as the closest wind laboratories in the Universe. A unique and powerful combination of observational and theoretical techniques will be used for this project. New, high-resolution, multi-wavelength data from forefront telescopes will be exploited to explore the nature of multiphase material traveling within winds in different galactic environments with unprecedented accuracy, reaching sub-pc resolution in the Milky Way and pc resolution in the Magellanic Clouds. Observational measurements will be accompanied by advanced theoretical modelling and state-of-the-art hydrodynamical simulations, which will ensure the most accurate interpretation of the data and will provide new invaluable insights on the physics of galactic winds.  This project will reveal 1) the detailed physical conditions of multi-phase gas in outflows, 2) the origin and physical mechanisms that drive these winds, 3) the connection with galactic environment, 4) the broader impact on the evolution of different host galaxies. These are all critical aspects to understand the role of galactic winds in shaping the galaxies that we see today. The outcome of this ground-breaking project has therefore the potential to add a key piece to the puzzle of galaxy evolution.

Mots-clés : galactic outflows,galactic centre,magellanic clouds,emission line observations
Projet ERC : QOMUNE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and Communication Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1498750.0 €

Quantum Internet will allow unprecedented applications that will dramatically change our lives, spanning from quantum secured communications to distributed quantum simulations, i.e., ultra-precise clock synchronisation, quantum secured identification, efficient distribution of data and energy, quantum sensors and secure access to quantum devices in the cloud. The main technical limitations currently restricting the range of applicability of the quantum internet are the intrinsic rate-distance limit and the extremely difficult coexistence with the present classical telecommunication infrastructure. Present quantum communication systems mainly use a two-dimensional encoding scheme (qubit) as information unit, which is very fragile and susceptible to external noise. In fact, due to decoherence processes, caused by the interaction with the external environment, the ability of the adopted qubits to remain in superposition and/or in an entangled state is severely jeopardised. On the contrary, by adopting multidimensional quantum states (qudit), which are by nature more robust to noise owing to their higher information efficiency, the potential to realise the quantum internet is within our grasp. QOMUNE intends to build and test the constituents for a Quantum Internet based on multidimensional quantum states, by combining new technological advances with unconventional quantum interference. QOMUNE envisages a novel scheme for the generation, transmission and interference of qudits, which are fundamental actions of a quantum network. Photonic integrated quantum sources combined with multicore deployed fibres and pioneering design of efficient and scalable multidimensional quantum interference will be adopted for the realisation of QOMUNE building blocks. QOMUNE’s objectives and results will redefine the state-of-the-art of Quantum Internet in terms of tolerance to noise in a realistic scenario and coexistence with the worldwide telecommunication infrastructure.

Mots-clés : quantum communication quantum networks,high dimensional quantum systems multidimensional quantum state
Projet ERC : VeNiss (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 101770.84 €

In the historical tradition, Venice is a city without walls and gates, and hence lacking suburbs. VeNiss reverses this trope by examining the urban, political, and cultural patterns connecting the capital with the chain of over sixty islands forming its lagoon fringes. Investigation of their integral role in Venice's spatial practices establishes a ground-breaking approach for the study of historic cities' margins as connective tissues, a subject seldom tackled by urban scholars. Reframing Venice within its archipelago, this project addresses that gap and explores the impact of urban edges on city planning, economic dependence, social responsiveness, and artistic production. From the 16th century, Venice became critically conscious of the granular nature of its hinterland, constructing a governance that involved the islands. Lagoon sites were systematically included in the network of capillary infrastructures for the city's supply, defence, and healthcare as well as civic rituals. Cultural entanglements sometimes bypassed the city, as novel lagoon architectural solutions permeated the Italian Peninsula through the agency of religious communities. Maps, atlases, and books of islands published on and in Venice helped consolidate the capital's archipelagic thinking into a coherent framework. VeNiss sheds light on this physical and theoretical construct –abruptly interrupted by the fall of the Venetian Republic (1797)– through a holistic project which combines social history, architecture, art and literary studies with advanced digital technologies. Coupling close archival readings with modelling systems, it proposes a pioneering methodology to reconstruct the islands' transformations alongside their interwoven relationships in a geographically- and temporally-based digital environment. VeNiss will constitute a crucial contribution to Venetian history while providing a valuable model for future urban studies seeking to visualise dispersed places through time and space.

Mots-clés : urban history history of venice digital heritage reconstruction digital knowledge representation
Projet ERC : UNMASCC-HP (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Materials Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Linköping — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Functional materials with outstanding technological properties can be found under extreme pressures and temperatures. This is particularly true for nitrides and hydrides, where the application of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) conditions has recently revealed an unexpectedly rich and complex chemistry and enabled the synthesis of compounds showing outstanding mechanical and electronic properties with applications in electronics, hard coatings, hydrogen storage, superconductivity and many more. However, great challenges remain to be conquered in order to truly explore the possibilities permitted by these exotic materials. Indeed, their properties often vanish when brought back to ambient conditions, either because the atomic arrangement or the underlying physical processes becomes energetically unfavourable. Moreover, the importance of finite-T effects and the structural and dynamical complexity of these HPHT phases, prohibit computations so far from efficiently guiding experimental synthesis. The goal of this project is to provide the computational tools for guiding the efficient and targeted synthesis of next-generation technological materials, including the choice of synthesis conditions and precursor materials. We will search for materials retaining their functional properties under decompression or are directly synthesizable at ambient pressure. To accomplish this, we will develop a work flow based on machine learning inter-atomic potentials to numerically explore experimental synthesis conditions at ab-initio accuracy. This will enable an analysis of thermodynamic competition between different phases at HPHT and rigorous benchmarking against experiments to ensure that we truly portray nature's behaviour.This project will open up uncharted horizons for exploiting pressure and temperature as thermodynamic variables to explore new chemistry and synthesis pathways, ultimately guiding experiments towards industrially relevant novel technological materials.

Mots-clés : materials modeling from first principles,nitrides,hydrides,extreme conditions,machine learning inter atomic potentials,density functional theory,computational material exploration
Projet ERC : UnaWireD (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : Université de Modène et de Reggio Emilie — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UNIMORE
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1164090.0 €

Why is the diseased human brain able to produce false beliefs that persist despite evidence to the contrary? Unawareness of neurological disturbances (anosognosia) and Delusions are examples of such false beliefs. Both have productive, narrative features. Both have been independently linked to processes involved in self-reflection, metamemory, and error-monitoring. Despite their phenomenological similarities, the research investigating their mechanisms has progressed independently. UnaWireD will provide the first in-depth investigation of anosognosia and delusions in combination to test the hypothesis that they share common brain mechanisms. Although these symptoms impact significantly on a range of brain disorders, the proposal focuses on Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), in which the difference between patients who show the most severe form of these symptoms and patients who never present them is striking yet largely unexplained. In particular, it is not known whether these symptoms represent a response of the spared brain to the damage (depending on pre-existing vulnerability or resilience) or are a consequence of the damage itself (depending on type, localisation and severity of pathology). By combining advanced imaging with experimental paradigms and extended clinical and biomarker characterisation, UnaWireD will: 1. Establish whether anosognosia and delusions define a specific clinical subtype in AD; 2. Determine if they are associated with premorbid personality and cognitive abilities; 3. Identify the brain networks specifically altered in the anosognosia/delusion AD subtype; 4.Test if anosognosia is associated with an imbalance in the brain neurotransmitter dopamine. UnaWireD will deliver a new framework to study the interplay between the spared and damaged brain in the origin of productive symptoms across neurological diseases. By doing so, it will open a window towards a better understanding of the uniquely human abilities of self-reflection and consciousness

Mots-clés : anosognosia,delusions,functional mri,self reflection,cognitive reserve,premorbid personality,alzheimer s disease
Projet ERC : QUDITS (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : Université d'Innsbruck — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499790.0 €

Quantum processors have taken the binary paradigm of classical computing to the quantum realm and are starting to outperform the best classical devices. Yet, neither the underlying quantum information carriers, nor many of the targeted problems naturally fit into this two-level paradigm. In this project, I aim to break this paradigm. Instead of restricting the rich Hilbert space of trapped ions to only two levels, the proposed research will make full use of the multi-level (qudit) structure as a resource for quantum information processing. This will unlock unused potential within quantum processors and bring near-term intermediate-scale quantum devices into a regime well beyond classical capabilities. Furthermore, the availability of high-performing qudit quantum hardware will stimulate a rethinking of the way we approach quantum information processing. This ambitious goal will be achieved by designing and implementing a trapped-ion quantum processor, tailored for qudits. Building on the full toolbox of atomic physics, this device will benefit from ongoing developments for binary systems, while featuring significantly extended capabilities, including novel ways of interacting qudits for resource-efficient processing. Using this hardware, we aim to achieve two objectives: First, we will develop tools for and demonstrate native qudit quantum information processing from simulation to computation. Second, we will show that the platform outperforms not only qubit systems but also the best classical devices through the demonstration of a quantum advantage. I am convinced that this project will stimulate a number of research directions beyond its immediate goals, from application-tailored quantum computing, to advanced quantum communication and quantum metrology. My strong background in several quantum technology platforms, as well as my track record in (multi-level) quantum information processing puts me in a unique position to realize the ambitious goals of this project.

Mots-clés : quantum computing,quantum simulation,high dimensional hilbert spaces,quantum advantage,qudits
Projet ERC : EPIAQUA (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Biotechnology and Biosystems E ngineering
Entité participante : Université de La Laguna — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ULL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Aquaculture supplies half of the fish consumed by humans, being the fastest growing food production sector worldwide. Reducing the use of fishery products in aquafeed by replacing them with more sustainable ingredients is a must to reach sustainability and meet future global food needs. In this sense, nutritional programming is a promising strategy with potential to increase production efficiency and fish health and minimize environmental impact. Epigenetics is thought to be responsible for the beneficial effects of early nutritional intervention, but, the mechanisms by which different types of nutritional interventions induce epigenetic modifications, and which ones they induce is largely unknown. EPIAQUA is an innovative and timely project that will unravel the multi-layered epigenetic entanglement underlying nutritional programming and its transgenerational inheritance, using Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a model, paving the way for advances in the use of sustainable aquafeeds. Specific goals are: 1) to elucidate cause-effect relationship of carbohydrate content and dietary fatty acids early intervention on the multi-layered epigenome, 2) to generate a better mechanistic understanding of the phenotypic changes induced by nutritional early intervention, and 3) to demonstrate the presence of epigenetic marks transgenerationally inherited and characterize the mechanisms underlying it. The new hypothesis that lncRNAs play a key role in the transmission and long-lasting effects of nutritionally mediated phenotypes is central to this proposal, being one of its ground-breaking elements and having major translational impacts. Moreover, EPIAQUA outcomes will provide novel mechanistic insights into the role of epigenetics in nutritional programming and identify novel epigenetic markers involved in tailoring metabolic pathways for better use of sustainable aquafeeds, what in turn will drive changes in husbandry protocols, and improve aquaculture sustainability.

Mots-clés : aquaculture,sustainable aquafeeds,nutritional programming,multigenerational,epigenomics,long non coding ribonucleic acids,dna methylation,histone modifications,fatty acids,carohydrates,metabolic response