Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : MUSES (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Stockholm University — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1969599.0 €

Humans have the capacity to change the biosphere from local to global scales while at the same time fundamentally depending on a functioning biosphere for their well-being. Moreover human societies are increasingly affected by global change and adapting to it in multiple ways. These interdependencies give rise to non-linear, cross-scale dynamics that pose significant challenges for analysis and governance of social-ecological systems (SES). In view of the need for societal transformations towards sustainability is the identification of mechanisms of change in SES an urgent and cutting-edge research frontier. This project aims to develop new methodologies and middle-range theories of the dynamics of SES. It will take the nature of SES as complex adaptive systems into account by developing a mechanism-based understanding of change in SES as it arises from micro-level interactions within complex networks of actors and ecosystems. Particular emphasis will be put on emergent and top-down cross-scale interactions. To this end we will develop dynamic multi-level models using agent-based and mathematical modeling approaches. Model development will be based on a typology of cross-scale interactions, theories from the natural and social sciences and empirical evidence from marine and terrestrial SES. We will combine stylized with empirically-based models and cross-case comparison to develop a typology of social-ecological configurations of the long-term persistence of SES and their capacity to change. Knowledge integration across disciplines and the development of integrative frameworks and approaches will be supported by procedures to bridge different ontological and epistemological foundations. The project will advance sustainability science by providing new methods for modeling multi-level SES and cross-scale interactions, and approaches to identify and include critical social-ecological interactions, particularly human adaptive responses, into models of SES.

Mots-clés : social ecological interactions,ontology and epistemology,knowledge integration,cross scale dynamics,ecology,complexity
Projet ERC : AUDADAPT (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Lübeck — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1967000.0 €

Humans in principle adapt well to sensory degradations. In order to do so, our cognitive strategies need to adjust accordingly (a process we term “adaptive control”).The auditory sensory modality poses an excellent, although under-utilised, research model to understand these adjustments, their neural basis, and their large variation amongst individuals. Hearing abilities begin to decline already in the fourth life decade, and our guiding hypothesis is that individuals differ in the extent to which they are neurally, cognitively, and psychologically equipped to adapt to this sensory decline. The project will pursue three specific aims: (1) We will first specify the neural dynamics of “adaptive control” in the under-studied target group of middle-aged listeners compared to young listeners. We will employ advanced multi-modal neuroimaging (EEG and fMRI) markers and a flexible experimental design of listening challenges. (2) Based on the parameters established in (1), we will explain interindividual differences in adaptive control in a large-scale sample of middle-aged listeners, and aim to re-test each individual again after approximately two years. These data will lead to (3) where we will employ statistical models that incorporate a broader context of audiological, cognitive skill, and personality markers and reconstructs longitudinal “trajectories of change” in adaptive control over the middle-age life span. Pursuing these aims will help establish a new theoretical framework for the adaptive ageing brain. The project will further break new ground for future classification and treatment of hearing difficulties, and for developing individualised hearing solutions. Profiting from an excellent research environment and the principle investigator’s pre-established laboratory, this research has the potential to challenge and to transform current understanding and concepts of the ageing human individual.

Mots-clés : audition,cognition,fmri,speech,neural oscillations,hearing,psychology,ageing,longitudinal
Projet ERC : MUSICSTREAM (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of Leeds — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2453126.5 €

Hundreds of millions of people across the world now experience music via ‘streaming services’, which offer on-demand access, by means of internet or mobile telephony, to vast catalogues of music, either ‘free’ (advertising-supported) or via subscription. A controversial but poorly-understood new system of music production, distribution and consumption has developed around such services, yet there has been no sustained, integrated analysis of this system, the considerable international variations within it, nor its effects on musical culture. MUSICSTREAM provides such analysis, focusing on the UK and China, but also bringing together research from across the world via symposia and collaborative publication. The project therefore offers an ambitious empirical and theoretical analysis that will also contribute to understanding how culture, political economy and technology interact in the digital era. Undertaking such a project requires an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates analysis of the changing media industries, including new conditions for music creators, and changes in the way people ‘use’ music. The PI is especially suited for such a synthesis, having made significant contributions across all these areas. The aim of MUSICSTREAM is to understand how the role of music in the lives of producers and audiences – a subject the PI has researched extensively - is being reconfigured by developments over which these groups have little or no control. The University of Leeds is an ideal place in which to undertake such research, because it has strong specialisms in music, media and culture, and has a research infrastructure that strongly supports such interdisciplinary enquiry. The very nature of music as a cultural practice is changing across the world, and this project examines why and how this is happening, and the implications for the role of music in people’s lives.

Mots-clés : music culture,music streaming,sociology of music,music industries,music consumption,popular music,media and communication,cultural value,cultural studies,cultural platforms
Projet ERC : CAM-RIG (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : University of Cambridge — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. Cambridge
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2038120.0 €

Hydrogels cross-linked through supramolecular interactions are highly dependant on the dynamic charac- teristics of the physical cross-links. Few fundamental studies have been undertaken to quantitatively de- scribe structure-property relationships for these types of systems. Hydrogels formed from CB[8]-mediated supramolecular physical cross-linking mechanisms have gained significant interest on account of their excel- lent physical and mechanical properties such as self-healing and shear-thinning. This supramolecular motif has been further exploited to introduce and compatibilise a wide variety of different materials into hydrogel networks without phase separation, forming hybrid composite hydrogels attributed with unique and emergent properties. This proposal aims to pioneer the combination of several state-of-the-art characterisation tech- niques into an unique experimental setup (CAM-RIG), which will combine super-resolution and confocal microscopy imaging modalities with simultaneous strain-controlled rheological measurements to investigate fundamental structure-property relationships of these systems. For the first time it will be possible to decon- volute the molecular-level dynamics of the supramolecular physical cross-links from chain entanglement of the polymeric networks and understand their relative contributions on the resultant properties of the hydrogels. Using the fundamental insight gained, a set of key parameters will be determined to maximise the potential of supramolecular biocompatible hydrogels, driving paradigm shifts in sustainable science and biomaterial applications through the precise tuning of physical properties.

Mots-clés : host guest chemistry,supramolecular hydrogel,cucurbituril,dynamics
Projet ERC : GEL-SYS (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Johannes Kepler University of Linz — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : JKU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499975.0 €

Hydrogels evolved as versatile building blocks of life – we all are in essence gel-embodied soft machines. Drawing inspiration from the diversity found in living creatures, GEL-SYS will develop a set of concepts, materials approaches and design rules for wide ranging classes of soft, hydrogel-based electronic, ionic and photonic devices in three core aims. Aim (A) will pursue a high level of complexity in soft, yet tough biomimetic devices and machines by introducing nature-inspired instant strong bonds between hydrogels and antagonistic materials – from soft and elastic to hard and brittle. Building on these newly developed interfaces, aim (B) will pursue biocompatible hydrogel electronics with iontronic transducers and large area multimodal sensor arrays for a new class of medical tools and health monitors. Aim (C) will foster the current soft revolution of robotics with self-sensing, transparent grippers not occluding objects and workspace. A soft robotic visual system with hydrogel-based adaptive optical elements and ultraflexible photosensor arrays will allow robots to see while grasping. Autonomous operation will be a central question in soft systems, tackled with tough stretchable batteries and energy harvesting from mechanical motion on small and large scales with soft membranes. GEL-SYS will use our experience on soft, “imperceptible” electronics and devices. By fusing this technology platform with tough hydrogels - nature’s most pluripotent ingredient of soft machines - we aim to create the next generation of bionic systems. The envisioned hybrids promise new discoveries in the nonlinear mechanical responses of soft systems, and may allow exploiting triggered elastic instabilities for unconventional locomotion. Exploring soft matter, intimately united with solid materials, will trigger novel concepts for medical equipment, healthcare, consumer electronics, energy harvesting from renewable sources and in robotics, with imminent impact on our society.

Mots-clés : soft matter,tough hydrogels,imperceptible electronics,soft machines,extreme mechanics
Projet ERC : PRODUCE-H2 (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CEA
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 131250.0 €

Hydrogen (H2) generated from renewable energies, such as solar and wind, and water has a huge potential as a carbon-free energy vector which can be exploited on demand through fuel cell technologies. Proton-exchange membrane electrolysers (PEMEL) are a mature technology that can be coupled with intermittent renewable power sources. However their wide deployment still depends on innovative breakthroughs regarding the design of alternative catalysts avoiding the use of precious metals and fulfilling three main characteristics: sustainability, cost-effectiveness and stability. In the “PhotocatH2ode” ERC Frontier Research Starting Grant (consolidator stream), we explored a coordination polymer structure for amorphous molybdenum sulfide (a-MoSx), refined the understanding of its catalytic mechanism (Artero and coll., Nature material 2016) and developed strategies to remedy reductive corrosion issues that so far limited the implementation of such earth-abundant H2 evolution catalysts in PEMEL. We aim at exploiting these new findings in PRODUCE-H2, an ERC Proof of Concept project which proposes to (1) optimize the formulation of these catalytic materials and assemble them in polymer-membranes, (2) assessing their performance and quantifying their stability during long-term tests performed under realistic operating conditions, (3) upscaling their production thanks to a newly developed synthetic process and (4) implementing them in a noble-metal-free PEMEL prototype. PRODUCE-H2 will exploit pre-existing and newly created intellectual property with the aim of proposing a cost-effective industrial solution for PV-coupled on-site hydrogen production. This project will be in close collaboration with Toyota Motor Europe who have been selling fuel cell cars since 2015.

Mots-clés : electrocatalysis,photo electrocatalysis,hydrogen,artificial photosynthesis
Projet ERC : HBMAP (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ETH Zurich
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous and fundamental in nature, underpinning the behavior of systems as different as water, proteins and polymers. Much of this flexibility derives from their propensity to form complex topological networks, which can be strong enough to hold Kevlar together, or sufficiently labile to enable reversible structural transitions in allosteric proteins. Simulations must treat the quantum nature of both electrons and protons to describe accurately the microscopic structure of H-bonded materials, but this wealth of data does not necessarily translate into deep physical understanding. Even the structure of a compound as essential as water is still the subject of intense debate, despite extensive investigations. Identifying recurring bonding patterns is essential to comprehend and manipulate the structural and dynamical properties of H-bonded systems. Our objective is to develop and apply machine-learning techniques to atomistic simulations, and identify the design principles that govern the structure and properties of H-bonded compounds. Our strategy rests on three efforts: (1) recognition of recurring structural motifs with probabilistic data analysis; (2) coarse-grained mapping of the energetically accessible structural landscape by non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques; (3) acceleration of configuration sampling using these data-driven collective variables. Identifying motifs and order parameters will be crucial to interpret simulations and experiments of growing complexity, and will enable computational design of H-bond networks. We will focus first on two objectives. (1) Rationalizing the structure of crystalline, amorphous and liquid water across its phase diagram, from ambient to astrophysical conditions, and its response to solutes, interfaces or confinement. (2) Enabling efficient simulation and structural design of polymers and proteins in non-biological contexts, targeting biomimetic materials and organic/inorganic interfaces.

Mots-clés : molecular dynamics,atomistic modelling,water and hydrogen bonded systems,polymers and polypeptides,rare events,accelerated sampling,machine learning,clustering,data mining
Projet ERC : HyCat (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Italian Institute of Technology — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Hydrogen could replace fossil fuels, and electrolytic water splitting using renewable energy sources is a promising way to obtain it. The most active hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts to date are platinum group metals (PGM), mainly Pt and its alloys, deposited onto a carbon support. Pt is however costly and the catalysts degrade over time, due to aggregation of metal nanoparticles over the support. Also, no valuable contenders to Pt group metals have been identified for the alkaline HER. To address these issues, we propose to focus again on PGM based catalysts, but with solutions that reduce the amount of noble metal and that ensure catalyst stability by preventing aggregation. In our recently completed ERC project TRANS-NANO, we have prepared a highly active and stable HER catalyst, composed of a nanostructured Cu-Pt porous layer, directly grown onto a Ti current collector by in-situ slow electrodeposition of Pt. This catalyst delivers high hydrogen evolution current and outperforms the benchmark Pt/C in terms of activity at high overpotentials, and solves the most critical issue of Pt/C: its low long-term stability under operational conditions. Our catalyst can achieve the same performances of the Pt/C catalyst, but with a much lower Pt loading. For Ru, the process delivers a Cu-Ru/Ti catalyst with even better performance than the Cu-Pt/Ti system. In this POC project, we will upscale the production of Cu-Pt and Cu-Ru catalysts, starting from large area Ti substrates. Their HER activity will be tested under industrially relevant conditions. Such electrode architecture will enable the fabrication of high-performance alkaline water electrolysers for large-scale applications. Our team is best suited to take this challenge, having a consolidated expertise in developing nanoscale materials and catalysts, and in their exploitation for both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions. The proposal envisages a strong collaboration with the industry sector.

Mots-clés : catalysis,hydrogen evolution reaction,nanomaterials,water electrolysis
Projet ERC : H2OXIDES (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed matter physics
Entité participante : Delft University of Technology — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Delft
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Hydrogen will be a key element of our future decarbonised economy as a sustainable energy vector. In the future economy, efficient hydrogen sensors will be a critical element. The high flammability of air-hydrogen mixtures and the minimal input power required to trigger combustion pose serious safety concerns. The light nature of the hydrogen molecule and its high diffusivity makes detection and leakage-control particularly challenging. Leak detection in a distribution network requires the availability of sensing elements with demanding performance targets. The objective of this project is to harness recent results in fundamental research in oxide electronics to develop an innovative material platform for ultra-sensitive resistive hydrogen sensors.

Mots-clés : oxide electronics,transition metal oxides,oxide interface engineering
Projet ERC : XBCBCAT (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Ruhr University Bochum — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : RUB
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1497916.26 €

Hydrogen-bonds have found widespread use in various fields of chemistry, including supramolecular chemistry, organic chemistry, and more lately organocatalysis. Although a multitude of structurally different hydrogen-bond donors has been developed, their mode of action is in all cases necessarily based on the same interacting atom, hydrogen. In this proposal, we aim to develop first applications for two, previously very little explored non-covalent interactions that are based on electrophilic halogen or chalcogen substituents (“halogen-bonds” and “chalcogen bonds”). The first objective is to open the way for the use of chiral multidentate halogen-bond donors (i.e., halogen-based Lewis acids) for enantiodiscrimination. After the synthesis of suitable candidate compounds, we will apply them in the following research areas: a) the resolution of racemic mixtures by co-crystallization with chiral halogen-bond donors, and b) the use of these Lewis acids in enantioselective organocatalysis. Within the second objective, we will strive to establish first-of-its-kind applications of chalcogen-based Lewis acids in organic synthesis and organocatalysis. In contrast to halogen-bonds, chalcogen-bonds feature two substituents on the interacting atom as well as two electrophilic axes. In the first phase of this aim, we will synthesize neutral and cationic, mono- and bidentate candidate compounds and determine their association constants with a variety of Lewis bases. Based on this date, we subsequently seek to use these novel Lewis acids as activators or catalysts in organic transformations. We anticipate that the realization of these applications, all of which are unprecedented, will be a crucial first step towards establishing further non-covalent interactions as useful tools in chiral recognition and chemical synthesis. In the long-term, we foresee these little-explored interactions becoming powerful complements to the ubiquitous hydrogen-bonds.

Mots-clés : non covalent interactions,halogen bonding