Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : C-POS (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : University of Sussex — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 44347.5 €

Person-centred care is a core health value of modern health care. The overarching aim of C-POS (Children's Palliative care Outcome Scale) is to develop and validate a person-centred outcome measure for children, young people (CYP) and their families affected by life-limiting & life-threatening conditions (LLLTC). International systematic reviews, and clinical guides have highlighted that currently none exists. This novel study will draw together a unique multidisciplinary collaboration to pioneer new methods, enabling engagement in outcome measurement by a population currently neglected in research. C-POS builds on an international program of work. The sequential mixed methods will collect substantive data through objectives to determine i) the primary concerns of CYP and their families affected by LLLTC & preferences to enable participation in ethical person-centred measurement (n=50); ii) view of clinicians and commissioners on optimal implementation methods (national Delphi study); iii) a systematic review of current data collection tools for CYP regardless of condition; iv) integration of objectives i-iii to develop a tool (C-POS) with face and content validity; v) cognitive interviews to determine interpretability (n=40); vi) longitudinal cohort of CYP and families to determine test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and responsiveness (n=151); vii) development of resources for routine implementation viii) translation and interpretation protocols for international adoption. C-POS is an ambitious study that, for the first time, will enable measurement of person-centred outcomes of care. This will be a turning point in the scientific study of a hitherto neglected group.

Mots-clés : patient centred outcomes,palliative care,paediatrics
Projet ERC : COMBAT-RES (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Helmholtz Zentrum München — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : HMGU
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499991.0 €

Personalising treatments based on tumour genetic profiles enables cancer precision medicine. However, treating cancers using targeted therapies often fails due to the emergence of drug resistance. Here, my goal is to use drug high-throughput screens (HTS) combined with computational methods to identify resistance and its biomarkers, and to overcome it with smart drug combinations to empower cancer precision medicine. Identifying resistance in HTS is challenging: dissecting meaningful drug responses at high concentrations is impossible due to cytotoxicity, making non-responders and resistant cell lines indistinguishable, thus limiting resistance biomarker discovery to frequently mutated cancer genes. To address this, I will employ three approaches: 1) systematically identify non-responding cell lines carrying low-frequency resistance markers; 2) reveal intrinsic resistance driven by gene expression plasticity by conducting my own RNA sequencing experiments and modelling the maximal effect at high drug concentration; 3) identify drugs which increase cell viability, combined with drugs targeting fast proliferating cells. My paradigm shift, that resistance biomarkers become synergy markers, empowers smart drug combinations. Additionally, I aim to predict drug synergy based on multi-task deep learning using molecular characterisation, QSAR modelling and monotherapies; and, to boost biomarker discovery by identifying clinically-relevant cancer subtypes based on transfer and reinforcement learning. COMBAT-RES will benefit from data access to a phase III clinical trial in colorectal cancer (COREAD) and access to the largest human pancreas adenocarcinoma (PAAD) combination HTS (currently unpublished) accelerating the delivery of medicine for COREAD and PAAD patients. COMBAT-RES will interrogate the underpinnings of drug resistance, clinically-relevant subtypes and overcome it with highly synergistic drug combinations, enabling the next generation of precision medicine.

Mots-clés : computational pharmacogenomics,bioinformatics,drug high throughput screens,cancer cell lines,drug resistance,drug combinations,synergy,cancer
Projet ERC : chemos (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Austrian Academy of Sciences — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : OAW
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 146668.0 €

Personalized medicine aspires to provide optimal therapy in real-time during patient treatment, however current methodology falls short to deliver this in a robust manner. With this in mind, we invented a method for the screening of thousands of drug responses in small samples of an individual’s peripheral blood by automated microscopy and single-cell image analysis. We termed this method pharmacoscopy. In the course of carrying out the i-FIVE ERC grant project plan, we began screening for novel anti-viral or immune modulating drugs. In the quest to increase the physiological relevance of our screening settings, we investigated the possibility of using peripheral blood cells or bone marrow from individuals. We have thus far been able to show that the approach allows for the screening of anti-inflammatory properties of compounds, and to score for distinct sub-population specific cell cytotoxicity profiles of clinical anti-neoplastic agents through the tracking of fluorescent antibodies and probes. Moreover, we have been able to show that the approach empowers the therapeutic decision-making capability of hema-oncologists in a concrete clinical setting using primary myelofibrosis and lymphoma as test diseases. With funding from this grant, we intend to obtain further clinical data through retrospective trials, and incorporate the results into an information package attractive enough to draw the attention of potential investors. We have secured the intellectual property rights and have assembled the know-how required to enable commercialization efforts. With the unique image-based single cell analysis of human liquid tissues, we believe that chemos has the potential to develop into a service that enables and advances personalized medicine and drug discovery for a broad spectrum of hematological disorders.

Mots-clés : personalized medicine,blood cancer,image analysis,chemosensitivity,lymphoma,leukemia
Projet ERC : GB-CORRELATE (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Max Planck Society — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MPG
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Phase diagrams revolutionized materials development by predicting the conditions for phase stability and transformations, providing a thermodynamic concept for materials design including synthesis, processing and application. Similarly, surface science has established thermodynamic concepts for surface states and transitions, but the analogon for grain boundaries (GB) is just emerging due to their complexity. GB are among the most prominent microstructure defects separating grains in polycrystalline materials spanning a multidimensional space. Unlocking control of GB phases and their transitions will enable a new level of materials design allowing to tailor functional & structural properties. This proposal targets on (i) predicting and resolving GB phase transitions, (ii) establishing guidelines for GB phase transitions and GB phase diagrams, (iii) correlating GB phase transitions with property changes, (iv) providing compositional-structural design criteria for GB engineering, (v) which will be tested by demonstrators with tailored GB strength and GB mobility. GB-CORRELATE focusses on Cu and Al alloys in form of thin films as this allows to implement a hierarchical strategy expanding from individual special GB to GB networks and a transfer of the GB concepts to thin film applications. The infinite number of GB requires also statistical approaches; combinatorial thin film deposition will be used to establish Cu and Al alloy films with substitutional (Ag, Al, Cu, Si, Ni) and interstitial (B) solute elements. High throughput grain growth experiments will be employed to detect GB phase transitions by changes in GB mobility. Advanced atomic resolved correlated microscopy and spectroscopy supported by powerful computational approaches will identify GB phases and correlate them with transport properties. Sophisticated in-situ micromechanical studies lay the ground for interlinking GB phases and GB mechanics, finally harvested to create mechanically exceptional materials.

Mots-clés : grain boundary,grain boundary phase,atomic structure,phase transition,thin films,thermodynamics,mechanical properties
Projet ERC : NanoPhennec (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed matter physics
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499375.0 €

Phonons (quanta of vibration) play a major role in many of the physical properties of condensed matter. One of the most striking features of acoustic phonons is their ability to interact with virtually any other excitation in solids. Recent progress in the design, fabrication and control of nanomechanical systems has paved the way to explore new frontiers in the classical and quantum worlds. Devices based on semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been recently demonstrated to perform as near-ideal single photon sources, a very promising platform for developing a solid-state quantum network. The phonon engineering, however, remains an unexplored knob in the quantum information toolbox. The goal of this project is to explore new horizons in nanophononics by developing novel phononic networks with full control on the phonon dynamics, and unprecedented structures capable of acoustically interact with single QDs, bridging the gap between nanophononics and semiconductor QD quantum optics. AlGaAs based semiconductor cavities are capable of confining simultaneously photons and phonons. The building blocks of the proposed research are semiconductor pillar microcavities and single QDs deterministically positioned to maximize their interaction with the confined electromagnetic and elastic fields. To achieve our main goal we set three major objectives: 1) To develop novel one- and three-dimensional optophononic resonators and develop appropriate phononic measuring techniques; 2) To engineer nanophononic networks working in the tens-of-GHz range; and 3) To demonstrate first phonon cavity quantum electrodynamics phenomena for a single artificial atom coupled to a phononic cavity. Shaping the phononic environment opens exciting perspectives for solid state quantum applications, by providing a full control over the main source of decoherence and actually using it as a powerful resource to eventually transfer the quantum information.

Mots-clés : acoustic phonon,micropillar cavity,purcell effect,quantum dots,nanophononics,coherent phonon generation,picosecond ultrasonics,phononic devices
Projet ERC : Photoclin (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2163061.0 €

Photoacoustic imaging is widely viewed as one of the most exciting and promising biomedical imaging techniques to have emerged in recent years. It offers major opportunities for increasing our understanding of basic biological processes at an anatomical, physiological and molecular level, and for improving the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other major diseases. The aim of this project is to develop and evaluate a new generation of advanced photoacoustic scanners for clinical photoacoustic imaging based on a novel, highly sensitive, optical microresonator ultrasound sensor. This type of sensor offers the prospect of a major step forward in terms of imaging performance by providing orders of magnitude higher sensitivity than equivalently sized conventional detectors with the necessary broadband frequency response and small element size for high image quality. As a consequence, it promises greater penetration depth and improved image quality than possible with current state-of-the-art photoacoustic scanners. This will pave the way for in vivo high resolution human imaging at depths currently unattainable, opening up entirely new clinical applications in oncology, cardiovascular medicine, regenerative medicine and other areas which have hitherto been impossible due to hardware limitations. The project will involve the development of novel polymer optical microresonator sensors, advanced parallelised optical read-out schemes for real-time image acquisition, and engineering complete imaging instruments for use in clinical studies. These instruments will then be evaluated in a variety of clinical contexts including the assessment of skin cancer, head and neck cancers, cardiovascular disease and reconstructive surgery.

Mots-clés : photoacoustic,optoacoustic,ultrasound,biomedical optics,ultrasound sensors,clinical diagnostics,imaging
Projet ERC : 3D-COUNT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : National Research Council — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : CNR
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 73750.0 €

Photonics, in recognition of its strategic significance and pervasiveness throughout many industrial sectors, has been identified as one of the Key Enabling Technologies for Europe. Photonics in combination with quantum information science has great potential to facilitate, transform and innovate future technologies for the better. The Proof of Concept (PoC) project intends to contribute to this by developing and testing a communication platform prototype, comprised of single photon detectors, which are efficiently coupled to single mode fibers using an innovative laser written device. This enables the integration of single photon detectors on innovative glass waveguides. These glass integrated photonic circuits offer excellent specifics for on-chip quantum optics implementations in terms of scattering losses, offering flexibility of the waveguide geometry and ensuring high coupling efficiency with optical fibers. The device developed and tested in the PoC, directly addresses a market need for an integrated and efficient on-chip communication systems. Current available systems have limitations involving high costs, complex production, and inefficient coupling of detectors to optical fibers. The proposed platform will offer 1.) a simplified production process, 2.) high optical fiber coupling efficiency 3.) improved performance levels, 4.) high cost efficiency, and 5.) compactness. Such systems can be applied in a wide range of communication and non-communication applications, such as free-space optical communication, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, DNA sequencing, single molecule detection and material analysis. Moreover, the future commercialisation of quantum computing is expected to create a vast demand for these communication systems. In addition to the technology PoC, the project carries out IPR strategy considerations through patenting actions, determines the market potential, seeks market feedback, and plans for post-PoC commercialisation paths.

Mots-clés : integrated photonics,single photon detector,laser writing fabrication of waveguides,superconducting nanowire single photon detectors,proof of concept,communication platform,commercialisation
Projet ERC : NANOMEQ (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : University of Copenhagen — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UCPH
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1485362.0 €

Photons are essential for transmitting quantum information and for building entangled system on a global scale. Recent developments in photonic quantum technologies provide the fundamental tools for generating and manipulating photons within a chip. Yet, performing large-scale experiments, involving many quantum bits (or qubits), remains a major challenge due to the lack of a method to incorporate and control many sources of identical photons in the same chip. With an efficient strategy to control quantum photonic circuits, single-photon sources, and multi-photon entanglement, a fully-integrated platform for quantum information processing with many qubits and logical gates, can be built. In this project, I intend to merge two flourishing fields of research, opto-mechanics and deterministic photon-emitter interfaces, in order to achieve active control of quantum circuits and to realize large-scale nano-mechanical quantum photonic circuits. Unparalleled by other methods, nano-mechanical systems enable full control over light propagation in optical circuits with exceedingly low loss and noise, which makes them fully compatible with single-photon emitters. The main highlights of NANOMEQ are to: 1. Build the world’s smallest and most efficient photonic quantum gate. 2. Control light-matter interaction to efficiently extract, in a scalable fashion, many high-fidelity photonic qubits from a deterministic single-photon source. 3. Perform on-chip frequency conversion to telecom wavelengths for long-distance communication. These achievements will be milestones in quantum photonics and, by addressing outstanding challenges in the field, will pave the way for scaling-up deterministic photon-emitter interfaces for advanced quantum-information processing and beyond.

Mots-clés : semiconductor quantum dots,nano opto mechanics
Projet ERC : No-LIMIT (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Jaume I University — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UJI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999071.53 €

Photovoltaic conversion has the extraordinary property of transforming the solar energy directly into electric power. However, the available electrical power is known to be severely limited by the so-called Shockley-Queisser (SQ) photoconversion limit. The maximum efficiency for a single absorber is limited as photons with energy lower than the bandgap (BG) cannot be absorbed, and just an energy equivalent to the BG can be used for photons with higher energy than the BG, due to thermalization. Tandem cells have overcome this SQ limit upon exploiting complex and expensive configurations. Alternative approaches, even with higher potentiality, as Intermediate Bandgap Solar Cells (IBSCs) have not reached the expected performance mainly due to the limitations introduced by the monocrystalline matrix. The incorporation of quantum dots (QD) to create the IB produces layer strain and defects that limit the cell performance. No-LIMIT proposes to revamp IBSCs concept, using polycrystalline halide perovskites (HP) host matrix in order to take benefit from the strain relaxation at polycrystalline materials and from HP benign defect physics. HPs show an outstanding performance even when they are grown in a porous structure, indicating that their excellent transport and recombination properties are preserved with embedded materials. No-LIMIT will exploit this potentiality by using the states of embedded QD as IB in IBSC with HP matrix. The project will focus on the preparation of HPs-QD systems with enhanced light collection efficiency preserving charge transport, recombination and stability. No-LIMIT will study the properties and interactions of the HP and QD materials developed, as well as injection, recombination and transport properties in the coupled system. The combination of these strategies will build a ground-breaking synergistic system able to break the SQ limit. The achievements of IBSC, together with the intermediate steps, will have a colossal impact on photovoltaics

Mots-clés : photovoltaics
Projet ERC : PM2PV (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : University of Cambridge — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. Cambridge
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Photovoltaics (PVs) cells will play a major role in the worldwide transition to more sustainable sources of energy. There has been a vast scale up in the deployment of PV cells driven by the drastic price reduction of Si photovoltaics (Si-PVs). It is now widely accepted that increases in PV efficiency are key to pushing PV deployment further and continuing to lower costs. However, after decades of research and development Si-PVs are approaching the theoretical limit for power conversion efficiencies (currently 26.7% out of a possible 29.4%) as determined by the Shockley-Queisser limit, due to thermalisation losses. There is currently no commercially deployed technology and can overcome this challenge. This project will make a proof of concept demonstration of a new technology – a photon multiplication film (PMF), which overcomes these fundamental thermalisation losses by converting high energy photons into double the number of low energy photons using a process called singlet fission. A PMF film could raise the efficiency of the best Si-PVs from 26.7% to 32.5% (a 20% increase in efficiency). This all optical approach has several advantages over other technologies currently being researched such as tandem cells. For instance, since the output of the PMF is photons, they can be directed towards the PV cell without any change in cell design, making it a ‘drop in’ solution, compatible with 95% of current PV manufacturing capacity as well as future designs and hence requiring little or no change to current manufacturing lines and hence very low capital expense. This PoC project will produce a prototype PMF integrated on top of a Si-PV and demonstrate a gain in power conversion efficiency, thus opening up a new technological area, which will help deliver both economic, societal and environmental benefits.

Mots-clés : advanced solar energy harvesting,light management for photovoltaics,organic semiconductors,nanoparticles,singlet fission,excitons,triplet excitons