Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : PREVMETSYN (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MDC
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149948.0 €

SMALL MOLECULES TO TREAT METABOLIC SYNDROME Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is defined as a cluster of inter-related symptoms including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that promote the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. In this project a pharmacological strategy will be developed that could alleviate the vicious circle of hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose) and elevated insulin observed in metabolic syndrome that accelerates the onset of type 2 diabetes. We have identified a new protein that participates in insulin-dependent increase in glucose uptake from the blood. Loss of this protein leads to reduced insulin dependent glucose uptake and a metabolic syndrome like disease in mice. In this project small molecules that modulate the function of the said protein will be developed and evaluated. New molecules that enhance glucose uptake into cells could be potentially powerful new tools to reverse insulin resistance a key pathology of metabolic syndrome that can accelerate the onset of type 2 diabetes.

Mots-clés : metabolic syndrome,stoml1,insulin resistance,drug discovery
Projet ERC : SOCSEMICS (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Fondation nationale des sciences politiques — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : FNSP
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

SOCSEMICS aims at developing a set of integrated, groundbreaking methods to address the possible existence of so-called “filter bubbles” in the digital public space. In all generality, this phenomenon may be construed as communities whose actors are more or less prone to interaction and open to informations coming from “outside” of these communities. SOCSEMICS will contribute to the formalization and operationalization of this question by addressing three current challenges: (i) developing a comprehensive theory of reinforcing and self-sustaining socio-semantic communities by appraising the social, semantic and socio-semantic realms simultaneously, (ii) drastically improving content analysis by replacing classical distributional approaches with clause analysis, and thereby enabling quantitative analyses which render the linguistic complexity of utterances in web corpuses, (iii) fostering the interface between these methods and qualitative approaches, especially through a couple of broad case studies, together with the development of interactive platforms implementing the above innovations and facilitating digital social research.

Mots-clés : filter bubbles,socio semantic networks,digital public space,content and clause analysis,online conversation spaces,socio semantic visualization
Projet ERC : STRIGES (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1202500.0 €

STRIGES is a theoretical project aimed at developing new computational approaches and descriptors essentially rooted on Density Functional Theory enabling to design new single molecule architectures able to undergo to significant light induced electronic and structural reorganization. In this respect the present project concerns beside fundamental goals, such as the development of new theoretical approaches for the description of photochemical and photophysical processes in molecular systems, the description and prediction of photoinduced phenomena which is indeed of fundamental importance also in many research fields of technological relevance, ranging from artificial photosynthesis to molecular electronics. To this end, we will develop, implement and apply suitable theoretical tools enabling the accurate description of potential energy surfaces of the lowest lying excited states not exclusively within the Franck-Condon region. From the application point of view, the end point of this project is the in-silico design and optimization of two new classes of photomolecular devices.
Projet ERC : NanoEX (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : University of Alberta — Pays : Canada — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 90000.0 €

Sample preparation is considered to be the most difficult step in analytic workflow. Current methods for extraction and separation of minute substances in liquid samples are laborious, time-consuming, often involve large amounts of toxic organic solvents, and are often difficult to automatize, implying high costs of man-power. An innovative sample preparation technique which has the potential to overcome these shortcomings will be developed in this project. Based on the first promising results in the ERC-AdG project DDD, we propose a surface nanodroplet-based sensing approach for liquid-liquid extraction and online analysis of traces of analytes in aqueous solutions, including in biomedical, health, pharmaceutical and environmental contexts. The basis of our approach, referred to as nanoextraction, will be surface nanodroplets pre-formed on a substrate within a microflow channel. The principle of the nanoextraction is that the partition coefficient of the compound in the droplets is much higher than in the sample solution. The compound in the flow will thus be extracted to the nanodroplets that are immobilized on the channel walls. The concentration of the compound in the droplets will be quantified by surface-sensitive spectroscopic techniques. Our proposed approach can potentially achieve extraction-separation-detection of analytes at extremely low concentrations in one single and simple step. The ability to achieve extraction-separation- detection of micropollutants in one single step is creating new and unique market opportunities which we want to explore. First, the technology can improve the state-of-the-art solutions in current markets, because of the easy usage and the small scale, thus saving time and costs. Second, we foresee new markets for the method, due to the higher sensitivity and point-of-care character of the solution. Our final goal in this project is to create a solid and investor-ready business plan, supported by a prototype.

Mots-clés : droplet microfluidics,droplets,microextraction,lab on a chip,diffusion
Projet ERC : ScAlBox (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer science and informatics
Entité participante : Karlsruhe Institute of Technology — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KIT
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2498785.0 €

ScAlBox aims at basic algorithmic tools that can be used in a wide spectrum of applications and that scale orders of magnitude better than the state of the art with respect to input size or number of processors. In the last decades, we witness the transition into the information age with profound effects on science, technology, and our daily life. This transition is driven by a growing spectrum of computer applications that process larger and larger data sets using increasingly complex algorithms. However, the scalability challenge has emerged as a major road block to this progress: An explosion of the amount of data to be processed (big data) coincides with stagnating performance of a single processor core. This widening performance gap can only be closed using many parallel processors. However, parallel algorithms have long been neglected by algorithm theory while heuristic software development optimizes for existing machines and inputs but fails to give predictable scalability for future, larger data sets and more processors. We want to overcome this roadblock by developing scalable solutions for the basic toolbox of algorithms and data structures that are needed in many applications (e.g., sorting, searching, queues, basic graph algorithms, collective communication, and load balancing). My goal is to provide algorithms and software libraries that scale to millions of processors and give hard performance guarantees for arbitrary inputs. This is challenging due to large gaps between theory and practice and because such algorithms have to integrate scalable fault tolerance and dynamic load balancing to an unprecedented extent. I am the right person to achieve this due to my extensive experience in parallel algorithms for irregular problems and my leading role in algorithm engineering that integrates modeling, design, theoretical analysis, implementation, and experimental evaluation.

Mots-clés : algorithm engineering,parallel algorithms,distributed memory algorithms,graph algorithms,data structures,sorting algorithms,load balancing,memory hierarchies,high performance computing
Projet ERC : UNISCAMP (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Uppsala University — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1425000.0 €

Scattering amplitudes are central observables in quantum field theory and provide essential information about the quantum consistency of perturbative gravity. Precise control of the physical and mathematical properties of scattering amplitudes holds the key to long-standing questions on fundamental interactions and the structure of space and time. As a concrete leap in this direction, UNISCAMP addresses predictions in gauge theories, gravity and effective theories through - the efficient computation and compact representation of scattering amplitudes and, - decoding their hidden structures & symmetries and their rich web of connections. String-theory methods will complement conventional approaches to scattering amplitudes, and I will combine the insights from - the point-particle limit of superstrings & heterotic strings and, - the recent ambitwistor strings which directly compute field-theory amplitudes. Both of them naturally incorporate the double-copy relation between gauge-theory & gravity amplitudes and extend the framework to effective field theories describing pions and other low-energy states. It is a primary goal of UNISCAMP to pinpoint the unifying principles connecting a wide range of field and string theories. My expertise in both flavours of string theories will allow to optimally exploit their fruitful synergies and to depart from mainstream approaches. Moreover, field- and string-theory amplitudes exhibit an intriguing mathematical structure: Their Feynman- and moduli-space integrals yield special functions such as polylogarithms which became a vibrant common theme of high-energy physics and number theory. As an interdisciplinary goal of UNISCAMP, I will - investigate the low-energy expansion of multiloop string amplitudes and, - extract an organizing scheme for iterated integrals on higher-genus Riemann surfaces. These research objectives should benefit from my experience in collaborations with mathematicians.

Mots-clés : number theory
Projet ERC : SMARTIES (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Sorbonne Université — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : Sorbonne U
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 505291.0 €

Scattering of light in complex environments has long been considered a nuisance and an inescapable limitation to imaging and sensing alike, ranging from astronomical observation, biomedical imaging, spectroscopy, etc. In the last decade, wavefront shaping techniques have revolutionized this view, by allowing light focusing and imaging even deep in the multiple scattering regime. This principle is embodied in the possibility—that I pioneered—to access the transmission matrix of a complex medium. In SMARTIES, I will go one major conceptual step further, by exploiting directly the inherent property of a complex medium to mix perfectly and deterministically the information carried by the light. This mixing is actually a processing step. Along this general idea, SMARTIES will explore two synergistic directions: —Classical and quantum optical computing: Thanks to the highly multimode nature and the strong mixing properties of complex material, I will aim at demonstrating high performance classical computing tasks in the context of randomized algorithms. As a platform for quantum information processing, this will be relevant for high dimension quantum computing algorithms, and quantum machine learning. —Generalized imaging and sensing: Rather than tediously focusing and imaging through a scattering material, computational approaches can significantly improve and simplify the imaging process. I also aim to show that the relevant information can be directly and optimally extracted from the scattered light without imaging, using machine-learning algorithms. From a methodological standpoint, SMARTIES will require bridging knowledge from mesoscopic physics, light-matter interaction, linear and non-linear optics, with algorithms and signal processing concepts. It will deliver a whole new class of optical methods and devices, based on disorder. Its applications range from big data analysis, quantum technologies, to sensors and deep imaging for biology and neuroscience.

Mots-clés : complex media,wavefront control,optical computing,optical imaging,quantum computing
Projet ERC : HEARTOPENINGS (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Aarhus University — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : AU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1498189.0 €

Scholarship has not responded satisfactorily to the current crisis of interreligious misunderstanding, sectarian strife, and rising fundamentalism. Ethical attempts to respect difference have resulted in reifications and the encouragement of difference. Could the kinds of experiences that scholars and practitioners call religious, divine, spiritual, or mystical share a "common core"? Notwithstanding that this old hypothesis has been rejected by scholars as a universalization of Western and Christian concepts of experience and religion, this project sets out to investigate the possibility of undisclosed commonalities with a new set of methods. The project specifically focuses on the experience and cultivation of love in religious, spiritual, and contemplative practice; first among Tibetan Buddhists, Pentecostals, and Sufis in Denmark; secondly with Tibetan Buddhists in Nepal, Pentecostals in Papua New Guinea, and Sufis in Egypt. In this endeavour the project takes on the central anthropological task of comparing not only things that look alike but also phenomena which are seemingly dissimilar. Through audiovisual and microphenomenological methods of experiential elicitation, the project will examine in minute detail the synchronic and diachronic structures of concrete experiences of love – including the complex sensory and emotional qualities of such experiences and the micro-acts and micro-events that may be involved as they unfold. Furthermore, through participant observation and life history interviews the project will examine how such experiences of love impact upon and emerge from people's everyday practices, how research participants themselves understand the ways in which such experiences shape their lives, and how different life trajectories may relate to particular experiences. By combining these methods the project will pave the way for new interreligious understandings based on in-depth experiential detail that has not been achieved before.

Mots-clés : love,religious experience,visual anthropology,microphenomenology,buddhism,christianity,islam
Projet ERC : NanoBubbles (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Maastricht University — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UM
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1333506.0 €

Science relies on the correction of errors to advance, yet in practice scientists find it difficult to erase erroneous and exaggerated claims from the scientific record. Recent discussion of a “replication crisis” has impaired trust in science both among scientists and non-scientists; yet we know little about how non-replicated or even fraudulent claims can be removed from the scientific record. This project combines approaches from the natural, engineering, and social sciences and the humanities (Science and Technology Studies) to understand how error correction in science works and what obstacles it faces, and stages events for scientists to reflect on error and overpromising. The project’s focus is nanobiology, a highly interdisciplinary field founded around the year 2000 that has already seen multiple episodes of overpromising and promotion of erroneous claims. We examine three such “bubbles”: the claim that nanoparticles can cross the blood-brain barrier; that nanoparticles can penetrate the cell membrane; and the promotion of the “protein corona” concept to describe ordinary adsorption of proteins on nanoparticles. Findings based on error (non)correction in nanobiology should be generalizable to other new, highly interdisciplinary fields such as synthetic biology and artificial intelligence. We trace claims and corrections in various channels of scientific communication (journals, social media, advertisements, conference programs, etc.) via innovative digital methods. We examine error (non)correction practices in scientific conferences via ethnographic participant-observation. We follow the history of conferences, journals, and other sites of error (non)correction from the 1970s (before nanobio per se existed) to the present. And we attempt to replicate nanobiological claims and, in case of non-replication, document obstacles to correcting those claims. Finally, we will spark a dialogue within the nanobiology community by organizing workshops and events at c

Mots-clés : conference studies,scientometrics,controversy studies,sociology of science,scientific publishing,cell imaging,blood brain barrier,endocytosis,text mining,post publication peer review
Projet ERC : Methyl-ddPCR NIPT (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Nipd genetics biotech limited — Pays : Chypre — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 125000.0 €

Scientific and medical evidence indicate that non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) offers to pregnant women a safe option during their pregnancy as it provides no risk of miscarriage. The NIPT is based on a genetic examination of plasma collected from a pregnant woman. The discovery of cell-free fetal DNA (cff DNA) in maternal plasma during pregnancy provides a promising source of fetal genetic material for the development of reliable methods for NIPT. In the last years, NIPT has been widely adopted in the clinical setting as its accuracy has been dramatically improved mainly due to the introduction of new generation sequencing (NGS) employing whole genome or targeted approaches. However, NGS based assays consist of high complexity steps and high cost. This raises concerns about inequity in NIPT access, especially for women from low socioeconomic groups and developed countries who cannot afford NIPT test. The proposed study stems out from a frontier research performed during two previously funded ERC Grants. Our goal is to take the first steps towards adapting and translating our previous findings into a safe, fast, accurate and affordable methylation based non-invasive prenatal test for the detection of Down syndrome using a high precision technology such as droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).

Mots-clés : ddpcr,nipt,nipd,cell free rna,cell free dna,down syndrome,fetal epigenetic biomarkers,methylation,differentially methylated regions
Projet ERC : Methyl-ddPCR NIPT (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Nipd genetics public company limited — Pays : Chypre — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 25000.0 €

Scientific and medical evidence indicate that non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) offers to pregnant women a safe option during their pregnancy as it provides no risk of miscarriage. The NIPT is based on a genetic examination of plasma collected from a pregnant woman. The discovery of cell-free fetal DNA (cff DNA) in maternal plasma during pregnancy provides a promising source of fetal genetic material for the development of reliable methods for NIPT. In the last years, NIPT has been widely adopted in the clinical setting as its accuracy has been dramatically improved mainly due to the introduction of new generation sequencing (NGS) employing whole genome or targeted approaches. However, NGS based assays consist of high complexity steps and high cost. This raises concerns about inequity in NIPT access, especially for women from low socioeconomic groups and developed countries who cannot afford NIPT test. The proposed study stems out from a frontier research performed during two previously funded ERC Grants. Our goal is to take the first steps towards adapting and translating our previous findings into a safe, fast, accurate and affordable methylation based non-invasive prenatal test for the detection of Down syndrome using a high precision technology such as droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).

Mots-clés : ddpcr,nipt,nipd,cell free rna,cell free dna,down syndrome,fetal epigenetic biomarkers,methylation,differentially methylated regions