Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : GoodMobility (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université Koç — Pays : Turquie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Several social, economic, and technological trends are coming together to revolutionize the way people, products, and services are brought together. Goods are gaining more mobility with drastic implications for cities. The current city logistics (CL) paradigm, which does not consider the mobility of goods a public need, limits our capacity to understand and respond to the challenges and opportunities brought by this profound change. Taking a different perspective, GoodMobility proposes to replace the techno-business-centric smart thinking with network-centric wise logistics that takes the public value as the primary goal and envisions setting up a logistics web with the required infrastructure (hardware) and operating procedures (software) to establish logistics as a service (LaaS). The first objective is to develop public value as a measurement system to assess and guide CL planning and management, which will be achieved with an iterative process, combining multi-criteria decision making, sustainability analysis, simulation, and optimization. The second objective is to develop the principles, models, and tools for LaaS infrastructure design. Novel network optimization methods will be developed for designing the hardware of LaaS to provide orders of magnitude efficiency gains and influence the stakeholder activities to maximize public value. The third objective is to develop a theoretical framework and models for the operating procedures of LaaS, introducing the logistics markets to ensure efficiency and reliability and secure public value in matching logistics demand and supply. Learning-based optimization methods will be developed to manage logistics markets. If successful, GoodMobility will lay the foundations of a new theory of CL with significant scientific and practical implications. The novel ideas, concepts, and methodologies will open up new research perspectives in transport and logistics with far-reaching social, economic, and environmental consequences.

Mots-clés : transportation,logistics,network optimization,market design,online algorithms,integer programming,discrete choice models
Projet ERC : SaLtedPeat (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Université de Göttingen — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : GAU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1966888.0 €

Sea level rise (SLR) poses risks of flooding and salinization to coastal ecosystems. At present, research on SLR impacts still heavily focuses on saline ecosystems (e.g., mangroves, saltmarshes), despite the impact of salinization being particularly dire for freshwater ecosystems. Southeast (SE) Asian coastal peatlands are freshwater wetlands playing important role in tackling the triple planetary crisis: climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. Mainly located in low-lying coastal plains, SE Asian peatlands are highly vulnerable to the impacts of SLR. My recent research indicates that SLR-induced salinization could lead to catastrophic fires by promoting mass peat swamp forest mortality, thus increasing dead fuel availability. However, SLR impacts on SE Asian peatland ecosystem structure and functioning remain severely understudied to date. The SaLtedPeat project aims to pioneer the timely exploration of the impacts of SLR, particularly salinization, on coastal forested peatlands of SE Asia. Within this project, my team and I will explore the historical relation between SLR and severe fire occurrences in SE Asian coastal peatlands using long-term ecological studies as well as analyse the contemporary land-sea gradients in peatlands through field observations. We will mimic the impact of SLR-related salinization on peatland vegetation and peat physicochemical properties by performing a salt-addition experiment, and model changes in peatland properties and C stocks following SLR and projected precipitation changes. The SaLtedPeat project will unravel the potential (hidden) impacts of SLR on SE Asian peatlands, provide the first assessments of salinity (in)tolerance of peat swamp forests, advance knowledge on the ecosystems’ spatiotemporal variability, and estimate potential C loss following SLR. The project outputs will also assist in developing solutions to overcome the triple planetary crisis, i.e., (i) keep or grow C stocks, (ii) maintain habitat for biodiversity and (iii) avoid fire-induced air pollution.

Mots-clés : forested freshwater coastal wetlands,ghost forest,coastal habitat loss,fire risks,carbon stocks,triple planetary crisis
Projet ERC : ArcticEDGE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Environmental B iology, Ecology  and E volution
Entité participante : Université de Göteborg — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499264.0 €

ArcticEDGE will identify the consequences of warming-driven vegetation change for the functioning of Arctic ecosystems, particularly the cycling of carbon, and the impact on the global climate. The Arctic is the fastest-warming region on Earth, and Arctic soils contain more than double the amount of carbon currently in the atmosphere. Changes in the vegetation can influence whether this carbon is released into the atmosphere, thus contributing to additional climate warming, or stored in soils and plant biomass. Until now, we have lacked the ability to scale up from site-specific, local-scale studies to generalizable vegetation-function relationships relevant for the entire Arctic. ArcticEDGE will: 1) quantify the relationships between widely-measured plant functional and phenological traits and three key ecosystem processes related to global carbon cycling: litter decomposition, primary production, and fire dynamics, using field and laboratory experiments, 2) predict the rate with which these traits are likely to change in response to warming by identifying the relative contribution of turnover in species identity, shifts in abundance, phenotypic plasticity and genetic differentiation to trait variability and change over time, 3) determine the contribution of Arctic vegetation change to global-scale vegetation-climate feedbacks by combining knowledge from aims 1 and 2 with multi-decadal records of vegetation change and responses to experimental warming and precipitation at hundreds of locations across the Arctic, and 4) produce quantifiable outputs that will feed directly into Dynamic Global Vegetation and Earth System models to determine the consequences of Arctic vegetation change for the global climate. The knowledge generated by ArcticEDGE will contribute both to our theoretical understanding of how plants influence and are influenced by their environment as well as inform urgent efforts to project future changes in the global climate with greater precision.

Mots-clés : global change ecology,arctic,vegetation change,ecosystem functioning,carbon cycling,decomposition,primary production,fire,plant functional traits,plant phenology
Projet ERC : PRD (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université de Göteborg — Pays : Suède — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 183395.0 €

This project addresses the question of how people incorporate increasingly prevalent nonelectoral political acts into individual-level repertoires of participation; and how well represented these different types of political participators are. At a time of growing concern about unequal representation in democracies, two conflicting global trends over the last several decades highlight the importance of these questions: a clear decline in voter turnout, especially among lower status groups; and evidence of increased nonelectoral participation, especially among higher status groups. To assess how these trends in political participation affect patterns of representation, PRD’s theoretical framework integrates new approaches for investigating the links between individuals’ participation repertoires (i.e., how individuals combine voting, protest, online activism) and objective and subjective representational outcomes.  PRD’s work packages employ a multi-method approach: “Political acts and political participators” (WP1) analyzes separate surveys and a harmonized dataset and includes methodological innovations using new techniques for identifying participation repertoires. “Participation-representation connection” (WP2) investigates the connections between the political acts and political participators analyzed in WP1 and representational outcomes, and integrates these findings with qualitative fieldwork with activists who focus on unequal representation. Finally, “Mobilizing and organizing low-status groups” (WP3) conducts novel experimental studies using Twitter panel data and field experiments to identify interventions with the potential to produce more equal representational outcomes in the future. By combining an original theoretical framework and methodological innovations, PRD will conduct a uniquely comprehensive empirical investigation of participation repertoires, with a focus on mechanisms that can reduce inequalities in participation and representation.

Mots-clés : political participation,political behavior,unequal representation,digital media,public opinion,responsiveness,congruence,political attitudes,political efficacy,comparative analysis,data harmonization,latent class analysis,latent variable analysis,experimental design,twitter panel
Projet ERC : 4SBATT (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Materials Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Bayreuth — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1813373.75 €

The Li-ion battery, developed in the last 30 years, is a very successful technology. However, it now faces the challenge of powering the e-mobility revolution, requiring a large increase of raw resources availability. At this point in history, given the roadmap of the European Green Deal and the need to reduce CO2 emissions, such a scale up should be seen as a unique opportunity to eliminate unsustainable elements from the batteries. Yet the Li-ion battery relies on a series of elements that are critical, most importantly Li, Co and natural graphite. Moreover, the safety of Li-ion batteries is often in question, and their energy content still needs to increase to satisfy the demand for extended driving ranges. In this context, 4SBATT aims to develop a solid-state battery based on Na, rather than Li, representing the best solution in terms of four key parameters: sustainability, energy density (specific and volumetric), readiness of adoption (i.e. compatibility with existing Li-ion production lines) and safety. To achieve such a challenging goal, 4SBATT will operate at the cross-section between inorganic chemistry, materials science, and engineering. My team and I will develop a combined computational and experimental approach based on density functional theory and in situ x-ray diffraction during synthesis that will allow us to explore large amounts of temperature-dependent multicomponent phase diagrams for various classes of materials. Thereby we will design and prepare novel Na-based inorganic compounds for positive electrodes, solid electrolytes and negative electrodes. Then the physical properties of materials and composite electrodes will be characterized to understand, improve and engineer their performances. Finally we will assemble solid-state batteries, based on Na and sustainable elements such as Fe, Mn and Si, intrinsically safe due to the non-flammable solid electrolyte, and targeting record energy densities of 300 Wh/kg and 750 Wh/l at the cell level.

Mots-clés : sodium,battery,solid state,sustainability,x ray diffraction,in situ characterization,density functional theory,synthesis,inorganic materials,phase diagrams
Projet ERC : ECONENGAGE (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université de Göteborg — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1979450.0 €

Economic downturns can be a breeding ground for extremist politics. Yet, we know far less about how a good economy affects citizens’ interactions with politics. Despite massive wealth accumulation in established democracies, populism, misinformation, and group-based hostility continue to rise. Does national economic improvement affect the way people tune into politics and their commitment to democratic norms? ECONENGAGE fills this timely research gap by providing and testing an original theory on the impacts of economic improvement on the quality of people’s political engagement in established democracies. Starting with the point that improvement changes the stakes that people attach to politics, I will examine how this improvement affects their political information consumption, susceptibility to political misinformation, and the hardening of their ideological beliefs–all of which are central to democratic values – as well as their democratic attitudes.  ECONENGAGE is organized into four work packages (WPs). WP1 uncovers the criteria that different individuals use to define economic improvement, using existing and original survey data. In WP2, I will further examine the theoretical mechanisms and generate testable hypotheses for how economic improvement affects people’s political information processing and degree of entrenchment in their ideological beliefs. WP3 tests these hypotheses with cross-national survey data in OECD countries and three experiments in Sweden and the UK, countries that differ markedly in economic and political institutions. WP4 investigates the broader impacts of economic improvement on the stakes people attach to elections, preferences for democratic decision-making rules, and commitment to ideological pluralism. ECONENGAGE will provide us with novel tools to better understand vitally important global trends of rising misinformation and inter-group hostility and suggest ways to ensure vibrant democratic engagement in both good times and bad.

Mots-clés : political economy of elections political behavior
Projet ERC : INCENTIVE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention,  Diagnosis and T reatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Université de Göteborg — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499998.0 €

The goal of this project is to define neurological outcomes after eclampsia and to determine underlying pathophysiological pathways to eclampsia which will lead to new drugs for neuroprotection of the maternal brain. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are the most common causes of direct maternal death globally. Magnesium sulphate is the only treatment in use but it has serious side effects, only protects from seizures in 50% of cases and neuroprotection on longterm is not established. Women with eclampsia run an increased risk of longterm neurological sequelae but causality with the acute insult is not proven. There is an urgent need to understand this relationship and underlying pathophysiological pathways to identify how the acute injury affects the chronic sequelae and identify new targets for neuroprotective drugs. I want to respond to this need by determining recovery from the acute cerebral complications of eclampsia to follow up 6 months postpartum and characterize and identify pathways for neurological injury secondary to eclampsia. This will be achieved by investigating mechanisms of blood brain barrier injury, cerebral blood flow autoregulation, neuroinflammation, cognitive function deficits and white matter scarring in the brain. I will make use of a cohort of women with eclampsia from my site at Stellenbosch University, South Africa, as well as a rat model of preeclampsia and an in vitro model of preeclampsia in my lab at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, to evaluate these outcomes. I will use anti-diabetic and anti-epileptic drugs commonly used in pregnancy and test these in rat model of preeclampsia to find new neuroprotective treatments that improve maternal outcomes. This could enable us to protect the maternal brain, save lives and reduce morbidity globally. My position as a fully trained obstetrician conducting translational research, focusing on cerebral complications makes me unique in the field and very well fitted to conduct this research project

Mots-clés : eclampsia,preeclampsia,neuroprotection,magnetic resonance imaging,dynamic cerebral autoregulation,cognition,cerebral edema,biomarkers,maternal health
Projet ERC : HYDROSPHEAR (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Université de Bayreuth — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

The origin and survival of life on Earth depend on the availability of water. Plate tectonics connects the Earth’s surface with its deep interior and promotes exchange of H2O between the surface and the Earth’s mantle. The resultant deep H2O cycle has affected the evolution of the oceans and atmosphere on Earth and supplies H2O to the mantle. Rocks of the upper mantle may store H2O as defects in the crystal structures of nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs). The NAMs of the lower mantle, however, incorporate significantly less H2O. As a consequence, the contribution of the lower mantle to the deep H2O cycle has been discounted as minor. HYDROSPHEAR challenges this paradigm by investigating the storage of H2O in solid hydrous phases (SHPs) and hydrous melts of the lower mantle.  Phase D and phase H are SHPs that form at pressures and temperatures of the lower mantle. The stability limits of phase D and phase H in complex chemical systems and in realistic phase assemblages remain largely unconstrained, in particular, at pressures of the deeper lower mantle. HYDROSPHEAR will determine the stability limits of these SHPs in rocks of the lower mantle by performing high-pressure melting experiments.  Melting reactions will be sampled in laser-heated diamond anvil cells (DACs). We will detect the formation of a melt phase by Brillouin spectroscopy and, in the same experiment, measure the speed of sound in the hydrous melt. Brillouin spectroscopy will also be used to determine the elastic properties of single crystals of SHPs at high pressures and high temperatures. Complementary high-pressure experiments in DACs and multi-anvil presses will constrain the equations of state and phase relations of SHPs.  The experimental results will be integrated into a systematic search for hydrous rocks and hydrous melts in the lower mantle by analysing seismic observations. The emerging picture of H2O storage and transport in the lower mantle will reshape our image of the deep H2O cycle.

Mots-clés : earth s mantle,deep earth volatile cycles,mineral physics
Projet ERC : MixedRivals (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université Danube de Krems — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499888.0 €

Host communities often perceive certain refugee or migrant groups as more ‘threatening’ (e.g. security or employment) than others. This can be seen from the recent arrivals of Ukrainian refugees in Europe, but also in many other regions of the world. In Morocco, for example, Sub-Saharan migrants are less favored than others. Unequal treatment by nationality, ethnicity, or time of arrival regarding status, access to employment or residence is often the consequence. Yet, little is known about what impact this has for inter-migrant group relations. How do (forced) migrant groups perceive other migrant group arrivals? Do they consider each other as potential rivals, as to say as competitors or threats? What factors increase or decrease inter-migrant group rivalries and when might they turn violent or rather solidary? MixedRivals applies a novel interdisciplinary approach by analyzing structural (ex. exclusionary policies) as well as socio-psychological factors (ex. perceptions of threat, positive contact, and group identification), bringing together theories on inter-group relations from migration, violent conflict, rivalry, and psychology. MixedRivals moves beyond the common host-migrant focus, and pushes the conceptual boundaries of rivalry, refugee/migrant, violence/non-violence, liberal/restrictive policies further, introducing the concept of “mixed rivalries” underlining the complex and multi-dimensional nature of possible contestations between migrant groups. Using a mixed method approach, furnishing new cross-sectional survey and qualitative data on inter-migrant group perceptions of threat and inequality in four urban hubs in North Africa, as well as de facto (forced) migration policy data, the project aims at advancing the understanding of inter-migrant group relations at a time where North Africa is becoming a major destination for mixed ar(rivals) at the intersection between Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Mots-clés : refugees,migrants,violence,policies,inequality,perception,threat,africa