Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : StrEnQTh (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : University of Trento — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1380812.5 €

This project addresses a frontier of modern quantum physics, entanglement in strongly correlated many-particle systems. At present, despite its importance for fundamental phenomena and potential applications, many-body entanglement is poorly understood theoretically and eludes experimental investigations. Three fundamental challenges are blocking further progress: there are infinitely many classes of many-body entangled states, the calculation of real-time quantum dynamics is inherently difficult, and the quantification of many-particle entanglement remains a hard experimental challenge. StrEnQTh adopts a radically novel approach to force a breakthrough in each of these challenges, concentrating on specific targets motivated by next-generation AMO setups. 1. By designing a dedicated quantum resource theory, I will establish a novel framework for topological long-range entanglement. 2. By implementing crucial improvements on a tensor-network method, thermalization dynamics in gauge theories becomes tractable, especially hydrodynamization after heavy-ion collisions. 3. By exploiting the untapped potentials of time-reversing quantum dynamics and measuring high-order correlations, mixed-state entanglement becomes accessible. Further, by introducing a new paradigm of detection by dissipation, unequal-time correlators become available as a novel toolset for witnessing many-body entanglement. To achieve these goals, StrEnQTh builds on (i) my expertise at the interface of quantum optics and information with quantum many-body theory; (ii) previous works and preliminary results that minimize risks; (iii) fruitful synergies between the goals; (iv) a high versatility of the developed methods. The impact of this project will reach far beyond its immediate field. It will elucidate fundamental theoretical questions of relevance to strongly correlated matter at large, and it will deliver a new generation of detection tools that can find application in other platforms.

Mots-clés : amo gauge theories,thermalization dynamics,quantum resource theories,detection of entanglement
Projet ERC : CARTOFF (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

This project aims at developing and disseminating a new class of ultrasensitive and vectorial force field sensors to build the next generation of scanning probes with improved sensitivity and vectorial readout capacity. The vibrations of a singly clamped silicon carbide nanowire (NW) are readout by optical techniques. Its vibrating extremity oscillates in both transverse directions with quasi-degenerated frequencies due to its quasi-cylindrical geometry. When approaching the NW above a sample surface it experiences an additional force field due to the sample-NW interaction which modifies its mechanical properties. The force field can be fully derived by monitoring frequency shifts and eigenmode rotations. The measurement principle was demonstrated during the HQNOM ERC project by monitoring the perturbation of the NW Brownian motion, its random thermal noise in 2D induced by a voltage biased electrostatic tip. An impressive sensitivity to force field gradients varying by less than 1e-18N over the nanometer sized Brownian motion was demonstrated, as well as a fully vectorial readout capacity which is unaccessible to existing 1D force probes. This vectorial sensitivity, combined with the one-millon-fold improvement in force sensitivity over commercial atomic force microscopes is the starting point of the POC project. The objective is to ensure a wide dissemination of this extraordinary vectorial force field sensors and to progress towards an industrial outreach of the apparatus. To do so, a demonstration prototype will be developed and will serve as a workhorse for the second step, the dissemination phase of the apparatus towards a broader scientific and industrial community.

Mots-clés : vectorial force field sensing,nanoscience,nanomechanics,nano optics,scanning probe,atomic,force microscope
Projet ERC : xPRINT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : University of Salento — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

This project aims at developing four-dimensional printing of new adaptive systems, namely printing of complex, three-dimensional polymer objects embedding functional compounds and able to change or adapt their physical properties responding to environmental stimuli. Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects relies on depositing or curing materials in a layer-by-layer fashion, starting from computer assisted design. These technologies have rapidly evolved from laboratory research to commercially available desktop systems, with costs decreasing continuously. Notwithstanding such astonishing progress, the potentialities of three-dimensional printing are still poorly exploited in terms of both materials and process resolution. This project will shed new light on the fundamental aspects of three-dimensional polymerization, thus establishing new process design rules and predictive tools for printing resolution. It will also specifically engineer additive manufacturing for printing materials embedding active compounds, thus leading to real four-dimensional objects, namely structures that have three-dimensional features and time-changing physical properties at the same time. An integrated approach will be pursued to this aim, where modeling and process engineering will be complemented by process monitoring, in order to establish well defined and reproducible methods for four-dimensional printing of photonic structures. The operation of the adaptive components, for optical computing and data storage, will be based on their nonlinear response to optical inputs. Leading to a new and pioneering laboratory on four-dimensional printing technologies, this project will critically consolidate scientific independence.

Mots-clés : three dimensional printing,adaptive materials,additive manufacturing
Projet ERC : QUEM-CHEM (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Friedrich Schiller University Jena — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : FSU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1901400.0 €

This project aims at developing theoretical and numerical methods to simulate space- and time-resolved ultrafast dynamics in novel hybrid molecular-metal nanoparticle systems. The excitation of collective electron dynamics inside the metallic nanoparticles induced by external light fields leads to strongly re-shaped electromagnetic near-fields with complex spatial and temporal profile. The interaction of these modified and enhanced near-fields with molecules located in close vicinity to the metallic nanoparticle is the origin of many astonishing physical and chemical phenomena, such as the formation of new quasi-particles, new mechanisms for chemical reactions or the ultra-high spatial resolution and selectivity in molecular detection.. Besides being of fundamental interest, this interplay between near-fields and molecules promises great potential on the application side, potentially enabling revolutionary breakthrough in new emerging technologies in a broad range of research fields, such as nanophotonics, energy and environmental research, biophotonics, light-harvesting energy sources, highly sensitive nano-sensors etc. This necessitates a solid theoretical understanding and simulation of these hybrid systems. The goal of project QUEM-CHEM is the development of new approaches and methods beyond the state of the art, aiming at a synergy of existing but independently applied methods: • Quantum chemistry (QU) in order to calculate the quantum nature of the molecule-metallic nanoparticle moiety, • Electro-dynamic simulations (EM) describing the complex evolution of the light fields and the near fields around nanostructures, as well as • Dynamical methods to incorporate the response of the molecule to the near-fields Thus, the possible outcome of this highly interdisciplinary project will provide new knowledge in both, physics and chemistry, and might have impact on a large variety of new arising critical technologies.

Mots-clés : ultrafast dynamics,nanoplasmonics,hybrid nano systems
Projet ERC : SUSPINTRONICS (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed matter physics
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1997729.0 €

This project aims at establishing the basis for high-temperature superconducting spintronics. The innovative idea is to use spin-polarized superconducting pairs -instead of normal electrons- to convey and manipulate information, taking advantage of the coherent transport inherent to superconductivity. To further increase the potential of this approach, we intend to create multiple control knobs: magnetic field, the classical one in spintronics, as well as the knobs customary in conventional electronics: electric field and light. This will endow superconducting spintronics with a magnetic and electric memory, as well as with photosensitivity. The basic ingredient for this ambitious project is complex-oxide heterostructures. The approach consists of combining the following fundamental effects: (a) Superconducting proximity effects, in order to transfer superconductivity into ferromagnets. (b) Ferroelectric field-effects, in order to modulate the superconductor/ferromagnet interactions and tune Josephson coupling. (c) Spin-torque and ferromagnetic resonance effects, in order to couple superconductivity and magnetization dynamics. (d) Photoconductivity and photoelectric effects, in order to manipulate the interactions between superconductors and ferroics. This research is essentially fundamental, but the novel concepts pursued will increase the technological possibilities of superconductivity and spintronics -whose applications are at present completely disconnected.

Mots-clés : oxide heterostructures,ferroelectric field effects,triplet superconductivity,andreev reflection
Projet ERC : SENSOTRA (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of Brighton — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 38500.0 €

This project aims at producing new understandings of the changes in people’s sensory environmental relationships in three European cities during a particular period in history, 1950–2020. It will offer a focused window on cultural transformations of the sensory by introducing a new transgenerational methodology, ethnographic “sensobiography”. Why now? Firstly, innovative and thoroughly researched information about sensory environmental relationships is in great demand. If the findings are successful, their challenge to several conventional dichotomies will provide results whose interdisciplinary impact extends beyond cultural, sound, and music studies to areas of psychology, human geography, environmental aesthetics, and media history and theory. The research is urgent: at present we are still able to study people ethnographically who were born in the 1930s and 1940s,who therefore lived their early years without digital technologies. The moment is also ideally suited for studying generations born straight into the digital world, where there is a need to enable young and older people to maintain a many-faceted relationship with their environments. The project's three research strands are (1) transformations in mediations of sensory experience, (2) embodied remembering and senses, and (3) sensory commons. These strands will be studied via a research strategy linking individuals and groups to broader social, cultural, and political issues in the medium-sized European cities of Brighton (UK), Ljubljana (Slovenia), and Turku (Finland). Temporally and spatially tightly focused dynamic ethnography makes it possible to examine multiple modes of past and present sensory experiencing. The study of artists as “sensewitnesses” will become one of the pivotal endeavours. The project facilitates a significant step from earlier methodologies toward large-scale, multisensory, transgenerational investigation, providing significant insights into culture with a sustainable future.

Mots-clés : sensory transformation,environmental relationship
Projet ERC : CC4SOL (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed matter physics
Entité participante : TU Wien — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TUW
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1460826.0 €

This project aims at the development of a novel toolbox of ab-initio methods that approximate the true many-electron wavefunction using systematically improvable perturbation and coupled-cluster theories. The demand and prospects for these methods are excellent given that the highly-accurate coupled-cluster theories can predict atomization- and reaction energies in a wide range of solids and molecules with chemical accuracy (≈43 meV). However, the computational cost involved inhibits their widespread use in the field of materials science so far. A multitude of suggested developments in the present proposal hold the promise to reduce the computational cost beyond what is currently considered possible by the community. These include explicit correlation methods that augment the conventional wavefunction expansion with terms that depend on the electron pair correlation factors. In contrast to the widely-used homogeneous correlation factors, this proposal aims at the investigation of inhomogeneous correlation factors that can also capture van der Waals interactions. Furthermore this proposal seeks to employ a recently developed combination of atom-centered basis functions and plane wave basis sets, maximizing the compactness in the wavefunction expansion. The combination of these ideas bears the potential to reduce the computational cost of coupled-cluster calculations in solids by three orders of magnitude, leading to a breakthrough in the field of highly-accurate ab-initio simulations. As such the study of challenging solid state physics and chemistry problems forms an important part of this proposal. We seek to investigate molecular adsorption and reactions in zeolites and on surfaces, pressure-driven solid-solid phase transitions of two dimensional layered materials and defects in solids. These problems are paradigmatic for van der Waals interactions and strong correlation, and methods that describe their electronic structure accurately are highly sought after.

Mots-clés : first principles simulation,many electron theories,ab initio,quantum chemistry,coupled cluster theory
Projet ERC : DNAProteinCrosslinks (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions
Entité participante : Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : LMU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1497375.0 €

This project aims to address the most pressing questions in the emerging field of research on DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) and their repair. Covalent DPCs are highly toxic DNA lesions that block virtually all chromatin processes. DPCs are induced by various exogenous and endogenous agents, but dedicated repair mechanisms were unknown. It was previously assumed that DPCs are repaired by canonical DNA repair pathways. This has changed with my recent discovery of a specific and conserved DPC repair mechanism. I established that proteases of the SPRTN family degrade the protein components of DPCs, which maintains genome stability and ensures tumour suppression. Strikingly, DPC repair by SPRTN is essential for cellular viability, which suggests that cells are constantly challenged with substantial amounts of endogenous DPCs. I hypothesize there is an entire unexplored pathway regulating protease-based DPC repair and that DPCs are key drivers of endogenous genome instability. I will employ genetic screening approaches and develop novel functional assays to systematically define the components and working principles of this novel DNA repair pathway in mammalian cells. I will determine how DPCs are detected in a chromatin context, how different repair activities are coordinated and connected to cellular processes such as replication or transcription. Moreover, I will identify the currently elusive origins of endogenous DPCs, by investigating the essential role of the SPRTN protease. My results will not only provide insights into an essential cellular quality-control mechanism but also unravel processes causing genomic instability in human cells. Importantly, many chemotherapeutics used in the clinic exert their cytotoxicity by inducing DPCs. My results will thus have imminent implications for human health and have the potential to reveal novel drug target candidates for combination anti-cancer therapy.

Mots-clés : genome maintenance,endogenous sources of dna damage,dna protein crosslink repair,sprtn protease
Projet ERC : TWIST (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Technical University of Denmark — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : DTU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 146400.0 €

This project aims to develop a proof-of-concept prototype of a wireless communication link based on ultra-high bit rate serial THz pulses. THz transmitters are known to be able to produce sub-picosecond pulses with frequency bandwidths in excess of several THz. In principle, this makes THz pulses able to carry Tbit/s data. This project will utilise these features of THz pulses and exploit them by amplitude modulating the THz pulses and stacking them closely together in time, thus creating a serial time-multiplexed THz data stream. This will be achieved by triggering THz pulse emission with an optical pulsed data signal. Optical serial binary data signals have been demonstrated to reach a record bit rate of 1.28 Tbit/s (within the applicant’s ERC project, SOCRATES), and applying these to THz transmitters with their inherent THz bandwidth, leads to the possibility of creating simple binary amplitude modulated baseband THz wireless signals at data rates of several 100s Gbit/s possibly approaching 1 Tbit/s. This is well beyond the currently commercialized 2.5 Gbit/s E-band (70/80 GHz) wireless technologies in microwave telecommunication backhaul, and also enables higher bit rate links than the so-called next generation wireless communication systems, which are mainly operating within sub-THz narrow-band frequency windows (200-300 GHz and 600-700 GHz), based on carrier modulation. The THz frequency band is expected to play a significant role in future generations of wireless communication technology both due to the large unallocated frequency ranges and due to the huge available capacity when using THz waves for baseband data communication. This invention could find use for 4G-LTE small cell backhaul, ultra-high capacity wireless video transfer (e.g. of live sports events), ultra-fast transmission of large medical image files or setting up ultra-high capacity mobile communication units in disaster areas.

Mots-clés : thz photonics,thz wireless communication,thz generation and detection
Projet ERC : YbFUN (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 330888.34 €

This project aims to establish a novel platform for fundamental tests in nuclear and particle physics, based on detecting isotopic variation of parity violation in atomic nuclei. Atomic probes in tabletop experiments offer a unique approach to testing fundamental physics, complementary to high-energy-physics experiments in large facilities. In particular, atomic parity violation (APV) provides a window into the effects of weak interaction in atoms. Recent observations by our team on how the APV effect varies among a chain of ytterbium (Yb) isotopes motivate the use of this method as a versatile probe of nuclear and particle physics. More specifically, comparing the APV effect in different isotopes of the same atomic species is a sensitive tool to study the distribution of neutrons in the nucleus, which in turn is closely related to the structure and size of neutron stars. The method is also a probe of additional vector bosons, beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Finally, the study of nuclear-spin-dependent contributions to the APV effect in isotopes with nuclear spin is a sensitive way to investigate intranuclear weak interactions, which are currently poorly understood. The objective of the YbFUN project is to substantially expand existing approaches to probing isotopic APV variation and to establish the method as a powerful tool at the interdisciplinary junction between atomic, nuclear and particle physics. Towards this goal, we will i) employ high-precision measurements of isotopic variation of the APV effect in Yb to probe the neutron distribution in the Yb nucleus and thus help answer questions regarding the size of neutron-rich nuclei and neutron stars; ii) make use of the isotopic comparison method to explore electron–nucleon interactions mediated by potential additional Z bosons; and iii) undertake studies of spin-dependent APV to advance the fundamental understanding of intranuclear weak forces.

Mots-clés : weak interaction,neutron skins,additional bosons