Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : INSULATRONICS (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed matter physics
Entité participante : Norwegian University of Science and Technology — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : NTNU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2140502.5 €

The proposal aims to facilitate a revolution of information and communication technologies by controlling electric signals with antiferromagnetic insulators and ferromagnetic insulators. We recently discovered that antiferromagnets can be active components in spintronics devices despite their lack of a macroscopic magnetic moment, and even when they are insulating. Conventional electronics- and spintronics-based logic and memory devices, interconnects, and microwave oscillators are based on (spin-polarized) charge transport, which inherently dissipates power due to ohmic losses. The research proposed seeks to determine the extents to which “Insulatronics” has the potential to control the electric and thermal signal generation, transmission, and detection in more power-efficient ways. Insulatronics is profoundly different because there are no moving charges involved so the power reduction is significant. We hope to establish the extents to which spin-waves and coherent magnons in antiferromagnetic insulators and ferromagnetic insulators can be strongly coupled to electric and thermal currents in adjacent conductors and utilize this coupling to control electric signals. The coupling will be facilitated by spin-transfer torques and spin-pumping – a technique we pioneered – as well as spin-orbit torques and its reciprocal process of charge-pumping. The core of this project focuses on the theoretical and fundamental challenges facing Insulatronics. Beyond the duration of the project, if we are successful, the use of spin signals in insulators with extremely low power dissipation may enable superior low-power technologies such as oscillators, logic devices, interconnects, non-volatile random access memories, and perhaps even quantum information processing.

Mots-clés : physics and astronomy classification scheme  pacs   75 76  j,72 25  b,75 70 tj,85 75  d,50 ee,76 50  g,75 30 ds,75 70  i,75 78  n,75 60 jk
Projet ERC : ENERPAINT (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of Liverpool — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149893.0 €

The proposal is focused on the innovation potential of thermo-regulating paints for effective thermal insulation and controlled release/uptake of the thermal energy in buildings. These thermo-regulating paints are based on the energy nanocapsules with encapsulated phase change materials, which are under development in ERC 2014 Consolidator grant No. 647969 "ENERCAPSULE", and current commercial paint formulations. The addition of the energy nanocapsules able to store and release heat will provide commercial paints thermo-regulating properties. The advantage of energy nanocapsules in the paint formulations is the isolation of the phase-change heat capacitors from the other components of the paint. This will keep the integrity of the encapsulated phase-change materials during heating/cooling cycles, prevent the interaction between paint matrix and phase-change material and, as a result, significantly increase the durability of the thermo-responsive paints to thousands of heating/cooling cycles. Project Work Plan includes two parallel Work Packages. First Work Package is a technical one and involves the development of the methodology for up-scaled fabrication of energy nanocapsules by controlled deformation dynamic mixing and application of the energy capsules as heat-controlling additive in paint formulations. Second Work Package is devoted to the market and legislation analysis of the innovation potential of the thermo-regulating paints. Application of such paints in existing old houses will considerably improve their energy efficiency characteristics without big investments into their retrofitting. Additional energy savings are foreseen during day/night switch where the thermal energy collected in paint during daylight is used for house heating during night. Innovation of new materials and technologies for storage and controlled release of thermal energy is critical for future green economy according to the EU Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency.

Mots-clés : encapsulation,heat storage,phase change materials,energy efficient home
Projet ERC : Herifuel (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : University of Manchester — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2477003.0 €

The proposal is to use our great synthetic control to examine the use of heterometallic cyclic coordination compounds (heterometallic rings, HRs) in two distinct application areas. One is of immediate impact: the use of the HRs as resist materials for lithography. This work has already been patented and is being developed as a means to fabricate devices that will be needed at the 7 nm node and smaller. The synthetic control also means we can make resists for extreme UV lithography (13 nm wavelength) which meet the tight specifications needed for industrial application. The second application is more long term, which is the proposal that such rings could be used as qubits in quantum information processing. Here we will build on recent work that has established a diamagnetic matrix in which complex polymetallic assembly could be incorporated. This gives us the opportunity of performing algorithms during the project and hence laying the ground-work for future developments.

Mots-clés : molecular spintronics,lithography,coordination chemistry,supramolecular chemistry
Projet ERC : RMAST (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Tel Aviv University — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TAU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1840625.0 €

The proposal studies deterministic problems in the spectral theory of the Laplacian and in analytic number theory by using random models. I propose two projects in spectral theory on this theme, both with a strong arithmetic ingredient, the first about minimal gaps between the eigenvalues of the Laplacian, where I seek a fit with the corresponding quantities for the various conjectured universality classes (Poisson/GUE/GOE), and the second about curvature measures of nodal lines of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian, where I seek to determine the size of the curvature measures for the large eigenvalue limit. The third project originates in analytic number theory, on angular distribution of prime ideals in number fields, function field analogues and connections with Random Matrix Theory, where I raise new conjectures and problems on a very classical subject, and aim to resolve them at least in the function field setting.

Mots-clés : eigenvalues of the laplacian,quantum chaos,analytic number theory,diophantine approximation,random matrix theory,nodal lines,random waves,function fields,equidstribution
Projet ERC : TRANSLATING MEMORIES (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : Tallinn University — Pays : Estonie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TLÜ
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

The proposed project offers a new understanding of transnational memory as a process of translation by focusing on post-Soviet Eastern European attempts to make their local histories of the Second World War and the Socialist regime known globally. It examines these efforts through aesthetic media of memory – literature, film and art – that circulate globally and bring local experiences to global audiences and through the heated public debates that these works of art have provoked in different national and transnational contexts. It argues that the recently reinforced comparative and competitive political discourses about twentieth-century totalitarianisms in Eastern Europe can only be understood by exploring the arts that have developed more productive comparative and translational approaches and can therefore help to untangle the most recalcitrant nodes of confrontational political discourses and addressing the ethical and political complexity of remembering war and state terror. The project innovates methodologically by bringing together transcultural memory studies, translation theory and world literature studies to offer translation as a new model for conceptualising the transnational travel of memories that operates through transcultural memorial forms. What memorial forms have been used to make Eastern European memories intelligible in the global arena? What is gained and what is lost in this translation? What can the different ways that aesthetic acts of memory are received nationally and transnationally tell us about the frictions between these scales of memory and within the national itself? How has the globalisation of memory practices reinforced national memory in Eastern Europe? In providing the answers to these questions the project offers a transnational view of Eastern European attempts to negotiate their entangled histories of twentieth-century totalitarianisms within the global framework.
Projet ERC : McHAP (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Entité participante : Warsaw University of Life Sciences — Pays : Pologne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : SGGW
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1413750.0 €

The proposed project seeks to open a new research front within the field of drug delivery to the solid tumours. Unsatisfactory response of tumours to chemotherapy is mainly related to impaired diffusion of the anticancer drug because of decreased drug uptake due to poor vasculature. Moreover, the drug is not able to penetrate the most hypoxic sites. Cells from these ‘untreated’ sites are responsible for relapse and metastasis. However, these avascular regions attract macrophages that migrate even to areas far away from blood vessels. Therefore, they might constitute a unique delivery system of drug containing particles to these parts of the tumour mass. A promising example of such particles that could be used are ferritins, whose caged architecture allows for efficient drug encapsulation and whose uptake from macrophage cells has been well demonstrated. My recent ground breaking finding was that macrophages are also able to specifically and actively transfer these taken up ferritins (loaded with the compound of choice) to cancer cells. Thus, these preliminary results indicate the possibility to use macrophages to deliver ferritin encapsulated compounds directly to the tumour cells even in its hypoxic areas. Then, the use of hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAP) which are selectively activated only in hypoxic regions will be exploited in order to make cancer therapy safer. However, the molecular mechanism of ferritin uptake by macrophages, their storage, and transport to the cancer cells represent key issues to be investigated and pave the way to the experimental design of the present project. In the present project, we will develop and characterize a completely new and modern approach to anticancer therapy and drug delivery. As such we expect to be able to precisely administer drugs to the tumour site (even to the hypoxic regions) where it is activated by tumour-specific conditions, avoiding side effects of anticancer therapy.

Mots-clés : cell based delivery system,ferritin,macrophage,cancer
Projet ERC : CAstRA (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe sciences
Entité participante : Max Planck Society — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : MPG
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 887153.39 €

The proposed project will significantly improve the insight in the processes that have changed a comet nucleus or asteroid since their formation. These processes typically go along with activity, the observable release of gas and/or dust. Understanding the evolutionary processes of comets and asteroids will allow us to answer the crucial question which aspects of these present-day bodies still provide essential clues to their formation in the protoplanetary disc of the early solar system. Ground-breaking progress in understanding these fundamental questions can now be made thanks to the huge and unprecedented data set returned between 2014 and 2016 by the European Space Agency’s Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and by recent major advances in the observational study of active asteroids facilitated by the increased availability of sky surveys and follow-on observations with world-class telescopes. The key aims of this proposal are to - obtain a unified quantitative picture of the different erosion processes active in comets and asteroids, - investigate how ice is stored in comets and asteroids, - characterize the ejected dust (size distribution, optical and thermal properties) and relate it to dust around other stars, - understand in which respects comet 67P can be considered as representative of a wider sample of comets or even asteroids. We will follow a highly multi-disciplinary approach analyzing data from many Rosetta instruments, ground- and space-based telescopes, and connect these through numerical models of the dust dynamics and thermal properties.

Mots-clés : comet activity,active asteroids,cometary dust,rosetta mission
Projet ERC : LogCorrelatedFields (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Weizmann Institute of Science — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1292500.0 €

The proposed research deals with the extremes of logarithmically correlated fields, in both the Gaussian and non-Gaussian setups. Examples of such fields are branching random walks, the (discrete) two dimensional Gaussian free field, the set of points left uncovered by a random walk on the two dimensional torus at times close to the cover time of the torus, the (absolute) values of the characteristic polynomial of random matrices, Ginzburg-Landau models, and more. The proposal builds on recent progress in the study of the maximum and of the extremal process of the two dimensional Gaussian free field, which was made possible by Gaussian comparisons and the introduction of a refined version of the second moment method. The proposed research will develop the tools needed for building a general and flexible theory applicable to general logarithmically correlated fields. Applications to the multiplicative chaos will also be considered.

Mots-clés : logarithmically correlated fields  gaussian free field  extremal process
Projet ERC : CASSPIN (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Bristol — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1467038.0 €

The proposed research has two overarching objectives. First, it aims to examine whether it is possible and appropriate to extend a novel way of measuring social class recently devised for the United Kingdom to other post-industrial nations for the purposes of cross-national comparative research. If it is, the project will begin to explore, through secondary and primary analysis of large-scale survey data, the different shapes and trajectories of the class structures – or ‘social spaces’ – of various nation states. This will involve examination of which classes and sub-classes predominate and which have emerged or declined, as well as the different gender and ethnic/nationality constitutions of the classes and the distinct effects these differences have for understanding cultural and political struggles and, ultimately, the distribution of power or ‘recognition’ in each country. Second, the project aims to explore, through both statistical analysis and qualitative interviews, how social class is actually lived, experienced and balanced against other pressures and sources of recognition in everyday life, with a focus on three specific nations: the United States, Germany and Sweden. Of particular interest in this respect is the balancing of desire for recognition through money and education – the two cornerstones of social class in post-industrial capitalist societies – and their associated lifestyles with desires for recognition and love within the family. The comparative analysis included in both research aims will be guided by the hypothesis that national differences depend on the nature of the welfare regime in operation, especially as it relates to the nature and extent of workforce feminisation, though the research will also be alive to the possibility of alternative – or no significant – sources of contrast.
Projet ERC : HyperMu (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : ETH Zurich
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 620931.25 €

The proton radius extracted from the measurements of the 2S-2P energy splitting in muonic hydrogen (μp) has attracted great attention because of a 7σ discrepancy with the values extracted from electron scattering and hydrogen (H) spectroscopy. Hundreds of publications have been devoted to the so called “proton radius puzzle” ranging from studies of physics beyond the standard model, to reanalysis of electron scattering data, refinements of bound-state QED calculations, new theories describing the proton structure, and proposals for new scattering and H spectroscopy experiments. As next step, I plan two new (i.e., never before attempted) measurements: the ground-state hyperfine splitting (1S-HFS) in both μp and μ3He+ with 1 ppm relative accuracy by means of pulsed laser spectroscopy. From these measurements the nuclear-structure contributions (two-photon-exchange) can be extracted with a relative accuracy of 100 ppm which in turn can be used to extract the corresponding Zemach radii (with a relative accuracy of 0.1%) and polarizability contributions. The Zemach radii can provide magnetic radii when form-factor data or models are assumed. These radii are benchmarks for lattice QCD and few-nucleon theories. With the polarizability contribution they impact our models of the proton and of the 3He nucleus. Moreover, the μp measurement can be used to solve the discrepancy between the magnetic radii values as extracted from polarized and unpolarized electron scattering and to further test bound-state QED predictions of the 1S-HFS in H. These two experiments require a muon beam line, a target with an optical cavity, detector, and laser systems. As weak M1 transitions must be probed, large laser-pulse energies are needed, thus cutting-edge laser technologies (mainly thin-disk laser and parametric down-conversion) need to be developed. Laser schemes of potentially high industrial impact that I have just patented will be implemented and refined.
Projet ERC : HyperBio (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : National University of Ireland — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : NUI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149923.0 €

The purpose of the proposed ERC POC project, as distinct to the parent ERC project, is to develop a rapid, cost effective solution to evaluate the quality of the entire surface of a biomaterial.

Mots-clés : chemical,imaging,hyperspectral,visible,near infrared,biomaterial
Projet ERC : RandMat (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : University of Geneva — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UNIGE
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1257442.0 €

The purpose of this proposal is a better mathematical understanding of certain classes of large random matrices. Up to very recently, random matrix theory has been mainly focused on mean-field models with independent entries. In this proposal I instead consider random matrices that incorporate some nontrivial structure. I focus on two types of structured random matrices that arise naturally in important applications and lead to a rich mathematical behaviour: (1) random graphs with fixed degrees, such as random regular graphs, and (2) random band matrices, which constitute a good model of disordered quantum Hamiltonians. The goals are strongly motivated by the applications to spectral graph theory and quantum chaos for (1) and to the physics of conductance in disordered media for (2). Specifically, I will work in the following directions. First, derive precise bounds on the locations of the extremal eigenvalues and the spectral gap, ultimately obtaining their limiting distributions. Second, characterize the spectral statistics in the bulk of the spectrum, using both eigenvalue correlation functions on small scales and linear eigenvalue statistics on intermediate mesoscopic scales. Third, prove the delocalization of eigenvectors and derive the distribution of their components. These results will address several of the most important questions about the structured random matrices (1) and (2), such as expansion properties of random graphs, hallmarks of quantum chaos in random regular graphs, crossovers in the eigenvalue statistics of disordered conductors, and quantum diffusion. To achieve these goals I will combine tools introduced in my previous work, such as local resampling of graphs and subdiagram resummation techniques, and in addition develop novel, robust techniques to address the more challenging goals. I expect the output of this proposal to contribute significantly to the understanding of structured random matrices.

Mots-clés : random matrices,random graphs