Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : IMPACT (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Integrative B iology : from Genes and Genomes to S ystems
Entité participante : Wellcome Trust — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 606142.0 €

The extending human lifespan and its associated accumulation of morbidities due to chronic disorders calls for new models to accelerate the early detection, prognosis and treatment of chronic conditions. To date, anchoring detailed molecular knowledge of disease processes with diagnoses of chronic diseases from ‘real-world’ biomedical data remains an open challenge.The immune system plays a central role in human health and survival, while deterioration of immune function is implicated in the development of many devastating chronic conditions. While many aspects of immune functions have been studied in exquisite molecular detail, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how lifestyle factors, environmental exposures and biology contribute to deterioration of immune functions during the human life-course, and consequently to risk of disease as individuals age. With this project we propose a new research paradigm to study chronic human diseases by combining the power of single-cell technologies with multimodal information of health states and genomics derived in large-scale population settings. In Objective 1, we will use state of the art statistical modelling on a world-unique dataset of 12M peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) generated by my group. We will combine immunological states with data from health records to discover cell states associated with markers of normal ageing processes, diverse disease diagnoses and environmental exposures. In Objective 2, we will use multimodal profiling and ex vivo experiments to validate genes and networks associated with disease-relevant cell state variation. In Objective 3, we will apply this new knowledge to predict the long-term risk of disease in diverse population settings. Overall, this project promises to add a fundamental new perspective to our understanding of the dynamic changes of the immune system over the human adult lifecourse, and its interaction with health and disease states.

Mots-clés : causal inference single cell biomedical records health data genetics population studies age related chronic diseases disease prevention cellular programmes gene networks
Projet ERC : LISTEN FLASH (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Université Paris Cité — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UP Cité
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 294821.0 €

Terrestrial Planetary Seismology aims to revolutionize our understanding of planetary interiors and seismic activity. After the Mars interior exploration by InSight seismometer, the next steps will be on the Moon, with three seismometer deployments planned for 2026/2027 : NASA's Far Side Seismic Suite (FSS) with a French spare InSight sensor, NASA's Artemis-3 Lunar Environment Monitoring Station, and the Chinese Chang'E-7 Lunar Seismometer. This ERC project hinges on detecting and locating lunar impacts, essential for constraining interior models, akin to seismic studies on Mars. It does this by deploying a network of three Earth-based telescopes to monitor Lunar Impact Flashes, complementing data from FSS and other lunar seismometers. This synergy enables precise impact location and timing, crucial for mapping lunar crustal and mantle structures of the lunar south hemisphere, including Schrödinger impact basin and South Pole shallow layers. Moreover, the project pioneers a multi-messenger approach in planetary science by combining seismic waveforms from impacts, high-resolution imaging of impact craters and impact digital twins to understand impact dynamics, lunar scattering and attenuation and lunar subsurface properties comprehensively. It aims to establish empirical relations between impact characteristics, seismic source parameters and seismic signals, enhancing our understanding of impact processes and enabling “natural” controlled seismology using impacts for future planetary exploration. With a robust implementation plan aligned with lunar mission timelines, this ERC project is based on partnership between IPGP and CNRS and promises to deliver groundbreaking insights into planetary seismology. It leverages expertise from planetary seismology, impact observations, and instrumentation, supported by international collaborations, to address fundamental questions about planetary interiors and enhance our understanding of planetary formation and impacts processes.

Mots-clés : planetary seismology moon mars lunar impact flash
Projet ERC : MathBEC (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université de Copenhague — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2198091.0 €

We propose a project in mathematics with a focus on many-body theory in mathematical physics. We are especially interested in the mathematical tools involved in the description and analysis of the recent experimental realizations of Bose-Einstein Condensation. It remains one of the most important challenges of mathematical physics to rigorously understand the formation of condensates in interacting systems. This project aims to address that challenge. Progress on the problem of condensation has been made on certain length scales, and we aim to push the boundaries of these lengths with a view towards the end-goal of actually having a mathematical proof of condensation in a continuum system of interacting quantum particles in the thermodynamic limit. To approach this objective we will study various related systems and problems with the expectation of getting improved understanding by seeing the methods in a new light. To fully solve these simpler problems will require the development of new mathematical tools and the gain of critical insight. Some of these simplified problems are concerned with the energy of the Bose gas in the dilute limit, also in dimensions different from 3, as well as LHY-physics—specially prepared systems where the normally lower order correction terms become dominant.

Mots-clés : quantum mechanics,many particle systems
Projet ERC : WHENCE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université de Copenhague — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2446884.0 €

The Enlightenment attracts a lot of scholarly attention due to its relevance for the emergence of modern philosophical thought and the identity of present-day Europe. Yet, women’s contribution to the Enlightenment has been largely ignored. WHENCE will fill this research gap in an original and groundbreaking way by focusing on an hitherto overlooked geographical region, namely Europe’s North. By targeting the writings of Scandinavian women, WHENCE will provide results that describe the Nordic way of women’s Enlightenment. The guiding hypothesis is that this Nordic way significantly differs from developments prevalent in other regions of Europe, and that women played a decisive role in creating a sustainable identification of the Nordic countries with gender equality. The overall objective of WHENCE is to uncover and critically assess women’s intellectual contribution to the Nordic Enlightenment. This investigation includes two further objectives, namely, to change the standard narratives of the development of the Nordic Enlightenment, and to assess women’s role in the emergence of Scandinavian gender equality. • What was women’s intellectual contribution to the Nordic Enlightenment? • How does women’s thought change our understanding of the individual and of society during the early modern period? • What was the impact of women’s thought on the emergence of Scandinavian gender equality? To adequately investigate women’s writings, the project uses various methods in an original way. It combines classical philosophical analysis and archival research with new insights developed in gender studies and feminist history of philosophy. Moreover, WHENCE has a strong interdisciplinary outlook and uses the new tool Trajectories to relate historical findings to contemporary debates. Given the persistence of gender inequality in today’s society, the threats women are facing in the public sphere, and the upheaval caused by the MeToo movement, this project is essential and timely.

Mots-clés : nordic enlightenment,feminist history of philosophy,gender equality
Projet ERC : TimeNanoLive (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and Communication Engineering
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2498196.0 €

Despite the tremendous advances in single molecule localization microscopy mainly obtained on fixed cells, a major step is highly needed to transform it into a genuine live-cell nanoscopy allowing to understand biological processes in their full multi-scale nature from the individual molecule, to the cell, to the multicellular tissues. Currently, there is no solution to image with an acquisition speed compatible with the dynamics of living cells (>kHz), over a large volumes (>10000 μm3), with a significant in-depth imaging capability (>10 µm) without compromising the resolution (<10 nm) especially in the axial dimension. I will demonstrate that these challenges can be met without trade-off by proposing a disruptive approach which requires the entire illumination and detection strategies to be considered anew. Building on my achievements in super-resolution microscopy, I propose a disruptive optical implementation where a full-time coding approach allows to retrieve the space information, not only meeting the needed acquisition rate, but also bringing the richness of functional information (spectral, lifetime). In a first conceptual breakthrough, a new sweeping modulated illumination is introduced, where each point along the direction of the modulation can be retrieved through a unique frequency, without any ambiguity. By applying this frequency tagging in all dimensions, every single molecule event is described by a unique set of 3 frequencies. This unicity triggers a second change of paradigm, as emitters positions within a large field of view can now be retrieved in a camera-free setting. Fast acquisition can be performed by single monodetector, but the power of this temporal approach will be decupled by the ultimate technical advances of new neuromorphic detections. This unique in-depth information at the nanoscale will allow to finally decipher the structural and functional interplay in key biological mechanisms in living cells with unprecedented benefits.

Mots-clés : microscopy,super resolution,spectroscopy,live cell imaging
Projet ERC : TECHORDER (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université de Copenhague — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2496638.0 €

The regulation of digital technology is central to the growing geopolitical struggles in global politics, yet we know little about how the major players themselves perceive the key points of contention. The point of departure for TECHORDER is that global tech governance is guided not just by technical expertise, profit motives, or national security concerns, but also by ideas about the transformative potential of digital technologies, which are seen as capable of bringing about both apocalyptic and utopian outcomes. The project breaks new ground by developing a new theory and multi-method investigation into the emerging ‘global tech order’: the order constructed by the imaginaries, global authority configurations, and rule-making efforts that govern and legitimize digital technology and relationships between states and major technology companies. TECHORDER focuses on two of the most geopolitically contentious technologies: artificial intelligence and quantum technology. The project examines the visions of corporate leaders and employees at major technology companies like Microsoft, IBM, Tencent, Mistral and Tata, as well as leaders and officials from key states including the US, China, India, the UK, France, and Germany. TECHORDER investigates how these actors perceive the technologies, their own geopolitical roles, the global power configuration of participants involved in the negotiation of global tech rules. The project introduces a new multi-method approach integrating ethnographic observations, participatory mapping, surveys, interviews, computer vision and network analysis. TECHORDER significantly advances our theoretical understanding of international order, big technology companies, and 21st-century geopolitics beyond existing scholarship in International Relations. The project will generate crucial new insights into the hidden cultures, geopolitical rivalries, and norm-making efforts that shape the very idea of international order in the digital age.

Mots-clés : international relations theory international order digital technology big technology companies geopolitics geopolitical tech imaginaries sovereignty status hierarchy international political sociology
Projet ERC : ICD-Cancer (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Entité participante : Université Paris Cité — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UP Cité
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

The success of most if not all anticancer treatments depends on the (re)activation of immunosurveillance, as this has been documented for several therapeutic modalities, not only immunotherapy, but also chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. In response to antineoplastic drugs, malignant cells can undergo immunogenic cell death (ICD), thus exposing and releasing danger signals that act on pattern recognition receptors expressed by immune cells, in particular dendritic cells (DCs), to trigger the first steps of a therapeutically relevant anticancer immune response. Based on solid preliminary data and novel methodological approaches, we propose to obtain fundamental insights into the physicochemical properties and molecular mode of action of pharmacological ICD inducers (Objective 1), to create chemical-genetic systems for “synthetic” ICD induction for the study of ICD effects on the immune system without perturbation by pleiotropic anticancer drugs (Objective 2) and to identify new ICD-relevant immune checkpoints acting at the level of DCs (Objective 3). We will use this knowledge to generate an integrated view of the cancer-immune dialogue ignited, on one side, by malignant cells succumbing to ICD and, on the other side, DCs perceiving ICD, hence developing optimal strategies for the stimulation of tumor immunosurveillance (Objective 4). The concept of ICD has already been useful for patient-relevant biomarker discovery, drug development and trial design, strongly suggesting that a deeper exploration of this phenomenon will yield clinically relevant information.

Mots-clés : dendritic cells immunogenic cell death immunosurveillance
Projet ERC : GEMINI (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499079.0 €

GEMINI aims to advance fundamental understanding about the halide perovskite structure dynamic subsequently to photons absorption and how the latter can seed the early stage degradation. The state-of-the-art overflows of comparative ex situ analysis before and after ageing. This approach does reveal neither information on early stage degradation nor relevant information on their propagation. GEMINI has the ambition to fill in this understanding gap through a holistic approach to cover the multiscale degradation facets. For this, specific developments are integrated, in particular a table-top time-resolved X-ray scattering diffractometer to explore ultrafast structural dynamic in lab. GEMINI addresses all drawbacks of ex situ analysis and the constrains of the perovskite sensitiveness to high probe dose or high vacuum which itself contribute to the degradation. GEMINI will reveal live information resulting exclusively from in situ and operando approaches based on low-dose techniques, through specifically developed sample chambers and setup modifications. Ultrafast time-resolved and electron spin resonance spectroscopies, time-resolved and steady-state X-ray diffraction and live-scanning environmental transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined to the latest development in 4D-STEM/ASTAR are combined to gather comprehensive multiscale information about degradation upon all relevant ISOS stressors, one at once and in combination to assess the synergetic effects. GEMINI is built upon solid background competences with these advanced techniques to ensure impacts beyond the state-of-the art (SoA): (i) understanding perovskite structural dynamic and relaxation upon photo-excitation down to 1ps time scale, (ii) revealing the multiscale degradation pathways from seeds to long-range depending on ISOS stressors, (iii) networking with EU funded projects in the field to go beyond SoA materials analysis and implement predictive model for ageing.

Mots-clés : photovoltaic,degradation reactions
Projet ERC : ACT-SIGNAL (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Integrative B iology : from Genes and Genomes to S ystems
Entité participante : Université de Copenhague — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Transcription, the first and most crucial step in decoding the genome, is orchestrated by an extensive repertoire of transcription factors (TFs). These TFs transmit diverse signals to the nucleus, directing precise temporal and spatial gene activation programs. They employ a diverse array of transcription coactivators to impact transcription, including lysine acetyltransferases (KATs), an evolutionarily conserved group of coactivators found in all eukaryotes. Lysine acetylation serves as a hallmark of active promoters and enhancers, with the level of acetylation correlating with gene expression. Despite a strong correlation between acetylation and gene activation, the causal role of acetylation in transcription activation remains debated. Our recent research has revealed that inhibiting the catalytic activity of CBP/p300 acetyltransferase halts the transcription of numerous genes without impacting DNA accessibility or TF binding. A fundamental question that remains unanswered is whether acetylation is directly involved in gene activation, what the nature of acetylation sites involved is, and what are the underlying mechanisms by which acetylation regulates transcription activation. In ACT-SIGNAL, we will take an integrated approach, combining CRISPR-based gene editing, quantitative proteomics, and genomics to investigate the function of lysine acetyltransferases in proteome-scale acetylation and explore the mechanisms by which acetylation promotes gene activation. Ultimately, ACT-SIGNAL aims to establish an integrated model for acetylation-dependent dynamic gene regulation. This endeavor has the potential to provide a major conceptual advance in our understanding of how transcription factors and acetyltransferases collaborate to promote transcription activation – the crucial first step in genetic information decoding.
Projet ERC : UniGeoDyM (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université Paris Cité — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UP Cité
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1609028.0 €

Geometry and dynamics in the moduli spaces proved to be extremely efficient in the study of surface foliations, billiards in polygons and in mathematical models of statistical and solid state physics like Ehrenfest billiards or Novikov's problem on electron transport. Ideas of study of surface dynamics through geometry of moduli spaces originate in works of Thurston, Masur and Veech. The area is flourishing ever since. Contributions of Avila, Eskin, McMullen, Mirzakhani, Kontsevich, Okounkov, Yoccoz, to mention only Fields Medal and Breakthrough Prize winners, made geometry and dynamics in the moduli spaces one of the most active areas of modern mathematics. Moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces and related moduli spaces of Abelian differentials are parametrized by a genus g of the surface. Considering all associated hyperbolic (respectively flat) metrics at once, one observes more and more sophisticated diversity of geometric properties when genus grows. However, most of metrics, on the contrary, progressively share certain similarity. Here the notion of “most of” has explicit quantitative meaning, for example, in terms of the Weil-Petersson measure. Global characteristics of the moduli spaces, like Weil-Petersson and Masur-Veech volumes, Siegel-Veech constants, intersection numbers of ψ-classes were traditionally studied through algebra-geometric tools, where all formulae are exact, but difficult to manipulate in large genus. Most of these quantities admit simple uniform large genus approximate asymptotic formulae. The project aims to study large genus asymptotic geometry and dynamics of moduli spaces and of related objects from probabilistic and asymptotic perspectives. This will provide important applications to enumerative geometry, combinatorics and dynamics, including count of meanders in all genera, solution of Arnold’s problem on statistics of random interval exchange permutations, asymptotics of Lyapunov exponents and of diffusion rates of Ehrenfest billiards.

Mots-clés : random square tiled surfaces,lyapunov exponents,moduli spaces of abelian and quadratic differentials,masur veech volumes,meandric systems,billiards in rational polygons,asymptotics of intersection numbers