Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : MARARA (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université de Cambridge — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1473013.0 €

Many of the most important questions in number theory and arithmetic geometry can be approached through the theory of Galois representations. A powerful tool to understand such representations is the Langlands programme, which describes the conjectural relations between Galois representations and automorphic forms. Landmark results in this direction include the proof of the modularity conjecture for (the Galois representations associated to) elliptic curves over the field of rational numbers and the proof of Serre's conjecture.  Dramatic advances in our understanding of the structures of the Langlands programme in the last 20 years have made it possible to extend the scope of these theorems, both to more general classes of Galois representations and to more general base number fields. However, the most general and conclusive statements remain out of reach, in large part due to our poor understanding of Galois deformation theory in the most degenerate situations.  The goal of this proposal will be to address central questions in the arithmetic of the Langlands programme by introducing new techniques into the study of Galois representations that are robust, powerful, and flexible. We will take a multi-faceted and cohesive approach that will lead to a greater understanding of fundamental open questions, and the proofs of new cases of important conjectures, in arithmetic geometry and the theory of automorphic forms, including the Fontaine--Mazur conjecture, the general form of Serre's conjecture, and the Langlands functoriality conjectures.

Mots-clés : galois representations,langlands programme
Projet ERC : ENTANGLEDFREEDOMS (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université d'Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UvA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2000000.0 €

ENTANGLEDFREEDOMS studies how practices and discourses of artistic modernism from the decolonizing worlds of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East entangled with plural and contesting notions of freedom during 20th-century decolonization and Cold War. Taking scopes of ‘freedom’ out of hegemonic Cold War binaries of western ‘First World’ vs. socialist ‘Second World’ values, I read it instead, in dialogue with its resonant global vocabularies of independence/liberation/emancipation, and via visual art. I argue that during Cold War decades of 1940s-1980s, decolonial modernisms from ‘Third World’ contexts of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East – with their visions of freedom as anti-colonial independence and liberation movements – both engaged with and resisted ‘First World’ notions of freedom as universalist individualism and socialist ‘Second World’ notions of freedoms as revolutionary struggle. Drawing from the Caribbean theorist Édouard Glissant, I call these ‘relations’ of resistance, whereby decolonial modernisms relate with First/Second World ideas of freedom via difference – not in unilinear assimilation or resistance, or in pure refusals via ‘non-alignment’. In ENTANGLEDFREEDOMS, I lead a Project Team to answer collectively a research question not yet asked in the expanding fields of global (art) histories, postcolonial studies or even 21st-century decolonial theories: How did 20th-century decolonial modernisms visualize, entangle, and transform plural visions of freedoms across and beyond geographies of Cold War and decolonization? With its empirically rooted historical and relational methods, and a theoretically generative research plan for comparative decolonial aesthetics from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East – in relation with Euro-American histories – ENTANGLEDFREEDOMS is an ambitious, transnational project that puts entangled artistic and political imagination from the decolonizing world at the heart of a potential global historiography of art and freedoms.

Mots-clés : cold war decolonization entanglement freedoms modernism relation visual arts
Projet ERC : BELOVED (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Bologne — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1856133.0 €

“And what about magnetic fields?” This is likely the most frequent question in conferences that address any non-thermal phenomena of our Universe. From Galactic to Extra-galactic scales, the origin and amplification of magnetic fields is yet something we have to assume, based on a paucity of data and limits. Of particular relevance to a vast number of physical processes is how magnetic fields are amplified during the process of structure formation, that culminates in the formation of galaxy clusters. Recent discoveries have probed that magnetic fields permeate our Universe beyond the virial radii of clusters, up to intergalactic filaments. How these magnetic fields originate and how are they amplified are yet unanswered questions. We are entering exciting times for the study of the magnetized Universe, thanks to the development of large radio interferometric arrays, such as LOFAR2.0, MeerKAT, MeerKAT+, and ASKAP, that pave the path towards the Square Kilometer Array Observatory (SKAO). In the very next years, deep polarimetric and continuum radio data will blossom, giving us the unprecedented opportunity to discover the process of magnetic field amplification in the large-scale structure. However, it is only with the development of ad-hoc techniques and under a coordinated project which undertakes the many facets of this ambitious goal, that we can exploit this opportunity and unravel the origin and evolution of magnetic fields in clusters. BELOVED takes advantage of up-coming data, coupled with innovative strategies and the PI profile to unravel the processes of magnetic field amplification in galaxy clusters. This project will address fundamental questions not restricted to the physics of galaxy clusters but having impact on several inter-connected physical disciplines, such as astro-particle physics, plasma physics, and cosmology.

Mots-clés : magnetic field,radioastronomy,observations,intracluster medium,galaxy clusters
Projet ERC : STARGATE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Bologne — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999009.0 €

We are approaching a new space age, where safety and cost reductions are key factors to achieve a more democratic space access. A crucial component of this new era will be represented by autonomous systems able to safely complete their mission despite a harsh and vastly uncertain environment, (for instance the atmosphere of Mars or the gravitational field of an asteroid). A disruptive example of autonomous systems is given by SpaceX’s rockets, which are safely reused, thus drastically easing human access to space. The current optimal trajectory generation process uses deterministic models. However, this approach is valid as long as the real system does not excessively deviate from its abstract model. When this happens, a (sometimes critical) loss of performance occurs, due to the uncertainties’ effects playing a major role in real-world scenarios. STARGATE has the groundbreaking goal to change how trajectories for autonomous systems are computed by including uncertainties in the design through their stochastic properties rather than simply assess their effect with a-posteriori validation. The proposed methodology will overcome the so-called curse of dimensionality, a so far insurmountable technological limit for these applications, by using a novel, scalable approach coming from the interplay of two new theories, Unified Unscented Transform and Kalman-Pontryagin Sequential Consensus Optimization. I will forge the theoretical formulation and a numerical framework accompanied by realistic applications (e.g., Six-DoF rocket landing, asteroid descent, and spacecraft rendezvous) to demonstrate the versatility of this brand-new methodology. Finally, I will move to a real-testing stage by using world-class testbenches available at DLR. With my team made of 2 PhDs and a Postdoc I plan to pursue in the next 5 years the vision behind STARGATE: make a new, scalable and certifiable methodology to design robust optimal trajectories for autonomous systems a technological reality.

Mots-clés : stochastic optimal control,robust autonomous systems,convex optimization,statistics,pseudospectral methods,stochastic processes,processor in the loop,rocket landing,spacecraft rendezvous and docking,top notch test benches
Projet ERC : READIHEAR (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention,  Diagnosis and T reatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Hannover Medical School — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MHH
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1978875.0 €

Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in the elderly, and it is becoming a severe social as well as a health problem. Across the whole lifespan, from new-borns to the elderly, hearing loss impairs the exchange of information, thus significantly impacting everyday life, causing loneliness, isolation, dependence, frustration and communication disorders. Cochlear implants (CIs) are hearing prosthetics that stimulate the auditory nerve with electrodes placed inside the cochlea. CIs are gradually being implanted in subjects retaining low-frequency residual hearing. In general, these subjects obtain large benefits in speech perception from electric acoustic stimulation, although large variability exists and some subjects do not benefit. Therefore, it is highly desirable to create objective diagnostics to assess acoustic low-frequency hearing to indicate cochlear implantation, to monitor and preserve hearing during the implantation procedure and to understand the mechanisms related to electric acoustic stimulation benefits. The ground-breaking nature of the READIHEAR project is to investigate the fundamental interaction mechanisms between electric and acoustic stimulation across the auditory pathway, from the cochlea up to the auditory cortex. The fundamental understanding will set the basis for a new generation of diagnostic devices of hearing loss that combine for the first time minimally invasive electric acoustic stimulation. Moreover, READIHEAR will assay a novel auditory prosthetic that makes use of the interaction mechanisms between acoustic and electric stimulation delivered through minimally invasive electrodes. These developments will be beneficial for a large population suffering from hearing loss across the whole lifespan, from young children who will benefit from improved hearing diagnostics to the elderly population who will benefit from minimally invasive electric acoustic stimulation technology as the treatment for age-related hearing loss.
Projet ERC : SAt-Radio (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2222875.0 €

Astatine (At) is the rarest naturally occurring Astatine (At) is the rarest naturally occurring element on Earth, exhibiting only short-lived radioisotopes. One of them, 211At, decays with a half-life of 7.2 h by emission of a highly energetic alpha particle, making it one of the rare alpha emitters suitable for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) of cancers, if bound to an appropriate cancer targeting molecule. Because the number of cyclotrons able to produce it has seen a significant rise in the past years, it is expected that 211At will become more accessible and play a major role in the development of TAT.  Astatine belongs to the halogen elements, and despite more than 80 years since its discovery, many chemical properties remain to be discovered. This lack of knowledge is due to the absence of stable isotopes and the availability in minute amounts that preclude the use of standard analytical methods. Yet, research has shown that At behaves similarly to metals but also to halogens, forming bonds similar to its closest homologue, iodine, such as the carbon-At bond. This strategy is the main approach currently available to develop 211At-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. Yet, a lack of in vivo stability of the C-At bond is often observed, resulting in the release of 211At before it reaches its target and leading to irradiation of healthy tissues. Improving this stability is therefore a major challenge that remains to be overcome in order to unleash the potential of 211At in cancer treatments.  In this context the objective of the SAt-Radio project is to explore alternative bonding modalities to the C-At bond in order to develop novel radiolabeling approaches with improved in vivo stability. The strategies developed will exploit both the halogen and the metallic character of At, using analytical and computational approaches that have recently become available and making possible to elucidate the chemistry of this enigmatic elements at the trace concentration it is available.

Mots-clés : radiolabeling chemistry,halogens,alpha particle therapy
Projet ERC : Suprabot (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : IMDEA
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2871250.0 €

Biological robots perform complex biological functions such as cell division. Microtubule-asters, for example, use extendable ‘legs’ emanating from a central point to position themselves at the center of the cell or to mechanically pull chromosomes apart. Their legs are formed by dissipative supramolecular polymerization of tubulin dimers into microtubules, powered by guanosine triphosphate ‘chemical fuel’. This ‘Suprabot’ ERC-CoG proposal aims to make fully synthetic analogous of the microtubule-asters. Suprabots are multilegged micron-sized supramolecular robots that can change shape, move directionally, and show collective swarming behavior when in close proximity of each other. A single suprabot ‘leg’ consists of a supramolecular polymer bundle that is powered by chemical fuels and/or by light under non-equilibrium conditions. The needed reaction cycles to extend and contract a single ‘leg’, and the leg dynamics that are obtained under non-equilibrium conditions are investigated in work package 1. The legs are attached to a central point by accurately controlling (secondary) nucleation in a microfluidic device. This allows multiple legs to exert forces onto the walls of various microfluidic channels resulting in directed motility in work package 2. Finally, many suprabots are placed in close proximity, where they push against each other, resulting in collective ensemble-behavior. This leads to dynamic suprabot-lattices and collective swarm rotation if supplied with enough chemical energy or light in work package 3. Suprabots compete for shared resources and can develop predatory behavior. Suprabot serves as an integrative platform to bring together so far disjoint concepts in Supramolecular Systems Chemistry and Swarm Robotics, to bring us closer to biological-like functions in fully artificial chemical systems.

Mots-clés : systems chemistry,chemical fuel,light driven,supramolecular polymers,dissipative self assembly
Projet ERC : coralINT (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Environmental B iology, Ecology  and E volution
Entité participante : Fciencias.id - associacao para a investigacao e desenvolvimento de ciencias — Pays : Portugal — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : FC.ID
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1636559.85 €

Idea: CoralINT aims to deliver the ability to predict spatio-temporal change in biodiversity and the consequences of this change for ecosystem function. To achieve this aim, I will develop an Integrated Niche Theory linking three niche concepts: Grinnell’s niche (what a species needs), Elton’s niche (what a species does) and niche construction (how the species function changes the environment). The key to this integration lies in how species are sorted along each of the niche axes (environmental gradients, functional rates and niche construction rates). I will map the dynamic implications of different types of bivariate sorting to the development of positive and negative feedback loops. This new theory will allow predicting the indirect consequences of selection on one axis to change along the other two axes. I will test INT with environmental, compositional, and functional data extracted from 3D maps of coral reefs and its coral inhabitants. Ground breaking features: CoralINT sits at the interface between theory development and cutting-edge empirical data. I anticipate coralINT will produce 3D maps for a total area of >26,600 m2 with mm scale resolution, distributed among 100 sites along a 2,000 km latitudinal gradient. Within these maps we will follow >100,000 coral colonies through time, measuring and inferring structural and demographic rates across >200 species and environmental variation in space and time. Working at organismal and ecosystem scales will enable coralINT to develop mechanistic understanding of the processes connecting environmental, compositional and functional change. Objectives: develop a new Integrated Niche Theory; quantify the effects of the environment on corals’ distribution and functional rates; determine if function can be predicted from coral and reef structural traits; quantify the prevalence and evolutionary implications of coral niche construction. Feasibility:We have collected proof of concept data for each data type.

Mots-clés : theoretical macroecology,reef corals,community ecology,functional ecology
Projet ERC : ANTIMATTER (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : Université Queen's de Belfast — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999562.0 €

The ability of positrons to annihilate with atomic and molecular electrons forming characteristic gamma rays makes them a unique probe of matter, and gives them important use in medical imaging, astrophysics and materials science. Low-energy positron interactions with atoms and molecules are characterised by strong many-body correlations, including polarization of the electron cloud, screening of the Coulomb interaction, and the unique process of virtual-positronium formation (where a molecular electron temporarily tunnels to the positron). They have an overwhelming effect, causing binding, drastically modifying scattering properties, and enhancing annihilation rates by orders of magnitude. They also make the theoretical description of positron interactions with atoms and molecules a very challenging many-body problem. We will radically transform our state-of-the-art and unrivalled many-body theory approach in our EXCITON+ code [Nature, 606, 688 (2022)] to enable the highest-feasible accuracy and efficiency many-body theory description of antimatter-matter interactions, leveraging modern heterogenous high-performance computing to describe systems currently beyond reach of ab initio study. Predictive capability and the most accurate ab initio calculations of positron binding to atoms and molecules, and positron scattering on polyatomic molecules taking proper account of the correlations including virtual-positronium formation will be realized. Systems of interest will include DNA bases and molecules in aqueous solution relevant to positron emission tomography and positherapy, polyaromatic hydrocarbons found in the interstellar medium, and open-vacancy defects in materials. Moreover, the hitherto unexplored processes of positron-annihilation induced interatomic Coulomb decay and positron analogs of interatomic Coulomb electron capture will also be studied. The theory of antimatter-light-matter interactions will be developed.

Mots-clés : low energy antimatter positrons,positronium and antihydrogen many body theory light matter interactions scattering,excited states,electronic structure,computational physics,interatomic coulomb decay
Projet ERC : PhiBond (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999226.0 €

If the f-elements; rare earths and actinides, have many applications in various fields (catalysis, materials for optics, for magnetism, for energy and quantum technologies), major fundamental questions yet remain to be discovered. The nature of the interactions between the f orbitals, which have a low radial extension, and their surroundings is still in question. Indeed, if the buried-character of f-electrons confers their compounds with some of their properties, this particularly harms the description of covalent bonds of φ-symmetry. More specifically, the interaction of two φ-symmetry metallic orbitals, which would lead to the description of φ-bonds, is sorely lacking in the landscape of molecular chemistry. In order to exacerbate the interactions with f- orbitals, we propose to use the argument of symmetry, locking the f orbitals in an ideal configuration, which will make the description of φ-interactions easier to study. We propose to use original large aromatic ligands in order to synthesize compounds of high symmetry. This approach notably differs from the current one, which aims to sterically hinder conventional ligands with large substituents. Once the symmetry is locked, we will vary the electron count and the redox state, as well as the ligand field by modulating the 4f- or 5f-ion used, including transuranic elements. The organometallic synthesis of the these original 4f- and 5f-compounds will be followed by experimental electronic density studies as well as adapted spectroscopy, which will shed light on the interactions of φ−symmetry. Unusual radioelements, uranium and more classical rare earth metal ions will thus lead to an overall assessment of the necessary requirements to enhance the interactions and move towards molecules containing several f-metal ions and a small intermetallic distance. The redox and physical properties of the latter compounds will be engineered with the aim of forming molecules containing metal-metal interactions of φ-symmetry.

Mots-clés : f elements,organometallics,magnetism,spectroscopy,small molecules activation,metal metal bond