Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : EJCM (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : Ca' Foscari University of Venice — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1311355.0 €

This interdisciplinary project will contribute to the study of both Mediterranean magic and Jewish–Christian relations during late antiquity (III–VII CE) by providing a comparative analysis of the Jewish and Christian magical texts and objects (e.g., amulets and incantation bowls) that is informed by an innovative, synthetic interpretative framework. This project will investigate the contacts between Jewish and Christian practitioners as well as the dynamics of religious assimilation, cooperation, and differentiation in the everyday lives of ancient Jews and Christians. Although scholarly study of the early Jewish and Christian practices, rituals, and texts deemed “magical” has blossomed over the past few decades, this research has tended to be divided along disciplinary lines, with historians of Judaism studying Jewish magic and historians of Christianity studying Christian magic. Independent from this line of inquiry there is a long history of scholarship devoted to early Jewish–Christian relations which has detailed the diverse ways Jews and Christians interacted in the ancient world. However, the study of early Jewish–Christian relations has not taken into serious consideration the “magical” evidence. In short, despite these respective lines of scholarship within and across early Jewish and Christian studies, there has not yet been a sustained analysis of early Jewish and Christian magical traditions in comparison and in contact. An interdisciplinary team (PI, 1 Postdoc, and 2 PhD students) will address this scholarly gap by examining local and global features of the magical artefacts – and the literary traditions about magic – from late-antique Jewish and Christian communities. In particular, this group will focus on the similarities, differences, and contacts between these traditions in four central areas of their magical practices: biblical texts and traditions; sacred names and titles; the word-image-material relation; and references to illicit rituals.

Mots-clés : magic,judaism,christianity,ritual,lived religion
Projet ERC : SYNSORB (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : University of Limerick — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2497298.0 €

This is the “Age of Gas”; disruptive new technologies must develop around the use of gases as fuels, therapies or feedstock chemicals. Specifically, new approaches to gas storage (transportation and delivery) and purification (commodities) are urgently needed to address the large energy footprint, cost and/or risk associated with existing technologies (e.g. chemisorbents). In particular, water and chemical commodity purification are global challenges, each consuming > 10% of global energy output. SYNSORB will reduce the energy footprint of purification processes through crystal engineering (design), characterisation (structure/function) and modelling (binding interactions) studies that enable understanding of how pore size /chemistry impact the properties and performance of physisorbents. Our objective is to find the energetic sweet spots that enable new benchmarks for selectivity and working capacity for gas (e.g. CH4, C2, C3) and vapour (e.g. H2O) purification at practically relevant conditions. Key scientific impacts include the following: (i) Understanding how pore size/chemistry impact selectivity, binding energy and kinetics of physisorption will afford fundamental knowledge concerning optimal pore size/chemistry for ultra-selective removal of both trace (< 1%) and bulk impurities. (ii) Trace gas removal from even binary gas mixtures was unattainable by physisorbents until recently, when new classes of ultramicroporous materials, HUMs (introduced by the PI in Nature, 2013, and Science, 2016) and AUMs were introduced. The nature of HUMs/AUMs means that they offer new benchmarks for selectivity by > one order of magnitude vs. zeolites and MOFs, thereby enabling removal of trace impurities. (iii) SYNSORB will address purification of multi-component gas mixtures that mimic real world gas mixtures by using bespoke sorbents for each trace impurity (see Scheme below), enabling 1-step removal of multiple impurities for the first time.
Projet ERC : BONDS (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : RCSI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1372135.0 €

This program’s goal is to develop a scaffold using a new biomaterial source that is functionalised with on-demand delivery of genes for coordinated healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). DFUs are chronic wounds that are often recalcitrant to treatment, which devastatingly results in lower leg amputation. This project builds on the PI’s experience growing matrix from induced-pluripotent stem cell derived (iPS)-fibroblasts and in developing on-demand drug delivery technologies. The aim of this project is to first develop a SiPS: a scaffold from iPS-fibroblast grown matrix, which has never been tested as a source material for scaffolds. iPS-fibroblasts grow a more pro-repair and angiogenic matrix than (non-iPS) adult fibroblasts. The SiPS structure will be bilayered to mimic native skin: dermis made mostly by fibroblasts and epidermis made by keratinocytes. The dermal layer will consist of a porous scaffold with optimised pore size and mechanical properties and the epidermal layer will be film-like, optimised for keratinisation. Second, the SiPS will be functionalised with delivery of plasmid-DNA (platelet derived growth factor gene, pPDGF) to direct angiogenesis on-demand. As DFUs undergo uncoordinated healing, timed pPDGF delivery will guide them through angiogenesis and healing. To achieve this, alginate microparticles, designed to respond to ultrasound by releasing pPDGF, will be interspersed throughout the SiPS. This BONDS will be tested in an in vivo pre-clinical DFU model to confirm its ability to heal wounds by providing cells with the appropriate biomimetic scaffold environment and timed directions for healing. With >100 million current diabetics expected to get a DFU, the BONDS would have a powerful clinical impact. This research program combines a disruptive technology, the SiPS, with a new platform for on-demand delivery of pDNA to heal DFUs. The PI will build his lab around these innovative platforms, adapting them for treatment of diverse complex wounds.

Mots-clés : tissue engineering,biomaterial scaffolds,on demand drug delivery,scaffold fabrication techniques,freeze drying,plasmid dna,diabetic foot ulcers
Projet ERC : XSPECT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Sussex — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 707169.5 €

This project (short name, XSPECT) aims to harness the emerging science of the predictive brain to deliver new insights into the nature, scope, mechanisms and (most importantly) the very possibility of conscious experience. The project thus explores and extends the vision of the brain as an inner engine continuously striving to predict the incoming sensory barrage. The key innovation is to consider this increasingly popular vision in the special context of embodied agents able to predict many of their own evolving states and responses – agents able to ‘expect themselves’. These crucial self-expectations span the interoceptive (targeting the internal sensory flows signaling our own physiological states, such as hunger, arousal, itch, and muscular and visceral sensations) and the exteroceptive (targeting the world, and our own behaviors as they might unfold over multiple scales of space and time). XSPECT explores the idea that such interacting states of complex, layered self-prediction hold the key to understanding much that is puzzling about conscious experience. The project is divided into three simultaneously active sub-projects. The first sub-project concerns relations between prediction, motor action, and experience. The second sub-project targets the role of interoceptive prediction in the construction of experience. The third sub-project considers ways in which more reflective forms of conscious experience (involving agency, selfhood, and the introspection of own experiential states) are further enriched by a spiraling array of socially mediated higher-level self-predictions. XSPECT will combine integrative philosophical argument, collaborative experimentation, and leading edge interdisciplinary research and discussion, leveraging two very successful but under-communicating research programs (‘embodied cognition’ and ‘the predictive brain’) to offer new perspectives on the puzzle of conscious experience.

Mots-clés : embodied cognition,predictive coding,predictive processing,consciousness,interoception
Projet ERC : HRP-IAEA (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : University of Erlangen-Nuremberg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : FAU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1779580.0 €

This project addresses the central question of how the International Atomic Energy Agency, a diplomatic and political international organization, came to dominate scientific institutions with a long tradition in radiation protection. Despite the importance of international organizations for the development of postwar science there is no work on the history of radiation protection in relation to the development of the IAEA. The project addresses this lacuna in a groundbreaking way: it analyses what is usually treated as a strictly techno-scientific issue—how best to protect us from ionized radiation—using methods from history, philosophy, and sociology of science, and in the context of international history. The main hypothesis is that scientific knowledge about radiation protection has been shaped by diplomatic, social, economic, and political concerns. This approach casts new light on important aspects of postwar history of science, combining attention to state actors, science diplomacy, and the roles played by international organizations. Given the enormous interest in radiation protection the time is ripe for providing a comprehensive social, historical, and political study of the role of the IAEA in the field. The main objectives of the project are: • to retrace the international history of radiation protection after World War II, focusing especially on the Technical Assistance Programs of the IAEA; • to investigate the role of the IAEA in sponsoring knowledge production in the field of radiation protection in competition with other regulatory agencies; and • to analyze the standardization of instruments, objects, procedures, and technical vocabulary as the main strategy used by the IAEA for guiding radiation protection worldwide. The project advocates a "diplomatic turn": diplomacy becomes analytical category in history of science. Highly interdisciplinary it brings together expertise from several disciplines, promising a significant advancement across them.

Mots-clés : history of radiation protection,history of modern physical sciences,iaea,international organizations,standardization,history of nuclear sciences
Projet ERC : QSpec-NewMat (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Max Planck Society — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MPG
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1620000.0 €

This project addresses the development of novel theoretical and computational tools that utilize the quantum nature of light to understand and control quantum phenomena in complex systems in and out of equilibrium. Some examples of these processes include exciton-exciton interaction, quantum coherence, assisted energy and charge transport, photochemistry, and new states of matter. The present project aims to build up the basic theoretical and computational machinery to allow quantum computations of the electronic and ionic dynamics of atomic, molecular or extended systems coupled to quantised electromagnetic fields and thereby set the stage for a new era in the first-principle computational modelling of light-matter interactions. To achieve this goal, we will combine the principles of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and quantum electrodynamics (QED) into a new quantum electrodynamical-DFT approach named as “QEDFT”. Insight, design and control define the scientific rationale of the project, which will focus on the discovery of the general principles that describe and control systems far from equilibrium and orchestrate the behavior of many electrons and atoms to create new phenomena/states of matter. Besides developing and implementing the new theory of QEDFT, we will investigate atoms and molecules with quantum optical fields; whether and how selected laser pulses drive molecules and solids into new states of matter that have no equilibrium counterpart. What happens when it enters these coherent states? The objective is to identify the spectroscopic fingerprint of those new states. Which states arise in the strong light-matter coupling regime? e.g. hybridized states such as photon bound states, exciton/plasmon-polariton states, so far still undiscovered states. The long-term goal is to deliver an all-out theoretical and computational toolbox for QED-TDDFT applicable to complex molecular systems (like presently approachable by DFT and by TDDFT).

Mots-clés : first principles modeling,tddft,non linear coherent spectroscopy,nanostructures  1d and 2d,decoherence and electronic correlation,optimal control theory,non adiabatic molecular dynamics
Projet ERC : 9 SALT (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of Vienna — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Univie
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1998566.25 €

This project aims at a better understanding of the philosophical richness of ninth century thought using the unprecedented and highly innovative method of the synchronic approach. The hypothesis directing this synchronic approach is that studying together in parallel the four main philosophical traditions of the century – i.e. Latin, Greek, Syriac and Arabic – will bring results that the traditional enquiry limited to one tradition alone can never reach. This implies pioneering a new methodology to overcome the compartmentalization of research which prevails nowadays. Using this method is only possible because the four conditions of applicability – comparable intellectual environment, common text corpus, similar methodological perspective, commensurable problems – are fulfilled. The ninth century, a time of cultural renewal in the Carolingian, Byzantine and Abbasid empires, possesses the remarkable characteristic – which ensures commensurability – that the same texts, namely the writings of Aristotelian logic (mainly Porphyry’s Isagoge and Aristotle’s Categories) were read and commented upon in Latin, Greek, Syriac and Arabic alike. Logic is fundamental to philosophical enquiry. The contested question is the human capacity to rationalise, analyse and describe the sensible reality, to understand the ontological structure of the world, and to define the types of entities which exist. The use of this unprecedented synchronic approach will allow us a deeper understanding of the positions, a clear identification of the a priori postulates of the philosophical debates, and a critical evaluation of the arguments used. It provides a unique opportunity to compare the different traditions and highlight the heritage which is common, to stress the specificities of each tradition when tackling philosophical issues and to discover the doctrinal results triggered by their mutual interactions, be they constructive (scholarly exchanges) or polemic (religious controversies).
Projet ERC : POSTDATA (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : National University of Distance Education — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UNED
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1131413.0 €

This project aims at bridging the digital gap among traditional cultural assets and the growing world of data. It is focused on poetry analysis, classification and publication, applying Digital Humanities methods of academic analysis -such as XML-TEI encoding- in order to look for standardization. Interoperability problems between the different poetry collections are solved by using semantic web technologies to link and publish literary datasets in a structured way in the linked data cloud. The advantages of making poetry available online as machine-readable linked data are threefold: first, the academic community will have an accessible digital platform to work with poetic corpora and to contribute to its enrichment with their own texts; second, this way of encoding and standardizing poetic information will be a guarantee of preservation for poems published only in old books or even transmitted orally, as texts will be digitized and stored as XML files; third: datasets and corpora will be available and open access to be used by the community for other purposes, such as education, cultural diffusion or entertainment. To accomplish such a ground-breaking approach, I have a hybrid profile, combining a strong philological background, specialized in poetry and metrics, with a deep knowledge of Digital Humanities proven by my leadership and experience in interdisciplinary projects. Since 2011, I am the Principal Investigator of the first Digital Repertoire of Medieval Spanish Poetry (ReMetCa), an innovative project that combines traditional metrical analysis with digital text encoding, and since 2014 I am the Academic Director of LINHD, The Digital Humanities Innovation Lab created at UNED as a research interdisciplinary centre.

Mots-clés : digital humanities,linked open data,text encoding initiative,metrics,poetry,semantic web,interoperability,standardization
Projet ERC : POSTDATA (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : Indra (Spain) — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

This project aims at bridging the digital gap among traditional cultural assets and the growing world of data. It is focused on poetry analysis, classification and publication, applying Digital Humanities methods of academic analysis -such as XML-TEI encoding- in order to look for standardization. Interoperability problems between the different poetry collections are solved by using semantic web technologies to link and publish literary datasets in a structured way in the linked data cloud. The advantages of making poetry available online as machine-readable linked data are threefold: first, the academic community will have an accessible digital platform to work with poetic corpora and to contribute to its enrichment with their own texts; second, this way of encoding and standardizing poetic information will be a guarantee of preservation for poems published only in old books or even transmitted orally, as texts will be digitized and stored as XML files; third: datasets and corpora will be available and open access to be used by the community for other purposes, such as education, cultural diffusion or entertainment. To accomplish such a ground-breaking approach, I have a hybrid profile, combining a strong philological background, specialized in poetry and metrics, with a deep knowledge of Digital Humanities proven by my leadership and experience in interdisciplinary projects. Since 2011, I am the Principal Investigator of the first Digital Repertoire of Medieval Spanish Poetry (ReMetCa), an innovative project that combines traditional metrical analysis with digital text encoding, and since 2014 I am the Academic Director of LINHD, The Digital Humanities Innovation Lab created at UNED as a research interdisciplinary centre.

Mots-clés : digital humanities,linked open data,text encoding initiative,metrics,poetry,semantic web,interoperability,standardization
Projet ERC : xPRINT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Scuola Normale Superiore — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : SNS
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 220050.0 €

This project aims at developing four-dimensional printing of new adaptive systems, namely printing of complex, three-dimensional polymer objects embedding functional compounds and able to change or adapt their physical properties responding to environmental stimuli. Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects relies on depositing or curing materials in a layer-by-layer fashion, starting from computer assisted design. These technologies have rapidly evolved from laboratory research to commercially available desktop systems, with costs decreasing continuously. Notwithstanding such astonishing progress, the potentialities of three-dimensional printing are still poorly exploited in terms of both materials and process resolution. This project will shed new light on the fundamental aspects of three-dimensional polymerization, thus establishing new process design rules and predictive tools for printing resolution. It will also specifically engineer additive manufacturing for printing materials embedding active compounds, thus leading to real four-dimensional objects, namely structures that have three-dimensional features and time-changing physical properties at the same time. An integrated approach will be pursued to this aim, where modeling and process engineering will be complemented by process monitoring, in order to establish well defined and reproducible methods for four-dimensional printing of photonic structures. The operation of the adaptive components, for optical computing and data storage, will be based on their nonlinear response to optical inputs. Leading to a new and pioneering laboratory on four-dimensional printing technologies, this project will critically consolidate scientific independence.

Mots-clés : three dimensional printing,adaptive materials,additive manufacturing