Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : wHiSPER (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : Italian Institute of Technology — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1749375.0 €

Perception is a complex process, where prior knowledge is incorporated into the current percept to help the brain cope with sensory uncertainty. A crucial question is how this mechanism changes during interaction, when the brain is faced with two conflicting goals: either optimizing individual perception by using internal priors, or maximizing perceptual alignment with the partner, by limiting the reliance on individual priors. wHiSPER proposes to study for the first time how visual perception of space and time is modified during interaction, by moving the investigation to an interactive shared context, where two agents dynamically influence each other. To allow for scrupulous and systematic control during interaction, wHiSPER will use a humanoid robot as a controllable interactive agent. The research will be articulated along five main objectives: i) determine how being involved in an interactive context influences perceptual inference; ii) assess how perceptual priors generalize to the observation of other’s actions; iii) understand whether and how individual perception aligns to others’ priors; iv) assess how is it possible to enable shared perception with a robot and v) determine whether perceptual inference during interaction is modified with aging, when lowered sensory acuity could increase priors relevance. To these aims wHiSPER will exploit rigorous psychophysical methods, Bayesian modeling and human-robot interaction, by adapting well-established paradigms in the study of visual perception to a novel interactive context. In several experiments the humanoid robot and the participants will be shown simple temporal or spatial perceptual stimuli that they will have to perceive either to reproduce them or to perform a coordinated joint action (as passing an object). The measures of the reproduced intervals and of the kinematics of the actions will allow to quantify through Bayesian modeling how social interaction influences visual perception.

Mots-clés : social interaction,joint action
Projet ERC : PERCEPT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UvA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 575000.0 €

Perception is more than meet’s the eye; how we see the world is critically shaped by attention (what is relevant) and as a growing body of work indicates, by past experience (what is likely). Overturning the classical notion of perception as a largely bottom-up process, the idea that our brain is a prediction machine, continually trying to predict what is ‘out there’ based on past experience, is quickly growing in stature and influence. Yet, little is still known about how predictions shape perceptual experience. Moreover, it is completely unknown to what extent predictive processing occurs automatically. Lastly, how the brain ultimately ‘decides’ on one hypothesis or interpretation of the current sensory state is still unclear. The proposed research program will address these outstanding questions with the ultimate aim to better understand how the brain infers the world and the mechanisms that give rise to perceptual experience. It will do so through an integrated application of psychophysical, neuroimaging, brain stimulation, mathematical modelling, and pharmacological techniques. The research program comprises three projects. The first project will examine how expectations are implemented in the brain and shape stimulus processing, independently from and aided by attention. The second project will reveal if one can teach oneself to be free of expectation and associated habitual responding, through intensive mental training, as cultivated by meditation. The third project will test the idea that the striatum, a subcortical brain region, and its irrigation by the neurotransmitter dopamine play a critical role in updating our internal model about the environment and thereby conscious perception. The proposed research will be critical in elucidating the mechanisms that underlie experience and the extent to which these mechanisms are plastic, and will have important implications for the study of clinical disorders characterized by dysfunctional experience of the world.

Mots-clés : brain
Projet ERC : PERCEPT (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : VU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 924938.0 €

Perception is more than meet’s the eye; how we see the world is critically shaped by attention (what is relevant) and as a growing body of work indicates, by past experience (what is likely). Overturning the classical notion of perception as a largely bottom-up process, the idea that our brain is a prediction machine, continually trying to predict what is ‘out there’ based on past experience, is quickly growing in stature and influence. Yet, little is still known about how predictions shape perceptual experience. Moreover, it is completely unknown to what extent predictive processing occurs automatically. Lastly, how the brain ultimately ‘decides’ on one hypothesis or interpretation of the current sensory state is still unclear. The proposed research program will address these outstanding questions with the ultimate aim to better understand how the brain infers the world and the mechanisms that give rise to perceptual experience. It will do so through an integrated application of psychophysical, neuroimaging, brain stimulation, mathematical modelling, and pharmacological techniques. The research program comprises three projects. The first project will examine how expectations are implemented in the brain and shape stimulus processing, independently from and aided by attention. The second project will reveal if one can teach oneself to be free of expectation and associated habitual responding, through intensive mental training, as cultivated by meditation. The third project will test the idea that the striatum, a subcortical brain region, and its irrigation by the neurotransmitter dopamine play a critical role in updating our internal model about the environment and thereby conscious perception. The proposed research will be critical in elucidating the mechanisms that underlie experience and the extent to which these mechanisms are plastic, and will have important implications for the study of clinical disorders characterized by dysfunctional experience of the world.

Mots-clés : brain
Projet ERC : CMD-COAT (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : University of Liège — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Peripheral and central venous catheters are among the most implanted blood-contacting medical devices for short and long-term clinical applications, respectively. Despite implementations of in-hospital measures, catheters are often subject to infection and thrombotic complications, which result in longer hospitalization stay, higher health care costs, or even death. The CMD-COAT project aims at providing an innovative and rapid solution to this major medical, economical and societal need. The solution comes from our patented technology, referred to as Coatigel, that consists of grafting multilayer cross-linked nanogels with combined antifouling, antimicrobial and antithrombotic properties onto catheter surface. The combination of these properties can guarantee longer catheter clinical performance than any currently available products. Our project includes all the validation steps that will enable us to bring Coatigel on the catheter market. We will assess Coatigel compliance with ISO standards and compile the technical file for CE mark application in accordance with EU directives for class III medical devices. The whole process will be realized under the guidance of a company specialized in quality management to ensure optimal reliability and efficacy. The project also involves setting up partnerships with catheter industries to adjust our technology to manufacturing constraints. Via services of marketing experts, we will take on a competitive market analysis, including geographic segmentation, to position Coatigel in the catheter market. This project will result in the creation of a coating spin-off company with the exclusive right of Coatigel commercial exploitation. The presence of several big catheter manufacturers in Belgium is a main asset for our business success. All this will be achieved thanks to the help of local support in intellectual property management, consolidating industrial partnerships, and in contacts with potential investors.

Mots-clés : medical device,catheter,bioactive coating,anti thrombotic,anti infectious
Projet ERC : C-POS (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 59062.5 €

Person-centred care is a core health value of modern health care. The overarching aim of C-POS (Children's Palliative care Outcome Scale) is to develop and validate a person-centred outcome measure for children, young people (CYP) and their families affected by life-limiting & life-threatening conditions (LLLTC). International systematic reviews, and clinical guides have highlighted that currently none exists. This novel study will draw together a unique multidisciplinary collaboration to pioneer new methods, enabling engagement in outcome measurement by a population currently neglected in research. C-POS builds on an international program of work. The sequential mixed methods will collect substantive data through objectives to determine i) the primary concerns of CYP and their families affected by LLLTC & preferences to enable participation in ethical person-centred measurement (n=50); ii) view of clinicians and commissioners on optimal implementation methods (national Delphi study); iii) a systematic review of current data collection tools for CYP regardless of condition; iv) integration of objectives i-iii to develop a tool (C-POS) with face and content validity; v) cognitive interviews to determine interpretability (n=40); vi) longitudinal cohort of CYP and families to determine test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and responsiveness (n=151); vii) development of resources for routine implementation viii) translation and interpretation protocols for international adoption. C-POS is an ambitious study that, for the first time, will enable measurement of person-centred outcomes of care. This will be a turning point in the scientific study of a hitherto neglected group.

Mots-clés : patient centred outcomes,palliative care,paediatrics
Projet ERC : PGEN (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 142406.0 €

Personalized medicine is promising to change the health and prophylactics sectors, already showing large societal and economic impact. High throughput immune sequencing technologies give us insight into a unique personal medical record - our immune system’s memory of all encountered infections and the successful solutions our body found. Unfortunately, reading this record requires advanced statistical tools making it often inaccessible to biologists and medical practitioners. PGEN offers a solution that will fill this gap between modern technology and applications by developing commercialisation solutions for an immune repertoire analysis software. PGEN builds on the methodologies developed during the ERC Starting Grant RECOGNIZE to provide a user-friendly versatile software prototype that will give researchers in the life scientists and medical practitioners without bioinformatic training an overview of the statistical properties of the immune repertoires they are studying. PGEN will explore the impact on medicine and biotechnology of this software platform that identifies non-standard immune responses that can be exploited in vaccine design and novel personalised therapies. Currently no software exists that a medical practitioner can use to characterize the baseline immune repertoire of a healthy person. Knowing this baseline is essential for identifying immune system disfunction and applying immune repertoire sequencing technologies in biotechnology and medicine. The PGEN software platform will provide doctors and biologists with a statistical tool that will help them make informed decisions about treatment, prophylactics and future research. PGEN will pursue commercialization and market solutions both within academia, the biotechnology and medical sectors.

Mots-clés : personalized medicine,immune repertoires,software package
Projet ERC : PRO_PHAGE (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Entité participante : Forschungszentrum Jülich — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : FZJ
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1482672.0 €

Phages, viruses that prey on bacteria, are the most abundant and diverse inhabitants of the Earth. Temperate bacteriophages are able to integrate into the host genome and maintain as prophages a long-term association with their host. Illustrated by the development of mutually beneficial traits, this close interaction between host and virus has significantly shaped bacterial evolution. However, the immense genetic resources of phage genomes still remain almost unexplored. For the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy, we strongly depend on microbes as hosts for the production of value-added compounds. PRO_PHAGE will exploit recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS), single-cell analysis, and high-throughput (HT) phenotyping to evaluate the impact of phage elements on host fitness and to use this knowledge for the improvement of future metabolic engineering approaches. By combining an explorative approach with subsequent molecular analysis of selected targets, PRO_PHAGE will deliver novel insights into this genetic resource and will reveal the risks and potential for metabolic engineering by pursuing four major objectives. 1) Based on a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis, the impact of phage elements will be studied by HT phenotyping of selected strains. 2) The regulatory interaction of phage and host will be analysed by focusing on host-encoded xenogeneic silencing proteins and their role in the integration of foreign DNA. 3) The spontaneous activation of phage elements will be studied at the genomic scale to decipher molecular triggers and their impact on host gene expression. For this purpose, a novel workflow combining fluorescence-activated cell sorting and NGS will be developed, which will be broadly applicable for studying microbial population dynamics at unprecedented resolution. 4) Finally, the insights obtained will be benchmarked for metabolic engineering approaches in order to generate robust and flexible chassis strains for industrial product

Mots-clés : bacteriophages,prophage,phage bacteria interaction,virus,metabolic engineering,signal transduction
Projet ERC : LABPATCH (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : IBEC;IBEC-CERCA
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Phenilketonuria (PKU) is a congenital metabolic disease related to high levels of phenylalanine (Phe) in blood that, if not treated, can lead to intellectual disability, behavioural problems, and mental disorders. Life-long monitoring of Phe levels are necessary for PKU patients to avoid health (mainly neurological) issues. Currently available techniques for Phe assessment are costly, slow and take place only in clinical chemistry laboratories inside tertiary care hospitals, with a total analysis rate of one test every 1 month. Therefore, new technologies for frequent and rapid Phe analysis are required to improve PKU therapeutic efficacy, health monitoring and hence the quality of life of the patients. Here, we propose a fully integrated wearable patch for non-invasive self-assessment of PKU. The patch is designed to comfortably detect sweat Phe levels at home settings without medical expertise or expensive facilities. The patch contains electrodes modified with Phe-selective bioreceptors and is connected to a miniaturized controlling unit for electrode operation and wireless data transmission to external devices (smartphone, tablet, etc.). Overall, this project will provide, in an unprecedented manner, the fast monitoring of a rare disease with an integrated, compact, user friendly and non-invasive device. We aim at improving the way patients and doctors interact regarding the daily assessment of PKU. The produced devices will change how this rare disease is monitored, understood and will open new correlations between PKU and degree of health of patients. Furthermore, we expect that the concept of Lab-in-a-patch device proposed in this project will pave the way to the monitoring and assessment of other specific diseases.

Mots-clés : lab in a patch,phenilketonuria,fast non intrusive monitoring,device,bioreceptors
Projet ERC : RESPONSIBILITY (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1777298.59 €

Philosophical research on responsibility today stems from early modern debates about causal necessity and freedom of the will, and ultimately from the Stoic problem of reconciling ethics with physics. It is therefore mainly focused on scepticism about the existence of free will and on the question whether moral responsibility is compatible with physical determinism. The main premises of this project are that this focus is too narrow, and that the traditional problems can only be solved with a deeper understanding of the network of human capacities responsibility involves and the social and interpersonal context in which questions about responsibility arise. This in turn depends on a wide range of philosophical and scientific research that has been neglected in debates about determinism, responsibility and free will, in particular, legal theory, where the literature on the relationships between responsibility, liability and culpability is more sophisticated and more nuanced than it is in philosophy; biological systems theory, which has shown how the activity of more complex systems can harness stochasticity in the activity of the less complex systems of which they are composed; and the philosophy of action, in which the physical, psychological, ethical and intellectual dimensions of human agency are now more clearly articulated and better understood. The Roots of Responsibility will draw on all of these resources, in order to develop a comprehensive theory of responsibility, which cuts across traditional boundaries between metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and philosophy of law. It will foster collaborative research in these branches of philosophy, and include expertise in psychology and theoretical biology at the relevant stages.
Projet ERC : TOMATTO (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Politecnico di Milano — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : POLIMI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 4995200.0 €

Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) and charge transfer (CT) processes occurring in organic materials are the cornerstone of technologies aiming at the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and at its efficient transport. Thus, investigations of ET/CT induced by visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) light are fundamental for the development of more efficient organic opto-electronic materials. The usual strategy to improve efficiency is chemical modification, which is based on chemical intuition and try-and-error approaches, with no control on the ultrafast electron dynamics induced by light. Achieving the latter is not easy, as the natural time scale for electronic motion is the attosecond (10-18 seconds), which is much shorter than the duration of laser pulses produced in femtochemistry laboratories. With femtosecond pulses, one can image and control “slower” processes, such as isomerization, nuclear vibrations, hydrogen migration, etc., which certainly affect ET and CT at “longer” time scales. However, real-time imaging of electronic motion is possibly the only way to fully understand and control the early stages of ET and CT, and by extension the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics that come later and lead (or not) to an efficient electric current. In this project we propose to overcome the fs time-scale bottleneck and get direct information on the early stages of ET/CT generated by VIS and UV light absorption on organic opto-electronic systems by extending the tools of attosecond science beyond the state of the art and combining them with the most advanced methods of organic synthesis and computational modelling. The objective is to provide clear-cut movies of ET/CT with unprecedented time resolution and with the ultimate goal of engineering the molecular response to optimize the light driven processes leading to the desired opto-electronic behavior. To this end, synergic efforts between laser physicists, organic chemists and theoreticians is compulsory.

Mots-clés : attosecond chemistry,electron and charge transfer,organic optoelectronics,molecular wires,attosecond pump probe,quantum chemistry of attosecond molecular science,organic synthesis,carbon nanostructures