Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : ImpHandRehab (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Birmingham — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

The ERC proThe ERC project (MotMotLearn), underlying ImpHandRehab, aims to develop reward-based interventions that optimise motor learning in stroke patients suffering upperlimb impairments. MotMotLearn has shown that if reward-based feedback is combined with a distracting environment learning is robust to interference and resistant to forgetting; important components for a successful rehabilitation intervention. However, this work has highlighted several technical limitations which restrict our ability to apply this knowledge to stroke patients. First, an engaging virtual reality (VR) environment is required that enables reward-based feedback to be combined with distracting environments. Second, many stroke patients exhibiting upperlimb impairment are unable to open their hand (finger extension). Not only does this limit participation in rehabilitation programs but also restricts functional use of the arm. Crucially, existing hand-based VR-related equipment has at least one of the following issues; limited ability to measure individual finger movements, requires the hand to be in close proximity to a camera or is prohibitively expensive. Therefore, a clear gap exists for a sensitive, flexible and affordable VR-based product that focuses on hand function recovery. To address this, ImpHandRehab will use a state-of-the-art VR-compatible motion capturing glove which accurately collects individual finger position data without the need for a camera. Several VR tasks will be developed that focus on improving finger extension (whole hand and individual fingers) through the combination of closed-loop reward-based learning designs and distracting environments. These tasks will be optimised in healthy older adults and validated in stroke patients via the UK’s largest upperlimb rehabilitation clinic. ImpHandRehab will create an affordable, flexible, accurate, interactive and scientifically-validated hand-based rehabilitation product which patients will be able to use at home.

Mots-clés : motor control,motor learning,stroke,virtual reality,home based technology,hand function,reward based learning
Projet ERC : FLOVISP (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : LaVision (Germany) — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 22375.0 €

The ERC-FLOVIST project has focused on advancing Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) towards a versatile technique for the non-intrusive diagnostics of aero-acoustic problems. One of the milestones has been the use of Tomo-PIV to infer the instantaneous three dimensional pressure field from the velocity measurement. The use of this laser-based technique for the detection of pressure fluctuations both around and on the surface of aerodynamic models offers the advantage that surface pressure transducers do not need to be installed, along with connecting cables for power supply and data transfer. The technique has demonstrated high scalability and pressure fluctuations were detected from low-speed up to the supersonic flows. This is an important headway from standard technologies (surface pressure transducers and microphone arrays) favouring a broader utilization of PIV in aero-acoustics, flow-induced vibrations and bio-fluid mechanics. The potential of this innovative approach has been recognized in science. However, the industry lags behind with a more conservative position, partly justified by system complexity and the high skills required to perform experiments. Instead, when correctly implemented this method can lead to important economical benefits with saving of costs for the integration of instrumentation. The targeted industrial areas are: aeronautics (aircraft aerodynamics and propulsion), energy systems (turbo machinery and wind energy). In wind-energy, the study of unsteady loads may lead to designs that reduce fatigue loads and increase system durability. Also, growing interest in noise emissions from wind turbines requires increased capabilities for their aero-acoustic analysis. The proposal intends to move forward these capabilities from research labs to industrial facilities. The main task is bringing together the current advances of the Tomo-PIV technique to make it broadly usable by research centres and for industrial innovation.

Mots-clés : pressure,flow visualization,tomographic particle image velocimetry,non instrumented model,model morphing,rapid prototyping
Projet ERC : EnvJustice (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Autonomous University of Barcelona — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UAB
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1910811.0 €

The Environmental Justice Atlas (www.ejatlas.org) is a global database built by us, drawing on activist and academic knowledge. It maps 1500 conflicts. To improve geographical and thematic coverage it will grow to 3000 by 2019. It systematizes conflicts across 100+ fields documenting the commodities at stake, the actors involved, impacts, forms of mobilizations and outcomes allowing analyses that will lead to a general theory of ecological distribution conflicts. We shall research the links between changes in social metabolism and resource extraction conflicts at the “commodity frontiers”. Also other questions in political ecology and social movement theory such as the effectiveness of direct action by grassroots protesters compared to institutional forms of contention. Does the involvement of different actors, e.g. indigenous groups, relate to different conflict outcomes? How often does the IUCN ally itself to "the environmentalism of the poor"? Do mobilizations and outcomes vary across sectors (mining, hydroelectric dams, waste incinerators) according to project differences in economic and biophysical dimensions, environmental and health risks? Are conflicts on point resources (mining, oil extraction) regularly different from conflicts in agriculture? Can we track networked resistances against Western companies, compared to those from China or other countries? Resistance to environmental damage has brought into being many local and some international EJOs pushing for alternative social transformations. We shall study the Vocabulary of Environmental Justice they deploy: climate justice, water justice, food sovereignty, biopiracy, sacrifice zones, and other terms specific to countries: Chinese “cancer villages”, Indian “sand mafias”, Brazilian “green deserts” (eucalyptus plantations). Finally, are there signs of an alliance between the Global Environmental Justice Movement and the small European movement for “prosperity without growth”, décroissance, Post-Wachstum?

Mots-clés : social metabolism,ecological economics,ecological distribution conflicts,ejatlas,collaborative research,social movement theory,statistical political ecology
Projet ERC : MAPLE (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Lisbon — Pays : Portugal — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1592859.0 €

The Eurozone crisis forces us to reconsider the conventional wisdom that “Europe” has little effect on national electoral politics. MAPLE’s central goal is to analyse the degree of politicisation the European issue has acquired following the Eurozone crisis, in Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Spain in 2000-2016, and to focus on its consequences for voting behaviour. Our main thesis is that a fundamental shift has occurred in the vote function as a result of this politicisation: short-term factors of voting behaviour, such as economic perceptions as well as leader effects may have been structurally diminished in the countries which have seen bailouts and where citizens increasingly perceive the main policy decisions being directed from Brussels. To measure politicisation of the EU we will analyse both parliamentary debates and media outlets coding for salience and polarisation of the European issue. These measurements will contribute to understand how politicisation of the EU has underpinned political changes between 2000 and 2016 in the countries concerned. The analysis of voting behaviour will employ a social-psychological methodology in order to test the relationship between increased politicisation of the EU and short-term effects. MAPLE will create datasets for 12 newspapers, more than 60 political parties, 26 elections as well as conduct 12 web panel surveys of a representative sample of voters in the countries concerned. MAPLE is interdisciplinary: it combines approaches from social psychology and political science. It includes qualitative data collection (coding of newspapers and parliamentary debates) followed by qualitative and quantitative data analysis. MAPLE will ultimately illuminate the way in which Europe has decisively entered national electoral politics and with what consequences for the vote calculus.
Projet ERC : CompactDating (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of Manchester — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149924.0 €

The FNPMLS project (ERC n.648381) has successfully demonstrated that resonance ionization spectroscopy can be performed efficiently and with high resolution on an accelerated beam (CRIS). This novel and versatile methodology has been used to measure exotic nuclei down to rates of less than 20 atoms/second. In order to achieve these results the CRIS method has had to efficiently remove interference isotopes that would otherwise saturate the detectors. The key advantages of the method are its high selectivity, interference suppression and compact size. In principle it can be combined with mass spectrometry techniques such as ICP-MS and IRMS to enhance their respective sensitivity by more than three orders of magnitude in a compact table top device. This would have applications in the industries that utilize radioisotope detection for molecular labelling and dating. We believe that our methodology has the potential to significantly reduce the costs associated detecting isotopes such as 14C. In this project we will define and develop a commercialization strategy and effective route to market as well as produce a well defined IP position. A prototype device with autosampling capabilities will be constructed and used for benchmarking and validation tests that will further inform the marketing strategy. The final deliverables of this project will be a package consisting of a working prototype that demonstrates the ability to rapidly analyse biological samples and a commercialization strategy that has a clearly defined route to market and IP position.

Mots-clés : carbon dating,trace analysis,radioisotope detection,mass spectrometry,isotope ratio analysis
Projet ERC : FOGHORN (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and communication engineering
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2318719.0 €

The FOGHORN project aims at developing the theoretical and algorithmic foundations of fog-aided wireless networks. This is an emerging class of wireless systems that leverages the synergy and complementarity of cloudification and edge processing, two key technologies in the evolution towards 5G systems and beyond. Fog-aided wireless networks can reap the bene fits of centralization via cloud processing, in terms of capital and operating cost reductions, greening, and enhanced spectral e fficiency, while, at the same time, being able to cater to low-latency applications, such as the "tactile" internet, by means of localized intelligence at the network edge. The operation of fog-aided wireless networks poses novel fundamental research problems pertaining to the optimal management of the communication, caching and computing resources at the cloud and at the edge, as well as to the transmission on the fronthaul network connecting cloud and edge. The solution of these problems challenges the theoretical principles and engineering insights which have underpinned the design of existing networks. The initial research activity on the topic, of which the EU is at the forefront, focuses, by and large, on ad hoc solutions and technologies. In contrast, the goal of this project is to develop fundamental theoretical insights and algorithmic principles with the main aim of guiding engineering choices, unlocking new academic opportunities and disclosing new technologies. The theoretical framework is grounded in network information theory, which enables the distillation of design principles, along with signal processing, (non-convex) optimization, queuing and distributed computing to develop and analyse algorithmic solutions.

Mots-clés : network information theory,wireless networks
Projet ERC : HOLYLAB (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : Roma Tre University — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1829456.0 €

The Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land (Custodia Terræ Sanctæ, established in the 13th century) is a global organization that, thanks to a complex system of alms gathering, has ensured throughout the centuries the maintenance of the Holy Sepulchre and the friars’ presence in the Holy Land. Despite its importance in Mediterranean History, the Custody has remained understudied, and its rich archive scarcely exploited. Inspired by recent studies on Franciscan economic thought and accounting in Mediaeval convents, and deploying concepts drawn taken from organizational studies, HOLYLAB combines an analysis of economic practices on a local, regional and global level, with a study of the organizational structures and the mechanisms that enabled the Custody to function, attain its goals, survive organizational changes and maintain legitimation. The aim of the project is to study the Custody’s economic organization in the early modern period and, in so doing, to address more general issues concerning the global circulation of people, money and objects and the organization of early modern institutions. In order to do so, the project’s analysis will rely on a rich and unstudied corpus of account documents issued by the Custody’s headquarters – the St Saviour convent in Jerusalem – and its commissariats located in several Franciscan provinces. Methodologically, the project combines qualitative and quantitative approaches and bridges micro- and macro-levels of analysis by emphasising the meso-level of the organization. Thanks to the novelty of the subject, the use of unstudied account books, an interdisciplinary approach and an innovative methodology, HOLYLAB will both advance current research on Franciscan economic practices, and open new paths in research on the global circulation of people and objects, religious orders and sociology of organizations. Finally, by making available a large amount of data on the objects that circulated through the Custody’s global network, their

Mots-clés : custody of the holy land,ottoman palestine,franciscans,mediterranean
Projet ERC : GeneVision (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Telethon Foundation — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

The GeneVision proof-of-concept project spins from a major discovery made by the principle investigator (PI) within the RetGeneTx ERC project demonstrating that dual AAV vectors expand AAV DNA transfer capacity in the retina thus allowing delivery of genes whose size cannot be packaged in single AAVs. Thus, dual AAV vectors allow gene therapy of those inherited blinding conditions, like Usher syndrome type Ib (USHIB), Stargardt disease or other forms of retinitis pigmentosa, due to mutations in large genes from which the AAV platform, the best to date for in vivo gene therapy, was so far precluded. GeneVision’s objective is to bring this initial proof-of-concept in animal models up to commercialization for one retinal application, USHIB, which is particularly severe and early onset. By exploiting both the Orphan Drug Designation obtained from the European Medicina Agency and two patent applications based on data generated by the PI during its consolidator ERC grant, GeneVision will support the early phase clinical development to bring this very innovative gene therapy platform for retinitis pigmentosa up to commercialization. To do so the project plans to validate the business plan already outlined in the proposal, and seek seed funding to create a start-up company which would engage in all activities required to develop a phase I/II trial. If this is successful, the longer plan is to obtain two additional rounds of funding to support a pivotal trial to complete the data required to obtain market authorization and start commercialization. . The success of this project will lay the foundations for the development of therapies for other retinal and non-retinal diseases using dual AAV vectors.

Mots-clés : gene therapy,genetic blindness,dual aav,usher syndrome,start up
Projet ERC : iGBMavatars (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Entité participante : Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MDC
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

The Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and it is incurable. Two major challenges affect GBM clinical management: its heterogeneity (which treatment will best fit this very patient?) and its resistance to available treatments (will the patient benefit in any way from the chosen therapy?). Here we approach these questions with a personalized entry point. First, we aim to create “humanized” experimental models of GBM accurately reflecting patients at molecular level. These GBM Subtype Avatars models (GSA) will be exploited as “targeted patients” in personalized biology and intervention studies. Since GBM exists as molecular subtypes with similar histopathology but mutually exclusive genetic lesions and molecular features, we will generate GSA by targeting mutations recurrently associated with Proneural, Classical or Mesenchymal GBM subtypes into adult human neural stem cells (NSC). Evidence supports that these cells can give rise to high-grade gliomas when engineered with the appropriate genetic lesions. Next, engineered NSC will be orthotopically implanted into immunocompromised rats and the resulting tumors profiled for gene expression, DNA methylation and copy number aberrations. These profiles will be compared to those generated in patient-derived xenografts and biopsies. Second, to identify drug targets favoring patients’ response to the current standard of care, we will exploit GSA for state-of-art genetic screens in vivo. Specifically, we will seek for synthetic lethal interactions between DNA damaging agents and the GSA transcriptome using an in vivo CRISPRi screening approach. Third, to investigate the molecular basis of GBM heterogeneity in GSA models, we will combine genetic and immunophenotypic tracing with gene expression and epigenomic profiling. Identifying tumor-specific vulnerabilities in a dismal disease urging for effective therapies and its molecular fingerprinting convey conceivably rapid Translation in Oncology.

Mots-clés : avatar tumor models  adult neural stem cells,in vivo crispri screens,epigenetics and gene regulation,mechanisms of resistance
Projet ERC : GramAdapt (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Helsinki — Pays : Finlande — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UH
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1491493.0 €

The GramAdapt project researches linguistic adaptation by developing a synthesis of typological and sociolinguistic approaches to language variation. This novel framework enables combining typological data with rich sociolinguistic data into the same model and evaluating their relationship statistically. The main research question is: Can I prove with typological data that language structure adapts to sociolinguistic context? The project has 4 objectives: - to develop a methodological approach that makes it possible to combine typological and sociolinguistic data into the same model and to statistically research their relationship, - to understand the degree and nature of linguistic adaptation in the world's languages and whether it is independent of language-internal structural tendencies, - to analyze 3-4 sociolinguistic factors that are likely to drive changes in linguistic structures (language contact vs. isolation, multilingualism, community size, and prestige) via a sample 150 languages, - to analyze 3-4 broad linguistic categories that are prone to respond to changes in sociolinguistic environment (case, gender, and number) in the same set of 150 languages to support assessing linguistic adaptations. Three key methodological innovations will be created: (i) language structures will be analyzed typologically from the perspective of how difficult they are for adult second language learners, (ii) sociolinguistic environments will be analyzed across societies via using the idea of comparative concepts from typology, (iii) a new sampling strategy will be developed to draw conclusions from both large families and language isolates. This framework enables researching linguistic adaptations typologically in a principled way and it has the potential to forge a deeper relationship between typology and sociolinguistics and thus open new domains of inquiry. The results will create a strong argument for treating language as part of the general adaptive human behavior.

Mots-clés : sociolinguistic typology,language complexity,linguistic adaptation,language universals