Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : REIMAGINE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université d'Anvers — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499875.0 €

How do we imagine the decarbonized economy of the future? While research suggests that opposition to climate mitigation is often driven by economic concerns, we have little systematic knowledge of how decarbonization is actually imagined as a socio-economic transition, nor do we know about the economic images, symbols, narratives and assumptions underlying such visions and fears. REIMAGINE brings economic sociology’s recent interest in economic imaginaries and imagined futures to the study of climate (in)action. Its overall aim is to comparatively analyze and theorize how economic imagination fuels conflicts, frictions and impasses of decarbonization in Europe. A novel theoretical framework centers on social imaginaries of the economy, a concept describing shared representations of what the economy is and ought to be. It allows capturing and comparing economic imagination related to decarbonization, but can also explain enduring contestation with reference to dissonant economic imagination: visions of decarbonization that convey contrasting understandings of the economy restrict resonance between positions, make it hard to form coalitions or even recognize mutual interests. Substantiating this framework, an ambitious mixed method analysis explores decarbonization controversies within and across five EU societies (Ireland, Germany, Poland, Sweden, Spain). We will a) analyze media discourses and imagery to understand national frictions and develop a typology of decarbonization imaginaries; b) guided by visual prompts, interview local and national representatives from business, administration and climate initiatives to understand how economic imagination plays into conflicts of implementing decarbonization; c) apply correspondence analysis to interview results to chart major European fault lines and surprising coalitions. Overall, the project advances our interdisciplinary understanding of decarbonization and reveals challenges to a common European mitigation strategy.

Mots-clés : imagined futures,economic imagination,economic sociology,decarbonization,imaginaries
Projet ERC : TauTime (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Entité participante : Université de Lund — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1437500.0 €

The aging of the human population has catapulted Alzheimer's disease (AD) from a growing global challenge to an urgent socioeconomic concern. The hallmark of AD is the misfolding and aggregation of proteins β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in the brain, which can be imaged in living humans using positron emission tomography (PET). Recent clinical trials targeting Aβ have shown promising but modest clinical effects, leading to a shift in focus towards tau due to its closer association with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. However, tau accumulation is spatially and temporally complex and varies across individuals, complicating its study and therapeutic monitoring. This proposal addresses the need for agile research to enhance our biological understanding of AD while building tools that can aid clinical trials and patient management. I aim to construct TAU-TIME, a computational biology model of tau progression that integrates mechanistic knowledge and individualized data. TAU-TIME will simulate tau accumulation at the individual level and will facilitate testing of biological hypotheses in the context of human AD, where experimental manipulation is challenging. It will also serve as a predictive tool for patient-tailored monitoring, symptom prediction, and enhancing clinical trial power. The proposal encompasses three objectives: 1) optimizing TAU-TIME through integration of spatially-resolved mesoscale human molecular data, 2) leverage individual biological variation at baseline toward patient-tailored models, and 3) benchmark TAU-TIME models on longitudinal tau-PET and cognitive data in a clinical context. These objectives will be achieved through exclusive access to existing data from 2000 patients with extensive neuroimaging and cognitive data, cerebrospinal proteomics, and longitudinal tau-PET measurements over four years. Through these objectives, I aim to enhance understanding of tau pathophysiology, investigate the factors contributing to tau accumulation, and de

Mots-clés : alzheimer s disease,neuroimaging,multi omics
Projet ERC : SUperSAFE (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université de Lund — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

SUperSAFE "SUrrogate measures for SAFE autonomous and connected mobility" will address the problem of the safety evaluation of the interaction between conventional vehicles and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). The project builds on the notion that vehicle automation is posing new risks that the traditional accident-based and proactive safety analysis methods are unable to investigate. In SUperSAFE, I will select the relevant variables drew on the newly identified risks posed by CAVs, and with these I will develop a new proactive method based on surrogate measures of safety for studying the effects of the physical and digital infrastructure on the interaction between road users in a mixed-mobility environment. Also considering the benchmarks for cities’ liveability and transport sustainability that include road casualties as a primary factor, the European White Paper on Transport calls to reach zero fatalities by 2050 following Vision Zero’s policy (zero serious casualties). Recent statistics indicate a reduction of traffic accidents but also that this development has slowed and additional efforts are required. At the same time, CAVs are already a reality. Tendency towards vehicle automation is even more evident in the European policies which encourage member states to push with the introduction of vehicles with advanced driver assistance systems. However, the road towards full automation is still not open because there is a fear of crashes/injuries and low acceptance of potential CAV accidents. This is mainly because the CAVs’ behaviour vis-a-vis the conventional vehicles on the road and the digital and physical infrastructure is still unknown. To meet these rapidly approaching needs, I propose SUperSAFE, which will contribute to attaining the aforementioned European goals by developing a scientifically rigorous method of estimating risk based on the road users’ real needs to improve traffic safety in the transition period to fully automated driving.

Mots-clés : transport sustainability,transport externalities,accident reduction,traffic safety,connected and automated vehicles,road users behaviour,surrogate measures of safety,road users interaction,vulnerable road users,accident frequency prediction,safety modification factors
Projet ERC : REPRESENT (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : University of Technology Nuremberg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UTN
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 894155.0 €

Thinking about the world–what is and what might be–is fundamental to human life. The foundation for this world-understanding is laid in the preschool years of childhood. Around the age of 4, children begin to reason not only about the real world but also about what is possible or what people believe about the world. The acquisition of these abstract representations of the world is reflected in a major developmental breakthrough across domains of human cognition. The mechanisms that drive this breakthrough, however, are unknown. REPRESENT aims to clarify the cognitive and neural foundation of how we, in early childhood, come to represent the world in abstract terms. Based on novel findings, I propose that the maturation of a core network of the human brain–the Default Mode Network–allows children to decouple representations from sensory input and thus entertain several different representations of the world simultaneously. Increased connectivity to prefrontal regions and coupling to other cognitive networks are proposed to enable children to compute the relation between these representations, providing the foundation for abstract reasoning. REPRESENT will, for the first time, connect multivariate and connectivity methods in early childhood combined with novel task designs to reveal the precise neural representations that underlie reasoning about (a) different beliefs and (b) possibilities and their functional interplay in maturing networks of the brain. WP1 targets change in these representations and networks in preschool-age as mature abstract reasoning emerges. WP2 aims to reveal how infants, compared to preschoolers, represent situations involving multiple beliefs or possibilities. This new approach will allow REPRESENT to resolve longstanding questions of how uniquely human abstract thought develops, and how it is implemented in the human brain. This has myriad implications for developmental and cognitive theory, and for our understanding of the human brain.

Mots-clés : early childhood cognitive development brain maturation default mode network developmental cognitive neuroscience theory of mind possibility reasoning
Projet ERC : Star-Grasp (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Gand — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UGent
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1583000.0 €

Massive stars are fundamental engines in cosmic evolution, providing strong radiative and kinetic feedback to their environment through their copious ionizing radiation and energetic explosions. They also drive the chemical evolution of their hosts. Despite their importance, large uncertainties remain in our understanding of massive stars, including processes such as mass loss, interactions with close companions, and the formation of compact objects at the end of their evolution. The detection of gravitational waves from merging compact objects introduces an important new avenue to study these processes, with an associated large effort from the astrophysical community to understand both how these sources are formed, and how the observed sample can be used to constrain the existing uncertainties. Key questions that are critical to resolve these problems are:  - Which intermediate phases in the formation of gravitational wave sources can anchor their evolution? - Can we identify individual progenitors of gravitational wave sources in the nearby universe? - How do the final properties of a massive star relate to the resulting compact objects they form?  To address these, the STAR-GRASP project aims to produce a novel theoretical framework to connect constraints from electromagnetic observations to the observed sample of gravitational wave sources. To achieve this we will perform extensive simulations of single and binary star evolution, covering their whole life from birth to their final death-throes as merging compact objects. This will provide multiple predictions on the properties of binary systems with at least one compact object, as well as on the electromagnetic transients associated to their formation. Our new theoretical predictions will be testable in the coming decade, with the advent of large-scale multi-epoch surveys of stellar systems and transient electromagnetic events, as well as the rapidly growing sample of observed compact object coalescences.
Projet ERC : Gandhara Corpora (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université de Gand — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UGent
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

The foundation of the academic study of the development of Buddhism lies in the research of surviving textual material first composed in Indic languages over centuries before and into the first millennium. In the last several years, fantastic manuscript finds have surfaced opening new windows into the scholarly study of the development of Buddhist literature. I am one of the few scholars to have access to such material. This project represents a multifaceted, holistic approach to the study of an important and voluminous genre of manuscript witnesses from an early era of Buddhist textual transmission composed in Sanskrit in the Gilgit/Bamiyan type scripts from the historic region of Greater Gandhāra covering modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of Northern India. This project centers the study of two large, recently discovered caches of highly important early Buddhist Gilgit/Bamiyan type sūtra manuscripts and their place in the body of works from Greater Gandhāra. The first cache was excavated from the Mes Aynak archeological site in Afghanistan and the second is a collection of newly identified manuscripts held in a private collection in Thailand. The philological, paleographical, codicological, and critical research conducted in this project will examine textual and material production, transmission, and relationship networks in the Buddhist manuscript cultures of Greater Gandhāra and beyond in the first millennium of the Common Era. These results will be made permanently available through the development of a digital archive allowing for the creation of an akṣara database of individual syllables representing unique scribal identifiers, which will identify individual scribes across manuscripts and scriptorium networks, digital preservation of the manuscripts, their editions and translations, study of their textual, paleographical, and codicological features, and the direct comparison of the content of these texts with parallels in multiple languages.

Mots-clés : buddhist studies,greater gandhara,manuscripts,buddhist literature
Projet ERC : LYNCID (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention,  Diagnosis and T reatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Université de Gand — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UGent
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499412.0 €

LYNCID addresses critical gaps in our understanding of (severe) combined immune deficiencies ((S)CIDs), a group of debilitating inborn errors of immunity caused by T-cell dysfunction. Although over 100 (S)CID-causing genes are known, 30-40% of (S)CID patients remain molecularly undiagnosed, resulting in high mortality. Better knowledge and timely diagnosis of (S)CID represent critical unmet medical needs. Recently, my team has identified biallelic mutations in GTF3A, encoding transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA), in (S)CID patients with early T-cell differentiation block. TFIIIA plays a critical housekeeping role by transcribing 5S ribosomal RNA, essential for ribosome assembly and nucleolar stress regulation. Intriguingly, patient-derived cells experience increased G2/M cell cycle arrest during chemically induced nucleolar stress, evidencing an impaired stress response. Based on this finding, I hypothesize that TFIIIA deficiency triggers (S)CID by impairing the nucleolar stress response, thus unveiling a completely novel disease mechanism still to be explored. Using TFIIIA-deficient patients as a model, alongside cellular and zebrafish models, LYNCID seeks to uncover the hidden interplay between nucleolar stress and (S)CID. We aim to 1) elucidate the role of TFIIIA in T-cell development and nucleolar stress response, 2) unravel nucleolar stress response in T-cell biology, and 3) develop the ‘Nucleolar Stress Index’, a diagnostic tool to detect altered nucleolar stress in molecularly undefined (S)CID patients. LYNCID spearheads (S)CID research by uncovering new (S)CID pathways and providing unprecedented insights into T-cell biology and nucleolar stress. We will develop cutting-edge diagnostics to improve patient care. Overall, by revealing the role of nucleolar stress, LYNCID will substantially advance our understanding of immune disorders and can open new therapeutic avenues in other nucleolar stress-related diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration.

Mots-clés : primary immune deficiencies,inborn errors of immunity,t cell lymphopenia,severe combined immune deficiency,nucleolar stress response
Projet ERC : MicroT (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Immunity, Infection and I mmunotherapy
Entité participante : Université Christian Albrecht de Kiel — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

The microbiota has an enormous influence on human health. CD4+ T cells play a central role in controlling the interaction with the microbiota. By specifically reacting against individual microbial species, T cells enable a mutualistic co-existence with microbes. Inappropriate T cell responses against microbes are in turn associated with inflammatory diseases. Thus, the combination of T cell specificity and functionality form the key determinant for physiological versus pathological host-microbiota interactions. So far, research on T cell-microbiota interaction is almost exclusively focussed on functional T cell subsets, whereas antigen-specificity is rarely addressed. This is a significant roadblock for developing targeted therapeutic interventions for microbiota-associated diseases. The interaction with the microbiota poses two particular challenges for adaptive immunity: first, the extremely high diversity of microbial species, and thus potential T cell targets; second, microbes are persistent and thus probably encountered chronically. Currently, we do not know (1) which microbes are targets of specific T cell reactivity in humans, (2) how the (chronic) interaction with the huge number of different microbial species is regulated by T cell specificity and function, and (3) how alterations of these parameters contribute to microbiota-associated diseases. I developed a highly sensitive technology to detect and deeply characterize microbe-specific T cells directly from human samples. MicroT will identify microbial target species of human T cells and unravel the molecular mechanisms regulating chronic interaction of T cells with the highly diverse microbiota. I will define the impact of specific T cell-microbiota interactions on chronic inflammatory diseases and upon ageing. Answering these fundamental questions of microbiota-T cell interaction will identify specific immune or microbial targets as an essential basis for rational development of novel targeted therapies.

Mots-clés : antigen specific cd4 t cells t cell microbiome interaction t cell cross reactivity regulation of microbe reactive t cells
Projet ERC : SYMOPTIC (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer Science and Informatics
Entité participante : Université de la Ruhr à Bochum — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Noncommutative group optimization is a powerful emerging paradigm, which has already led to the solution of outstanding problems in computational complexity, algebra, and statistics. Pioneered by the PI and collaborators, it generalizes convex optimization from Euclidean space to the far more general setting of curved spaces with symmetries. Its unfamiliar kind of convexity has recently received much attention in statistics and machine learning. The symmetries are realized by noncommutative groups and imply a high degree of algebraic structure. This combination of symmetry and optimization promises to be key to fast algorithms and deep structural insight. Noncommutative group optimization connects important problems across a wide range of disciplines that appear unrelated at first glance: program testing and derandomization in computer science, estimation problems in statistics, isomorphism problems in algebra, the P vs NP problem and circuit lower bounds in complexity theory, optimal transport in machine learning, marginal and entanglement problems in quantum information, and optimization on quantum computers. This list contains both discrete and continuous problems, theoretical and applied ones, for classical as well as for quantum computers. They have been studied separately over many years by many authors. Here they are brought together in a new innovative way.  This project aims to develop the theoretical and algorithmic foundations of noncommutative group optimization and apply it to longstanding theoretical problems and practical applications. This has high potential for long-lasting impact at several frontiers of computation: in addition to contributing a new paradigm and widely-applicable methods to optimization, we aim to give efficient algorithmic solutions to difficult problems in algebra, make progress on the limits of efficient computation, and unlock the potential of quantum computers for optimization.

Mots-clés : scaling algorithms,operator scaling,convex optimization,geodesic convexity,non commutative groups,polynomial identity testing,invariant theory,orbit problems,moment polytopes,non commutative algebra,algebraic complexity theory,geometric complexity theory,quantum convex optimization,quantum marginal problem,quantum entanglement,quantum information