Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : PregDaT (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université Ca' Foscari de Venise — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1497984.0 €

Pregnancy dating, or the assessment of the duration of the gestation, is considered the most important step in the management of any pregnancy for obstetric and neonatal care. It is on the estimated starting date of the pregnancy that the whole chain of care (e.g. prenatal screening, childbirth plans) is established and access to a variety of critical pregnancy, childbirth and abortion options are regulated. Although considered a standard procedure, pregnancy dating varies greatly in accuracy and methods, and across services and countries, and depends on technologies, resources and skills of those involved. In this process, pregnant people’s embodied knowledge is often disregarded as unreliable. Despite bearing major and life-changing consequences, pregnancy dating remains largely unquestioned in the social sciences and in medical and public health literature. This has profound effects on how pregnancy has been theorised and empirically studied as well as on legal provisions and clinical practices. Through PregDaT, I will transform existing paradigms of understanding and studying pregnancy and reproduction by unpacking the black box of pregnancy dating, exposing its socio-technical and political components of pregnancy time, and exploring whether and how these generate unequal access to abortion and childbirth care for different groups in different locations. I will lead a multidisciplinary team employing qualitative methods from STS, anthropology, feminist legal studies, public health studies and visual design to investigate the process of pregnancy dating in 4 European countries, both in metropolitan areas and in peripheral locations. PregDaT will reshape scholarly understanding of pregnancy and pregnant subjectivities and temporalities, while intervening in the policies, practices and regulations of pregnancy and abortion care.

Mots-clés : reproductive health,reproductive justice,medical anthropology,socio cultural anthropology,feminist technoscience,temporalities
Projet ERC : PRIMERS (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : Université de l'Algarve — Pays : Portugal — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UALG
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

A hallmark of human culture is our unsurpassed innovative ability, which allowed us to expand into almost all environments on the planet and build the cultural world we inhabit today. By identifying the conditions driving innovations across primates, we can provide new insight into when and how humans developed this unique culture. PRIMERS will address this need by adopting a systematic and holistic approach to testing the catalysts of a watershed behaviour in our evolutionary history: the ability to make and use sharp stone tools (flakes). The advent of intentional flakes in the human lineage marks the first clear divergence between animal and human technology. With tools to access high-value calories, our ancestors now had the physical and cognitive resources to lay the groundwork for our culture. PRIMERS will use a triangulation approach to follow the emergence of flaking in appropriate proxy models: wild and captive chimpanzees, capuchins, and macaques. Objective 1 will define the baseline stone manipulation propensities of these species using novel artificial intelligence coding methods. Objective 2 will test two other major drivers of innovations: exposure and experience. An experimental paradigm with in-built controls, large sample sizes (N =350), and long-term testing protocols (approx. 4 years) will be used to empirically evaluate the cognitive and developmental primers of innovations. Objective 3 will systematically compare primate assemblages to some of the oldest human stone tools, allowing for inferences to be made on when cognitive capacities diverged between humans and other primates. Structural Equation Models will then determine the relative contributions and interactions between the measured factors. By testing three species, combining and upscaling experimental paradigms and implementing powerful modelling tools, PRIMERS will radically enhance our understanding of the conditions required for innovations, and with it, the primers of human culture.

Mots-clés : innovation,technology,evolution of tools,cognition,human culture,primate behaviour,comparative cognition,stone tools,flakes,ontogenetic development,propensities,experience,exposure,stone handling,early hominin evolution
Projet ERC : SCLoTHiFi (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Université de Belgrade — Pays : Serbie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1498239.0 €

Transport in strongly correlated materials is one of the central topics in condensed matter physics. Due to major prospects for technological applications, particular attention is paid to the cuprate superconductors, and by association, to kappa-organic materials and moiré systems. The last decade has seen great progress in the understanding of the generic high-temperature properties of these systems, largely based on the microscopic yet simplified interacting lattice models. However, there are multiple outstanding questions regarding their low-temperature physics.  The mechanism of the strange-metallic linear-in-temperature resistivity and its relation to superconductivity have so far eluded understanding. There is conflicting evidence for the quantum critical (QC) scenario, which is a common view that there is a zero-temperature QC point hidden behind the superconducting dome on the phase diagram of the cuprates. Recent magnetoresistance measurements in these and other materials contribute to a puzzling phenomenology. The factors that determine the magnitude of the superconducting critical temperature are also poorly understood. Further progress is blocked by the limitations of quantum many-body numerical methods.  To address these questions, we propose to employ a highly promising new approach to the numerical solution of the many-electron problem. It may overcome the long-standing limitations and allow for an unprecedented accuracy and control. The real-frequency diagrammatic Monte Carlo method will yield numerically exact results for the resistivity in a range of lattice models, at low temperature, and as a function of magnetic field. These results will help interpret recent experimental results, set new predictions, and open doors to reverse-engineering of functional materials. The tools we develop will be readily applicable to a wide range of condensed matter physics problems, and we will make all code packages publicly available.

Mots-clés : strongly correlated materials,electronic transport,magnetoresistance,unconventional superconductivity,hubbard model,diagrammatic monte carlo,cluster dmft,electron phonon coupling,disorder
Projet ERC : ORIGIN (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Société Max Planck
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1488649.0 €

The outer atmosphere of the Sun, the corona, is a unique plasma laboratory. It provides key insights into fundamental universal processes such as magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration. Yet, the very existence of the corona in itself is not well understood. It is composed of million Kelvin hot plasma trapped by magnetic fields, and overlies the much cooler 6000 K photosphere, the visible surface of the Sun. All sun-like stars possess such magnetically dominated hotter coronae overlying cooler photospheres. How do magnetic fields regulate mass and energy transport from the cool photosphere to sustain the overlying hot corona? This is a long-standing problem in astrophysics, which lacks a comprehensive explanation, despite proposals of different coronal heating models over the past five decades. The progress is hampered due to the lack of a solid, observationally validated framework of how the corona is magnetically coupled to the photosphere. We propose a holistic strategy to tackle this challenging problem of developing a framework for coronal heating by probing the elusive photosphere-corona connection and comprehensively testing the importance of different magnetic processes in the heating of the outer solar atmosphere. Through this strategy, we will identify key magnetic processes in the cool photosphere that regulate the hot atmosphere. Project ORIGIN will achieve this timely goal by exploiting unique, multi-wavelength observations from the recently launched Solar Orbiter mission, in combination with realistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, and thus gain ground-breaking new insights into the magnetic origins of the hot solar atmosphere.

Mots-clés : solar observations,magnetohydrodynamics,simulations,solar orbiter,heliophysics
Projet ERC : HeRiDe (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Studies of Cultures and Arts
Entité participante : Opificio delle Pietre Dure — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 100000.0 €

Although heritage science field already offers a wide range of tools for condition assessment of wall paintings, an efficient on-site full-field depth-resolved inspection is not achieved yet. In practice, heritage professionals often struggle to interpret complex and fragmentary scientific data. Conservators often face challenges in assessing hidden risks and localizing the depth of detected detachments, covered fresco layers, refills, and cracks. The main challenge in wall painting’s condition assessment is that it is inextricably linked to the architectural/archaeological support. The preservation of the pictorial layer, often unique and irreplaceable as in ancient frescoes, depends on the integrity not only of the surface but of the bonding substrate and the structure behind it. Informed and timely interventions by conservators are important to mitigate natural aging processes, and become crucial in case of extreme events (e.g. seismic activities, climate disasters etc.) or anthropogenic damage (both intentional and unintentional, including past restorations etc.). The HeRiDe methodology will be grounded in a scientific protocol that employs cross-correlation formulas to analyze full-field interferometric and thermographic datasets. This approach will differentiate hidden risks according to their characteristics and depth in the stratigraphy of wall paintings. The HeRiDe project seeks to exploit the maximum yet to be explored potential of the complementary full-field heritage science approach, testing and validating the results on wall painting mock-ups, and transposing the methodology to real case studies. To facilitate its real implementation, a dedicated open source software tool will be proposed to ensure broad access for all international heritage professionals. Finally, HeRiDe will enhance the accuracy of risk assessments and support more informed conservation decisions, contributing to the sustainable preservation of wall paintings worldwide.

Mots-clés : wall paintings,frescoes,conservation,heritage,non invasive diagnostics,deterioration,optics,physics,thermography,interferometry,shearography,digital documentation
Projet ERC : SigReg (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and R egeneration
Entité participante : Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Société Max Planck
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1834883.0 €

One of the enduring questions in biology is understanding why mammals, unlike amphibians, are unable to regenerate their limbs. Recently, our knowledge of this fascinating and clinically relevant topic has evolved from tissue-level observations in amphibians to comprehensive cellular characterizations. My research was among the first to uncover the cellular composition of regeneration using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), revealing the critical mechanisms of regenerative epithelial signaling center cell types (Aztekin et al., 2019, 2021). Building on this, my lab has established the equivalence of these cell types across species, including mammals (Zhong et al., 2023). Concurrently, we have developed novel, simplified models to probe their properties in detail (Aztekin et al., 2021; Skoufa et al., 2024).  The overarching goal of "Signal to Regeneration" (SigReg) is to determine the potential of mammalian regeneration by dissecting the properties of regenerative signaling center cell types. For this, we will employ our mammalian stem cell protocols, skin cultures, and adult mouse amputation models in combination with imaging and sequencing. SigReg will elucidate: (1) how signaling centers quantitatively and dynamically interact with other populations, (2) which environmental factors shape the epigenetic landscape to form regenerative signaling centers in adult mouse skin, and (3) whether grafting signaling center cells can induce regeneration programs following mouse digit amputations.  SigReg will establish the quantitative features of signaling centers while demonstrating the critical role of environmental and biomechanical factors in shaping a regenerative histone landscape in adult mice. By applying insights from amphibian studies to mammals, our findings have the potential to pave the way for inducing mammalian digit regeneration, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of regeneration and fueling research and the broader field for decades to come.

Mots-clés : limb regeneration,signaling centers,mouse digit tip regeneration,morphogen gradients
Projet ERC : Exo-PEA (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Trinity College — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499964.0 €

The exploration of worlds beyond our solar system aims to answer one of the most fundamental questions: Are We Alone in the Universe? Studying a diverse range of exoplanets is critical for investigating Earth-like exoplanets in the long-term as we develop the tools, facilities and techniques necessary for understanding their atmospheres in detail. Advanced telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and 30-metre telescopes (e.g. the Extremely Large Telescope, ELT; first-light ~2028) will enable direct exoplanet studies, but interpretation of these results will hinge on a thorough understanding of their complex weather phenomena. Exo-PEA is a transformational program that will utilise a novel combination of observational and computational data-driven techniques to reveal the physics of three critical weather phenomena in giant extrasolar worlds: clouds, winds and aurorae. Objective 1: Spatially-Resolved Investigations of Clouds My team will perform the first spatially-resolved investigations of clouds in extrasolar worlds, revealing the longitudinal and latitudinal behaviour of clouds. This objective will make use of data from JWST Cycle 2 PI Programs #3548, #3496 and #3486 as well as Co-I Programs #2965, #3375 and #3181.  Objective 2: Wind Speeds in Extrasolar Atmospheres My team will pioneer the study of winds in imaged extrasolar atmospheres by measuring vertically-resolved winds in an extrasolar world for the first time and significantly increasing the number of wind speed measurements that exist. This objective will make use of data from JWST Cycle 2 PI Programs #3548 and #3496.  Objective 3: Atmospheric Signatures of Aurorae My team will characterise the effects of magnetically-driven aurorae on extrasolar atmospheres for the first time beyond the solar system. This objective will make use of data from JWST Cycle 2 PI Programs #3548 and #3496.
Projet ERC : E-BEANS (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Trinity College — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499586.25 €

The conditions for the origin of life on Earth-like planets are developed during the last steps of planet formation, when the planetary system is 10 to a few hundred million years old. Of crucial importance are basic feedstock ‘volatile’ molecules for prebiotic chemistry, which could be absent from terrestrial planets that may have formed dry. The goal of E-BEANS is to study Exoplanets and Belts of Exocomets Around Nearby Stars to understand their potential to affect the presence of volatiles on terrestrial planets. Exocometary belts in the cold, outer reaches of planetary systems represent the volatile ice reservoir. Outer Neptune-like exoplanets can interact with them to send exocomets inwards, enabling volatile delivery to temperate terrestrial planets. Meanwhile, terrestrial planets continue to grow through giant impacts, massive collisions that can strip off their atmospheres, affecting their composition. E-BEANS will study these processes to enable major steps forward on several fronts. It will carry out a multi-wavelength exploration of the composition of exocomets in the terrestrial planet formation epoch, enhanced by the first model of the chemical evolution of exocometary gas, and it will link the derived compositions to exocomet formation locations, through population synthesis models applied to imaging survey data. E-BEANS will also study the diversity of planet-induced structure in exocometary belts, a signature of the planet-exocomet interaction necessary to scatter exocomets inwards, and will test an ambitious long-term plan to directly detect these Neptune analogs through ground-based mm/radio astrometry with future radio observatories. Finally, the program will explore the composition and mass of impacting terrestrial planets through the gas and dust they release as post-impact debris.

Mots-clés : exocomets,debris disks,planet formation,exoplanets
Projet ERC : FINABIS (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer Science and Informatics
Entité participante : Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Société Max Planck
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1482500.0 €

The algorithmic analysis of infinite-state systems is a central topic of theoretical computer science that is part of a popular approach to software verification. While analyzing infinite-state systems is indispensable when verifying software, finite-state sytems are far better understood and permit much more efficient analysis. In this project, I will pursue fundamental questions that arise when we want to abstract infinite-state systems by finite-state systems. The goal is to understand two types of problems:  1. Separability problems: Given two infinite-state systems, can we  find a finite-state overapproximation of the first system whose  behaviors are disjoint from those of the second system? Separability  is a basic task for synthesizing certificates for disjointness and  therefore safety properties in concurrent systems.  2. Closure computation. There are several non-constructive results  that guarantee the existence of finite-state overapproximations of  infinite-state systems that preserve some particular information. We  are interested in how to compute these overapproximations effectively  and efficiently. Examples include downward closures and upward  closures with respect to the (scattered) subword ordering. Efficient  procedures for closure computation would have immediate implications  for infinite-state verification tasks that combine recursion with  concurrency.   In addition to directly attacking well-known deep open problems regarding these fundamental questions, the project will also develop methods that will likely be crucial for resolving further major open problems in infinite-state systems. Moreover, the obtained results would have immediate implications for software verification in settings that combine recursion with concurrency, which is a notoriously difficult task.

Mots-clés : software verification,decidability,complexity,algorithmic analysis
Projet ERC : MitoPIP (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System
Entité participante : Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Société Max Planck
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1497500.0 €

Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to several neurodegenerative diseases and is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, yet our understanding of how mitochondrial biogenesis is tailored to neurons is very limited. My identification of a role for the phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)bisphosphate (PIP2) phosphatase SYNJ2 in local mitochondrial biogenesis connects phospholipid signalling with mitochondrial maintenance and mitophagy in axons. My lab is already utilizing advanced imaging methods to study RNA transport and local mitochondrial biogenesis. Recent advances in local lipid perturbations now make it possible to also identify lipid-mediated regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial biogenesis. This project spans all the way from mitochondrial biochemistry and signaling mechanisms to neuronal cell biology and local translation, culminating in how the molecular effects alter mouse physiology and behavior. We have preliminary evidence that PIP lipids are involved in the regulation of RNA tethering and local translation. This occurs at mitochondria-endosome contacts, which are enriched in PIP lipids. Likewise, contact sites between mitochondria and late-Golgi or lysosomes provide PIP lipids during mitochondrial fission, yet both organelles are rare in axons. SYNJ2a, which is a neuron-enriched splice variant, could underlie the special morphology of axonal mitochondria and contribute to axonal mitochondrial fission. Finally, PIP altering drugs are used for the treatment of mood disorders, and mitochondria and mitophagy have come recently into the spotlight for their role in neuropsychiatric disorders. Alteration of local mitochondrial biogenesis via altered PIP levels may provide a mechanistic link between mitochondria and mood disorders. MitoPIP will be of significance to patients with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, as it will advance our understanding of whether restoration of mitochondrial function in axons can be achieved through regulation of lipids.

Mots-clés : mitochondria local translation mitophagy phosphoinositol signaling endocytosis