Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : CLIMATE CITIZENSHIP (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Leyde — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

This project investigates how altering environments to adapt to or mitigate climate change depends on and stimulates changes in social contracts. Comparatively and ethnographically, it investigates when and how material transformations implied by adaptation gather new publics and produce new forms of ‘climate citizenship.’ By ‘climate citizenship,’ I refer to a form of situated globalism emerging from the articulation of existing, local social contracts (with their varying distributions of rights and responsibilities) and climate change as a global phenomenon. The project focuses on green infrastructure projects where material changes in environmental management depend on and create new political communities (or ‘publics’), citizenship agendas, and subjects. It hypothesizes such sites as experiments where not only new ecological and material conditions but also forms of citizenship are being prototyped and sometimes resisted. By examining this, the project will show how addressing climate changes goes hand in hand with reshaping citizenry, political coalitions, and more, and how this is being negotiated.  This leads to the project’s breakthrough question: how do green climate infrastructures depend on and stimulate transformations in the social contracts that are locally embedded in environments?  To answer this, the project will develop a collaborative ‘ecographic’ approach that combines data garnered through ethnographic methods and the ecological and other sciences. By deploying this method in dialogue and collaboration with officials, scientists, and citizens in Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States, the project will develop an analytical framework and vocabulary characterizing emerging international trends whose contours are neither sufficiently conceptualized nor empirically researched.

Mots-clés : climate change,climate citizenship,green infrastructure,anthropology of infrastructure,anthropology of citizenship,political theory
Projet ERC : SWEET DEGRADATION (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Université de Leyde — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, a hugely diverse class of biomolecules, are closely associated with health and many diseases. Carbohydrate metabolism relies mainly on glycosidases and glycosyltransferases which are carbohydrate processing enzymes (CPEs) that break and create glycosidic bonds, respectively. Controlling their activities is vital for understanding pathological processes in, and developing therapeutics for glycan-related diseases. Recently, new targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies, which disable disease-related proteins by degradation, have opened possibilities for proteins that are otherwise hard to inhibit. While TPD within the cytoplasm, cell membrane, and extracellular space can be achieved with current approaches, proteins in the Golgi apparatus can not be degraded by means of the current methods, yet it is a major cellular compartment where most CPEs reside. New TPD strategies targeting Golgi apparatus-resident proteins would be a major solution for CPE-related diseases with unmet medical needs. SWEET DEGRADATION aims to develop strategies that allow for the first time the degradation of proteins located in the Golgi apparatus, opening ways for a new therapeutic modality. The driving idea behind this proposal is that a molecule can be designed thatselect CPEs in the Golgi for targeted protein degradation. Such molecules, which I term GolgiTACs, will link a CPE to a Golgi transporter, either sortilin or cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR), and shuttle CPEs to the lysosome for degradation. In aim 1, I will focus on developing the GolgiTAC technology whereas in aim 2, GolgiTACs will be exploited for targeted protein degradation of CPEs in disease models. In all, SWEET DEGRADATION will deliver a conceptually new general strategy to target Golgi proteins for degradation, thus providing new inroads to develop therapeutics for currently untreatable diseases.

Mots-clés : carbohydrate processing enzymes,glycosidases and glycosyltransferases,protein targeted degradation,golgi protein degraders,ci m6pr,sortilin,lysosomal degradation
Projet ERC : WILDERFARM (Horizon Europe, appel 2025, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Leyde — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

WILDERFARM explores the significant changes in human-wildlife relationships that occurred with the rise of farming in western Europe between 6000 and 2000 BCE. Up until now, research on this period has focused strongly on the domestication of animals and plants and the emergence of the new relationship between humans and domesticates. WILDERFARM shifts the perspective, examining how farmers renegotiated the age-old relationship with wild animals and how the rise of farming and its activities, such as livestock grazing and crop husbandry, affected wildlife. WILDERFARM addresses three critical gaps in current research: wild animals are under-represented in archaeological research compared to domestic ones, particularly in research on farming societies; there is still much debate on the nature and timing of the Neolithic transition in western Europe; and in light of the current biodiversity crisis, archaeological perspectives on human-wildlife relationships are valuable but under-utilised.  To achieve novel, multi-dimensional insights on the human-wildlife relationship, WILDERFARM integrates methods from zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, biomolecular science, and ecological modelling within a conceptual framework encompassing archaeology, multispecies anthropology, and conservation biology. Three case study areas in western Europe form the basis for a comparative, diachronic exploration of human-wildlife relationships: central Germany, the Netherlands, and southern Scandinavia. Through targeted dissemination and outreach, WILDERFARM seeks to generate an alternative perspective on the emergence of farming, increase awareness of the importance of wild animals in the human past, and offer valuable insights for today’s wildlife conservation education.

Mots-clés : neolithisation human animal studies multispecies zooarchaeology archaeobotany biomolecular archaeology computational modelling biodiversity farming
Projet ERC : SWIMS (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Institut Weizmann — Pays : Israël — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : WIS
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 600006.25 €

SWIMS vision is to propose a bio-inspired paradigm change for the design and hardware of future smart wireless multimodal sensory systems that will operate with stochastic spikes, offering a breakthrough with unrivalled energy efficiency at system level, for event detections and communication. The scientific breakthroughs proposed here are sine qua non advancements for a sustainable deployment of billions of future Internet of Things nodes to support smart economy and society development, with large energy savings and limited impact on environment. The synergistic interaction of four complementary skilled PIs enables the realization of a radically-novel end-to-end stochastic analog spiking neuromorphic concept for SWIMS nodes, offering solutions to challenges of sensor spiking signal generation, processing and communication with disruptive innovations at all levels, inspired by the biological model of a small insect. SWIMS involves many beyond state-of-the-art scientific advancements from technology to system level to enable a neuromorphic architecture with i) as input neuron layer, new heterostructure spiking sensor arrays based on transition metal oxides/2D semiconductor, covering infrared, ultraviolet, acoustic and electromagnetic detections, ii) hidden layers in tiny spiking neural networks based on novel CMOS Fe-FET concepts capable of efficiently dealing with inherent stochastic noise when processing spiking signals on-chip, iii) a spiking emitter as output layer for event-driven wireless transmission using optimized spike modulation and encoding, and iv) a modelling framework embedding stochastic effects in task-based electronic system design and biologically inspired recurrent neural networks. The synergistic interaction will enable unique design and experimental validations of first of their kind event-driven demonstrators with optimized all spiking multi-modal sensor nodes and energy consumption more than 100x lower than existing state of the art.

Mots-clés : cmos,iot edge nodes,integrated circuits,ultra low power,phase change and ferroelectric devices,modulation and coding,non gaussian uncertainties,stochastic spiking sensors
Projet ERC : MEDGREENREV (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université de York — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

As Mediterranean societies prepare for the impacts of climate change over the next few decades, a case study to inform their future resilience is associated with one of the defining events in world history: the emergence of Islam in the 7th century, the subsequent Arab (and later Berber) conquests of the southern and western Mediterranean, their associated population movements and the environmental adaptations that enabled these new societies to flourish. The introduction of new forms of agriculture that transformed the economies of the conquered regions has been previously framed as the “Green Revolution”. Moving beyond the limited focus of earlier research, with its restricted spatial and chronological scope, this project will adopt an integrated ecological approach, encompassing plants, animals and soils, from production through to consumption, and compare the impact and legacy of environmental transformations associated with long-term societal change in the western Mediterranean (Iberia and Morocco), beyond the initial Arab/Berber conquests. Adopting a broader chronological span, from the century before the conquests through to the century after the dissolution of the last Islamic polity in Iberia, the transition from Islamic to Christian regimes in Iberia will be compared, for the first time, with the persistence of Islamic polities in northwest Africa, against the backdrop of climatic fluctuations. This will enable relationships between environmental transformations and sequences of political and demographic change to be effectively contextualised. The synergy between our groups will combine regional specialisms with a wealth of scientific expertise, enabling us to conduct the first long-term and inter-regional study of how conquest, migration and encounters with resident populations and landscapes drove environmental transformation in the western Mediterranean during this formative period in world history.

Mots-clés : geoarchaeology,zooarchaeology,archaeobotany,palynology,gis,multiculturalism,state formation,mediterranean,iberia,north africa,longue dur e,arab conquest,medieval green revolution
Projet ERC : MEDGREENREV (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université de Murcie — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UM
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 79946.26 €

As Mediterranean societies prepare for the impacts of climate change over the next few decades, a case study to inform their future resilience is associated with one of the defining events in world history: the emergence of Islam in the 7th century, the subsequent Arab (and later Berber) conquests of the southern and western Mediterranean, their associated population movements and the environmental adaptations that enabled these new societies to flourish. The introduction of new forms of agriculture that transformed the economies of the conquered regions has been previously framed as the “Green Revolution”. Moving beyond the limited focus of earlier research, with its restricted spatial and chronological scope, this project will adopt an integrated ecological approach, encompassing plants, animals and soils, from production through to consumption, and compare the impact and legacy of environmental transformations associated with long-term societal change in the western Mediterranean (Iberia and Morocco), beyond the initial Arab/Berber conquests. Adopting a broader chronological span, from the century before the conquests through to the century after the dissolution of the last Islamic polity in Iberia, the transition from Islamic to Christian regimes in Iberia will be compared, for the first time, with the persistence of Islamic polities in northwest Africa, against the backdrop of climatic fluctuations. This will enable relationships between environmental transformations and sequences of political and demographic change to be effectively contextualised. The synergy between our groups will combine regional specialisms with a wealth of scientific expertise, enabling us to conduct the first long-term and inter-regional study of how conquest, migration and encounters with resident populations and landscapes drove environmental transformation in the western Mediterranean during this formative period in world history.

Mots-clés : geoarchaeology,zooarchaeology,archaeobotany,palynology,gis,multiculturalism,state formation,mediterranean,iberia,north africa,longue dur e,arab conquest,medieval green revolution
Projet ERC : RevLogRedux (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université de Lille — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1365422.5 €

Bad arguments have never been in short supply. The same holds for the scholarly interest they have elicited both in their own right and as a cautionary tale about everything that can go amiss when we argue. This is hardly surprising. Asking what is wrong with flawed arguments is tantamount to investigating the very rules and principles of argumentation – only in reverse. Fallacy Studies have flourished in recent years (especially under the label of «critical thinking»). Without notable exception, the ever-growing literature on argumentative failures suffers from a conspicuous lack of interest in medieval fallacy theory – arguably one of the most creative stages in the whole history of argumentation theories. The standard story is that after Aristotle got off to a tentative start, the study of fallacies lay dormant until people at Port Royal and John Locke revived it. RevLog Redux will show that this narrative is misleading and will replace it with a new account which will bring to bear the full resources of medieval treatments of illegitimate argumentative moves within and across the Latin West and the Greek East, as well as in the Arabic and the Hebrew traditions. In an unprecedented attempt to explore how medieval authors discussed fallacies, RevLog Redux will lay the groundwork for more conscious and historically sound ways to describe, classify and theoretically assess the laws and flaws of argumentation. To that end, RevLog Redux will develop an integrated computational infrastructure to manage the wealth and complexity of data, information and knowledge the project is expected to produce: namely, AskSten (as in «Ask Sten Ebbesen»), a multi-layered virtual research environment whose digital archive, knowledge base, Semantic Web architecture and on-line deployment will dramatically enhance the formal expressivness and coherence of the project’s findings. AskSten will also include a curated open access Encyclopaedia of Illegitimate Argumentative Moves.

Mots-clés : medieval philosophy,history and analysis of logic and argumentation,cross cultural medieval intellectual history
Projet ERC : 4D-STAR (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université de Toulouse — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UT
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2212338.5 €

Stars are the source of radiation, chemistry, and life in the Universe. Models of how stars live are key ingredients in planetary, astrophysical, and cosmological research. A star is a hot plasma rotating around an axis. Small stars like the Sun rotate slowly but bigger ones with more mass rotate faster, shaping them as flattened spheroids. Yet, current stellar models simplify the flattening or treat stars as spheres during their lives, using 1 spatial and 1 time dimension (1+1D). Rotation and magnetism induce transport processes in 3 spatial dimensions, which change over time, requiring a 3+1D treatment. Current age-dating of stars is done from 1+1D models, with uncertainties up to 1000%. Accurate ages of stars are the dominant missing ingredient to understand stellar and planetary evolution, the emergence of life, and the chemistry in our Universe. 4D-STAR will answer the fundamental question of how rotating spheroids evolve in time and build up their chemistry during their lives. We will develop a new 3+1D theory of stellar rotation for flattened spheroids evolving over millions to billions of years, from birth to death. Lifting stellar models to 3+1D can only be done now, using asteroseismic data of thousands of stars in all life phases. Such data reveal nonradial oscillations, or starquakes, allowing us to infer internal stellar rotation, magnetism, chemistry, and the ages of stars with 10% accuracy. 4D-STAR will provide open-source modules to compute the evolution of rotating magnetic stars in 3+1D, calibrated to asteroseismic observables of single stars and stars in binaries and clusters. 4D-STAR brings a paradigm shift based on mathematical modelling, astrophysics, and computational science. Its breadth, challenges, and goals require a transdisciplinary integration of four teams led by an asteroseismologist, a theoretician specialised in transport, a hydrodynamicist, and a stellar evolution software developer, each with proven track records.

Mots-clés : stellar evolution,stellar structure,asteroseismology,scientific software development,high performance computing,differential algebraic equations
Projet ERC : NASCE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université de Maastricht — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : CO-PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 5077960.0 €

In an office, on a metro, or at home, diverse sounds may be surrounding you: a computer fan, footsteps and indistinct chatter, distant cars, the train slowing down. These sounds shape our environmental awareness, even when visual cues are absent. Despite its ecological relevance, understanding how our brain parses the acoustic scene into semantic objects remains a major scientific challenge. Moreover, individuals with hearing impairments, including those relying on hearing aids or cochlear implants, face challenges, both auditory and cognitive, in environments with multiple sound sources. The NASCE project aims to mechanistically comprehend real-world auditory scene analysis (ASA) through a novel framework: the Semantic Segmentation Hypothesis (SSH). The SSH posits that semantic representations drive real-world ASA, shifting the focus from early acoustic processing to the semantic analysis of everyday sounds. It addresses fundamental questions, such as: How does the brain create semantic sound source representations? How do they interact with acoustic processing, and aid our ability to recognize sounds in a scene? NASCE integrates cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and AI methods. Employing neuroimaging and behavioral paradigms, we aim to reveal how the brain dynamically represents auditory scenes across brain regions for relevant listening tasks. Using deep neural networks and ontologies, we aim to construct neuroscientifically grounded computational models simulating cerebral and behavioral responses under the same scenes and tasks as in the experiments. Finally, with advanced analytical methods we will consolidate behavioral, computational, and neuroscientific insights and establish SSH as a groundbreaking theory of ASA. NASCE promotes a paradigm shift, fundamentally reshaping our comprehension of ecological hearing. Moreover, it paves the way for the applications in machine hearing of computational models that mimic human auditory cognition.

Mots-clés : natural sounds sound scene soundscape auditory scene analysis acoustics semantics deep neural networks functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri magnetoencephalography meg intracranial electroencephalography ieeg representational similarity analysis rsa connectivity
Projet ERC : BREAKDANCE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Synergy grants)
Entité participante : Université d'Innsbruck — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2204190.0 €

Understanding the establishment of an animal body plan is an important challenge of modern biology. Progress has been mainly limited by (1) a separation of research fields studying genetic and biophysical mechanisms, and (2) a lack of approaches to mimic multicellular tissue organization from first principles. In a cross- disciplinary effort, we will focus on the earliest stages of animal development, when first steps of cell differentiation define the primary body axis through spatial symmetry breaking, laying the foundation for the future body plan. Our goal is to identify the fundamental mechanisms controlling this symmetry breaking process. To this end, we will study in detail the interplay between global tissue geometry (shape, size, and dimension), physical boundary conditions, and mechano-chemical cell interactions. Therefore, we address the following questions: (i) How do global shape and size control local cellular states and interactions? (ii) How do local cellular states and interactions induce robust symmetry breaking at the tissue level? (iii) To which extent can geometry control cell fate specification in a species-independent manner? To overcome previous limitations, we will establish a comprehensive methodological toolbox of synthetic bottom-up approaches and functional ex-vivo assays. We use as model systems mouse, zebrafish, and later also human embryonic stem cells. This will be combined with advanced biophysical techniques and theoretical modeling in order to systematically dissect the mutual couplings between genetic patterning mechanisms and morphogenetic processes, thereby revealing the multicellular dance underlying tissue symmetry breaking. Our results will shed new light on the long-standing question of how complex biological forms are robustly built from a single fertilized egg, impacting on our understanding of organism development and maintenance, and opening new directions for the controlled design of artificial tissues and organs.

Mots-clés : biological self organization,tissue patterning,quantitative approaches to mechano chemical signalling,cell and tissue mechanics,size and shape in biology