Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : SelforganisingEmbryo (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Entité participante : Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : KNAW
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 372230.0 €

A defining feature of multi-cellular living systems is the capacity to break symmetry and generate patterns through self-organisation. Our project aims to understand the design principle of multi-cellular self-organisation, using a well-suited model system: early mouse embryos. In mammals eggs lack polarity and symmetry is broken during early embryogenesis, which results in segregation of three cell lineages in the blastocyst. Progressive expansion and coalescence of fluid-filled spaces form the blastocyst cavity that segregates the cavity-facing lineage from the rest. Despite extensive gene expression studies, how molecular and physical signals are dynamically coupled for self-organised blastocyst patterning remains poorly understood. We aim to identify the mechanisms of feedback between cell polarity, mechanics (contractility, adhesion, pressure) and fate operating across sub-cellular to whole organismal scales. For this, we adopt a unique set of strategies that integrate biology and physics: advanced live-imaging, quantification of molecular and physical parameters to integrate into lineage maps, reduced systems to establish physical models, and spatio-temporally controlled manipulations for functional validation of those models. We will build up complexities. At the single-cell level, we will study de novo assembly of the apical domain in relation to cell contact and cortical contractility. For inside-outside patterning, we aim to dissect the coordinated signalling between cell position and fate specification. Furthermore, we will study how fluid cavities, a yet unexplored parameter, contribute to cell sorting, apical polarisation and fate specification through generation of pressure and contact-free cell surfaces. Ultimately, we will reconstitute embryogenesis in silico, reveal emerging properties and design engineer the blastocyst. In all, this study will set a paradigm for studying self-organisation on subcellular to organismal scales.

Mots-clés : tissue mechanics,self organisation
Projet ERC : SatStart (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of Regensburg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 59780.0 €

A formation of small satellites, as developed within the ERC Advanced Grant "NetSat", promises great market potential because of failure tolerance and low cost at the same time, and large growth prospects for small satellites - a disruptive technology with the potential to change current “rules of the game”, becoming a feasible option for industrial application thanks to tremendous cost reductions as compared to large satellites (lower weight, shorter development cycles/ time-to-market, and lower risk). The commercial applications for the ERC “NetSat” project are three-fold: (1) communication (particularly in the machine to machine (M2M) context), (2) traffic management (e.g., for autonomous driving), and (3) earth observation (where larger numbers of small satellites offer higher temporal resolution). As space for the operation of small satellite formations is restricted and primarily US-based, VC-backed start-ups are already competing in the market (e.g., SpaceX, OneWeb), large-scale and timely investments are needed for the ZfT to select and implement the most appropriate business model to successfully compete in this market. None of the competitors in the small satellite market seem to focus on providing M2M services, and they operate a constellation instead of a formation of satellites, i.e., the satellites are controlled individually from the ground, which makes formations not only technologically superior but also in line with the upcoming trend of connected devices. For timely commercialization, the ERC PoC Grant will provide the needed financial resources for securing IP and an evaluation of 4 potential business models - i.e., (1) a vendor-, (2) a licensing-, (3) a system provider- and (4) a data provider strategy, and the drafting of a business plan within 12 months for the most promising one(s) based on detailed data and analysis from a cross-disciplinary research team seeking to attract large-scale financial investments and corporate partners.

Mots-clés : disruptive technology,small satellites,formation,earth observation,communication,traffic services,commercialization,business strategies,market analysis
Projet ERC : SatStart (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Zentrum für Telematik — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ZFT
Type d'entité : Autres
Financement ERC de l'entité : 61825.0 €

A formation of small satellites, as developed within the ERC Advanced Grant "NetSat", promises great market potential because of failure tolerance and low cost at the same time, and large growth prospects for small satellites - a disruptive technology with the potential to change current “rules of the game”, becoming a feasible option for industrial application thanks to tremendous cost reductions as compared to large satellites (lower weight, shorter development cycles/ time-to-market, and lower risk). The commercial applications for the ERC “NetSat” project are three-fold: (1) communication (particularly in the machine to machine (M2M) context), (2) traffic management (e.g., for autonomous driving), and (3) earth observation (where larger numbers of small satellites offer higher temporal resolution). As space for the operation of small satellite formations is restricted and primarily US-based, VC-backed start-ups are already competing in the market (e.g., SpaceX, OneWeb), large-scale and timely investments are needed for the ZfT to select and implement the most appropriate business model to successfully compete in this market. None of the competitors in the small satellite market seem to focus on providing M2M services, and they operate a constellation instead of a formation of satellites, i.e., the satellites are controlled individually from the ground, which makes formations not only technologically superior but also in line with the upcoming trend of connected devices. For timely commercialization, the ERC PoC Grant will provide the needed financial resources for securing IP and an evaluation of 4 potential business models - i.e., (1) a vendor-, (2) a licensing-, (3) a system provider- and (4) a data provider strategy, and the drafting of a business plan within 12 months for the most promising one(s) based on detailed data and analysis from a cross-disciplinary research team seeking to attract large-scale financial investments and corporate partners.

Mots-clés : disruptive technology,small satellites,formation,earth observation,communication,traffic services,commercialization,business strategies,market analysis
Projet ERC : SatStart (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Technologie- und grunderzentrum wuerzburg (tgz) gmbh — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : Technologie- und grunderzentrum wuerzburg tgz gmbh
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 28218.75 €

A formation of small satellites, as developed within the ERC Advanced Grant "NetSat", promises great market potential because of failure tolerance and low cost at the same time, and large growth prospects for small satellites - a disruptive technology with the potential to change current “rules of the game”, becoming a feasible option for industrial application thanks to tremendous cost reductions as compared to large satellites (lower weight, shorter development cycles/ time-to-market, and lower risk). The commercial applications for the ERC “NetSat” project are three-fold: (1) communication (particularly in the machine to machine (M2M) context), (2) traffic management (e.g., for autonomous driving), and (3) earth observation (where larger numbers of small satellites offer higher temporal resolution). As space for the operation of small satellite formations is restricted and primarily US-based, VC-backed start-ups are already competing in the market (e.g., SpaceX, OneWeb), large-scale and timely investments are needed for the ZfT to select and implement the most appropriate business model to successfully compete in this market. None of the competitors in the small satellite market seem to focus on providing M2M services, and they operate a constellation instead of a formation of satellites, i.e., the satellites are controlled individually from the ground, which makes formations not only technologically superior but also in line with the upcoming trend of connected devices. For timely commercialization, the ERC PoC Grant will provide the needed financial resources for securing IP and an evaluation of 4 potential business models - i.e., (1) a vendor-, (2) a licensing-, (3) a system provider- and (4) a data provider strategy, and the drafting of a business plan within 12 months for the most promising one(s) based on detailed data and analysis from a cross-disciplinary research team seeking to attract large-scale financial investments and corporate partners.

Mots-clés : disruptive technology,small satellites,formation,earth observation,communication,traffic services,commercialization,business strategies,market analysis
Projet ERC : SSBD (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer science and informatics
Entité participante : University of Warwick — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1565502.0 €

A fundamental challenge in processing the massive quantities of information generated by modern applications is in extracting suitable representations of the data that can be stored, manipulated and interrogated on a single machine. A promising approach is in the design and analysis of compact summaries: data structures which capture key features of the data, and which can be created effectively over distributed data sets. Popular summary structures include the Bloom filter, which compactly represents a set of items, and sketches which allow vector norms and products to be estimated. These are very attractive, since they can be computed in parallel and combined to yield a single, compact summary of the data. Yet the full potential of summaries is far from being fully realized. The Principal Investigator will lead a team, working on important problems around creating Small Summaries for Big Data. The goal is to substantially advance the state of the art in data summarization, to the point where accurate and effective summaries are available for a wide array of problems, and can be used seamlessly in applications that process big data. Several directions will be pursued, including: designing and evaluating new summaries for fundamental computations such as tracking the data distribution; summary techniques for complex structures, such as massive matrices, massive graphs, and beyond; and summaries that allow the verification of outsourced computation over big data. Success in any one of these areas could lead to substantial impact on practice, as evidenced by the influence of existing summary techniques. Support in the form of a five-year research grant will allow the PI to consolidate his research in this area, and build an expert team to focus on these challenging algorithmic questions.

Mots-clés : synposes,sketches,data streams,verification of computation
Projet ERC : HamInstab (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UPC
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 873195.18 €

A fundamental problem in the study of dynamical systems is to ascertain whether the effect of a perturbation on an integrable Hamiltonian system accumulates over time and leads to a large effect (instability) or it averages out (stability). Instabilities in nearly integrable systems, usually called Arnold diffusion, take place along resonances and by means of a framework of partially hyperbolic invariant objects and their homoclinic and heteroclinic connections. The goal of this project is to develop new techniques, relying on the role of invariant manifolds in the global dynamics, to prove the existence of physically relevant instabilities and homoclinic phenomena in several problems in celestial mechanics and Hamiltonian Partial Differential Equations. The N body problem models the interaction of N puntual masses under gravitational force. Astronomers have deeply analyzed the role of resonances in this model. Nevertheless, mathematical results showing instabilities along them are rather scarce. I plan to develop a new theory to analyze the transversal intersection between invariant manifolds along mean motion and secular resonances to prove the existence of Arnold diffusion. I will also apply this theory to construct oscillatory motions. Several Partial Differential Equations such as the nonlinear Schrödinger, the Klein-Gordon and the wave equations can be seen as infinite dimensional Hamiltonian systems. Using dynamical systems techniques and understanding the role of invariant manifolds in these Hamiltonian PDEs, I will study two type of solutions: transfer of energy solutions, namely solutions that push energy to arbitrarily high modes as time evolves by drifting along resonances; and breathers, spatially localized and periodic in time solutions, which in a proper setting can be seen as homoclinic orbits to a stationary solution.

Mots-clés : hamiltonian systems,arnold diffusion,celestial mechanics,hamiltonian partial differential equations
Projet ERC : DHaptics (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of Bristol — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 65372.5 €

A fundamental shift is underway in how we interact with our computers and devices. Products such as Microsoft’s Kinect and Leap Motion’s desktop controller enable us to dispose of the keyboard and mouse and instead control our devices without touching them. Touchless sensing products are being launched across the consumer electronics, automotive and healthcare industries. A significant and well noted problem with touchless sensing is a lack of tactile feedback. The PI and his team are the first in the world to create a novel haptic feedback system that allows users to feel tactile sensations in bare hand while interacting in mid-air with a system. This is likely to be a huge commercial success provided we can make some improvements to the distinct audible hum that is generated by our system. This project will realize a proof of concept phased-array haptic system that is silent and sharp. Our prototype will enable two advantages over the existing haptic system. a) Elimination of audible noise when creating a single and multiple tactile points b) Maintaining perceptual sharpness of the tactile focal point while eliminating the audible sound

Mots-clés : haptics,human computer interaction,interactive systems,gaming devices,consumer electronics
Projet ERC : QuantumNet (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Max Planck Society — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : MPG
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1477500.0 €

A future quantum network will consist of quantum processors that are connected by quantum channels, just like conventional computers are wired up to form the Internet. In contrast to classical devices, however, the entanglement and non-local correlations available in a quantum-controlled system facilitate novel fundamental tests of quantum theory and numerous applications in distributed quantum information processing, quantum communication, and precision measurement. While pioneering experiments have demonstrated the entanglement of two quantum nodes separated by up to 1.3 km, accessing the full potential of quantum networks requires scaling of these prototypes to more nodes and larger distances. To this end, a new technology that overcomes the bottlenecks of existing physical systems has to be developed. Here, I propose to harness the exceptional properties of individual Erbium ions embedded in Yttrium crystals to increase the size of quantum networks via implementation of the seminal quantum repeater proposal, which is one of the most intensively pursued research topics in current quantum science. The key proposed steps to this goal are (I) implementation of a quantum spin-photon interface at a telecommunication wavelength, (II) multiplexing of many quantum bits in one device via frequency-selective addressing, and (III) implementation of remote entanglement swapping and purification to increase the range of quantum-secure communication beyond its current fundamental limit. These goals have been out of reach for any experimental platform until now. They become feasible by combining the powerful concepts developed in cavity quantum electrodynamics using cold atoms with the exceptional coherence of spins in specific host crystals. Successful implementation will demonstrate the feasibility of quantum networks over global distances, a milestone advancement for quantum communication and quantum science in general.

Mots-clés : quantum networks,quantum repeaters,spin based quantum information processing,cavity quantum electrodynamics,remote entanglement,quantum communication
Projet ERC : NICH (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Entité participante : Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ETH Zurich
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 787925.25 €

A great ecological challenges is predicting the responses of species, communities and ecosystems to global climate change. Progress will hinge on our ability to predict how responses are shaped by evolution and species interactions, and especially by entirely novel interactions among species whose ranges don't yet overlap. To tackle this goal, I will combine cutting-edge experiments and process-based modeling to address three questions about the impact of novel competitors on responses to climate change in alpine plant communities: (1) How will novel interactions impact species responses to climate change? I will test the ecological consequences of novel competitors for population persistence, and the potential for longer-term evolutionary responses, using a whole community transplant experiment that simulates future competitive scenarios faced by focal alpine plants. (2) Do species traits predict the outcome of novel interactions? A mechanistic understanding of competitive effects is essential to predict impacts of novel interactions. I will test how climate affects the outcome of competition among pairs of species planted along an elevation climate gradient, and whether these effects can be predicted using species’ functional traits. (3) What are the implications of novel competitive interactions for species’ ranges dynamics under climate change? I will use process-based species distribution models, parameterized with experimental demographic data, to explore the consequences of changing competitive interactions for range dynamics under climate change. This project will advance our understanding of species’ responses to climate change, and provide tools to apply to a diversity of other systems. It also tackles fundamental questions in ecology, shedding light on the mechanisms shaping species distributions. By linking experimental community ecology and biogeography, it will push the limits of our ability to predict the dynamics of complex ecological systems.

Mots-clés : climate change,competition,experimental community ecology,functional traits,natural selection,prediction,species distribution modelling
Projet ERC : AFRISCREENWORLDS (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1828524.86 €

A half century since it came into existence, the discipline of Film and Screen Studies remains mostly Eurocentric in its historical, theoretical and critical frameworks. Although “world cinema” and “transnational cinema” scholars have attempted to broaden its canon and frameworks, several major problems persist. Films and scholarship by Africans in particular, and by people of colour in general, are frequently marginalised if not altogether excluded. This prevents exciting exchanges that could help to re-envision Film and Screen Studies for the twenty-first century, in an era in which greater access to the technological means of making films, and circulating them on a range of screens, means that dynamic “screen worlds” are developing at a rapid rate. AFRISCREENWORLDS will study these “screen worlds” (in both their textual forms and industrial structures), with a focus on Africa, as a way of centring the most marginalised regional cinema. We will also elaborate comparative studies of global “screen worlds” – and, in particular, “screen worlds” in the Global South – exploring their similarities, differences, and parallel developments. We will respond to the exclusions of Film and Screen Studies not only in scholarly ways – through conferences and publications – but also in creative and activist ways – through drawing on cutting-edge creative research methodologies (such as audiovisual criticism and filmmaking) and through helping to decolonise Film and Screen Studies (through the production of ‘toolkits’ on how to make curricula, syllabi, and teaching more globally representative and inclusive). On a theoretical level, we will make an intervention through considering how the concept of “screen worlds” is better equipped than “world cinema” or “transnational cinema” to explore the complexities of audiovisual narratives, and their production and circulation in our contemporary moment, in diverse contexts throughout the globe.

Mots-clés : african cinema,asian cinema,decolonisation,film studies,screen studies,black cinema,comparative cinemas,world cinema,transnational cinema,audio visual criticism,creative research