Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : ENTIRE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Liège — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2404187.0 €

Nonlinear vibration theory witnessed extraordinary advances during the 20th century following Poincaré’s seminal work. Since the 1970s, impressive progress has been made in computational nonlinear dynamics with the development of nonlinear finite element methods and numerical continuation. Although not all challenges have been overcome yet, the theoretical understanding of nonlinear dynamical phenomena and their prediction using numerical models have reached a high level of maturity. Surprisingly, this progress has not significantly impacted engineering practice. Specifically, vibration testing in industry remains grounded in the assumption of linearity. Yet, under the rising pressure of high-performance and carbon-neutral designs, aerospace structures exploit advanced materials and are increasingly lighter and more flexible, with the consequence that nonlinearity is now ubiquitous. To fill the existing gap, a vibration testing strategy which can uncover the sometimes dangerous, sometimes beneficial nonlinear dynamics of engineering structures is urgently needed. The ENTIRE project proposes to leverage feedback control to pioneer a novel methodology able to identify experimentally - in a model-free, real-time and stability-guaranteed manner - the entire bifurcation diagram of a nonlinear system. This control-based method will be complemented by a data-driven, machine-learning-based approach. The potential of our developments will be demonstrated using real-life aerospace applications including turbojet engine components and a full-scale aircraft. Given the generic character of our methodology, applications in other areas of science and engineering will also be envisioned, e.g., in microresonators and in dress of physics such as optics. Eventually, ENTIRE will develop the first complete experimental counterpart to numerical continuation, hence leading to full mastery of the three facets of nonlinear vibration analysis, namely theory, simulation and testing.

Mots-clés : vibration testing control nonlinear
Projet ERC : SUBALTERNEGY (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Cologne — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2895537.5 €

Egyptology has traditionally focused on the texts, monuments, and grandiose trappings of social inequality. A substantial body of archaeological evidence for low-status groups has accumulated but is marginalized in interpretations, so a holistic view of ancient Egyptian society remains obscure. SUBALTERNEGY inverts the elite bias in Egyptology, using fresh data and an innovative theoretical framework to explore how subaltern communities responded to hegemonic concepts that emerged during the earliest phase of political centralization in Northeast Africa (2700–2200 BC). The project develops methodologies to expose social organisation and cultural orientation of disempowered groups. The premise of the project is that people of all social groups strive for a meaningful life and, to this end, position themselves and are positioned in social relationships that are expressed in material culture and the built environment, which reflect, reproduce, and at times contest the prevailing social order. The aims are to:  - produce a substantial record of contextualized data for a low-status ancient Egyptian community cemetery; - understand how burial practices transformed diverse lived experiences into local imagined communities; - uncover how human bodies, the landscape, material culture, and visual discourse were used to enact social relationships; - develop concepts of subalternity and relatedness into a novel bottom-up approach to ancient Egyptian society.  SUBALTERNEGY uses multiple lines of evidence and adopts an interdisciplinary pool of methods from archaeology, anthropology, geophysics, visual studies, and cultural history. The project seeks to reveal agency and imaginative capacities within the wider population and to situate dominant ideologies within the complex realities of common life revealed by material culture. It contributes to current debates surrounding the history of social inequality and the unsustainable role of colonial archaeologies.

Mots-clés : egypt,subaltern studies,social complexity,material culture,archaic states,funerary archaeology,social inequality,relational theory,practice theory,postcolonial theory
Projet ERC : ConceptQ (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Université Aalto — Pays : Finlande — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2498759.0 €

Quantum technology is an exciting field where new scientific discoveries have great potential to be used in practical applications such as in quantum computing. Although quantum supremacy has been recently demonstrated in fully superconducting qubits, there is a major challenge in promoting these many-qubit processors feasible for technological applications and advanced science experiments: fidelity of all qubit operations well above 99.9% in a power-efficient control and readout architecture is required. This project ConceptQ aims to demonstrate a new superconducting-qubit concept that has a surprisingly simple structure consisting only of standard materials and a single Josephson junction while providing insensitivity to charge and flux noise, and most importantly large anharmonicity. We combine these properties with a new multimode enhancement idea to demonstrate record-breaking fidelities in quantum-logic gates, in initialization, and in readout. Importantly, we introduce cryogenic active components to implement all these three basic operations at millikelvin temperatures thus paving the way for a power-efficient integrated quantum-classical control system. Finally, we use the best new methods and designs for multi-qubit processors and demonstrate a new quantum algorithm at high fidelity. With these breakthroughs, we aim to supersede the transmon as the standard high-fidelity superconducting qubit, thus boosting quantum-technology research and methodology not only in computing but also in sensing and simulation. This potentially opens horizons for novel scientific discoveries in classical cryoelectronics, quantum calorimetry, open quantum systems, and quantum thermodynamics. ConceptQ is a science project, but thanks to on-going collaborations with the quantum industry, it holds great potential for advancement of global wellbeing, e.g., through envisioned long-term applications in cyber security, quantum chemistry, and artificial intelligence.

Mots-clés : circuit quantum electrodynamics,cqed,superconducting circuit,superconducting qubit,superconducting electronics,cryogenic microwave source,superconducting qubit readout,superconducting qubit initialization,superconducting resonator,transmon qubit,fluxonium qubit,josephson junction,superconducting quantum computer,bolometer,ultrasensitive microwave bolometer,open quantum system,engineered quantum environment,millikelvin electronics
Projet ERC : SINGLETON (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université d'Anvers — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2497438.0 €

The intellectual challenge that the Singleton project will tackle is identifying the relationship formation pathways of young adults in industrialized countries. This project departs from the currently couple centred research approach of young adulthood in which developmental pathways always seem to lead to Mount Marriage or Cohabitation Hill. In contrast, we argue that there is a fundamental hidden relationship pathway in young adulthood where individuals might be experiencing difficulties in finding the right partner, maintaining a relationship or where they make a deliberate choice to remain single and for longer periods. This Singleton trajectory is characterized by a sequence of relatively short-lived committed relationships. The central question addressed in the Singleton project is therefore why, how, when and for whom this relationship trajectory manifests itself. Accordingly the project has four interrelated aims. A first aim is the empirical description of the share of Singletons in three birth cohorts. Second, the project will look at the internal dynamics of relationship formation, maintenance and dissolution from a multi-actor perspective to identify differences between young adults. In the third objective, the project will look into how social networks, educational trajectories and career prospects influence the development of relationship trajectories in young adulthood. A final aim will look at the macro level and incorporate the rise of a “single culture” as part of a new explanatory framework for understanding the Singleton trajectory. Methodologically, we apply a Longitudinal Explanatory Mixed Methods model (2 quantitative and 2 qualitative waves) concentrating on 3 cohorts in young adulthood. This project innovates on a theoretical and methodological level by integrating theories from various fields (demography, sociology and developmental psychology), redefining determinants and launching a much needed new research tradition in Single Studies.

Mots-clés : singleness relationship formation relationship dissolution life course mixed methods
Projet ERC : WALLS2BRIDGES (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Studies of Cultures and Arts
Entité participante : Université d'Anvers — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Incarceration is widely depicted in films, TV, and the news, but prison communities—imprisoned people, their families, and anti-prison activists—are seldom recognized as media producers. Developing a transnational, collaborative, and comparative model of media justice, this project examines textual, visual, and sound media created by prison communities. It focuses on France, Turkey, the UK, and the US, where racial and ethnic discrimination stimulated mass incarceration of minorities from the mid-1960s, which marks the start of global mass incarceration and widescale prison revolts. The transhistorical and multimedia project attends to diverse prison environments and communities and their differential access to media.  This study is grounded in three topics fundamental to media, its place in society, and its function in human relations today: media and surveillance, media and the senses, and media and justice. The research questions it addresses are: a) What are the subversive uses of media by people who commonly experience them as tools of surveillance? b) How does the experience of imprisonment impact different sensory strategies and engagements with media? c) How can media provide a space of safety and justice for underprivileged communities?  WALLS2BRIDGES is groundbreaking in three ways. Theoretically, by bringing together media, literature and art studies, criminology, and racial and ethnic studies, it is innovative in approaching prison communities as media producers who resist stigmatization and marginalization. Methodologically, by integrating multimethod research (archival research, epistolary ethnography, fieldwork, media design, netnography, textual and audiovisual analysis), it maps historical and multimedia strategies for marginalized self-expression. Substantially, by opening a debate on media justice for communities in oppressive environments it engages in broader debates on social inclusion and equality.

Mots-clés : film and visual studies,media studies,race and ethnic studies,visual anthropology,visual criminology,media history,carceral studies,art activism
Projet ERC : MARGINAL (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université d'Anvers — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2448053.0 €

MARGINAL examines authors’ creativity through the traces of their own reading. The project starts from the idea that knowing what and how a writer read can help us understand the origins of their work. A work of literature often starts in the margins of another book.  The project focuses on the reading habits of three modernist authors – Virginia Woolf, James Joyce and Samuel Beckett. The rationale behind the selection of these case studies is based on a twentieth-century crisis of ‘encyclopedism’ – in the sense of comprehensive learning or knowledge. Many modernist and late-modernist writers problematized the encyclopedic ambition that marked their time, but the paradox is that they were only able to do so because they were so knowledgeable themselves. As key representatives of their period, Woolf, Joyce and Beckett read a wide range of European authors and left substantial personal libraries that have largely been preserved. Traces of authors’ reading have so far often been considered a ‘marginal’ phenomenon in textual scholarship. MARGINAL uses recent advances in digital scholarly editing to reverse this formal priority between centre and margin and shift the attention from the authors’ output to their input. It digitally reunites the books they once owned, which are dispersed over dozens of archives and collections (the ‘extant’ library) and reconstructs the parts of their libraries that have been lost (the ‘virtual’ library). The three resulting online, open-access editions of Woolf’s, Joyce’s and Beckett’s libraries will establish and annotate the connections between source texts, reading notes and the authors' own works to see how their multilingual reading informed their writing. By mapping this marginal zone between reading and writing, the purpose is to consider modernist authors as readers in the first place and examine which books they read, how they read, what records they made of this reading, and how this translated into their own works.

Mots-clés : genetic criticism,textual scholarship,scholarly editing,samuel beckett,james joyce,virginia woolf,authors libraries,modernism
Projet ERC : RegTrust (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université d'Anvers — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 100000.0 €

Regulation is sometimes a manifestation of distrust, but on other times it is a manifestation of trust. When do trust and regulation compete, substitute for and mutually-support each other? How can we maximize the benefits of both? Is the proliferation of rules around us a manifestation of growing distrust or trust? Is the regulatory state necessarily a low-trust state? To answer these questions, RegTrust introduces intermediation as a governance mechanism and intermediaries as third parties in trust and regulatory interactions. Intermediaries certify products, report compliance, rank organizations, label products, monitor performance, screen behavior, whistle-blow misbehavior, and audit organizations. The regulation literature treats them as regulatory actors; the trust literature, as trustees. Yet intermediaries are both trustees and regulatees, both subjects and objects of trust and regulation. Most importantly, they may determine successes and failures, winners and losers, of trust and regulation. At their best, intermediaries reinforce regulation and trust, and promote polycentric (pluralist) structures of governance. At their worst, they undermine trust in regulation, leading to vicious cycles of failure and re/centralization (monocentric governance). RegTrust examines under which conditions, why, how, and to what effects trust and regulation compete, substitute for, or mutually-support each other. We problematize the role of intermediaries, develop a three-actor (triadic) model of governance, and assess its institutional macro-political consequences. Going beyond the state of the art, this project sheds light on the multiple interactions of trust and regulation in policy and politics. It advances the theory of intermediation; advances the interaction of trust and regulation as a central element of the governance literature; And explores the conditions that may make a regulatory state into a high-trust state.

Mots-clés : regulation,trust,governance,intermediaries
Projet ERC : EDISON (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Université polytechnique de Valence — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2458165.0 €

This project aims to the development of communication at the nanoscale and to advance in the understanding of how abiotic micro/nanoparticles can communicate between them and how micro/nanoparticles can communicate with living systems. In this context, an approach for establishing communication at the nanometric level is to mimic how nature communicates. Chemical or molecular communication, based on transmitting and receiving information by means of molecules (chemical messengers) is one of the communication forms used by living organisms. Moreover, many swarm systems found in nature communicate by modifying the environment using a concept called stigmergy. The advantages of nanoparticles that communicate each to another are immediately obvious; they constitute the basis of a dynamically interacting network eventually resulting in certain autonomy of the system. If we would be able to raise the bases for communication between micro/nanoparticles and between micro/nanoparticles and cells, the potential future applications in the biomedical field, environmental research and industry technology are almost unlimited. The project will establish firm handholds for the use of nanoparticles able to communicate from one to another and with cells in different applications. The project will trace, optimise and adapt all single steps from the idea to its implementation into applicable final systems with the aim of targeting issues that are difficult to address with conventional single particles. The project is divided into three WPs. The first work package (WP1) will create the basic elements for chemical communication. In a more complex situation, WP2 will use the tools of WP1 to develop systems able to establish communication between nanoparticles and living systems. Finally, WP3 will generate nano-systems integrating gated nanoparticles and up-to-date electronics to develop new communication structures.
Projet ERC : PeroSpiker (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université polytechnique de Valence — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2232749.99 €

A brain is a complex structure where computing and memory are tightly intertwined at very low power cost of operation, by analog signals across vast quantities of synapse-connected spiking neurons. Animal brains react intelligently to environmental events and perceptions. By developing similar Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) we can realize neuromorphic computation systems excellent for dealing with large amounts of noisy data and stimuli and very well suited for perception, cognition and motor tasks. But the current CMOS technologies perform very poorly for emulating the biological brains and their power consumption is large. Currently we cannot replicate biological neurons behaviours with existing design and manufacturing technology. This project aims to develop compact miniature material elements that will emulate closely the complex dynamic behaviour of neurons and synapses, to form SNNs with substantial reduction in footprint, complexity and energy cost for perception, learning and computation. We investigate the properties of metal halide perovskite that have produced excellent photovoltaic devices in the last decade. These perovskites have ionic/electronic conduction, hysteresis, memory effect and switchable and nonlinear behaviour, that make them ideally suited for the realization of devices in close fidelity to biological electrochemically gated membranes in neurons, and information-tracking synapses. We will use the methodology of impedance spectroscopy and equivalent circuit analysis to fabricate devices with dynamic responses emulating the natural neuronal coupling and synchronization. This method will produce the hardware that we need for a preferred spiking computational model, incorporating time, analog physical elements and dynamical complexity as computational tools. As illustration we will show visual object recognition from spiking data provided by a spiking retina by advanced neuristors and dynamic synapses.

Mots-clés : neurons,perovskites,impedance,neuromorphic computation
Projet ERC : SPRING (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Fondation Jean-Marie Lehn — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1148496.36 €

Biomolecular motors are fundamental elements in the emergence of dynamic, self-sustaining, and evolving properties that characterize living systems. When fuelled by an external source of energy, they can perform and convert mechanical work into key functions such as catalysis, regulation, transport, actuation, and locomotion. This transduction of energy happens between hierarchical levels of self-organization, which maintain living systems out of thermodynamic equilibrium and link the unidirectional motion produced by the motors with various emerging functions in a remarkably efficient way. Therefore, one could expect that the implementation of artificial molecular motors in fully synthetic (supra)molecular systems may confer them with some “active” functional properties, in striking contrast with the majority of today’s rather “passive” materials which are engineered and used in (meta)stable states. However, artificial molecular machines have been mainly studied so far as molecular switches, which simply influence their surrounding as a function of their isomerization states (typically A vs B). The objective of the SPRING project is to unambiguously show that the unidirectional motion of artificial molecular motors can be usefully implemented in supramolecular and macromolecular systems and materials, in order to drive them energetically uphill and to subsequently produce non-trivial functions requiring dissipative out-of-equilibrium conditions such as: active morphing, active adaptation, and active propulsion. This will be achieved through advanced synthetic chemistry and a fundamental in-depth understanding of the (supra)molecular and macromolecular systems developed at all scales. If successful, the SPRING project will establish innovative concepts to elaborate (i) active (supra)molecular systems, (ii) new synthetic objects to study some fundamentals of complex matter, and (iii) new technologies to envision applications of molecular machines in the real world.

Mots-clés : molecular motors,out of equilibrium systems