Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : CREME (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Systems and communication engineering
Entité participante : Norwegian University of Science and Technology — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : NTNU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499101.88 €

The advent of light and freely moving autonomous robots that can perform complex and versatile operations in challenging environments, involving highly precise and forceful physical interactions, would represent a scientific breakthrough. In such robots, kinematics and dynamics will be intimately connected. Although solutions for specific use cases do exist, a control-theoretical framework, capable of dealing with this tight coupling in a wide range of contexts, is lacking. In CRÈME, I will establish the foundations for such a general framework for autonomous control of systems with strong coupling of kinematics and dynamics. In three research lines, I will build the framework while gradually increasing the level of complexity. In parallel, I will evaluate and demonstrate the utility of this framework for motion planning and control for energy-efficient propulsion, hovering, forceful interaction with objects, and energy harvesting in articulated autonomous underwater vehicles. The rationale for using underwater vehicles as a demonstration arena is partly due to my familiarity with the field, but primarily because the control challenges are particularly demanding. Thus, this will be the ‘litmus test’ for the utility of the framework in a whole range of other contexts. Over three decades, I have contributed with fundamental research to the control theory of underactuated marine vehicles and snake robot locomotion. This has brought me thorough understanding of both the practical challenges of robots in marine environments and the strengths and limitations of current control theory frameworks. More importantly, it strengthened my conviction that the field needs a leap forward as described above. Hence, this project represents an exciting and ambitious endeavour with great potential impact. Despite being hence of a high-risk, high-gain nature, this project is structured such that it will provide pioneering control theoretical contributions for this new class of robots.

Mots-clés : marine robotics,vehicle manipulator systems,nonlinear control
Projet ERC : LyrAIcs (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : IE University — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

The age of machine learning and data analytics have changed the habits of entertainment. Recommendation systems have been improving in the last years, with relevant commercial purposes, and many top-level companies –such as Amazon, Google or Netflix- are investing high amounts of money in improving their algorithms based on Artificial Intelligence. The case of music has been especially relevant, as the market has drastically changed in the last 10 years, moving towards a user-centric streaming model, where user preferences make the difference and dynamic playlists are the key of streaming success. Recommenders are built based on three main strategies: 1) similarities between songs that are identified by their soundwaves; 2) classification using conventional tags for songs, such as author, genre, period or, in some cases, mood; and 3) collaborative tagging by users. In this context, song lyrics (the text of songs) are barely considered for the improvement of these strategies. Moreover, recommendations based on lyrics are done by hand with uneven criteria and filters. This Proof of Concept proposes the creation of an AI based recommendation engine (i.e. web service API) for analyzing song lyrics using POSTDATA ERC Project algorithms as its technical scaffold. Natural Language Processing tools for poetry analysis will be used to build a web service API to process lyrics and extract knowledge as additional metadata to enrich the companies´recommender systems. This approach will open an exciting opportunity to contribute to boosting the music entertainment world using artificial intelligence and language technologies.

Mots-clés : song lyrics,music information retrieval,natural language processing,artificial intelligence,sentiment,analysis,content rating
Projet ERC : Elephant Project (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution
Entité participante : University of Turku — Pays : Finlande — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1949316.0 €

The ageing population structure of most European countries has major health, economic and social consequences that lead to a need to better understand both the evolutionary limitations of deferring ageing, as well as the mechanisms involved in growing old. Ageing involves reduced fertility, mobility and ability to combat disease, but some individuals cope with growing old better than others. Improving the quality of life at old age and predicting future changes in longevity patterns of societies might depend on our ability to develop indicators of how old we really are and how many healthy years we have ahead, and how those indicators depend on our health history across several decades. Yet, most model species used in biology are short-lived and provide a poor comparison to long-lived mammals such as humans. Further, they do not often inform on the mechanisms of ageing alongside its fitness consequences in natural populations of long-lived mammals. This project integrates different ageing mechanisms with unique data on lifelong disease and reproductive history in the most long-lived non-human mammal studied so far, the Asian elephant. I will examine how different mechanisms of ageing (telomere dynamics, oxidative stress and telomerase activity) interact with lifelong disease and reproductive history, and current endocrinological measures of stress and reproductive status. This will help us to better understand both the mechanisms of ageing and their consequences on senescence rates. To do so, I will combine the most comprehensive demographic data (N~10.000) on Asian elephants in the world with bi-monthly health assessments and disease records across life (N~2500) and with longitudinal markers of ageing and hormonal correlates of stress and reproductive potential (N~240). Understanding changes in health across life and its links to ageing rates, stress levels and life-history in a species as long-lived as humans will be relevant to a large range of end-users.

Mots-clés : aging,senescence,lifespan,asian elephant,behavioural ecology,life history theory,reproductive success,fitness,natural selection,stress level,mammal,sex difference,health
Projet ERC : AROMA-CFD (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : SISSA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1656579.0 €

The aim of AROMA-CFD is to create a team of scientists at SISSA for the development of Advanced Reduced Order Modelling techniques with a focus in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), in order to face and overcome many current limitations of the state of the art and improve the capabilities of reduced order methodologies for more demanding applications in industrial, medical and applied sciences contexts. AROMA-CFD deals with strong methodological developments in numerical analysis, with a special emphasis on mathematical modelling and extensive exploitation of computational science and engineering. Several tasks have been identified to tackle important problems and open questions in reduced order modelling: study of bifurcations and instabilities in flows, increasing Reynolds number and guaranteeing stability, moving towards turbulent flows, considering complex geometrical parametrizations of shapes as computational domains into extended networks. A reduced computational and geometrical framework will be developed for nonlinear inverse problems, focusing on optimal flow control, shape optimization and uncertainty quantification. Further, all the advanced developments in reduced order modelling for CFD will be delivered for applications in multiphysics, such as fluid-structure interaction problems and general coupled phenomena involving inviscid, viscous and thermal flows, solids and porous media. The advanced developed framework within AROMA-CFD will provide attractive capabilities for several industrial and medical applications (e.g. aeronautical, mechanical, naval, off-shore, wind, sport, biomedical engineering, and cardiovascular surgery as well), combining high performance computing (in dedicated supercomputing centers) and advanced reduced order modelling (in common devices) to guarantee real time computing and visualization. A new open source software library for AROMA-CFD will be created: ITHACA, In real Time Highly Advanced Computational Applications.

Mots-clés : reduced order modelling,reduced basis methods,proper orthogonal decomposition,optimal flow control,shape optimization,parametrized pdes,inverse problems,uncertainty quantification
Projet ERC : BAPS (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : University of Rostock — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 42303.75 €

The aim of BAPS is to develop a ground-breaking simulation model of international migration, based on a population of intelligent, cognitive agents, their social networks and institutions, all interacting with one another. The project will transform the study of migration – one of the most uncertain population processes and a top-priority EU policy area – by offering a step change in the way it can be understood, predicted and managed. In this way, BAPS will effectively integrate behavioural and social theory with modelling. To develop micro-foundations for migration studies, model design will follow cutting-edge developments in demography, statistics, cognitive psychology and computer science. BAPS will also offer a pioneering environment for applying the findings in practice through a bespoke modelling language. Bayesian statistical principles will be used to design innovative computer experiments, and learn about modelling the simulated individuals and the way they make decisions. In BAPS, we will collate available information for migration models; build and test the simulations by applying experimental design principles to enhance our knowledge of migration processes; collect information on the underpinning decision-making mechanisms through psychological experiments; and design software for implementing Bayesian agent-based models in practice. The project will use various information sources to build models bottom-up, filling an important epistemological gap in demography. BAPS will be carried out by the Allianz European Demographer 2015, recognised as a leader in the field for methodological innovation, directing an interdisciplinary team with expertise in demography, agent-based models, statistical analysis of uncertainty, meta-cognition, and computer simulations. The project will open up exciting research possibilities beyond demography, and will generate both academic and practical impact, offering methodological advice for policy-relevant simulations.

Mots-clés : bayesian methods,cognitive psychology,decision making,experimental design,migration,uncertainty
Projet ERC : FOLLOW (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UvA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999858.0 €

The aim of FOLLOW is to understand and analyse the security practices that render financial transactions into security intelligence, into court evidence. The novel approach is to map the path of the suspicious financial transaction as a ‘chain of translation.’ I ask what gets lost and added in the process of translating financial records from banks to courts. I deliver fine-grained empirical analysis of four key elements – privacy challenges, knowledge practices, situated judgement, and effects – at each link in the chain: banks, Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) and courts. I focus on four European Union member states that are most different cases: UK, Netherlands, Spain and Poland. Since 11 September 2001, banks and financial institutions have been positioned in the frontline of security and fighting terrorism. They have become arbiters of the normal and the suspicious. They report to Financial Intelligence Units, which cooperate with police and prosecutors. Terrorism financing cases are increasingly reaching the courts, which have to judge terrorist facilitation and intent. The security practices of ‘financial warfare’ have important implications for citizens, yet remain largely invisible. There is a striking gap between policy and practice in this field. Sub-projects analyse: practices within banks (PhD1); within FIUs (PhDs 2 + 3); and within courts (Post-docs 1 + 2). The PI focuses on the chain of translation as a whole, including data-exchange with the US. The approach is ground-breaking because it uses participant observation to analyse practices of security knowledge and judgement. FOLLOW opens significant new research horizons at the intersection between security studies and the sociology of knowledge practices. It introduces security studies to the chain of translation, across public/private domains and across jurisdictions. It introduces the literature on knowledge practices to the study of security, which entails its own unchartered kind of knowledge

Mots-clés : european security,security practice,finance,security,security technology,counter terrorism financing,privacy,critical security studies,counter terrorism practice,social studies of finance
Projet ERC : SUSTAIN (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : University of Vienna — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : Univie
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 444319.79 €

The aim of SUSTAIN is to elucidate how early agricultural societies in Europe maintained their capacity to self-generate and persist through time. It examines societies that have only recently settled in new environments and begun to practice mixed agro-pastoral husbandry. This at the time novel way of interaction with the environment involved a different scale of interference with the life cycles of plants and animals, and was of fundamental importance for subsequent developments in Europe. While archaeological research traditionally centres on the question of how societies and livelihoods changed, the project asks what made them capable to carry on, i.e. to remain sustainable. The project weaves together approaches from social anthropology, biogeography, bioarchaeology and complexity science in a manner that has not been attempted previously. We will examine the relationship of domesticates’ past range expansions and climate using correlative species distribution models (SDMs) and will derive past agropastoral practices from isotope signals in plant and animal remains. Novel approaches of quantitative inference will allow us to estimate parameters of crop and livestock productivity and to directly compare agropastoral performance across time and space in Europe. Using this knowledge, we will employ spatially explicit agent-based simulation to explore the social parameters of growth and decline of the first agricultural societies in Europe in previously unconsidered detail. We will examine the role of social webs of lateral insurance in colonising populations, and the extent to which fragmentation of these relationships constrained population expansion into new regions. The project will produce insights that challenge conventional wisdom about farming and environmental sustainability, particularly in regard to social connectedness, relations of sharing, and mobility, which will have value and impact beyond archaeology.

Mots-clés : stable isotope analysis,agent based modelling,bioarchaeology,biomolecular archaeology,model based archaeology,neolithic archaeology,computational social science,sustainability science,environmental humanities
Projet ERC : WORKANDHOME (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : ILS – Research Institute for Regional and Urban Development — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : ILS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 91362.58 €

The aim of WORKANDHOME is to develop a new framework for understanding fundamental changes currently taking place to work that situates individuals as economic actors within the context of their wider life domains, household, home and neighbourhood. This will break new ground in how we understand and classify economic activity, the home, the firm, places of economic activity, labour markets and ‘residential’ neighbourhoods. Significant and rising numbers of people work from home as a self-employed worker or business owner throughout Europe. This will be the first study that explores social, economic and spatial aspects of homeworking by self-employed workers and business owners including the role of new technologies and social media in dissolving the home-work boundary. This is an important new area for social science research since home-based self-employment and businesses vividly manifest the interconnection of ‘home’ and ‘work’ and of the ‘economic’ and the ‘social’ as part of an increasingly complex society. WORKANDHOME will integrate theoretical perspectives from economic geography, entrepreneurship and small business research, sociology, economics, housing and neighbourhood studies. In order to investigate new realities of how people work and live, this study will integrate analytical methods across the social sciences and computer sciences and create a new fusion of primary, secondary and ‘big’ social media data from the UK, the Netherlands, Germany, Europe and the world. WORKANDHOME offers a major step forward in understanding how people live, work, do business and shape space. Its integrated and international approach will stimulate considerable interdisciplinary exchange across disciplines in the social sciences for better understanding and tackling contemporary societal and economic changes and challenges.
Projet ERC : HYDROPHO-CHEAP (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : National Technical University of Athens — Pays : Grèce — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : NTUA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149730.0 €

The aim of the HYDROPHO-CHEAP project is to optimize, protect, and commercialize a recently developed methodology that allowed us to achieve “tailor-made” control of the wettability of polymer surfaces, rendering them super water-repellent. What makes our methodology highly innovative is the fast and cheap fabrication process, and most importantly the potential of implementing it in real-life environments. With this unique method we can fabricate ‘superhydrophobic islands’ (with a spatial resolution of 100 μm in the horizontal plane) of any shape i.e. dots, stripes, polygons and interconnected shapes, in any combination. Such functional surfaces can be produced in a single and fast fabrication step, without applying any hydrophobization top coating since we process an inherently hydrophobic material. We plan to demonstrate the capabilities that our method can offer to specific applications (microfluidic chips, fog harvesting, low flow friction surfaces) that we identified as the most prominent, protect the intellectual property that we have produced through our research and to find the optimum route-to-market in order to commercialize our research results.

Mots-clés : water repellent,superhydrophobic surface fabrication,addressable wettability,low flow friction
Projet ERC : PALaC (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of Verona — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1233750.0 €

The aim of the PALaC project is to provide a systematic and complete study of language-contact in pre-classical Anatolia, from the XVIII century BCE up the Anatolian and Syro-Anatolian cultures of the Iron ages. Language contact is a specific phenomenon present in all phases of modern and historical languages, and requires to be investigated using the language-internal methodologies of contact-linguistics. The project will provide a rigorous and complete description of the linguistic interactions in ancient Anatolia, a unique historical and geographical gateway where Indo-European, Semitic and isolated languages interacted with each other, on the ideal boundary between the East and the West. PALaC will deal with the analysis of the textual data from the different Ancient Anatolian corpora, that will be assessed both from a linguistic and from philological perspective. The final results will also be integrated in the general framework of historical and cultural contact in the Ancient Mediterranean world by a dedicated work-package. The project will take advantage of the methodological expertise of a team of researchers who are well trained both in the philological study of the Ancient Near Eastern texts and in the linguistic study of languages in contact.

Mots-clés : anatolia,contact linguistics,historical linguistics,language contact,indo european,cultural contact