Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : RECEDE (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Cardiff University — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 64830.76 €

Overuse of detention and poor detention conditions create and compound serious problems for societies, presenting significant health and safety risks. Crime rates are not rising, but criminal justice detention is expanding. Substantial literature examines the disproportionate regulation of marginalised groups through criminal justice, but we know remarkably little about the regulation of criminal justice itself. Mechanisms for regulating detention have recently proliferated, but their effects on practice are largely unknown. This is a major evidence gap, which there is a compelling need to address. My project will develop the first comprehensive, empirically generated model of criminal justice detention regulation: RECEDE, which will facilitate new understandings of how detention regulation could improve health and safety – in detention and society. RECEDE will be developed through a multidisciplinary research programme, linking criminology, law, geography and citizen participation studies. My research will create new knowledge about the four fundamental components of the model: i) regulation of the system of interdependent detention institutions, within and across glocal geographical scales, by (quasi-)statutory bodies and by ii) (participatory) voluntary sector organisations; iii) relationships between detention regulation, law and policy ‘on the books’ and ‘bottom up’ norm making in the cells; and iv) the brokerage of innovation in detention regulation and practice. Each component addresses a significant gap in scholarship, which has thus far been constrained by intra- and interdisciplinary silos. RECEDE is informed by actor-network theory (ANT), a sociological method for examining organisation and agency. ANT sensitises researchers to complex realities that might otherwise have remained obscure. ANT has been little used within penology and holds unrealised potential to investigate and reconfigure detention regulation and practice, across local to global scales.

Mots-clés : criminal justice detention,detention regulation,geographical scales,voluntary sector,detainee participation,brokerage,sh2 11 human and social geography
Projet ERC : OxfordNano (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of Oxford — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149811.0 €

OxfordNano aims to enhance the EU manufacturing capability in aerospace composite structures using special nanomaterials (NMs) technology derived from ERC research. The target application for this capability is ultra-performance radomes for airborne sensors systems and a growing opportunity to deliver digital services to users on the move e.g. passengers in civil aircraft and trains. Mobile radomes for the aviation industries need to be strong in structure and impact, lightweight and easily formed to aerodynamic shapes, and be resistant to erosion and lightning. Above all the radome must be transparent i.e. have the minimum insertion losses for that operational frequency range. In the last 40 years, a range of insulating materials such as ceramics and resin composites have been used to optimise properties such as durability against environment yet possessing maximum and/or tunable radio frequency transparencies. However, in advanced high-mobility applications utilisation of modern lightweight nanocomposites as structural materials for radomes with superior toughness, thermal properties and other functionalities are essential. OxfordNano’s European Industry project partners in the areas of advanced materials, composite manufacturing and radome design will apply speciality NMs to solve the formidable technical problems in engineering multifunctional composites for radomes, where conventional materials and engineering approaches are reaching the limit of their impact. There has been much recent progress in understanding NMs formation and scaled-up production techniques from laboratory scale to industrial scale manufacturing. Many technical barriers have been identified in this area of research. At present there is no known commercial technology using h-BN multi-wall nanotubes (BNNTs) at scale. Specially tailored h-BN NMs including h-BN nanotubes from Oxford¹s ERC programmes will underpin the development of ultra-performance mobile radomes.

Mots-clés : nanomaterials,radomes,manufacturing,composite materials,lightweight,mobile,wireless transmission
Projet ERC : GasPlaNt (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Cellular, Developmental and Regenerative Biology
Entité participante : University of Birmingham — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1495340.75 €

Oxygen (O2) and nitric oxide (NO) are gases that function as key developmental and stress-associated signals in plants. Investigating the molecular basis of their perception has the potential to identify new targets for crop improvement. In previous ground breaking work I showed that the direct transcriptional response to O2/NO is mediated by controlled degradation of specialised ‘gas-sensing’ transcription factors. We have now linked this degradation mechanism to a new functional class of ‘sensor’, a chromatin modifying protein that regulates the epigenetic silencing of genes. Here we will investigate the hypothesis that this protein acts as a previously undiscovered link between O2/NO and chromatin dynamics, and that plants have evolved a unique system for transducing gaseous signals into rapid transcriptional responses, and longer term epigenetic changes, through targeting different types of protein to the same degradation pathway. Using multidisciplinary genetic, biochemical and omics approaches we will investigate the molecular basis of this novel gas perception system, which appears to be a plant-specific innovation. We will identify its global gene targets (the ‘gas-responsive epigenome’), and uncover its growth and stress-associated functions in Arabidopsis and barley. We will also investigate how manipulating this pathway using genome editing and synthetic biology techniques alters plant performance, focusing on traits of agronomic significance. This ambitious and timely research will take our knowledge of O2/NO-signaling and the control of chromatin dynamics beyond the current state of the art by offering insight into a completely novel signaling mechanism operating at the interface of gas-perception, protein degradation, and epigenetics. GasPlaNt will therefore provide a step-change in our understanding of how plants synchronise their gene expression in response to signals to optimise growth and development within a dynamic environment.

Mots-clés : hypoxia,stress responses,crop species
Projet ERC : MISOTOP (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999836.0 €

Oxygen is an element of major importance, due to its presence in the vast majority of molecules and materials. Over the years, much effort has been put into the development of analytical techniques allowing the study of oxygen environments, in view of elucidating key questions about the structure and reactivity of a variety of systems. In this context, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been the focus of much attention, because it has progressively emerged as a technique capable of providing deep insight into the local structure around this atom. However, NMR spectroscopy is highly challenging for oxygen, mainly because the NMR-active isotope, oxygen-17, has a very low natural abundance (0.04%), and hence a very poor sensitivity. Because of this, the majority of 17O NMR studies require enriching the molecules and materials of interest in 17O. Unfortunately, 17O-labelling is simply unaffordable at the moment for most research groups, meaning that 17O NMR spectroscopy is inaccessible to the broad community, and still considered as an “exotic” tool of analysis. In this ERC project, the goal is to develop new rapid, user-friendly, and low-cost protocols for enriching a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds in 17O by using mechanosynthesis. This original approach will then be taken as a unique opportunity (i) to push the current boundaries of 17O solid state NMR spectroscopy (by developing new tools for studying the structure of complex molecular and materials systems), and (ii) to elucidate major questions which could not be addressed so far, especially concerning reaction mechanisms between solids and the structure of interfaces of biological relevance. In doing so, the overall idea is to make 17O NMR spectroscopy become a more standard analytical tool used by a vast research community, including chemists, biologists and physicists.

Mots-clés : solid state nmr,17o nmr,mechanosynthesis,hybrid materials
Projet ERC : PAPA (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : University of Trier — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1948683.0 €

PAPA will rewrite significantly the story of the emergence of modern politics, re-evaluate Ancien Régime society, and re-assess the origins of the French Revolution. To do so, it will develop a new way to look at the rise of the public sphere in the 18th century. The focus is on the study of political pamphlets: 1) the PI and his team will establish a new paradigm in the research on illegally published writings, and 2) develop a database that will open tremendous new possibilities for future research in intellectual and political history. 1) According to the dominant narrative, early modern France experienced a growth of state authority, and a decline of aristocratic power. While earlier royal authority was allegedly sacral, the Enlightenment era is presented as an epoch that witnessed the rise of the bourgeoisie and gave birth to a new criticism of both aristocracy and absolutism. The French Revolution is supposedly the result of these long-term processual changes. PAPA will question major theses of 17th- and 18th-century studies supporting this narrative, and develop new venues of research in these fields. PAPA’s main hypotheses are that a) courtiers shaped the 18th-century public sphere in a crucial way, b) 18th-century society and politics show more continuities than ruptures to the 17th century, and c) the French Revolution had at its inception much more in common with 17th-century princely uprisings than has been hitherto recognised. 2) The PAPA research team will create the first database devoted to Ancien Régime pamphlets. As several humanities and social sciences have a keen interest in these sources, the significance of PAPA goes largely beyond historical studies. The PAPA database will enable ongoing analyses of the content of these sources. This will greatly facilitate future research on Ancien Régime France and make scholarly results accessible within and outside academia.

Mots-clés : public sphere,political pamphlets,royal court,courtiers,patronage,enlightenment,ancien r gime,french revolution,france
Projet ERC : PASSIM (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : Radboud University Nijmegen — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1474000.0 €

PASSIM will study the medieval reception of the Latin sermons preached by the Early Church Fathers, using a digital network of manuscripts. The sermons of Augustine, Gregory the Great and other patristic preachers were transmitted throughout medieval Europe in the form of sermon collections, preserved in thousands of manuscripts. Nearly every manuscript contains a new combination of sermons, attesting to a continuous, widespread engagement with the authorities of the Early Church. The dynamic tradition of reorganising and rewriting the patristic heritage is largely overlooked by scholars of medieval religious practices, who concentrate on medieval preachers, and by scholars of Early Christianity, whose focus is the patristic context. Medieval collections of patristic sermons were part of the liturgical life of the monastery, but also of an intellectual tradition. They offer unique insights into medieval attitudes toward authority, techniques of appropriation, church organisation, monastic networks and knowledge exchange. PASSIM will execute the first large-scale analysis of the formation and spread of patristic sermon collections in medieval Europe. The project will develop a digital network of manuscripts, using well-tried principles from the field of textual criticism. Building on this network, PASSIM will pursue three lines of inquiry: the customizing of standard liturgical collections as indicative of individual purposes and contexts, the impact of transmission on the popularity of patristic sermons, and pseudo-epigraphic sermons as revelatory of medieval perceptions of the Church Fathers. PASSIM will bridge two disciplinary divides, between patristic and medieval sermon studies and between textual criticism and reception studies. Developing an interdisciplinary methodology with a wide applicability in the study of intellectual history, this project will introduce patristic preaching as a vibrant strand in the tapestry of the medieval religious tradition.

Mots-clés : sermon studies,history of the church,transmission and reception studies,manuscript studies,late antique and medieval latin literature,latin church fathers,digital humanities
Projet ERC : PICASCO (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Eindhoven University of Technology — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU/e
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

PICASCO aims to deliver the commercial proof of concept of a novel endto- end flow manufacturing and a novel corresponding compact flow mini plant. This is performed through the first continuous 4-step solvent-free flow manufacturing of a pharmaceutically relevant API compound at an industrial scale. Currently applied batch manufacturing techniques leave much room for improved quality, efficiency, cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. Flow multi-step manufacturing can address all these issues simultaneously, but to date has not been brought to an industrially useful scale. PICASCO sets out to scale this final barrier.

Mots-clés : continuous flow synthesis
Projet ERC : POLINEQUAL (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Université Grenoble Alpes — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UGA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1348750.0 €

POLINEQUAL aims to investigate the causes and mechanisms that motivate citizens to respond to economic inequality. Conceptually, it is based on the assumptions that 1) perceptions of economic inequality are biased as they are mediated by justice evaluations and, thus, do not mirror objective levels of economic inequality, 2) perceptions of economic inequality are informed by facts, ideological cues, media representations or personal heuristics, 3) perceptions and evaluations are malleable to the extent that economic inequality is being politicized and becomes politically salient, and 4) politically salient perceptions and evaluations of economic inequality evoke emotional, attitudinal and behavioural responses. In my conceptualization, perceptions of inequality – and justice evaluations that instil them - originate from social norms that are deeply rooted in the ‘moral economies’ of welfare regimes and are malleable as a function of individual exposure to and receptivity of facts, ideological cues, representations and heuristics of economic inequality. POLINEQUAL pursues two paths. First, it investigates the nature of interrelationship between media representations, ideological cues and individual perceptions and evaluations of economic inequality and to what extent the latter are conditioned by collectively shared distributive justice norms. Second, it investigates the impact of politically salient individual perceptions and evaluations of inequality on emotions and political behavior. Its aim is to develop a theoretical framework which explains the causes and mechanisms of individual perceptions of income inequality being contingent on national institutional arrangements, ideological cues, media frames and personal heuristics and destabilizing democracies. The research design is based on a mixed-methods approach, organized in different stages and combining data derived from focus groups, discourse and content analysis, an online survey and an experimental study

Mots-clés : perceptions of inequality,justice evaluations,politicization,discourse,framing
Projet ERC : POLINEQUAL (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Social World and Its Diversity
Entité participante : Sciences Po Grenoble — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : IEP de Grenoble
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 11250.0 €

POLINEQUAL aims to investigate the causes and mechanisms that motivate citizens to respond to economic inequality. Conceptually, it is based on the assumptions that 1) perceptions of economic inequality are biased as they are mediated by justice evaluations and, thus, do not mirror objective levels of economic inequality, 2) perceptions of economic inequality are informed by facts, ideological cues, media representations or personal heuristics, 3) perceptions and evaluations are malleable to the extent that economic inequality is being politicized and becomes politically salient, and 4) politically salient perceptions and evaluations of economic inequality evoke emotional, attitudinal and behavioural responses. In my conceptualization, perceptions of inequality – and justice evaluations that instil them - originate from social norms that are deeply rooted in the ‘moral economies’ of welfare regimes and are malleable as a function of individual exposure to and receptivity of facts, ideological cues, representations and heuristics of economic inequality. POLINEQUAL pursues two paths. First, it investigates the nature of interrelationship between media representations, ideological cues and individual perceptions and evaluations of economic inequality and to what extent the latter are conditioned by collectively shared distributive justice norms. Second, it investigates the impact of politically salient individual perceptions and evaluations of inequality on emotions and political behavior. Its aim is to develop a theoretical framework which explains the causes and mechanisms of individual perceptions of income inequality being contingent on national institutional arrangements, ideological cues, media frames and personal heuristics and destabilizing democracies. The research design is based on a mixed-methods approach, organized in different stages and combining data derived from focus groups, discourse and content analysis, an online survey and an experimental study

Mots-clés : perceptions of inequality,justice evaluations,politicization,discourse,framing
Projet ERC : POLITSOLID (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Vienna — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : Univie
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

POLITSOLID investigates the micro-foundations of political solidarities in fast-changing European polities. It analyses why some ordinary citizens show a high overall willingness to shoulder costs of public redistribution to other people in a polity, while others do not; and why ordinary citizens have multiple levels of willingness to shoulder costs depending on who receives the benefit. Relevance: Having high levels of political solidarities is important for modern democracies to deal with exogenous shocks and long-term structural changes in their societies, which create pressures on the political system. Recent exogenous shocks in Europe that brought the necessity of political solidarities to light were the financial crisis (2007/8) with its extensive transnational bail-out policies across the European Union and the large refugee intake (2015/16). Relevant long-term structural changes are population ageing, rising income inequality and mass immigration. This project answers the overarching research question: What drives political solidarities in modern European democracies? Objectives • To create a novel theoretical and empirical framework that allows simultaneous modelling of multiple political solidarities and that includes the individual as well as the macro levels to enable better predictions about how people behave. • To test causal mechanisms with a range of mostly experimental methods to get a better understanding of causality where observational studies have so far dominated. • To isolate effective levers that political actors can pull to create political solidarities. Data: POLITSOLID collects and analyses new data from (1) lab experiments & online surveys, (2) a simulated artificial state ‘Novaland’ in which volunteers from Austria, Germany & Switzerland act as citizens in an online environment, with experimental treatments applied, (3) an international panel survey in six countries and (4) field experiments in collaboration with real political actors.

Mots-clés : public redistribution,welfare state,solidarity,experiments,attitudes,survey,europe,public policy