Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : GLORE (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Vienne — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Uni Wien
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2159469.0 €

This project argues that the late 1940s and 1950s saw the construction of global resettlement regimes. Earlier scholarship on displacement and resettlement has generally treated post-war experiences in Europe and in Asia as separate domains. In contrast, this project shows the connections between the European and the Asian spheres, and further links them to Australia and the Americas. This project explores the potential of global history with an innovative interface to legal history, by (a) analysing the role of international organizations and experts linked with the United Nations system (UNRRA and IRO) in formulating policies that had a global impact; (b) analysing the interactions of this global resettlement regime with national policies and regional/local experts; (c) analysing the movements of refugees across national borders and continents, and the role of communities in reshaping refugee lives; (d) focusing on select biographical and intellectual archives and experiences. The project will use Social GIS methods to map these flows of actors and knowledge, especially through an intensive focus on the International Tracing Service (ITS) / Arolsen archives, which have hitherto seldom been analyzed in global perspective. It will link this empirical corpus with data gleaned from other international, national, and local archives, as well as non-archival sources, such as refugee memoirs and biographies, and representations of refugee resettlement in newspapers and literature. The project will follow these connected strands of enquiry by weaving together four interlinked optics: (a) on normativity; (b) on refugee’s lifeworlds and ‘state of exception’; (c) on global history and spatial studies, esp. the paradigm of ‘carceral geography’, in studying refugee camps; and (d) the emergent field of global intellectual history, and memory studies.The project will publish and convey the ‘lessons learned’ about post-war refugee resettlement which can inform discussions today.

Mots-clés : displaced person refugee refugee resettlement forced migration second world war cold war united nations unrra iro camp holocaust nazi germany europe asia china australia americas global history citizenship migration patterns post 1945 post war
Projet ERC : LUMIN (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Université technique du Danemark — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : DTU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2998010.0 €

LUMIN will enable unprecedented quantitative measurements of rates of Earth surface processes, through a new understanding of the charge transfer that records these rates in natural minerals.  Earth surface processes sculpt landscapes, disperse nutrients and affect climates and ecosystems; knowledge of the rates of these processes is fundamental to understanding and predicting landscape evolution. Quantifying such rates has proven very challenging over 0.0001-100 m spatial and 10-100,000 year temporal scales. Recently, luminescence dating techniques based on feldspar, the most dominant mineral in Earth’s crust, have shown a unique potential to quantify rates over such scales. These techniques rely on mathematical models of charge transport in feldspar when exposed to ionising radiation, heat and light in Earth surface environments. However, despite extensive efforts, our models yield inconsistent results, and remain controversial because of our inability to observe these charge transfer processes. The prime objective of LUMIN is to close this acute knowledge gap by applying novel innovations in luminescence physics. Using our recent breakthrough discovery which enables imaging of trapped electrons, LUMIN will for the first time: a) observe the spatial and temporal evolution of atomic states participating in luminescence, b) develop a unified mathematical model of charge transport in feldspar from first principles, and c) validate this model for measuring rates of Earth surface processes. LUMIN will provide a paradigm shift in our knowledge of charge transport processes in feldspar, and thus enable quantification of mass removal and transport on unprecedented spatial and temporal scales. Such data are essential for i) resolving the roles of climate, tectonics, and anthropogenic forcing in shaping our landscapes, and ii) further developing and field-testing landscape evolution models for assessing and addressing the challenge of global warming.

Mots-clés : luminescence geochronology,mineral physics
Projet ERC : Excited (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ICIQ
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Excited aims to advance fundamental understanding to light-initiated reactions in molecular sensitizers that can display quantumcoherent behaviour in their excited state dynamics at room temperature. Moreover, it will focus also on the investigation of quantum coherent contributions to the solar-to-energy conversion efficiency in solar cells. Understanding the importance of quantum-coherent dynamics in biological systems has been key to assess whether this phenomenon is not just present but key for the control, and command, of the energy transport in molecular based systems. It is of utmost importance to validate models in which these quantum phenomena can be translated to materials that provide efficient solar to power conversion technologies. Excited is not only a project where molecular solar cells will be fabricated and their physical properties will be measured. Excited goes well beyond that, and will pave the way for the development of solar cells that will be tailor-made to make use of quantum coherence, molecular hybridization and orbital coupling effects to increase the solar to energy conversion efficiency. It is clear that this challenge can only be successful under the scope of a multidisciplinary perspective open to new and feasible reasonable hypothesis. Therefore, I will make use of the research group knowledge on synthetic chemistry that has allowed us to obtain numerous sensitizers for solar cells applications, as well as, for semiconductor metal oxides. Moreover, I will take advantage of our experience in advanced experimental time-resolved techniques to study quantum coherent effects and solar cells under operando conditions. Excited will have a key impact on several fields, from biology to chemistry and physics and will bring paramount breakthroughs in the use of modified interfaces leading to the optimization of novel thin film solar cell technologies taking advantage of the quantum coherence phenomena and orbital coupling effects.

Mots-clés : devices,exited states,quantum coherence,molecular
Projet ERC : DyAddAlg (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université hébraïque de Jérusalem — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : HUJI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2223500.0 €

The last two decade have witnessed a new spring for dynamical systems. The field - initiated by Poincare in the study of the N-body problem - has become essential in the understanding of seemingly far off fields such as combinatorics, number theory, and theoretical computer science. In particular, ideas from ergodic theory played an important role in the resolution of long standing open problems in combinatorics and number theory. A striking example is the role of dynamics on nilmanifolds in the proof of Hardy-Littlewood estimates for the number of solutions to systems of linear equations of finite complexity in the prime numbers. The interplay between ergodic theory, number theory and additive combinatorics and very recently also algebraic geometry has proved very fruitful; it is a fast growing area in mathematics attracting many young researchers. I propose to tackle a wide range of central open problems in the area, focusing on multidimensional averages in ergodic theory and additive combinatorics, the stability phenomena for polynomial rings in many variables, and randomness properties of arithmetic functions.

Mots-clés : multiple ergodic averages,combinatorial structure theorems,gowers norms,sarnak s conjecture,approximate cohomology,high rank varieties,strength of polynomials
Projet ERC : LISTEN FLASH (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : OCA
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 73542.5 €

Terrestrial Planetary Seismology aims to revolutionize our understanding of planetary interiors and seismic activity. After the Mars interior exploration by InSight seismometer, the next steps will be on the Moon, with three seismometer deployments planned for 2026/2027 : NASA's Far Side Seismic Suite (FSS) with a French spare InSight sensor, NASA's Artemis-3 Lunar Environment Monitoring Station, and the Chinese Chang'E-7 Lunar Seismometer. This ERC project hinges on detecting and locating lunar impacts, essential for constraining interior models, akin to seismic studies on Mars. It does this by deploying a network of three Earth-based telescopes to monitor Lunar Impact Flashes, complementing data from FSS and other lunar seismometers. This synergy enables precise impact location and timing, crucial for mapping lunar crustal and mantle structures of the lunar south hemisphere, including Schrödinger impact basin and South Pole shallow layers. Moreover, the project pioneers a multi-messenger approach in planetary science by combining seismic waveforms from impacts, high-resolution imaging of impact craters and impact digital twins to understand impact dynamics, lunar scattering and attenuation and lunar subsurface properties comprehensively. It aims to establish empirical relations between impact characteristics, seismic source parameters and seismic signals, enhancing our understanding of impact processes and enabling “natural” controlled seismology using impacts for future planetary exploration. With a robust implementation plan aligned with lunar mission timelines, this ERC project is based on partnership between IPGP and CNRS and promises to deliver groundbreaking insights into planetary seismology. It leverages expertise from planetary seismology, impact observations, and instrumentation, supported by international collaborations, to address fundamental questions about planetary interiors and enhance our understanding of planetary formation and impacts processes.

Mots-clés : planetary seismology moon mars lunar impact flash
Projet ERC : Field-SEER (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : Institute of Photonic Sciences — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ICFO
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2402831.0 €

Field-SEER will develop magnetic sensors with combined spatial, temporal, and field resolution beyond what is possible with existing sensing approaches. The “energy resolution” of a sensor describes this combined performance, and determines a sensor’s ability to detect weak, localized and transient signals. In today’s best-developed sensors, the energy resolution is known to be limited by a combination of intrinsic quantum noise and self-interaction effects. Field-SEER will develop sensors that evade such limits, and in doing so establish a new paradigm for extreme field sensing. The immediate fruits of this new approach will be sensors for two exceptionally demanding contemporary applications: First, a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate co-magnetometer will be developed to search for short-range forces predicted by several models of physics beyond the standard model. Second, optically-addressed nuclear spin ensembles will be developed as high-density vapor-phase magnetometers for next-generation magnetic brain imaging. In both cases, orders-of-magnitude improvement are predicted both for the energy resolution and for application-specific metrics. Field-SEER will also study how spin squeezing, predicted to play an important role in these sensors due to their extraordinary coherence properties, can be harnessed for optimal sensing in this new regime of exceptional energy resolution.

Mots-clés : atomic sensors,magnetometry,comagnetometer,atomic vapors,bose einstein condensates,quantum non demolition measurement,spin squeezing
Projet ERC : QUEFES (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Institute of Photonic Sciences — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ICFO
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2497225.0 €

Ultrafast electron microscopy relies on the spatial, spectral, and temporal manipulation of free electrons with nm/meV/fs precision to map the structural dynamics as well as the vibrational and electronic ground and excited states of nanomaterials. With QUEFES I will introduce a conceptually disruptive approach to capitalize on the quantum nature of free electrons and their interactions with matter and radiation fields aiming to obtain previously inaccessible information on the atomic-scale dynamics of such materials, to reveal hidden properties of the quantum vacuum, and to control the many-body state of quantum matter. I will address five challenges of major scientific relevance: (i) the spatiotemporal control over the density matrix of free electrons by interaction with suitably designed optical fields to overcome the current limits of space/time/energy resolution in time-resolved electron spectromicroscopy; (ii) a disruptive approach to map the nanoscale quantum fluctuations and the out-of-equilibrium state associated with optical near fields in vacuum and polaritonic excitations in nanomaterials; (iii) a Fourier-transform-inspired method to image the spatiotemporal evolution of atomic structures, charge carriers, and dynamical screening; (iv) the use of free electrons to flexibly read and write the many-body quantum state of trapped Rydberg atoms and quantum gases; and (v) the realization of all-electron pump-probe spectroscopy combined with the formation of dynamically screened multiple free-electron bound states for lossless charge transport in a semiconductor. I will pursue these research frontiers by relying on the strong interdisciplinary theoretical background of my group at the intersection between electron-light-matter interactions and nanophotonics, introducing a change of paradigm in the use of free electrons to break the current limits of spectromicroscopy and having the potential for revolutionizing our ability to image and manipulate the nanoworld.

Mots-clés : electron light matter interactions,ultrafast electron microscopy,electron energy loss spectroscopy,plasmonics
Projet ERC : Milli-Q (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : HGF
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2736708.75 €

I propose an experimental program to investigate quantum-coherent properties of superconducting circuits at frequencies one order of magnitude larger than those demonstrated until now. My idea is to develop a new generation of superconducting qubits with significantly increased energy level separation between their ground and the first excited states. Pushing the operation frequency of superconducting qubits up offers a number of potential technological advantages. Due to the increased level separation, such novel millimetre-wave quantum processors could be operated at much higher temperatures than their present counterparts. Even at millikelvin temperatures, the higher qubit resonance frequency will offer better protection from non-thermal noise. Furthermore, qubit logic gates can be performed faster at higher frequencies. Quantum circuit components can be reduced in size due to smaller wavelength at higher frequencies, thus allowing for a smaller footprint, denser packaging and better integration. These numerous potential advantages face nevertheless a number of challenges and pose open questions that will be addressed and are aimed to be answered in the proposed project. The goal is to develop prototype qubits for the 100 GHz frequency range and to demonstrate their manipulation and quantum state tomography. This challenging project will unearth fundamental knowledge about decoherence in this yet unexplored frequency range. We will study dielectric loss and other decoherence sources as functions of frequency and temperature. Once successful, this approach will open a new way of building a superconducting quantum computer.

Mots-clés : superconducting qubits,quantum computing,quantum circuits,josephson junctions,quantum engineering,superconducting electronics,mm wave electronics
Projet ERC : CorMeTop (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Université technique de Vienne — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Wien
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 3356483.0 €

Developments in the past decade have shaped the term topological quantum matter. In the solid state, much progress has been made on non- and weakly-interacting systems and correlated insulators, but gapless topological phases governed by strong correlations are a completely open challenge. They are of great interest because a wealth of new quantum phases with new properties and functionalities are expected. The PI and her collaborators have recently discovered one such phase - the Weyl-Kondo semimetal - and brought to light its extreme topological responses as well as the feasibility of genuine topology control by external parameters. This sets the stage for the present project. In CorMeTop new correlation-driven gapless topological phases shall be discovered and design principles for such phases established. New signatures of these phases shall be revealed and their potential for quantum devices assessed. To achieve these objectives, the versatile platform of heavy fermion compounds will be used. Four different design principles - symmetry, emergence, engineered platforms, and parameter tuning - will be followed, and a combination of recently established and entirely new experimental probes will be used. The basis for these studies will be high-quality bulk single crystals and thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Among the questions to be addressed are: To which extent does symmetry dictate the fate of topological states in the limit of strong correlations? What is the connection between quantum criticality or other emergent phenomena, long-range entanglement, and topology? Can entirely new platforms based on heavy fermion systems stabilize robust and even braidable Majorana bound states? Which theoretical parameters control topology and how can one vary them experimentally? Which functionalities bear potential for quantum applications? We expect the project to establish an emerging field, and provide guidance to a larger community to boost progress.

Mots-clés : heavy fermion compounds,electronic topology,weyl semimetal,quantum criticality,emergence,topological superconductivity,low temperature physics,single crystal growth,molecular beam epitaxy,electrical and thermal transport,microwave experiments,entanglement
Projet ERC : BlockSec (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer Science and Informatics
Entité participante : Université technique de Vienne — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Wien
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499983.0 €

Despite their tender age, blockchain technologies are bringing a profound impact on the society and economy. The swift technological advancements in this domain, however, are not always accompanied by solid scientific foundations, which often follow and try to catch up a posteriori with the proposed engineering solutions. The most prominent examples are smart contracts: the total value locked in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) nears 50B USD and, yet, vulnerabilities leading to dramatic financial loss regularly plague virtually all smart contract platforms. The fundamental issue is that security properties for DeFi applications are yet not well understood and existing verification techniques support basic reachability properties for individual smart contracts, falling short of capturing the game-theoretic and cross-layer security requirements of the DeFi ecosystem (miner bribery, miner extractable value, etc.). BlockSec will develop the first framework to enforce game-theoretic security in DeFi applications. To achieve this goal, we advocate a holistic approach based on formal methods, embracing verification, synthesis, and consensus techniques, and we establish an interdisciplinary research program with groundbreaking results at the intersection among cryptography, semantics, verification, and game theory. On a high-level, we plan to formalize the game-theoretic security properties of DeFi applications, develop synthesis and verification methods for smart contracts, including the first type system for game theoretic security, devise compositionality theorems whose assumptions will be captured in the smart contract typed interfaces, and finally complement the static type system with a proof-carrying code architecture in which security types are checked at run-time by miners, thereby going beyond what can be enforced at compilation time and enabling the secure composition and refinement of smart contracts.