Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : DANCE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Münster — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Universität Münster
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499776.0 €

The online world of adolescent nerd communities, once a refuge for enthusiasts of digital games, technology, and fandom, has taken a troubling turn. Previously harmless niche groups have evolved into ‘dark nerd communities,’ where exclusionary ideologies, misogyny, and extremist views have taken root. Events like GamerGate and the ‘incel’ movement exposed sexism, anti-liberalism, and connections to alt-right ideologies, raising critical questions about the processes behind this shift.  This research project aims to explore the mechanisms by which these communities degrade into toxic environments. It seeks to map the diversity within dark nerd communities and dissect the processes driving their toxic evolution, including individual and structural features, group dynamics, and the influence of manipulators (so-called ‘dark agents’). Unlike previous studies focusing on either generalized online risks or extreme cases like incel hate crimes, this project will examine the social and communicative structures within specific nerd communities, providing a nuanced understanding of how everyday degradation occurs.  The project will proceed in three phases: defining and identifying dark nerd communities; analysing the communicative and social processes behind their toxic transformation; and testing intervention strategies to mitigate these effects. Methodologically, the project will employ a combination of computational, traditional quantitative, and in-depth qualitative methods.  By addressing toxic degradation within dark nerd communities, this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of these communities and provide insights for preserving the safety and integrity of online spaces during a critical transitional life phase. The outcomes are expected to lay the foundations for stemming the tide of toxicity and extremism within the adolescent technosphere.

Mots-clés : nerds,communities,online communication,toxicity,adolescence,video games,multi method study,online risks,hate speech,disinformation
Projet ERC : H-dot (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Université de Münster — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Universität Münster
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Water activation, which allows the transfer of universally abundant hydrogen into value added compounds, is an important research field in modern science. This task has been realized mainly by using transition-metal-based systems. Herein we will use a conceptually novel mild water activation strategy which proceeds through a photocatalytic phosphine-mediated radical process. The active species in these processes is a metal-free R3P-OH2 radical cation intermediate where both hydrogen atoms are used in the following chemical transformation through sequential heterolytic (H+) and homolytic (H•) cleavage of the two O-H bonds. The R3P-OH radical intermediate provides an ideal platform to mimic the reactivity of a "free" hydrogen atom that can be directly transferred to various π-systems to give H-adduct C-radicals, which are eventually reduced by a thiol cocatalyst leading to overall transfer hydrogenation of π-systems, with the two H-atoms of water ending up in the product. The driving force is the strong P-O bond formed in the phosphine oxide byproduct. Hydrogenation of alkenes, arenes and hetero(arenes) will be investigated, also addressing stereoselective reductions using chiral H-donors. Deuteration and tritiation with D2O and T2O as formal reductants will be explored. Experimental studies will be supported by DFT calculations throughout the studies. Polar effects exerted by the H-donors will be studied, which will allow the design of more complex intramolecular and intermolecular reductive cascade reactions comprising C-C bond forming steps. Reactivity of the novel R3P-OH radicals towards various functionalities will be systematically investigated and the reactive functional groups then incorporated into cascade reactions. Atom-economic radical H-transfer isomerization reactions that proceed with P-based catalysts will be developed. Finally, photoactive P-compounds will be used as mediators for water activation in hydrogen atom transfer radical chemistry.

Mots-clés : radical chemistry,synthetic methodology,stereoselective synthesis,hydrogenation,photoredox catalysis
Projet ERC : HighEnT (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Université de Münster — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Universität Münster
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499250.0 €

The development of novel synthetic methodologies is one of the most essential chemical research areas since the access to organic molecules is the foundation for many applied sciences (e.g. medicinal chemistry, materials science). In recent years, the construction of increasingly complex molecular scaffolds has gained significance, with a particular need for conformationally restricted, three-dimensional architectures. However, the synthesis of such molecular frameworks remains exceptionally challenging, limiting their application in other research branches. Consequently, revealing novel strategies to convert simple feedstock chemicals into complex building blocks has a beneficial impact on society as a whole. In HighEnT we will disclose ground-breaking methodologies augmenting the synthetic toolbox of organic chemists focusing on expanding the chemical space to discover pharmacologically relevant structural motifs. The key to success is the creative and innovative utilisation of the unique triplet excited state reactivity enabled by visible light-mediated EnT catalysis, providing a platform for unconventional retrosynthetic disconnections. Based on our broad expertise in this field, we will investigate diverse areas of EnT catalysis including non-classical and dearomative cycloadditions as well as σ-bond cleavage processes. In each domain longstanding challenges will be solved with respect to product motifs, chemical space expansion, and mechanistic understanding. Furthermore, we envision the merger of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis with EnT catalysis, opening otherwise locked reaction pathways. Finally, to guide our product- and mechanism-oriented reaction discovery, we will develop and apply a novel prediction platform based on the interconnection of quantum chemical calculations and machine learning. We aim to provide easily accessible tools and statistical analyses that give new insights and impetus for reaction design.

Mots-clés : photocatalysis,energy transfer,green chemistry,complex molecules
Projet ERC : NatClim (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth System Science
Entité participante : Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : AWI
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 599097.0 €

The future of Earth’s climate is of international concern. Yet the models we depend on for predicting the future remain uncalibrated against a natural baseline because that baseline has yet to be defined. In this ambitious project, we will generate the first empirically based predictions of a future climate that will constrain and define the natural baseline. Combined with state-of-the-art climate model experiments, this will allow us to deliver the first quantitative assessment of the absolute impacts of human activity over the coming millennia.  NatClim has 2 primary objectives:  Objective A: develop empirically based predictions about the future natural evolution of climate beginning today and going forward until the projected next glacial transition (10-20kyr from now). Specifically, we will generate new proxy reconstructions of key climate parameters across selected intervals in the past. These will be augmented by improved age model development and used to generate calibrations for predicting future variations in (for example) deep ocean temperature, sea level and atmospheric CO2.  Objective B: produce an ensemble of future climate projections using state-of-the-art global climate models, ranging from entirely natural (based on results from Objective A) to essentially manmade (based on IPCC emission scenarios). The difference between these extremes will provide the first 4-dimensional quantification of the absolute effects of human activity on future climate.  These objectives will be achieved by a team of experts led by the Principal Investigator with support from a group of Early Career Researchers and PhD students, who will gain invaluable and multi-disciplinary experience across climate system research. Our results will provide a groundbreaking benchmark and foundation upon which the full socio-economic costs of manmade climate change can be calculated, and a basis for future global climate policy decision-making.

Mots-clés : climate reconstruction climate prediction climate modelling
Projet ERC : HIMMS (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Condensed Matter Physics
Entité participante : Institut Jožef Stefan — Pays : Slovénie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : IJS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 535010.5 €

Non-equilibrium states of matter have become of great fundamental and practical interest in recent years because of their wide importance in diverse areas of physics. With the rapid development of new time-resolved techniques, the temporal dynamics of competing processes and interactions were recently elucidated in a wide variety of complex condensed matter systems. However, the physics of metastable mesoscopically non-periodic quantum textures emerging from phase transitions has been largely experimentally inaccessible till now: current state of the art time-resolved methods using x-rays, electron diffraction, photoemission, THz and optical spectroscopy all average over multiple transition outcomes. Moreover, they cannot resolve irregular nonperiodic nanoscale structures. Thus, a large field of mesoscopic quantum physics of metastable quantum states remains largely unexplored. Here we propose to develop a unique set of tools to investigate mesoscopic metastable irregular textures created under controlled non-equilibrium conditions in quantum materials, with focus on topological transitions and quantum jamming phenomena. Temporally tempered excitation techniques combined with time-resolved scanning tunnelling microscopy will be used to studying single and multiple transition outcomes with atomic spatial resolution on timescales from picoseconds to hours. Experiments supplemented by new theoretical approaches will address the creation processes, relaxation dynamics and quantum decoherence of metastable mesoscopic structures, as well as manipulation and control. Theoretical approaches for addressing resulting quantum states include fracton-derived models and quantum annealing on a quantum computer. The project opens the path to detailed exploration of a new class of physical phenomena of wide fundamental interest in different areas of physics, while opening new avenues in non-equilibrium solid state quantum systems technology.

Mots-clés : nonequilibrium phenomena,jamming transitions,topological transitions,femtosecond spectroscopy,electronic ordering,scanning tunneling microscopy
Projet ERC : FILTERSCAPE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Studies of Cultures and Arts
Entité participante : Université d'Aarhus — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2317071.0 €

Filtering contaminating flows in water ecologies is a critical problem for planetary health. Current approaches e.g. One Health, favour collaboration among disciplines, governmental bodies, citizens and ecological (more-than-human) actors, to innovate new thinking and sustain interventions. Despite aspirations, efforts to pull human and ecological forces into play remain obstructed by disciplinary silos, vested interests, epistemic uncertainty and a lack of a shared vocabulary. FILTERSCAPE offers a groundbreaking research agenda for anthropology to address these limitations and drive new thinking in planetary health forward. It captures the overlooked human and more-than-human filtering work within water ecologies. Filtration is a mechanism that can mediate, exacerbate and ameliorate environmental contamination. Enacted in the relations between people, organisms and infrastructures, it works to separate and absorb wanted from unwanted matter. In doing so, it interrupts flows of contamination, to reveal their sources, effects and politics. FILTERSCAPE will analyze ecological (wetland), infrastructural (waste and water treatment) and embodied (kidneys; macroinvertebrates) filtering relations in Danish and Mexican water ecologies. By studying their histories, diagnostic capacities, governance and embodiments, this project will produce groundbreaking theoretical, methodological and empirical knowledge. It will connect the distinct subfields of medical and environmental anthropology and offer valuable insights for policy makers, practitioners and citizens. It will do this by reconceptualizing planetary health as a filtering assemblage, excavating the role it must play in shaping liveable landscapes.  FILTERSCAPE provides a pluralistic, legible and collaborative platform. Anchored in an anthropology sensitive to space and time, it will ally with ecoscience, agroecology, engineering, environmental management and public health – fields where filtration is integral.

Mots-clés : anthropology,health,environment,contamination,filtration,
Projet ERC : SLOMODEMO (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université d'Aarhus — Pays : Danemark — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499222.0 €

Social acceleration – the progressively faster rate of technological, social, and life-pace change – has created a challenge for democratic problem solving. The demand for rapid and effective policy solutions is ever-increasing, while democratic politics often fails to keep up with urgent calls for intervention. We live in a high-speed society that is governed by a slow-motion democracy. This poses a fundamental dilemma for democratic problem solving: speed up decision making by circumventing democratic procedures, or hold on to slow procedures at the cost of effective problem solving. Either option could further erode public trust in liberal democracy, whose legitimacy relies on its ability to solve problems democratically and effectively.  To address this challenge, SLOMODEMO advances a new theoretical and empirical research agenda to understand how and under what conditions social acceleration is negatively affecting liberal democracy’s capacity to legitimately solve problems. The project reconceptualizes liberal democracy as a problem-solving system, advances the theory and empirics of social acceleration, and offers cross-national and over-time studies of eight liberal democracies. This innovative approach enables key contributions on:  - the measurement of the extent of social acceleration - social acceleration’s disruptive effects on liberal-democratic institutions and lawmaking - when and why citizens and politicians prioritize fast problem solving over democratic processes and the trade-offs they make - the strategies governments employ to cope with the dilemma for democratic problem solving and to what effect  SLOMODEMO provides new theoretical and empirical knowledge and offers valuable insights for policymakers, institutions, and citizens alike, offering a path forward in solving a critical challenge for our time: how to obtain a legitimate balance between democratic procedures and effective problem solving amidst rapid change.

Mots-clés : social acceleration,liberal democracy,problem solving,democratic dissatisfaction
Projet ERC : GT4Pebbles (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Universe Sciences
Entité participante : Université technique Carolo-Wilhelmina de Brunswick — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Braunschweig
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1478750.0 €

The discovery of exoplanetary systems has triggered a boost in the development of planet formation models. Most of these models rely on the presence of so-called pebbles – dust aggregates that have grown and been compacted in just the right way to be dynamically loosely coupled to the gas in the planet-forming disk. Only then do they enable key processes that produce planetary seeds and grow them efficiently into planets, overcoming growth barriers and enormous time scale problems. The models require that conversion of micron-sized dust particles into pebbles is global, efficient and fast. However, this is currently an unproven assumption that renders base assumptions of these models as shaky. GT4Pebbles will answer the following questions:  - Do pebbles with useful properties for planet formation actually form, and with sufficient abundance? - What are the quantitative properties of these pebbles, and the consequences for planet formation models, disk observations and disk mass measurements?  Building upon my recent advances in modeling and disk observations, and on advances in experimental technology in our partner laboratory, we will develop the first full-size range fractal dust-agglomeration experiment. We will gain comprehensive insights into the formation and properties of dust aggregates without relying on extreme extrapolations. By integrating experimental results with advanced numerical models, we will derive the structural, mechanical and optical properties of these aggregates as they evolve into pebbles. We will create a robust global dust growth model that for the first time meticulously accounts for porosity and compaction phenomena. This research will enable us to identify and characterize the initial seeds crucial for planet formation models in disks, providing valuable contributions to our understanding of planetary-system formation.  With GT4Pebbles, planet formation models will no longer be “built on sand”, but on a solid foundation.

Mots-clés : laboratory astrophysics,numerical methods,optical properties
Projet ERC : MaGMa (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Barcelone — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 62500.0 €

The proposed project will be the first to investigate the intimate connection between material culture, quotidian life, and gender in the making of and resistance to early modern colonial globalization. The 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries witnessed the rise of historical processes vital to moulding the world to its present shape. While scholars have extensively studied the worldwide translocations of people, goods and ideas, the fact that this globalization also took shape through the cross-continental circulation of engendered ideologies, policies, knowledge, material culture, technologies and skills has not been sufficiently explored; equally under-investigated has been how this same constellation worked in resisting globalization. Through a synergistic transdisciplinary approach, MaGMa will fully address these weaknesses by examining the material worlds constructed at the crossroads of Modern Colonialism, Gender Systems, and Maintenance Activities. The latter is a concept born in Spanish archaeology to highlight the foregrounding nature of a set of structural everyday practices (e.g. care-giving, food-processing, weaving, hygiene and health, the socialization and rearing of children, and the arrangement of living spaces) essential to social continuity and community wellbeing. Bringing into focused dialogue prehistoric and historical archaeology; history; anthropology, geography; and postcolonial, anticolonial, decolonial, and gender studies, and binding archaeological science, archaeological fieldwork, and archival research, MaGMa will analyse cultural changes and continuities in the Mariana Islands revealing otherwise undetected cultural features. The ground-breaking combination of this array of disciplines and methods will facilitate the ultimate goal of the project: a sound and holistic understanding of how maintenance activities and gender transformations became structural in configuring early modern colonial “new normalities” across the globe.

Mots-clés : archaeology of colonialism archaeology of gender archaeology of everyday life global archaeology social archaeology community oriented archaeology indigenous communities decolonial archaeology pacific archaeology,historical archaeology mariana islands
Projet ERC : DIGSHELL (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université du Luxembourg — Pays : Luxembourg — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 3366380.0 €

Shell companies have played a crucial role in the infrastructure of global capitalism as vehicles for tax engineering and maintaining secrecy. The challenge of finding suitable sources for a subject tied to secrecy, and a tendency to focus on national case studies for a phenomenon that transcends geographical boundaries, have hindered efforts to unravel these complex infrastructures. Building on a research initiative that focused exclusively on Luxembourg this newly proposed project adopts a global perspective. It seeks to illuminate the role of legal service providers, by adding three national case studies (Panama, the British Virgin Islands, and Singapore) and focusing on international arenas of legal coding of capital thanks to the company registers, a resource publicly accessible. While this corpus will be enriched with various other sources, the vast amount of unstructured data from the company registers presents a challenge of access and analysis.To make this corpus amenable for distant reading, the raw data must be structured and made accessible through processing and expansion/enrichment. Once the structured data is available, we can use data analysis methods and visualization. The emerging use of large language models based on generative AI shows strong potential to significantly change the way historians will work with large-scale source collections in the future. DIGSHELL aims to be groundbreaking on two fronts. It will provide a comprehensive history of global tax networks, unveiling the development of multi-jurisdictional spaces where national states, global companies, local financial intermediaries, and international organizations collaborate to build, sustain, and govern global financial infrastructures. It addresses the new challenges and opportunities arising in the field of Digital Humanities through the systematic integration of AI, which not only necessitates rethinking data processing but also questions the hermeneutics of digital history.

Mots-clés : digital history,tax havens,fiscal history