Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : PhilAnd (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : Université Catholique de Louvain — Pays : Belgique — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UCL
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2186812.5 €

The objective of PhilAnd is to conduct a large-scale exploration of how, and under which form, philosophy appeared for the first time in al-Andalus. This issue is pivotal to understanding the history of sciences and ideas, and the role of the Arab-Muslim world in this transfer to Medieval Europe. Its relevance today also lies in the fact that it addresses questions of cultural and religious identities, since the formative stage of philosophy in al-Andalus proved decisive in shaping the intellectual background of many later authors from the Peninsula, whether Muslims, Jews, or Christians. At the crossroads of major lines of enquiries in scholarship and in line with recent discoveries having important chronological implications, PhilAnd focuses on the 10th century, a period usually disregarded by historians on the assumption that philosophy as such was not cultivated in the Iberian Peninsula before the 11th-12th centuries. Its originality is also to put emphasis on ‘ill-defined’ materials and channels of transmission, a field which remains largely unexplored. This project consists of five topics designed for highly-specialised scholars, and of another three transversal types of exploration conducted in the form of conferences convened with leading experts in the world. The final objectives are to test the hypothesis: 1) that the emergence of philosophy in al-Andalus significantly predates the currently accepted time; and 2) that the impact of this formative stage was considerably wider than commonly acknowledged. This project also seeks to provide a better evaluation of the originality of the first Andalusī philosophers with respect to their Oriental forerunners. This cutting-edge investigation is likely to stimulate major changes in our perception of how this primeval stage of philosophy in al-Andalus determined the subsequent developments of rational speculation among the three monotheistic communities of the Peninsula and the intellectual formation of Europe.

Mots-clés : arabic philosophy,islamic science,andalus,knowledge transfer,neoplatonism,ismailism
Projet ERC : SECRETE-HF (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases
Entité participante : Erasmus MC — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 432748.06 €

The objective of SECRETE-HF is to demonstrate the effects of secreted factors from failing hearts to explain the etiology of multimorbidity in heart failure (HF). The project focuses on two co-morbid patterns: 1) the emerging susceptibility of HF patients for incident cancer, 2) the more established co-morbid conditions of renal, liver and pulmonary disease in HF. The rationale is: • HF treatment has improved, yet morbidity and mortality remain high, which can be attributed to co-morbid conditions rather than pump failure alone. • HF treatment is heart-oriented, neglecting the systemic effects that come with HF, and the associated morbidity and mortality. • Using innovative experimental approaches such as organ transplant models, target finding, and deep phenotyping of clinical databases I will dissect HF-derived effects on tumor growth and organ damage. OBJECTIVES 1. To establish the effects of HF, due to different etiologies, using the state-of-the-art heart transplantation murine model with (spontaneous) formation of colon and renal tumors, and phenotype tumor growth, as well as the main HF-affected organs: kidney, liver and lungs. 2. Identification of the cardiac secretome using unbiased approaches. 3. Integrate the results and identify overlapping and diverse factors from different HF forms, and their consequences for tumor growth and kidney/liver/lung remodeling. 4. Validate discoveries in human cohorts with data on incident HF, cancer and organ function. 5. Create clinical algorithms to detect, monitor and act on extra-cardiac disease. WORKPACKAGES WP 1: Create HF, murine heart transplantation models; phenotype tumor growth and organ involvement. WP 2: Explore the proteomic, metabolomic and extracellular vesicle profiles from HF subforms. WP 3: Validate secreted factors in vitro and in vivo. WP 4: Validate human relevance in large population-based cohorts with unique phenotyping. WP 5: Describe added value of novel markers and design clinical

Mots-clés : aetiology,diagnosis and treatment,epidemiology,cross disciplinary
Projet ERC : LACRYS (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Earth system science
Entité participante : Spanish National Research Council — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CSIC
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 104625.0 €

The objective of the LACRYS project is to validate and de-risk a technology based on light assisted crystallization for restoration of artworks (frescos), to assess its market potential and identify the most suitable exploitation strategy. Precipitation or dissolution oThe precipitation or dissolution of single and composite materials is a ubiquitous process in materials science and nature. So far, it can be controlled at large scale either in laboratory experiments or industrial processes. However, controlling the precipitation (or dissolution) of a mineral phase at micron scale is nowadays a challenge opening the gate to precious applications in health sciences (bone and teeth repair), art preservation (frescos and most pieces of work), the synthesis of advanced complex materials and the polymorphic control in pharmaceutical industry. We have envisaged a new, feasible and affordable method to control the precipitation/dissolution of mineral phases at the scale of one micron and below. Our method uses light-sensitive molecules that can induce a local change of pH (or a local change of concentration of specific species) upon illumination with a particular wavelength. Light can be currently focused at the scale of tens of femtolitre in volume, thus allowing a formidable control of the nucleation and growth of mineral phases. The applications of this new technique would be almost universal. Therefore, we plan for this project: a) to demonstrate the limits of feasibility of the methodology and patent it; b) to optimize formulations for the specific cases of carbonate and phosphate precipitation/dissolution with obvious applications in bones and teeth repair and art preservation; c) to perform a market study to have a detailed evaluation of the value of the invention while exploring applications in the fields of polymorphic control, microgravity and fabrication of complex material at nanoscale, and d) to develop a plan for commercialization and promoting the technology.

Mots-clés : crystallization,dissolution,photoactivation,photoactive and photobasic generators,microscale,carbonate and phosphate photogenerators,light assisted crystallization
Projet ERC : CoMMaD (Horizon 2020, appel 2017, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Imperial College London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499390.0 €

The objective of the project is to develop a computational approach to accelerate the discovery of molecular materials. These materials will include porous molecules, small organic molecules and macromolecular polymers, which have application as a result of either their porosity or optoelectronic properties. The applications that will be targeted include in molecular separations, sensing, (photo)catalysis and photovoltaics. To achieve my aims, I will screen libraries of building blocks through a combination of techniques including evolutionary algorithms and machine learning. Through the application of cheminformatics algorithms, I will target the most promising libraries, assess synthetic diversity and accessibility and analyse structure-property relationships. I will develop software that will predict the (macro)molecular structures and properties; the molecular property screening calculations will include void characterisation, binding energies, diffusion barriers, local assembly, charge transport and energy level assessment. A consideration of synthetic accessibility at every stage will be central to my approach, which will ensure the realisation of our predicted targets. I have several synthetic collaborators who can provide pathways to synthetic realisation. Improved materials in this field have the potential to either reduce our energy needs or provide renewable energy, helping the EU meet the targets of the 2030 Energy Strategy.

Mots-clés : computational chemistry,materials discovery,molecular materials
Projet ERC : CHILE (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Augsburg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1992500.0 €

The objective of the project is to work out interactions between the national developments of insurance law in Europe, to explore the possibility of common historical roots of European insurance law, and to reassess the history of insurance law in Europe. The project does, thereby, aim at creating a historical basis for a European legal scholarship in the field of insurance law. Today’s state of research in the field of the history of insurance law is unsatisfactory: with the exception of maritime insurance, modern research focuses on national developments and the history of insurance law is told differently in the European countries. Even though modern research suggests that there have been interactions between the national developments these interactions often appear to be only footnotes to a mainly national development. For the first time, the project takes these points of interactions as a starting point for an in depth research into the history of insurance law in Europe. It is, to take an example involving England and Germany, known that English life and fire insurers where present on the German market since the late 18th century and that those who, in the beginning of the 19th century, were involved in founding the first commercial life and fire insurers in Germany had been working for English insurers. What needs to be explored is what impact this had on the practice and standard contract terms of German insurers. On the basis of the research into this and other points of interactions it will, for the first time, be possible to research into the doctrinal history of insurance law on a European level. The project will help to reassess the history of insurance law in Europe and it will create a historical basis for a European scholarship in the field of insurance law: the harmonization of European insurance contract law is on the agenda. Comparative historical research will help to understand the existing differences between the insurance laws in Europe.

Mots-clés : comparative legal history
Projet ERC : TransQ (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ETH Zurich
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

The objective of the proposed project is to create a versatile experimental and methodological platform for exploring transport mechanisms with quantum gases. Our approach will enable studying the dynamics of mass, heat and spin transport between linked reservoirs with a unique degree of control and flexibility, and promises to open up a route to discovering yet-unknown transport phenomena. Over the past two decades, ultracold atomic quantum gases have taken an increasingly lively role in the endeavour to understand quantum many-body systems, offering insights into a wide range of quantum phases and transitions between them. Recently, the approach has proven its potential to take us beyond the simulation of existing concepts and to provide a platform for probing the physics of quantum many-body systems in novel contexts. In particular, we have shown that measurements of directed transport through channels connecting atomic reservoirs not only emulate scenarios known form electronic transport in solid-state systems, but can test new experimental situations and give rise to new questions. We now propose to establish a general quantum-gas platform for exploring a wide range of configurations for transport measurements. Specifically, we will study the non-equilibrium dynamics in systems consisting of connected fermionic quantum-gas nodes, which serve as particle reservoirs of different size, shape and dimensionality that can be individually initialized and coupled to one another using configurable links. Time-dependent drive or controlled dissipation can be applied to the nodes and links. Using such networks, we will study transport between reservoirs of different nature, probe superfluid samples with controlled particle currents, characterize transport processes at the interface of different quantum phases, search for superfluidity in driven systems, prepare and detect Majorana fermions and develop functionality in complex structures.

Mots-clés : quantum gases,quantum optics,condensed matter physics theory
Projet ERC : BIOSUSAMIN (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering
Entité participante : University of Manchester — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 35430.0 €

The objective of this project is to design and develop biocatalytic cascades, using purified enzymes in vitro, as well as biosynthetic pathways in whole cell microbial organisms. These biocatalytic cascades and biosynthetic pathways will be developed for the synthesis of chiral and achiral amines that are of particular interest for the chemical industry. The amine functionality will be introduced using amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) as biocatalysts in the pivotal core enzymatic step. AmDHs are a new class of enzymes that have recently been obtained by protein engineering of wild-type amino acid dehydrogenases. However, only two AmDHs have been generated so far and, moreover, they show a limited substrate scope. Therefore protein engineering will be undertaken in order to expand the substrate scope of the already existing AmDHs. In addition, novel AmDHs will be generated starting from different wild-type amino acid dehydrogenases as scaffolds, whose amino acid and DNA sequences are available in databases, literature, libraries, etc. In particular, protein engineering will be focused on the specific chemical targets that are the objectives of the designed biocatalytic cascades and in addition, screening for more diverse substrates will also be carried out. Finally, the AmDHs will be used in combination with other enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenases, oxidases, alkane monooxygenases, etc., to deliver variously functionalised amines and derivatives as final products with elevated yields, perfect chemo- regio- and stereoselectivity, enhanced atom efficiency and minimum environmental impact. Such an approach will be realised through the design of new pathways that will convert inexpensive starting materials from renewable resources, encompassing the internal recycling of redox equivalents, the use of inorganic ammonia as nitrogen source and, if necessary, only molecular oxygen as the innocuous additional oxidant. Water will be the sole by-product.

Mots-clés : 1  biocatalysis and biotransformations  2  enzyme catalysis  3  biocatalytic cascades  4  artificial metabolic pathways
Projet ERC : SPICY (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Universität Innsbruck — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1183500.0 €

The objective of this project is to experimentally realize a 100-particle quantum simulator with complete quantum control at the single-particle level that will be used for investigating models of interacting spins in two dimensions. The experimental platform is a two-dimensional crystal of laser-cooled ions held in a radio-frequency trap. In this approach, the quantum state of a spin is encoded in two electronic levels of an ion. Effective spin-spin interactions are induced by laser fields coupling the ions’ electronic levels to excitations of the crystal lattice. Single-particle quantum control will be achieved by manipulating individual ions with a strongly focused steerable laser beam. Single-shot quantum measurements with near-unit detection efficiency will enable measurements of arbitrary spin correlation functions. The main goals of SPICY are: 1. Trapping and laser-cooling of two-dimensional ion crystals to millikelvin temperatures in a radio-frequency trap. 2. Realization of quantum spin models with particle numbers for which the simulation becomes intractable by numerical techniques. 3. Development of methods for validating quantum simulators 4. Investigation of various models with spin-frustration in two-dimensional geometries. SPICY builds on my experience with small-scale one-dimensional trapped-ion simulators. The exploration of two-dimensional lattice geometries will overcome difficulties in scaling up one-dimensional trapped-ion systems and enable the experimental investigation of the rich physics of two-dimensional spin models.

Mots-clés : trapped ions,quantum simulation,entanglement,laser ion interactions,quantum magnetism,laser cooling
Projet ERC : FADAMS (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer science and informatics
Entité participante : University of Zurich — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UZH
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1026886.71 €

The objective of this project is to investigate scalability questions arising with a new wave of smart relational data management systems that integrate analytics and query processing. These questions will be addressed by a fundamental shift from centralized processing on tabular data representation, as supported by traditional systems and analytics software packages, to distributed and approximate processing on factorized data representation. Factorized representations exploit algebraic properties of relational algebra and the structure of queries and analytics to achieve radically better data compression than generic compression schemes, while at the same time allowing processing in the compressed domain. They can effectively boost the performance of relational processing by avoiding redundant computation in the one-server setting, yet they can also be naturally exploited for approximate and distributed processing. Large relations can be approximated by their subsets and supersets, i.e., lower and upper bounds, that factorize much better than the relations themselves. Factorizing relations, which represent intermediate results shuffled between servers in distributed processing, can effectively reduce the communication cost and improve the latency of the system. The key deliverables will be novel algorithms that combine distribution, approximation, and factorization for computing mixed loads of queries and predictive and descriptive analytics on large-scale data. This research will result in fundamental theoretical contributions, such as complexity results for large-scale processing and tractable algorithms, and also in a scalable factorized data management system that will exploit these theoretical insights. We will collaborate with industrial partners, who are committed to assist in providing datasets and realistic workloads, infrastructure for large-scale distributed systems, and support for transferring the products of the research to industrial users.

Mots-clés : database theory,distributed query processing,approximate query processing,structural compression,in database analytics
Projet ERC : 3D-FABRIC (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Technical University of Darmstadt — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 0.0 €

The objective of this proposal is to determine the unknown criteria for convective cross-flow in bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels (bijels). Based on this, we will answer the question: Can continuously operated interfacial catalysis be realized in bijel cross-flow reactors? Demonstrating this potential will introduce a broadly applicable chemical technology, replacing wasteful chemical processes that require organic solvents. We will achieve our objective in three steps: (a) Control over bijel structure and properties. Bijels will be formed with a selection of functional inorganic colloidal particles. Nanoparticle surface modifications will be developed and extensively characterized. General principles for the parameters determining bijel structures and properties will be established based on confocal and electron microscopy characterization. These principles will enable unprecedented control over bijel formation and will allow for designing desired properties. (b) Convective flow in bijels. The mechanical strength of bijels will be tailored and measured. With mechanically robust bijels, the influence of size and organization of oil/water channels on convective mass transfer in bijels will be investigated. To this end, a bijel mass transfer apparatus fabricated by 3d-printing of bijel fibers and soft photolithography will be introduced. In conjunction with the following objective, the analysis of convective flows in bijels will facilitate a thorough description of their structure/function relationships. (c) Biphasic chemical reactions in STrIPS bijel cross-flow reactors. First, continuous extraction in bijels will be realized. Next, conditions to carry out continuously-operated, phase transfer catalysis of well-known model reactions in bijels will be determined. Both processes will be characterized in-situ and in 3-dimensions by confocal microscopy of fluorescent phase transfer reactions in transparent bijels.

Mots-clés : interfacial science