Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : ConLog (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : Ruhr University Bochum — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : RUB
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2059026.0 €

“The acceptance of contradictions must lead ... to the end of criticism, and thus to the collapse of science.” – Karl Popper, Conjectures and Refutations. In the 20th century, many systems of non-classical logic have been developed, including inconsistency-tolerant logics, which are typically all subsystems of classical logic. There are, however, logical systems that are radically different from classical logic insofar as they are non-trivial but contradictory. These logics are in glaring conflict with logical orthodoxy since Aristotle, who called the Principle of Non-Contradiction the firmest of all principles. Non-trivial contradictory logics, sometimes called “dialetheic logics,” not only permit inconsistencies in theories, but contain provable contradictions. Can that be reasonable? The Contradictory Logics project (ConLog) takes on the challenge of this rigorous break with the Aristotelian tradition by systematically investigating and developing non-ad hoc contradictory logics. In particular, ConLog studies non-trivial dialetheic systems of connexive logic that already validate certain contra-classical principles, such as the thesis saying that no proposition implies its own negation, and so-called “logics of logical bilattices.” ConLog develops a clear comprehension of the contradictoriness of non-trivial dialetheic logics and studies the consequences of this understanding within the philosophy of logic. Thereby, the project will yield a paradigm-shift in our conception of what a respectable logical system and an acceptable scientific theory is. It will show that, contrary to the above quote from Popper, the inconsistency of a logical system does not prevent rational belief and does not lead to the end of criticism and a collapse of science. It will achieve this ambitious goal by applying techniques from philosophical logic, such as the use of Chellas-Segerberg models, as well as methods from structural proof theory and experimental philosophy.

Mots-clés : philosophical logic,connexive logic,negation,msc2010  03b53 paraconsistent logics,msc2010  03b60 other nonclassical logic,msc2010  03f03 proof theory,general  including proof theoretic semantics
Projet ERC : LoC (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : University of Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UvA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1551000.5 €

“The human imagination remains one of the last uncharted territories of the mind” - Ruth Byrne, The Rational Imagination Our mind represents non-actual scenarios to extract information from them. We cannot experience beforehand which situations are or will be actual. So we explore them in our imagination, leaving our perceptions offline: ‘What would happen if...?’. The cognitive importance of this activity is hardly overestimated. But what is its *logic*? The orthodox logical treatment of representational mental states comes from modal logic’s possible worlds semantics: the modal analysis of knowledge, belief, information, was taken up by philosophy, linguistics, and Artificial Intelligence. However, the approach faces major problems. By systematically addressing them, the Logic of Conceivability (LoC) project will yield a paradigm shift in our understanding of the logic of human imagination. One major purely logical problem is that mainstream epistemic logics model cognitive agents as logically omniscient, thus as disconnected from the reality of human, fallible minds. One major philosophical problem concerns the entailment from conceivability to so-called absolute possibility in ‘thought experiments’ of theoretical philosophy: how does conceiving a scenario give evidence of its possibility? LoC will address such issues via the techniques of non-classical logics with non-normal worlds semantics. It will make logically precise the distinction, taken from cognitive science, between Fast Thinking (associative, context-sensitive) and Slow Thinking (rule-based, analytic). It will show how omniscience is avoided, and evidence of absolute possibility is achieved, in different manners in the Fast and Slow Way. Based at the Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, and advised by a Board of researchers from Europe, the US, and Australia, LoC will deliver high-impact outputs in top journals, a book, and knowledge dissemination results for non-specialists.

Mots-clés : non classical logics,paraconsistent logic,worlds semantics,non normal worlds,epistemic logic,intentionality,knowledge  and belief  representation,cognition,cognitive information processing
Projet ERC : rid-O (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Complexity
Entité participante : Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : LMU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1928912.0 €

“What would I remove if I had a magic wand? Overconfidence” Daniel Kahneman’s famous fairy-tale wish (The Guardian 18 Jul 15) conveyed a deeply seated pessimism in cognitive scientists that overconfidence is hardwired into human cognition. This bias is pervasive, costly and the root cause of many human failures. Previous failed attempts at reducing overconfidence targeted individual decisions. I propose to reduce this bias at social level of decision making by determining the underlying mental, neural and social processes involved in overconfidence and testing these models by causal interventions. I focus on 3 common forms of social decisions. 1.In honest communication of uncertainty (e.g. 2 doctors disagreeing over a diagnosis), overconfidence impairs joint decisions. Combining computational analysis of behavior and brain response, I develop a real-time feedback loop that allows each disagreeing agent to weight her opinion by an individually-tailored signature of her own uncertainty, freeing joint decisions from overconfidence. 2.Focusing on advising and consulting, I use a novel laboratory model (i.e. Advising Game) to develop a theoretical and empirical understanding of overconfidence in the presence of conflict of interest to understand the mental and neural processes underlying strategic manipulation of others. Plus, by connecting the social use of overconfidence to self-esteem and self-worth, I translate this research to a Mental Health application looking at social dysfunctions in Depression. 3.Overconfidence impairs group processes (e.g. a panel selecting among grants) by promoting herding (blindly following others) and polarization to extreme viewpoints. Inspired by a recent discovery from my lab, I develop a novel causal intervention that puts together seeking consensus within each group and aggregating consensus opinions across groups to remove herding and polarization. Collective decisions can be made better and rid-O could help this wish come true.

Mots-clés : collective decision making,confidence,overconfidence,social influence,uncertainty
Projet ERC : Mulosige (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Cultures and cultural production
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2482415.75 €

“World literature is literature that circulates globally. It is mostly in English. Its main genre is the novel.” These are caricatures of how World literature as a set of discourses is shaping the field of literary studies, but in fact Non-Western literatures are positioned with reference to a single global timeline and a single map, and translations supposedly ensure that worthy texts enter the global canon. What does not circulate globally is provincial, not good enough, not “world literature”. This picture bears little resemblance to the multilingual world of literature, which consists not of a single map but of many “significant geographies” specific to language, group, and genre. By exploring the often fractured “multilingual locals” and “significant geographies” of literature in north India, Morocco, and Ethiopia—each with different experiences of literary multilingualism, colonial diglossia, and continuing oral traditions—we seek to establish a multilingual and located approach to world literature in place of meta-categories like “global” and “world”. Mindful of older histories and networks of literary multilingualism and critical of the monolingual straitjacket of modern literary histories that partition Anglophone and Francophone literature from Arabic, Amharic, and Hindi/Urdu, we focus on three periods: imperial consolidation, decolonization, and the current globalizing moment. We will study local transculturations, local debates on world literature, old and new forms of multilingualism, actors and technologies of print and orality, to highlight dynamics of appropriation rather than imitation, co-constitution rather than diffusion, and the multiplicity of choices and trajectories that together form local and transnational literary fields (“world literature”). The project will propose a theoretical approach, methods for multilingual training and research, and strategic dialogues with scholars and writers in Morocco, Ethiopia, India, UK and France.

Mots-clés : world literature,multilingual,local,transnational,south asia,morocco,ethiopia
Projet ERC : CORESIDENCE (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université autonome de Barcelone — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1546875.0 €

Radical transformations in the family are occurring across the globe. Decades of demographic, economic and cultural change have brought about great changes in family life and households. The CORESIDENCE project investigates a crucial, although unanticipated, facet of these transformations: the global rise of intergenerational coresidence (IgC) among adult children and their parents. This shift is occurring in a variety of demographic, economic and cultural contexts and appears to run counter to expectations that intergenerational coresidence would gradually decline with modernization and cultural change. The primary objective of the CORESIDENCE project is to determine the dimensions of variations in and the rise of intergenerational coresidence around the world and investigate how these trends are related to demographic, social, economic, and cultural/attitudinal factors. To achieve this goal, I will (i) use recent big microdata, which describe family change for more than half a billion people representing more than 120 countries worldwide; (ii) harmonize existing longitudinal data to examine pathways to intergenerational coresidence in six countries representing different norms and forms of intergenerational coresidence (India, Japan, Mexico, Senegal, Spain and the Netherlands). This study will be the largest comparative study of the family and of family change ever undertaken. CORESIDENCE will test social theory by analyzing, for the first time, variation in family forms on several geographic scales and time spans to understand the background factors that drive these changes and theorize about the role of the family in the twenty-first century.

Mots-clés : intergenerational coresidence,family,demography,material constraints,socio cultural change,cross national studies
Projet ERC : CAPASIA (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Institut universitaire européen de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : EUI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2368600.0 €

In the present age of de-industrialisation of the West, the origins and evolution of global capitalism matters. CAPASIA locates the origins of modern industrial capitalism in the space of Asian ports in the Indian Ocean, where the Portuguese, as well as the Dutch, English, French, and other European East India companies operated in the early modern period (1500-1800). Well before the rise of 20th-century Special Economic Zones and world financial centres, the ports of maritime Asia (‘factories’) were areas of global trade and hubs of economic dynamism. Today ‘factories’ are places of industrial production, but they owe their name to these pre-modern Asian trading ports, European-controlled trade hubs headed by company servants called ‘factors’. Factories were places where commodities for intercontinental trade were assembled, stored and shipped. This project investigates the genesis, evolution, activities, and connections of over 150 small and large such factories as the foundation for a new spatial theory of capitalist development — complementing and challenging the current Atlantic plantation-based explanations proposed by the New History of Capitalism. CAPASIA’s integration of the large archival repositories of the different European East India companies and Asian archives will also be the basis for the ‘decolonization’ of the history of capitalism. Over its five-year duration, this project will ask: what kind of economic activities were carried out in these imperial trading centres? What were the interactive roles of European and local merchants? It will map the intercontinental movement of goods, people and information across an ‘archipelago’ of Asian ports. Working with collaborators from across the globe, CAPASIA’s overarching ambition is to recast the narrative of global economic change and capitalism by incorporating both Asian and European economic actors, and their interactions, in the space of the still unstudied factories of the Indian Ocean.

Mots-clés : history of capitalism factories early modern global history trade east india companies production
Projet ERC : HOMME (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université d'Oslo — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UiO
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2500000.0 €

Men are more likely than women to die prematurely, and a great deal of men’s excess mortality is preventable. Improving men’s health and cognition is not only critical for achieving gender equality, but also for enhancing and extending men’s potential to contribute to their families, the labour market and society as populations grow older. HOMME studies how men’s (changing) family and working lives influence their health and cognition. Men’s family and working lives are changing: Men now lag behind women with regards to tertiary education; female labour participation has increased while male labour participation has slightly decreased. Men are more apt to lose their job due to technological change. Male childlessness has risen dramatically, much more than female childlessness; in many Western countries, one out of four or almost one out of three men are now childless at age 40. Fathers are participating more in childcare, and men have partially lost their role as family “breadwinners”. So far, insufficient research has examined the consequences of these changes on men’s health and cognition. HOMME capitalizes on the richness of Norwegian population register, survey, and genetic data to examine how men’s (rapidly changing) family and working lives are related to their health and cognition across adulthood, as well as across cohorts, periods and between communities. We focus on young adulthood and midlife – the life period most characterized by family transitions and work experiences. We examine cohort and period differences, men’s work-face interface, the male breadwinner model and fathers’ participation in childcare, and disentangle selection and causality. Our data covers genes; parents, (former) spouses and partners; self-reported, clinical, and register measures of health; register data on work participation and occupation; and cognitive trajectories of N=12,000+ men between the late teens to ages 36 to 69 (and potentially beyond, pending funding of the project).

Mots-clés : demography,family,men
Projet ERC : PIANO (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Institut universitaire européen de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : EUI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2499865.0 €

This project revisits the centrality of trade agreements as a mechaniThis project revisits the centrality of trade agreements as a mechanism for international cooperation. Intervention in international trade and investment increasingly is motivated by noneconomic objectives – fighting climate change, national security, safeguarding societal values – complementing economic competitiveness objectives. Multilateral agreements to reduce associated competitiveness spillovers are constrained by geopolitical and geoeconomic rivalry, as are trade agreements that span the major powers. States have begun to pursue cooperation on a smaller group, plurilateral, basis. These differ from trade agreements by focusing on specific policy areas and potentially being open to many countries. Research has devoted little attention to understanding the operation, impacts, and political economy of plurilateral integration initiatives. The project aims to fill this gap through conceptual analysis of the incentives to cooperate on a plurilateral basis, building multi-country panel datasets documenting the use and purported goal of trade, investment, and industrial policies, and empirical analysis of the economic incentives for plurilateral cooperation on trade/investment and regulatory policies, assessing tradeoffs between noneconomic and economic objectives and the size and incidence of cross-border spillovers associated with policies favoring domestic industries or discriminating against foreign producers. In-depth case studies of domain-specific plurilateral initiatives will investigate effectiveness in attaining stated objectives and reducing spillover costs of national policy instruments. These analyses are complemented by survey-based research to investigate the preferences of key actors and stakeholders for issue-specific plurilateral agreements as opposed to trade agreements. A synthesis monograph will distil the implications of resulting findings for the multilateral trade regime.

Mots-clés : minilateral cooperation international regulatory cooperation international trade plurilateral agreement
Projet ERC : NORN (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université d'Oslo — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UiO
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2126607.0 €

NORN seeks to uncover both the affective and ideological dynamics of romantic nationalism, examining how collective emotions related to the idea of the nation were harnessed, activated, and constructed through literature and theater, using Norway as a case study. NORN forges a highly innovative approach combining cultural studies, affect theory, critical race studies, and reception studies with qualitative methods taken from literary studies and history as well as quantitative methods from the digital humanities in order to achieve three interconnected objectives: 1) a comprehensive modeling of nineteenth-century Norwegian literature using machine learning, 2) a meta-critical re-assessment of literary historiography as an explicitly romantic nationalist project, and 3) a radical re-evaluation of the impact of transnational romantic performance culture on nation-building. NORN approaches romantic nationalism from two distinctive perspectives: on the one hand the project seeks to understand the affective register of romantic nationalism qualitatively, which entails meticulous investigation of a wide range of sources through an innovative combination of theoretical lenses in order to recontextualize it as what Raymond Williams famously called a “structure of feeling.” On the other hand, NORN profoundly decontextualizes the literary works themselves through so-called “distant reading” methods, carrying out an ambitious computational modeling of the entire nineteenth-century literary field; this will enable an interrogation of prevailing master narratives about periodization and processes of inclusion/exclusion, delineating romantic nationalism based on far more transparent criteria than those that underpin traditional literary historiographical methods.
Projet ERC : UNRULY (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université d'Oslo — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UiO
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2496601.0 €

Energy is foundational to climate change adaptation and mitigation goals, but the present moment requires more than clean power plants. Energy frontiers are entangled in uncertain geopolitics, injustices, environmental change, and development efforts, raising the stakes for research on sociomaterial change. UNRULY aims to create a paradigm-shifting, new analytical framework of change, one that transcends disciplinary conceptual boundaries to hold the social and the material together theoretically and methodologically. Grounded in justice issues, the project has four objectives: innovate a new theory of sociomaterial change through ‘unruliness’; create new research methods to analyse sociomaterial change; advance empirical research on energy frontiers; and reframe what requires governing in unruly contexts. UNRULY creates a novel theoretical basis for understanding how power materialises through uncertainties, knowledges, uneven social relations, (colonialism, racism, class, patriarchy) and governance challenges. Methodologically, the project is carefully designed to build towards the higher-risk, high-gain dimensions. The work will contribute fresh insights on hydropower energy frontiers in two case studies (Nepal and Zambia) and develop new methods capable of analysing variables and processes defined as inherently sociomaterial. The results aim to tease out an analytical basis for democratic debate on the tension between efforts at prediction and governing change, and uncertainty and unruliness which can derail those efforts. The PI will lead an international, cross-disciplinary research team, comprised of two postdoctoral fellows, two PhD candidates, three research affiliates, and an advisory board of international academic leaders, boldly challenging existing research conventions on sociomaterial change and reimagining novel approaches to our shared planetary crisis.

Mots-clés : energy,power,sociomaterial change,political ecology,plural research designs,methodological innovation,environmental governance