Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : REVIVE (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université Southern Cross — Pays : Australie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 423805.0 €

This research investigates how individual transformations in response to a changing climate alter perceptions of habitability in at risk places. By evaluating how individuals react to and understand these changes, this work provides concrete entry points for engaging climate-affected and low-income populations in climate change action. Further, by engaging with the idea of transformation, the project rejects narratives that accept the current socio-economic conditions as necessarily extending into the future. Rather, it focuses on the emotional labour and psychological burden of living with climate risk and interrogates how non-material losses (particularly fear, grief and disempowerment) can be leveraged to reduce current and future vulnerability. The project engages Campbell et al’s (2018) concept of bleak optimism – the agency we acquire when we start learning to accept and live with climate change - to advance understanding of individual transformation in the context of climate change and to identify ways to address emotional and psychological barriers to habitability. Drawing on Freirean praxis to understand how people can shift their perspectives, and drawing on Massey’s theories of a progressive sense of place to find entry points for engagement, the project advances a framework to enact bleak optimism. Employing qualitative methodologies, including arts-based practices, community mapping and ethnography, the project takes an international comparative approach, working with low-income and politically marginalised groups in three locations. Cases are identified where government actors are undertaking transformational adaptation in response to floods (Durban, South Africa and Lismore, Australia), and costal erosion (Happisburgh, UK). The project advances adaptation theory by developing the role of place in individual transformation; and shifting narratives around climate-induced place change to present emancipatory, rather than foreclosed, futures.

Mots-clés : transformational adaptation,praxis,non material loss and damage
Projet ERC : CURIAFIDES (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : Université Charles-III de Madrid — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1994875.0 €

The functioning of the European Union (EU) legal system is ensured through an intricate interdependent and non-hierarchical judicial system, where judges at the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and national courts must rely on the willing cooperation with each other to enforce decisions on EU law matters. Scholars have pointed to the relevance of legal, historical, sociological and political factors in explaining why courts cooperate within the EU judicial system. However, recent scholarly and policy debates underline the relevance of trust-enhancing solutions in addressing some of the current challenges facing the EU legal system: specifically that of judicial defiance of national courts to the authority of the CJEU. These concerns have been aggravated in the context of democratic and rule of law backsliding in Hungary and Poland, which have raised serious doubts about the correct application of EU law within a network of thousands of national courts. Despite this incipient interest, we still lack adequate theorising about the truly sociological and relational nature of this phenomenon, which is crucial for the development of a more fine-grained account of inter-judicial relations and for answering: what is trust between judges? Which factors make judges trust other judges? What are the implications of judicial trust for cooperation in multi-level systems? The CURIAFIDES project is an interdisciplinary and ground-breaking research project, aiming at investigating the relevance of trust between judges for the cooperation and, subsequently, the legal integration of the EU. The project will articulate a novel socio-legal theory of judicial trust within the EU, which will be based on strong empirical evidence collected from experiments, surveys, and interviews with CJEU and national judges. The purpose of which being is to define and explain judicial trust and its impact on judicial cooperation, which ties into a broader aim of offering new policy and legal solutions.

Mots-clés : judicial trust trust between judges courts judicial cooperation european union eu legal system court of justice of the european union cjeu national judges courts empirical methods
Projet ERC : DANAE (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 225000.0 €

In Particle Physics the research on neutrinos is continuously producing new results and further discoveries might just be around the corner. They could provide answers to crucial questions on how matter was created in the Universe or reveal the existence of new types of fundamental interactions between elementary particles. Possibly even more intriguing is the search for Dark Matter, an unknown form of matter that, according to astrophysical observations, outweighs the ordinary matter in our Universe by more than 5 times. Dark Matter particles have been searched for since 30 years, and invariably eluded discovery. DANAE intends to enable unprecedented sensitivities in the study low energy neutrinos and in the search for Dark Matter, by measuring the tiny nuclear recoils that these particles induce in their passage through matter. The goal is to create a pilot experiment by introducing for the first time monolithic, and at the same time highly segmented, arrays of thousands multiplexed superconducting detectors. If successful, precision measurements of a recently discovered process, the coherent and elastic neutrino scattering off nuclei, could be made. In the Dark Matter field new hypothesized particles could be sensed, lighter than those searched and never found so far.

Mots-clés : neutrinos,dark matter,cryogenic detectors,kinetic inductance detectors
Projet ERC : FUNBOOTS (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental Constituents of Matter
Entité participante : Centre national de la recherche scientifique — Pays : France — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CNRS
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1950625.0 €

Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) have a wide range of experimental and theoretical applications: describing classical and quantum critical phenomena, where they determine critical exponents; as low (or high) energy limits of ordinary quantum field theories; and as theories of quantum gravity in disguise via the AdS/CFT correspondence. Unfortunately, most interesting CFTs are strongly interacting and difficult to analyse. On the one hand, perturbative and renormalization group methods usually involve approximations that are hard to control and which require difficult resummations. On the other hand, numerical simulations of the underlying systems are difficult near the critical point and can access only a limited set of observables. The conformal bootstrap program is a new approach. It exploits basic consistency conditions which are encoded into a formidable set of bootstrap equations, to map out and determine the space of CFTs. A longstanding conjecture states that these equations actually provide a fully non-perturbative definition of CFTs. In this project we will develop a groundbreaking set of tools ? analytic extremal functionals ? to extract information from the bootstrap equations. This Functional Bootstrap has the potential to greatly deepen our understanding of CFTs as well as to determine incredibly precise bounds on the space of theories. Our main goals are A) to fully develop the functional bootstrap for the simpler and mostly unexplored one- dimensional setting, relevant for critical systems such as spin models with long-range interactions and line defects in conformal gauge theories, leading to analytic insights and effective numerical solutions of these systems; and B) to establish functionals as the default technique for higher dimensional applications by developing the formalism, obtaining general analytic bounds and integrating into existing numerical workflows to obtain highly accurate determinations of critical exponents

Mots-clés : conformal field theory,conformal bootstrap
Projet ERC : UniCorn (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université de Cambridge — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1885370.0 €

The objective of this project is to develop the mathematical theory of critical phenomena. In spite of recent breakthroughs, second-order phase transitions have remained largely elusive in dimensions 3 and higher and represent a formidable challenge. The project will make headway on this and related fundamental problems, especially in the hard intermediate dimensions.  The expected outcomes of this proposal will provide prime rigorous results that determine the scaling behaviour of certain non-planar percolation models near their critical point. Its findings are meant to put a heuristic scaling theory originating from physics on firm mathematical foundations. This theory is at the heart of modern computational methods and goes back to foundational (Nobel-prize winning) work on renormalisation. Universality is the guiding principle by which the behaviour of many physical systems ought to be largely independent of the specifics of the model considered and instead only depend on a few key parameters. The project is designed as a full-fledged study of several judiciously chosen models with long-range (LR) correlations, which my recent works have identified as ideal candidates for a rigorous investigation. These benefit from a rich mathematical structure stemming from the interplay between percolation and random walks, which can be forcefully exploited.  Building on my recent results, I plan to tackle a series of questions, in order to: (1) identify and describe their off-critical phases; (2) prove the existence of critical exponents exhibiting (hyper-)scaling; (3) investigate scaling limits of critical clusters and study their fractal geometry.  The outcomes of steps (1)-(3) will give rise to a rigorous (near-)critical scaling theory for the continuous phase transition associated to these LR-models, and identify their universality classes. In so doing the project will also tackle several related problems in disordered systems and random media.

Mots-clés : critical phenomena,phase transitions,random walks,percolation
Projet ERC : HUMANCONSCIOUSNESS (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : Université d'Amsterdam — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UvA
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999562.5 €

Consciousness is subjective experience, the ‘what it is likeness’, for example to perceive a certain scene or to feel joy. In the last three decades tremendous progress has been made in identifying the neural correlates of consciousness at the level of whole brain regions. Meanwhile, outside the field of consciousness, rapid progress has been made in understanding neural, biochemical and psychological factors that have to be accounted for to further understand human consciousness. Most importantly, we know much more about the neurotransmitter systems underlying basic sensory processes in animals (e.g. neurobiology), the mechanisms responsible for fluctuations in wakefulness and arousal (e.g. anesthetics/neurobiology), and how perception is constructed by the brain’s predictions about regularities in the world (e.g. neuroscience/psychology). This research has, however, been performed in relative isolation from studies of human consciousness and clear opportunities to link these different fields remain largely unexplored. Here I will establish this crucial link by combining state-of-the-art neuroimaging techniques with pharmacological interventions and computational modelling in humans performing novel experimental tasks gauging subjective perceptual experience. My project has 3 main aims. I will first test the hypothesis that excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters play central, albeit different roles in recurrent neural processes, crucial for conscious experience. Second, I will test how subjective experience is shaped by spontaneous fluctuations in arousal and levels of physical activity. Third, I will test how conscious experience is modulated by the interplay between predictions and sensory input. This research promises to provide an integrative framework for understanding the neural and biochemical mechanisms of consciousness, and will reveal how it is shaped and determined by being a human agent that interacts with, acts in, and predicts its environment.

Mots-clés : consciousness,perception,awareness,prediction
Projet ERC : PRA (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Human Mobility, Environment, and Space
Entité participante : Université Bocconi — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1880430.0 €

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many European countries to spend money that they do not have. This is creating unprecedented levels of debt and will inevitably lead to pressure for retrenchment in social welfare, with pensions seen as a key target. While some nations will seek to protect pensions, others will not. How will these pension reforms impact on healthy ageing? Will such reforms pension save money or perversely pass costs onto healthcare and other welfare systems? We propose an ambitious research programme to inform these critical questions. Our proposed research combines analysis of the Surveys on Health, Retirement and Ageing in Europe (SHARE) in 19 EU countries with specific quasi-natural experiment studies of pension reforms increasing pensionable ages (UK 1995 Pension Act and Italy 2011 Fornero Reform) and reducing pension payments (Netherlands 2013 Pension Reductions and Greece Katrougas Law 2016). Additionally the project will create innovative administrative-record linkages in Italian pension and health system data to quantify occupation-specific mortalities and unequal survival times. Overall, it builds on the PI’s strong track-record in evaluating health impacts of austerity and natural experiment research designs. The anticipated findings will test critical ideas about a ‘health-promoting pension system’ and about which occupational groups may merit additional compensation due to lower survival times. It will help inform critical policy debates by revealing the hidden and unanticipated health consequences of pension reforms and associated inequalities.

Mots-clés : pension,austerity,ageing,mental health
Projet ERC : WomatWork (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Study of the Human Past
Entité participante : Université de Bologne — Pays : Italie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 369066.25 €

WomAtWork represents the first comparative investigation into the history of female urban popular professions in three African countries – Ghana/Gold Coast, Sudan, and Tanganyika/Tanzania – over the course of fifty years (1919-1970). Not only is this topic under-studied in African history, but these professions (i.e. midwives, beauticians, wedding singers, market vendors, craftswomen) are also characterised by fascinating and unsettling aspects. For example, notions such as a set price for a service and fixed working times or workplace did not apply to many of them. WomAtWork aims first to discover the peculiarities of these labour patterns and see their historical transformations as a result of political changes and the introduction of new technologies and commodities. Secondly, it examines professional subjectivities, the work ethos, norms and values of women at work. Finally, it questions the relationship between these professionals and their communities – including in the light of the social stigma sometimes attached to them – as well as the nexus between these labourers and protest, charting when and why they laid down their tools. Based on an innovative methodology, this project seeks to overcome the invisibility of women in official archives by weaving together different threads of sources. It begins inside those photographic archives connected with institutions that had conscious agendas of representation and routines of intense textual production (for example, missionary stations). In some cases, these visual and textual sources lead to networks or families of women professionals, whose oral history will be solicited. Third, the project aims to analyse the vernacular press combined with oral accounts.  Through these objectives and methodologies, WomAtWork will be a participant in the mission of writing a more democratic, more inclusive history, one that firmly establish the centrality of women’s labour in African his

Mots-clés : history of women in africa socio history of professional categories history of the popular classes ghana sudan tanzania gender studies photographic history oral history history of the vernacular press
Projet ERC : DecipherHSV (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Immunity, Infection and I mmunotherapy
Entité participante : Hannover Medical School — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : MHH
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1421349.82 €

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is an important human pathogen which infects the majority of the world`s population and inflicts a substantial burden of disease. Over the past 10 years, systems biology approaches, to which my lab has provided seminal contributions, have substantially broadened our understanding of the complex interaction of this common pathogen with its human host. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood and their importance for virus latency and reactivation remain elusive. Furthermore, currently available technology lacks the temporospatial resolution to decipher the cellular and viral determinants that govern the virus life cycle. The main goal of DecipherHSV is to close these knowledge and technology gaps and decipher novel mechanisms and their functional interplay by which HSV-1 manipulates its host cells throughout the virus life cycle. Accordingly, the three primary objectives of DecipherHSV are to: (i) decipher the full complement of viral elements that govern productive infection; (ii) decipher how and why HSV-1 manipulates pervasive transcription within the host and viral genome; and (iii) decipher the cellular and viral determinants of HSV-1 latency and reactivation. Alongside, I will develop new computational approaches and integrative analysis tools, and employ artificial intelligence to exploit the wealth of information that is provided by the novel single cell RNA sequencing approaches, which I will pioneer (Heterogeneity-seq and Perturb-scSLAM-seq). Thereby, I will deliver new leads for novel therapeutic approaches targeting HSV-1 latency and reactivation. This will provide a paradigm for the study of other herpesviruses and their complex host-pathogen interactions.

Mots-clés : herpes simplex virus 1 latency reactivation viral elements pervasive transcription systems biology single cell rna seq
Projet ERC : HUMANET (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : London School of Economics and Political Science — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : LSE
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1999974.0 €

Bridging sociology, social psychology, human-computer interaction, and web science, HUMANET combines experimental and computational research methods to study a pressing new social challenge: the ever-increasing interdependence between humans and autonomous machines such as robots, bots, and algorithms. Starting from the idea that humans and machines form a complex adaptive social system, HUMANET investigates how human-machine, machine-machine, and human-human interactions influence and affect each other and how they add up to different collective outcomes. Conceptually, we distinguish between three levels of analysis: interactions, networks, and communities, and study direct, indirect, and strategic influence, network composition and structure, and techno-organizational constraints and sociocultural context. In terms of methodology, we combine controlled virtual lab experiments, agent-based models, digital-trace data, online field interventions, and heterogeneity and case comparison to conduct and integrate comprehensive analyses at the three levels. Empirically, we focus on the problem of social influence and contagion and provide causal and observational evidence from a range of online human-bot communities, including an online collaboration community, a discussion site, and a crowdfunding platform. HUMANET aims to expand our empirical knowledge of existing human-machine social systems, generate testable theories about human-machine interactions and networks, advance methods for modelling and conducting experiments with artificial agents, and bring public attention to the increasing algorithmization of our daily lives. Its ultimate goal is to build the foundations of a new cumulative empirical sociology of humans and machines. A better understanding of human-machine social systems is becoming crucial for reducing misinformation, preventing financial crashes, improving road safety, adapting to labor market disruptions, and more.

Mots-clés : computational social science,analytical sociology,network experiments,agent based modeling,online communities,bots,social contagion