Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : ELECTROCAT (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology — Pays : Suisse — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : ETH Zurich
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149959.0 €

Renewable energies such as solar and wind are intermittent and require efficient storage methods. One of the most promising methods for renewable energy storage is water splitting, which converts these energies into hydrogen fuel. Solar or wind-driven water splitting can be done using electrolyzers, and alkaline electrolyzers are potentially scalable because they do not use precious metal catalysts. However, current alkaline electrolyzers employ catalysts that have low efficiencies and are prone to corrosion. This project aims to apply several novel classes of water splitting catalysts developed in our ERC Starting Grant project in alkaline electrolyzers. The catalysts are inexpensive and have higher energy efficiencies than those employed in commercial alkaline electrolyzers. They are potentially more stable as well. The goal of the project is to provide technology demonstrators for the use of these catalysts in alkaline electrolyzers, which is expected to result in higher efficiencies and stability at a similar cost.

Mots-clés : energy storage,electrolyzers,catalysts,water splitting,hydrogen evolution,oxygen evolution
Projet ERC : LC-SOLAR (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : Technion – Israel Institute of Technology — Pays : Israël — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

Replacing fossil-fuels with solar energy in electric power generation is one of the most important challenges to humanity. From an economic point of view, the important parameter is the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), or Levelized Energy Cost (LEC), which is the net present value of the unit-cost of electricity over the lifetime of an energy generating asset. The minimally expected LCOE for any solar energy system in 2030 is 0.045 [€/kWh], similar to today's Photovoltaics (PV) LCOE, and at the same level as fossil-fuels. In this proposal, we aim to demonstrate a Proof of Concept [PoC] for a low-cost CPV operating at LCOE of 0.025 [€/kWh] (50% reduction of PVs today). The proposal is a direct continuation of our ERC project on new thermodynamic ideas for solar cells, where we demonstrated that; In contrast to thermal emission, photoluminescence (PL) rate is conserved when the temperature increases, while each photon is blue-shifted (photon-energy increased). We also demonstrated how such Thermally Enhanced-PL (TEPL) generates more energetic photons, by orders of magnitude, than thermal emission at similar temperatures. These findings show that PL is an ideal optical heat pump, and can harvest thermal losses in photovoltaics with a theoretical maximal efficiency of 70%, and a practical device/solution that can reach 48% efficiency. In our preliminary unpublished work, we demonstrate 42% TEPL efficiency compared to an ideal-PV. The challenge in this PoC is to demonstrate photon recycling, photon management, and thermal management, where the maximum of the PL is converted to electricity in an operating PV. We also performed a detailed breakdown of the costs related to TEPL based device. Based on our cost analysis, achieving 32% total conversion efficiency without a cooling system supports LCOE of 0.025 [€/kWh], which will significantly accelerate the usage of renewable energy.

Mots-clés : solar energy,photoluminescence,photovoltaics,thermodynamics of radiation
Projet ERC : NEWORLDatA (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : Corvinus University of Budapest — Pays : Hongrie — Rôle : Partner
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 93562.5 €

Research data are vital components of any scientific enterprise and the introduction of more inclusive world data exchange practices is a decisive factor, locally and globally, in strengthening capacity for research and innovation and tackling societal challenges. Yet we now comparatively little about what international negotiations have paved the way to the current global system of research data circulation and exchange. NEWORLD@A aims to provide the first comprehensive survey about the sets of science diplomacy exercises that have contributed to shape the current world data exchange system. This study will pioneer transnational research collaborations in order to successfully reconstruct these key historical transitions, also enmeshing non-Western narratives in the study of research data negotiations. Through an original combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study will first map existing networking patterns of data circulation and reveal existing imbalances in the world distribution of research data centres. It will then chart the international legal infrastructure that supports this distribution. It will also identify the historical determinants for the shape of world data exchange networks through an investigation of relevant archival documents across the world discussing the relevant negotiations and decision-making processes. They study will focus in particular on interactions between: non-governmental and governmental transnational organizations such as those under the aegis of ICSU and UNESCO; Western and Eastern blocs in the context of the Cold War science race; and Global North and South nations in the uses of research data for development purposes. Shedding new light on how these interactions have shaped the current research data circulation system will finally provide the analysis needed to inform current policy provisions on how to make these systems more inclusive and responsive to global challenges.

Mots-clés : data,globalisation,science diplomacy,transnational,history of science,global history,cold war,international data management,non governmental,inter governmental,global north,global south,scientometrics
Projet ERC : NEWORLDatA (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : University of Manchester — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1543852.25 €

Research data are vital components of any scientific enterprise and the introduction of more inclusive world data exchange practices is a decisive factor, locally and globally, in strengthening capacity for research and innovation and tackling societal challenges. Yet we now comparatively little about what international negotiations have paved the way to the current global system of research data circulation and exchange. NEWORLD@A aims to provide the first comprehensive survey about the sets of science diplomacy exercises that have contributed to shape the current world data exchange system. This study will pioneer transnational research collaborations in order to successfully reconstruct these key historical transitions, also enmeshing non-Western narratives in the study of research data negotiations. Through an original combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study will first map existing networking patterns of data circulation and reveal existing imbalances in the world distribution of research data centres. It will then chart the international legal infrastructure that supports this distribution. It will also identify the historical determinants for the shape of world data exchange networks through an investigation of relevant archival documents across the world discussing the relevant negotiations and decision-making processes. They study will focus in particular on interactions between: non-governmental and governmental transnational organizations such as those under the aegis of ICSU and UNESCO; Western and Eastern blocs in the context of the Cold War science race; and Global North and South nations in the uses of research data for development purposes. Shedding new light on how these interactions have shaped the current research data circulation system will finally provide the analysis needed to inform current policy provisions on how to make these systems more inclusive and responsive to global challenges.

Mots-clés : data,globalisation,science diplomacy,transnational,history of science,global history,cold war,international data management,non governmental,inter governmental,global north,global south,scientometrics
Projet ERC : NEWORLDatA (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The study of the human past
Entité participante : Methodist University of São Paulo — Pays : Brésil — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : UMESP
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 121300.0 €

Research data are vital components of any scientific enterprise and the introduction of more inclusive world data exchange practices is a decisive factor, locally and globally, in strengthening capacity for research and innovation and tackling societal challenges. Yet we now comparatively little about what international negotiations have paved the way to the current global system of research data circulation and exchange. NEWORLD@A aims to provide the first comprehensive survey about the sets of science diplomacy exercises that have contributed to shape the current world data exchange system. This study will pioneer transnational research collaborations in order to successfully reconstruct these key historical transitions, also enmeshing non-Western narratives in the study of research data negotiations. Through an original combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study will first map existing networking patterns of data circulation and reveal existing imbalances in the world distribution of research data centres. It will then chart the international legal infrastructure that supports this distribution. It will also identify the historical determinants for the shape of world data exchange networks through an investigation of relevant archival documents across the world discussing the relevant negotiations and decision-making processes. They study will focus in particular on interactions between: non-governmental and governmental transnational organizations such as those under the aegis of ICSU and UNESCO; Western and Eastern blocs in the context of the Cold War science race; and Global North and South nations in the uses of research data for development purposes. Shedding new light on how these interactions have shaped the current research data circulation system will finally provide the analysis needed to inform current policy provisions on how to make these systems more inclusive and responsive to global challenges.

Mots-clés : data,globalisation,science diplomacy,transnational,history of science,global history,cold war,international data management,non governmental,inter governmental,global north,global south,scientometrics
Projet ERC : PlantSenseKit (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Trinity College Dublin — Pays : Irlande — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TCD
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 148619.0 €

Research in plant biology & crop breeding conducted in controlled environment chambers (CECs) require that observed differences in measured plant traits between or within CECs are attributable to the imposed experimental treatment or breeding protocol rather than to heterogeneity and/or poor accuracy in the monitoring of different chamber environmental conditions. To date, no commercial product has been developed which tests standardization of environmental conditions within and between CECs of the same manufacturer or between different manufacturers. The cost per chamber of deploying a full artificial sensor network to test for homogeneity of CEC conditions would be thousands of euros per CEC; a prohibitive cost for users and manufacturers alike. This Proof of Concept grant will develop and commercialize the first plant-based sensor kit for standardization and calibration of CECs used in plant research, commercial horticulture and by the international plant breeding sector (BAYER Crop Science, MONSANTO etc.) at one tenth of the cost of an artificial sensor network and with equal or better environmental sensing capacity. Commercialization of PlantSenseKit will be via a license agreement to a commercial partner and involve comprehensive market research, competitor analysis, and further technological refinement of the PlantSenseKit protocol, prototype testing & development of a business plan. This Proof of Concept grant will have a positive impact on society and economic activities by improving the performance of infrastructure used in food security and climate change research and by providing new jobs for Ireland via commercialization of PlantSenseKit.

Mots-clés : biosensor,plant science,chamber effects,plant growth chamber,stability test chamber,climate change,food security,indoor environment sector,seed companies,crop breeding sector
Projet ERC : MyNano (Horizon 2020, appel 2014, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Centro de Investigacion Principe Felipe — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : CIPF
Type d'entité : Recherche
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1724168.97 €

Research on anticancer therapies has provided little progress towards improved survival rates for patients with metastatic disease. The intrinsic advantages of polymer conjugates can be optimised to rationally design targeted combination therapies, concept I pioneered that allows enhanced therapeutic efficiency. Early clinical trials involving conjugates showed activity in chemotherapy refractory patients and reduced drug-related toxicity. However, there is a growing concern on patient variability regarding tumor patho-physiology that underlie successful therapeutic outcome. Specific biomarkers are required to select those patients most likely to show good clinical response to these therapies. The objective of MyNano is to engineer polymer-based combination therapies designed to treat metastatic breast cancer in a patient personalised manner. Therefore, novel multicomponent polymer conjugates with precise control over size, shape, solution conformation, multifunctionality and bioresponsiveness will be obtained while in parallel their structure activity relationships to underlying proposed mechanisms of action in clinically relevant models will be studied. Polyglutamates obtained by controlled polymerisation and self-assembly strategies will be the carriers. Primary breast cancer patient tissue will be used to generate cell and in vivo models representing different clinical molecular subtypes. MyNano will also investigate new combination strategies using current treatments together with inhibitors of tumor-derived exosome release pathways, phenomenon related to metastasis and resistance mechanisms. The aim is to provide a novel methodological approach that would allow by reiterative design to optimise the design of the next generation nanoconjugates for the treatment of specific metastatic cancer clinical subtypes. MyNano will be a breakthrough as it introduces a paradigm shift in the strategy to design nanomedicines in areas of unmet clinical need.

Mots-clés : polymer therapeutics,nanomedicine,targeted drug delivery,structure activity relationships
Projet ERC : DEMETINL (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing
Entité participante : TU Dresden — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TUD
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1953250.0 €

Resolution of acute inflammation, involving limiting further leukocyte recruitment, apoptosis and clearance of inflammatory cells via macrophages as well as egress of the inflammatory cells, is operative in acute inflammation but dysfunctional in chronic inflammatory disease. In the latter scenario, the retention and activation of leukocytes in the inflamed tissue linked with failure to resolve inflammation contributes to perpetuation of organ damage and loss of homeostasis. Interestingly, persistent inflammation in insulintarget organs, such as the adipose tissue and the liver in the context of obesity significantly contributes to development of insulin resistance (IR), diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). So far, investigations have mainly addressed obesity-related inflammatory mechanisms in the AT and rather less in other metabolic organs, e.g. the liver. Therefore, the aims of this proposal are: (i) To characterize in the context of obesity-related metabolic disease novel processes mediating inflammatory cell retention, especially in the liver. In this context, we will also address the novel hypothesis that adhesive interactions of inflammatory cells (with e.g. parenchymal cells) in the metabolically challenged environment of obese organs may activate them via alterations in their cellular metabolism, thereby contributing to perpetuation of inflammation. (ii) To understand resolution of inflammation including inflammatory cell egress from metabolic organs, especially from the liver in metabolic-inflammatory disease. To this end, we will also utilize models of acute inflammation, which is capable to resolve, in order to understand resolution principles and apply them to non-resolving metabolic-inflammatory disease. In this regard, we will also assess the therapeutic potential of novel inflammation-modulating factors identified by our lab.

Mots-clés : inflammation,leukocyte adhesion,obesity
Projet ERC : AccelOnChip (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Fundamental constituents of matter
Entité participante : University of Erlangen-Nuremberg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : FAU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2498507.5 €

Resting on our demonstration of laser-driven nanophotonics-based particle acceleration, we propose to build a miniature particle accelerator on a photonic chip, comprising high gradient acceleration and fully optical field-based electron control. The resulting electron beam has outstanding space-time properties: It is bunched on sub-femtosecond timescales, is nanometres wide and coherent. We aim at utilizing this new form of all-optical free electron control in a broad research program with five exciting objectives: (1) Build a 5 MeV accelerator on a photonic chip in a shoebox-sized vessel, (2) Perform ultrafast diffraction with attosecond and even zeptosecond electron pulses, (3) Generate photons on chip at various wavelengths (IR to x-ray), (4) Couple quantum-coherently electron wavepackets and light in multiple interaction zones, and (5) Conduct radiobiological experiments, akin to the new FLASH radiotherapy and Microbeam cell treat-ment. AccelOnChip will enable five science objectives potentially shifting the horizons of today’s knowledge and capabilities around ultrafast electron imaging, photon generation, (quantum) electron-light coupling, and radiotherapy dramatically. Moreover, AccelOnChip promises to democratize accelerators: the accelerator on a chip will be based on inexpensive nanofabrication technology. We foresee that every university lab can have access to particle and light sources, today only accessible at large facilities. Last, AccelOnChip will take decisive steps towards an ultracompact electron beam radiation device to be put into the tip of a catheter, a potentially disruptive radiation therapy device facilitating new treatment forms. AccelOnChip is a cross-disciplinary high risk/high return project combining and benefiting nanophotonics, accelerator science, ultra-fast physics, materials science, coherent light-matter coupling, light generation, and radiology - and is based on my group’s unique expertise acquired in recent years.

Mots-clés : nanophotonics based particle acceleration,dielectric laser acceleration,accelerator on a chip,attosecond electron pulses,coherent free electron light interaction,photon generation
Projet ERC : TransposonsReprogram (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Life Science
Panel : Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : Partner
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 499918.0 €

Retrotransposons (RTNs) are ancient viruses that have stably integrated themselves into mammalian genomes and they now occupy around half of the human or mouse genome. These mobile genetic elements that have coevolved with us drive evolution by creating new genes and plasticity of genomes. Exciting data including ours has shown that even RTNs that are no longer active retain enhancer, promoter or repressor sequences that regulate developmental genes, through largely uncharacterized transcription factors. We have employed CRISPR/Cas9 gene disruption to determine that Zfp37 and Zfp819 bind to and regulate RTNs in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Identification of these zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) now allows us to ask new questions about how RTNs have been co-opted to orchestrate gene circuits in vitro and in vivo. Both these factors have already been implicated to play a role in reprogramming or genome integrity. We hypothesize that RTNs have been co-opted to remodel the genome by acting as structural platforms that recruit transcription factors like Zfp37 and Zfp819. We will test this hypothesis assessing the role of RTNs and these two ZFPs in three dynamic contexts where the genome is remodelled. These are in ESC differentiation to neurons, in reprogramming and in early mouse development, three scenarios where RTNs have been documented to become expressed and serve an unknown function. This work will exploit mouse development to unravel the mechanism of how RTNs remodel the genome. It will help us to understand how ZFPs can be engaged to reprogram cells and in stem-cell therapies, and will explain more broadly how RTNs, which dominate our genomes, control cell fate.

Mots-clés : retrotransposons,gene regulation,reprogramming,embryonic stem cells,neural differentiation,early mouse development,epigenetics,novel zinc finger transcription factors