Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : CrystalEyes (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : Loughborough University — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149963.0 €

The aim of the project is to develop a novel low-cost intelligent crystallization visualization tool that enables the collection of real-time stereo (or combined visible and infrared) images as well as prevents probe fouling by using a specially designed anti-fouling control system. With the additional software interface, with efficient image analysis approaches incorporated in the crystallization process informatics systems, the tool will be the first low-cost, real-time and in situ intelligent imaging tool, with built in crystallization control and design capabilities. With the specially designed anti-fouling system the probe will prevent encrust formation on the probe window, which is a typical problem for all imaging tools currently available on the market. Besides being an efficient and robust monitoring tool, the system will also enable users to readily apply state-of-the-art crystallization design and control approaches developed as part of the ERC CrySys: Crystallisation Systems Engineering – Towards a Next Generation of Intelligent Crystallisation Systems project, for the rapid design of crystallization processes, broadening the potential impact of the control technologies developed in the research.

Mots-clés : crystallization,image analysis,crystallization monitoring,process analytical technologies
Projet ERC : ILID (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Advanced grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : University of Erlangen-Nuremberg — Pays : Allemagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : FAU
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2498125.0 €

The aim of the project is to take the ground-breaking step from our present knowledge of static properties to the understanding and control of dynamical processes at ionic liquid interfaces. Ionic liquids (ILs) are chosen as model systems for liquids in general for two reasons: First, their structural diversity allows their properties to be tailored over a wide range, and second, they can be studied using the extremely powerful methods of surface science in ultra-high vacuum due to their low vapor pressure. Such studies cannot be performed for conventional liquids, since they evaporate. ILs are not only relevant from a fundamental point of view, but also for a variety of applications. In catalysis, two new concepts have been put forward: Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) and Solid Catalyst with Ionic Liquid Layer (SCILL). In both, a high surface area solid substrate is covered with a thin IL film, which contains a dissolved metal complex for SILP, or which modifies active sites at the support for SCILL. For these and other applications, a fundamental understanding of the dynamical processes at the gas/IL and/or IL/support interfaces is strongly needed, but does not exist. Equally important, but even more challenging, is the investigation of the dynamics of chemical reactions in ILs, also under electrochemical conditions. Therefore, the applicant proposes a multi-method approach with new and unique setups to follow these dynamical processes in real time, that is, while they occur. Towards this goal, four key topics will be addressed: (A) How do gases pass through the gas/liquid interface? (B) How does the liquid/solid interface form? (C) Real-time studies of reactions in ILs, and (D) Real-time studies of electrochemical processes in ILs. The achieved insight will then enable to control the processes at the molecular level by tailoring the properties of the ILs. This promises a breakthrough not only for ILs, but for liquid interfaces in general.

Mots-clés : interface science,characterisation methods of materials,x ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning tunneling microscopy,molecular beam methods,method development
Projet ERC : KAPIBARA (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Polish Academy of Sciences — Pays : Pologne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : PAN
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1007500.0 €

The aim of the proposed research is to study the homotopy theory of algebraic varieties and other algebraically defined geometric objects, especially over fields other than the complex numbers. A noticeable emphasis will be put on fundamental groups and on K(pi, 1) spaces, which serve as building blocks for more complicated objects. The most important source of both motivation and methodology is my recent discovery of the K(pi, 1) property of affine schemes in positive characteristic and its relation to wild ramification phenomena. The central goal is the study of etale homotopy types in positive characteristic, where we hope to use the aforementioned discovery to yield new results beyond the affine case and a better understanding of the fundamental group of affine schemes. The latter goal is closely tied to Grothendieck's anabelian geometry program, which we would like to extend beyond its usual scope of hyperbolic curves. There are two bridges going out of this central point. The first is the analogy between wild ramification and irregular singularities of algebraic integrable connections, which prompts us to translate our results to the latter setting, and to define a wild homotopy type whose fundamental group encodes the category of connections. The second bridge is the theory of perfectoid spaces, allowing one to pass between characteristic p and p-adic geometry, which we plan to use to shed some new light on the homotopy theory of adic spaces. At the same time, we address the related question: when is the universal cover of a p-adic variety a perfectoid space? We expect a connection between this question and the Shafarevich conjecture and varieties with large fundamental group. The last part of the project deals with varieties over the field of formal Laurent series over C, where we want to construct a Betti homotopy realization using logarithmic geometry. The need for such a construction is motivated by certain questions in mirror symmetry.

Mots-clés : etale topology,etale homotopy,wild ramification,irregular singularities,fundamental group,perfectoid spaces,anabelian geometry
Projet ERC : DOPING-ON-DEMAND (Horizon 2020, appel 2015, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and analytical chemical sciences
Entité participante : Delft University of Technology — Pays : Pays-Bas — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : TU Delft
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1497842.0 €

The aim of the work proposed here is to develop a completely new method to electronically dope assemblies of semiconductor nanocrystals (a.k.a quantum dots, QDs), and porous semiconductors in general. External dopants are added on demand in the form of electrolyte ions in the voids between QDs. These ions will be introduced via electrochemical charge injection, and will subsequently be immobilized by (1) freezing the electrolyte solvent at room temperature or (2) chemically linking the ions to ligands on the QD surface, or by a combination of both. Encapsulating doped QD films using atomic layer deposition will provide further stability. This will result in stable doped nanocrystal assemblies with a constant Fermi level that is controlled by the potential set during electrochemical charging. QDs are small semiconductor crystals with size-tunable electronic properties that are considered promising materials for a range of opto-electronic applications. Electronic doping of QDs remains a big challenge even after two decades of research into this area. At the same time it is highly desired to dope QDs in a controlled way for applications such as LEDs, FETs and solar cells. This research project will provide unprecedented control over the doping level in QD films and will provided a major step in the optimization of optoelectronic devices based on QDs. The “Doping-on-Demand” approach will be exploited to develop degenerately doped, low-threshold QD lasers that can be operated under continuous wave excitation, and QD laser diodes that use electrical injection of charge carriers. The precise control of the Fermi-level will further be used to optimize pin junction QD solar cells and to develop, for the first time, QD pn junction solar cells with precise control over the Fermi levels.

Mots-clés : electronic doping,quantum dots,lasers,solar cells
Projet ERC : SmellHealth (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Proof of concept grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Computer science and informatics
Entité participante : Owidgets ltd — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : Owidgets ltd
Type d'entité : Organismes privés (hors enseignement)
Financement ERC de l'entité : 150000.0 €

The aim of this ERC PoC is to enable the design of new digital smell healthcare applications (e.g. smell training) through the development of a highly accurate, efficient, adaptive, and affordable smell-delivery technology (hardware and software components), and demonstrate its use to healthcare professionals. The human sense of smell is powerful, it makes an important and yet often undervalued contribution to our life and wellbeing with a unique link to emotions and memories. Smell dysfunctions or loss (even temporary) give rise to a range of problems, which can affect personal safety, enjoyment of food, personal hygiene, and can cause serious mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety and social isolation. In Europe and the USA, around 20% of the general adult population has some form of smell dysfunction and this number rises to 75% for people aged between 70–80 years. In 2050, 1 in 6 people in the world will be aged 65 years and over. The negative effects of smell dysfunctions have recently been experienced by a larger global population due to the impact of COVID-19. Regardless of a temporary or chronic smell dysfunction, there is an unmet need for digital smell care applications that empower individuals and healthcare professionals to properly care and treat negative effects. Smell training can make a difference to people’s health, personal and emotional wellbeing in older age. Additionally, reliably recording a person’s smell capabilities can detect dysfunctions that can be an early sign of degenerative conditions (Dementia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), even a decade or more before the onset of cognitive or motor symptoms. SmellHealth will not only provide technological innovation for smell delivery and control, but also enable the collection of reliable data, the creation of digital datasets based on smell performance and thus extend the benefits of personalised electronic healthcare records for monitoring, diagnosis, and prevention.

Mots-clés : smell delivery technology,smell health applications,digital smell training,human computer interaction,user centred design
Projet ERC : GREEN (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : University of Coimbra — Pays : Portugal — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2267667.0 €

The aim of this grant is to establish a world leading research centre focusing on developing a radically different way to generate clean energy from algae. GREEN will deliver a self-sustainable bioenergy generator, with an output power of the order of W/m2 that is at least 100 times larger than current state-of-art bioenergy generators. The unprecedented enhancement in output power finally breaks the power scalability barrier for bioenergy generators and in this way delivers impact on the world’s renewable energy research trajectory. I have recently discovered that a population of diatoms, a form of algae, communicate in a cooperative manner and produce long lasting large magnitude electrical oscillations. The discovery has been made possible through my recent breakthrough - I have developed a large area and low impedance transducer to record cooperative communication in cells. My idea is to harvest the generated electricity from the algae. Using 2D electrodes, the output power is µW/m2, which is low. However, the power increases with the density of diatoms adhered to the electrode and with the electrical coupling of the cells to the electrode. By going from a 2D to porous 3D electrodes, and by optimizing the coupling an output power of W/m2 is within my reach. To deliver the new bioenergy generator, it is essential to understand 1) which materials and 3D electrode geometries comprise larger cell densities and enable a more efficient charge transfer from the living organisms to the electrode 2) which organisms provide the higher output powers, and 3) how the electric circuitry will be developed to store and deliver the generated power. This multidisciplinary research will advance the state-of-the-art by delivering a prototype for a new green self-sustained energy harvester, suitable for power scalability, through realising technological advances in 1) electrochemical electrodes, 2) cooperative signalling mechanisms in algae and 3) energy harvesting circuits.

Mots-clés : bioelectronics
Projet ERC : NCore (Horizon 2020, appel 2016, Proof of concept grants)
Entité participante : University of London — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : U. London
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 149973.0 €

The aim of this project is to develop a mobile app which facilitates access to mental health services and treatments for young people with mental health problems; and to assess its feasibility, acceptability and potential clinical and cost-effectiveness. If successful, the app would: (1) increase access to mental health care by providing links to relevant existing services; (2) increase access to relevant evidence-based mobile health interventions and to address barriers to care and (3) allow individuals to review services they have used and provide feedback which can be accessed by other app users. Insufficient awareness of available services and treatments and how to access them, and the stigma associated with using treatment, are two of the most significant barriers to mental health care for young people. As part of the ongoing ERC APPLAUSE project, we have already collected data from a prospective community cohort of young people and found that among those with mental health problems, 40% wanted help but were not aware of how to get it. Thus, despite perceived need, many young people fail to find support. The ERC APPLAUSE project cohort provides us with a unique opportunity to understand how and whether the app can change service use patterns. We will randomise cohort participants with mental health problems to intervention and control conditions in order to understand changes in service use in addition to estimating short- and long-term economic impacts associated with the app intervention. Treatment can enormously improve outcomes for young people with mental health problems. Mental health problems experienced by young people can have many and often serious adverse effects, both early on and across the life-course. This app could help improve access to intervention and support, and hence alter developmental trajectories in a way that could improve the lives of these individuals and generate immediate as well as longer-term societal and economic benefits.

Mots-clés : mental health,young people,mhealth,economics,access to care,health services
Projet ERC : FORTITUDE (Horizon 2020, appel 2018, Consolidator grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems
Entité participante : University of Sheffield — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1418524.75 €

The aim of this project is to improve the legal capability of children. This focus on children breaks new ground because other research into legal capability focuses on adults. On paper, children are both empowered and protected by numerous laws and international rights instruments. In practice, however, we know that millions of children live at risk of violence, abuse and neglect in the UK alone. The proposed research seeks to create a range of resources that will empower and enable children who are at risk to enforce their legal rights independently; so increasing the likelihood of them accessing support and securing protection from harm. As well as targeting children at risk, this project seeks to strengthen all children’s capability to deal effectively with the many law-related issues that they encounter in their day to day lives. This is based on the view that children are competent social actors, whose views should be taken seriously. The project aim will be achieved through three work packages: 1. We will draw on the experiences of children to co-create a child-centred framework of attributes of legal capability. 2. We will co-create a range of game-based interventions that will both measure and improve these attributes, drawing on theories of play. 3. We will optimise the effectiveness of these interventions by determining what works best, in what circumstances, for improving attributes of legal capability among children. We will also develop a specification of the process by which such interventions can be created and optimised. The project will provide a range of game-based resources that will improve the lives of children by providing them with opportunities to improve their legal capabilities, as well as providing a framework for the development of these resources in other populations, such as EU states and developing countries. This provides the basis for opening up further lines of research for our team internationally.
Projet ERC : LAPLAS (Horizon 2020, appel 2019, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and processes engineering
Entité participante : Lund University — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1959845.0 €

The aim of this proposal is to (1) develop state-of-the-art laser diagnostics for investigating plasma phenomena and (2) demonstrate and apply these methods in relevant conditions for plasma-discharge applications. Plasmas are widely used in applications and research for e.g. surface and gas treatment, ignition systems and material processing. Development of application designs and approaches for modelling these complex processes have led to better optimized systems. Plasma-discharge formation is randomized and transient and these plasma-induced processes occur in volatile and harsh environments. Conventional methods for investigating plasma phenomena mainly rely on electric probe techniques, ex-situ mass spectroscopy or passive light emission analysis. Intermediate phenomena are rarely studied in-situ and little is known about intermediate states and governing processes, making plasma-discharge applications hard to assess and analyse. Development of laser diagnostic techniques and extensive hardware development has led to rapid advances in a various other research fields the last decades. These previous efforts provide a solid foundation for development of advanced laser-based plasma diagnostics and ground-breaking investigations of stochastic discharge plasma phenomena. This proposal is arranged in a number of work packages where the PI has unique expertise for developing state-of-the-art laser diagnostics techniqes. An example is ultra-high speed videography where the PI recently invented the world’s fastest video camera. This method is uniquely tailored for plasma investigations since it can be used in spectroscopic investigations of single events. The outcome of this project is to (I) provide experimentalist with novel diagnostic tools for studies of plasma phenomena and (II), generate experimental data that will increase understanding of plasma-induced phenomena for scientists and enginee.

Mots-clés : laser based plasma diagnostic techniques
Projet ERC : STMAGMT (Horizon 2020, appel 2020, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : University of Warwick — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1421562.0 €

The aim of this research proposal is to develop the necessary theory of three areas of Geometric Measure Theory in order to solve several fundamental open questions. The origins of these questions can be found in recent advancements in various areas of modern analysis, such as the calculus of variations, harmonic analysis and geometric function theory, and differential geometry. The project will use and expand upon techniques recently pioneered by the PI. These techniques demonstrated the viability of geometric measure theory in arbitrary metric spaces. One focus of this project will be to continue with the natural progression of this research. The other focus will be to developing these techniques in order to solve seemingly unrelated problems in new areas of analysis. These methods have been successfully used to solve many well known questions, but it is clear that their full potential has yet to be realised. The main areas of interest are: (A): Fundamental questions regarding geometric measure theory in metric spaces. A central point of interest will be generalising classical characterisations of rectifiability to non-Euclidean settings. (B): Characterisations of quantitative rectifiability. The main goal is to prove a quantitative analogue to the Besicovitch--Federer projection theorem conjectured by David and Semmes. (C): The structure of currents. In particular, the project will follow a path towards solving the flat chain conjecture of Ambrosio--Kirchheim. Each of these areas concerns difficult yet important problems. As with other fundamental results of GMT, it is expected that these techniques will find applications far beyond their original purpose.

Mots-clés : geometric measure theory,rectifiability,analysis on metric spaces,quantitative rectifiability,currents