Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-erc-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ERC : OceanCoupling (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Products and Processes Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Bergen — Pays : Norvège — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499996.0 €

The Wave-Current-Atmosphere (WCA) system in the upper ocean is an air-sea interface that drives the physical, chemical, and biological processes crucial to our global climate and environment. Observations and simulations over the last two decades have revolutionized our picture of the roles of small-scale wave processes in the large-scale oceanic circulations controlled by the WCA system, offering a promising direction to correcting long-standing biases and errors in key indicators in climate models, such as sea surface temperature and the mixed depth of vertical mixing. The key to correcting such biases and errors is to physically resolve the surface waves processes in the WCA system. OceanCoupling will effect a paradigm shift towards two-way coupled modeling of the system using a novel approach which removes a bottleneck caused by two main challenges: (i) multi-scale dependent physical processes and (ii) the air-sea interface - known for its dynamics and complexity. This approach harnesses both the analytical features of multi-scales quantities and the rapid development in computing power to greatly increase numerical efficiency, at no cost of accuracy. OceanCoupling will explain, for the first time, how the surface waves processes control the essential exchange of mass, momentum, and energy between the atmosphere and ocean. The outcome of OceanCoupling will provide timely links to recent and future ocean surface remote sensing products that monitor the ocean surface and will equip us with a feasible tool to tackle the ever-increasing wave extremes due to climate changes and innovative technologies for renewable energy.  OceanCoupling initiates a new way of efficiently modeling complex systems with multiple scales, enabling breakthroughs in similar physical systems; technically, the main outcomes, e.g., theoretical framework and numerical solver with open access, will create opportunities for novel insights due to their wide applicability in fluid dynamics.

Mots-clés : mathematical modeling air sea dynamics,two way coupling,surface water waves shear currents multiple scale processes small scale turbulence
Projet ERC : ELECTRA (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Synthetic Chemistry and Materials
Entité participante : Université de Florence — Pays : Italie — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1498784.0 €

ELECTRA aims at understanding and controlling the interaction between magnetic molecules and electric fields, called Spin-Electric (SE) effect. Molecules have several characteristics that make them appealing for information technology (small size, monodispersity, chemical tunability, quantum behaviour). Nowadays, electric fields are the most environmentally friendly and precise way to target a single molecule. Therefore, understanding how to tailor and control the SE effects will trigger the design of less energy-demanding, more efficient, and smaller devices. However, the SE effects on molecules are still poorly explored and rationalized, largely due to the absence of a generally applicable experimental technique. Therefore, this project proposes the realisation of a novel experimental technique to detect SE effects on any magnetically anisotropic material, with no a priori restrictions. The versatility of the technique will allow the study of both single crystals and thin films, which is vital in the perspective of using these systems in nanostructures. A rational synthetic plan will exploit the versatility of chemistry to unravel the role and importance of three chemically tunable properties (spin-orbit coupling, nature of the donor atoms, and structural rigidity) on the onset of the SE effects in coordination complexes. Moreover, the effect of temperature and magnetic field on the SE effects will be assessed using super-sensitive molecular probes. The rationalization of the effect will be obtained by combining ab initio calculations and phenomenological models. The positive completion of ELECTRA will deliver an unprecedented understanding of the SE effects in molecules and chemical guidelines for synthesizing highly performant molecular architectures with SE effects on-demand to be used in the field of information technology.

Mots-clés : spin electric effect,magnetic anisotropy,electric field,magnetism,magnetometry,lanthanides,transition metals
Projet ERC : COLLAPSE (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : Texts and Concepts
Entité participante : Université de Graz — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499255.0 €

In Classical Philology, a discipline which has long relied on the figure of the author, authorless texts are an ‘elephant in the room’. In antiquity, however, long before the introduction of copyright, texts were the universal commons of all those who drew on them. Authorship was frequently faked, forged, or anonymized. Because authorless texts resist the author-based gravitational structure of literary history, they continue to pose a challenge to scholars in the field and have often been marginalized.  COLLAPSE tackles this problem by providing a new methodological basis for situating authorless texts in Greek studies. Imperial Greek literature in particular serves as a fertile ground to re-think (an)onymized text production.  COLLAPSE aims (1) to reinterpret the forms of (an)onymization as forms of ‘fan fiction’ or as attempts to ‘rewrite’ previous authors; (2) to analyze how boundaries between model authors and their subsequent ‘imitators’ collapsed in Greek literature; (3) to explore the relation between poems that were ascribed to alleged authors and unattributed texts, thus differentiating forms, functions, and contexts of (an)onymization; (4) to develop a non-normative terminology and classificatory system that moves authorless texts from various fields to the center of Greek literary history. Three of COLLAPSE’s work packages investigate the centripetal power of the author’s name in the attribution of Greek texts. The other three analyze the dynamics of anonymization and examine the centrifugal forces of anonymity.  COLLAPSE attempts to subvert the classificatory binary of genuine and authentic texts versus ‘forgeries’. Moreover, the inclusion of different fields of knowledge aims to break down theoretical boundaries to neighboring disciplines. Overall, COLLAPSE will rethink the processes of (an)onymization in a groundbreaking way and contribute to a better understanding of inter-authorial mechanisms in Imperial Greek textual production.

Mots-clés : pseudepigraphy,anonymity,authorship,collaboration,fan fiction,rewriting
Projet ERC : NanoArchive (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Graz — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499916.0 €

Despite the natural ubiquity of nano- and microparticles and their increasing production and emission in anthropogenic processes, we struggle to understand their direct impact on environment and health. This is anchored in their elusive nature and analytical challenges arising from it. Although current approaches can retrieve some facets, we are blind for a majority of properties or cannot retrieve them coherently. We are in a dire need to decipher basic traits of particles and gain more comprehensive insights in their compositions, size distributions and abundances. Only this way, we can advance on our understanding on origin, implication, and fate of particulate entities. “NanoArchive” will provide new paradigms and innovations to enable the analysis of particles and aims to close a persistent gap in our understanding of the world at the nano- and microscale. The technological innovation is based on the convolution of elemental mass spectrometry, optical traps, and molecular spectroscopy to promote characterisations on a single particle level. The hyphenation of newly emerging technologies goes far beyond the current state-of-the-art but provides new opportunities to gain complementary and comprehensive perspectives on particles. Our aim is the empowerment of non-target particle analyses, the identification of integral molecular and elemental information and the bottom-up modelling of dispersion parameters using single particle data. This way, we will be able to bring particle science to a ground-breaking new level, allowing us to understand particles in our environment. The application potential of “NanoArchive” will be demonstrated by focussing on glacier ice cores – the ideal archive to investigate natural background as well as the chronological evolution of human emission. However, the full impact of “NanoArchive” goes much beyond, potentially revolutionizing the analytics and understanding of particles in fields like geology, biology, or medicine.

Mots-clés : single particle analysis,elemental mass spectrometry
Projet ERC : DeSiRe (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Soci al World and Its Interactions
Entité participante : Université de Graz — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 2037464.0 €

Social media platforms are central for civic discourse yet evidence is mounting that they play a causal role in deteriorating social cohesion. User behaviour on social media platforms is governed by content recommendation algorithms that maximise engagement, leading to unintended consequences such as the promotion of outrage. The EU's newly enacted Digital Services Act mandates social media platforms to assess their systemic risks for society. However, the current challenge lies in translating abstract risks to concrete platform design changes that reduce such risks. We will bridge this gap by combining approaches from social science and computer science to incorporate the reduction of risk to civic discourse into content recommendation algorithms of social media platforms. To this end, we will employ a participation-based approach to develop novel algorithms that consider various aspects of civic discourse, such as information quality and diversity, and the civility of language. We will develop Open Source digital twins of social media platforms to enable experimentation with new algorithms independent of platform companies. To balance the reduction of risk to civic discourse and freedom of expression, we will solicit people's preferences in different scenarios such as a public health crisis and elections, and develop balanced algorithms. Lastly, we will develop a scenario-based risk assessment framework to assess algorithms and provide policy recommendations for interventions in content recommendation algorithms. The originality of DeSiRe stands out in that to date democratic values and fundamental rights played no role in the design of content recommendation algorithms.

Mots-clés : social media content recommendation algorithms civic discourse democratic values risk assessment simulation computational social science misinformation
Projet ERC : SAIL (Horizon Europe, appel 2023, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Social Sciences and Humanities
Panel : The Human Mind and Its Compl exity
Entité participante : Université de Linköping — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1491741.0 €

Losing someone can feel like losing a part of oneself. Do we need others to be ourselves? What happens to the self when we lose a loved one? How can people be adequately supported in times of grief?  ‘SAIL’ combines, for the first time, phenomenological evaluation, computational modeling, neuroimaging, psychopharmacology, and behavioral experiments to characterize the grieving self and to develop a novel, mechanism-based intervention with the goal of supporting adaptative processing of the loss.  In an aging society, where people might outlive their partner by decades, it becomes crucial to improve support during times of grief, and to develop treatment options for those with prolonged grief disorder who are at a 20% increased mortality risk. Previous psychological research suggests that the loss of a close person affects self-identity, an aspect of the higher cognitive self. If the basis of the self, the bodily self, is also affected is unknown. Here, I combine the perspective of grief as a learning process with my previous work on the bodily self which I argue to be inherently social. In aim 1, I will use behavioral measures, neuroimaging, and computational modeling to characterize the self after interpersonal loss. In aim 2, I will employ a double-blind, active-placebo-controlled, between-subject study to test whether the serotonin-receptor-agonist psilocybin can improve adaptation to the loss experience by supporting the re-establishment of the bodily self. Psilocybin is suggested to cause a transient shift from reliance on prior experiences towards current sensations. I will utilize this shift combined with a self-touch intervention to support re-learning about the bodily self in grieving individuals. With this project, I aim to: • Identify the psychological and neurobiological consequences of grief on the self, and • Develop a novel, mechanism-based intervention to improve adaptation to a ubiquitous cause of human suffering: the death of a close loved one.

Mots-clés : the bodily self,grief,death,prolonged grief disorder,phenomenology,psychophysics,neuroimaging,computational psychiatry,predictive processing,psychedelics,psilocybin,touch
Projet ERC : LUMOR (Horizon Europe, appel 2022, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Entité participante : Université de Linköping — Pays : Suède — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1500000.0 €

Organic luminescent radicals (OLRs) are quite rare emitters demonstrating doublet-doublet fluorescence and having a number of advantages towards practical applications in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), ratiometric fluorescence sensors and anti-counterfeiting labelling. The doublet-doublet fluorescence by OLRs is a spin-allowed process similarly to the common singlet-singlet fluorescence. But in contrast to closed-shell molecules for which “bright” excited singlet states are higher in energy than “dark” triplet states, the doublet excited states of OLRs are always lower in energy than the quartet states. That is why the theoretical limit for internal quantum efficiency of OLR-based OLEDs is expected to be 100% and why the quartet excited states in general have not been considered for OLRs. However, recent experimental studies indicate that quartet states of OLR emitters indeed can be populated in OLEDs so reducing their efficiency. Thus, in the current project I aim to develop general theory and principles of OLRs in order to involve quartet states into the emission process and to boost the efficiency of OLEDs beyond state-of-art results. Another challenge for this project is design of OLRs for sensor applications. Most of OLRs possess low-lying first excited doublet state that makes them perfect anti-Kasha emitters for which emission occurs from higher excited states, something that is rare for closed-shell systems but required for ratiometric fluorescence sensors. In this project I aim to extend the principles of anti-Kasha emission for OLRs to make a breakthrough in state-of-art ratiometric detection of radicals. Finally, the special kind of sensing called two-step anti-counterfeiting labelling will be developed in this project based on photoresponsive aromatic carbonyls. These compounds are environment friendly, they can easily generate stable OLRs upon UV irradiation that I will utilize for innovative anti-counterfeiting application.

Mots-clés : radical oled fluorescence phosphorescence sensor doublet state quartet state anti kasha emission spin statistics
Projet ERC : HyperFMOF (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Materials Engineering
Entité participante : Université de Castille-La Manche — Pays : Espagne — Rôle : PI
Acronyme de l'entité : UCLM
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1614000.0 €

Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are among the most efficient optoelectronic devices for multiple displays and illumination technologies. Their superior performance over conventional sources has boosted this discipline, reaching to what is considered as the 4th generation of OLEDs. These OLEDs are based on a novel concept known as hyperfluorescence (HF), in which a thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) material acts as sensitizer of a narrow-band fluorescent emitter via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). However, HF-OLEDs still present intrinsic limitations mostly related to molecular aggregation of TADF compounds, and the FRET efficiency. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are excellent platforms for developing novel HF materials to be used in the fabrication of more efficient OLEDs. Their ordered structure, joint with the possibility of using TADF molecules as organic linkers, will minimize the issues associated with molecular aggregation, while enhancing the TADF mechanism by reducing molecular motions. Moreover, their porous structure allows for the encapsulation of narrow-band emitters (HF guest@TADF-MOFs), shortening the distances between the donor (TADF-MOF) and the acceptor (narrow-band emitter), and thus, increasing the FRET efficiency. HyperFMOF intends to fabricate and fully characterize novel HF guest@TADF-MOFs, which will be subsequently integrated as emissive layers of high-performance OLEDs. This project is multidisciplinary and highly ambitious, and the overall aim will be achieved by: the synthesis and characterization of unexplored TADF linkers, TADF-MOFs and HF guest@TADF-MOFs; the in-depth investigation of their spectroscopic and photodynamics properties; and the manufacturing, characterization and optimization of novel HF guest@TADF OLEDs. HyperFMOF will open new avenues in different research areas from synthesis to spectroscopy and OLED technology, and will overcome the limitations of preceding OLED generations.

Mots-clés : metal organic frameworks tadf hyperfluorescence ultrafast spectroscopy oleds
Projet ERC : WEPOF (Horizon Europe, appel 2021, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences
Entité participante : Université d'Innsbruck — Pays : Autriche — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499375.0 €

One of the most urgent challenges our society is facing nowadays is the development of an energy economy based on renewable resources. A fascinating approach is artificial photosynthesis, where solar energy is exploited to produce chemical fuels out of carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. While recent technological advances are bringing us closer to the goal of developing efficient light-harvesting platforms, a fundamental gap about the atomic-scale mechanisms remains to be filled. Understanding the atomistic details of the processes involved is of tremendous importance to drive a rational design of photoactive materials. Relevant questions include: how do electrical charges move upon light absorption? How does the atomic structure influence the ability to harvest light? Why do some materials work better than others? Answering to questions as these represents an extraordinary demanding task, since excitons, the most fundamental light-induced excitations, composed of bound electron-hole pairs, are only transient short-lived entities occurring in complex materials. The WEPOF project aims at enabling the direct experimental observation of excitons in photoactive covalent organic frameworks, providing a fundamental understanding of photoexcited states in energy materials. While the structural complexity of organic frameworks will be tackled by individuating elementary functional units, allowing rationalizing their structure-function relations, the development of unique scanning probe microscopy methods will enable to watch excitons on their relevant length- and timescales. The understanding of excitonic processes will allow steering the design of photoactive materials with improved energy conversion efficiency, providing a conceptual framework for next-generation material platforms for artificial photosynthesis.
Projet ERC : HeDiStat (Horizon Europe, appel 2024, Starting grants)
Domaine scientifique : Physical Sciences and Engineering
Panel : Mathematics
Entité participante : Université de Warwick — Pays : Royaume-Uni — Rôle : PI
Type d'entité : Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire
Financement ERC de l'entité : 1499689.0 €

Data is now collected at unprecedented scales across many industries, meaning that there is huge potential for evidence-based advances in science, technology and public policy. However, to harness this potential we must navigate repositories that are often a far cry from the idealised datasets, carefully collected and curated under perfect conditions, that are usually imagined when new statistical methodology is introduced. Data are often gathered quickly and cheaply, patched together from multiple locations, with limited regard to enforcing experimental standards. We may have the large sample sizes we desire, but there will be missing values, misaligned datasets, contamination and, depending on the sector, there may be noise added purposefully to satisfy individuals' and regulatory bodies' privacy concerns.  We propose to address such difficulties through the development of new statistical methodology and theoretical frameworks that explicitly incorporate various forms of data heterogeneity and measurement error. This will be divided into four main areas: 1. Accounting for sampling bias when a complete dataset is complemented by additional incomplete datasets. This will be studied through the lens of semiparametric theory for functional estimation. 2. Combining two or more datasets that record overlapping but distinct sets of variables, where few or no complete records of all variables are available. These file matching problems will be studied using new developments in statistical optimal transport. 3. Examining the effect of the violation of missing data assumptions. Here we will introduce techniques from robust statistics to mitigate the error due to misspecifying assumptions about sampling bias. 4. Securing individuals' private data through the intentional use of noisy measurement. Here we contribute to the growing field of differential privacy, specifically the user-level local variant, where distributed batches of observations are privatised simultaneously.

Mots-clés : missing data data fusion local differential privacy optimal transport