Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SPELEOTOLIA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Speleothems (calcareous cave deposits) are among the most useful archives that are utilized to reconstruct past environmental conditions, including palaeotemperature and moisture conditions, on decadal to millennial timescales. Highquality (high-resolution, precisely dated, complete, and robust) regional speleothem-based palaeoclimate records, specifically revealing the past variability of rainfall regimes, is of great importance for human water, and hence for the future estimations pertaining the human-climate-environment relationship. Research suggests that decreases in rainfall-driven water availability during the late Holocene in the Eastern Mediterranean region was one of the main reasons for the decline and/or collapse of some former civilizations (e.g., decline of Ottoman Empire in the preindustrial era, collapse of Uruk society in Mesopotamia during the transition from chalcolithic to the early Bronze Age, societal collapse of the Late Bronze Age). This project will generate an extensive dataset through a multi-proxy approach of isotope and trace element geochemistry using Holocene-aged stalagmites from several cave sites located in western and southwestern Anatolia (Turkey). The main objectives of the proposed action are: (1) to produce precisely-dated (U-series dating) and high temporal resolution paleorecords concerning the Holocene climate dynamics that affected the living patterns of ancient Aegean civilizations (e.g., Classical Greek and Roman), (2) to trace possible impacts of human-induced environmental and atmospheric pollution through a suite of high resolution stalagmite records, including stable isotope and trace element variations (e.g., changes in carbon and sulphur isotope ratios), and (3) to explore whether the speleothems reflect Holocene volcanic activities that occurred in the Aegean region, and if so, to distinguish these effects from anthropogenic activities.

Mots clés : paleoclimate, paleoenvironment, holocene, speleothem, u series dating, stable isotope, trace element, eastern mediterranean, western anatolia

Participants :
- Middle East Technical University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 157355.52 €
Projet SMFP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Sphingolipids are essential lipids that are ubiquitous among eukaryotes. Plants produce structurally diverse sphingolipids that are involved in many processes, including maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and microdomain formation, cell growth and division, polar secretion, and programmed cell death (PCD) signalling. They have primarily been investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana, for which an extensive genetic toolkit has been available for decades. Genome sequences and tools for genome editing are now available for a wide variety of species, offering a better understanding of metabolic and functional diversity, and enabling study of evolutionary history and ancestral functions. The bryophyte Physcomitrella patens is an early-diverged land plant and a relatively new model organism. Preliminary work revealed a unique sphingolipid profile for Physcomitrella, and diversification of gene families associated with the biosynthesis of glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs), the most abundant and diverse class of sphingolipids in plants. The precise functions of GIPCs have been challenging to study in Arabidopsis due to non-viable or pleiotropic mutant phenotypes, complex organ structure, and difficulties with extraction and detection of GIPCs. I propose reverse-genetic characterization of GIPC biosynthesis in Physcomitrella, where expansion of gene families and simple morphology will facilitate mutant analysis. Further, I will use Physcomitrella to dissect the connection between sphingolipid metabolism and PCD, which is well-recognized, but mechanistically obscure. I will perform a mutant screen with Physcomitrella protoplasts for resistance to the ceramide synthase inhibitor and PCD trigger Fumonisin B1. The causal mutations will be identified by next-generation mapping and characterized. Altogether, this work offers novel and unique insight into the metabolism and functions of essential and abundant metabolites, and the mechanisms that regulate PCD.

Mots clés : lipidomics, sphingolipid metabolism, physcomitrella patens, crispr, cas editing, programmed cell death physiology, plant evolution

Participants :
- University of Göttingen (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet SPINHALL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) are revolutionary nano-scopic, ultra-tunable, and ultra-rapidly modulated microwave oscillators. They show highly attractive ground-breaking properties and have direct compatibility with industry standard CMOS technology due to its similar structure as present-day magnetic memory cells. While their first target applications are ultra-wide frequency tunable microwave signal generators/detectors for cell phones, wireless networks, vehicle radar, and ultrafast spectral analysis applications, the rapidly improved understanding of their non-linear properties and demonstration of mutual synchronization of large numbers of SHNOs make them promising candidate for large-scale oscillator networks. It has been found very recently that spin torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) and SHNOs are ideal candidates for efficient oscillatory computing and a group of researchers demonstrated speech recognition using reservoir computing with a network of four MTJ-STNOs. However, this approach is neither fast (the vortex STNOs operate in the 100-300 MHz range and STNO-STNO coupling is weak) nor easily scalable to large networks since each STNO requires individual control of both its drive current and local magnetic field, which consumes high power. SPINHALL will use the recent breakthroughs in spin Hall devices, materials, and characterization techniques to improve the performance, and applicability of SHNOs and their networks. The primary goal is to use the latest breakthroughs in topological insulators (such as BiSb and BiSe) with their high spin Hall angle and high spin Hall conductivity and low-magnetization high-anisotropy ferromagnets (such as Heusler alloys Mn3 xGa and Mn3+xGe) to improve the SHNO operating frequency by an order of magnitude, the power consumption by several orders of magnitude, and explore improved mutual synchronization and neuromorphic computing using networks of these SHNOs.

Mots clés : spin hall nano oscillator, magnetic thin films, topological insulator, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, brillouing light scattering microscopy

Participants :
- University of Gothenburg (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet STAY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The COVID-19 outbreak is a public health and economic crisis, unprecedented in human history and as the epidemic progresses, it becomes obvious that human behaviour plays a crucial role in curbing the epidemic spread. In liberal democracies, governments largely rely on the population’s willingness to adhere to measures. Adherence to measures is framed as a prosocial act but the consequence - staying at home - isolates individuals from the collective and counteracts behavioural synchronization. This leads to competing effects on the levels of prosociality in a population. Understanding these dynamics is of great importance to evaluate the sustainability of measures but to date, there is no assessment of the influence on prosocial behaviour on the level of adherence to measures. To this end, I will numerically model prosociality in a population during a pandemic as a dynamical system. Here, prosociality is subject to a driving force (severity of pandemic), positive feedback through emotional synchronization (news, social media) and dampening (quarantine fatigue). To parameterize the model I will measure collective and individual levels of prosociality in a population using digital traces on social media platforms. By applying the LIWC method on, for example, a corpus collected from Twitter for different countries in the period before and during the pandemic, population levels of prosociality can be extracted. I will use the parameterized model to compare different liberal democracies and assess the combined impact of prosociality and non-pharmaceutical intervention measures on the prevention of the spread of COVID-19. To this end, I have established collaborations with eminent epidemiologists. Furthermore, I will implement a public monitor for prosociality (and other emotions such as anger) for European countries that will enable decision-makers to assess public sentiment in a timely and quantitative manner.

Mots clés : computational social science, digital traces, social media

Participants :
- Graz University of Technology (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 174167.04 €
Projet CITI-GENS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Collaboration in Training and Innovation for Growing, Evolving and Networked Societies (CITI-GENS) Doctoral Programme at Queen’s University Belfast (QUB) will recruit and train 20 outstanding international researchers over a 60-month period. During this time, they will be transformed into a professional and skilled cohort addressing global challenges aligned to the themes of the Belfast Region City Deal innovation ecosystem: Information Technology, Advanced Manufacturing, Life Sciences and the Creative Industries. In seeking to address societal challenges in new ways and with new technologies, the CITI-GENS ESRs will engage with methodologies at the forefront of current practice in innovation, notably design thinking. Adopting the 3i approach, ESRs chosen for CITI-GENS will combine their advanced disciplinary excellence with capacity for genuinely interdisciplinary, intersectoral and international quality research involving the capacities of QUB and 25 non-HEI partners. The CITI-GENS programme has been developed on the basis that future societal challenges will emerge across rather than within economic and social sectors, requiring new technologies that are emerging or not yet developed, and which outpace developments in social structures and conventions. This is the key value of CITI-GENS: it demands that successful applicants are characterised by openness to innovation, pioneer thinking and creativity. These qualities will be nourished by means of a personalised training package for each ESR and through a range of cohort leadership and development opportunities within our award-winning Graduate School. CITI-GENS research findings will be disseminated and communicated to different stakeholders though a wide variety of channels. The proposed CITI-GENS DP will be managed through a bespoke coordination and oversight system in a University with an established reputation for its cross-disciplinary doctoral training and knowledge transfer activities.

Mots clés : collaboration, innovation, growing, evolving, networks, information technology, advanced manufacturing, life sciences, creative industries

Participants :
- Queen's University Belfast (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1627200.0 €
Projet Coqaml (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Coq proof assistant is a popular tool to verify the correctness of security-critical software. The CompCert C compiler, some implementations of blockchain languages, and the implementation of the P-256 elliptic curve in Google’s BoringSSL library are all OCaml programs obtained by extraction from Coq functions. While a type checker for Coq has recently been verified via a machine-checked mathematical proof based on the MetaCoq project for verified meta-programming, the extraction process from Coq to OCaml is still part of the trusted computing base (TCB). The Coqaml project will minimise the TCB for extracted programs even further by also providing a machine-checked correctness proof for the extraction mechanism to OCaml. Under the supervision of Nicolas Tabareau, head of the Inria Gallinette team in Nantes, the experienced researcher (ER) will implement Coq's extraction as mechanically verified MetaCoq-plugin, obtaining the guarantee that extracted OCaml programs behave exactly like the Coq function specified. In order to be usable in industrial applications, Coqaml will include a novel extraction targeting generalized algebraic datatypes (GADTs) in OCaml. The project includes a secondment of the ER to Nomadic Labs in Paris, who require GADTs as target for Coq's extraction. The intermediate semantic correctness proof for type and proof erasure, allowing axioms like functional extensionality or proof irrelevance in verified programs, can also be exploited in other extraction projects like the CertiCoq compiler from Coq to C code. The Coqaml project is interdisciplanary by design, spanning logic, type theory, programming languages, and compilers. The density of some of the world’s leading experts on Coq and type theory in the Gallinette team and the expertise at Nomadic Labs will ensure that the environment is ideal for the success of the Coqaml project and the most beneficial development of the ER, greatly enhancing his future career prospects.

Mots clés : ocaml, programming languages, type theory, compilers, meta programming, logics in computer science, program verification, security

Participants :
- Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet DTA3 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The DTA3 will develop 83 early-stage researchers (ESRs) as internationally connected, independent researchers with interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral skills and experience, ready for industrial employment in the European and UK priority challenge areas of healthcare, clean energy and social policy. Building on existing individual doctoral programmes, DTA3 is delivered through a consortium of 12 universities across England and Wales, with associate partners in Europe and Australia. COFUND will support the full integration of three existing individual programmes of training in applied biosciences for health, energy and social policy. This will increase the employability gains for graduate ESRs, who will benefit both from deep subject expertise and a broad understanding of the global challenges in these three key sectors. This responds to identified employer needs and will enable ESRs to transfer quickly and easily into a range of industry roles across the globe after their study. DTA3 provides access to expertise and research equipment across 12 institutions and an additional layer of cross-disciplinary training opportunities. ESRs will graduate from the programme with a solid grasp of the context of their skills and knowledge in the global labour market, and an international professional community of peers and employer networks. Thus, the over-arching ambition of DTA 3 is the development of a mobile, interdisciplinary and international ESR community able to solve grand challenges by working across healthcare, energy and social policy sectors. It seeks to build a cohort with broad connections to professional networks, industry and commerce across these three key sectors. Core objectives have been identified: - Development of a mobile, interdisciplinary & international ESR community able to solve grand challenges - Focus on communication & translation of applied research - Involve supervisors as an integral part of the programme

Mots clés : doctoral, training, researcher, career development, energy, applied biosciences for health, social policy

Participants :
- University Alliance (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 6513840.0 €
Projet NS-COMP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The EU is a world leader in the development and manufacturing of structural products for the transport industry, with the aeronautical sector alone providing more than 500,000 jobs, generating a turnover of close to €140 billion in 2013 . Noise is a serious form of environmental pollution affecting the lives of hundreds of millions of citizens worldwide and having multiple socio-economic consequences. Moreover, intense vibration can endanger the structural integrity and performance of equipment and hardware. Modern industrial structures are made of composite materials due to their well-known benefits. Despite their superior structural characteristics, composite structures exhibit poor dynamic and acoustic isolation levels compared to conventional metallic ones. In order to keep noise and vibration levels at acceptable limits, structural manufacturers are nowadays obliged to extensively employ constrained-layer damping treatments that are expensive in terms of additional mass and space usage. NS-COMP will bring together an ER being expert in ‘wave propagation in phononic crystals and acoustic mematerials’ and a host institution carrying leading academic know-how in ‘design, optimization and manufacturing of multifunctional composites’. The Fellowship aims at developing novel structures having exceptional damping properties combined with the outstanding structural performance of a layered composite at minimum extra mass, volume and cost. This will be attained through the inclusion of internal purely mechanical Negative Stiffness (NS) elements in the core of the structure. According to conservative preliminary simulations, a successful completion of NS-COMP will deliver structures that have a damping ratio at least 300% superior (for the same stiffness/mass fraction) to that of the structures currently employed in the transport industry. The secondment of the ER to AIRBUS will ensure the applicability of this new family of structures to real-world industrial scenarios.

Mots clés : structural dynamics, wave propagation, composite structures, negative stiffness, damping

Participants :
- University of Nottingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet EVACUATION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The EU urgently seeks to improve emergency evacuation preparedness. EU public spaces are getting more crowded. Fires and terrorist attacks require emergency evacuation. Faster evacuation from public buildings during emergencies saves more lives. Observations of actual emergencies show that people tend to be slow to respond to evacuation alarms (taking up to 10 minutes) and take the familiar route out instead of the nearest exit. The EU calls for evidence-based recommendations for evacuations, which are mostly non-existent. The state of the art uses computer models of evacuation speed, but more realism is needed. We take the novel approach of combining state of the art computer modeling with insights from risk communication to improve speed and survival in emergency evacuations. This project aims to: 1. Identify which risky behaviors occur in emergency evacuations and underlying causes (WP1). 2. Use models to identify communication strategies that improve evacuation time and survival (WP2). 3. Test communication strategies for improving evacuation time and survival in experiments (WP3). To ultimately save lives, Aim 1 involves (a) observing behavior in existing videos of actual evacuations, and (b) interviewing emergency service members about their experiences in actual evacuations. Aim 2 will use ‘agent-based’ computer modeling, with which the Fellow has experience, to assess the effect of reducing the riskiest behaviors on evacuation time and survival rates. Based on the Supervisor’s expertise in risk communication and input from emergency service members, this will result in recommendations that will be tested in Aim 3 in actual evacuation drills. Our unique team has the interdisciplinary and practical expertise needed to improve evacuations. Our proposed work will promote transfer between the Fellow and the team through hands-on collaborative work. The UK is an ideal testbed for our project aims, but we will inform evacuations worldwide.

Mots clés : evacuation behavior, risk communication, evacuation computer model, emergency evacuation

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet EUTOPIA-SIF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The EUTOPIA Science and Innovation Fellowships program is an ambitious initiative to train young research leaders. This strategic program is launched by the EUTOPIA Alliance, a network of six universities that has recently been awarded an Erasmus+ ‘European Universities’ pilot project. It brings together Université Paris Seine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Goeteborgs Universitet, Univerza v Ljubljani and University of Warwick, who have joined forces to provide fellows with an innovation-driven world-class research eco-system. The program focuses on 5 interdisciplinary Key Research Areas: 1- Materials engineering; 2- Data & Intelligence; 3- Health; 4- Sustainability; 5- Welfare & Inclusion. The program offers 76 two-years post-doctoral fellowships over five years and aims to promote the research potential and career perspective of outstanding, innovative young researchers. Fellows are offered full freedom to pursue their research project whilst benefiting from expert academic supervision, state-of-the art research infrastructure and being part of an interdisciplinary research community. The program offers career mentoring; and promotes transferable skills, innovation and entrepreneurship awareness and secondment with partners. While letting fellows choose their hosting university, the program will create a transnational community of researchers through joint initiatives such as yearly symposia, a strong network, etc. International mobility, both among EUTOPIA members and towards international academic institutions will be encouraged. Université Paris Seine will manage the program on behalf of the EUTOPIA Alliance. The program will rest on a unified governance, a joint, high standard, selection procedure, and resource sharing. In addition, more than 45 companies, local authorities and non-profit organizations who are ready to train or host some researchers on secondments already support the program.

Mots clés : science and innovation training, transnational collaboration, european university, mobility, interdisciplinary research, cross sectoral engagement, challenge led research

Participants :
- CY Cergy Paris Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 5590560.0 €