Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CIRCLE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Human activity is predicted to result in a 1.5-4 ºC global warming of air temperature by 2100. The globally averaged ocean surface temperature data shows a mean warming trend of 0.062 ºC/decade since 1900. Since 2010 this has increased to 0.280 ºC/decade. The loss of coral species is decreasing the competitive sponge species chemically fighting for space. Given the imminent threat that global warming has on the future of coral reefs, there is a strong need for robust scientific measures of reef health and future sustainability to improve the survival potential of corals and better inform reef restoration projects, ensuring healthy, diverse, and resilient coral reefs. CIRCLE (ChemIcal waRfare in CoraL rEefs) aims to investigate the influence of climate change on the chemical warfare that occurs in coral reef ecosystems between sponge and coral species, to inform conservation efforts to protect reef ecosystems. We hypothesize that the increasing ocean temperatures are influencing the diversity and distribution of sponge and coral species, where a trade-off is being made between survival and growth. This research will develop critical information for understanding the chemistry and genetic variations required for reef ecosystem growth and (re)-building in response to climate change. It will improve our understanding of future economic and social impacts of global warming on Pacific Island reef ecosystems. CIRCLE will advance the current state of the art application of multi omics techniques to explore the interspecies chemical ecology between sponge and coral species. Through the combined use of omic techniques and chemical natural product experiments we will identify biochemical markers of coral and sponge health. The knowledge gained in this project will empower local Pacific Island communities to enact procedures to monitor and protect the reef and ocean environment, protecting social and economic prosperity.

Mots clés : marine natural products, sponge, coral reef, chemical ecology, restoration, allelopathy

Participants :
- Université nationale d'Irlande à Galway (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 252728.64 €
- University of Papua New Guinea (Papouasie-Nouv.-Guinée) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LEMMA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Landslides and avalanches jointly cause approximately 150 deaths and €4.9 billion economic losses each year, with the impacts predicted to become more severe due to climate change. Mitigation and prevention of disasters requires accurate predictions of these phenomena, which due to their scale is only achievable via modelling and simulation. Accurate models of landslides in permafrost or avalanches must account for micro-scale (<1mm) processes such as cracks and shear bands that also involve thermal and hydrological effects that will be exacerbated by climate change. Such models do not currently exist. Further, this level of refinement is not computationally viable when modelling an entire mountainside, and so a new approach must be adopted. This project will: 1) Develop new models for permafrost and snow subject to climate-change-induced loadings; 2) Use the new data-driven mechanics framework to transfer information from these models to the scale of the mountainside; and 3) Simulate the effects of climate change on the Mont-Blanc massif at Chamonix. This will combine the researcher's experience with shear band models with the supervisor's expertise in crack models and optimisation techniques. A secondment at a group specialising in simulating landslides and avalanches will provide the expertise to implement the simulation on a real mountainside. This interdisciplinary project will ideally set the researcher for a career in academia in Europe, while benefiting the community at Chamonix, in particular the guide's association, as they will be able to plan adaptations and mitigations for the effects of climate change, ensuring their tourism industry remains viable. Specialised multiphysical models that are adapted to permafrost and snow will advance the state-of-the-art significantly, and the implementation of optimisation techniques in data-driven mechanics has wide applicability throughout civil and mechanical engineering, geology and environmental science.

Mots clés : modelling, simulation, fracture mechanics, shear bands, thermo hydro mechanics, data driven, multiscale, material point method

Participants :
- Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 195914.88 €
- Université Grenoble Alpes (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SERENITY (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With a return of human exploration missions to the Moon in the mid-2020s and the preparation of more distant and longer-duration missions to Mars and further into the solar system, large-scale sustainable and reliable food production systems will need to be developed. Until now, only small-scale plant growth systems have been operated in space and they still pose numerous challenges. To be sustainable, greenhouse modules (GHM) for space need to use few resources, present low risk, be robust, reliable, and resilient. Therefore, this project aims at developing a methodology allowing space and terrestrial GHM design based on given constraints, using modelling, simulations, and optimization, with a process engineering and system engineering approach. The first objective is the analysis of constraints and objectives. This will be achieved after review and definition of environmental parameters constraints, criteria pertaining to GHM stability and reliability, and subsystem modelling, through extended literature review. The second objective is the systematic generation of competing designs using simulation tools based on constraints defined in objective 1. The interpretation of these results is the second part of this objective and is achieved with comparing different GHM designs, using criteria linked to used resources (energy, water, crew time), resources production (food, oxygen, water), as well as reliability, sustainability and risk. The third objective is the decision on a systematic approach to choose the best solution and provide recommendations for plant growth systems design in different gravity scenario. This project will fill the gap for the development of space and terrestrial food production systems and thus allow human exploration of Mars. It will allow Dr. Poulet to acquire the skills she needs to move her career forward and it will enable UCA Institut Pascal - GePEB to strengthen their international collaboration network with the space community.

Mots clés : sustainability, life cycle, reliability, circular, bioregenerative, space, reduced gravity, life support systems, plant, greenhouse module, modelling, simulation, computational fluid dynamics

Participants :
- Université Clermont Auvergne (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195914.88 €
- École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LUPCOS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

I propose the project LUPCOS (Learning the Universe in the era of Precision COSmology) to be carried out at the Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, under the mentorship of Prof. Pratika Dayal. The main scientific goal of LUPCOS is to fully capitalize on the upcoming sky-surveys by developing very accurate and highly efficient analytical and semi-numerical models of the Cosmic dawn and the Epoch of Reionization and, finally, employing the latest Machine Learning techniques to obtain the tightest constraints on different cosmological and astrophysical parameters. The workflow of the project is a combination of machine learning techniques and seminumerical/analytical modelling of the early epochs of the Universe, thereby bridging the gap between these fields to maximise scientific output. The objectives will be addressed via three work packages (WPs): First (WP1): improve the state-of-the-art analytical model CosmoReionMC by incorporating more observational data and more detailed Physics related to different complex astrophysical processes during CD and EoR. Second (WP2): Coupling the latest parameter estimation technique with the state-of-the-art semi-numerical galaxy formation model DELPHI to make it suitable for parameter estimation study. Third (WP3): Employ the most recent machine learning technique on the state-of-the-art cosmological N-body simulation data to extract the maximum information; this will work as a precursor project on parameter inference techniques for the upcoming sky surveys. My expertise in analytical modelling of the early Universe and skills in ML techniques, along with the expertise of my proposed supervisor, Prof. P. Dayal, at the Kapteyn, put us in a favourable position for the successful execution of this project. Furthermore, with the training from this fellowship, I will be competent to lead future research groups of my own, paving the way for ground-breaking scientific results with upcoming surveys.

Mots clés : epoch of reionization, machine learning techniques

Participants :
- Université de Groningue (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
- Altoida ag (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ECO-HURDLES (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The need for action on tackling climate change has reached a make-or-break moment: we can only deliver on the commitments made in the Paris Agreement if we act now. Given the importance of consumer behaviour in addressing climate change and the urgency for action, accelerating the growth in the adoption of green practices is critical if Europe is to become a climate neutral continent by 2050. However, while the availability and consumption of sustainable product and service options has been growing, the diffusion of these sustainable practices in society has been slow, showing that early adoption of sustainable consumption practices does not sufficiently generalize to similar practices or other consumers. The overarching objective of this project is to study why instances of environmentally sustainable behaviour does not always invite more instances of such behaviour. I will study the hurdles first at the intrapersonal level by looking at downstream consequences of perceptual biases and testing intrapersonal consistency across different consumer domains. Then I will move to the interpersonal level, studying barriers that might prevent consumers from following or mimicking the green behaviour of others. At both levels I will test a number of theoretically justifiable remedies and nudges to correct for these biases. The project findings will provide valuable input in defining policy and strategies to encourage environmentally sustainable consumption and will help consumers in interpreting eco-information and understanding the effects of biases on their own consumer behaviour.

Mots clés : environmentally sustainable consumer behaviour, perceptual biases, eco information, green self perceptions, conspicuous consumption, reactance theory

Participants :
- BI Norwegian Business School (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet SonoNano (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The global food industry is shifting towards sustainability due to environmental concerns, resource depletion, and increasing demand for functional foods, driven by a projected population increase to nearly 10 billion by 2050. In this context, seaweed biomass is an abundant source of seaweed-derived bioactives (SDBs) such as proteins (SDP), starches (SDS), and polyphenols (SDPPs), which are appealing renewable bioresources for sustainable food systems. Initially, we aim to establish high-throughput screening of seaweed bioactives (SDP, SDS, and SDPPs) and estimate their therapeutic potential (WP1). However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the nature and chemistry of SDP, SDS, and SDPPs, which hinders their incorporation into food matrices. The objective is to determine which combination of SDP, SDS, and SDPPs is important for nanofood systems and to understand their implications on the development and processing practices in the food industry. Secondly, we aim to be the first to establish a clear link between the structures of encapsulating raw materials (SDP and SDS) and the functionality of their complexes (WP2). Then, the delivery properties of ultrasound-assisted SDP-SDS complex nanoparticles will be investigated with SDPPs as a core material, and the effect of the formation mechanisms of biopolymeric nanofillers on their functionalities will be analysed (WP3). Finally, the therapeutic potential of SDBs-stabilised biopolymeric nanofillers for sustainable nanofood production with improved functionalities, bioaccessibility, and nutritional properties will be explored (WP4). The proposed project will eventually provide a novel pathway for European food product manufacturers to develop nutrient-packed nanofood products. Overall, efforts are being made to improve community health and well-being by utilising underutilised resources for nutritious food ingredients and economic circulation and advancing the goal of “sustainable production of food.”

Mots clés : seaweed biomass ultrasonication seaweed derived bioactives biopolymeric nanofillers functional nanofood systems sustainability

Participants :
- Université Aristote de Thessalonique (Grèce) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Teagasc (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 268568.64 €
Projet EpiHTStem (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

During the development of multicellular organisms, cells from the same niche can be stochastically exposed to different signals and stimuli, and this variability has the potential to create epigenetic heterogeneity across cell populations. Importantly, this heterogeneity can confer individual cells different functional properties or different capacities to respond to the same stimuli. During the last decade, multiple laboratories have reported the existence of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones with different functional behaviors that are transmitted to daughter cells. Very interestingly, these behaviors are transmitted to their progeny even after transplantation, suggesting that heritable epigenetic components are required to establish and maintain them. In this regard, some questions arise: Which epigenetic regulators are involved in the maintenance of these memories? Which regions associate with specific HSC fate memories? And, how heritable are different chromatin states in dividing HSCs? Until recently, we were very limited by the current technologies to answer these questions. Now, recent advances in single-cell lineage tracing, single-cell multiomics and ex-vivo HSC expansion cultures can be leveraged to provide a robust mechanistic understanding of clonal heritability of HSC fates and states. Consequently, this proposal aims to combine new lineage tracing techniques, multimodal single-cell sequencing and functional assays to: (1) create an atlas of clonally-heritable epigenetic states associated to specific functional HSC behaviors and (2) to identify epigenetic regulators that are required to maintain and transmit HSC memories associated with specific HSC fates.

Mots clés : cellular barcoding cell memory single cell analysis drug screening hematopoietic stem cells functional heterogeneity clonal analysis

Participants :
- Institut de recherche en biomédecine (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165312.96 €
Projet FOCUS4PFAS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The presence of toxic, carcinogenic and bioaccumulative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in our water cycle is one of the major challenges that the humanity is facing in the 21st century, and there are no established (waste)water treatment technologies capable of their degradation. Here, we will address this challenge by developing low-cost graphene sponge electrodes tailored to achieve efficient electrosorption/adsorption and subsequent electrochemical degradation of PFAS. Emphasis will be placed on the removal and degradation of more polar, shorter-chain (e.g., <C6) PFAS, as well as PFAS more recently introduced by the industry. Preliminary experiments performed in the host group demonstrate that graphene sponge electrodes are capable of defluorinating PFAS even in low-conductivity water. Given that they are electrochemically inert towards chloride, thus effectively overcoming a major limitation of electrooxidation processes –formation of toxic chlorinated byproducts, the progress made in this project on the functionalization and tailoring of graphene sponge electrodes for PFAS removal from water will enable a major leap towards a wide-scale implementation of electrochemical processes, and allow treatment even of the complex brackish, PFAS-laden waters. The applicant’s background on target and non-target/unknown analysis of organic contaminants in (waste)water using LC-HRMS, besides QSAR tools for the identification of toxicity alerts and the host group’s expertise on nanoelectrochemical system using low-cost reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based electrodes for water treatment will ensure the success of this project. FOCUS4PFAS will strengthen the research on chemical-free water treatment technology for complete defluorination of PFAS, including the very polar homologues, and their removal from the contaminated water. FOCUS4PFAS will provide new opportunities for decentralized (waste)water treatment, reuse, and source control of contaminated waste streams.

Mots clés : pfas defluorination electrooxidation reduced graphene oxide coated sponge electrochemical water treatment chlorine free electrochemical system

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165312.96 €
Projet PHASTER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Although antibiotic resistance is a major and growing public health concern, surveillance for the expansion of this phenomenon in environmental settings has not been fully explored. However, recent studies suggest that antibiotic resistance found in clinical settings may emerge from environmental sources. In fact, the environment is continually exposed to a wide variety of antimicrobials and their metabolites through wastewater treatment plant discharges, agricultural runoff, and animal feeding operations, which may contribute to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. It is therefore necessary to understand the mechanisms and factors that promote antibiotic resistance. The PHASTER project aims at exploring the presence, diversity, and abundance of bacteriophages in the environment. Particular points of interest will be the study of bacteriophages that lead to the mobilization of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their interaction with antibiotic compounds, even at extremely low concentrations, similar to those found in some aquatic environments. Mesocosm experiments will also be conducted to examine how bacterial communities respond to the presence of bacteriophages harbouring ARGs under stressful conditions, such as exposure to antibiotics. In order to reach these goals, a combination of metagenomics and bioinformatics approaches will be used to investigate the sources of ARGs, their environmental distribution and how anthropogenic inputs affect their spread. A better understanding of the mechanisms and factors that contribute to antibiotic resistance will permit the implementation of appropriate public health strategies, policies, and mitigation programs. Special attention will also be devoted to dissemination so that stakeholders and policy makers can benefit from PHASTER.

Mots clés : horizontal gene transfer, bacteriophages, antibiotic resistance, anthropogenic pollution

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165312.96 €
Projet JurRad (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Averostra is the major-group of theropod dinosaurs that includes Tetanurae and Ceratosauria, and it constitutes one of the most debated monophyletic groups within Theropoda, due to the unclear interrelationship of its basal members and the relationships between their major clades. From Early to Late Jurassic, an explosive radiation of Averostra happened, the Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction event probably being one of the major causes for the explosive evolution of theropods and the radiation of averostrans. The consequent rapid radiation following this extinction event and the increase of morphological changes might be closely related to high peaks of homoplasy in the basal nodes within these principal clades. These homoplastic peaks together with the fragmentary nature of the fossil record of the basal members could be the cause of the problematic phylogenetic relationship of its taxa. Through this research project, I aim to obtain a robust and synthetic view of the evolutionary drivers of the radiation of Averostra during the Jurassic, in order to explore when averostrans originated at the latest, and unravel the impact of the Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction on their radiation and how the different lineages were established in the aftermath. To achieve this goal, the most complete early members of the two main averostran lineages, Ceratosauria and Tetanurae, the probably late Early Jurassic species from Chubut (Argentina), Eoabelisaurus mefi and Asfaltovenator vialidadi, will be studied in detail. These taxa are exceptionally complete and show unique character combinations, which will be essential for reconstructing character transformations and the role of homoplasy in the early evolution of Averostra. The opportunity to lead my research to the origin of the most important lineage of Theropoda would imply the enhancement of my knowledge in this matter and the development of my paleontological career.

Mots clés : paleobiology, dinosaurs, mesozoic, extinction event, evolution

Participants :
- Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 152023.68 €
- Fundacion egidio feruglio (Argentine) — Partner, associated partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €