Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SATYRANDO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

“You are lying in your throat!” “Your father was a water carrier!” “You shouldn’t be talking to good women!” “Rotten prattler!” In Late medieval Italian cities, these and many other expressions were illegal. A citizen found uttering these words against another citizen would be taken to court and, if found guilty, punished. Lists of such ‘injurious words’ (verba iniuriosa) are found in government measures (statutes, legislation of decrees and ordinances). Many more are preserved in collections of criminal trial records (depositions, prosecutions, sentences and records of fines). SATYRANDO will be the first systematic investigation of the interconnections between this fascinating body of legal practices and thinking, and the Italian literary production of the time, a period generally referred to as the Late Middle Ages (mid-13th – end-15th century). In various ways jurisdiction over insult will illuminate the circumstances of production and reception of a variety of literary artefacts and theories. The action will change the way in which so-called the group of 'Playful Poets' are perceived and categorised in available scholarship – at school and university levels -, correcting the traditional notion that the use of aggressive, offensive language should be mainly interpreted as a rhetorical exercise or divertissment. By locating and describing those commentators, rhetoricians and poets who demonstrate an awareness of the legal risks involved in employing violent language, the action will also contribute to a better understanding of the development of the literary genre of satire and the history of concepts such as defamation, oppression of minorities (ie satire vs women and Jews in particular), freedom of speech, hate crimes and tolerance. An important part of SATYRANDO is to explore the broader impact of the reworked definition of satirical language by developing private and public dialogue with Italian and EU policy-makers, magistrates and satirists and cartoonists.

Mots clés : satire, criminal history of insults, medieval rhetoric, medieval jurisprudence, late medieval italy

Participants :
- University of Chicago (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Sapienza University of Rome (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 262269.0 €
Projet PHONON-VALVE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Much of the major technological breakthroughs occurring in the last few decades rely on our enhanced capability to control and manipulate two particles: electrons (both charge and spin) and photons. Achieving a similar degree of control over phonons would be extraordinarily valuable as we will be able to channel thermal energy at will –thus propelling new possibilities for energy management– as well as the development of a completely novel technology for logic, data storage devices and computing mechanisms based on phonons. The goal of this proposal is to design a conceptually new device: a phonon valve, a nanostructured system to control phonon transport at will by an external field. To carry out this idea we propose to use ferroelectric oxide materials as valves, in particular engineering suitable configurations of ferroelectric-ferroelastic domain walls in multilayer nanostructures. If successful, the realization of this project would represent a major qualitative leap forward in an emerging new technology: “Phononics”. Moreover, it will contribute to progress in the field of physics and properties of ferroic domain walls.

Mots clés : ferroelectrics, ferroic domain walls, phonon transport, phononics, epitaxial thin films

Participants :
- University of Santiago de Compostela (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 239191.2 €
- Cornell University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LYSOBONE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mucopolysaccharidosis-VI (MPS-VI) is a lysosomal storage disorder predominantly affecting skeletal remodelling and caused by pathogenic mutations in the ARSB gene, encoding the glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzyme arylsulfatase B. Preliminary analysis of Arsb-deficient mice unraveled a skeletal phenotype of similar severity and with lysosomal storage defects in different skeletal cell types. This Arsb-deficient mouse model therefore provides an excellent tool to understand the skeletal and non-skeletal pathologies related to MPS-VI and to address the clinically relevant question, if enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) can influence the existing (non-)skeletal pathologies in lysosomal storage disorders. Moreover, another major objective is to unravel the cellular consequences of Arsb-deficiency on a molecular level and to investigate mechanisms of ARSB uptake and lysosomal delivery in different primary cell types of Arsb-deficient mice. This project will therefore certainly generate knowledge with relevance for other (skeletal) disorders as well, as the cellular defects in MPS-VI are closely linked to that of two of the most prevalent disorders in the European Union, i.e. osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Next to its scientific goals, this proposal aims to offer a broad personal training program for me as a postdoctoral researcher as well. Handling this project will not only offer an intensive scientific training (intellectual-methodological), but also improve my skills regarding project management (administrative-financial) and writing. As a two-way transfer, my previously acquired knowledge on the genetics of skeletal disorders and related experimental skills will be transferred to the host organization. A final goal of this proposal is to disseminate the acquired data towards specialized scientific audiences (scientific conferences and publications) and propagate these data towards non-expert audiences (patient meetings, press releases) as well.

Mots clés : mucopolysaccharidosis vi, lysosomal storage disorders, skeletal remodelling, enzyme replacement therapy

Participants :
- Universität Hamburg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet MAIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mucosal Associated Invariant T cells (MAITs) represent an evolutionary conserved subset that express a semi-invariant TCR recognizing a new class of microbial metabolite antigens presented by the MHC class Ib molecule, MR1. In addition to their wide anti-microbial specificity, the high inter-species conservation of both MR1 and invariant TCR infers an important biological role for MAITs. MAITs are abundant in human blood (1-8 % of T cells), mucosa and liver (20-50%). After development in the thymus, MAITs reach the periphery where they acquire a memory phenotype and expand in a process that requires a commensal flora, indicating that MAITs play a role in host-commensals interactions. Admittedly MAITs blood frequency is modified in several pathologies in which dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been implicated such as IBD, MS, type 2 diabetes and obesity. MAITs were first described over 15 years ago by the Host lab, but the understanding of their development has remained limited because of their scarcity in laboratory mice. Here we will overcome this challenge by using a new mouse strain with increased frequency of polyclonal MAITs. Using my expertise acquired in the US and building on unique tools, we will: 1) Define MAITs lineage: we will use a transcriptomic approach together with dedicated transgenic mouse models to determine how MAITs selection leads to their specific differentiation program in the thymus. 2) Elucidate the mechanisms of MAITs peripheral expansion: we will use germ-free mice and modified bacteria to map the in vivo availability of MAITs ligands upon colonization with commensal microbes. The proposal will provide insights into an evolutionary conserved model of interactions between the adaptive immune system and the gut microbiota. By enabling me to permanently re-integrate the EU, this project will also guarantee transfer of technologies and creation of new bounds between the US and the EU, and will increase the EU competitiveness.

Mots clés : host commensals interactions, thymic selection

Participants :
- Institut Curie (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet Heart Fi-Re (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Multi-scale heart simulators for patient specific treatments are an important challenge for the development of the health system, but require interdisciplinary interaction of several techniques to link experimental observations at the molecular level to the cardiac performance. The mechanosensing (MS) mechanism active in the myosin thick filament, recently discovered, is promising for the understanding of several unresolved questions in muscle field, including the molecular basis of the Frank-Starling law of the heart. MS mechanism finely regulates the number of myosin motors ready to generate force, sensing the tension sustained by the thick filament in any stage of the heart cycle. The mechanism appears to be crucial for the fine regulation of muscle contraction, deserving as a second regulator respect the classical Calcium concentration. However, its theoretical description at present is limited to purely phenomenological models and very few groups in the world are already able to produce clear evidences on it. The present project aims at establishing a collaboration between researchers in this field with complementary theoretical and experimental expertise to quantitatively characterize the MS mechanism at the fibre level through an innovative mathematical model and experimentally validate it with cutting-edge techniques present in the host and partner institutes. The fibre model will be included into a powerful whole heart simulator, to evaluate the macroscopic impact of MS mechanism, and its predicted effects on clinical problems, including its recently discovered relationships with cardiomyopathies. The project will foster an international network of collaborations, where the host institution will be a crucial node. The complimentary knowledges and high excellence of the groups, is a firm foundation on which to build the impact of the project: at my career level, at the institutes level and also at the system level.

Mots clés : mechanosensing mechanism, myosin regulation, super relaxed state, frank starling law, heart, simulator

Participants :
- University of Padua (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276498.24 €
- RIKEN (Japon) — Partner, organization partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Multiple Sclerosis (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which affects 700,000 people in Europe, with total annual healthcare costs of over €27.3 billion. Current available treatments for progressive MS have modest effects on relapse symptoms but do not modify disease progression. Critically there are currently no licensed disease-modifying treatments for progressive MS. My strategy will represent a disease modifying treatment for progressive MS. I will fabricate and optimize the loading and release profile of the an anti-TNFR1 antibody from ROS-responsive collagen spheres, I will assess the biocompatibility, bioactivity, and neuroprotective effect of the anti-TNFR1 antibody functionalized ROS-responsive collagen hollow spheres in organotypic cerebral slice cultures. I will evaluate the efficacy of the anti-TNFR1 multifunctional spheres against chronic neurodegenerative pathology in a preclinical model of progressive MS that mimics the pathology seen in progressive MS patients. Progress to completion will be reviewed by a Research and Professional Development Plan which will provide both discipline-specific and complementary technical training and generic and complementary transferable skills training (intellectual property, leadership skills, motivation skills, communication skills, regulatory affairs, clinical trial design, reimbursement strategies, medical device evaluation and regulatory affairs). I will benefit from Prof Pandit’s and Dr John O’Dea’s (Crospon Limited) (inter-sectorial secondment) international collaborative network in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. This training will facilitate me to achieve my future career goals of achieving a position of professional maturity, diversity and independence by establishing my own research group at a leading European academic institution and enable me to translate innovative therapeutic interventions to the clinic setting.

Mots clés : functionalised biomaterials, tissue engineering, biomedical engineering, scaffolds

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175866.0 €
Projet CL_Exocytosis (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My PhD experience in the field of immunology focused on deciphering vesicular pathways underlying T cell activation profoundly motivated my move to Dr. Bryceson’s lab, which offers a unique opportunity to explore cytotoxic lymphocyte (CL) exocytosis in the context of human disease. Cytotoxic lymphocyte exocytosis is critical for life, with mutations in genes required for cytotoxicity causative of severe, early-onset hyperinflammatory syndromes. Genetic studies have identified several cytosolic proteins required for CL exocytosis. However, understanding of how these proteins cooperate for exocytosis, their interaction partners and how their activities are regulated is still limited. I propose strategies to gain insight to the molecular regulation of human CL exocytosis. First, prompted by genetic studies, I aim to study the contribution of two distinct Munc13-4 isoforms to lymphocyte cytotoxicity by dissecting their role in cytotoxic granule (CG) exocytosis using advanced live-cell imaging as well as identifying their interaction partners using quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). Second, recycling endosome (RE) have recently been implicated in CG exocytosis, delivering syntaxin-11, an effector molecule required for CG fusion, to the plasma membrane. I plan to use a high-throughput MS approach to identify RE constituents and cargo in order to define new components that may be critical for CG exocytosis. Results will provide novel mechanistic insights to CL exocytosis, which will also be relevant for other exocytic systems. Providing detailed molecular understanding of lymphocyte cytotoxicity in both healthy and pathological conditions, insights promise to guide improved diagnosis and therapy of immune disorders associated with defects in lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Yearning to build a successful academic career, the excellence of the host laboratory will allow me to successfully purse this project and expand technical expertise and my scientific horizon.

Mots clés : lymphocyte cytotoxicity, vesicular traffic, cytotoxic immune synapse, primary immunodeficiency, mass spectrometry analysis, advanced live cell imaging

Participants :
- Karolinska Institutet (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173857.2 €
Projet NanoBOOST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

My aim as an MSCA Individual Fellow is to tackle a devastating clinical orthopaedic challenge for which there is currently no reparative treatment, specifically osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs), by developing an advanced biomaterial technology to restore structural integrity and function of disease-damaged bone. The scientific goal of this proposal is to develop a novel therapeutic injectable nanomaterial technology for OVFs repair. This will be achieved through an innovative research project that aims to implement a transformative strategy utilising antioxidant-ion substituted nano-particles (a-NPs) to target disease impaired osteoblast function and drive bone regeneration. In addition, an innovative biomaterial strategy will be employed, combining mechanically robust nano-silicates with a bioresorbable collagen matrix for local controlled release of therapeutic a-NPs, as a pioneering advance for OVFs treatment. As an ambitious postdoctoral fellow, the training objective of this fellowship is to attain the requisite scientific and complementary skills to successfully achieve my long-term goal of establishing an independent research programme that will contribute to Europe’s research & innovation capacity and reputation. This will be achieved through the expert supervision and input of Dr Ciara Murphy (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland –RCSI), her colleagues in RCSI and collaborative research centre AMBER, and through research secondment with Prof Boccaccini (Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg). In addition, by managing the project, I will further develop skills relating to planning and reporting, financial management and dissemination. I will also avail of opportunities to supervise students in related projects. In summary, this Fellowship will provide invaluable help to establish an independent research niche in regenerative biomaterial development, while equipping me with the skills needed to embark on my independent research career.

Mots clés : bone regeneration, antioxidant nanoparticles, collagen hydrogels, osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Participants :
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet RecessionsHealth (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My postdoctoral project for the Marie-Sklodowska-Curie fellowship deals with recessions and health. The aim of the proposal is to provide a comprehensive analysis of how individual health is affected (both in the short and in the long-run) when recessions cause uncertainty on the labour-market. To achieve this aim, I will exploit two major recessions – the 2008 Great Recession and the 1990s Swedish recession – as well as particularly rich administrative data to answer two well-posed and policy-relevant questions: (1) Do individuals who experience major labour-market uncertainty during by recessions suffer from health disorders in the short-run? (2) Do recessions at career entry negatively affect health over the life-course – and in particular in the long-run? To adress these questions, the proposal will tackle two related and complementary specific objectives: (1) Analyse the short-term consequences of the drastic cuts in art subsidies in the Netherlands in the wake of the 2008 Great Recession – which triggered major labour market uncertainty in the art sector – on health outcomes for individuals in the art sector. (2) Investigate the long-run health effects of graduating in the 1990s Swedish Great recession using an innovative life-course perspective. Both the framework and the methodology used in these two projects are challenging and new. First, I exploit natural experiments as exogenous shocks on labour-market conditions, which allows deriving causal estimates. Second, I use particularly rich linked administrative data over long periods of time, which enables me to take a life-course perspective. I strongly believe that this unprecedented combination of the original concepts, the methodology, that is completely new to the field, and my particularly large and rich datasets will provide a completely new avenue to understand how individual health responding to labour-market uncertainty caused by recessions is affected, both in the short and long-run.

Mots clés : health economics

Participants :
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet ESCRT model (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My project focuses on the characterization of the mechanism of action of ESCRT-III complex. ESCRTs are evolutionary conserved proteins which mediate membrane remodeling and scission in a variety of important cellular processes, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including virus release and nuclear membrane repair during cancer cell migration. Despite intense research, many outstanding questions still remain unanswered, and all model proposed remain highly speculative. Based on our preliminary data, we propose a novel, unifying model for ESCRT-III function. The aim of the project is to provide solid data to support this model by an in vitro reconstitution approach, which would constitute a major contribution in the field. The concrete aims of my project are: - Characterization of the minimal ESCRT-III fission machinery - Characterization of the molecular mechanism leading to membrane fission by ESCRT-III complex - Characterization of the membrane requirements to obtain fission by ESCRT-III, in particular membrane curvature

Mots clés : escrt iii, membrane scission, cytokinesis, hiv budding, membrane repair, chmp, negative membrane curvature

Participants :
- Institut Curie (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €