Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SKALDIC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

SKALDIC studies the history of the Norwegian society during the period of conversion from pagansim to Christian religion through the analysis of court poetry composed during the conversion period (c. 970s to 1028 - during the reigns of Hákon Sigurðarson (970s-995), Óláfr Tryggvason (995-1000), the sons of Hákon (1000-1016) and Óláfr Haraldsson (1015-1028)). This period is particularly interesting, as it marked the end of the pagan Viking period and the beginning of a Christian society in Norway, a period characterized by profound religious, social, and cultural changes. The novelty of the project lies in the fact that the history of this period has earlier been studied mainly through archaeological findings and literary texts such as the sagas, but the court poetry has not been fully investigated by historians. In analyzing the poetry, SCALDIC applies a variety of methods from history, philology, archaeology and psychogenealogy and through this interdisciplinary approach SCALDIC has the potential to undiscover new elements of the conversion period in Norway. The scientific impact of the project lies thus in the fact that SCALDIC studies an unexplored facet of Norwegian history. During SCALDIC, the Experienced Researcher (ER) will largely benefit from his integration to the host institute, University of Bergen and from the experience of the supervisor, Prof. Kirsi Salonen, and Prof. emer. Else Mundal. He will receive training in Old Norse language and modern Norwegian as well as medieval palaeography. Furthermore, the ER will gain experience in teaching, project managment and publishing.

Mots clés : skaldic poetry, christianization, norway, kingship

Participants :
- Université de Bergen (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet MYOFORCE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Millions of years of natural evolution have refined cellular tissues into exceptionally sophisticated materials. Not only they present the widest spectrum of mechanical properties, but they also self-organize, generate forces at different scales, react to external stimuli, and self-heal. Exploiting the unique features of tissues to build biohybrid actuators is thus the new paradigm in soft robotics. Muscular (myo-) tissues, composed of myotubes, are highly contractile and have become the main choice for the design of biohybrid actuators, typically millimetric hydrogel objects embedding muscle cells. Importantly, due to a combination of factors, including a lack of control on myotube growth, poor integration of the myotubes with their environment, or slow nutrient perfusion, artificial muscular tissues have so far displayed significantly low efficiencies compared with natural muscle. Furthermore, current biohybrid actuators hinder both the characterization of myotubes’ architecture and the mapping of forces at the myotube scale. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new approach to prepare biohybrid actuators based on the control of myotube growth at the microscale. First, we propose a platform to grow myotubes with controlled size and shape, and to characterize their contractile behavior. By using this platform, I will be able to investigate the interplay between myotube architecture and force generation. Second, we propose a set of fine-tuned artificial scaffolds, which will guide myotube growth and self-integration, leading to active composites able to generate specific mechanical tasks. Finally, to tame the self-contractility of the active composites, optogenetically-modified myotubes will be incorporated, allowing external actuation with light. This proposal presents a novel experimental toolbox for controlling the shape of myotubes and mapping their forces at the micron scale, both key for designing efficient muscular micro-actuators.

Mots clés : mechanobiology, biophysics, soft robotics, biohybrid devices, myotubes, traction force microscopy, optogenetics, micropatterning, microfabrication

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 188037.27 €
Projet HerInt (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

How do immigrants engage with ancestral and new homeland heritage and what factors stand behind their heritage participation patterns? Can cultural heritage participation facilitate the process of immigrants´ integration, and if so, how? These are the central research questions addressed in this project, which has an ambition to contribute to Culture, Creativity and Inclusive Societies cluster of the Horizon Europe´s second pillar. Public institutions in European countries promote the heritage of immigrant minorities in various ways, as well as encourage the participation of immigrants in heritages of new homelands with a goal to enhance integration. While there has been quite extended scholarly attention to the institutional forms of minority heritage inclusion into the mainstream, the knowledge on the individual attitudes of immigrants regarding the participation in cultural heritage and its possible influence on immigrants´ integration to the new homeland is still limited. This presents a gap between theory and practice and herein lies the potential of HerInt action. The planned research aims at identifying the patterns of participation in cultural heritage by immigrants from Poland in Norway and from Ukraine in Poland and evaluating its influence on immigrants´ inclusion in the new homelands. HerInt therefore aims at bridging the gap between migration and heritage studies by addressing the relevance of cultural heritage participation patterns to the issues of integration of immigrants and initiates an interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial dialog between migration and heritage scholars and cultural heritage stakeholders. This aim is supported by supervisors with an expertise in both migration and heritage studies and the stay at their institutions: Professor Agata Górny, Centre for Migration Research at the University of Warsaw and Professor Jacek Purchla International Cultural Centre.

Mots clés : migration studies, heritage studies, integration of migrants, visual sociology, cee migration

Participants :
- Miedzynarodowe centrum kultury w krakowie (Pologne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Varsovie (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 155793.6 €
Projet JADES (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The distribution of matter within the Universe is defined by a complex multi-scale inter-connected network of filaments known as the cosmic web, with galaxy clusters (i.e., exceedingly dense regions) residing at its nodes. In the early universe (z>2), young forming clusters are observed as strong overdensities of gas-rich dusty starburst galaxies, becoming for a short time the dominant contribution to the star formation rate density before rapidly transitioning towards the massive quiescent population that dominates mature clusters only a few Gyrs later. However, the accompanying large amounts of dust (a byproduct of star formation) heavily obscure such transformative processes, challenging optical observations even with the HST and preventing us from obtaining an unambiguous view of stellar mass growth in early dense environments. The JADES project will overcome such obstacles for the first time by disentangling the star-forming and dust components using deep and high-resolution observations in the rest-frame NIR and (sub-)millimeter regime traced by approved JWST and already available ALMA programs in the legacy Spiderweb protocluster field at z=2.16. In particular, JADES will be the first to establish a full census of star-formation activities (obscured and unobscured) by using the dust-free Paβ star formation indicator (JWST) across the large-scale structure of this protocluster. JADES will also trace the distribution of dust-obscured star-forming regions within previously identified Subaru Hα emitters by making use of their Paβ/Hα ratio (Balmer decrement), and it will map and weight the dust and molecular gas content within individual objects (ALMA) establishing a direct comparison between the star-forming and dusty regions. Altogether, JADES will transform this field into the benchmark of environmental studies, becoming the cornerstone of present and future numerical simulations investigating the formation of structure and mass build-up at this cosmic epoch.

Mots clés : high redshift universe, observational astronomy ir

Participants :
- Institut d'astrophysique des Canaries (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165312.96 €
Projet TraNSLate (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Central regions of galaxies are inhabited by dense small structures, such as nuclear star clusters (NSCs) and nuclear disks and rings. These, at the bottom of the galactic potential well, are important tracers of the overall galaxy evolution, but the dominant mechanisms of their formation in galaxies of different masses and morphologies are still unclear. The TraNSLate project (Tracing galaxy evolution with Nuclear Structures in Late-type galaxies) will shed light on this issue, combining high-resolution zoom-in cosmological simulations with state-of-the-art integral-field spectroscopy observations. TraNSLate will be conclusive on the role of gas accretion and inflow followed by nuclear in-situ star formation, and stellar accretion and migration to the center of a galaxy. First, I will quantify the relative contribution of these processes in the central regions of 50 simulated galaxies. I will identify potential nuclear structures and unveil how they formed going back in time to previous snapshots of simulations. Secondly, I will focus on NSCs in observations of eight massive late-type galaxies (so far poorly studied), and their properties will be interpreted with the help of recipes provided by simulations. Finally, since higher resolution than current state of the art is needed to detect the smallest NSCs, TraNSLate will deliver one NSC-oriented pilot simulation, with a factor of 10 higher resolution, and a detailed plan for a future complete run of 20 more simulations. The TraNSLate project will be carried out at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias under the supervision of Dr. C. Brook, expert on theoretical studies on the formation of galactic structures in a cosmological context. The theoretical expertise of the supervisor and the host research group is very complementary to my observational background, and with this fellowship I will acquire a complete, versatile and mature profile as a scientist, in a position to pursue long-term leadership positions.

Mots clés : galactic nuclei, stellar kinematics and populations, multiphase gas properties, cosmological simulations, integral field spectroscopy observations

Participants :
- Institut d'astrophysique des Canaries (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 181152.96 €
Projet CRYOMICS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The melting of the cryosphere is among the most conspicuous consequences of climate change, and a significant source of freshwater to the Southern Ocean (SO). As a crucial sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), anticipated physical changes in the Southern Ocean will bring modifications to its biogeochemical processes and role in the Earth climate. Predicted increases in iron and nutrient influx to the SO surface waters are likely to impact its primary production and contribution to biological carbon export. However, there remains uncertainty about the significance and magnitude of these projections on primary producers, with likely consequences on the rest of the marine ecosystem. CRYOMICS aims to characterise and quantify the fate of cryospheric exported bioavailable nutrients, trace metals and carbon on phytoplankton utilisation pathways with broader implication on the functioning of the biological carbon pump in the KHS. We hypothesise that biogeochemical enrichment from melting ice shelves leads to a direct positive response of the phytoplankton and sea ice algae community, enhancing its productivity and metabolic functions while favouring larger-celled species such as diatoms. Focusing primarily on the understudied Kong Håkon VII Sea (KHS) in the Eastern Weddell Gyre, along a unique cryosphere-ocean continuum, CRYOMICS combines intensive sampling, biogeochemical analyses and metagenomics to systematically understand the structure and function of microbiomes in marine ecosystems associated with the cryosphere and amidst contemporary changes. Through the support of the MSCA, this project will provide a coordinated and comprehensive dataset of this region of the Southern Ocean, shedding light on microbial interactions and their potential vulnerabilities to perturbations, a dimension currently lacking in climate models. This invaluable insight will enhance our understanding of future projections for the Southern Ocean, including its impact on Antarctic Sea ice.

Mots clés : cryosphere southern ocean primary production nutrients iron metagenomics functional traits

Participants :
- Norsk Polar Institutt (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet SEASOL (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Marine chemical pollution poses known threats to human health and to biodiversity, ecosystem and societal services. The Arctic is a major sink of global mercury (Hg) pollution. Arctic sediments, sea and glacial ice constitute vast Hg reservoirs. Recent studies raise concerns about their increasing role as local Hg sources. In a rapidly warming Arctic, the consequences of potentially increased environmental Hg on marine biota remain unknown. The objective of SEASOL is to identify the pathway(s) of Hg bioaccumulation in marine food webs of the High Arctic Kongsfjorden (Svalbard). This changing glacial fjord is recognised as a ‘natural laboratory’ of climate change in the Arctic. The fellow’s earlier research has shown the sole measurement of Hg levels as insufficient to connect biotic Hg dynamics to environmental change, whereas the analysis of Hg stable isotopes proved to be a promising tool for source discrimination and biotic transfer. SEASOL will build on the novel application of stable isotope analysis to identify the sources of Hg within the fjord system and the pathways to Hg accumulation within sentinel marine species. On the short-term, the study will provide fundamental knowledge to help understand how emerging sources of Hg from rapid environmental change will impact Arctic marine predators. On the long-term, SEASOL will contribute to the development of early-warning, adaptive management strategies, including modelling, for mitigating the cumulative impact of pollutants and climate change on Arctic marine species. This multidisciplinary approach and the central position of the host institution (Norwegian Polar Institute) in the field of Polar Research will equip the Fellow with a broad set of new skills and lay the foundation for building her specific niche as a future leader in marine pollution science.

Mots clés : arctic hg stable isotopes kongsfjorden climate change marine food web mitigation

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Norsk Polar Institutt (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 226751.04 €
Projet STRELIM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Controlling free-electron wave functions with light has recently emerged as a powerful approach to gaining unprecedented space-time resolution in imaging and manipulating the nanoworld. However, control over the electron wave function has so far been limited to specific low-dimensional spaces, such as the transverse plane, the temporal profile, or the energy distribution. In contrast, accessing multiple dimensions simultaneously remains a complex challenge, which I intend to tackle through this project. The first goal of my project is to search for exotic structures of quantum free-electron waves in high dimensions, exhibiting topological textures and defects beyond a simple vortex. To this end, I will draw inspiration from optical waves to create structured quantum waves that are free-electron solutions of the Dirac equation. In a second goal, I aim to explore the control of free-electron wave functions based on the interaction with structured light to unveil new capabilities enabled by recent advances in spatial or spatiotemporal light shaping, which can, in turn, produce previously inaccessible electron waves. In a third goal, I will explore the use of photonic metamaterials to control free-electron wave functions, capitalizing on an enlarged set of degrees of freedom in the design of metamaterial and the subsequent control of optical fields, which is expected to translate into an enhanced ability to manipulate electron wave functions in spatial, temporal, or spatiotemporal domains. This study should expand the current boundaries of free-electron science and technology through a multidisciplinary approach, pushing beyond current capabilities to unprecedented limits of spatiotemporal resolution, impacting the design of more compact and versatile electron sources (e.g., a deterministic single-electron emitter), and shedding light on multidimensional information comprising space, time, momentum, and spin degrees of freedom.

Mots clés : free electrons, structured light, nanophotonics, quantum waves

Participants :
- Institute of Photonic Sciences (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 194074.56 €
Projet DecoXtreme (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

One of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics is the superposition principle, which allows a quantum object to be in two classically distinguishable states “at the same time”. Levitated objects, like nanoparticles, are an exciting platform to put the superposition principle at test, with simultaneously large masses and delocalization distances. Recently, in 2020 and 2021, the center of mass motion of a levitated nanoparticle was experimentally cooled down to the quantum regime. To achieve this milestone, the experiment had to be performed in extreme isolation conditions (e.g., ultra-high vacuum). Now the field faces the challenge to promote the high-purity quantum ground state cooled state of the nanoparticle to a more complex quantum state, which can be subsequently used for applications. DecoXtreme, is a multidisciplinary study devoted to provide the theoretical framework that allows to push the experiments with levitated nanoparticles deep in the quantum regime, by improving the current theoretical description of decoherence, envisioning strategies to mitigate its effects, and certifying the quantum properties of the observed quantum phenomena. To achieve this goal, we propose to promote the description of decoherence to move beyond the memoryless and continous noise approximations, to design decoherence protected states exploiting collective properties of levitated objects, and to analyze how to quantumness has to be certified in extreme isolation conditions. If successful, our rigorous theoretical analysis combined with the corresponding experimentally realistic constraints will uncover the path to longer lifetimes for quantum superpositions and, ultimately, lead to a better understanding of the nature of quantum phenomena.

Mots clés : decoherence, open quantum systems

Participants :
- Académie autrichienne des sciences (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 199440.96 €
- Institute of Photonic Sciences (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ATOMAG (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A central goal within quantum optics is to realize novel light-matter interfaces that enable efficient, controlled, and complex interactions between photons and atoms (or atom-like emitters) which is imperative for many emerging quantum applications. Current state-of-the-art paradigms include waveguide QED systems, where emitters are interfaced with structured photonic environments. Here one has exquisite control over the dimensionality, spatial structure and dispersion of the photonic guided modes, enabling new regimes of light-matter interactions with no analog in free space. However, in a quest for ultimate control, it is unfortunate that one cannot manipulate photons directly with electromagnetic gauge fields due to their lack of charge. This fundamental limitation has inspired various ways of engineering synthetic gauge fields for photons. Among these, one tantalizingly straightforward approach has emerged from graphene physics, where it has been shown that strain deformations of the membrane translate into pseudo-gauge fields in the effective Dirac Hamiltonian. ATOMAG is an interdisciplinary project that seeks to unveil pseudo-magnetic and pseudo-electric fields as fundamentally new elements in the quantum optics toolbox, enabling new regimes of light-matter interactions beyond conventional (periodic) waveguide QED systems. Combining this with the intrinsic nonlinearity of atoms, we will propose novel light-matter interfaces which could have important implications for the processing of quantum information, quantum communication and quantum simulation of many-body physics. Since pseudo-gauge fields can be generated by a simple, static variation of the system parameters, these novel light-matter interfaces should be imminently realizable.

Mots clés : photons, atom arrays, light matter interactions, pseudo magnetic fields, graphene, landau levels, dirac points, strain engineering, metasurfaces, waveguide qed, cavity qed, many body physics

Participants :
- Institute of Photonic Sciences (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 181152.96 €