Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PRIMASE_NMR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The replication of DNA and therefore of the genetic information is realized at the molecular level in three steps: helicases open the DNA, primases initiate the replication and polymerases use this primer to duplicate the DNA strand. The precise mechanism of action of primases has up to now remain quite elusive and thus a better understanding of how primase works would be of great interest to fully understand the process of DNA replication. Primases are classed into two groups, bacterial and archeal/eukaryal, and some archeal primase have the particularity to carry their biological function without requiring the association in a larger molecular complex, making them an accessible target to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In this project we propose to exploit the unique capacity of NMR spectroscopy for determining structure and dynamics of biomolecules in solution to investigate the ORF904 primase, free and in complex with its DNA template and the cofactors necessary for primer synthesis. We aim to characterize how this system assembles and to provide an atomic resolution picture of its mechanism of action, just before the creation of the first phosphodiester bound that initiate primer formation. We will also investigate the conformational changes occurring during the primer synthesis using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Spectroscopic and computational innovative approaches will be developed to describe this complex dynamic system and complementary integrative structural biology will be used to support our findings. By this study we aim to provide an accurate description of a primase accomplishing its biological function and therefore significantly deepen our knowledge of DNA replication. This in turn could be used in cancer biology to develop new therapeutic approaches.

Mots clés : primase, replication, protein dna complex, primer, molecular dynamics, molecular biology, conformation, dynamics, structure

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175419.6 €
Projet PHOTO ORGANO-Ir CAT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The requirement for drug discovery to facilitate the identification of successful lead candidates has challenged synthetic chemists to develop innovative strategies to rapidly generate screening collections of chiral molecules. Recently, the application of asymmetric aminocatalysis to cascade reactions has addressed this target enabling extraordinary levels of sophistication and stereocontrol, while fulfilling the requirements for both atom and step economy. Because of the rapid progress achieved, the general perception is that it would be difficult to further expand the synthetic potential of the aminocatalytic cascade approach. However, recent works from the host´s laboratories demonstrate that, by exploiting the photochemical activity of organocatalytic intermediates, light irradiation unlocks reaction pathways unavailable in the ground-state domain. In particular, by bringing a catalytically generated iminium ion to an electronically excited state, it is possible to perform β-functionalisations of enals not achievable under thermal control. This proposal seeks to capitalise upon this novel reactivity to further expand the synthetic potential of the organocatalytic cascade technique, by providing new opportunities for reaction invention. We plan to accomplish this by exploiting the photochemistry of iminium ions in processes that synergistically combine enamine chemistry with transition metal catalysis, thus merging, for the first time, tandem organo-metal catalysis with asymmetric photoreactions. The planned research combines perfectly the host´s expertise in photochemical organocatalysis with the fellow´s experience in transition metal catalysis. These enantioselective cascade reactions will be used for the synthesis of chiral molecules of biological interest. The libraries generated will serve as a platform for the design and development of potential drug candidates. The biological evaluation will be undertaken in collaboration with an international recognized

Mots clés : cascade processes, aminocatalysis, drug development, biological testing, iridium catalysis, iminium ion photoexcitation, enantioselective catalysis, photochemical reaction, synergistic enamine, metal catalysis

Participants :
- Institut Català d'Investigació Química (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet Readers as Observers (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research action at the University of Oslo (UiO) takes its starting point from the striking appeal to the reader's visual perception in contemporary multimodal novels. Drawing on state-of-the-art research in interdisciplinary narratology, cognitive linguistics, and visual semiotics, the project analyses the strategies that enable multimodal novels to assign an observer role to the reader and present a narrative agent or the book itself as a 'co-observer' on eye-level. While research on contemporary English-language multimodal novels has laid important analytical groundwork, a more diachronic as well as comparative perspective remains a desideratum. The first objective of the project is thus to develop a comparative analytical model based on several case studies of German- and English-language multimodal novels and contrastive corpora of historical multimodal print media such as illustrated magazines. The notion of the reader-observer constitutes the model's nucleus since it allows to systematically address the textual strategies that 'materialise' the narration and appeal to the reader's (mental) eye. Building on this model, the second objective is to contribute on a larger scale to the seminal field of cognitive narratology and further its consideration of media and genre-historical contexts. To achieve these goals, the project draws on the innovative and interdisciplinary research environment at UiO's Faculty of Humanities and brings together experts from narratology, cognitive science, media studies and book history. The project's activities will includes a research workshop on "Reader Response, Joint Attention, and Multimodality", an international conference on "Readers as (Co-)Observers in Multimodal Print Media" and several public Round Table events at Oslo's House of Literature.

Mots clés : narratology, cognitive narratology, multimodality, text image relations, mental imagery, visualisation, storyworld building, reader response, materiality, illustrated periodicals

Participants :
- University of Oslo (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196400.4 €
Projet TraLA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research aim of this Fellowship is to advance scholarly and public understanding of Europe’s role in the history of pre-modern science and the precise nature of its intellectual debts to the Islamic world. It will do so thorough investigating the development of medieval European astronomy in the watershed period from 1000 to 1250 based on an analysis of unpublished or neglected sources. The two interlocking themes of this investigation will be (i) the role of observation in medieval astronomy and (ii) the ways in which Latin astronomers assimilated new knowledge from Islamic sources as well as their motivations for doing so. In order to address these questions, the Researcher, Philipp Nothaft, will be based at the History Department of Trinity College Dublin, where he will work under the supervision of Dr. Immo Warntjes, an expert in medieval scientific manuscripts. The duration of the fellowship is 24 months, during which time the Researcher will acquire transferable skills in the areas of Digital Humanities, manuscript research, and research project management. He will also be able to gain experience in academic teaching and receive further training through programmes provided by TCD’s Centre for Academic Practice & eLearning (CAPSL) and Research Development Office. Together, these measures will fundamentally improve his career prospects and employability. The fellowship will be critical in enabling the Researcher to acquire the research and professional expertise necessary to attain his career goal of becoming an international leader in research on the history of science in pre-modern Europe.

Mots clés : history of science, history of astronomy, astronomical instruments, observation, empiricism, knowledge transfer, islamic influence on europe, knowledge in translation

Participants :
- Trinity College Dublin (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet REGAIN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research project aims to investigate the formation of non-standard regions and the activation of multi-level governance practices induced by EU-led territorial cooperation instruments. It identifies four types of non-standard regions (micro, cross-border, off-shore and macro) that correspond to 4 EU instruments (CLLD, EGTC, maritime spatial planning, and Macro-regional strategy). They constitute a programmatic domain in which the EU is advocating a new regionalism agenda, which is based on the construction of new territorialised polities engaged in regional development and planning actions beyond formal administrative boundaries, from municipal to national ones. These new regional polities present an extensive variety of socio-institutional dynamics, committed to thematic or political objectives, and policy delivery channels. The scope of the project is to evaluate whether the tailoring of these regional polities contribute to address more appropriately socio-ecological regions, to activate cultural-cognitive understanding of new functional territories, to conceive more efficient spatial planning and development strategies. The project investigates one case-study region per each instrument, with a primary attention to two areas: a new micro-region and a cross-border region, which will be evaluated in relation to their overlapping/interaction with off-shore and macro-regions. Moreover, the fellowship poses the basis for a cutting-edge research program that explores the socio-cultural, political and institutional construction of these new territorialised polities; investigates their socio-institutional efficiency; makes explicit the characteristics of a renewed EU-led regionalism agenda; and clarifies the limits and the opportunities that a regionalism agenda on non-standard region has in addressing the challenges of contemporary Europe and its regional dynamics.

Mots clés : regionalism, non standard region, territorial cooperation, institutionalism, clld, egtc, macro region, maritime spatial planning, european spatial planning, territorial polity, territorialisation

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet BNSmergers (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research project will pave the way for a better understanding of the binary neutron star (BNS) merger process with a view on the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) signals. To achieve this goal, a large number of numerical relativistic simulations will be used to improve and develop GW models and to compute EM counterparts of BNS mergers. For the first time it is possible to investigate systematically the BNS parameter space, because the total mass, mass-ratio, eccentricity, spin, and the equation of state (EOS) can be varied simultaneously. I will perform numerical simulation of generic BNS systems with the focus on precessing configurations, i.e.~those where the spin of the neutron stars is not aligned with the orbital angular momentum. Based on the numerical simulations, semi-analytical models for the GW signal will be constructed. This is of great importance for GW astronomy, because although a GW from a BNS system may be detected any time in the next years, essential tools needed for the scientific exploitation of such events and determination of the elusive EOS are still missing. In addition to GW modeling, I will compute electromagnetic (EM) counterparts produced during the merger of the two neutron stars. Knowledge about the influence of the binary parameters on the GW and the EM signals allows to combine two independent observational methods, which crucially supports the emergent field of multi-messenger astronomy.

Mots clés : neutron stars, gravitational waves, numerical relativity, multimessenger astronomy

Participants :
- Dutch Research Council (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet TIM-Adrastea (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research project “Thinking in Images. Herder’s Adrastea from 1801-03 up to today” will focus on the notion of thinking in images, which has a non-marginal position in the history of philosophy and science. Thinking in images means to refer, at the same time, to a complex system of forms and meanings, which continually changes itself and never follows a time sequence or a causal order. This is what distinguishes this special form of thinking from the logical sequence, from the reasoning by concepts. Analogies, metaphors, myths are only few examples of the way this ‘visual representation’ works. Such a kind of thinking characterises the children’s thought, mnemonic processes, dreams, mental illnesses, hallucinations; but also, it is possible to find it in the poetry, in mythologies and religions, in mystical visions, as well as in scientific visualisations and in the arts. We will try in this study to clarify the concept of thinking in images and to highlight its value within society and culture. The starting point of the research is one of the most significant authors in the history of philosophy and culture, J.G. HERDER (1744-1803). The researcher’s aim will be to make an Italian translation and a critical edition of the Adrastea (1801-1803), the last and most neglected of HERDER’s works. The researcher will show the importance of this work as regards the author’s position about this topic, thinking in images and will prepare a monography. HERDER edited this magazine the last years of his life and conceived it as a kind of fragmentary encyclopaedia, touching many aspects of the cultural life of his time (from politics to religion, from philosophy to science, from literature and music to esotericism and mystics). From this starting point, researcher will be able to start a multidisciplinary discussion on the topic through the organisation of seminars, workshop and international conferences with the involvement of scholars of different fields of research.

Mots clés : thinking in images, imagination, german philosophy, history of culture, history of science, history of the eighteenth century, herder, kant, swedenborg, dreams, memory, myth, weimarer klassik

Participants :
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet REGUCB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research proposed for this fellowship is a study of the establishment of national and European regulation on Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) biobanking in a comparative perspective (the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain) and with an in-depth analysis of the implementation of regulation in the everyday practice of UCB practi-tioners, through a bi-national comparison in the UK and Italy. The first scientific aim is to offer an empirically grounded understanding of how regulations and their practical implementation influence the conducting of biosci-entific research and shape the structuring of different bioeconomy regimes in UCB science and clinical applica-tion. The second scientific aim is to contribute to the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) by develop-ing an analytical approach combining macro-analysis on policy-making and regulations with meso- and micro-level analyses on the practical accomplishment of enacting regulations in everyday research practices, for offering a more comprehensive understanding of governance and policy-making in the field of biomedicine which inte-grate the role of structural factors with that of the agency of actors involved. Given the importance assigned by the European Union to the development of stem cell research and the coordination of biobanks, the proposed research aims also to offer useful policy suggestions for improving the harmonization and optimization of the EU circuit of supply of UCB units for biological research and medical applications. I will diffuse to practitioners and regulators the findings of the research related to the comparative analysis on national regulations, on the ways in which these interact with the EU directives and on how practitioners manage and enact compliance with national regulations, international directives and the exigencies of the global circulations of biomedical objects, standards, and proto-cols in biobanking.

Mots clés : biobanks, bioeconomy, umbilical cord blood, regulations

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet BHLOC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research proposed here is principally aimed at computing the full quantum entropy of black holes in string theory, especially in scenarios with reduced supersymmetry, by using localisation to evaluate supersymmetric path integrals. As an additional feature, we shall also explicate how more refined information about quantum black holes, rather than just the total number of microstates, may be extracted by these means. We shall further explicate the recently noticed appearance of mock modular forms in computations of black hole entropy in string theory.

Mots clés : black holes in string theory, cft correspondence

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet ACCLIM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research proposed in this project is focused on the study of one of the most challenging and potentially-dangerous impacts of climate in European societies: the mortality associated with environmental temperatures in the current context of global warming. The research objectives of the proposal are (i) the description of the dependency between counts of deaths and climate variables contributing to increased body stress, (ii) the inference of future projections of mortality under scenarios of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, (iii) the study of the effect of adaptation measures on these projections, and (iv) the development of an early warning system of mortality risk as a climate service for European societies. During the implementation of all these objectives, the main results and conclusions of the research will be communicated to the general public and disseminated in specialized circles within and outside the research field. The research and methodology here proposed are clearly innovative, given that the project will integrate climate information and tools with unprecedented high-quality mortality and sociodemographic data in a multidisciplinary approach that will take into account the degree of adaptability of human societies and individuals to scenarios of increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. In this sense, the design of the proposal clearly fits into the main guidelines and objectives defined by the European Commission in the work programme of the initiative Horizon 2020, which contributes to the generation of climate services that provide useful guidance to health care systems, governments and policy makers throughout Europe.

Mots clés : europe, climate change, temperature, heat wave, cold spell, mortality, human health, body stress, adaptation, mitigation, early warning system, climate services, sociodemographic factors

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet WECARMON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The research topic of WECARMON deals with biomedical signal processing, specifically, the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals for cardiorespiratory system assessment. WECARMON’s main objective is to develop novel system for early non-invasive detection of clinical destabilizations of patients with chronic respiratory diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Its innovative nature is based on two main tools: 1) a long-term (months) wearable ECG device which uses dry electrodes which causes no skin irritation and which are placed in a left leadless armband, and 2) signal processing techniques for estimating respiratory rate and volumes from ECG which are robust against artefacts generated by movements during daily life. Chronic respiratory patients are affected by destabilizations (or “exacerbations”) which makes them to seek medical help and often lead to their hospitalization. Exacerbations can start quickly (in minutes to hours) and they are one of the main causes of mortality among patients with COPD and asthma which are the two most common chronic respiratory diseases, affecting millions of children and adults. Among the wide range of applications of a wearable cardiorespiratory monitor related to intensive care units, respiratory disorders and health monitoring, the chosen application of WECARMON is the daily ECG and respiratory monitoring in COPD and asthma patients for early detection of exacerbations allowing a better prognosis of the patient and a reduction of financial costs to society. WECARMON can be divided in 2 phases: 1) Development of a long-term (months) wearable ECG and respiration monitor, and 2) Development of an automatic algorithm for early detection of COPD and asthma exacerbations, based on cardiorespiratory parameters (e.g., heart and respiratory rates, tidal volume, minute ventilation).

Mots clés : biomedical signal processing, electrocardiography, respiration, wearable devices

Participants :
- University of Connecticut (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Universidad de Zaragoza (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 257191.2 €