Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CSASG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The present project regards the development of ancient Syriac grammar, in its connection with the Greek model diffused in the Middle East during the Late Antiquity and with the Arabic linguistic theories developed in the Middle Ages. The aim of the project is to promote a new unprejudiced approach to the study of Syriac grammatical texts, developing a text-based methodology that could in principle be applied to the ancient grammars of any linguistic tradition. The action proposed is a comparative study of the grammatical works by three prominent Syriac grammarians of the 12th-13th (Bar Zu‘bi, Bar Shakko and Barhebraeus) in their mutual correlations and in their relationship with the Greek and Arabic grammatical models. The research will be conducted with a text-based approach, following an inductive method, beginning from the reading and translation of the grammatical works of the three authors involved. The grammars will be hence analysed according to the following main criteria: inter-textual connections (concerning terminology, literary examples and quotations), theoretical framing of the linguistic phenomena described. The project includes the creation of an open source on-line database of Syriac grammatical manuscripts. This is an indispensable research tool in the field of Syriac grammars, due to the scarcity of complete and up-to-date editions and translations of the original texts. The final goal of the research is to produce a monograph illustrating the linguistic content of ancient Syriac grammars, both from the point of view of the description of language structure and of the history of scientific thinking.

Mots clés : syriac grammar, syriac linguistics, comparative linguistic studies, syriac codicology, barhebraeus  linguistic thinking, west  and east syrians

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet MicroPEAT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The present proposal aim at understanding microbial role in peatland sensitivity to climate change at a Global Scale. Peatlands represent one of the most important terrestrial carbon pools, despite they only cover 3% of the earth’s surface they store one third of all terrestrial carbon. This ecosystem has shown to be sensitive to different disturbances in terms of their carbon storage capacity and it is expected a huge CO2 and CH4 release as well as an increase in dissolved organic carbon exportation to freshwater systems, due to climate change. Peatlands cover large extensions in arctic and temperate zones, but they are also present in tropical regions were their ecology and functioning is almost unknown. Due to the valuable peatland role as carbon sink there has been many intents to find out the effect of global change on their functioning, however we are still far to totally comprehend and predict this effect, existing important unsolved questions on the role of microbial decomposer communities (Fungi, Bacteria and Archaea), the structure-function relationship, and so far, none study has assessed the climate change impact at global scale. In order to fill these gaps I propose to survey the microbial communities in Arctic, Temperate and Tropical peatlands and test how differences in origin-legacy can drive peatlands sensitivity to drought events. The proposed methodology is an interdisciplinary approach (combining molecular thechniques, ecosystem measurements and biogeochemistry) with three big components: 1) initial field work study to systematically assess microbial communities from the 3 regions; 2) a microcosm experiment to test the effect of drought (water table reduction) on peatland functioning; 3) a secondment in a drinking water company to put into a management context the results, as these companies are interested in the by-product formation problem thanks to the DOC enhancing in water supplies due to the loss of peatlands storage capacity.

Mots clés : peatlands, extracellular enzyme activities, fungi, bacteria, archaea, global change, drought

Participants :
- Bangor University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet COMBPDCHEMOTHERAPY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The present proposal aims to enhance the competences, the scientific and innovative potential of the experienced researcher in the field of the emerging non-invasive treatment of a variety of cancer tumour types called photodynamic therapy (PDT). This approach induces tumour cells necrosis and/or apoptosis by a combination of a photosensitising drug (PS) capable of absorbing within the body’s therapeutic window (620–850 nm), a light source (e.g.,a laser) of an appropriate wavelength and molecular oxygen. To further advance the novel PDT treatment, the design, synthesis and characterisation of new photosensitizers with improved efficiency and side effect profiles is needed, together with a more thorough and integrated understanding of the multitude of targets/actions so far ascribed to PDT. In this field, the information that can be gained from modern theoretical methods is very useful, since several crucial chemical and physical properties of candidate photosensitizers can be accurately predicted from first principles by various computational techniques, contributing to increase the understanding of the entire photochemical pathways involved. The “a priori” knowledge of a series of properties can be considered a basic requirement before proceeding to the synthesis, chemical-physical characterisation and in vitro and in vivo tests, thus orienting experimental planning and avoiding expensive and time-consuming experiments. The project attempts to investigate members of a novel and very interesting class of bioactive molecules of interest as anti-cancer agents, consisting of a light-absorber chromophore (PS) and a cisplatin-like unit. The two-component conjugates combine the cytostatic activity of the platinum moiety in the dark, and upon irradiation, the photodynamic action of the sensitizer. Such systems could address the restrictions of Pt-based complexes and provide a target for PDT agents, while maintaining efficient DNA binding and photocleaving properties.

Mots clés : photodynamic therapy, anticancer drugs, cisplatin like compounds

Participants :
- École nationale supérieure de chimie de Paris (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet GLYMPHARMA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The prevalence of neurological diseases in the world is greatly increasing. However, drug development for central nervous system (CNS) diseases is difficult due to its protected nature behind the blood-brain barrier. The recently discovered glymphatic pathway consists of a para-arterial cerebrospinal fluid influx path and a para-venous interstitial fluid clearance route, coupled through convective flow of interstitial fluid supported by astrocytic aquaporin 4 (Aqp4) water channels. This macroscopic waste clearance system activates during sleep or anaesthesia. It also facilitates brain-wide distribution of endogenous compounds. Its function may explain the importance of sleep to mammals. GLYMPHARMA proposes that the glymphatic system essentially affects the concentrations of drugs in the CNS and that it can be exploited to facilitate CNS drug availability. Enhancing glymphatic fluxes have already been shown to increase the availability of CNS-targeted antibodies in deep brain structures. Studies will be performed at University of Copenhagen, Nedergaard lab, known for the discovery of the glymphatic system. I will use three state-of-the-art techniques to study glymphatic pharmacokinetics in mice: microdialysis to measure free drug concentrations, novel mass spectrometric techniques enabling spatial resolution, and microPET imaging to measure real-time 3D drug movements. Several glymphatic modulators (anaesthesia, sleep, Aqp4 knockout mice) will be used. GLYMPHARMA will be an excellent opportunity for my career development and it will facilitate real two-way knowledge transfer. I will be trained by the world-leading experts in the field. GLYMPHARMA will interest both basic researchers and clinicians and may impact the everyday life of citizens. The study may lead to the discovery of a novel drug delivery route and it may increase efficacy and safety of current drug therapies. These studies will lay the basis on our understanding of glymphatic pharmacokinetics.

Mots clés : glymphatic system, pharmacokinetics, drug delivery, neurodegenerative diseases, anaesthesia, opioids

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet METACIL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The primary cilium (PC), a ubiquitous microtubule (MT)-based organelle that protrudes from the apical surface of most human cells, is essential for transducing signals required for growth control. Many cancers, including prostate cancer, exhibit near- complete loss of cilia during the early stages of oncogenic transformation. Novel strategies are urgently needed to treat the most aggressive and worst prognosis prostate cancers, the most common cancer and 2nd leading cause of cancer death for men. The host lab data indicate that the hypoxia-induced cleaved form of the mitochondrial outer membrane channel VDAC1 is a critical regulator of both glycolysis and ciliogenesis. This proposal seeks to delineate the molecular mechanisms involved in the cross-talk between metabolic reprogramming and PC in hypoxia in prostate cancer (PCa) models according to the following workpackages (WP): WP1 addresses 1) the relevance of VDAC1 in the interplay between metabolism and ciliogenesis in PCa in hypoxia and 2) the identification of key regulators (i.e key glycolytic enzymes) of both PC signaling and metabolism. WP2 investigates the close proximity between VDAC1 and PC and test the hypothesis that some mitochondria serve as an alternative microtubule organizing center. The structural and molecular determinants required for MT to emanate from mitochondria and their functional relevance in response to hypoxia will be defined. This WP combine state-of-the art expansion microscopy, in vitro and in silico techniques and will benefit of the scientific expertise from both the host lab and my personal networks. WP3 targets the discovery of ligands that bind specifically at the interface of VDAC1 and MT nucleation complexes to disrupt the interaction and confirm the pharmacological relevance of both the target and selected compounds. Drug discovery will be achieved through the supervisor collaborations with academic and industrial partners.

Mots clés : mitochondria, vdac, hypoxia, primary cilia, microtubule

Participants :
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 196707.84 €
Projet WAVEFIL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The primary goal of the WAvelength-VErsatile Pulsed Raman FIbre Lasers (WAVEFIL) project is to train a talented researcher with a strong academic background in laser technology and nonlinear optics, through a research programme focused on developing wavelength-versatile, pulsed, Raman fibre lasers (RFLs) at 1.6 μm–1.8 μm, and their applications for simultaneous dual mid-Infrared (mid-IR) laser generation at 2.7 μm and 4.3 μm in an OPO system. These two mid-IR wavelengths are highly desirable as an atmospheric sensing, since both correspond to the peak absorption of the primary greenhouse gas, CO2. The success of this project will contribute knowledge to the fields of laser science and technology, and establish an internationally leading position for Europe in the industrial applications relevant to gas monitoring, medicine and defence. The Fellow, Dr. J. Liu, will receive substantial training activities in professional knowledge and skills in the field of photonics, material sciences and industrial commercialisation. This will take place at the EU host Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies (AIPT), Aston University (Prof. S. K. Turitsyn), and academic secondments of the University of Mons (UMONS) (Dr. A. A. Fotiadi), Tampere University of Technology (TUT) (Prof. O. Okhotnikov), Imperial College London (IC) (Dr. E. Kelleher) and the industrial partner, ART Photonics (Dr. V. Artjushenko). This training-through-research project will significantly enhance the Fellow’s competence in multidisciplinary research areas, establishing him as a leading figure in photonics research and industry communities. This project will explore the commercialisation of a novel laser system and enable a greater market share for gas monitoring applications. A long-term collaboration between the Fellow and host and co-hosts will be established, ultimately resulting in a new level of high-brilliance laser sources and contributing to the European competiveness in laser technology.

Mots clés : fiber laser, stimulated raman scattering, mode locking, nonlinear frequency conversion

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet ProsoDeep (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The prime objective of the ProsoDeep project is to gain a deeper understanding of the language of prosody through the analysis of all the levels in the production hierarchy of prosody. In particular, it will exploit the benefits of the top-down and bottom-up approaches through their incorporation within a Deep Prosody Model (DPM). The DPM will facilitate the advancement of speech technologies that rely both on the synthesis of prosody, e.g. text-to-speech (TTS) systems, and its analysis, e.g. speech emotion recognition (SER). To reach this objective the project will draw on a variety of scientific fields, including signal processing, physiology of prosody production and biomechanics, linguistics, and machine learning, and will also be augmented with respiratory measurements.

Mots clés : prosody, speech, speech synthesis, intonation

Participants :
- Institut polytechnique de Grenoble (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 123384.0 €
Projet INSPIrE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The principal aim of INSPIrE is to create a picture of the relationship between politics and written culture in 14th and 15th century Europe, focusing on the Franco-German and Italian geographical areas. INSPIrE will answer several questions which have arisen regarding the link between intellectual production and major historical events, such as: which are the most relevant historical events for written culture? Can a philosophical treatise influence politics? How many women write political texts? The project aims to identify the development lines, breaking points, peculiar cases and matching patterns of the relationship between politics and written culture, reckoning with five key features: the combination of events, places, times, languages, gender and literary genres will allow us to map the networks of texts linked to historical events. In the first phase, data concerning texts linked to the historical events selected as relevant - four case studies are planned - will be gathered and arranged according to the five key features. In the second phase of the research, the analysis of collected and arranged data will produce the expected results. The bottom-up methodology, based only on concrete data, the synchronic and diachronic approach and the text/context connection are the most innovative elements of INSPIrE. The project represents an excellent topic for Medieval Studies and also constitutes a ground-breaking chance to fill the gap between past and present, since it clarifies the roots and history of the connection between politics and culture in Europe. Moreover INSPIrE addresses the guidelines of the Horizon 2020 Work programme 2016-2017: the project will promote interdisciplinary cross-fertilization to overtake the separation among SSH disciplines and better understand historical and cultural phenomena. INSPIrE will also use an innovative approach to research training, with special focus on the gender dimension in research contents.

Mots clés : history of political thought, medieval philosophy, vernacular literature, gender studies

Participants :
- Université de Strasbourg (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet TOPCRIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The principal objective of The Other Post-Criticism (TOPCRIT) is to bring women’s innovative knowledge production in the field of contemporary literary criticism into a broader, more challenging definition of the novel concept of post-criticism. This ICT-enabled project uses a combination of interdisciplinary scholarship and innovative technologies to document, research and disseminate exciting forms of critical and interpretive production by women authors, building on the candidate’s proven track record in this original and distinctive line of research. The project’s interdisciplinary framework harnesses state-of-the-art theorisations of gender to challenge the current binding of post-criticism to a predominantly male philosophical legacy. Seeking to influence the paradigm of the post-critical at a decisive moment in its young history, and working at the cutting edge of debate on the function, forms and continued relevance of literary criticism, TOPCRIT provides the first account to date of women’s post-critical writing – including the use of generic experimentation, performance aesthetics, digital technologies, and a radical reimagining of the essay form –, situating these innovations alongside compelling theoretical discussions of post-criticism by women. TOPCRIT’s project design has at its core a strategy to ensure the maximum impact and visibility of the research, sharing outputs in formats and contexts designed to influence not only state-of-the-art academic debate and curricular models, but, through a vibrant outreach strategy, to spark wider public interest in the ways ‘literary’ texts and forms can perform key critical functions. Aligned with the objectives of the Horizon 2020 Sixth Societal Challenge (‘Europe in a Changing World: Inclusive, Innovative, and Reflective Societies’), the project is designed to document and highlight marginalised cultural production by women, strengthening women's key role in contemporary critical conversation.


Participants :
- Pompeu Fabra University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 241398.72 €
Projet CRUCIATA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The program aims at a global understanding of the crusading phenomenon in the Middle Age by a study of the uses and meanings of the word "crusade" in European sources in the end of the 13th and 14th century. Based on recent pragmatic linguistic theories, it proposes a completely new approach of an old debate on the definition of the crusade by understanding the uses of the word in their context. Though quite uncommon in medieval texts, the word “crusade” is particularly polysemous: it isn’t used to precisely indicate an event but to create linguistic categories, bringing together various realities in order to give sense and unity to the growing diversity of crusading activities. The research will focus on previously identified documents using the word “crusade”, mainly various English and French chronicles. A close study of these texts, their authors, addressees, intentions and uses of the word “crusade” will provide new insights on how crusading was conceptualized and how diffused and accepted this conceptualization was. At the same time, working in the Centre of Medieval Studies in Stockholm and organizing conferences with other crusading scholars will allow confronting the hypothesis with other sources and views and thus making the conclusions more relevant. Various papers will be delivered, orally or written, for specialized or large audiences. The innovative methodology of the program will be widely diffused as well as the new conceptualization of the crusading phenomenon. Apart from its interest to crusading scholars and historians, these conclusions will bring answers to current questionings about the crusades and their relation to nowadays East-West relations by showing how much the conceptualization of the crusade –what is a crusade and what is not- has never been more than a linguistic choice, very often linked to political views.

Mots clés : crusades, pragmatic linguistic

Participants :
- Stockholm University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 101926.08 €