Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ISONEO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Neolithic transition represents perhaps the most significant development in human history. In Europe the ‘Neolithic package’ arrived as a whole, and has been studied in detail using isotopic and genetic methods, but few isotopic studies have addressed the earlier and more complex transition in the Near East. Thus currently we know little about the changes in diet and mobility of individuals and cannot compare this crucial region to the later transition in Europe or to parallel transitions elsewhere. ISONEO will investigate the composition of diet in selected Neolithic populations of the Near East using carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. Using strontium and oxygen isotopes in human tooth enamel ISONEO will explore the importance of migration in creating and sustaining the population of Pre-Pottery Neolithic B megasites and in the lifeways of the desert populations of the Pottery Neolithic and Chalcolithic in Jordan, Israel, and NW Saudi Arabia. The main sites used will be ’Ain Ghazal, Basta, Ba’ja, Kharaysin, Mallaha, Beisamoun, and Shubayqa. The results will be used to build a regional model of the diet, mobility and social changes that took place during the Neolithic transition in the Near East in a holistic synthesis with previous research based on traditional archaeological evidence including archaeobotany and archaeozoology. The Experienced Researcher, Dr Jonathan Santana will be supervised and trained by Dr Andrew Millard. Within the research intensive context of the Department of Archaeology at Durham he will enhance and expand his existing research skills, knowledge of practical techniques, and theoretical knowledge. He will be trained in stable isotope analysis and the interpretation of isotopic data, which will enable him to undertake the research for ISONEO. These new competencies will enhance his skills in scientific methods and critical thinking applied to archaeology and will increase his prospects for obtaining a permanent academic position.

Mots clés : neolithic transition, pre pottery neolithic, pottery neolithic, chalcolithic, jordan, israel, saudi arabia, human mobility, human diet, carbon and nitrogen isotopes, strontium isotopes, oxygen isotopes

Participants :
- Durham University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet OCHER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The OCHER project investigates the relation between in-context historical forms of collective management of lands and resources and their current environmental and landscape value, triggering a reflection on the accessibility rights to natural resources for future generations. Following the Habitats Directive, whose aim is to promote natural habitats taking account of local requirements, 8 sites in 4 different European countries, selected from the Natura 2000 list, are chosen as case studies in a comparative perspective. The research addresses different kinds of “institutions for collective action”, at different scales in rural areas. Here conservation and sustainable use of the environment are centred on "people working with nature" and minimal forms of organisation are mainly households. Therefore, a combined historical, anthropological and juridical approach is needed to achieve: • a better understanding of the long-term effects and resilience of resource use in the environment; • a deeper reflection on the specificity of collective subjects and on the mechanisms of collective legal actions and institutions. OCHER will also address the issue published by the Council of Europe in “Protecting future generations trough commons”, which features the project’s objective outlines with preeminent questions such as: • What do we inherit from past generations from a cultural and environmental point of view? • What is at stake in the environmental issues of the present? • What can collective institutions teach us from an environmental perspective? OCHER aims to contribute, with a multidisciplinary research, to the reflection on a new environmental right, that goes beyond the dichotomy man/nature, trying to understand the historical forms of a non-destructive, nor extractive, relation of interdependence in social and ecological systems. It also addresses the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and intends to take action by means of its research outcomes

Mots clés : commons, environment, european mountains, households, natural resources, rights

Participants :
- University of Primorska (Slovénie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 162040.32 €
Projet OMECRY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The OMECRY research action aims to enhance the dissolution of pharmaceutical solids in the form of mesocrystals, i.e. to promote the drug development. I will also investigate the formation mechanisms of the organic mesocrystals, and influence of the different additives on these processes. The low dissolution rate and poor aqueous solubility of emerging new drug candidates limit the formulation approaches, clinical application, and marketability in pharmaceutical industry. The preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the form of mesocrystals can enhance the dissolution rate suitable for drug delivery. The voids between highly oriented nanocrystals and high surface area of hierarchical structure in the non-classical pathway of mesocrystals formation play a role in the process. Different additives can be used to control the self-assembly of particles so that avoiding mesocrystals fusion into single crystals. A suitable additive can be screened through density functional theory calculations. The microstructure of mesocrystals and its transformation and particle growth can be investigated through time-dependent experiments using SEM, TEM and laser diffraction particle size analyser. Computed Tomography will be used for the first time to obtain the density mapping of mesocrystals surface in phase contrast mode. The dissolution rates and solubility of the mesocrystals are characterized and compared to its single crystals. The feasibility of drug dissolution will be investigated through in vitro studies. Although many inorganic mesocrystals has prepared for photocatalysis, energy storage applications, formation APIs in mesocrystals is a new strategy which provides insights that are needed for further understanding of mesocrystals formations thereby improve its applications especially for drug development.

Mots clés : mesocrystals, supramolecular chemistry  materials chemistry aspects, dissolution, solubility, superstructure, computed tomography

Participants :
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202680.96 €
Projet P4 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The P4 fellowship will test the impact of past climate extremes on marine ecosystems using coccolithophores, a group of marine primary producers that experienced first order effects of climate and hydrodynamic changes in ancient pelagic oceans. Here we will use sedimentary materials of exceptional quality drilled during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 361: South African Climates (January-March 2016) from the Mozambique Channel (Site U1476), the Natal Valley (U1474), the Agulhas Plateau (U1475), and Cape Basin (U1479), to reconstruct surface water biotic response during the Mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP; 3.264 to 3.025 Ma), an interval considered to be the closest analogue for future warm climate. For the first-time, recovery of a complete Pliocene/Pleistocene succession in this region offers an unprecedented and timely opportunity to investigate episodes of major ocean and climate reorganizations during the Neogene period. With this, P4 is original and novel, being able to combine biological (assemblage composition), physical (volume and mass estimates) and geochemical (trace elements, stable isotopes) coccolithophore-derived datasets for understanding the climate of the MPWP, and explore its link with the past dynamics of the greater Agulhas Current system. P4 is innovative and collaborative, using state-of-the-art analytical techniques, and in combination with other proxies from ongoing works of other Expedition 361 scientists, offer a broad context for understanding 21st century global climate vulnerabilities. The resulting palaeoclimate datasets, coupled with real-time ecosystem data collection and numerical modelling, will provide a unique ‘test-bed’ for future model inter-comparisons. Furthermore, an exceptional set of training and transferable skills between the Experienced Researcher, the Supervisor, and the Secondment Hosts is envisaged, an important prerequisite for the successful delivery of P4’s ambitious research objectives.

Mots clés : coccolithophores, nannofossils, agulhas current, pliocene, expedition 361

Participants :
- Cardiff University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet P4 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The P4 fellowship will test the impact of past climate extremes on marine ecosystems using coccolithophores, a group of marine primary producers that experienced first order effects of climatic changes in ancient pelagic oceans. Here we will use sedimentary materials of exceptional quality recovered during IODP Expedition 361: South African Climates from the Mozambique Channel (Site U1476), Natal Valley (U1474), Agulhas Plateau (U1475), and Cape Basin (U1479), to reconstruct surface water biotic response during the Mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP; 3.264 to 3.025 Ma), an interval considered to be the nearest analogue for future warm climate. For the first-time, recovery of a complete Pliocene/Pleistocene succession in this region offers an unprecedented and timely opportunity to investigate episodes of major ocean and climate reorganizations during the Neogene period. With this, P4 is original and novel, being able to combine biological (assemblage composition), physical (volume, mass), and geochemical (trace elements, stable isotopes) coccolithophore-derived datasets for understanding the climate of the MPWP, and explore its link with the past dynamics of the greater Agulhas Current system. P4 is innovative and collaborative, using state-of-the-art analytical techniques, and in combination with other proxies from ongoing works of other IODP Expedition 361 scientists, offer a broad context for understanding 21st century global climate vulnerabilities. Thus, P4 results and our understanding of the potential future response of coccolithophore species to a warming world will underpin the future design of evidence-based monitoring, mitigation, and management strategies of marine ecosystem and environment. Furthermore, an exceptional set of training and transferable skills between the Experienced Researcher, the Supervisor, and the Secondment Hosts is envisioned, an important prerequisite for the successful delivery of P4’s ambitious research objectives.

Mots clés : coccolithophores, nannofossils, agulhas current, pliocene, iodp expedition 361

Participants :
- Cardiff University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet PAnaMoL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The PAnaMoL project aims at systematising proof theory for modal logics. We intend to provide a unified perspective on sequent-style calculi and a deeper understanding of the general connections between axiom systems and sequent-style calculi for such logics. In detail the research objectives are - The systematic development of suitable syntactic characterisations of classes of modal axioms corresponding to natural formats of rules in different sequent-style frameworks (e.g. sequent, hypersequent, nested sequent or display calculi) including algorithmic translations from axioms to rules and back. - A systematic comparison of the different sequent-style frameworks according to their expressive strength. - The exploitation of these results in the investigation of: classification results stating necessary and sufficient proof-theoretic strength for important examples of logics such as GL and S5; uniform decidability and complexity results for large classes of logics; general consistency proofs. The research conducted in the project will be of relevance to researchers in all fields where modal logics are used to model complex phenomena and provide easy-to-use results and methods for the proof-theoretic investigation and implementation of newly developed modal logics.

Mots clés : structural proof theory, modal logic, non classical logic, sequent calculi, axiom systems

Participants :
- TU Wien (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178156.8 €
Projet E3glueRBP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Conventional therapeutic strategy entails developing small molecules to occupy enzymatically active or regulatory pockets of the target protein, and further inhibit its biochemical activity. However, many disease-relevant proteins, such as RAS, MYC, or b-catenin, lack manageable druggable cavities. Bernardes and colleagues have raised a novel concept to overcome this limitation, named “molecular glues”, in which small molecules induce de-novo interactions between two proteins to modulate protein function. Molecular glues appeared as an elegant tool for targeted protein degradation, allowing simultaneous recruitment of a ubiquitin E3 ligase and the protein to be ubiquitinated. Notably, the potent anti-cancer drugs thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide (known as IMiDs for immuno-modulatory drugs), are the most prominent example of such E3-hijacking molecular glues, that exert their therapeutic effects through induced degradation of key efficacy targets. Building on these promising observations, herein I propose a designed platform that can rationally identify synthetic chemical matter to induce selective protein dimerization and induce disease-relevant protein ubiquitination and degradation – using ubiquitin E3 ligase and RNA binding protein IGF2BP1 as a proof-of-concept in ovarian carcinoma cells. The identification of complementary interfaces for drug-induced interactions will be achieved by computational prediction, protein-protein interaction assays, and a set of novel biochemical assays, together with high-throughput screening and structure-informed chemical optimization. This proposal will deliver a multi-layered technology to successfully design and validate novel molecular glues in a rational and generalizable way, to revolutionize current inhibitor-centric paradigms in cancer drug development and pharmacology. The strategy can be further transposed to other protein classes in different cancer types, and open an array of new therapeutic opportunities.

Mots clés : molecular glues, e3 ligase, igf2bp1, cancer, drug development

Participants :
- University of Lisbon (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159815.04 €
Projet E-CLIPS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Conversations often take place in noisy environments like a crowded coffee shop. In the European community, many of these conversations are among bilinguals and in a second language. Although adverse listening conditions have little impact on comprehension in one’s native language, communication can be severely affected in a bilingual’s second language. The neural systems involved in spoken language and the mechanisms that facilitate comprehension have been extensively investigated in monolinguals. However, much is unknown about the neural architecture that supports language comprehension in bilinguals. Bilinguals have, not one, but two systems that map sound-to-meaning. Here we investigate how the two languages interact with one another and how that affects access to meaning under naturalistic listening conditions. A combination of complementary methodologies — behavior, fMRI, and ERP/EEG — will be used to characterize the nature, locus, and temporal dynamics of mapping sound-to-meaning in bilinguals. The research location also provides a rare opportunity to compare two unique balanced bilingual populations that share one common language, Basque; the two groups of bilinguals differ in the degree to which their first (Spanish or French) languages overlap in their sound structure with Basque. The project aims to bridge bilingualism and speech perception research, two rapidly growing areas of study, to provide a unifying neural framework for bilingual spoken language processing. This work will provide the basis for clinical and technological advances that support language comprehension.

Mots clés : flexible speech perception, semantic perceptual interactions, bilingual word recognition, feedforward and feedback interactions, top down effects, semantic context effects, semantic priming

Participants :
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet DDQF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Cooled to a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are some of the cleanest, most flexible, many-body quantum systems available. They have been used to answer fundamental questions for a large variety of physical phenomena with remarkable clarity, as well as for the discovery of new physics. The field is currently in the midst of a revolution, thanks largely to the development of such key technologies as the ability to create dilute BECs of rare-earth elements, realising the quantum ferrofluid in which each atom possesses a large magnetic dipole. Last year, in a dramatic turn of events, an experiment was published in Nature revealing the discovery of an unforeseen, novel phase of matter: the dilute, dipolar quantum liquid. This was created by the self-stabilisation of a collapsing quantum ferrofluid and the subsequent formation of a crystal of long-lived dipolar droplets, with around 1000 atoms per droplet. It has been demonstrated that each droplet is stabilised by quantum fluctuations, presenting a rare opportunity to investigate a dilute system in which the role of quantum fluctuations is dominant, a situation typically reserved for dense matter. We propose to study the exciting new physics resulting from dipolar interactions and quantum fluctuations, with a particular emphasis on the three most intriguing and timely topics in the physics of dipolar gases: (1) roton excitations, (2) quantum droplets, and (3) dipolar supersolids. To answer pivotal questions for these topics we will develop challenging novel methods, including finite-temperature theories and simulations beyond the currently employed local-density approximation. In close collaboration with top experimentalists in the field, this project will pave the way for a new generation of experiments on dipolar gases. This proposal is uniquely positioned to tackle some of the most prominent and timely questions of the field.

Mots clés : dipolar bose einstein condensates, dipolar droplets, dipole dipole interactions, quantum fluctuations, superfluid, finite temperature, self trapped gas, rotons, roton immiscibility, binary condensates

Participants :
- Leibniz University Hannover (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet TOMACOP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Copper (Cu) is a vital micronutrient acting as a double-edged sword in living beings because it is an essential redox-active cofactor in biological processes but is toxic when in excess. In humans, Cu is acquired by diet and its deficiency or excess causes important diseases. Plants are also sensitive to Cu bioavailability in soil and their nutritional deficiencies or excesses are transferred to consumers. Therefore, deciphering the regulatory mechanisms underlying Cu uptake and distribution to edible products is crucial to prevent deficient or toxic Cu levels in horticultural crops that may ultimately affect human health. Furthermore, in Europe, around 20% of the arable land is classified as Cu deficient, which has been compensated by using Cu-enriched fertilizers. However, the EU warns that this practice implies high environmental costs and compromises food security for consumers. TOMACOP will study the effects of Cu deficiency on plant growth and development and on fruit nutritional status and quality by using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), one of the most important crops worldwide. The characterization of Cu homeostasis components and the identification of tissue-specificities in the molecular mechanisms regulating Cu uptake will provide important clues for future biotechnological improvements aimed to solve the challenge facing EU agriculture.

Mots clés : copper, nutrient deficiency, fruit quality, metal homeostasis, tomato, transcriptome

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €