Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet 6G Channel Coding (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The emerging sixth-generation (6G) of mobile networks will be a key part of the solution to the constantly increasing problem of urbanization and the digital divide. 6G has aligned its focus to the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) and aims by 2030 to achieve the following targets: a) empower people by providing services and solutions to individuals and society; b) sense the environment by performing extensive hyper-local measurements and c) strengthen the world by reinforcing the ecosystem according to the SDGs. Key 6G use cases such as wireless factory automation and autonomous driving will require ultra-high reliability and ultra-low latency, high-resolution localization, and high-accuracy inter-device synchronicity. These requirements are well beyond the capabilities of existing mobile standards, including the fifth-generation (5G) mobile. Short packet communications play a key role in meeting the low latency requirements of many 6G applications. Despite recent progress, the design of effective channel coding and decoding techniques for short packet communications is still far from sufficiency. 6G communication systems require flexibility in the blocklength and coding rates. Short and moderate blocklength codes (approx. from 100 bits to a few thousand bits) with close-to-optimal performance are required for 6G. A promising solution is rateless codes carefully optimized for short blocklength and able to provide flexibility in code rates, blocklength, and decoding complexity. The main objective of this project is to develop new rateless coding schemes and decoding algorithms, to address the flexibility and bit-granularity for finite blocklength channel codes, and to design low-complexity decoding algorithms to address the latency issue in 6G short packet communications. It is expected that our results can largely improve the performance of 6G networks in terms of latency, reliability, flexibility and complexity.

Mots clés : channel coding, 6g communications, information theory, rateless codes, iterative decoding

Participants :
- KTH Institut royal de technologie (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 222727.68 €
Projet COMAL (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

COMAL aims at using an analytical approach never applied before on archaeological materials from Central America to bring to light the plants that were consumed and the different ways they were processed by the ancient Maya that inhabited the tropical forests of the Maya Lowlands in what is now Mexico and Guatemala. The investigated periods are the Classic and Terminal Classic periods (AD 250-900). Accordingly, two types of archaeological remains will be considered: amorphous carbonized objects (ACO) and (bio)molecules. ACO’s are visible to the naked eye and are usually investigated with different microscopies, while to characterize the (bio)molecules, a range of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques will be applied at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice to both archaeological residues and proxies derived from raw (unmodified) modern plants and plants processed under laboratory conditions (experimental archeology). Further analyses by means of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) will be performed during the secondment at the Elettra Synchrotron in Trieste, aiming at revealing the internal structure of ACOs through a non-destructive examination. The applicant, an experienced scholar in both the recovery and identification of macro- and microbotanical remains and starch grains, will enhance her competences by learning cutting-edge techniques seldom employed in the field of archaeology, and in turn bridging the STEM and Humanities, a highly relevant issue at Ca’ Foscari. Likewise, COMAL will increase the knowledge on Maya culinary preferences, including the direct descendants of the ancient Maya living today in Guatemala and Mexico, by bringing information on their dietary heritage and traditions. At a broader level, the project will also shed light on ancient diets. COMAL will expand the applicant’s experience, professional networks, positioning her as a skilled and capable independent scholar.

Mots clés : archaeobotany ancient maya reconstructing plant diets advanced physico chemical characterisation of archaeological residues

Participants :
- Central European Institute of Technology (Rép. Tchèque) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- AREA Science Park (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Ca' Foscari de Venise (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
- DESY (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet 123-CO (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modern ultrafast laser technologies have initiated a 'femtosecond revolution' revolution in chemical physics, allowing the motion of nuclei within molecules to be visualised on the femtosecond (millionth of a billionth of a second) timescale. The insights from femtochemistry experiments allow detailed probing of the mechanics underpinning chemical reactions, and are therefore invaluable for fundamental investigations into molecular structure and reactivity. This proposal aims to advance understanding of how carbonyls, a key class of organic molecules found within the earth’s atmosphere (with important implications for understanding radiative forcing and climate change), react upon excitation by ultraviolet light, using state-of-the-art ultrafast experimental techniques. Whilst this crucial photochemistry has been studied by other techniques previously, a deep understanding of the complex electronic and nuclear dynamics which control the outcomes of the possible photoreactions is, so far, elusive. Throughout the grant, three different experimental techniques (ultrafast electron diffraction, ultrafast X-ray diffraction and Coulomb explosion imaging), each offering complementary structural information, will be exploited to gain an exquisitely detailed view of this important fundamental photochemistry. By studying a series of related carbonyl molecules, insights will be gained into the broad class of carbonyl molecules as a whole. Furthermore, the results will also assess the relative applicability of these experimental techniques (which have only been facilitated by recent technological advancements in the field of free-electron laser science) to probing complex molecular photochemistry on the shortest timescales. Consequently, the results will be of wide-reaching impact both in the fields of atmospheric science and within the ever-growing multi-disciplinary community which utilizes modern free-electron lasers to record so-called 'molecular movies'.

Mots clés : xfels, diffractive imaging, coulomb explosion imaging

Participants :
- Université Stanford (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- European X-ray Free Electron Laser (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 265647.84 €
Projet ORBIT-D (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Star formation begins when the densest regions in molecular clouds collapse under their own weight forming so called “young stellar objects” (YSOs), i.e. protostars surrounded by a gas+dust disc (known as “protostellar” or “protoplanetary” disc), expected to be the birth place of planets in this newly formed proto-exo-solar systems. The advancements during the past decade in our observational capabilities revealed that 10% of the observed protostellar discs in YSOs present large (~10 –100 au) dust and gas depleted cavities surrounding their protostars, as well as a number of spectacular features such as spirals, shadows and other non-axisymmetric over-densities. Discs with cavities have been historically referred to as “transition discs” and are among the brightest and most studied YSOs in close star forming regions. The presence of a massive planet (several Jupiter masses) interacting with the disc has been shown to be an effective mechanism for forming dust/gas cavities and the observed structures. The possibility that binary stars, i.e. much more massive and luminous than giant planets, could lie unresolved in the centre of transition disc cavities has been little explored, mainly because of the argument: “if they were present they should be visible”. However, both theory and observations hint that such binaries could be much harder to be detected than previously thought, supporting the idea that some transition discs could be in fact “circumbinary”. Shedding light on this issue represents the heart of the “Observing Binaries in Transition-Discs” (ORBIT-D) project. ORBIT-D has the ambitious goal of providing an ultimate answer to the question “Which transition discs are circumbinary discs surrounding undetected binaries?”. Identifying circumbinary discs in the transition disc population is key for answering a number of open questions about the process of star and planet formation — widely acknowledged as major research priority by the scientific community.

Mots clés : protoplanetary discs transition discs circumbinary discs binary disc interaction theory hydrodynamics

Participants :
- Université de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
- European Southern Observatory (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet PEROXISCENCE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Quiescence, a temporary cellular state of non-proliferation, is widespread in nature. Quiescent fungi often cause persistent infections resistant to conventional treatments. Quiescence is maintained via the consorted action of several regulatory pathways. In yeast, these include stabilization of the eisosome-localized, ubiquinol-generating Flavodoxin-like proteins (FLPs), recently shown by my host labs to counteract ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death promoted by peroxidised phospholipid (PL) accumulation at the plasma membrane. Importantly, new results suggest that lack of eisosomes or FLPs disrupts peroxisome biogenesis and function, i.e. fatty acid β-oxidation. PEROXISCENCE focuses on the data-driven hypothesis that increased PL peroxidation rewires certain Membrane Contact Sites (MCSs), leading to channeling of fatty acids towards PL remodeling instead of β-oxidation, to compensate for defective repair. I will investigate this model by employing a multidisciplinary approach, including genetics, a split-Venus-based screening of peroxisomal MCSs, lipidomics and a secondment for training in STED microscopy, with the goals to 1) identify the enzymes involved in PL remodeling and determine their role in counteracting ferroptosis, 2) determine if eisosomes and PL peroxidation regulate fatty acid flux by affecting MCSs, and 3) elucidate the role of Pex11, a protein implicated in the formation of tethers at peroxisomal MCSs. The outputs of PEROXISCENCE are expected to provide novel scientific knowledge with an impact on the fields of cell biology, ferroptosis, aging, and fungal pathogenicity. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of lipid homeostasis in quiescence could lead to the identification of innovative ways to tackle persistent fungal infections. With a strong background in molecular microbiology and microbial biotechnology, PEROXISCENCE is the ideal project for expanding my expertise in the field of cell and molecular biology of S. cerevisiae.

Mots clés : yeast, eisosomes, membrane contact sites, ferroptosis, peroxisome, phospholipid, remodeling, beta oxidation, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lipids, membrane domains, quiescence, aging

Participants :
- Université de Münster (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200400.0 €
- French Community Commission (Belgique) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MariDeNOx (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Ammonia (NH3) has gained popularity in recent years as a potential carbon-free fuel, particularly for nautical applications. However, there are clear difficulties in using ammonia as a fuel directly in diesel engine applications due to high auto-ignition temperature, unstable flames and inefficient burning. This issue could be effectively solved by co-firing ammonia with more reactive fuels to improve combustion features. As a result, NH3/H2 co-firing has significant advantages and a wide range of potential in carbon-neutral and low-emission combustion as compared to the traditional co-firing technique with natural gas and diesel. Moreover, the combustion of NH3/H2 produced high NOx and unburnt NH3 which is beyond the acceptable limit. NOx emissions (NO, N2O and NO2) majorly contribute to air pollution. They cause many adverse effects on environment including respiratory tract diseases on human health. Therefore, it is important to overcome NOx and slip- NH3 issues in NH3 combustion engines. To reduce NOx and unburnt NH3 from NH3 combustion marine engines, it is important to understand the formation of NOx through the elementary combustion reaction at the micro-level with advanced lean combustion technology. Therefore, in this proposed research, the two advanced combustion concepts of Turbulent Jet -Reactivity Controlled Compound Ignition (TJ-RCCI) and In-cylinder Reforming Gas Recirculation (IRGR) are projected for the successful reduction of NOx and slip- NH3 in NH3 marine engines with the improvement of thermal efficiency. It assumes that merging TJ-RCCI & IRGR technology should have the following advantages: (1) better combustion efficiency than neat NH3, (2) lower NOx emission, (3) saving fuel energy due to the heat transfer loss of the external reformer, (4) reduce the high cost of catalyst and increases their life period and (5) lower marine GHG emissions.

Mots clés : ammonia, hydrogen, methanol, combustion, cfd modelling, reaction mechanism

Participants :
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université technique de Prague (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207758.16 €
Projet Algacom (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Our modern society is driven by computers, digital services, and algorithms. Understanding their weaknesses and limitations is one of the main subjects of study of theoretical computer science. Probably the most studied aspect of algorithms is their efficiency of use of computational resources, embodied as the running time of an algorithm. Parameterised complexity is a branch of theoretical computer science interested in determining whether there exists an efficient algorithm that solves a given computational problem. The efficiency is determined based on the structure of the input data.  The main limitation of parameterised complexity is that these analyses of computational problems are done on a case-by-case basis. This means that if somebody changes the problem or its parameterisation ever so slightly, the whole analysis has to be redone from scratch.  To tackle this problem we propose to use game comonads, a novel structural approach to logic in computer science. The theory of game comonads draws its strength from category theory, a well-established discipline of mathematics which specialises on compositionality, reusability of its tools and high-level of abstraction. Game comonads, despite being relatively new, have already shown to be a useful tool in the study of finite model theory, which is an adjacent area of study of parameterised complexity.  The primary goal of this project is to bring compositional tools of category theory into the setting of algorithms, with game comonads acting as the connecting glue. This project bring together expertise in category theory, in the form of the applicant and expertise in parameterised complexity, in the form of the host institution and the supervisor who will devote their efforts into bridging the gap between the two thus-far mostly disjoint disciplines of computer science and mathematics.

Mots clés : parameterized complexity, category theory, game comonads, finite model theory, universal coalgebra, algorithms

Participants :
- Université technique de Prague (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166278.72 €
Projet FEAST (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

FEAST action will investigate the timing for the main celebration at Greek temples. The project attempts to overcome a gap in the current knowledge on the archaeology of Greek sanctuaries (specifically for the Magna Graecia) by applying an interdisciplinary approach to classical archaeology, that is skyscape archaeology. For most of Magna Graecia temples, there are no indication about when, in the year, the main celebration would have taken place. There, the epigraphical, historical, and archaeological evidence is very lacunose for the topic of festivals and calendars. Therefore, the method here proposed interlinks archaeology with astronomy, researching about the way ancient sanctuaries were built, by analysing the actual orientation that the founders gave to the monument during its foundation in relation to the sky. Temples will be surveyed according to standard topographical methods, with specific attention to the superimposition of strata and the diachrony of the phases of attendance. This research will focus on a chronological horizon that goes from the 8th to the 3rd century B.C., a broad spectrum which allows to discern any continuity and discontinuity in the topography of the sacred. In line with Europe priorities for an inclusive, green and sustainable development, FEAST action fit in the modern challenge of recovering the deep/intimate connection between people and the planet/the sky, while tackling most pressing global challenges of identity crisis of people/nations, focusing on the festivals as moments of community memory and identity building and on heritage sites as places of belonging (coherently with The New European Bauhaus EU mission). The fellowship at the Laboratory of Archaeometry at UOP would open up Dr. Cristofaro career by establishing the applicant as one of the few experts in the world in Skyscape Archaeology of the Classical World, as well as will enhance LA@UOP's international excellence in Archaeometry by adding a new field of expertise.

Mots clés : archaeoastronomy, skyscape archaeology, archaeology of cult, topography, landscape archaeology

Participants :
- Université du Péloponnèse (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 169326.72 €
- Conseil national de la recherche (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ProtectHearts (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death globally for men and women. State-of-the art clinical risk prediction models for CVD use conventional risk factors and polygenic scores (PGS)—a measure of an individuals’ inherited CVD risk. However, the accuracy of current models is moderate and worse in women than men. Protein markers of CVD represent an individual’s current health state and both inherited and environmental disease risk. Indeed, there is evidence that combining conventional risk factors, PGS, and protein markers of CVD may facilitate vast improvements in CVD risk prediction. Furthermore, by modelling inflammation-specific protein markers missing from sex-specific CVD risk models, ProtectHearts will specifically capture excess risk in women.  ProtectHearts will use the world’s largest population-biobank-linked proteomics datasets to 1) develop a novel protein-based risk score (ProtRS); 2) develop an inflammation-specific ProtRS (i-ProtRS); and 3) estimate the clinical utility of these scores when modelled with clinical risk scores and PGS. Cutting-edge machine learning algorithms will be used to establish target proteins for CVD prediction in 100,000 individuals across four European biobanks. ProtectHearts brings together a physician-scientist Supervisor with proteomics expertise and a Fellow with experience modelling CVD risk prediction using PGS in biobanks. Through a secondment and non-academic placement, the Fellow will gain intersectoral experience. Activities of the training and dissemination work packages will build her competencies in machine learning, advanced statistics and science communication. ProtectHearts will engage clinicians in exploitation of the new sex-specific, comprehensive CVD risk prediction model. ProtectHearts has the potential to move CVD risk prediction beyond state-of-the-art by improving risk prediction accuracy, specifically in women, using protein-based markers for CVD and CVD-related inflammation.

Mots clés : population health, ehr data, survival analysis, risk prediction, integrative risk modeling, public health, big data

Participants :
- Université d'Helsinki (Finlande) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- deCODE Genetics (Iceland) (Islande) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université norvégienne de sciences et de technologie (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 263638.8 €