Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet WildWoodMicrobes (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In recent years, a general decline has been documented in several agriculturally relevant woody plants, and numerous reports point towards a possible role of the plant-associated microbiome. This especially applies to grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) and to the recent outbreak of grapevine trunk diseases (GTD). This cluster of fungal diseases is considered the greatest challenge in modern viticulture, due to the complexity of the different pathosystems and the lack of reliable control strategies. During the last >100 years, vineyards have been routinely treated with fungicides, insecticides, herbicides and fertilizers. Recent research have demonstrated that such treatments and other anthropic intervention (e.g., domestication, grafting, training) affect the plant-associated microbiome. These human-driven alterations, exacerbated by grapevines clonal propagation process, are believed to have led to an imbalance in grapevines endophytic microbiome, which may be a key explanation for the recent success of GTD-associated pathogens. The best candidates to investigate the composition of a balanced wood microbiome, unaffected by anthropic activities, are wild populations of V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris (VVS). In this multidisciplinary project, I will join the fields of plant pathology, epigenetics and microbial ecology to (1) unravel the endophytic microbiome diversity of wild populations of VVS, using DNA metabarcoding and in vitro isolation techniques; (2) re-introduce endophytes isolated from VVS in cultivated grapevines, by means of a synthetic microbiome transfer; (3) assess the efficacy of the synthetic microbiome in antagonizing GTD-associated pathogens, a next-generation approach to biological control. The outcomes of this project will not only contribute to advance our understanding of grapevine endophytes ecology, but have also the potential to provide a concrete solution to viticulture, for the benefit numerous European and non-European countries.

Mots clés : grapevine, grapevine trunk diseases, microbiome, endophytes, synthetic microbiome, microbiome transfer, epigenetics, dna metabarcoding

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université d'Udine (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 215937.6 €
- Vivai cooperativi rauscedo societa cooperativa agricola (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet METATRIB (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal presents a novel concept to integrate mechanical meta-materials and tribology fields, to develop the next generation of adaptable tactile grippers. The project seeks to combine unique structural properties of mechanical meta-materials and contact mechanics properties of soft polymers to develop a new generation of grippers with controllable and switchable frictional properties. MetaTrib project will developed passive mechanical meta-material. Mechanical metamaterials are artificial structures with mechanical properties defined by their structure rather than their composition. Passive mechanical meta-material does not need additional external energy to answer to a stimulus, by opposition to active mechanical meta-material. The adaptability of the material is pre-programmed in the internal structure during conception and manufacturing step. This kind of smart material have the advantage to do not need additional actuator, electronic and all the control informatics system associate to realised given tasks. This is a great plus in many industries for a fast and efficient integration in the production line, to reduce product weight and price. This new class of materials may be made soft. So mechanical meta-materials provide compliance that is critical for adaptability. The MetaTrib project proposes to combine two areas of research: the tribology which studies the interaction between contacting surfaces in relative motion, and the meta-material mechanics which aims to develop new structural materials with unique properties. By experimenting and theoretically modelling, I envision to link contact mechanics behaviour of mechanical meta-materials to their internal microstructure. The simultaneous measurement of mechanical deformation and contact mechanics properties is the novelty of the MetaTrib project.

Mots clés : mechanical metamaterial, friction, tribology, modelling, soft material

Participants :
- Université d'Aarhus (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
- Université d'Édimbourg (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet IFT-MultiLam (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at solving long-standing problems affecting the characterisation of interlaminar properties of high-performance fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites. For these materials, interlaminar fracture, known as delamination, represents one of the most critical damage mechanisms. Standard procedures to characterise interlaminar fracture toughness exist, but their scope is restricted to use with unidirectional specimens, in which delamination is propagated along the fibre direction. On the other hand, real components and structures are made using multidirecitonal laminates, where delamination may appear at any interface and propagate in any direction; under such condition, interlaminar fracture toughness may be different from that obtained in standard tests. This results in uncertainties in structural design, and thus to oversized, inefficient structures. Until now, problems caused by elastic couplings, residual thermal stresses and delamination migration have prevented an effective interlaminar characterisation for multidirectional laminates. Recently, however, a new class of delamination specimens (Fully-Uncoupled Multi-Directional, FUMD) eliminating elastic couplings and reducing problems related to residual stresses has been proposed; also, new insight on the migration phenomenon has emerged. These developments open new possibilities. This project will combine the experience of the participating organisations on delamination migration and that of the researcher on FUMD specimens to explore these possibilities and achieve, for the first time, an effective, problem-free, characterisation of interlaminar fracture in multidirectional laminates. Possibly, this will contribute towards the creation of standard procedures, with an impact on the composite industry on a global scale. Lightwight structural design practices will benefit from this, contributing toward a more efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly transportation sector.

Mots clés : composites, interlaminar fracture, delamination

Participants :
- Université de Gérone (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175166.76 €
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation en Santé de l’Université de Porto (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet PALEOSIM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

PALEOSIM (PALEOclimate modelling of Small Islands in the Mediterranean and possible impacts on arthropod habitats) focuses on the climate and Land-Use Change (LUC) impacts on arthropod habitats of small islands using a Regional Climate Model (RCM). Arthropods play vital roles in the ecosystem (e.g., pollinators, decomposers, and others), and thus can act as indictors of ecosystem integrity. Recently, the anthropogenic impact on ecosystems, through climate change and LUC, has been devastating, especially in vulnerable regions such as the Mediterranean Basin and its numerous small islands. Advances in RCMs have resulted in extensive climate studies of the region at 12.5 km resolution; however, this is a coarse resolution for many small islands. The introduction of Convection Permitting (CP) RCM simulations allows models to resolve islands such as the Circum-Sicilian (including the Maltese) Islands (CSI), and hence study variations in arthropod habitats induced by climate change.  PALEOSIM is a multidisciplinary investigation of the climate and associated arthropod habitats in the CSI. For the first time, the RegCM can combine the CP and Paleoclimate modes to produce 2 km resolution simulations between 21000BCE and 2100CE. This span of time is characterised by slow climate and geomorphological variation in the beginning, and rapid anthropogenic climate change and LUC at the end. The paleoclimate simulations will shed light on the role humanity has played in the ecological destabilisation of many of these small islands.  This investigation will improve our understanding of past climate changes on the CSI, and showcase the potential of small islands RCM simulations. The project will provide new insight into the expected habitat changes arthropods may experience in the future, and help mitigate the destruction of these fragile ecosystems.

Mots clés : arthropod habitats arthropod adaptation regional climate modelling convective permitting regional paleoclimate modelling climate proxy

Participants :
- Ministère de l’Education et de l’Emploi (Malte) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Malte (Malte) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 219628.4 €
- Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LI-PrimaryTeachers (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My research objective is to understand from the perspective of Critical Mathematics Education how in-service primary school teachers using a methodology of landscapes of investigation are involved in the study and development of teaching activities. In order to achieve the general objective of this study, specifically, we propose Objective one (O1): to verify, in the European context, the current scenario of research in mathematics education aimed at training primary school teachers to work with investigative activities; Objective two (O2): to analyse how primary school teachers learn, from a practice of continuing education, to produce activities based on landscapes of investigation and develop them with their students; Objective three (O3): to identify continuing education dynamics that favour primary teacher learning related to the creation of a landscape of investigation in mathematics classes; and Objective four (O4): to analyse changes in the teaching conception of primary school teachers related to mathematics, based on their involvement in continuing education practices and creation of landscapes of investigation. We use a case study methodology with a qualitative approach. To reach (O1), we will conduct a detailed review of the current literature in the European context in mathematics education aimed at training primary school teachers. To achieve (O2), (O3), and (O4), we will analyse teacher engagement in a continuing education practice aimed at Portuguese primary teachers. In this practice, developed in 50 hours, we will explore the creation and development of pedagogical activities based on the landscape of investigation in mathematics classes. The data will be obtained through the formative practice. The method of data collection will be participant observation, using video and audio recording, notes in the researcher’s field notebook, and semi-structured interviews. We will use category content analysis to analyse the data.

Mots clés : mathematics education teacher education primary schools teacher education critical mathematics education

Participants :
- Université de Lisbonne (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 86309.28 €
Projet SolarWay (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the face of the escalating environmental challenges, the transition to renewable energies has emerged as a critical and pressing necessity for a sustainable future. Installation of photovoltaic panels is one way to contribute to the decarbonization, but currently there is only one cost-effective technology available for commercial applications - silicon. Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC) have emerged recently as a very promising alternative, but some issues like poor stability and the use of an evaporated metallic back-contact are still hindering its way through industrialization. A promising holistic solution is to replace the metallic back-contact by a highly conductive carbon material. The challenge now is to match the efficiency obtained by the metal back-contact, by maximizing the carbon material’s conductivity, enhancing the interfacial contact or increasing the photon absorption. Regarding the latter issue, light trapping structures are a promising solution since they already proved successful at maximizing the current generation in silicon solar cells. Furthermore, large-scale deposition methods must be adopted to develop a realistic experimental procedure compatible with large-scale production, and the encapsulation must be optimized to maximize the life time of the solar module. Still, the intermittency nature of solar energy might create a mismatch between energy production and consumption. An effective solution is to convert the excess energy into syngas (mixture of CO and H2) by co-electrolysis of CO2 and water. This gas can then be converted into a synthetic fuel and replace the fossil fuels derivatives, contributing for the EU’s goal of achieving net-zero carbon-emission by 2050. The optimization of the solar-to-syngas system can be complex due to the extend of dependent processes in series, and thus a computing simulation is a strong tool for predicting the operation and maximizing the energy efficiency of the entire process.

Mots clés : solar fuels, perovskite solar cells and modules, carbon back contacts, light management, electrolysis

Participants :
- Université nouvelle de Lisbonne (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 156778.56 €
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation en Santé de l’Université de Porto (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet FIRE-RESILIENCE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The FIRE-RESILIENT project aims to create an interdisciplinary and innovative model to assess how well Immovable Cultural Heritage (ICH) can withstand wildfires in Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) areas. As cities expand and tourism increases, WUI zones—where urban development meets flammable vegetation—face rising wildfire risks. This project seeks to combine WUI and ICH analyses to improve wildfire risk management and mitigation. With climate change causing more frequent and severe wildfires, this research is timely and relevant, especially for regions like Northern Europe that are newly affected. Led by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, in collaboration with the Universidade do Porto and the Fire Research and Innovation Centre, the project will develop an Emergency Preparedness and Safety Index (EPSI) to assess ICH. This index will consider protection systems and response capabilities. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process to transform qualitative resilience data collected from interviews, EPSI will be integrated into a Geographic Information System that calculates risk based on available hazard maps from the European Forest Fire Information System and the developed index. This will allow for a comprehensive assessment of wildfire risk near WUI zones. The project will test the model on three ICH sites across Europe—the Trøndelag Folk Museum in Trondheim Norway, Alhambra in Granada Spain and the Dolmen of Antela in Oliveira de Frades in Portugal. These sites include both traditionally wildfire-prone areas and those newly impacted by climate change, such as Norway. By quantifying resilience data, this innovative method will offer powerful tools for evaluating and reducing wildfire risks to cultural heritage sites. The results will be freely available to local governments, cultural heritage managers, and researchers, providing a sustainable and advanced approach to managing wildfire risks, protecting cultural heritage, and adapting to climate change.

Mots clés : geographic information system

Participants :
- Université norvégienne de sciences et de technologie (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251578.56 €
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation en Santé de l’Université de Porto (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet HYLOGLOB (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

HYLOGLOB aims to reconstruct a long-neglected yet crucial debate among Scholastic philosophers on the ontological constitution of natural bodies. This debate took place in Europe during the 16th c., but its consequences had a global, cross-cultural impact. In their struggle to find a balance among opposite claims about matter, form, and the elements, 16th-c. Scholastic philosophers produced influential ontologies of nature. Their theories, in turn, became the lenses through which European thinkers in China and New Spain engaged with metaphysical and cosmological doctrines that were completely alien to them. The reconstruction of the 16th-c. Scholastic debate on the constitution of natural substances is key to understand the processes of philosophical accommodation and reinterpretation of non-European systems of thoughts that took place in early modern Asia and America. By using a multi-levelled methodology, HYLOGLOB will reconstruct the Scholastic debate on the ontology of nature and its global impact. On the one hand, it will analyse how historical actors addressed apparently unsolvable questions on prime matter, substantial forms, and the elements. On the other, it will assess how these theories were used as influential interpretative tools to grasp sophisticated metaphysical doctrines that utterly diverged from the European tradition. HYLOGLOB’s results will produce, for the first time, a thorough, comprehensive understanding of how 16th-c. thinkers envisioned the constitution of the physical world. It will provide meaningful insights on the tensions between metaphysical and physical considerations of nature, the Jesuits materialistic interpretations of Chinese philosophy, and the foundation of an independent philosophical tradition in New Spain. At the crossroad of different traditions and disciplines, HYLOGLOB will contribute to foster a new, more nuanced understanding of a central aspect of the constitution of European identity in a globalising world.

Mots clés : hylomorphism second scholasticism medieval metaphysics medieval natural philosophy

Participants :
- Université Sun-Yat-Sen (Chine) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université catholique de Louvain (Belgique) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation en Santé de l’Université de Porto (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 156778.56 €
Projet MetEmbryoniC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Multicellular animals development begins with a sequence of rapid cell cycles and divisions, named ‘cleavages’, leading to the generation of a large pool of cells, from which the embryo develops. While there are several species-specific types of cleavages, the underlying processes of cell-cycle and cytokinesis, involving characteristic large-scale cytoskeletal reorganizations, are well conserved. Yet, how these processes integrate cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic signals, adapting to the rapidly changing environment of the developing embryo, remains largely unknown. An emerging concept implies cell metabolism as an important factor regulating cytoskeletal elements and, hence, cellular function. Here, I test the hypothesis that during cleavages, specific metabolic elements play an essential role in regulating the cytoskeleton. To address this hypothesis, I developed an innovative fluxomics approach for analyzing whole-embryo metabolism, combining metabolomics, transcriptomic, and real-time bioenergetics measurements in two different embryonic cleavage pattern models: ascidians and zebrafish. By combining the Heisenberg group's expertise in biomechanics and my expertise in metabolism, I will follow three main lines of research based on the whole-embryo fluxomics data: (1) Characterizing the spatiotemporal metabolic activity in the cleaving embryo; (2) analyzing the function of specific metabolic elements in cytoskeleton regulation during cleavages; and (3) determining the extrinsic factors (temperature and oxygen levels) affecting the mechano-metabolic reactions during cleavages. I expect these findings to provide insight into mechano-metabolic mechanisms that will advance our understanding of embryonic development and shed light on disease-related processes where metabolism and cell division are highly interconnected, such as cancer.

Mots clés : cellular metabolism cytoskeleton cleavage embryogenesis morphology

Participants :
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199440.96 €