Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NUTS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Particle physicists have a good understanding of the fundamental constituents of matter, but the complexity of the theory means that it is impossible (even with supercomputers) to use it to predict the properties of even the simplest atoms familiar from everyday life, such as helium and carbon. Fathoming the core of these atoms is the realm of nuclear physics, but current approaches are detached from fundamental theory and instead are mainly based on fitting phenomenological models to experimental data. The ambitious aim of this project is to provide the missing link between fundamental theory and nuclear physics. At the heart of the methodology for this audacious proposal is a concept known as a topological soliton -- a particle-like solution of a nonlinear wave equation, where stability is due to a topological twisting or winding. A combination of analytic and numerical work over the last twenty years has shown that topological solitons can provide a reasonable qualitative description of some aspects of nuclei, but a quantitative comparison has failed because of a long-standing problem that soliton predictions yield nuclear binding energies that are too large. However, in recent work by the researcher (Naya-Rodriguez) and collaborators, and independently by the supervisor (Sutcliffe), significant breakthroughs have been made that demonstrate the ability to reduce soliton binding energies to the correct nuclear physics levels and hence solve this long-standing problem. These new developments mean that this proposal is incredibly timely, and by uniting these two previously independent European groups there is an opportunity to make ground-breaking progress by developing these new analytical methods in combination with state-of-the-art computing capabilities. This will have a tremendous impact, particularly in the study of nuclear matter under extreme conditions, for example, as found in neutron stars and in harnessing the energy source offered by nuclear fusion.

Mots clés : solitons, nonlinearity, skyrmions, topology, nuclei, classical field theory

Participants :
- Durham University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet PathAutoBIO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Pathogens establish a range of strategies to efficiently infect and persist in their hosts. These mechanisms are as varied as pathogens themselves, which poses many difficulties for fighting infections. A deep understanding of host defense mechanisms is thus crucial for developing innovative therapies. Sensing of pathogen-derived nucleic acids is pivotal for induction of host defense. The adaptor molecule STING plays a central role in this defense and coordinate activation of immune responses. Recent studies showed that cytosolic DNA sensing and subsequent STING activation also leads to induction of autophagy, a degradative pathway involved in metabolic recycling and regulation of infections and immunity. Both STING and autophagy are involved in a range of diseases e.g. infectious and autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration and cancers. However, the links between STING and autophagy and their regulation of the balance between protective responses and harmful inflammation is elusive. Likewise, the roles of STING-mediated autophagy during viral infections is unknown. Using cutting-edge tools e.g. ImageStream X flow cytometry and genome-editing of human stem cells-derived brain cells using CRISPR/Cas9, PathAutoBIO will decipher the pathway of this novel STING function. We will then combine in vitro and in vivo models of central nervous system viral infection to explore STING-mediated autophagy functions at this unique site, where autophagy and STING are important for viral clearance. We will build upon the expertise of the host lab in DNA sensing, take advantage of unique tools developed for the project, and integrate leading international collaborators. Combined with my strong background in infection cell biology, our work will provide insights on the cross-regulations between autophagy and immunity. This will lead to a broader understanding of mechanisms regulating diseases presenting global threats for societies and will help the design of broad-spectrum therapies.

Mots clés : dna sensing, autophagy, sting, virus, herpes simplex, central nervous system, neuron, microglia, astrocyte, cellular communication, crispr, human induced pluripotent stem cells, imagestream x

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet CLARIFY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Doctoral Networks
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Pathology has repeatedly been highlighted as being ripe for innovation in terms of workflow efficiency and more accurate diagnostics. In fact, the estimated market growth for digital pathology systems is huge, with the forecast to reach 143 million dollars by 2019 in the EU and 205 million dollars in the USA. Despite this boost in sales, diagnostic pathology in practice today is still a slow and cumbersome process that relies heavily on the subjective interpretation of a microscopic image by a qualified pathologist. This imposes a limitation, even more substantial in small pathology departments where the pathologists might not be specialized in particular areas. CLARIFY addresses the challenge to improve pathology departments’ workflow optimising current diagnosis and monitoring processes. With this purpose, CLARIFY’s scientific goal is to develop a robust automated digital diagnostic environment based on cutting-edge technologies (such as digital image processing, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain, etc.) to enhance knowledge sharing and reach better‐informed decisions. To achieve it, CLARIFY targets to deliver an innovative, multinational, multi-sectorial, and multidisciplinary research and training programme that link two highly differentiated specialities: engineering and medicine, with a focus on digital pathology. CLARIFY’s partnership gathers relevant scientific staff from academia, industry and hospitals, which will be involved in a high-level personalised training programme that will guarantee ESRs and future PhD students outstanding Career Opportunities. CLARIFY will disseminate results to a wide spectrum of stakeholders, create awareness in the general public about digital pathology and encourage careers related to this field among young students.

Mots clés : digital pathology, machine learning, cloud computing, image processing, image retrieval, computer aided diagnosis, blockchain

Participants :
- Tyris software sl (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 250904.88 €
- Stavanger University Hospital (Norvège) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 292342.32 €
- Bityoga as (Norvège) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 292342.32 €
- University of Granada (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 250904.88 €
- Universitat Politècnica de València (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 501809.76 €
- University of Stavanger (Norvège) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 584684.64 €
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 531239.76 €
- Erasmus MC (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 265619.88 €
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 250904.88 €
Projet SpaceUseDrivers (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Patterns of space use by animals appear to be immensely diverse. However, recent work has suggested that they can all emerge from the interplay between only four drivers: cognitive abilities, movement constraints, social behaviour, and environmental conditions. Despite the considerable implications of space use patterns for ecological processes (e.g. nutrient fluxes, disease dynamics, invasions, extinctions), we still lack a unified theory of the causal links between the observed breadth of space use patterns and their drivers. This is mainly because there is little integration between field studies of the different types of movement (e.g. territoriality, nomadism, migration), and an uncomfortable divide between mechanistic movement models and data. In this project, I will combine for the first time individual-based modelling and recent advances in statistical analysis applied on a unique portfolio of tracking data comprising three ungulate, two seabird, and one fish species. This approach will enable me to 1) develop a universal individual-based model of animal movement that can generate all existing types of space use patterns, 2) infer what biological mechanisms and parameters are implied by the patterns observed in nature, and 3) introduce a new methodology to the movement ecology research field. I will use this new integrative framework to specifically investigate four hypotheses on the drivers of site fidelity (residency), spatial segregation, migration and aggregation. This project will not only greatly advance our understanding of the determinants of space use patterns, but will also be a crucial precursor to predicting how complex natural and anthropogenic environmental changes may impact animal populations.

Mots clés : movement, space use, individual based modelling, statistical modelling

Participants :
- University of Glasgow (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SocioEcoFrontiers (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

People and nature are inextricably linked. Overcoming global challenges (e.g. food security and sustainable development) thus requires an integrated social-ecological perspective. Although essential for achieving international nature-development goals (e.g. Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services – IPBES; Blue Growth agenda; Sustainable Development Goals - SDG), the operationalization of social-ecological integration remains challenging. In particular, functional integration (i.e. bridging of science with policy or practice) is crucial for social and ecological resilience in light of current environmental change. Focusing on coastal and marine social-ecological systems (SES) and marine spatial planning (MSP), I will combine field-based studies, systematic reviewing and in-depth interviews to critically explore conditions facilitating or hindering social-ecological integration at global, European and national scales and enhance benefits of using integrative approaches. Two impactful case-studies (small-scale fisheries in São Tomé and Príncipe and Mozambique) will allow me to undertake a comprehensive analysis of these issues and their implications for marine biodiversity and human wellbeing, including socio-economic and gender aspects. This project will contribute towards addressing calls for enhanced and multifaceted social-ecological integration and facilitate interdisciplinary career development of a researcher moving from Biosciences Department (University of Exeter, UK) to Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities (NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal). By reframing environmental sciences as a field centred on social-ecological dynamics, this project will bring science and society together in a common effort to deal with sustainability challenges, while advancing cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral (academic and non-academic) knowledge exchange and facilitating academic development (researcher and host organization).

Mots clés : global sustainability challenges, interdisciplinary research, marine social ecological systems, science policy interface, small scale fisheries, social ecological change

Participants :
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 147815.04 €
Projet PAVE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

People communicate emotions constantly. They express their emotions, intentionally and unintentionally, through their behaviour, language, and body; perceivers readily observe and interpret those expressions in others. These emotion communication dynamics are key to successful social interaction. The proposed project will capture these dynamics by adopting a panoramic, multi-modal approach to emotional communication: looking at how the same emotional experience is expressed in multiple streams (e.g., face-to-face and on social media), and is perceived by multiple observers (e.g., friends, romantic partners, and automated algorithms). This approach can go beyond existing research on emotion communication, which is stymied by attempts to isolate specific unimodal communication streams. The outgoing phase, which will take place at Princeton University, supervised by Prof. Diana Tamir, will use this integrated approach to examine whether the positive outcomes generally associated with emotional disclosure requires the disclosee to gain accurate understanding of the discloser’s emotions; to identify when different perceivers will be accurate vs. inaccurate; and to develop new algorithms for automated multi-modal emotion perception. The incoming phase, which will take place at the University of Haifa, supervised by Prof. Simone Shamay-Tsoory, will examine the neural mechanisms supporting the emotion communication processes studied in the outgoing phase. The project has the capacity to advance basic science in psychology, neuroscience and computer science, with multiple real world applications: distinguishing the roles of disclosure and accuracy, can help encourage healthy, beneficial disclosure; identifying relative strengths and weaknesses of communication modalities can help improve interpersonal accuracy, which can lead to better relationships; improved automated emotion assessment can help emotion research, clinical treatment, and emotion-aware software development.


Participants :
- University of Haifa (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269998.08 €
- Princeton University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Re.B.Us (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

People suffering for disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS) often have to cope with every-day challenges. In spite of our strong commitment to primary prevention, CNS disorders significantly impact on the global burden of disease. Thus, restoring the physiological function of a dysfunctional brain is a primary challenge. As pharmacological treatment is not suitable to restore broken neuronal pathways, research is exploring biological and engineering approaches, but the sole exploitation of either of these strategies is technically limited by inherent pitfalls. Neural transplants benefit of the intrinsic plasticity of ‘real’ neurons, yet the interaction of the graft with the host nervous tissue is consequently poorly predictable. Silicon-based technology provides highly controllable systems, yet at the cost of limited flexibility. Here, we intend to overcome these limitations by exploiting a novel ‘hybrid’ approach. We will establish a functional partnership between a biological ‘graft’ neuronal network and an intelligent controller that fine-tunes the dynamics of the graft by activity-dependent neural control and mediates its integration into the diseased host nervous tissue. We aim at obtaining a biocompatible hybrid device of previously unexpected stability, capable of pursuing a self-healing process of dysfunctional neuronal circuits. The novel biohybrid system conceived in Re.B.Us will be at the core of further development of innovative neuroprostheses endowed with intrinsic adaptive behavior and capable of bi-directional communication with the host CNS, that would restore, by themselves, the function of a diseased brain, with no anatomical or pathophysiological boundaries. By virtue of its unprecedented therapeutic potential, Re.B.Us will undoubtedly impact on EU economy by reducing the financial burden of public health and improving the societal impact of CNS dysfunction.

Mots clés : functional brain repair, biohybrid intelligent system, closed loop control, electrophysiology, brain slices

Participants :
- Italian Institute of Technology (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet CRISP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

People with mental health problems experience significant inequalities including high levels of early mortality, morbidity, unemployment, poverty, isolation and social exclusion. This also presents major health, social and economic challenges to wider society. Our International Network unites leaders from academia, policy, practice, business and community organisations from the EU and US. Each partner has an impressive track record of leading evidence-based policy and programme development at a national level and each has pioneered participation in research of people with lived experience of mental health problems. This transatlantic network will share and build upon state of the art knowledge in four key areas of social inclusion: citizenship, recovery, stigma and public policy. Our collaboration will enable new knowledge, synergies and solutions to emerge by connecting our diverse national and disciplinary perspectives with the lived experiences of people with mental health problems. Through the network we will enhance the skills and career opportunities for researchers and practitioners, and contribute towards the sustained inclusion of people with lived experience. This grant will enable us to share our learning in profound ways to understand ‘what works’ in very different social contexts, including through interaction between the four themed work packages. There is a strong commitment amongst partners to maintain the network long term. As partners we have considerable experience in supporting participatory mental health research with migrant citizens, people who are homeless and diverse ethnic minorities. Social exclusion is often intensified for women who encounter gender-based discrimination and cumulative adversity. Therefore, throughout this proposal, we will pay particular attention to issues of intersectionality in relation to gender, and consider how promoting social inclusion, citizenship and rights must take account of social identities.

Mots clés : mental health, citizenship, stigma and discrimination, recovery, person centred care, public policy

Participants :
- University of Ulm (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 121500.0 €
- Yale University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Mieli suomen mielenterveys ry (Finlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 63000.0 €
- Illinois Institute of Technology (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Strathclyde (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 220500.0 €
- New York University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Mental Health Foundation (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 72000.0 €
Projet PERIGROWTH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Persistent socioeconomic cleavages between world-leading and late industrialising peripheral countries threaten the post-crisis recuperation and undermine the sense of solidarity necessary to address the world’s most pressing challenges. Attenuating core-periphery asymmetries will be contingent on the ability of peripheral countries to generate sustainable economic growth, but there is no simple solution to achieve this. My project will address this challenge through a direct analysis of the productive and institutional structures of the two largest and most diversified peripheral economies, Spain and Korea, between 1985 and 2011. Using detailed case-studies of three industries based on a modified Global Value Chain methodology, the research will explore the character of state-firm interactions in these two countries and their role in shaping strategies for economic transformation as they upgraded from mid- to high-income economies. I will contend that upgrading in Spain and Korea was based on three factors: proactive states, coherent state structures, and symbiotic or co-dependent state-firm interactions. However, I will show that variations in the strategic and financial resources of state and firms, and in the influences of role-model countries, led Spain and Korea to pursue a different sectoral specialisation in complex services and manufacturing respectively. The research will be carried out at the University of California San Diego and the London School of Economics. The output will consist of a monograph and three academic papers. This project will enhance my career prospects by establishing me as an expert in economic transformation, expanding my publication record, developing my skills in international project management, and strengthening my international professional networks in the US and Asia. No less importantly, the results of the project will contribute to current European goals for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth.

Mots clés : industrial transformation, sustainable economic growth, upgrading, state firm relations, state activism, competitiveness

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269857.8 €
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €