Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SUPRALOCAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Citizen initiatives in our cities are developing innovative answers to local public needs, through direct actions such as urban transformation processes. Urban scholars have interpreted these processes and innovations as locally-determined phenomena, disregarding the increasing participation of citizen initiatives in networks and organizations at national, european and global level. The aim of SUPRALOCAL is to investigate whether and how supralocal networks and organizations of citizen initiatives share, institute and innovate knowledge and resources for urban action, influencing the generation of innovative urban transformation processes by local citizen initiatives. Combining two inquiry methods - ethnography and cooperative action-research - the research explores the local effects of three supralocal networks and organizations on two cases of citizen-initiated urban transformations in Italy and Germany, focusing on their long-term development and their short-term adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis. Relevance of SUPRALOCAL: i) to enrich the debate on citizen-initiated urban transformations and innovations with a supralocal analytical perspective, beyond localistic interpretations ii) to scale up the innovative impacts of supralocal networks and organizations, informing leaders of networks, policy makers and citizens. SUPRALOCAL objectives: i) to understand whether and how these supralocal networks and organizations influence the generation of innovative answers to problematic situations in urban transformation processes developed by local citizen initiatives ii) to describe how supralocal networks and organizations share, institute, and innovate repertoires of knowledges and resources for urban action ii) to further explore the effects of direct citizen action in the publicization of problems iii) to develop a strong interdisciplinary and independent research profile in urban planning and policy, focused on citizen initiatives, supralocal dynamics and innovations

Mots clés : urban innovation, citizen initiatives, civil society, international networks, urban transformations, urban regeneration, urban practices, planning, public problems, direct action, citizen networks

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet Sci4all (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : European Researchers' Night
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Citizen science is an efficient way to democratise science, bring the public and science closer together and enhance both public knowledge as well as understanding of science. The key objective of the Sci4all project is to involve the citizen science movement in a frame of several pre-event activities such as trainings, challenges and conferences as well as in a broad spectrum of innovative event activities at the actual European Researchers’ Night. It will incorporate formats such as Science Slams and Science Cafes, more than 34 scientific booths and 16 workshops as well as social activities to bring the public and science closer together, but also to encourage young people to pursue a career in the STEM domains. Interdisciplinarity plays a significant role in this project and the presented innovations and activities integrate more than 25 domains aiming to increase general public awareness of the diversity of scientific research. An important part of Sci4all is also the dedication to the legacy inherited from past generations in order to encourage more people to discover and engage with diverse cultural heritage topics. In this context, Sci4all fits well into the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018. Researchers from almost all significant research institutions in and around Vienna committed to be part of the Sci4all activities. Moreover. Support for the event promotion was stated by the major public stakeholders, funding agencies, initiatives and therefore according authorities. The Sci4all project integrates 5 partners with different competences, backgrounds and public outreach therefore being able to implement successful European Researchers’ Nights in Austria in 2018 and 2019.

Mots clés : science, research, citizen science, cultural heritage, stem, science slam, workshops, general public

Participants :
- Science communications schutz & partner gmbh (Autriche) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 17500.0 €
- University of Vienna (Autriche) — Partner, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 18125.0 €
- Practical Robotics Institute Austria (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 88250.0 €
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (Autriche) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 15882.5 €
- FH Campus Wien (Autriche) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 9375.0 €
Projet OptimCS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Citizen science – research conducted in whole or in part by people for whom science is not their profession – is increasingly valuable for society, ecology, and conservation. Natural resource and landscape management based on the best available science is increasingly relying, at least in part, on citizen science data to make informed and adaptive decisions supporting biodiversity conservation . The data collection power of citizen science is enormous, but as citizen science at this scale is a new development in ecology and conservation, there is a great deal of inefficiency in this process. The largest inefficiency is that, to this point, the most ‘successful’ citizen science projects generally have a haphazard sampling regime replete with redundancies and gaps in the associated citizen science data. Can we direct this enormous amount of effort more efficiently? What steps can be taken at the upstream portion of citizen science projects to maximise efficiency of analyses with downstream datasets? This project will build a workflow which allows us to maximise the information content that citizen scientists contribute to our collective knowledge of biodiversity by developing algorithms that predict the highest ‘valued’ sites in time and space for biodiversity sampling by citizen scientists which leads to more efficiently directing effort in space and time.

Mots clés : ecological modelling, species distribution models, citizen science, biodiversity, trend models, pareto frontier

Participants :
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 174806.4 €
Projet TRANSCLASS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Class, as a leading category that explains unequal social relations between labour and capital, emerged out of the context of a national state framework. This research examines how class is made and imagined in instances in which transnational processes of global capitalism release both capital and labour from the confines of a single nation state, and what remains of the nation state’s role as the guardian of particular class interests and in managing change. The answer will be provided by a multi-sited ethnographic analysis of posted work, one of the flagship European Union projects which involves the transnational subcontracting of foreign labour for short-term projects under the provision of service. The analysis will be conducted from the perspective of Polish workers posted to Belgium, their direct employers and the Polish state as the leading European state who posts labour abroad. By bringing to the fore the transnationally and culturally sensitive investigation of class, the research will help to understand current economic situation and power struggles, and to gauge the practical and political possibilities for action towards a more just and equal European society, including providing an informed basis on which to create posted work regulations, currently under the debate by the European Commission. At the theoretical level, the research will offer a fruitful cross-fertilization, whereby ethnographically sensitive, anthropological inquiry will inform industrial relations research and help to reconceptualize class in the transnational era. The action will further my academic development towards acquiring a professorship position and will open up collaborative possibilities on multi-disciplinary projects related to mobility and European transformations with Interculturalism, Migration and Minorities Research Centre at KU Leuven.

Mots clés : class, transnationalism, transnational mobility, posted work, poland, european transformations

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet EPI-TRADEOFF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Climate change and its consequences on the oceans represent major challenges for marine species, which either need to migrate to remain in their optimal niche or need to adapt to avoid extinction. While the genetics and genomics of adaptation are well studied to predict the future state of marine biodiversity, major gaps remain about the role and mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity within and across generations. Particularly, climate change is multifold and non-parallel stressors limit evolution: indeed, organisms cannot allocate infinite resources into all responses, and trade-offs therefore emerge. Because stressors are often investigated in isolation, our overall understanding of molecular trade-offs is limited. In this project, we will study the impact of two major concomitant challenges induced by climate change, namely the change in ocean salinity and the associated change in the parasite community. We will use the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) fish from the Baltic Sea, which has been coined a “time machine” because of its rapid salinity change mimicking the future of the oceans. We will investigate the osmoregulation-immunity trade-offs mediated by DNA methylation. After identifying these trade-offs, we will use a network approach to shed lights on the interactions of methylation within gene clusters, and their expression (RNA-seq). We will use data generated by the hosting group on (1) natural populations of the Baltic Sea and (2) experimental acclimation to salinity, completed by a common garden experiment testing the induction of trade-offs by both parasite infection and salinity change. This project will advance our understanding of the mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity in marine organisms and their consequences on adaptive evolution.

Mots clés : life history trade offs, three spined stickleback

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet JUCLFUT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Climate change is a complex problem that requires solutions that reach across the boundaries between local and global and economic and ecological spheres of policy and everyday life. The challenge of ensuring that the benefits and burdens of transitioning to a carbon neutral future are equitably distributed within and across communities is thus one of the most pressing currently facing humanity. Pensions have recently emerged as key actors in the pursuit of “green” investment, due to their fiduciary duties and the sensitivity of physical assets to political, regulatory and environmental effects of climate change (Government of Canada, 2018; Gold and Scotchmer, 2015; OPTrust, 2018; Mercer, 2018). At the same time, their involvement in the financialization of housing (e.g. turning housing into a pure commodity, severed from its social function as shelter) is exacerbating the global housing crisis, making it increasingly difficult for growing numbers of people to access their human rights to shelter (August, 2019; Farha, 2019; Parish, 2019b). Furthermore, even while COVID-19 has made the right to housing all the more urgent, the economic fallout from the pandemic is exacerbating the crisis as growing numbers of people are now at risk of mortgage default and eviction. This project therefore investigates the social effects of specific green housing projects financed by pension capital in order to assess the extent to which these investments are addressing climate objectives in a manner which also respects the internationally recognized human right to safe, adequate and affordable housing, and conforms to the imperative of a just transition, as defined by the EU as one which is “inclusive for all” and where “no person or place is left behind”. The central Research Question this project will answer is: What are the social and gendered effects of pension backed investments in green housing infrastructure on households and communities?

Mots clés : urban sustainability, financialization, housing crisis, gender, social justice, just transition, climate change, green development, gentrification, environmental gentrification, social reproduction

Participants :
- De Montfort University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet EpiStress (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Climate change is a global problem that is drastically changing our planet. Increased precipitation in Northern Europe has caused major crop losses, in part due to the oxygen deprivation experienced by the waterlogged roots. In mammals, epigenetic mechanisms (histone demethylation) have recently been identified that play a major role in the response to low oxygen levels (hypoxia), and response to infection. There are striking similarities between the mammalian and plant responses to hypoxia and infection. My preliminary analyses suggest that the epigenetic mechanisms that control these responses in mammals may be conserved in plants. EpiStress aims to determine if major changes to the epigenetic landscape underlie (i) gene expression changes in response to hypoxia and/or immune response in plants; (ii) the trade-off between the hypoxia and immune programs. These aims will be achieved through three objectives; (i) determining if histone demethylases are novel players in the regulation of hypoxia response in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana; (ii) testing if histone methylation or acetylation changes underlie the trade-off between hypoxia response and immunity; (iii) describing the epigenetic changes that occur in response to hypoxia in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and if these changes can explain corresponding gene expression changes. Fundamental mechanisms will first be established at Maynooth University, Ireland under the supervision of Dr. Emmanuelle Graciet. The potential for crop adaptation to climate change will be explored during a secondment at the state agency Teagasc, Ireland under the supervision of Dr. Ewen Mullins, using barley, Ireland’s most widely grown tillage crop. A combination of genetics, hypoxia and pathogen treatments, chromatin immunoprecipitation with next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq), RNA-seq and bioinformatics will be used throughout this project to identify a major new pathway of hypoxia and infection response in plants.

Mots clés : hypoxia, n end rule protein degradation pathway, crop adaptation

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet ETUT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Joint Doctorates
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Climate change means a huge challenge as we have to use more distributed renewable energy sources, which are all connected via power electronic converters, and in this same time frame personal transport is shifting rapidly towards more electric transport with a great demand for power electronic specialists. But simultaneously we experience a massive lack of electrical engineers in western Europe, while the lack of good paying jobs in eastern Europe force highly skilled engineer to work in under-payed jobs not matching their training. The ETUT societal objectives are + to provide bigger career perspective for Ukrainian engineers via collaboration with top western universities, and + to train more electrical engineers, making them available for European society. The scientific objectives are to develop and integrate advanced methods to model, design, evaluate, measure and monitor economic, measures for a safe, reliable, efficient and greener electrical transport system. The detailed coordinated multidisciplinary multinational doctoral training program will provide the trainee researchers with a complete broad experience and at the same time allow them to develop and eventually lead their focused area of research. Specific innovations expected to be achieved through ETUT are integration of power electronics with battery management systems, simulation and modelling methodologies to develop integrated electrical power systems for electrical transport and a novel approach to the supply of electrical energy to railway networks. This may have far reaching consequences and may even see the railway network supporting or replacing local electrical utility networks. Dissemination methods to realize optimal impact will include scientific publications, presentations and workshops, summer schools, training of engineers in industry and dissemination through newsletters, interviews, school visits, websites and social media.

Mots clés : electrical transport, power conversion, electromagnetic compatibility

Participants :
- University of Twente (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1490422.66 €
- Dnepropetrovsk State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport (Ukraine) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200200.28 €
- University of Nottingham (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1743835.14 €
Projet eLection (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Climate policy has been under negotiation at international level for more than twenty years. During this period, mitigation efforts and studies on implementation and governance of climate policy have focused on industrialised countries, paying little focus to emerging economies. Recently domestic laws have started to be enacted worldwide stemming from this international debate. In this context, efforts to mitigate climate change require ambitious long-term policies and commitments; however domestic public agendas are prone to modifications by changes in public administration after every election, thus creating the risk of ineffective implementation. The study of the socio-economical and political dynamics affecting the design and paths followed by climate policy fit the Horizon 2020 programme on Societal Challenges. The objective of the project “Evaluating the performance of local climate policies in Mexico (2009-2018)” (e-Lection) is to assess what are the determinants of the diffusion and successful implementation of climate policy at local jurisdictions. This research takes an in-depth look into climate governance and policy implementation in Mexico as an example of an emerging and democratic major economy actively involved in climate policy. It offers an excellent example for this purpose since it has stated publicly its climate policy goals since 2008. Mexico with its 32 federal entities and around 2470 municipalities offers a vast laboratory for studying the different factors that determine continued implementation of domestic climate policy over the last decade. The contrasting contexts in which implementation takes place in Mexico offer a comprehensive view that will provide valuable information to policy-makers locally and globally. The U.K has a long-standing tradition in the study and design of climate policy and associated economic instruments. Particularly the work made at the CCCEP has provided insightful research to policymakers around the world.

Mots clés : climate policy, evaluation of policy implementation, long term action

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet CLARION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Climate-carbon feedbacks are a key unknown when projecting future climate change. Large ranges of feedbacks have been identified within the climate models used to make climate projections. Therefore, to make reliable and believable climate projections, there is an urgent need to reduce this uncertainty. In CLARION, I will focus on land-surface models (LSMs), the terrestrial component of climate models. I will investigate how observationally-constrained probability density functions (PDFs) of key model parameters (generated via Data Assimilation - DA) can be used to reduce the range of possible future climate-carbon cycle feedbacks. This will be done in three key steps using the UK JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) LSM, though, critically, the methods developed throughout this project will be applicable to any LSM. First, I will identify the key climate model parameters controlling the carbon, water, and energy cycles, and their relationship with future carbon climate projections. This will be done through sensitivity analysis experiments based on multi-ensemble runs. Second, using sophisticated Bayesian techniques and the extensive amount of in situ and Earth Observations available, I will calibrate these parameters to create observationally-constrained PDFs. Finally, these PDFs will be used to constrain the range of climate-carbon cycle projections by propagating the reduction in parameter uncertainty. This project will build on my strong expertise in DA techniques and will complement the Host Institute's cutting-edge emergent constraint work, which considers narrowing the range of climate feedback across models. This project will be a unique opportunity to take my demonstrable technical know-how and apply it to the climate change problem, generating high-impact results. During CLARION, I will also launch a JULES DA working group which will bring together the different UK expertise, encouraging collaborations throughout the project and beyond.

Mots clés : climate change, data assimilation, earth observations, reducing uncertainty, land surface model

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €