Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet OPTIUWS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Integrated urban wastewater systems (Catchment, Sewer networks, Wastewater treatment plants and Receiving water media) management is of great importance to meet the requirement of the European Water Framework Directive (Council of the European Communities). Iron salts addition urban wastewater systems (UWS) is able to prevent corrosion and odor control in sewers and maximize phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment bioreactors and hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas in an anaerobic digester. However, these processes are typically manipulated separately towards sub-systems. By recognizing and enhancing their connections, an integrated management strategy would deliver plant-wide or system-wide optimization with tremendous economic and environmental benefits. OPTIUWS addresses these challenges by exploring a unified UWS platform and designing advanced control methodologies for system-wide iron salts addition management. OPTIUWS will be hosted by DTU (Technical University of Denmark), co-hosted by LU (Lund University) and collaborated with industrial partners (BIOFOS and VA SYD) to train the experienced researcher (ER)’s mathematical modeling skill, leadership & international collaborations skill and transferable skills in communication and outreach, finally to formulate a freely distributable software prototype. By this project, data collection campaign in WP1 and the new set of software prototype from WP2- -WP4 developed in OPTIUWS will significantly contribute to a direct connection with public communities, promoting ER’s industrial career, making UWS management a corner stone of Europe's sustainability vision while fostering a strong landscape in Europe and worldwide.

Mots clés : urban wastewater system, system wide control, modelling, optimization, prediction

Participants :
- Technical University of Denmark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 164484.0 €
Projet SOUNDCONE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Intense light beams propagating in nonlinear defocusing media behave identically to fluids. This raises the fascinating perspective of studying fluid dynamics using light. These ``photon fluids" and have been shown to exhibit remarkable properties such as superfluidity and condensation (similar to Bose-Einstein condensation). Here, we wish to use photon fluids for the creation of artificial flowing spacetime geometries otherwise thought to be the object of more complex and less (experimentally) accessible theories such as event horizons and black holes. The advantage of photon fluids over real fluids in this context is related to the great precision with which the fluid flow is determined by controlling the spatial phase profile of the laser beam. This will allow us for example to also include angular momentum in our black holes, something that has never been done before. In essence, we will study photon fluids with vorticity and look for novel effects including super-radiance amplification at the expense of the rotational motion of the black hole. My studies will develop these ideas and account for the full experimental complexity, paving the way for experiments. These complexities include nonlocal effects within the photon fluid and possible deviations of the standard dispersion relation. These studies will also bridge the gap between Bose-Einstein condensate physics (BEC) and photon fluid physics and will focus on the presence of superfluidity within the photon fluid and novel methods for detecting related effects such as frictionless flow. We will develop a quantised model for the photon fluid fluctuations and thus pave the way for the study of true quantum effects in these artificial fluids. Examples of these effects would be the amplification from quantum fluctuations. These studies will on the one the hand push the boundaries of general relativity applied to condensed matter systems and on the other pave the way for room-temperature superfluid physics.

Mots clés : ergoregion gravity analogue superfluid hydrodynamics condensate

Participants :
- Heriot-Watt University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet TReSFiDS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Intense short light pulses have recently been used to manipulate the optical and electronic properties of solids, promising applications for future ultrafast optoelectronics devices. However, the origin of these strong-field processes has triggered an intense debate. To identify the main contributing physical processes and their dependence on the properties of the system, it is essential to access these strong-field dynamics in their sub-femtosecond time scale. Motivated by these very recent advances, I will determine strong-field dynamics in several classes of solids, and show how time-resolved spectroscopy can be used to access the response of the medium to intense fields. I will perform numerical simulations based on time-dependent density-functional theory, benefiting from the expertise of Prof. Madsen's group in developing numerical methods for strong-field physics also in complex many-body systems. This will allow me to explore strong-field dynamics in classes of solids which are especially promising for ultrafast applications, as identified by previous findings in high-order harmonic generation. In addition, I will take advantage of my previous analytical work in atoms and molecules, also in collaboration with experimental groups, to solve the semiconductor Bloch equations and develop associated analytical techniques, in order to interpret the numerical results. Training in numerical methods will be reinforced by a secondment in the group of Prof. Bauer, while constant interactions with experimentalists will ensure the identification of the most suitable systems, and exploitation of the results. By identifying key spectroscopy features and relating them to the underlying strong-field dynamics in solids, this work will guide near-future experiments in time-resolved spectroscopy of condensed-matter systems, and facilitate the design of suitable materials for applications in the very recently established field of multi-petahertz optoelectronics.

Mots clés : strong field physics, ultrafast processes, attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet MECHANOIDS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Interaction between cells and their mechanical microenvironment plays a key role in the regulation of development, physiology and disease. Cell behaviour is also regulated by the dimensionality of the microenvironment: 2D cultures display biological traits that generally differ from those of 3D tissues, thus limiting their potential in biomedical research. This limitation has been addressed by the recent development of Organoids, which faithfully preserve a number of distinctive tissue traits. Still, current biophysical tools and conceptual frameworks are not yet suitable to probe and understand the mechanobiology of 3D organoid systems. This project aims to study and manipulate the mechanobiology of normal gut and colorectal cancer organoids. We will develop tools to quantify the 3D stresses applied by an organoid embedded in a gel. By measuring its 3D surface stresses and Young’s modulus we will quantify its interstitial pressure and contractility, key parameters in organ growth and tumour progression. Pressure and contractility will be related with key biological parameters such as geometry, cell adhesion and proliferation. We will fluorescently tag proteins in the organoids that will allow us to track individual cells, as well as monitoring their polarization and adhesion. The relationship between mechanics, geometry, and cell function will be further assessed by chemically reducing proliferation, mechanical stresses and adhesion. We will also modify the mechanical state of the organoids through optogenetic means. We will express proteins in the cells to control Rho-GTPases upon illumination, thereby steering the local stresses at will. We will modify organoid pressure, contractility and geometry and study their influence on the phenotype. As organoids emerge as novel tools in biomedical research, we expect that studying and manipulating their mechanobiology will bring key insight into disease and development processes, and potential new therapeutic targets.

Mots clés : organoids, tumoroids, optogenetics, biomechanics, mechanobiology, mechanotransduction, traction force microscopy, colorectal cancer, lumen, bioengineering

Participants :
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet COBOTNITY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Interactive digital storytelling systems can be used to foster the development of creativity skills and enhance social awareness on our societal issues, aspects recognized to be strategic for our own future sustainability and competitiveness. However, current interactive storytelling approaches face important limitations in the implementation of digital characters. On the one hand, some systems provide very capable socially virtual agents used as characters, but enacted in a virtual world where technology is rather a barrier to effective creative thinking and collaboration. On the other hand, settings with tangible objects facilitate discussion in groups as well as the development of relevant critical social skills, but with characters unable to show advanced smart capabilities to enrich storytelling for a more effective process. Hence, given the current state-of-the-art of technology, the main objectives of COBOTNITY are: to timely provide an affordable community of hybrid artificial agents (called surface-bots) capable of drawing a high range of digital expressions while providing tangible interaction to be used in collaborative creative storytelling; and, to provide a better understanding on how a surface-bot community can effectively be used to foster creative thinking and social awareness on societal issues. The project proposal draws on the knowledge of HMI on interaction with artificial agents (both virtual and robots) along with its expertise on interactive storytelling, as well as on the candidate’s experience on creativity in collaboration. COBOTNITY is relevant to the MSCA Work Programme because it will allow developing new research competences, ensuring advantageous skill and knowledge transfer, and opening new perspectives in diverse sectors for potential technology transfer such as entertainment, museum interaction settings and learning games.

Mots clés : storytelling, agents, surface computing, collaborative systems, creativity, robots, tangible user interfaces

Participants :
- University of Twente (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet EMPIRE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Intercontinental Migrants and Pathogens in the Portuguese Empire: a biomolecular approach to diet, nutrition and mobility in the early globalized world The early modern period (15th-19th C) saw the birth of the so-called early globalization and for the first time different continents were linked by international routes with an unprecedented frequency and scale, creating an interconnected world and global market. The Portuguese Empire was one of the central actors in the transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology and diseases across the Atlantic Ocean, a process known as the Columbian exchange. In particular, the transfer of foods between the two sides of the Atlantic is one of the most significant events in the history of economic development of the last two centuries.The introduction of new crops such as potatoes in Europe, or intensive cultivation of sugar and coffee as well as the introduction of livestock in America, had measurable repercussions on the welfare of European countries, however, their real contribution to the diets of the general populations is unclear. EMPIRE will elucidate the history of global diet and oral health during transatlantic travels using palaeoproteomic analyses of ancient dental calculus and characterise people’s overall diet on the European and South American sides of the Atlantic through isotopic analysis of bulk bone collagen and lipids. This fellowship will provide evidence of diet and health of ordinary people who are often left silent during historical transitions which tend to focus on social elites or large-scale political narratives. The innovative approach in this study may open the door to investigate a wide variety of pressing archaeological questions in countries with a similar colonial past.

Mots clés : paleodiet, bioarchaeology, transatlantic travels, columbian exchange

Participants :
- Autonomous University of Barcelona (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet CogLit (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Interdisciplinary research between literary and art study and empirical disciplines such as linguistics and cognitive science lacks genuine reciprocity: scholars of literature and art have drawn extensively on linguistics and cognitive science, but literary and art-philosophical discourse has had little impact in these empirical domains. This project argues for genuine, two-way interdisciplinary practices in literary and art study and aims to show how research in empirical domains can not only influence but also be influenced by the investigation of literary and other art forms. The first objective of the project will focus on mental causation in order to refine my suggestion that what distinguishes works of literature and art from other objects is their cognitive aetiology: drawing on Relevance Theory, I will argue that artworks and literary texts are causally related to an art-specific type of relevance-yielding creative mental state, that I term an artistic thought state. The 2nd objective will focus on intended effects: it will take as starting point the relevance-theoretic notion of a worthwhile effect in order to introduce a new, neurologically real type of effects (positive perceptual effects) that make both artworks (e.g. literary texts) and artistic thought states relevant to individual minds. The discussion will have implications for hypotheses in various empirical domains. The IF will, among other things, result in a monograph (‘Literature as a Cognitive Object’), which will make one of the first systematic and empirically tractable proposals in the 21st century on the essence of literature and art and provide a concrete example of how genuine interdisciplinary practices in the Arts and Humanities can directly influence theory formation in scientific domains. Innovative public engagement will be a central feature of this project through a non-academic secondment at the ONCA Arts Centre and collaboration with the UK Centre for Contemporary Poetry.

Mots clés : relevance theory, essence of literature, linguistic v cognitive properties, perceptual and cognitive, effects, cognitive infrastructure, cultural transmission

Participants :
- University of Brighton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MODCOMS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Interfaces between oxides can provide entirely new ways to realize novel properties. The goal of this research project is to further clarify the fundamental relationships between composition, crystal structure and ionic transport properties in a novel system based on the hexagonal YMnO3 type structure. This system shows a remarkably large reversible - oxygen storage capacity (LR-OSC) at very low temperatures 150-400C, and the experienced researcher(ER) hypothesizes that this transition may strongly depend on the energy related to the hetero-structure interface (HSI) formation that is naturally formed in modulated composite structures (MODCOMS); in this case between an YMnO3 and Y2Mn2O7 based structure in 3D (i.e., throughout the bulk material). Here, selected promising compositions from the ER’s preliminary results, where cationic substitutions have stabilized the mentioned transition from previously >100bar O2 gas pressure to 1atm P(O2), and can be synthesized under ambient air conditions will be used to make detailed studies possible at practical conditions. The ER will study the structural, thermogravimetric, electronic, thermodynamic and kinetic properties at the host at Northwestern University who is a well renowned expert in the field of oxides. The results from experiments will be linked to computational modeling studies at the returning host group at Chalmers. The overall goal will be to find an experimental and theoretical guiding principle to design HSI in MODCOMS, to combine the excellent performance achieved from HSI in 2D by thin film techniques, with the low production costs for bulk materials by using interfaces in 3D in MODCOMS. The new insights will lead to new breakthroughs in the design of novel materials systems that can utilize interfacial transport in 3D to realize ionic transport and oxygen storage at very low temperatures; properties highly desirable for clean energy technologies like solid oxide fuel cells and heterogeneous catalysts.

Mots clés : nanoionics, oxide ion conductors, hetero structure interphases, oxygen storage, interfaces, storage, ion transport

Participants :
- Northeastern University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Chalmers University of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178993.8 €
Projet SAInTHz (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Interfaces of water and aqueous solutions play a prominent role in many technological and natural processes. The liquid/solid interface is the main driver for many electrochemical reactions. Water being present everywhere, the fields of applications are numerous. The adsorption and release of various gases by the oceans and rain droplets is one of them. The aim of this project is to study the interactions between water and charged interfaces. We will establish an advanced nonlinear optical spectroscopy setup and combine it with terahertz excitation, thus revealing the vibrational properties of the interface and controlling the surface charge via the terahertz electromagnetic field. We will first develop and validate the technique on water and will then proceed in applying the technique to study various aqueous interfaces such as fatty acid/water systems, lipid/water interface, mineral oxide/water interfaces.

Mots clés : interfacial water, optical sum frequency generation, second harmonic generation, electric double layer, and surface physical chinterfacial water, and surface physical chemistry

Participants :
- Université de Bordeaux (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196707.84 €
Projet SWeaT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Internet-of-Wearables (IoW) is already a reality embodied in commercial products for fitness, such as Fitbit, Apple Watch. These devices record activity data (speed, distance, heart-rate, impact forces) and are connected to the Cloud through Bluetooth enabled access points. Smart wearables of the next generation of will integrate bio-chemical sensing to capture body dynamics at molecular level and in real time. Sweat, naturally produced by the human body, will enable non-invasive access to rich sets of bio-markers. However, sweat-based IoW devices face many challenges: bio-compatibility, flexibility, durability, data integrity, low-power consumption, lightness in weight and low-cost construction. SWeaT (Smart Wearable for Fatigue Tracking) will address all these issues and will enable coaches, physicians and trainers to better analyze the performances/fatigue trade-off by real-time monitoring of athletes’ parameters. To this purpose, SWeaT will develop a low-cost wearable device capable of sensing and recording a full set of relevant electrolytes concentration in sweat, sweat rate and temperature. The device will take advantage of: (i) a custom IC in low-cost CMOS technology to provide early readout and signal digitalization (ii) micro-fluidic paths to properly manage the sweat flow during real-time measurement. A Bluetooth Low Energy module will be embedded in a sport gear to enable lightweight, minimal invasiveness, 10-to-100-meter wireless range communication. SWeaT plans to reach TRL 5 and to develop a Minimum Valuable Product by the end of the action to fully exploit the developed technology. SWeaT will be implemented at the University of Pisa with a secondment in Barcelona at the Microelectronic Institute. Through SWeaT and its tailored training plan, Dr. Dei will greatly enrich his scientific and soft skills towards his next career challenge.

Mots clés : internet of wearables, smart wearables, biochemical telemetry, dehydration tracking

Participants :
- University of Pisa (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €