Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet HADG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

While cohomology theories of various kinds are known on algebras, here we explore the much harder problem of what is the ‘homotopy’ of an algebra as a geometric object? For example, when is an algebra ‘simply connected’? The project will make sense of this notion using a constructive approach to noncommutative differential geometry in which the possibly noncommutative algebra A is extended to a graded algebra of ‘differential forms’. The Experienced Researcher will first develop and study a recent proposal of a Hopf algebroid D_A of ‘differential operators’ associated to this data, the existence of which is implied by the More-Eilenberg theorem applied to the category of bimodules on A equipped with flat bimodule connections. In the classical case of functions on a smooth manifold, this would be a version of the path groupoid and Morita equivalent to π_1. He will then relate it to a proposed new construction of a universal (co)measuring bialgebra adapted to the differential graded case as a generalised ‘diffeomorphism group’ and to a proposed new notion of differential ‘character variety’ defined by each Hopf algebra H as the moduli of flat connections up to equivalence on quantum principal bundles over A with fibre H. Classically, the holonomy associated to a flat connection identifies this as maps from π_1 to the fibre group modulo conjugation. Using these ingredients, the further aim will be to arrive at a quantum differential geometric picture of the Turaev-Viro invariant of 3-manifolds and generalise it to a suitable class of differential algebras A. The project will also study an analogue of D_A in Connes’ spectral triple approach to noncommutative geometry based on an axiomatic ‘Dirac operator’, explore generalisations at the level of 2-categories and Hopf monads and look for applications to algebraic models of quantum gravity, where both diffeomorphism invariance and ‘loops’ are expected to play a fundamental role.

Mots clés : hopf algebras, quantum groups, hopf galois extension, quantum riemannian geometry, principal bundle, fundamental group, d module, differential operators

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet TopNanoBiosen (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

While electrochemical biosensors are attractive methods of cancer detection, thanks to their low cost and ease of use, nanostructured materials (NSM) are being widely utilized as their biosensing elements due to large surface-to-volume ratio and high sensitivity to external charge transfer. Despite the promise of high performance, current NSM-based electrochemical biosensors for cancer detection focus on one NSM analyzing only a single biomarker type, which makes them unsuitable for low-concentration biomarker detection as required in the analysis of bodily fluids. The combination of several biomarkers has both conceptual and experimental challenges, since different biomarkers have different requirements on the NSM type with different chemistry and transduction mechanisms. Thus, the morphological and physical differences have to be considered for co-integrating such diverse NSMs. I propose to elucidate the effect of NSM morphologies, compositions, and junctions on the operation, sensitivity, and fabricability of biosensors for cancer detection. This goal will be achieved by employing realistic carrier conduction simulations of state-of-the-art NSM assemblies with varying morphology, geometry, and transduction mechanisms to external stimuli. Using my expertise on complex-network-based modelling, the proposed project will provide guidelines for the design of nanostructured devices for optimal biosensors, and allow extrapolation towards the highest achievable performance. This knowledge will inform the fabrication of assay-type electrochemical biosensors for applications in cancer diagnostics. The strong multidisciplinary nature of the project will benefit from the complementary expertise between me and the host institution, enabling a synergy of fundamental advances and application-oriented research. My proposal opens up a new route for achieving high sensitivity biosensing for future diagnostics and therapeutics.

Mots clés : nanostructured materials, complex network, cancer detection, biosensor

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet SurvCom (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

While officers’ accountability appears modern, past societies had their own systems for local communities to engage in politics and even in procedures to control public office holders. Most European regions experienced a major socio-political transformation in the 13th century, with significant expansions in the number and range of officers nominated by central powers (e.g. the king) to represent them, govern and execute justice. This increase was accompanied by varied attempts to implement accountability procedures in order to evaluate whether officers were executing their duties properly. The overall objective of SurvCom is to analyse the participation of local communities in holding public officers accountable in late medieval southern Europe. This analysis will answer three fundamental questions that correspond to the specific objectives of the project. 1. Were local medieval communities effectively empowered by their participation in officers’ accountability? 2. What was their resulting input in the designing and shaping of the incipient states? 3. How did their engagement in controlling office-holders relate to the longue durée shift in the relationship between governors and governed in the transition from feudal to absolutist societies? SurvCom focuses on a comparative analysis of territories from Castile, the south of France and the north of Italy and draws on interdisciplinary perspectives. Firstly, it uses Surveillance Studies, an emerging field analysing how surveillance practices work and their role in shaping current and past societies. Secondly, SurvCom uses Gender Studies to address informal relations and provide a means to integrate women’s agency in the interaction with officers and central powers. SurvCom will bring new perspectives to debates about statebuilding from below, corruption studies and officers’ accountability and will transfer knowledge regarding historical experiences on governance and surveillance from below (sousveillance).

Mots clés : surveillance studies, statebuilding from below, new administration history

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet DEPART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Who should have a right to participate in the making of political decisions? Political theorists have thus far approached this important moral question in two ways. Theorists of territorial rights argue that the right to make laws on particular territories belongs to groups, such that a person’s enfranchisement derives from her group membership. In contrast, democratic theorists argue that states should enfranchise anyone affected or subjected by their laws, regardless of group membership; if not, their lawmaking is undemocratic. This creates an intriguing dilemma. As they stand, the prominent theories preclude a straightforward dual commitment to democratic decision-making and collective territorial rights: we must either give non-members a say over a group’s lawmaking on ‘its’ territory, or withhold various individuals’ right to a democratic say. DEPART solves this impasse. It will conduct the first systematic exploration of how theories of territorial rights and democratic participation may be plausibly combined, and thus develop a unified theory of rights of democratic participation (through voting) in territorial states. The project will use what is known as the method of reflective equilibrium – a common methodology within the Anglo-American (or ‘analytical’) tradition of normative political theory/political philosophy. DEPART will achieve several valuable goals. First, by showing how insights from apparently disparate approaches may pull in the same direction, its unified theory gives a promising framework for fruitful future research on territorial rights and democratic participation. Second, it gives policy-guidance on several issues on the EU agenda, including whether EU citizens living in another member state should have a say in that state’s national elections – an issue recently raised by the Commission. Third, when communicating its action and results, it reinforces public awareness of the value of democratic participation (especially among youths).

Mots clés : normative political theory, territorial rights, democratic participation, anglo american, analytical tradition

Participants :
- Aalborg University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €
Projet DIV_INV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Why do some inventors build up knowledge in a broad variety of technological areas, while others stick to their field of expertise? Recent research has shown that inventor teams involving an individual with diverse knowledge are more likely to introduce breakthrough inventions. In the light of a general trend towards specialization and teamwork, this finding raises concern about an undersupply of breakthrough inventions and warrants policy intervention to stimulate individual knowledge diversity. However, to design effective policy instruments, we need to know how highly skilled knowledge workers make decisions regarding the scope of their expertise throughout their careers. To this end, the proposed research aims to explicate the mechanisms driving knowledge diversity decisions of individual inventors.

Mots clés : innovation, breakthrough innovation, knowledge diversity, inventor, knowledge worker, specialist, generalist, recombination, patent

Participants :
- Bocconi University (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet METABOLON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Why most plant natural products escape industrial production? So far, synthesis of many of these high-value compounds in microbes is simply based on putting together all the players in a pathway. Nevertheless, to produce its stunning chemical diversity, nature uses much more elaborate biosynthetic networks, frequently involving the formation of macromolecular assemblies termed metabolons. These complexes utilize dynamic interactions and partner exchange to produce the desired compounds in a coordinated fashion. To take my biotechnological expertise one step further, I will study the dynamic mechanisms that rule the assembly and regulation of metabolons and use this knowledge to reshape the way microbial production platforms are engineered. METABOLON clearly introduces a new level of analysis and intervention into metabolic engineering, by examining the efficiency of complex formation and the fine molecular details that could affect enzyme performance. In addition, it develops tools and methods to obtain a molecular understanding of the role of the host membranes in heterologous enzyme function. Importantly, it introduces the concept of altering the host environment to mimic that of the native pathway host, and suggests approaches to achieve this in the case of the ER membrane. With a pressing need to move towards a bio-based society (H2020 priorities), METABOLON will set the blueprint for the rational engineering of the many complexes that create a plethora of bioactive compounds, natural aromas, flavours and colours. METABOLON will help me immensely to develop a unique skill-set that brings together my previous expertise in metabolic engineering with newly acquired knowledge in enzymology, single-molecule microscopy and biophysics. This will enable me to develop an interdisciplinary research program and pursue an independent academic career in the highly demanding field of synthetic biology.

Mots clés : metabolic engineering, yeast, plant biochemistry, enzymology, membrane, liposome, terpenoid

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €
Projet EMiFT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wind tunnels play an important role in the early era of developing high-speed aircrafts. And reproducing high-speed flight conditions above Mach 8 on the ground is usually restricted to impulse wind tunnels, whose test time lasts only several milliseconds. However conventional force measurement techniques requires a longer time. Aerodynamic force measurement in such a short time is a great challenge, since measuring aerodynamic forces is crucial in wind tunnel tests. The stress wave force measurement technqiue shows to be quite suitable for force measurement in impulse facilities. However, decoupling response signals to stress waves is still phenomenologically processed, resulting in rough force measurement results. Indeed, that the elastic waves propagate in the sound speed, which is almost equal to the flow speed, is the basis for the stress wave balance (SWB). So separating elastic waves and shielding reflected waves, the key in designing SWB, are an elastic wave propagation problem. Elastic metamaterial (EMM), a kind of artificial material, has the designable frequency bandgaps, which can be used to guide waves. Hence EMM will be a good choice for developing new SWB to accurately measure impulse aerodynamic forces.Then the challenging scientific and technical problem is two inverse problems: one is how to inversely design EMM, the other is how to inversely estimate forces. With a forward-modelling knowledge on EMM, a parameterized objective function will be generated and a multi-objective optimization algorithm will be applied to solve the problem of inversely designing EMM. When the response signals are decoupled, identifying aerodynamic forces will be a typical inverse problem. A fuzzy inference method will be developed to solve such an inverse problem with the aid of impulse response functions that acquired by calibration tests. Experiments in lab will be used to validate and optimize the inversely designed EMM and force identification scheme.

Mots clés : elastic metamaterial, impulse aerodynamic force, inverse problem, impulse wind tunnel, stress wave balance

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178320.0 €
Projet SEXISM2022 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

With SEXISM2022 I aim to identify contemporary manifestations of sexism and examine their nature, prevalence, and consequences from the target’s and the perpetrator’s perspective. Addressing existing research gaps, in this project I will systematically examine 1) ways that sexism is expressed today; 2) the extent to which cis women and men, non-binary, and transgender individuals are exposed to, and perpetrate, sexism; 3) causal links between exposure to sexism and lifestyle and career choices; and 4) perpetrators’ perceptions of the effects of sexism, and their willingness to use sexism strategically for their own benefits. In SEXISM2022, I will also study how characteristics – such as race, ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation – intersectionally impact on the exposure to, and perpetration of, sexism. To complete these objectives, I will draw on a wide repertoire of cutting-edge methodology, including diary studies, representative surveys, and experiments. Ultimately, the project will facilitate a better understanding of contemporary sexism, which is paramount to prevent its occurrence and mitigate its negative consequences. SEXISM2022 will be hosted in the Psychology Department at the University of Exeter, supervised by Prof Ryan, who has extensive research experience on related topics. The project builds on initial work I started during my PhD where I documented a new, contemporary form of sexism and developed a scale to measure it. The fellowship would enable me to continue, and significantly expand, my research on contemporary sexism while joining a world leading research group. This will advance my research skills and help me close gaps in my skillset that increase the chance for a successful career in academia, such as the consistent use of open science and communicating research results effectively with the public. Completing SEXISM2022 will also enable me to establish myself as an expert on sexism inside and outside academia.

Mots clés : sexism, gender equality, women s careers

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet PEGASUS-2 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With [Pegasus]², the Research foundation Flanders (FWO) aims to enhance human capital in fundamental research in all scientific domains by attracting more excellent researchers to Flanders via the incoming fellowships, as well as by bestowing researchers in Flanders with increased international experience via the outgoing fellowships. This brain circulation through international and intersectoral mobility will not only foster excellence in the researcher’s training and career development, it will also contribute to dissolving regional and (inter)national boundaries and bring the European Research Area nearer to completion. Based on the success of the previous cofunded programme and the lessons learned from its execution and external evaluation, [PEGASUS]² is a deepened and extended programme including two fellowship schemes for experienced researchers: (1) 3-year incoming fellowships and (2) 3-year outgoing fellowships composed of two years of research abroad and one return year to the fellow’s host institution, in order to reintegrate into a long term position. Candidates can be of any nationality and active in any scientific discipline. In line with the European Charter and Code, the FWO is committed to fair and transparent recruitment and appraisal procedures, safeguarding the excellence and attractiveness of Flemish research in particular and of the ERA more generally. Fellows will be offered attractive employment conditions including a bench fee on top of the living and mobility allowance. By providing support and training all within an optimal research environment and enjoying the best working conditions, [Pegasus]² offers experienced researchers a unique opportunity to boost their research career through international and intersectoral mobility.

Mots clés : international and intersectoral mobility for experienced researchers, incoming and outgoing mobility, career development for experienced researchers

Participants :
- Research Foundation - Flanders (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 6372000.0 €
Projet CHAMELEON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Joint Doctorates
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The first detection of an exoplanet marked a new epoch in our hopes to detect extraterrestrial life. These detections have opened new parameter spaces and demonstrate that physical and chemical conditions exists in (A) planet forming disks that are vastly different from what we know in the solar system and in (B) (exo)planets that are vastly different from those that characterized planet Earth when life originated in an anoxic soup, and yet could allow for life-bearing chemistry to occur. In this MC-ITN, we focus on the development of Virtual Laboratories which will be the crucial tool to analyze in detail current and future disk and exoplanet observations, and for filling the gaps of incomplete observational data. Our Virtual Laboratories will use advanced numerical and statistical methods that comprise input from astrophysics, computational chemistry, laboratory and theoretical physics, geosciences, mathematics, and computer sciences. Virtual laboratories play a key role in simulating yet unexplored physico-chemical environments. Our 3 major objectives are: -- Scientific: Retrieve and predict the chemical composition of planet-forming disks and exoplanet atmospheres. -- Technological: Knowledge transfer between planet and disk community by the exchange of state-of-the-art codes. Apply and develop models of different complexity as link between big observational and numerical modelling data. Explore models as Virtual Laboratories for parameter spaces that cannot be reached by observations nor by (laboratory) experiments. -- Educational: Train complex modelling and big-data interpretation. Use fascination for exoplanets and their birthplaces to promote science in the society and in the local and wider communities due to dedicated art & education and art & science projects.

Mots clés : planet forming disks, kinetic chemistry, atmosphere physics and chemistry

Participants :
- University of Groningen (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 796859.64 €
- University of St Andrews (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 340479.64 €
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 759595.81 €
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 892566.0 €
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 303172.56 €
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 512640.0 €
- University of Antwerp (Belgique) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 512640.0 €