Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ROMAVANTGARDE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

ROMAVANTGARDE aims to reveal a particular phenomenon in the history of music: the effervescence of avant-garde networks in Rome during the 1960s. This phenomenon saw the first steps of influential figures to come: Frederic Rzewski, Alvin Curran, and Ennio Morricone. But it is also of particular interest as it involved a large number of artists from varied national and cultural horizons, connected diverse institutions (schools, bars, religious establishments), and saw the encounter of various genres (art music, jazz, and popular music) to create original repertoires. As a consequence, this is an ideal case to show how art music creation—despite the enduring paradigm of the individual genius—is a collective phenomenon involving human, but also nonhuman actors (institutions, artifacts, ideas). To do so, ROMAVANTGARDE will draw specifically on Actor-Network Theory (ANT), but also on Social Network Analysis (SNA). Through this case study, ROMAVANTGARDE aims to advance knowledge on the history of twentieth-century music and to reveal Rome as a cosmopolitan city actively participating in the construction of the European musical landscape. At the same time, It aims to further research on creativity and to encourage the recent exchanges between network theories and music studies. This project will be undertaken in Sapienza University of Rome, a reputed university for research in the history of music. Sapienza is also the ideal institution to carry out research in the city’s libraries and archives and to carry out the collection of testimonies before witnesses disappear. Professor Emanuele Senici, an internationally renowned music historian with extensive experience in the history of modern and Roman music, will supervise this project. This experience is thus expected to have a profound impact on my training, scientific maturity, and reputation and to place me in good stead to qualify for a tenure-track position in Europe.

Mots clés : music, 20th century music, avant garde, rome, italy, history of music, musicology, actor network theory, digital humanities

Participants :
- Université de Rome « La Sapienza » (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
- Université de Padoue (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CHIAGRAM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

In this proposal, chiral active granular matter (CHIAGRAM) is designed and investigated through a combination of numerical, experimental, and theoretical studies. Granular particles are characterized by collisions that dissipate energy and have been recently “activated” by breaking the translational symmetry of their shapes or internal components. The novelty of this proposal lies in the introduction of chirality through the breaking of the rotational symmetry. The resulting CHIAGRAM will be characterized by a broad range of fascinating single-particle and collective phenomena, such as circular motion, clustering, hyperuniformity, and spatial velocity correlations, whose properties will be systematically investigated through experiments and theoretical models. The implementation of an airflow mechanism and the behaviour of CHIAGRAM under flow will represent an intriguing forward research step in the field of (active) granular systems and, more generally, active matter. Emergent properties, such as negative mobility, odd diffusivity, as well as long-range collective phenomena, are expected because of the interplay between airflow and chirality. The project will fundamentally benefit from the expertise of my supervisor, a world-leading and pioneering scientist in the field of (chiral) active matter, as well as from the experimental and theoretical support provided by the secondment host, a world-leading expert in (active) granular systems. CHIAGRAM will distinguish for originality, proposing a novel granular material with fascinating properties that will open a new research line of experimental and theoretical investigation bridging active chirality and granular matter.

Mots clés : active matter, active granular matter, chiral active particles

Participants :
- Université Heinrich Heine de Düsseldorf (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €
- École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CircuLock (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The construction sector is responsible for more than 7 % of the world’s anthropogenic CO2 emissions, primarily due to cement production. The cement production alone accounts for 4 % of CO2 emissions in the European Union (EU). The construction sector is also resource intensive, using billion tons of natural resources and generating billions of tons of construction and demolition (C&D) waste yearly. In fact, approximately 30 % of all waste within the EU comprises C&D waste. To address these challenges and move towards a sustainable society, it is imperative to implement circular economy (CE) principles within the construction industry. A key strategy is to design the structural elements with the ability to disseminate and reuse in different projects, a design approach known as Design for Disassembly (DfD). This project focuses on the design, development, and evaluation of an innovative corrosion-free end locker to enable an efficient DfD in RC structures. By aligning with CE principles, our approach aims to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, minimise waste, and realise cost savings. This venture not only promises a sustainable shift in the construction domain but also propels advancements in material science, structural engineering, and numerical modelling. The project is product oriented, complemented by the development of design guidelines for practical applications of the locker system aligned with a novel construction practice.

Mots clés : construction industry, finite element simulations circular economy structural, design for disassembly

Participants :
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Brunel University London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260347.92 €
Projet URIBMD (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The diffusion of misinformation, propaganda, and conspiracy theories on social media are threating democratic values worldwide. Malevolent use of social media is not only eroding public trust in mainstream media but is also reducing citizens’ trust in democratic institutions. This decline in trust (and often in concert with unfounded claims) has led to protests and even violent rioting, illustrating a growing divide between citizens and their democratic institutions. Although several interdisciplinary solutions have been developed to gauge and control the cascade of misleading information, the threat persists and is only predicted to deteriorate. Previous research has pointed out that, thus far, little attention has been paid to the individuals’ behaviours when consuming news. In this interdisciplinary work, we set out to harness insights from emerging paradigms in cognitive science, social psychology, collective behaviour and computational social science to better understand the sociological, cultural, and psychological factors that influence individuals’ choices when consuming and sharing misinformation; and how these choices cascade throughout their social circles and communities. The project aims to gain insights into individuals’ online behaviour on three key dimensions, 1) visual attention, 2) conversational affordances, and 3) temporal information diffusion. By combining these insights with computational social science and statistical methods, and by applying them to large-scale digital trace data of EU citizens, we aim to provide new insights into the sociological and psychological factors that make individuals more susceptible to trusting misinformation. The project aims to contribute to the EU’s democracy plan of developing policies to defend EU citizens against misinformation, disinformation, and foreign interference.

Mots clés : misinformation, social media, deliberation, human behaviour, digital trace data, visual attention

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet SC-Foxy (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Pathogen-caused diseases represent one of the biggest problems in agriculture. A detailed mechanistic understanding of plant defenses against pathogenic invasion and disease progression is therefore a vital research topic, forming the foundation for the creation of more resistant crop varieties. However, at present, most studies aimed at this utilize ‘omics’ approaches or mutant analyses, which lack resolution and only allow limited understanding of plant-pathogen interactions at the single-cell level. Thus, our current models of plant-pathogen interaction do not include strictly local or temporal responses. The aim of this proposal is to address this with a pathosystem consisting of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and strains of Fusarium oxysporum, a destructive fungal pathogen of several food crops. A unique near-native imaging setup, enabling the simultaneous study of growth and infection of plant and fungus with single-cell resolution, will be used. The work in this proposal will probe the responses of individual plant cells to both pathogenic and beneficial F. oxysporum strains, in a native tissue context from the onset of invasion to full disease development. This will generate novel insights into cellular mechanisms employed by plants to fight off pathogenic invaders, while accommodating beneficial endophytes. By using a novel in vivo cell-labeling technique, exploiting the fungal avirulence effector secretion system, a single-cell transcriptome atlas exclusively of cells undergoing acute colonization will be generated. Moreover, as root barriers represent a physical hindrance for pathogen invasion, mutants affected in physical defenses will be tested. Combined, this proposal will expand our current models of immune responses to include specific cells, regions or tissues, and temporal aspects with high resolution. Such knowledge is important to develop next-generation agricultural tools and will be applicable to combat current and arising diseases.

Mots clés : plant microbe interactions plant immunity

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet DBSBOT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The application of deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a significant neurosurgical breakthrough that allows targeted circuited-based neuromodulation, which can directly measure pathological brain activity and deliver adjustable stimulation for the management of neurological and psychiatric disorders correlated with dysfunctional circuitry. Traditional DBS systems, as the standard of care in Parkinson's disease, essential tremor and dystonia, are developed based on the cardiac field, including an intracranial electrode, an extension wire and a pulse generator, with advances in engineering and imaging technologies in the past two decades. However, these devices are typically centimetre-scale, which increases the risk of haemorrhage, infection and damage during the treatments. Instead, the small and remotely powered systems may result in less invasive neuromodulation. Therefore, the proposed research aims to develop a novel micro-robot that can implement deep brain stimulation by using the piezoelectric effect induced by ultrasound stimulation in the cerebral spinal fluid. The proposed biocompatible robot can achieve less invasive neuromodulation and precise positioning by using the wireless external magnetic field.

Mots clés : deep brain stimulation, biomedical engineering, micro robot, ultrasound stimulation, piezoelectrics, magnetically actuation

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet QuantiCl (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Solute transport across epithelial cells is of vital importance for the function and development of many organs, for instance, the pancreas, liver, and intestine. Within the pancreas, bicarbonate is secreted from the ducts in order to neutralize stomach acid in the duodenum. The secretion of bicarbonate over the epithelial membrane is coupled to chloride transport in the opposite direction. The mechanism of this transport is complex due to the redundancy of transporters, protein-protein interactions, and multiple regulation and signaling mechanisms. Thus far the field relies on either bulk measurements, for example using Ussing chambers, or studies on isolated individual proteins. A more profound and quantitative understanding of epithelial transport cannot be obtained solely by either of these strategies but requires a combination of both: addressing individual proteins within their native cellular environment. Therefore, I will establish the contribution of individual transporters in epithelial chloride transport in human pancreatic duct cells by using inhibiting nanobodies to perturb the system. Then I will determine the plasticity and response of the cells to these inhibitions by measuring protein expression using transcriptomics and quantitative mass-spectrometry. Next, I will perform quantitative chloride measurements across epithelial cells, simulating in-organ conditions by changing the composition of the apical solution. Finally, I will elucidate the role of chloride transport in pancreatic duct formation by inhibiting key chloride transporters in 3D pancreatic organoids. Taken together this project will yield quantitative insights into transcellular chloride transport, within the full complexity of the native cellular environment.

Mots clés : epithelial transport, chloride, pancreas, nanobodies, organoids

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet Phe-Degradation (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Plants are anticipated to be a more sustainable platform for chemical production than fossil-fuel-based chemical production, as plants can produce various natural products using CO2 as a solo carbon source. In plants, phenylalanine (Phe) is an aromatic amino acid that acts as precursors of numerous Phe-derived specialized metabolites, many of which are utilized for nutritional, pharmaceutical, and biomaterial uses in our society. Whereas plants produce a large amount of Phe to produce such abundant Phe derivatives, Phe itself is so toxic and must be somehow safely detoxified to balance its biosynthesis and degradation. Despite a growing body of knowledge on Phe biosynthesis, however, little is known about Phe degradation, because a plant Phe degradation pathway has not been discovered, unlike the well-characterized Phe degradation in animals. This knowledge gap has been a long-term mystery in the plant metabolism research field for decades, making plant-based chemical production for Phe-derived natural products difficult on a commercial scale. The applicant has studied the biosynthesis of Phe in plants and found a piece of evidence for a putative Phe degradation pathway in Arabidopsis. Combining biochemistry and plant genetics with start-of-art metabolomics, this proposal will aim to identify enzymes mediating a novel Phe degradation pathway and elucidate the roles of Phe degradation in plant metabolism. These potential findings will uncover the unique plant Phe degradation that has never been described in animals and accelerate the development of plant-based chemical production for Phe-derived high-value chemicals.

Mots clés : amino acid, phenylalanine, plant specialized metabolism, volatile, enzyme

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet SCaLED (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Seagrass meadows have been identified as hotspots for carbon (C) sequestration, however, their full sequestration potential and its response to global change remains poorly understood and quantified. Large temporal and spatial variability of reported seagrass meadow carbon cycling rates limit our ability to robustly estimate seagrass meadows contribution to the global carbon cycle. With the SCaLED project, I will combine ecological, biogeochemical and modelling methods to develop a mechanistic understanding of seagrass meadow carbon cycling and sequestration, which will elucidate the observed variability, and thereby, enable robust present-day estimates and future forecasting of seagrass meadow carbon cycling. During the SCaLED project, I will receive training in the state-of-the-art Eddy Covariance technique, which I will apply alongside an ecological field survey, to quantify the dominant drivers of seagrass meadow carbon cycling. Using predictive and spatial modelling, I will make mechanistic regional forecasts of present-day seagrass carbon cycling, which will provide vital information for coastal managers and will help inform regional climate change policies. To further advance our mechanistic understanding and to forecast the future of seagrass meadow carbon cycling under climate change scenarios, I will conduct a secondment with ecological and biogeochemical modellers where I will develop an innovative dynamic seagrass carbon cycling model. The proposed interdisciplinary approach constitutes an unrivalled opportunity to increase our understanding of carbon cycling in the coastal zone and will provide me with a novel skillset that will set me up as an independent and innovative researcher.

Mots clés : seagrass, blue carbon, carbon sequestration, climate change, ecosystem services, coastal ecosystems

Participants :
- Université d'Anvers (Belgique) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université du Danemark du Sud (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet PhotonMeta (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Single-photon sources are crucial for many quantum information technologies, including quantum communications, computation, sensing and metrology. Typical stand-alone quantum emitters (QEs), such as quantum dots and defects in diamonds, feature low emission rates, nondirectional emissions, and poorly defined polarization properties, which prevents QEs from being directly used as single-photon sources in practical applications. Various micro/nano structures have been developed in recent years to enhance QE emission rates by making use of the Purcell effect via engineering their immediate dielectric environment, but the control of polarization, direction, and wavefront of the emitted photons has still been rarely addressed. The main objective of the project is to develop a general design approach for high-performance single-photon sources and demonstrate its use by designing and fabricating a series of advanced single-photon nanodevices with different functionalities. First, the underlying physics of QE coupling to surface nanostructures will be thoroughly investigated. We will then develop a novel holography implementation, vectorial scattering (computer-generated) holography, generating directly profiles of hybrid plasmon-QE coupled metasurfaces. Finally, based on the developed design approach, a series of nanodevices will be demonstrated, on-chip realizing photon emission with desirable polarization and phase profiles, including those of vector vortex beams. This project will enable the realization of single-photon sources with radiation channels that have distinct directional and polarization characteristics, extending thereby possibilities for designing complex photonic systems for quantum information processing. Furthermore, this project will facilitate knowledge exchange via dissemination activities along with researcher training in transferable skills, being fully committed to open science principles and chronicling the whole project in an open online logbook.

Mots clés : metasurfaces, single photon sources, quantum emitters, plasmonics

Participants :
- Université du Danemark du Sud (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 229982.4 €