Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SICILYWAR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This multidisciplinary, innovative project investigates antiquities in the Second World War context in Sicily (1940–45). The island’s cultural and archaeological heritage was under major threat from Allied bombing, landing and military occupation. The project pursues to reconstruct contexts and social networks involving the national and military authorities, archaeologists and local communities, acting and ‘clashing’ in a state of war and emergency. In particular, our research aims: a) to investigate how national, local civilian and military authorities dealt with the discoveries of archaeological finds in the area from construction of military structures by the Regio Esercito Italiano and Allied forces to the protection of antiquities; b) to reveal how the war impacted on the cities and their populations and to reconstruct contexts and social networks involving the national and military authorities, archaeologists and local communities, acting and ‘clashing’ in a state of war and emergency; c) to contextualise Sicilian archaeology in the wider European stage, comparing Sicily with other European contexts, where advancing war operations imposed exceptional measures to protect culture heritage (e.g. Belgium, France, UK, etc.). In terms of methodology, all archival and archaeological data will be assessed to obtain a full historical reconstruction of events, conveyed into a GIS and published through a book and two papers. Targeted surveys would be also beneficial to trace evidence and remains of bunkers and camps at some Sicilian sites. Our inquiry, which fully fits into the remarkable methodological pluralism of Ghent, is strongly interdisciplinary, because it embraces various subjects. They merge together in a fuller historical reconstruction and will therefore benefit historians, archaeologists, art historians and social studies experts, who are jointly interested in inspecting novel data on Sicilian antiquities, local communities and war contexts in the 1940s

Mots clés : sicily, archaeology, museums, second world war, bombing, cultural heritage, war context, impact, antiquities safeguarding, fascism, authorities

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet MarHIST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project addresses the globally important problem of how we sustain coastal and marine ecosystem services. Ecosystem services, the benefits humans gain from ecosystems, are fundamental to societal well-being, but marine ecosystem services research lags behind its terrestrial counterpart, while historical dynamics are frequently overlooked. Without understanding long-term dynamics in marine ecosystem services, we risk missing declines in services that may affect societal well-being. This includes our understanding of interactions among services, the role of societal feedbacks on service provision and prediction of social-ecological tipping points. This project aims to interrogate historical data to reveal the dynamics of coastal marine ecosystem services over decadal to centennial timescales. By integrating interdisciplinary sources and methodologies from archaeology, history and ecology disciplines, the project will examine dynamics and social-ecological feedbacks in provisioning, regulating and cultural coastal marine ecosystem services. Under the mentorship of Profs Godley and Bateman, and by collaborating with University of Exeter researchers from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, I will be able to expand my research horizons and learn new interdisciplinary skills. This will not only enable me to strengthen my CV, placing me in a strong position to achieve my career goals of becoming a leading researcher within the European community, it will contribute new interdisciplinary research to the ecosystem services and ecology fields, thus improving our understanding of the links between marine ecosystems and societal well-being, a critical knowledge gap of global relevance. These findings will also produce baseline data and methods that will be readily translatable to policy (such as the European Commission’s Blue Growth Strategy) and able to inform sustainable resource management goals, with benefits for both society and the environment.

Mots clés : ecological change, ecosystem dynamics, environmental history, historical ecology, marine social ecological systems, interviews, time series, social change, cultural values

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet DaphNet (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project addresses the theoretical and methodological questions of embodied interaction with multimedia installation art through body movement and the use of mediation technology. The ultimate goal is the definition of an effective model for the preservation of interactive artworks, ensuring future re-use and flexible access. Most interactive artwork produced since the 1990s is lost due to the lack of adequate preservation methodologies: as a result the European cultural asset is impoverished and its potential for economic growth is drastically diminished. The intrinsic interconnection of interactive artworks with computer-based technology requires a multidisciplinary approach to preservation, involving high-profile cultural and scientific competences. With this project I intend to integrate my years of experience in the field of audio preservation with strategic competences that come from user-oriented studies in embodied cognition research, in order to bridge the gap between the world of the arts and the cutting-edge technology for digital preservation. This project contributes to the Work Programme H2020 by (1) canalizing advanced competences on the safeguard and the promotion of European cultural heritage, and by (2) bridging the gap between cutting-edge scientific-technological knowledge and the world of the arts, facilitating interdisciplinary innovation and strengthening the competitiveness of the European cultural and creative sectors (Official Journal of the European Union, L 347/225, Artt. 3a and 5.1).

Mots clés : interactive art, multimodal interaction, embodiment, embodied cognition, user oriented studies, multimedia archives, digital humanities, digital philology, gender equality

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet NMOSPEC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at building a world-unique instrument for measuring novel nuclear magneto-optic spectroscopy (NMOS) phenomena. In NMOS, the differential optical response to polarized nuclear spins is probed. The project aims at observing effects both in the dispersive spectral range, such as Nuclear Spin-induced Cotton-Mouton effect in strong magnetic field (NSCM-B) and Nuclear Quadrupole-induced Cotton-Mouton effect (NQCM), as well as phenomena in the absorptive range such as Nuclear Spin-induced Circular Dichroism (NSCD). The possibility to measure the nuclear magneto-optic effects both in and out of optical resonance, in both Faraday and Voigt geometries and by using either thermal nuclear spin polarization or the more sensitive induced hyperpolarization, offers an advantage over the already established set-ups. The results obtained using the constructed apparatus will serve to prove the existing theoretical predictions of the NMOS phenomena. The ultimate goals are the observation and measurement of the novel NMOS effects as well as the assessment of their ability to resolve chemically different nuclear sites via nucleus-specific response. The proposed techniques offer advantages such as the ability to focus on a particular functional group and to gain local high-resolution information, the use of optical detection and thus, increased sensitivity and resolution over the (in principle) similar Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Additionally, NMOS will provide access to new physical observables offering different kinds of localized information than conventional NMR. These achievements will in the future have a potential for opening a wide array of applications of the NMOS effects as high-resolution analytical spectroscopic techniques in molecular and materials research, with prospects to be used in molecular and life sciences and on the industrial scale.

Mots clés : nuclear magnetic resonance, nuclear magneto optics, spectroscopy

Participants :
- University of Oulu (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 179325.6 €
Projet RETHEIR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at carrying out a comparative, multi-generational and interdisciplinary analysis of European emigrants’ descendants’ “return” from Chile to Spain and Italy. Italian and Spanish legislation and return programmes give a preferential right to entry and to nationality acquisition to foreign citizens of emigrant descent. These legal frameworks generate massive migrations that can be called the “return of the heirs” - as those who “come back” have inherited a privileged legal status, based on the “legal myth” of ethnically motivated return migration. Almost invisible in research and in the public sphere, these migrations raise urgent issues regarding European identity, citizenship, belonging and family heritage. Indeed, an unquestioned gap between the right to enter and the right to return to European countries informs present-day policies, as more and more countries base their nationality laws on jus sanguinis, giving family inheritance a central role in access to citizenship rights. This programme aims to answer this research question: how is belonging transmitted and re-created in families of emigrant descent and how is it linked to the changing nationality and return laws of the countries their ancestors came from? Its objective is to identify and compare different patterns of belonging production and transmission in families of emigrant descent, with regard to gender, nationhood, ethnicity, regional identity and law. To pursue this goal, the research will be based on a six months ethnographic regional fieldwork in Chile, Italy and Spain and on a qualitative analysis of data conducted with an interdisciplinary approach. The research project will be carried out at the Dipartimento Culture, Politica e Società of UniTo, an interdisciplinary department which will offer me training on the transversal themes on which I need to enhance my skills and will help me strengthen my competencies in dissemination and communication of research to different publics.

Mots clés : return migration, family, kinship, belonging, citizenship, nationality, gender, generations, italy, spain, chile, ethnography, qualitative analysis, interdisciplinary

Participants :
- University of Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet FOMBIST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at developing advanced optical fibre sensing technologies for multi-parametric bio/chemical measurement, urgently demanded from industry and scientific research for quality control and process study. The Fellow, Dr Jiang will be trained on a series of skills related to novel photonic devices and advanced sensing techniques at main host Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies (AIPT) and several other EU hosts. Capitalising upon his original expertise in the study of optical fibre sensing, bio/chemical measurement and liquid diffusion process, the fellowship will make him a unique asset to the EU for tackling multi-parametric bio/chemical sensing by developing new optical fibre sensing technologies capable of measuring several parameters simultaneously. Dr Jiang has proven track record in bio/chemical sensing with interdisciplinary background and his achievement has been outstanding though very young as demonstrated in his CV. The skills and technologies he will grasp will allow him to diversify his capability significantly; including fibre grating design and fabrication (at AIPT), UV and femtosecond laser micro-fabrication, fibre laser, optical fibre interferometry, nano-film coating techniques and modelling techniques for photonic devices, and highly sensitive sensing technologies. In addition, the fellowship will allow him to transfer the knowledge gained through the research to the benefit of his hosts and regional industrial liaisons together with his existing knowledge on bio/chemical detection. Starting from a particular optical fibre device, tilted fibre grating, through modelling, fabrication and optimisation on special fibres the project will explore the rich spectral characteristics of the device to decode a variety of factors for the multi-parametric sensing. Fostered by the fellowship, a leading expert in photonic sensing technologies is expected and will contribute greatly to EU industries and academic communities.

Mots clés : tilted fibre grating, chemical measurement, fibre grating fabrication, nanofilm coating, fibre cavity ring down

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet GENHIS-AFRICA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at rethinking ways of reading and writing change in African gender history. Looking at oral historical narratives and the transgenerational communication of historical knowledge among the Yaawo-speaking people in northern Mozambique, it brings the study of gender in African deeper pasts in dialogue with a cultural analysis of the contemporary historical moment. My starting argument is that our understanding of the contemporary historical moment in African gender history is strongly framed by the gender and development models of the social sciences which emphasize women’s struggle for gender equality in relation to men. This understanding influences the way in which we approach the past and write our research narratives. Through this history writing, women’s historical experiences become fixed within teleological narratives of ‘liberation’ (/‘oppression’). The past is distanced from the present along a linear path, and what is termed the ‘precolonial past’ is isolated as a separate unit of study. In my research, I seek to challenge this temporal model and explore new ways to read and write gendered histories that more fully capture the multiplicity of the gendered temporalities that constitute African existence. Overall, my study has a two-fold objective: Firstly, on the basis of the Yaawo oral historical narratives, it aims to contribute to our understanding of female political and spiritual power in Africa’s precolonial past and the historical processes of change in the colonial and postcolonial contexts. Secondly, I will study how these deeper histories also echo and are reworked in the present and thus constitute the contemporary historical experience in interaction with, for instance, more recent socialist ideas of women’s emancipation and the current development discourse on gender equality. Overall, my research proposes to open new routes in the theoretical thinking as well as the methodologies of African gender history.

Mots clés : african history, historical change and continuity, gendered temporalities, deeper past, life narratives

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet ZEBREXPANSION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at revealing the function of primary cilia during cardiovascular development and cardiovascular diseases, with a specific focus on cardiac valves, through an imaging approach based on expansion light microscopy. Cilia are evolutionary conserved organelles, involved in fundamental processes such as motility, signalling and mechano-sensing, associated with a group of developmental diseases termed ciliopathies. Cardiovascular defects are common in patients diagnosed with ciliopathies and genetic studies have identified mutations in genes coding for ciliary proteins in patient suffering from congenital heart diseases, suggesting an important role for this organelle in cardiogenesis. In particular, it has been shown that DZIP1, a cilia related protein involved in ciliogenesis, is mutated in patients. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying DZIP1 abnormal function at developmental stages of valvulopathies. Using an innovative imaging-based approach in human ciliated cells and in zebrafish, we will investigate if cilia assembly, maintenance and disassembly are correlated with essential regulatory functions of DZIP1 during cardiogenesis, more precisely in endocardial cells (EdCs) during valvulogenesis. We will test if the protein DZIP1/Iguana function is not restricted to ciliogenesis in differentiated cells, but displays dynamic functions at centrioles and in the cytoplasm, that are important for tissue-remodelling. My multidisciplinary approach will allow me to tackle this question from the molecular and structural to the cellular and tissue-scale.

Mots clés : zebrafish, cilia, expansion microscopy, light sheet, live microscopy

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet CIVICS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project aims to cognise the impact of internet voting on open government in international comparative perspective. It is inspired by the assumption that the use of i-voting for e-consultations, e-referenda, and especially e-elections promotes direct, participatory, and representative democracy as well as more transparent, engaging, and accountable governance. To test this, the project puts forward the objectives to identify i-voting impact on voters, civil society organisations, authorities, open government as a system, and discover conditions affecting i-voting impact in these aspects. In contrast to the available studies that focus on a single country, a specific i-voting campaign, or a narrow aspect and miss the link to open government, this research endeavours to examine a more complete set of i-voting countries, campaigns, instruments, dimensions and associate i-voting with open government. Conceptually it views open government as collaborative public policy making by citizens and authorities. Methodologically it will be accomplished by: policy analysis of i-voting legislation and reports; content-analysis of public and civic websites; statistical analysis of i-voting results tables, log files and public opinion surveys; and qualitative comparative analysis of i-voting- and open government-related variables. The study will be carried out at the Johan Skytte Institute of Political Studies, University of Tartu, Estonia – the pioneer institution researching e-government in the only country in the world that has implemented i-elections for all voters. Principally, the action foresees collaborating with the ERA Chair in E-governance and Digital Public Services research team, mastering advanced methods of statistical analysis, and using mixed methods to model and assess the impact of i-voting on open government venturing to circulate academic findings and practical recommendations for a more influential i-voting, empowered e-participation, and good e-governance.

Mots clés : internet voting, electronic voting

Participants :
- University of Tartu (Estonie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 142193.28 €
Projet SHADOWBANKING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to contribute to a multi-disciplinary understanding of shadow banking and banks’ interactions with it, which includes accounting, banking and macroeconomics, with the purpose to assess their response to monetary policy changes. The financial crisis revealed how the banking system is both intertwined with, and exposed to, (systemic) risks in the shadow banking system. This latter is generally defined as “credit intermediation involving entities and activities outside the regulated banking system”, or non-bank credit intermediation. The complexity of the issue, the heterogeneous legal forms and accounting practice assumed has so far limited empirical research on these “de facto” banks and their activities outside the scope of the regulatory framework. Based on extensive rating agencies’ data, we examine how global shadow banking in the form of asset-backed commercial paper (ABCPs) – where the 2007- crisis started - are affected by monetary policy and can become a potential source of financial and banking instability because of their market-based funding. This research is innovative as it takes a global view of the shadow banking system by: i) focusing on the (lending)-activities of shadow banks, regardless of their legal forms and their reporting practices; ii) including US, but also EU and UK banks as major global players; iii) using micro data at ABCPs-portfolio level. After the crisis, this issue remains relevant in the current global uncertain economic environment and in the Euro Area as early-stage regulatory initiatives (FSB, BCBS) are aiming to transform shadow banking into a resilient market-based financing as an alternative to bank funding to support the recovery of real economy. The project addresses one of the focus areas in the agenda of Horizon 2020 in line with Europe’s main challenge to overcome the economic crisis: i) understanding the evolution of the crisis and ii) understanding the impact of global trends on the EU’s economy. ---

Mots clés : shadow banking, monetary policy, asset backed commercial paper

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €