Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet REPLAXTIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The plastic waste into the environment is a global problem which is raising concern among the population. Although there are many approaches for recycling plastics, chemical recycling is now seen as one of the most promising technologies in that it allows plastic waste to become high valuable products. Bisphenol A polycarbonate (BPC) is a common thermoplastic employed in optical devices, automobile, technologies, largely because of its mechanical properties. The chemical recycling of BPC is a carbonyl reservoir for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds, with some of these reactions considered as upcycling methods because of the high value of the products. In REPLAXTIC EF-SE, “Plastic Upcycling for sustainable new generation batteries”, polycarbonate plastic waste will be transformed into added value electrolytes to power sustainable lithium ion batteries, The design of the materials will start from the catalytic depolymerization of BPC using sur measure diols, bearing e.g. anionic, oxygen rich or crosslinkable groups which can boost chemical and physical performances. This pathway will enable to have a first class of liquid electrolyte that can be further polymerized to create safe solid electrolytes for future lithium batteries. The fellow Dr. Daniele Mantione has a solid international experience in organic and polymer chemistry with an impressive track record of scientific publications and prizes. The project is going to combine the chemistry expertise of Dr. Daniele Mantione with the entrepreneurial spirit and depolymerization expertise of the start-up POLYKEY. The planned secondment to Australia will ally one of the best world-knowledge about electromaterials of Prof. Forsyth to push the real application of the disruptive upcycled products. The training in materials for energy and entrepreneurship combined with his previous expertise will equip the fellow with unique skills and increase his attractiveness in the European job market.

Mots clés : plastic recycling, lithium ion batteries, depolymerizations

Participants :
- Polykey polymers sl (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet mABSPN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) is the predominant cause of community-acquired pneumonia and causes otitis media, sinusitis, meningitis and sepsis. The increased serotype replacement and antibiotic resistance, reinforces the necessity of developing alternative treatment strategies for this pathogen. Monoclonal antibodies that boost the host immune system are attractive candidates to fight the high rates of morbidity and mortality due to this important human pathogen. Antibodies recognizing bacterial surface structures could be used to trigger activation of the complement cascade and subsequent bacterial killing. However, no significant progress has been made in the direction of immune system boosting therapies against pneumococci, mainly caused by our limited insights into antibody-driven immune activation on bacteria. With this proposal, I aim to study whether complement-enhancing monoclonal antibodies can be used as treatment against pneumococci. Through a combination of advanced sequencing approaches and functional complement activation assays, I will first identify antibodies against S. pneumoniae driving potent complement activation. Then I will use my expertise in S. pneumoniae infection models to unravel whether monoclonal antibodies eliciting complement are effective in pneumococcal killing in vitro and in vivo. The work proposed represents a first systematic approach to design effective therapeutic antibodies against S. pneumoniae that function via enhanced complement activation. Altogether, a better understanding of antibody-dependent complement activation on bacteria will create new avenues for the design of new therapeutic strategies to improve both antibody therapies and vaccination strategies in diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.

Mots clés : streptococcus pneumoniae, antibody therapy, complement, immune system, infectious diseases

Participants :
- University Medical Center Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet DEFINE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The postdoctoral project aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying sensory experience driven synaptic and circuit refinement that occurs during critical periods of brain development. Presynaptic and postsynaptic refinement involving loss and strengthening of synaptic contacts are known to occur but how these processes are coordinated and remains obscure. Failure to appropriately regulate this refinement underlies some common neurological disorders including autism and schizophrenia. The non-canonical NMDA-receptor subunit GluN3A presents a likely key factor in the timely remodelling of these circuits. This project will interrogate the completely unknown roles GluN3A plays in presynaptic postnatal refinement processes. The cellular location and trans-synaptic coordination that may define these events mediated by GluN3A will be carefully dissected through analysis of interhemispheric callosal projection axons using targeted delivery of transgenic reagents by in utero electroporation in the mouse brain. Chemogenetic and sensory deprivation approaches will provide exquisite control over activity and experience dependent roles within this refinement over critical windows of development. Revealing of cellular and molecular mechanisms that GluN3A functions through in presynaptic and axonal development will be guided by unbiased RNAseq data and explored via the latest cellular and transgenic tools. Follow up experiments assessing functional connectivity, in collaboration with colleagues at the hosting institute, will help understand the impacts on circuit function and synaptic communication arising from morphological changes of GluN3A perturbation and thus understand how healthy circuits and behaviour develop. A clearer knowledge of the molecular regulation of this synaptic restructuring from the perspective of the entire circuit and its modulation by experience during development may allow for improved therapeutic intervention in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Mots clés : synapse, nmda receptor, axon, presynaptic, critical period, refinement, pruning, activity regulated, callosal projection neurons, somatosensory cortex

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet INITIATE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The power of big data and their applications is evident through the enormous attention they have received over the past few years, with the majority of the research focusing on solving technical and business problems. However, the challenge remains on how to harness the potential of big data in order to come up with innovative solutions on various societal problems. Big data has the potential to change the way entrepreneurs, as well as the other stakeholders of a social ecosystem, take decisions, and develop new paths to create social innovation (SI) by taking informed/data-driven decisions. Nonetheless, there is limited understanding on how social ecosystems need to change to embrace the advancement that big data entails. The purpose of INITIATE is to institutionalize INnovation through bIg daTa and socIal enTreprEneurship, and to examine how to successfully exploit big data towards achieving social good and sustainable change. INITIATE will build on the current state of the art, and go beyond it by merging and extending the findings with insights from the different stakeholders involved in the SI process (entrepreneurs, policy makers, social innovators). The project will be based on a rigorous research process consisting of systematic literature review and empirical investigations and it will develop and test a framework of best practices. Interested stakeholders will use the framework as a roadmap to successfully exploit big data for SI. INITIATE will offer practical and theoretical implications through the development of prototype applications which will clearly showcase the impact of big data on addressing societal challenges. Through INITIATE both the researcher and the host institution will benefit by the transfer of knowledge, and the researcher will develop his skills further and acquire new ones. The host will benefit by the researchers’ developed knowledge, especially since this is consistent with the department’s goals and strategic focus areas.

Mots clés : big data, analytics, social innovation, social ecosystems, social good, entrepreneurship

Participants :
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196400.4 €
Projet TVSM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The pre-Columbian site of Teotihuacan in the highlands of central Mexico has captured the public imagination for centuries. For the Aztecs, it was the city of the gods and birthplace of humankind. Archaeological excavations of the UNESCO World Heritage site revealed that the unearthed relics are the cultural remains of a powerful society, dominating the period of Classic Mesoamerica during the first half of the first millennium CE. However, many aspects of this culture are still not well understood, including the role that sound and music played in its urban environment. With the aid of new technologies in geo-referenced sound mapping and multimedia applications, the ER will recreate and play the musical instruments of Teotihuacan, test their sounds both under laboratorial conditions and on-site in different architectural settings, and create a virtual sound-map of the city on the basis of the results. This research will contribute to a better understanding of the site and the sonic interaction with it of its inhabitants and, as will significantly develop the global field of archaeoacoustical research. The Teotihuacan Virtual Sound Map will create a model for exhibiting sound in the actual environment of ancient sites, which can also be applied to other settings. Through this project the ER will develop skills in field and studio/anechoic chamber recording, acoustic analysis, architectural and environmental acoustics, multimedia applications and virtual exhibition making. The ER will conduct field work in 5 distinct urban settings of Teotihuacan with 10 recording positions, using 15 replicas of Teotihuacan musical instruments; create an app with the virtual sound map of the site; create a website with the interactive sound map; create a print version of the map in form of a leaflet; give 2 workshops at the host organization, lecture at 2 international conferences and 2 national meetings; organize 1 international conference; and publish 2 research.

Mots clés : archaeoacoustics, music archaeology, architectural acoustics, acoustic ecology, phenomenology, contemporary museography, virtual cultural heritage

Participants :
- University of Huddersfield (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 337400.64 €
Projet ArcticLabourTime (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The precaritization of labour and life has led some scholars to argue that there is no longer a utopian future to work towards. Other scholars have maintained that anticipation is the dominant temporal mode of late capitalism through which present investments anticipate the profitability of the future. ArcticLabourTime complicates such accounts of capitalist time, as anticipatory or precarious, by examining how they often co-exist in tension, in specific contexts. This project further argues that peripheral places, that never experienced the securities or prosperity often imagined as universal under post-war Fordism, are crucial sites for understanding the temporal contradictions of the financialized global economy. Through critical ethnography, ArcticLabourTime examines a peripheral place, the Arctic, that historically has been characterized by abandonment and precarity, but which is currently a booming site of anticipatory investment. Specifically, it analyzes how governments and employers attempt to manage insecure and seasonal labour markets by encouraging labour mobility, facilitated by multilingualism. This action innovatively combines a critical sociolinguistic approach to studying mobility and peripheral multilingualism with an anthropological political economy of work and time. Whereas economists often assume market behavior is rational and predictable, this project demonstrates that the affective, temporal dimensions of workers’ expectations for the future are crucial for understanding how and why people are invested (or disinvested) in particular forms of work, which create value in growing Arctic hotspots. Importantly, a focus on time allows us to understand and address new forms of inequality, by revealing how the ability to invest in economic futures and plan a working life is differentiated. ArcticLabourTime examines, for instance, how differential access to material and linguistic resources enable or constrain workers’ aspirational mobility and ability to manage insecurity. Through a secondment this action further seeks to engage with policy makers and employers to address these new forms of inequality.

Mots clés : labour, migration, arctic, temporality, affect, multilingualism, work

Participants :
- University of Jyväskylä (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191325.6 €
Projet PFCmap (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is important for a wide range of cognitive behaviours and is impacted in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. The PFC is thought to function as a key buffer for working memory, allowing us to store and manipulate information across time. The PFC is therefore critical to our ability to link past and future events. To do this the circuitry of the PFC must sustain task relevant neural activity across the delay period, when information is stored in memory. This process is thought to occur through recurrent networks in the superficial layers of the PFC, however the organization of these circuits remains poorly understood. This proposal will apply cutting edge optogenetic methods to produce dense, single-cell connectivity maps to elucidate the circuit architecture of the mouse PFC, providing insight into the circuit mechanisms that support mnemonic coding. It will also explore the development of this circuit, to better understand how refinement of connectivity gives rise to adolescent enhancement in PFC dependent cognition. These findings will also test key computational predictions into the mechanisms that support delay period activity. They will therefore be of broad interest to cellular, systems, computational and cognitive neuroscientists.

Mots clés : neural circuits, optogenetics, cortex

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet DREGS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The prehistoric development and spread of grape cultivation and winemaking have impacted the world to a remarkable extent, shaping core social traditions, religious and secular rituals, and the world economy. Despite the cultural significance of viniculture, there are major gaps in our understanding of its development, including: A) when and where white berries were first propagated, B) when varieties became established into local traditions, and C) how viniculture changed during cultural upheavals. In DREGS, I will explore these questions by analysing ancient seeds excavated from archaeological sites across Eurasia and North Africa dating 1000 BCE to the Middle Ages. Under the guidance of experts at the University of York, I will be trained in 2- and 3-dimensional documentation of seeds and then recover the ancient DNA (aDNA) they contain. Preliminary results demonstrate berry colour and variety can be inferred using aDNA, so I anticipate findings on the above questions will lead to publications in top journals and generate great public interest on social media. During the programme I will also be trained in residue analysis of artefacts. I hypothesize amphorae resin preserves aDNA in archaeological sites that do not yield grape seeds. To test this idea, I will characterize lipids from resinous deposits of dozens of amphorae as well as the DNA within the resin. To properly identify DNA sequences within these complex metagenomic palimpsests, a bioinformatician at the University of Warwick will guide my analyses. Although I have just begun a lectureship, the two years of research enabled by DREGS will allow me to acquire new skills that will ultimately be transferred to students and my collaborators. Furthermore, my novel direct testing of wine artefacts will allow me to explore the history of wine across the European Research Area, raising my profile in the field and helping consolidate myself as group leader of world-class palaeogenomics laboratory.

Mots clés : cultural history, local traditions, wine, grapevine, residue analysis, ancient dna, palaeogenomics, scanning electron microscopy, three dimensional imagery, gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Participants :
- University of York (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet OCEANS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The presence of exocometary gas in young (10-100 Myr) debris disks presents a unique opportunity to probe the composition of exocomets during the late stages of terrestrial planet formation. This is the evolutionary stage when ice-rich impacts are proposed to change the volatile environment of terrestrial planets, setting the stage for prebiotic chemistry. This action will establish a new paradigm of Exocometary Science as a unique tool for probing the composition of planetary systems in the crucial, last period of terrestrial planet formation. I will expand current observational approaches, focused on observations of CO gas at millimetre wavelengths, to UV and IR wavelengths, in order to access atomic and yet unseen molecular species, including water, to probe the entire chemical variety of exocomets. In doing so, I will exploit existing observational facilities and prepare for upcoming sensitive observatories such as JWST. Additionally, I will study the origin of exocomet compositions - so far consistent with Solar System comets - and their link to a potentially common belt formation location in young protoplanetary disks. This action will set the stage for compositional inventories of exocomets, allowing us to put our Solar System comets into the broader context of extrasolar planetary systems, exoplanets and young disks, and providing a missing link in the study of planet formation and physical-chemical evolution.

Mots clés : exocomets, small bodies in extrasolar planetary systems, debris disks

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet EGYWINE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The present paradigm on wine history states that viticulture is originated in the Near East and that Europe’s wine culture is a Greek and Roman heritage. The Egyptian wine culture is one of the world’s most ancients, however, the extensive archaeological evidences have not been fully investigated. Based on Dr. Guasch’s previous research, EGYWINE will collect and document evidences (pottery and organic material) for the entire process of grape cultivation and wine production in Egypt interrelating various scientific disciplines (archaeology, paleogenomics, history and semantics). EGYWINE seeks to understand the Egyptian footprint on the wine culture history. Specifically, its aims are to: 1) Identify what is linked with wine from the Predynastic (3800-3300 BC) to the New Kingdom Period (1550-1069 BC) 2) Study the Ancient Egyptian wine jars 3) Analyze ancient wine residues from pharaonic Egypt through paleogenomics, which offer multiple perspectives of study: (i) vine genome evolution since its initial domestication; (ii) fermentation yeasts evolution; (iii) wine making process evolution, through a metagenomic analysis of the multiple microorganisms used during, or along, the wine making process. EGYWINE project will be performed at Paris-Sorbonne UMR8167 (‘Orient et Méditerranée’) and a six-months secondment at MontpellierSupAgro-INRA (UMR1334 ‘Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes’). The aDNA extraction will be performed at ‘Epigenome and paleogenome’ lab of the Institut Jacques Monod (UMR7592) in Paris and the typology wine jars study at the IFAO in Cairo. The research and training profile of these units fits all the objectives included into EGYWINE project (scientific research, training and personal career). The fellowship will strengthen the multidisciplinary research profile of Dr. Guasch, who will benefit from the excellent methodological expertise of Prof. Tallet, and Prof. Boursiquot, and additional training and support from IFAO and IJM partners.

Mots clés : ancient egypt, viticulture, wine, paleogenomics, pioneer study, proof of concept, wine jars, database

Participants :
- Sorbonne Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €