Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet APPARHU (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Urbanization has changed the land-use in Europe and the majority of the world. Over 80% of Europeans, who are expected to live in urban neighbourhoods by 2030, are at risk of developing chronic respiratory disease (CRD) due to the chronic exposure to increased levels of air pollution, that is characteristic for urban and peri-urban areas. Increased car traffic due to high population and building densities in cities have been associated with poor air quality. Research on how the continued urbanization and the built environment affect human health is emerging. To date, very little is known about how the built environment affects respiratory health in children directly, or indirectly by influencing health behaviours such as physical activity. Childhood is a period of growth and development, which makes children particularly vulnerable to changing environments. Because the respiratory system and the lungs act as the first organ of contact with air pollutants, the health effects of air pollution exposure need to be studied in combination with physical activity. Physical activity increases the breathing rate and the depth of breaths taken in, which facilitates pollutants to reach areas deep in the bronchial tree at higher concentrations, where they can cause damage locally, or be absorbed into the blood stream, and impact regulatory processes systemically. The purpose of this project is to analyze how the built environment affects the combined exposure to air pollution and physical activity with respect to children's respiratory health pre- and postnatally using an exposome approach. We will use data from the Human Early-Life Exposure (HELIX) project, including 1301 mother-child pairs from 6 longitudinal cohort studies across Europe. This research is important, because we will use original, innovative, and interdisciplinary methods to assess how the built environment affects respiratory health in early life, the optimal time point to prevent CRD.

Mots clés : exposome, determinants of paediatric lung health pre  and postnatally, built environment, physical activity, air pollution, omics profiling, gis modelling

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet INSANE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Urbanization, one of the most extreme human-induced landscape changes on Earth, yields an important trade-off between development and biodiversity conservation. Recent research highlights the relevance of considering urban landscape organization (land-sharing or land-sparing development) to advance in this debate. However, there are still few studies on the topic, mostly local, on low diversity areas or focused on few taxonomic groups preventing generalization of results. The lack of research on urban insect diversity is remarkable despite their high economic, social and ecological importance. Human-nature interactions also play a critical role in the debate on how to create nature-friendlier and healthier cities, particularly regarding urban landscape organization. This interdisciplinary project aims to provide novel and useful information to this debate by (1) studying the impact of urbanization on multiple components of insect diversity (taxonomic and phylogenetic) in an understudied hotspot (Mediterranean region); (2) exploring if land-sharing or sparing urban areas hold different insect diversity levels; and (3) investigating the influence of urban landscape organization on subjective wellbeing and extinction of experience, critical for human-nature interactions. A complete methodological approach including classic taxonomic procedures, modern metabarcoding tools, and a solid study design combining spatial, temporal and taxonomic replicates grant the generalization of findings. Furthermore, through the use of innovative machine learning techniques, this project will also provide a useful open-access tool for researchers, city planners and citizens that will predict insect diversity and human-nature interactions in non-sampled urban areas. To do so, I will be trained by world experts in the analytical and applied aspects of this highly integrative project (Urban Ecology, Genetics, Sociology, and Computer Sciences), helping me to become an independent researcher


Participants :
- University of Granada (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 259398.72 €
Projet COUPLE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Urgent decarbonisation of all energy-related sectors is vital in order to reduce climate change impact and secure sustainable growth. To achieve to this goal, increase of renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar, is crucial. Due to their intermittent nature, they are challenging to integrate in the power sector. One of the most recognized solutions is so called sector coupling – connection of various energy sector to achieve balancing of intermittent electricity production from renewable energy sources. District heating, in combination with heat pumps, is more than suitable technology for power and heating sector coupling. In order to secure the role of district heating in future energy systems with high share of variable renewable energy source, the impact of different boundary conditions such as district heating supply temperature, heat pump source temperature and availability, has to be studied. This project will provide systematic analysis of the impact of DH network parameters on the successful integration of variable RES in the power system through sector coupling and utilisation of building thermal mass as a thermal storage option. This will be carried out by developing numerical model capable of assessing opportunities of ancillary services and demand response capabilities enabled by heat pumps in future power markets combined with thermal inertia of buildings’ as the thermal storage. Then, strategies for a large-scale integration of heat pump technologies, in the power markets with a great share of variable renewable energy sources, will be developed. The project outputs will facilitate positioning district heating systems and heat pump technologies as the key component of future energy systems thus, enabling a greater share of RES in the final energy consumption, higher energy efficiency. Consequently, this will result in lower greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions thus supporting EU energy and climate long-term goals and policies.

Mots clés : district heating, heat pumps, thermal storage, optimization, sector coupling

Participants :
- European Academy of Bolzano (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet InviFo (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Using an innovative ecological perspective, the objective of this project is to conceptualize and optimize the contribution of professional staff of universities to knowledge production within in the academic ecosystem. It compares case studies in the US, the Netherlands and Spain. Professional staff does not teach or do research, but is involved in organizing these tasks. Despite this body of staff now making up 20- 50% of university employees, this study is the first to consider its contribution to knowledge production. Insights into this major but still poorly understood component of universities contributes to more efficient and effective use of these public resources. The relevance and urgency of this project are that the European Commission will allocate approximately €40 billion to universities in Horizon Europe. The project investigates the expertise of professional staff, the way it concentrates and uses its expertise, the power that it exercises through it and the effects of its power on academic knowledge production. The study consists of 1) a literature review 2) network analysis 3) ethnographic studies of professional staff in six universities and 4) the construction of a conceptual model to explain the function of professional staff in academic knowledge production. The fellow will receive training at The University of Chicago and Leiden University and through a secondment at INGENIO (CSIC/UPV). It includes an ethnography course, network analysis training and teaching and supervision tasks. This facilitates the fellow’s transition into a mature researcher, well-prepared to establish a group studying the relationship between university governance and academic practice. Results will be shared with 1) academic (seminars, conference presentations and journal publications) 2) professionals (blogs, a conference presentation and journal publication for professional staff and 3) the wider audience (presentations at science events and a videoblog.)

Mots clés : professional staff, academic knowledge production, university governance, network analysis, ethnography

Participants :
- Tilburg University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 253052.16 €
- University of Chicago (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet VERVE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

VERVE aims to explore and enable transformative social innovation (TSI) in European rural areas. Transformative change is urgently needed to break free of unsustainable development paradigms and to build regenerative futures where both socio-economic wellbeing and ecosystem health can thrive. To address this challenge, VERVE seeks to: 1) develop a transdisciplinary framework that broadens the concept of TSI to incorporate place-based socio-ecological regeneration; 2) prototype and test a novel methodology for co-creative place-based visioning, to shape future regenerative pathways for local governance processes. VERVE employs an action-oriented approach, engaging multi-sectoral and multi-level stakeholders, and empowering youth and women. It does so in partnership with a Local Action Group (LAG), a bridging organization acting as a social innovation catalyst in the case study area. This, like many rural areas, faces pressing sustainability challenges, while showing potential for innovative bottom-up experimentation. VERVE yields impacts at multiple dimensions: it activates synergies across different scientific disciplines (e.g. political science, rural sociology, human geography, future studies) and develops cutting-edge visual and arts-based techniques for sustainability science; it fosters community deep learning through inclusive deliberation and co-creation of solutions; it supports locally-led innovation pathways, empowering key players (i.e. LAGs) with new collaborative tools and sustainability narratives; it provides empirical insights and a portfolio of instruments on TSI (papers, toolkit, policy brief), contributing to the relevance and effectiveness of EU policies (e.g. CAP, Green Deal, Social Cohesion). VERVE matches the fellow’s experience in action-oriented place-based sustainability approaches with the host’s expertise in social innovation and rural governance (UNIPD), and with the secondment host’s excellence in transdisciplinary research (UBERN).

Mots clés : transformative social innovation, regeneration, sustainable rural development, adaptive governance, transdisciplinarity, co creation, visioning methods, stakeholders engagement, local action group

Participants :
- University of Padua (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet VICTIMEUR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

VICTIMEUR takes a new and original approach to studying the political uses of constructions of victimhood in selected post-socialist countries of Central and South East Europe: Albania, the Czech Republic (also Czechia) and Serbia. Victimhood - as a sense of being victimized by crimes and (historical) injustice - has proliferated in the political discourse across post-socialist Europe in the past two decades. Political leaders, civil society and the public have used collective and individual victimhood to claim rights, new policies, and legitimize new political orders. VICTIMEUR grapples with the question: How has victimhood featured in politics and political competition of post-socialist Europe in the past two decades? Using three post-socialist, it studies different meanings, notions and constructions of victimhood and how they have featured in key moments of political contestation such as power transitions. The project breaks new theoretical and empirical ground by combining transitional justice, memory and identity studies with comparative politics to shed new light on how victimhood politics has featured in contemporary post-socialist Europe, with the ambition to contribute to the current worldwide debates about the role victimhood in politics. It introduces a novel understanding of social and political victimhood that clearly manifests itself in the contemporary post-socialist Europe and is linked to a long list of collective and individual grievances that go beyond demands and identities of direct victims. Such sources of victimhood vary from memories of historical injustice related to World War II, East-West divisions, socialist political persecution, war suffering, and a recent sense of marginalization by market economies. Informed by the existing research in cultural studies, history, politics and sociology, and collecting new fresh data, this project significantly advances our understanding of the uses of memory and identity in contemporary politics.

Mots clés : victimhood, memory, identity, transition, eastern europe

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269002.56 €
- University of North Carolina System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet VIRO-FLOW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Industrial Doctorates
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

VIRO-FLOW project aims to integrate the advantages of continuous flow chemistry with in vitro microfluidic bioassay technologies for the fast and efficient discovery of novel and innovative inhibitors of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). This programme aims to contribute to the development of innovative methodologies that allow more efficient production of new compounds with anti-viral activity, specifically against HBV, for future transfer of technology and knowledge between different sectors with relevant economic impact. The global objective of this ITN-EID programme is to provide an innovative and high-level training in drug discovery and enabling technologies for 3 Early-Stage Researchers (ESRs), supported by a network of experts in anti-infective therapeutics, specifically virology and bacteriology in AiCuris, a pharmaceutical company; and the Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), a research Institute focused on sustainable chemistry in the field of catalysis and flow chemistry (through its technology development unit ERTFLOW). This ITN will educate the next generation of well-prepared ESRs, providing them with the skills necessary to pursue successful careers in a rapidly emerging field that requires novel multidisciplinary technological development as well as it will also be the channel for educating well-trained researchers with the scientific, technical and entrepreneurial skills so highly needed in the drug discovery field. This goal will be achieved through industrial doctoral training that includes international, interdisciplinary and inter-sectorial mobility, and that integrates both academic and industrial contributions. The research programme is composed of three closely related projects in the research areas of medicinal chemistry (including organic and computational chemistry), molecular biology and protein biochemistry.

Mots clés : drug discovery, flow chemistry, microfluidics, antivirals, hepatitis b, enabling technologies, computational chemistry, inhibitors, technology transfer, entrepreneurial, intersectorial, industry

Participants :
- Institut Català d'Investigació Química (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 743618.88 €
- AiCuris (Germany) (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet TaxInfoProcessing (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Various economic and socio-psychological factors have been identified as determinants of tax compliance, such as audit probability, level of fine, social norms, and considerations of fairness. However, these factors have an observable influence in some situations but not in others. Empirical studies neither reveal consistent effects of purely economic factors (audits, fines) on tax payments, nor of socio-psychological factors (social norms, fairness considerations). To determine when these factors have more pronounced influence on tax compliance decisions and when their influence is suppressed, information processing must be considered in combination with actual decisions. So far, research in the field has neglected information processing and concentrated exclusively on decision outcomes. The present research project applies eye-tracking and MouselabWeb as tools to observe cognitive processes underlying tax compliance decisions. In line with the recently influential slippery slope framework of tax compliance (Kirchler, Hoelzl, & Wahl, 2008), the central premise of the current project is that socio-psychological factors, such as social norms and fairness perceptions, influence the extent to which evasion and compliance decisions are based on economic considerations. Special attention is paid to inter-individual differences in information processing and their relation to underlying motivational postures. This ambitious and novel research project applies the investigation of cognitive processes underlying decision making to the important field of tax research where this approach has been neglected so far. The proposed project will provide new insights into tax compliance decisions and have a remarkable influence on tax behaviour research as it has the potential to crucially inform policy allowing for tailoring psychological interventions to positively influence tax compliance.

Mots clés : tax compliance, social norms, procedural fairness, cognitive process, process tracing methods

Participants :
- Tilburg University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 177598.8 €
Projet PTANOIS POSIN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Various reasons can inspire a travel. Travelling for art implies embracing new challenges, being prone to staying in the limelight and to taking risks, chasing glory, rewards, and money. Throughout the Hellenistic period and beyond, itinerant professionals of literacy and music travelled around Greece for all the above. The endeavours, paths, stories of the “poeti vaganti” -so called after the preliminary study by Guarducci (MAL 1927-1929)- are mainly documented by epigraphy, allowing us to envision a cultural and popular phenomenon that run parallel to court literature. Unknown artists and accomplished intellectuals showed off on all the renowned stages of the Hellenistic centres, delivering their performances at festivals, sacred celebrations, and occasions that gathered audience from the territory and abroad. Although the compositions of itinerant artists are sporadically preserved being mainly intended for oral use, epigraphy provides us a large spectrum of valuable elements leading through the reconstruction of the Hellenistic performative life. The study of inscriptions shows three main osmotic levels allowing us to interpret correctly the data and reach out the essence of the “movement” of itinerant professionals of the arts. The central point of this scenario is Travel, as the title of this project indicates: the expression from a Tanagra epigram (IG VII 530) “ptanois posin”, i.e. with winged feet, enshrines the essence of itinerant arts. Travel leads to disclose Performance, studied by typology and nature, and Travellers, traced in their stories and careers. This project, which obtained the Seal of Excellence in MSCA-IF-GF-2016 and also benefits from a digital version (to be developed with the CHS Harvard University partnership), investigates the “poeti vaganti” phenomenon that captures multiple glimpses of history, performative arts, and society of the Hellenism, while providing a reassessment of the ongoing discourse on cultural production of this period.

Mots clés : greek epigraphy, hellenistic history, cultural memory, ancient society, greek poetry, ancient greek, music, digital humanities

Participants :
- Sapienza University of Rome (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269002.56 €
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €