Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet HOPE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Studies in political ecology have demonstrated that our political concepts have been strongly influenced by our destructive relationship with nature, generally endorsed, they claim, by the Western philosophical tradition. These studies are invaluable but lacking. Indeed, they do not consider a political-philosophical tradition that criticised anthropocentrism, the nature-culture opposition, and the submission of nature to human ends: i.e. German Romanticism (1794-1830), corroborated philosophical source of ecology. HOPE’s thesis is that the political thought of at least a part of the philosophers of German Romanticism is consistent with the criticism against the destruction of nature by humans: to them, human beings’ freedom does not imply the exploitation of nature and they claim that some political institutions better foster a harmonic relationship with it. Can we consider German Romanticism as a phase of a (yet to be written) history of political ecology? The historical-philosophical perspective offered by this project is urgent: the increasing importance of the environment in politics demands a re-examination of our political concepts, and history of (political) philosophy offers new viewpoints coming from old insights. HOPE is divided in two phases: 1) in the first, it focuses on Alexander von Humboldt, the Romantic author who reflected the longest on the relationship between politics and nature; 2) in the second, the political thought of other key-figures of German Romanticism are investigated. The methodology of HOPE is Conceptual History; its use to address topics related to ecology will fill a gap in literature. HOPE will be hosted at ENS-PSL and DePaul University. Four research articles will be published, a workshop and a conference will be organised, a website will be created. HOPE’s communication and dissemination strategy will improve awareness on environmental issues and give relevance to women philosophers, less known than their male counterpart.

Mots clés : political ecology german romanticism classical german philosophy environmental philosophy

Participants :
- École normale supérieure PSL (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276681.6 €
- Université DePaul (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SPARC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The SPARC project tackles the urgent challenge of poorly cohesive gastric cancer (PCGC) with peritoneal carcinomatosis — an aggressive malignancy associated with a 5-year survival rate <30%. Despite advancements in GC treatment, effective therapies for PCGC with peritoneal spread remain inadequate, largely due to the tumor’s resistance to chemotherapy and the complex tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is involved in hijacking cancer immune surveillance and supporting tumour outgrowth and invasion. However, the detailed molecular and spatial dynamics promoting PCGC dissemination are not yet fully understood. The project aims to fill this gap and elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving this aggressive behavior by employing advanced spatial immunofluorescence (IF) imaging and spatial transcriptomics to map the tumor and immune microenvironment of PCGC with synchronous peritoneal metastases, leveraging a rare biobank of treatment-naïve PCGC samples. This will enable to better understand the complex cellular interactions that drive tumor growth, immune evasion, and metastasis, as well as identify and validate - at both protein and gene expression levels - novel biomarkers specifically associated with peritoneal metastasis, serving as potential therapeutic and prognostic targets for this challenging cancer subtype. The project leverages an interdisciplinary collaboration between leading research institutions – Karolinska Institutet (Sweden, host institution), Yale University (USA, secondment institution), University Hospital of Verona (Italy, collaboration partner) – and is supported by renowned experts in immuno-oncology and GC that will provide multidisciplinary training to the researcher, enhancing their career prospects while addressing a significant unmet medical need.

Mots clés : gastric cancer, cancer immunology, biomarker discovery, spatial immunofluorescence imaging, spatial transcriptomics

Participants :
- Institut Karolinska (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 236340.0 €
- Université Yale (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet STEFF (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In this action, we propose a theoretical investigation of charged particle behavior in external laser fields using the recently-described “flying focus" (FF) regime, a laser field setup which allows precise control of the position and velocity of its focus. This novel regime makes it possible to adjust the laser focus so that it co-propagates with the particle, including the situation when the particle is moving against the laser phase fronts. The resulting long laser-particle interaction time enabled by FF pulses is expected to significantly enhance radiation reaction, methods of particle beam control, and cumulative magnetic moment effects along the particle trajectories. In the classical relativistic framework, this will give us the possibility to test the equations of motion, which include radiation-reaction terms and Stern-Gerlach force in the case of particles with spin. In the quantum framework, we will first investigate analytically the probability of single photon emission by a high energy electron in a flying focus beam, and then study numerically the cascade emission of several photons (quantum radiation reaction). Finally, we will implement flying focus fields and the calculated probabilities of the quantum emission processes into the Particle-In-Cell code SMILEI. With this code, we will perform simulations of experimental setups exploiting flying focus fields in laser-particle interactions. Thus we will identify viable experiments that could lead for the first time to unambiguous radiation reaction detection, allow for methods of particle beam control, and enable us to probe quantum electrodynamics in the strong field regime.

Mots clés : radiation from moving charges, classical and quantum electrodynamics, laser driven electron acceleration, high intensity lasers

Participants :
- Université de Rochester (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Extreme light infrastructure eric (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 157544.72 €
Projet MetaSCT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

A major barrier to a wider adoption of renewable energy technologies is developing more performing materials. Grain boundaries (GBs) emerge having a strong and multifaceted impact on thermal and electrical transport, critically controlling the materials performance in applications spanning from photovoltaics, solid oxide fuel-cells, thermal barriers, and thermoelectrics. Despite the considerable technological relevance, our understanding of how the structure and chemistry of GBs govern heat transport at the local scale, where GBs operate, remains limited.  MetaSCT is a career development program designed for Dr. Eleonora Isotta, aimed at developing structure – chemistry - thermal property (SCT) relations to advance our understanding of GBs. To successfully deliver the project goals, Dr Isotta will receive advanced research training from an intercontinental collaboration of world-leading institutes and will benefit of their cutting-edge expertise and equipment. This opportunity will support Dr. Isotta’s growth as independent researcher and expert materials scientist, with lasting impact on her long-term career trajectory.  If successful, the project will uncover new knowledge on heat transport at GBs, consolidate a promising material for thermoelectrics, establish novel techniques for SCT relations with 20x higher spatial resolution than current possibilities, and develop predictive models. High resolution techniques can have significant impact on broad areas of applied materials science and energy generation. New understanding on GBs will enable the design of metamaterials with engineered GBs for several applications, including thermoelectric energy harvesting and heat management.

Mots clés : microstructure engineering, grain boundaries, thermoelectrics, thermal conductivity, electron microscopy, heat transport, structure property relations

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 184803.36 €
- Université Northwestern (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MISSION (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disease affecting 1 out of 2500 newborns. In CF patients, compromised innate immunity enhances the susceptibility to colonization of lower airways by different microbes, leading to long-term bacterial infections. Data suggests that the resulting host-pathogen interactions can shape the course of disease progression, but this relationship is still poorly understood. I propose to use CF patients' samples of exhaled breath condensate to investigate intra-microbial interactions and host-responses, especially during pulmonary exacerbations (PEx), which are recurrent episodes of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms, adversely influencing patients' quality of life. Metabolomics (i.e., the exploration of small molecules within a biological system under defined conditions) has been acknowledged to be the omics discipline closest to the actual phenotype. Thus, I plan to use an unbiased metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the chemical environment of CF lungs, with the aim of reducing interpatient variability, characteristic of CF, to increase the generalisability of the findings. I will combine this approach with clinical information and cell biology techniques to test the immune response modulation in vitro, and shed light on the important roles played by metabolites present in CF airways in the regulation of host immune responses. Targeting the main hurdles in finding a cure for CF patients, namely the interpatient variability and the elucidation of the immunopathogenesis of CF, the expected results will give a necessary contribution to the understanding of CF mechanisms, that are still largely unknown. This knowledge is in turn fundamental to guide personalised clinical decisions for early intervention and amelioration of PEx treatment. To the best of our knowledge, there are not yet studies proposing a similar methodology to achieve such an ambitious goal.

Mots clés : lc ms ms untargeted metabolomics cystic fibrosis host pathogens interactions

Participants :
- Université Grenoble Alpes (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €
- Université d'État du Michigan (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet AREB (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This three-year research and training project will throw new light on Avicenna’s creation of an influential yet neglected model for biological investigation, which centres on the organic body, i.e. the material constituent of living beings. In his biology, Avicenna (d. 1037) combines a medical and a philosophical approach to the body. On the one hand, in a medical fashion, he favours a bottom-up approach to the organic body, which is no longer considered the elusive substrate of the soul in the hylomorphic compound, nor taken in an abstract or general sense, but capable of acquiring its primary determination as a result of chemical interactions. On the other hand, the principles on which Avicenna grounds his investigation of the organic body are still philosophical. This combination brings to light the other crucial novelty of Avicenna’s biology: its cutting-edge methodology, which combines direct observation with theoretical assumptions. To implement his new biology, Avicenna revives botany and zoology by introducing the medical approach to the various forms of organic life into these sciences, thereby using empirical observational methods within a philosophical model governed by theoretical truths that are, in principle, non-negotiable. This new paradigm for life sciences remains operative far beyond the Middle Ages. The centrality of Avicenna’s new biology and its relevance for the subsequent tradition has never been emphasized in scholarship. The proposed project will fill this gap. An accurate examination of primary sources is essential to disentangle the relevant theoretical issues at the core of this project. Thus, the methodology of the proposed research will consist of a jointly philological and philosophical approach. Concretely, this means that the study of the relevant philosophical and scientific issues will be based on first-hand acquaintance with untranslated, unedited or poorly edited, and understudied Greek, Arabic, and Latin texts.

Mots clés : avicenna, biology, aristotle, galen, history of philosophy, islamic philosophy, medieval philosophy, history of medicine, albert the great

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université américaine de Beyrouth (Liban) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Pavie (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 282046.08 €
- Université de Fordham (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet UGM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The focus of my research project is the political implications of Marian devotion in the Early Modern Iberian World and its role in the colonial management of “native” communities of “Moriscos” and “Indios,” subdued since the end of the 15th century by the expansion of the Spanish Empire. In this sense, my study proposes a “political” reading of the development of Marian devotion in the Iberian Peninsula and its American colonies, analysing how its particular characteristics and evolution reflected the progressive transformation of the Spanish imperial project and encoded diverse and changing conceptions of the role of these “native” communities in the imperial fabric. Through the comparative study of the representation of “Indios” and “Moriscos” in the collective imagery, official documentation and religious literature, my research tries to question the role of the Virgin and her imagined relationship with these communities in the debate over the ability of “native” populations to integrate themselves into the colonial regime as “faithful subjects” and “good Christians”, and the place of their culture and religious sensibility in the configuration of the emerging colonial culture. Through the analysis of the intellectual and artistic products commissioned by “Christianized” Morisco and Mesoamerican elites, my project tries to elucidate how “native” communities and especially subaltern elites, facing the progressive erosion of their rights and privileges, used Marian devotion to prove the value of their cultural heritage, lineage and memory and to reclaim their place in the colonial society. Similarly, my research seeks to understand how “native” communities transformed the Virgin into a “political” symbol, through which they could legitimise their understanding of Christianity and o promote an alternative and more “inclusive” conception of the Spanish Empire against the growing acculturating and homogenising pressure of the Empire and the Reformed Church.

Mots clés : spanish empire, moriscos, indios, marian cult, politics of devotional culture, subaltern elites, native communities, comparative history, alterity, local religiosity, acculturation, catholic church

Participants :
- Conseil supérieur de la recherche scientifique (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 261380.64 €
- Université Brown (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet HopeWaves (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Cold-water-coral (CWC) habitats are sensitive biodiversity hotspots under severe threat from human activities, such as bottom trawling. This is particularly true for the CWC mounds that are recently discovered in mesophotic depths (30-150 m) of Maltese waters in the central Mediterranean. The origin of these CWC mounds is still unknown, and due to the lack of scientific data, these habitats are still not protected. HopeWaves aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the mesophotic CWC mounds in SE Maltese waters, which is essential for planning and enforcing new Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) networks. HopeWaves proposes an interdisciplinary approach (geology, oceanography, and paleoecology) to investigate the factors controlling the development of these structures in recent and past climates, including the role of internal waves and tides (IWs). The specific objectives of this project are: 1) to assess the distribution pattern of recent mesophotic mounds and their associated communities; 2) to determine the characteristics of water masses around the mesophotic mounds to define the possible depth of IWs; and (3) to develop a paleoenvironmental model for fossil mesophotic communities that were formed under a warmer-than-present climate during the Oligocene and the role of IWs in their formation. Specific planned dissemination and communication activities are in line with public and policy-makers engagement. HopeWaves will be carried out at the Department of Geosciences, the University of Malta, which, together with two secondments, will ensure high-level training on seafloor mapping, oceanographic data analysis, grant writing and project management. The fellow will also transfer her knowledge in the field of carbonate sedimentology to the host by contributing to teaching and mentoring activities. This project will increase the fellow chance of having a permanent position in EU universities, marine and oceanic institutes, and centres dealing with coral reef research.

Mots clés : cold water corals internal waves mesophotic ecosystems late oligocene central mediterranean malta island

Participants :
- Université de Malte (Malte) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 161411.52 €
- Université de Brême (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Münster (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet PEEC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Ethylene, as a key building block in the chemical industry, has large market demand. Currently, the dominant production route is steam cracking of ethane, which is a highly endothermic and carbon intensive process. Proton ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) can selectively remove hydrogen from the reaction system, thus breaking the thermodynamic equilibrium limitation. In this project, the improved PCECs equipped with high-performance anodes catalysts will be used as environmental-friendly, efficient, and reliable way to co-produce ethylene and hydrogen from ethane at low temperature (400-550 C), demonstrating ethane conversion not less than 50% and ethylene selectivity not less than 80%. Here, we will combine hydrothermal synthesis and in-situ grown nanoparticles from matrix crystal lattice to develop the nanocatalyst with the specific surface facet and meta-oxide interface. The research tasks will be distributed into 6 work packages (WPs). In WP1, We will use hydrothermal synthesis to prepare nanocatalysts with specific surface orientation and in-situ growth of metal nanoparticles from the pre-doped matrix crystal lattice to form a special anchored interface structure, improving the stability and efficiency of the catalysts. In WP2, we will integrate the well-defined catalysts into the halfcells with the BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.1Yb0.1O3 anode backbone through infiltration. In WP3, the ethane conversion and ethylene selectivity of the PCEC will be characterized by gas chromatography supported with electrochemical characterizations. In WP4, DFT calculations in combination with surface characterization will be conducted to explore the reaction mechanism of ethane dehydrogenation at the anode. In WP5, we will cooperate with other laboratories for discussion and advice. In WP6, we will disseminate our results in time to expand the impact.

Mots clés : power to ethylene, proton conducting electrolysis cells, surface orientation, in situ growing

Participants :
- Université technique du Danemark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 225868.4 €
- Université d'Oslo (Norvège) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Colorado School of Mines (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €