Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SUBSTANTIALITY (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Substances are the fundamental entities in Aristotle's ontology. Sensible substances, paradigmatically individual biological organism, are constituted by a form or organisational structure, and some matter. There are in particular two features characteristic of sensible substances: being separate, i.e. being independent in some sense, and being a this-something (τόδε τι), i.e. being an individual or something definite in some sense. What these two features exactly amount to is clearly crucial for an understanding of Aristotle's conception of substance, however, it is unfortunately also notoriously obscure and highly controversial in the literature. The purpose of this project is to clarify these two features, and thereby to advance the literature on the notion of substance and to provide new insights for important debates in contemporary metaphysics. Central in my project is a novel methodology based on Myles Burnyeat's influential work. This 'two-level methodology' reflects Aristotle's own methodology to distinguish two levels of discourse, one where a subject-matter is discussed from a more abstract perspective and one where it is discussed from a more comprehensive, causal perspective. This methodology provides the means to interpret the different passages in Aristotle's works in a context-sensitive way that allows to relativise the scope of certain assertions made there. Employing this methodology allows me to resolve a central dilemma about the notion of separation consisting in the fact that there is prima facie good reason to assume three jointly incompatible assumptions: 1) forms are substances, 2) being a substance implies being separate, and 3) forms are not separate. This method also provides the means to deal with prima facie problematic consequences of a straight forward, but largely rejected interpretation of separation, and to illuminate a largely neglected, but important aspect of being a this-something, related to final causality.


Participants :
- Université Brown (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Lisbonne (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 156778.56 €
Projet CONDEM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

For societies undergoing profound transformations, the architectural heritage of the recent denounced past is central to both urban planning and political campaigning. I will explore how after regime change the fate of such heritage – monuments, signature buildings and other sites perceived as cultural products and symbols of the ousted regime – is justified, debated and contested among the political establishment and the professional society of architects. I argue that while the former group’s decisions on heritage conveyed memory politics, architects engaged with the issue driven by ‘politics of professionalization’, i.e. a pursuit for expert agency and public recognition. Looking into the confrontations and dialogues between and among politicians and architects, I highlight nationalist or civic values attached to architectural heritage and the inclusive or exclusive dimensions in its conceptualization. My research (CONDEM) focuses on Sofia and Plovdiv, Bulgaria’s two largest cities, and three periods of political transformation: nation-state building after 1878, state socialism after WWII and liberal democracy after 1989. Located at the intersection of three research fields – urban history, memory studies and critical heritage studies – this is an interdisciplinary project combining historical and sociological methods. I will trace the evolution of the problem of heritage in legal documents, political papers and architectural critique over more than a century and conduct discourse analysis of heritage debates on the basis of identified case studies. For their selection, I employ four categories of ‘events’ that triggered intensification of the heritage debate: urbanist, corporate, heritagization and mnemonic. By investigating how the meaning of architectural heritage changed over time reflecting competing political interests, I aim to address the bigger question to what extent public representations of the past promote plurality or entrench discrimination.

Mots clés : eastern europe, regime change, nation state building, state socialism, post socialism, architects, urban planning, public space, monuments, politics of memory, contentious heritage

Participants :
- Sofiaplan (Bulgarie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Varsovie (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 194742.0 €
Projet ILLINVESTMENTS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SUSPENDED

The principal objective of this research is to advance understanding of the capitalist development of European illiberalism. ILLINVESTMENTS addresses two understudied features of illiberal capitalist development in Europe: (1) extra-European investment inflows into countries where illiberalism is under variegated development, and (2) illiberal capitalist development in Western Europe. ILLINVESTMENTS presents a novel approach to exploring an emerging multifarious investment nexus at the intersection of multiple geographical and market contexts investigates the ways in which extra-European investment inflow contribute to what it terms ‘illiberalisation’: a process by which any liberal/former liberal democracy moves towards the strengthening of the executive at the expense of the judiciary and legislature. This project examines the relationship between two sectors that have experienced significant investment inflows from Chinese and Gulf-sourced capital in shaping the illiberalisation (infrastructure and real estate) in three EU member states, at what it sees as varying stages of illiberalisation: Hungary (advanced), Italy (aspiring), and Germany (pre-). Research activities are divided into two parts: (a) theoretical, which will take place at the University of Rijeka, and (b) empirical, a qualitative case study analysis, principally using semi-structured interviews with sectoral actors, conducted in the three countries under study. ILLINVESTMENTS will create much-needed knowledge of the wider dimensions of illiberalism, moving beyond the common focus on political leadership, which is unable to capture the varied aspects of illiberal capitalist development. In so doing, ILLINVESTMENTS will fill four knowledge gaps: (1) illiberalisation as a process; (2) illiberalisation in Western Europe; (3) the role of sectoral actors in the capitalist development of illiberalism, and; (4) the role of extra-European investment inflows in the European political economy.

Mots clés : illiberalism, political economy, european union, china, germany, hungary, italy, gulf states, interdisciplinarity, 

Participants :
- Université de Rijeka (Croatie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171791.76 €
Projet REFORMS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

As the world's second most widely used metal (after iron), aluminium (Al) and its alloys play a crucial role in decarbonizing the transportation sector and achieving climate neutrality for both the EU and our world. Essentially, Al-alloys reinforced with quasicrystalline (QC) phases have the potential to be used as the main structural material in e-vehicles due to their strength, lightness, corrosion resistance, recyclability and formability. However, during the joining process of larger parts, the realised temperature may affect the microstructure and mechanical properties due to the strong flow of the material and the transformation of intermetallic phases. In this project, the process parameters of friction stir welding will be defined to obtain high-quality joints. The joints will be developed using an interdisciplinary approach combining reliable microbeam analysis technique electron backscatter diffraction, product and process engineering to determine optimal process parameters as well as tool design and management to obtain process automation. The collaboration between the Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology (ACMiN) of AGH University of Krakow and non-academic partner Iskra ISD will provide the researcher with the highest possible skills and competencies that will contribute to EU competitiveness and growth in the field of novel alloys reinforced with QC. Working closely with industrial partner Iskra ISD, the developed technology will be carefully validated. Completion of the project will represent a major step forward in the applicability of novel Al-alloys and contribute to a significant reduction in resource consumption and GHG emissions.

Mots clés : electron backscatter diffraction, microscopy, metastable quasicrystals, reduction of co2 emission, high strength lightweight materials

Participants :
- École des mines et de la métallurgie de Cracovie (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 194742.0 €
- Iskra (Slovenia) (Slovénie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MAPEX (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The consensus ΛCDM (Lambda-Cold Dark Matter) model of cosmology has shown remarkable explanatory power over a variety of cosmic scales and epochs, and it narrates a reassuring story of a universe currently filled mostly with dark matter and dark energy. Yet, this explanation is not fully satisfactory because the actual nature of the dark components remains a puzzle. Furthermore, cosmologists have recently reported significant anomalies concerning the delicate balance of cosmic expansion and structure growth, without a compelling solution.  The main objective of the MAPEX project is to reassess this far-reaching problem from a new perspective, and determine if cosmological tensions can be traced to the most extreme cosmic web environments: deep voids and dense superclusters. This EU-funded action will allow me to access unprecedented new data taken at the Vera Rubin Observatory, solidifying and broadening the Hungarian contributions to the next-generation Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) project based in Chile. To go beyond the state-of-the-art, I will acquire extensive skills on machine learning techniques from expert researchers at Konkoly Observatory to combine with my groundwork results on cosmological data analysis from, above all, the Dark Energy Survey (DES).  As a key innovation, I will develop deep learning models to study extreme voids and superclusters. First, I will apply convolutional neural network methods to augment traditional cross-correlations between galaxy density fluctuations and the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background. Then, I will capture the dependence of their gravitational signals on the physical properties of dark energy and dark matter. The proposed analyses of simulations and early observational LSST data will help resolve whether some as-yet unknown physical effects or systematic biases complicate the picture in cosmology. Either way we will gather fundamentally new knowledge about the Universe on the largest scales.

Mots clés : cosmic voids, superclusters, deep neural network

Participants :
- Institute for High Energy Physics (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (Hongrie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 141782.4 €
Projet MenNaRum (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

MenNaRum aims to test the mental navigation framework (Aru et al., 2023) in the context of rumination. The theory proposes that the spatial navigation related activation in the hippocampus is indicative of a universal navigation mechanism that underlies spatial and non-spatial navigation, i.e. navigation between concepts or thoughts. The navigation process is goal directed and can lead to sudden solutions - insights. When ruminating, people think about their personal problems repetitively, often referred to as "being stuck in a loop", potentially indicative of the underlying navigational phenomenon. Rumination has been characterized by dwelling on negative autobiographical memories associated with hippocampal activation. So far, the link between rumination and navigational processing has not been established. MenNaRum aims to (1) establish a link between rumination and spatial navigation by applying a data-driven network analysis approach in an online study, (2) experimentally test the effects of insight induction on rumination, and navigation within a novel virtual-reality task, and (3) systematically review human and animal literature to uncover potential common rudimentary mechanisms for rumination and spatial navigation. In this project, I will integrate experimental psychopathology, behavioral neuroscience, and information technology approaches. MenNaRum will generate new hypotheses, and potentially shift rumination research paradigms towards integration, and interdisciplinarity. Implications include (1) a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of rumination, (2) novel VR-based measurement tools, some of which I will test in the project, and (3) inspiration for new interventions which can relieve the socioeconomic burden of affective disorders. MenNaRum will provide me with the important transferrable, virtual-reality, translational analysis and reviewing skills which will enhance my future interdisciplinary research on rumination and related processes.

Mots clés : rumination, spatial navigation, insight, gaussian graphical models, depression

Participants :
- Université de Tartu (Estonie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 257181.9 €
- Maru vr productions (Estonie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet RealIMP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The relevance of RealIMP lies in the need to develop and optimize sustainable technologies to remove contaminants of emerging concern, such as microplastics and organic micropollutants, from water, contributing to the access to cheap and clean water sources to large, urbanized centers and small rural communities. Solar light-driven photocatalysis has great potential to overcome this challenge due to the virtually zero cost of solar power, and the low cost and abundance of the well-established TiO2 photocatalyst. However, it remains limited to niche applications due to its low photonic efficiency and elevated costs. RealIMP will tackle these issues by using doped TiO2, tuned for the visible light of the solar spectrum, and pilot scale photoreactors adapted and optimized to real-life applications, using statistical Design of Experiments methods. Another innovation will be the development of ultrasonic acoustic sensors to detect the microplastics’ spatial distribution in both static and continuous-flow conditions and to assess their adsorption on the catalyst’s surface via geophysical inversion. The biodegradability of the microplastics after photocatalytic experiments will be assessed under simulated real conditions using a respirometer. To further simulate real conditions, the influence of the presence of organic micropollutants, such as antibiotics, including their adsorption on microplastics, will be investigated regarding microplastic's degradability. Empirical models of prediction for photocatalysis and biodegradability kinetic rates, energy consumption, and economic costs will be obtained. Besides providing cutting-edge technological and scientific results in this field, as well as interdisciplinary training to broaden my expertise, RealIMP will prioritize outreach activities to reduce the gap between academy, industry and the general public such as workshops, educational, and raising awareness campaigns.

Mots clés : contaminants of emerging concern cec microplastics mp photocatalysis photoreactor design ultrasonic acoustic sensors water treatment

Participants :
- Université de Lisbonne (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 156778.56 €
Projet GLITTER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

High energy collision events (proton-proton, lead-lead etc.) create the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter in which the micro-second old universe existed. Distribution of particles created in these events help understand the properties of QGP. Experiments (e.g., the LHC at CERN) have given rise to many theoretical and phenomenological studies attempting to describe particle (hadron) production, which follows a power-law distribution, using statistical models. Hadron spectra generated in high-energy collisions are described by nonextensive distributions in the transverse momentum space represented by two parameters, the nonextensivity parameter q and temperature T. The nonextensive distributions approach the Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions in the limit q approaching 1. The nonextensive distributions, widely used in the phenomenological studies, can be calculated from statistical mechanics using constrained maximization of a generalized nonextensive entropy. The project GLITTER concentrates on these distributions and is divided into two parts: theory and phenomenology. In the theory part, the analytical form of the most generalized nonextensive transverse momentum spectra without an existing procedural arbitrariness will be calculated using nonextensive statistical mechanics for a simple harmonic oscillator. Also, a nonextensive model for an anisotropic medium will be proposed for arbitrary energy using the Mellin-Barnes representation. In the second part, phenomenological implications of these models will be explored using the ROOT programs that will be set up using the expertise of the supervisor's group. The project will propose analytical nonextensive models generalizing existing results and leading to reduced computation time. It will also clear the ambiguity regarding the usage of various forms of nonextensive distributions, will offer a firm basis for the studies in the field, and will generate many updated information about the properties of QGP.

Mots clés : high energy collisions, quark gluon plasma, hadron transverse momentum spectra, nonextensive statistical mechanics

Participants :
- Université Jan-Kochanowski de Kielce (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 155793.6 €
Projet PrOSFig (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Health diets require diversification of nutrients, supporting and promoting the traditional food products while keep finding new ways to their safeguard. Figs are nutritious and delicious products endowed with many health-benefiting nutrients. Drying contributes to widen their availability, diversify trade, and promote their nutritive value. Recent research trends show that oligosaccharides (OS) and soluble polysaccharides non-digestible by human gut enzymes are of great interest for their health benefits and natural nutraceutical value. Although dried figs nutritional quality has been well studied, there is a lack of knowledge on the matching of the OS and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) structural features and their potential health dietary benefits. PrOSFig project aims at valorizing dried figs OS as prebiotics and polysaccharides as SDF. As an MSCA fellow, I propose to study at UAveiro the (i) drying processing, consumer perception and conservation of figs (ii) extraction and chemical characterization of dried figs OS and SDF. This will allow to perform a secondment at UPorto to (iii) monitor the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of the OS and SDF and their interactions with fig polyphenols, and a second secondment at UMinho to (iv) carry out in vitro assessment of prebiotic properties. This interdisciplinary approach in a relevant food research topic, draws a unique skill set and state-of-the-art in four different but complementary fields: (1) drying technology for producing healthy foods, (2) consumer acceptability of traditional dried fruits (3) food biochemistry via the application of spectroscopic techniques as tools for OS and SDF characterization, and (4) bio-engineering for evaluating the physiological aspects of OS and SDF related with gut microbiota. The integration in these Universities dissemination and communication programs, as well as in their training activities, will support me to develop my career.

Mots clés : carbohydrate, oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, soluble dietary fiber, prebiotic, polyphenol interaction, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

Participants :
- Institut de Recherche et d’Innovation en Santé de l’Université de Porto (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université du Minho (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université d'Aveiro (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 156778.56 €