Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MWDIR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal seeks to better our understanding of how Islamist movements use Social Media to reinforce their discourses, ideologies and thoughts during times of conflict, i.e. ideological levels of struggle. In brief, this study takes as its mission the task of unravelling patterns of rhetorical propaganda employed by the Islamic State (IS) and how this movement attracts individuals from all over the world and influences security in Europe and the world. There are two overlapping discourses which dialectically feed into each other: those of religious revival and political emancipation. By means of these discourses, IS reworks foundational myths and traditional religious symbols to appropriate an imagined past in a highly charged political and conflict-ridden context as a part of the solution to its beleaguered spirituality. This proposal suggests employing interdisciplinary methods: critical discourse analysis (CDA), Corpus Linguistics, visual content analysis and multi-modal analysis. This aims to examine discourse, content and visual frames. The sample is supposed to include all YouTube video clips published by IS and the commentaries associated with these clips in English and Arabic. The importance of this project lies in understanding the socio-political and cultural-religious dimensions of the conflict and the ensemble of discourses that frame Islamic fundamentalism in general, and IS in particular, as well as how IS persuades recruits from the EU and worldwide. This project is significant in opening a new academic career path for me and in giving me an opportunity to apply for professorship/senior lecturer and chair positions in media and communication, sociolinguistics and discourse of Islamist movements in future.

Mots clés : critical discourse analysis, social media, the islamic state, visual content analysis

Participants :
- Newcastle University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet STREAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal seeks to further develop Statistical Tools for Reaction Efficacy AssessMent (STREAM). The goal is to build small ligand sets to screen for statistical training of correlations, identify the parameters that are most likely to describe selectivity trends for particular catalysts, and develop a virtual screening deck that allows for rapid identification of improved performers. For this proposal we will evaluate peptide-based catalysts and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) on various mechanistically distinct catalytic processes, to predict and understand reaction performance. The proposed STREAM methodology not only allows for effective prediction, and thus the design of better performing catalysts, but also is a contemporary approach to mechanistic study. These modern tools are general and applicable in principle to any chemical system, thus, directly relevant to each research group developing asymmetric or site-selective reactions. The experienced researcher proposes to undertake the outgoing phase within Professor Matthew Sigman’s research laboratory (University of Utah, USA) and undertake the incoming phase within Professor Frank Glorius’ research laboratory (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität – Münster, Germany); both proposed supervisors are experts in the mechanistic study of asymmetric catalysis (with complementary skill sets) and highly prominent figures in the field of catalyst design.

Mots clés : catalyst design, organocatalysis, multidimensional reaction analysis tools, data driven reaction optimisation, computationally derived parameters

Participants :
- University of Münster (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 257860.8 €
- Utah System of Higher Education (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SolArray (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This proposed project directly address one of the priority areas outlines in EC's Green Deal programme. The usage of textured solar cells to reduce the reflection from the air-solar cell interface, which ultimately enhances absorption, has been widely reported. There is a large number of texturing patterns available such as: pyramids, micropillars, nanowires, nanoholes, plasmonic, etc. The most commonly used patterns have been widely studied and have reached very high levels of optimisations. Nevertheless, these regular patterns have some degree of frequency dependence and hence only a narrow wavelength range optimisation, and thus limits the overall performance. Our preliminary study suggest that absorption efficiency can be further increased by at least 20%, by simply optimising the shape and periodicity of the nanowires. This proposal introduces an innovative combination of the patterns, both circular and noncircular nanowires, additionally including air-holes which increases the solar cell efficiency. Preliminary result also shows that by introducing an offset in the air-hole position, and thus breaking the symmetry, achieves an even higher conversion efficiency, but without increasing the fabrication cost, as simple single-stage mask can be used. By doing this, the improvement on the performance is expected to affect over the whole solar wavelength spectrum. Solar cells with a higher efficiency, but without increased fabrication cost can be a game changer, in supporting UN SDG7, affordable and clean energy. Through hands-on research, the Researcher of this project will enhance his knowledge and skills so can contribute to the European Research Area agenda.

Mots clés : nanowire arrays

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet JustAsylum (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This proposed research examines the ways in which Western states’ receding commitment to refugee protection is re-shaping the current asylum system. As a result of ongoing global refugee crises, the institution of asylum is coming under great pressure. Countries across the world are growing increasingly reluctant to provide asylum to people in need. While asylum remains in force in national and international laws, it is being subverted in practice through a complex web of border enforcement and bureaucratic interventions. By analysing the lived realities of the asylum procedure, this research project will assess how these changes materialize and shape the provision of asylum as a legal right. More specifically, this research will develop a feminist geographical approach in order to trace the ways that this legal process of deciding who obtains asylum is carried out in practice and experienced by the actors involved. To do this, the researcher – Dr Malene H. Jacobsen – will relocate from Ireland to Newcastle University in the United Kingdom in order to undertake an in-depth qualitative study of the asylum procedure in Denmark, a country that has long been at the forefront of reducing the EU’s commitment to asylum and refugee protection. This research project will significantly advance scholarship on asylum determination, refugee protection, and processes of juridical border work, contributing to the fields of political geography and legal geography as well as broader interdisciplinary debates across border studies, refugee studies, and socio-legal studies. Findings from this research will further inform European public and policy debates about asylum through engagement with key stakeholders and targeted audiences. Dr Jacobsen will gain research expertise in social geography, feminist theory, and creative qualitative methodologies, and expand her European networks among scholars, policy communities, and the nongovernmental sector.

Mots clés : space, borders, feminist geopolitics, asylum determination, social justice, intersectionality, identity, denmark

Participants :
- Newcastle University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet STRATOS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research aims to develop a unified framework to compute in real-time optimal guidance solutions by merging two of the most promising technologies arisen over the last years, that is, pseudospectral optimal control, and convex optimization. The rationale for this choice can be found in the following motivations: 1. The former theory has very interesting properties, such as the quasi-exponential convergence to the true optimal solutions, and was already used to re-orient the International Space Station in 2006, leading to a save of about 1,000,000$ in terms of required propellant with respect to the previous methods. 2. Convex-optimization provides the technology to solve optimal control problems in real-time, a key feature for the future space systems, and computes the global optimum. 3. The two technologies are complementary as each method’s drawbacks are counterbalanced by the other method’s strengths, and their unification will yield an improvement of performance since the solutions will be optimal, in the sense of maximizing or minimizing a given criterion, while nowadays only sub-optimal schemes are available. 4. The research outcome will find applications in several industrial fields, leading to beneficial effects outside the space engineering field as well. The hybrid approach will consist in transcribing the original optimal control problem by using pseoudospectral transcription, that is, by adopting differential, integral, and discretization operators coming from pseudospectral methods. The resulting discrete problem will be then posed in convex form, suitable for real-time applications. The research will focus on the theoretical and algorithmic part, to be developed at the San Diego State University with Prof. Ping Lu during the first two years of program, while the third year will be spent at the German Aerospace Center, where the results will be implemented on a real-time architecture to show the maturity achieved by the proposed method.

Mots clés : trajectory computation, convex optimization, pseudospectral optimal control

Participants :
- German Aerospace Center (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 264669.12 €
- California State University System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SOUTHWEST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research aims to fill the gap about the 18th and 19th- Spanish and Portuguese spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, by analysing the emergence and development of their own pragmatic system in forms of address. Both languages underwent deep changes from 1700’s onwards, but these have been hardly researched although some of them affected both sides of the Atlantic. This project attempts to shed light on the arising of a politeness pronouns system that is only attested in the south-western part of the Peninsula and which does not follow the standard or any other system elsewhere in Spain and Portugal. By collecting private correspondence and juridical documents that show real language use, this investigation intends to find why this phenomenon emerged in the south-west, what type of speaker prompted or disfavoured it, what evolution it underwent until establishing itself and what linguistic behaviour it has been characterised by. Likewise, the study of this feature may also underpin the theory about a Sprachbund formed in the south-western Iberian Peninsula between Spanish and Portuguese and how its relation with America prompted common linguistic developments in both the European and American varieties. This study represents pioneering research, since more and more authors are drawing attention to the importance of the 18th and 19th centuries as turning points in the evolution of Spanish and Portuguese, and how these centuries can help understand the current state of both languages and the differences witnessed not only on both sides of the Atlantic, but also within the Iberian Peninsula.


Participants :
- University of Cádiz (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet DEVOLEMPA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research aims to unravel the ontogenetic and phylogenetic roots of the unique human intersubjectivity. Empathy forms the basis of intersubjectivity. In the first part of the research, we address empathy development in young, 6-16-month-old infants who engage in interactive, intentional communication but do not yet cognitively represent others’ mental states. They may, however, attend to and show concern of others’ emotional states, indicating dispositional empathic orientation. This tendency is tested in a peer context, involving emotions of positive and negative valence. In addition, we assess the infants’ early communicative and prosocial behaviours in the emotionally charged situation. This will reveal the early developmental phases of the fundamental base for intersubjectivity. In the second part of the research, the evolution intersubjectivity is tested by assessing empathy in non-human primates. According to the recent cooperative breeding hypothesis, humans evolved as cooperative breeders, which increased sensitivity and motivation to attend to and show concern of others’ emotional states. The hypothesis is tested by assessing rudimentary empathy in common marmosets, a distantly related cooperatively breeding monkey. To allow full comparability, we will use identical methods in the infant and the marmoset studies. The study incorporates theoretical backgrounds and methods from several disciplines, i.e., comparative cognition, animal behaviour, developmental psychology, evolutionary anthropology, and sociological interaction research. The multidisciplinary approach yields understanding of the emotional and cognitive foundation of intersubjective interactions no single discipline can achieve alone. Moreover, the study yields fruitful prospects for future research lines in the respective disciplines and their synthesis.

Mots clés : intrsubjectivity, empathy, comparative psychology, infant development, emotions, interaction, cooperative breeding, human evolution, marmoset monkey

Participants :
- University of Helsinki (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 179325.6 €
Projet CHiPS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research and innovation staff exchange programme builds on significant investments made by the national research councils of the European and Third countries involved to support basic research on the topic of structure preserving algorithms. In the last four years, we have established a very fruitful cooperation working on common projects, sharing knowledge and producing a high number of important new results, which already received considerable attention in the scientific community. In the proposed exchange programme we aim at a significant advancement of knowledge through transnational collaborations between the academic partners. We also plan for concrete and systematic activities to facilitate innovation in those fields of technology which can benefit from the research of this proposal. This project will facilitate the use of the produced mathematical results in the innovation of software tools. This will be pursued in collaboration with our non-academic partner MathWorks. We also propose a plan for career development of young researchers in a non-academic environment. We have identified a number of actions to maximize impact not only on the research community but also towards our local, national networks of small and medium enterprises.

Mots clés : structure preserving algorithms, geometric numerical integration, image processing, symplectic integration of hamiltonian systems, discrete integrable systems, b series, highly oscillatory pdes

Participants :
- La Trobe University (Australie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 229500.0 €
- University of Bergen (Norvège) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 31500.0 €
- Chalmers University of Technology (Suède) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 90000.0 €
- Massey University (Nouvelle-Zélande) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 36000.0 €
- MathWorks (United Kingdom) (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SOLLAY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research programme is fundamental solid state chemistry at the boundary with condensed matter physics. It will discover new transition metal compounds with layered crystal structures and aims to put them on the world stage by exploiting the compositional tunability which is intrinsic to non-molecular systems. The discovery and chemical rationalisation of new composition-structure-property relationships is anticipated to lead eventually to future industrial developments in applications as wide ranging as superconductors, thermoelectric materials, magnetic materials, batteries and heterogeneous catalysis. Parallel to the research, the fellow’s outreach activities will centre on highlighting these “synthetic minerals” to the general public in a permanent exhibit. The host group and the fellow bring complementary expertise to the project and the career development of the fellow will be through the research and outreach and also in the development of collaborations with Oxford Physics, and the world-leading international facilities for neutron and synchrotron X-ray science at the local Harwell campus and in Grenoble. The project will develop science and the fellow through the pursuit of ground-breaking and adventurous research directions at one of the forefronts of solid state chemistry. It will be carried out in an internationally leading group in a chemistry department in the top handful in Europe.


Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet MigIntegrEast (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research project aims to access a novel form of governance of migration emerged in Central and Eastern European (CEE) cities in the post-2015 context. The governance of integration of immigrants. It mobilizes a wide range of sometimes adversative responses from state and non-state actors at supranational, national, and local levels. In light of the 2015 crisis of humanitarian protection of refugees in Europe, it is critical to understand what drives these different responses. By focusing specifically on cities in CEE, the research goal of MigIntegrEast is to identify the role of macro-, meso-, and micro-level factors and processes, in the governance of integration of immigrants in the post-2015 context. MigIntegrEast asks: what are the roles of (1) supranational and state-level factors (e.g. statehood history, civil society history, migration history and patterns), (2) local-level factors (e.g. city migration history, city population size, city foreign-born population, local administration structure, current local administration political representation, NGOs, movement, local communities) and (3) individual-level characteristics (such as the social and cultural capital of members of the local administration, NGOs, grassroots groups, local communities) in immigrant integration governance by state- (local administration) and non-state actors (e.g. NGOs, grassroots groups, migrant groups) in CEE cities? Integration governance will be analyzed in four Polish and two Hungarian cities selected based on congruence and incongruence with the national policies.

Mots clés : migrant integration, integration governance in cities, refugee crisis 2015, local integration

Participants :
- University of Warsaw (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 149625.6 €
Projet DSR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project aims to address one of the Grand Challenges in contemporary science: the de-novo synthesis of life. More specifically we aim to achieve, for the first time, Darwinian evolution in a system of fully synthetic molecules. This ambitious aim may be reached by combining the expertise of the experienced researcher on out-of-equilibrium systems with the expertise of the host lab on self-replicating molecules. This combination will enable replication to be operated out of equilibrium. The central idea is to run the self-replicating molecules in a regime where replication and replicator “death” are competing processes. Replicators only survive as long as they replicate faster than they are destroyed. The simplest implementation of such regime is a flow system in which replicator building blocks are continuously flown in, while outflow of part of the replicator solution constitutes replicator “death” through a process of (non-selective) physical removal. In addition to replication, two more ingredients are required for Darwinian evolution: mutation and selection of the mutants that are best adapted to their environment. To realise those elements, we will create a mixture of replicator mutants by offering a mixture of different building blocks. Alteration of fitness parameters (by altering the environment) should shift the mutant distribution towards the replicators that are best adapted to the new environment. Environmental parameters that will be explored include flow systems with thermal gradients (selectively trapping replicators that assemble into long fibers) and co-solvents and salts (affecting the supramolecular interactions that hold the replicator assemblies together).

Mots clés : dynamic combinatorial libraries, supramolecular chemistry, systems chemistry, origin of life, evolutionary biology, and adaptive chemistry

Participants :
- University of Groningen (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €