Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet Family Myths (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My project examines thematic structures in Greek poetry of archaic and classical ages (8th–5th B.C.) in order (1) to collect and analyze words and phrases which characterize thematic structures of Greek mythological narratives; (2) to locate possible connections between mythological accounts and ancient rituals, elucidating how myths and rituals interact, and (3) to identify parallels in other branches of Indo-European (IE). Specifically, the reconstruction of IE thematic heritage is made to rely upon the linguistic comparison among words and phrases attested within mythological and ritual texts of Greek and its sister languages (Indo-Iranian, Anatolian, Italic, Germanic). As stated in previous literary criticism, classics “hide in the layers of memory disguised as the individual’s or the collective unconscious” and “persist as a background noise even when a present that is totally incompatible with them holds sway” (I. Calvino). My investigation, then, will try to cast light on the obscure genetic origins of texts, which had an extensive impact on artistic and intellectual categories of Western society. In particular, I will try to supply a refined methodology for the phraseological analysis. Simultaneously, through an interdisciplinary approach, my study will shed light on particulars of mythological stories, which are shared by two or more IE daughter languages, helping to sketch the chronological layers and distributional patterns of myths within the IE family tree. Therefore, my project perfectly fits into the research activity of the Research Centre “Roots of Europe” at Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics in Copenhagen, which is concerned with the linguistic, cultural and ethnic prehistory of Europe. The training program and further activities promoted by the fellowship will provide me with an increased linguistic expertise, new management skills and an expanded research network.

Mots clés : myth, ritual, classical languages, phraseology, oral theory, greek literature, greek poetics, indo european poetics, indo european languages, comparative philology, comparative mythology

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet PROTOCALC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My project will enable unprecedented measurements for cosmology and fundamental physics, thanks to a prototype calibrator for a novel method to measure the angle of the polarization plane of the Cosmic Microwave Background. Polarization orientation systematics currently limit our ability to constrain cosmological parameters. PROTOCALC will provide a prototype calibration source to overcome this limit, dramatically improving instrumental accuracy. This experimental method will also enable us to discover (or place extremely tight limits on) paradigm shifting phenomena through Cosmic Birefringence, a departure from Standard Model. During the 2-year program I will develop, build and deploy a prototype for a novel precision calibrator making use of microwave sources between 40 and 150 GHz coupled to precise polarizing filters. The orientation of the source polarization plane will be measured by star cameras and gyroscopes with arcsecond accuracy. POLOCALC will take advantage of my and the supervisor's ongoing participation in the Simons Observatory which already includes the AdvACTPol and Simons Array projects, and will operate from the same site in the Atacama desert in Chile. Our project will operate from from a drone flying in sight of the telescope, allowing high elevation, far field measurements. This project will show the feasibility for polarization angle and beam calibrators for future CMB polarimeters.


Participants :
- University of Milano-Bicocca (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet Mi-DOG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My proposal aims to understand how root-knot nematodes cause disease in the host plant. Understanding how these parasitic worms cause disease is important because they have a worldwide distribution, they infect thousands of different plant species, and ultimately they represent a major constraint on achieving food security in Europe and beyond. In this proposal I will link my expertise in root-knot nematodes at molecular and proteomic levels, with the host group expertise in the regulation of parasitism genes, to understand how the most economically damaging root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita successfully controls the process of plant-parasitism. My proposal builds on the recent discovery of a non-coding DNA motif that is specifically enriched in the promoter regions of approximately 100 genes expressed in the root-knot Meloidogyne incognita dorsal gland (named Mi-DOG box). This discovery leads to two important ideas: Firstly, given that many effector proteins produced in this gland are delivered into the plant during infection, the Mi-DOG promoter is probably involved in the regulation of parasitism. Secondly, being a non-coding DNA motif, the Mi-DOG box is probably recognized by an associated protein or protein complex, a “reader” that coordinates the expression of secreted parasitism proteins, and ultimately orchestrates the process of plant parasitism. In a formal connection between two world-class research institutions, the main objectives of my proposal are therefore to: 1) Identify the “readers” of Mi-DOG box using a combination of well-established and highly-innovative CRISPR-mediated methodologies, and 2) characterize the spatio-temporal expression pattern and functional role of these “readers” in M. incognita parasitism. Overall, my proposal describes a novel scientific approach to address an emerging area of great promise with considerable translational potential, and ultimately to open up my best career opportunities for the future.

Mots clés : agriculture, global food security, disease control, plant parasitic nematodes, parasitism effectors

Participants :
- Université Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 215492.48 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 70977.92 €
Projet COART-INT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My proposed project problematizes Conceptual art’s internationalism and its historicization with an innovative study on transnational artists who expatriated from Latin American repressive political regimes to Europe, establishing themselves in Belgium, England and the Netherlands between 1968-1979. The objective is to assert these artists as agents of transcultural processes and their conceptual practices as operating within a dynamic matrix that is at once local and international, deterritorialized and rooted. Through an analysis of unique data collection, oral history and artworks this research aims to fundamentally revise the art historical canon by de-centering the major narrative of Conceptual art of the 1960s and 70s to comprehensively address the prominent roles these artists had on their adopted localities, a Latin American diasporic art world and the formulation of internationalism. By focusing on the interstitial spatial regimes these artists occupied and created, this research effectively redraws the discipline’s original topography and conventional analyses fixed within national paradigms towards a logic of transnationalism fueled by the mobility of agents, objects and practices. In the example of this project, a transnational methodology reassesses regional art histories — Belgian, Dutch, English and Latin American — to capture interregional flows and networks of production. Furthermore, it underscores a present condition in which geographical and cultural borders are increasingly more connected. The topic is timely in regards to the evolving understanding of Conceptual art. More specifically, the issues of exile, mobility, internationalism and localism that figure into this work offer a unique case study into Conceptual art’s role in driving and defining a “global” condition that is relevant today and more specifically art’s “global contemporary”, also referred to as “new internationalism of contemporary art.”

Mots clés : conceptual art, contemporary art, neo avant garde, internationalism, latin america, europe

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 281358.72 €
Projet BWBN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My research aims to make a significant contribution to the scholarship on contemporary Black women artists in the US & the UK. It will pose a polemical formulation of Black feminist literature and visual arts of the 1980s and 90s in light of postcolonial scholarship. These two decades saw a flowering of talent of Black British and American women: in the US they are described as Black Women’s Renaissance and in the UK as Black Arts Movement. Both movements came to fruition in the aftermath of civil rights and feminist struggles of black people in the US and UK. This project will investigate how the work of African American and Black British female artists reflected interaction and intersection of cultural nationalism and black feminism. It will demonstrate that feminist narratives and artworks of that period, usually not associated with black cultural nationalism, played a pivotal role in the continuation of indigenous cultural politics of Black cultural nationalism, which came to being in the 1960s and 70s in the US. During that period African American art strove to validate black culture as a culture possessing its own ideas and forms of aesthetic expression. The cause of BCN was propelled through the veneration of Black values, sensibilities, symbols, and rituals, which, as this project will argue, became also central to the identity politics of the artists of Black Women Renaissance and Black Arts Movement in the decades that followed. My project will demonstrate that this strategy of validating black culture, which was so empowering in the 1960s and 70s, ultimately turned to be counter-productive for the goals of black feminism, as it created a limited number of positions from which black women’s subjectivity could be articulated. UCLan with its world-class researchers in transatlantic studies (i.e. Prof. Rice) and Black Arts and black feminism (i.e. Prof. Lubaina Himid, a founder of Black Arts Movement) provides an ideal host institution.

Mots clés : black atlantic, black cultural nationalism, black feminism, womanism, gender and nation, black women s renaissance, british black arts movement, black prose and visual arts

Participants :
- University of Central Lancashire (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet HumanitarianPassions (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My research project aims at contributing to understanding the role played by mass communications in contemporary humanitarian crises, through a comparative study of representations of pain in the history of Western iconography. The main objective is to analyse a corpus of humanitarian communications and identify their models in the history of the iconography of past centuries. Specifically, I intend to study the relationship between the images of contemporary humanitarianism and representations of the Passion in the history of Western visual arts. My hypothesis is that Christian iconography constitutes a database of images on which the media rely implicitly to create situations charged with pathos and suffering and to suggest a moral attitude to the audience. The qualifying methodology of my work is to compare images from different historical periods. Using the approach of Visual Studies I will be able to increase the knowledge of Christian iconography in the light of humanitarian communications, and to understand the effectiveness of the latter in a direct comparison with the repertoire of the Passion in Western art. The research will focus on a set of multimedia documents (NGOs campaigns, films, paintings...). The general hypothesis will be developed according to four sub-objectives: 1) To analyse the narrative, passional and axiological organisation of Christian iconography as expressed in exemplary works. 2) To analyse humanitarian communications of European catastrophes. 3) To analyse humanitarian communications concerning Africa. 4) To study Humanitarian communications as re-interpreted by contemporary artists. This research project is a significant opportunity to advance the European scientific tradition in Visual Studies. Through the achievement of the sub-objectives, I will study the cultural roots of humanitarianism, improving the understanding of communications in traumatic situations and contributing to the implementation of EU polices and practices.

Mots clés : visual studies, image theory, history of art, christian iconography, the representation of passions, humanitarian culture, humanitarian communications, humanitarian practices

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet ESX-4 T7SS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is an opportunistic-multidrug-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacteria responsible for multiple clinically-acquired infections both pulmonary and extrapulmonary. Unlike many rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), Mab is able to survive and multiply within macrophages, similar to slow growing mycobacteria (SGM) such as M. tuberculosis (Mtb). In Mtb, five T7SS (ESX-1-5) have been identified and shown to be essential for intracellular survival (ESX-1), virulence (ESX-1 and ESX-5) or growth (ESX-3). T7SS are composed of five protein components essential for function: EccB, EccC, EccD, EccE and MycP. Except for a low-resolution structure of the holo ESX-5 complex from the host lab at 13 Å resolution, no structural data on any T7SS have been published to date, rendering structural work timely and eagerly awaited by relevant communities. Deemed inactive due to its lack of one of the established T7SS components EccE4, ESX-4 has been considered an ancestral T7SS form. However, Mab possess a fully intact and functional ESX-4, essential for its intracellular survival, rendering it a highly attractive target for an in-depth characterization. Here, I propose an interdisciplinary project that includes both functional and structural investigation. As the 2 M Dalton-holo-complex crosses the Mab inner membrane, experimental structural work will be challenging and require an integrative modeling approach to combine diverse experimental data sets. Complementary infection biology experiments including microbiology, genetics and cell biology will be carried out by collaborators. With this work, I aim to respond to central questions related to T7SS in general and Mab ESX-4 specifically, such as: what is the mechanism of T7SS-mediated secretion? What makes ESX-4 specific and different from other T7SS? What is the specific role of EccE4 to establish a functionally active ESX4? and What are the substrates and specific mechanism of ESX-4 substrate recognition?

Mots clés : mycobacteria, type vii secretion system, secretomics, virulence, membrane translocation, mycobacterium abscessus, macromolecular systems, substrate recognition

Participants :
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet MDR Tuberculosis (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the cause of tuberculosis (TB) in humans. Identification of the MTB lineage is of importance to tuberculosis control as it has shown that strain type may play a role in disease outcome, variation in vaccine efficacy and emergence of drug resistance. MTB strains of Beijing and Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) lineages were associated with hyper-transmissibility and drug resistance. In 2013 the European Center for Diseases Prevention and Control (ECDC) effectively lunched molecular surveillance of MDR TB at EU level. The typing of M. tuberculosis strains in Bulgaria confirmed strong association between MDR and SIT41 (LAM7-TUR) [SIT – Spoligo International Type] MTB lineage. Statistically 97% of the TB patients infected with drug sensitive SIT41 MTB strain develop MDR tuberculosis. SIT41 is marker genotype for MDR TB. Urgent measures are needed to control and limit the expansion of the SIT41 lineage. We aim to promote personalised treatment of tuberculosis based on the genotype lineage of the TB pathogen and reducing the TB multidrug-resistant burden. The project has two objectives. First: Application of the next-generation sequencing data for genotyping of M. tuberculosis strains based on SNP data for tracking the origins, evolution and success of the SIT41 (LAM7-TUR) lineage, and second: Development of rapid screening methodology to identify the SIT41 (LAM7-TUR) genotype including mutation analysis to first and second line tuberculostatics drug resistance. Objectives will be achieved by fostering radically new technologies, by exploring novel ideas for MTB genotyping and improvement of the classical TB treatment scheme. The project is timely because it has relevance to the Work Program Horizon 2020 focus area: Personalising health and care. For the first time we will promote personalised treatment associated with specific MTB genotype. The proposal is in line with the EU Health Strategy, ECDC, WHO and other TB control programs.

Mots clés : multidrug resistant tuberculosis, genotype, lineage, mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis, mdr tb

Participants :
- Université Paris-Saclay (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet COMBATTB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of about a dozen bacterial species for which some clinical isolates are now resistant to most or all antibiotics (abx) approved for treatment of the infections they cause. Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Mtb deserve study for their potential relevance to AMR in other pathogens; because tuberculosis (TB) is now the leading cause of death from infectious disease; and because drug-resistant TB may be the most prevalent of all drug-resistant bacterial infections. Heritable AMR in Mtb emerges with interruption of treatment, and the long duration of TB treatment provides many opportunities for interruption. Prolonged treatment is necessary because of nonheritable resistance, also called phenotypic tolerance or persistence, defined as the transient tolerance of bacteria in an antibiotic-sensitive population to an antibiotic during exposure to an otherwise lethal concentration of that antibiotic. In contrast to “resisters”, whose AMR is genetically encoded, “persisters” are genetically sensitive bacteria whose phenotypic tolerance allows them to survive for prolonged periods during what would otherwise be rapidly curative treatment. In addition, phenotypic tolerance is likely a source of treatment failure and a major contributor to TB reactivation after apparently effective treatment. The specific aims of this application are to identify genetic determinants that foster phenotypic tolerance in Mtb and decipher at a molecular level the mechanisms by which Mtb enters and maintains a persistent state.

Mots clés : bacterial persistence, high persistence mutants, infectious disease, tuberculosis, antimicrobial resistance

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet REDOxHEART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Myocardial redox signalling is a critical regulator of myocardial physiology and a therapeutic target in cardiovascular science, while obesity seems to trigger myocardial oxidative stress. The non-canonical wnt signalling pathways (Ca2+-dependent (CDP) and planar cell polarity pathway (PCP)) are important in cardiac development and they are also involved in obesity (wnt ligands are involved in adipose tissue expansion), although their role in the adult myocardium is unknown. We propose to define the role of CDP and PCP in the regulation of myocardial redox state in the human adult heart. We will perform a) Clinical association studies using tissue from patients undergoing cardiac surgery to test for paracrine effects of adipose tissue on myocardial PCP/CDP regulation b) Studies using ex vivo models of human myocardium (trabeculae) to test the role of CDP/PCP in myocardial redox state regulation c) Cell culture studies using primary human cardiomyocytes to explore the mechanisms of these effects d) Animal studies using a novel transgenic mouse model to test causality of the associations. In this translational study we will explore for the first time the role of CDP/PCP in the regulation of myocardial redox signalling and evaluate its role in cardiac physiology. This work may identify novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of myocardial diseases.

Mots clés : cardiology, atrial fibrillation, myocardial redox state, obesity

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €