Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet Men of Value (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research aims to study the identity formation processes of slaves and captives in the Mediterranean between 16th and 17th centuries. It will do so by analysing the slaves markets of Naples and Valencia, two of the most important trading cities of the Spanish Empire. The project will combine different types of unexplored archival sources including the trials on slaves to be found within the Archivo del Reino of Valencia and a unique source represented by the book nr. 42 coming from Secretaría de Estado of the Archivo General de Simancas. The latter is as of now the most detailed source available on Mediterranean slavery, outlining the profiles of 657 slaves and captives aboard 26 privately-operated Neapolitan galleys in 1585. These sources will make it possible to focus in depth on the biography of slaves and the process of calculating their price. Through this analysis, my project aims to significantly contribute to two historiographical mainstreams: Mediterranean slavery and formation of personal identities in ancient regime. The underlying idea is that at the core of both these phenomena was an estimation process of 'how much is a man (and woman) worth' including social, psychological and economic aspects. To this end, I propose to read together the two topics (formation of personal identities and slavery) by doing a microanalytical study of men forced to labour. The main references for this analysis will be the micro-sociology of prices elaborated by Bourdieu and Boltanski and recent studies on social estimation processes in history, focusing on biographies as well as using case-studies oriented methodology. The fellowship will include a significant secondment to EHESS in Paris, and will result in the third monograph of the researcher on negotiated identities in modern Mediterranean.

Mots clés : mediterranean slavery, slaves market, slaves identities, slaves value, captives value, the economy of, ransoming, slaves biographies, captives biographies

Participants :
- University of Valencia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet AGTECH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research aims to understand how, by whom, and with what intentions and objectives digital farming technologies are being developed, and what this means for the future of food production. Digital innovations in agriculture have attracted much interest in recent years, and are often touted as the solution to feed the world with less resources, inputs, pesticides, human labour, and detrimental environmental impacts than the current food system. At this point, however, it is unclear whether digital farming technologies will indeed fulfil such promises. This research project presumes that digital farming technologies need to be studied at their initial research and development levels – to fully understand the various motivations, goals, practices, and decisions made during these early, but critical, stages of technological development – and therefore the products that will come to market. Long before technologies arrive at the farm, various actors – scientists, technology developers, engineers, Start-Up entrepreneurs, ‘urban hipsters’, financiers, and business leaders – begin to imagine, develop, and make key decisions concerning the future use of technologies. Understanding these initial stages of development will allow us to gauge how these processes determine how, by whom, and under what conditions digital farming technologies will be used in society. This research will be done by undertaking participant observation and qualitative interviews within two of the most expansive and innovative clusters of agricultural technology development in the world, the University of California (UC) system, coupled with Silicon and Central Valleys in the US; and Wageningen University & Research (WUR), with Food Valley, in the Netherlands. Within these sites, I focus on two major funding structures and entrepreneurial cultures, university-based Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), and finance-capital funded Agtech Start-Ups to draw my larger conclusions.

Mots clés : digitization, digital farming, research and development

Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 271052.16 €
Projet PICTURING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research explores industrial heritage and urban regeneration in European cities and the cultural, social, and economic implication of the regeneration of postindustrial districts. The proposed research action looks at a specific element of the urban built environment that has served as the predominating symbol of industrial—and postindustrial—cities: the industrial chimney. Through a perspective that compares policies, impacts and perceptions of industrial heritage-driven urban regeneration strategies, I aim to explore Barcelona, Manchester, and Łódź. The societal challenges of deindustrialization and questions of how to manage economic and physical transition in formerly industrial cities is one that drives difficult conversations about collective memory, gentrification, and community development. These three cities have become focal points in industrial heritage and postindustrial reinvention, and are thus ideal comparative case studies to explore different approaches to conservation and regeneration strategies through exploring the totemic presence (or conspicuous absence) of smokestacks. How have each of these cities approached, and responded to, these massive spatial, social, and economic shifts spurred on by the restricting of the global economy, how has this manifested in what has been preserved and what has been demolished in the historical built environment, and how have local communities fared in the process? My proposed research contributes to the emerging field of the GeoHumanities, and UPF is one of the leading centers of GeoHumanities scholarship. It will involve comparative case studies of these three cities based on qualitative fieldwork, documentary analysis, and photographic/curatorial methods. In Barcelona, it will also include an innovative new photo-elicitation method involving community response to a visual taxonomy of chimneys throughout the city, as well as a final exhibition at the city’s MACBA museum, where I would have a Secondment.

Mots clés : industrial, postindustrial, preservation, public space, urban memory, industrial heritage, regeneration, deindustrialization, built environment, geohumanities, landscape, heritage, conservation

Participants :
- Pompeu Fabra University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 259398.72 €
Projet LA Music Invention (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research explores the musical education of Latin American composers in Paris to reveal the part it played in the construction of nationalist art music between 1880 and 1930. While studying at the French conservatoires, Latin American composers became aware that to succeed in the realm of Western art music they had paradoxically to embrace the very characteristics that distinguished them from European composers. At the same time they aimed at the "universality" enjoyed by their European peers. By documenting the education of composers from different parts of Latin America in conservatories such as the Conservatoire de Paris, the Schola Cantorum or the École Normale de Musique de Paris, and by analyzing the work and the reception of these composers' music in Europe, I seek to address the prejudices and problems of identity that they had to face. My work is situated within recent scholarship on canonic discourses and decolonial theories of peripherality and subalternity.

Mots clés : art music, latin america, pedagogy, conservatoires, reception

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet CHRISLAS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research follows a Christian community situated on the edge of Central Europe and the Balkans during an intense period of struggles towards its self-definition amongst religious dissent, socio-cultural diversity and political and military hardships. All these resulted in a regionally coloured Christianity, the main characteristics of which are visible in the material as well as literary heritage of this community. The setting is the 4th - 5th century A.D. Sirmium – modern Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia). At the time, Sirmium was one of the capitals of the Roman province Pannonia, an area which now comprises parts of modern Austria, Hungary, Croatia and Serbia. It is vital to understand the history of religious diversity and identity in that region, which continues to puzzle Europe with its rich cultural heritage, but also with its controversial political, ethnical and religious past. This research will contribute to the better understanding of European culture, and its religious and cultural memory, reinforcing the idea that the concrete realization of Christian identity varies according to context and that there is a complex relationship between religious diversity and identity in a particular place. Once verified with regard to Sirmium, this type of research can be extended to other places / regions in the late antique Mediterranean world. In particular, the applicant envisages a long-term research project on Christian identity in Roman Pannonia and a network of late antique Middle Danube studies. All these will lead to the pursuit of a tenure-track academic position that will enable the applicant to implement this larger Pannonian research. The University of Exeter is the ideal location: it is a growing centre of Late Antique studies, with a cluster of research projects on ‘Identities and beliefs’ in the ancient world. The fellow will extend her skills by being in Exeter, and will contribute her linguistic and historical expertise to their on-going research.

Mots clés : christian identity, late antiquity, roman pannonia, sirmium, sremska mitrovica, regional, local christianity, archaeological heritage, christian doctrine, hagiography, polemics, ecdotics

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ENERYARN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research is motivated by the ever-increasing need of the aerospace, automotive, and marine industries for novel multifunctional composites with superior structural toughness, capable for energy-storing applications. The proposed topic focuses on the major European societal challenges, such as to reduce weight of transport systems and energy resources consumption, following the European Energy 2020 strategy, Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative, and other climate and energy policies. The project aims to develop the next generation first-of-this-kind large-scale composites reinforced with carbon nanotube yarns, with improved longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties for further integration as electrodes in structural supercapacitors. The Applicant will use carbon nanotube yarns synthesized from natural gas at rates of 10’s km per day by the host laboratory, multiscale engineering principles, and advanced instrumental analysis to maximize CNT alignment and CNT/polymer nanoscale interfacial properties to produce the high-performance laminates which are not feasible with conventional carbon fibres or discrete nanotubes. The project is based on the Applicant’s experience in CNT-based nanostructured composites and advanced spectroscopic nanoscale analysis, and will strengthen her knowledge in direct CNT yarn synthesis and structural composite fabrication according the host group training and excellent infrastructure. A set of new soft skills as an integrated part of this application, will complement her strong technical background and will open a new avenue for future career development in either academia or industry.

Mots clés : carbon nanotube yarns, composites, toughness, supercapacitors

Participants :
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet PSR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project aims to address one of the Grand Challenges in contemporary science: the de-novo synthesis of life. More specifically we aim to achieve, for the first time, (i) development of replicators that feature a primitive photometabolism, and (ii) Darwinian evolution of such fully synthetic molecules. These ambitious aims are firmly grounded on the unique expertise of the host lab (self-replicating molecules) combined with the strong expertise of the ER (self-assembly and photochemistry). This combination will enable the adaptive integration of a photoactive co-factor (e.g. a porphyrin) with replicator fibers which will activate photocatalytic production of singlet oxygen. This singlet oxygen promotes the oxidation of thiol building blocks into “food” (i.e. small disulfide macrocycles) which the replicator can utilize to make copies of itself. In the final phase of the project we will operate the photometabolic self-replicating system under far-from-equilibrium conditions in an open flow system in which replication competes with physical removal (“death”). This regime should allow for Darwinian evolution, provided that replicator mutation is facilitated by providing different building blocks. In order to survive, replicators need to replicate faster than they are being destroyed. Therefore, selection should favour the replicator with the highest catalytic efficiency. Overall, the designed systems will exhibit all aspects of Darwinian evolution: replication, mutation and selection. While evolution in biology requires long periods of time, herein we aim, for the first time, to realize evolution in a fully synthetic system within a short timeframe, and obtain photometabolic replicators with activities that have been improved through Darwinian evolution.

Mots clés : dynamic combinatorial libraries, supramolecular chemistry, systems chemistry, photochemistry, self assembly, origin of life, evolutionary biology, and adaptive chemistry

Participants :
- University of Groningen (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet ARER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project entitled Aesthetic and Anthropological Representations as Evidence of Racism: from Italian Unification (1861) to the Fall of Fascism (1943) (ARER) aims to study the role of visual and material culture in the formation of an African racial identity during Italy’s national unification and its colonial conquests up to the fall of fascism. Italian colonialism, later than that of its French and English neighbours, coincided with the constitution of the nation-state, and it was imperative that its first campaigns, exclusively turned towards Africa, reinforce patriotic sentiment and inscribe Italy among the colonial powers. The figure of the Italian was thus invented progressively by way of contrast to African populations, and through the exaltation of its Roman and Etruscan origins, in order to legitimate its vocation to conquer and ‘civilize’ the world. Situated at the crossroads of art, history and anthropology, the theoretical results of my study have for an ambition to help question the contemporary resurgence of racism and xenophobia in a Europe affected by a migration crisis and the rise of populism.

Mots clés : race, visual culture, material culture, anthropology, colonialism, fascism

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175673.28 €
Projet CNM-MOVES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project focuses on the transnational comparative analysis of the similarities, differences, and connections between social movements that focus on Consensual Non-Monogamies (CNMs), both in Portugal and in the UK, with an emphasis on polyamory. It will consider how this political theme is taken up in different contexts, and how those contexts impact social movements, how they influence one another (via the geographical circulation of cultural products, activists, ideas and affects), how different macro- and micro-political strategies develop and interconnect with other social movements, and how they become enmeshed with the media representations produced about and by those groups. It focuses on the mediatization of intimate citizenship, as well as the history of activism and the interaction among social movements in Europe, and fills a gap in the extant literature on CNMs and sexual politics, opening up new understandings for Human Rights, citizenship, social and legal justice. The project takes into consideration the gendered, racial, sexual and classed aspects of political engagement and visibility, as well as the fluid definition of what is considered “political”. Funding for this project will allow the Experienced Researcher (ER) to considerably increase his academic and employability profile by advancing his position as a leading expert on CNM-related research in Europe; by improving his publication record in English; by allowing him to expand his areas of expertise into Political Theory, Sociology, Law, as well as reinforcing his expertise on gender and sexualities; by diversifying his methodological portfolio and allowing him to receive media, academic writing and PhD supervision training. MMU, the host institution, would benefit from diversifying its academic backgrounds, increase its international connections with other Higher Education Institutions, as well as its solidifying its role in the field of CNM-related research.

Mots clés : social movements, politics, media, consensual nonmonogamy, polyamory, citizenship, portugal, comparison

Participants :
- Manchester Metropolitan University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet INTRACOF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project will assess to what extent more participatory intra household decision making about production and resource allocation contributes to more sustainable, efficient and equitable household farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa, more specifically coffee farming systems in Uganda and Tanzania. An intervention in which household are intensely coached in participatory decision making about production, resource allocation and income expenditure will be randomly introduced among Ugandan and Tanzanian smallholder coffee farming household. A framed economic experiment will permit to appraise if provision and appropriation behaviour by spouses in households with more participatory intra household decision making, the treatment group, is more cooperative, than in control households. The impact of participatory intra household decision making on the sustainability, efficiency and equitability of the outcomes from provision and appropriation behaviour in household farming systems will be studied with using individual survey data collected among spouses in treatment and control households. Inspired by the methods and findings of this project, a practical monitoring tool will be developed to capture changes in intra household decision making about production and resource allocation and their effect on sustainable, efficient and equitable (coffee) farming in collaboration with one of the partner organisations.

Mots clés : intra household, household farming systems, sub saharan africa, experiment

Participants :
- University of Antwerp (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet MonasByz (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project will investigate the role played by the multilingual Christian monastic communities of Early Islamic Palestine and Sinai (7th-11th centuries CE) in the formation of the Byzantine literary canon of ascetic works. Throughout the Medieval period, Byzantine monks and ascetics across the Mediterranean relied as their main source of authority on the writings of the "early fathers", i.e. a series of ascetic authors who were active between ca. the 4th-7th centuries CE. The increasing spiritual authority invested in ascetic books and texts (the "classics") during the Byzantine period stands in stark opposition to the living examples of charismatic holy men and women who dominated Late Antique Christian discourses on asceticism. Although this shift from a personal to a literary type of authority had far-reaching consequences for the history of Byzantine Christianity, key questions with regard to the complex processes behind it never received an adequate treatment in scholarship: Where and when did the change take place and what was its scope? How did a "canon" of ascetic literature emerge, who carried out the selection of authors and works, and how was it disseminated? Employing innovative research methods from the fields of social and intellectual history, philology, manuscript studies and Digital Humanities, MonasByz argues that the fundamental shift occurred in Palestine and Egypt (Sinai) during the early Islamic period and that the monasteries of Mar Saba and St Catherine's played a pivotal role in this development. Through a systematic survey of the Greek, Syriac, and Arabic ascetic manuscripts produced in these centers between the 7th and 11th centuries, the project will identify the actors and resources involved in the production of books and reconstruct the local and supra-regional monastic networks, in order to trace the formation of a new way of disseminating spiritual authority via texts, which would prevail in the Byzantine period.

Mots clés : byzantine monasticism, ascetic literature, syriac studies, arabic christianity, digital humanities, manuscript studies

Participants :
- University of Vienna (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 186167.04 €