Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PopGenSexCon (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Sexual conflict and sexually antagonistic coevolution (SAC) are compelling hypotheses to explain some of the extraordinary diversity in morphological and behavioral traits observed in nature. However, the study of the genomic foundations of this conflict and the resulting population genetic dynamics are still in their infancy. This is due to a lack of knowledge about the genetic underpinnings of the most well understood sexual conflict traits. An exception to this rule are the seminal fluid and female reproductive tract proteins that interact and mediate conflicts over remating rates in the cosmopolitan model species Drosophila melanogaster. However, in this system a population-level perspective to investigate population genomic signals of SAC and the consequences for outcomes of mating interactions within populations is lacking. Here I propose to take advantage of a Europe-wide population genetic data-set as well as an ongoing pan-European collaborative sampling and phenotyping effort of D. melanogaster to understand how sexual conflict has shaped co-evolutionary patterns at genetic loci involved in sexually antagonistic traits. Furthermore, I will investigate the consequences of this genetic coevolution on contemporary male-female interactions. My proposal has three objectives: i) a population genomic analysis of population genomic data from European D. melanogaster populations, ii) lab-based behavioural experiments to investigate the male-female interactions for inbred lines obtained from populations with extreme patterns of coevolution, iii) and indirect study of the consequences of coevolution on natural behaviour via sampling of wild-caught females and determining mating/re-mating rates. This project will increase our understanding of the role of sexual conflict and sexually antagonistic coevolution in population divergence and set a standard for investigations of the genomic causes and consequences of SAC.

Mots clés : sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating behaviour

Participants :
- Université de Stockholm (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 206887.68 €
Projet HANDLECO2 (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Direct air capture (DAC) has established itself as a promising technology to lower the atmospheric CO2 concentration permanently, thus contributing to climate change mitigation. Considering the billion tons of CO2 that need to be captured, high-performance chemisorbents from the most abundant natural polymer, i.e., cellulose, are of great significance for the practical application of such negative emission technology. The main objective of HANDLECO2 is to construct high-performance cellulosic DAC chemisorbents based on robust bijels, which is an emerging class of soft solid materials with interconnected hierarchical pore networks and semi-permeable interfacial layers. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with surface-immobilized 10-undecenoyl groups will be synthesized and then modified by clickable poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) via simple thiol-ene click chemistry. The surface chemistry of PILs-modified CNCs will further be tuned by simple counterion exchange method. Next, the applicant will fabricate bijels of high stability by new methods to crosslink the CNCs with designed surface chemistry at the fluid-fluid interface. The robust bijels stabilized by CNCs will then be processed into aerobijels via simple freezing-drying. The numerous accessible amine groups on CNCs in combination with the bicontinuous porous structure and semipermeable interfacial layers of the final aerobijels will allow for high CO2 adsorption capacity and fast CO2 adsorption kinetics. The conceptualization of HANDLECO2 is based on the two-way transfer of knowledge between the host and researcher, and research objectives will be achieved through this knowledge transfer. This fellowship will offer an invaluable opportunity to reach the applicant’s career goal of leading his own independent research group in Europe academia. Moreover, the success of HANDLECO2 will undoubtedly lead to multiple positive impacts that will strengthen European excellence and competitiveness.

Mots clés : direct air capture, chemisorbents, cellulose nanocrystals, co2 adsorption, poly ionic liquids

Participants :
- Université de Stockholm (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 222727.68 €
Projet MASUGRAV (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Magnetic fields are ubiquitous in our Universe. The question of their origin and subsequent evolution is a challenge for modern cosmology. Recent bounds on magnetic fields from blazar observations, together with the requirement for initial “seed” field for dynamo and compression amplification mechanisms motivate the study of possible primordial origins of magnetic fields. This project combines expertise in early universe physics with an expertise in astrophysics, magnetohydrodynamics and advanced numerical tools to study the production of magnetic fields in models of axion inflation coupled to the Standard Model of particle physics - so-called axion-SU(2) inflation. The results of this project will trace the origin of magnetic fields from the early to the present-day universe and confront the axion-SU(2) magnetogenesis by cross-correlating cosmic microwave background and blazar observations. To achieve this I will go beyond the current understanding of the simpler so-called axion-U(1) magnetogenesis models widely studied until now, and study the viability of chiral magnetic field production in the axion-SU(2) case. Furthermore, I will develop new numerical tools to determine how the presence of feedback mechanisms affect magnetogenesis. I will also compute the spectrum of gravitational waves generated by axion-SU(2) models in the radiation-dominated era of the early universe, and compare it to other known sources of gravitational waves such as cosmic strings to understand potential differences in the observational predictions. My experience in early universe physics together with the present world-leading expertise in magnetohydrodynamics at Nordita make it an ideal place for a two-way transfer of knowledge essential for the implementation of this project. This project aims to bridge astrophysics and early universe physics, and to develop cutting-age numerical tools that may also be applicable in quantum physics and condensed matter physics.

Mots clés : cosmology, early universe, cosmic inflation, magnetogenesis, magnetic fields, gravitational waves, primordial, axion, gauge fields su 2 , non abelian, astrophysics, magnetohydrodynamics, chirality

Participants :
- Université de Stockholm (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 222727.68 €
Projet ProvingAgency (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mathematical reasoning is essential to the development of mathematical and scientific knowledge, and is a crucial skill in our science- and technology-based European societies. Yet, despite the revolutionary advances in formal logic of the past century, the nature of reasoning and proofs in ordinary mathematical practice remains unclear.  The ProvingAgency project aims to move forwards on this general question by shifting the focus from mathematical proofs themselves to the activity of proving that gives rise to them. The approach to be developed proposes to structure the inquiry around the different dimensions of proving agency—the capacities of proving agents necessary to the realization of the activity of proving. The ProvingAgency project will implement this approach concretely, within a restricted perimeter, in order to investigate three central aspects of proving agency: practical, social, and mental.  Practical aspects are concerned with the practical knowledge required by mathematical agents to prove theorems. One key element of such practical knowledge is the capacity to apply, adapt, and extend mathematical methods. We will develop here an epistemological model of mathematical methods which will be informed by detailed and representative case studies.  Social aspects are concerned with the issues that arise when several mathematical agents are proving a theorem together. We will articulate here an account of the shared agency involved in the shared activity of proving together, which will be informed by a sociological study to be conducted on a group of mathematicians at the ETH mathematics department.  Mental aspects are concerned with the mental dimension of the activity of proving. We will aim here to provide a conception of proving as a mental activity that does justice to the fact that proving often requires to rely on mathematical artifacts, which we will do by building on recent developments in the emerging field of extended epistemology.

Mots clés : philosophy of mathematical practice mathematical proof mathematical reasoning mathematical knowledge agency in mathematics collaborative proving extended cognition extended knowledge

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 308746.56 €
- École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet H2PipelineInspect (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Hydrogen is seen as secure, clean and inexpensive energy of the future. To this aim, the European union has laid out strategies for large-scale production and deployment of hydrogen in the future. This translates to the most economical way of transmission of hydrogen through existing natural gas pipelines. However, one of the serious issues that can present a setback to this ambitious project is the failure of pipelines due to defects. One such less-addressed/hard-to-detect failure mechanism called Hydrogen Induced Cracks (HICs) is considered for the proposed work. In order to detect HICs in hydrogen-loaded gas transmission pipelines, an ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) based NDT technique will be developed. Towards this, a torsional guided wave mode will be optimized for its frequency from the perspective of defects (HICs) in pipe segments using the Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method (SBFEM) simulation tool available at BAM. An array of shear mode piezo-crystals for the optimized frequency will be used in the generation of the torsional mode. Towards UGW based testing, pipe segments with actual HICs will be prepared at hydrogen test rig at BAM under the guidance of BAM’s material scientists. Additionally, pipe segments with artificial notches simulating HICs will also be prepared. Further, Laser-based measurements will be carried out to map the wave fields around the crack to understand the physics of wave-defect interaction. Further, the effect of operational conditions of a pipeline such as pressure and temperature on torsional mode will be studied using both experiments and simulation. Overall, the project will involve both simulation and experiments to gain deeper understanding of the problem. Emphasis is also given on the validation of simulation results for the smooth progress of the project. Furthermore, ultrasonic phased array testing will also be carried out to successfully validate the UGW measurements pertaining to defects and to localize and size them.

Mots clés : non destructive testing, ultrasound, pipelines, structural health monitoring, hydrogen transport

Participants :
- Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet SPLICER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Understanding the impact of climate change on extreme rainfall is vital for informed mitigation and adaptation plans. However, climate models struggle to produce realistic rainfall. SPLICER will provide unique insight into the origin of European rainfall errors in climate models and help improve future projections of extreme rainfall. Our approach recognises that localised rainfall extremes are part of a multiscale process, starting with the global mean climate and mediated by synoptic weather precursors. We exploit two main novelties: 1) A ‘tiered model’ approach, considering global earth system models, regional models and novel km-scale models (also known as convection-permitting or storm-resolving) in a holistic framework. 2) A physically-based decomposition of rainfall drivers, into global, synoptic and local terms.  The analysis is supported by the adaptation of tools from the weather forecasting field, which will enable systematic identification and quantification of rainfall precursors in large multi-model datasets.  This interdisciplinary proposal will advance a new mindset linking weather, regional climate, and global climate modelling communities together, and build international research links between the networks of the fellow and the host institution. Novel insights into changing local rainfall extremes will be directly communicated to stakeholders and the public, as well as scientific peers, ensuring societal impact. The training goals of SPLICER are intrinsically integrated with research objectives, ensuring the fellow will develop transferable skills and competences (in particular; numerical modeling and stakeholder engagement), promising to improve academic and non-academic employability. The fellow will expand the host institution’s research capacity in understanding synoptic drivers of extreme events, and will contribute research-led teaching via provision of courses and workshops for graduate students, PhD and postdoctoral researchers.

Mots clés : hydrometeorology climate impacts climate modeling synoptic dynamics

Participants :
- Université de Bergen (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 226751.04 €
- Centre norvégien de recherche (Norvège) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet REALIGN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Being more active is an important part of treatment for adults with prediabetes. Exercise is one of the simplest and most effective ways to bring down blood glucose levels. However, lack of time is a common barrier to performing exercise regularly. The high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and timed exercise are two new exercise approaches which require lesser time commitment, but their health benefits are equally similar to the traditional exercise modality. But whether combining both principles (HIIT and timed exercise) could restore metabolic health in adults with prediabetes remains unknown. Using a mixed-methods approach, the REALIGN project aims to investigate whether performing HIIT at a certain time of day is more beneficial than performing it at another time of day to improve glucose excursion profile and fuel switching. Whereas the secondary aim is to explore the views and experiences of adults with prediabetes on timed HIIT program. To achieve these aims, adults with prediabetes will be randomly assigned to a 12-week HIIT program either in the morning or afternoon. A continuous glucose sensor will be used to assess the changes in their blood glucose fluctuation profile. Whereas two types of calorimeters (respiration chamber and ventilated hood system) will be used to assess the body’s ability to switch between carbohydrates and fats as energy sources in response to feeding and fasting conditions. At the end of the program, some of the participants will be interviewed to explore their perceptions of the timed HIIT exercise. This interdisciplinary project will take place at the German Diabetes Center (DDZ) which houses cutting-edge infrastructures in exercise and metabolism research. This project is linked to key training aiming to advance the fellow’s competency in experimental and transferable skills to enhance professional maturity and develop independence.

Mots clés : type 2 diabetes obesity interventional clinical trial

Participants :
- Deutsche diabetes forschungsgesellschaft ev (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet JUSST (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In an era of digital transformation, welfare states are incorporating data tools, ranging from basic e-portals to sophisticated AI-driven systems. While potentially improving service delivery, concerns are being raised about intrusive surveillance, especially among marginalized populations. JUSST seeks to expand on the co-productionist framework to go beyond limited interpretations of data ethics. Its main objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of sociotechnical systems, examining the interplay between human actors, technology, culture, and institutions. The core focus lies in understanding how sociotechnical imaginaries interact with digital tool applications within welfare services and how they affect digitally monitored welfare recipients (DMWR) across different societal structures. It will furthermore look into potential for good uses of data tools and digital technologies. JUSST utilizes a qualitative, international comparative appproach to examine the impact of surveillance on welfare recipients, comparing income support recipients with offenders under electronic monitoring. JUSST aspires innovative theorization by adopting an interdisciplinary approach, integrating insights from Science and Technology Studies (STS), Social Policy Studies, and Sociology of Punishment. Besides its theoretical significance, this project seeks to provide policy recommendations for the good use of data tools within an inclusive social and economic framework that caters towards the needs of all stakeholders involved. The collaboration between the researcher, who has a background in Criminology and Sociology of Punishment, and the Research Centre for Digitalisation of Public Services and Citizenship (CEDIC) at OsloMet University in Norway will facilitate a valuable exchange of expertise, relevant for theory building, developing well-informed policy recommendations and career enhancement.

Mots clés : digital welfare state, surveillance, data ethics, digital technology, welfare recipients, social policy, sociology of punishment, collaborative action research, ethnography, international comparison

Participants :
- Université métropolitaine d'Oslo (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet MITO (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

High-throughput functional drug testing on patient-derived 3D cell cultures offers unprecedented opportunities for personalized cancer medicine. Optical microscopy constitutes a bottleneck in this approach as it cannot provide rapid information on cell and tissue viability and is not compatible with upscaling. To address this issue, I focus my research project on local electrical impedance spectroscopy to enable the real-time and label-free monitoring of large arrays of 3D cell cultures. The vision is to combine integrated arrays of microstructured organic mixed ionic-electronic conductor devices with multifunctional 3D micropatterned polymeric layers to achieve two specific objectives: i) focus the ionic currents onto the 3D space where cell aggregates are formed, ii) provide the biological cues for cell assembly and development into 3D functional structures. The rapid acquisition of the electrical impedance matrix resolved in frequency space combined with impedance modelling will provide real-time tomographic information about 3D cell organization, inter-cellular junctions and cellular functionality. As a test case demonstrating high-throughput 3D cell culture experiments, final prototypes will implement 3D tumour models to test cellular therapies suppressing cancer growth. The envisioned technology will constitute a novel platform for the accelerated development of personalized medicines without relying on animal testing. The strong interdisciplinary approach adopted by MITO leverages the high-level expertise of the University of Bologna (12-months return phase, supervisor Prof. Tobias Cramer, expert in materials for bioelectronics) and ETH Zurich (24-months outgoing phase, supervisor Prof. Andreas Hierlemann, expert in electrical engineering and cell cultures). Throughout the entire action, I will receive excellent training to enhance my scientific, communication, dissemination, and technology transfer skills, significantly advancing my future academic career.

Mots clés : bioelectronics, electrical impedance, 3d cell cultures, organic electrochemical transistors, large area electronics

Participants :
- Université de Bologne (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 388940.52 €
- École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €