Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SWATNET (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Joint Doctorates
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Space Weather Awareness Training Network (SWATNET) aims at breakthroughs in understanding the physical foundations of key agents of Space Weather at Earth and establishing a unique PhD training program in the field. SWATNET is composed of eight Beneficiaries and seven Partner Organizations from seven different European countries with diverse and complementary expertise. This ITN trains the next generation of heliophysicists with an exceptional combination of research and transferable skills and strong knowledge of Space Weather for benefit of the society. The overall objectives of the SWATNET programme are to: 1. Train a group of highly qualified and enthusiastic professional researchers in state-of-the-art approaches in Space Weather research that will form the next generation in academic research, space industry companies and also wider non-academic research careers. 2. Give new insight towards more harmonized doctoral training Europe wide and exchanging practices between different countries. 3. Develop and apply new methodologies that can be utilised to unveil the fundamental physical processes taking place in the solar atmosphere and contributing to Space Weather. 4. Maximize the science return of current and future research infrastructures that are led by Europe or where there are strong European involvements (e.g. Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope).

Mots clés : space weather, solar physics, solar wind, coronal mass ejections, solar flares, solar cycle, forecasting

Participants :
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University (Pologne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 227478.6 €
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 256320.0 €
- University of Helsinki (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 280805.76 €
- University of Sheffield (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 606345.12 €
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 522999.36 €
- University of Turku (Finlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 280805.76 €
- Academy of Athens (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 486035.28 €
- Eötvös Loránd University (Hongrie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 229715.28 €
- University of Coimbra (Portugal) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 237720.24 €
Projet NONCAUSALBubble (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Speculative bubbles on financial markets, viewed as short-term explosive deviations of prices from a typical historical level and ending in an abrupt correction, have become common events across all major asset classes. They can have a dramatic impact on portfolio performances, financial institutions solvability and can compromise the stability of the financial system. Because of their ability to reproduce stylized facts from speculative bubbles such as locally explosive trajectories, noncausal time series models -autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) processes with roots located inside the unit circle- have been at the center of a recent fast-emerging literature in econometrics and finance. Provided their dynamics is better understood, they will enable to formulate forecasts of future bubble trajectories. If rapid progress is being achieved on estimation and fitting problematics, prediction theory of noncausal processes remains particularly scarce and limited to special elementary cases – mostly the univariate noncausal AR(1) with independent and identically distributed Cauchy errors. The NONCAUSALBubble project aims at specifically addressing the lack of theoretical foundations for the forecasting of heavy-tailed noncausal processes. Building on recent tools from extreme value and alpha-stable distribution theories, NONCAUSALBubble will characterise the conditional distribution of future paths given the past observed trajectory during explosive episodes for 1) higher-order and 2) multivariate noncausal ARMA models. Closed-form formulations of the predictive distribution during bubble episodes will be derived alongside analytical quantification of the crash odds, and an intuitive prediction framework in terms of bubble pattern-recognition will be developed. The project is hosted by VU Amsterdam, one of the top research groups in time series econometrics and forecasting.

Mots clés : noncausal processes, explosive bubbles, forecasting, econometric theory

Participants :
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet DEMOS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Speech production is full of disfluencies, which are “phenomena that interrupt the flow of speech and do not add propositional content to an utterance”. However, it is not well understood why speakers are so often disfluent. To reveal the underlying causes of disfluency, most approaches attempt to relate the pattern of disfluencies to difficulties at specific levels of language production. The current project will also investigate disfluency by manipulating different levels of production. In addition, we will bring together different accounts of disfluency by 1) capturing monitoring or stalling strategy using eye-tracking and 2) identifying the role of non-linguistic cognitive functions and individual differences through neuropsychological tests. Findings will open new avenues for the investigation and understanding of discourse production, in normal and in clinical populations.

Mots clés : connected speech, disfluency, eye tracking

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet QUEST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Speleothems (cave deposits, e.g. stalagmites) represent unique terrestrial archives that allow for accurately dated, high-resolution (often annual), continuous and long (many millennia) climate reconstructions. Such records are vital for understanding how climate varies and how our environments respond on seasonal to millennial timescales. However, current speleothem studies can only make qualitative inferences about climate parameters – i.e. they can tell us the direction of change (warmer, drier, etc.) but not the amount of change (how warm? how dry?). Quantitative information is crucial to make speleothem-based data more useful to climate modellers and policy makers. QUEST (QUantitative palaeoEnvironments from SpeleoThems) will develop new techniques for extracting quantitative information from speleothems and link field and laboratory experiments on water/mineral chemistry with innovative physical and numerical analyses on speleothems. The combination of these techniques, based on physical and chemical properties and statistical methods, will allow us to deliver quantitative reconstructions of two key parameters: hydrology and temperature. We will test our methods using speleothems from Australasia, a region vulnerable to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. At present, there is a relative dearth of millennial-scale palaeoclimate data from this region. Our team members come from a variety of backgrounds including environmental chemistry, environmental mineral magnetism, and numerical data analysis. Each group within the team has already begun developing innovative methods for palaeoclimate reconstruction within their own subfield, but this project will be the first time these methods are combined and applied collectively to speleothems. Our combination of interdisciplinary expertise, state-of-the-art instrumentation, and novel techniques means that we are ideally placed to develop quantitative climate records from speleothems.

Mots clés : speleothems, quantitative paleoclimate proxies, time series

Participants :
- Leibniz Association (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 45000.0 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 18000.0 €
- Ruhr University Bochum (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 31500.0 €
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 49500.0 €
- University of Waikato (Nouvelle-Zélande) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SWITCHCATALYSIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Spin crossover (SCO) is an intensively studied and highly versatile representative of molecular switches. The change of numerous physical properties during the spin transition has provoked a wide inclusion of SCO materials into various electronic, photonic and mechanical experiments. The main question asked in this project is how the drastic electronic and structural reorganizations accompanying spin transition will influence the catalytic activity of SCO complexes and composites. These studies will cover the redox catalytic activity of SCO molecular complexes, nanoparticles and composites, photocatalytic properties of SCO complexes, catalysis by conjugates with enzymes, and other switchable materials with catalytic activity. The expected results will allow the creation of switchable catalysts and will contribute to the fundamental knowledge on the spin-dependent catalytic activity of metallic centres. This project aims to combine the background of an experienced researcher that works in the domain of spin crossover materials, and the competence of a hosting group that deals with functional nanoparticles including their catalytic and photocatalytic activities. This combination of expertise supported by the facilities of Johannes Gutenberg University will create the optimal conditions for the realization of scientific purposes included in this project and will conduce to the efficient knowledge transfer between the experienced researcher and the host laboratory.

Mots clés : spin crossover

Participants :
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet CRASCI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is followed by functional reorganization of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), in which the S1 area deprived of inputs is activated by sensory stimulation of surrounding intact regions. Recent data suggest that reorganization after SCI is a heterogeneous process depending on the time elapsed after injury and the cortical layer under study. This research proposal aims to study the complexity of the cortical reorganization after SCI in terms of spatial-temporal patterns and the involvement of distinct cell types as inhibitory interneurons and astrocytes. This will be achieved by monitoring and manipulating brain activity using in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology, genetically encoded calcium indicators (GCaMP6), chemogenetics (DREADDs) and transgenic mice. A mice model of thoracic SCI will be used throughout the study. First, reorganization of the hindlimb and forelimb S1 cortex at different time points after the injury will be studied by recording in vivo neuronal activity in response to sensory stimulation across all layers of S1 using a vertical multielectrode array. Second, changes in inhibitory transmission induced by SCI will be studied by monitoring intracellular Ca2+ signaling and by in vitro electrophysiology from GFP expressing GABAergic cells. Third, the role of astrocytes in the reorganization after SCI will be studied by using either Gq DREADD to enhance astrocyte activity or IP2R2-/- mice to decrease astrocyte activity while recording in vivo neuronal responses across all layers of S1. Changes in astrocyte activity after SCI will also be determined by monitoring intracellular Ca2+ signals from astrocytes expressing the calcium indicator GCaMP6. Results from this proposal will be a first in understanding the complex network of local plasticity in S1 both in control conditions and after SCI. It will be also relevant to design new therapies for SCI-associated pathologies as neuropathic pain.

Mots clés : cortical plasticity, spinal cord injury, inhibitory interneurons, astrocytes, neuronal excitability

Participants :
- Fundacion hospital nacional de paraplejicos (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet PROLED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Stable neutral π-radicals can utilise up to 100% of excitons as doublet emission in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), thus circumventing the limitations of traditional fluorescent (singlet) and phosphorescent (triplet) emitters. Our aim is to develop polymer radicals as a new class of highly luminescent emitters by chemically coupling stable radical molecules into suited polymer backbones. This will interconnect the benefits of low-cost solution-based processing of conjugated polymers and the attainable high efficiency of doublet emission from π-radicals. Novel polymers will be synthesized and scrutinized using a range of state-of-the-art spectroscopic techniques. The most promising polymers will be selected for OLEDs fabrication using solution-based methods. Polymer radicals exhibit simultaneously optical, electronic and magnetic properties. This will open new possibilities not only for OLEDs but also for other fields, such as photovoltaics, polymer magnetics, lightweight batteries and supercapacitors, spintronics and antistatic coatings for consumer electronics.


Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet DISSection (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Industrial Doctorates
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major human pathogen and cutaneous infections are among the leading cause of emergency department visits. Unfortunately, S. aureus vaccine development is hindered by the lack of known correlates of protection. Three dimensional organotypic human skin models may represent a valid alternative to animal infection model. Indeed, S. aureus expresses several human-specific virulence factors. However, at the present such models have been rarely used in the S. aureus research field and, to our knowledge, never with immune-competent models. Therefore, a major aim of this proposal is to develop a human skin equivalent and integrate key immune components in the epithelial matrix. To accomplish this goal we will take advantage of cutting-edge technologies, such as induced pluripotent stem cells to generate macrophages and neutrophils. The model will be used and optimized to the following main objectives: better understanding of human-specific pathogenesis of S. aureus as well as protective mechanisms against the pathogen; development of the first immune-competent human skin models for vaccine research; determine the role of bacterial communities on skin infections; provide alternative methods to animal models. The proposed scientific program will be complemented with a number of training courses based on specific skills for which both the University of Utrecht and Novartis Vaccines are renowned. Complementary courses on dermatology, human skin infections, hydrogel scaffolds, mass spectrometry, and induced pluripotent stem technology, will be held by associate partners. At the end of the project the students will receive a PhD degree in the area of Infection and Immunity. We believe that this project is at the leading edge of science and technology and represents a good opportunity for students that are willing to grow both in basic science as well as innovative and applicative research.

Mots clés : human skin equivalents, tissue engineering, s  aureus, phagocytes, immune evasion, complement, predictive models, correlates of protection, mass spectrometry, rt pcr, stem cells

Participants :
- University Medical Center Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 510748.56 €
- GlaxoSmithKline (Italy) (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 516122.64 €
Projet HGB-StIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important bacterial pathogens impacting human health. Beta-barrel pore-forming toxins (BB-PFTs) are major virulence factors of S. aureus that destroy phagocytes, key effectors of immunity during staphylococcal infection, in a receptor-specific manner. Acquired immunity to a specific compound of S. aureus, LTA, can rescue an inborn error of the TLR2 pathway (TIRAP deficiency). I hypothesize that severe staphylococcal infections during childhood, at least in some patients, can result from single gene inborn errors of immunity. Some of these disorders may affect immunity to BB-PFTs and the TLR2 pathway. In this project, a cohort of ±70 patients with severe S. aureus infections during childhood will be investigated for mutations responsible for a poor outcome of infection. I will perform whole exome sequencing in these patients and their parents. I will search for mutations in genes encoding BB-PFT-receptors and the TLR2 pathway. I will also search for mutations in a genome-wide approach, testing various genetic models and taking advantage, when appropriate, of genome-wide linkage. I will then functionally characterize the candidate mutations. Depending on the gene identified, a set of experiments will be performed to investigate the functional consequences of the morbid gene on immunity against S. aureus, and I will further characterize the specific host-pathogen interaction. This project will not only shed light on the pathogenesis of S. aureus, but will also provide the basis for new avenues of vaccine and treatment strategies. By investigating human host counterparts in a genome-wide setting, this study is the first unbiased and systematic assessment linking S. aureus virulence factors with host genetic predisposition.

Mots clés : staphylococcus aureus, human genetics, genome wide approaches, infectious diseases, pediatrics

Participants :
- Rockefeller University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University Medical Center Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260929.8 €
Projet PROGENITOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Stars initially ten times more massive than our Sun play a vital role in the evolution of the Cosmos. Their death is marked by the sudden collapse of their cores into neutron stars or black holes. Somehow, tight couples of massive black holes in the distant Universe occasionally merge, unleashing powerful gravitational waves that are now regularly being measured. The underlying processes that lead to the formation of these pairs remain shrouded in mystery, entailing an intricate story about the life cycle of their PROGENITORs -- the most massive and evolved stars. This reminded the astrophysical community of huge gaps in our knowledge of key processes governing massive-star evolution, related to binary interactions, mass-loss, and mixing. To mitigate this, we must obtain robust empirical constraints on the multiplicity, configuration, and stellar properties of the direct progenitors of black holes in regions that approach the conditions of the distant Universe: the Wolf-Rayet populations of the Magellanic Clouds. The MSCA fellowship offers an ideal platform for achieving this, relying on my unique skills, data, and tools in massive-star spectroscopy with training in state-of-the-art evolution models of stellar populations that I will receive at the University of Amsterdam. I will exploit brand new multi-epoch, multiwavelength monitoring spectroscopy obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Very Large Telescope (VLT). I will establish the physical and orbital properties of entire populations of Wolf-Rayet stars and binaries in the Magellanic Clouds relying on state-off-the-art tools and novel analysis techniques. I will compute population-synthesis models to constrain the evolutionary paths of gravitational-wave mergers. Through this, I will push our understanding of massive stars and gravitational wave sources throughout the Cosmos to new frontiers.

Mots clés : massive stars, magellanic clouds, wolf rayet stars, black holes, binaries, stellar evolution, gravitational waves

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175572.48 €