Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet RESIST3D (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most deadly cancer type among women in Europe. Despite the fact that standard chemotherapy is usually effective in eliminating bulk tumour mass, thereby inducing remission, most patients diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer die from the disease, as relapsed lesions emerge from small subpopulations of surviving drug-resistant cells. Precision medicine aims to improve cancer care through tailoring individualized therapies based on genomic or functional profiling of human cancers. However, as these approaches are usually performed on bulk tumour cells, the small pre-existing drug-resistant cell subpopulations remain untargeted. In the RESIST3D project, I will utilize ovarian cancer organoids – a patient-derived, three-dimensional cell cultures – to search for new strategies to eradicate drug-resistant cancer cells. I will use two organoid models developed for the same patient – one model derived from tumour material taken before chemotherapeutic treatment and one from a post-treatment sample, typically enriched in drug-resistant cells. I will further enrich the organoids in quiescent, drug-resistant cells by maintaining them in physiologic-like culture medium. I will then apply the models for drug-response profiling in order to identify agents that eradicate pre-existing drug-resistant cells, which could be combined with standard chemotherapy. Finally, I will assess whether the selected combinations prevent relapses in patient-derived xenograft mouse models. RESIST3D sets a new direction in precision cancer medicine, as it focuses on targeting small pre-existing subpopulations of drug-resistant cells rather than bulk tumour mass. Through combining organoid model, paired samples for each patient and physiologic culture conditions, I expect to identify new ways to target drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, RESIST3D will provide me with new research expertise and a scientific network that will enhance my research career.

Mots clés : organoids, 3d cell culture, drug resistance, ovarian cancer, precision cancer medicine, high throughput drug screening, drug response profiling, functional cell based assays, cell culture conditions

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet NELLAFLOW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Over 420,000 people die each year due to contaminated foodstuffs, with Salmonella identified as one of the key global causes. Yet conventional methods for the determination of Salmonella in food require several enrichment and subculture steps performed by trained staff at lab-based facilities, taking up to 5 days to obtain a result. Lateral Flow Assays (LFAs) have emerged as a powerful alternative method for Salmonella testing because they are rapid, simple-to-use and amenable for Point-of-Need (PoN). However, current LFAs available in the market only provide binary (yes/no) or semiquantitative responses, lacking the rapidness and sensitivity required for food monitoring due to the limitations of the colorimetric transduction. By the integration of paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS) as detectors into Lateral Flow Assays, NELLAFLOW will address the challenge of quantitative determination of Salmonella in food without the requirement of long enrichment steps. PEGS have already proven to be highly sensitive towards water-soluble gases determination. They exploit the intrinsic hygroscopic characteristics of cellulose paper and the changes in its ionic conductance in the presence of water-soluble gases. The incorporation of aptamers as biological recognition elements in the PEGS-LFA platform will improve the implementation of the prototype for on-site monitoring as they are low-cost, highly specific, and stable at room temperature. Through a multidisciplinary approach (biomolecular engineering, analytical chemistry, printed electronics, microbiology) NELLAFLOW will tackle a problem in the food industry with an innovative versatile technology that can be easily transferred to other application fields. By combining academic and non-academic training, NELLAFLOW will broaden the Fellow expertise through new technical and management skills that will complement her previous experience while delivering high impact results and transfer of knowledge.

Mots clés : paper based electrical gas sensors  pegs, lateral flow assay  lfa, aptamers, salmonella, bacteria, food safety

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 319400.64 €
Projet AMBER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Doctoral Networks
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over recent years the ubiquity of mobile platforms such as smartphones and tablets devices has rapidly increased. These devices provide a range of untethered interaction unimaginable a decade previously. With this ability to interact with services and individuals comes the need to accurately authenticate the identity of the person requesting the transaction many of which carry financial/legally-binding instruction. Biometric solutions have also seen increased prominence over the past decade with large-scale implementations in areas such as passport and national ID systems. The adoption of specific biometric sensors by mobile vendors indicates a long-term strategy as a means of authentication. This adoption is is at critical point – users need to be confident of biometrics in terms of usability, privacy and performance; compromise in any one of these categories will lead to mistrust and a reluctance to adopt over and above conventional forms of authentication. The design, implementation and assessment of biometrics on mobile devices therefore requires a range of solutions to aid initial and continued adoption. The EU needs to have experts trained specifically in the field to ensure that it participates, competes and succeeds in the global market. AMBER comprises 11 partners with recognised expertise from across the EU. The specific objectives are to: • Address a range of current issues facing biometric solutions on mobile devices requiring timely research and development. • Collate Europe-wide complementary expertise to investigate these issues and provide a structure and environment to effectively facilitate training. • Train and equip the next generation of researchers to define, investigate and implement solutions, and provide transferable skills to enable effective planning, management and communication of research ideas and outcomes. • Develop solutions and theory to ensure secure, ubiquitous and efficient authentication whilst protecting privacy of citizen.

Mots clés : mobile platforms, usability performance, privacy, security and confidence

Participants :
- Carlos III University of Madrid (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 495745.92 €
- Warsaw University of Technology (Pologne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 448274.88 €
- University of Kent (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 546575.76 €
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 498432.96 €
- Roma Tre University (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 516122.64 €
Projet MANAGECOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Over the last 10 years, cases of corruption and money laundering involving management consulting firms multiplied in the global South. They cast doubts on these firms’ claims to help establish transparent competitive economies and to deliver solid accounting services. MANAGECOR is a political science project which examines the role of these firms in the financialisation of emerging economies and their subsequent enabling of illicit financial flows. It looks at two cases (Petrobras and Odebrecht in Brasil, State capture case in South Africa) on which exceptional sets of data are publicly available but have not been used yet. The data are composed of political and judicial investigations which include leaks of internal documents with details of operations and services provided. They will be processed through an original interdisciplinary method and thanks to the trainings received by the researcher. The project aims at making 3 contributions: 1) Along with a group of leading researchers it will be associated with, it will develop a new theorization of corruption. It will show that corruption results of processes and networks of actors at the core of the global economy. These results may help to improve anti corruption policies. 2) The project uses a close collaboration with the supervisor and a joint discussion of the results to bridge gaps in the literature as regard to the accounting, fiscal and legal practices that consulting firms imported into emerging countries. It will examine how consulting firms act as brokers, how they manage their reputation and mitigate risks. 3) MANAGECOR contributes to rewriting the political economies of Brazil and South Africa to show how external reform agendas affected existing political economies of corruption. This will be done with the writing of a monograph and by engaging with local academics’ works. The results will be disseminated to a global public interested in understanding the perpetuation of structural inequalities.

Mots clés : corruption, illicit financial flows, management consulting firms, development, brazil, south africa

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet ImagiNE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over the last 10 years, new developed tools such as the ambient noise correlation technique have enabled to detect small and transient change in elasticity due to earthquakes or volcanic activity. There are strong indications that such changes are related to nonlinear elastic processes in the Earth's crust. Indeed, at the laboratory scale, it is observed that dynamic elastic waves (equivalent to an earthquake at large scale) with amplitudes greater than a microstrain will transiently soften the elasticity of rocks. Therefore, we expect that studying nonlinear elastic processes in seismology can help us understand the mechanism of seismic faults, volcanic regions and phenomena such as landslides. Because ambient noise techniques require a long averaging in space and time, only long-term relaxations (called slow dynamics) due to nonlinear effects have been so far observed. However in the laboratory, fast dynamics near damaged zones also exists along with slow dynamics. We will bridge this gap by focusing on active seismicity (no averaging required) at short time scales just before and after main earthquakes (up to ~ few weeks) using dense seismic networks and array processing techniques. By concentrating our efforts to these fast nonlinear effects, we devote this work to our long-term goal of detecting precursors for earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, etc. The applicant's broad experience in nonlinear elasticity and the internationally renowned expertise at ISTerre both in large-scale seismology and laboratory-scale acoustics make it the ideal combination for this project. We intend to develop novel imaging techniques at the laboratory scale before applying them at various larger scales. The methods developed here can potentially lead to innovative techniques in various other domains, including non-destructive testing of materials, exploration of natural resources and medical imaging.

Mots clés : geophysical hazards, earthquake, volcanic eruption and landslide precursors, nonlinear elasticity, seismic waves, foreshocks, aftershocks, friction, faults

Participants :
- Université Grenoble Alpes (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet Gold3Cat (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over the last 20 years, gold catalysis has become a very efficient method for the rapid construction of complex and highly functionalized molecules. However, gold catalysis is mainly limited to the activation of π-systems by Au(I) complexes. Comparatively, Au(III) catalysis is poorly developed due to the rarity of stable but reactive Au(III) complexes. But recent studies showed that judicious ligand design enables to stabilize Au(III) complexes and that switching from Au(I) to Au(III) leads to completely different reactivity and selectivity. The Gold3Cat project envisions to elaborate a library of well-defined Au(III) complexes and to develop a new facet of gold catalysis thanks to the unique properties of these Au(III) complexes. The first step will consist in preparing a range of stable Au(III) complexes relevant to catalysis (WP1). P-Based chelate and pincer complexes are proposed, as well as (O,O) chelated complexes featuring a catechol moiety. The electronic properties of the new Au(III) complexes will be thoroughly studied to enable rational catalytic development and optimization. Given its importance but current limitations, efforts will concentrate on hydroarylation (WP2). This includes asymmetric versions in which the square-planar geometry of Au(III) should impart enhanced chiral induction (WP3). The ability of P-based pincer ligands to stabilize Au(III) carbene complexes will also be studied, and catalytic transformations taking advantage of the high electrophilicity of these unprecedented species are targeted (WP4). The Gold3Cat project is very ambitious both synthetically and conceptually, but it is built on solid foundations. It combines ligand design, advanced organometallic studies and important catalytic applications. Given the dynamism of the host group and the training plan involving broad scientific and personal development, it offers ideal conditions for the researcher to enhance its potential and prepare to start her independent career.


Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet SUSTEUS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over the last decade, a new field of studies on ‘green gentrification’ has suggested a causal correlation between the implementation of environmentally sustainable planning initiatives and the displacement of low-income residents due to changes in property values resulting from environmental improvements. Such patterns are particularly alarming when 'green' development initiatives are implemented in disadvantaged neighborhoods with a history of concentrated poverty and social marginalization. In this comparative interdisciplinary study I will add to this growing body of literature by investigating the impact of 'green' redevelopment plans on the communities housed in three social housing estates in Europe and the US. I will conduct research in three cities –Berlin, London and Los Angeles – where three social housing estates, home to poor and marginalized communities, have been recently redeveloped as eco-friendly urban districts. My aim is to assess the extent to which these plans have encouraged processes of residential displacement of vulnerable households, including minorities and women, and if and what actions have been put in place to prevent them. My research objectives (RO) are: to examine the different politico-institutional landscapes in which the 'green' plans identified have been developed and operate in (RO1); to document the three redevelopment projects and the planning toolkits in use in each specific context (RO2); to quantify the socio-demographic impact of redevelopment, documenting residential turnover (RO3); to qualify the social impacts on the pre-existing public housing tenants through in-depth qualitative research (RO4). By shedding light on the dynamics of gentrification and displacement that may arise in social housing estates undergoing 'green' development, this research will provide an evidence base for policy making and encourage the design and implementation of equitable public policies that might counter unintended negative outcomes.

Mots clés : ecology, environment, environmental planning, urban development, urban planning, housing, social housing, green, gentrification, urban, sustainable, sustainability, case studies, cities

Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Leicester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 271732.8 €
Projet IT-DNN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over the last decade, deep-learning algorithms have dramatically improved the state of the art in many machine-learning problems, including computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, and audio recognition. Despite their success, however, there is no satisfactory mathematical theory that explains the functioning of such algorithms. Indeed, a common critique is that deep-learning algorithms are often used as black box, which is unsatisfactory in all applications for which performance guarantees are critical (e.g., traffic-safety applications). The purpose of this project is to increase our theoretical understanding of deep neural networks (DNN). This will be done by developing novel information-theoretic bounds on the generalization error attainable using DNN and by demonstrating how such bounds can guide the design of such network.

Mots clés : information theory, deep neural network, generalization error

Participants :
- Chalmers University of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet CAP-ICE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Over the last decades, sea-ice in the Arctic Ocean (AO) has undergone unprecedented changes, with drastic decline in its extent, thickness and duration. Modern climate models are unable to simulate these changes, leading to large uncertainties in Arctic and Global Change predictions. Sea-ice strongly attenuates solar radiation and it is generally thought that phytoplankton, which drives Arctic marine CO2 sequestration, only grow in open waters once sea-ice retreats in spring. However, the discovery of large under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs) growing beneath sea-ice contradicts this paradigm. UIB productivity in ice-covered regions has been suggested to be ten-fold larger than presently modeled. By initiating an international network (USA, France, Canada, Germany, Norway), the CAP-ICE project will acquire knowledge on the occurrence of UIBs, the physical mechanisms that control their initiation and productivity, and will quantify how UIBs affect the Arctic carbon cycle and climate. CAP-ICE will equally combine observational, modeling and novel technology approaches. Multiple pan-Arctic expeditions will provide new field observations on the environmental conditions controlling UIBs. Since UIBs are invisible to ocean color satellite sensors, developing a novel model adapted to under-ice environments will allow quantifying the contribution of UIBs to the Arctic carbon cycle. Finally, the recent launch of autonomous robotic platforms (Bio-Argo floats) will support the first assessment of UIB primary production and carbon export in AO and the implementation of a Bio-Argo Arctic network. These inter-disciplinary and innovative activities will establish a two-way exchange of knowledge between the researcher/fellow and the host institutions and enhance their European and international competitiveness. Outcomes of CAP-ICE will have an impact on the European strategy for global ocean observations, enhance European research excellence, and address a major societal challenge.

Mots clés : carbon cycle, phytoplankton ecology, under sea ice blooms, marine observatory systems, satellite, autonomous platforms, arctic ocean

Participants :
- Stanford University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Sorbonne Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 264668.4 €
Projet Cosmo-Bridge (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Over the last decades, we have established a standard cosmological paradigm by combining the information from complementary cosmological probes. However, many intriguing questions remain to be answered: the nature of dark energy, the driving mechanisms of the cosmic inflation, and masses of neutrinos. In this proposal, I will focus on the cosmological information content of the large-scale structure (LSS) of the Universe. Different physical processes leave their unique imprints on the clustering pattern of LSS at different scales, and N-point statistics act a bridge between the observables and the underlying physics. In the coming years, new large-volume galaxy surveys will probe the LSS of the Universe with exquisite detail. However, traditional analysis methods, based mostly on 2-point statistics alone, are not adequate for these new surveys and must urgently be revised to ensure their full potential. This proposal aims to maximise the information to be extracted from the upcoming surveys. With the Marie-Curie fellowship, I will carry out a consistent joint analysis of the 2- and 3-point statistics, and develop a complementary but simplified treatment of the N-point statistics. These tools will be applied to the new data to constrain the cosmological models, with special focus in understanding the properties of the primordial signatures and models beyond the standard cosmological paradigm. In the outgoing phase, I will work at Univesity of Florida (US) to benefit from the expertise in the leading algorithms to estimate higher-order statistics, their theoretical modelling, and knowledge about high-performance computing. In the incoming phase, I will work at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (Germany), I will delve into the data from the real surveys and understand potential systematic errors. With the help of the experts at MPE, the experience and techniques acquired in the US will be applied to the datasets to extract more precise information.

Mots clés : galaxy redshift survey, n point statistics, modified gravity, neutrinos

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 264669.12 €
- State University System of Florida (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €