Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ILCSIGNALLING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Battling acute and chronic enteric disease is a priority in Europe and worldwide, especially now at the age of widespread antibiotic resistance. A network of gut immune and epithelial cells tolerates commensal microbes, while retaining its ability to initiate a potent response upon pathogenic infection. Whether and how commensal gut microbes affect the capacity of immune system to fight enteric infection remains largely unknown. This project aims to reveal how the microbiome modulates immune system focusing on recently discovered, but poorly understood innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). The Researcher will use her expertise in single cell transcriptomics to profile dozens of cell populations from the gut, coupled with computational signalling network reconstruction, to identify and characterise the cell-to-cell interactions of ILCs during infection. Microbial transplants into germ free mice and antibiotic treatments will reveal how microbiome shapes immune response, in particular how it affects inter-cellular communication. This novel systems-level approach will enable major advances in three areas of study: (I) the elucidation of cell-to-cell communication circuits; (II) the integration of ILCs into the network of intestinal immune responses; and (III) the understanding how the resident microbiota impact the host response to infection. Furthermore, this study will contribute with open-access extensive resource of cellular phenotypes and interactions during early anti-pathogen response and will provide a new computational method illustrating how to capitalise on the bounty of single-cell RNAseq data. The project will allow combining the Researcher’s expertise in single cell RNA sequencing with expertise of Elinav lab in the gut host-microbiome interactions, that will lead to bidirectional transfer of knowledge and will help the Researcher to achieve scientific independence needed to assume principle investigator position in the future.

Mots clés : microbiome, mucosal immunity, single cell rna sequencing, enteric infection

Participants :
- Weizmann Institute of Science (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 170509.2 €
Projet RncRNAA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Because old age is the largest risk factor for many human diseases, it is one of the key challenges of our time to find ways to increase healthy lifespan and reduce the loss of health in later life. Inhibition of protein synthesis is capable of extending the lifespan of a number of organisms and has been shown to ameliorate symptoms in models of several age related diseases. Recent studies have shown that non-coding (nc) RNAs frequently interact with translating ribosomes, although little is known about their function there. In previous work, I discovered a ribosome-bound ncRNA to be required for both the inhibition of translation and the increase in lifespan seen in insulin signaling (IIS) mutant worms. However, due to a nematode-specific RNA trans-splicing mechanism, affecting post-transcriptional gene regulation, the relevance of these results to others organisms remains unclear. Given the crucial role protein synthesis plays in lifespan determination and the unexplored functions of ncRNAs in this process, I propose to systematically investigate the role of ncRNAs in translation and longevity. My goal is to identify ncRNAs that interact with ribosomes that have an effect on proteostasis or post-transcriptional gene regulation and consequently on lifespan extension and understanding their function.

Mots clés : aging, non coding rna, ribosome and translation, post transcriptional gene regulation, insulin, insulin growth factor signaling

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet DigRTEpi (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Behavior, reactivity and consciousness of epilepsy patients may be unpredictably impaired by seizures. For one important aspect in the daily lives of epilepsy patients, driving, international and national guidelines exist. These guidelines for the fitness to drive require worldwide a period of seizure freedom. In addition, a compatible electroencephalography (EEG) recording is required for vocational drivers in many countries and for all traffic participants in few countries including Switzerland. It’s about the occurrence of epileptiform EEG potentials in-between seizures that are not perceived by epilepsy patients and not visible to observers, called interictal epileptic activity (IEA). Detailed EEG compatibility specifications have however not been formulated. In an interdisciplinary approach with neurology, medical electronics engineering, behavioral neurosciences, and informatics, we aim at developing the first integrated system that automatically records the impact of IEA on behavior, reactivity, and consciousness in epilepsy patients, called DigRTEpi Test. This test should support physicians in their assessment of IEA effects on reactivity and thus provides objective and standardized support in the decision on EEG compatibility and the fitness to drive in clinical practice. The new system will circumvent digital latencies by computers and software, record patients’ effective reaction times and thus will open a new dimension of accuracy. A new open-source video-EEG synchronization and compatibility with various commercial EEG recording devices will grant user-friendliness. Patients will benefit from a better understanding of the impact of IEA on their daily activities of life because IEA effects can be made plausible to them by reaction time prolongations, and thus decisions on EEG compatibility may be better accepted. In future, we also work towards integrating the DigRTEpi Test into guidelines for the fitness to drive.

Mots clés : epilepsy, simulated driving, impact on reactivity, cognition and behavior, automated epileptiform burst detection, machine learning, digital latency of computers

Participants :
- Goethe University Frankfurt (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 257860.8 €
- University of Bern (Suisse) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Yale University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet NeuroContext (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Behaviors are quantitative traits, influenced by natural genetic variants in many different genes. Ultimately, polymorphisms impact the activity of single neurons to modify behavior. However, studies to dissect neuronal circuits are performed in a single genetic background, without the genetic context where they evolved. In this action, I propose to study neuronal activity in a more natural genetic context, by manipulating the activity of single neurons and measuring the resulting impact on behavior in several genetic backgrounds. This will allow determining how robust are neural circuits to genetic perturbation and identifying polymorphisms that modulate neuronal activity at the single neuron resolution. To study the impact of genetic background in neuronal activity, I will use D.melanogaster, which offer versatile genetic tools to manipulate activity of single neurons, resources for rapid analysis of population genetics and robust behavioral assays. One conserved behavior that flies share with many other species is the freeze or flee response to threats. Many aspects of this behavior have been dissected in flies, including the role of descending neurons (DNs), which connect the brain to motor centers. In here, I will inhibit the activity of DNs previously shown to impact the freezing behavior in response to looming stilmuli. This will be performed in several genetic backgrounds, using a collection of inbreed lines with fully sequenced genomes. With this, I will identify polymorphisms that interact with the action of single DNs, trough genome wide association study (GWAS). The candidate genes from this analysis will be tested for their role in modulating the neuronal activity. NeuroContext will elucidate how genetic polymorphisms, present in natural populations, interact with the activity of single neurons. This will greatly impact the future research in neurosciences, by informing on how genetic backgrounds have to be considered in research programmes.

Mots clés : drosophila melanogaster, descending neurons, genetic background, gwas, freeze or flee, dgrp

Participants :
- Champalimaud Foundation (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159815.04 €
Projet EuMeDE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Being one of the smallest 19th century European powers, however with one of the largest overseas empires, the Netherlands continuously depended on non-European services, resources and man-power to build and run their far-flung island empire in Southeast Asia. Unsurprisingly, around 40% of the European soldiers employed by the Dutch Colonial Army between 1816 and c. 1914 were non-Dutch, hailing mostly from Belgium, Germany, France, and Switzerland. How did the Dutch manage to recruit ca. 70.000 European foreigners into their colonial army? And how did these men not only help build the Dutch Empire, but through their imperial careers also affect the histories of those European regions they came from? Using a database with biographic information on all 175.000 European soldiers and mercenaries in the Dutch Colonial Army, this project will be the first to tell the 'forgotten' story of deep historical connections between Indonesia, which today is the largest Muslim-majority and the overall third largest democracy in the World, and vast parts of Western- and Central Europe. Uncovering this largely unknown connected history will impact European Global History, Dutch Colonial History and the national histories of the mentioned countries. Carrying out this project under the supervision of Prof. Roland Wenzlhuemer at the Munich Centre for Global History will deepen my conceptual understanding of Global History, widen my methodological skill set, and improve my leadership skills. This will significantly increase my chances of getting a tenured position for European and Global History.

Mots clés : dutch colonial history, southeast asia, indonesia, netherlands, germany, france, switzerland, belgium

Participants :
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet ASSERT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Betalactams (BL) are the most widely used antibiotics and the first-choice drugs to control several bacterial infections, however, they can lead to serious allergic reactions in up to 10% of the general population. The current diagnosis of allergy to BL includes skin test and/or drug provocation tests, which are invasive and carry a risk of anaphylaxis requiring hospitalisation. Basophil activation test (BAT) is one of the best options for diagnosis of allergy because it is free of risk and at a reduced cost for health care. The ASSERT project will bring a nanotechnology-based BAT assay specific for allergy to BL with higher sensitivity and specificity, which are the main weakness of the current assays. Of importance, the number and conformation of displayed antigens at the nanoparticle surface will be controlled to assure standardisation and increase precision and reproducibility of the assay. In addition, a complete validation plan is envisaged to fit the standards for clinical diagnostics. The two factors for the success of the project are, one one hand, the solid experience of the host lab in immunology, specially allergy and nanoparticle technology and, on the other hand, the expertise of the candidate in immunology, molecular biology and test validation design for clinical diagnostics. Moreover, the the two way of transfer of knowledge is assured, which will help the candidate to restart her research career in the European Union. Finally, the expected results of the project will contribute to enlarge the basic knowledge about allergen-specific activation of basophils, and will give rise to an optimised BL-BAT assay with the required clinical and analytical validation to be used in diagnostics.

Mots clés : betalactams, allergy, basophil activation test, nannoparticles, clinical validation, analytical validation, clinical diagnosis

Participants :
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación de Málaga en Biomedicina y Salud (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 259398.72 €
Projet CEJaMS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

Between 1920-1945, many Japanese tango musicians migrated to work at the Shanghai dancehalls. The cosmopolitan city of Shanghai was considered by the Japan musicians as the authentic place to work and to polish their skills as tango performers. There is evidence, however, that upon their return to Japan such musicians came to participate in the Japanese government's pro-emigration politics of this time. During 1920-1945, tango music and its eroticised visual images were used by the Japanese government for their pro-emigration campaigns to further encourage Japanese immigration to South America. Tango was used as representing South American-ness, and this propaganda motivated the Japanese immense fascination for the continent resulting in increased number of migrants, encouraged by the images of 'ideal gender relations' of the continent. This concept was produced through tango's visual images, and sexualised narratives in popular magazines, and through tango song lyrics in the newly established 'Japanese tango song' genre. Japanese popular musicologists, migration and gender studies specialists, Japanese and Latin American studies scholars have studied the political organisation of the Japanese fascination for South America, as well as China, using historical analyses and under the lens of modernity. The ER will use these methods in innovative ways to study the role of music in the orchestration of Japanese immigration to South America, 1920-1945. This project will contribute new knowledge on the Japanese tango musicians' activities in Shanghai and their roles as musicians and composers in the pro-emigration politics of this time. Through this project the ER will develop new skills in archival research, Chinese language skills, data analysis, publication preparation, presentation, dissemination, and social media communication skills. The ER will undertale fieldwork and archival work in 4 cities, publish 2 papers, present at 2 conferences, and organise a conference.

Mots clés : twentieth century japanese popular music, twentieth century japanese immigration to south america, tango, japanese tango musicians, shanghai, migration studies and history, modernity

Participants :
- University of Huddersfield (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 37488.96 €
- Osaka University (Japon) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Royal College of Music (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 259739.52 €
Projet PRECIOUS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Beyond their symbolic functions, body ornaments offer crucial information to tackle the social organization of the past societies and to address their techno-cultural behaviours. In this sense, PRECIOUS is dedicated to the study of the first semi-precious stone beads in the Near East and the Nile Valley. The major aim is to understand the production and the consumption systems of these beads during the Neolithisation and the emergence of the farming communities (8th-4th mill. cal. BC). Beads discovered in burials from major Near Eastern and Nubian archaeological sites will be analysed through a microwear approach complemented by geochemical analyses. For the first time in the field of stone ornaments, high-precision surface texture analysis will be applied using the technique of the Confocal Scanning Microscopy (CSM) and metrology software. The “biographies” of the archaeological beads (manufacturing techniques, modalities of uses including accidents, repairing or recycling events) will be reconstructed through microtopographic analyses and comparisons with ethnographic and experimental references. A challenging experimental collection of references will be created as stone bead preforms will first document several drilling and finishing techniques, and then be subject to different scenarios of uses. The ethnographic material available are carnelian beads produced by traditional workshops in Yemen and India. To address the place of semi-precious stone beads within the Neolithic societies, the quality of production (levels of technicity) and maintenance will be assessed and statistically compared with well-defined chronocultural contexts and biological data available for the individuals wearing the ornaments (age, sex). The PRECIOUS project will greatly advance the research on prehistoric ornaments as it proposes the study of a little explored topic with a dedicated multi-approached methodology.

Mots clés : microwear analyses, stone beads, confocal scanning microscopy, neolithic, ornaments, technology, production, raw material characterization, experiments, ethnographic collections, near east, nubia

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet BIDAMARK (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Big data analysis has become a source of competitive advantage for businesses and even whole economies. Big data is indeed a critical issue for the digital economy, innovation and services that are expected to drive growth and job creation in the EU. Compared to the USA, however, the EU has been slow in the adoption of big data analysis. Fortunately, big data opportunities still exist in many business sectors to improve the competitiveness of European firms. In particular, performance may be improved by making use of big customer data to offer goods and services that better meet customer needs, i.e., “big data-driven marketing (BDM)”. However, adopting BDM has a steep learning curve due to organizations’ lack of understanding regarding the diverse factors required to succeed. The BIDAMARK project aims to assess the impact of different success factors on BDM, and consequently on firms’ ability to achieve superior customer performance. To answer this question, a comparative analysis between France- and US-based firms, and between industry sectors, will be implemented. A quantitative survey methodology will be applied with structural equation modelling (PLS) as the primary analysis method. This project is a perfect springboard for the Principal Investigator (PI) through the opportunity to build durable research networks, and acquire new skills that are complementary with his current expertise. New skills include research skills (theoretical and methodological), technical skills (use of new software tools), project management skills (lead of interdisciplinary project), language skills (French), and training skills (course teaching). Moreover, the publication of conference papers (later developed into high-impact journal articles) and recommendations for decision-makers will contribute to the improvement of the visibility of the PI’s research, and positively influence his academic career. Finally, this project builds a foundation for future collaborations.

Mots clés : big data, business analytics, information systems, marketing, performance, consumer, customer empowerment, structural equation modelling

Participants :
- Université Toulouse Capitole (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet BIMEDA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Big medical data analytics is a new and unique opportunity for national health systems to reduce costs and improve population health management. The processing of vast amounts of medical histories from electronic patient records can provide researchers, clinicians, policy makers and private health companies with invaluable insights into all aspects of health and illness. New treatments, medication regimens and medical technologies can then be developed based on more accurate cost/benefit analyses. Importantly, it constitutes national health systems engines of economic growth. The European Commission is actively promoting a ‘Digital Agenda for Europe’, where more ‘Open (Government) Data’ will support and accelerate the development of ‘A Thriving Data-Driven Economy’. However, the European Agency for Fundamental Rights is working to address social, legal and ethical implications from surveillance activities and data protection mishaps, particularly for personal health information. The aim of the BIMEDA project is to elaborate a theoretical framework for critically analysing social, technical and ethical challenges from big medical data analytics, through the mapping of the data protection controversy of the Care.data programme in England and the ethnographic study of an academic and a private organisation that collaborate to collect and analyse big primary care data analytics. It brings together a talented researcher with background in qualitative research of clinical information systems’ implementation and use from a Science and Technology Studies perspective to work with an internationally renowned host institution (University of Nottingham) in big primary care data analytics and, healthcare organisations and (Horizon) Digital Economy research in order to identify and clarify, for policy-makers and the public, possibilities, limitations, assumptions and biases in research, knowledge production and ethical conduct.

Mots clés : big data, electronic patient records, ethnography, healthcare organisations, ethics, privacy

Participants :
- University of Nottingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €