Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet McCOFs (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Lithium-ion batteries are the most promising materials for sustainable energy storage due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and longer life cycles. Organic electrodes based on redox-active covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising alternatives to the often-used inorganic electrode materials. However, improving specific capacity, voltage, cycling stability and rate performance is required for practical applications. In this project, we aim to develop six polyimide-linked Multi-carbonyl-COFs (McCOFs) as cathodes with high energy density. We will achieve it by [3 + 2] reticular condensation of tritopic knots such as hexaazatripheas tris anhydride (HATTA) and mellitic trianhydride (MTA) with various diatopic linkers such as 2,7-diaminopyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (DAPT), 2,7-diaminobenzophenanthroline-tetraone (DANT) and pyromellitic-N,N′-bisaminoimide (BDH). The designed McCOFs incorporate the highest numbers (24) of carbonyl groups per pore along with six pyrazine of HATTA groups, which are evenly distributed along the pore walls, assisting rapid Li+ ions diffusion. Additionally, some of the targeted McCOFs have the highest theoretical capacity values such as HATTA-DAPT (Qtheo = 484 mAh g−1), HATA-BDH (Qtheo = 423 mAh g−1), HATA-DNT and (Qtheo = 385 mAh g−1). Thus, McCOFs aim to develop high-performance organic cathodes with superior energy density than previously reported for other McCOFs by the rational combination of carbonyl-rich framework, pyrazine-based building block with multiple redox centres and stable polyimide-linkages. I will receive advanced training in the synthesis, characterization, and exfoliation of McCOFs (Prof. Manuel Souto, Host PI, CIQUS-USC) and in the fabrication of COF-based bucky paper electrodes (Dr. Rebeca Marcilla, IMDEA Energy, Secondment). This work addresses ambitious objectives and nurtures my scientific development and independence in organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.

Mots clés : redox active covalent organic frameworks cofs , organic electrode materials, multi carbonyl cofs, exfoliation of cofs, lithium ion battery, energy storage materials

Participants :
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 209914.56 €
Projet SPEED (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

During the past decades, the connection between the economy and the climate came to the center of attention. However, while scholars and policymakers have been questioning the sustainability of the global economy, many factors have been limiting the design and implementation of coordinated worldwide mitigating policies. Therefore, the predictions for potential impacts on the world economy, and especially on low-income countries, are not optimistic.  In this context, developed economies are designing and implementing, unilaterally, stricter environmental policies, like the European Green Deal (EGD): a set of transformative policies for the European Union (EU) to ensure net-zero emissions in the EU while leaving no person and place behind. These spatial policies - i.e., implemented in the EU and not elsewhere - are ambitious but risky, due to interactions with a less stringent rest of the world (e.g., taxing emissions forcing energy-intense industries to reallocate out of the EU). How can the interaction of these environmental policies, between them and with the rest of the world, affect the EU’s transition to a net-zero emission, growing economy? How to assure that such a process entails equal economic development within the EU and worldwide?  The SPEED project - Spatial Policies for the Environment and Equal Development - will answer these questions. For that, it will start by building the ideal theoretical grounds with state-of-the-art spatial economic models capable of accommodating a wide range of spatial policies. Then, by combining these models with novel, high-resolution spatial datasets, it will perform counterfactual policy experiments that will showcase the efficiency of (and the underlying economic mechanisms behind) these policies. This hybrid theory-empirics approach will provide well-founded and carefully quantified answers to the proposed questions, informing policymakers about the trade-offs behind spatial policies like EGDs.

Mots clés : place based policies, carbon taxes, environmental policies, regional development

Participants :
- Université Pompeu Fabra (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 181152.96 €
Projet EpiCoVs (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Recent evidence indicates that codon usage bias regulates gene expression, as synonymous codons are not decoded with the same efficiency. Viruses are entirely dependent on the host translation machinery to express their proteins. Puzzlingly, the genomes of diverse viruses synthesize viral proteins at high levels, such as those of the emerging Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV) and the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 are enriched in rare codons that should slow down their translation. How these viruses achieve this high protein expression remains a fundamental question in virology. In Juana Díez's laboratory, recent findings have revealed an unprecedented interplay of the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) with the host tRNA epitranscriptome. CHIKV adapts the host translational machinery toward viral codon usage by overexpressing a tRNA modification enzyme that favors translating a specific set of codons enriched in CHIKV RNA. The proposed project will combine cellular, and molecular biology approaches with -omics analyses to further develop this novel research area and explore its translatability. First, using SARS-CoV-2 as a model, we will study whether the observed CHIKV-induced codon-specific reprogramming of the host translation machinery represents a common mechanism to optimize viral protein expression. Second, we will characterize the tRNA modifying enzymes involved. Third, we will explore the antiviral therapeutic interest of the identified enzymes. Together, these findings will shed light on a novel layer of virus-host interaction and might provide a rationale to consider the regulation of the host tRNA epitranscriptome as a promising target for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals.

Mots clés : sars cov 2, coronaviruses, rna viruses, translatome, transcriptome, trna, enzymes, covid19, chikv, zika, denv

Participants :
- Université Pompeu Fabra (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 181152.96 €
Projet ERINIA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

As challenges posed by misinformation become apparent in the modern digital society, state-of-the-art methods of Artificial Intelligence, especially Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning, are considered as countermeasures. Indeed, previous research has shown that NLP solutions can detect phenomena such as fake news, social media bots or usage of propaganda techniques. However, little attention has been given to the robustness of these approaches, which is especially important in the case of deliberate misinformation, whose authors would likely attempt to deceive any automatic filtering algorithm to achieve their goals.  The goal of the ERINIA project is to explore the robustness of text classifiers in this application area by investigating methods for detecting adversarial examples. Such methods aim to perform small perturbations to a given text piece, so that its meaning is preserved, but the output of the investigated classifier is reversed. To that end, previously unexplored directions will be pursued, including training reinforcement learning solutions and leveraging research on simplification and style transfer. Finally, the developed tools will be used to check the robustness of the current state-of-the-art misinformation detection solutions.  The project includes a range of training activities for the researcher and a plan for dissemination of the obtained results to various research communities. It also takes into account the society at large, as the project outcomes can inform further discussion on whether automatic content filtering is a viable solution to the misinformation problem.

Mots clés : misinformation, adversarial examples, model robustness, adversarial examples, text classification, fake news, reinforcement learning, text simplification, style tranfer

Participants :
- Université Pompeu Fabra (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165312.96 €
Projet MACROML (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Data lies at the heart of all economic decisions. Everyone — and especially central bankers, investors, and policymakers — processes data when making choices. Thanks to technological innovations, the speed at which (raw) data are generated and shared by businesses, public administrations, and scientific research (among others) have increased exponentially. Large amounts of data bring new opportunities and challenges to econometrics. The literature on microeconometric methods based on statistical learning techniques has grown substantially over the last decade, yet macroeconometrics literature lacks an understanding of such methods which could be applied to answer causal inference questions. The primary goal of the macroml research project is to put forward theory-driven methods for dynamic causal inference analysis based on models typically used in the macroeconometrics literature, bridging the gap between machine learning and macroeconometric modelling. The key distinction of this project from the state-of-the-art methods is the analysis of heavy-tailed and highly persistent time series data — a critical feature that has been largely overlooked in the literature. In particular, the research project will investigate: I. accurate and theoretically-valid estimation and inference econometric techniques for general high-dimensional time series models; II. a general methodology for high-dimensional local projection estimators which allows studying the dynamic causal relationship between economic time series data. The project will enlarge policymakers’ toolbox for the analysis of macroeconomics and finance data to assess different dynamic causal hypotheses in a flexible and accurate way, thereby making it highly policy-relevant. In addition, new estimation methods of machine learning time series models will allow practitioners to implement ML techniques for time series data in a data-driven way. The project also will deliver several interesting empirical applications.

Mots clés : machine learning, bootstrap methods, local projections, time series

Participants :
- École de commerce de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
- Université Pompeu Fabra (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet NANO-MAC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In this project, we propose to develop innovative macrophage-mimicking nanocarriers (MMCs) with fusogenic properties (FMMCs) for the targeted delivery of dexamethasone to inflammation sites, particularly for treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). These nanocarriers, designed to mimic the natural targeting abilities of macrophages, aim to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic side effects. To achieve this, we will first synthesize and optimize MMCs, incorporating fusogenic properties to improve cellular uptake and drug delivery efficiency. These will then be evaluated for biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and their ability to modulate immune responses. Finally, we will test the (F)MMCs in a sophisticated in vitro model mimicking the gut-immune interface to assess their performance in a disease-relevant environment. The successful execution of this project will not only advance the field of nanomedicine but will also contribute to a better understanding of nanoparticle-cell interactions and their potential in immunomodulation, paving the way for more effective and safer therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases. Overall, this project will allow me to independently lead a 2-year research initiative, advancing my expertise in the field of nanomedicine and drug delivery systems, and positioning me as a mature and independent researcher capable of contributing to the development of innovative therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Mots clés : macrophage mimicking nanocarriers fusogenic targeted delivery inflammation

Participants :
- Université de Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 194074.56 €
Projet MONUFEAST (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Changes in the sociopolitical complexity of past societies are generally associated with shifts in subsistence strategies. However, the causal mechanisms are generally inferred rather than being directly measured. As a result, scholars of pre-Hispanic New World societies often disagree in the importance of top-down (hierarchical) versus bottom-up (heterarchical) processes driving such pivotal transitions. MONUFEAST will evaluate these posited and alternate scenarios in the Monumental Mound Region of the Llanos de Moxos of the Bolivian Amazon. Monumentality is generally considered an important indicator of high degrees of sociopolitical complexity, however archaeological research of such structures--particularly in lowland tropical settings--is difficult, logistically complex, costly, and time-intensive. MONUFEAST will focus on the largest such monumental mound in the Llanos de Moxos (Loma Cotoca), employing a novel combination of soil coring and 3D cross-hole electric resistivity tomography (ERT). Soil cores will be used to obtain both paleoethnobotanical data relating to paleoenvironment and subsistence, and edaphological data to determine the internal stratigraphy at cored locations. Each hole generated by the coring process will then be used to perform 3D cross-hole ERT (a first in archaeology) to extrapolate the soil layers to areas that were not cored. Since different theories of political development imply different sequences of events regarding the start of monumentality and transitions in subsistence strategy--and different material abundances of cooking wares and cultigen microfossils--a chronology of mound construction and subsistence can be used to falsify competing theories. The results will have significant impact to the descendent communities of the Llanos de Moxos whose identity strongly centers on indigenous histories. Moreover, the project will benefit the applicant in developing a macroregional, continental-scale perspective on social evolution.

Mots clés : subsitence remote sensing prospection geophysics paleoethnobotany phytoliths

Participants :
- Université autonome de Barcelone (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 194074.56 €
Projet BuiLDT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Building Land Degrowth Transitions (BuiLDT) research project is a critical analysis of the role of agrarian movements in the creation of forms of livelihood and work that do not contribute to dominant capitalist relations of production, exchange, and consumption. Through an inquiry into the material and ideological aspects of social movements' relations with the land, this research elaborates the potential of movement social relations and economies to ameliorate some of the most pressing challenges of modernity, namely the ongoing exploitation of workers as well as non-human life for industrial food production and extraction of natural resources. BuiLDT integrates ethnographic methods in Indonesia with a comparative analysis of movement organizations in California, Amazonia, and Catalonia, focusing on places of political mobilization that have gone beyond resistance and conflict to establish spaces of alternative production and exchange with strong resonance with theorized post growth and degrowth trajectories of development. Specifically, this research asks how social movements can contribute to building degrowth transitions in the countryside through reworking the forms of access, control, and productive capacities of the land. Drawing on theories from degrowth and social movement studies, BuiLDT uses ethnography and spatial history methods to understand how movements create points of leverage that enable change, and how these movements are then able to establish low-carbon and non-capitalist economies. Supervision by Professor Giorgos Kallis and affiliation with the Institute for Environmental Science and Technology at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (ICTA-UAB) will provide me with leading training and career development in ecological economics, political economy/ecology, and degrowth research. In turn, I will bring expertise in agrarian change, social movements, and ethnographic approaches to ICTA and the European research community.

Mots clés : degrowth, agrarian change, social movements, political transformation, alternative economies

Participants :
- Université autonome de Barcelone (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 209914.56 €
Projet CHORDUP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Inside the nucleus of each eukaryotic cell, DNA is intricately packed into a three-dimensional (3D) structure essential for gene regulation. However, its role in genome evolution, particularly in gene function innovation, remains largely unexplored. Gene duplication is the primary evolutionary path to gene function innovation. This project aims to investigate the interplay between gene duplication evolution and 3D genome structure in chordate genomes by comparing zebrafish to amphioxus, a non-vertebrate marine chordate that diverged from the rest of chordates about 500 million years ago. By generating, for the first time, 3D genome structure maps for several amphioxus organs, I will construct an atlas of gene duplications in zebrafish and amphioxus, encompassing sequence, synteny, gene expression, and 3D genome structure information. Leveraging the information encompassed in this atlas, I will investigate the intricate dynamics between the origin and evolutionary fate of chordate duplicated genes, emerged either by whole-genome or small-scale duplication, and the 3D genome structure around them. By combining my expertise in evolution of gene duplications and amphioxus genomics, with my host group’s experience in 3D genomic architecture and its evolution, we will be able to provide deep insight into the spatial mechanisms of gene innovation through duplication. Studying the effect of 3D genome structure across amphioxus and zebrafish organs in the context of gene duplications, will position me at the forefront of this emerging field within the comparative genomics community. Altogether, the results obtained will enhance our understanding of the evolution of new gene functions, and open new avenues for structural and evolutionary genomics.

Mots clés : 3d genome structure, hi c, gene duplication, genetic innovation, evolution, chordates, amphioxus, zebrafish, whole genome duplication, small scale duplication, gene expression, synteny, gene function

Participants :
- Université autonome de Barcelone (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 209914.56 €
Projet REFUTURE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The proposed project will undertake an historical analysis of the development, role and impact of the Washington DC based think tank Resources For the Future (RFF) - from its founding in 1952 to the late 1990s. REFUTURE investigates RFF’s role in constructing an economic vision of the environment around the concepts of scarcity, value, and externalities; and the subsequent application of that vision through US and international policies focused on managing the environment in relation to economic efficiency. By focusing on this history of economic thought in environmental practice, REFUTURE raises larger political economic questions regarding the contribution of RFF to i) the global ‘great acceleration’ of the Anthropocene in terms of material throughput and pollution concomitant with an emphasis on economic growth from the middle of the twentieth century; ii) what I call here the ‘great deceleration’ of effective environmental and climate policy from the early 1980s on – due to the overwhelming political focus on maintaining economic growth by governing nature and managing environmental impacts through the price mechanism. Drawing from the methodologies of intellectual history, economic sociology and historical political economy, I will undertake research at a number of key libraries and archives in the US and will significantly benefit from outbound placements and training at the Center for the History of Political Economy (HOPE) at Duke University and the Institute at Brown for Environment and Society (IBES) at Brown University. Overall research direction will greatly benefit from a placement at the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA) at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona – a key European centre for research and critical analysis into the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. As an affiliated researcher here I will bring key insights from historical analysis of the applied economics of the environment.

Mots clés : historical political economy political economy of the environment history of economic thought anthropocene neoliberal governance history of economic growth history of environmental policy

Participants :
- Université du Michigan (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Duke (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université autonome de Barcelone (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 216699.6 €