Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CP-FTmmW Aminogen (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To elucidate our understanding of amine chemistry in the interstellar medium (ISM), we propose a two-year project to study the physical and chemical properties of CH3NH and CH2NH2, the two simplest substituted aminogen radicals, using the state-of-the-art chirped pulse Fourier transform (sub)millimeter rotational spectroscopy. Amines are important N-bearing molecules in the ISM and planetary atmospheres, as well as a trace molecule released to the Earth's atmosphere via various human activities. The simplest prime amine, CH3NH2, is proposed to be the precursors of interstellar glycine, the simplest amino acid. The physical and chemical properties of CH3NH and CH2NH2, however, are far from well understood. CH3NH and CH2NH2 are the intermediate products formed during the H-abstraction of CH3NH2 by UV photolysis or oxidation, which are important processes both in the ISM and in the Earth's atmosphere. These two radicals, however, are not directly observed in the H-abstraction process, neither have they been discovered in the ISM. Direct measurement of these radicals via rotational spectroscopy will provide us with detailed information about their molecular structure and chemical properties, which can be further used to search for their existence in the ISM, to study the reaction dynamics of H-abstraction of CH3NH2, and to determining their molecular structure and internal motions. The results will improve our understanding of the role of CH3NH2 in the chemistry of N-bearing molecules in the ISM and in planetary atmospheres. In this proposal, we will elaborate the approach and the implementation of the objective of the direct measurement of CH3NH and CH2NH2. Support information about the researcher, the supervisor, and the host institution is also provided.

Mots clés : rotational spectroscopy, sub millimeter, chirped pulse, interstellar molecules

Participants :
- Université de Lille (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196707.84 €
Projet LOVETandemSolar (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To ensure that Europe reaches its 2030 Climate & Energy targets, including 27% renewable energy capacity on the grid, society must accelerate the deployment of photovoltaics (PV). Thus, developing new solar energy harvesting solutions with enhanced performance is essential. Silicon (Si) devices currently dominate 90% of the PV market share and have a standard operational efficiency (η) of 20-25%. To boost this performance, researchers are fabricating multijunction solar cells, i.e. introducing a tuneable-bandgap perovskite PV material on top of the Si. By creating this dual junction device, the practical η jumps to 30-35%, dramatically reducing the cost/Watt of the existing commercialized technologies. Yet, little is known about how the electrical and optical properties of the perovskite and Si layers influence one another or whether the present microscale pyramidal patterning of Si needs to be re-optimised for multijunction architectures. The main objective in this project is to probe the optoelectronic interactions of next-generation PV devices to capture the intricate optical interplay between the perovskite and Si. By leveraging the Researcher’s expertise in implementing/conducting functional microscopy experiments, the Host will learn cutting-edge techniques based on scanning probe and optical microscopes. Meanwhile, working with Dr. Sam Stranks at the University of Cambridge offers an unparalleled opportunity for the Researcher to acquire knowledge about novel optical spectroscopy imaging methods as well as perovskite device synthesis. Researching at Cambridge will also encourage international collaborations with world-renowned scientists. The transfer of knowledge between the Researcher and Host will lead to optimised perovskite/Si tandem solar cells with η exceeding the current state-of-the-art PV devices. Such results will undoubtedly promote further solar energy adoption, helping Europe uphold a competitive, secure, and sustainable electrical grid.

Mots clés : solar cells, perovskites, microscopy, photovoltaics, functional imaging, big data

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet SKRDC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To open up new lines of inquiry for the writing of architecture history currently caught up in ‘static’ chronological periods, geographic preferences, heroic figures, aesthetic styles, and fixed gender categories, it is necessary to introduce an entirely new analytical research methodology to the field of architecture. This project investigates the possibilities of such alternative approach by organizing history around complex cross-cultural exchanges, or “contact zones”, between different architecture cultures. To elucidate the potentials of such social spaces ‘where different cultures meet and inform each other’, I focus on an unprecedented example in architecture culture where “East” and “West” meet: The Shinkenchiku Residential Design Competition (SKRDC). SKRDC is an international housing idea competition organized by the Japanese architecture magazine Shinkenchiku since 1965. Through not only studying the competition briefs of the past 52 years, the characteristics of the winning entries and multiple honourable mentions and the judges’ final remarks, but also the difference in nuance between the Japanese and English debates resulting from the actual design proposals as well as the wider ‘aftereffects’ disseminating into both Japanese as well as English literature, I trace the reciprocal transfer of architectural knowledge and how that affected larger local and international architectural debates. While the SKRDC here serves as a qualitative case study to develop and test my analytical research method, the larger aim of this study is to construct a new historical narrative. By applying the analytical model to different architectural contact zones around the globe, I foresee to contribute to the rewriting of the history of modern architecture into a more inclusive and unbiased “cross history”, which is non-static and interdisciplinary in character and includes hitherto underrepresented aspects such gender dimensions.

Mots clés : architecture history, transculturation, non western contexts, multi directional exchanges of architecture knowledge, residential ideas competition, histoire croisee, contact zone, japan

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 177598.8 €
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet IMM-GNRs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To promote the Safe and Healthy use of ‘Future and Emerging Technologies’ such as innovative carbon-based nanomaterials, the study of their interactions with blood immune cells is of fundamental importance for any translational medicine application, in particular, those requiring intravenous injection. Taking Graphene Nanoribbons (GNRs) as model, IMM-GNRs will overcome the limits of conventional nano-immunotoxicology to achieve a comprehensive picture of their immune activity in relation to their structural properties (shape, edge structures, width, size…), enhancing the EU excellence in 2D materials research. IMM-GNRs Specific Objectives are: 1° To design and synthetize a wide variety of highly stable and water-soluble GNRs 2° To perform quantitative GNRs deep immune phenotyping on 17 diverse immune subpopulations, demonstrating the potential of a forefront approach coupling an array of high-throughput technologies 3° To correlate immune phenotype and physicochemical properties, investigating the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the observed immune-functions, in order to provide an outstanding paradigm shift in the nanomaterials engineering and classification proposing the novel “immunity-by-design” concept. IMM-GNRs multidisciplinary action will provide the fellow with new career perspectives and contribute to European excellence and competitiveness by: I. Developing expertise in cutting-edge technologies whose diffusion is still limited in Europe; the lack of EU experts make the Fellow’s experience (she will be the first worldwide to apply CyTOF technology to the nanoworld) an high added value to European Academia and Industrial sector; II. Setting long-term collaborations among leading groups of nanotechnology and cell biology; III. Gaining exposure to the industrial sector: GNRs as immunomodulators can give rich possibilities for new therapeutic approaches in particular in the field of immunotherapy.

Mots clés : graphene, 2d materials, graphene nanoribbons, carbon nanomaterials, nanotoxicology

Participants :
- TU Dresden (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 128595.6 €
Projet BoostR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To resist pathogen colonisation, plants have evolved a number of complex defense mechanisms that are activated upon recognition of pathogen-secreted molecules. These include cell surface or intracellular immune receptors, through either direct or indirect binding. Nucleotide-binding leucine rich repeat proteins (NB-LRRs or NLR) make up the largest family of intracellular immune receptors. Some of these NLR proteins were shown to function in pairs, with “sensors” mediating pathogen recognition and “helpers” eliciting a resistance response. Preliminary data revealed that many Solanaceae NLR sensors are dependent on three NRC (NLR proteins required for HR associated cell death) helper proteins (NRC2, NRC3, NRC4) in a complex and redundant signalling network. These NLR sensors, and their homologs, confer resistance to a diverse number of Solanaceae pathogens, including bacteria, oomycete, viruses, nematodes and insects. This suggests that NLR helper proteins play a major role in mediating disease resistance against a range of plant pathogens that infect the Solanaceae family. My objective is to use this information to engineer synthetic NRC helper proteins with enhanced sensor specificities. This will potentially result in resistance effective against multiple pathogen species currently affecting Solanaceae crops. To achieve my objective, I will undertake functional analyses of helper-sensor pairs, and study their interaction with known pathogen effectors to generate both chimeric and mutant NRC proteins with novel properties. I will then assess these candidate NRC proteins for enhanced disease resistance using a variety of genetic complementation assays. At the completion of this project I will deliver synthetic NRC helper proteins that confer expanded disease resistance in Solanaceae crops.

Mots clés : nlr proteins, resistance genes, effector triggered immunity, defence genes, sustainable crops, durable resistance, immune receptors

Participants :
- Sainsbury Laboratory (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet THSExposure (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease worldwide. Compared with the rest of the world, the WHO European region has one of the highest proportions of deaths attributable to tobacco. Although most of EU countries have introduced smoking bans in public places, domestic environments are still an important source of passive smoking exposure. Environmental tobacco smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals many of which are toxic and carcinogenic and is estimated to be the cause of about 1.0% of worldwide mortality. In addition to passive inhalation, non-smokers, especially children, are also at risk through contact with surfaces and dust contaminated with residual smoke gases and particles, the so-called thirdhand tobacco smoke (THS). Despite the emerging evidence on THS harms, the specific role of THS in tobacco-related illnesses has been questioned so far by the public health community because of the poor level of characterisation of THS constituents and mechanisms of formation, as well as the lack of studies focused on human exposure. The aim of this proposal is to fill some of the important gaps on our current understanding of the chemistry, toxicology and exposure of THS, including an accurate characterisation of THS composition and the development and validation of specific human urine biomarkers of this exposure. The developed tools will be used for the monitoring of matching samples of THS from smoking and non-smoking houses and human urine from their households in order to find correlations between tobacco exposure and urine biomarkers. The final objective of the proposal is the public diffusion of the results obtained in this study as evidences of THS harms to influence in present and future health educational programs, especially addressed to smoking parents, and in present and future European health policies.

Mots clés : thirdhand tobacco smoke, tobacco passive exposure biomarkers, gc ms based metabolomics, lc ms based metabolomics, urine profiling, risk assessment

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet RECOBIN-PROTACs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Today's challenge for modern medicine is the development of tools that can selectively target cancer cells over healthy cells. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer of the myeloid cells causing bone marrow failure. Drug development research uses small molecules to inhibit the activity of proteins promoting cell proliferation. The higher concentrations of drug required for efficient inhibition often lead to off-target effects. Recent years, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) technique receives much attention for therapeutic intervention by degradation of disease-causing proteins. However, the requirements of PROTACs such as high affinity and specificity ligands, poor stability, cell permeability, lack of cell specificity limit the broader utility of this technique. Here, we propose a novel rational design and synthesis of reversible covalently binding PROTACs (RECOBIN-PROTACs) based on the proximity labeling. A RECOBIN-PROTAC molecule consists of target protein ligand, E3 ligase ligand and a chemoselective functional group connected through flexible linkers. The chemoselective functional group forms reversible covalent modification with proximal Lys residue of BET protein or E3 ligase. This proximity labeling enhances the binding affinity of the ligands to the targets, stabilizing protein-protein interactions in ternary complex formation. The library of RT53 based RECOBIN-PROTACs will be tested on AML cell lines to find most efficient degraders. Also, the chemoselective group masked by self-immolative linker connects with enzyme-labile group and cysteine reactive handle. The most efficient RT53 based RECOBIN-PROTACs will be conjugated site-selectively to cysteine antibody to generate stable RECOBIN-PROTAC-Antibody Conjugates. These conjugates selectively release the active RECOBIN-PROTAC inside the target cells upon protease cleavage. The features of RECOBIN-PROTACs technology will bring new modalities in therapies and drug discovery.

Mots clés : acute myeloid leukaemia, targeted protein degradation, protacs, recobin protacs, proximity labeling, reversible covalently binding, drug discovery, cancer therapy, cysteine bioconjugation

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet CoEvolFramework (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Today's challenges are marked by more frequent and wide-spread episodes of social, economic, political and environmental crisis. Co-evolutionary systems offer a natural perspective and powerful tools to help us understand conditions that affect populations of agents whose behavior changes in response to their interaction outcomes in situations of strategic decision-making. Studying these complex co-evolutionary systems remains an open challenge as rich structures in the models are not taken into account. The overarching aim of this project is to fill this major research gap with a unified, principled framework to analyze complex co-evolutionary systems. At the core of our approach is the graph representation of interacting agent behaviors where problem structures are fully captured by complete orientations in the graph and associated co-evolutionary dynamics by sampling processes on the graph. This project combines complementary expertise of the Experienced Researcher (Dr. Chong) in large co-evolutionary systems and the Supervisor (Professor Tino, University of Birmingham) in complex, adaptive and dynamical systems. Its vision is that the framework provides foundation for new modelling tools benefiting policy-makers, regulators, and academics through better understanding and predictive quality of real-world strategic decision-making systems.

Mots clés : evolutionary computation, co evolution, complex and adaptive systems

Participants :
- University of Birmingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet ENviSION-EO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Today, particularly so in the face of climate change and the need to meet global food and water security requirements, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of natural processes in the Earth System and of land surface interactions (LSIs). The recent rapid developments in Earth Observation (EO) technology (new satellites launched, drones) demonstrate the real need and the true potential of this technology in this direction. In this context, ENviSION-EO proposes the implementation of cutting-edge modelling interventions to the SimSphere Land Biosphere Model (LSM) towards developing a 2D LSM tool that will allow deriving for the first time spatio-temporal estimates of key parameters characterising LSIs. Furthermore, the action aims to unravel the potential of an EO-based modelling technique, so-called "triangle", in deriving estimates of key parameters characterising LSIs from EO data acquired from ESA's (Sentinel-3) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Another aspect of ENviSION-EO lies in elucidating the potential of the "triangle" technique in downscaling existing global operational products of SSM provided today at a meso-scale-resolution using Sentinels-3 data. ENviSION-EO proposes to undertake ground-breaking research that will lead to the development of innovative modelling methodologies, LBM tools and EO-derived products. It is anticipated that these will greatly increase our capability to model LSIs at multiple, previously unattained, observation scales, and provide important information for both new research and practical applications. Furthermore, the multifaceted and novel developments of ENviSION-EO together with the capacity and track record of the host organisation and the supervisor in training researchers at the MSCA level ensure a holistic development of the applicant to a scientist with a unique set of skills and expertise in EO Modelling of LSI's globally. Dr. George P. Petropoulos is the applicant fellow.

Mots clés : earth observation, remote sensing, land surface interactions, triangle  method, simsphere, svat

Participants :
- Technical University of Crete (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 164653.2 €
Projet PaDS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Today’s sonic displays play a significant role in threatening the quality of our everyday lives, personal and professional. Consequently, the interest to design sound is shifting from crafting the sound towards collaboratively understanding the role of sound and its position in complex environments, such as healthcare and autonomous driving, in which humans and technology must co-exist. Accordingly, the design process requires more inclusive, human-centered and technology-driven approaches to design sonic experiences. Yet the field of industrial design lacks systematic design methods and tools to empower design teams when they collaboratively express creativity through sound and discover sound-driven engineering solutions. Thus, with the PaDS (Participatory Designing with Sound) project, I aim at advancing the knowledge on sound-driven design thinking in which sonic communication (speaking about sound and experiences, imagining and representing them) is especially required within multistakeholder design teams that consist of expert (sound) designers as well as non-experts (e.g., users, manufacturers, policy makers). The main goal of PaDS is opening sound design practices to participatory approaches, in which stakeholders are involved in the design process as partners. The core of this project is the development of methods and representational tools to empower designers and other stakeholders to collaboratively conceptualise, express, and communicate sound-driven designs. To reach its goal, the PaDS project is based on a mixture of interdisciplinary approaches, including sonic interaction design, design cognition studies, and experimental psychology: Applied research and contextual inquiry of sound issues in complex, socio-technological environments provide relevant case studies of collaborative sound design-thinking, that is investigated through protocol analysis and perceptual experiments.

Mots clés : sound design, interaction design, design cognition, multimodal, multisensory, perception, soundscape, complex sonic environments, auditory display

Participants :
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175572.48 €