Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet DEVINAC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My long-term goal is to advance our understanding of the development and maturation of cortical neuronal microcircuits. My PhD focused on the role of adult brain plasticity in psychiatric diseases. I will now perform postdoctoral studies in the laboratory of Prof. Christine Petit, where a population of GABAergic interneuron precursors co-expressing two cadherin-related proteins, cdhr15 and cdhr23, from their birth in the medial ganglionic eminence to their final destination in the auditory cortex, was recently identified. Cdhr15 and cdhr23 and eight other proteins have been implicated in mechanoelectrical transduction in auditory sensory cells. In the brain, defects of cdhr15 or cdhr23 result in a deficit of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the auditory cortex only, and susceptibility to audiogenic seizures. Heterozygous Cdhr15+/- or Cdhr23+/- mice have smaller numbers of parvalbumin interneurons, but with considerable interindividual variability. The work proposed here aims to provide insight into the mechanisms involved in the development of this newly identified population of interneurons and their integration into the cortical microcircuits of the auditory cortex. I will address the following three questions: 1) Which other mechanoelectrical transduction proteins of sensory cells are involved in the development of interneurons in the brain? 2) What roles do cdhr15 and cdhr23 play in the migration of interneurons and their integration into the auditory cortex? and 3) Is the monoallelic expression of Cdhr15 and Cdhr23 responsible for the interindividual variability in Cdhr15+/- and Cdhr23+/- mice? This project will shed light on the extent to which people suffering from hereditary forms of deafness also suffer from cortical deficiencies, providing a scientific basis for improving auditory rehabilitation in patients.

Mots clés : parvalbumin interneurons, cadherin related proteins, neuronal migration, deafness, usher syndrome

Participants :
- Institut Pasteur (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet GLASNOST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My project aims to assess the impact of human enhancement technologies used at work onto employees and their performance. Indeed, the use of human enhancement technologies in organisations can shape the fu-ture of work, i.e. how one performs at work, how one feels at work, how one relates to others and managers. It has implications in terms of employee well-being and health. My project will promote the consideration of ethical issues in the implementation of technologies used to enhance the performance of individual employ-ees in organizations. It will first look at how organisations and stakeholders consider ethics in the way they implement the use of enhancement technologies, and then it will consider the role of ethics in shaping em-ployee acceptance and experience of the technology. Based on these elements, I will design together with stakeholders guidelines for the implementation of human enhancement in the workplace and a policy brief. The nature of this project is grounded in Ethics and Information Systems Management (IS), while being poli-cy-driven. Mixing these skills will provide an innovative look on theories of acceptance in IS, a field that traditionally understands ethics as ‘privacy’. Holding a PhD in IS and a master’s degree in Political Sciences, I have expertise in investigating organisations, policy, as well as users’ perception of technology. However, I need to get training in Ethics in order to integrate the forms of ethical assessment and dimensions of ethics to the IS theory. I will complete this research while hosted at the Philosophy Department of the University of Twente (UT) and supervised by Prof. Philip Brey, which will allow me to grow expertise in applied ethics and ethics of technology, and through a 6 month secondment in Dublin City University (DCU) with an IS professor – Regina Connolly.

Mots clés : information systems, wearables, technology acceptance, q methodology, business ethics, applied ethics

Participants :
- University of Twente (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet PHYSIOGNOMONICA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

My project aims to uncover the hitherto unrecognised centrality of physiognomics within early modern philosophy. Physiognomics is the theory, stemming from Aristotle and other ancient sources, that body and soul are connected in such a way that it is possible to gain access to the soul by learning to read bodily signs. Building on fresh interest in medieval physiognomy, the project focuses on the richest yet least-studied period for the development of the discipline: from the late 15th century, when physiognomic texts started to circulate in print, to the early 17th century, when Cartesian dualism reconceived the body-mind relationship. I will define the corpus of philosophical physiognomic literature, with special attention to Venice and Paris, two fulcrums of the revival, where the majority of my archival research will take place. The project’s objectives reflect the intrinsic interdisciplinarity of physiognomics in the period, investigating its practitioners’ approaches to: 1) the interrelation between science and magic; 2) the differentiation between humans and animals; and 3) the conceptual distinction between mind and body. Topical issues of gender and race in physiognomic theories will be addressed. The outputs will include a monograph, an edition of a primary text, and an online, open-access anthology of sources. This ambitious dissemination plan is enabled by Ca’ Foscari’s programme Marie Curie+1, together with my advanced research skills and publication record. At Ca’ Foscari and during my secondment at the Centre Koyré in Paris I will expand my areas of competence, especially in the history of science and in iconography. I will improve my French, a crucial language for my field. I will develop my palaeographical skills to produce a critical edition that will help to restore physiognomics to the intellectual map of early modernity. The project will thus greatly enhance the independence I need to secure my main career goal, a permanent academic post.

Mots clés : early modern philosophy, physiognomics, science and magic, human animal differentiation, mind body relation, aristotle

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet LISHCCAD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

My project, ‘The Living Image of Sherlock Holmes: The Cult of Celebrity in the Age of Disenchantment,’ aims to recast our understanding of nineteenth-century ideas and practices of celebrity, expertise and truth as well as the drive toward what U.S. historian James Cook calls ‘disenchantment’ in the realms of both science and magic alike (Arts of Deception 180). Anchored in William Gillette’s immensely successful 1899 production and performance of Sherlock Holmes, my project situates the late Victorian cult of celebrity in relation to competing models of inquiry and the wide array of edifying entertainments. Gillette’s Holmes – his twice over, as he both penned the adaptation and performed the role – was a staggering cultural phenomenon, played for decades across the globe. As a result, the performer/character offers a unique and critical means by which to understand these pivotal issues in the period. It is a timely project which will have a major impact on the fields of celebrity studies, theatre history, Victorian studies and the history of science, for it not only rethinks the most pressing concerns of the Victorian period but also illuminates our own. Because so many of the late nineteenth-century anxieties – the increasing importance of celebrity, the pace of technological development and the status of experts and the role of expertise, to name just a few – remain our anxieties, a thorough interrogation of their world enables us to better understand ours. Keywords: theatricality, celebrity, detection, Sherlock Holmes, William Gillette, entertainment, science, nineteenth century, Victorian, melodrama

Mots clés : theatre history, celebrity studies, sherlock holmes, performance, magic, detectives

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet InProV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

My research project aims to provide an inventory of the prosimetra written in volgar tongue (InProV) from the origins of Italian literature to the end of the fifteenth century (1250-1500). There exists an abundance of critical bibliography on specific major works written in prosimetrum, from Dante’s Vita Nova to Sannazaro’s Arcadia. However, this peculiar form consisting of prose and metre, which has customarily received cursory treatment in the history of Italian literature, appears only recently to have attracted scholarly attention (cf. Il prosimetro nella letteratura italiana, eds Comboni and Di Ricco, Trento 2000). Yet a thorough investigation resulting in a detailed inventory of the extant texts has not hitherto been attempted. In keeping with other works recently published (such as the Atlante dei canzonieri in volgare del Quattrocento, eds Comboni and Zanato, Florence 2017), the inventory will provide a useful instrument to gain a deeper understanding of the employment of the prosimetrum in the early Italian literary tradition when its use represented a third alternative to the literature either in verse or in prose before evolving into an imitative expedient or a literary exercise. The prosimetra included in the inventory will be examined according to specific criteria concerning textual tradition, typology (lyric, pastoral, philosophical, etc.), metre and subject-matter. The inventory will be published as a hard-copy and on-line, thus enabling researchers in different disciplines (Italian literature, comparative studies, philology, linguistics) to have easy access to extensive information on the prosimetra. Further, it will be possible to update the on-line version in accordance with potential new research findings in this field. The fellowship will give me the opportunity to bolster my academic career and to acquire new competencies in the analysis of early literary texts under the supervision of high-profile scholars in Renaissance studies.

Mots clés : prosimetrum, dante, sannazaro, vulgar tongue, inventory

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251002.56 €
- University of Notre Dame (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MYCOBIOME (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mycoparasites cause significant crop losses in the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus, but as fungal pathogens of cultivated fungi pose major challenges for disease control. The casing layer used to cover mushroom compost supports a diverse community of microorganisms with potential to act as host-specific biocontrol agents capable of inhibiting the germination or growth of mycoparasitic fungi, while even promoting mushroom development. In this project we propose to apply novel and state-of-the-art techniques to characterize the casing microbiome along the crop cycle and identify potential biocontrol agents to control bubble diseases by amending casing with a stable synthetic microbial ecosystem. High-throughput community analysis, developed by the host group and used for the characterization of the plant microbiome, will be implemented to analyse the complete community structure of a suppressive casing material. Target materials will be selected through pilot trials conducted within the Partner Organization (PO) facilities. Potential antagonistic bacteria will be valuated to detect and isolate biocontrol agents through isotopic labeling of fungi (a new protocol for labeling spores and hyphae will be developed) and Raman-confocal microspectroscopy. Potential biocontrol agents will be finally tested in a pilot trial. The project builds a consortium formed by two European institutions, including certain departments from the academic host institution (University of Oxford, UK) and one non-academic PO (ASOCHAMP RIOJA, Spain), a research centre with extensive experience analysing casing materials and mycoparasites. It has been designed to augment and complement the research and transferable skills sets of the Marie Curie fellow and will greatly enhance his career prospects accordingly. Through the training and the research results arising, the Fellowship will be beneficial to the fellow, the host institution, the PO, the mushroom industry and the European society.

Mots clés : mushroom cultivation, microbiome, isotopic labelling, raman confocal microscopy

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet R-FunSel (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the leading cause of heart failure, which represents a major medical, social and economic burden worldwide. There is a desperate need for new therapies for these conditions. Here we propose a new approach for the in vivo, unbiased and systematic identification of receptors involved in MI, which might become targets for innovative therapeutics. The method we developed, named Reverse Functional Selection (R-FunSel) takes advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology and is based on the intracardiac screening of a library of single-guide (sg) RNAs in Cas9 transgenic mice upon gene delivery using the highly cardiotropic adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9). First, we will construct an arrayed library of sgRNAs, individually cloned into AAV9 vectors, driving CRISPR/Cas9 towards each of the receptor genes expressed by cardiomyocytes. Second, we will package pools of this library and transduce the mouse heart, at a multiplicity by which each vector enters a different cell. Then, MI will be applied as a selective stimulus and, after a few weeks, vector inserts will be recovered from the viable tissue and their frequency measured by Next Generation Sequencing. R-FunSel is based on Darwinian selection of cardiomyocyte survival, thus sgRNAs that will be lost are likely to target cardioprotective genes while those that are enriched code for detrimental factors. The choice to develop R-FunSel for the systematic screening of cardiomyocyte receptors will allow identification of novel druggable targets for the development of therapeutics, either in the form of molecules activating the protective receptors or inhibiting them or their ligands. R-FunSel is based on solid technologies that support the feasibility and power of the in vivo screening approach. Compared to biochemical or phenotypic studies, screening in vivo directly for function is a novel strategy to move basic research into translational medicine at a quick pace.

Mots clés : crispr, cas9 adeno associated viral vectors  aav  screening functional selection heart failure

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet RegulatioNFkB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

NF-kB is a family of transcription factors that regulate expression of genes that are involved in various cellular processes such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. The NF-kB pathway is implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer and cancer cell drug resistance. Unfortunately, global NF-kB inhibition is harmful to the immune system; therefore, inhibition of a subset of NF-kB target genes that are linked to malignant transformation would be more appropriate. Different NF-kB target genes display distinct transcription activation kinetics, indicating that the molecular mechanisms driving expression of NF-kB target genes are strikingly diverse. Thus, it is highly interesting to study the factors that are involved in transcriptional activation of individual NF-kB responsive genes, both from a fundamental and clinical perspective. Here, we will develop two innovative strategies based on CRISPR/Cas9 based genome targeting combined with mass spectrometry-based technology to isolate single NF-kB target gene promoters upon NF-kB pathway activation and identify their constituents. We will also apply a complementary approach, ATAC-sequencing, to identify transcription factors that are involved in activation of NF-kB responsive genes. Moreover, we will study the underlying mechanisms and characterize the function of proteins that interact with NF-kB responsive promoters. Finally, the described mechanisms discovered in cancer cell lines will be verified and validated in small intestinal organoids, a non-transformed cell model for homeostasis in the intestinal epithelium. This ambitious and multidisciplinary project will greatly benefit from my expert knowledge regarding the NF-kB pathway combined with the expertise of the host laboratory in mass spectrometry and genomics. The project is expected to have a major impact in the research area of gene expression regulation in general and molecular cancer research focusing on the NF-kB pathway in particular.

Mots clés : nf kb, tnf alpha, crispr, cas9

Participants :
- Radboud University Nijmegen (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet NOVA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

NOVA is an innovative multi- and inter-disciplinary Fellowship hosted by the University of Birmingham in the UK with the main aim to develop antimicrobial graphene oxide (GO)-lanthanide glasses (Ln)-hydroxyapatite (HA) composites for bone repair. Large bone defects and infections represent a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Infections may be life-threatening or, commonly, associated with long-term disability and pose a serious and increasing threat to public health, especially when antimicrobial resistance is becoming a serious problem. It is therefore highly desirable to develop novel multi-functional systems that can exhibit antimicrobial properties for bone repair. Lanthanide glasses (Ln) and Graphene Oxide (GO) have shown very interesting properties, the first being used in sensing and imaging as well as enabling cell attachment and isomorphic replacements for calcium, the second being an antimicrobial. NOVA will develop a multifunctional composite system combining the useful properties of a lanthanide host glass with the antimicrobial activity of Graphene Oxide and the bioactivity of Hydroxyapatite (HA). The proposed research is a novel research direction, and there is no previously published research on what is proposed to be a new class of multi-functional composites.

Mots clés : lanthanide glasses, graphene oxide, hydroxyapatite, multifunctional biomaterials, composites, antimicrobial materials

Participants :
- University of Birmingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet NaTOS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

NaTOS: Nanoscale Thermo Optical Sensing is the concept of a new truly label free bio-sensor device capable of monitoring transient molecular interactions. The sensor utilizes plasmonic gold nanorods (NR) as both nanoscale heating source and optical near field sensor. Proteins and enzymes will be monitored as they change the intensity scattered by a single NR as they diffuse through the nanorod's nearfield. The simultaneous laser induced and thus tunable heating of the NR will induces a nanoscale temperature gradient that allows to probe the analytes with respect to their thermophoretic behavior. This analyte specific behavior provides specific thermophortic fingerprints which will be used to identify and distinguish between different proteins and in further extend also to monitor the interaction between different species of analytes. This novel type of sensor does not require fluorescent labels nor does it rely on tethering of specific receptors and the consequent binding of analytes to the NRs. In contrast to current state of the art techniques this truly label-free sensor does not suffer from binding induced life time restrictions and can obtain statistical significant datasets without the requirement, but with the possibility of multiplexing.

Mots clés : biosensor, label free, plasmonic nanoparticles, thermophoresis

Participants :
- Leiden University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €