Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CHROME (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Organic carbon is exported from terrestrial to freshwater ecosystems where, not only is it being degraded and eventually lost as carbon dioxide, but such degradation occurs faster than in soils or marine systems. Across freshwaters, variations in organic matter degradation and reactivity have been related to compositional changes in organic matter. The flux from terrestrial to aquatic systems seems to be increasing associated to anthropogenic perturbations. However, despite the relevance of these fluxes for the global C cycle, Earth System Models (ESMs) are just starting to consider them. In that sense, a particularly crucial region deserving urgent attention is the Arctic, as permafrost soils hold a massive C stock that is vulnerable to being mobilized towards freshwaters. Such transfer could turn that vulnerable C stock from a sink into a carbon dioxide source. Therefore, determining the reactivity of that organic matter flux and incorporating it in surface models is key at the moment. The foundation of CHROME is the idea that the chemical diversity of organic matter explains its reactivity and, as such, should be considered in biogeochemical models. CHROME represents the first attempt to incorporate organic matter chemical diversity to ESMs, and will do so by: i) developing and selecting functional chemical diversity indices as indicators of Arctic organic matter reactivity and ii) implementing that knowledge in a regional branch of an ESM. CHROME is based on the good match between the previous experience of the applicant and the excellence of the host institutions, leaders in the field of biogeochemical research in Arctic ecosystems (USGS, Boulder) and in global modelling (LSCE-CNRS, France). CHROME will constitute a key advance in C biogeochemical understanding and modelling, which will position the fellow at the forefront of geosciences research.

Mots clés : carbon cycling, limnology, land surface modelling, natural organic matter

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 275619.84 €
- Government of the United States of America (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CustomCOF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Organic chemistry, including polymer synthesis, has a great impact on society, since many consumer goods would not exist without these chemistries. Most often, organic synthesis is carried out in solution and, despite the fact that it is a proven powerful approach, new synthetic strategies are needed for the formation of the next generation of complex materials. One kind of functional materials that receive great attention nowadays are the so-called two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs). Basically, these are extremely thin films (one-molecule thick) that are often crystalline in two dimensions, and that contain nanopores. Potential applications of this type of materials range from superthin membranes to advanced electronics. This innovative project deals with the use of surfaces to template the formation of such sophisticated 2D-COFs. New synthetic approaches are explored, not only to generate the next generation of this type of materials with unique topologies and functionality, but also to conceive smaller versions of these 2D-COFs with a well-defined size. In this highly interdisciplinary project, we use atomically flat substrates that act as support for the formation of these new networks. These exciting novel 2D-COFs are not only of interest by themselves, but they also nanostructure and functionalize the surfaces they are adsorbed on. CustomCOF will provide an exceptional platform to acquire new knowledge through research and training, to reach scientific maturity, leadership and independent thinking, strengthening my team-working spirit, individual personal development training and my willingness to assume responsibilities and accept risks, which are always important assets to obtain high-quality results. It will offer networking opportunities and international collaborations. In brief, this MSCA grant will be a turning point in my career towards scientific excellence.

Mots clés : covalent organic frameworks, scanning probe microscopies, dynamic covalent chemistry, host guest systems, organic chemistry

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet OCTA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Organic molecules are everywhere, they are integral to life, from every living species to new technologies such as organic electronics. Organic molecules can be made with infinite variety and what happens when they are excited by light is just as varied and complex. Molecular shape and molecular interactions are important in their application but what happens to them once excited is just as critical and often defines the function of that molecular within a more complex system. One of very interesting phenomena in organic molecules is electron transfer (ET) to form stable Charge Transfer excited states (CT). We may observe CT states everywhere, from living tissue to organic solar cells or organic light emitting diodes. It is believed that birds use CT states to navigate. It is therefore crucial to understand the ET process and the CT state. CT states, bound electron and hole pairs, separated in space on different parts of a molecules or different molecules play an ever increasing role in organic optoelectronic devices be they OPV or OLED or in bioimaging. Our OCTA project will form a new EU-Japan-Taiwan-Brazil network of leading groups and will train a new generation of materials scientists for the development and application of Charge Transfer based materials who can apply their expertise directly in future applications.

Mots clés : charge transfer, tadf, photophysics, electrochemistry, synthesis

Participants :
- National Taiwan University (Taïwan) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Durham University (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 117000.0 €
- Silesian University of Technology (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 409500.0 €
- University of Auckland (Nouvelle-Zélande) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Russian Academy of Sciences (Russie) — Partner, organization partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Osaka University (Japon) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Lodz University of Technology (Pologne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 108000.0 €
- Technical University of Denmark (Danemark) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 76500.0 €
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 13500.0 €
- University of Glasgow (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 108000.0 €
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Brésil) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet WONDER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on fused ring electron acceptors (FREAs) attract significant attention recently and exhibit great potential to achieve high efficiency, due to the FREA’s merits of high absorption coefficients in visible region, easily tunable energy levels, relatively high electron mobility, and proper miscibility with donors for fine phase separation. Despite of the great advance in FREAs over the past few years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of FREA based OSCs is still lower than those of other solar cells so far. It is limited by two major problems: large bandgap of FREAs and large energy loss (Eloss) in devices. In this project, I aim to address these issues and develop high-efficiency OSCs from three aspects: 1) to develop novel FREAs with low bandgap, matching energy levels and high electron mobility via designing novel large fused ring donor units, 2) To reduce Eloss via adjusting and matching the energy levels of polymer donors and FREAs for high-efficiency OSCs, 3) to formulate key rules of designing FREAs to achieve low Eloss with high short-circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF) via exploring the relationship between Eloss in OSCs and the intrinsic properties of FREAs. The expected outcomes of this project include new FREA materials and high-efficiency OSCs, as well as fundamental knowledge concerning Eloss in OSCs. In addition to the scientific achievements, the fellow will obtain new interdisciplinary knowledge and skills, and achieve professional maturity by training during the project. Successful implementation of this project will also promote the international competitiveness of the host organization in OSCs. Potential commercialization of the new FREA materials and OSC products will contribute to economic growth and afford new job opportunities for the European society.

Mots clés : organic solar cells, semiconductor, optoelectronics, fused ring electron acceptors, energy loss

Participants :
- Linköping University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet HEFTinLOOPS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The first run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) has brought the discovery of the Higgs boson, a result of hard work by thousands of experimental and theoretical physicists. The Higgs boson was the final piece of the Standard Model (SM), a theory describing elementary particles and their interactions. The current run of the LHC at higher energy aims to thoroughly explore the interactions of the Higgs boson and search for deviations from the SM predictions. A model-independent framework to organise and parametrise deviations from the SM is that of Effective Field Theory (EFT), in which higher-dimension operators modify the interactions of the SM particles. Further work is needed to consistently examine all Higgs production channels within the EFT and in the most accurate way possible, a topic which the proposed work aims to address. In particular, the applicant aims to study a class of Higgs production processes starting at leading order with one loop, the so-called loop-induced processes, including all relevant dimension-6 operators and providing accurate predictions for the differential observables. Additionally, tree-level processes that have not been explored so far will be studied to next-to-leading order in QCD. The project will result in a public Monte Carlo implementation, which combined with the experimental measurements will be used to set constraints on the EFT operators in the last part of the project. The project meets important needs in particle physics, especially with the LHC collecting more data in the coming years. The applicant's expertise in Monte Carlo generators and Higgs physics are crucial for the completion of the proposed project, while CERN will offer an ideal environment for the researcher to strengthen ties with the experimental physicists and maintain important global collaborations, in line with the European scientific excellence commitment.

Mots clés : large hadron collider, higgs boson, new physics effects, effective field theory, loop induced processes, accurate predictions, constraints on dimension 6 operators

Participants :
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 175419.6 €
Projet ATM-METFIN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The focal point of the research proposal is to combine the current technological advancement and scientific questions regarding the unknowns of atmospheric ice nucleation. Ice nucleation is an important pathway for cloud formation and initiation of precipitation, therefore playing a significant role in the Earth’s hydrological cycle and energy and radiative balance. Several questions pertinent to ice nucleation remain unanswered, partially due to gaps in instrumental technology and lack of ambient measurements. The proposed work primarily focuses on the mechanisms of ice nucleation in the atmosphere, more specifically the number, physics and chemistry of biogenic and anthropogenic aerosol particles able to act as ice nucleating particles (INP). Field measurements with technological improvements to the existing Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PINC) are planned. One of the goals is to continue the time series measurements of INP parameters at the Izaña Observatory in Tenerife, where measurements have been ongoing since 2013 by the host institution. Since the INP concentration exponentially decreases with increasing temperature, and it is the warmer sub-zero temperatures that are more relevant for the initial ice formation in mixed-phase, the goal is to extend the measurements of INP parameters at the Izaña Observatory in Tenerife to temperatures above −30°C. Using additional instrumentation in the field, the role of mineral dust, particles of anthropogenic origin and marine primary biogenic particles as potential INP will be investigated in more detail. From a technical perspective, the work will concentrate on lowering the detection limits of PINC and on improving its ability to differentiate between water droplets and ice crystals. These improvements will allow measuring INP at warmer sub-zero temperatures and in immersion/condensation mode, both of which are more relevant for the first ice formation in supercooled clouds than our current measurements.

Mots clés : ice nucleation, atmosphere, mineral dust, field measurements

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175419.6 €
Projet BEACON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The following proposal deals with the fabrication and validation of a wearable patch for continuous dopamine sensing, realized using biocompatible materials and additive manufacturing techniques, which would allow to monitor the evolution throughout the day of this hormone which is fundamental in the treatment of many neurological diseases. The candidate wants to provide a simple and non-invasive method which could potentially improve the quality of life of millions of patients and families affected by these diseases and reduce the growing social costs to treat them. The device is thought to be self-powered, using the patients’ body heat as energy source, and works by analysing the dopamine concentration in human sweat, therefore no surgical procedure is required. To detect dopamine concentration, organic electrochemical transistors are used, exploiting their amplification ability to obtain a highly sensitive monitoring device. The patch is also equipped with a radio-frequency antenna for data transmission to medical personnel monitoring real-time the dopamine evolution in the patients. Finally, the patch is designed to be conformable, lightweight and cheap to reduce the patients’ discomfort.

Mots clés : conductive polymers, soft electronics, biosensing

Participants :
- Linköping University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191852.16 €
Projet GASCLAY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The formation of Discrete Gas Flow Pathways (DGFP) is the mechanism whereby a gas phase penetrates a liquid-saturated clay-rich material in the form of narrow channels created by the mechanical action of the gas pressure. It is a very complex phenomenon, which is strongly affected by small and larger scale heterogeneities in the material, resulting in a partly random process. DGFP occur in a range of natural and engineered processes (e.g. release of methane from ocean or lake floor sediments, stimulation of sensitive hydro-carbon reservoirs, CO2 injection and storage in subsurface reservoirs, and gas migration through clay barrier in Geological Disposal Facilities for radioactive waste). Despite its multiple environmental and economic implications, the formation, development and vanishing of DGFP networks are poorly understood on a fundamental level. The objective of the proposal is to close this knowledge gap through a combined experimental and numerical modelling study. For this purpose, I will develop a new experimental setup to generate and visualise two-dimensional DGFP networks during gas injection tests. By using Particle Image Velocimetry, this setup will allow to track, for the first time, the formation and vanishing of DGFP as gas is injected. In addition, the setup will be simple enough to enable extensive parametric studies and probability distribution analysis, which are essential to unravel the random nature of the problem. Finally, the experimental results will be used to develop and validate a coupled hydro-pneumo-mechanical Finite Element model. The new theoretical framework, experimental setups and numerical model will provide the basis to develop new clay-based engineered materials, to increase the feasibility of engineering projects and to improve the global warming prognosis. In that way, this project will contribute to the European knowledge-based economy and to the European Climate Action.

Mots clés : clay, two phase flow in porous media, fracture mechanics, experimental characterisation

Participants :
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet ADAPT2FLOW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The formation of a functional patterned (adaptation) vascular network is essential for development, tissue growth, and organ physiology. Several human vascular disorders arise from the mis-patterning (maladaptation) of blood vessels, such as arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, and diabetic retinopathy. Blood flow is recognized as the main inducer for vascular patterning, yet very little is known about the molecular mechanisms that vascular patterning. C. Franco and others recently highlighted that endothelial cells polarize and migrate against the blood flow direction. Yet, how this behavior contributes to the overall process of vascular patterning is completely unknown. This project aims to study the dynamics of endothelial cells in vascular patterning during development, homeostasis, and disease. Taking advantage of a unique new transgenic mouse line reporting endothelial cell polarity in vivo, I will investigate endothelial cell behavior in vivo, including endothelial cell polarity, collective and individual migration and cell rearrangements, using 2-photon microscopy. I will extend this analysis to understand the involvement of endothelial flow-dependent polarity in formation and development of arteriovenous malformations. Finally, I will perform an in vivo functional screen to identify novel regulators of endothelial flow-dependent polarity, using a combination of automated image analysis and hemodynamics modelling. This integrative approach, based on high-resolution imaging and unique experimental models, will provide a unifying model defining the cellular and molecular principles involved in adaptive and maladaptive endothelial cell dynamics during blood flow-driven vascular patterning. Given the physiological relevance of vascular patterning in health and disease, this research plan will set the basis for the development of novel clinical therapies targeting vascular disorders.

Mots clés : angiogenesis, blood flow, cell polarity and migration, vascular patterning

Participants :
- University of Lisbon (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 147815.04 €
Projet MOCCA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The formation of all carbon-based materials in nature starts with fixation and transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into useful chemical compounds. Such reactions are enabled by enzymes which often contain highly active metals as reaction centers that are deeply buried in a protein. In contrast, fine chemical production in industry is nowadays still mainly dependent on fossil fuels as carbon feedstock. Since fossil fuels are a limited resource there is an urgent need for alternative strategies. MOCCA (= Metal Organic Cages for Catalysis Applications) aims for the direct use of CO2 to functionalize olefins and produce higher carbon compounds. Principles from nature will be applied such as incorporation of metal catalysts inside a discrete cavity that allows specific substrate binding and activation. The process is divided into two steps: (1) CO2 reduction and (2) insertion of reaction products into the double bond of olefins, for example by hydroformylation. Both reactions are of high interest in chemical research and industry; several metal complexes have been reported as catalysts. Metal complexes are easily tunable via ligand design and molecular catalysts featuring active site mimics have been prepared. However, the current generation of these systems cannot compete with the efficiency of enzymes. Today it is clear that drastically simplified active site mimics do not fulfill all necessary conditions for keeping up with their natural paradigms, but also the outer shell plays an important role. Thus, the need for wrapping catalytic sites in a tunable chemical environment is evident. The nowadays available toolbox of design-driven supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of such tailored environments, while investigation of encapsulated catalysts is still in its infancy. MOCCA will demonstrate the first example of molecular coordination cages containing catalysts as linkers that efficiently reduce CO2 and use the reaction products directly for the pro

Mots clés : supramolecular chemistry, co2 reduction, hydroformylation

Participants :
- TU Dortmund University (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €