Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ELoN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The ELoN project aims to assess the League of Nations' Minority Protection System (MPS) in the context of the interwar era in Turkey. Grounded in primary archival sources, this research examines the mechanics of the MPS and its influence on Turkey's minority policies, particularly in relation to the Lausanne Treaty of 1923. The study augments the broader understanding of the League’s MPS by bringing insights from the Turkish case. This research specifically delves into petitions submitted by minority individuals to the League MPS, adopting an interdisciplinary approach that integrates a variety of methodologies, including historical and legal perspectives. ELoN's primary objectives are threefold: a) Gather fresh data on the League's MPS operations in Turkey and compile these archival materials into a "Minority Petitions Database". b) Identify and analyse the political and legal discourses, pivotal concepts, and events that informed the League’s minority protection mandate on Turkey, including the implementation of the Lausanne Treaty. c) Reassess the existing literature, offering fresh theoretical insights on the League’s MPS in light of data specific to the Turkish context. Through these means, the research intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of the League's minority protection efforts in Turkey, placing them in the wider scope of interwar international politics and minority rights advocacy. These objectives will be met through three meticulously designed work packages. ELoN distinguishes itself as an in-depth study of the League's MPS jurisdiction and minority petitions pertaining to Turkey. This re-evaluation enriches academic dialogue and furnishes insights for addressing Turkey's multifaceted challenges. The specialised training and research opportunities will expand my current research and expertise and help me return to academia, placing me in a prime position to pursue a faculty position.

Mots clés : the league of nations, turkey, minority rights in the interwar era, minority petitions, the history of international law and global governance

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet MIND-NHE6 (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The human Na+/H+ exchanger 6 (HsNHE6) is crucial for regulating pH in recycling endosomes in the central nervous system. Mutations in HsNHE6 are linked to Christianson syndrome (CS), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HsNHE6 ion transport and its dysfunction due to CS mutations remain elusive. My research aims to bridge this knowledge gap by combining cellular and liposomal functional assays and single-particle cryo-electron microscopic structural investigations of HsNHE6. I will explore how dimerization in the lipid environment influences its ion transport mechanism, how the dimer functions as a whole, and how CS-associated mutations affect both dimerization and ion transport. I will conduct functional assays on heterodimeric HsNHE6, composed of wild-type (WT) and transport-deficient protomers, complemented by structural investigations to uncover the structure-function relationship during ion transport. I will identify HsNHE6-bound lipids and analyze HsNHE6 structure in its native environment utilizing detergent-free extraction. Furthermore, I will perform functional assessment in various lipid environments to unravel how the lipid environment influences dimerization and ion transport. Additionally, I aim to investigate whether and how CS-associated mutations lead to a loss-of-function phenotype and can exert a dominant-negative effect on a WT protomer by integrating functional assays with structural analyses of CS-mutant HsNHE6. The project aims to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing ion transport of HsNHE6 within the lipid bilayer and will provide insights into the molecular basis of CS. By integrating functional and structural data, it offers the potential to guide therapeutic targeting of HsNHE6 in the context of CS. The project is hosted at the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Henriette E. Autzen.

Mots clés : mammalian membrane protein, sodium hydrogen exchanger, single particle cryo em, native nanodiscs, christianson syndrome

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet PALEOHUNTERS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The extinction of Neanderthals after a brief period of coexistence with Homo sapiens is a key topic in human evolution and Palaeolithic studies. To date, there is still no consensus on whether differences in diet and hunting strategies between both human populations could have influenced the outcome. Traditionally, archaeologists have addressed this topic by studying faunal skeletal remains, determining species variability, age of prey and seasonality of human occupations. Ethnography shows that, in addition to these aspects, animal sex plays a key role in hunter-gatherers' prey choice procurement decisions, as the biological sex of an animal has major implications on its nutritional value, its presence in the landscape alone or in a group, and its vulnerability. The assessment of this factor has not yet been addressed in Palaeolithic research, but it is essential to understand whether there were strategic differences in hunting behaviour among both human species. PALEOHUNTERS aims to determine the influence of ungulate sex on the hunting strategies of late Neanderthals and the first Anatomically Modern Humans groups of northern Iberia and southwestern France, as both species overlapped in those regions for thousands of years. This interdisciplinary project will implement biological sex determination of ungulates by analysing amelogenin, a protein present in tooth enamel. The resulting ancient protein data will be combined with zooarchaeological and ecological information to re-evaluate Palaeolithic human subsistence behaviour from the perspective of the biological sex of hunted animals. Furthermore, integrating biomolecular methods has the potential to contribute to address long-term debated issues in archaeological research from new perspectives. By achieving these goals, PALEOHUNTERS will put the fellow on an innovative research path where palaeoproteomics becomes an integral part of Pleistocene zooarchaeological investigation.

Mots clés : middle upper palaeolithic transition hunting strategies palaeoproteomics zooarchaeology

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet DEATHRIT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

DEATHRIT aims to examine how language and imagery, borrowed from Norse tradition, contributed to shaping the concept of 'Britishness' in the eighteenth century. This was a period when the British Isles were establishing emergent ideas of national identity and independent cultural artefacts by seeking vernacular literary traditions. Through a historical-contextual analysis of British texts, DEATHRIT examines how British nations used ideas of historical and ethnic heritage—specifically that of Scandinavia and Iceland—to affirm or transform their own cultural identity during the eighteenth century. The project objectives are as follows:  1. To situate eighteenth-century texts about Britain’s perceived heritage in Norse culture in relation to ongoing conversations concerning Britain’s relationship with Europe. 2. To demonstrate that the appropriation and mediation of ancient Scandinavian death imagery was an important vehicle for conceptualising British identity during the eighteenth century. 3. To establish a new approach to the body politic metaphor, one that accounts for death and death rituals as part of the function or dysfunction of a nation state.  With these objectives, DEATHRIT aims to build on existing work within the fields of Eighteenth Century Studies and Norse Reception Studies. In doing so, it will establish the role of cross-historical and cross-cultural exchange, specifically with Scandinavia, within Britain's identity and nation-building process. It will draw on the theoretical fields of Disability Studies and Death Studies to provide an innovative framework to view the body politic metaphor. By reviewing select eighteenth-century British antiquarian poetry, essays, plays, travel literature, and periodical reviews concerning Scandinavian-inspired death and ritual, DEATHRIT will establish Scandinavia's role in developing Britain's body politic on a local and European stage.

Mots clés : comparative literary studies, eighteenth century studies, medievalism, cultural memory, transnationalism

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet DocZow (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Zoroastrian women's silk weaving has all the characteristics of intangible cultural heritage; because it is both traditional, contemporary and alive at the same time, which has been continued through inter generational-transmission. For this reason, this project complements Iran's global registration under the title "Sericulture and traditional production of silk for weaving " by UNESCO in 2022. Chinese silk was imported to Iran through the Silk Road in the Sassanid era, and it led to the establishment of silk textile workshops to supply silk textiles inside and outside of Iran. The official religion during the Sassanid era was Zoroastrianism, but from the beginning of Arab Muslim rule until today, few Zoroastrians have remained. The non-alphabetic language of Zoroastrians is called Dari-Behdini and half of the speakers are Zoroastrian women, who played the role of bearers and preservers of intangible heritage, oral literature and traditions related to silk textiles from the Sassanid era to the contemporary period and localized the heritage of Chinese silk using the positive aspect of Cultural appropriateness and founded a new form of it. The silk textiles of Zoroastrian women are important from social, cultural and religious aspects: 1-The producers and consumers of silk textiles are only women and women have spread and taught it through inter generational-transmission until today. Women have not only been highly successful in retaining and transmitting traditional methods and practices, but also in adapting them in innovative ways with high levels of technical competency. 2-Although silk is a non-native product that came to Iran from another culture, Zoroastrian women turned silk textile products into their cultural capitals and used it as a symbol of cultural identity. 3-Although silk dyeing and using it is associated with obstacles based on the importance of purity in Zoroastrian religion, but until now, it is used as the only type of Traditional clothes.

Mots clés : zoroastrian women s silk weaving, inter generational transmission, intangible cultural heritage, 

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet VThrombectomy (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) is the leading cause of death and disability globally. In 2017, 1.12 million people suffered from a stroke in European Union, and it is expected to increase by 27% in 2047. The AIS occurred due to insufficient blood supply to the brain from blockage of blood clots or thrombus. Restoration of the blood supply to the brain is the primary objective of medical treatment after the detection of AIS. This can be done using recently developed minimally invasive Endovascular Stroke Treatment (EVT). The introduction of EVT to clinical trials in 2012 revolutionised stroke treatment, but nearly 65% of patients face post-treatment complications and disabilities. Such complications show a huge void in improving the EVT treatment using in silico and in vitro approaches. The current project (VThrombectomy) proposes a framework for mimicking the EVT procedure using in silico approach. The EVT consists of three major components: stent retriever, blood clot, and flexible blood vessel. Mimicking these components for numerical simulations and understanding the mechanical forces involved is the primary objective of this project. In which, Patient-based images will be used to mimic the cerebral arterial network, and mechanical properties of thrombus will be replicated using patient-based clot stress-strain data. The development of a virtual thrombectomy procedure will take place by solving these components using a multiphysics approach in a coupled way. The major limitations involved in the previous studies were the use of an ideal cerebral artery model with rigid walls and the absence of blood flow during EVT. VThrombectomy proposes to address these limitations by the inclusion of patient-specific flexible blood vessels with flowing blood. Parametric analysis of EVT using in silico approach can dive deep into the treatment and improves our understanding of the mechanical forces involved, which results in improved and efficient devices to retrieve the clot.

Mots clés : cardiovascular flows, cerebrovascular flows, structural mechanics, virtual thrombectomy, stent retriever, thrmbus modeling

Participants :
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
Projet CASTOR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

A new space era is coming. Numerous miniaturized probes will soon pervade the solar system for commercial and exploration needs. Constellations made of thousands of spacecraft will soon revolutionize space-based services. In the next future, minor bodies will be the final destination of diverse space missions, since they can give answers to the origin of life and provide resources for the sustainable development of the humanity. However, the state-of-the-art is to control space probes from ground. The need for large teams and specific infrastructures yields extremely expensive operations, that do not scale for small probes. The CASTOR project (Challenging Autonomous Spacecraft through Trajectory Optimization with Robustness) will address the spacecraft operation problem by fostering autonomous guidance and control for future small satellites in the vicinity of minor bodies. In order to reach its aim, the project envisages the definition of an efficient method for robust guidance and control in close proximity and its deployment on appropriate spacecraft-compatible hardware. A concurrent methodology will be exploited to implement the high-performance high-efficiency hardware-software set. Validation in a relevant laboratory environment will be performed exploiting the EXTREMA Simulation Hub, developed within the ERC EXTREMA project at Politecnico di Milano, and its associated facility RAFFAELLO, able to simulate the neighbourhood of an asteroid. CASTOR foresees the involvement of two top-level space agencies, NASA and ESA, and of one of the most important universities in the space research, Politecnico di Milano, that will surely help the project to reach its objectives and maximize its future impact. The outcomes from this project will have a significant impact on the future of space exploration and exploitation, increasing dramatically the potential scientific return and opening the space and its market to new operators, such as small enterprises and universities.

Mots clés : spacecraft guidance and control, astrodynamics, orbital mechanics, autonomous spacecraft, asteroid missions, cubesats, low thrust spacecraft, optimization, harware in the loop simulation

Participants :
- Agence spatiale européenne (France) — Partner, associated partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 205524.48 €
Projet MOVINGHEART (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The sodium voltage-gated ion channel Nav1.5 is a key player in shaping the cardiac action potential. Hundreds of pathological mutations that lead to the dysfunction of Nav1.5 are linked to severe pathologies, such as life-threatening arrythmias. The function of these channels is based on precise voltage-dependent molecular motions that result in the opening and closing of their sodium-conducting pore. Despite very recent advances in determining their atomic structure, knowledge of the dynamics of these conformational changes is still lacking. Similarly, it is unknown how pathological mutations, clinically used drugs or post-translational mutations affect these changes. In this project, I therefore propose to – for the first time - decipher the dynamic motions of the Nav1.5 intracellular domains by combining the measurement of the functional state of Nav1.5 through electrophysiology with fluorescent sensor recordings of the motions via voltage-clamp fluorometry. The challenge of establishing a fluorescent sensor on the intracellular domains of Nav1.5 will be overcome by the generation of semi-synthetic Nav1.5 that are engineered to contain a fluorescent dye via tandem protein trans-splicing. The probed motions will be then interrogated in the presence and absence of pathological mutations, drugs and post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation. This will yield unprecedented insight into their mechanisms of action and will help to propose new ways of targeting the regulation of Nav1.5. This novel approach will therefore have direct implications for the future treatments of patients with cardiac arrhythmias. This innovative project, in an international environment, at the interface of biophysics, fluorescence, pharmacology and peptide synthesis, will also help me deepen my scientific, transversal skills and maturity. This in turn will provide me with the maturity required to become a team leader of my own research group.

Mots clés : ion channel, membrane proteins, electrophysiology, fluorescence, protein engineering, biophysics, conformational changes, peptides

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet MECHANOGUT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In adult organisms, gut barrier function is maintained by adapting the proliferation and turnover of resident intestinal stem cells (ISCs) to environmental cues. In recent years, an immense effort in the field has successfully identified many short and long-range signals involved in ISC-driven adaptive growth responses. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that biomechanical cues, such as shear stress, compressions, swellings, and tissue-scale tension, also play a key role in regulating SC activity in adult tissues. Hence, the adult gut is constantly exposed to mechanical stress and must adapt accordingly to the stretch and strain. Despite the undisputed impact that mechanical forces have on adult organ physiology, very little is known about the molecular signals involved. Using Drosophila as a model, we performed a genetic screen for ISC niche receptors coupling environmental cues with ISC-dependent adaptive growth and identified several receptors belonging to mechanotransduction pathways as indispensable for preserving gut barrier function. Mechanical forces can be either of tissue intrinsic origin, such as forces emanating from cell division and cell death, or of external origins, such as those originating from extracellular matrix remodeling, mechanical coupling to neighboring tissues, and food and fluid flow. Recent studies in developing embryos and during tissue morphogenesis show that cells can sense mechanical forces through mechanotransducer proteins, and are used as cues to regulate gene expression patterns, cell fate specifications, cell packing, and proliferation. An insight into mechanosensation in regulating ISC niche homeostasis in mature organs is still lacking and given my scientific background in biophysics and mechanobiology, this study aims to understand the role of mechanosensory inputs in maintaining the ISC niche using the Drosophila adult gut as a model system.

Mots clés : intestinal stem cells, mechanobiology, cell proliferation, cell fate, gene expression patterns

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet CoprodAction (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

CoprodAction addresses the problem of societal restructurings stemming from rapidly advancing climate change in combination with the current COVID-19 pandemic that has triggered major additional challenges in cities across the Globe, and especially in Global South. The case of Quito reveals both critical encounters of these multidimensional problems and also community-based innovative experiments that have achieved coproduction of more sustainable and resilient urban environments. The main objective of CoprodAction is to understand to what extent the application of community-led practices influences or contributes to improving the coproduction of such environments, affecting the effectiveness of urban planning and social equality. To this end, CoprodAction will employ both quali-quantitative and socio-spatial approaches. Therefore, the research will be developed through theoretical research about practices and concepts, including the comparison between conceptualization and application of co-producing urban environments. Further, the empirical research includes both traditional spatial analysis, ethnographic analysis and collaborative analysis, such as co-mapping and permanent coproduction laboratory with local actors as civic organizations, NGOs, municipal authorities, urban planners and other relevant stakeholders. The project will provide in-depth understanding on how such alternative knowledge may inform and contribute to the elaboration and implementation of novel approaches for the governance of contested urban territories, with transferable results to other geographical contexts in cities across Latin America and Global South. Finally, it defines a new and broader conceptual framework of coproduction, and also processes and mechanisms preparatory to the success of coproduction. Further, it presents a co-designed proposal for updating and adapting the planning and transformation model of the resilient, sustainable and equity-oriented urban environment.

Mots clés : urban governance, coproduction, participatory methods, global south, latin america, ecuador

Participants :
- Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189687.36 €