Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet EMESAS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

During the period of Mughal rule (1500 to 1800 CE) in early modern India, traditional Sanskrit astronomers actively engaged with Islamic (Ptolemaic) astronomy for the very first time. The EMESAS project proposes to study the canonical works (siddhāntas) of three Sanskrit astronomers from the early 17th century: Nityānanda, Munīśvara, and Kamalākara. The aim of this study is to find and analyse 'knowledge elements' found in their texts that are of Islamic origin, e.g., computational methods, geometrical arguments, astronomical models, diagrammatic proofs, etc. In doing so, the EMESAS project will contextualize the process of transmission, reception, assimilation, and adaptation of Islamic ideas in medieval Sanskrit astronomy. The Centre for the Study of Indian Science (CSIS), hosted by the Department of Cross-Cultural and Religious Studies at University of Copenhagen (UCPH), specializes in research on different aspects of Indian astral sciences like saṃhitā (omens), horā (astrology), and gaṇita (mathematical astronomy). This makes CSIS ideally suited to host the EMESAS project. Under the supervision of Prof. Kenneth Zysk, the head of CSIS, the EMESAS project will examine Nityānanda's 'Sarvasiddhāntarāja' (1639 CE), Munīśvara’s 'Siddhāntasārvabhauma' (1646 CE), and Kamalākara’s 'Siddhāntatattvaviveka' (1658 CE). The research expertise at CSIS will enable this project to ask challenging questions: What motivated Sanskrit authors to discuss Islamic astronomical theories? What kind of technical explanations, mathematical vocabularies, and cultural tropes did Sanskrit authors adopt in accepting (or rejecting) foreign ideas? How did the scientific milieu of early 17th century Mughal India influence the development of Sanskrit astronomy? To answer these questions, the EMESAS project will develop a unique interdisciplinary approach that brings together philological, historical, and mathematical methods of analysis.

Mots clés : islamic astronomy in sanskrit, early modern exchange in indian exact sciences, sanskrit mathematical astronomy

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet AnBIOSST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

During wastewater treatment, a significant amount of sewage sludge (SS) is generated as a by-product, with an estimated production in Europe alone of 2 bio tons/yr. SS use as fertilizer and anaerobic digestion are 2 disposal routes that comply with current legislative guidelines on waste disposal and environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely applied, resulting in volume reduction and biogas production. However, high heavy metal (HM) contents in SS impede the use of raw SS or AD effluent to be used as fertilizer. Bioleaching is based on the activity of Fe-and S-oxidizing microbes, capable of degrading metal sulfides and solubilizing HM. Because of its potential to remove HMs from solid matrices, bioleaching has been considered as a promising technique for both raw SS and AD effluent. In this regard, studies have been performed on conventional oxidative bioleaching approach (OBL). However, the rate of HM dissolution through OBL is slow, it requires aeration and addition of leaching agents (acids, bases, etc), which increases costs. Also, the inevitable formation of by-products limits the process efficiency. Recently, anaerobic bioleaching (ABL) has been a choice to recover HMs of different sources,with benefits of acid production and minimization of by-products. However, up to now, ABL has not been introduced in SS treatment. Furthermore, the application of ABL to sewage sludge prior to AD digestion offers various potential advantages: (i) the bio-availability of HM (which serve as micronutrients to AD microorganisms) is increased, (ii) volatile fatty acids (VFA), very important AD intermediates, are produced; and (iii) the sludge is already in a reduced state before in enters the digesters. In this research project, we will obtain essential knowledge about (1) ABL as sludge treatment, and (2) the effect of ABL on the efficiency of subsequent AD. By filling these gaps in knowledge, we are one step closer to a clean-up and valorisation strategy for sewage sludge.

Mots clés : anaerobic bioleaching, sewage sludge, heavy metals, anaerobic digestion, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet P-ADMIRAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Dynamic technological development and the growing demand for 'green technologies' have been the main reasons for the intensification of engineers' works on autonomous and unmanned vessels in recent years. Currently, the partnership of the companies Yara and Kongsberg Maritime is the first one in the world to create a fully unmanned, environmentally friendly, partially autonomous cargo vessel Yara Birkeland. Her operation is estimated to begin by mid-2020 and is to take place only within the territorial sea of Norway mainly due to numerous doubts regarding international legal regulations. The unclear legal situation of autonomous and unmanned vessels stipulates one of the main grave obstacles for their worldwide operation. Due to their enormous potential, especially the possibility of limiting the human involvement in maritime transport (thus, lowering the fatality rate in the shipping industry), there is a strong demand to create an appropriate legal regime enabling their universal operation. The possibility of making maritime transport less dependent on the human factor is significant for humanity, especially in the context of the recent pandemic of the SARS-COV-2 virus (their worldwide usage would also be a response to such disasters). The Project ADMIRAL will tackle the problem of the lack of exhaustive legal studies regarding the possibility of the operation of these types of vessels worldwide in the contemporary law of the sea and international maritime law systems. Thus, this explorative study will analyze the legal situation of autonomous and unmanned vessels in international law. The Project ADMIRAL aims to verify the central research hypothesis, which is that the contemporary law of the sea does not offer a satisfactory legal framework towards a worldwide operation of autonomous and unmanned vessels. As a consequence, Project ADMIRAL will determine the regulatory barriers preventing their global operation and propose durable solutions.

Mots clés : law of the sea, maritime law, autonomous ships, unmanned ships, shipping industry

Participants :
- Jagiellonian University (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 149625.6 €
Projet ECOMIG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

ECOMIG aims to uncover the environmental history of the German colony of Qingdao located at China's Yellow Sea (1898-1914). Adopting a multi-species ethnography, I will research the production of a colonial "other" by foreign forces. So called "Western" countries intended to open a market that had won the reputation of a capitalist/traders' Eldorado. Themselves being perceived as invaders by the locals, they introduced a variety of international animals and plants. Some of these were adopted by the Chinese as well, others became "invasive species" in the modern word sense. While the military and socio-economic aspects of this brief Imperialist take over have already been explored, its ecological impact remains unknown. German economic ambitions in China included an army of plants intended to redesign the local environment that needed aesthetic improvement and should become a source of renewable resources. The effects of this economically motivated forced migration allow insights on historical narratives at the conjunction of environmental, colonial and economic history, emphasizing the intimate connection between human and environmental questions. ECOMIG addresses these questions exploring the semantic relationship between "eco-nomy" (household management) and "eco-logy" (household systematics) that signify an important crossroad for the realms of the infamous nature and culture divide.

Mots clés : environment and society, environmental humanities, language use, cultural narratives

Participants :
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173857.2 €
Projet ENROL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

ENROL – the Engineering for Life Sciences Doctoral Programme” is set up to educate and train a new generation of high achieving early stage researchers (ESRs) to study and develop novel technologies and engineering solutions for the life sciences. The education philosophy of ENROL is based on creativity, curiosity, ability, and passion. Within the programme, we want to create a strong community of ESRs and mentor, guide, and stimulate them in their creativity to develop, based on their ideas, new materials and technologies as well as enhance their problem-solving skills and critical thinking. ENROL will recruit 20 academically exceptional ESRs who are committed to science and are strongly interested in pursuing a doctorate degree and carrying out research work in an interdisciplinary framework on the interface between engineering, technology and biology. The scientific goal of ENROL is to engineer functional interfaces between inorganic and bio-organic systems in order to push them towards new levels of understanding and technological applications. We thus propose a combined and synergistic effort based on the following three research areas (RA) within which 25 research projects will be offered for the candidates to choose from during recruitment and selection: RA1: Theoretical Prediction, Model Systems, and Analysis; RA2: Synthesis, Structuring & Instrumentation; RA3: Biological Applications. Each ESR will complete a research project within the frame of ENROL with specific objectives, a personalized time schedule and a career development plan (CDP) including transferrable skills training. The research project will be complemented by secondments at institutions of different scientific disciplines (within and outside ENROL) and industrial partner organizations. The secondments will strengthen the interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaborations, and the training of the ESRs will benefit from the multidisciplinary nature of the programme.

Mots clés : bionanotechnology, bioengineering, biointerfaces, mechanobiology, tissue engineering, organ on chips, biophysics, biochemistry

Participants :
- TU Wien (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1627200.0 €
Projet EPIGENHEART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

EPIGENHEART proposes a unique and competitive training for heart development research centred on congenital heart diseases (CHD), a leading cause of death in Europe . Defects in the pathways involved in myocardial lineages at the venous pole of the heart are found to be the origin of CHD and atrial arrhythmias. Epigenetic gene regulation has influence in maintenance of cellular identity, differentiation, and is deregulated in many diseases. The involvement of epigenetic dysregulation in CHD is poorly described, much of the mechanistic detail involved in triggering these events in the context of heart development remains unclear. RA signalling is preferentially active in the venous pole region of the embryonic heart. A deregulation of the retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated in venous pole defects in patients. How RA signalling takes part in the genetic and epigenetic network regulating the venous pole lineage decisions needs to be studied in details. With the use of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo approaches in transgenic and deficient mouse embryos combined with transcriptomic and chromatin profiling, the two interacting research lines of EPIGENHEART fulfils this goal. EPIGENHEART is expected to increase the knowledge on the genetic and epigenetic network regulating the formation of the venous pole, which will contribute to better understand the associated heart diseases. Apart from the impact on human health, the project will contribute to ER´s future career prospects and European scientific excellence and competitiveness.

Mots clés : congenital heart disease, heart development, transgenic mice, retinoic acid, venous pole

Participants :
- Aix-Marseille Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet ERIN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

ERIN offers a network analysis, investigating the cultural articulation of national identity in 19th-century Europe as found in the musical works of Irish poet-songwriter Thomas Moore. He created two European song series, the Irish Melodies and National Airs, of global circulation; these inspired arrangements by European composers. His epic poem Lalla Rookh inspired operas and ballets. ERIN is the first systematic study of this cultural network, and innovative in considering the temporal and spatial aspects of networking. ERIN contributes to the knowledge-based economy and society through accessible research outputs designed to engage the European public: an online forum, a podcast, a radio show, an interactive online exhibit, a database, an edited book. ERIN's research foundation is the substantial Moore collection at host Queen's; a database of its and other's Moore holdings becomes a dataset to be mined for the remaining outputs. The researcher will establish a network between herself, Queen's and selected European libraries in the process of preparing the database and the online exhibition. The researcher acquires skills that enhance her intersectoral mobility within Europe by observing a carefully-chosen training programme at Queen's that will also benefit ERIN's project outcomes. This training will also prepare her for an intended media secondment. By leading ERIN, the researcher will gain project management skills and gain valuable intersectoral contacts. Through leadership, networking, and training, the researcher will be involved in knowledge transfer. She will build on her existing experience as a contributor to several significant bibliographical and historiographical projects; the MSC fellowship will enable her to assume a position of leadership in the scholarly community (or in the media) while enhancing her creativity. Queen's enjoys "HR Excellence in Research Status" and offers the researcher a stimulating interdisciplinary research environment.

Mots clés : reception, cultural transmission

Participants :
- Queen's University Belfast (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet FreshwaterMPs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

EU member states are currently working towards the realisation of environmental goals specified in the Water Framework Directive (WFD), which aims to protect both human and ecosystem health. Microplastic particles (MPs) are emerging pollutants of increasing concern and are formed primarily when plastic waste degrades in the environment. The impacts of MPs on freshwater biota are not known, however, they may present a potentially persistent and ecotoxicological pollution problem. Accordingly, the goal of this project is to assess the environmental risk of MPs in freshwater habitats. To achieve this, a detailed investigation of MP environmental persistence will be carried out. This will provide environmental fate summaries for different polymer classes and enable the modelling of their degradation processes. This will be combined with laboratory studies to assess relevant sub-lethal endpoints such as reproduction, fitness, inflammation, and oxidative stress. As MPs are known to accumulate co-occurring organic pollutants, the toxicity of virgin MPs will be compared to MPs conditioned with relevant freshwater pollutants. This work will build towards a sophisticated state-of-the-art mesocosm study that will evaluate both MP fate and impacts in model ecosystems. The establishment of a novel framework for the environmental risk assessment of MPs will inform our ability to achieve conservation objectives taking into account MPs as emerging pollutants. The merit of this is that protection goals may be better accommodated in policy and management through the generation of so far unavailable data on MP persistence and environmental toxicity. Taken together, the project will generate so far unavailable data sets to assess for the first time the environmental impacts of freshwater MPs. Thus, the outcomes will highly relevant for academia, politics, stakeholders and society.

Mots clés : microplastics, freshwater, environmental fate, environmental risk assessment, ecotoxicology, chemical sorption, behavioural effects, morphological effects, reproductive effects

Participants :
- Goethe University Frankfurt (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet EUDIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

EUDIC addresses the occurrence of informal groups of EU Member States in EU foreign policy post-Lisbon. Thanks to the 2009 Lisbon Treaty, after decades of progressively increasing centralization among Member States, the EU should have finally obtained a coherent foreign policy and a more unified apparatus for supporting it. Yet on several occasions a restricted number of Member States, and at times EU institutions, steered EU foreign policy post-Lisbon, often by cooperating with non-EU countries in international contact groups. As this phenomenon suggests a fragmentation of the EU institutional scene, EUDIC's main contribution will be to explain why and to what effect informal groups persisted in the post-Lisbon era. By doings so, this project will advance our understanding of EU Member States’ practices of cooperation in the post-Lisbon EU foreign policy governance. EUDIC will rely on an interdisciplinary approach combining political science, international relations and sociology, while adopting an innovative mixed-method design. It will focus on EU approach to conflicts and crises. Within this empirical field, it will zoom-in on three sub-cases in which informal groups of EU Member States cooperated with non-EU actors in international contact groups: Kosovo - Group of Informal Dialogue on the Balkans Quint -; Syria - Friends of Syria Group -; and Venezuela - International Contact Group on Venezuela -. To address leadership dynamics, it will also provide an in-depth analysis of the role of Italy. Not only has Italy strong commercial and political links with these countries, but this Member State also took part to all the groupings under consideration. EUDIC’s findings will be published in a monograph, two journal articles and will be disseminated to a non-specialized audience via outreach initiatives (e.g. activities for students; dedicated website; policy brief; workshop).

Mots clés : political science, differentiation, integration, eu foreign and security policy, conflicts, crises, kosovo, syria, venezuela

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 163673.28 €
Projet CAtS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Each year more than 35,000 European children and young people are diagnosed with cancer. Childhood cancer remains a major public health and socioeconomic issue in Europe and around the world. Cancer arises when a single cell transforms and divides uncontrollably, resulting in a malignant mass of tumour cells. To study cancer, we must understand how these normal cells change. Our current understanding of how normal cells vary across the many tissues of our body is poorly understood. Child development represents a unique challenge in understanding our cells, as children’s bodies change at a cellular level entirely different than adults. This is reflected in the spectrum of cancers diagnosed in children compared to adults, particularly in bone and soft tissue cancers (sarcomas) where they present in less than 1% of adults' cancers and nearly 21% of children's cancers. With the advent of high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), it is now possible to analyze cell populations at remarkable scale and resolution. The primary purpose of this project is to use scRNA-seq to reconstruct the phylogenetic cellular lineage of childhood and adult sarcomas, and corresponding normal tissue. This fellowship aims to (1) discover and define differences between normal and cancer cell biology at single-cell resolution and (2) use machine learning to determine the cell type (cell-of-origin), the somatic changes and transcriptional trajectories of normal cells that lead to malignant transformation in children compared to adults. This project represents the highest resolution map of the intratumour genetic heterogeneity and clonal evolution of sarcoma ever produced. Another outcome of this project will be a reference map of all of the somatic mutations and expression profiles of normal bone and cartilaginous tissue. This will be a pivotal resource for the global research community - the ‘Bone’ and ‘Cartilage’ branches of the ‘Developmental Human Cell Atlas’.

Mots clés : cancer genomics, single cell, rna sequencing, sarcoma, paediatric cancer, machine learning, bone cancer

Participants :
- Wellcome Trust (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 224933.76 €