Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet TERA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to improve the performance and efficiency of fiber-optic communication systems that operate at terabit-per-second data rates. This goal will be realized by analyzing and optimizing the error-correcting codes used by these systems. Our first objective is to derive a finite-length scaling law which characterizes the code performance as a function of the code length (in bits). As a major novelty, we consider deterministic codes, which can fulfill the stringent requirements of terabit-per-second systems in terms of target bit error rates and hardware implementation. A scaling law can be used, for example, to rapidly assess the code performance in order to identify trade-offs and optimize system parameters. It thus constitutes a fundamental tool in order to design next-generation systems and to further push the limits of fiber-optic data transport. Our second objective is to reduce the decoding complexity. Current algorithms waste resources (power) because they do not exploit valuable information that is exposed during the decoding process. We minimize complexity by designing efficient component code selection strategies. We will also theoretically analyze the expected complexity savings, in particular in the regime where the noise level approaches the code’s threshold. The development of low-complexity decoding algorithms plays an important role in the design of energy-efficient fiber-optic systems decoding contributes substantially to the overall energy consumption. Therefore, this work will help to ensure that future data traffic demands can be met in a sustainable way. Our results are broadly applicable also for Flash memory systems, vehicular communication networks, and the computation of sparse fast Fourier transforms.

Mots clés : error correcting codes, fiber optic communications, finite length scaling, low complexity decoding

Participants :
- Chalmers University of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 265059.0 €
- Duke University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ANCAVE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to use the animal communities inhabiting anchialine environments as a model to investigate evolutionary patterns and processes in island-like marine habitats. Anchialine environments represent world-wide distributed land-locked water bodies with marine origin. They are comparable to islands for terrestrial habitats as they encompass young, discrete habitats with comparable ecological conditions to the sea, thus providing independent replicates of comparable evolutionary processes. All anchialine habitats previously investigated harbor high endemism, disharmonic communities, species with unique set of troglomorphic features, and old animal lineages interpreted as living fossils. In the four research parts of this project, we will test each of these observations and the processes related to them by analyzing large data sets with both macroecological and phylogenetic methods and a broad theoretical perspective from the field of evolutionary ecology, comparative evolution and island biogeography. This will facilitate to link the ecological and evolutionary processes observed in these habitats (easy to isolate and test due to the discrete and young nature of anchialine habitats) with those affecting oceanic ecosystems, providing a tool for a deeper understanding of the marine biota. Whereas similar approaches are well characterized in terrestrial environments (e.g. island), they are missing in the ocean, obscuring our understanding of the processes occurring there.


Participants :
- National Research Council (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet FaMInART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this research project is to understand the socio-cultural and regulatory factors influencing preference of married couples in India suffering from infertility or subfertility regarding means of family formation. I will concentrate on two approaches to family formation; adoption of a child(ren) and assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) using gamete (egg and/or sperm) donation. The study will focus on Indian couples who are residents of India and exclude members of the Indian diaspora who travel to India seeking adoption and/or ARTs. The objective of the research project will be achieved through three interconnected work packages each with specific research questions and methodology. The first work package involves a systematic literature review of factors influencing uptake of adoption as a means of family formation in India and globally. The second work package comprises of a normative analysis of Indian regulatory frameworks on adoption and use of ARTs (using gamete donation) in comparison to key international and European regulations. The last work package is designed to explore values, decision making process and experience of intending Indian parents regarding their chosen means of family formation using qualitative research methods. The insights generated from this project will be relevant for evidence based regulatory approaches to ARTs and adoption not only in India and other low-resource countries but also for global regulation of cross-border reproductive care. This interdisciplinary research project will be situated at the Bioethics Institute Ghent (BIG) with a secondment to the department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) at WHO Geneva for four months at the end.

Mots clés : adoption, assisted reproductive technologies, decision making, empirical ethics, family formation, gamete donation, grounded theory, india, regulatory frameworks

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet MARIA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this two-year project is to carry out an exhaustive analysis on the dissemination of Marian apocryphal iconography in religious contexts specific for fourteenth and sixteenth century France. My investigation will be the first comprehensive study which determines the contribution of liturgy and liturgical tradition to the development and dissemination of Marian apocryphal depictions and their transition from hagiographic collections to church space. While previous scholarship on Marian iconography has traced its developments from textual to visual sources, this project aims at furthering existent research by demonstrating that changes in the liturgical context, in which depictions of Mary were used, were far more significant to their evolution, popularity, and dissemination. This study, therefore, builds on a range of scholarship which has outlined the importance of sacred space to our understanding of religious cultures. The project also offers a comparative approach on (visual and textual) Apocryphal material by concentrating on the analysis of religious (liturgy, epigraphy, hagiography) sources in connection to iconographic patterns and their transition from hagiographic collections to church space with particular emphasis on the early life of the Virgin. The successful completion of the project, the publication of the research outcomes, and the training offered by Ca’Foscari University in Venice will enhance the candidate’s academic career perspectives and contribute substantially to her development as a researcher by offering her the opportunity of a permanent teaching/research postion.

Mots clés : middle ages, cultural history, iconography, apocrypha, virgin mary, liturgy, hagiographic collections

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet FLORIDA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The goals of this Fellowship, entitled "Fiber Laser fOr ultRafast InfrareD Applications" (FLORIDA) are: (i) to train a talented Fellow (Dr. Wang) through research and tailored training programme, (ii) to provide opportunities for mutually beneficial knowledge exchange between EU host/co-hosts and the Fellow in the areas of high EU priorities, (iii) to design and develop a high-power all-fiber laser system of chirped pulse amplification (CPA) at the edge of the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range, and (iv) to demonstrate the fiber laser system's potential in nonlinear optics in the MIR. Such a stable, powerful MIR CPA fiber system will have a significant impact on science and technology, as it will open doors towards emerging MIR laser-based science and numerous applications. Various cutting-edge nonlinear experiments including the low-noise, bright MIR supercontinuum generation, nonlinear optics in gas-filled hollow-core Photonics crystal fibers (PCFs), and high-order harmonic generation in solid state and gases will be conducted.The Fellow with the expertise in the field of ultrafast fiber lasers will be integrated into an international EU team with complimentary expertise on nonlinear optics. The Fellow will be trained in the fast-growing field of MIR ultrafast nonlinear optics, gaining new knowledge on numbers of interdisciplinary techniques, namely: (1) advanced soliton theory, (2) development of high bright MIRSCG in infrared fibers as well as in gas-filled PCF; (3) compression of high-energy MIR pulses in gas-filled PCF and (4) extreme nonlinear optics like HHG with fiber lasers. The supervisory EU team includes the world leading EU experts: Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies (AIPT), Aston University (Prof. Sergei K. Turitsyn); the Fiber Optics, Devices and Nonlinear Effects group at Technical University of Denmark (DTU, prof. Jesper Lægsgaard) and the Lund Laser Centre at Lund University (LU). (Assoc. prof. Cord Arnold and prof. Anne L’Huillier).

Mots clés : ultrafast fiber lasers, mid infrared ultrafast nonlinear optics applications, supercontinuum generation, modelling and experiments, high harmonic generation

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet DAG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus) is a baleen whale species currently restricted to the North Pacific. Palaeontological and archaeological evidence has, however, revealed that the species was once also present in the North Atlantic, having migrated from the North Pacific by 50,000 cal BP. These Atlantic Ocean populations were then extirpated in historical times, perhaps around the 12th century AD in the eastern Atlantic and by the 17th/18th century AD in the western Atlantic. In the past decade several individuals from the North Pacific population have been sighted in the Atlantic, suggesting the species might return to European waters in the future. If the species returns, strong conservation actions need to be implemented implemented in order to safeguard its recolonization of European waters. Modern marine management strategies are often reliant on data which lacks the long-term perspective that archaeology can contribute. Informing these modern approaches to protecting the grey whale can be achieved through investigating baseline data in prehistoric and historic periods. It is the aim of this project to apply an interdisciplinary approach, combining archaeological/historical methods, traditional zooarchaeology, ZooMS analysis, stable isotope analysis, and aDNA analysis on a step-by-step basis in order to identify past species selection by whalers, the past space/time distribution of the grey whale in European waters, reconstruct the past migration route(s) and feeding ecology of grey whales in European waters, and reconstruct grey whale demographic history and genetic diversity. This will reveal what factors led to the extirpation of the grey whale from the eastern Atlantic and whether anthropogenic pressure played a role. Besides the archaeological and historical implications, the results will also have implications for conservation actions, potentially allowing for more effective conservations actions if the grey whale recolonizes the North Atlantic.

Mots clés : archaeology, zooarchaeology, grey whale, cetacean, medieval, prehistory, europe, whale, zooms, adna, stable isotope analysis, extirpation, whaling, marine ecology

Participants :
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202158.72 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet PMOHR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The growing worldwide adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHR) enables new research opportunities to analyse massive amounts of medical information, motivated by the promise of improving health systems while providing significant budget savings. Biomedical research increasingly uses machine learning methods as a data-driven approach to learn complex comorbidity patterns of diseases, study drug interactions, and form predictions. The analysis of EHRs may not only lead to knowledge discovery, but it also facilitates personalised medical treatment and early diagnosis of the diseases through the design of clinical support systems. However, current approaches for the analysis of EHRs are still in their early stages. The two main technical challenges that need to be addressed are integration of heterogeneous data and scalability to massive datasets. Most of the existing methods are tailored to homogeneous data and, therefore, to a single source of information, and hence they cannot handle EHR datasets. Scalability also represents a difficulty for most of the current machine learning techniques, which are limited to the analysis to moderate-sized datasets. In this project, we will develop novel tools for the analysis of heterogeneous EHR data. Our approach will be based on probabilistic modelling techniques, since they are an effective approach for understanding real-world data in many areas of science. We will make use of Bayesian nonparametric modelling techniques, coupled with stochastic variational inference to allow for scalable inference. Probabilistic models, including BNPs, are amenable to both descriptive and predictive analysis at the same time. We will collaborate with the Department of Biomedical Informatics, who will provide their knowledge about the problem, allowing for good model formulations and results analysis.

Mots clés : probabilistic modelling, bayesian statistics, scalable inference, heterogeneous data, electronic health records

Participants :
- Columbia University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269857.8 €
Projet SWIPT-MED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

The growth and extensible research in active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) have provided the opportunity for continuous and remote monitoring of patients with chronic illness. But the major technological challenge is that most of the implants operate on batteries with limited durability. It is difficult to replace these implants as human tissues grow around them and requires surgeries for their removal, which are costly and stressful for the patients. Moreover, battery replacement surgeries require hospital stays which is an additional risk in this era of pandemics like COVID-19. So, the sustainability and eventual fate of implantable medical devices depends on its capability for long-term use. Most of the AIMDs are equipped with wireless communication systems for data transfer, device monitoring and reprogramming. In this regard, I propose that energy harvesting from radio frequency (RF) signals for a wireless communication system provides a new paradigm called Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transmission (SWIPT) that can allow the wireless implant nodes to recharge their batteries from the RF data signals. In the literature, SWIPT has been studied for in-door and outdoor environment and has investigated transmission of high energy levels with large antenna dimensions for harvesting energy. There have been no studies in the literature for investigating SWIPT within the human body. My research project will explore and untap the potential of SWIPT for the human body environment. The major outcomes of the project include: 1) optimum energy-capacity function and the end-to-end analytical model of SWIPT for deep implants; 2) hardware design of SWIPT for implant communication systems; and 3) feasibility of the novel SWIPT architecture for medical implant technology by in-vitro liquid phantom models and in-vivo living animal experimental studies. The new fundamental knowledge developed from the project could be applied to multiple other domains.

Mots clés : wireless power transfer, biomedical implants, in body communication, body area networks, cardiac pacemaker

Participants :
- University of Illinois System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Oslo University Hospital (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 284345.28 €
Projet PETAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The growth and yield of major cereals represents one of the key issues in food security, due to the abiotic andbiotic stress caused by climate change and desertification. PETAL proposes to measure the early changes of CO2 metabolism and water transport induced by stress in wheat using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Novel functional imaging data correction andanalysis models are developed in order to have a quantitative interpretation of the PET images of wheat obtained with the RAYCAN digital E180 preclinical PET/CT scanner, the MOLECUBES beta- PET/CT preclinical scanner, a dedicated digital portable plant PET system and a portable Table-Top PET/ MRI scanner. Functional imaging data, conventional morphological and proteomics data and CT root images willbe collected at each stage of growth of the wheat under defined stress condition and after biostimulant treatment.This unprecedented unique dataset will be analyzed using new High-Performance Computing approaches,in order to define a new set of measurable quantities, which are affected by stress at the early stage of the plant development. On this basis, the PETAL consortium will generate a SME/academic platform providing servicesfor wheat growth early analysis in agriculture. PETAL builds on the cross-disciplinary expertise of the partners in physics, technology, biology,agronomy, ecology, computing and software systems. Researchers involved in the 38 secondments will participate to the validation of PET as imaging technique for plants, to thedevelopment ofnovel PET data analysis algorithms and technologies, to the data collection and analysis. They will be trained in new technologies, experimental techniques in agriculture, data analysis, and algorithm implementation, in order to establish a multi- disciplinary working chain train personnel, and therefore prepare the sustainability of the project proposal. To complete the training offer, 3-montly webinars and yearly workshops are organized.

Mots clés : positron emission tomography, biotic and abiotic stress, data modelling in agriculture

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 110400.0 €
- Raycan technology co ltd (suzhou) (Chine) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 165600.0 €
- Bollino it spa (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 59800.0 €
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 119600.0 €
- University of Teramo (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 92000.0 €