Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet BAKOIL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research project will explore the construction of ‘oil city’ narratives in Baku, Azerbaijan. Baku is one of the earliest and historically most significant oil cities in the world. Despite this important legacy, there has been little scholarly attention to the ideological and cultural meanings of oil in different urban milieus. Addressing this gap in scholarship, this study aims to deepen scholarly understanding of the constitution of oil urbanism and its implications for post-oil future. The development of many cities that are linked to oil production is dependent upon the economic cycles of boom and busts of the industry. Typically, oil cities rapidly grow during a boom, and decline during a bust. Few cities are able to reinvent themselves after a bust, either by diversifying their economies or assuming the role of a technological hub for the industry. Baku is unusual among the world's oil cities, as it neither declined nor reinvented itself, but has perpetuated its dependence on oil for the last 150 years and continued to strengthen its identity as ‘the oil city’. Using a combination of ethnography and textual analysis, this study aims to provide a detailed ethnographic analysis of how Baku’s oil city identity has been constructed and reproduced in official and unofficial discourses by variously positioned professionals involved in memory-making, either directly (museum workers and urban heritage activists) or indirectly (oil industry professionals; city planners; tour guides). The main research objectives are: 1) to examine the official and unofficial narratives of urban continuity based on oil production in their socio-cultural context 2) to explore the practices of collective remembering and forgetting in constructing the narratives of Baku as a historical center of oil production and 3) to explore how an urban identity based on oil affects the imagination of a post-oil future among these groups.

Mots clés : oil urbanism, boom and bust, urban memory, tourism

Participants :
- University of St Andrews (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet IMPACT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project will study the formation of large meteorite impact craters, characterized by central peaks or rings, flat floors and terraced walls. The complex morphology results from the gravity driven collapse of a much deeper and narrower transient cavity. Standard material models fail to explain such a collapse and specific temporary weakening mechanisms have been proposed. The most successful approach, the Acoustic Fluidization (AF) model, relies on the temporary softening of heavily fractured target rocks by means of an acoustic field in the wake of an expanding shock wave originated upon impact. The project aims to (i) constrain the mechanics of large crater collapse, (ii) constrain AF parameters and enhance AF implementation into simulation software (iSALE), (iii) test the revised AF model with planetary case studies. These objectives will be achieved through a multidisciplinary approach: (1) Small-scale impact experiments will use a target of granular material, which will be acoustically fluidized by an external source to mimic the fluid-like rheology of planetary targets during collapse; (2) Numerical models of complex crater formation, which require the AF parameters to be constrained, will be calibrated and validated against experiments and up-scaled to dimensions of natural craters. The originality lies in combining the systematic laboratory experiments with numerical simulations to improve a widely used AF model. The fulfilment of the project will be ensured by the host and partner institutes, and the planned training activities (laboratory and modelling techniques). The results will be disseminated to the scientific community through peer-reviewed papers and conference contributions. The project will foster excellence in Europe by establishing a network of collaborations that will promote high-quality research, inspire the next generation of planetary scientists, and encourage research in interdisciplinary fields like Solar System exploration.

Mots clés : impact cratering, acoustic fluidization, crater collapse, numerical modelling, small scale impact experiments, remote sensing, solar system

Participants :
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet BrightNano-vdW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research proposal aims at exploring the potential of atomically-thin van der Waals (vdW) materials as highly efficient single-photon and nonlinear light sources towards their implementation in optical devices. In the context of nano-optics, an important element towards the development of practical photonic-based technologies is the achievement of bright and stable light sources as well as a precise control over quantum emitters. So far, the development of photonic devices is limited by a number of issues which can be addressed by the use of two-dimensional (2D) vdW materials. They present interesting excitonic properties such as strain-induced localization of emitters and inherent optical nonlinearities but the low quantum yield hinders their use in optical devices. Therefore, there is a real need to enhance the photoluminescence of vdW materials. One way to address the low quantum yield is by utilizing nanostructures to increase their emission rate. This project will be carried out with Dr Sapienza at the Imperial College London in collaboration with a secondment host, Prof. Tartakovskii at the University of Sheffield. My experience with nanoscale hotspot manipulation for fluorescence enhancement and the activity of the hosts with quantum emitters and vdW materials will permit a collaborative and interdisciplinary research programme at the interface between 2D materials and nano-optics. If successful, this proposal will allow me to advance my career in the field of nanophotonics and participate in diversifying the achievements of the host groups in nonlinear optics and plasmonics. Furthermore, the potential outcomes will provide a major step towards the implementation of vdW materials in photonic devices, thus establishing European leadership worldwide in the scheme of nano-optics and quantum research.

Mots clés : light enhancement, single emitters, nonlinear optics, van der waals materials

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 319400.64 €
Projet UViMCA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposal aims to address Utility (i.e., social function) and Usership in Virtual Museums of Contemporary Art [ViMCA]. Its objectives are to establish a ground-breaking analysis and conceptual framework for ViMCA, and to determine correlated modes of implementation designed to sustain social justice through cultural innovation. In its initial out-going phase at Concordia University’s Milieux Institute for research-creation, this action will determine ViMCA’s social efficacy through an interdisciplinary methodology investigating different curatorial approaches, theories of contemporary art reception (emerging from neuroaesthetics, philosophy and art theory), as well as socially-engaged artistic practices, and cross-referencing them with the novel affordances provided by XR–Extended Reality technologies. In the subsequent in-coming phase of this action at ICS-FORTH’s Human Computer Lab, research will focus on usership and design in order to establish consistent modes of implementation. This next research phase will initially devise a bespoke mode of user-generated content creation for ViMCA, derived and adapted from co-productive models of public participation found in socially engaged art, new media and museums 3.0. Second, it will establish a dynamic, personalized user interface model adapted to contemporary art contexts that will critically engage users while challenging innate confirmation bias. The results of this overall research will constitute a roadmap for future digital applications designed to support and enhance the role of contemporary art institutions in fostering democracy and social justice in today’s post-truth era. In order to demonstrate the practical viability of these research results, work on this action will ultimately yield the design specifications for an innovative ViMCA prototype application, developed during the fellowship’s final secondment phase at the academia-to-industry spinoff startup ORamaVR.


Participants :
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 164558.4 €
- Concordia University (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet BrainCrossTalk (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposal aims to identify basic mechanisms of local and global communication within the human brain enabling dynamic information processing. Specifically, I will investigate how the human brain allocates cognitive resources (via selective attention and inhibition) and therefore, dynamically engages and disengages frontal and posterior cortical areas. Several oscillatory mechanisms have been proposed to orchestrate such local and global cortical communication. While there are theoretical models hypothesising such mechanisms (i.e. gating by inhibition and cognitive resource allocation), to date no systematic empirical investigation of the interaction between these mechanisms exists. The current proposal aims at filling this gap by investigating the interaction – and the complexity thereof – between the neuronal mechanisms of different cognitive operations when they need to be integrated. The results will therefore serve to establish a common framework that links individual mechanisms and maps their interactions in the human brain. The proposed experiments require dynamic allocation of attention as well as selective inhibition in working memory. It will be explored how these processes can be dissociated in the neocortex by combining structural MRI and MEG. Furthermore, mapping their interaction will be a prime focus and the use of TMS in combination with EEG will enable to establish causality and direct behavioural relevance. Importantly, knowledge gained by this research will greatly inform research into basic brain mechanisms and bring us a step closer to understanding how the human brain operates. For me this project will be a prime possibility to work with Ole Jensen at the Donders Institute, NL and develop skills that bring me closer to establishing my own independent research group at a European University and ultimately becoming a leading European researcher myself.

Mots clés : working memory, attention allocation, inhibition, brain oscillations, cross frequency coupling, fronto posterior cortical network

Participants :
- Radboud University Nijmegen (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Birmingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €
Projet DivMeanBody (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposal is designed as an exploration in the construction of the prehistoric body and identity, by studying the post-mortem fate of human remains discovered in Neolithic settlements in the Balkan area (between 7th-5th millennia BC). These settlements have yielded collections of disarticulated/fragmentary/scattered human remains. Traditionally such human remains have been either a focus of osteological studies, looking at them in a biological dimension, or subjected to cultural analysis. DivMeanBody aims at taking a multi-disciplinary comparative perspective, at the cross-road of archaeology and osteology, towards the re-interpretation of such deposits from a taphanomic perspective to answer the question of whether these are deliberate depositions or more complex, including non-cultural processes, might explain this fragmentation. The beginnings of settlements, agriculture and the Neolithic way of life are marked by such funerary practices, and studying them is integral to understanding past ways of life and cultures. Through its aims, DivMeanBody will help us better understand how these past people were performing and dealing with the dynamic processes of life and death in their communities and the relation of these practices to the formation of archaeological deposits. In the same time, it will surpass the divide present in contemporary research between a biological body (studied by osteology) and a cultural body (by archaeology). The results of DivMeanBody will bring an original contribution that can challenge contemporary distinctions between domestic-funerary space, whole bodies-fragmentary parts, the world of the living-the realm of the dead. It will also create links between categories of archaeological material which are otherwise interpreted separately and thus offer new insights into what being human meant in the past.

Mots clés : body, funerary archaeology, osteology, taphonomy, human remains, neolithic, balkans, settlements

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet WoMent (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research will analyse the biographical and autobiographical texts of late-medieval and early modern women who were deemed to be mystics, blessed, or saints. The main objective is to determine to what extent extreme religious experiences (ecstasies, visions, physical sensations) might be attributable not to unexplainable relations with the Godhead, but to very explainable medical causes. What their contemporaries saw as mystical experiences can, from our modern perspective, be characterized in medical terms. Questions at the basis of the project are, therefore: what is the boundary between illness and sanctity? Is it possible to draw a demarcation line between alleged miracles and mental illness? What do biographical texts tell us about this? Where, how, and when have these texts come down to us and who has transmitted them? This research will consider five cases of mental illnessess (anorexia, visions, hysterical pregnancies, folie à deux and post-partum depression) in biographical texts of six religious women: St.Lutgardis of Aywières †1246, St.Angela of Foligno †1309, the Bl.Giustina of Arezzo †1319, St.Margareta Ebner †1351, Margery Kempe †1438, Bl.Colomba of Rieti †1501. These six women may well illustrate a broad spectrum of diseases. This research is important because: a) biographical texts that reveal how women saints lived their daily lives marked by ecstasies and mental alterations, that have not yet been fully investigated; b) similar studies exist, but they focused only on a single nervous disease and were limited mostly to Italian women saints; c) current studies have not taken into account the fundamental iconographic sources.

Mots clés : women, religion, mental illness, middle ages, early modern age

Participants :
- Pontifical Urban University (Vatican) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 237768.0 €
- University of Toronto (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet INNOVATE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This study seeks to bridge the conceptualization of innovation and entrepreneurship, analyse the entrepreneurial practices leading to tourism innovation in two different countries, and contribute to the design of more effective policies to enhance innovation practices across the EU. Specifically the study will address three main objectives which will be achieved using a mixed method research, involving both qualitative and quantitative approaches. First, to understand the innovation journey initiated by entrepreneurs in tourism, analysing the process and how these differ in the contrasting economic, tourism and institutional environments of Spain and the UK. This involves mainly a qualitative approach and the narratives of innovative entrepreneurs will be gathered through in-depth semi-structure interviews. Secondary data analysis and a first period of secondments with policy partners dealing with tourism and innovation will contribute to set the specific contexts influencing the innovation process in each country. Second, to analyse the development and performance patterns of a sample of young innovative entrepreneurs in tourism through a longitudinal study in Spain, specifically focussing on the determinants of innovation success or failure. Building on an initial previous contact, this will be accomplished through follow up interviews. And third, to inform policy guidelines and business practices through co-production of applied knowledge and guidelines with entrepreneurs and policy partner organizations in the UK and Spain. Key policy aspects identified during the previous stage will be transformed in collaboration with the policy partner organisations in an online survey targeting entrepreneurs to create validated policy guidelines. In summary, this contribution which aims to bring more coherence and effectiveness to tourism innovation policy-practice, is highly policy relevant for European competitiveness as innovation is the principal means of enhancing this.

Mots clés : innovation, entrepreneurship, tourism, innovation process, innovation policy, recommendations

Participants :
- University of Surrey (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ACTIVE_MARS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This study will identify and analyse ongoing geological activity across the whole of Mars in the form of the changing morphology of kilometre-scale “classical gullies” (Fig. 1). From this, we aim to determine whether these changes are caused by the action of liquid water, or dry frost (water or carbon dioxide). Such a study addresses key questions of ongoing martian habitability, planetary protection (i.e. limiting access for future missions to possible ‘wet’ environments) and current climate. Jan Raack, the Experienced Researcher (ER), has just published a study of one such gully: this can be used as a methodological template for a more ambitious project. The core of the project is a global search for change in martian gullies using 25cm/pixel HiRISE images. Thermal and spectral data will be used to determine the types of volatiles that are present as changes occur, thus constraining the triggering mechanism for flow. The core task is supported by Earth-based field work and laboratory experiments using a Mars simulation chamber. This multidisciplinary approach, combining remote sensing, field, and laboratory work is a powerful methodology, and also provides great skills development for the ER. Significant outreach and communication activities are a vital part of the project. We will use a variety of media (blogs, Twitter, conference presentations, press-releases of papers etc.), and also apply to the UK Royal Society to be part of the annual Summer Science Exhibition. Preparing for the proposal and the exhibition will provide a key learning experience for the ER, and develop proposal writing, public communication and project management skills. The three key outcomes of the project will be two peer-reviewed papers describing the distribution and triggering mechanism of martian gullies based on a synthesis of field, remote sensing and laboratory studies, and the Exhibition at the Royal Society, where the project results will be communicated to thousands people.


Participants :
- The Open University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet NATURA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This three-year GF will bring Caterina Tarlazzi at the University of Notre Dame (USA) and at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice (Italy), where she will be supervised by, respectively, Richard Cross and Marco Sgarbi. The overall aim of the project is to investigate a neglected, though highly significant, topic in the history of the Problem of Universals: realist theories over genera and species in the Latin tradition, c. 1090-1160. This topic has the potential to bridge the gulf now existing between analytical and historical approaches to philosophy, drawing illuminating comparisons between medieval realism and contemporary analytic views over universals (especially the so-called ‘scientific realism’ of David Armstrong, Michael Loux’s ‘constituent ontology’, and the ‘new essentialism’ of Brian Ellis). It will also re-shape important aspects of the history of medieval philosophy regarding both the Latin 12th-century (where ‘realist’ notions seem to be found in Peter Abelard’s anti-realist philosophy) and its relations to later medieval philosophy (especially the 14th-century forms of realism of, among others, Duns Scotus, Walter Burley, and John Wyclif). The topic has, however, remained almost entirely neglected so far. This is mainly because a number of relevant sources are found in manuscripts scattered around Europe, which have never been published but are familiar to Tarlazzi thanks to her three-year British Academy postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Cambridge. Tarlazzi’s past experience and the training planned during this GF now allow for an in-depth study of these sources, which will yield a complete reassessment of 12th-century realism. The results will be disseminated both within academia and to a wider audience. The project has important implications for Tarlazzi’s own career development; for research at the host institution and the teaching of medieval philosophy in Italian high-schools; and for research in history of medieval philosophy in Europe.

Mots clés : problem of universals, genera, species, natural kinds, individual, essentialism, peter abelard, manuscripts, aristotle, boethius, modal logic, nature, twelfth century

Participants :
- University of Notre Dame (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 262269.0 €