Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet JOYCENSTEIN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The aim of this Fellowship is for the researcher, Dr Dr Georgina Nugent-Folan, to develop the professional prowess, high-impact dissemination, advanced training and practical experience commensurate with the role of a leading independent researcher in the EU. The researcher will be based for 24 months at the University of Vienna (UV), supervised by Professor Dr Sylvia Mieszkowski. Research training will be implemented through an interdisciplinary project that conducts the first extended comparative study of the modernist writers James Joyce and Gertrude Stein. The project will compare their styles across all their major works, exploring how their contrasting aesthetics has shaped contemporary understandings of modernism. The project will also investigate the fabled antipathy they harboured towards each other, and how this has influenced subsequent critical engagements with their works. The key output will be the first monograph to be written on Joyce and Stein, but the project will also communicate knowledge to a public audience through appropriate outreach activities. The researcher will access expertise, mentoring, advanced training and gain access to the Vienna Centre for Irish Studies (CIS), the most prestigious centre for Irish Studies on the European continent. Due to its unique position as the host of the CIS, together with the interdisciplinary support and mentorship available from the supervisor, the UV is the best institution in Europe for hosting this project. The researcher will be given the opportunity to disseminate and embed her new research through conferences and a symposium. The resources of the host institution will facilitate development of an interdisciplinary and international academic network, together with career-mentoring. The Fellowship will establish the researcher firmly at the centre of modernist studies, positioning her for a successful ERC Starter Grant application and advancing her career goal of obtaining tenure at an EU university.

Mots clés : james joyce, gertrude stein, twentieth century modernist studies, european literary modernism, irish literature, american literature, cultural history

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199440.96 €
Projet COSY-PANTERA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of COSY-PANTERA is to develop a synthetic route giving access to easy-to-tailor electrochromic panchromatic pi-conjugated polymers that will undergo a clear transparent to color change with high durability, strong color contrast, and fast switching time. To achieve it, I envisage preparing structurally-controlled polymers with multiple redox states (polyelectrochromes) that can be obtained by superimposing individual visible-light-absorbing electrochromes. This is engineered by installing electrochromic moieties (e.g., carbazoles for green and phenothiazines for red) as pendant groups on a blue electrochromic triarylamine-based polymer backbone, known to form stable radical cations upon oxidation. To obtain polytriarylamines with desired structural characteristics, I will develop a novel catalyst-transfer polymerization (CTP) method based on the Buchwald-Hartwig C-N bond-forming reaction. AB-type monomers bearing electrochromic substituents will be prepared and, depending on the CTP protocol, alternate and block co-polymers will be designed. This approach will provide well-defined and reproducible triarylamine-based polymers with tailored characteristics: average molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions, end-group fidelity, composition, and color without the use of toxic reagents. Integration of these polymers into electrochromic prototypes will provide feedback to fine-tune the polymer structure, characteristics and electrochromism. As proof-of-concept, I target the synthesis of a panchromatic aimed-at-black triarylamine-based polymer, the most demanded color in electrochromic applications. This fellowship will allow me to continue my training in the field of organic chemistry, expanding my expertise into functional materials and properties assessment, with the goal to shape me from a prime researcher into a full-fledged scientist kicking off his independent career.

Mots clés : conjugated polymers, catalyst transfer polymerization, synthetic methodology development, polytriarylamines, chromogenic polymers

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199440.96 €
Projet GROWMETA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Bacterial secondary metabolites are highly valuable to humanity as antimicrobials. However, the antimicrobial discovery rate has been lagging behind rapid resistance development. Our lack of knowledge about when and why different taxa produce secondary metabolites is a major source of difficulty in the discovery process. Studies on Actinomycetes in batch culture have shown that secondary metabolites tend to be produced in stationary phase, but evidence suggests that production dynamics are different in other phyla as well as in situ. The goal of this project is to understand how in situ and in vitro SM production dynamics relate to growth rate and transcriptomic changes in soil bacteria. To achieve this, I will conduct a time-series rewetting experiment on a Negev desert biocrust as a model system of soil with reduced diversity. I will apply quantitative stable isotope probing metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to each timepoint to obtain a specific growth rate and expression profile for each metagenome-assembled genome. I will supplement the in situ data with in vitro expression studies in isolates. Together, this will allow me to assess how growth rate & phase, expression of other pathways, and the soil environment impact secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene cluster expression. The results of this project will give unprecedented insights into the dynamics of secondary metabolite production, challenge long-held assumptions, and ultimately lead to improved discovery pipelines.

Mots clés : bacterial secondary metabolites, stable isotope probing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, biocrusts

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230184.72 €
Projet ExuRoots (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Globally, the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for agricultural purposes is tremendous, with an estimated total of 120 million t/year. Due to high nitrification activity in the soil, much of the N applied to farmland (about 70%) is not absorbed by the crops and gets washed out, resulting in water pollution and the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), a powerful greenhouse gas (298 times CO2 global warming effect). Suppressing the nitrification rate of agricultural soil could be a sustainable solution. Plant roots can exudate natural compounds that prevent nitrification, a process known as biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). Wheat and maize are staple cereals that require excess fertilizers, and their efficiency has not increased to meet future food demand since 1980. The main aim of this study is to screen root exudates secondary metabolites of diverse wheat and maize genotypes for their BNI compounds and also evaluate the BNI potential under drought stress. Even though wheat and maize are major cereals covering the largest area among food crops, the study of its root exudates and the potential presence of BNI compounds and related BNI capacity have scarcely been studied. Consequently, the discovery possibility of new BNI compounds remains minimally explored in these crops, and root exudate plasticity in response to environmental changes is still extremely limited. The evaluation and selection of crop varieties lowers the nitrogen fertilizer dependency and is suitability for sustainable agriculture translates into specific key activities; 1) biochemical characterization of agronomic and environmental traits of the germplasm collection, 2) measurement of secondary metabolites in root exudates of germplasm lines in glasshouse under drought stress conditions to explore the full diversity of natural metabolic variation and BNI activity, and 3) potential isolation of new BNI compounds, and understand how plant traits and phylogeny are associated to this capacity.

Mots clés : plant metabolomics root exudates bni abiotic stress crop improvement

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183600.96 €
Projet BrightPlaty (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) polluIn recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution on behavior and physiology of many terrestrial and marine organisms. ALAN particularly interferes with the circadian and circalunar rhythms, which are used to coordinate reproduction in many ecologically important marine organisms, such as brown algae, corals, and annelids. The bristle worm Platynereis dumerilii has been established as a leading model organism to characterize the process controlling circadian and circalunar rhythms. Recent studies by the Raible and Tessmar-Raible laboratories (Vienna, Austria) revealed the temporal plasticity of a specific cell cluster in the adult worm brain, which is thought to orchestrate lunar rhythms. However, this intriguing discovery was made under laboratory conditions, prompting further investigation into how this translates in wild animals and whether it is affected by ALAN. This project will be hosted in the Tessmar-Raible (TR) lab at the Max Perutz Labs (MPL) - University of Vienna (Univie), Austria, and it has three objectives: (1) to obtain a complete atlas of the cell types showing lunar plasticity in P. dumerilii’s brain by performing the single-cell transcriptomic experiment over the course of two lunar cycles; (2) to characterize the cell type plasticity in wild P. dumerilii; (3) to identify the effects of ALAN on such response. These objectives represent significant advancements in the field, as the plasticity of cell types in response to lunar and circadian cycles is poorly understood and has been rarely explored using single-cell sequencing. Additionally, integrating data from wild specimens will allow for an unprecedented assessment of these processes in natural conditions. Exploring the influence of ALAN on single-cell plasticity also introduces a novel dimension to single-cell analysis.

Mots clés : chronobiology, artificial light at night alan , platynereis dumerilii, biological rhythms

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214344.72 €
Projet HYC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Holocaust in Yugoslav Cinema (HYC) examines the representations of the Holocaust in 50 Yugoslav films between 1945 and 1992. The Holocaust in Yugoslavia forms a major chapter in modern European history that saw the country partitioned and the majority annexed to the Nazi-backed Independent State of Croatia that perpetrated a systematic genocide against Serbs, Jews, and Roma. Memorialisation found dynamic, increasingly unexpected and altogether radical expression through films which dealt with issues of ethnic persecution, resistance, Jewish history, faith and culture in original ways. By combining film, historiographical, and archival analysis, and empirical fieldwork in the archives in Belgrade, Zagreb, and Vienna, the proposed Project will systematize the Holocaust in Yugoslav cinema. In doing so, the Project fills a major gap in European historiography: HYC opens the door to understanding the socio-political, ethnic, religious, and cultural specificities of Shoah representation in the Balkans and unlocks the heritage of a great cinematic tradition, altogether unresearched and yet one that can help us to reframe how we read visual histories of the Holocaust.

Mots clés : film, holocaust, archives, yugoslavia

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214344.72 €
Projet SLIDES (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Sulfobacins are sulfonated lipids that are bacterially synthesized in the gut and modulate the immune system and dampen intestinal inflammation. Therefore, they are considered as potential therapeutics for targeted microbiome-oriented interventions in the increasing number of cases of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the effects of sulfobacins on the gut microbiota, the degradation processes, and the key enzymes of the microbial biosynthetic pathway are unknown. The complex human gut microbiota directly affects host health by influencing the abundance of metabolites, aiding in nutrient digestion, protecting against enteropathogens, and enhancing immune system activity. Dysbiosis is usually associated with disease and intestinal inflammation. It is a crucial prerequisite for microbiome-oriented interventions to elucidate the ecophysiology of the species that drive these pathways. The existence of sulfobacin decomposition has not been shown yet in any habitat but sulfonated lipid degradation is usually correlated with increased availability of reduced sulfur compounds, which can also act as signaling molecules. Thus, project SLIDES aims to discover the species and that drive the degradation in the human gut and the biosynthesis pathway. This will be accomplished by a combination of molecular biology and functional microbiome analysis methods. This will result in: (1) the elucidation of the sulfobacin biosynthesis pathway and its genes by reverse genetics, (2) the discovery of sulfobacin degraders and the impact of sulfobacins on the gut microbiota by monitoring the temporal dynamics of responsive taxa, metabolic activity, and metabolite changes in sulfobacin-stimulated human fecal microcosms, and (3) the description of ecophysiology of sulfobacin degrading species, the required genes, and the degradation metabolites produced using stable isotope tracing.

Mots clés : gut, microbiota, sulfonolipids, sulfobacin, stable isotope tracing, lipid biosynthesis, lipid degradation, ecophysiology, fecal microcosm

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214344.72 €
Projet IsoMargin (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients for phytoplankton growth and directly influence the biological carbon pump, which sequesters about 10 billion tons of carbon per year, thereby limiting climate warming. Although intrinsically linked with the oceanic carbon cycle, their marine biogeochemical cycles are not fully understood. The role of oceanic margins, which modulate the transfer of these trace metals (TMs) between land and ocean, is critically under-constrained. The overarching objective of IsoMargin is to characterise and quantify the fluxes of micronutrients from the sediments at the margins. I will contribute to this effort by using a novel multiple-metal concentration and isotope system (Cu, Ni, Zn) on dissolved and particulate phases (suspended particles and marine sediment) using both field and experimental approaches. The oceanic behaviours of these three TMs are distinct enough to respond differently to specific processes, generating complementary information. Hosted by the CNRS-LEGOS, I will produce the first database of Cu, Ni, Zn concentrations and isotope compositions in both dissolved and particulate phases above and off two margins of the Indian Ocean. These observations will be completed by new measurements of TM isotope signatures induced by sediment dissolution in controlled experiments. The experimental data will be integrated into a thermodynamic model, allowing a better description of the transfer mechanisms between the sediment and dissolved pools and thus a broader application of my findings. This project is in line with the Horizon Europe programme priority “exploring and forecasting the impacts of climate change” and the GEOTRACES programme. My close involvement in the leadership and management of this project will promote me as an independent and mature career researcher in marine geochemistry. The data and science products will be open source, and I will share my knowledge via dedicated outreach actions.

Mots clés : oceanography, micronutrients, margin, sediments, trace metals, zn, cu, ni, fluxes, isotope compositions

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 195914.88 €
Projet NEOVITA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

We propose the exploration of many-body quantum physics with a new experimental platform, based on the optically levitated and cooled arrays of spherical nanoparticles with strong and controllable interactions. The recent works by the host institution demonstrated the cavity assisted cooling of a single nanoparticle to its motional quantum ground state as well as the simultaneous trapping of two nanoparticles with full control over the interactions between them. In this work we shall extend these results to the multiple particles. This will be on the one hand an important milestone towards achieving the many-body regime and on the other hand, the first observation of the cavity assisted cooling of an array of nanoparticles via coherent light scattering. The realisation of this milestone will enable us to study the system’s non-equilibrium relaxation after precise perturbation protocols. Using the natural isolation from the environment, we shall study the thermalisation of a nearly isolated few-particle quantum system. Depending on the energetic landscape, as well as on the nature and range of interactions, we expect to observe motional pre-thermalisation, or the absence of thermalisation with the onset of the Anderson localisation or the Many-Body Localisation of phonons. Finally, we shall explore the controllable non-reciprocity of the inter-particle interactions by breaking the directional symmetry of the inter-particle forces by conferring to them the direction dependent phases. Combining this with the dissipative nature of these forces, we aim at implementing a specifically tailored non-hermitian Hamiltonian describing the constant intensity waves.

Mots clés : quantum optics, cavity light matter interaction, out of equilibrium phenomena, non hermitian quantum mechanics, non reciprocity

Participants :
- Université de Vienne (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183600.96 €
Projet Q-FLIGHTS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Quantum fluids are an extraordinary category of physical systems where quantum nature reveal itself at a macroscopic level. Superconductivity, superfluidity and Bose-Einstein condensation are spectacular examples of macroscopic coherence effects in quantum fluids. Driven out-of-equilibrium, both classical and quantum fluids display turbulent behaviors. The main difference between the two is lying in the fact that quantum fluids possess an absence of viscosity, and the building blocks of turbulence phenomena, the elementary excitations named vortices, have to be quantized meaning that the phase circulation around their core has to be a multiple of 2pi. These two properties affect drastically the system's behaviors compared to the classical turbulent scenario where vortices are known to interact all together in a continuous manner and have the potential to redistribute the energy of the system at all scales. These brought the questions of how vortices are nucleating, interacting, and recombining in the quantum fluid opening the field of quantum turbulence. How the primordial fluctuations associated with the quantum nature of the system can influence the aforementioned vortex properties? Is their spreading of entanglement mediated by interactions in a turbulent superfluid leading to squeezing states? Having insights into the previous questions would allow to understand what is the main implication of the difference between quantum turbulence and classical turbulence.  In this action, we propose to investigate these questions with a superfluid of light made of semiconductor microcavities. This system allows to realize full microscopic investigation of 2D vortex spatial distributions to unveil their statistics and their interacting/nucleating properties. Furthermore, by elaborating a new time sampling nonlinear detection we will evaluate spatiotemporal correlations spreading in the system with the potential to enter the deep quantum regime of quantum fluids.

Mots clés : quantum turbulence, exciton polariton microcavities, correlation measurments

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 195914.88 €