Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CrossEDGE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Our daily lives are full of decisions for which we could take an infinite time in order to decide as accurately as possible. However, different speed and accuracy constraints, tied to the type of decisions, the decision-maker and his environment, are limiting the time allocated. How decision-makers deal with this speed-accuracy tradeoff is an important cornerstone for the sciences studying decision making such as psychology, cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence. One particularly successful proposal of formal decision-making models is to assume that decision-makers are reducing or increasing decision thresholds to adapt to the speed and accuracy constraints. But recent evidence shows that this strategy is insufficient to explain the full range of behavioral and physiological data in decision tasks. The present proposal suggests, based on new studies, that speed-accuracy tradeoff is achieved by varying the reliance on three different response strategies: guessing, immediate evidence accumulation and delayed evidence accumulation. Using an interdisciplinary approach, involving experimental psychology, mathematical psychology along with cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence, the project aims at providing a broadly applicable framework to detect, measure, and estimate the reliance on the three strategies along with the description of the psychological processes behind these. This project will train a promising cognitive psychologist and neuroscientist to apply advanced methods in a unique and fruitful research environment linking the four disciplines. It will also provide the host organisation with new tools to study latent cognitive processes in cognitive tasks. Overall, the project will constitute an innovative approach to decision making with broad applicability, likely to increase the description and predictions we can make of behavior and psychological processes involved in decision making, in conjunction with inter-individual differences.

Mots clés : model based neuroscience, decision making, artificial intelligence, mental chronometry, electrophysiology, mathematical psychology

Participants :
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet PhilDarkEnergy (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The PhilDarkEnergy project proposes that the most dominant ingredient of our universe, dark energy, undermines the widely held assumption of a strict ontological trichotomy between spacetime, matter and constants of nature. Dark energy exhibits aspects of all three categories, rather than falling neatly into exactly one category. The project will study the wide-ranging and far-reaching consequences of this blurred categorisation of dark energy for major debates in philosophy---in particular: the substantivalism-relationalism debate about the metaphysics of spacetime and matter, scientific realism vs. scientific anti-realism, and conventionalism---as well as for theory development in cosmology. This project will take place at the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands, and provide the fellow Dr. Niels Martens with additional training, skills and knowledge in the fields of philosophy of dark energy and philosophy of cosmology more broadly. This will consolidate his academic expertise, independence and networks, with the goals of providing him the skills and expertise needed for a permanent academic position in the EU and playing a leading role in developing and promoting the new field of philosophy of cosmology in the EU.

Mots clés : philosophy of cosmology, metaphysics of science, semantics of scientific concepts, naturalised metaphysics within the analytic tradition

Participants :
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet GRAPHCOSY (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Graph theory is a field with many beautiful and powerful connections to other areas of mathematics and computer science. In this project, the experienced researcher (ER), an expert in graph theory, will further explore these connections together with the experts in number theory, manifold and parameterised complexity from the host. Moreover, solving the chosen problems will improve our understanding of several famous open problems. - Graph reconstruction (WP1): does local information of the graph (e.g. subgraph counts) determine graph invariants (e.g. the number of spanning trees)? The ER will continue her excellent track record in this area with the help of the number theoretical expertise of the host. - Graph isomorphism (WP2): study small common covers of pairs of graphs, building up to the computation of a set of matrices whose spectra determine whether the graphs are isomorphic. This package carries concepts and techniques within the expertise of the supervisor to graph theory, opening up a new avenue of research. - Černý's conjecture (WP3): probabilistic and parameterised complexity aspects are studied of the question `How long is the shortest reset word in a given finite state automaton?'. This combines the expertise of the ER in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics with the expertise in parameterised complexity of the host.

Mots clés : graph reconstruction, graph polynomial, common cover, graph cospectrality, finite state automaton, reset word, parameterized complexity

Participants :
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet PoEthics (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

PoEthics investigates the role of affection in ethics, with a specific focus on two ancient Greek poets, Homer and Sophocles. Both depict moral dilemmas of evil, violence and injustice. Conflicts, such as in the stories of Achilles or Antigone, seem unavoidable in the community. On the other hand, sensible characters, like Hector, Ajax or Deianeira, overwhelmed by bad luck and compelling passions, fail to save themselves and their beloved ones. The problem vividly expressed in these literary works is how men can find a solution in such hostile situations avoiding violence, pain, sorrow, and death. Is rationality, practical reasoning, or observance of principles – whether divine or positive ones – enough? PoEthics will explore if the subtler ethical message lies in human sensitivity and bonds of affections, often symbolized by minor characters whose significance need to be re-evaluated. Bernard Williams has endorsed a moral model which takes into account the irrationality of luck and the concreteness of every single person’s desires, hopes and emotions in ethical judgments and actions. On the same path are the works by Nussbaum. Lévinas, Arendt and following feminist though, especially Cavarero and Butler, instead, put at the center of moral discourse the concept of 'shared vulnerability' and the role of the 'other'. PoEthics engages with these contemporary strands in ethics but proposes a new approach, which puts at the core of moral behaviour the role of personal affections. This novel ethical paradigm addresses concrete societal and individuals’ problems involving complex ethical issues. PoEthics’ aim will be to spread the knowledge of these ancient texts to specialistic theater and general audience. Through the fellowship I intend to enhance my expertise in reception and classical studies and to expand my knowledge in moral philosophy. At Utrecht University, my host institution, I will be working at the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies.

Mots clés : ethics, bernard williams, hermeneutics, gianni vattimo, richard rorty, greek epic, greek tragedy, homer, sophocles, ancient greek philosophy, feminist thought, adriana cavarero

Participants :
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet MAPPER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

MAPPER aims to revolutionize our understanding of 16th-century cartography by uncovering the hidden geometric knowledge embedded in historical manuscript maps. The project focuses on three key objectives: identifying geometric traces in the underdrawings of maps using advanced imaging techniques, analyzing and categorizing these traces, and exploring the transmission of practical geometric knowledge in Renaissance mapmaking. By implementing a three-phased data collection and imaging strategy, which includes Raking Light (RAK) and Multi-Light Reflectance Imaging (MLRI), the project will meticulously examine 16th-century manuscript maps housed in Dutch archives. These techniques will reveal underdrawings and geometric constructions that are invisible to the naked eye, offering new insights into the methods and tools employed by mapmakers of the period. The research will be carried out in three phases. The first phase involves identifying geometric traces through detailed imaging. The second phase focuses on analyzing and categorizing these traces, enabling a systematic understanding of the geometric principles applied. The final phase aims to place these findings within the broader context of Renaissance scientific knowledge and its dissemination across Europe. By merging material-based approaches in historical map studies with new perspectives from the history of knowledge, the project aims to challenge established practices in the conservation, digitization, and analysis of manuscript maps, while offering fresh insights into how applied geometric knowledge shaped the history of science. This fellowship will support my development as a multi-skilled scholar in Digital Geo-Humanities, with expanded expertise in studying spatial and material cultural heritage. The unique combination of technical research skills in both the history of cartography and landscape archaeology will enable me to lead and innovate the digital and spatial turns in historical and heritage sciences.

Mots clés : early modern history renaissance, 3d cartography, surveying triangulation history of knowledge

Participants :
- Université d'Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 232916.16 €
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CRiMI (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Applying cutting-edge technology like cryo-electron tomography, subtomogram averaging and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to sperm cells, I aim to uncover structural details of sperm centrioles.  As most other cells in the human body, sperm cells carry two centrioles called the proximal and the distal centriole. In the field of reproduction biology, it is widely accepted that these organelles are essential for the process of fertilization. One of their many important functions for this process is to provide centrioles for the zygote, as oocytes lose their own centrioles during maturation. Yet, the molecular mechanisms that determine their exact role in mediating fertility is not entirely understood.  Concurrently, infertility is increasing globally and so is the demand for treatment, commonly summarized as Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). The success rate of ART is, however, only between 30-40% and even lower for women older than 35. One of the underlying reasons is that in up to 60% of the cases, male infertility is idiopathic. These numbers underpin the urge of improving our understanding of sperm biology and the molecular mechanisms of fertilization. This project defines three main objectives to achieve this:  1. Resolve the ultrastructure of sperm centrioles by applying cryo-electron tomography. 2. Isolation and high-resolution structure determination of the proximal centriole by cryo-electron microscopy. 3. Comparison of the centriole ultrastructure of sperm from fertile and infertile individuals.  A comprehensive structure-function investigation in a native setting will shed light on how centrioles are embedded within the neck of sperm cells. At high resolution, proteins that are associated to the centrioles and link them to surrounding structures can be identified. Finally, these findings will improve the understanding of male infertility, the diagnosis of such and ultimately increase the success rate of in vitro fertilization treatments.

Mots clés : cryo electron microscopy, cryo electron tomography, centrioles, sperm cells, male fertility

Participants :
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet PROSCOPY (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This proposal seeks to explore the synthesis and characterization of thin film titania/ferrite Z-scheme materials, with an emphasis on elucidating the impact of morphology on charge carrier dynamics and surface active sites, thereby unraveling its influence on CO2 reduction performance in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. The kinetics of electron and hole pairs in ferrite films will be investigated through time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques, providing insights into how morphological variations affect charge carrier behavior. Surface titration methods will be employed to identify active redox sites in the Z-scheme photo(electro)catalysts. The films will be synthesized using dip coating, spray coating, and spin coating techniques, and the relationship between fabrication methods and surface electronic properties will be established. Additionally, the correlation between PEC performance, charge carrier dynamics, and surface active sites of ferrite films will be thoroughly examined. This project seeks to enhance the efficiency of CO2 photo(electro)conversion technologies by bridging critical knowledge gaps in the real-time dynamics and surface activity of Z-scheme catalytic powders and films, with a focus on their synthesis and performance. Successful outcomes could pave the way for significant advances in the renewable energy-driven production of sustainable chemicals, making a meaningful contribution to climate change mitigation efforts.

Mots clés : ferrites tio2 z schemes, time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, charge carrier dynamics, surface active sites, surface titration

Participants :
- Université d'Anvers (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 216240.0 €
- Université de Stuttgart (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Lev-Q-Engine (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

To meet the global demand for sustainable energy, new forms of clean energy sources based on heat to work conversion need to be developed. To that end, the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics aims at devising nanoscale heat engines to exploit quantum resources and represents a promising vector to industrialize quantum technologies. However, it is still a great challenge to design and control nanoscale heat engines in the quantum regime.  The proposed project employs the optomechanical platform of levitated nanoparticles to harvest thermal fluctuations in the regime where quantum effects are relevant. In particular, it will elucidate the role of inertia in thermodynamic heat engine cycles, exploit bath engineering techniques and explore the emergence of a quantum speed limit. The project combines the exquisite optomechanical control of levitated nanoparticles for fast potential change and cooling methods with optimal control theory including shortcut-to-adiabaticity techniques.  The project benefits from the experienced researcher (ER) extensive skills in stochastic thermodynamics, optomechanics and quantum optics, the supervisor track record in nano-optics, optical tweezers and stochastic thermodynamics, and the theoretical support with experts in optimal control theory, both in the classical and quantum regimes. The project will therefore offer a critically required insight towards future commercialization of more efficient, less power-consuming quantum machines.

Mots clés : stochastic thermodynamics, engines, optical tweezers, quantum thermodynamics, out of equilibrium processes

Participants :
- Université de Strasbourg (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195914.88 €
- Université de Stuttgart (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CORE-3D (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Minimally invasive diagnostic and surgical tools have become a staple in modern medical routines worldwide. Endoscopes, a few millimeters in size, are inserted directly into the organ or cavities inside the body, allowing for high precision and fewer trauma-containing procedures. So far, these minimally invasive procedures have been limited to conventional micro-optical imaging and micro-mechanical surgical routines, such as cutting and making small incisions. Ideally, any medical intervention should be capable of re-creating intact biological ultra-structure and function directly at the target site following the most relevant cytocompatible approaches. This proposal seeks to implement noninvasive methods yield to obtain safeguarded, integrated, and improved cutting-edge additive and subtractive 3D manufacturing technologies for developing a miniaturized endoscopic device for organ structure and function intravital regeneration.

Mots clés : ultracompact 3d optofluidic, intravital bioprinting, femtosecond laser ablation, nanothermometry, reactive oxygen species, 

Participants :
- Université de Stuttgart (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet BalancingACT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Balance impairment affects a large proportion of the global population, as a symptom of many neurological diseases and a consequence of advanced age. Methods to improve balance through rehabilitation or assistive devices are effective but are limited by the availability of physiotherapists or by the strength and agility of the patient. While robotic assistive devices could augment mobility, extensive training is often necessary to receive the full benefits. BalancingACT will tackle this bottleneck by investigating methods to facilitate co-adaptation of user and balance assistance, providing personalized assistance directly targeting balance outcomes. The GyBAR, a gyroscopic backpack, has improved standing and walking balance for both healthy and stroke populations, but could benefit from targeted user training. BalancingACT will address three main aspects of human-robot co-adaptation. I will first examine existing datasets from healthy and patient populations to determine which balance metrics explain differences between populations, providing a measure to gauge and optimize human-robot co-adaptation. I will then probe methods to improve motor learning for a healthy population in a challenging task, i.e., walking along a narrow beam. Exploration, driven by the individual or by the device, is a vital component of early learning. I will conduct two experiments, one to understand how self-guided exploration affects learning and one using human-in-the-loop optimization, a method to customize assistance by directly estimating the user’s response to a variety of candidate controllers, to determine the benefits of device-led exploration. This algorithm has previously elicited positive learning effects in exoskeletons and can also provide insight into the third aspect of co-adaptation: adapting the device to the user. In the long term, these results can be used to not only improve outcomes for the GyBAR but can also be generalized to other balance assistive devices.

Mots clés : rehabilitation, balance, motor learning, robotics

Participants :
- Université Érasme de Rotterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet SUPERSTITIOUS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project will investigate the history of Turkey in terms of religion, rather than Islam, to understand the roots of the normative understanding of religiosity as Sunni-Islamic. The aim is to comprehend the “Western” influence on religion and Islam in Turkey and to illuminate the history of material forms of religiosity by focusing on Hıdrellez, a religious practice that was, and still is, celebrated in a convivial manner by people of different ethnic and religious backgrounds. While recent critical approaches in global religious history and material religion aim to overcome any Eurocentrism that still persists in religious studies, the case of Turkey still remains largely unexplored. Situated at the intersection of religious studies and history, this project will break new ground by bringing together a postcolonial history of “superstition” with the historical analysis of “material religion”, and will advance global debates on how religion is discussed today through its critique of essentialist definitions of Muslim majority nations. The research objectives are: (1) to examine the role of “superstition” in the categorisation of Islam during the 1950s as a form of global entanglement between Turkey and the “West”, (2) to investigate the research on the history of religions and “superstitions” as a form of entanglement between Turkey and Germany, (3) to empirically analyse the history of the diversity of religious life by focusing on Hıdrellez, (4) to analyse the transformation of Hıdrellez from a religious practice to Intangible Cultural Heritage. SUPERSTITIOUS will generate international collaborations and foster vibrant cooperation between scientific communities, civil society representatives and citizens. In the early years of the second centenary of the Republic of Türkiye, it intends to lay the foundations for an awareness of religious pluralism and tolerance among its citizens and diaspora communities.

Mots clés : superstition, material religion, h drellez, turkey, t rkiye, intangible cultural heritage, khidr, elijah, saint george, convivial religion, shared religious culture

Participants :
- Max Weber Foundation - German Humanities Institutes Abroad (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Bayetav (Turquie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université d'Utrecht (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 254330.4 €