Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet RETORNO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Migration policies in EU countries interact with structural social determinants of health (unemployment, social/health insurance, housing provision, pension schemes), unequal social structures (gender, ethnicity, class), intermediary social determinants (working and living conditions, health and social care systems) and social cohesion/capital. Consequently, return migration’ interventions for social determinants of health (SDH) may work well in one context to reduce social health inequalities but inadequately in others. This study will develop an evidence-based context-sensitive theory of how intra-EU returned migrants’ health could be improved using the case study of return migration between the UK and Spain post-Brexit referendum. It will aim to explore how Brexit could affect health and social care services provision for returned migrants and the implications for different stakeholders (migrant NGOs, Embassies/Consulates, health and social care staff, policy makers); to classify interventions for SDH to understand for whom, under what circumstances, in what respects and why they may impact returned migrants health inequalities; to identify contextual factors and main mechanisms triggered by interventions and how these impact health outcomes, focusing on gender inequalities; and to provide a co-produced theory on how public policies may impact EU citizens after residing in other EU member states. The study will use an innovative realist synthesis methodology with nested co-production stakeholder workshops in five methodological phases: 1) Consolidate scope; 2) search for evidence; 3) appraise studies and extract data; 4) synthesize evidence and draw conclusions; 5) disseminate, implement and evaluate. Anticipated findings will provide policy makers with stronger evidence to support future national and European policies based on complex changing socio-economic realities that impact EU returned migrants’ health, while adding to migration movements´ theory.

Mots clés : return migration, interventions on social determinants of health, migration policies, health inequality

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 112466.88 €
Projet MIGRADAPT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Migratory birds have evolved exceptional adaptations: they can invert their circadian rhythms turning from diurnal to nocturnal, undergo rapid changes in body mass and fat stores, and cope with repeated cycles of fasting and feeding as they alternate between sustained migratory flights and refuelling stopovers. The genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying such remarkable adaptations remain poorly understood. Studies on small, wild-caught Passerines have unravelled several aspects of migratory physiology. However, they have not allowed to experimentally uncouple the suite of endogenous and environmental factors underlying the dynamics of the migratory state. I will circumvent such limitations by pioneering a novel experimental approach using two closely related, larger avian model species that are better suited for multi-scale investigations of proximate mechanisms and offer a direct comparison between migratory and sedentary individuals. The key goals of this post-doctoral project are to determine: (i) The physiological mechanisms associated with the activation and deactivation of the migratory state; (ii) Which genes modulate such transition via changes in their expression within key target organ tissues; (iii) Whether endocrine signals trigger the switching of the migratory state. This project will undertake a novel comparative and integrative approach to reveal completely new insights into the importance of understanding genetic and physiological pathways underlying the dynamics of the migratory state. It will also provide fruitful insights to both poultry science and biomedical research on the importance of nutrition on health and food safety.

Mots clés : avian migration, phenotypic adaptations, melatonin, ghrelin, transcriptomics

Participants :
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166156.8 €
Projet PhotSol (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mitigating climate change is one of the key challenges of this century. This concerns in particular the fossil fuel-based energy sector as also stated in the H2020 topic “Secure, clean and efficient energy”. Harnessing solar energy by photovoltaics (PV) is the most promising way towards a decarbonized society. However, efficiency and costs of conventional solar cells are still hampering their broad application. Recently a novel type of solar cell appeared based on metal-halide perovskite. Due to versatile and simple manufacturing methods, its unique optoelectronic properties and high electronic quality, this material has the potential to revolutionized PV by a unique combination of low-cost and high efficiency. However, there are still loss mechanisms present that need to be understood and eliminated to make this technology really a breakthrough compared to conventional PV. This project addresses these losses, which are caused by defects (such as grain boundaries, interfaces to contact materials, and impurities) by a combination of in-depth optoelectronic and high-resolution structural characterization. The aim is to reach a completely novel operation regime, the “photonic solar cell”, which is at the same time a perfect light emitting diode. This is highly exciting from the physics point of view and directly relevant for application, because performance is increased. Furthermore, the obtained understanding of the defect physics will enable increased long-term stability (one of the major challenges) and accelerate the development of non-toxic lead-free perovskite materials. This work is timely because trial-and-error engineering approaches, which were applied so far, have come to their limits. On the other hand, just now the quality of the ultrathin films used in the solar cell is sufficient to perform in-depth device physics studies, where I am an expert on. Performing and leading this study at LMU will pave the way towards my complete scientific independence.

Mots clés : perovskite solar cells, recombination, defect physics

Participants :
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet MERCURY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Contact sites (MERCs) are points in which the surfaces of the two organelles run in parallel. MERCs gained attention recently due to their fundamental contribution to several cell processes, such as Ca2+ and lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial fission, and apoptosis. To execute and regulate these processes, MERCs must be dynamic and react to the needs and metabolic state of the cell. Interestingly, the organelles stay separated by a narrow cleft, usually 10-50 nm apart. The width of the MERCs gap and its size (i.e. area of a membrane involved in the contacts) are the critical parameters that determine their cellular functions. Despite the literature on MERCs has grown considerably, the precise molecular structure and role of MERCs are poorly defined. In the proposed project I will investigate the regulation of MERCs plasticity by small molecule compounds. Using a high-content phenotypic screening approach, based on a FRET mitochondria-ER proximity probe, I will identify the compounds affecting MERCs structure. These bioactive hits will be validated through biochemical, confocal and electron microscopy assays. Moreover, I will search for the protein target of the hit molecule using the methodology developed during my PhD. Finally, I will evaluate the capability of the identified hit molecules to act as therapeutic lead compounds for pathological conditions by testing the identified molecules on cells with defective MERCs. Therefore, this project will open new research paths related to both MERCs structure and function. I will obtain deep knowledge of mitochondrial biology and high content screening, which will complement my current expertise obtained during PhD. Besides, I will develop transferable skills needed to successfully accomplish the proposed project. The project also brings the benefits to the European Research Area, since it builds international collaboration and transfers knowledge between two research areas/teams.

Mots clés : mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria er contact sites, inter organelle communication, compound screening, protein target identification, high content microscopy, polymer conjugates

Participants :
- University of Padua (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet MITODYN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mitochondria house hundreds of biochemical reactions involved in processes critical for the survival and homeostatic adaptation of the cell. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, which adapt their shape and network depending on the cellular needs. As mitochondria play a central and unique role in metabolism, our understanding of the complex network of interrelations between mitochondria and other organelles has crucially changed our view on the cell biology of mitochondria and a new biology and pathophysiology of this organelle are emerging. Mitochondria are in dynamic contact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and this specialized contact is essential for a number of relevant processes, including mitochondrial dynamics, lipid exchange, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis. The Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) and some of its regulators (MICU1-3, EMRE) have recently been identified as the key complex regulating mitochondrial calcium uptake with some already identified functions. The goal of this project is to define the complete interactome of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Machinery (MCUM) in different physiological conditions and to characterize the functions associated to this complex. To address these goals, an unbiased proteomic analysis will be performed, both in cellulo (human cells) and in vivo (zebrafish), to identify the interactors of the MCUM at steady state and under different cellular stresses using the BioID technic. The mechanisms involving the MCUM in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and cell migration will be unravelled using molecular and cell biology experiments coupled with the most recent advances in microscopic analysis. Finally, we will explore the relevance of these findings in the physiopathology associated to mitochondrial diseases using cell lines derived from patients harbouring a MCUM dysfunction.

Mots clés : mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial calcium uniporter, proteomics, apoptosis

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ReMix (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mixed families are both the index and agent of social change: they exemplify the increase in migration flows and provide us with an opportunity to analyse the everyday processes related to Europe’s growing pluralism. Quantitative studies demonstrate that interfaith marriages lead to higher divorce rates, suggesting that the latter are due to communication difficulties and disagreements caused by cultural differences between partners, as well as to hostility from families of origin, religious institutions and society at large. However, rather than being firmly and empirically established, these concepts remain mere assumptions and, as such, also conceal the ways in which those involved actively and reflexively deal with these dynamics to prevent damage to their relationship. Much scholarly attention has focused on couples defined as Islamic-Catholic or Muslim-Christian, which represent a paradigmatic case study of “mixedness” that typically incorporates differences pertaining to ethnicity, class and faith. The challenge of this project gives an empirically adequate exploration of a pattern firmly established in quantitative studies, i.e., that interfaith marriages give rise to high divorce rates. This project thus aims to understand, through an in-depth qualitative study, the daily life of such families: what differences are responsible for tension between spouses, how they deal with this in order to avoid damage to their relationship, and how gender interferes with these problems. Mixed marriages will be a key to examine the whole of society facing new family changes, Islam and religious diversity in everyday life. The research project addresses the EU lines of Horizon 2020, studying one of the major challenges for an “inclusive and multicultural” Europe. The fellowship will provide me with wider competence, publications and connections necessary to apply for an ERC Grant in 2019.

Mots clés : mixed marriages, christian muslim families, islam, muslims in europe, sociology of culture and religion, cultural processes

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet SamSD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modeling of formation and properties self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is a very challenging task, especially if highly functional-ligands are concerned. It is true, for instance, in the case of endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) based SAM - a promising single molecular magnet (SMM) grids in-making. Properties of such SMM grids would be a function of SAM architecture (attachment types and crowding effects) and inner-cluster dynamics under these geometrical constrains. Electronic structure complexity of EMFs and structural mobility of ligands in SAMs brings a dual issue. On the one hand, a minimal level of theory to address the magnetic properties of the systems would require “complete active space”-quality methods, yet the whole size (~10E3 atoms) of the system makes these computations hardly feasible and is limited so far to single molecules. On the other hand, while the system dynamic can be approached by less computationally demanding semiclassical or even classical approaches, such methods are unable to give a reliable magneto-physics of the SMM unit. This project will offer a solution to this problem by extensive development of the multiscale methods (MSM), in which the whole system is divided into the regions described with different levels of theory accordingly to its complexity. Developed protocols and schemes would be universals across SAM field and highly profitable for the SMM industry on a whole.

Mots clés : multiscale simulation methods, self assembled monolayers, endohedral metallofullerenes, single molecular magnet

Participants :
- Leibniz Association (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet InAndOut (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Modelling the interplay of infall, accretion, and outflows during the early phases of star and disk formation is the key to understanding the origin of planetary systems. So-called protoplanetary disks form shortly after the birth of a star, and, as ultimately revealed by recent discoveries , disks are the nurseries of planets. My project, 'InAndOut: Towards a complete understanding of young embedded discs', tackles this issue by applying novel computational tools to investigate the small-scale effects in disks, while consistently accounting for the properties provided by the protostellar environment. Adopting ten prestellar cores located in different environments of a parental filamentary Giant Molecular Cloud, I will simulate the formation and evolution of embedded disk state-of-the-art code framework DISPATCH. To account for the observed diversity of cosmic-ray ionisation rates among different prestellar cores, I will vary the cosmic ray ionisation rate in my models. To guarantee a valid comparison of my results with cutting-edge observations, I will produce synthetic observations with the radiative transfer code POLARIS. Synthetic maps of dust polarisation can be used to get a better understanding of the magnetic field structure on scales beyond the disk. Anticipating first ALMA results of circular polarisation due to Zeeman splitting in young disks in the near future, it is timely to provide synthetic maps of circular polarisation, as they can tell us about the magnetic field strength in disks. Following the trajectory of the dust and gas particles in embedded disks from infall, through the disk to outflows will allow me to study, whether dust and gas can return into the disk after being ejected by a wind. Finding an answer to this question has important implications for our understanding of the origin of our solar system. Moreover, I will identify chemical tracers for the kinematics such as infall and outflow involved in the embedded disk phase.


Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 246669.12 €
- University of Virginia (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet OCNANO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Modern agriculture is dominated by crops noticeable for intense food supply leaving behind a class of neglected or orphan crops. Relatively poorly studied orphan crops have the potential to diversify the human diet, increase agricultural food productivity levels and enable more sustainable and resilient agro- and horti-food systems. Here, we focus on two such crops-Piper nigrum (black pepper) the most important spice traded internationally and Piper colubrinum, a wild relative of black pepper introduced from Brazil, which is the only known source of resistance to diseases such as foot rot or quick wilt caused by an Oomycete Phytophthora capsici. Negligible genome sequence data exists for either species. Although agricultural practices for making P. nigrum resistant to this Oomycete by interspecific hybridization with P.colubrinum are well known, no effective strategies have been generated yet. The exact reason behind the resistance of P.colubrinum is not yet understood, thus leaving open a fertile area of investigation.With this background, OCNANO aims to reveal the basis of pathogen resistance that distinguish resistant from susceptible species of Piper. We will employ Oxford nanopore MinION technology to address this issue with three specific objectives:(1) Annotate the transcriptomes of P.nigrum and P. colubrinum; (2) Identify pathogen gene expression during infection using a capture array; (3) Comparative analysis of P. nigrum and P. colubrinum gene expression during infection. Innovative strategies like nanopore in combination with other sequencing approaches can transform annotation and enable the richest understanding of gene expression during pathogen attack. Research progressing towards the rescue of such orphan crops from their environmental stresses, by applying leading edge technologies, can further enhance crop productivity, food security, knowledge based economy and society and contribute to the achievement of several UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Mots clés : rna seq, nanopore, piper, rna methylation, polyadenylation, phytophthora capsici

Participants :
- University of Dundee (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet BriFace (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modernisation of our deficient transportation networks and in particular bridges is a pressing requirement imposed by the growing EU economy, vital to societal coherence and safety. Frequent retrofitting solutions include the use of versatile Fiber Reinforced Polymers systems (FRPs), which have been proven to enhance the capacity and deflections of bridges. Nevertheless, it is surprising that only a few, if any, research results are available with regard to the efficiency and appropriateness of FRP systems used on bridge retrofitting schemes, whilst international design guidelines neglect the level of integration of the measures with the existing bridge components. In practice, and especially in bridge decks were deterioration is expected, there is a number of limitations that reduce the level of integration of the FRP system with the bridge. This gave the BriFace project a strong motivation to utilise Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) techniques to assess the efficiency of the strengthening measure and quantify those, for the first time in the international literature, with the Interface Efficiency Indices (InterFeis), by measuring reliably the interface deflections and strains and by taking into account the failure modes and the limit stress states of bridge components. The novel objectives of BriFace are: 1) To define the Interface Efficiency Indices, 2) To utilize an expedient, long-distant inspection method of guided waves for the first time in bridge inspection, 3) To increase the interface efficiency by chemical means potentially by using nanoparticles and 4) To use InterFeis as a reliable indicator toward the quantification of the redundancy of the retrofitted bridge, as a means to assess its capacity and thus its resilience. The research outcomes will also benefit stakeholders and fuel bridge design guidelines and align them with the EU strategy on infrastructural safety and resilience.

Mots clés : frp strengthening systems, interfaces, concrete bridge decks, guided waves, structural health monitoring, nanoparticles, resilience

Participants :
- University of Surrey (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €