Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MIMESIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Industrial Doctorates
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The five partners EFD (Norway), SSAB, Outokumpu, and University of Oulu (Finland), and WIAS (Germany) propose an EID programme on Mathematics and Materials Science for Steel Production and Manufacturing, where eight PhD projects are jointly carried out, providing a unique interdisciplinary and inter-sectorial training opportunity. The research is focussed on three major topics - induction heating, phase transformations in steel alloys, ladle stirring. Two theses concern hardening: one is the hardening of helical and bevel gears by an optimized single or multi-frequency approach and the other is a novel idea about the hardening of the inner surface of pipes. Two of the theses are related to induction heating applications in the production of high-frequency welded pipes and for pre- and post-heating in the thermal cutting of steel plates. Two theses are concerned with phase transformations during steel production and the final two theses are related to secondary metallurgy in the ladle, optimal alloying strategies and an inverse problem related to stirring efficiency. Despite the fact that most theses projects deal with established processes, they are not fully understood nor fully controllable from a quality point of view. Improved and optimized process control requires quantitative mathematical modelling, simulation and optimization of the complex thermal cycles and thermal gradients experienced by the processed material. Such models require an understanding of the behaviour of the materials from a materials science and phase transformations perspective. Tailored industrial on-site trainings, customized courses in physical modelling and testing of steels as well as numerical simulation of induction heating and flow phenomena combined with scientific research in carefully selected topics on the interface of materials science and applied mathematics will provide the early stage researchers with excellent qualifications to pursue a career in academia or industry.

Mots clés : mathematics, material science, induction hardening, induction welding, gradient wear, materials, multi field problems, optimal control

Participants :
- Outokumpu stainless oy (Finlande) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Ssab europe oy (Finlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 269145.36 €
- Technische Universität Berlin (Allemagne) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Oulu (Finlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 807436.08 €
- EFD Induction (Norway) (Norvège) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 286275.24 €
- Forschungsverbund Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 747649.44 €
Projet GOKNOT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The folding of knotted proteins is a challenging research topic of great biophysical interest. In this field, computer simulations have greatly contributed to advance our comprehension of the mechanisms that allow a polypeptide to form a knot during the folding. However, due to limitations in methods and resources, the state-of-the-art picture on the process is still incomplete, and mostly limited to the simplest nontrivial topology, the trefoil knot. In this Action I will investigate the folding of human Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase, whose backbone forms a Gordian knot with five crossings. I will make use of a multi-scale Molecular Dynamics strategy that combines coarse grained and all-atom models with enhanced sampling. Using a coarse grained model I will outline a general picture of the folding, devising the preferential pathways and intermediate states. Then, building on this knowledge, I will employ a full-atom representation of the system, targeting the calculations in the most relevant region of the protein's free energy landscape. The effect of an explicit solvent description will be considered as well. The computational time limitations will be lifted by enhancing the sampling through the use of Metadynamics and Variationally Enhanced Sampling. The Action relies on my experience in enhanced sampling methods, that will be complemented by the training and expertise provided by the host institution, a leading center in coarse-grained modeling of bio-polymers and soft matter. In the course of the action I will establish two key collaborations, providing further expertise for the success of my simulations, and allowing the validation of my theoretical model with experiments. The output of the project will generalize the current picture on knotted protein folding, introducing important methodological advancements, and contributing to the knowledge on a system of great biomedical interest, connected to diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

Mots clés : knotted protein folding, polymer topology, coarse grained molecular modeling, enhanced sampling, macromolecules

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet preSMAcog (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The function of white matter networks of the human brain is a key inquiry of contemporary neuroscience. Initial observations suggest that damage to the white matter system connecting the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas ((pre)SMA) with frontal cortices and caudate nuclei may impair both language and cognition. However, it is unclear which exact cognitive mechanisms are compromised and if specific projections of this network obey to a division of labor. Providing this knowledge is of the utmost importance for a variety of neurological populations, but especially for Huntington´s Disease (HD) - a rare genetic disease that represents a neurodegeneration model, with alterations in both (pre)SMA system and language/cognitive difficulties. PreSMAcog proposes a multidisciplinary, precise description of the (pre)SMA system. To achieve this, I will (1) provide a neuroanatomical characterization of the system using structural neuroimaging techniques (diffusion tensor imaging) and laboratory dissections in both HD and healthy individuals, (2) explore the links between structural properties of the (pre)SMA system and cognition and (3) design a sensitive tele-assessment of language and cognition in HD. I will conduct this research in Barcelona joining a team of ultimate experts in neuroimaging and language/cognitive neuroscience with long-standing experience in HD research. Furthermore, I will implement, for the first time in HD, an innovative brain connectivity mapping technique supervised by its pioneer (secondment in Oxford). PreSMAcog will enhance my current expertise leading me towards independence in multidisciplinary neuroscience research and academic leadership. The synergy between four major disciplines of neuroscience (neuroanatomy, language/cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, and neuropsychology) and between two excellent academic centers will allow to precisely describe the (pre)SMA system and to understand its role in cognition in health and HD.

Mots clés : neuroanatomy, cognitive control, huntington s disease, tele neurology, supplementary motor area, pre supplementary motor area, brain white matter

Participants :
- University of Barcelona (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet IDRAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

The macrocyclic lactones such as ivermectin are the cornerstone for the treatment of key nematode infections of livestock, crops and man. Resistance to many of these broad-spectrum anthelmintics is becoming commonplace, while new classes of active compounds are increasingly difficult to find, threatening food supplies and public heatlh worldwide. The exact molecular and biochemical mechanisms of resistance, particularly to the widely used macrocyclic lactone class, are still poorly understood, impeding the development of efficient strategies to control drug resistance. I hypothesize that the amphidial sensory organs of nematodes are the major route of macrocyclic lactone drug uptake and that mutations in this uptake mechanism represents the primary source of drug resistance. In the first phase of the project, I will develop laboratory methods for testing amphid function in two parasitic nematodes of veterinary significance, the trichostrongyles Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta. These techniques will be applied on drug resistant and sensitive isolates to evaluate the role of amphids in ivermectin uptake. In the second phase, I will use the C. elegans model to generate mutants resistant to three major classes of anthelmintic drugs, ivermectin, the benzimidazole albendazole and the imidazothiazole levamisole. I will then apply genomic tools to identify alleles responsible of this multi-drug resistance phenotype. This project aims to understand the link between amphid defects, anthelmintic drug uptake, and development of resistance, and will generate a thorough knowledge of this unexplored and apparently widespread resistance mechanism in nematodes. These results will also pave the way to the implementation of a fast and reliable measurement of drug resistance in the field. On the whole, the project will bring a direct contribution to current veterinary and public health challenges by suggesting new strategies to limit the emergence of drug resistance.

Mots clés : anthelmintic resistance, ivermectin, nematodes, drug uptake, amphids, macrocyclic lactones, mulit drug resistance, trichostrongyle nematodes

Participants :
- University of Glasgow (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet AEROSIMULAT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The main goal of this project is to perform efficient and accurate simulations of the turbulent compressible flow and generated noise on the new high-speed gas turbines at operation conditions, with the aim of supporting engineers in the design of efficient engines and effective noise reduction solutions. The main difficulty is to correctly simulate, in an acceptable wall- clock time, high Reynolds and high Mach numbers turbulent flows with important regions of separation and the different length scales and amplitudes among the acoustic and the flow fields. In this project we propose to tackle these problems by introducing high-order Galerkin methods and a skin friction boundary condition technique extended to compressible flows. Both techniques demonstrated impressive performance results on a different context. Given the fellow’s expertise in compressible flows, and her Third Country host’s expertise in high-order Galerkin methods, we are in a unique position to advance in the solution of this problem. A high performance computing simulation tool developed at the host institution will be used and developed as open source within this project. To go one step further within this interdisciplinary subject, we will establish a close collaboration with CTA, a company in the host country specialized in testing aerospace materials, where the fellow will spend one month of research. During this visit, the simulation results of their turbine prototypes will be analyzed and will be validated against their experimental data. The fellow will extend her network in the scientific and industrial communities. She will gain new managerial skills and a scientific maturity that will open her doors to obtain a strong research position in Europe. The host and the Third Country host supervisors will also benefit from the advances of this promising collaboration. The obtained results are expected to lead to further research and enhance the prospects of new projects.

Mots clés : computational fluid dynamics, aerodynamics simulation, aeroacoustics simulation, compressible turbulent flow, high order galerkin methods, high speed gas turbines, high performance computing

Participants :
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 245732.16 €
- New Jersey Institute of Technology (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet HYADES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The main goal of this project is to understand deep-sea prokaryotic activity and metabolism under in situ hydrostatic pressure and reveal the contribution of piezophilic prokaryotes to the total prokaryotic community in the dark ocean. In the project, deep-sea prokaryotes will be incubated under in situ hydrostatic pressure with an in situ microbial incubator (ISMI) which has been developed in the lab of the applicant’s PhD supervisor in Japan. The ISMI, as the name suggests, is an instrument to incubate deep-sea biota at the depth of sampling and hence, without change of the hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Deep-sea prokaryotes will also be incubated under atmospheric pressure at otherwise identical conditions as a control, thus, this approach will reveal the impact of hydrostatic pressure on prokaryotic activity. Consequently, we will obtain information on the phylogeny and metabolism of piezophilic and piezotolerant prokaryotic populations in the dark ocean. The ISMI will be deployed during two long (ca. 1 month) research cruises, and a short (a week) cruise in the project. Prokaryotic heterotrophic and autotrophic production under in situ hydrostatic pressure will be measured, and piezophilic, piezotolerant, and piezosensitive prokaryotes will be studied with microautoradiography combined with catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (MICRO-CARD-FISH) and omics approaches. Measuring metabolic activity of deep-sea microbes under in situ pressure conditions represents a major endeavor, and it remains unknown how large the fraction of piezophilic and piezotolerant prokaryotes in the deep ocean really is. The project has the potential to provide an answer to the question of the metabolic activity of microbes under in situ pressure conditions in the global ocean.

Mots clés : deep sea, hydrostatic pressure, in situ microbial incubator, piezophiles, prokaryotic heterotrophic production, chemolithoautrophic production, carbon budget, micro card fish, omics approach

Participants :
- University of Vienna (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178156.8 €
Projet LORENZLIDAR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The main goal of this research is to develop an objective methodology for monitoring forest structural complexity by airborne laser scanning (ALS) remote sensing. Most European countries are currently acquiring low-density national ALS data, by scanning with LiDAR sensors onboard airborne platforms, in the process to obtain full-country coverage and making it publicly available. These datasets are taken in relatively homogeneous conditions, therefore providing with a chance to develop Pan-European indicators and automated unsupervised methods not requiring field data. With the intention of producing a methodology that could be replicated in practice by any forest practitioner, publicly available ALS data from national land surveys of Member States will be used, and unsupervised methods not requiring field data will be developed. The laser partly penetrates the forest canopy, therefore providing an opportunity to study the establishment of natural regeneration in the understory layers. The analysis will be based on the study of the Lorenz curve, a method for which the applicant has obtained promising preliminary results and which the present proposal plans to generalize for more forest ecosystem types and low-density National laser datasets. The diameter distributions will be evaluated with regard to their agreement to metabolic ecology and demographic equilibrium theories. The development of a mathematical framework linking Lorenz ordering to diameter-density scaling relationships will provide with a method for authomated ecological evaluation of forests by means of ALS remote sensing. In practice this means that competition and forest disturbance conditions are different at different forest areas, and we suggest that the Lorenz method for ALS can provide indicators for these conditions. The application will be on a replicable method for forest stratification into structural types from ALS data acquired in national programmes.

Mots clés : lidar, airborne laser scanning, forest structure, size density scaling, probability distribution functions, metabolic scaling theory, demographic equilibrium theory

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet FR and ENG Petrarch (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The main objective of the project is to offer a comparative study of early modern translations of Petrarch’s Canzoniere in English and French, as well as examining their impact on their respective ‘translation traditions’. First, I aim to clarify the features of European Petrarchism by focussing on its translational origins in two of the most influential European languages and cultures of the time (besides Italian). My second goal is to establish, from a comparative perspective, the place of Petrarch’s Canzoniere in the ‘culture of translation’ of early modern British Isles and France, in other words, all the modes and conceptions of translation in these linguistic spaces. My third objective is to identify the impact of early modern ‘translational imaginaries’ of Petrarch’s Canzoniere (that is to say, conceptions and representations of Petrarchan poetry in translated texts) in subsequent centuries, thus tracing their ramifications in these two interlinked literary cultures. The University of Montreal (UdeM) is the ideal environment to achieve this ambitious outcome and to improve my skills in translations studies during the first two years of the Fellowship. My supervisor Prof. Marie-Alice Belle, and the research team directed by her, ‘Trajectories of Translation in Early Modern Britain, 1473-1660: Routes, Mediations, Networks’, will provide me with crucial expertise in the study of paratexual materials and cultural networks involved in translation exchanges between France and the British Isles. During the last year, Prof. Venturi, in collaboration with his interdisciplinary research group ‘Textual Traditions and Communities in Early Modern Europe’ at the University of Oslo (UiO), will bring his philological expertise to the project and, under his supervision, I will be able to explore other aspects of the European reception and interpretation of the Canzoniere, including the commentary traditions and circulations of editions with paratexts.

Mots clés : translation history, translation studies, reception studies, petrarch, petrarchism, commentary tradition, translation tradition, french literature, english literature, italian literature, medievalism

Participants :
- University of Oslo (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 253110.72 €
- Université de Montréal (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet POSTBREXIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The main objective of the research is to conduct a pilot study in UK aimed at investigating the phenomenon of populism after the Brexit referendum, explaining how the intra-party democracy and deliberation can defuse its growth. In that respect, the research will consist of two distinct steps: 1) to analyse the media coverage after the Brexit referendum in order to identify populist issues; 2) to observe how party members elaborate these populist issues. As to the first step, analysis of media coverage, I will examine the interpretative frames that politicians, journalists and observers relied upon within the public debate. In particular, I will focus on the news about Brexit in a populist perspective and on its relevance after referendum in the public debate. As regards the second step, particular attention will be paid to the party members in order to examine how they elaborate 'populist' issues in a deliberative process. The importance of the study lies in the originality of the object under analysis. UK is an ideal case study for understanding the adaptation of populism in the European context and analyzing whether and how the intra-party democracy are able to counter the rise of phenomenon. The study has the potential to be expanded nationwide or into a comparative cross-country research. In fact, the research results will be used to analyse the next elections to European Parliament, understanding which policy “mechanisms” are able to contain populism impact on the European institutions.

Mots clés : populism, intraparty democracy, primary elections, brexit, media coverage

Participants :
- University of Sussex (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 319400.64 €