Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet EDYSC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The EDYSC project aims to establish the foundations of a theory of out-of-equilibrium dynamics of spatially confined waves. To this end, the project will use the Wave Turbulence theory as a reference point, which is well-established for the description of out-of-equilibrium dynamics of weakly interacting (unconfined) waves. The research program will study how spatial confinement affects some of the most characteristic processes of Wave Turbulence such as propagation of chaos, thermalization, or energy transfer. It will be done by considering the influence of the discrete nature of resonances between waves (characteristic of spatially confined systems) on these processes. This study will characterize the principles that a theory of out-of-equilibrium spatially confined waves must follow. This proposal lies in the interphase between various areas of nonlinear physics and mathematics, having an interdisciplinary interest, both theoretically and experimentally. The effects of discrete resonances on the dynamics of confined systems have been observed in disparate topics, such as nonlinear optics, Bose-Einstein condensates, gravity waves, general relativity, etc. These effects range from preventions of thermalization in light propagation in optical fibers to even the formation of arbitrarily small black holes. This wide range of applicability will be used to build synergies between the theoretical results of the project and experiments conducted by other groups.  The methodology uses a hybrid approach, based on numerical methods to get insight into the heart of the problems followed by its analytic description. To this end, the project will study a family of spatially confined systems with excellent analytic properties, the so-called highly resonant Hamiltonian systems. These systems have an outstanding structure of resonances which is huge, trivial to calculate, and the most organized. They are very convenient to study effects associated with discrete resonances.

Mots clés : hamiltonian systems, resonances, nonlinear waves, spatial confinement, out of equilibrium dynamics, non equilibrium dynamics, wave turbulence, mathematical physics

Participants :
- Université de Bourgogne (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet DesertFlux (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

When languages come into contact, they can undergo periods of rapid and profound change. However, our scientific understanding of how this unfolds is heavily skewed towards a non-representative modern context: global languages (like English) rapidly supplanting or restructuring minority languages. For much of human history however, language change was likely characterized by frequent language contact between generally related languages spoken in small-scale, multilingual communities. It remains unclear whether language change in these largely undocumented contexts mirrors or differs from the better documented, but less representative, cases involving global languages. Critically, our opportunities to document how languages change in such contexts are disappearing due to the damaging effects of colonization and globalization upon the relevant communities. DesertFlux responds to this urgency by capitalizing on the recent uncovering of audio records spanning 40 years of language change among varieties of the Kukatja language, spoken in a multilingual contact situation in the Western Desert region of Australia. In collaboration with the Kukatja community, DesertFlux will examine the evolution of the Kukatja language in this critical sociolinguistic context by targeting a core domain of language structure—argument-encoding bound pronouns—a domain in which we would expect to see a pattern of simplification but one in which preliminary study has revealed variation and even complexification. DesertFlux will innovatively apply sociovariationist techniques, hitherto used on varieties of major languages, to reveal who was changing their speech and when. The results of DesertFlux will not only fill a gap in our understanding of how language change unfolds in a context more representative of human history but will also provide the Kukatja community with the first record of their changing language along with targeted material for supporting ongoing language maintenance efforts.

Mots clés : language change, language contact, variationist linguistics, australian aboriginal languages, 

Participants :
- Université de Surrey (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260347.92 €
Projet MICFIB (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Liver fibrosis is increasing in prevalence in many Western populations (mainly due to alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) and has a major burden on care provision as to date there is no specific intervention to reverse fibrosis. One of the factors that could regulate liver fibrosis is the intestinal microbiome, as various microbial derived compounds reach the liver through the portal vein and act on the liver cells including stellate and Kupffer cells, the main drivers of liver fibrosis. My hypothesis is that the hepatic stellate cells phenotype could be driven by the microbiome and microbial derived metabolites. The key objective is to gain comprehensive understanding on how the microbiome modifies liver homoeostasis and contribute to liver fibrosis development using analysis of the network perturbation in disease, coupled with microbiome experimental techniques. To achieve this, I plan to answer three main questions: 1) which microbiome states and microbiome derived metabolite modulate fibrosis; 2) how does these microbiome states and metabolites changes the hepatic stellate cells phenotype at a cellular and spatial level; 3) which are the mechanisms by which the microbiome modulates liver fibrosis. This will allow characterizing in depth and dissecting the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis and the contribution of microbiome and microbial associated products. Furthermore, identification of potential factors affecting the course of the disease may lead to potential assisting therapies involving the microbiome and at term leading to an improvement in the prognostic and management of patients with liver fibrosis. The Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship is an important point in my career because it will allow me to ask relevant and innovative questions about host–microbe interactions, learn new approaches and transition from being a physician to an early career physician-scientist and a research group leader.

Mots clés : fibrosis, microbiome, liver

Participants :
- Institut Weizmann (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184698.24 €
Projet SUMOMyePath (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

SUMOMyePath: a New Pathway to Wrestle Demyelinating diseases. (Re)myelination is the process by which Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs) migrate and differentiate and mature into myelin generating Oligodendrocytes (OLs). Understanding this process is key to cure demyelinating disorders of which, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is the most prevalent, affecting 2.8 million individuals worldwide and specially women (69%). SUMOylation is a post-translational modification mainly studied in neurons within the central nervous system, however its pathway’s role in oligodendroglia and its relation with myelin (patho)physiology remains to be investigated. Thus, it is an exciting field to explore and SUMOMyePath will address this challenge by synergizing the applicant’s experience in SUMOylation and myelin biology and the expertise of 1) the host group´s (UniTo) in OPCs biology and 2) the secondment group´s (Ubx) in state-of-art live-imaging of OL lineage cells, opening novel avenues of research and, as consequence, new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Mots clés : myelin sumoylation oligodendrocites opcs demyelinating diseases multiple sclerosis remyelination sumo pathway sox10

Participants :
- Université de Bordeaux (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
Projet Medi_Zawiya (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal aims to approach the social, political and architectural dimension of the zawiya. This is to say an Islamic institution linked to Sufism that has largely determined the religious life of the Islamic West since the Middle Ages. However, its study has not been sufficiently developed so far and it has only been approached on a few occasions from stagnant perspectives, which has limited the potential to advance in the knowledge of the medieval Muslim society. In this respect, after some previous attempts, I have observed two relevant issues that require special attention. On the one hand, the concept of zawiya, unlike other institutions, has undergone an evolution throughout history and its current meaning cannot be extrapolated to past times. On the other hand, it seems to me that there is no single idea of zawiya and thereby we can reckon at least two different types that coexisted in the same space-time and whose purposes differ significantly from each other due to their sponsor (ruler/shaykh). Nevertheless, there are several inconveniences that may have limited the visibility of both issues up to now, representing thus a research challenge. In the first place, the semantic permeability of the term zawiya; secondly, the disappearance of the oldest examples; thirdly, the lack of coordination between documentary and material sources; and, finally, the absence of accurate planimetric documentation. In short, this project suggests an interdisciplinary study on a group of examples that have been strategically selected to shed light on the above questions. To this end, after an in-depth architectural survey, various types of analysis and a confrontation with similar models and phenomena in the Middle East will be implemented. As host institutions, the UCM (Spain), the INSAP (Morocco) and the OUI (Israel) will provide an excellent framework. Likewise, it is expected a positive impact on the future conservation of some zawiyas of great historical-artistic value


Participants :
- Université complutense de Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165312.96 €
- Institut national des sciences de l'archéologie et du patrimoine (Maroc) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université ouverte d'Israël (Israël) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet TOPRA-B (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Apis mellifera L. (HB) is the most influential pollinator in the world. HB colony decline worldwide has been associated to multiple stressors. The EFSA recently devised an integrated framework focused on developing a holistic approach to the risk assessments (RA) of multiple stressors on HB. It requests research data on the influence of genetic diversity on toxicological sensitivity at subspecies (SBP) level. HB is the model organism for RA studies, and there are at least 24 SBP described. Surprisingly, RA require no distinction among them. TOPRA-B will push the known boundaries of RA, by examining for the first time the genetic background of HB. Using 3 SBP and SNP markers, TOPRA-B will perform an innovative study connecting the genetic diversity in the cytochrome P450 to the pesticides and pathogens exposure in HBs. WP1 entails the application of bioinformatic tools on over 176 whole genome sequences owned by the host institution. WP2 will consists of designing the reduced assay from the list of SNPs generated in WP1. WP3 will consist of laboratory-based bioassays of exposure of bees to pesticides and pathogens, and by employing the link between genotypes to the phenotypic responses. The WPs will help solve four of the nine data gaps raised by the current RA, addressing the results for the EFSA’s policymakers. TOPRA-B brings a strong interdisciplinary, intersectoral and international framework. Since it will deal with the principal model organism of RA, the magnitude of this innovative technology and approach will be available worldwide with a high potential of being adopted for universal RA schemes. The importance of the results consists of the optimization of the current and future RA, and the efficiency in genotyping large sample sizes. TOPRA-B will be committed to the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda, lined with Sustainable Development Goals and European Green Deal.

Mots clés : pesticide risk assessment, pollinators, bee health, multiple stressors, honeybee genetic diversity, pesticides, pathogens, ecotoxicology, snp markers, detoxification, cytochrome p450

Participants :
- Institut polytechnique de Bragance (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172618.56 €
- Instituto regional de investigacion y desarrollo agroalimentario y forestal de castilla-la mancha (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Turin (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet GR-PLUTO (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Magnetic fields shape the dynamics of relativistic plasmas that orbit around astrophysical black holes (BHs), as observed in current general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models. A primary example is magnetic reconnection, i.e. the rearrangement of the structure of magnetic field lines, which converts magnetic energy into kinetic and thermal energy and accelerates particles to relativistic velocities, thus producing the high-energy non-thermal radiation observed from accreting compact objects. Despite the importance of small-scale instabilities in determining the properties of magnetic dissipation and particle acceleration, global simulations of relativistic accretion disks usually consider either infinitely conducting fluid or one with a constant finite magnetic dissipation, which doesn't capture the collisionless nature of astrophysical plasmas. The goal of the GR-PLUTO project is to perform the first GRMHD numerical study on reconnection in relativistic disks using an effective non-constant resistivity, which will go beyond standard fluid models by introducing new non-collisional effects in global GRMHD simulations. This approach will test our current knowledge of relativistic magnetic reconnection and provide more consistent estimates for the rate at which particles can be accelerated, along with the general structure of magnetized accretion flows around BHs where this process occurs. As the simulations required to quantify the improvements w.r.t. state-of-the-art relativistic MHD reconnection and GRMHD accretion flow models have a high computational cost, the action will include the development of a numerical tool for the modeling of GRMHD flows based on the public PLUTO code. In collaboration with the hosting group at UniTo, the action will produce a new code that will combine the benefits of highly accurate numerical schemes with energy-efficient HPC methods, which will continue to be freely accessible by the public.

Mots clés : magnetohydrodynamics magnetic reconnection plasma physics accretion disks general relativity black holes numerical methods for astrophysics gpus high performance computing

Participants :
- Université de Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
Projet EduCanon (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project aims to provide valuable insights into early Chinese literacy and education, contributing to interdisciplinary studies while offering a unique perspective on the role of linguistic and phonological devices in knowledge acquisition and transmission in early China. The proposed research focuses on literacy during the transition from the Warring States to the Han period (481 BCE–220 CE). It investigates the complexities of early Classical Chinese, which served as a lingua franca among intellectuals and was utilised by scribes, officials, and scholars. It revisits overlooked aspects of Early China, such as childhood education and practises of literacy acquisition, shedding light on the interplay between education, societal structure, and literary canon. The project uncovers pedagogical methodologies employed during the transformative Han dynasty period, elucidating strategies in literacy acquisition through the analysis of selected texts, including lexicographies, Classics, and historical records. It adopts a cutting-edge interdisciplinary approach, synthesizing insights from phonology, rhetoric, educational theories, philology, history, and linguistics. By combining close reading with digital sinological tools to analyse texts, this project aims to identify recurring themes and underlying structural patterns in texts that were used as educational materials. The project studies the significance of sounds, pronunciation, and recitation in early Chinese literacy practises, contributing to our understanding of how cultural prominence influenced knowledge transmission. It further explores how alliterations, rhymes, and rhetorical devices were systematically employed to enhance the teaching and learning of reading and writing skills. It also acknowledges the gender dimension, examining historical gender bias in classical Chinese sources and evolving roles of education for genders in early China.

Mots clés : early china, chinese studies, sinology

Participants :
- Université de Tallinn (Estonie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 151901.76 €
Projet LOMUS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Participation in music-making has shown to produce cognitive and behavioural benefits, enhance social participation, and contribute to shaping both individual and collective identity. However, access to music-making is reserved for people who possess some level of specialised musical training. LOMUS aims at developing a pioneering method that uses easy-to-use Calabrian sounding objects as a tool for facilitating non-trained individuals' participation in music-making: it unlinks music-production abilities from specialised instrumental training to enable non-musicians to make music without requiring mastery of an instrument, of specific musical idioms and techniques. By combining ethnomusicology, contemporary music and community music studies, LOMUS provides a sophisticated understanding of a local sonic practice and investigates how this could inform the emergence of a new global practice for music-making that challenges public conceptions of musicality and of a musician. The research will: study the Calabrian sounding objects to understand how they contribute to shaping the musicality of the community and how they could contribute to creating new types of musicality; investigate contemporary music practices and strategies that can be used to include non-trained individuals in music-making; develop a new method that uses Calabrian sounding objects and contemporary music strategies to enable amateurs and non-trained individuals to make music. The resulting method will be relevant to different rural or urban communities and it can be used to explore elements of a community’s soundscape as an inclusive tool for music-making. LOMUS challenges established concepts and practices around music and musicality, promotes social innovation by initiating new ways of relating with others and the environment through sound, and extends the personal and social benefits of music-making to everybody.

Mots clés : musicality, acoustemology, contemporary music, community music, musical engagement, phenomenology of sound, ethnomusicology, composition, psychology of music, amateurs

Participants :
- Université de Calabre (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
- Université d'Édimbourg (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Syn-to-Sum (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors, play a critical role in synaptic plasticity and are linked to various neurological disorders. Recent advancements in genetic sequencing have identified numerous variants in the GRIN2A gene, encoding the NMDAR receptor subunit GluN2A, to be associated with severe clinical outcomes, including intellectual disability, epileptic encephalopathy, speech and language impairments, and psychiatric illness. Yet, the specific mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology in these conditions remains elusive. Effective neuronal communication hinges on the precise coordination of synaptic signals. Conventionally, it is believed that the slow decay of NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), is crucial for temporal summation and synaptic integration. However, my preliminary evidence from a Grin2a-depleted rat model challenges this view, suggesting that NMDA receptors do not contribute to the excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSPs) of hippocampal pyramidal cells under physiological conditions. As such, this project seeks to further explore the impact of GluN2A depletion on temporal summation in inhibitory hippocampal cell populations. I will combine advanced electrophysiological techniques with ex vivo calcium imaging to assess how channel kinetics influence neuronal function, circuit plasticity and hippocampal network dynamics. Through this research, I aim to deepen our understanding of synaptic function, NMDA receptor physiology and the role of GluN2 subunit-conferred kinetics in neuronal computation and the sculpting of hippocampal network dynamics. By improving our understanding of how GRIN2A variants induce synaptic and network dysfunction, this research aims to provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of GRIN2A-associated disorders and identify novel targets for future development of targeted therapeutic interventions to improve the quality of life for affected individuals.

Mots clés : electrophysiology, nmda receptor, synaptic integration

Participants :
- Université d'Édimbourg (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260347.92 €