Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ClaVa (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This is a resubmission of proposal number 898845 submitted to MSCA-IF-2019 and not funded. The main objective of this project is to study clausal-form systems for real and rational-valued events, facing the questions of their general definition, usage and solvable problems (SAT and optimality) from the point of view of their complexity, algorithmic design and applicability. It is focused on studying in full generality the definition of clausal form in non-classical logics for their use in vague knowledge representation. At the most general level, it is planned to reach a the definition based on n-ary- level subsets of literals and using symmetric term-definable operations of arbitrary arity to combine each level, over Mathematical Fuzzy Logics and over some other Substructural Logics. In the first family of logics, vague concepts with inverse (tall-short, hot-cold, etc), truth stressers and comparaisons (more, much more, etc) can be modeled naturally. On the other hand, substructural logics allow to model non-linearly ordered notions (eg. situations that cannot be considered better or worse between them), and non-integral algebras for combination of knowledge (i.e., with an operation * such that x*y > x for some y). We plan to 1) introduce definitions of general clausal forms over the above logical systems, study their possible equivalences and their logical properties (axiomatization of fragments, admissible rules, etc); 2) study real-world vague notions to be modeled using some of the previous forms and of the above logics; 3) design and test efficient solving procedures for three natural questions: SAT (evaluation sending the clause to 1), Max-SAT (evaluation maximizing the number of satisfied clauses) and optimality with respect to an objective (evaluation maximizing/minimizing the clause) 4) do a complexity classification of the clausal forms, and study their normality (i.e., if any formula is equivalent to one in the desired form for the problems above).

Mots clés : vague knowledge representation, complexity theory, mathematical fuzzy logic

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet SOLISYNTH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project (SOLISYNTH) aims to utilize the novel crystalline microresonator optical frequency comb to synthesize ultra-stable microwaves. The microresonator comb will operate in the state of temporal dissipative soliton and an ultra-stable Fabry-Perot cavity will be used as a reference for the comb to lock to. By using direct optical division with the comb, this work could offer a new approach to synthesize low-phase-noise microwaves in a compact form factor, which could have applications in Radar, timing and telecommunications to radio astronomy. In addition, this project seeks to generate mid-infrared soliton comb with octave spanning bandwidth through dispersion engineering and quantum cascade laser pumping. With its exceptionally high coherence, such frequency comb offers access to the molecular fingerprinting region where many chemical species show distinctive absorption features. Devices based on this research output can find tremendous applications in mining, agriculture and medical diagnosis. Due to the prominent values of the research on microresonator comb, there are many groups in the US delved into this field, and the numbers of publications and filed patents on this topic has been rising rapidly. Hence this project will not only enhance Europe’s position in scientific competition with US, but also gain substantial economic benefits through strengthened industrial innovation. On the other hand, the host group in EPFL will consolidate its leading position in the field by integrating the applicant’s knowledge and experience on ultra-stable cavities and laser stabilization with the soliton comb research, thus facilitating both the fundamental investigation and the commercial development based on the microresonator frequency comb. Moreover, the applicant will acquire both research competencies and managerial and leadership skills, which will serve as the foundation of undertaking independent research and leading scientific and technological developments.

Mots clés : microresonator, optical frequency comb, microwave, soliton

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187419.6 €
Projet SIBG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project addresses questions of emergent phenomena: How do remarkable properties of matter emerge from complex correlations between the atomic constituents? This is one of the current grand challenges in the physical sciences. Specifically, the research will focus on Strongly Interacting Bose Gases (SIBG). The Bose gas is of fundamental significance as a quintessential example of a quantum fluid. SIBG occur when interactions are maximized by a large scattering-length (of a similar magnitude to the interparticle spacing). In the unitary limit (divergent scattering length) all physical properties are expected to scale with the density. Recent experiments with ultra-cold quantum gases have observed that such a state can be created, and its properties accurately measured. Such experiments provide us with access to a remarkably clean and tunable realisation of a strongly interacting quantum many-body system. This is ideal for building up our understanding of many-body physics, which harbours some of the most difficult and relevant questions in the physical sciences. Currently, our theoretical understanding of SIBG is relatively undeveloped, and questions relating to their most basic properties lack consensus. In this project we will theoretically determine the thermodynamics and stability of SIBG. Within this proposal, we outline a set of highly innovative approaches designed to achieve these goals. Our theoretical models are based on an amalgamation of few-body and many-body approaches, for which the combination of; Experienced Researcher – Dr Sykes, and LPTMS supervisor – Dr Petrov, form a uniquely capable team. This research lies at the cutting-edge of strongly-correlated quantum many-body physics. The results will fundamentally advance our understanding of quantum fluids, and provide us with new theoretical methods/innovations that can be utilised and tested in other areas of condensed-matter and material-science.

Mots clés : quantum gases, ultra cold atoms, bose einstein condensates

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet PHELLINI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project addresses the quest of new materials and approaches that nanotechnology requires to solve the current limitations of medicine. The potential to externally activate and control cellular processes inside the body by using light, or even to carry out treatments through drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapies becomes a reality thanks to the use of especially tailored biocompatible nanoplatforms. However, the options are limited in terms of penetration depth, since most of the developed nanoplatforms work under visible light, which can only penetrate a few millimetres inside the body. Instead, the use of near-infrared wavelength allows light to travel distances in the centimetre range. Temperature is a key parameter for the metabolism of cells and to control chemical reactions. Therefore, we propose a hybrid nanoplatform that, working within the biological transparency windows in the near-infrared, optically measures and controls temperature with the accuracy that is required for biomedical applications. The novelty of the approach is based on coupling two different types of nanoparticles with complementary functionalities: lanthanide-doped materials as remote optical sensor to measure temperature, and metal nanoparticles with plasmon resonances in the near-infrared to exploit their excellent heating properties. This approach involves the development of new materials with outstanding physical properties for thermometry in the infrared (hardly existing now), as well as tailoring the heating properties of plasmonic nanoparticles with different morphologies (rods, stars or cages) and finally, the creation of a heater/thermometer hybrid structure and the study of its performance for in vitro photothermal therapies.

Mots clés : thermometry, plasmonics, lanthanides, near infrared, therasnostics

Participants :
- CIC biomaGUNE (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet CONFAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project addresses the question of how the state should deal with radical sexual pluralism, and in particular how it should take up the challenges and difficulties raised for law and public policy in accommodating non-monogamous relationships and family formations. This is a multidisciplinary project drawing on diverse research sources (political philosophy, normative theory, social science data, doctrinal analysis, face-to-face in-depth interviews, and focus groups). It will explore models of non-monogamy – particularly polyamory and polygamy – in the UK to understand how they might pose a both legal and social challenge to traditional family law and regulation. This study thus provides a lens and case-study through which a core question for contemporary public policy is addressed: what legal and public policy instruments could and should the state adopt to deal with sexual and socio-cultural difference? The research will be conducted in four Work Packages (WPs). WP1 will critically assess the available literature on the social character, public relevance and legal status of non-monogamous relationships and family formations vis-à-vis monogamous ones. WP2 will involve in-depth semi-structured interviews with members of polyamorous and polygamous relationships and families to understand how law in its current form is experienced and the problems complex family forms face. WP3 will offer a philosophical-political analysis of the question of if and how the state should devise policy measures for the recognition of polyamorous and polygamous relationships and whether the best strategy is the production of a new relationship-recognition model, defined by specific legal provisions, or, conversely, the recognition of the contractual will of the parties. WP4 will involve members of relevant civil society organisations and state institutions in two focus groups to review the findings and indicate research gaps, potential biases, and areas for further development.

Mots clés : pluralism, sexual pluralism, monogamy, family, family law

Participants :
- University of Kent (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet DynaLight (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at applying the mass-polariton (MP) theory of light, developed recently by the Experienced Researcher (ER) and coworkers, to experimentally discover the atomic mass density waves (MDWs) generated by light in solids and liquids. We will allso study how this new optical effect can be used to improve existing photonics technologies and to eventually engineer new photonic devices. In particular, the ER will design, simulate, and participate in experiments to probe the influence of the light-driven MDW shock waves and the resulting sound waves (SWs), thermoelastic waves (TEWs), and thermoviscoelastic waves (TVWs) in hollow optical fibers (HOFs) in the Photonic Device Physics Laboratory of Prof. Kyunghwan Oh at the Yonsei University, South Korea, and in graphene membranes (GMs) in the Photonics Group of Prof. Zhipei Sun at the Aalto University, Finland. The ER will also continue to develop the novel optomechanical continuum dynamics (OCD) model, recently introduced by the ER, for multiphysics description of the MDWs propagating in combined liquid-solid structures with the velocity of light and the accompanied sound and thermal waves propagating at the velocity of sound. The proposed research of coupled field-medium dynamics of light in photonic waveguides and graphene nanostructures provides an interesting approach to development of new photonics technologies, a viable way to new optofluidic applications, and also leads to fundamental advances in our understanding of the propagation of light in dielectrics.

Mots clés : optomechanics, optical forces, optical momentum, mass polariton, mass density wave, hollow optical fibers, graphene membranes

Participants :
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189095.04 €
- Yonsei University (Corée du Sud) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ExpSoundscapes (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at bridging the gap between describing, reflecting on, and experiencing historical soundscapes. It will integrate historical, sensorial, and artistic approaches so as to retrieve the soundscapes of Early Modern Royal entries in Iberian cities in the time of Emperor Charles V (1517-58). Sonic information will be extracted from coeval documentation to be analysed and organised in a database and georeferenced in a map through GIS technology. The sound data will serve as the basis to create an immersive multimedia event, where selected sonic scenes will be reproduced by engineered sound and live music. The spatial surroundings will be recreated through historical paintings and 3D renditions of selected urban spaces. The immersive event will be a highly distinctive experience, with the potential to transform the traditional understanding of historical events by introducing elements of sensorial scholarship. It will facilitate exposure of high-quality repertoire within specific historical events. Likewise, the project will explore new avenues of the possibilities that the use of digital technologies provides to the understanding of music historical subjects (as postulated by European policies such as 'Digital Futures') and its management as intangible heritage. This research will make academic impact at different levels. The most significant will be the establishment of a groundbreaking methodology to facilitate the experiencing of sensorial experiences of the past, drawing on a phenomenological perspective. It will provide complementary tools to the traditional understanding of historical soundscapes, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration that will bring together areas such as music, history, geography, performance, and technology. Ultimately, it will open alternative pathways to communicate historical events to modern audiences.

Mots clés : soundscapes, urban musicology

Participants :
- Université de Tours (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet IoMUT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at designing, developing, and validating new interfaces for technologically-mediated interaction between performers and audiences in order to achieve novel forms of musical expression and foster audience engagement in live performing arts. Current systems for networked music performances that allow performers to collaboratively create music over a network), and for participatory live music performance that enable audiences to actively engage in the music creation process, are limited both from the technological and artistic perspectives. To progress the state-of-the-art, we propose to extend the concepts of the Internet of Things to the musical domain leading to a subfield that we coin as the Internet of Musical Things (IoMUT). IoMUT refers to the network of physical objects (Musical Things) dedicated to the production and fruition of multimodal musical content. This project will implement the IoMUT by creating Musical Things in the form of new musical instruments and new wearable devices, and by delivering a technological infrastructure that allows for their bidirectional wireless communication, both locally and remotely. Such an infrastructure will enable an ecosystem of interoperable devices connecting performers as well as performers and audiences to support new performer-performer and audience-performers interactions, not possible beforehand. The project will define and implement some use cases demonstrating the proposed IoMUT and evaluate them. This approach aspires to effect a step-change in the design of interfaces for musical expression, resulting in a potentially high economic impact on the whole music industry. The project also contributes to the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms underlying music perception and music performance in interactive and multimodal contexts.

Mots clés : music, sound, musical instruments, participatory live music performance, collaborative music creation, haptic technology, internet of things, multimodal perception, affective computing

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet PALAEO-ENEO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at reconstructing the ancestry and oral disease of Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age anatomically modern humans from Central-Southern Italy, using genome-wide profiling and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of skeletal remains and mineralised dental plaque (archaeological dental calculus). In Europe, the transition from hunter-gatherer to agricultural communities (Neolithisation) and the Bronze Age migration into Central Europe from the Asian steppe were the most important demographic events since the initial peopling by anatomically modern humans. However, until now, no Palaeolithic and only a few of Neolithic and Bronze age individuals from South Europe have been characterised for genomic analysis. As a consequence, the genetic base of outstanding peopling and migratory processes in prehistoric Europe, such as: (a) the East-West population structure among European hunter-gatherers, and (b) the Neolithic Southern European horizon known as the Cardial culture, still need to be fully understood. Similarly, metagenomic analysis of Palaeolithic and Neolithic dental calculus has been limited to preliminary screening of a limited number of samples, with no associated metaproteomic analysis. What taxonomic groups and metabolic functions were lost or gained with Neolithisation? How this affected oral heath? The genomic characterisation of Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age humans from Southern Europe will be integrated with a metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis of dental calculus to produce the richest possible personal “-omics” profiling so far achievable for ancient humans. The two main research objectives are: 1. Integrate Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age human genomic data from Central-Southern Italy within the genomic landscape available for all ancient and present-day West Eurasians, and 2. Reconstruct the oral microbiome, and its metabolic interactions with the host, before and after Neolithisation.

Mots clés : ancient dna, ancient proteins, migration in prehistoric europe, oral microbiome, mass spectrometry

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet MAPIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims at tackling pharmaceutical micropollutant capture (antibiotics, endocrine disruptors,…) from wastewater by developing a small, energy-efficient, high capture efficiency device that couples microfluidic technology with β-Cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP). β-CDP was recently shown to outperform all other adsorbants in water depollution test. Yet, like all adsorption methods, β-CDP efficiency is dependent on required elapsed time for interaction events to occur in between flowing pollutant and the adsorbant surface. This can be greatly improved by using microfluidics systems which reduce drastically both the diffusion distance and the related time while significantly minimizing the overall footprint. The proposed highly integrated microfluidic architectures target to treat up to 50 m3/day, and unlike conventional methods uses minimal energy (<200Pa). The modular assembly will also enable multiplexed capture approaches through serial configuration. This project will pave the way towards further possibilities for applications in biosensing, solvent recovery, and others fluid system remediation (Air, Gas, oils, etc,…). With the support of Blackholelab and its owned IP, two remediation demonstrators will be realized for domestic and industrial perspectives, with respectively targeted sizes of a Soda-Can and a suitcase. This innovative solution to remove pharmaceuticals from wastewater can help in tackling some of our greatest challenges: water scarcity, energy saving, and antibiotic resistance.

Mots clés : microfluidics, cyclodextrin

Participants :
- Black hole lab (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 185076.0 €