Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NERUDA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The full development of geothermal energy is still hindered by the little knowledge available on the distribution of high-enthalpy fluids at depth and by the often-complex logistics. High-enthalpy hydrothermal systems preferentially develop in tectonically active and volcanic settings. In such environments, faults have a major control on fluid flow and may affects the overall fluid distribution at depth. However, due to the lack of in situ data, predicting the role of faults on fluid flow is challenging and often requires complementary methods. NERUDA proposes an innovative and multidisciplinary approach, combining numerical simulations of fluid flow with deep Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The project aims at constraining the tectonic control on fluid flow in hydrothermal systems. High-enthalpy environments often have a multi-layered structure with deep reservoirs (>300 m). Classical cable-structured ERT methods cannot reach such depths. To tackle this challenge, NERUDA will use a leading-edge technology in the field of ERT methods. The newly developed IRIS Fullwaver system allows the acquisition of deep (up to ~1 km) 3D ERT surveys. This wireless system can be deployed in areas with sharp topography (e.g. volcanoes) where classical ERT is logistically not possible. Numerical simulations of fluid flow, calibrated on the interpreted ERT surveys, will be performed to assess the fault control on fluid flow. The currently available flow simulators are either not user-friendly or lack some functionalities to adequately study high-enthalpy hydrothermal systems. NERUDA will develop an open-source, user-friendly MATLAB hydrothermal module calibrated on deep ERT to investigate high-enthalpy hydrothermal systems. This module will be implemented in the world-widely used, open-source MRST (MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox). NERUDA is expected to have a strong impact on the scientific community by widening the accessibility to user-friendly numerical tools.

Mots clés : high enthalpy hydrothermal system, tectonics, volcanic environments, numerical modelling, geophysical imaging

Participants :
- University of Geneva (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175419.6 €
Projet PPMTFD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The future is a world of screens. Not only TVs, computers, phones and open air screens, but also the surface of tables or walls, as well as the displays inside vehicles showing real-time information. Liquid crystal displays and organic light-emitting diode displays are now conventional displays that have been extensively used in smart phones, TVs, tablets and many other displays. However, their intrinsic limitations such as monotonous color, power needs and minimal deformations, significantly restrict future developments. In order to meet the increasing demand of portable electronic products and wearable devices, new display technologies including microscale and flexible displays with tunable properties are highly desired. In this proposal, I will design novel types of tunable and flexible displays based on programmable polymer microarrays (PPM). The core technology is that the displays response speed will be greatly enhanced by designing the structure of functional photochromic molecules. Photochromic spiropyrans (SP) and the fluorescent dye (perylene bisimide, PBI) will be introduced into PPM and used as energy acceptors and donors, respectively. The display process can be tunable through reversibly fluorescence resonance energy transfer between SP and PBI upon different light irradiation. This means that vivid color image displays will be able to be written, erased, and rewritten repeatedly. The new displays will possess advanced response speeds with new SP generated with a range of push-pull substituents. Importantly, the flexible polymeric matrix will expand the scope of display applications because of its stretchable, bending and crimp deformation ability. Moreover, the microscale feature of current designs will be beneficial for integrating displays onto the chip to meet the requirements of miniaturization of devices. The generated programmable and flexible optical microstructures would contribute to the next-generation platforms of smart displays.


Participants :
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet RESEE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The future of Europe will vitally depend on its ability to transform and unify the continent. Southeast Europe, with its complex historical trajectories and its own particularistic Europeanness, has been labelled difficult to Europeanize. Yet, Europeanization in Southeast Europe has a far longer history reaching back into the 19th century and earlier. The main goal of the RESEE project is to establish Europeanization research on the Southeast Europe as a complex historically grounded process, firstly through developing a meaningful narrative integration of the prevailing knowledge in the historical dimension of Europeanization of Southeast Europe; secondly through discussing the usefulness of Europeanization and its related process bringing historical cases of how Europe has influenced Southeast Europe and vice versa; and thirdly through tracing the process back we build an explanatory model that maps the events and actors, the causal mechanisms and factors that interact when a specific historical Europeanization process unfolds in Southeast Europe. RESEE is an innovative project studying a long and much disputed ‘European otherness periphery’ contributing to the rethinking of the region in such a reflexive way that it have meaning and utility in the current EU political project of European Integration. RESEE main academic outputs include a Living Review on the literature, a course proposal and a workshop on the historical dimension of Europeanization on Southeast Europe, a policy paper on best-practices of successful historical cases of Europeanization in Southeast Europe and a number of other dissemination and communication activities. These outputs will attract the attention of academia, policy-makers and also European society since they are a valuable source of scholarly knowledge; they expose high policy relevance to practitioners and they have societal importance in particular to improving citizens perceptions on Southeast Europe and European Integration.

Mots clés : europeanization, southeast europe, historical approach, process tracing

Participants :
- University of Graz (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 186167.04 €
Projet SMART THEME (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The future of nano-electronics has been proposed to be switching soon from bulk 3D materials to lower dimensionalities. The self-assembly of well-designed molecular precursors on appropriate surfaces is a very promising route towards 1D/2D materials with a high degree of long-range order and tailored functionalities. However, the synthesis of well controlled molecular networks is a lengthy and expensive trial-and-error process because growth driving forces are poorly understood and generally hard to investigate. Research in the field can be improved and sped up thanks to optimization guidelines derived from first principles modeling of the elemental steps of the growth process. This project aims to develop a synergistic theoretical and experimental line of research on the on-surface synthesis of novel surface-supported molecular architectures. The candidate is a well experienced computational quantum chemist which will integrate a team of experimentalists and theoreticians expert in the field of molecular assembling and reactivity at surfaces. Novel methods in density functional theory will be employed to simulate complex molecular configurations and reactions paths. On one side the theoretical activity will provide predictive modeling of the mechanisms of surface-assisted reactions and fundamental insights for the interpretation of microscopy and spectroscopy observations. On the other side, precisely targeted experiments will provide the necessary validation of the theoretical approaches employed and will stimulate the most pertinent directions over which the theoretical modeling should be addressed. The ultimate goal of the project will be to build an irreplaceable theoretical tool to rationalize experiments and to drive them towards optimal synthesis routes.


Participants :
- University of Padua (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 275209.92 €
Projet CODer (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The genetic makeup intrinsic to each person shapes their particular traits, disease susceptibilities and treatment effectiveness, making understanding the functional impact of genetic variants one of the most pursued challenges in genetics research. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have so far associated >10,000 genetic variants with disease, with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies adamant in linking some of these disease variants to causal genes. Yet, understanding a variant’s molecular link to disease is still a major challenge, given that most are found in the genome’s non-coding regions, act only in specific tissues and may affect several genes. Recent studies revealed that neighbouring genes are often co-expressed – forming co-expression domains (CODs) – potentially regulated by shared regulatory variants, yet, this has been ignored in eQTL and GWAS studies. This project aims to investigate how local gene co-expression is achieved and regulated by genetic variants, and their impact on human disease. For this, I propose a novel genome-wide framework to detect human CODs and their regulatory variants (cod-QTLs) using transcriptomic profiles across hundreds of genotyped individuals. The mechanisms through which variants affect the expression of several genes will be discovered through causality inference and molecular characterisation using state-of-the-art datasets (e.g. Hi-C, promoter-enhancer maps). Notably, CODs’ tissue-specificity will be studied using gene expression across 53 human tissues and the co-expression variation across 120 individuals will be assessed using a cutting-edge dataset of single-cell RNA-seq. The impact of cod-QTLs on dozens of societal-relevant diseases will be determined by colocalization analysis with GWAS hits from the UK Biobank. This project promises to clarify fundamental aspects of gene (co-)regulation and provide functional interpretation of eQTLs and GWAS findings, including revealing novel disease genes.

Mots clés : local gene co expression, gene expression regulation, expression quantitative trait loci analysis, gwas colocalization analysis, genetic effect propagation, tissue specificity, single cell rna seq

Participants :
- University of Lausanne (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203149.44 €
Projet ULTRAMOD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The genomic determinants of morphological change are of great interest to evolutionary biologists, particularly how they relate to the loss and evolution of key traits. Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) are regions of genomes that are highly conserved across distantly related organisms. Many UCEs are located in cis-regulatory (enhancer) regions of the genome that play critical developmental roles in determining morphology; when UCEs are removed notable changes to the skulls and limbs of mammals can occur. These UCEs are highly conserved across vertebrates and the evolutionary loss of a single UCE (Sonic hedgehog limb enhancer) has been associated with partial and complete limb loss in squamate reptiles. However, much of what is known about the causal role UCEs play in development is derived from functional studies, which have only examined a handful of model species. A broader phylogenetic and genomic perspective of how UCEs relate to morphological variation would offer much needed information for interpreting the results of functional studies. Comparative genomics offers a means to dramatically increase the taxonomic sampling of UCEs, both through examination of annotated genomes and comparison of UCE loci obtained using sub-genomic sampling methodologies. I will use UCEs to characterize the enhancer landscapes of squamate reptiles that putatively underpin cranial and limb diversity. I will then relate the dynamics of these genomic landscapes to the modularity and integration of crania and limbs that occur across squamates using 3-dimensional (3D) scan data derived from museum specimens. This project will produce novel sub-genomic data and 3D scans that will be shared in online repositories. I will be aided by my hosts and their world-renowned museum collections to deliver this novel and cutting-edge project which will act as a springboard for my own independent research and teaching program.

Mots clés : genome phenome analysis, comparative genomics, ultraconserved elements, enhancer regulatory regions, geometric morphometrics, squamata, reptiles

Participants :
- Natural History Museum (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet TELIOTES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The global older population will double its current size by 2050, reaching 2.1 billion. As a result, further medical attention for this increasing population will require a new generation of more reliable and energy-efficient medical devices. Devices such as therapeutic wraps and blankets can benefit from materials that can generate cold from electricity without moving parts, minimising the discomfort on the patient. These materials are called thermoelectrics because they convert electricity into cold or heat, or vice versa. However, their use as therapeutic tools is limited because they are currently made with brittle and often toxic compounds. Luckily, this limitation can be overcome by replacing these compounds by flexible materials such as polymers. Therefore, the goal of this action is to investigate how efficient is the generation of cold with these new polymer-based hybrid materials under different conditions. As these hybrid materials will be bent or even twisted during their use, this action goes beyond the typical studies, where their efficiency is studied in ideal conditions with no deformation, to answer the following question: how does this efficiency vary when the material is strained? This action is not only aimed at policymakers and medical doctors to show them the benefits of fundamental research on thermoelectric materials, but also at the scientific community and patent engineers to provide cutting-edge results to guide them in building the next generation of medical devices for the senior members of our communities.

Mots clés : quantum mechanics, first principles simulations, thermoelectric materials

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet TMGSiP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of "THz Muti-Gb/s System in Package", i.e., "TMGSiP" project is to develop a fully integrated 120GHz radio front-end for Multi-Gb/s radio links with state-of-the-art SiGe BiCMOS technology. This will be done with a completely new cross-cutting design methodology for silicon-MMIC, e.g. the development of wideband receiver and transmitter, including on-chip antenna and novel packaging concepts. This will enable a big improvement in the functionality (complexity of RF MMICs), performance (data rate), component size (fully-integrated compact MMIC with integrated antennas), low power, and cost over existing III/V communication systems. The project’s ambition is to realize a THz SiP analog front-end with integrated antennas for a line of sight communication link with data rates up to 40Gbps centered around 120GHz and bandwidth of 20GHz with range up to a few meters. Due to the huge available bandwidth only simple low-order modulation schemes like QPSK will be considered.

Mots clés : 120ghz wideband transceiver, wide band antenna, sub thz package, terahertz communication

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet BeLaPEx (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The goal of the BeLaPEx project is to study β decay of exotic nuclei relevant to the astrophysical r-process. We will build the first European β-decay spectroscopy station dedicated to measurements with spin-polarised radioactive beams. Our setup, DeVITO, will be coupled to the new beamline for laser-induced nuclear orientation, called Versatile Ion-Polarised Techniques Online (VITO). We will apply a novel technique that utilises anisotropic β decay of spin-polarised nuclei, allowing to firmly assign spins and parities of excited states populated through allowed transitions based on the β-decay asymmetries measured in coincidence with the delayed radiations. The BeLaPEx project will help to clarify the sensitivity of β-delayed neutron emission to the details of nuclear structure. We will provide experimental data that can benchmark nuclear models and improve the understanding of β-delayed neutron emission. The BeLaPEx project will be carried out at the Isotope Mass Separator On-Line facility (ISOLDE) at CERN, where a wide range of radioactive ion beams is available, including those relevant to the r-process. The first part of the project will focus on the construction and commissioning of the DeVITO station allowing for measurements of β-particle, γ-ray and neutron emission from spin-polarised nuclei. Subsequently, we will start the physics program aimed at studying neutron-rich indium isotopes around N=82. These nuclei are important for the r-process calculations since the A=130 peak in the r-process abundance pattern is linked to the closure of the N=82 shell.

Mots clés : beta decay, beta delayed neutron emission, neutron rich nuclei, laser polarised beams

Participants :
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 191149.44 €
Projet PROXNET (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of the PROXNET project, which will be realised during the mobility of Christophe Crespelle in the Algorithms group of Bergen, is to open a new way for analysing, modelling and managing complex networks, through graph editing problems. The reason why these networks are said to be complex is that they are loosely structured, due to the part of uncertainty and randomness they contain. On the other hand, the real-world context where they come from strongly constrains their organisation and gives them some specific structure. The difficulty in retrieving this structure is that it is altered by the noise resulting from the uncertainty and randomness that these networks contain. In the PROXNET project, we will retrieve the hidden structures of complex networks thanks to graph editing problems, which consist in changing some adjacencies of the graph in order to obtain a desired property. We will develop the algorithms necessary to solve graph editing problems relevant to our approach on huge instances of graphs, we will apply them to real-world datasets and use the results obtained in order to design new models of complex networks. One key theoretic challenge in this context is to optimally solve the editing problems considered, which are computationally difficult (NP-hard). A very promising technique to do so is preprocessing. It consists in reducing the size of the instance by applying some reduction rules, in such a way that the optimal solution on the reduced instance is the same as the one on the original instance. The Algorithms group of the University of bergen is a world-wide leader on this topic which will constitute the main training action of Christophe Crespelle during his mobility.

Mots clés : graph algorithms, complex networks, graph modification problems, preprocessing techniques

Participants :
- University of Bergen (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 208400.4 €
Projet UNIFORM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this Fellowship, entitled “A Unified Sustainability Index Framework for Small and Medium Enterprises” (UNIFORM) is to train a talented researcher through a multidisciplinary research project bringing together aspects from economic, social and environmental sciences while using advanced statistical techniques. The Fellow – Dr. Malesios – will be trained on enhancing sustainability of small and medium sized enterprises’ (SMEs) supply chains of the EU countries to become an expert in the field, receiving access to a unique training experience at the host – Aston Business School (ABS) and co-hosts. [UNIFORM] will identify the associations to implementing environmental agendas within SMEs’ core business strategies and the more general concept of sustainable practice and sustainable development. According to our knowledge, up to now there has not been presented a unified methodology in order to measure and incorporate sustainability in SMEs, especially targeted towards sustainable supply chain practices. We will provide significant assistance in synthesizing evidence to assist develop sustainable managerial policies in this sector and to make environmental management a core activity that SMEs will need to engage in, along with the already existing operational factors. Incorporating sustainable development practices into SMEs’ supply chains is regarded as an overarching long-term goal. At the same time, the transfer of knowledge from the Fellow to the host members of ABS related to statistical methodologies and their implementation to various fields of research, will be another goal of the project. The results and deliverables produced by the project will contribute to the enhancement of EU scientific excellence in various ways. For instance, the [UNIFORM] online tool available through a website is anticipated to support and assist a large number of the - approximately 23 million - EU SMEs owners/managers.

Mots clés : small and medium sized enterprises, sustainability, environmental performance, statistical, modelling

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €