Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet AcadHist (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Philodemus’ 'History of the Academy' (PHerc. 1021/1691 and PHerc. 164) contains much otherwise lost information about the development of the Academic school and its most prominent figures, from Plato to Antiochus and Aristus of Ascalon. Now, the research of the last eighteen years has shown that the last edition of this book may considerably be improved upon. This, contrasted with the current availability of pioneering techniques for reading papyri and the possibility of developing completely new and more promising ones, makes it a desideratum of the research to produce a new modern critical edition of this unique book. The primary goal of this project is to lay the foundation for precisely this new edition, paving the way for a new method of editing Herculanean texts. To achieve this goal, the supervisor will directly coach the applicant and work together with him on a daily basis in order to transfer him all the specific papyrological, palaeographical and philological competences necessary for its immediate preparation. In particular, a) they will reconstruct the original anatomy of the roll; b) they will read and transcribe the original text; c) they will produce a reliable and updated critical text through a new editorial system; d) they will produce an open-access electronic edition of it through a dedicated open-source digital platform, engaging the scholarly community in an on-going and on-line collaborative review in progress of it; e) they will submit significant portions of the new critical text, with introduction and commentary, to top-ranking peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Mots clés : greek papyrology, hellenistic philosophy, multispectral imaging, computational philology, textual statistical approaches

Participants :
- National Research Council (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet FOREMOTIONS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Philosophy strives for a better understanding of modal notions such as necessity, possibility, truth, knowledge. Modal logic, however, the formal tool privileged by philosophers to shape their theories about intensional notions, displays severe drawbacks: its use determines an incoherent treatment of different kinds of modalities and it is expressively weak as important general claims are not fully formalizable in it. In the project I develop an alternative approach to modal notions. Instead of treating them as operators applying to formulas, I will consider them as predicates applying to terms naming formulas. The overarching aim of the proposal is to provide philosophy with an expressive and coherent framework that could represent a valid alternative to modal logic. More precisely, I will develop three research objectives corresponding to three fundamental research gaps traceable in the current literature on modal predicates: the formulation of a natural account of the bearers of modal notions, a consistent and mathematically powerful treatment of the interaction of modal predicates, a predicate approach to de re modal ascriptions that will open the way for a new approach to modal metaphysics in the predicate setting. The project will develop a unified effort to bridge mathematical logic, philosophy of mathematics and metaphysics. It will result in the establishment of leading research profile setting the agenda for a network of researchers in the flourishing area of mathematical philosophy.

Mots clés : logical and semantic paradoxes, meta mathematics, metaphysics, ontology

Participants :
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet STIMULATOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Photocatalytic Micro and nanomotors (MNMs) are artificial machines that convert light energy to propulsion and these light-powered machines have garnered considerable attention due to their potential applications in environmental detection/remediation, biomedicine, and microengineering. Since these machines are light controlled, their direction and velocity of motion can be regulated by modulating the intensity and orientation of the light source and the selection of light source is determined according to the absorption spectrum of the MNMs. For real-life applications, it is necessary to harvest solar energy directly for the autonomous propulsion of such motors that will pave the way for a unique motor system with enhanced motor skills. TiO2 is one of the most efficient and most investigated photocatalysts and researches are going on to directly harvest solar energy without using any external light source. It is necessary to synthesise a material that can harvest the whole solar spectrum containing 5% UV (absorb 200-400nm), 43% Visible (absorb 400-700 nm), and 52% IR (700-2500 nm) energy. In such a way, to exploit TiO2, its black version, the ‘black TiO2’ with mesoporosity will be implemented here in the form of its janus structural combinations with metals to form MMBT MNMs and bimetallics to form BMBT MNMs in a fuel free environment. These MNMs will be implemented in photocatalysis of a one component and two component systems, viz. using a single anionic or cationic dye as the target (single component) or a mixture of one anionic and one cationic dye as target (two component). So, the new class of MNMs will pave the way for selective and non-selective photocatalysis. Overall, STIMULATOR will develop, a new class of materials called ‘direct-sunlight active MNMs’.

Mots clés : janus micro, nanomotors, sunlight active motors, self propulsion

Participants :
- Brno University of Technology (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 156980.64 €
Projet CONSORT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Photodynamic therapy is a form of phototherapy which uses light-sensitive compounds (photosensitizers) that are exposed selectively to light, whereupon they become toxic to targeted malignant and other diseased cells. The photosensitizer creates a highly reactive singlet oxygen species which rapidly reacts with any nearby biomolecules leading to destructive reactions resulting in cell death through apoptosis or necrosis. However, prolonged exposure of tissue to light irradiation causes photosensitivity in patients’ skin. Side effects may include, pain, burning/stinging sensation, itchiness. This proposal aims to develop a conceptually new approach towards photodynamic therapy through an introduction of new type of photosensitizers and corresponding nanomaterials which are capable to generate singlet oxygen upon irradiation, store it by means of binding to special molecular subunits and slowly release singlet oxygen within tissue on a timescale from several hours to several days after light irradiation treatment. The application of such novel material will allow for increasing therapeutic effect and reduced side-effects with respect to conventional PDT due to shorter light treatment duration. Proof of concept will be attained by demonstration of delayed singlet oxygen formation in cancer cells after the light treatment using in vitro models. The project builds on the strengths of the applicant in organic chemistry, photophysics and material science and combines these with new training in biomedicine and drug development to open a new research direction and to enhance cross-European collaboration.

Mots clés : photodynamic therapy, singlet oxygen, porphyrin, photosensitizer, triplet excited state, endoperoxide

Participants :
- Trinity College Dublin (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187866.0 €
Projet PhotoChemBio (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Photoredox catalysis (the use of visible-light to accelerate chemical reactions) has emerged as a uniquely valuable platform in organic chemistry, facilitating the use of native functionality to construct new C–C bonds. The key aim of this research is the unification of photoredox catalysis and bioconjugation to specifically target 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) – a critical biomarker for the diagnosis of several diseases including Alzheimer's, heart disease, and stroke, in order to facilitate the rapid identification and mapping of this important residue within the proteome. Current chemical strategies to functionalize 3NT residues are hampered by harsh chemical conditions and poor site-selectivity; therefore, the development of a novel platform based upon the use of visible-light will have far-reaching implications in terms of identifying early-stages of disease and the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Mots clés : bioconjugation, photoredox catalysis, immunooncology

Participants :
- Princeton University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189099.84 €
Projet techFRONT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Physical laws are mathematically encoded into partial differential equations (PDEs). They tell us how certain quantities---like heat, water, or even cars---depend on position and time. Even without knowing the solutions explicitly, the ultimate goal of this project is to investigate fine properties of irregular solutions of certain classes of PDEs: can we predict the behaviour of the solution by using barriers; how will the solution behave after a long time has passed; can irregular solutions become regular---possibly classical; are the problems well-posed even for growing initial data? In practice, such properties describe the underlying physical model. Indeed, the mathematical insight provides new knowledge about the real-world applications, and information about the application gives hints to solutions of mathematical problems. We aim to use new and innovative techniques to prove fine properties of solutions of generalized porous medium equations (GPME). We intend to build a solution theory for a new class of weak solutions. This includes general well-posedness, regularity theory, and asymptotic behaviour. Our approach will provide an alternative to established methods due to DeGiorgi-Nash and Moser which seems to be unsuitable in this context. When there is convection present in GPME, that is, when we have a convection-diffusion equation (CDE), we plan to explore the possibilities of using the new to theory for GPME to shed new light on the asymptotic behaviour for CDE.

Mots clés : generalized porous medium equations, convection diffusion equations, well posedness, regularity, asymptotic behaviour, bounded and growing initial data

Participants :
- Autonomous University of Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet CHRYSOWEB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Plankton occupy a key position in aquatic trophic webs, and today, a highly relevant topic lies ahead in assessing its global change-mediated shifts, with implications for the functioning of aquatic systems. Mixotrophic chrysophytes are prevailing elements of phytoplankton in oligo- and mesotrophic lakes. Their contribution is predicted to increase with climate warming, which imply serious consequences for pelagic trophic efficiency and ecosystem services e.g. fish production. However, our current knowledge on the nutritional quality and bottom-up effect of chrysophytes is insufficient. CHRYSOWEB aims to reveal their effects on zooplankton secondary production and diversity in a multi-disciplinary approach, which will significantly contribute to the understanding of carbon flow and nutrient cycling in alpine lakes under global change. Laboratory feeding experiments will be combined with field observations to quantify species-specific responses of relevant zooplankton taxa to chrysophytes. The underlying mechanisms will be biochemically analysed in algae and consumers. The host, WasserCluster Lunz (WCL) is a leading limnological institute in Central Europe with cutting-edge infrastructure and outstanding research performance. My supervisor, Dr Robert Ptacnik (leader of AquaScale working group, WCL) has excellent background in plankton ecology and experimental systems. The biochemical part will be performed in cooperation with Dr Martin Kainz (leader of LIPTOX working group, WCL). I will additionally benefit from the international cooperation with Prof Herwig Stibor (LMU Munich; place of secondment). CHRYSOWEB will produce front-line and timely inter-disciplinary results and enhance my future perspectives to become an independent researcher by broadening my expertise both conceptually and methodologically. The inspiring working environment, high-quality infrastructure, excellent supervision and my personal motivation guarantee the successful outcome of the project.

Mots clés : global change, aquatic ecology, plankton, nutritional ecology, trophic links, biodiversity, alpine lakes

Participants :
- Wasserkluster lunz biologische station gmbh (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 178156.8 €
Projet NitroFixSal (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) provide necessary nutrients to the plants and are promising substitute for the chemical fertilizers to promote plant growth and yield. Among various growth promotion properties of PGPR, the ability to fix N2 is important for plant growth. Several media-based techniques are available to screen the N2 fixing bacteria that are tedious, time-consuming and requires significant amount of resources. Therefore, a rapid, cost-effective membrane-based sensor can be a good alternative of these media-based screening methods. Further, a reservoir of diverse microbial communities is present in a unique extreme environment - saline and alkaline lime in Janikowo, Poland. Isolating PGPR from such extreme environments can be useful for mitigating salinity stress on different crops e.g. wheat (Triticum aestivum), which is one of the most important crops in the world facing significant yield loss in the production due to soil salinity. Also, the study of expression of genes that are differentially expressed in wheat upon interaction with PGPR can result in a better understanding of plant-microbe interaction. Hence, the work is proposed in a sequential manner where the membrane-sensor will be prepared to screen N2 fixing bacteria from the samples collected from extreme environments and allowed to interact with wheat plant under saline condition to check its growth promotion effects. Then the most effective strains/consortia for growth promotion will be selected. Finally, Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) will be performed to study differentially expressed genes in wheat plants upon interaction with selected strains/consortia. The project is expected to develop innovative membrane-based sensor for the detection of N2 fixing bacteria and isolation of novel and potential halotolerant PGPR from anthropogenic extreme environments. SSH based gene profiling study will also be a new approach to understand plant-PGPR interaction.

Mots clés : pgpr, n cycling, n fixing bacteria, saline soils, technogenic soils, salt stress, crop protection, triticum aestivum, pvdf, membrane based sensor, suppression subtractive hybridization

Participants :
- Nicolaus Copernicus University (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 137625.6 €
Projet XYLAN-2.0 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Plant biomass is an important renewable resource. Elucidating its compositional complexity imposes a fundamental limit to its application. My research shows that cellulose organization in the secondary cell wall is governed by the xylan component far more than currently thought. Determining the full function of xylan in cellulosic material is the challenge addressed by XYLAN-2.0. To address this challenge, I will characterize cellulose fibril agglomeration as it occurs under different conditions involving xylans with known changes in primary structure. Firstly, I will map changes in cellulose fibril patterning in a large number of xylan mutants of the plant Arabidopsis. Secondly, I will systematically investigate nanocellulose:xylan composites made from Arabidopsis wildtype and mutant xylan preparations. Thirdly, I will attempt to produce “recombinant” xylan with well-defined primary structure specifications and use it to produce nanocellulose:xylan composites. These experiments will provide unprecedented insight into the function of xylan and aim to develop a mechanistic and quantitative model for how xylan modulates cellulose agglomeration. These new insights will have an enormous impact on biomass crop improvement, processing and application, particularly on biomass applied for cellulose-based high-performance materials. The experience of my supervisor Prof. Ulvskov in nanocellulose and material science combined with my experience in xylan biochemistry and biosynthesis make an ideal environment for carrying out this project and establishing myself as a leading independent multidisciplinary researcher.

Mots clés : secondary plant cell wall, cellulose, nanocellulose, xylan, glucuronoxylan, hemicellulose, composites, scanning electron microscopy, arabidopsis, chlamydomonas, algae, fermentation

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet MASAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Plant development is based on the activity of meristems. The aerial part of plants is generated from the activity of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). These meristems determine the plant architecture and correct plant architecture have an immense impact in crop productivity. In the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana, a key gene for the correct functioning of the SAM is SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM). To study the function of this gene and to apply this knowledge to control plant architecture to generate valuable new plant varieties is of vital importance to determine how this gene is regulated throughout development. Gene regulation is controlled mainly by the action of transcription factors at transcriptional level and also by RNA-binding factors at post-transcriptional level. Then the goal of the project is to determine the set of transcription factors and RNA-binding factors that regulate STM throughout plant development. Current techniques for the determination of the set of factors regulating a gene give partial results, are time-consuming and require huge amounts of biological samples. Then, new tools have to be developed. The most promising ones involve the use of quantitative Proteomics with the latest advances of high-resolution Mass Spectrometry. We take advantage in the recognized expertise in this field of Proteomics by the host institution to develop these new techniques and put them available for the research community. In particular, the results and new discoveries obtained from this project are intended to represent a great progress in plant research.

Mots clés : transcription factors, mass spectrometry, arabidopsis, shoot apical meristem, rna binding factors

Participants :
- University of Namur (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet KavaTarget (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Plant natural products have traditionally provided a great source of chemical scaffolds for the development of new medicines. Following a downturn in the late 20th century, natural product research is now experiencing a renaissance owing to rapid developments in genomics and metabolomics technologies. However, the identification of protein targets of newly discovered bioactive natural products remains very low-throughput. Under this proposal, I will carry out research to develop a new methodology for the elucidation of molecular targets of small bioactive molecules that bind to human proteins such as membrane receptors, using stochastically-generated polymeric probes called iBodies combined with horseradish peroxidase-mediated biotin labeling. In particular, I will focus on psychoactive metabolites from kava (Piper methysticum) called kavalactones, which have well-documented anti-anxiety properties, but their mechanism of action is unclear. In the first stage, I will develop the molecular target identification workflow using a previously characterized ligand, resiniferatoxin, which binds with high affinity to the human pain receptor TRPV1. Once the workflow is developed, I will proceed to identify the brain receptors that are the primary targets of natural kavalactones, as well as non-natural kavalactone derivatives that I recently developed. In addition, I propose that a similar approach can be applied to identify liver cytochrome P450 enzymes that are inhibited by natural products such as kavalactones. In the last stage of the project, I will develop a protocol for the extraction of liver proteins and identification of liver enzymes that interact with kavalactones. This research will deliver a new biochemical method for molecular target identification in the short term. In the long term, it will contribute to the development of novel non-opioid psychiatric therapeutics based on the kavalactone scaffold, thus addressing an urgent need in today’s European society.

Mots clés : membrane proteins, target identification, natural products, kavalactones

Participants :
- Czech Academy of Sciences (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 156980.64 €