Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SciTEr (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims at providing a novel general theory of scientific thought experiments (TEs) and lies within the fields of general history and philosophy of science (HPS). TEs are epistemic tools, are conducted in the “laboratory of the mind” and are found in nearly all intellectual fields. Scientific TEs are puzzling to most philosophers: arguably TEs aim at providing “new” knowledge about the world, but without resorting to new empirical data. There is a vast literature on TEs, however, in its majority, remains “reductive” and “restrictive”, built on a-historically analysed case studies and is disconnected from the literature on real experiments (REs), scientific models (SMs) and computer simulations (CSs). The project is driven by a main hypothesis – TEs, in different scientific fields, should be analysed as a sui generis tool – and shall be divided into two objectives (O1 and O2): Towards a general theory of TEs (O1) and TEs vs REs, CSs and SMs (O2). Work on O1 shall built on a recent epistemic account of TEs in physics defended by El Skaf and on a new historical analysis of TEs in physics, biology and mathematics. Work on O2 shall consist of a comparative analysis of TEs, REs, CSs and SMs. The project thus relies on the scientific, historical, and philosophical methodology of integrated HPS. The project shall benefit from Werndl’s expertise in general philosophy of science and SMs, Weber’s expertise in general philosophy of science and experimentation in biology, including TEs, and El Skaf’s expertise in integrated HPS and the epistemology of TEs. Furthermore, we shall develop collaborations with researchers with a wide range of expertise, organise a series of seminars and an international workshop. Finally, this study, by providing a general theory of scientific TEs which identifies their common structure (i.e. their common reasoning pattern), will be applicable to TEs in several intellectual fields beyond natural sciences, where TEs are commonly used.

Mots clés : general  integrated  history and philosophy of science, epistemology, scientific practices, logic and, argumentation, empiricism vs rationalism, scientific change or progress, theory, choice

Participants :
- University of Salzburg (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 279250.56 €
Projet PocketLight (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims for the implementation of a novel technological platform based on compact all-fibre resonators (CAFRs). I will exploit silica optical fibres treated via thermal poling to induce a second order nonlinear polarization. Periodically poled silica fibres (PPSFs), equipped with Bragg mirrors on both their facets, will be converted into quadratic nonlinear optical resonators with the target of exploiting the significant enlargement of the nonlinear interaction lengths. A complete study of the experimental conditions necessary to observe up and down conversion of light in the telecom wavelengths range inside those resonators will be realised. The main goal of the project consists in the implementation of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) by exploiting the CAFR in doubly resonant configuration. This outcome would allow to open the way to a totally revolutionary type of all-fibre, integrated and compact laser/light sources based on nonlinear parametric processes. Another significant goal of the project is the first experimental observation of dissipative structures in these compact all-fibre resonators, with the main target of testing the theoretical predictions present in literature and shed new light onto some still unveiled aspects of dynamics of purely quadratic resonators.


Participants :
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet Balkan Peoples (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project aims to explore the history of Balkan peoples of Anatolia in the 2nd and 1st millennium BC from a cultural and an ethnolinguistic perspectives. The term ‘Balkan peoples’ refers to different ethnic groups which migrated to Anatolia from the Balkan region before ca. 500 BC, spreading eventually in its western, northern and central parts and pushing back the older Indo-European population of the region (the Hittites and different Luwic ethnolinguistic groups). Linguistically, the Balkan peoples are speakers of Indo-European languages belonging to a group conventionally dubbed ‘Balkan Indo-European’, which includes also Greek, Armenian and Albanian. The project will focus on four principal topics: 1) chronology and extent of the Phrygian migration and settlement in Anatolia; 2) Balkan component in the language and culture of the Lydians; 3) the question of an early (before ca. 1200 BC) presence of the Balkan ethnic element in Anatolia; 4) Thracian migration to Anatolia and the question of ethnolinguistic identity of northern Anatolia in the 1st millennium BC. The project has an emphatically interdisciplinary character combining apparatus and methods of Classics, Ancient Near Eastern studies, comparative and areal linguistics, epigraphy and, to an extent, archaeology. It aims to recreate an integral picture of ‘ethnocultural Balkanization’ of Anatolia, a phenomenon whose extent and significance is largely underestimated in the modern literature. Besides direct evidence concerning the migration and spread of Balkan peoples in Anatolia, such as reports of Greek authors or epigraphic material in epichoric languages, much weight will be put on the analysis of indirect evidence presented by personal onomastics and toponymy, a rich but hardly exploited material bearing on the question of distribution of different ethnic groups in the region.

Mots clés : ancient anatolia, balkan migration, phrygian, lydian, cultural contact, language contact, onomastics

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 196707.84 €
Projet BIOeSPUN scaffolds (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims to fabricate and characterise novel type of multilayered scaffolds suitable for interface tissue engineering applications, in particular for osteochondral segment regeneration. Osteochondral defects imply injury in cartilage, bone and bone-cartilage interface tissues, characteristic of all the joints of human body, its causes could be both traumatic and due to aging-related pathologies. The project will be focused on the integration of several scaffold fabrication techniques for the development of novel electrospun multilayered scaffolds. In particular, considering the well-known effects of bioactive glass on osteogenesis, angiogenesis and its antibacterial activity, electrospun bioactive glass mats will be fabricated. Moreover, bioactive glass particles will be dispersed in a polymeric solution before the electrospinning for the fabrication of bioactive glass-doped mats. These two kind of scaffold will be used for the fabrication of the multilayered structures. Innovative solutions will be adopted for the obtainment of the stratified samples, integrating different technologies as the electrospinning, freeze-drying and foam replica method. The training of the researcher in the host Institution will be focus on the development of skills related to cell culture management and in particular on cell culture for tissue engineering. The training will start with cell viability tests and cell seeding on several kind of scaffolds. Several cell lines will be used and it will be also investigated stem cells differentiation. The use of co-culture systems and dynamic cell culture will also be evaluated and eventually applied to the multilayered scaffolds. An innovative approach will be used in the investigation of scaffold mechanical properties, in fact mechanical tests will be performed on the multilayered samples and on each single layer to evaluate the deposition of ECM on the seeded scaffolds and how it affects scaffold mechanical properties.

Mots clés : bioactive glass, electrospinning, cell scaffold interactions, tissue engineering

Participants :
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet Nanophotonics (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims to introduce new ways to control photons, elementary particles of light, similar to ways we control electrons with semiconductor diodes and transistors. Nonreciprocal control of light underpins several vital evolving technologies, including information and communications technologies. Expected outcomes include demonstrations of world-first nanoscale nonreciprocal photonic components. We live in an information-driven society. Our exponentially growing data exchange has well-surpassed a zetta-byte per year, that’s a number with 21 zeros. The revolution in information and communications technologies started from miniaturisation of nonreciprocal electronics, semiconductor diodes and transistors. The pathway to cope with the increasing demand for data transfer is to replace electronics with photonics. We are progressing through this transition by first replacing copper wires transmitting electrons with optical fibres transmitting photons in communication networks, then photonics replaces electronics inside devices, their integrated circuits, and ultimately microchips. This creates an increasing demand for miniaturisation of photonic elements, with nonreciprocal components being among the most challenging. The dominant pathway to nonreciprocity relies on magneto-electric materials and strong magnets that are incompatible with nanotechnology. Another approach uses time-modulated systems that cannot be foreseen nanoscaled with existing technology. Nonreciprocal photonics today is bulky. A conceptually different pathway is required to bring nonreciprocal optics to the nanoscale, and I recently made a preliminary demonstration (Kruk et al., Nature Nanotechnology 2019 acknowledged with 2019 IUPAP Young Scientist Award). To take nonreciprocal components to the nanoscale, I propose to merge fields of nonlinear and topological photonics and I seek for an opportunity to build up on the gained momentum and to establish a dedicated research in this direction.

Mots clés : nonreciprocity, topology, nanoresonator

Participants :
- Paderborn University (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 174806.4 €
Projet DigiFlor (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims to produce a digital scholarly edition of an overlooked text of the vernacular European Middle Ages: the Roman de Florimont, composed by Aymon de Varennes (Lyon, 1188). The edition will be complemented by a methodological reflection on the feasibility of new digital tools versus the availability and applicability of existing ones with respect to medieval vernacular texts characterised by extreme linguistic variation. Indeed, Florimont has many unique characteristics, starting from its Mediterranean setting, bringing together into a single plot both the two main narrative strands of the 12-13th century, the Breton and the Antiquity cycles; the result is an original Southern version of the French chivalric roman. Furthermore, this thematic interest intersects with a remarkable linguistic relevance as the tradition includes witnesses related to two understudied linguistic domains: Franco-Provençal (the third French language, together with the Langue d'Oil and the Langue d'Oc) and Franco-Italian (an artificial literary language). Despite this interest, Florimont has been almost entirely neglected by the scholarly community: only fifteen articles have been published on the subject and the only existing edition (Hilka’s in 1932) is seriously flawed. The project will therefore produce an online multifaceted digital edition, exploiting existing tools for the support of stemmatics and linguistic analysis. Work on this text will then represent an opportunity to reflect on the scholarly status of the digital edition, which is revolutionizing the traditional concept of the edition in the context of Romance Philology. The multidisciplinary character of this research and the planned intensive training focused on Digital Humanities will allow the applicant to present herself to the academic world with a profile that is currently highly required but still not widely available: the Humanities researcher able to independently design and manage a DH project.

Mots clés : medieval french literature, digital documentary edition, digital critical edition, it linguistic tools, digital humanities, franco proven al, franco italian, french dialectology, chivalric roman

Participants :
- Université Grenoble Alpes (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet MAGMOLMET (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project aims to provide a rational design for the synthesis of 4f homo- and 3d/4f heteronuclear systems and to prove their effectiveness in applications such as information storage, magnetic refrigeration, luminescent materials. The efforts will be focused on the following objectives: synthesis, spectroscopic and structural characterization of new molecular systems based on salicylaldehyde and its derivatives; evaluation of magnetic properties that allows the study of their behavior as nanomagnets (slow relaxation of the magnetization) and the magnetocaloric effect. The choice of the host organization - group from the Department of Inorganic Chemistry of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest under guidance of Acad. Marius Andruh is dictated by its internationally recognition in design of original magnetic coordination compounds, expertise in molecular magnetism and use of crystal engineering strategies. The complementary applicant's (Dr. D. Dragancea) experience in synthetic coordination chemistry and characterization gained in the Laboratory of Coordination chemistry of the Institute of Chemistry in Chisinau, Moldova will assure the completion of project objectives. The fellowship provides the opportunity to use equipment and techniques that are not available at home institution, to gain a unique experience on the edge of several disciplines, establish scientific contacts. Altogether will positively impact her long-term career.

Mots clés : lanthanide ions, heterometallic, single molecule magnets, synthetic strategies

Participants :
- University of Bucharest (Roumanie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 141778.56 €
Projet SPARCLEs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The self-assembly of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into nanostructures is a high impact area of research since these new and complex materials exhibit unusual optical properties, which lend themselves to applications such as plasmon-enhanced solar light harvesting and photocatalysis, ultrasensitive sensors, optical circuitry and metamaterials. The remarkable optical properties are dependent on NP size and shape, but are mostly governed by the spacing between NPs. Due to the difficulty of accurate control of inter-particle spacing, such applications have not yet benefitted from nanostructure incorporation. The current research proposal aims to use the unique macrocyclic host-guest chemistry of cucurbiturils in combination with metal NPs to demonstrate a novel approach to NP assembly, resulting in structures that subsequently will be used as new constructs for (1) fundamental and applied Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) measurements, (2) catalysed chemical reactions and (3) advanced molecular sensing. Specifically, we will: Develop rattle-type structures to perform fundamental SERS measurements by controlling the position of the confined NPs; Perform SERS in bulk liquid environments for advanced chemical sensing by developing a system of NP dimers; Use recoverable nano-constructs for catalytic reactions in liquid environments; and Develop temperature-stable SERS substrates by means of hot-electron induced reduction of gold salt. To this end, Dr. Marlous Kamp, the applicant, will work within the host group (Cambridge Chemistry) led by Prof. O.A. Scherman, whilst also working closely with the nanophotonics group led by Prof. J.J. Baumberg (Cambridge Physics). Dr. Kamp has extensive knowledge and skills in NP synthesis and assembly; in conjunction with the expertise on complexation chemistry and plasmonics in these respective groups, the applicant will be able to reach the aforementioned goals, further mature as a scientist and transfer knowledge to the host group.


Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SCD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The sexuality of disabled people is a taboo subject in disability services, health care and in society as a whole. Additionally, physical inaccessibility, lack of social policy and failure by professionals to recognise the needs of disabled people to be supported in their sexual expression can lead to unmet needs, misconduct and reproduction of stereotypes of disabled people as asexual. In the findings from a participatory action research project that sought to identify future priorities for disability research, the issue of sexual support was suggested as such a priority by disability rights organisations. In many countries a new generation of service users are growing up with recognised human rights through strengthened disability policies and discrimination laws, as well as being backed up by European and global conventions – notwithstanding often only briefly mentioning sexual rights on an abstract level. The aim of this study is to analyse the conditions, implications and consequences of claims for sexual facilitation on a policy level in three countries: The UK, The Netherlands and the state of New South Wales in Australia. Disabled people have vastly different possibilities for sexual recognition and expression in different policy contexts. Adopting a mixed-method design, including critical policy analysis, interviews, and workshops, with a comparative case study approach allows for a qualitative insight into the policy processes as well as their consequences in practice. A central aim of the study is to develop good practices together with local disability rights organisations in order for research results to not only contribute to theoretical understandings of sexuality and disability, but also to developments in policy and practice, based on expert knowledge and experience.

Mots clés : disabled people, sexuality, sexual rights, discrimination laws, disability rights

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet Prot-RAN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The short tandem repeats are common in human genome, but their uncontrolled expansions may lead to several inherited disorders. In Prot-RAN project, I will focus on the expansion of trinucleotide CGG repeats (CGGexp) in the 5’UTR of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, which causes common neurodegenerative disease, known as fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). The pathogenesis of FXTAS remains unclear, and one of the possible mechanisms, the repeat associated non-AUG initiated (RAN) translation, can be shared in majority of microsatellite expansion diseases, as it was already linked to 9 different disorders. In FXTAS, the CGGexp enhances RAN translation from the 5’UTR of FMR1 mRNA, what leads to the production of toxic polyglycine or polyalanine containing proteins. These aberrant products accumulate in nuclear inclusions in the brain of FXTAS patients, impairing the nuclear lamina architecture and leading to neuronal death. The RAN translation mechanism is still not well understood; therefore, in the proposed project I will identify and investigate the role of proteins implicated in RAN translation initiation/elongation. To achieve this goal, I will benefit from the synergy between my long-time experience in mass spectrometry and the expertise of the host lab in RNA biology, and I will bridge cutting-edge proteomics with RNA biology techniques. Briefly, I will employ the CGGexp RNA-targeting pull-down approaches combined with proteomic profiling, RNA mutagenesis, high throughput protein expression analysis and RNA/protein interaction studies in a context of their functional implications. The role of identified proteins will be then verified in other expansion disorders, e.g. Huntington’s disease, giving insight into more global view of the RAN translation. As a result, the discovered factors driving RAN translation and knowledge of mechanism of their action could be used as potential new targets for therapeutic strategies.

Mots clés : fragile x associated tremor, ataxia syndrome, non aug initiated ran translation, microsatellite expansion disorders, cgg repeat expansion, rna protein interactions

Participants :
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 149625.6 €