Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet TNFL-TMML (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project of “TNFL-TMML” is a fundamental and scientific project that will be carried out by Dr. Peizhe Tang under the supervision of Prof. Angel Rubio. Dr. Tang is a theoretical physicist with extensive experience and good publication records in the field of topological materials. Currently, he works in Prof. Shou-Cheng Zhang’s group at Stanford University as a post-doctor. Prof. Rubio is one of the leading exporters in fields of ab initio calculations of electron excitations and dynamics in Physics, Chemistry, and Biophysics. Now, he is the managing director of the theory department of MPSD (th-MPSD). This project will aslo involve collaborations with top international experimental groups, who will fabricate and characterise the proposed materials. The proposed project “TNFL-TMML” is focusing on the topological fermions in the bulk states, including Dirac, Weyl and new fermions. These topological fermions can be regarded as new quantum states of matter and attract lots of attentions recently because of their exotic physical properties. Based on the studied objectives, the project of “TNFL-TMML” can be divided into two parts that will keep running in parallel. In Part1, Dr. Tang will study the electronic, optical and dynamic properties of new fermions beyond Dirac and Weyl models systemically via DFT, TDDFT and many body perturbation theory. He expects to discover the new physics and new quantum states of matter which can be verified by the future experiments soon. Part2 is about topological material discovery based on artificial intelligence technologies and self-developed unsupervised ML algorisms. In this part, new methods based on the Big Data of material science will be developed, which will benefit both for academic and industry in the future. Therefore, the success of “TNFL-TMML” will consolidate the leadership of th-MPSD group and create more advanced and effective methodological tools for other scientists in related fields.

Mots clés : topological materials, weyl semimetal, dirac semimetal, new fermions beyond dirac and weyl models, first principles calculations, tddft, machine learning, many body perturbation theory

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet DEtune (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project operates in the key European research area of enabling technologies based on Advanced Materials. It deals with a class of smart electroactive polymers, called dielectric elastomers (DEs), which can be promisingly employed to develop soft low-cost electrostatic machines able to respond to electrical stimuli with high deformations and large actuation bandwidth. In the field of acoustics, DEs might enable the development of new loudspeakers in which the vibrating diaphragm and the actuator are combined into a soft membrane that can be adapted to arbitrary shapes or integrated into wearable textile structures. This project will develop radically new DE acoustic diaphragms exploiting the paradigms of distributed surface actuation (DSA) and self-sensing. DSA will allow a regulation of diaphragms vibrations via localised excitation of the active surface, allowing a fine control of the acoustic response. Self-sensing will allow DE devices to work both as sound generation sources and sound pressure sensors, opening new perspectives in the field of active noise control and acoustic characterisation of environments. Theoretical background on continuum vibrations in DE membranes will be first developed through modelling and experimental investigation with high-end laser vibrometry equipment. Multi-physics models of the acoustic-structure interaction of the DE diaphragms will be set-up. Diaphragms with DSA will be deployed through the segmentation of the active DE surface into arrays of independently-controlled portions via screen printing techniques. Algorithms for self-sensing of the vibrations generated by electrical or acoustic signals will be developed, which rely on simple electrical measurements of the active areas electrical variables. Finally, a prototype of a DE acoustic transducer, capable to work both as a speaker and a microphone, will be built, and its performance will be optimised leveraging on the investigated features of DSA and self-sensing.

Mots clés : dielectric elastomer, electroactive polymer, vibration, smart material, acoustics, screen printing, loudspeaker, finite element, high frequency, vibrometer, boundary element, sound

Participants :
- Saarland University (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet HJMIGRA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project outlined here investigates the molecular mechanisms of the critical final steps of homologous recombination (HR) based DNA repair, a pathway that supports the error-free repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). In HR, the broken DNA ends are processed and homologous DNA provides a template for repair. Engagement of both processed ends leads to the formation of a double Holliday-junction (DHJ) structure. DHJ can be resolved by enzymatic cleavage or dissolved by the concerted action of a specialized group of helicases (RecQ-family helicases including Bloom’s syndrome helicase (BLM)) and Type I topoisomerases (e.g. TOP3A). In humans the ‘dissolvasome complex’ consists of BLM, TOP3A and regulatory proteins (RMI1, RMI2), called the BTR complex. The BTR complex dissolves DHJ by 1. convergent branch migration of the two independent HJs and 2. decatenation of the final hemicatenate structure. Thus, dissolution solely results non-crossover products, which is necessary to avoid chromosomal rearrangements. What is the mechanism of HJ migration? What are the exact roles of the subunits of the BTR complex? How long can a HJ migrate (i.e. how processive is the ‘dissolvasome’)? How specific is the DHJ migration to the BTR complex compared to other human RecQ helicases? Here we aim to address these questions by using state-of-the-art single-molecule and solution biophysical and biochemical techniques. We will generate a previously inaccessible mobile HJ substrate integrated into λ-bacteriophage DNA. We will follow the processes underlying HJ migration by fluorescently labeling the BTR complex, HJ position and DNA end in total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy combined with microfluidics. Elucidation of the detailed roles of the BTR components in HJ branch migration will help us to understand their roles in genome maintenance.

Mots clés : homologous recombination, branch migration of holliday junction, recq helicases, bloom s syndrome, single molecule analysis, tirf microscopy, microfluidics, genome maintenance

Participants :
- Eötvös Loránd University (Hongrie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 146239.2 €
Projet ProMENAd (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project tackles the question of what happens when states prohibit mind-altering drugs, taking the case of Italy and Lebanon since the ‘psychoactive 1960s’ and the outset of the ‘war on drugs’. It explores the modern history of drugs, their prohibition and the practice ‘addiction’ recovery. In his seminal contribution, David Musto referred to drug prohibition as The American Disease. Following Musto’s work, revisionist studies have emerged in other regions of the world. One region that had been left out of this picture is the Mediterranean. The dearth of scholarship about illicit drugs remains however intellectually unjustified. The region has historically adopted staunch prohibitionist policies. It is currently experiencing the highest surge in drug use worldwide, witnessing a surge in HIV/AIDS contagion caused by dangerous consumption patterns. Italy has seen unprecedented levels of heroin overdoses since 2013, whereas Lebanon has become a new hub for synthetic drug production amidst the destabilizing effect of the Syrian civil war (2011-20…). In both countries, the fight against drugs and the demand for recovery for ‘addiction’ have influenced state-society relations over the last five decades. In light of this, the project will: 1) Study drug consumption from the ‘psychoactive revolution’ of the 1960s through moments of historical ruptures and changing public ethics under the ‘War on Drugs; 2) Analyse the development of prohibitionist policies and governmental practices within the context of the ‘War on Drugs’; 3) Deconstruct the symbiotic connection between drug prohibition and the biomedical category of ‘addiction’, a fact that had ethical, political and health-related effects; 4) Investigate the grassroots, religious/spiritual forms of ‘addiction recovery’ and their impact on political life; 5) Theorise the Mediterranean drug ecology as a geo-cultural space in interdisciplinary approaches to health and security.

Mots clés : drug history, middle eastern politics, comparative history

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 236011.2 €
- American University of Beirut (Liban) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MISSION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project will develop a synthetic and exhaustive study of the Early Modern theory and methodology of Franciscan mission to China (late Ming and early Qing dynasties, cca. 1580-1660). Due to the cultural, historical and spiritual idiosyncrasies of the Middle Kingdom, ecclesiastical authorities could not directly transfer their missiological methodology, employed in the Indies and in other parts of the world, to the Chinese Apostolate. They had to design specific, unique and novel strategies; the problem is that several religious orders were operating in China in the first phase of evangelization, and they all developed fairly different and sometimes directly conflicting approaches towards the mission. Modern scholarship has devoted its attention almost exclusively to the policy of the Jesuit order, failing to recognise the importance of the mendicant orders in the evangelization of China. The project aims at filling in this void: it will focus on the Franciscan order, and more specifically on the first 80 years of its presence in the empire, crucial for the China Apostolate. It will thoroughly examine this Franciscan evangelization project, as developed in a body of theological, missiological and official Church documents, historical accounts and epistles (written mainly in Latin, Spanish, Portuguese, French and Italian). It will then explore not only its basic theological assumptions, but also its ideological, spiritual, and symbolical underpinnings. It will analyse the ways in which the Franciscan missionaries attempted to introduce Christianity to a civilization that was, in many aspects, alien to the Christian message, and in which ways they tried (or resisted) to reconcile Christian spirituality and doctrine to the specific Chinese spiritual and cultural idiom.

Mots clés : early modern mission to china, franciscan missionaries, evangelization strategy, methodology and theory of mission, east west encounter, franciscan spirituality, the otherness, intercultural contact

Participants :
- Palacký University, Olomouc (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 144980.64 €
Projet NEASCMs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project “Nano-Engineered Aluminosilicate Cementitious Materials” (NEASCMs) is designed for training the fellow by preparing low-carbon cementitious binders for sustainable construction and solidification/stabilization, S/S. Effects of nanoengineering on the regulation of the hydration and hardening processes of aluminosilicate-based cementitious binders for sustainable constructions, as well as its roles on the solidification/stabilization of aluminosilicate-based grains/wastes for environmental protection will be explored. Nanoengineering will be utilized for preparing low-carbon cementitious materials containing of different sources of Aluminosilicates, Carbonates and Sulfates (ACS) binders for sustainable construction. The hydration kinetics and performance of ACS binders will be tailored through the optimization of a combination of cement and minor ions (such as Mg, Fe, Cl). The mechanical properties and durability will be systematically studied for evaluation of performance. Secondly, effects of nanoengineering on S/S of typical aluminosilicate-based grains/wastes for environmental protection will be investigated. Solidification/stabilization using nanoengineered aluminosilicates will be studied and modelled thermodynamically. Cases such as solidification/stabilization of soil/construction wastes, mining wastes will be researched, and the environment features, such as the solidification capability, the leachability of the wastes will be investigated through mechanical testing and sequential extraction procedures (SEP), etc. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) will be used for a comprehensive understanding of the sustainability of the production and utilization of the new binders, baselined against Portland cement by taking the transportation, production, usage, and recycling stages into consideration. This project will shed a light on the preparation of low-carbon cementitious binders featuring great intellectual merits and broad engineering implications.

Mots clés : nanoengineering, cementitious materials, aluminosilicate materials, binder, industrial waste

Participants :
- Brunel University London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Habit (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project’s objective is to explain the meaning of habitual mental and bodily practices for the nineteenth century Catholic laywomen’s program of developing modern pious womanhood and further interprets those women’s interest in habit as part of the broader contemporary religious, intellectual, and socio-cultural inquisitiveness in routinized actions. The research employs a transnational approach privileging individuals, networks, and debates in France, Germany and Partitioned Poland between 1878-1914. The Catholic laywomen’s focus on habit will be retrieved through analyses of their pedagogical writings and educational models and subsequently confronted with contemporary conceptualizations of habitual action as found in the epoch-making theological, philosophical and scientific theories and selected social practices. It is argued that in a context in which women could formally engage with theology, philosophy and science in very limited ways those lay activists’ religious or pedagogical writings and educational practices were distinctive ways of participating in major contemporary disquiets over the limits of human agency and plasticity of human behavior. With their interventions in the concept of habit those Catholic laywomen joined the nineteenth century efforts of overcoming body-mind, freedom-necessity, and spirit-matter dualisms. The research adds to the field of women’s history by proposing new motives and periodization of the nineteenth century Catholic laywomen’s activism’s emergence and providing novel interpretations of their actions in a transnational perspective. This multidisciplinary project will expand my competences with insights from several fields of academic inquiry. Marie Curie Fellowship will provide me with triple experience as a researcher, project manager and a science communicator, which will give me confidence in planning, executing and delivering projects independently in the future.

Mots clés : women s history, gender studies, religion, catholic movements

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172477.2 €
Projet GWOHNS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposal aims at making substantial progress on the theoretical understanding of neutron stars (NSs) by constructing holographic models for the matter inside the stars and by developing a novel tool for high-resolution NS merger simulations. The first observation of gravitational waves (GWs) from a NS merger in August 2017 by the LIGO observatory induced huge interest that goes far beyond the scientific expert community. Many more observations are expected in the near future and progress in the theoretical understanding of NS mergers is therefore sorely needed. We propose an entirely new approach and construct equations of state (EoSs), using the gauge-gravity duality (“holography” for short), for the NS matter in merger simulations. Holography establishes an effective framework to model subatomic matter at densities relevant for NSs, where traditional methods like perturbation theory, lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and low-energy effective theories are not applicable. In that way we will generate predictions for the merger dynamics and the gravitational waveforms, which will lead to additional theoretical insights when confronted with future observations. Applying holography to NS merger physics is a completely new concept and potentially opens a new field of holographic gravitational wave model building. The proposal has a strong multidisciplinary character as it combines aspects of string theory, high energy physics, astrophysics, nuclear physics, numerical relativity and high performance computing (HPC) and will therefore lead to interest and progress in all these fields.

Mots clés : neutron star merger, numerical relativity, holography, equation of state

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet PI-PEC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposal introduces a novel technique, which has been developed by the fellow, Dr Miguel Torres (MT), in Portugal, to prototype pro-internationalization policy using a streamlined and innovative combination design of top-down and bottom-up approaches. The prototypes to improve policy design efficiency and coherence (PDEC) within each of the European countries, and in the European Union as a whole, will be realised through understanding the decision-making function relationships between companies and policy makers. The approach will employ questionnaires to policy makers, which have designed past incentives towards internationalization; and firms, which have used these same incentives. The insights gained will be used to generate models to explain the behaviour of both managers and policy makers in their actions and to arrive at set of principles of action for PEC. The work plan will be executed at the University of Leeds at a time when there is an EU policy (Lisbon Treaty) highlights the need of coordination of policies, the coherence in external relations, and the consistency with the potential complementarities between trade and FDI within EU members and considering third countries. "

Mots clés : policy design, public support, optimization, coherence, development

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet MSCIH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposal is devoted to the study of a large class of systems of partial differential equations which on one hand appear in classical problems of mathematical physics and on the other hand they provide an efficient tool for description of enumerative invariants in algebraic geometry. These systems are called the hierarchies of topological type or the Dubrovin-Zhang hierarchies. Based on the new approach to such systems, which I suggested recently, I aim to prove certain conjectures about the structure of hierarchies of topological type, describe them explicitly in important examples and also find connections to other areas in the theory of integrable systems.

Mots clés : moduli spaces of curves, intersection theory, integrable hierarchies of partial differential equations

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet BRICDOQ (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposal tackles fundamental open questions about out-of-equilibrium quantum matter that have recently become of experimental and technological relevance. The main objectives are: (i) Understand how, and when equilibrium statistical mechanics emerges from the coherent dynamics of closed quantum systems. (ii) Explain the fundamental mathematical structure underlying universal dynamical features. I will address these issues by developing an overarching description of finite-time dynamics based on integrable and chaotic systems. The idea is to characterise quantitatively the dynamics by pinpointing paradigmatic exactly solvable models. The exact solutions of these models will also help to elaborate new analytical and numerical techniques. The proposal encompasses two main parts: WP1-2. WP1 is devoted to integrable systems. These are systems with a macroscopic number of local conservation laws. They play a key role in understanding out-of-equilibrium quantum matter because their dynamics is sufficiently constrained to be, to some extent, solvable. I will devise a general method for describing their large but finite time dynamics. In particular, I will characterise their approach to the asymptotic (generalized) hydrodynamic regime which I recently helped to identify. WP2 focusses on maximally chaotic systems, i.e. systems without local conservation laws. These systems are interesting because are able to model several generic dynamical features. I will characterise the maximally-chaotic dynamics in any spatial dimension using “dual-unitary quantum circuits”, a class of solvable periodically-driven systems that my collaborators and I recently introduced.

Mots clés : non equilibrium dynamics in isolated systems, quantum quenches

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €