Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet DECRYPT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Permo–Triassic mass extinction (PTME) was the most catastrophic extinction in the last 541 million years (Ma), with estimated losses of biodiversity as high as 90% of marine species and 75% of terrestrial vertebrates. There is now a robust temporal link between the PTME and Siberian Traps volcanism, which injected massive amounts of greenhouse gases and hydrothermal organohalogens into the atmosphere. This likely caused acute disruption of the stratospheric ozone balance, resulting in elevated harmful ultraviolet radiation (UV-B, 280–315 nm), but to date this possible key driver of the near-annihilation of life remains unquantified. A growing body of research demonstrates that UV-B absorbing compounds (UACs) contained within fossil pollen act as a reliable, independent proxy for changes in solar irradiance. In this project I will develop a cutting-edge interdisciplinary framework that integrates high-resolution palaeoecological, stratigraphic, and palaeobiological data with new biogeochemical signatures from Permo–Triassic pollen and spores. Through integration in the Ecological & Environmental Change Research Group at the University of Bergen, I will gain state-of-the-art skills in UV-photochemistry and vibrational spectroscopy of biological materials, positioning me as a leading researcher in the field of mass extinction research. This project will deliver a case study for proof-of-concept to address my key research objective: understanding the drivers of terrestrial ecosystem collapse across the PTME. As this ancient extinction is similar in many respects to current, anthropogenically-forced global changes, improving our understanding of ecological breakdown in the past is crucial to address a major societal challenge facing humanity today: accurately contextualising the rate and magnitude of modern species losses, in order to best direct conservation efforts and preserve essential ecosystem services.

Mots clés : mass extinction, palynology, stratospheric ozone, ultraviolet radiation

Participants :
- University of Bergen (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214158.72 €
Projet EvoPWO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins ensure the accuracy of developmental processes and maintain cellular identities in both plants and animals. Among the PcG proteins, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) establishes the repressive state of targeted genes by introducing the H3K27me3 epigenetic mark. Recently, a novel PWWP DOMAIN INTERACTOR OF POLYCOMBS 1 (PWO1) protein has been identified as a recruiter and regulator of PRC2. PWO1 may also act as a mediator of PRC2 repression at the nuclear periphery (NP). Even though PRC2 orthologues are highly conserved from unicellular algae to modern plants, the PWO-like proteins do not seem to follow the same evolutionary pattern as they exclusively arise at a specific time in plant evolution, coinciding with the colonization of land and emergence of vascular systems. This poses the question of how PWO-like proteins shaped the evolution of the PcG pathway and contributed to plant evolution in a developmental context. To answer this, I plan to apply a synthetic biology approach with the aim to assess the impact of PWO-like proteins on PWO-less species, particularly to understand whether PWOs can reprogram PRC2 epigenetic activities. Furthermore, the inspection of ancestral PWOs functions in modern plants will provide essential information regarding the conservation of their activity, for instance, the PWO-mediated link of chromatin repression to the NP across the species. Lastly, the exploration of unknown interacting partners of PWO-like proteins in both ancestral and modern plants will give insights for the conservation and functions of the PWO-related protein network in PRC2 regulation. Altogether, this project will shed light on the potential mechanisms underlying the enrolment of PWOs function in developmental epigenetics during land plant evolution. The acquired expertise through the proposed project will be crucial for me to work as an independent researcher in the area of plant epigenetics and evolutionary biology.

Mots clés : epigenetic modification, pcg pathway, prc2, pwo1, crwn1, h3k27me3, evolution, plant development, regulation of gene expression

Participants :
- Czech Academy of Sciences (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 156980.64 €
Projet POPULARITAS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Popularitas project aims to provide a comprehensive study of the precedents of populism in ancient Rome. The Latin adjective popularis had a passive meaning (the man who enjoys the favour of the people), but also an active one (the man who seeks the favour of the people). Sometimes this active meaning was employed in connection with ambitious outsiders, wannabe “charismatic” leaders, who took a perspective hostile to the senatorial elite, claimed to have a direct connection with the people, and exploited this connection in order to bypass the institutions, to subvert the constitutional rules, and to gain power. The object of the project is precisely this political attitude, where the legitimate seeking of consensus turned into populism: what are the similarities and differences between ancient and contemporary populism? how far the allegations against ancient populists were well-founded? did populistic attitudes have ideological implications? to what extent populistic methods were effective? what was the people’s feedback? The main output of the project will be the publication of a monograph on the populism in ancient Rome and of three scientific papers; a two-days international conference on “ancient and modern populisms”, open to classicists, modern historians, and political scientists; a course of lectures on the ancient populism in the secondary schools; the creation of an internet site, intended both for scientific and educational use. The Popularitas project will historicize for the first time a much-discussed political phenomenon of our time and highlight similarities (and differences) with the ancient political practice. It will provide the tools for a diachronic assessment of modern populism, opening new research prospects. Its ambition is not only to be useful to the historians of the ancient world, but also to offer to political scientists and sociologist some fresh material and a new starting point for a proper understanding of the phenomenon.

Mots clés : roman history, roman political factions, populism, populares, optimates, plebs, ancient democracy, greek and latin historiography

Participants :
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet RAMBEA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The RAMBEA project will develop a novel computational strategy for accurate and efficient simulations of historical masonry bridges subject to extreme environmental actions, including loadings induced by earthquakes and flooding. The aim is to provide a comprehensive tool for realistic assessment with the potential of transforming current practice related to strengthening of critical assets, contributing to an increased resilience of the built environment and the preservation of important elements of the architectural heritage, thus responding to the safety and socio-economic needs highlighted in Horizon 2020. Old masonry bridges still play a critical role within the European transportation system. Moreover, they belong to the architectural heritage representing a valuable expression of past construction technology. Many of these structures are located in seismic regions and in areas subject to floods and hydrogeological instability which have been aggravated by climate change. Thus they can be exposed to extreme environmental actions which may potentially lead to bridge failure causing significant economic damage and the loss of structures with cultural and historical value. Currently, the response of masonry bridges under extreme loading is evaluated using simplified models due to the lack of efficient detailed models. However, these approaches do not allow for the complex 3D behaviour potentially leading to unrealistic and unsafe predictions. The main challenge of this project is the development of a more advanced strategy, based on a novel numerical description allowing for the 3D interaction between the different bridge components under extreme loading. More specifically, I will develop an efficient 3D finite element representation with macro-elements for the masonry parts of the bridge, an accurate description for the physical interface between masonry and backfill and an effective model calibration strategy utilising the results of non-destructive tests.

Mots clés : natural risk assessment, structural failure, cultural heritage preservation, historical bridges, high, fidelity models, macro models, non linear analyses, seismic and flood risk assessment

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Lipobodies (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The RAS family of GTPases is associated with important signalling events responsible for cell growth, proliferation and survival. Mutated RAS are, nevertheless, associated with uncontrolled cell proliferation in 30% of human cancers. Intracellular antibodies targeting oncogenic RAS proteins constitute promising anticancer therapeutics. Nevertheless, their intrinsic cytosolic instability as well as the lack of methods enabling their proper cellular uptake and localization highly limit their use and further development. This proposal describes the multicomponent synthesis of lipidic scaffolds (lipo-TAGs) for the permanent or temporal site-selective lipidation of anti-RAS antibody fragments. Lipidic antibodies (lipobodies) are novel constructs that could share the properties of any lipid-drug conjugate which includes oral bioavailability, enhanced lymphatic/tumour targeting and reduced toxicity. This project also aims to build amphiphilic lipobodies with the ability to experiment cellular uptake and endosomal escape, thus avoiding lysosomal degradation, and eventually experimenting cytosolic processing to generate the active antibody fragment. These unique features will be relevant not only at targeting RAS but any other intracellular protein or protein-protein interaction targets.

Mots clés : ras proteins, anti ras antibodies, multicomponent reactions, site selective bioconjugation, lipobodies

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet MFP Plus (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Rovira i Virgili University (URV) is well positioned nationally and internationally due to the Excellence of its research and the commitment and internationally recognised staff. URV welcomes annually 11.200 undergraduate, 1.300 masters and 1.200 PhD students. In 2018, it was named World’s 78th Best Young University aged less than 50 years (by THE World University Rankings). At Spanish level, in 2017, URV was the 4th in publications by permanent teaching staff and 7th with Highly Cited Papers per each 100 permanent teaching staff. The URV endorsed the Charter and Code in 2008, obtaining, in April 2014, the HR Exellence in Research award by the EC, renewed in 2017. URV offers doctoral studies distributed in 24 programs in all areas of knowledge, and state of the art facilities in which the fellows can develop their research projects. The URV was granted (and running with great success) a first MSCA-COFUND-DP in 2015 for the implementation of a programme of 50 doctoral positions, with a total value of 8 M€ (4 M€ funded by the EC). With this new COFUND project (MFP Plus), we will offer 50 PhD Positions in two calls (in 2020 and 2021), and we will expand on some critical aspects, the backbone of the doctoral education: diversity to foster innovation (thanks to the explicit support of 59 partner organisations, 21 of which are non-academic); better pportunities for candidates in difficulties; integration with the intelligent specialisation of the region, and improved training and support for the doctoral candidates. Our MFP Plus meets all the necessary conditions to be the catalyst of a larger change in our university and region, starting the process of improving employment and working conditions for all the researchers and creating a real impact of our research and on the fellows’ future career. A highly trained, experienced and professional team, led by the Rector of our university herself, will guarantee a resounding success in the implementation of this project.

Mots clés : doctoral training, transversal skills, phd thesis, co funding

Participants :
- Rovira i Virgili University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 4068000.0 €
Projet SMARTER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The SMARTER (A Scalable and Elastic Platform for Near-Realtime Analytics for The Graph of EveryThing) project aims to build a platform that provide the ability to derive actionable information from enormous amount of data generated by the Internet of Everything to leverage data-driven strategies to innovate, compete, and capture value from deep web and real-time information. The project targets innovative research outcomes by addressing Big Dynamic Data Analytic requirements from three relevant aspects: variety and velocity and volume. The project introduces the concept, “Graph of Everything” (GoT), to deal with the issue of data variety in data analytics for Internet of Things (IoT) data. The Graph of Everything extends Linked Data model (RDF ), that has been widely used for representing deep web data, to connect dynamic data from data streams generated from IoT, e.g. sensor readings, with any knowledgebase to create a single graph as an integrated database serving any analytical queries on a set of nodes/edges of the graph, so called, analytical lens of everything. The dynamic data represented as Linked Data Model, called Linked Stream Data, may contain valuable, but perishable insights which are only valuable if it can be detected to act on them right at the right time. Moreover, to derive such insights, the dynamic data needs to be correlated with various large datasets. Therefore, SMARTER has to deal both the velocity requirements together volume requirements of analysing GoT to make the platform able support near-realtime analytical operations with the elastically scalability.

Mots clés : data analytics, internet of things, linked data

Participants :
- Technische Universität Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
- Fraunhofer Society (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SOCRES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The SOCRES project will investigate the ‘Cantonalist’ revolution, a Spanish socio-republican insurrection which burst out in 1873 in Cartagena, a military harbour in the South East of Spain. Though quite similar to the well-known Paris commune (1871), the Cantonalist insurrection was later totally forgotten, in contrast with its French counterpart. By documenting this experience of a social republicanism built ‘from below’, the SOCRES project hopes to shed new light on the history of political thought. It will also challenge the clichés about the political backwardness of Southern Europe and about the political ‘apathy’ of Spanish society till 1931. In the SOCRES project, a strong attention will be dedicated to the role of exiles, deportees, migrants and seamen in the global diffusion of socio-republican ideas at that time. It will lead to a connected history of 19th-c. Spain, showing that political and cultural movements in the metropolis had both roots and echoes in the colonies (mostly Philippines and Cuba), and in the rest of the world.

Mots clés : republicanism  socialism  municipalism  revolution, peasants  workers  seamen  exiles  deportees  women, cuba  spain  philippines  france  us, transfers  nation  empire  global

Participants :
- Pompeu Fabra University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet Sounds Delicious (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Sounds Delicious project investigates how sound and listening function in different culinary traditions in Denmark and France. The project aims to construct a new interdisciplinary dialogue between Sound Studies and Food Studies that will enrich how we study everyday cooking processes and the gustatory. This study questions how we construct cultural histories of cooking. I suggest that dominant research paradigms based on alphanumeric and visual epistemic practices (words, images, measurements) are insufficient for fully understanding the particular components and choreography of a cook’s practice—and what cooking relates about personal histories and larger social and cultural tendencies. In adopting an aural perspective of the kitchen, I engage alternative methods of perceiving evidence, and I revisit approaches of documentation, analysis and communication of the everyday. In this project sound and sonic practices are both research object and research method—both matter and medium. Sound is used to trace, analyse, even reenact different performances of cooking. I will establish a new corpus of examples documenting sound and aural perception in Danish and French kitchens between the 19th and 21st centuries. In working with a varied set of historical and anthropological tools, I will not only identify sounds in cooking, but introduce performances of cooking in relation to other histories of sonic and sensory knowing.

Mots clés : cooking, sound, listening practices, embodied knowledge, sensory history, historical anthropology

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet SOSiC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Southern Ocean (SO) is the main connection between the sunlit surface and the nutrient- and carbon-rich deep ocean. Deep waters are brought to the surface here, resulting in outgassing of carbon dioxide (CO2) and providing nutrients to the global surface ocean. The SO thus has great importance for the carbon cycle and marine cycles of nutrients, most markedly that of silicon (Si). Si is vitally required by diatoms, siliceous phytoplankton that are important in exporting carbon from the surface ocean and maintaining the ocean’s biological pump, linking the Si and carbon cycles. The SO is the main window via which the ocean exchanges carbon with the atmosphere, and has been implicated in altering atmospheric pCO2 over glacial/interglacial (G/IG) cycles. SO Si cycling has also varied over G/IG timescales, reflected by changes in the accumulation rate and silicon stable isotope composition (d30Si) of diatom opal recovered from sediment cores. These proxies suggest that changes to SO nutrient dynamics allowed it to export Si to the upper ocean in glacial times, with widespread consequences for plankton biogeography, carbon cycling and climate. The d30Si proxy is a vital constraint in these reconstructions, but while extant records demonstrate its potential, they are too sparse and poorly-resolved to allow robust conclusions. Our goal is a step change in our understanding of SO cycling of Si and its isotopes, both in the present and over G/IG cycles. We aim to: - Study the seawater d30Si distribution across the fronts of the SO, in order to better understand modern Si transport between the regions of upwelling (Antarctic zone) and thermocline supply (Subantarctic zone); - Produce high-resolution diatom opal d30Si records from sediment cores in the Antarctic and Subantarctic zones that, informed by insights from the modern ocean and combined with complementary data from collaborators, will provide an unprecedented view of SO Si cycling over the last 150,000 years.

Mots clés : silicon isotopes

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187419.6 €
Projet SOFIE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Southern Ocean overturning circulation exerts a powerful influence on Earth’s climate, and SOFIE is the first project seeking to detect and objectively measure the hydrographic fingerprint of changes in this overturning.The deep waters upwelling in the Southern Ocean account for up to half of the annual oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon from the atmosphere, dominate the global oceanic heat uptake with up to three quarters of the additional heat influx to the ocean occurring south of 30°S, and are a rich source of the nutrients that fertilise the majority of global ocean biological productivity north of 30°S.According to numerical studies, there is consensus that in response to increased westerly winds such as those occurring within contemporary climate change, variations in the overturning circulation are likely to be substantial.However, there is no established approach to provide observational evidence that these variations have occurred or are occurring in oceanographic measurements;and the lack of such an approach stems from the uncertain fingerprint of Southern Ocean overturning circulation changes on measurable oceanographic variables.Based on preliminary results supported by recent studies, SOFIE proposes that changes in the overturning circulation affect discernibly the ocean interior density structure from surface to depth across the Southern Ocean.We will rigorously test this hypothesis in the state-of-the-art numerical NEMO-OPA model, and assess in-situ evidence of overturning changes from the pan–Antarctic Argo network.To do this, SOFIE will combine model diagnostics of the Southern Ocean overturning circulation with the application to the model and in-situ fields of a novel algorithm characterising the vertical structure of the ocean.Given the ocean overturning’s sensitivity to changes in atmospheric forcing,SOFIE results will be a major step to constrain the changing ability of the Southern Ocean to slow down the rate of global climate change.

Mots clés : southern ocean overturning circulation, ocean interior density structure, climate change

Participants :
- University of Southampton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €