Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet DICE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mobile networks are now rising to the status of critical infrastructure: there will be 11.6 billion mobile-connected devices by 2021, exceeding the world’s population. As the market transitions from existing technologies to an all-IP ecosystem, the need to innovate the way services are delivered is critical. This drives us to change our approach to interconnection, leading towards a more global and flexible model. Over the past years we have been witnessing the shift from a unilateral, network-centric communications market to an environment with many market players around the user and its powerful device. Though Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) used to have a monopoly on these services, this is now being challenged. For example, Mobile Network Aggregators (MNAs) such as Google Fi are gaining popularity among end-users. MNAs are able to multiplex clients across multiple MNOs in order to ensure optimal service and sustained quality of experience (QoE). In this context, there is a stringent and immediate need for MNOs to develop sustainable strategies including next-generation interconnections to adapt and remain relevant. Understanding, monitoring and innovating how mobile end-users consume and reach content, especially under dynamic mobility scenarios (e.g., international roaming), is of paramount importance. My scientific goal in this project is to design fluid interconnection models between the end-user, the MNOs and the IP Exchange (IPX) providers. I plan to illuminate the current cellular interconnection ecosystem and design novel solutions to facilitate and enable next-generation IP interconnection models. I propose to explore novel technologies (e.g., distributed ledger technology) that enable MNOs to interact directly and offer their users customized services (e.g., using crypto-currencies). This will increase the number of connected people, while enabling MNOs to extend their coverage and sustain a healthy stream of revenue from market growth.

Mots clés : cellular networks, international roaming, distributed ledger technology, experimentation and testbeds

Participants :
- Telefónica (Spain) (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet SciRepMod (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Modal discourse (about what is possible or necessary) is ubiquitous in science but it is not always easy to identify which kind of necessity (epistemic, natural, conceptual, ...) is involved in a piece of scientific reasoning. This difficulty is a source of debate not only among philosophers, but also among physicists, for example concerning the interpretation of probabilities in quantum mechanics. The aim of the project is to circumvent this problem by examining the representational status of various kinds of modalities: whether they are represented, or whether they play a role in the act of representing, for example, in assessing the credibility of a model. The purpose is to arrive at a means of distinguishing different kinds of modalities pragmatically, so as to provide tools for interpreting the modal aspect of scientific theories and scientific discourse more precisely. The project will focus on a case-study: non-relativistic quantum mechanics, because it offers a rich modal structure (possible states, observables, outcomes, model-parameters) with divergent interpretations. It will consist in developing a plausible account of the representational status of various kinds of modalities, with help from the competence of the host institution on the topics of scientific representation and the philosophy of probabilities, and applying this account to the case study by examining how various modal structures constrain, license or warrant inferences based on quantum mechanical models. It will take into account different scientific aims and activities (explaining, predicting, developing technologies). The project could be useful to scientists, by helping them to have a clear view of the concepts involved when they employ modal discourse. It could inform the way scientific theories are to be interpreted, in particular quantum mechanics. Finally, it could inform debates on the nature of scientific representation and on the relations between various kinds of modalities.

Mots clés : scientific representation, modality, quantum mechanics

Participants :
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet QuAre (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Modern advanced and high value fuel cell systems are monitored by multiple embedded sensors which transmit a large amount of data every few seconds. Unfortunately, service engineers are still faced with the challenging task of identifying the causes of a failure by manually investigating not only the streaming sensor data but also a wide range of structured, semi-structured and unstructured monitoring data. At the same time, they are required to have a thorough knowledge of the full operating mechanism. Our overarching aim is to utilise next generation deep learning and knowledge technology paradigms (i.e. ontology-based systems, knowledge-graph based systems) to represent this monitoring knowledge in a human and machine processible form such that decision-making processes can be automated and deeper engineering insights can be obtained. To achieve this, we will implement a radically cross-disciplinary methodological approach, by developing new spatio-temporal knowledge representations and reasoning and instilling them with natural language processing techniques. This will result in a novel paradigm for truly intelligent cyber physical systems. The QuAre paradigm will be put to test and fine tuned on the diagnosis and prognosis of polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems. On the training side, this project is designed to instill the applicant with a niche set of core skills on question answering over knowledge graph embeddings, knowledge management retrieval, and natural language generation; these will position the researcher at the fore-front of intelligent knowledge representation and establish her as a leading researcher in the field of question answering. The project is further designed to provide the researcher with cutting edge teaching, leadership, and communication skills so that by the end of this project she will be ready to pursue her first permanent academic position.

Mots clés : question answering, knowledge representation and reasoning, fuel cell systems, diagnosis and prognosis, ontology

Participants :
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165085.44 €
Projet DIEinPEACE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modern computational methods of quantum chemistry are valuable and well-established tools for interpretations, refinements, and even predictions of experimental results. Recent advances within linear-scaling (with the system size) approaches allowed routine and efficient treatments of electronic structures of much larger molecular systems than those accessible in previous decades. This has the potential to extend the applicability of quantum chemistry to very large biomolecules. However, reaching a close to linear-scaling behavior for a single point calculation is by no means near to providing an efficient description of the total potential energy surface. Because potential energy surfaces are cornerstones for obtaining a detailed knowledge of reactivity, photochemical properties, vibrational motion, etc., development of a computationally inexpensive but accurate quantum chemical methodology for potential energy surface calculations of large biomolecules (such as proteins) is of extreme importance for chemical science. The proposed project aims at filling this gap by developing an ab initio, linear-scaling, and "black-box" machinery for protein potential energy surfaces calculations, where the linear-scaling refers to the total computational cost. This will be achieved by combining ideas of partitioning the total system into subsystems and incremental expansions of potential energy surfaces with efficient and accurate computational algorithms and modern concepts of machine leaning. The proposed strategy will enable theoretical spectra simulations for much larger biomolecules. This will significantly advance the current stage of the field and help to reveal many new and intricate details about structures and dynamics of proteins.

Mots clés : theoretical method development, potential energy surface, ab initio methods, incremental, many body expansion, density based embedding, gaussian process regression

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet ConCatenaTion (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Modern methods of construction (MMC), which are highly precise, improve safety and reduce waste due to their streamlined manufacturing and construction processes, are essential to address global deficits in residential accommodation supply, reduce homelessness and housing cost overburden, whilst targeting UN sustainable development goals 11 and 13 (sustainable cities and communities and climate action, respectively). Despite its benefits, MMC use is limited worldwide, with the lack of knowledge/guidelines on the interaction between structural components and connection system behaviour playing a major role. Built offsite, cold-formed steel (CFS) load-bearing panelised construction is a MMC that offers additional advantages over standard construction such as high recyclability, ease of construction and reduced structural weight, which all combine to reduce construction-related carbon emissions. However, little understanding exists on the robustness of such structures, exacerbated by lack of published testing and modelling data. This fellowship aims to develop a novel connection prototype to enable the utilisation of catenary action within the disproportionate collapse resistance mechanism in CSF MMC. This research will, for the first time, provide much-needed design guidance and structural idealisations for use in global structural models necessary for the robust design of CFS panelised structures against disproportionate collapse. Project aims will be achieved through 1) small and medium-scale structural testing, and 2) replication of structural behaviour using advanced numerical analysis to progress a comprehensive understanding of the complex interaction between components, enabling the development of new connection design criteria that includes catenary action. The project findings will be disseminated without prejudice (typically this is not the case in the field), leading to safer and more sustainable structures and higher uptake of CFS MMC in the industry.

Mots clés : disproportionate collapse, cold formed steel, catenary action, large deformations, connection design, structural robustness, numerical analysis, experimental testing, modern methods of construction

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196590.72 €
Projet NormNets (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modern network science has introduced exciting new opportunities for understanding the brain as a complex system of interacting units in both health and disease and across the human lifespan. Despite the rapidly growing interdisciplinary science of complex networks, which spans the range from genetic and metabolic networks all the way up to social and economic systems, it remains a formidable challenge to identify the most representative and shared brain alterations caused by a specific disorder (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease), namely ‘disorder signature’, in a population of brain networks, let alone multi-modal brain networks where each brain network is derived from a particular neuroimaging modality (e.g., functional or diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI or dMRI)). Such integral signature can be revealed by what I name as a multimodal connectional brain template (CBT), which would constitute an unprecedented contribution to network neuroscience, rooted in firstly learning brain connectivity normalization and secondly foreseeing its evolution. During this fellowship, I will develop NormNets, a novel technique leveraging the power of geometric deep-learning to meet this challenge by normalizing a population of multimodal brain networks. Particularly, NormNets tools will substantially advance the field of network neuroscience by estimating not only an integral but also a predictive mapping of neurological disorders. In addition to the multi-disciplinary high-quality training I will receive at both host and secondment institutions, this fellowship will remarkably consolidate and accelerate my career on the international landscape scene in the new cross-disciplinary area of “geometric deep learning & integration connectomics” I will pioneer during this fellowship. With the endorsement of international multi-sectoral stakeholders, open NormNets resources will impact on and contribute towards the development of connectomics-rooted predictive precision medicine.


Participants :
- Istanbul Technical University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 145355.52 €
Projet TargetDUBs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modification of proteins with ubiquitin (Ub), itself a small protein, is a fundamental mechanism involved in regulation of almost all cellular functions. There are hundreds of enzymes involved in the addition or removal of Ub, and this system has emerged as an important drug target in many diseases. Ubiquitin Carboxy-Terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a member of the UCH family of deubiquitinases (DUBs), and is the most abundant protein in the brain. UCHL1 dysregulation has been shown to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, various types of cancers (colorectal, breast, prostate, ovarian, and lung cancers), and liver fibrosis. However, its actual functions, endogenous substrates, and how its activity is regulated in vivo, both in pathological and healthy tissues, remain poorly understood. To overcome these limitations and to realize the unmet therapeutic opportunities, I will develop and synthesize activity-based probes to selectively target UCHL1, and will apply them to the identification and quantification of UCH enzymes in several cancer cells using activity-based protein profiling. This will provide a unique tool to explore a wide range of DUBs and UCH biology in cells, as well as a starting point to develop selective inhibitors and potential therapeutics. Simultaneously, I will develop and synthesize irreversible PROTACs to selectively degrade UCHL1 and will apply them to quantitatively assess their effect on UCH enzymes in several in vitro cancer and fibrosis models using proteome-wide proteomics experiments. PROTACs are two-headed molecules capable to direct E3 ubiquitin ligase activity towards the target protein, driving its degradation by proteasome. I anticipate that novel PROTACs based on inhibitors that target UCHL1 would provide a unique tool to degrade UCHL1 and prevent deubiquitination, assisting discovery of novel UCHL1 substrates and providing a new paradigm for targeting UCHL1 in disease.

Mots clés : activity based probes, protacs, in vitro and cell based assays

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet FunStructure (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Modifications of the structure and intrinsic excitability of neurons (i.e. “structural plasticity” and “intrinsic plasticity”) have been proposed to contribute significantly in encoding memory in synergy with synaptic plasticity and have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is still largely unclear how changes in intrinsic excitability affect structural plasticity and how this affects circuit function. A better understanding of this two-way interdependence is crucial to understand how brain circuits encode memory engrams and are affected by diseases. Here I propose to investigate the two sides of this function-structure relationship choosing cerebellar climbing fibers (CF) as a model. Using in vivo viral delivery in the inferior olive nucleus (where climbing fibers originate), electrophysiology, optogenetics and confocal microscopy I will modulate CF function or structure acutely in slice or chronically in vivo and analyze the corresponding effect on CF morphology or physiology, respectively. I will use previously developed viral constructs to silence the expression of the growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) or voltage-gated sodium channels to induce structural modifications or a reduction of excitability in CFs, respectively; I will also use optogenetics to specifically stimulate transduced CFs in slice and a recently established conditional knockout mouse for SK2-type calcium-gated potassium channels to increase CF excitability. In order to investigate how CF function and structure may be modified in pathological conditions I will focus on the effects of the upregulation of the RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) observed in MS and related to alterations of neuronal excitability and axonal structure. This project will show how CF activity can modify its structure and PF plasticity rules, contributing to memory formation and disease.

Mots clés : cerebellum, climbing fiber, purkinje cell, intrinsic plasticity, structural plasticity, synaptic plasticity, sk channels, gap 43, rest, excitability, electrophysiology

Participants :
- Italian Institute of Technology (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet EIM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Molecular structure determination is vital for biochemistry, life science, and drug industry. A complete determination of the molecular structure requires both the structural skeleton and atoms therein to be identified. Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy provided a method to image the real-space structural skeleton of planar organic molecule, however, the chemical identities of each atom that comprise the molecule are yet to be determined. In this proposal, I systematically analyze the physical principle for elemental identification in single molecules and propose a practical method to identify each atom using point spectrum with non-contact atomic force microscope.


Participants :
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202680.96 €
Projet COMPHIL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Monograph Project: Composing Philosophy: Amateurism and Aesthetics in Twentieth- and Twenty-First-Century Music Since around 1900, composers of classical music have mined philosophical texts for compositional material: in other words, they have “composed philosophy.” Starting with musical adaptations of Friedrich Nietzsche’s works, compositions that set texts taken from philosophical works, use operatic librettos on philosophers’ lives, or include a philosophical program have become increasingly common. Yet scholarship has produced a limited view of the practice, primarily due to the tendency in historical musicology to heavily privilege the works of canonical composers. And problematically, in cases where major composers have themselves “composed philosophy,” such as in Gustav Mahler’s Symphony no. 3, from 1896 (in which he sets a text from Nietzsche’s _Also Sprach Zarathustra_) or in Steve Reich’s _Proverb_, from 1995 (in which he sets a phrase from Ludwig Wittgenstein), scholars have frequently also assumed that musical mastery, or even genius, translates to an expert understanding and therefore use of philosophical material. My project offers a new view of “composing philosophy” as something done from the standpoint of philosophical amateurism—my term for engaging deeply with philosophy while being inexpert in it—irrespective of whether composers are students, canonical figures, or something in between. By looking at the larger practice of “composing philosophy” through the lens of philosophical amateurism, we can gain insight into how this seemingly esoteric practice intersects with more popularizing concepts of philosophy, the ways in which music can complicate and transform how philosophical source material is heard or understood, and the reasons that the practice has become an increasingly common preoccupation for composers.

Mots clés : twentieth century musical composition, adaptation of philosophical texts, amateurism, philosophy poetry relationship, gender and sexuality studies

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 112466.88 €