Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SLIPPED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the dual processes of desistance from crime and recovery from addiction within the same population. The research therefore targets a thus far neglected area of scholarly study. Specifically, the aims of the Fellowship are twofold, i) to understand the personal, social, and structural factors that contribute towards ‘long-term’ desistance and recovery, and ii) to explore why individuals who had achieved more than three years success in both processes then experience relapse and recidivism. The research process will have three avenues of investigation, i) an interdisciplinary review of relevant literature and studies from the disciplines of Criminology and Addiction Studies, ii) an analysis of relevant legislature, and iii) sixty semi-structured qualitative interviews to uncover the nuances and complexities of maintenance and relapse in long-term desistance and recovery. Research data will be collected in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and Dublin, Republic of Ireland. The researcher will work out of the host institution, Queens University Belfast, under the supervision of a world leader in the field, Prof. Shadd Maruna. Participants will be recruited through a careful and determined process, overseen by the research supervisor, which will engage with statutory and non-statutory supervision and support services for former offenders and recovering substance misusers. The project will generate new knowledge relevant for the H2020 societal challenges 1 (Health, Demographic Change and Wellbeing) and 7 (Secure Societies). Further, the European Union Drugs Strategy 2013-20 identifies achieving a better understanding of addiction recovery and rehabilitation as central to the task of ‘Demand Reduction’.

Mots clés : desistance, crime, recovery, addiction, resettlement, rehabilitation

Participants :
- Queen's University Belfast (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet ASTROMULTISCALE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The primary purpose of the proposed project is a deeper understanding of instabilities in plasmas and their influence on transport phenomena and large-scale dynamical processes. The studies will be focused on nonlinear regime of development of the firehose and mirror instabilities triggered by pressure anisotropy spontaneously generated in stellar-wind environments by large-scale expansion/compression effects and plasma turbulence. Recent studies of microphysics of the instabilities have provided systematic knowledge on saturation effects in nonlinear regime and related wave-particle interactions. This opens a possibility of investigation of a feedback between the microphysics and large-scale dynamics. The project is anticipated to provide answers to the questions: what is the effective collisionality of a pressure-anisotropic plasma that is unstable or marginally stable to the firehose and mirror instabilities and how does it change the effective pressure tensor (viscous stress) used in fluid description of plasmas? Results of the project are expected to be important for general plasma physics as related to the problem of multiscale phenomena in plasmas and coupling between microphysics and macrophysical processes. In particular, the results can help in better understanding of the dynamics of galaxy cluster plasmas, dynamical processes in stellar winds and planetary magnetospheres. The studies will be done by numerical simulations using state-of-the-art kinetic and fluid models of plasma dynamics. A numerical setup will be developed analogous to experimental setups used for classical viscosity measurements in fluids. This virtual setup will be used to measure stresses caused by development of instabilities in plasmas. A related problem of thermalization of microinstabilities into kinetic waves cascade will be also investigated. The entire modeling framework will be validated by comparison of simulation results with spacecraft measurements in turbulent solar wind.

Mots clés : plasma instabilities, kinetic and fluid description of plasmas

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet Renal Flow (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The principal role of the kidneys is the critical regulation of our electrolyte balance, through an integrated system of reabsorption and secretion of fluid and electrolytes. Once blood is filtered in the glomeruli, renal electrolyte reabsorption rate has to be adjusted to the variable electrolyte load associated with fluctuations of the pro-urine flow. The variable flow of pro-urine results in changing fluid-shear stress (FSS) that activates mechanosensitive signalling pathways in the epithelial cells of the renal tubule. Hence, the kidney’s sensing ability adapts epithelial function to the dynamic tubular environment. Preliminary data from the host laboratory shows that polycystin-1 (PC1), a mechanosensitive entity in renal epithelia, is involved in the FSS-mediated signalling response by increasing the ATP release. Moreover, mice with a kidney-specific knockout of the PC1 encoding gene, Pkd1, exhibit significant electrolyte imbalances. The focus of the present project proposal is to elucidate how FSS modulates renal electrolyte handling by exploiting PC1-deficient renal cells and animal models. This will provide new insights into the flow-sensing mechanisms in the kidney. Specifically, the role of ATP-mediated signalling pathways in the regulation of ion channels and transporters in the distal part of the nephron will be investigated. To this end, the following work packages will be addressed: A) Control of electrolyte reabsorption by FSS. Assess the expression and function of FSS-regulated transporter proteins in Pkd1-/- cells. B) Translation of FSS into ATP signalling to regulate renal electrolyte handling. It is my aim to identify the downstream proteins involved in FSS-mediated ATP signalling and decipher their role in electrolyte handling in vivo. Taken together, this project focuses on the FSS-mediated signalling pathways. The goal is to elucidate the regulation exerted on ion channels and transporters linking the variable flow-rate of the pro-urine

Mots clés : electrolyte reabsorption, flow, shear stress, kidney, magnesium, sodium, calcium

Participants :
- Radboud University Nijmegen (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175572.48 €
Projet UniswithHeart (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The problem of sexual violence in universities and institutions is getting international attention. In this watershed moment, European Student Networks of Support (SNS) are progressively acting to prevent and face this problem. This project aims (1) to study in which ways do social movements struggle to eradicate sexual violence to contribute to the creation of networks of support in higher education; inquiring on social actors engaged, resistances faced and overall, how are contexts of zero tolerance in which victims feel empowered to speak up shaped. Power structures and complicities are often limiting student movements from effective organizing in preventing harassment. Drawing from this, the project pretends (2) to uncover effective strategies and mechanisms of SNS and the movement against sexual violence in universities, focusing on how it successfully performs and got to be so widely recognized. The emergence of these social movements count on the support of active bystanders, including scholars who develop research and action for and with the public, committed with improving the existing civil society worldwide. In this line, (3) the role of public sociology in promoting SNS is also explored. Their empowerment is influencing not only academic policies against sexual violence but also political changes, legislations. Thus, impact is expected on three realms: on personal and professional success of direct and second order victims of sexual harassment in academia; on effective university policies; as well as on regulations beyond academic institutions. The gap to be filled (in Europe) focuses on the emerging and articulation of Student Networks of Support illustrating the knowledge of their development and repercussion while successfully influencing administrations, political spheres and legislations, making the EU leader not only in social science research but also in contributing to foster pioneer regulations against gender-based violence.

Mots clés : sexual violence, social movements, student networks, violence prevention, university

Participants :
- University of Deusto (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 245732.16 €
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet NMRCement (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

The production of cement is predicted to account for 25% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions by 2025. There is a need to produce novel reduced CO2 cement materials to reduce global carbon emissions. This project aims to characterise a novel silicate glass material for the production of reduced CO2 cement. The novel silicate glass utilises nanoscale phase separations to enhance the reactivity. The goal of this work is two fold: first, to systematically study the tuneability of the reactivity and nanoscale phase separations in the silicate glass and second, to characterise the glass and cement samples with advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. First, enhanced reactivity of glasses has previously been observed but has not been systematically studied. The composition of the silicate glass will be changed to study the tuneability of the reactivity and phase separations. The studies will be conducted using standard experiments such as solid state NMR for studying the chemical bonding and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for visualising phase separations. The results of these studies will contribute to knowledge in glass science and produce a reduced CO2 cement material. Second, the glass and cement will be studied with advanced NMR methods. NMR is a research tool that has previously proven successful in studying the pore structures of glasses and cements. This proposal will utilise breakthroughs in NMR technology, ultrafast Laplace NMR (LNMR) and hyperpolarisaton, to gain further insight into the microstructure of samples. Ultrafast LNMR enhances the time sensitivity of LNMR scans by 2-4 magnitudes and reduces scan time by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarisation enhances the sensitivity of NMR scans by 2-5 orders of magnitude. Together these methods will be used to enhance the time resolution and sensitivity of NMR methods. The results of these studies will produce new NMR methodology and provide novel data in glass and cement samples.

Mots clés : cement, glass, hyperpolarisation

Participants :
- University of Oulu (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 190680.96 €
Projet COMPLEX (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The production of sustainable energy that generates a clear and net greenhouse gas saving is one of the main EU objectives. Nature provides with the most efficient energy infrastructures known today. A deeper understanding of photosynthetic systems, and how energy transfers within its different subunits would show us the way to efficient energy flow, opening the path to the fabrication of highly efficient solar cells and transmission networks. The aim of the COMPLEX project is to provide insight to the energy conversion and transfer in complex molecular systems. We will develop and identify methods used in quantum mechanics, statistics and quantum information theory to model the energy transport in complex networks. Optimisation methods from mathematics and engineering will be applied to analyse biolological and artificially fabricated systems. Findings will be transfered to other related systems such as nano-engineered networks of nanofibers and polymers, which are designed for efficient transport with applications in organic solar cells and light-emitting devices and to further complex systems. This breakthrough in the state-of-the-art in terms of understanding energy flow in complex networks will take place by applying and transferring the specialised knowledge of Dr. Mirta Rodriguez, a Physics Researcher back from a research career break and specialist in the field of complex quantum systems dynamics, through scientific leadership to the research team at ZIB, where the computational infrastructure and knowledge and will be available to the Fellow. Specialist knowledge in applied technologies and innovation management gained by the Felow during her career break from R&D in Physics, will ensure that the results attained within the COMPLEX project will not only remain as basic research. Providing the European energy sector proper understanding of the energy flow mechanisms in complex networks will be revolutionary for sustainable energy production and energy

Mots clés : energy transfer, laser physics, photosynthetic complex

Participants :
- Zuse Institute Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet ENGAGE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The program “Enabling the next generation of computational physicists and engineers” (ENGAGE) will train 20 Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) to use advanced computer technologies and methodologies for scientific discovery and innovation. The Cyprus Institute is the beneficiary of ENGAGE, having established an interdisciplinary PhD program in Computational Sciences. ENGAGE pools together leading experts from major research centers and from some of Europe's best Universities to train the ESRs in high performance computing (HPC), data science approaches such as machine and deep learning (ML), and quantum computing (QC) and to apply them for solving problems from physics and engineering. The ESRs will learn to use mathematical modeling, to design scalable algorithms, to understand computer architectures and the principles of QC, and to use neural and tensor networks to analyze and extract information from large complex data sets obtained in high energy experiments and from synchrotron light facilities. They will experience different research environments via secondments to universities and to experimental and computational facilities as well as to industry. They will be trained to present their results and hold scientific discussions with researchers from different thematic domains, all of whom share common cross-disciplinary competencies in the pursuit of complex problems, which aim to advance our understanding of nature and to lead to innovative applications. The interdisciplinary program ENGAGE combines the expertise of researchers from institutions across Europe, from Cyprus, Greece and Italy to Germany and France as well as from SESAME, the Middle East's only major experimental synchrotron light facility. ENGAGE responds to the rapid developments in HPC, ML, and the emerging field of QC that have the power to transform the way research is carried out across disciplines. These developments require researchers with well-rounded training, that ENGAGE aspires to deliver.

Mots clés : computational sciences, molecular dynamics, lattice gauge theories, analysis of large data sets, synchrotron light applications

Participants :
- Cyprus Institute (Chypre) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1681440.0 €
Projet ISC-Oslo (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project "Incremental Sound Change in Oslo" (ISC-Oslo) will investigate the socio-demographic origins of five ongoing phonetic changes in a post-hoc phonetic analysis of two corpora from the early 2000s. Working-class children and youth have been identified as one of the main sources of language change. Their lexical, syntactic or phonetic innovations are often disregarded by non-linguists as slang, but it has been shown that these innovations can lead to change within pre-existing dialects and even new social dialects. Due to the fact that these innovations often at first escape social monitoring, this process is referred to by Labov as "changes from below" and has been identified in a number of urban studies. The most common – yet, elusive – changes from below are phonetic. These types of changes accumulate generation after generation and result in the evolution of new dialects and languages. What is poorly understood, however, is the role of multiethnolects in this process. These are new varieties formed by the ethnically diverse speakers in Europe’s urban neighborhoods. Like many European cities, Oslo is witnessing the emergence of a new working-class sociolect spoken by the second and third generation descendants of non-western labor and refugee migrants. Multiethnolects have typically been examined within the lens of youth argot or second-language acquisition. ISC-Oslo, however, takes a different point of departure. It seeks to apply Labov’s theory on speakers of multiethnolects, who often have the same socioeconomic profiles as the innovators describes in his studies. The main focus of ISC-Oslo will be twofold. First it would develop an automatic phonetic aligner to phonetically annotate two large corpora collected in the early 2000s. Second, it would analyze the production of five innovative features that are circulating today to identify whether they originated from youth of migrant origin in the early 2000s.

Mots clés : changes from below, nordic dialectology, contact linguistics, multiethnolect, oslo dialect, norwegian, nordic linguistics, variationist sociolinguistics

Participants :
- University of Oslo (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202158.72 €
Projet DETRIMODE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project DETRIMODE (DEgradationTRIggered by MOdular Design) aims at the development of a methodology for the modular synthesis of Targeted Protein Degradation Inducers (TPDI), designed as bifunctional molecules apt to the degradation of target proteins via recruitment of the ubiquitin proteasome system, a process with therapeutic prospects if applied to disease driving proteins. TPDIs are comprised of an E3 ligase ligand and a target protein ligand joined by a spacer (linker), to bring the ubiquitinating system and the target protein in close proximity, so to promote degradation of the latter. The formation of the ternary complex (target protein-TPDI-E3 ligase) is an articulated process influenced by a series of factors, such as ligands affinity, linker length and composition and molecular features of the proteins involved. The project tackles this endeavour in stages of increasing innovation, progressively incrementing the scope, flexibility and efficiency of modular synthetic access to arrays of tripartite molecules via protected, solid grafted intermediates, combinable with a variety of target ligands. New chemical entities TPDIs will be generated targeting selected purinome proteins oncology-related. This project will be pursued within the Chemical Core Technologies Dept. of a fully integrated company (NMS), engaged in the discovery and development of new small molecule based drugs. Organic and solid phase chemistry, computational and structural chemistry, molecular and cell biology, among others, will be exploited to achieve the project’s goal. In such multidisciplinary environment, this new technology will grow at the same speed with the researcher’s medchem competence, increasing the chance of mutual success. DETRIMODE outcomes will be shared with peers, while updates on its progresses as well as general information on how EC-funded research have impact on the general public will be communicated by a number of means, bringing science closer to society


Participants :
- Nerviano Medical Sciences (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet TRANSlation (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project Trans in Translation (acronym: TRANSlation) focuses on Polish gender transition narratives published on selected social media in order to investigate their use of multilingual and cultural/linguistic translation practices in navigating local/global gender and sexuality discourses. TRANSlation will answer the question of how such creative language of transition stories works to individualize, localize and modernize the representation of transition, resisting the understanding of “transsexuality” – still prevalent in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) – as a concept imposed by powerful Western medical epistemologies and their textualities. In order to answer this question, a continuously updated corpus of blogs and YouTube channels will be created and investigated linking linguistic/cultural approaches to multilingualism/translation – including queer, feminist, postcolonial and ecological perspectives – with procedures from corpus linguistics, critical discourse analysis, narrative and multimodal analysis. With such a multidisciplinary methodology, while the focus on multilingualism and translation embeds it in language and translation studies, TRANSlation offers significant contributions to gender and sexuality studies and postcolonial studies as areas of the social sciences. TRANSlation offers an original, innovative and unprecedented study on the production of knowledge by Polish transgender social media users; operationalizing the explanatory potential of concepts, themes and connections applied in the project it will also significantly benefit modern linguistic and translation theory. TRANSlation will also contribute to a better social and scientific understanding of gender transition and greater visibility and social awarness of transgender issues through the investigation of transition narratives and active collaboration with transgender NGOs in Poland. This way, TRANSlation will aid the EU’s work towards more equal and inclusive European societies.

Mots clés : transgender, gender transition, transsexuality, gender and sexuality, translation, transcultural, multilingualism, critical discourse analysis, narrative analysis, multimodal analysis, feminism, queer

Participants :
- Cardiff University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €