Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet HYBRIS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Uprisings that broke out on the southern shores of the Mediterranean in 2011 and the waves of migration that followed have shed light on the resurgence of Islamist movements in North Africa and on a renewed presence of Islamic communities in the Western world. On the one hand, media, policymakers, and national intelligence services have increasingly focused on the integration of Muslim communities in host countries. However, these analyses have been limited to the house-keeping relations between migrant communities and the host states, and have not explored the transformative dynamics of Islamist movements when they go transnational. On the other hand, while studies on Islamic activism have effectively highlighted the role of domestic and international factors in transforming the organisation and ideology of Islamist actors, the literature has barely focused on the transnational dimension as an analytical space of enquiry in itself. Indeed, scholarly work on the topic has not systematically investigated the impact of trans-nationalisation dynamics on the ideological, organisational and socio-political dimensions of movements. This gap led to simplistic analyses based on a monolithic interpretation of Islamist movements relying on the dichotomy moderation/radicalisation. HYBRIS aims to overcome this gap by examining the hybrid trajectories of transnational Islamism in a systematic way and from a cross-country perspective. The project will break new ground in the field by mapping the different trajectories of Ennahda and the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) starting from the ties and networks that activists and organisations belonging to the two movements have created between geographically distant locations. It will do so by analysing two intertwined dimensions of the process of trans-nationalisation, digital activism and re-localisation dynamics, taking Islamist movements and their transnational expansion in the European and North American contexts as case studies.

Mots clés : islamism, transnational activism, networks

Participants :
- Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- The new school (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Bologne (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 265099.2 €
Projet SLIDE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The nature of dark matter is one of the most fundamental and striking open questions in modern astrophysics. Despite the success of the favoured Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model in explaining observations of structures on scales larger than 1 Mpc, in reality a wide range of dark matter models are allowed, motivated to varying degrees by particle physics assumptions, and the tension between the CDM predictions and observations on galactic and sub-galactic scales. A combination of simulated predictions and observational data is essential to enhance our understanding of our Universe and set constraints on dark matter from astrophysical phenomena. The primary goal of this MSC project is to generate transformative predictions by filling the existing gap between advanced hydrodynamical simulations in the standard cold dark matter model and the alternative dark matter field, where predictions for observations have been so far often derived from dark-matter-only simulations or simulations of very small samples. This will be achieved through (1) the creation of an innovative set of hydrodynamical simulations spanning a wide range of dark matter models and including the physics of baryons and (2) the integration with an efficient pipeline to produce realistic mock observations. These will allow me to (3) compare the properties of simulated and observed objects and derive the new accurate predictions of the combined effect of dark matter and baryons on a number of observables, focusing on the gravitational lensing signal. I will address a number of open questions, such as: is dark matter cold, warm or self-interacting? Will future lensing observations be able to exclude models alternative to CDM? Do these models reproduce the observed scaling relations for galaxies? What will ALMA, ELT, LSST or Euclid tell us about the nature of dark matter? The University of Bologna is the optimum location for this project, thanks to an ideal combination of expertise and computing resources.

Mots clés : gravitational lensing, hydrodynamical simulations

Participants :
- Université de Bologne (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet CARLITO (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The practical application of conventional lasers is often hampered by inherent difficulties related to their bulky, expensive and highly coherent nature. Some of these issues can be overcome by so-called Random Lasers (RL), devices in which laser emission stems from the random walk of photons in a disordered medium. However, achieving efficient, tunable, and stable RL remains difficult to date. A large variety of nanostructured metals and semiconductors, organic dyes and quantum dots (QDs) were proposed as passive or active scatterers to fabricate RLs. However, organic dyes usually suffer from rapid photo-bleaching, while semiconductor QDs are affected by fluorescence blinking and their toxicity can be a serious pitfall in biomedical RL applications. CARLITO proposes the use of carbon nanostructured materials (CNMs) to design an entirely new class of RLs for a wide range of photonic applications, where a stable and low-threshold RL is obtained by the combined use of different CNMs as active and passive light scatterers. The ambitious goal of CARLITO is designing the first all-carbon-based RL (ACRL), capable to yield high-quality RL from hybrid CNMs, by taking advantage of the peculiar electronic properties of different zero-, one- and two-dimensional nanocarbons. ACRLs will be a new family of low-cost, non-toxic and fully biocompatible RL devices, which can be easily tuned to emit photons within the entire visible spectral region. Achieving these targets will advance RLs well beyond the current state-of-the-art, favouring their transition into real-world technology, such as in live cell microscopy, speckle free imaging and sensing. In particular, the application of ACRLs in speckle free imaging will be directly tested within the scope of CARLITO.

Mots clés : carbon nanodots, photoluminescence, carbon nanostructured materials, disordered medium, random laser, speckle free imaging, sensing

Participants :
- Université de Palerme (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 188590.08 €
Projet TULAR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Fundamental transitions in societies can be caused by several factors; amongst those, human connectivity can have a pivotal role. The TULAR project focuses on human mobility and transculturality (the coexistence of diverse culture) in archaeological sites, investigating their impact on cultural and political dynamics in ancient populations of pre-Roman Italy. The project will combine traditional archaeology (the analysis of funerary ritual and material culture) and cutting-edge scientific tools (multi-isotope, aDNA and data analysis) to provide a new understanding and novel instruments for interpreting the dynamic of interaction, formation, and development of emerging complex society in the Mediterranean. The Etruscans of pre-Roman Italy are optimally suited to exploring this phenomenon, having woven webs of networks across the peninsula and experienced considerable socio-political changes (e.g., the passage from villages to cities) in their formative phases. TULAR (Etruscan for border) examines principal proto-Etruscan frontier sites, where fluctuation in transculturality is commonplace. Despite all being initially part of the same network, those sites experience diverse cultural and political outcomes, suggesting variation in network development and offering the optimal dataset for the study. TULAR will revise the traditional narrative of the Etruscan civilisation, so important for contacts in temperate and Mediterranean Europe, providing a compelling reworking of our understanding of the European Iron Age. Meanwhile, it will offer a methodological blueprint for studying transculturality and socio-political development globally, framing new directions in research on mobility and its impact on ancient societies.

Mots clés : mediterranean archaeology iron age italy etruscans human mobility multi isotope analysis 87sr 86sr,  18o,  34s,  13c,  15n cross disciplinary approach

Participants :
- Université Johann Wolfgang Goethe de Francfort-sur-le-Main (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Bologne (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet MagPhoni (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

A fundamental problem in many-body physics is the behaviour of collective degrees of freedom (DOF) in finite temperatures. The ubiquitous quasiparticle paradigm – phonons for vibrational DOF and magnons for magnetic DOF - linearizes the theory to arrive at an independent particle description. That this picture fails in finite temperatures is well-known and is usually addressed through a perturbative approach, supplementing the ideal plane waves with magnon-magnon and phonon-phonon scattering. Similarly, spin-lattice coupling can also compromise the validity of the phonon and magnon pictures. Spin-lattice interaction has recently attracted increased experimental and theoretical attention, given its potential significance in many subfields of material science, such as spin-thermoelectrics and spintronics. Still, most treatments remain perturbative, offering only renormalized resonances and finite excitation lifetimes. The inadequacy of such a description is immediately apparent for paramagnetism, or structural phase transitions, where the original ordered ground state of the quasiparticle is gone. This study sets out to establish a new conceptual framework for measuring and evaluating magnon-phonon interactions in crystals, adopting a phenomenological self-energy description which makes no assumptions about the magnitude of the effect. We will model the effect using many-body Green's functions to parameterize the excitation's correlation function and map the interaction into the diffuse X-ray pattern of archetypical systems (Fe, MnO, Co). Next, we will apply the generalized scheme to measure magnetic excitations in metal-organic frameworks inaccessible by traditional probes. Finally, I will explore the existence of paramagnons and magnetic phase transition above the Néel temperature. All three avenues, realized under a shared scheme, offer insight into a new unified phenomenological theory for vibrational-magnetic excitations in finite temperatures.

Mots clés : magnons phonons anharmonicity many body green s functions

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276187.92 €
Projet S-IRLum (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Iberian peninsula contains many sites essential to the current understanding of human evolution and population movement, including some of the oldest evidence of hominin occupation in Europe at over a million years ago. However, many of these late Early and Middle Pleistocene sites are challenging to date due to their old age and the scarcity of applicable methods. The main aim of this project is to develop luminescence-based dating tools targeted to such sites, thereby addressing this chronological gap. The S-IRLum project consists of a combination of method development on two complementary luminescence-based dating techniques―infra-red radiofluorescence (IR-RF) and infra-red photoluminescence (IRPL)―at single-grain resolution and their application to three important sites of Early and Middle Pleistocene age in Northern and Southern Spain. Development of an automated spatially resolved analysis through an ultra low-light imaging detection system is the only possibility to isolate grains with appropriate characteristics and avoid contamination by unwanted signal from other minerals. By analysing individual sediment grains, such methods will also be sensitive to natural sediment re-working events, a common occurrence in cave environments, thus increasing the accuracy of resulting ages. The research output will provide (i) an efficient and reproducible analysis pipeline for spatially-resolved luminescence dating and (ii) robust multi-method chronostratigraphies for the three dated sites, providing further insight into the timing of hominin arrival in Spain and the technological developments of these populations, such as the use of fire.

Mots clés : geochronology, luminescence dating, human evolution

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260347.92 €
Projet Deep EpiDyn (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Reconstructing epidemic dynamics in real-time has become crucial for effective disease management, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional methods rely on epidemiological data (e.g., reported cases), which can be biased or incomplete due to variable testing policies, particularly in resource-limited settings. Instead, phylodynamics has emerged as a valuable toolkit for using viral phylogenies to understand epidemic dynamics. However, conventional phylodynamic methods rely on mathematical formulas and approximations, which are not scalable to large datasets and are time-consuming, limiting their use primarily to retrospective rather than real-time analysis.  This proposal aims to transform phylodynamics by integrating it with deep learning to bypass the cumbersome likelihood calculations, thereby facilitating real-time analysis directly from sequence data. I will develop innovative deep learning models to explore the relationships between phylogenetic trees and epidemiological parameters of viruses with epidemic potential, such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza, RSV, and mpox. These models are designed to rapidly and accurately estimate time-varying epidemiological metrics, including transmission heterogeneity, basic reproduction numbers, infectious and incubation periods.  This initiative is set to revolutionize our ability to model and comprehend infectious diseases in real-time, elevating sequence data to a critical, standalone data source. It will incorporate cross-validation with epidemiological inference from reported cases and wastewater analyses, reducing reliance on any single data source and enhancing both public health responses and infectious disease surveillance. Furthermore, by simulating incremental data collection that reflects real outbreak conditions, this project will evaluate the sensitivity of real-time estimations and determine the necessary sampling proportions to accurately represent epidemic dynamics. This approach will yield crucial

Mots clés : phylodynamics, deep learning, genomic epidemiology, infectious disease, phylogenetics

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276187.92 €
Projet ConBIP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the past decade, two major breakthroughs have significantly advanced mathematical physics. The first established a crucial link between the correlation functions of two-dimensional conformal field theories (2D CFTs)—known as conformal blocks—and a special class of integrable systems called the Painlevé equations. This connection, known as the Painlevé/CFT correspondence, led to the derivation of closed-form expressions for the highly transcendental solutions of the Painlevé equations, solving a long-standing problem.  The second breakthrough provided a rigorous formulation of certain 2D CFTs through probabilistic frameworks such as Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos (GMC) measures and Conformal Loop Ensembles (CLE). These concepts have granted unprecedented analytic control over CFTs, particularly in the context of conformal blocks.  This project aims to bridge these two approaches using Random Matrix Theory to develop a unified framework. Achieving this goal is both ambitious and highly desirable, as it would uncover a universal structure underlying CFTs and resolve critical conjectures in both mathematics and physics.

Mots clés : conformal blocks, gmc measures, heun equations, painlev equations, random matrices

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276187.92 €
Projet MultiProp (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Project MultiProp aims to advance the field of synthetic organic chemistry by exploring the use of small-ring propellanes in multicomponent reactions (MCRs). Radical ring-opening reactions of these propellanes lead to bicyclo[n.1.1]alkanes (BCAs), which are sp3 rich "cage" hydrocarbons that are of high interest in drug design. Specific examples include bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs), which have demonstrated to be bioisosteres of para-substituted benzene rings, alkynes, and tert-butyl groups; and bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes (BCHeps), which have proved to be potential meta-arene analogues. Molecules incorporating these rigid scaffolds typically exhibit enhanced pharmacological properties compared to their parent structures, such as improved solubility and reduced metabolic susceptibility, while preserving their three-dimensional configuration. Despite the utility of BCAs in medicinal chemistry, their synthesis using multi-component reactions is underdeveloped. This proposal aims to address this gap by developing novel methodologies for the application of propellanes in diverse multicomponent chemical processes, thereby streamlining access to functionalised BCAs. The project comprises three Work Packages: WP1: Developing new multicomponent protocols for the C–H functionalisation of organic molecules using propellanes as substrates, and the C–H functionalisation of bicycloalkanes. WP2: Applying Norrish type I and II photochemical reactions to propellanes, and related 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer / functionalisation reactions, for the synthesis of functionalised BCAs. WP3: Developing N-heterocyclic carbene-promoted MCRs using alcohols and propellanes as substrates, where NHC-activated alcohols serve as radical precursors for the synthesis of highly substituted BCPs and BCHeps. MultiProp thus seeks to expand the chemical space of propellane-derived molecules, opening new avenues for their applications in synthetic organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and materials science.

Mots clés : bioisosteres synthesis, multicomponent reactions, small rings, propellanes, bicycloalkanes

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 260347.92 €
Projet TCES-MgH2 project (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Currently, global energy consumption is growing rapidly, but over-reliance on fossil energy poses significant risks to the global ecosystem. It is urgent to establish a clean, safe and sustainable energy supply system. The large-scale development of green hydrogen energy is a key solution to address the challenges of greenhouse gas emissions and global climate change. However, its large-scale utilization requires the development of safe, reliable and convenient methods for hydrogen storage and transportation. Among the many hydrogen storage technologies, solid-state hydrogen storage technology based on magnesium hydrides (MgH2) stands out with its significant advantages, such as high hydrogen storage density (7.6wt%) and high operational safety. However, their high energy consumption in the dehydrogenation processes makes them less economical in practical scenarios. Therefore, this project will focus on synergistic integration and efficient operation of thermochemical energy storage-assisted MgH2-based solid hydrogen storage (TCES-MgH2) system to enhance energy efficiency in the hydrogen supply chain and reduce hydrogen storage costs. This project will combine mechanism analysis, numerical simulation and experimental research to select the most suitable TCES material to assist magnesium hydrides in absorbing and releasing hydrogen. It will use long short-term memory neural networks, heuristic algorithms, and model predictive control to optimize heat transfer structures and control strategies of the hydrogen storage system, achieving rapid heat transfer and efficient hydrogen desorption/absorption. Additionally, it will assessment the large-scall deployment potential of the TCES-MgH2 system by machine learning. The outcomes of this research will provide pivotal technologies for fostering a renewable energy society, driving energy structure transformation, and facilitating widespread adoption of hydrogen energy.

Mots clés : magnesium hydrides based solid state hydrogen storage, thermochemical energy storage, synergistic integration, model predictive control, machine learning

Participants :
- Université d'Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276187.92 €