Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PinCER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Consistent behavioural variation between individuals of the same species (i.e. animal personality) is very common in animals, from mammals to fish and insects. Personality types like boldness/shyness can change how the individual interacts with its environment, e.g. the outcome of predator-prey interactions. However, the effects of widespread personality variability on ecosystems is relatively unexplored. Recent work shows that personality variability can alter the nature of trophic interactions between species and potentially contribute to ecosystem stability. Therefore, PinCER will investigate animal personality as a functional trait, quantifying links between personality (e.g. boldness, exploration etc.) and diet, trophic position and body condition in individual animals. By quantifying the degree that personality variability translates to functional diversity in food webs, PinCER will provide unprecedented insights into the effects of personality on ecosystems. Building on the experimental work, a review paper will also investigate existing empirical literature on behavioural variability’s role in species interactions. Experimental work will focus on the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), analysing the links between personality and trophic interactions across an ecological invasion gradient. The round goby is an invasive fish in the Baltic Sea and European inlet waters and a proven study subject for behavioural research. Results will also have management implications, giving highly focused individual data on the species’ impacts on Baltic Sea communities. A full-time secondment in the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (Helsinki Commission) will focus on invasive species policy (management of ship-mediated introductions of non-indigenous species, e.g. the round goby) enhancing my training and career prospects. As such, PinCER will advance behavioural and community ecology, meet my skill acquisition needs and produce data for ecosystem management.

Mots clés : invasive species, community ecology

Participants :
- Technical University of Denmark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet HomoPolitics (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Contemporary lesbian, gay and queer rights movements in Europe occupy a vital role in local, national and international politics, mobilising a wide range of diverse sub-groups and interests. In light of transnational migration, investigating who is included and who is excluded within these movements is a critical project. Focusing specifically on the case of Greek lesbian and gay rights movements and the recently emergent queer activist groups, the research goal of HomoPolitics is to address, through the use of innovative qualitative methodologies, the entanglement of sexual politics with issues of race and nationalism. It asks: what narratives, images, symbols and representations do Greek lesbian and gay movements and queer activist groups utilise in order to assert their rights to citizenship and who is left out of the imagined “us” they construct? Approaching the well-established lesbian and gay movements as distinct from the newly formed queer groups, the project adopts an intersectional and interdisciplinary perspective in order to explore unequal power relations and practices of exclusion within the movements and groups themselves. Indeed, this is a timely and urgent undertaking since a large number of immigrants, refugees and asylum-seeking populations have arrived in Greece, some of them making sexuality-based refugee or asylum claims. In this light, by analysing attempts at the integration of gay, lesbian and queer immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers into the Greek society, the project aligns with one of the cross-cutting priorities of H2020−Migration. Additionally, it highlights an issue being expected to impact on Greek society in the coming decades−Migration and demographic dynamics challenging European societies (see Horizon 2020: Work Programme 2018-2020. General Introduction).

Mots clés : citizenship, discrimination, unequal power relations, integration of migrants

Participants :
- Newcastle University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet Stories (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Contemporary political narratives in the UK and South Africa are explicitly orientated around ideas about who does, and does not, belong. The UK and South Africa, while different, share trends towards inequality and the othering of migrants as responsible for social problems. Both inside and outside groups express a powerful sense of alienation and hopelessness. This fellowship will use storytelling to generate new bottom-up narratives to challenge dominant top down discursive politics of exclusion. Personal stories will be created by research with people from different communities that are typically positioned as being against one another. These creative, story-based research methods will catalyse public dialogues on the possibilities for new, more inclusive political narratives to build understanding and trust between groups. The fellowship will enable the researcher to strengthen the interdisciplinary basis of her research, by bringing together the disciplines of politics, sociology and psychology. She will also learn from the expertise and networks of Professor Heaven Crawley and colleagues at the Centre for Trust, Peace and Social Relations (CTPSR) at Coventry University working on public and political migration narratives in the UK and Europe. This will lead to future research collaborations and career development opportunities at CTPSR. CTPSR will, in turn, benefit from the researcher’s in-depth expertise in the use of storytelling to build dialogue between communities and her knowledge of the ways in which narratives of migration, inclusion and exclusion have developed in South Africa and from her experience globally.

Mots clés : storytelling, trust, narratives of exclusion, hope, dialogue

Participants :
- Coventry University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet GrowthControl (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Control of tissue size during animal development is of crucial importance to achieve the correct body/organ size and shape, and it underpins the evolution of animal size and architecture. How is tissue size tightly controlled during development? How is each cell in a developing animal instructed to stop growing and dividing when the correct body size and shape has been reached? Answers to these questions are of fundamental importance to our understanding of diseases such as cancer as well as for regenerative medicine. Using the development of the Drosophila abdominal epidermis as a model, we will perform long-term quantitative in vivo analysis of cellular behaviours and generate fluorescent live reporters of growth-promoting pathways to correlate activity patterns with developmentally regulated growth phases. We will manipulate tissue mechanics as well as nutrient-sensing pathways to understand how nutrient availability and tissue-intrinsic physical properties are integrated to specify final tissue size. In combination with computational modelling, we aim to generate a better understanding of developmental growth, as well as the mechanisms that trigger tissue growth arrest. The mechanisms regulating how cell proliferation is triggered in response to extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli and the transitions between different proliferative/growth states, particularly in tumour cells or regenerative tissues, are poorly understood. As these events are precisely defined in Drosophila abdominal morphogenesis, we hope to uncover the internal logic modulating cell cycle/growth rates transitions that can be used as a genetically tractable paradigm for the study of equivalent processes in cancer, regeneration or development.

Mots clés : tissue growth, development, tissue mechanics, growth arrest, abdominal morphogenesis

Participants :
- The Francis Crick Institute (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SorCSbalance (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Controlling the precise balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) is critical for information processing in the brain. A perturbed E/I balance has been implicated in the etiology of a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. The factors that dictate the balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission are still poorly defined, but trans-synaptic interactions between adhesion molecules such as neurexins and neuroligins are thought to be important. The host laboratory recently identified the sorting receptor SorCS1 as a key regulator of the synaptic abundance of glutamate receptors and adhesion molecules, including neurexins and neuroligins. SorCS1 has been associated with a variety of neural disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease. I hypothesize that SorCS1 controls E/I balance in the brain by regulating the synaptic abundance of cell surface receptors. I shall test this hypothesis via the following specific aims: Aim 1: To analyse whether SorCS1 regulates synaptic trafficking of adhesion molecules and neurotransmitter receptors under basal conditions and during synaptic activity. Aim 2: To define how SorCS1 affects excitatory and inhibitory synapse function in vitro and in vivo. Aim 3: To determine whether perturbed SorCS1 levels and disease-associated SorCS1 mutations affect E/I balance in neural circuits.

Mots clés : sorcs1, excitation, inhibition balance, synaptic function, cell adhesion molecules, autism

Participants :
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet BOIL-MODE-ON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Cooling efficiency is of the upmost importance in several crucial technological applications, e.g. fuel cells and battery cooling, hybrid airplanes, drones and satellite thermal management. They have a value of several billions dollars around the world, with a critical contribution to global CO2 production. A promising approach to cope with the always higher heat fluxes requested is represented by phase changing systems which exploit the large latent heat associated with phase change to remove the heat from the hot surface. A robust and effective strategy is to deploy boiling. The basic underlying idea is simple: form vapour bubbles in a liquid in contact with the hot surface and evacuate them through a condenser. Its implementation, however, faces a number of challenges and requires solution to several fundamental problems. In any practical application the boiler efficiency depends on parameters, such as the frequency of bubble nucleation, their size, and the release rate from the hot surface. However, how to precisely control them is still not clear. BOIL-MODE-ON aims at addressing the underlying mechanism of bubble inception and departure during boiling, defining possible new routes and solutions both on the modelling and the practical implementation side. Dr. Magaletti will apply a cutting-edge methodology he developed in the context of cavitation phenomena, based on a mesoscale numerical modelling of the liquid-vapour system embedding thermal fluctuations. It will shed light on the effects of surface wettability and dissolved gas, which are two of the most complex and not yet understood topics in this field. A specific campaign of experiments will complement and support the analysis. The recognised experience of Prof. Marengo, who will supervise this project, on the experimental techniques for boiling guarantees the highest level of synergy and knowledge transfer with the applicant, further developing his research skill-set and enhancing his career prospective.

Mots clés : nucleate boiling, evaporation, vapour bubble, heat transfer, energy, numerical simulation, diffuse interface, fluctuating hydrodynamic

Participants :
- University of Brighton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet POPAMA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Coral reefs are in precipitous decline worldwide due to a number of global stressors and local human impacts. Nutrient pollution emanating from sewage outfalls and coastal runoffs is often associated with the disruption of coral microbiomes, enhancing coral dysbiosis susceptibility that further alters coral health. That said, the mechanisms leading to microbial dysbiosis in reef organisms remain poorly understood. There is especially a need to investigate how nutrient pollution can affect the microbiomes of ecologically and economically important reef fishes such as parrotfishes, which are suggested to vector microbes to corals and enhance coral dysbiosis susceptibility when coupled with pollution. The proposed research will integrate approaches from microbial ecology and physiology to investigate to what extent nutrient pollution can alter parrotfish microbiomes, whether these changes result in differences in parrotfish physiology, and the potential cascading effects on coral microbiomes and health. Working with Dr. Villéger’s team at MARBEC, I will couple field collections from near pristine and polluted reefs in Mayotte with advanced tools in next-generation sequencing and ecology to test for nutrient-mediated changes to parrotfish mouth and gut microbiota. Both areas are known to serve vital physiological functions for fish and to host potential opportunistic bacterial taxa that could further alter health of both fish and corals. Through my secondment host with Dr. Sucré at the University Centre of Mayotte, I will acquire new skills in fish physiology that can be used to correlate physiological metrics (e.g. stress response) and microbial community status. Our findings may provide underappreciated pathways linking nutrient pollution to dysbiosis in parrotfish microbiota, and the potential spread of opportunistic taxa in coral reefs via corallivory. They will be critical to develop meaningful conservation and restauration strategies to preserve reef ecosystems

Mots clés : coral, reef fish, corallivory, nutrient pollution, oxidative stress, dysbiosis

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet SNSM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Core-collapse supernovae are the explosive deaths of massive stars. They are the main production sites of the heavy elements in the Universe, drive galactic dynamic and chemical evolution, and produce exotic remnants such as black holes and neutron stars. To interpret observations and advance our understanding of the origin of the elements, sophisticated spectral models are needed. The main science objective in this proposal is to compute the first spectral models of multi-dimensional core-collapse explosion simulations. These models will then be compared with available high-quality data to derive information on nucleosynthesis yields and supernova structure. The proposed work involves the development of spectral modelling tools from current 1D to multi-D capability, and application of these to recently computed state-of-the-art 3D explosion simulations. This innovative project will allow a milestone in supernova research to be reached by producing the first light curves and spectra of modern 3D simulations, and will approach us to solving an almost 50 year standing mystery of how supernovae explode and how the elements are produced.

Mots clés : supernovae, radiative transfer, nucleosynthesis

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet 3DMUCHO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Cortical neurons respond selectively to sensory features. In mouse visual cortex, convergent evidences point towards stronger connectivity between neurons sharing similar feature selectivity in the superficial layers. The relationship between a three-dimensional (3D) subnetwork, where neurons connect horizontally and vertically to each other, and the functional specificity of individual neurons remain however unresolved. The main objective of this interdisciplinary project is to uncover the 3D functional connectivity in mouse visual cortex in vivo by employing the innovative optical methods pioneered in the host laboratory. Single-cell activation deep into the brain will be, for the first time, enabled using the novel technology of 3D depth-resolved holographic light-patterning and two-photon optogenetics. Combined with whole-cell recordings for measuring postsynaptic responses, precise presynaptic excitation with holography will permit mapping connection pairs within and across cortical planes. Simultaneous presynaptic multi-cell excitation of connecting neurons will test the integration linearity of the postsynaptic neuron. To probe functional connectivity, connection pairs will be examined from a functionally-identified neuronal population, whose tuning specificity to visual attributes is determined using calcium imaging. This fellowship will render me opportunities to acquire a versatile optical toolbox that is of general interest in neuroscience for connectivity mapping and circuit manipulation. Knowledge of local functional connectivity spanning a 3D cortical volume will further provide significant insights into the network mechanism underlying sensory processing.

Mots clés : neuronal connectivity, visual specificity, 3d computer generated holography, two photon optogenetics, whole cell recordings, calcium imaging

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet HArchitHeC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Cretan minor built heritage dating back to the Venetian and Ottoman periods has until now received scarce attention by scholars and local authorities. The two-year HArchitHeC project (House Architecture and Heritage in modern Crete) wants to focuses on rural and urban houses of Crete in order to reach three main goals: to perceive the built environment in its materiality and its historical evolution; to study how the evolution and interaction of Venetian and Ottoman cultural models built up a hybrid architecture in a colonial dimension; and to identify possible strategies for heritage protection by bringing research to the public realm. To do so, an interdisciplinary innovative approach will be used: a historical study of written sources and an architectural comparative study, by means of an inventory and a comparative study of Venetian and Turkish house prototypes. Such a pilot project aspires to a wider comparative study between Crete and the nearby regions, starting with other Mediterranean islands (Rhodes and Cyprus at first). HArchitHeC represents the first occasion to put into effect a mutual commitment between the two institutions that is the IMS (Greece) as the Host and Aix-Marseille University (France) as the Partner. They will provide an ideal human and scientific environment for the fellow, supporting her research and career development. The fellow’s previous achievements in terms of fieldwork and research, as well as her knowledge of Cretan territory and academic staff will allow her increasing methodologies and results. She will reinforce her competences and acquire new skills: her ultimate goal is to be fully integrated in the fields of cultural history and architectural heritage, acting on European society and science. HArchitHeC shows its relevance to the work programme, since it foresees a complete plan of training-through-research, as well as specific outreach and communication activities to reach a wide audience beyond academics.

Mots clés : house architecture, heritage, built environment, modern crete, venetian, ottoman, survey, materiality, written sources, morphological analysis, inventory, landscape archaeology

Participants :
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 164653.2 €
Projet CritJourn (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

CritJourn will examine how journalism is critiqued online and how journalists experience these critiques. Public critiques of journalism seem to have become more visible than they have ever been in the past. In particular, critiques of the legitimacy of mainstream media representations - from different ideological perspectives - have become an everyday feature of public discourse about journalism on digital platforms like Twitter. Drawing on my established international profile as a critical communication, media and journalism researcher, the overarching aim of this project will be to develop new concepts for understanding how journalism is critiqued, and how journalists negotiate and experience media critique, by different online publics. This research is timely and important because it will illuminate our understanding of the relationship between journalism and online culture in a political moment where the bonds that have historically sustained the relationship between journalism and the public have been weakened. The overarching aim will be supported by 4 specific objectives, 2 conceptual and 2 empirical. The conceptual supplements will put communication, media and journalism research into conversation with, first, interdisciplinary debates about the nature of critique and, second, radical democratic theories about the nature of ideological conflict. The first empirical element will undertake a (quantitative and qualitative) critical discourse analysis of how UK journalists and media institutions are critiqued on Twitter. The second will interview journalists in Belgium, Ireland, Netherlands and UK about their experiences of media critique. The fellowship incorporates a training programme appropriate to my career profile. It will significantly advance my research programme, facilitate and extend my reintegration within EU research networks and boost my chances of getting a senior academic position in Europe on completion.

Mots clés : media, communication and journalism studies, critique and critical theory, discourse theory and analysis, critical interpretivist research, radical democratic theory

Participants :
- University of Antwerp (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178320.0 €