Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PROCEED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The social and financial burden that chronic kidney disease (CKD) imposes on European countries is significant. Currently 16.95% of the global population suffers from CKD. The prevalence of the disease has increased steadily during the previous decades and it is expected to reach alarming rates in the near future. It is thus apparent that an effective treatment for CKD will have a positive social and financial impact. The pathological basis of CKD is complex and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the onset and progression of the disease have not been fully elucidated. Their elucidation will enable the identification of specific therapeutic targets. Currently there are significant -omics datasets available on CKD deposited in databases. However, a marked deficiency of these datasets is the scarcity of kidney tissue proteomics data. PROCEED targets the mapping of kidney tissue proteomics changes in association to CKD phenotypes, integration of –omics datasets with clinical data by systems biology approaches, and subsequently prediction of novel therapeutic targets. The output of the proposed study is expected to fill a very important gap in the existing knowledge in the field, namely provide the in situ comprehensive proteomics phenotyping of renal disease progression. The project is timely and in accordance with the current European research developments and societal needs. Through this project the ER who has spent most of his career in academia will be able to acquire unique skills available in the industrial setting. Upon completion of the project he is expected to return to his academic institution and act as a catalyst that will facilitate the translation of research findings to the industrial and clinical setting.

Mots clés : proteomics, systems biology, therapeutic target identification, esrd

Participants :
- Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Germany) (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet QMET (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The standard definition of the Ampere can be obtained exploiting the dual counterpart of the Josephson effect, namely voltage Bloch Oscillations (vBO). A way to measure them consists in embedding a largely non-linear Josephson junction in a high impedance environment, irradiate it with a microwave pump, and observe discrete DC current steps. The QMET (Quantum Metrology Electrical Triangle) action tackles this objective by leveraging the researcher demonstrated ability of performing precision microwave measurements devising novel apparatuses and the mastering of the host group in the design and fabrication of high-impedance superconducting circuits. Such result would provide a leap in quantum metrology and paves the way to the redefinition of the ampere using only fundamental constants.

Mots clés : metrology

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet Soft Gluons (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The start of the LHC at CERN and the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 started a new era in particle physics. After fifty years from its prediction, the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has received its final experimental confirmation. There are many experimental and theoretical observations which suggest that new physics should be present at energies slightly above the electroweak scale. Two years of LHC running, however, made clear that such new physics will show up only as small deviations from the SM. This opens up the quest for precision particle physics. It involves our ability to predict scattering amplitudes with the smallest uncertainty possible, a task which relies on our understanding of quantum chromodynamics. This is currently the main task of the theoretical high-energy physics community, and this project addresses issues that are at the heart of this endeavour. Scattering processes at the LHC involve multiple scales, and very often become sensitive, through multi-loop corrections, to scales far lower than the hard interaction. This is the physics of soft gluons, which is the subject of my proposal. I aim at improving our knowledge and treatment of the physics of soft gluons. I will do this by working in parallel on four tasks: - calculating soft gluon webs at higher orders in perturbation theory, needed to understand the nature of soft gluon radiation to all-orders; - developing a framework for the resummation of next-to-eikonal soft gluons, needed for improving our ability to obtain precise prediction at LHC; - developing tools for automatising the treatment of soft gluon radiation in scattering processes, which will directly serve the experimental community. - investigating factorisation properties of scattering amplitudes in the high-energy limit, the so-called Regge limit. These goals are important for the exploitation of the LHC and will have a major impact in the field.

Mots clés : high energy physics, gauge theories, soft gluons, scattering amplitudes, resummation

Participants :
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet PlaN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The strong coupling of a quantum state to a cavity light field has just recently revealed many fascinating effects: Chemical reactions have been dramatically slowed down and nonlinear effects have been enhanced by orders of magnitude. These findings motivate to significantly extend the research on this novel type of light-hybridized matter. The objective of this proposal is to investigate dynamics and structural properties of molecules under vibrational strong coupling for the first time by virtue of mid-infrared femtosecond light pulses. The proposed studies will lead to a significant advancement of the research field with respect to the fundamental understanding of strong coupling induced modifications of matter and applications of vibrational strong coupling in photonics as well as chemistry. The objectives of the proposal are firstly to study the individual contributions of the nonlinear refractive index of carbon disulfide under vibrational strong coupling in a Fabry-Perot cavity. Z-scan and pump-probe experiments with ultrashort near-IR pulses will be conducted. A strong enhancement of the liquid’s nonlinear response is expected and shall be revealed for the first time. It will be employed in low-energy supercontinuum generation triggered by mid-infrared femtosecond pulses. Secondly, chemical reactions of strongly coupled molecules will be investigated by pump-probe spectroscopy in the mid-infrared. Strong coupling induced changes of molecular structure will be revealed by this method and applied to site-selective chemistry enabled by light-matter-hybridization. As a prerequisite, the third objective of the proposal is the development of a widely tunable pump (3000 nm – 10000 nm), broadband mid-IR probe setup. It will be realized by means of a sequential two-stage optical parametric amplification scheme and allows to study novel effects induced by vibrational strong coupling with unprecedented structural and temporal resolution.

Mots clés : polariton, strong coupling, cavity chemistry, nonlinear optics, infrared, ultrafast lasers, supercontinuum generation

Participants :
- Université de Strasbourg (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet Cultureintalk (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The study is the first to apply a cultural prism to comparatively examine the diverse and contradictory enactments of neoliberal education reforms in three welfare states - Sweden, the UK and Russia. In contrast to other studies that examine neoliberal expansion in education from the perspective of official policy narratives and numbers this study embraces a bottom-up approach by studying grassroots societal voices. Building bridges between cultural sociology, public policy and comparative education, the study will help redefine the relationship between culture and policy as a continuous feedback loop that enables grassroots policy interpretations to trickle up to policy discourse and inform policy action. Empirically, the study will map contemporary meanings of education in the three case countries, highlight ongoing sources of tension between neoliberal and welfare educational values, and unpack similar and divergent cultural logics of resistance. Theoretically, the study will enrich our understanding of the widely recognised but under-explored cultural dimension of policy. The study will contribute to enabling more effective dialogue between grassroots and nation-level education actors by advancing the view of social policy as co-produced and co-owned by grassroots actors. This ambitious multi-language project will bring the researcher to the forefront of the global conversation about the role of grassroots resistance in public policy-making. It will solidify the researcher’s transnational expertise that spans Russia, the UK, the US, Scandinavia and Sub-Saharan Africa, and catalyse her independence in comparative public policy research. It will also sharpen her unique methodological expertise in the interrogation of social meanings through computational and digital research. Finally, it will enhance the researcher’s profile and visibility in international policy consultancy, with a view to her going on to lead her own consulting practice.

Mots clés : comparative public policy, comparative education, cultural sociology, critical public policy

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Assyrian Eunuchs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The study of Assyria, the world’s earliest empire, has sought to define and reconstruct the material and immaterial structures of imperial power. Research to date has focused primarily on the roles and agency of the king, the most visible actor in the extant sources, though recent work on queenship has initiated an important reconsideration of traditional gender assumptions regarding the exercise and materialization of power in the ancient Near East. This project takes the next step in recognizing Assyria, like later empires, as a collaborative enterprise, one whose success was based in the active and deliberate contributions of diverse groups and individuals including but not limited to the king. It uses the ša-rēši, a class of men defined as eunuchs, as its chief case study to directly challenge traditional assumptions of the relationships between gender, sexuality, and power structures in Assyria. The project will focus on four major objectives: delineating the identity positions of the eunuchs and their historical situation and development; defining the specific material and visual means by which the eunuchs negotiated their status and agency; critically assessing traditional assumptions on the relationships of gender, sexuality, and power, and the ongoing influence on these of Orientalism; and illuminating the actual roles, functioning, and agency of eunuchs in Assyria. The project is strongly multidisciplinary, involving close analysis of newly accessible textual, artefactual, and image corpora through the application of advanced approaches and methodologies drawn from disciplines including art history and material culture studies as well as archaeology and philology. Results will redefine our understanding of the world’s earliest imperial system, Assyria, and serve as a model for reconsidering the roles of perceived marginal groups as important actors in other imperial systems.

Mots clés : empire studies, eunuchs, assyria, art history

Participants :
- Freie Universität Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 246669.12 €
- Johns Hopkins University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LASTING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The study of random graphs lies in the interface between combinatorics, graph theory, and probability, and has a tremendous amount of applications in various fields such as networks, algorithms, physics, and life sciences. The aim of this project is to study large structures in random graphs, count their appearances and measure their strength. In the first set of problems we aim to count the number of subgraphs from specific families in random graphs, where the families contain both large and small members. We consider families such as cycles, matchings, trees, and independent sets. In combinatorics, these types of problems are usually studied for families of equal-size members. We will combine advanced probabilistic ideas to solve these problems for families containing graphs of all possible sizes. This has strong connections to ideas from statistical physics. In the second set of problems we investigate classical extremal graph theoretical problems in the context of random graphs. Roughly speaking, we start with a graph satisfying some property (either deterministically or typically), and we want to measure how many edges can be removed (either randomly or deterministically) until the property no longer holds. These types of problems are known as robustness, resilience, and Turan-type problems. Here we study these problems with respect to spanning structures. The experienced researcher has made several advances to these problems and to closely related problems. For example, she solved robustness and Turan-type problems for almost-spanning cycles (with Krivelevich and Mond), and she approximately solved the counting problem of directed Hamilton cycles (With Ferber and Long). The supervisor, Prof. Keevash, is a world leading expert on the absorption method, a key tool to approach extremal problems when considering large structures. A combination between these ideas with new probabilistic and statistical-physics tools, will be the key ingredient in this research.

Mots clés : random graphs, probabilistic method, extremal combinatorics, percolation

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Digiseal (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The study of the Christian medieval eastern empire (Byzantium) can not rely on resources in manuscript form: as in most ancient and medieval societies, documents were authenticated by sealings, and unlike those documents, today lost, seals survived in large quantities, largely in museums, libraries and private collections. The seals contain descriptions of the persons responsible and their chosen iconography; they have the potential to fill something of the documentary void, if they can be made readily available in searchable form, and associated with other relevant sources. Over the years, scholarly understanding and analysis of Byzantine seals (sigillography) has been improving, but the resultant publications are expensive and not easily accessible; recently an international network of scholars has been discussing the possibility of online publication of this material, using the subset of TEI-XML markup known as EpiDoc, developed initially for inscriptions, coins and papyri, with particular input from King's College London, where this fellowship will be based. This proposal is to allow me to become the first expert in ‘SigiDoc’ – publishing seals in EpiDoc – as a resource for scholars, teachers, and the curators who need to make their materials comprehensible to a wider public. The training will refine my skills in Byzantine sigillography, and introduce me to the Digital Humanities, the advanced application of information and communication technologies in humanities research and teaching: I will learn to use a range of tools in a totally independent way, being a crucial asset for the development of my career. The outcomes will be: 1) a digital corpus of Byzantine seals, in a full scholarly edition, intended to serve as a pilot and to establish standards; 2) a set of tools and protocols for others to use; 3) guidelines collecting and explaining those tools: the aim is to enable and encourage interoperability between projects in Europe and beyond.

Mots clés : byzantine history, sigillography, digital humanities, digital edition, tei xml markup technology, dissemination, guidelines, knowledge transfer, heritage management, museum, private collections

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ISLAND (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The study of the brain remains one of the most challenging topics in science. A full understanding of the neuronal dynamics inside a living brain is still far from being achieved. Neuroscience tackles this problem by studying the neuronal functionality as individuals and in networks. For this purpose, different disciplines and approaches are used, e.g. electrophysiology, biochemistry, optogenetics and more. In this project I aim to provide an integrated experimental platform, which will assist in the study of the structure and the functionality of neuronal networks. The setup proposed in this project will serve as an optogenetic tool for in-vitro experiments, controlled by a feedback from electrophysiological signals from the network to address specific neuronal circuits. The control system will be trained by Deep-Learning techniques to localize the stimulation at specific neurons of interest.

Mots clés : biophysical techniques, nanotools, computational photonics

Participants :
- University of Trento (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet tRRACES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The sustainability of an agricultural system relies largely on the resistance of soils -their capacity to perform its five environmental functions under disturbance- and in their resilience, meaning the capacity of the soils of restoring its functions after impact. The tRRACES project aims to get insights into how past or indigenous strategies for agricultural management drove pedogenetic pathways with a focus on the sustainability of the agroecosystem. New data on pedogenetic evolution of four ancient agricultural systems in Chile, Ethiopia Spain and Tanzania, spanning a wide range of environmental conditions, are to be put together with archaeological, ethnographical and paleoenvironmental knowledge, in order to show up the effects of ancient soil management strategies on the maintenance of soil environmental functions and therefore on soil resistance and resilience. The results will be used to predict the evolution of these systems when facing impending climatic and socioeconomic changes. tRRACES will provide a sound scientific basis for the so called "indigenous knowledge" and will contribute highly valuable information for the studies on sustainable land-use, meaning that it is possible to state with confidence that the proposed project will undoubtedly produce useful data for modern developmental and conservationist narratives.

Mots clés : sustainability, agroecosystems, resilience, soils, traditional knowledge, pedogenesis

Participants :
- University of York (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet DiReC-IL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The technological importance of cellulose, the most abundant and most widely used organic material on Earth is paramount with a very versatile range of applications. It constitutes the basis, among others, for paper and textile industries. Two emerging applications have been gaining importance and substantial attention: one is developing new fiber reinforced nanocomposites. The other novel application is as a carbon-neutral and renewable source for the production of biofuels. Due to its recalcitrance, cellulose fibers always need pre-treatment before actual applications. Traditional techniques work with harmful compounds constituting great environmental risk. In line with the Europe 2020 strategy, cheap and environmentally friendly technologies need to be promoted to achieve a more sustainable and resource efficient economy. Ionic liquids, a novel class of complex solvents with unique properties and a great potential to revolutionize chemical technologies, have been applied as dissolution media for processing cellulose, which has already led to cheaper and “greener” methods. To further develop these technologies, a thorough understanding of the molecular details of the dissolution and recrystallization processes is needed. Although considerable efforts have been dedicated to it, this has not yet been achieved. In this project we propose a new molecular simulation based approach by using enhanced sampling techniques to elucidate the molecular details of the slow and intricate dissolution and recrystallization processes. Unlike previous studies, we will start by investigating glucose and then increase the complexity of the system through larger oligomers enabling us to extrapolate our results eventually to cellulose fibers. This new systematic bottom-up approach will decrease the arbitrariness which previous studies suffered from. We expect the long-term impact of this project immense leading to new innovations and more efficient green technologies.


Participants :
- University of Vienna (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166156.8 €