Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet LeishMOM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Leishmania parasites, a threat to 350 million people worldwide, are transmitted by sand flies and reside predominantly intracellularly in macrophages. Leishmania species can remain local (cutaneous leishmaniasis) or spread throughout the tissue and body (mucocutaneous/visceral leishmaniasis). This is the difference between a mild illness or a deadly disease, and the fundamental mechanisms behind these different clinical manifestations are largely unknown. As Leishmania parasites seem immobile following their delivery into the skin and are rapidly phagocytosed, it has been hypothesised that dissemination is driven by host cell migration in a species-dependent manner. Specifically, previous studies showed that Leishmania species causing visceral infections typically enhance macrophage motility, while species linked to cutaneous lesions slow down infected macrophages. However, few studies have directly compared migration of parasitised macrophages across multiple Leishmania species and it remains unclear which host migration pathways Leishmania manipulates. We want to test the hypothesis that different Leishmania species alter integrin-dependent and –independent macrophage migration modes in distinct ways, to control dissemination through the dermis and across endothelial barriers. Using human skin equivalents, cell deformability assays, and two- and three-dimensional migration assays, we will measure changes in migration dynamics of Leishmania-infected macrophages. Additionally, we will perform drug inhibitor and CRISPR screens, targeting macrophage genes, to identify host pathways essential for migration of parasitised macrophages. To dissect species-related differences, this study will use species causing visceral, mucocutaneous, and cutaneous leishmaniasis. The results will give insights into Leishmania dissemination mechanisms, thereby facilitating future designs of new therapeutics aimed at controlling inadequate migration of infected macrophages.

Mots clés : macrophage migration leishmania dissemination host parasite interaction crispr screening tissue model

Participants :
- Université de Wurtzbourg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189687.36 €
Projet MARHEALTH (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

While local air pollutants are well-known to have detrimental impacts on human health, we lack a complete understanding of the economic costs imposed by the negative health effects from exposure to maritime air pollution. In addition, because health effects are uncertain and likely to be heterogeneous due to the non-uniform population distribution and location of ships, it is difficult to design efficient policies to mitigate maritime emissions. Nevertheless, the transition to a net-zero emissions economy will require the implementation of policies to curb emissions in the maritime sector. By combining detailed Norwegian administrative data with highly granular geo-referenced data on shipping routes and air pollution, MARHEALTH aims to quantify the health effects of maritime air pollution and to assess the effectiveness of pollution mitigation policies in the shipping sector. These objectives will be addressed through three specific subgoals: 1) Generate high-quality data sets by combining administrative health and socio-economic data on individuals with highly granular geo-referenced data on shipping routes of all container and passenger vessels and satellite- and ground-based environmental data on air quality and weather. Further, I will collect and merge information on the transition from fossil fuel-operated to electrified passenger ships. 2) Empirical analysis of the health impacts of maritime air pollution by estimating causal impacts of pollution from ports. Linked data on health outcomes with socioeconomic characteristics of individuals allows me to uncover socio-demographic disparities in the health effects of exposed individuals. 3) Empirical quantification of the benefits of green transition policies in the maritime sector by merging the environmental and individual-level data with information on shipping routes of electrified vessels to econometrically recover causal estimates.

Mots clés : air pollution, health impacts, maritime shipping, green transition, applied econometrics

Participants :
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
- Resources For The Future (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet BehindAI (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

How could developers and deployers of digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) make ‘social responsibility’ a key element in everyday industry practices and technological decisions? To answer this question – at the core of the EU Digital Compass 2030 and the recent publication of the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI – BehindAI will open up the “algorithm black box” and deploy an innovative international action research in collaboration with ThoughtWorks, a major global technology and consultancy company spearheading innovative responsible tech initiatives. Carrying out close studies of how decisions are taken during software design and development, the project will explain those decisions by understanding team members’ reflexive perspectives on tech and how those were shaped by their personal and professional trajectories. Furthermore, it will analyse concrete workplace organizational set-ups and the ways in which they allow or limit the application of those ethical and social perspectives in the everyday reality of the global tech industry. As a MSCA Global Fellowship BehindAI will be carried out by Sébastien Antoine under the supervision of EU tech industry expert Seán Ó Riain and organized through a closely coordinated transnational team from Europe (Maynooth/Ireland), Latin America (UFRGS/Brazil), Asia (HK PolyU/China) and the US (UPenn/USA) with strong organic links between the academic and industry partners. In this way, the project will provide a new perspective on how the socialization, learning and reflexive negotiation of tech developers can address critical ethical and social issues in AI. This will provide new directions for addressing both theoretical challenges and policy dilemmas currently being considered at the highest levels, ensuring that the key principles of ethical AI championed by the EU reach the shop floor of the tech industry, shaping concrete software developments and broader digitalization processes of economy and society.

Mots clés : technology information ai transnational global inequality organisations work workplace democratisation participatory

Participants :
- Université de Pennsylvanie (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université nationale d'Irlande à Maynooth (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 334757.04 €
- Thoughtworks deutschland gmbh (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Université fédérale du Rio Grande do Sul (Brésil) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore (Inde) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet EMBRACE-SIF (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Heatwaves and droughts, intensified by climate change, pose a significant threat to European ecosystems, reducing gross primary productivity (GPP) and disrupting the global carbon cycle. The EMBRACE-SIF project seeks to improve the predictive accuracy of sun-induced fluorescence (SIF)-enabled terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) under stress conditions. Currently, models like ORCHIDEE struggle to capture the photosynthetic response during extreme events due to limitations in modeling photosynthesis and characterizing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). To overcome these challenges, the project will implement the Johnson and Berry (J&B) photosynthesis model, which provides a mechanistic framework for electron transport rates (ETR), and extend it to better represent NPQ under heat and drought stress. Using the unique Austro-SIF dataset and assimilating canopy-scale SIF and GPP data, EMBRACE-SIF will optimize key parameters in ORCHIDEE, enhancing its ability to simulate GPP during past European heatwaves (e.g., 2003, 2010, 2018, 2022) and at a global scale. The project's results will improve GPP predictions, contributing to climate resilience and supporting the European Green Deal's target of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Additionally, it will strengthen the fellow's expertise in remote sensing and biosphere modeling, positioning them for leadership in these critical fields.

Mots clés : sun induced fluorescence, terrestrial biosphere models, photosynthesis, non photochemical quenching, gross primary production, heat wave, extreme events, orchidee

Participants :
- Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 226420.56 €
- Universidade Federal da Bahia (Brésil) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Kansas Medical Center (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LIFE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Understanding why a certain utterance was said by a participant in a conversation is fundamental for successful communication to take place. Notwithstanding the central role of understanding intentions in communication, this and other forms of pragmatic reasoning remain beyond the current state-of-the-art in Natural Language Processing (NLP). For this reason, critical applications of these technologies, such as personal assistants, remain limited to few hand-coded use-cases such as adding events to a calendar and fail to serve as general-purpose communicative assistants. This proposal aims at making significant progress towards genuine Natural Language Understanding (NLU). It introduces a system that can reason about the pragmatic meaning of a sentence by searching for useful explanations in a space that represents all possible concepts (often called a "Language of Thought"). Because such a search process is generally intractable, this project proposes to let the system discover the more efficient way to search. To achieve this goal, it will model an open-ended evolutionary process that is here hypothesized to lead to emergent exploration strategies. This project bridges Linguistics and Complex Systems with connections to Cognitive Science and Evolutionary Theory. To maximize its success probability, I will conduct it at the COLT Lab in Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), a leading group in Computational Linguistics, with a secondment at Santa Fe Institute (SFI), a global leader in Complexity Science.

Mots clés : pragmatics, intentions, exploration, rl, emergent evolution, complex systems, artificial chemiestry

Participants :
- Université Pompeu Fabra (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 181152.96 €
- Institut de santa fe (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet HyPAD (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Dysphagia is a common condition among the elderly, characterized by swallowing difficulties, that leads to malnutrition and increased mortality. Addressing dysphagia is becoming increasingly critical, especially as the global aging population is expected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050. The HyPAD project addresses this issue by developing innovative hybrid meat products tailored for dysphagia patients. These products will integrate plant-based proteins and bioactive compounds with advanced 3D food printing technology to offer improved nutritional value, safer textures, and appealing sensory qualities, significantly enhancing the quality of life for those affected. Currently, dysphagia-friendly foods often lack nutritional balance and are unappealing, leading to poor patient acceptance. HyPAD aims to overcome these limitations by exploring sustainable sources of plant proteins and bioactive compounds, optimizing hybrid meat formulations, and employing 3D printing to achieve desired textural properties. Specific aims include developing and rigorously testing these formulations, with planned short visits to industry partners for refining the products. The comprehensive plan integrates various disciplines, including phytochemistry, nutrition, and food sciences. This interdisciplinary approach ensures that the products developed are not only effective but also environmentally sustainable, aligning with global efforts to reduce the environmental footprint of food production. Through this project, the fellow will gain expertise in cutting-edge food technology and sustainable practices, enhancing his career prospects in both academia and industry. HyPAD not only advances scientific knowledge in dysphagia management but also sets new standards for sustainability in food production, creating new market opportunities in geriatric nutrition and functional foods.

Mots clés : hybrid meat, dysphagia, polyphenols, plant proteins, 3d printing

Participants :
- Université de Navarre (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 209914.56 €
Projet GREENVEST (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

GREENVEST fuses the power of satellite data and cutting-edge econometric analysis to study patterns emerging in two under-studied, inter-connected phenomena at the crossroads of finance, environmental science, and economics: (1) green investments and local economies and (2) the contribution of market dynamics on biodiversity loss and pollution. Drawing on research from environmental economics, climate science, finance, and business strategy, I will explore and reveal to what extent households' financial welfare is impacted by public and private investments in green projects and how the investments, performance, and environmental impact of local firms and banks are affected by government green initiatives such as the EU Green Deal and the US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). GREENVEST’s new modeling approach will not only enable environmental economists to estimate the financial value of natural ecosystems, but highlight for the first time the financial value of nature conservation and the financial benefits of investments in nature-based solutions. With the world-renowned business school IESE as my host and channeling my project through its Institute of Sustainable Leadership, I will grow new skills in project management skills, R&I insight communication and satellite and biodiversity data analysis to become a leading voice in biodiversity and sustainable finance in both academia and as a European policy influencer about green investments in service to public, non-profit, and private institutions.

Mots clés : nature conservation, sustainable finance, household finance, labor income, savings, credit markets, competition, eu green deal, pollution, nature loss, market concentration

Participants :
- Université de Navarre (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 181152.96 €
Projet X-CITE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Sex differences play a significant role in immune function, with women generally mounting stronger immune responses than men. A key factor behind these differences is the X chromosome, which contains many genes that are important for immune function. In females, who have two X chromosomes, one of the X chromosomes is usually inactivated in each cell to prevent an overdose of X-linked gene expression. This process is known as X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). However, some genes can escape this inactivation and are expressed from both X chromosomes. These “escapee” genes are often expressed at higher levels in females than in males, who only have one X chromosome. The X-CITE (X-Chromosome Inactivation and T cell Escape) project aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which these XCI escapee genes influence T cell responses. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial, as T cells are central to the success of cancer immunotherapy, where sex-based differences in T cell function may impact treatment outcomes. By exploring the sex-biased expression of XCI escapee genes, this project will advance our understanding of sex differences in immune responses and provide new insights into how T cells can be manipulated to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. The research will be conducted at the Landsteiner Laboratory Amsterdam UMC-Sanquin (The Netherlands), under the supervision of Dr. Monika Wolkers, whose lab specializes in T cell biology and the enhancement of T cell functions in immunotherapy settings.

Mots clés : x chromosome inactivation xci , t cells, immunotherapy, sex, single cell sequencing, gene regulatory networks grn

Participants :
- Sanquin (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 232916.16 €
Projet The Invisible Trace (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Invisible Trace: Writings by Women Artists of the Avant-Garde in 20th-Century Latin America analyzes the long-standing neglect and undervaluation of women artists within the dominant art historical canon through a counter-archival approach informed by a Latin American perspective. By focusing on the overlooked writings of Maria Martins (Brazil/United States), Suzanne Roussi Césaire (Martinique/France), and Leonora Carrington (United Kingdom/Mexico), this project aims to challenge entrenched hierarchies of visibility and advance reparative memory politics in the arts. It endeavors to recover, reassess and study these artists’ dispersed written traces, which transcend conventional textual and disciplinary boundaries, bridging the gap between visual arts archives and literary and textual ones. Committed to knowledge transfer and societal engagement, the project not only enhances our understanding of the contributions of migrant, Latin American, and Black women to 20th-century avant-garde movements and networks but also develops an innovative archival methodology that is applicable across disciplines and beneficial to diverse marginalized subjects and collectives.

Mots clés : latin american studies archival theories and methods counter archives avant garde women artists genetic criticism

Participants :
- Université de Cologne (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 287230.32 €
- Methodist University of São Paulo (Brésil) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Inbal - instituto nacional de bellas artes y literatura (Mexique) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SYNBIOSIG (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Microorganism are known to trigger or mediate the formation and transformation of different minerals, such as carbonates and silicates. Microbial-mineral interactions potentially generate chemical and structural characteristics in biominerals, which can be preserved deep in time as mineral biosignatures and be explored in the search for life on early Earth or Mars. We plan to investigate signatures of life in Archean, Proterozoic and modern sedimentary structures by integrating chemical, morphological and structural information using a pioneering approach based in laboratory and synchrotron-based advanced imaging methods. Our approach will integrate state-of-art laboratory characterization of geochemistry and mineralogy with mineral and crystallographic textures and ultrastructure in 2D and 3D. It will shed light into the understanding on the biomineralization processes of microbial carbonates and cherts, and provide biological interpretations of relevance to studies on early life on Earth and Mars contexts.

Mots clés : geomicrobiology, microbialites, biosignatures, synchrotron, x ray imaging, early life

Participants :
- Université libre d'Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet METAGROLAND (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Maintaining biodiversity in agricultural landscapes has become a pressing societal challenge. Species interactions contribute to critical agroecosystem functions such as pollination and pest control. However, scientific evidence suggests that the rate of loss of species interactions is even higher than the rate of species extinction. Agricultural policies promote agri-environmental schemes (AES) to halt biodiversity loss on farmland, but with varying degrees of success. For example, little is known about whether AES support the growth of wildlife populations, or whether they simply concentrate local populations while depleting surrounding areas. METAGROLAND project presents an innovative research agenda that pursues effective AES design at large scales by presenting a novel interdisciplinary framework: the study of plant-pollinator metacommunity dynamics in agricultural landscapes from a social-ecological perspective. This project will firstly investigate the ability of AES and other landscape elements to attract and maintain pollinator species across landscapes, thereby gaining a mechanistic understanding of sink-source dynamics in the metacommunity. Secondly, the metacommunity structure will be investigated by applying and improving a novel methodology: spatial meta-networks. This will allow the detection of landscape characteristics that promote metacommunity cohesion and stability by identifying those landscapes that act as spatial hubs for plant-pollinator interactions across space. Third, the impact of land managers' social networks on metacommunity dynamics will be assessed to provide guidelines for effective AES design based on the synthesis of ecological processes and social dynamics. Beyond new fundamental social-ecological knowledge of agricultural systems, the results of METAGROLAND will contribute to the advancement of biodiversity conservation and agroecological practices, ultimately promoting fair, healthy and environmentally sound food systems.

Mots clés : pollinator, metacommunity, meta networks, social ecological systems, agricultural policy

Participants :
- Université de Göttingen (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202125.12 €