Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet DIOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Communication networks play a vital role in the technological infrastructure underpinning Internet traffic applications. Service providers and researchers worldwide are sparing no effort to increase the information capacity and security of telecommunication networks to support the demands of high-speed, reliable and secure emerging internet, data centre, cloud computing, 5G new radio and IoT systems, especially since the outbreak of Coronavirus. Applications such as intelligent transportation, signal processing ubiquitous low-latency connectivity and massive connected objects, have raised challenges for backbone and access networks that are often underpinned by optical, radio or hybrid networks. Artificial intelligent (AI) technologies appear an innovative and promising solution to cope with emerging challenges in optical/wireless/hybrid networks, in which the underlying physics, mathematics and optimisation of problems are non-deterministic to analyse or impossible to describe explicitly. In this proposed research, supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning techniques such as neural networks, clustering and regression will be exploited in optical/wireless/hybrid networks to mitigate stochastic distortions, to predict network conditions and to maximise network capacity. This DIOR proposal aims to unite optical/radio network research and AI technologies for tackling emerging challenges. This project aims to carry out world-leading research on building a machine learning-based communication platform to accelerate secure, intelligent and high-capacity communication networks.

Mots clés : optical communication networks, radio access networks, artificial intelligence, machine learning

Participants :
- Instituto de Telecomunicações (Portugal) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 276000.0 €
- Tampere University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 299000.0 €
- Skein-ukraine (Ukraine) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 230000.0 €
- Fudan University (Chine) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Warwick (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 299000.0 €
- Turing intelligence technology limited (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 253000.0 €
- Tianjin University (Chine) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics (Ukraine) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 276000.0 €
Projet Dynamic CER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) has recently emerged as a key component of health care decision-making, specifically designed to provide evidence of the effectiveness of different health care treatments. The latter are becoming increasingly complex, and there is now intense interest in deploying advanced statistical tools to study and guide the development of such complex systems. Complex interventions might also involve interactions through time, where actions in the past affect the future decision making context. In this case, the temporal dimension should be taken into account into the statistical model, yielding in turn more precise guidelines for health care decision-making. However, current CER methodologies are not well-suited to understand such complex systems or characterise their future behaviour. Statistical methods based on dynamic modelling are therefore needed to advance progress of the state-of-the art of CER research. In particular, this fellowship will tackle the problem by developing novel statistical methodologies for the study of the temporal dynamics of complex health care interventions, both for primary research and evidence synthesis. For primary research, the fellowship will explore the emerging case of pervasive and technology-based interventions, which are by nature dynamic. For evidence synthesis - which is the procedure of summarising evidence from different primary studies of a specific health condition - the innovative tool of network meta-analysis will be deployed and an extension for dynamically monitoring and updating the results of existing network meta-analyses will be developed.

Mots clés : comparative effectiveness research, dynamic modelling, network meta analysis, jitais

Participants :
- Université Paris Cité (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet OCHRE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : MSCA other
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Comparative genetic analysis of grasses, one of the most widely distributed plant families and including the three most important human foods, has demonstrated that different groups differ in the evolutionary presence of intergenomic chromosome translocations in polyploid species, including the important crops. The overall goal of our research group is to define the nature and mechanism of terminal intergenomic translocations in oats (Avena) where these are frequent, allowing us to model their contribution to cereal genome evolution. We hypothesize that terminal translocations between oat genomes are related to transposable element activity, a decrease in DNA methylation, and histone modifications that are differential between the genomes. In our main project we proposed a focused series of complementary molecular cytogenetic, bioinformatic, and epigenetic studies on oat and wheat genomes to characterize this physical genome rearrangement process. We will develop translocation-specific probes and find breakpoints using advanced bioinformatic tools. A comprehensive model illustrating the potential mechanisms involved in terminal intergenomic translocations will be elucidated by the simultaneous hybridization with the use of genome- and translocation-specific probes, retrotransposon sequences, and immunostaining. The research will reveal why genomes of oats show frequent intergenomic translocations, playing a significant role in their evolution, in contrast to wheats where the translocations are rare. Bioinformatic analyses for high throughput sequencing data are a huge part of our project. As a disabled person, I need additional support for the purchase of a computer and laptop to perform advanced bioinformatic analyses in the shortest possible time, and thus reduce negative effects of computers on my health. I also apply for monitors with eye care technology, and desk and contour chair adapted to the need of disabled person.

Mots clés : evolution, translocations, repetitive dna, retrotransposons, bioinformatics, disabled researcher

Participants :
- University of Leicester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 22250.0 €
Projet FoodSMART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Compared to meals prepared at home, meals eaten out tend to contain more calories, total fat and saturated fat and it is here where the consumer has very little control or knowledge of the nutrient profile of the food they are eating (Bohm and Quartuccio, 2008). The positive association between the rise in consumption of food prepared outside the home and the increasing prevalence of obesity has been described as a major health and wellbeing societal challenge. Attempts to increase public awareness of appropriate ways to eat more healthily unfortunately do not seem to have led to significant changes in patterns of food purchase and consumption especially from an eating ‘out-of-home’ situation. It has become obvious that the development of effective measures for improvement requires further systematic research and a radical approach. The aim of FoodSMART is to develop an innovative technical (ICT) menu solution that enables informed consumer choice when eating out that takes into account individual characteristics (such as culture, dietary requirements and age group) as well as product (specification) and environmental cues (choice architecture and consumption setting). This aim will be achieved through the evaluation of consumer orientated intelligence (what information consumers require/trust i.e. information quality); the assessment of industry orientated intelligence (impact of customisation) and the subsequent development of data analytics and Quick Recognition (QR) coding for personalised food recommendation; thereby, facilitating the consumption of healthy and appropriate dishes. Results will be gathered and modelled to provide strategic intelligence for menu design and decision-making (by Industry) and for policy purposes (by the EU); further, this translational research will be disseminated both at scientific and consumer levels. Increasing the pace and scale of innovation within out-of-home eating is fundamental to this proposal.

Mots clés : out of home eating, health, diet, sustainable food choice, consumer behaviour

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 94500.0 €
- Ronge & partner gmbh (Autriche) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 103500.0 €
- Centre de recherche de l'institut lyfe (France) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 67500.0 €
- University of Macedonia (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 117000.0 €
- Hellenic Health Foundation (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- Bournemouth University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 117000.0 €
Projet INTERCONNECTION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Complex multicellular organisms evolved to ensure that each tissue or organ responds appropriately to infectious challenge. Achieving pathogen elimination whilst preventing excessive collateral damage often requires the coordination of opposing types of immune responses (such as type-2 and type-17) within particular tissues. Reaching this equilibrium is even more complex when we consider pathogens that migrate across different organs. The mechanisms orchestrating immune responses between tissues, however, remain largely unexplored. Helminth infections provide great models to investigate this process as infective larvae migrate across different organs to complete their life cycles. In this proposal we will employ two distantly related nematode parasites, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Litomosoides sigmodontis, to identify and dissect the common mechanisms responsible for coordinating immune responses between different non-lymphoid tissues. Although exhibiting very distinct infection dynamics, both parasites induce host-protective type-2 immune responses, which are the result of an intricate cross-talk with type-17 immunity and poorly understood events early during infection. In addition, both nematodes have the skin as their entry site. Thus, we will employ state-of-the-art high-dimension techniques to generate an extensive phenotypical and topological characterization of the immune responses against nematode larvae in the skin. Moreover, a novel approach for local genetic manipulation of IL-17-producing dermal γδ T cells (the main orchestrators of skin type-17 immunity) will allow us to transpose the mechanisms of type-2/type-17 cross-talk to an inter-tissue dimension. Hence, by determining how skin immunity impacts the generation of systemic immune responses INTERCONNECTION will provide a new holistic view of nematode infections and open avenues of research that pave the way for immunization strategies of the future.

Mots clés : nippostrongylus brasiliensis, litomosoides sigmodontis, t cells, il 17, type 2 immunity, inter tissue communication

Participants :
- University of Manchester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet HIntNets (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Complex networks are an essential ingredient of modern life, and underpin integral parts of our biological, physical, technological and socio-economic universe. Thus far, such networks have been mainly represented as graphs. However, while graphs can capture pairwise interactions between nodes, fundamental interactions in networks often take place between multiple nodes. For example, in socio-economic networks, the joint coordinated activity of several agents (e.g. buyer, seller, broker); the formation and interactions of coalitions; the emergence of peer pressure; and the existence of triadic closure are all prevalent. The objective of this interdisciplinary project is to investigate such non-binary interactions in complex networks and their dynamical implications. Specifically, we will investigate how such interactions can be taken into account for the modelling, analysis and design of complex networks. To achieve this, we will extend the geometrical framework of simplicial complexes to account systematically for weighted non-binary couplings of nodes, node-pairs, triplets, etc., allowing us to consistently assess and design higher-order interactions. Here, we will focus on consensus and random walks as prototypical examples of a range of other phenomena. Working at the interface of Network Science and Control Theory, we will combine recent tools from both fields and apply our results to real biological and socio-economic networks and data. We will investigate how the consideration of non-binary couplings can yield an improved understanding of the propagation of external shocks in socio-economic networks, and help to reveal dynamical groupings in networks emerging from systems biology experiments. Providing a synergy between the applicant’s multidisciplinary background and the leading Systems, Optimization and Control research of the hosts, this proposal holds the potential to leverage the candidate’s career and yield scientific results of general relevance.

Mots clés : complex networks, dynamics on networks, non binary interactions, simplicial complexes, consensus dynamics, graph laplacian, discrete potential theory

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251857.8 €
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SoEvoFish (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Complex societies where some individuals forego reproduction, pose an evolutionary conundrum. There have been numerous attempts over past decades to explain why individuals capable of reproduction would give up the chance to propagate their own genes. Yet, there remain debates about the relative importance of various factors in shaping social evolution. Additionally, a clear bias towards the study of terrestrial animals prevents us from viewing the whole picture. The overall objective of the proposed study is to build a more general framework for social evolution in animals, by conducting novel studies of two model coral reef fish systems. Specifically, we will conduct in situ investigations on two species: the clown anemonefish Amphiprion percula (f. Pomacentridae) and the coral goby Paragobiodon xanthosomus (f. Gobiidae). Both species are ideal models as they form groups consisting of a breeding pair and one or several non-breeding subordinates. We will test three hypotheses that explain the social evolution of these species: kin selection, whereby nonbreeders gain fitness benefit by helping close relatives reproduce; ecological and social constraints, whereby non-breeders stay in the group and do not contest for breeding positions because of poor alternative options both outside and inside the group; and synergistic effects, where group augmentation leads to large groups benefiting all members. The project will be conducted at Boston University (BU) and the University of Exeter (UoE), bringing together leading experts of social evolution in fish, Prof Pete Buston, and in mammals and insects, Prof Mike Cant. Thus, the project will promote a two-way transfer of knowledge, and enable us to form a more complete picture of social evolution in the animal kingdom. The proposed work will provide extensive training for the experienced researcher, Dr. Theresa Rueger, and enable her to build on her existing expertise to develop an independent career in research.

Mots clés : social evolution, kin selection, group augmentation

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 271732.8 €
- Boston University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet FORECAST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Compounded by habitat fragmentation and the pervasive impact of climate change, biodiversity, particularly in global biodiversity hotspots, faces an uncertain future. Orchids, among the most threatened plant groups in the world, have symbiotic associations with soil fungi in order to establish new individuals from seeds. Yet this important interaction between orchids and fungi is poorly understood in the context of rapid environmental change. The FORECAST project will provide a detailed investigation into the symbiotic relationship between a high profile orchid group of high conservation concern in Mediterranean habitats in Australia, the spider orchids, (genus Caladenia) and their fungal associates, using a combination of molecular, field, and physiological experiments. This will be used as a model system to predict the response of orchids to ongoing climate change and the resilience of these fungal symbioses in degraded and natural environments. Subsequently, during the incoming phase, the project will transfer the skills and perspectives learned from the outgoing phase and focus on members of European orchid Anacamptis in the Mediterranean. The fellowship will be hosted by Prof. Michael F. Fay at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew with a two year outgoing period at the Curtin University of Western Australia under the supervision of Prof. Kingsley W. Dixon, one of the world’s leading experts in the field of orchid ecology and conservation. I will learn state-of-the-art techniques for the study of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Australia and transfer them to one of world’s leading botanic gardens and conservation centres, RBG Kew. This work will be facilitated by ongoing collaborations with the University of Naples Federico II. The ultimate goal of the FORECAST project is to develop new multi-faceted strategies for ongoing orchid conservation in Mediterranean habitats under climate change, thereby uniting conservation approaches in both Australia and Europe.

Mots clés : orchids, conservation, climate change, mycorrhizal fungi

Participants :
- Curtin University (Australie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 277940.16 €
Projet ADAPTIVE INVERSIONS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Comprehending adaptation is key to understanding our changing world. Despite this, we still know little about the genetic basis of adaptation. The picture becomes even more complex when we move beyond base pairs to large structural variation. Inversions may contain hundreds or thousands of loci but segregate largely as one unit, as they prevent recombination. Nonetheless, these giant genomic units seemingly facilitate rapid adaptation and speciation in a wide variety of taxa. The key objective of this project is to determine how inversions contribute to adaptation and how they evolve by systematically examining and disentangling the forces that govern the evolution of an inversion in a model species, the seaweed fly Coelopa frigida. I will combine interdisciplinary techniques to address crucial and novel aspects of the relationship between inversions and adaptation. I will be based at the Linnaeus Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (CeMEB), an interdisciplinary centre of research excellence at the University of Gothenburg (UGOT) in Sweden. Via training-through-research including a secondment to the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência in Portugal I will learn new techniques from multiple disciplines, including advanced scripting for analysis of next generation sequencing data, theoretical modelling, and reduced representation library preparation and analysis.

Mots clés : adaptation, chromosomal inversion, cline

Participants :
- University of Gothenburg (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173857.2 €
Projet APE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Compromised early brain development leads to lifelong disabilities, which have a heavy impact on the child, families, as well as society as a whole. Advances in clinical care have led to an increasing number of babies surviving extreme prematurity. The global challenge is to avoid early brain injuries by optimizing neurological care during the early days of neonatal intensive care. This aim necessitates the use of constant, cot-side brain monitoring using the electroencephalograph (EEG), which faces formidable logistic challenges due to the need for large scale data analysis by EEG experts. The only imaginable solution for dealing with the vast amount of EEG information is to automate EEG analysis. This action proposes the development of an original, automated, cot-side Analyser for Preterm EEG (APE). This algorithm will be based on the combination of state of the art biomedical signal processing techniques and recent advances in basic developmental neuroscience. An accurate cot side EEG analyser has strong clinical potential for improving early brain care, leading to lifelong improvements in affected individuals as well as unprecedented opportunities to benchmark new brain interventions. The project will significantly develop the applicant’s career by adding new domains of human neurophysiology and basic neuroscience, bio-signal analysis, as well as conduct of international research projects to his skillset. His secondment to a well-established Finnish SME in the field, MegaEMG, will provide insight into the development of medical devices, commercialization, and regularity environment. The technology developed in this project is translatable into medical devices, providing an opportunity to enhance Europe’s status as a market leader in brain monitoring devices, as well as University of Helsinki’s standing as a centre of excellence for neonatal neurophysiology.


Participants :
- University of Helsinki (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191325.6 €