Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MIDLIFT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this Fellowship is the development of a novel mid-infrared laser system for high-throughput bioprinting by laser-induced forward-transfer (LIFT). The Fellow will develop a high repetition-rate, high-power, nanosecond laser system emitting at exactly 2.9 µm (the peak absorption wavelength of liquid water). The strong absorption of the mid-infrared laser output in biomaterials will be utilised for the demonstration of a new bioprinting technique: mid-infrared LIFT of biomaterials. It will overcome the main drawback of conventional biomaterial LIFT, which is the reliance on additional absorber layers and contamination of printed materials with metallic debris. Mid-infrared LIFT will enable high-throughput (10k droplets/s), high-resolution (picolitre droplets) 3D-printing of biomaterials without metallic contamination and will be a highly promising platform for tissue fabrication. The mid-infrared laser system will be realised with a gain-switched quantum-cascade diode laser and multiple Er-doped fluoride-fibre amplifier stages. The laser system will be designed to provide 25 ns pulse durations, 10-30 µJ pulse energies, 100 kHz repetition rate, and laser emission at 2.9 µm wavelength. This laser system will be integrated into an existing LIFT setup and used for the first demonstration of mid-infrared LIFT bioprinting. The Fellow is an early-stage postdoc, who has resumed his research career after a 5-year period working in industry. He is an expert in fibre laser development and will be trained in quantum-cascade-lasers, gain-switched diode lasers, LIFT, and bioprinting. The complementary training will include communication and dissemination of research results, commercialisation of research output, and acquisition of research and innovation project funding. The Fellowship will enable the Fellow to establish a unique scientific profile, build a research network, and reach professional maturity.

Mots clés : bioprinting, mid infrared laser, fiber laser, lift

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet SmaMoMeMoDs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this Fellowship, entitled “Smart Modulation Methods for Energy Efficient Operation and Health Monitoring of Future Motor Drives” (SmaMoMeDs) is to train an outstanding researcher (Dr Lassi Aarniovuori) with a strong academic background through a research project focused on the innovative modulation algorithms for a new technology wide-bandgap gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC) based inverter bridges (power switches) that will be used in future motor drives. These new switches allow the use of ultra-high switching frequencies in motor drives, creating opportunities to improve the performance, reliability and energy-efficiency of the motor drives systems. The proposed smart modulation methods are aimed 1) to identify the motor parameters for the control system, 2) to optimize the modulation method according to the operating conditions, 3) to detect any changes in the mechanical or electrical behavior of the motor parameters for health monitoring. The applicant Dr. Aarniovuori will be trained in the field of electrical power engineering, power electronics, motors, and drives. These are the key components in any modern industrial applications and they are a part of people’s everyday live in all welfare societies. The Fellow will get a unique training experience at the host – Aston University its industrial partner Jaguar Landrover (JLR)., its academic partners Newcastle University (UK) and Politecnic Torino (Italy).

Mots clés : energy efficiency, variable speed drives, drives, pulse width modulation, new wide band gap devices, modulation, converter, motor, system identification, conditioning monitoring

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet QUANTUM HARVEST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this action is to contribute towards the development of thermal machines which harvest the thermal as well as quantum fluctuations that are present in nanoscopic devices. To this end, a better understanding of fluctuations in thermal machines is required. The present proposal therefore includes a thorough investigation of fluctuations in quantum thermal machines. A focus lies on the non-classical character of these fluctuations and on the extraction of work from quantum heat engines. The proposal is divided into four work packages. In order to certify non-classical behavior, the first work package develops appropriate witnesses of non-classicality. The fluctuations in thermal machines are then investigated in three complementary work packages. Work package two investigates the fluctuations of heat, work, and efficiency in heat engine models. Non-classical behavior is expected to manifest itself in these fluctuations. A novel, Keldysh type input-output formalism will be developed to go beyond the standard regime of weak coupling between machine and thermal reservoirs. Work package three focuses on fluctuations that arise due to the finite size of thermal reservoirs present in mesoscopic systems. To this end, a novel formalism based on stochastic path integrals and quantum master equations will be developed. Work package four finally focuses on the crossover from a classical to a quantum regime. To this end, thermodynamic processes such as the expansion of a gas are investigated. Explicitly taking into account how work is extracted from the system, back-action effects from the corresponding quantum measurement are investigated. Together, these work packages give a rather complete picture on different types of fluctuations in quantum thermal machines. This is expected to settle the open question of a quantum advantage in thermal machines and will likely lead to novel types of machines which harvest thermal as well as quantum fluctuations.

Mots clés : quantum thermodynamics, quantum thermal machines, fluctuations, full counting statistics, open quantum systems, non classical correlations, entanglement

Participants :
- Lund University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185857.2 €
Projet MWMI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this highly multi-disciplinary and inter-sectional proposal is to develop a novel computational in-vivo MRI technique, namely Mesoscopic White-Matter magnetic resonance Imaging (MWMI). MWMI will measure 5 specific micro-scale metrics at a mesoscopic spatial resolution of about 300 μm: myelin, iron, water concentration, axonal density, and the ratio between inner and outer fiber diameter (g-ratio) - a surrogate measure for its conductance speed. Conventional quantitative MRI (qMRI), such as Diffusion Tensor Imaging, can detect but not determine the origin of microstructural changes, whereas MWMI will both detect microstructural changes and identify their origin (e.g. whether learning leads to axonal reorganization or myelination). To facilitate MWMI, 3 major methodological innovations will be developed: (a) Advanced biophysical models: Unlike existing biophysical models (e.g. axonal diameter model), which are ill posed due to the restriction to one qMRI mechanism, MWMI will combine 4 different qMRI mechanisms (relaxometry, diffusion MRI, magnetization transfer, and proton density imaging) to better condition its models. (b) Spatial integration: Novel physically-informed artifact correction methods will allow spatial integration of high-quality maps from 4 different qMRI techniques with sub-voxel accuracy. (c) Mesoscopic resolution: Unlike standard biophysical models and qMRI, the unprecedented resolution of MWMI will allow estimating micro-scale metrics within the white matter that are unbiased by partial volume effects. The pain circuit, which is a fundamental and well-described sense, will be used to demonstrate the feasibility of MWMI. Longitudinal MWMI be performed to measure micro-scale correlated of nociceptive long-term habituation in the spinal cord, the first and crucial anatomical structure associated with pain.

Mots clés : diffusion mri, quantitative mri, biophysical models, spinal cord, motion artifacts, susceptibility artifacts, physiological noise, pain stimulation, habituation, longitudinal mri

Participants :
- Universität Hamburg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet DUSC3 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this innovative, inter-disciplinary project is to explain the role of mineral dust during key climate periods through its feedbacks on the global carbon cycle and climate. Mineral (desert) dust is a major component of the natural aerosol load globally. It impacts the climate system directly by interacting with solar and terrestrial radiation, and indirectly impacts clouds, surface albedo, and biogeochemical cycles. Paleodust records from land, ice and oceans show significant variability, both in the alternation of glacial/interglacial cycles, and on shorter time scales, with potential impacts on climate change in the 21st century. The state-of-the-art IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model will be our main research tool, with simulations grounded in an extensive compilation of observational data, constraining the mass balance as well as the physical and compositional properties of dust. Mentoring from supervisors will provide fertile grounds for training the candidate through mobility, ensuring both the realization of this project and his career development. The consistent organization of size- and time-resolved dust mass accumulation rates data since the last interglacial period (130 ka) into an innovative database, will provide a research tool fulfilling an emerging necessity in the climate scientific community, that will be freely shared/disseminated. An integrated observation-modelling approach will allow reconstructing the dust cycle for the Last Glacial Maximum period$. The expected output of the project will fill a gap in the quantitative understanding of the global dust cycle, studying its impacts in the future with direct impacts on reducing the uncertainty in aerosol feedbacks on climate. Therefore, it fits the goals of the key Horizon 2020 Environment & Climate Action: “Developing climate modelling and science for climate services to help provide trustworthy science-based information to government, public and private decisiion-makers".

Mots clés : mineral dust, past climate, biogeochemical cycles, soluble iron, carbon cycle, radiative effect, global modeling

Participants :
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet AUTOOLIGO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to develop an automated synthesis of the Streptococcus pneumoniae 7F capsular polysaccharide repeating unit, which is of high interest for synthetic vaccines against this pathogen. This structural motif has never been synthesized yet, not even by traditional solution techniques. Our approach is highly innovative in the application of automated oligosaccharide synthesis, which will make the synthetic procedure more time- and cost-effective. In the course of the project, a series of orthogonally protected monosaccharide building blocks will be synthesized. The oligosaccharide will be assembled on oligosaccharide synthesizer. Photocleavage in a flow reactor and global deprotection will yield the target molecule. The oligosaccharide will be subjected to bioconjugation with a CRM197 carrier protein to produce conjugate vaccine candidate. This conjugate will be tested for the ability to induce an immune response against S. penumoniae 7F.

Mots clés : oligosaccharides, automated synthesis, streptococcus pneumoniae, conjugate vaccine

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet QoSIoTSmartCities (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to enable the delivery of Quality of Service (QoS) for the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart cities. 50 billion devices are expected to be connected to the Internet by 2020. In order to achieve high end-to-end QoS for IoT in smart cities, the problems of scalability, latency, reliability, energy efficiency and mobility must be solved jointly. The specific objectives of this project are (1) to develop forecasting algorithms in order to predict IoT traffic on the Internet, (2) to develop predictive QoS optimization algorithms targeted at IoT, and (3) to build a scalable network simulation of IoT devices in a representative smart city model in order to estimate the end-to-end latency, reliability, energy-efficiency for a section of a city-wide network that includes mobile IoT devices. The results of the project are expected to impact the development of IoT standards in regard to the incorporation of forecasting-based methods to wireless network planning and development. The long-term impact of the project beyond IoT is expected to be the incorporation of forecasting-based methods into all layers of the protocol stack for wireless networks.

Mots clés : internet of things  iot, network protocols, machine to machine  m2m  communication

Participants :
- Yaşar University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 145355.52 €
Projet AGENT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to exploit ancient Northern European landraces and improve the ability of the important cereal, barley, to acquire and utilize nutrients from the soil more efficiently. Climate change pressures and degradation of arable lands are expected to increase the need to produce feed and food even in unfavorable environments, such as marginal soils with inherent nutrient limitations. Thus, it will be a major breeding focus to select traits associated with enhanced crop robustness in order to secure the future demand for plant products. In this context, recent work has demonstrated a superior capacity of Northern European barley landraces, adapted to marginal soils, to acquire and allocate essential micronutrients. This project aims to advance our knowledge of adaptive traits conferring nutrient use efficiency. This will be achieved by bridging disciplines of plant genetics and plant nutrition, not only by unravelling functions of individual genes, but also by capturing the compensatory adjustments at the transcriptome and molecular physiology levels, preserved in landraces but seemingly lost from modern elite cultivars. The overall scientific objective is to identify the genetic control of nutrient stress tolerance, and specifically to: (i) use exome capture sequencing to identify candidate genes involved in nutrient deficiency tolerance; (ii) study the transcriptional responses of these genes under nutrient stress and their dynamics with time after stress recovery; (iii) describe in detail the physiological responses contributing to improved nutrient stress tolerance of major cereal crops. The proposed project will deliver quantitative information and a predictive understanding of nutrient stress tolerance and will provide new breeding material. The findings will act as an exemplar for other major cereals to expand cultivation and stabilize yields in marginal previously unproductive land.

Mots clés : landraces, micronutrients, nutrient use efficiency, marginal land, manganese, transporters, rhizosphere, photosynthesis

Participants :
- James Hutton Institute (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet HEF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to extend the work of Beilinson-Bloch-Esnault (BBE) on de Rahm epsilon-factors in dimension one to higher local fields. Together with my collaborators Oliver Braunling and Jesse Wolfson we have carefully studied one of the main tools of BBE, Tate vector bundles, in an abstract context which allows to handle higher-dimensional situations. Moreover, we have successfully constructed a special case of higher epsilon-factors, called higher-dimensional Contou-Carrère symbols, and established an array of reciprocity laws for this case. It seems very likely that similar methods, also of K-theoretic nature like in the case of symbols, can be used to shed light on higher de Rahm epsilon-factors, and reciprocity phenomena thereof. The candidate will investigate the connection between the approach via Tate objects, and extend Patel's K-theoretic framework in a compatible way. A higher analogue of Beilinson's topological epsilon-factors is also envisioned, and a comparison result between this theory and the de Rham version. This project offers a new viewpoint on the arithmetic and geometric behaviour of higher local fields.

Mots clés : epsilon factors, flat connections, holonomic d modules, higher local fields, tate vector spaces, k theory, reciprocity, ad les

Participants :
- Freie Universität Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet MuRChap (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of this project is to investigate how mutations that affect RNA structure can be buffered in trans by RNA chaperones using a combination of experimental and computational approaches. The Warnecke lab (the host) recently showed that RNA chaperones, like their protein chaperone counterparts, can buffer the fitness effects of deleterious mutations in Escherichia coli (Rudan et al. 2015 eLife, 4:e04745). However, the rules governing mutation buffering at the RNA level remain poorly understood. Do RNA chaperones rescue misfolded RNA intermediates? Do they alleviate the effects of mutation that lead to excessively stable secondary structures? Which mutations are amenable to buffering and which are not? And does that presence of RNA chaperones render their substrate RNAs more evolvable? Here, I will evaluate the buffering capacity of a model RNA chaperone, the DEAD-box RNA helicase CYT-19, by exploring how it affects the mutational robustness of the Tetrahymena group I intron, whose self-splicing activity is dependent on its structure. Following systematic site-directed and random mutagenesis, I will assay differential splicing activity of the generated intron variants and compare results to predictions from RNA structural modelling. Importantly, I will assay activity both in the presence and in the absence of CYT-19 to identify mutations that are buffered by RNA chaperone activity. To further understand the structural impact of chaperone-dependent mutations, I will use in-cell SHAPE-Seq to determine the mutated intron structures. To my knowledge, this is the first quantitative assessment of mutational effects on RNA in the presence of an RNA chaperone. The expected outcome will improve our understanding of RNA robustness, and may reveal insights into making better RNA-based tools.

Mots clés : rna chaperones, mutation buffering, intron, splicing

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet EFFECT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The goal of this project is to substantially improve the understanding of the non-equilibrium dynamics of large fermionic systems and their interaction with the quantized electromagnetic field. Fermionic systems play a significant role in the description of molecules and condensed matter. Their time evolution is determined by the Schrödinger equation which, however, is very challenging to analyze for large systems with many particles. For this reason simpler effective equations are used to approximately predict the time evolution. These are easier to investigate but less exact. In physics, effective equations are derived by heuristic arguments. Beyond that, a mathematical analysis is essential to prove the range of validity of the applied approximation. In the scope of this project new mathematical tools will be developed to rigorously derive effective evolution equations for fermionic systems at zero and finite temperature. The Hartree-Fock equation with Coulomb potential will be derived from the Schrödinger equation in a many-fermion mean-field limit which is coupled to a semiclassical limit. In the same scaling limit the use of the (fermionic) Maxwell-Schrödinger equations as approximate time evolution of the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian will be justified. Moreover, it will be proven that the quantum fluctuations around the effective equations are described by Bogoliubov theory. Explicit estimates for the error caused by the approximation will be provided. In total, this will enhance the understanding about the creation of correlations among fermions and the emergence of classical field theories from quantum field theories. The derivations are long outstanding and there is an extensive need for new mathematical methods in semiclassical analysis and many-body quantum mechanics. It is expected that the new techniques will also have a strong impact on studies about dilute Bose gases at positive temperature and fermionic systems in the kinetic regime.

Mots clés : many body quantum mechanics, effective evolution equations, mean field limit, hartree fock equation, maxwell schr dinger equations, fermionic systems, pauli fierz hamiltonian

Participants :
- University of Basel (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191149.44 €