Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet REPRODAGEING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Understanding why we age and die, and why individuals differ in their ageing trajectories remains one of the big challenges for science. REPRODAGEING uses a combination of complementary approaches and cutting-edge techniques from evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology and ecophysiology and an innovative avian life history model – Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) artificial selection lines that differ genetically in their pace of life – to quantify how divergent reproductive strategies influence individual, sex-specific and transgenerational ageing trajectories. I will use biomarkers of oxidative stress and ageing to quantify within-individual mosaics of physiological damage accumulation across somatic and reproductive tissues and test if these within-body mosaics of ageing are shaped by an individual’s life history strategy. Furthermore, I will quantify how parental physiological states at conception affect the next generation and if these transgenerational effects are shaped by the quality of the early life environment. I will be hosted at the Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, UK, which is one of the leading departments for evolutionary whole-organism research in Europe. The host complements my own research strengths in an ideal way, ensuring a successful implementation of the project, and allowing me to develop my research profile. At the same time, I will enhance the host’s expertise and capacity in ecophysiological research. Thus, this fellowship will enhance my skills and career prospects through a two-way transfer of knowledge. REPRODAGEING is highly relevant for fundamental evolutionary biology, but has also implications for biomedicine, assisted reproduction, animal breeding and wildlife conservation, and it will contribute to enhance the European science excellence and competitiveness.

Mots clés : life history evolution, costs of reproduction, evolution of ageing, oxidative stress, transgenerational effects

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 319400.64 €
Projet EUP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Unemployment is one of the major challenges that the world economy is facing at present. The European Union (EU) is trying to cope with this problem by promoting the flexicurity strategy (Europe 2020: COM(2010) 2020 final). This strategy aims to conciliate the flexibility requested by companies and the social and employment security needed by workers (COM(2007) 359 final). One of its main aspects concerns the relevant role recognized to active and passive labour market policies (active and passive LMPs). At the same time, the flexicurity concept is vague and ambiguous: this aspect brings difficulties in its implementation, and can have negative implications on the level of protection of unemployed people. The research project aims to analyse the legal implementation/adaptation (i./a.) of the flexicurity strategy – with regard to active and passive LMPs – in three member states: Germany, Italy and Denmark, that are representative of three different kinds of social security systems in EU, (Continental, Mediterranean and Nordic systems). The legal i./a. will be analysed throughout an innovative inter/multidisciplinary approach focused on widen the labour law perspective throughout an applicative analysis (labour economics) and an analysis of the constitutional rights involved (constitutional law and political philosophy). By highlighting different processes of legal i./a. of the active and passive LMPs in the considered member States, the research will contribute to increase the effectiveness of the EU employment policies in order to achieve adequate level of social security protection and activation possibilities for the EU citizens. Thus, the project aims to formulate Employment Policy Suggestions, which can be deduced from the empirical analysis outcomes, considering also integrative approaches and strategies to the flexicurity.

Mots clés : employment policies, unemployment, active labour market policies, passive labour market policies, unemployment benefits, social security system

Participants :
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet UNA4CAREER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), one of the top ranked Universities in Spain, supports Post Doctorates through its own talent attraction programme (0,5M€/year) and co-funds 50% of Regional programmes (0.5M€/year). UCM is a well-positioned University at National and EU level, but expanding the funding and territorial scope of these initiatives will allow UCM and the Region to become even more attractive to outside talent. UNI4CAREER aims at mobilizing 7M€ in the Region (over doubling current funding), through a multiannual fellowship programme (60 months) that will attract 40 experienced researchers in 2 international calls (20 researchers / call). The fellows will incorporate into one of 94 UCM´s excellence groups on 4 knowledge areas: humanities, health, social and experimental sciences. UNA4CAREER leverages on UNA EUROPA ALLIANCE inspired by, and contributing to, EC EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES INITIATIVE: UCM plus 5 top EU universities from Italy, France, Belgium, Germany and Poland, that will be Partner Organisations (PO) offering secondment positions, being all committed with HRS4R (4 out of 6 members, including UCM, awarded). UNA4CAREER, as an open network enabling 40 researchers to combine their work in an INTERNATIONAL (6 countries), CROSS-SECTORAL (possibility to interact with over 500 actors through the UNA Europa Alliance) and INTERDISCIPLINARY (4 scientific areas) framework, will definitely help spreading the best practices of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions. UNA4CAREER will allow the fellows to EXPAND their SKILLS in order to improve their employability in both the academic and non-academic sectors, through SECONDMENTS (60 months in Academic and 30 months in non-Academic entities are estimated). UNA4CAREER will also encourage researchers to PURSUE A CAREER with a truly European dimension including COMPLEMENTARY TRAINING ON RESEARCH AND TRANSFERABLE SKILLS (over 58 courses available).

Mots clés : talent, international, intersectoral, interdisciplinary, career development, employability, networking, excellence, universities alliance, humanities, health, social sciences, experimental sciences

Participants :
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 4413600.0 €
Projet SMALLDIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Unlike extreme disasters, smaller scale disaster events receive relatively little attention in Climate Change and Disaster studies even though they occur more frequently and cause considerable damage and disruption to local economic, social, and environmental systems. This project looks at the impact and response generated by extensive disaster events in three regions in Italy as a means of furthering understanding of vulnerability and risk to recurring natural hazards. The project holds significant policy relevance in the fields of development, disaster risk reduction, and climate change adaptation. Despite their cumulative impact, small disasters are frequently left out of national disaster databases, and do not form the focus of national climate change or disaster management policies. As demonstrated by Marulanda et al (2010), the accumulated economic, social and environmental cost of small scale disasters can be higher in comparison to high impact, low frequency events occurring over the same time period. Small disasters are also important because they reveal underlying local development and planning issues that form the root cause of vulnerability to more extreme events. The objectives of this project include 1) a conceptual assessment of mechanisms for capturing data on disaster losses to analyze how definitions impact data accuracy for measuring extensive risk; 2) using alternative sources to build on existing datasets in order to assess the economic, social, and environmental losses associated with extensive disasters for three regions in Italy; 3) examining how disaster management institutions and communities respond to small scale and recurrent disasters, and if such events trigger changes in risk perception, disaster management, and learning at both institutional and community levels; 4) comparisons between quantitative and qualitative impacts of disaster events, and institutional regimes, hazard contexts, and cultural norms for confronting risk.

Mots clés : extensive risk, small scale disasters, disaster losses, disaster databases, risk reduction

Participants :
- Euro-Mediterranean Center for Climate Change (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet Back2Sea (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Unravelling adaptations and evolutionary impacts of major ecological transitions remains a central theme in evolutionary biology. Secondary invasions of the aquatic realm by land-dwelling tetrapods are one such example, involving a shift from limb-based to axial-driven locomotion and accompanying reorganization of the postcranial skeleton. Modifications of limbs to flippers are well documented, yet, adaptations of the backbone associated with these transitions remain poorly understood. Mammals have reinvaded water numerous times, using a variety of swimming modes, and thus provide an ideal system for studying axial evolution in land-to-water transitions. The Back2Sea project will investigate the impact of the secondary invasion of the aquatic realm on the mammalian backbone by examining: (i) vertebral morphology and function, (ii) backbone regionalisation and modularity, and (iii) mode and tempo of axial evolution. To achieve this, Back2Sea will quantify form and function at the organismic scale using biomechanical experimentation, and combine this with data on macroevolutionary patterns of vertebral morphology across a wide variety of terrestrial, aquatic, and semiaquatic extant and fossil mammals. Analyses conducted in a broad phylogenetic and quantitative evolutionary context will address fundamental questions about the patterns and processes driving land-to-water transitions. This multidisciplinary approach will allow the Fellow to expand upon her previous work on cetaceans, and acquire a broad set of new skills including biomechanical experimentation, use of fossil specimens, and cutting-edge computational methods. By developing these skills, enhancing her marine mammal knowledge, and establishing new research networks, Back2Sea will lay the foundation for building the Fellow's research niche as a future leader in marine tetrapod evolutionary dynamics.

Mots clés : backbone, vertebral column, aquatic mammals, macroevolution, biomechanics, morphology, locomotion

Participants :
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Manchester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 271732.8 €
Projet MIMICS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Upper limb loss affects 94.000 individuals in Europe. Advanced treatments rely on myoelectric prostheses controlled by amputees’ electromyograms or EMG. Despite expected benefits, today's schemes provide limited re-gain of functionality and lack of bio-mimesis, i.e. they use: (1) direct mapping between EMG and prosthesis joint angle, disregarding underlying neuromusculoskeletal processes, and failing to generalize to unseen conditions (robustness lack), (2) stiff actuators not mimicking biological compliant joints, preventing natural motion (functionality lack). MIMICS proposes a biomimetic paradigm: (1) a modelling formulation that simulates amputee’s phantom limb musculoskeletal dynamics as controlled by EMGs, and (2) prostheses with variable stiffness “soft” actuators. This opens to next-generation “soft” prostheses that can mimic biological limb functionality and robustness; a priority of current European policies and technology roadmaps, with estimated initial markets for functional myoelectric prostheses of €1 billion. MIMICS combines required interdisciplinary skills on soft actuation (host), neuromusculoskeletal modelling (fellow), and clinical bionic reconstruction (secondment). The career development plan is tailored on fellow’s needs: new skills acquisition (soft actuation/clinical prosthetics), project/teamwork management, open science/gender aspects care, ERC grant writing support. The action transfers fellow’s pre-acquired knowledge to the host and opens cooperation with secondment institute, thus increasing host’s visibility in myoelectric control and clinical prosthetics. The secondment expands MIMICS outcomes to boarder clinical perspectives and boosts knowledge transfer among organizations. Outreach activities plan to improve public understanding of MIMICS achievements, socio-economical potentials and clinical benefits. This all is set to improve fellow’s career prospects and form a European network of excellence in neurorehabilitation technologies

Mots clés : biomimetic, emg driven musculoskeletal modelling, muscle actuated simulation, joint stiffness, prosthesis myoelectric control, real time modelling, upper limb, variable stiffness actuator

Participants :
- Italian Institute of Technology (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet SustUrbanFoods (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Urban food systems are sprouting around cities of developed countries to improve the sustainability of cities and citizens’ diets. In particular, urban food systems are being developed upon social and technological innovations to become competitive in the urban environment. A limited number of studies have worked on quantifying the sustainability performance of urban food activities. Even more, studies lack of a three-bottom perspective that integrates the environment, economy and society dimensions. SustUrbanFoods aims to develop an interdisciplinary methodological framework to assess the sustainability of urban food systems with the aim of providing with tools and data for supporting policies and decisions on sustainable urban food systems towards local and green economies. The integration of life cycle assessment and ecosystem services accounting methods is the basis of the SustUrbanFoods’ scheme to analyze the impacts and benefits of urban food systems on the three dimensions of sustainability. Case studies in 4 different countries that exemplify diverse social and technological innovations will be assessed. SustUrbanFoods will provide the fellow with an ideal learning-by-doing framework for improving knowledge, scientific and soft skills, particularly through knowledge exchange and training with the host institution and the partner company. Results will be disseminated to both academia and general public.

Mots clés : life cycle assessment, ecosystem services, urban agriculture, local food systems, innovations

Participants :
- University of Bologna (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 168277.2 €
Projet DeepGeo (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Urban soil contamination resulting from former land-use is important but challenging to measure. Direct measurements are expensive and time-consuming to acquire, making a city-wide assessment impossible. Current statistical methods for modelling the distribution of pollution in urban environments, such as kriging, often fail to do so properly, since the contamination is highly local and uncorrelated with the surroundings. The problems can be mitigated by using multi-output models, such as co-kriging, where several datasets are modelled concurrently. The methods are, however, slow to train and have limited flexibility. DeepGeo will develop state-of-the-art methods for assessing urban soil contamination and provide an open-source software library for geostatistical data analysis, directly making the novel discoveries available to a wide audience. DeepGeo aims to solve the mentioned problems by the use of deep Gaussian processes for estimating urban soil pollution. This recently developed class of models promises enormous flexibility and can model highly nonlinear correlations between outputs, making them far superior to standard co-kriging. They do, however, suffer from scalability issues and empirical studies show flexibility issues with increasing depth. DeepGeo will address the scalability issue by developing new algorithms for approximate inference and for inducing sparsity. Inspired by recent advances in training of deep neural networks, specialised covariance functions that allow for deeper Gaussian process architectures will be constructed. Finally, new and improved methods for learning complicated correlations between outputs will be investigated, thus increasing the amount of information that can be gained from already available data. By making the developed methods available as open-source software, DeepGeo seeks to reach a broad range of research fields as well as benefitting the geochemical industry.


Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet TEAMS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Users’ experience with real-world social systems (e.g., Epinions and eBay) witnesses the importance of Signed Social Networks (SSNs) that have wide practical and valuable applications in social media such as opinion guidance, personalized recommendation, and topic identification. However, the diversity of massive social interactions complicates the trust and distrust relations among users in SSNs. In particular, the complexity of distrust relations leads to significant challenges in detecting the trusted communities and capturing their evolutionary patterns. This research aims to pioneer the innovative mechanisms for detecting the trusted communities and learning the evolutionary dynamics. To this end, we will explore the representation mechanism for SSNs by using the Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) and develop a FCA-based representation model. Next, the mechanisms and corresponding algorithms for detecting trusted communities and identifying their dynamic evolutions will be investigated. This research will provide both theoretical fundamentals and practical techniques for detection and dynamic evolution of trusted communities in SSNs. Moreover, this project can stimulate new research directions and the collaborative opportunities across multiple disciplines, such as social computing, soft computing and networking. To broaden the fellow’s knowledge horizon, a series of research, training, and knowledge transfer activities are planned. The new knowledge and skills imparted in these activities will further promote the applicant’s research portfolio and significantly enhance his career prosperity. The research will also lay a solid foundation for the long-term and wide-range collaborations between the fellow and the host university, and eventually lead to more extensive and higher impact of research results, from which both EU and China will benefit.

Mots clés : social networks, social computing, trust, trusted communities

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet NeT-HiDeA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Using together elements from contemporary French philosophy (Sartre) and arguments from the German Marxist tradition (Bloch), the project proposes an innovative philosophical approach to investigate the relationship between the concepts of time, history, and historicity. The aims of the proposal are: mapping the sociological, anthropological and historiographical analyses that deal with reconfiguration of social temporality, alternatives both to the progress/future perfect logic and to presentism; setting a new conceptual apparatus for the articulation of the categories of delay and anticipation, to establish a differential and stratified conception of socio-historical time; facing time as a social phenomenon, putting this new conceptual apparatus in friction with the experiences of time in the contemporary world of work. The main output of the research will be to transform the instruments for the analysis of social times in operators for a political historiography inseparably connected to effective emancipatory practices. The main outcome of the research will be to produce conceptual instruments appropriate to understand the complex temporal structures of late capitalism, clarifying their relation with contemporary labour and social movements. The originality and innovation of the project for Historical and Social Sciences, Political Philosophy and Political Theory lies in a new critical approach to the intelligibility of history, adequate to understand the socio-political dynamics in our times. The action will be conducted together with two distinguished Research Centers: the MAP-University of Liège (BE) and the HistCon-University of Santa Cruz (CA-USA). The action will construct a fruitful collaboration between the Centers and will be a great opportunity for the researcher’s career in European Universities.

Mots clés : time, temporalities, history, historicity, j  p  sartre, e  bloch, hysteresis, non synchronicity, practices of emancipation

Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Liège (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 248425.92 €