Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet GLIOHAB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Glioblastoma is not only the most frequent but also the most malignant tumour originating in the Central Nervous System. Due to the extremely complex and heterogeneous molecular biology of this tumour “the same treatment for all” approach does not work well in this disease, and standard of care is not always the best option. The intra-patient tumor heterogeneity is one of the responsible factors for the high aggressiveness of these lethal solid tumors and their resistance against effective therapies. In this context, additional efforts are needed for generate novel strategies able to define more tailored personalized treatments that facilitate higher safety and efficacy for relevant sub-populations. GLIOHAB project will develop an artificial intelligence based medical device able to monitor the functional state of the glioblastoma at pixel level. This software will be built on technologies previously co-developed, validated, and patented by the researcher. GLIOHAB will join best experts in the field, in a multidisciplinary and eminently clinical environment, which will provide the optimum conditions for a holistic approach to the solution. This proposal includes both the transfer of knowledge to the host institution and the training of the candidate in new advanced techniques. GLIOHAB results will contribute to monitor the response of highly aggressive tumours to complex treatments, and generate stratification strategies to select treatment responder patients.

Mots clés : multiparametric imaging, unsupervised learning, brain tumours, magnetic resonance imaging, prognostic

Participants :
- Oslo University Hospital (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214158.72 €
Projet CIFTRESS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Global climate change adversely affects crop yields and undermines humanity’s food security and resilience; while previous research has focused on regional agricultural adaptation, the opportunities and vulnerabilities of trade networks have remained less explored. In this vein, this research examines the joint climate, agro-environmental, and economic induced changes to the trade network topologies of five staple foods, i.e., maize, rice, wheat, barley, and soybeans, up to the year 2050 in the European and Mediterranean region. This proposed research adopts an interdisciplinary methodology drawing on crop yield modeling, economic trade modeling, network science, and quantitative scenario building approaches. More specifically, this research will enhance the International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT) Model with fitness network formation and gravity trade models to reveal the regional origin and destination of staple commodities. Through the enhanced model, the network topologies of current and future scenario staple food trade will be investigated and linked to the notions of resilience and security. Scenarios describing alternative dynamics of staple food trade network topologies for each crop will be developed through a comprehensive literature review focusing on agricultural trends, investments, and regional strategies and semi-structured interviews with agro-economists, agriculture policy specialists, and agricultural trade practitioners. The main innovations of this research project are the enhancement of the IMPACT model and in addition, the application of network analysis to interpret the ‘in-direct’ trade flow relationships which are not well captured by the current model. This will enable an analysis of climate change impacts on staple food trade in the light of the network-based configurations of network efficiency, redundancy, and modularity which are linked to the notions of food resilience and security.

Mots clés : climate change impacts and policy, staple food trade, network topology, network resilience, food security, climate change adaptation

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet BioenergArc (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Global climate change and anthropogenic contamination are pressing problems of international scope. A paucity of knowledge exists regarding combined effects of climate change and contaminant exposure on bioenergetics and thermoregulation, effects which are projected to be especially pronounced in the high Arctic. Indeed, understanding joint effects of climate change and anthropogenic contaminants is a current research priority of the Arctic Council. In this project (BioenergArc), I will collaborate with leading French scientists at La Rochelle University to address this research area from a bioenergetic perspective, using a keystone Arctic seabird species, the little auk (Alle alle), as a model system. I will use field respirometry to elucidate whether exposure to a suite of contaminants (methylmercury, organochlorines, perfluoroalkyls) affects resting metabolic rate and thermoregulatory capacity in a fashion that could undermine the capacity to cope with climate change. I will also use accelerometry in combination with experimental manipulations to examine whether contaminant exposure affects field metabolic rate, activity patterns and responses to increased workloads. Finally, I will investigate whether variation in thermoregulatory capacity and energy budgeting affects spatial habitat use and fitness. BioenergArc will combine my expertise in behavioural and physiological responses to environmental change with my collaborators’ complementary expertise in Arctic ecophysiology, ecotoxicology and spatial ecology. I will receive advanced training in field respirometry and biologging, and expand my research in highly topical new directions. Results will be disseminated through top-tier publications, international conferences and public engagement, and communicated to working groups of the Arctic Council to promote conservation initiatives. The project will solidify my scientific reputation and serve as a critical stepping stone towards a permanent research position.

Mots clés : bioenergetics, thermoregulation, anthropogenic contaminants, climate change, arctic seabirds

Participants :
- La Rochelle Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet SynBioLipid (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Global transition towards a climate-neutral economy demands for the sustainable use of renewable biological resources. Microbial lipids are potential products of bio-based industries and sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived fuels and chemicals. The commercial development of microbial lipids from inexpensive feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass is so far limited mainly due to the elevated production costs imposed by physicochemical pre-treatments and extraction of intracellular lipids. In addition, degradation of lignocellulose releases compounds which are toxic for most of the microorganisms. One solution is to construct engineered organisms with improved metabolic capabilities integrating pre-treatment, fermentation, detoxification and secretion of lipids. Hitherto, there is no successful research on an engineered organism which is able to do all these tasks. In fact, efficient transferring large heterologous pathways into one single microorganism is quite challenging and leads to high metabolic burden and less productivity. SynBioLipid will combine my expertise in metabolic modelling and fermentation using mixed microbial communities with the host experience in synthetic biology. It is aimed at using Yarrowia lipolytica, as a model microorganism for microbial lipids production from lignocellulosic biomass by presenting an innovative and original strategy to overcome the challenges associated with expression of large heterologous pathways. I first will generate synthetic microbial consortia comprised specialist strains, and second, will use these communities for the optimized production of microbial lipids. Each specialist strain is engineered to deliver an optimum output for one or more specific tasks. The metabolic network modelling will be integrated with synthetic biology and metabolic engineering to design and build multifunctional synthetic consortia, enabling efficient lipid production from lignocellulose.

Mots clés : microbial lipids, microbial communities, synthetic consortia, yarrowia lipolytica, heterologous expression, metabolic engineering, metabolic model

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 337400.64 €
Projet GLYCODIS3 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Glycogen storage disease III (GSD III) is a rare (1:100,000) autosomal recessive disorder that results from the deficiency of the glycogen debranching enzyme (GDE). The major cause of morbidity is associated with the muscle accumulation of glycogen, which leads to progressive myopathy. A dietary treatment with frequent meals high in carbohydrates, slows the progression of the pathology that is however inevitable. There is no cure for GSD III, the recent development of a mouse model lacking GDE activity, which recapitulates the human condition, represents a unique opportunity to develop and test novel therapies for the disease. Here, we propose to perform a proof-of-concept study of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of GSD III. AAV gene therapy has been successfully used for the correction of several genetic diseases in animal models and humans. One of the main limitations of AAV vectors is that they cannot package vector genomes significantly larger than 5kb. Due to the length of the sequence of the GDE enzyme (4596 bp), we engineered a dual-vector system with a recombinogenic sequence to drive reconstitution of the full-length GDE sequence. In alternative to this strategy, we engineered also a truncated GDE that can fit in a single AAV. Because GSD III is both a liver and muscle diseases, and because the liver is involved in glycogen metabolism and, ultimately, in the supply of glucose to the muscle, we will test two main therapeutic strategies to treat GSD III, consisting of constitutive or liver-specific expression of the transgene. The rescue of the GDE enzyme deficiency will be carried out in vivo in a GDE KO mouse, and in vitro in human iPS cells-derived hepatocytes and myocites. We will generate fibroblast-derived iPS cells from GSD III patients and the pluripotent cells will be successively differentiated in hepatocytes and myocites.

Mots clés : gene therapy, glycogenosis type iii, neuromuscular disorders, liver, muscle, glycogen debranching enzyme, induced pluripotent stem cells, myocyte, hepatocyte, fibroblast

Participants :
- Généthon (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet GlobalPolicyUncertainty (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Government policies - fiscal, monetary, and regulatory - define the rules of the game for economic agents. However, uncertainty about policy changes may affect the economy adversely as it acts as an additional source of risk. In an interconnected world economy, policy uncertainty has spillover effects beyond national borders, and becomes a global source of risk. In this context, this project investigates the relationship between global policy uncertainty - the common driver of uncertainty across countries - and international financial markets. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, it is timely and relevant to deepen our understanding of these relationships. This may, in turn, inform the development of policies that minimize the adverse impacts of uncertainty, particularly in regions of high economic integration as the Euro zone. First, I assemble a multi-country panel dataset that combines measures of country-level policy uncertainty with a variety of financial instruments. I construct a new measure of global policy uncertainty and document its correlation with the term structure, volatility, and other characteristics of assets. Next, I develop a multi-country general equilibrium asset-pricing model in which unobserved government actions affect productivity. As a novel feature, I introduce asymmetric information: residents of a country have superior knowledge about their government's actions compared to foreigners. Global policy uncertainty arises from fundamental risks and information heterogeneity, and it is priced in equilibrium. I use the model to measure the importance of global and country-level uncertainty as asset pricing determinants, and to quantify the impact of uncertainty-reducing strategies such as increasing government transparency. The project links international finance, asset pricing, and macroeconomics, and contributes to an active literature on the consequences of policy uncertainty by exploring its international dimensions.

Mots clés : government policy uncertainty, international asset markets, asset pricing factors, spillovers, uncertainty shocks, sovereign bonds, stock markets, information frictions, learning, capital flows

Participants :
- Pompeu Fabra University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet CONJUGATION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Graphene has exceptional electron mobility, quantum Hall effect and ballistic charge carrier transport behavior. However, graphene lacks a band gap, the feature of any electronic structure that signifies its ability to control the flow of electrons. To overcome its limitation, semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDC), and Xeres, which include silicene, germanene and phosphorene have been recently developed. However, if not provided by nature, their synthesis involves high-energy procedures, such as chemical vapor deposition, epitaxial growth, and high pressure. The harsh experimental conditions preclude molecular design on demand. Moreover, it is highly challenging to gain TMDC with large lateral size and Xeres are not even stable in air, which complex their practical applications. Here we propose to develop a class of 2D conjugated supramolecular polymers using the concept of organic chemistry under ambient conditions, and the fabrication of 2D polymer and graphene heterostructures. The project comprises monomer synthesis, interfacial polymerization, processing, characterization and property investigation of produced 2D polymers, and their integration in prototype devices and performance evaluation. The multidisciplinary project aims at providing a very promising young fellow the highest level of training and experience needed to become an independent and leading scientist. The training-through-research offered within the project will broaden and diversify the experience of the fellow into complementary fields of graphene, materials processing and flexible electronics. Along with science, training in lecturing, student supervision, funding application, project management and workshop/conference organization will significantly improve the independence of the fellow, thus giving him the necessary tools to develop a successful and independent career.

Mots clés : conjugated polymer, graphene, heterostructure, photodetector, transistor

Participants :
- TU Dresden (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet GRAFLEX (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Graphene is a unique material with high potential for applications from high-tech to bio-tech. These capabilities are directly connected to graphene flexibility and electronic properties, as well as to the possibility of controlling them by chemical functionalization. Curvature related reactivity enhancement was shown, and curvature control has found several possible applications from H-storage and energy harvesting to biomed engineering. Thus, the control of graphene curvature is of high relevance. The aim of GRAFLEX is to investigate the process of curvature control by means of external electric- and electromagnetic fields (EMF), and the consequent curvature-dependent interaction with H, specifically focusing on the physis- to chemi-sorption reversible conversion. EMF in the range of THz will be chosen, since coherent graphene vibrations at those frequencies correspond to the traveling nano-sized ripples producing a local dynamical modulation of the curvature. To achieve this, we propose to use a state-of-the-art density functional (DF), DF perturbation, and trajectory based time dependent DF theories in combination with ab initio investigation of the kinetics and calculation of flexoelectricity response to the strain gradient in curved graphene. Conducting the proposed research after carrier break will help the proponent to resume research activities and to train in 1)using the most advanced theoretical methods to investigate properties in graphene/hydrogen system; 2)observe time-resolved information to exploit curvature control process. The complementarity expertise of researchers at NANO@NEST group of multi-scale simulations and proponent’s extensive experience trajectory based chemical dynamics, kinetics and quantum chemistry, together with attractive working conditions, guarantee the feasibility of this challenging project.The experience gained by the proponent within GRAFLEX will change her carrier path to attain an independent position in academia in Europe

Mots clés : curved and rippled graphene, flexoelectricity, hydrogen graphene interaction, density functional theory, ab initio molecular dynamics computer simulations

Participants :
- National Research Council (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet 2D Hetero-architecture (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Graphene – a single layer of carbon atoms – exhibits a unique combination of superior properties, which makes it a credible starting point for new disruptive technologies in a wide range of fields. However, the absence of an energy gap in its electronic band structure prevents at present its integration in digital logic devices. This research project will tackle the challenge by incorporating nanometer-size boron nitride or boron carbon nitride barriers in graphene domains. These lateral hetero-structures will be used as channel elements in field-effect transistors, whose electron transport properties will be evaluated by a combination of high- and low-temperature electrical measurements. The synthesis of the hetero-structures will be extensively investigated through optical, electronic, probe microscopy and spectroscopy analyses. This approach is designed to take a holistic view of the synthesis process, not only hunting for the highest apparent quality of the grown nano-structures, but also gaining an understanding of the underlying atomistic growth mechanism, so as to enble engineering of these structures.The project will advance European scientific competitiveness in the field of synthesis of 2D hetero-structures, currently a prerogative of a select few US groups, and will provide new platforms which might represent a viable option to obtain graphene-based transistors suitable for digital logic.The multidisciplinary aspect of the project will allow me as experienced researcher to gather knowledge in topics as different as synthesis of nanomaterials, electronic device manufacturing, and low-temperature electrical characterization. It will also allow me to re-integrate the European scientific network, after my postdoc experience in the US, forming a perfect basis of my goal of establishing an independent research group in a European university.

Mots clés : two dimensional crystals, chemical vapor deposition synthesis, field effect transistor, hetero structures

Participants :
- Technical University of Denmark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet NGUEC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Graphene, a single atom thick sheet of sp2-hybridized carbon, has recently attracted tremendous interest in both fundamental studies and potential applications due to its unique electronic, optical, mechanical and thermal properties. Despite these exceptional qualities however, some inherent characteristics of graphene itself preclude its widespread usage in technological applications. A prerequisite for the use of graphene in several low- as well as high-end applications is its controlled and reproducible functionalization in a nanostructured fashion, towards doping and band gap opening. Therefore, NGUEC aims to develop experimental protocols for controlled and reproducible functionalization and characterization of graphene in a nanostructured fashion by using chemisorption (covalent) strategies in combination with physisorption (non-covalent) approaches, relying on the power of electrochemical control. The efficiency of these approaches will be followed by combined cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical scanning tunnelling microscopy (EC-STM) and electrochemical Raman (EC-Raman). This is an interdisciplinary project centered at the interface between Supramolecular Chemistry, Electrochemistry, Materials Science and Nanoscience. The ultimate goal of the project is to allow the fellow to attain a position of professional independence at the forefront of future academic or industrial research efforts through a combination of hands-on experience in diverse research disciplines and training in complementary skills.

Mots clés : graphene functionalization, self assembly, covalent grafting, ec stm, ec raman

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €