Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet COPWOM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project looks at the political means employed by those who, for various reasons, resorted to protest during times of war in the period from the First World War to the Iraq War. In most cases, the challengers embraced alternative means of political articulation due to the established channels of political decision making being controlled by the supporters of the war in question. Case studies illuminate the manifestations of war-time protest in different wars including both the well-known and some of the "forgotten wars": First World War, Spanish Civil War, Second World War, Korean War, Vietnam War, Soviet War in Afghanistan, Falklands War, Kosovo War and Iraq War. The project pursues the objective to articulate the relationship between war and protest and to develop further the debate surrounding war as a channel of cultural, social and political change. It will advance research into the comparative dimension of war-time protest by embedding this investigation in an analytical framework focused on the methods and questions of historical enquiry into social movements, and to give further specificity to the debate on processes of politicisation and depoliticisation with particular focus on the variety of motivations that drove war-time protest beyond just pacifism. This analysis combines methods from the history of protest and social movements, the history of war, the history of political thought as well as film and visual studies. The project provides conceptual tools and evidence on the pre-history of present-day protests, e.g. against U.S. unilateralism in Iraq. Via a number of publications and engagement events, especially in conjunction with public film screenings, it will create impact by intervening in current debates about the repercussions of global warfare and by furthering public awareness of the crucial historical role of war-time protest in the European political heritage.

Mots clés : protest, social movements, violence, 20th century, 21st century, anti war film

Participants :
- Ruhr University Bochum (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 119595.6 €
Projet CNT-Nanostickers (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project proposal aims at developing a new manufacturing technology for processing nano-materials by combining emerging scientific insights in nanoparticle assembly with scalable production processes. Our goal is to establish the first scalable technology to make thin-films comprising densely packed aligned Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) of highest quality. These films will be fabricated by controlled wet deposition and transfer techniques, and used as a high-performance material for device fabrication. On the longer term, the same principles could be extended to the production of transparent conductors, sensors, and to variety of other applications. As a demonstrator, horizontal CNT-interconnects targeting a resistivity below 100μΩ•cm will be fabricated. At this value CNT become a viable alternative to Copper in Microelectronics. This disruptive push of CNT-interconnects into commercially competitive specifications will be enabled by: the superior quality of the CNTs used in the CNT-films, advances in their transferring, the skillset of the host-group in nanoparticle’s assembly and manufacturing processes and the 7-years expertise of the applicant in CNT-interconnects. The network of both participants in various European countries and the assistance of IMEC (Belgium), partner organization to this project, will facilitate the implementation of this research for enabling a true industrial impact on EU economy.

Mots clés : carbon nanotubes, interconnects

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet DiophGeo (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project proposes research with a view towards extensions of the Bogomolov conjecture beyond the original setting of abelian varieties. In the past decade, there have been some indications that this may be possible: (a) Masser and Zannier have proven "relative'' analogues of the Manin-Mumford conjecture in various families of abelian varieties, (b) DeMarco and Mavraki have shown a "relative'' analogue of the Bogomolov conjecture for sections in a fibered product of elliptic families, and (c) Ghioca, Nguyen, and Ye have proven a "dynamical'' Bogomolov conjecture for split rational maps. A prominent tool in almost all proofs of the Bogomolov conjecture are equidistribution techniques (i.e., Yuan's equidistribution theorem). However, there are two problems with this approach when it comes to "relative'' generalizations. First, the Néron-Tate local height in families of abelian varieties exhibits b-singularities nearby degenerate fibers, preventing a direct use of Yuan's theorem if the family has degenerate fibers. Recently, I have overcome these problems and proven a satisfactory analogue of the equidistribution conjecture in families of abelian varieties over a base curve. Part of the research proposed here is to generalize and exploit this result further. Second, equidistribution techniques usually fall short of "relative'' Bogomolov-type results -- in stark contrast to the case of abelian varieties. Similar problems arise in the "dynamical" setting, indicating a profound conceptional obstacle. For this reason, it is proposed here to adapt a method of David and Philippon, who gave an equidistribution-free direct proof of the Bogomolov conjecture for abelian varieties, to the relative setting. Such a method, if successful, should shed some light on an "ultimate'' Bogomolov conjecture encompassing virtually all the Bogomolov-type results known up to the present day.

Mots clés : diophantine geometry, abelian varieties, bogomolov conjecture, equidistribution, arakelov theory, arithmetic dynamics

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet OilandEmp (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project rethinks British imperialism in the early twentieth century Middle East. It places oil — its exploration, extraction, and the geopolitical implications of this — at the centre of analysis. This period witnessed a major energy transition, the shift from coal to oil, and the dawn of a new energy regime in the world. Oil products became increasingly essential for military-industrial transformation. Access to oilfields became imperative for European imperial states and this desire for oil concessions made the Middle East a new object of interventionism and a new site of imperial competitions. This project argues that British state and business interests were at the forefront of this new coercive interventionism in the Middle East which I term “oil imperialism”: how oil competition fostered new bids for domination over space and people in the region. For Britain, these dynamics amounted to a new experience of empire, with a rising generation of imperialists identifying oil companies as their best agents for a revised and profitable form of “informal” empire, and seeing the Middle East as vast untapped realm for exploitation, notably of mineral resources, and with petroleum products in the vanguard. British “oil imperialism” had unprecedented social, spatial and environmental consequences. It shaped Middle East borders, created new labour forces, transformed landscapes, polluted sensitive environments and enforced the settlement of nomadic tribes. Horizon 2020 lists “Climate Action, Environment, Resource Efficiency and Raw Materials” among societal challenges that are major concerns for citizens in Europe. By understanding the genesis and early history of Europe’s quest for oil in the Middle East, this project will deepen scholarly knowledge regarding the relationship between energy, geopolitics and history. More specifically, his project highlights the postcolonial legacies of a century of European oil imperialism in the Middle East.

Mots clés : british empire, middle east, tribes, environment, oil economy, oil companies, global commodity, european empires

Participants :
- University of Warwick (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet WARCAP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project seeks to contribute to understanding the impact of warfare on the expansion of fiscal capacity in the long nineteenth century (1789-1913) in Europe and Latin America. The relationship between late-modern warfare and fiscal institutions has been a contested issue. Even though wars may exert a negative short-time impact on public revenues due to the physical destruction that they cause, several authors have suggested that over the long run they may promote fiscal innovations that improve the government’s capacity to collect taxes. However, our knowledge about state-making and the rise of fiscal capacity in late modern times is still insufficient. To begin with, much more emphasis should be placed in the effects exerted by limited and civil wars. Unlike mass warfare, limited and civil wars do not necessarily trigger the social and political changes associated to permanent increases of public revenues. Secondly, the interaction between warfare and economic and political factors still remains open to question. In order to address these unresolved issues, the project aims at making use of a mixed-methods approach that brings together quantitative and qualitative techniques. Firstly, I seek to conduct statistical analyses of large N-samples by means of collecting new long-term annual series of public revenues and expenditure. While the lack of data has been an unavoidable setback for previous analyses, recent new datasets are closing this gap (including the one that I elaborated during my PhD program, as well the databases elaborated by members of the STANCE project at Lund University). Secondly, I seek to narrow down the analysis to focus on several case studies in Europe and Latin America. The qualitative analysis of these specific case studies will help the research project to assess the plausibility of the previous statistical results and to explore more in depth the micro-foundations of these relationships.

Mots clés : fiscal capacity, state making, warfare, nineteenth century

Participants :
- Lund University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173857.2 €
Projet NeOtStraTurkBalk (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project seeks to find out how foreign assistance in the fields of culture, religious revival and education change regions ravaged by inter-ethnic violence and state breakdown, and how such foreign assistance is perceived locally. My case study is the assistance provided from the Turkish Republic to Bosnia-Herzegovina, and local responses to it. The empirical research will focus on Turkish aid in the areas of higher education, religious studies, and the rebuilding of Ottoman-era monuments. This project sets the analysis of the impact of Turkish aid in the Balkans in the context of the revival of the concept and debates on Neo-Ottomanism in the region and globally. The analysis poses following questions: How do the interpretations of the historical legacy of the Ottoman Empire in the post-Yugoslav region correspond with actual policies of aid that the Republic of Turkey provides as a major donor, especially for post-war reconstruction projects in Bosnia-Herzegovina? What sort of changes in the political and popular culture in the beneficiary country can we observe as a result of Turkish aid in the areas of culture, higher education and religious education, according to local responses in Bosnia-Herzegovina? What is the interaction between the fears of Neo-Ottomanism as an alleged expansionist and ‘Islamization’ program of Turkey in the Balkans and the anti-Turkish, anti-Muslim discourses as a recent characteristic of the populist rhetoric in several European Union states?

Mots clés : neo ottomanism, bosnia herzegovina, turkey, foreign aid, religion and ethnic relations, education, post war reconstruction

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet ESOMAVOD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop a new, highly enantioselective, state-of-the-art synthetic route to madangamine alkaloids B, C and E based on a novel organocatalytic desymmetrization reaction as a key step, which will allow the rapid and efficient construction of the AC rings ready for subsequent advancement to the majority of the family members. Evaluation of the anti-cancer biological activity of the different madangamines and late stage intermediates will be carried out. This Fellowship project combines total synthesis, new asymmetric methodology development via organocatalysis and biological evaluation. This multidisciplinary Fellowship, based on high-quality and novel research at the University of Oxford, one of the top-research centres worldwide, has been designed to augment and complement Dr Vasu’s skills and knowledge to improve his career possibilities and, at the same time, Dr Vasu’s experience in new methodology development and catalysed transformations will be advantageous to the design of the organocatalyst in the key step of the synthesis. The Fellowship will also be useful to establish new collaboration opportunities for the Dixon group. Through the training and the research results arising, the Fellowship will be beneficial to the fellow, the host institution and European science.

Mots clés : organic synthesis, catalysis, desymmetrization, total synthesis, enantioselective reactions

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet RULE-THERM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

This project will develop a novel thermometer based for intracellular temperature sensing application. Success will bring real-time high-resolution probing and imaging of temperature within living cells to the research community; this can promote novel insight about the pathology and, in turn, help establish a powerful tool in terms of its potential to support early diagnoses and therapies in a broad range of disease areas. In this respect the RULE-THERM project aims to contribute a foundational development of a technology with potentially wide applicability. The project brings together a talented young Fellow with a strong nano-science background and an internationally growing group of researchers at Aston University with expertise in diamond-based materials, which offer excellent biocompatibility and thus have a great potential for cellular interface.

Mots clés : up conversion luminescence, cellular probe, intracellular sensing, nanodiamonds

Participants :
- Aston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet NuMagLongRx (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop computational tools that are critical in pushing forward the science of long-lived states (LLS) and their utilization as magnetic resonance beacons (MRB). The MRB support hyperpolarized nuclear spin order for long times (from few minutes to hours) and can generate enormously enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals under a specific biochemical or physicochemical stimulus. Presently, no method exists to reliably predict the LLS lifetimes and the molecules that can function as MRB have been found based only on an educated guess. An algorithm that accurately predicts LLS lifetimes will allow the design of MRB with a specific purpose, and to extend the present record of LLS lifetime to the scale of many hours. The latter will allow MRB to be hyperpolarized in a remote site and transported to the place of use for spectroscopic and imaging investigations. The computational tools will be disseminated as a free-to-use software package, supported by documentation, workshops, instructional videos, social media posts, and online examples. The package is developed with special attention given to the fact that most of the users will not be experts in computational sciences or theoretical chemistry. The software combines molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculations in multiscale to produce propagators of the magnetization dynamics. Also, new electronic structure method will be developed to allow the inclusion of all relevant interaction mechanisms. It will include analysis tools to determine the processes and interaction mechanisms that govern LLS relaxation. The software will be experimentally optimized and applied to design MRB that are able to sustain extended LLS lifetimes.

Mots clés : nuclear magnetic resonance, long lived states, singlet states, hyperpolarization, relaxation

Participants :
- University of Southampton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet RAPTOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will enhance the capabilities of the laser spectroscopy programme at the Ion Guide Separator Online (IGISOL) and will culminate in a measurement of the spins, electromagnetic moments and changes in mean-squared charge radii of 108-120Pd. During the project, the experienced researcher will design, construct and commission a Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (CRIS) beamline specifically tailored to this goal. Key new developments will be a novel ion beam neutralizer and the ability to tune the energy of the ion beam in order to optimize the total experimental efficiency and resolution. All this will be realized with a significantly reduced footprint as compared to conventional collinear laser spectroscopy beamlines. The new technique will first be tested with radioactive beams of silver, after which measurements on beams of radioactive palladium will be performed. These measurements will demonstrate significant improvements to the sensitivity of the high-resolution laser spectroscopy programme at the IGISOL. This Marie Curie project is proposed as the first step towards a long-term goal of coupling of a CRIS beamline to the existing double-Penning trap. This would provide significant advantages to both the CRIS and the Penning trap measurements. Upon completion, the RIS And Purification Traps for Optimised spectRoscopy (RAPTOR) project will thus have demonstrated a considerable expansion of the capabilities of the IGISOL laboratory, and will open up future avenues of research that can be pursued in the coming years or decades.

Mots clés : electromagnetic moments, charge radii, exotic nuclei, high resolution laser spectroscopy, resonance ionization spectroscopy, beam purification methods, ion beam manipulation, technique development

Participants :
- University of Jyväskylä (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 190680.96 €
Projet Selfish discourse (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project focuses on underspecification, i.e. the imprecise use of words to express meanings which are not fully encoded in the semantics of the words themselves but which rely on common ground and other linguistic cues to be interpreted. I address in particular how underspecification explains the variable use of three French discourse markers and their English equivalents, namely "et" / "and", "mais" / "but" and "donc" / "so". This project seeks to establish the contextual and cognitive constraints to the production and interpretation of underspecified discourse markers by (i) analyzing their distribution and cooccurrence patterns in spoken, written and computer-mediated English and French and (ii) experimentally assessing their impact on discourse processing. This research thus combines corpus-based and experimental methods, as advocated by cognitivists. According to the selfish hypothesis, underspecification is a failure of recipient design and is thus expected to be more frequent in unplanned speech and computer-mediated writing, where speakers/writers are under higher cognitive pressure than in planned speech/writing. Furthermore, this project intends to show that register-sensitive patterns of co-occurrence constitute compensatory strategies designed to minimize the potentially detrimental effect of underspecification in processing complexity. Register and cooccurrence patterns are thus considered as windows onto underlying cognitive mechanisms of interpretation. SELFISH DISCOURSE will elucidate the relationship between a discourse marker and its co(n)text, teasing out their respective semantic-pragmatic contributions to the construal of senses and coming to terms with the theoretical overlap between polysemy, multifunctionality and underspecification. By combining corpus-based and experimental methods, this project contributes to a growing trend of linguistic research and fills a gap on the cross-modal study of underspecified discourse markers.

Mots clés : discourse markers, corpus annotation, semantic underspecification, discourse comprehension, register variation

Participants :
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €