Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet Sounding Crisis (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the face of climate crisis, my project researches the concept of ‘Sonic Agency’ within climate change discourse as an alternative knowledge of ‘energies’. In contrast to the concept of ‘energy’ in sources and systems of fuel and power generation, I understand ‘energies’ as ‘multi-faceted and interrelated phenomena that emit sound and can be listened to in productive ways’. ‘Sonic agency’ is defined as ‘acoustic as well as electronically amplified and transmitted sounds as levers to the senses and creators of potential change’. This anthropological notion of sound encompasses both the sound practices of Indigenous peoples addressing environmental issues as well as urban climate activism and its sound practices across all the sites in which it may be present, such as classical media reports, the a/v in social media, music and street protests, artistic expressions and new techniques and practices. The aim is to unveil the continuities and variations of different forms of ‘sonic agency’. The project is innovative in its understanding of ‘sound’ as an analytical point of access to the complex concept of ‘energies’. It understands sound itself as energies in three ways: (1) Sound waves as mechanical energy, (2) sound practices of urban climate activists as articulations of the so-called ‘energy unconscious’ and (3) as urban examples of the Indigenous’ notion of ‘energy intimacy’. The project will have a synchronic and diachronic perspective, as it also will refer to historic protest movements and the role of ‘sonic agency’ within them. Thus, it aims to provide new insights for enhancing the terminology, methods and theories of Sound Studies and for re-thinking the Western concept of ‘energy’. It combines in an innovative way the two novel approaches of Anthropology of Sound and Sound & Energy Studies to further elaborate the concept of ‘Sonic Agency’ and therefore contributes to the emerging field of Energy Humanities.

Mots clés : sonic agency, sound studies, energy humanities, environmental humanities, climate activism, indigenous studies, fridays for future, extinction rebellion, sound of protest, anthropocene, climate change

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet PIC2D (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the framework of Internet of Things (IoTs), sensors able to monitor biochemical compounds are extremely important. Electrochemical sensors (ECSs) are the most promising tools to provide analytical information. Current challenge of ECS is the fabrication requirement changing from traditional rigid and planar substrates to flexible/wearable substrates for integrated portable devices, as well as the electrochemical reactor shift from conventional three electrodes to micro-fluidic system in order to make sensors smaller. Inkjet printing is a cost-effectiveness technology to create micro-ECS on versatile substrates with noncontact and precisely patterning. Despite various advantages of this technique, challenges remain in the development of printable ink formulations with suitable properties for target devices. Two dimensional (2D) materials are attracting increasing interest because of their maximally exposed active sites and small diffusion paths within ultrathin nanosheets, which effectively facilitate charge transfer in the electrochemical sensing activities. 1T phase transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and conductive layered Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have been demonstrated to have distinct electrochemical and electronic properties, while they have not yet received attentions for use in printed devices. The various metal sites, diverse structure and tuneable nature of these materials have great potential for high selective and sensitive monitor. This project aims at developing printable ink formulations based on 1T TMDs and conductive 2D MOFs to fabricate micro-electrochemical sensors on flexible substrates for biometric parameters determination. Highly selective, efficient and low cost devices are supposed to be achieved. This research ranges from material development and device fabrication to proof-of-concept applications, hence the results are expected to raise strong interest from both research community and industry.

Mots clés : electrochemical sensor, conductive 2d materials beyond graphene, metal organic framework, inkjet printing technology, ink development, transition metal dichalcogenides, flexible substrates

Participants :
- University of Manchester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet PHOTO-BORAD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last decade photoredox reactions have emerged as tremendously versatile processes for organic synthesis, enabling reactive radical species to be generated at specific positions in an organic molecule under very mild conditions (visible-light irradiation). Over the same decade the host group have developed a suite of transformations exploiting the fundamental chemistry of boron, many of which involve 1,2-metallate rearrangement of boronate complexes. We now seek to merge these two major pillars of synthetic methodology, which are currently unconnected, to create a new field which we believe has significant potential for organic synthesis. We propose to react electrophilic radicals generated through photoredox catalysis with vinyl boronate complexes. Oxidation of the resulting intermediate radical during the photoredox cycle will trigger 1,2-alkyl migration, creating new C-C and C-B bonds. 1,2-Metallate rearrangements normally employ leaving groups adjacent to boron but here we are proposing to oxidise a radical adjacent to a boronate to achieve the same transformation, a process that has not been previously reported. 1,2-Metallate rearrangements are stereospecific, and this will be exploited in the creation of enantioenriched products starting from readily available chiral boronic esters. The scope of the process will be carefully investigated, and mechanistic studies will be carried out using advanced physical/chemical methods, thereby laying solid foundations for the development of this new field. By combining two major fields of endeavour, novel chemistry will emerge with new structures harbouring novel properties for exploitation. Furthermore this project will enable significant knowledge transfer between host and researcher, while forging new academic network links within the scientific community.

Mots clés : photoredox, boron chemistry, metallate, rearrangement, alkyl shift, radical chemistry

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SF-magnetic-stars (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last decades, X-ray astronomy provided a wealth of information on the neutron star thermal history, surface temperature distribution, surface magnetic field strength, outburst and flaring activity. It has been recently shown, that many of these different observational properties are deeply influenced by the evolution of the magnetic field and temperature in the neutron star interior. Our understanding of the magnetic field evolution is however still incomplete, as these 2D numerical simulations completely neglect the field evolution in the core. This project will study the magneto-thermal evolution of neutron stars with magnetic fields treading both the core and the crust, incorporating in a consistent way the effects of ambipolar diffusion and superfluidity/superconductivity. This research will explore also models where superconductivity is limited in shells, which are confined in the outer core. They are expected when the core's magnetic field is so strong, above 10^{16} Gauss, to destroy superconductivity. The magneto-thermal evolution will be studied by using 2D numerical simulations, which solve simultaneously the induction equation and the heat transfer equation. The complex magnetic field which results from the magneto-thermal evolution may describe the configuration expected in a flaring magnetar, where quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) have been observed. This project will study the QPOs of these complex magnetic field configurations, by using perturbation methods. We will develop a computational framework to determine the properties of seismic vibrations on magnetar's models with any magnetic field topology. The results of this research project and the combined information available from thermal history and magnetar QPOs will be used to determine, by using independent astrophysical observations and dynamical processes, the physical properties of highly magnetized neutron stars as well as to shed light into the equation of state of dense matter.

Mots clés : neutron stars, x ray observations, neutron star cooling, magnetic field and thermal evolutions, magnetar qpos, numerical methods, superconductivity

Participants :
- University of Alicante (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet CHNIEQ (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last four decades, China, has experienced exceptional economic growth; its share of global GDP has increased from less than 4% in 1978 to about 20% in 2015. This record growth has moved China from a relatively poor, underdeveloped country to the world’s leading emerging economy. However, due to the lack of national balance sheet data and individual income tax records, relatively little is known about the evolution of income and wealth distribution within China. We know little about how much different sectors or income classes have benefited from China’s growth, as well as the mechanisms driving the inequality trend. Combining national accounts, survey, wealth and fiscal data, this proposed research project aims to address this gaps in literature by: i) providing consistent series on the accumulation and distribution of income and wealth in China in both national and provincial level over the period of 1978-2015, and ii) investigate the potential mechanisms driving the inequality trend. In particular, I will carefully examine three important yet understudied channels which drive the inequality trends in China and its neighboring emerging countries since 1978, namely; privatization, the rising capital share in total income, and the openness of economies to trade and foreign direct investment. This research project follows the literature concerning the long-run evolution of the distribution of income and wealth. In order to be able to compare findings for China with existing inequality studies for other countries, I will build a harmonized framework following the Distributional National Accounts (DINA) guidelines for analyzing aggregated national wealth and inequality. Through four related studies, this proposed project will provide insights into a fundamental question - how can economic growth and inequality be reconciled? The answer for this question could then be used as a reference for any country searching for a better economic development model.

Mots clés : income inequality, wealth accumulation, privatization, capital income, openness, inequality drivers

Participants :
- École d'économie de Paris (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet ConAQuMe (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last years the novel, potentially revolutionary, possibilities offered by quantum mechanical systems have been deeply explored giving rise to a whole spectrum of Quantum Technologies, which are expected to have a big impact on the everyday life of future generations. Quantum metrology represents one of the most promising of these second generation quantum technologies: its aim is to exploit quantum mechanics to perform ultra-precise measurement not achievable by means of classical approaches. Yet, a major obstacle still stands in the way of their full exploitation: preserving quantum coherence, the necessary ingredient for quantum protocols to outperform their classical counterparts, is a very difficult task. As it happens in ``classical technologies'', where the effect of noise is neutralized by monitoring and controlling the signal and its environment, quantum control is going to play a fundamental role for the development of noise-resilient protocols based on quantum mechanics. The main goal of this fellowship is to develop a more general framework for noisy quantum metrology, encompassing quantum control techniques based on time-continuous measurements and real-time feedback, and considering more general non-Markovian noisy evolutions. Beside answering fundamental questions, we will also design protocols for specific physical systems, with a particular attention for quantum opto-mechanical setups.

Mots clés : quantum information, quantum metrology, quantum optics, quantum control

Participants :
- University of Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet NONORMOPERA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the late 1970s, North-American musicology inaugurated the exploration of the ways in which gender and sexuality affect musical expression. Since the development of queer theory in the early 1990s, a new orientation has manifested in musicological research. Musicology that integrates queer theory – most briefly defined as ‘Queer musicology’ – considers music the site for the confrontation between heteronormative dominant culture and the composer’s non-normative gender identity, who questions social prejudices on grounds of sexual and gender diversity through his art. Research in this recent trend is very productive in North-America, but it has developed less in Europe. Despite the flourishing of this field in small-scale studies across many genres, there are yet few book-length studies of coherent repertoire. The project is unique in queer musicology in its focus on opera. By comparatively investigating eight operas premiered between 1945 and 2000 by gay composers of various ages, nationalities, educational backgrounds and musical styles, it will shed light on the expressive strategies employed by authors to represent sexual and gender non-normativity. The overall objective will be reached through the developing of three specific objectives: I) to relate the representation of sexual and gender non-normativity to the self-perception of his non-normative identity by the author, on the one hand, and to the perception of sexual and gender non-normativity by the socio-historical context where the opera was composed on the other; II) to identify the aspects of the libretto that refer to sexual and gender non-normativity; III) to identify the musical elements that contribute to the expression of sexual and gender non-normativity. Through the inquiry into how gay composers use operatic genre to explore non-normative genders and sexualities, the project will highlight how music can relate experiences of marginalisation and challenge discriminatory prejudices.

Mots clés : twentieth century opera, queer musicology, gay composers, francis poulenc, samuel barber, hans werner henze, michael tippett, sylvano bussotti, gian carlo menotti, thomas ad s, peter maxwell davies

Participants :
- McGill University (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 255768.0 €
Projet NanoSurf (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the next 50 years, an estimated 10 billion people will require food but microbial spoilage cause more than 50% of all fruits and vegetables to go to waste in the EU alone. Current disinfection techniques do not seem effective to curb food wastage and at this rate, feeding the future world population will impose challenges. Thus, the overall objective of NanoSurf is to develop a procedure for the decontamination and disinfection of food products and food contact materials using a combination of (1) plasma, (2) ultrasound and (3) nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties. All three individual technologies emerge as effective in disinfecting, decontaminating and preserving food from microbial spoilage. However, based to our knowledge, the integration of plasma, ultrasound and nanoparticles into one technology has never been described for decontamination/disinfection applications. A two step-procedure is envisioned with (a) an initial decontamination with plasma and/or ultrasound technology and then (b) under these conditions generate in situ a low concentration of antimicrobial metallic nanoparticles to deter microbial growth during storage conditions. The method will make use of either pure water as solvent or a gaseous phase, thus eliminating the need of environmentally toxic media, such as, alcohol and electroconductive additives. NanoSurf is expected to have numerous advantages over traditional decontamination/disinfection technologies because the synthesis of nanomaterials Nps will be produced in-situ. The advantage of the proposed technological solution is the ease of implementation, the selection of varied technological schemes for plasma-ultrasound treatment as well as the synthesis of nanoscale metal oxide forms by non-toxic doses in various proportions for different processing times. This novel technology, as demonstrated based on the development of novel prototypes, is expected to find immediate application in the food industry and the medical field.

Mots clés : microbiology, plasma, ultrasound, nanoparticles, biotic and abiotic surfaces, nanotechnology

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178320.0 €
Projet TWODPS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the past decade, biosensors have provided an effective way for the physical and chemical science to improve the quality of the life in the modern society. The biosensors are usually based on systems that can detect electronic or optical signals in terms of the concentrations of biological molecules. Thus, it allows the monitoring of molecular interactions from the signal change. Useful applications so far include DNA analysis, glucose concentration test in human blood, sensing of toxins in the water, food and atmosphere. Current challenges for the biosensors are to improve their detection sensitivity and efficiency while with reduced size and operation cost. My research aims to achieve simple, fast and sensitive detection through label-free biosensing technology. For this aim, I will develop a novel plasmonic sensor based on optimized 2D nanostructures with magneto-optic materials for achieving ultra-high sensitivity for the hard-to-identify small biomolecules and explore new physics on the magneto-plasmonic effects generated by the coupling between the 2D nanomaterials and gold/magnetic materials metasurfaces. Miniaturization for commercially portable products embedding those highly sensitive nanostructures will be studied. The proposed research will significantly improve my knowledge in exploiting the optical/magnetic properties of novel plasmonic nanomaterials for enhanced light matter interactions. This project will play a pivotal role for my personal development as an independent researcher and provide me with the unique opportunity to work with experts in the field of materials, electromagnetics and sensing. I will benefit from ideas and inputs from renowned researchers from various scientific disciplines to compliment my background. Moreover, I aim to deliver the related research works though a series of seminars and lectures to present the importance and relevance of utilizing novel nanostructures for sensor development.

Mots clés : plasmonics, nanophotonics, magneto plasmonics, optical sensors, 2d materials, metasurfaces

Participants :
- Université de Limoges (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet PASS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the past two years the European Union has seen an enormous influx of migration. More than 1 million people arrived by boats in 2015 and more than 230,000 people in the first six months of 2016. PASS aims to assess the complicated field of discourses and practices of regulating migration flows into the EU, focusing on its socio-spatial impact since 2013, when the last Dublin II Regulation was promulgated (No. 604/2013). On the one hand, the project analyses the very complex stratification of geographical spaces and procedures shaped by the EU and by different national legislation. On the other hand, the research also explores the interaction between the policies and procedures plan and experiences of migrants themselves, often characterized by tensions, resistance and clashes. After a preliminary analysis of EU immigration and asylum law, the project examines the cases of Italy and of the Netherlands. Italy is one of the countries which has seen the highest number of migrants arriving and from where 39,600 asylum applicants are to be relocated under the two EU Council Decisions on relocation to other Member States under a quota system. In the period between 2015 and 2017 about 2.150 refugees are to be relocated from Italy to the Netherlands (European Commission, COM(2016) 165). The project uses a dual perspective: 1. A top-down perspective, involved in the analysis of the European, Italian and Dutch immigration policies; 2. A bottom-up perspective, embedded in the migration experience and focused on the migrants' agentivity. The final goal of PASS is to elaborate empirical data in order to build more human rights oriented policies. PASS intends also to provide an appropriate political response to the needs expressed by the migrants and to combat misconceptions about them through disseminating its results, as requested by the European Commission (Understanding and Tackling the Migration Challenge: The Role of Research, 4-5 February 2016).

Mots clés : migration, european policies, relocation, informal settlements, border, italy, the netherlands

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €