Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet JBinBA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will put a spotlight on joint bodies (JBs), which refers to common institutions set up between the European Union (EU) and third countries through their bilateral agreements. They bring together representatives from the EU (Commission and/or Council) and the third country to oversee implementation. Beyond the ability to discuss common problems and issue recommendations, they are sometimes even empowered to amend the agreement or adopt binding decisions, which raises concerns about their democratic legitimacy. Although the number of JBs run into the hundreds and their decision-making powers attract increasing attention, our knowledge about them is limited. This project would help to significantly narrow this discrepancy. The objective of this project is to explain Commission discretion in these bodies. We draw on principal–agent theory to highlight that, in designing international institutions, states rationally weigh expected benefits of delegation against expected costs. We argue that the size of agency losses is determined by whether agreements are concluded in an area of high politics, the need for policy expertise, the duration of an agreement, and the underlying decision rule among principals. In terms of third-country characteristics, we theorize that size and regime type (democracy) play a role in states’ determination of agency losses. To test these expectations, we will first generate an original dataset mapping JBs across ca. 550 bilateral agreements and primarily use regression analyses, albeit with some qualitative evidence from interviews to corroborate the causal mechanisms. Second, we will use stratified random sampling to conduct a survey among at least 100 Commission officials active in JBs and interpret the data employing both quantitative and qualitative methods. This project will be empirically innovative, theoretically informed, and methodologically rigorous and produce findings relevant for scholars, policy makers, and citizens.

Mots clés : rational design of international institutions, principal agent  pa  theory, commission discretion

Participants :
- University of Salzburg (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 186167.04 €
Projet AWAKE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project will study the rise of far right parties and movements in Poland and Denmark. First, I will investigate the extent to which the far right’s growing support stems from some individuals adopting far right-wing ideologies (the making of new supporters), and from existing sympathizers becoming active in their support (the awakening of existing supporters). To do this, I will conduct in-depth interviews with far right supporters who voted for a far right party, whether right-wing populist or radical right, in either 2015, 2019, or both. An analysis of the informants’ life histories—specifically how their perceptions, values and behaviours fit into broader socio-political contexts—will improve contemporary understandings of the nature and causes of growing far right support. Second, I will examine how religion, gender and political opportunity structures contribute to the making or awakening of far right supporters. Specifically, by comparing the life histories, perceptions, values, and behaviour of far right supporters in two disparate settings—Denmark and Poland—I will examine how (1) the degree of national secularism/religiosity, and the structure of religious institutions to which religious supporters belong, (2) the strength of left-wing political alternatives, and the position of far right parties (majority/minority) in government, and (3) hegemonic conceptions of gender roles and norms, shape why and how far right supporters come to adopt far right ideologies, and why and when they choose to act on those ideals. Third, this project will provide important new evidence about the growth of far right support in a Central-Eastern European context, which has remained relatively understudied despite a significant rise of the far right.


Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 219312.0 €
Projet INTERWOVEN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will uncover how collecting practices reflected and informed wider discourses about the study of textiles in Britain and Spain’s national museums and institutes, by tracing specific textiles before and after their acquisition. Whilst fashion and textile studies are now recognised fields of academic research, we still know little about the role of museums in helping to facilitate this change. Cabrera will build on her extensive research to date at the National Museum of Decorative Arts (MNAD), to undertake new comparative studies of UK and Spanish approaches to the study of textiles. This will be achieved via case studies of some of the Victoria and Albert Museum’s (V&A) earliest acquisitions, which have direct connections with Spain. The project will focus on the period 1852-1951, during which many key national museums were born. It will assess the collections and impact of the V&A, which was the model for the MNAD. The V&A will undertake a major redevelopment of its Textile and Fashion Galleries commencing after 2017, which makes re-examination of its historic collections very timely. Cabrera will study textiles held at the V&A from a multidisciplinary perspective, to develop specific object histories and shed light on the formation of European museums and the use of their objects by the creative industries. Case studies will employ approaches from art and design history and engage with new ideas about the transfer of technologies, including the characterisation of raw materials and analysis of fabrics. Key sources will include unpublished archival files, reports and photographs, object labels and the textiles themselves. Cabrera’s training programme would develop her expertise through sustained engagement with museum collections and curatorial and research staff, working across a range of contexts and disciplines. As well as scholarly outcomes, wide public dissemination of the research will be achieved via online blogposts and catalogue entries.

Mots clés : history of museums, material culture, comparative research, textiles raw materials, textile techniques, history and taxonomy of collecting

Participants :
- Victoria and Albert Museum (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet AdoDigitFamX (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will use a trans-disciplinary framework of social and developmental psychology and media and communications and the innovative methods of the First Person Perspective and Digital Ethnography to address existing gaps in research into the use of Information Communication Technologies, child development and family communication. Commenting upon research in the field, the recent report www.eukidsonline noted a prevalence of studies based on quantitative methods and a neglect of focus on mobile, convergent and emerging technologies. It also identified a persistent focus on risks and harm rather than opportunities and benefits and the lack of information on the role of adults, safety mediation and their effectiveness. This project fills these gaps by: (1) capturing the actual practices of adolescents with ICTs; (2) understanding how ICTs, family communication and parenting mutually shape one another; (3) exploring the opportunities and risks of ICTs for family and child development and the role of parents as safety mediators. A minimum of ten families with at least one adolescent child aged 13-16 will be recruited through Italian secondary schools to participate in the research which will involve data gathering via micro cameras (subcams) and video-interviews. Our innovative methods will provide new knowledge on: parents’ and adolescents’ individual and interpersonal practices in relation to ICTs; the goals, motives, representations and emotions underlying these practices and ICTs mediation processes in everyday family life. The implications of ICTs use for families and children’s health will also be considered. The results will be disseminated to socio-educational and clinical agencies, policy makers, and the general public. The fellowship will be hosted by the Department of Social Psychology at the London School of Economics and Political Science, a pioneer in Digital Ethnography and co-supervised by the Department of Media and Communications.

Mots clés : information and communications technologies  icts, family relations, adolescence, digital ethnography, communication processes, everyday life, video, qualitative research

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MADAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This projects aims to develop numerical algorithms for designing the new generation of advanced materials: Metamaterials. Their impressive properties (one of the lightest, stiffest and strongest materials available today) arise from their non intuitive topologies. Due to the additive manufacturing (AM) revolution or 3D-printing techniques, we are at the right moment where these complex topologies are now possible to be created. However, additive manufacturing has its own manufacturability constraints. Although several advances have been developed in the last years, most of these new advanced materials, specially mechanical metamaterials, have been designed with considering no manufacturability constraints, i.e., are just theoretically design. Even more worrying, when manufacturability is possible, they show severe symptoms of fragility or limited resistance. MADAM project seeks to solve these limitations incorporating manufacturability and resistance properties in the process of material design (MAD). The specific objectives are: 1) Develop numerical algorithms to solve the MAD problem when considering AM constraints. 2) Develop numerical algorithms to solve the MAD problem when considering stress constraints. 3) Develop second order optimization algorithms to efficiently solve the MAD problem. The project is throughly designed for maximizing training and transfer of knowledge to the host. Risk and project management, IPR and Communication activities are also meticulously designed. Additionally, MADAM will be connected with the enormous multi-partner AM Sofia consortium (Michelin, EADS) by disseminating and attending (confirmed) to monthly industrial meetings. My supervisor’s experience, the full assistance of his group, CMAP scientific knowledge and Ecole Polytechnique resources are the perfect instruments for developing the MADAM project.

Mots clés : shape optimization, topology optimization, material design, additive manufacturing, computational mechanics

Participants :
- École polytechnique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet HumRobManip (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal addresses robotic manipulation planning for human-robot collaboration during manufacturing. My objective is to develop a planning framework which will enable a team of robots to grasp, move and position manufacturing parts (e.g. planks of wood) such that a human can execute sequential forceful manufacturing operations (e.g. drilling, cutting) to build a product (e.g. a wooden table). The overall objective is divided into three components: First, I will develop a planning algorithm which, given the description of a manufacturing task, plans the actions of all robots in a human-robot team to perform the task. Second, I will develop probabilistic models of human interaction to be used by the planner. This model will include (i) an action model that assigns probabilities to different manufacturing operations (e.g. drilling a hole vs. cutting a piece off) as the next actions the human intends to do; (ii) a geometric model that assigns probabilities to human body postures; and (iii) a force model that assigns probabilities to force vectors as the predicted operational forces. Third, I will build a real robotic system to perform experiments and test my algorithm's capabilities. This system will consist of at least three robot manipulators. This fellowship will enable me to add a completely new human dimension to my planning research. I will work with Prof. Tony Cohn (supervisor) who is a world-leading expert in human activity recognition and prediction - a critical skill for the human-robot collaboration problem I intend to solve. From him and his group, I will receive training on tracking/predicting human posture and recognizing/predicting human activities using vision and point-cloud data. I will then integrate these tracking and prediction methods into a robotic planning framework to enable human-robot collaborative operations. This fellowship will help me to attain a permanent academic position and to become a leading researcher in robotic manipulation.

Mots clés : robotic manipulation planning, human robot interaction, multi robot planning

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet ACTAN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal addresses the automatic control of anaesthesia and the objective of developing an efficient and robust solution to increase patient safety and reduce post-operative complications. Automatic anaesthesia control is seen as one of the most important ways of achieving this goal. The control system should be able to provide significant benefits such as reducing the anaesthesiologist’s workload, limiting the influence of the human factor and minimizing the amount of drugs used. In this context, patient safety will be improved thus tackling both a severe public health problem and the significant economic burden on limited health resources. This project will use a novel event-based model predictive control approach for the anaesthesia process, addressing the key questions of efficient drug use, robustness regarding inter/intra-patient variability as well as considering its implementation and evaluation on real patients. The proposed approach has many advantages that can be useful in clinical practice such as adapting the actuation rate to the state of the patient, thanks to its predictive capabilities and event-based approach. The main objective is to develop new control approaches and optimize their performance in order to meet clinical requirements. Through the presented research, it will be possible to push the theoretical developments to the next stage, making them valuable milestones in the extensive implementation of automatic control techniques in the anaesthesia process. Moreover, an automatic control system can limit the influence of the human factor and provide a more unified solution for the anaesthesia process based on novel approaches. Activities developed under this proposal provide a unique opportunity to improve the quality of life of EU citizens and to reinforce the EU position as a central player in the global context through the high quality innovative multidisciplinary research.


Participants :
- University of Brescia (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet HYBRIPORE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal aims at developing novel hybrid DNA-protein nanopores with well-defined, uniform channel sizes, to advance fundamental studies on transport across membranes and to enable the development of new biosensors and progress towards creating artificial cells and tissues. Currently used protein nanopores either have a limited cargo capacity, which is set by their internal diameter, or they are heterogeneous in size and sometimes incompletely assembled. I propose to use DNA origami nanostructures as scaffolds for barrel- and ring-forming peptides of alpha-haemolysin and ClyA/Wza to create hybrid pores with larger and uniform pore sizes. These hybrid pores have the advantage that they are fully biocompatible and retain the potential for genetic and chemical engineering at the level of the DNA and proteins through the use of nucleotide recognition sequences and functionalised amino acid residues. By systematic characterisation of the hybrid nanopores in the controlled environment of droplet interface bilayers using single-channel current recordings and fluorescent detection of transport across membranes, the proposed hybrid nanopores will provide valuable insights into membrane transport and potential applications in biotechnology and medicine.

Mots clés : nanopores, alpha haemolysin, protein engineering, dna origami, membrane transport, biosensors

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet MADAME (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal aims at exploring the effect of dissipation in the nascent field of quantum thermodynamics. Two related quantum many-body experiments, realized using recent advances in cold atom quantum simulation, are aimed at understanding under what conditions a quantum system thermalizes. The outgoing phase, at the University of Maryland, USA, studies intriguing quantum effects in interacting, driven-dissipative systems, whereby the collective nature of dissipation prevents the system from reaching static equilibrium, despite strong coupling to the environment. Prof. Porto leads the host team, part of the NIST/UMD group of W.D. Phillips. The return phase, at Institut d’Optique, addresses the important question of dissipation-less thermalization in closed quantum systems of interacting atoms. The team is led by Dr. Browaeys in the CNRS group headed by P. Georges. The hosts provide complementary techniques of optical trapping and cooling for neutral atoms in regular arrays, and both are experts in manipulating strongly-interacting Rydberg atoms. Novel techniques for fast single-atom manipulation derived from adaptative optics are expected to circumvent current limitations: therefore a secondment in the ETHZ team of Prof. Esslinger, Switzerland, is planned for the Experienced Researcher (ER) to learn these techniques. Fundamental questions raised by quantum thermodynamics have recently received a worldwide surge of attention from leading research groups. Along the way, this proposal will develop new methods beneficial to quantum simulation techniques and to more general applications in quantum technologies, one of the major axis supported by the EU. The ER will discover multiple techniques and a wide view of quantum many-body problems, which will strongly benefit his career. Both hosts are world-wide experts in the relevant fields, experienced in welcoming young international researchers, and possess the resources and the will to make of the project a success.

Mots clés : quantum thermodynamics, rydberg atoms, optical lattices

Participants :
- Institut d'optique Graduate School (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 246668.4 €
- State of Maryland (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SCOM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal aims at providing new inter- and multidisciplinary solutions to the challenges of sustainable corporate behaviour through the analysis of ‘best practices’ of ‘highly sustainable companies’, by using the experience of ‘green public procurement’ in Catalunya as an example of how to successfully implement ‘sustainable’ concerns. The implementation of the research findings into the university curricula shall contribute to solidifying the sustainable business model by internalizing such concerns by the future business officers and lawyers. A three-stage process is envisaged to achieve the formulation of sustainable policy: in the first stage, ‘green public procurement’ practices will be analysed to provide examples of successful business model change sustainability. The conditions of public tenders portray the societal expectations and needs at the public level, and the corporations serving these needs serve as an example of a successful change towards sustainability. In the second stage, corporate ‘best practices’ will be analyzed as an example of profitably sustainable behaviour and as a foundation for change in currently non-sustainable companies. Recommendations for the EU legislator will be formulated as to how sustainability could be implemented at the EU corporate law policy level. At the final stage, the research findings will be incorporated into the classical legal and economic university curricula, to close the gap between classical legal and microeconomic theories and the demands for sustainable development. As such development represents one of the main EU goals, accounting for approximately 60% of the Horizon 2020 budget, this research aids the pursuit of new economic foundations, considering the importance of multinational corporations for the achievement of planned sustainability levels. An EU sustainable corporate policy is needed, and this research aims to provide the necessary foundations for its achievement.-

Mots clés : eu corporate law policy, sustainability, sustainable development, green public procurement, corporate law

Participants :
- Pompeu Fabra University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 170121.6 €