Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet FoodLoss (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project outlines a study on food losses in Modern Times which explores reasons,magnitude and features of food wastage in the past. The research will focus on northern Italy, although, whenever allowed, a comparative perspective will be adopted, providing insights into the European scenario. By ‘food loss’ literature refers to the food produced and yet turned inedible for a number of reasons: nowadays, as well as in the past, food loss accounts for a significant part of the overarching term ‘food wastage’. Essentially food loss remains distinct from ‘food waste’, since the former takes place at production, post-harvest and processing stages, whilst the latter, much more widely debated, occurs only at the end of the food chain. Focusing on well-documented and highly representative case-studies,this research will investigate the incidence of grain losses as a whole, its core features and its main consequences against the backdrop of pre-industrial Europe. Accounting records combined with relevant scientific literature of the time will cast a light on grain losses occurring at storage and processing stages. By bringing new data on cereal preservation in a chemical-free setting, this study will provide an original contribution to the current food wastage debate. Unlike food waste, commonly treated as a cultural phenomenon, food loss tends to be accounted as a mere technical issue, therefore disengaging humanities and social sciences specialists as a whole. This study will highlight to what extent cultural aspects, such as scientific knowledge, belief system and local policy would play a role in this process. As a matter of fact, food loss is still nowadays considered as a prominent issue even in areas endowed with adequate facilities and avant-garde technologies, pointing out that innovative models for future supply chains need an holistic and creative approach to which historical knowledge can be highly beneficial.

Mots clés : food loss, food wastage, food history, economic history, cereals, food supply chain, food security, food safety, italy, 17th century, 18th century

Participants :
- University of Milano-Bicocca (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet DARKHIGGS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project proposes a search for a novel signature of dark matter (DM) production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) resulting from the emission of an additional Higgs boson in the dark sector. The presence of such a dark Higgs boson is motivated both by the need to generate the masses of the particles in the dark sector and the possibility to relax constraints from the dark matter relic abundance. If the dark Higgs boson is the lightest state in the dark sector and has a small mixing with the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, it predominantly decays into b-quarks for a dark Higgs boson mass below 160 GeV. This gives a distinct mono-dark-Higgs signature to search for consisting of a two collimated b-jets in association with missing transverse momentum from a pair of undetected dark matter particles. The new search channel probes large parts of phase space which are inaccessible to conventional mono-jet and di-jet searches and is complementary to the existing dark matter search programme at the LHC. The potential discovery of a dark Higgs boson would provide a unique window to the dark sector with excellent opportunities for further exploration, e.g. by probing the couplings of the dark Higgs boson to other SM particles. The implications would even go beyond the question of DM as it would suggest that the Higgs mechanisms is more fundamental that what is currently believed. The project described here proposes to use the data collected with ATLAS at the LHC by the end of Run-2 to search for a dark Higgs boson decaying to b-quarks. In addition, the project has a hardware part on the upgrade of the ATLAS inner tracker (ITk) for High-Luminosity LHC. This is an important element for the preparations for future searches for the dark Higgs boson, either as a means to further explore a potential positive outcome of the search with Run-2 data, or to improve the sensitivity of the search in case no evidence is found for a dark Higgs boson with the Run-2 data.

Mots clés : atlas

Participants :
- Lund University (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185857.2 €
Projet ZEPHYROS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project proposes a study of all known Iberian inscriptions (about 2.000 documents dating from the 5th century BC to the 1st century AD) in a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective. The study of the Iberian corpus will be set in a broad cultural context, including the rise of the first Western written traditions and their linguistic and cultural contacts. I will focus on issues such as the relationship between text and object, the Iberian adoption of exogenous epigraphic models (mainly Phoenician/Punic, Greek and Latin), and the level of literacy within the male and female spheres of this society. Although the Iberian language in not yet fully deciphered, its epigraphic texts represent a cornerstone of the ethnological and cultural understanding of the protohistoric peninsular peoples and their insertion within the Mediterranean world. For the time being, however, there is no comprehensive study of the Iberian corpus, which has grown considerably over the past decades. On the other hand, there has been a tendency to study the Iberian world and its written culture in an overly isolated way, without sufficiently considering the panorama of neighbouring territories, which provide significant parallels. The specific objectives of this project can be synthetized as follows: publication of the entire corpus of Iberian inscriptions according to current academic criteria, including a digital open access version; linguistic analysis of these texts with a special attention to the cultural context in which they were produced; study of the Iberian written culture in a broad cultural context, including neighbouring territories such as Northern Africa. This project will therefore contribute to the understanding of the Iberian language as well as the circulation of cultural models within the Western Mediterranean. It will ultimately represent an innovative step toward the comprehension of the birth of European identities.


Participants :
- Sorbonne Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet perovskites-NMR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project proposes to study the molecular structure of timely photovoltaic materials: 2D, quasi-3D, hollow 3D perovskites and 3D perovskites doped with organic molecular modifiers. The understanding of order, disorder and dynamics in these complex systems is the first and most important step towards more rational design of new stable perovskites for solar cell applications. The project will address this problem by employing multi-nuclear solid-state NMR and the protocols that have been recently developed to study multi-component perovskites by the applicant. 1H, 2H, 13C, 15N, 14N, 133Cs, 115In, 209Bi and 109Ag solid-state MAS NMR will be applied to study structure and dynamics of lead (2D, quasi-3D, hollow 3D), tin (hollow 3D) halide perovskites, silver-indium and silver-bismuth double perovskites and 3D lead halide perovskites doped with amino acid molecular modifiers. The structural details will be related back to the optoelectronic behaviour studied using techniques such as confocal time-resolved photoluminescence, electroluminescence, and PL quantum yield measurements when these materials are incorporated into thin film architectures. The results are expected to provide an unprecedented level of detail on the atomic-level organisation which will also be the first comprehensive description of the structure-optoelectronic activity relationship in these complex organic-inorganic materials. The developed protocols are expected to encourage the routine application of solid-state NMR to perovskite materials research. The impact of this research is expected to go well beyond the scientific community as there is currently considerable industrial interest in developing stable perovskite-based solar cells.

Mots clés : perovskites, solid state nmr, photoluminescence, mechanochemistry

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet ALMP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project studies the impact of Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) on the transition from unemployment to employment as well as on the behaviour of the unemployed. It will be based on two Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and freshly-released data from the IZA Evaluation dataset. The RCTs are carried out with our partner organization, the British Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). In the RCTs, factors such as frequency of meetings between the unemployed and the job coach, content of invitation letters, will be varied “at random” across large samples of benefit claimants. In impact evaluation studies, RCTs help us to overcome several problems that would prevent us to make causal inferences. The design and analysis will benefit from methodological expertise built up in medical statistics, in which methodological issues that often receive less attention in economics have been dealt with more extensively. The project is also inspired by strategies developed in the literature on tax compliance and by methodological insights from sociology on survey design. In the last component, the project will consider data from cognitive tests developed in psychology and introduced in the recent behavioural economics literature to investigate whether there is heterogeneity in unemployment duration across people with different cognitive skills, and to check whether a completely different approach to investigate a similar research question as in the second component leads to similar results. The large sample sizes will give us a unique opportunity to study heterogeneous effects and make progress in profiling the unemployed, hereby making use of novel statistical techniques co-developed at the Department of Economics at the University of Sheffield. The project will shed light on an important, though under researched, topic in labour economics, namely whether or not interventions might become less effective the later they are implemented in the unemployment spell.

Mots clés : active labour market policies, randomized control trials, monitoring and counseling

Participants :
- University of Sheffield (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MetricIMo (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project studies the intergenerational transmission process of well-being, which measures the degree to which individuals and their families move between positions of social, economic and health status. Our interest in intergenerational mobility is motivated by its implications on equality of opportunity. Children are born into circumstances over which they have no control. Parents, schools, and neighborhoods transmit to children endowments and environment such as genes, economic resources, and capabilities, which shape children’s lifetime opportunities. These endowments are not only unequal by nature but also recent evidence suggests that the gaps in capabilities, which include cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills, and health stock from families of different socioeconomic status diverge from early age. While little can be done about it, policy makers can break the chain of persistence of inequality by providing resources to families so that disadvantaged children can reach their true potential. While there is large body of work on measuring intergenerational income mobility little is known about its cross-country determinants and the various channels of transmission. This project aims at filling these gaps in the literature by doing two things. In doing so, we develop new ways to measure mobility that move beyond linear measures to characterizations, which allow for the existence of poverty (and affluence) traps. In doing so, we develop an econometric framework using state-of-the-art statistical techniques and econometric methods that extend the empirical analysis of mobility beyond income to capabilities following Amartya Sen and the recent work of James Heckman. Capabilities measure the capacity to function in order to expand the potential outcomes for an individual. Second, we explore the effects of changes in the monetary policy regimes on mobility by focusing on two specific mechanisms that involve credit constraints and neighbourhood effects.

Mots clés : intergenerational mobility, inequality, model uncertainty, multilevel modeling, multiple regimes, threshold regressions

Participants :
- University of Chicago (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Wisconsin System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Cyprus (Chypre) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 253954.8 €
Projet NarrowbandSSL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project targets the development of solution-processable narrow-band thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds that will be employed in low-cost solution-processed solid-state lighting devices. Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and light emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) will be fabricated from these materials. The stringent design criteria will be met by adapting multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials to be compatible with solution processing techniques. Using the proposed design it is expected that narrow emission (FWHM of 25-30 nm) and high efficiency can be maintained, which would represent a real advance in both solution-processed OLEDs and LECs. This project will specifically develop solution-processable blue and red narrow band emitting TADF materials as these are both essential for displays and lighting and whose performance in current state-of-the-art OLEDs and LECs remains sub-optimal.

Mots clés : organic light emitting diodes  oleds, light emitting electrochemical cells  lecs, thermally activated delayed fluorescence  tadf, organic macro molecules, blue emitters, red emitters

Participants :
- University of St Andrews (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet REVMUS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project will analyse the formation of memory about the nineteenth-century revolutionary movement in Russia and the 1917 Revolution in a group of historical-revolutionary museums in Petrograd-Leningrad between 1917 and 1941. The two decades after the October Revolution witnessed a transformation of the memory landscape, as Bolshevik leaders exploited the struggle to overthrow the old regime as an instrument of political legitimacy. The scholarship has dealt extensively with the management of the revolutionary narrative from the top; however, key institutions involved in the governance of the recent past, particularly, museums, remain understudied. This pioneering study of museums will provide a unique view of how memory was shaped on the ground. Petrograd-Leningrad is chosen for the analysis due to its status in the Soviet memory politics – that of ‘the city of three revolutions’ and ‘the city of Lenin’. The historical-revolutionary museums explored here include the House Museum for the Memory of Freedom Fighters, the State Museum of the Revolution – GMR, the Museum of Sergei Kirov, the Museum of Lenin in Leningrad, and a handful of smaller, short-lived museums such as the Museum of Komsomol and the Museum of the Army and the Fleet. While scholarship claims that the Soviet state was steady in imposing the ‘Bolshevik-centred’ memory project from 1917 on, I will show how a clash of seeming similar, yet different memory projects unfolded in all these museums. The House-Museum and the GMR operated with a broad concept of the ‘revolutionary movement’ that included all the antimonarchist political forces that had been active in the Russian Empire, not just the Bolsheviks. This project withered only in the early 1930s ceding way to the ‘Bolshevik-centred’ and then ‘Lenin/Stalin-centred’ ones that emphasized the role of the Communist party and mythologized figures of Lenin and Stalin in designing the 1917 revolution – to the detriment of all other participants.

Mots clés : stalinism, counter revolution, soviet history, soviet society, memory politics, history of leningrad, russian revolution, generations

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet HPD-inv of TBR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will be carried out at the Warwick Mathematics Institute under the supervision of Prof. John Greenlees; I have worked for the past eight years at MIT and I will move in 2020 to the University of Warwick as an Associate Professor. Three of the most important conjectures in mathematics - the Tate conjecture, the Beilinson conjecture and the generalized Riemann hypothesis - concern the location and order of the zeros/poles of the L-functions associated to algebraic varieties. For example, in the particular case of an elliptic curve, the Beilinson conjecture reduces to the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, and in the particular case of a point, the generalized Riemann hypothesis reduces to the Riemann hypothesis. These are two of the seven Millenium Prize Problems. The first objective of this project is to prove that the conjectures of Tate, Beilinson, and Riemann, are invariant under homological projective duality in the sense of Kuznetsov. The second objective is to combine this invariance result with the different homological projective dualities in the literature in order to obtain not only a proof of the conjectures of Tate and Beilinson in numerous new cases but also an equivalence between the generalized Riemann hypothesis of very different algebraic varieties. These objectives will greatly improve the state-of-the-art of the Tate and Beilinson conjectures and will considerably deepen our understanding of the generalized Riemann hypothesis. In order to achieve them, I will combine Kontsevich's noncommutative viewpoint on algebraic geometry with mathematical tools from several different areas (e.g., algebraic topology, derived categories, algebraic K-theory, etc). This will enhance my creative and innovative potential, will foster my professional maturity and independence, will diversify my technical skills, and also will enable me to receive advanced training. Hence, this project is directly aligned with the MSCA-IF-EF-RI objectives.

Mots clés : topological tate cohomology, derived category, algebraic k theory

Participants :
- University of Warwick (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet FIRE-PLUME-SENSE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will deliver new drone-based gas sensing technologies for environmental monitoring, specifically to characterise the complex pollution (CO, CO2, NOx, O3 etc) plumes from wildfires. It builds on the success of these low-cost miniature sensors recently demonstrated by the ER and her industry collaborator in volcanic plumes, combined with Host expertise on fire science and remote sensing geography and partner expertise in drone applications and laboratory sensor tests. It takes timely opportunity of a major coordinated atmospheric campaign on fire plumes. Biomass burning emissions substantially influence air quality on local to regional scales as well as global atmospheric composition. Atmospheric modelling efforts to predict fire plume impacts require knowing the emission composition, which can vary greatly between different fires and also between different plume measurement altitudes, and temporally, depending on precise fuel makeup, degree of smouldering vs flaming combustion, etc. Existing approaches (ground-based, aircraft, satellite) all have limitations in quantifying the emissions, near-downwind plume height and chemical evolution. Our development of new drone-based fire plume gas sensing technology aims to fill this current ‘data gap’. There is high potential for future societal benefit through widespread applications of the new technology to detect and chemically map wildfire but also other plume hazards (e.g. volcanoes, landfill sites, industry accident releases).

Mots clés : fire, biomass burning, gases, e nose, wildfire, in situ, sensor, drone, technology, balloon, sensing, troposphere, plume, pollution, aerosol

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet NEDRATS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop a new, highly enantioselective, state-of-the-art synthetic route to the daphniyunnine family of alkaloids based on a novel dual organo / metal catalysed desymmetrization reaction of alkene-linked cyclohexanones as a key step, which will allow the rapid and efficient construction of the AB rings ready for subsequent advancement to the majority of the family members. Evaluation of the anti-cancer biological activity of the different target molecules and late stage intermediates will be carried out. This Fellowship project combines total synthesis, new asymmetric methodology development and biological evaluation. It has been designed to augment and complement the research and transferable skills sets of the Marie Curie fellow, Dr Sonawane, and will greatly enhance his career prospects accordingly. Through the training and the research results arising, the Fellowship will be beneficial to the fellow, the host institution and European science.

Mots clés : organic synthesis, catalysis, desymmetrization, total synthesis, alkaloids, enantioselective reactions

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €