Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ESRS-EMS for CO2RR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wide-spread application of fossil fuels by humankind during a few past decades has resulted in increased concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in atmosphere from approximately 270 to more than 400 ppm during the past 200 years. The increased CO2 level in atmosphere causes unprecedented raise of the earth’s temperature and acidification of the oceans. Therefore, there is an urge to reduce the devastating consequences of global warming, as highlighted in the global summit on climate change (Paris Agreement) as well as the European Commission. Replacing the conventional fossil fuels with renewable sources of energy has been recognized as one of the crucial actions in this regard. Accordingly, conversion of CO2 into other carbonaceous fuels may decrease the CO2 concentration in atmosphere, while producing a renewable source of energy. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 provides high environmental compatibility and adaptability with renewable forms of energies like wind and solar. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to fuels reverses the combustion, facilitating the storage of electricity by CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to form valued hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Despite the recent progresses in catalysts design, the complex mechanism leading to formation of a mixture of 16 different products on various surfaces is not thoroughly understood. New operando spectroscopic techniques are required to illustrate the underneath reaction mechanism through tracing the intermediates species. Accordingly, the objective of this project is to develop an operando technique by coupling surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (ESRS) with electrochemical mass spectrometry (EMS) for CO2RR mechanistic studies. The obtained insights from this study will determine the mechanism of catalytic activity in CO2RR, leading toward the rational design of new catalysts with improved activity and selectivity toward formation of C2+ products which can be directly used as fuel.

Mots clés : operando spectroscopy, surface enhanced raman spectroscopy, carbon dioxide  co2  reduction reaction, electrochatalysis, electrochemical mass spectrometry, mechanistic study

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet iSLIP-NMR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Widespread adoption of photovoltaics for clean, plentiful and renewable energy requires cheap, efficient and long-lasting solar cells; hybrid perovskite solar cells are promising candidates but suffer from light-induced degradation under operational conditions. Chemical understanding of the photodegradation processes is required to develop stable materials, but is challenging to obtain with existing techniques. Here we propose to study perovskite degradation under in situ light irradiation using high-resolution solid-state NMR. Solid-state NMR is an atomic-scale, element-specific probe of local structure which has recently been shown to provide important information on perovskite systems, however new methodology is required to perform in situ light irradiation. Significantly, many photodefects will be present at low concentrations and/or localised at surfaces; in order to observe these by NMR, in situ light irradiation will be combined with dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP), whereby the greater polarisation of unpaired electrons boosts the NMR signal. The project is split into three parts: (1) observation of major perovskite photodegradation products under in situ light irradiation that do not require additional sensitivity; (2) adaptation of DNP NMR to perovskites to observe surface passivating species; and (3) combined DNP-enhanced, in situ light-irradiated NMR to observe minor and/or surface photodefects. All three parts represent innovative methodological advances and will provide key chemical information on perovskite structures and degradation processes to guide future development of stable solar cells. The combination of myself and the Emsley lab is ideal to perform this project, through which I will develop the advanced technical and non-technical research skills required for the project to be succesful. The fellowship will expand my international network and result in wide-reaching research output, which will establish me as an independent researcher.

Mots clés : solid state nmr, perovskites, photodegradation

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191149.44 €
Projet EEEFISH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wild fish catches in European waters accounted for about 8.3 million tonnes in 2016. In 2018, the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) provided advice on fishing opportunities for 224 stocks representing 7.7 million tonnes. Of the stocks for which stock status is known, about 40% were overfished and 35% outside safe biological limits in 2018. Mis-management costs in the North East Atlantic may be on the range of several billions. The world bank estimates point to approx. 12.5 billion dollars in Europe in 2012. Despite this situation, scientists showed that fisheries management works, although a fast changing environment due to climate change together with constant shifts in policy, largely triggered by a growing diversity in the political spectrum, require more than ever scientific advice for natural resource management to be robust, accountable and flexible. The fellowship will focus on understanding and challenging the current landscape of scientific advice products being produced or under development within the ICES, and explore methods to streamline those products into scientific advice relevant to fisheries management. The final outcome of the fellowship will propose methods to enhance the advice framework in relation to both the science developments in the EU and the need to improve the applicability of evidence based decision making. In detail the fellowship aims to: (i) explore and develop methods that integrate across ecosystem, environment and economic aspects of fisheries science (EEE), leveraging in products produced across the network of expert groups and EU funded projects; (ii) explore new advisory products and/or extend/limitations the current advice; (iii) link all products with automation and quality assurance processes. Research will be carried out in a cycle of dialogue with relevant actors (scientists, policy makers, stakeholders), simulation testing and real case applications.


Participants :
- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 219312.0 €
Projet FireAndRiskPrevention (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wildfires remove protective vegetation, leaving the landscapes vulnerable to catastrophic erosion, landslides and floods. The resulting losses and mitigation costs following wildfires have increased dramatically in the last 30 years due to (i) the population increase, (ii) the rise in fire severity and torrential rains associated with climatic change, and (iii) critical gaps in and limited transfer of knowledge on fire-effects to support decision making. Major advances have been made in the last decade including the development of cost-risk erosion prediction tools, innovative hillslope stabilization treatments and novel approaches to monitor soil redistribution. In Europe, however, their application in post-fire prevention plans is still in its infancy as the necessary soil-specific calibration and effectiveness testing is missing for most terrain types. In this project I aim to exploit my expertise in Andisols to address this important research and management gap for volcanic regions. These terrains are not only typically very steep, densely populated and highly prone to wildfires, but as they experience some of the most torrential rainfall events worldwide, they are very often subjected to the dramatic consequences of floods, severe water erosion and landslides, which threaten properties and human lives. I propose to use an innovative field, laboratory and modelling approach and carefully chosen implementation programme, involving the validation and application of novel erosion-risk tools. Where applied, these tools will reduce risks to lives and properties, for southern European countries, savings of over €375 million per year can be expected. The collaborative work plan, involving global leaders in academia, industry and management, not only provides me with multidisciplinary and inter-sectorial training of the highest standard. It also ensures the application of the best science and effective knowledge transfer from academia to the end-users.

Mots clés : wildfires, disaster risk reduction, knowledge transfer, cost risk runoff erosion models, post fire mitigation treatments, fallout radionuclide tracers, thermogravimetry, end user, andisols

Participants :
- Swansea University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet Wildsmoke (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wildsmoke examines the history of transient wildfire smoke in the northern hemisphere as part of past and continuing environmental change. The project traces smoke across political and disciplinary borders. It implicates national and regional climate change policy, especially issues of social equity and environmental justice in areas of Europe most affected by smoke seasons. The work offers increased understanding and control over a subject that has been difficult to grasp while positioning the researcher at the influential intersection between academic and government work. The unprecedented scale and frequency of wildfire in the northern hemisphere has made smoke a seasonal occurrence in skies around the world. In 2018, ash drifted from fires in northwestern Canada into northern Europe, altering forecasts on both continents, settling in Antarctic ice, and accelerating glacial melt rates. Although climate change has exacerbated smoke events in the twenty-first century, smoke seasons lie within a longer history of human-smoke interaction (wild and domestic) stretching back into deep time. Wildsmoke analyses this accumulated history to draw lessons for the present. My research frames smoke seasons as part of a long and dynamic relationship with smoke which has changed over time and is responsive to the nuances of social, political, and economic history. Understanding the way our relationships with smoke have been built over time is important because smoke is a form of slow environmental violence. Smoke policy must be proactive about managing smoke and its impacts on landscapes and bodies. Smoke is unevenly distributed by wind, vegetation, humidity, and individual vulnerability. A humanistic approach is necessary because the ways in which the bodily and ecological burdens of smoke fall are often determined by socio-political factors. Smoke is not neutral, and has historically impacted some groups more severely than others.

Mots clés : environmental history

Participants :
- University of Stavanger (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202158.72 €
Projet GalRepsDiophantine (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wiles' remarkable proof of Fermat's Last Theorem paved the way for the modular approach to Diophantine equations. This associates a Frey elliptic curve to a putative solution of a Diophantine equation and studies it using Galois representations and modularity. This proposal is organized around two research programmes, both of which develop new tools for the modular approach. The first is concerned with distinguishing Galois representations; this is currently the most frequent obstruction to the success of the approach. The second aims to prove modularity and irreducibility theorems for abelian varieties of GL2 type. Such theorems are of tremendous independent interest, but will also allow the replacement of Frey elliptic curves with Frey abelian varieties giving the modular approach immense flexibility. The University of Warwick has a strong and active number theory group, making it a natural host for the project. The Supervisor, Professor Siksek, is a leading expert on curves, rational points, Diophantine equations and modularity, with considerable experience in supervising research including eight postdocs and ten completed PhD students. The Researcher, Dr Freitas, did his undergraduate studies in Lisbon, and his PhD at the University of Barcelona. He has worked for almost three years in Germany (Bonn and Bayreuth), and is now a postdoctoral fellow at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver). He has a successful track record of research in modularity and Diophantine equations, with 12 papers already published or accepted in excellent journals. He was awarded the prestigious 2014 Jose Luis Rubio de Francia prize by the Spanish Mathematical Society. The envisioned research will make the Researcher influential in Diophantine equations and adjacent subjects. The project will reintegrate him into the European research environment, and allow him to realize his ambition of becoming an independent researcher at a leading European institution.

Mots clés : galois representations, modularity, elliptic curves, modular forms, diophantine equations

Participants :
- University of Warwick (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet E-CORK (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With 162,000 tons/year, Portugal and Spain have the largest world quota of cork production, being cork stoppers for wine and champagne the “star product”. About 90% of the cork stoppers used worldwide are produced in these two countries. The European Cork Federation established mandatory practices to ensure the quality of the natural stoppers which include several washing, bleaching and disinfection steps. These procedures generate large volumes of wastewaters up to 195,000 m3/year that contain non-biodegradable organic matter, hydrogen peroxide used as disinfectant and different dissolved salts; and constitute a serious risk to environment and human health. The E-CORK project builds on the premise that cork washing wastewaters can be effectively treated by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. The main goal is to develop an optimized electrochemical treatment line for the depuration and reutilization of cork washing wastewaters taking advantage of the hydrogen peroxide in the main effluent (from by-product to reactant), attending not only to the treatment performance, but also to its technical, economic and environmental feasibility. With this approach and bearing in mind the possibility of reuse the regenerated wastewaters, the E-CORK project aims to revolutionize the cork industry towards a circular economy. The inherent responsibility of Portugal and Spain R&D to promote cleaner and more cost-efficient technologies that safeguard cork production and aquatic environments; the close link with the industrial needs; and the experience of the candidate and supervisor at University of Coimbra, make the perfect conditions to successfully develop this project.

Mots clés : cork industrial wastewater, electrochemical processes, advanced oxidation processes, life cycle assessment

Participants :
- University of Coimbra (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159815.04 €
Projet BRAD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With Brexit and the abandonment of the free movement and residence principle, the UK will define its new immigration policy concerning EU nationals. The new immigration policies will aim to control and circumscribe the mobility of the citizens of the EU member states, currently free to travel, live and work in the UK. They may also be returned or deported only under very specific circumstances. Following Brexit, those who will not comply with the new regulations will become deportable. The aim of the project is to research the implementation of the new UK deportation system concerning EU nationals. The fellow will propose a comprehensive approach to the UK deportation regime, taking into account its various components: (1) immigration policies, (2) agencies that enforce them, (3) public debate that accompanies changes in migration policies and their implementation, (4) migrants that become deportable and are deported, as well as (5) return migrants and stayers back in sending countries who consider migrating to the UK and who adjust their (im)mobility strategies according to, or resisting, migration policies. The project assumes that the deportation regime is a transnational phenomenon, since it concerns not only people in migrant-receiving countries, but also in migrant-sending counties. The research offers an analysis of the largest migrant group in the UK, the Poles. The case of the Polish migrants will offer an insight into how the transnational UK deportation regime becomes rooted among migrants and develops back in their hometown communities. The project draws upon interdisciplinary qualitative methodologies, including multi-sited ethnography, Critical Discourse Analysis of media, and legal analysis. Its outcomes will reach EU, UK and Polish policy makers, influential think tanks, the academic community and the general public.

Mots clés : deportation, mobility, brexit, polish migrants, european union  eu

Participants :
- University of Wolverhampton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet SmartDeZIgn (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With CO2 emissions being an eminent threat of unprecedent global impact, cheap ways to separate it from related gas mixtures are regarded as one of the biggest environmental challenges of our century. One alternative to the current methods is membrane-based separations. However, with today’s available materials, membranes are trapped in an upper boundary permeability-selectivity performance, below the target values of industry related applications. Zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) can lead to the development of membranes with high performance due to their functionalization that alters their separation performance. They haven’t achieved the status of game changer materials, though, due to limited knowledge of the structural modification-separation performance correlation. Although there are indications that replacement of the organic linker or the metal in ZIFs, affects considerably the diffusivity and separation of gases, no systematic investigation has been carried towards this direction. I propose a novel method for the design of ZIFs of unprecedented selectivity for CO2 urgent separations: H2/CO2, CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4. The design will be based on the substitution of the organic linker and/or the metal centers of ZIFs. I will develop a computational tool based on machine learning methods which will screen all the suitable metals/linkers in combination with the hundreds of available ZIF topologies. The algorithm’s goal will be to find the missing correlation between these replacements and their impact on the separation efficiency of ZIFs. To achieve this, and contrary to the current screening machine learning-based methods, which focus solely on “static” host-guest interactions (sorption), my algorithm will take into account also the diffusivity (the governing mechanism in membrane-based separations), by adopting realistic structural flexibility response. This will facilitate the design of the optimum material for the three separations.


Participants :
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 153085.44 €
Projet EUMIGRE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With Southern Europe suffering deeply from the financial crisis, a renewed public discussion on emigration from this region has emerged. The European South, which had only recently become a destination for immigration, seems to be experiencing a new major emigration wave. This is especially true for Greece, the country which has been hit hardest by the economic crisis and concomitant austerity measures. Despite public attention on the matter, however, little is known about who is emigrating, what alternative mobility strategies are considered and pursued, or the reasons underling migration decisions. EUMIGRE will provide an answer to these questions by introducing an innovative mixed methods approach. This approach allows identifying and studying a sizeable and diverse group of young adults whose spatial and social trajectories are retrospectively traced to explore the influence of the current crisis on their strategies. In so doing, it will also contribute to migration theory at a period when space-time flexibilizations, processes of neoliberalization, and the economic crisis are changing established modalities of and motivations for migration in ways that render the emigration–immigration country distinction obsolete.

Mots clés : emigration, crisis and migration, intra european mobility, migration aspirations, mobility strategies

Participants :
- University of Macedonia (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 164653.2 €