Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet REMEMBER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Our memory is essential for all aspects of our lives. Memories are encoded in the brain by coordinated neuronal activity in the hippocampus. Disruption of this coordination is associated with neurological/psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia affecting spatial and social memories. Emerging data suggests that the gut microbiota can influence the brain through the vagus nerve with involvements in an increasing number of mental health conditions including those impairing memory. However, these associations are correlative and the precise microbiota-vagal effects on brain physiology remain to be defined. Can we decode hippocampal neuronal mechanisms contributing to gut-vagal modulation of memory? REMEMBER aims to establish an integrative functional definition of two distinct and specialised neuronal pathways arising from the vagus-innervated brainstem which are likely to carry microbiota-initiated information into the hippocampus. By combining state-of-the-art viral tracing, behavioural tests, microbiome-vagal manipulations and in vivo electrophysiology, I propose investigations of progressive levels of biological complexity. REMEMBER will bring new insights into the regulation of memory and may pave the way for transformative microbiota- and vagus-oriented treatments for people living with memory decline, addressing a public health priority. I will design an open sharing strategy for the dissemination and communication of my findings to maximise their impact. This fellowship will provide me with interdisciplinary expertise by complementing my knowledge in neuroscience with microbiome research and it will support my transition to independence at APC Microbiome Ireland. I will grow my network and gain valuable international training and intersectoral exposure through secondments at Icahn School of Medicine in New York and The Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle strengthening my competitiveness for independent group leader positions.

Mots clés : memory, hippocampus, gut microbiota brain axis, vagus nerve, virus tracing, microbiome manipulation, in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, cell type, synapse, behaviour, network oscillations

Participants :
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Allen Institute (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- University College Cork (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 215534.4 €
Projet DEMETER (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

I propose a 24-month MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowship in experimental condensed matter physics to overcome limitations in coherence time, single-gate operation frequency, and scalable readout associated with challenges in realising quantum computers. DEMETER builds on the complementarity of my strengths, the leading fabrication expertise and infrastructure at my Host, Tyndall National Institute, and the know-how in quantum information processing afforded by a secondment at the high-potential UK SME Quantum Motion. I will use Ge as an emerging quantum material platform to realise Ge-hole spin qubits in strained Ge/SiGe heterostructures and gate-defined RQQDs formed in the underlying Ge. DEMETER aims to demonstrate a beyond state-of-the art scalable qubit platform using the emergent architecture of Rhombic Quadruple Quantum Dots (RQQDs) and the Ge material platform. Using this novel architecture and exploiting advances in fabrication processes, rf-based novel techniques – that is rf single-electron transistor (RF-SET) and gate-based sensing for qubit readout will be implemented offering scalability through integration of both the qubit realization and control readout. My specific science and technology objectives are to achieve advances in the coherence time, fast qubit operation and fast readout, and to contribute towards the scalability of quantum microchips. My career development will benefit from the supervision of Dr Giorgos Fagas, an established leader at Tyndall, the Irish quantum technologies community and the EU landscape, and the research expertise in processing Ge nanostructures of Drs Duffy and Petkov. During my 2-month secondment, I will be supervised by Dr. Fernando Gonzalez-Zalba who is a leading researcher in gate-based sensing reflectometry. The goal of the Fellowship matches the urgent need to support the EU Quantum Technologies flagship and foster leading expertise in quantum computing.

Mots clés : quantum dots, quantum computing, hole spins, ge sige heterostructure, rf reflectometry

Participants :
- Quantum motion technologies ltd (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- University College Cork (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 215534.4 €
Projet ARCHAIC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

While recent work has begun to shed light on the microbiota, which includes the trillions of bacteria and phages that inhabit our body, our understanding of its evolution over the course of human history is limited. To answer research questions regarding the development of the human microbiota over time, researchers have begun to sequence ancient DNA from well-preserved fecal and dental samples to understand their bacterial community composition. However, an important group of the microbiota, bacterial viruses (or bacteriophages), which play a large role in influencing bacterial community structure and can affect human health and disease, are often understudied in these ancient samples. Here, we propose ARCHAIC (bActeRiophage in the anCient HumAn mICrobiome), a project which aims to answer key questions regarding these important viral populations in these ancient samples. Using an integrative and collaborative approach, we will use sequencing data of ancient paleofeces and dental calculus to study the oral and gut microbiome from a variety of time periods. This novel work will allow us to develop a pipeline to identify viruses in ancient samples and answer the question - do ancient bacteriophage populations resemble modern ones? In addition, by identifying phages in these ancient samples, we will be able to probe the sequencing data for insights on phage evolution, the development of bacterial defense systems against phages, as well as reconstruct ancient phage genomes to identify novel phage/host pairs. ARCHAIC will move the field of phage biology forward by identifying phages in these relatively understudied ancient samples and will have results that will be applicable to the fields of bacterial evolution, anthropology, and bioinformatics.

Mots clés : metagenomics bacteriophage ancient dna paleogenomics

Participants :
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- University College Cork (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199694.4 €
Projet TECHNE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

TECHNE questions how the dynamics of changes of pottery circulation and production relate to economic and political dynamics of 2nd millennium BCE Mesopotamia, from the Amorite collective identity in the Middle Bronze Age to the Kassite and Assyrian cultural-political systems in the Late Bronze Age. To ensure its feasibility and not harming its completeness, the project focuses on table vessels (plates, carinated bowls, shouldered beakers, tall-necked beakers) and storage containers (jars with band rim), selected on the base of their diffusion in Mesopotamia and their occurrence in funerary and administrative contexts, of primary importance to assess specific cultural traits and traditions in the use of ceramics. The selected material has been retrieved in northern and southern Mesopotamia in four selected sites, mentioned as case-studies, and from ISAC and Penn museums’ collections. The project challenges when the aforementioned ceramic types spread, why they were widely attested, what their cultural and economic meaning was, how they were adopted in local traditions. TECHNE aims at bringing together the available fragmentary evidence and the analyzing data synchronically and diachronically by means of an interdisciplinary method combining anthropological approaches, natural sciences (petrography), and Digital Humanities analytical tools (Geographic Information System). The host institution, UP1– UMR ArScAn, will provide training in GIS mapping, microscope observation and material culture anthropology. Research collaborations with top-ranking scholars in the lab and in other institutions will provide me with a broadening of my skillset and of my network for further collaborations. In the project's last quarter, I will organize a workshop involving prominent scholars researching the project’s topics. TECHNE will be disseminated in scientific conferences and publications, as well as in the local communities in Iraq and Europe.

Mots clés : ancient near east, mesopotamia, pottery, bronze age, ceramic production, goods circulation

Participants :
- Université Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 226420.56 €
Projet QUA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Despite the centrality of the term 'qua' in Aristotle’s philosophy – from the definition of ontology to his philosophy of mathematics – a comprehensive analysis of its role throughout the Aristotelian corpus remains absent in both European and global scholarship. The QUA Project addresses this critical gap by proposing a framework for a consistent understanding of the role of 'qua' in Aristotle’s philosophy. Unlike previous studies that have focused on the scientific uses of 'qua', where it contributes to defining specific sciences, QUA shifts the perspective to Aristotle’s Organon. Using a methodology that integrates philology, ancient Greek philosophy, and debates in contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of mathematics, QUA begins by reconstructing Aristotle’s theory of qualifications in the "Sophistical Refutations". It then demonstrates how the "Analytics" identifies 'qua' as a qualification of respect that specifies the category of predication. Finally, the project tests this framework by extending it beyond the Organon to address unresolved questions about the scientific uses of 'qua'. Supervised by leading Aristotelian scholars, Pierre-Marie Morel at Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and Rachel Barney at the University of Toronto during a secondment, the project benefits from their expertise and the support of their research units, GRAMATA and CSAMP. This international collaboration will significantly enhance the researcher’s academic profile, increase visibility, prepare future research projects, and improve competitiveness in the global job market. Furthermore, the outreach plan of the project addresses the construction of stereotypes and the potential of social critique inherent in 'qua predications' to foster a broader societal impact, extending the research’s relevance beyond academic philosophy.

Mots clés : aristotle aristotle s organon qua ancient logic

Participants :
- Université de Toronto (Canada) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 226420.56 €
Projet NEXTRIGHT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

NEXTRIGHT illuminates how Western European democracies dealt with and were impacted by the re-emergence of fascism and, more generally, the extreme right, in the immediate aftermath of World War II (from 1945 to the mid-1950s). These years were marked by the early stages of the Cold War which encouraged some governments to adopt anti-communist measures, but that season was also signed by the re-emergence of a renewed threat, that posed by the extreme right. The latter maintained its strength and economic resources in many Western European countries (beyond the right-wing Portuguese and Spanish dictatorships) as attested by the foundation of new parties, periodicals and transnational networks. Yet, this side of post-1945 Western European history is often underestimated. NEXTRIGHT reverses this trend by investigating how democratic governments in Western Europe responded to the renewed extreme-right activism, relocating this issue within a broader narrative of post-1945 Western European history. Finally, it assesses whether the Cold War context played a role in conditioning the approaches of governments and in what terms the initial phase of decolonisation influenced the revival of the extreme right. In an era when democracy seems particularly fragile, democratic governments are reconsidering their approaches to confronting extremist movements, NEXTRIGHT, therefore, underscores the importance of developing comprehensive responses to such delicate issues, which are associated with profound ethical questions (for example, whether it is right to tolerate the intolerant). NEXTRIGHT is a multi-archival research focused on four case studies, namely those of France, Italy, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The aim is to explore and compare the national debates and measures undertaken in each country and to investigate the response of the fascists, who developed a narrative that allowed them to continue to influence the European public sphere.

Mots clés : post 1945 fascism extreme right democratic cultures western european history cold war studies history of the circulation of political ideas freedom of expression militant democracy

Participants :
- Université Paris 8 (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €
Projet HEAT-PV (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The unrestricted supply of energy is one of the main concerns of our society. Due to our continuously growing population and a modern lifestyle that has an insatiable need for energy, an unlimited energy resource is required. Traditional energy generation methods, particularly fossil fuel combustion, have escalated environmental woes through the emission of harmful greenhouse gases, perpetuating pollution and global warming. Transitioning to renewable energy based economy is one of the solutions. One such alternative can come from the Sun. The energy we receive from the Sun is huge; the energy delivered to Earth by the Sun in 1 hour is more than the total world energy consumption in 1 year. To tap this resource, photovoltaic (PV) device cells can be used to convert solar radiation directly into electricity. This research proposal aims to advance antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) PV technology. As an abundant and non-toxic material, Sb2Se3 holds promise as an emerging PV absorber. The initial phase involves synthesizing Sb2Se3 thin films using hybrid reactive magnetron sputtering, focusing on achieving preferentially (hk1)-oriented films by optimizing growth parameters. Further, a cadmium-free contact layer around Sb2Se3 will be developed for efficient charge carrier transport. A significant aspect pertains to comprehending elemental diffusion's role across the Sb2Se3 absorber-contact layer interface, and how it influences PV device efficiency. The ultimate objective is to establish a high-efficiency (≥15%) Sb2Se3 thin-film solar cell, thus advancing sustainable clean energy and contributing to climate change mitigation.

Mots clés : solar cell, chalcogenides, sb2se3, defects

Participants :
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 156778.56 €
Projet MultiTheranostic (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Cancer is a leading cause of death and a major impediment to increasing life expectancy around the globe. Amongst all skin cancers, melanoma is a hard-to-treat disease, owing to its high potential for metastasis, and it remains as one of the most aggressive cancers. Single therapy is not efficient to tackle metastatic melanoma and a combination of therapies is thus emerging as a necessity to efficiently eradicate all cancer cells. Recently, immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), has become a powerful treatment strategy for cancer. Nevertheless, the physical barriers represented by cellular and non-cellular components of the tumour microenvironment combined with immune escape mechanisms of cancer, hamper an efficient tumour infiltration and patients’ responsiveness to ICI therapy. In this context, MultiTheranostic aims to develop theranostic nanoparticles for gene therapy-mediated immune checkpoint silencing and chemotherapy, exploiting the properties of magnetic nanoparticles to induce damage locally on the tumour microenvironment by magnetic hyperthermia (MH). This multimodal theranostic approach, incorporating MRI tracking, is versatile, as it could be also applied to other types of solid tumours. MultiTheranostic objectives are (i) to synthetize and validate a biocompatible magnetic lipid nanoparticle (NPs) incorporating silencing RNA against ICI targets, and chemotherapy (WP1, WP2), (ii) to develop a tissue-engineered (TE) model for screening and monitoring the efficacy of the NPs (WP3), and (ii) to demonstrate the effectiveness of the final drug delivery system as a multimodal theranostic approach for metastatic melanoma (WP4). With MultiTheranostic the researcher will greatly expand her scientific expertise in the fields of nanotechnology and bioengineering, positioning her as a leading independent researcher, contributing to the advancement of nanomedicine in Europe and beyond.

Mots clés : theranostics magnetic nanoparticles chemotherapy gene silencing magnetic hyperthermia combinatorial treatment mri tissue engineered models metastatic melanoma gene based immunotherapy

Participants :
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 172618.56 €
Projet AA-ungulates (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Conserving biodiversity urgently requires the integration of knowledge across ecological-time, -scales and -disciplines. AA-ungulates will fulfil such major ambition, developing an innovative framework joining palaeoecology to evolutionary demography. By extracting invaluable knowledge from millennia of natural history and detailed demographic data, this project will provide advances in predicting species persistence under rapid global changes. Specifically, the project will study 1) the effect of climate and harvest on effective population sizes of Arctic and Alpine ungulates at historical (using subfossil genomics) and 2) contemporary (using genomics and demography) timescales, to 3) project their population viability under credible climate scenarios.  To achieve these novel goals, I propose a pioneering approach linking state-of-the-art genomics from ancient and modern specimens to individual-monitoring programs. To maximize societal impacts, the research focuses on charismatic ungulates sharing histories of hunting-induced bottlenecks and inhabiting biomes warming the fastest on Earth. These unique empirical datasets will allow theoretical advancements by identifying common genetic-to-demography processes, with important insights on how population viability is tied to low genetic diversity.  To undertake this integrative endeavor, a two-way transfer of knowledge will be crucial between the Beneficiary (Université Savoie-Mont Blanc, USMB, France) and I. In G. Yannic’s expert group, I will learn about alpine ecology and paleogenomics and in turn will bring knowledge of arctic ecology and demographic biostatistics. A strong collaborative team from 9 institutions in 4 countries, gathering eminent specialists in key aspects of AA-ungulates, will further enrich my network and skills. The high-quality outputs planned, supplemented by the diverse early-career programs at USMB, will give a springboard to become an independent expert in multiscale evolutionary demography.

Mots clés : ancient dna, capture mark recapture, effective population size, mitogenomes, paleogenomics, population matrix, reproductive success, species viability, subfossil

Participants :
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195914.88 €
Projet SUCCEED (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Focal epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by repeated spontaneous seizures that originate from one or several confined regions. After onset, these seizures often propagate towards networks of regions spread across the brain, negatively affecting whole-brain dynamics and cognitive functioning in these patients. Despite evidence advocating the involvement of subcortical areas in seizure organisation in some patients, the exact mechanisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, I anticipate that multimodal, high resolution characterization of the subcortex using 7 Tesla MRI data provides an important, missing link to enhance our understanding of changes within, and differences between focal epilepsy patients. I will explore this in three aims that focus on network integrity, tissue integrity and disease heterogeneity. Successful completion of the objectives is maximized by a two-way transfer of knowledge by combining my proficiency in quantitative brain mapping and computational neuroimaging with the host’s expertise related to brain network analyses in epilepsy. Together these techniques provide a platform for ‘SUbCortical Characterization to Enhance Epilepsy Differentiation’ (SUCCEED) and will advance the development of non-invasive subcortical biomarkers towards personalized diagnosis and treatment of focal epilepsy. Results will be communicated to the scientific and non-scientific public through scientific publications, conference presentations, via Twitter, workshops and open days. With the host lab situated at the forefront of epilepsy research, it will provide the ideal environment to improve my scientific network, and receive the relevant technical and personal training. Together with the innovative and interdisciplinary nature of the project, this will give me the unique opportunity to mature further towards an independent researcher both during and after the fellowship.

Mots clés : epilepsy, 7t mri, brain connectivity, quantitative imaging

Participants :
- Aix-Marseille Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €