Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet AFFMA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project is concerned with the following three topics in approximation theory and Fourier analysis: 1) Simultaneous approximation of functions and their derivatives in Lp, 0<p<1. We expect to investigate classes of functions and different methods of approximation for which the problem of simultaneous approximation is solvable, and to obtain estimates for the errors of the best approximation of functions and their derivatives for particular methods of approximation in Lp, 0<p<1; 2) New inequalities for moduli of smoothness of functions in Lp, 0<p<1. We expect to find the classes of functions for which the direct and inverse inequalities for moduli of smoothness of functions and their derivatives hold, and to investigate the sharp Ulyanov inequality for different concepts of smoothness; 3) Fourier multipliers and families of multiplier operators in Lp, p>0. We expect to obtain sufficient conditions of the boundedness for such operators in terms of the simultaneous behavior of a multiplier and its derivatives in different functional spaces, and to apply such conditions for solving problems from this proposal. In our approaches we will combine the methods from approximation theory and Fourier analysis simultaneously, contrary to the previous research concerning the mentioned tasks. Moreover, by using and developing the newly introduced concepts of families of multiplier operators in Lp, 0<p<1, we will provide powerful and universal tools for solving the problems of this proposal as well as for further analysis of operators and related questions in the spaces Lp, 0<p<1. Working on the proposed research tasks in the teams of very qualified specialists will allow the experienced researcher to enhance his competence in terms of skills acquisition through advanced training, international and intersectoral mobility, to develop a long-lasting research cooperation and to increase the impact of his future activities on European and Ukrainian society.

Mots clés : simultaneous approximation, moduli of smoothness, lp spaces, 0 p 1, fourier multipliers

Participants :
- University of Lübeck (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet GRACE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project uses data-led grassroots citizen science as a lens through which to consider actual and pending shifts in the governance of pressing global issues. Combining methods in Science and Technology Studies and Policy Analysis, it discerns how grassroots citizen scientists in three world regions (East Asia, Western Europe, Central Africa) mobilize new data devices and technologies to tackle environmental threats emanating from public concerns over environmental radiation, air pollution, and climate change. Recognizing that these complex, interdependent problems require a multi-stakeholder approach, it analyzes and compares how grassroots citizen data practices are received by local and global rules-based democratic and market institutions, including public authorities, research communities, businesses, mass media, and educational organizations. With concerned stakeholders, it addresses the tensions and pitfalls that emerge in these processes, as citizens create and value environmental data distinct from official institutional approaches. Its findings serve to incite collective learning about these tensions with the aim of facilitating mutually responsive environmental data governance. The project builds on the fellow’s research on citizen science in post-Fukushima Japan and his expertise in public engagement with new and emerging technologies. It will be carried out in close collaboration with Professor of Sociology Jennifer Gabrys (University of Cambridge), who is a leading expert in environmental sociology, digital technologies, and citizen participation.

Mots clés : citizen science, data, digital participation, environment, grassroots, multi stakeholder governance

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet JUSECON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research project will explore the Greek debt and austerity crisis to consider what it discloses about the influence of European political economy on the principles and practices of legal rights, and with what implications. The term ‘legal rights’ in this work includes human rights as well as the international rights of states and these respective approaches underpin the two component parts of this study. This is a multidisciplinary study that assumes the validity of law as a means of advancing the cause of justice, but recognises that it is shaped in important ways by other dominant narratives. This study is an exploration of that clash of narratives and its effects on justice in Europe. The first part of this research project is animated by the idea of ‘social rights as fiscal risks’, an idea that finds expression in the latest Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of August 2015 between the international creditors and Greece. In exploring the means through which human rights safeguards are being made to disappear under fiscal targets, a case study on the influence of austerity reasoning on what constitutes the public interest as a human rights concept will form part of the first section of the project. The second part of this research project will explore the legality of the bailout agreement when measured against the principle of economic self-determination. A preliminary review of the same MoU would seem to offend any reasonable form of economic self-determination, a principle with a long pedigree in international law and demands by states of sovereignty over their economic affairs. Taken together, the two studies will expose ways in which rights are being shaped by the intellectual justifications, logic and practice of economic and financial policy as played out under the European crisis of debt and austerity.

Mots clés : international human rights law, public international law, social rights, economic self determination, greece, europe, austerity, debt, economics and finance

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 86238.6 €
Projet PVF-AG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This research seeks to reconstruct personal experiences of poverty and socio-economic vulnerability at the family level ̶ focusing particularly on women and girls ̶ in classical and post-classical Athens (5th -3rd cs. BCE). The aim is thus to provide the first systematic, contextualised and holistic view of the structural and cultural nature of these interrelated phenomena for the Greek world and to examine their impact on the lived experience of the women and girls of that time. The achievement of this general aim will involve approaching poverty and vulnerability in the aforementioned framework from a multidisciplinary and dynamic view, considering diverse historiographic approaches and postulates, different type of ancient sources, as well as the incorporation of sociological and anthropological methods into historical research. This mixed and innovative insight will not only permit to set a working definition of those phenomena in ancient Athens, but also to identify and analyse the main factors leading up to situations of vulnerability and/or poverty in this period, as well as the resources and strategies available to or developed by the most vulnerable citizens to face their situation and the possible changes over time. The in-depth analysis of these questions will highlight the importance of understanding poverty and poverty-related vulnerability as a socially and culturally constructed categories and, consequently, how the study of these phenomena can contribute to better understand 5th -3rd cs. BCE Athenian society, but also present time. Addressing how poverty and socio-economic vulnerability have been experienced by different people differently ̶ especially by children and women ̶ in classical and post-classical Athens, while providing us with a more complete picture of Athenian society, may also enable us to recognise trends and responses that are timeless, thus helping to better understand our current world.

Mots clés : classical antiquity, ancient greece, classical athens, postclassical athens, poverty studies, sociology of poverty

Participants :
- Manchester Metropolitan University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet ANTILGBT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research will address the emergence and functioning of social activism directed against LGBT rights, its transnational dimension, and its implications for the theories of liberal democracy. It will do so by exploring anti-LGBT organising in two Balkan states - Croatia and Serbia - where strong campaigns against sexual equality have surfaced in relation to the processes of democratisation and Europeanisation. The project has three key objectives: 1) to produce knowledge about anti-LGBT groups, their activities, and transnational links they have with similar movements in Europe and beyond; 2) to identify and analyse both local and global factors that facilitate the emergence and effectiveness of anti-LGBT organising; and 3) to broaden our theoretical understanding of the interplay between anti-emancipatory movements and the idea of liberal democracy. In order to address these objectives, the research will combine different disciplinary approaches - political sociology, political theory, and gender and sexuality studies. It will draw on diverse sets of qualitative data including media reports, materials produced by activists against LGBT rights, in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, and legal and policy documents. Through the research, the fellow will acquire an extensive knowledge of the theories of democracy, liberalism, and pluralism, which will familiarise her with different approaches to governing social diversity. This new theoretical knowledge, together with the empirical insights into anti-LGBT movements will not only greatly enhance applicant’s research and teaching capacities, but it will also allow her to engage more directly in the sphere of policy making and the work of NGOs. Thus, this project, together with training in teaching and project management, will expand researcher’s current skills and expertise in a way that will allow her to reach professional maturity and open up a space for new career opportunities.

Mots clés : lgbt rights, anti lgbt organising, liberal democracy, transnational social activism, croatia, serbia

Participants :
- University of Helsinki (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191325.6 €
Projet URPEACE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This study aims to contribute to knowledge about peace-building agency of civilian actors in marginalized social-housing neighborhoods that deal with the consequences of terrorist violence in European cities. The bulk of peace and conflict studies literature has provided insight in the dynamics of violence rather than peace. The innovative character of this study therefore is that it interprets existing and new data on dealing with violence with a novel approach, that of geographies of peace. This approach views peace as an everyday and relational process that is concerned with the building of ever-expanding networks that share life-affirming rather than life destructing values. As a result, peace is always in the making and in interaction with, rather than opposite to, violence. This innovative approach breaks with the tendency of peace and conflict studies to focus on the Global South, state processes and armed conflict and makes it very relevant for studying initiatives in European cities that deal with the aftermaths of paroxysmal violence. With the guidance of swisspeace, a leading institute in peace studies, research results will be translated to practice-oriented recommendations with the objective of gaining more insight into how policy-makers can integrate urban peacebuilding initiatives of civilian actors in security policy.

Mots clés : peace, fear, agency, peacebuilding, security policy, geographies of peace

Participants :
- Schweizerische friedensstiftung - swisspeace (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 203149.44 €
Projet GGG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This study aims to shed light on the gendered geographies of gentrification. It examines and compares the mutual reconstruction of space and gender in gentrifying neighborhoods in Amsterdam and Istanbul. It employs Henri Lefebvre’s theory of space to shed light on different dimensions (conceived, perceived and lived) of the reconstruction of space and gender during gentrification processes. The research uses a comparative qualitative methodology and combines different data collection methods (in- depth interviews, document analysis, participant observations). With its innovative use of methods and theories across disciplines and its novel focus on production of gender inequalities during gentrification, this research will contribute to the state of the art of urban and gender studies. By doing so, it will not only contribute to the excellence in science but also help increase awareness for gender inequalities, two principles promoted by Horizon 2020 Program.

Mots clés : gender, gentrification, production of space, comparative urbanism, amsterdam, istanbul

Participants :
- University of Leicester (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet SHIPWORM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This transregional and interdisciplinary research proposal analyses the impact of the shipworm epidemic on coastal societies along the North Sea in the eighteenth century. The shipworm is a mollusc that scavenges floating or submerged wood in a marine environment. Lodged in the wooden hulls of returning East Indiamen, the shipworm was brought to Europe around 1730. Within a few years the shipworm had destroyed man-made wooden structures all along the North Sea coast. North-Western Europe faced an ecological disaster; the Low Countries were on the brink of flooding as the shipworms destroyed the wooden dikes, expensive harbour infrastructure was damaged beyond repair and numerous ships had to receive new hulls in order to keep afloat. The implemented solutions and reforms to minimise the shipworm’s effects were manifold and often had far reaching consequences. As such the shipworm’s societal impact was wide-ranged, as it spawned – to name a few examples – religious fanaticism resulting in mass executions of homosexuals in the Dutch Republic, political reforms in the Southern Netherlands, scientific interest in marine biology, a new international balance of power and innovative techniques in ship hull optimisation. This study is based on archival research and on an interdisciplinary approach in collaboration with marine biologists and hydrodynamic engineers. This approach determines the degree of innovation in shipping and its resulting economic efficiency. Boards representing copper sheathed, tar coated and uncoated ship hulls will be contaminated with shipworms and subsequently tested in a towing tank to measure the ships’ water resistance. The shipworm epidemic was an environmental crisis that had a large impact on the North Sea area. Through analysing several case-studies this research aims to show how and why these societies reacted as they did, why some ended up in deadlock and why others were able to turn the tide and profit from this crisis through innovation.

Mots clés : maritime history, environmental history, north sea, harbours, baltic trade

Participants :
- Université de Brest (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet TOPOZOO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This two-year project aims at exploiting both the intrinsic robustness and wide diversity of topological structures that naturally appear in soft condensed matter systems such as liquid crystals in order to fabricate advanced materials, possibly reconfigurable, towards emerging photonics applications such as high-dimensional data storage and topological shaping of light at small scale. Our proposal basically relies on the use of geometrically confined chiral nematic liquid crystals that have been theoretically predicted to exhibit a rich variety of distinct metastable topological defects. Our ambition is to establish the related experimental foundations, to develop techniques for on-demand reconfiguration the generated topological structures, and to bring proof-of-principle of a few applications that we foresee. To this aim, the project will focus on one of the simplest case, namely the case of spherical microscopic droplets. The required scientific expertise and experimental facilities for successful completion of the project mainly cover the physics of liquid crystals defects, field-induced reorientation of liquid crystals and the topology of light fields. This will be ensured by the long-standing experience of the Supervisor as well as broad experimental capacities of the host group whereas present skills of the Researcher in the physics of liquid crystals and molecular photochemistry in confined media guarantee an efficient start of the project. Since the research topics of this proposal are encompassed in the global scientific policy of the host University, this project offers a unique opportunity to initiate perennial cooperation between the Researcher the host University. The successful implementation of the project will therefore be beneficial both to Supervisor’s research group and to Researcher’s career, who aims at obtaining a permanent position and eventually leading her own research group.

Mots clés : liquid crystal defects, field induced reorientation of liquid crystals, light matter interaction, optical singularities

Participants :
- Université de Bordeaux (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet DUF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Thousands of hectares of forest lands are lost to wildfires every year. Utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is an efficient tool for fighting fires, however the state-of-the-art techniques lack in ability to predict fire spread direction and coordinate multiple UAVs to suppress the fire under limited communication. DUF project aims to apply powerful tools from artificial intelligence domain to UAV firefighting problem, creating an innovative solution for autonomous firefighting, which will reduce the amount of lands lost to fires. DUF will use the deep learning techniques for estimating the fire spread direction from infrared camera streams obtained from UAVs. Deep learning is a mature technology for classical image recognition, but the use of deep learning to learn predictive models for fire spread is a novel approach. After the model is learned, a decentralized approximate dynamic planning algorithm will be utilized to coordinate UAV actions for suppressing the fire. The algorithm development, simulations and first phase of the flight experiments will be conducted at Istanbul Technical University (ITU) Aerospace Research Center (ARC). The project will conclude with flight tests conducted on natural forest fires, with operational support from Forest of Ministry of Turkey. Prof. Ure earned his Ph.D. degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, working on advanced UAV projects and collaborating with leading researchers in the world. He has extensive experience on autonomous systems and published more than 30 critically acclaimed journal and conference papers in this subject. Prof. Ure is currently working as assistant professor in ITU and through this innovative multidisciplinary research and with the help of experimental infrastructure provided by the ITU, Prof. Ure is expected to gain maturity in managing research projects and advance his career toward being an esteemed professor in the field of aeronautics and artificial intelligence in Europe.

Mots clés : multi uav systems, forest firefightging

Participants :
- Istanbul Technical University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 145845.6 €
Projet HOPES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Threatened by climate change, mankind is facing increasing demands for energy (generation, conversion, and storage) solutions to meet societal needs in a globalized economy. Energy and cost-efficient sustainable batteries will be instrumental in reaching climate-neutral (EU) continent by 2050 and UN SDG N°7 objectives by storing intermittent energy resources and enabling a green transport revolution. To address these grand challenges, the project HOPES targets safer-by-design self-healing All-Solid-State Alkali Metal Batteries (ASSAMBs), thus implementing a paradigm shift going beyond the ubiquitous Lithium-ion Battery (LiB) technology. Taking Lithium Metal Batteries (LMBs) as a post-LiB blueprint for ASSAMBs, Solid-State Hybrid Electrolytes (SSHEs) will be developed through a circular chemistry approach to enable LMBs, facilitating their inception onto the market. Within HOPES, we will i) develop mechanically, thermally, electrochemically tough self-healable and recyclable SSHEs through the colloidal self-assembly of nanosized building blocks consisting of inorganic core and end-group (vitrimer functionality)-functionalized Li+ conducting polycarbonate shell: Hairy NanoParticles (HNPs), and ii) establish multi-scale structure/property correlations with advanced characterization techniques at HNP, SSHE, and LMB levels, including synchrotron-based in situ and operando characterizations on operating LMBs. Depolymerization of HNP’s organic shell will trigger the disassembly of SSHEs, thereby authorizing the recovery & reuse of inorganic NP cores and (bio-based/sourced) cyclocarbonate monomers, but also the recycling & reuse of (NMC811) cathode and Li° anode to secure critical/strategic minerals and metals in EU. In line with roadmaps of the FET-Flagship Battery 2030+ initiative & EBA250, HOPES will act as a springboard to realize ambitions and objectives of the EU Green Deal, thus contributing to position EU as a major research player and battery manufacturer by 2030.

Mots clés : functional soft matter, colloidal self assembly, circular chemistry, all solid state alkali metal anode batteries, multiscale in situ and operando characterizations, ionic transport, nanoionics

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 196707.84 €