Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ORSETOSY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop a new, highly enantioselective, state-of-the-art synthetic route to the madangamine alkaloids B, C and E based on a novel organocatalytic desymmetrization reaction as a key step, which will allow the rapid and efficient construction of the BC rings ready for subsequent advancement to the majority of the family members. Evaluation of the anti-cancer biological activity of the different madangamines and late stage intermediates will be carried out. This Fellowship project combines total synthesis, new asymmetric methodology development via organocatalysis and biological evaluation. It has been designed to augment and complement the research and transferable skills sets of the Marie Curie fellow, and will greatly enhance his career prospects accordingly. Through the training and the research results arising, the Fellowship will be beneficial to the fellow, the host institution and European science.

Mots clés : organocatalysis, total synthesis, anti cancer activity, computational calculations

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet Queer Muslim Spaces (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop an intersectional approach to the study of queer asylum in Europe focussing on the experiences of people from a Muslim background. Muslim queer, trans, and intersex (LGBTQI) refugees are among the least visible and most marginalized constituents within Germany’s asylum system. This is despite the EU classifying LGBTQI refugees as a social group in need of special protection in 2011. Heteronormative and homonormative immigration and asylum policies combined with the global and domestic war on terror perpetuate the insecurity of Muslim LGBTQI refugees and asylum seekers in Europe. Migration and gender studies, however, largely ignore the intersectionality of queerness, Islam, and the securitization of migration and of the few studies that concentrate on queer migration in continental Europe and none are on Germany. This project will provide new empirical insights into the experiences of LGBTQI asylum seekers with Muslim background. Drawing on the theory of intersectionality, it will enhance our understanding of how both hetero- and homonormativity in Germany’s asylum system, i.e. the ‘protection’ and production of trans and queer asylum seekers, is tied to institutional and societal expectations of sexuality and Islam. In this way the study will map how homo- and heteronormative asylum practices and laws create temporal socio-political spaces where rightlessness and rightfulness meet and converge. Methods will include: semi-structured interviews with LGBTQI Muslim asylum seekers police, immigration officials, LGBTQI activists, and LGBTQI organizations; legal and discourse analysis; non-participant observation, and case studies. The project will use the data and analysis to propose strategies that will help the European Commission, and state and non-state actors to develop policies and politics based on a better understanding of the wide range of experiences of Muslim LGBTQI asylum seekers.

Mots clés : asylum laws, queerness, islam, war on terror, germany, migration, race

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet ROFiDMS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will develop novel topology optimization (TO) methods for the design of multi-scale lattice structures built using additive manufacturing (AM) from porous materials to achieve multiple performance criteria (e.g. stiffness and strength, mass and safety factors, static and dynamic performance). To this end, an intelligent lightweight design concept which combines a novel non-probabilistic reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) framework and efficient solution algorithms, will be developed for integrated material-structure design (IMSD). The action will, for the first time, address a number of technical challenges in the integrated RBTO design of multi-scale lattice structures manufactured from porous materials, (e.g. accurate evaluation of the mechanical properties of high-porosity microstructures incorporating uncertainties, dynamic reliability prediction of multi-scale lattice structures, and non-probabilistic reliability-based design strategies). The applicant, working with the team at CU will deliver internationally recognized knowledge and techniques in the research field of IMSD

Mots clés : uncertainty, reliability based topology optimization, integrated material structure design, non probabilistic reliability, additive manufacturing

Participants :
- Cardiff University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet DSGE-RD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will estimate a DSGE model with rare disasters using data from the Great Recession. Previous studies on rare disasters have been confined mainly to endowment economies. Extensions to production economies (business cycle models) have been limited. In particular, DSGE models with rare disasters have not been estimated before. The main obstacle is computational, as these models are very difficult to solve. In a recent paper with Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde we have shown that the computational problem can be resolved by a new solution method called "Taylor Projection", which is derived in my paper Levintal (2016). This method is able to solve large DSGE models with rare disasters in a few seconds only. This opens up the possibility of estimating rich DSGE models with rare disasters and conducting policy analysis. The project will implement the new "Taylor Projection" method to solve and estimate a DSGE model with rare disasters for the period of the Great Recession. This will require to extend the current solution method to allow for a ZLB constraint on the interest rate and for Markov-switching parameters, as described in the proposal. An estimated model with rare disasters may help to explain the extraordinary dynamics of the Great Recession. We conjecture that the interaction of a big macroeconomic shock (disaster shock) with the ZLB constraint played a significant role in the recession. The question is what kind of a shock generated the recession. Was it a permanent drop in long term growth, as suggested by the "Secular Stagnation" hypothesis of Summers (2014)? or an uncertainty shock that increased the demand for safe assets, in line with the "Safe Assets" view of Caballero and Farhi (2014)? or a combination of both? The proposed project will shed light on these questions by studying the Great Recession through an estimated DSGE model with rare disasters.

Mots clés : dsge models, computational macro, nonlinear models

Participants :
- Reichman University (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 263385.0 €
- University of Pennsylvania (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MASHQI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will examine the manuscripts of a biography of the Prophet Muhammad (d. ca. 632), written by the Maliki jurist Qadi ‘Iyad (d. 1149), in order to elucidate the historical context of the work’s enduring popularity with Muslim readers. The Kitab al-shifa’ fi ta‘rif huquq al-Mustafa (The book of healing concerning the recognition of the true facts about the chosen one) circulated widely both inside and outside the Islamic West. A large number of manuscripts, written between the 13th and the early 20th century, are known to be extant, but no autograph has been preserved. The project will approach the work’s manuscripts as material evidence for how readers engaged with the text and for how their interpretation evolved over time. Drawing on the methodologies of codicology and critical bibliography, as developed by literary critics and cultural historians for research on Medieval and Renaissance Europe, the manuscript analysis will document changing modes of production, transmission and reading. In order to advance the integration of Digital Humanities into Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, Open Source tools will be employed to map the circulation of al-Shifa’ copies. Since Qadi ‘Iyad is one of the authorities of Maliki Islam in North Africa, the research will be conducted at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) in Madrid under the supervision of Prof. Maribel Fierro, an international authority of the history of the Islamic West. The results will be published as an interpretative study, accompanied by a database of al-Shifa’ copies and a visualization of their circulation; the three parts will be available Open Access on the CSIC website. Analyzing the material evidence preserved by al-Shifa’ copies will provide major new insights into Muslim approaches to the veneration of the Prophet Muhammad since the Middle Ages, thereby refocusing the discussion of whether in Islam religious education stands in the way of progress and modernization.

Mots clés : iberia, al andalus, north africa, sunni islam, malikism, sufism, prophet muhammad, sirat al nabi, hagiography, hadith, islamic manuscript, codicology, book history, reception studies, arabic

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet ERARD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will examine whether deficient emotion regulation (ER) in response to interpersonal events is a vulnerability factor for MDD First, we will examine whether, compared to controls, at-risk individuals (a) respond to criticism with higher negative affect (NA), greater activation in brain areas related to NA, and less activation in brain areas related to ER, and (b) respond to praise with lower positive affect (PA) and less activation in brain areas related to experiencing pleasure. Second, using experience sampling methods (ESM), we will examine whether, compared to controls, at-risk individuals (a) respond to negative interpersonal events with higher NA and deficient ER strategies, and (b) respond to positive interpersonal events with lower PA and deficient ER strategies. Then, we will examine whether neural activation in response to interpersonal stimuli in the lab predicts affective responses to everyday interpersonal experiences. Finally, gender differences will be assessed. The sample will include 50 children of mothers with a history of MDD and a control group of 50 children of never-disordered mothers. In the first lab visit participants will complete a diagnostic interview. In the second lab visit participants will complete questionnaires assessing depression and ER strategies, an fMRI scan while listening to a recording of critical remark and praising remarks from one’s mother. Finally, they will receive training in the computerized experience-sampling diary. The diary electronic device will prompt participants 4 times a day for 14 days and will assess daily positive and negative interpersonal events, mood, and ER strategies. The examination of deficient ER in response to interpersonal events as a vulnerability factor for depression development is innovative and important. The combination of neuroimaging with ESM is a unique opportunity to translate lab findings to everyday life.

Mots clés : depression, emotion regulation, adolescents, personal relationships

Participants :
- Yale University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Tel Aviv University (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 263385.0 €
Projet CHIBRIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will focus on changing ideas about childhood in Turkey and in Britain in the late twentieth century, an era characterised with the erosion of traditional safety nets, increased inequality, and social insecurity. Based on a comparative critical discourse analysis of the news coverage of children in selected national newspapers and using theoretical frameworks from childhood studies, the project will discuss how the actual transformations of childhood have translated into ideas about childhood, and analyse how these were reflected, shaped, and diffused by the news media in each country. Which social, political, cultural, and demographic changes brought by the 1980s and the 1990s were given a prominent place in the public agenda? Who were the idealised children included in the category of childhood, and who were the outcasts that did not fit this ideal? How were concepts such as children’s culpability, parental liabilities, and social responsibilities to children negotiated? In addressing these research questions, the objectives of this project are to compare the conceptualisations of childhood in these distinct examples, investigate the distinctive characteristics of “new childhood” paradigms, map shared patterns that cut across and travel through contextual and local differences. To achieve that, this research project proposes to analyse the idea of childhood within a framework of social and historical change in the wider sense. Such an intersectional and relational lens allows us to make sense of different childhoods, comprehend not only their plurality but also their shared origins, and illuminate not only the diverse ideas about childhood, but also the common discourses that frame them. The investigation of these ideas and discourses within a comparative frame of analysis has the potential to culminate in an original contribution to the literature on the manifestations of shared global processes in specific localities.

Mots clés : childhood studies, sociology of childhood, distinction, discrimination, inequality, social change, neoliberalism, turkey, britain, 1980s, 1990s, new right, newspapers

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet XXQCD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will investigate the newly observed and poorly-understood `XYZ' resonances seen in the spectrum of charmonium resonances around the open-charm threshold. These states are difficult to explain in a simple quark model and a full understanding of their nature requires lattice quantum chromodynamics to provide an ab-initio framework. One important candidate to describe some of these states is a tetraquark configuration of a bound charm quark and anti-quark coupled non-trivially to a light quark and anti-quark. The technical expertise to perform these lattice calculations has only recently been developed and it will be tested and extended in this collaborative project by combining the expertise of the fellow and the PI. To understand the nature of unstable states at thresholds for strong decays requires the lattice calculation of multi-meson states interacting in finite volume and analysed using the Luescher method, extended to include coupled-channel scattering amplitudes. These new techniques, pioneered by the fellow will be applied for the first time to study charmed mesons in D-Dbar and Ds-Dsbar scattering in the energy range relevant for studies of the mysterious XYZ resonances.

Mots clés : hadron physics, exotic mesons, resonances, lattice qcd, coupled channel scattering

Participants :
- Trinity College Dublin (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175866.0 €
Projet PARALLEL LIVES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project will investigate the relationship between economic development and global trade in the twentieth century. It will explore the connection between two alternatives to neoliberalism posed in the second half of the twentieth century: Soviet economic thinking and “dependency theory”, the predominantly Latin American approach that stressed the structural inequality between a rich “core” and a poor “periphery” of countries. The project will interrogate the intellectual and practical connections between the two, exploring the influence of Soviet economic thinking on some of the most influential thinkers on dependency and development. In particular, this proposed project will look at the debate in the USSR on the idea of “backwardness”, which socialism was supposed to overcome, and its impact on two of the founding fathers of dependency theory, the Argentinian Raúl Prebisch and the Brazilian Celso Furtado. Moreover, the project will investigate the significance of this transnational exchange of ideas for the development of global trade policy through two organizations that pushed for trade reform: the Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The overarching argument is that dependency theory, both as an abstract concept and as a policy embodied by ECLA and UNCTAD, borrowed and re-elaborated many key ideas from the socialist tradition, through the mediation of Soviet texts and Soviet participation in international debates. The project will add a new crucial dimension to European research on the international circulation of economic ideas, which currently still lags behind the US in this field. Moreover, the proposed research will offer precious insights on the management of global and regional trade, an area especially relevant to European policy in the age of Brexit and the Trump presidency.

Mots clés : soviet union, latin america, dependency theory, backwardness, economic development, economic growth, united nations, global trade

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251002.56 €
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet VITAL-ISE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

This project will investigate vital new approaches to preparation of ion sensors that will alleviate problems associated with chemical measurements in clinical chemistry and environmental monitoring. Two years of this fellowship will be spent in Australia and one year in Ireland, undergoing two-way transfers of knowledge. Secondments to industry relevant to ion sensor development and manufacture will be undertaken. Stable, robust sensor devices that employ new solid state contact materials incorporated within user-friendly microfluidic devices will be achieved. Such devices are needed to improve critical care and biomedical diagnostics as well as ensuring safe water around the world. The specific goals of this project are to synthesise a range of new redox materials that are designed as solid contacts in ion sensors, to evaluate the performance of such sensors in clinical and environmental settings, and to integrate such sensors into multi-channel microfluidic systems to achieve in-field robust measurements. The new sensor systems of this project will provide vital improvements in reliable ion sensing capabilities.

Mots clés : chemical sensors, electroanalysis, redox materials

Participants :
- Curtin University (Australie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 263768.64 €
Projet WINDOWGLASSMED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project will open a new window onto trade and contact in Early Medieval western Europe, applying multidisciplinary research methods to well-dated samples of glass to investigate its production, trade, and recycling from the 7th to the 10th centuries AD. Historical research at one of the leading centres for the study of the Early Medieval period will be paired with cutting-edge scientific analysis, allowing the first detailed mapping of the changing production technologies of glass in this period, the trade routes followed by different glass ‘recipes’, and the social and economic factors influencing practices such as recycling. While the chemical and isotopic analysis of glass is already used as a proxy for questions of trade and contact, the data currently available for this period are sporadic, with many samples coming from poorly-dated archaeological contexts. This is a vital period in the history of glass production, witnessing a major compositional transition from the use of natron to plant ashes in its manufacture, but the timing of this technological change – and its relationship with Early Medieval recycling practice – cannot be understood without better temporal resolution than is currently available. This project seeks to resolve these concerns by focusing upon closely-dated samples of glass from several western European countries (Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Italy, and Spain), and by combining chemical analysis with archaeological and historiographical approaches. In tandem with the Digital Atlas of Roman and Medieval Civilisations (DARMC), Harvard University, this project will be hosted by the glass research group at Newcastle University (led by Duckworth), which has a particular focus on analytical chemistry and the investigation of recycling, and its results will feed into broader understanding of the development of the European economy after the Roman period.

Mots clés : glass medieval trade technology analysis western europe

Participants :
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Newcastle University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 271732.8 €