Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Females experience 3 times more migraine attacks than males, with menstrual migraine affecting 60% of these females. They occur before or during menses and are associated with oestrogen (E2) withdrawal, dramatically affecting a patients quality of life. Menstrual migraines are poorly understood, limiting novel treatment strategy discovery. Recently, I demonstrated that E2 withdrawal increases the function and forward membrane trafficking of specific potassium channels (Kv7) in systemic arteries. If present within the cerebrovascular system, E2 withdrawal will increase sensitivity to endogenous migraine-inducing vasodilators, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), contributing to migraine onset.  This project is split into two objectives. 1.) Investigate oestrus cycle-dependent changes in rodent cerebrovascular reactivity via molecular, functional and electrophysiological techniques, with a focus on E2 mediated changes in Kv7 subcellular trafficking via novel G-protein coupled oestrogen receptor, GPER1. 2.) Translate pre-clinical basic science research generated in objective 1 into a model of mensural migraine. International collaboration with Prof. Geoffrey Abbott at the University of California, Irvine, allows for access to in vivo Hemodynamic Perturbation Monitoring (HPM) and a novel CRISPR/Cas9 Kv7 knockout rat. HPM allows for simultaneous measurement of cerebral blood flow and migraine onset (induced by CGRP). We will investigating if female rats are more susceptible to migraine induction when E2 is low, and and whether they are protected from migraine induction by GPER1 stimulation or Kv7 knockout.  Our project has the potential to reveal novel pathophysiological mechanisms underlying menstrual migraine allowing the development of novel precision treatment strategies. My hosts and I are experts in the field of vascular Kv7 physiology, and are the ideal candidates to carry out this project.

Mots clés : migraine, menstrual migraine, cerebral vasculature, vascular smooth muscle, ion channel, potassium channel, kv7, sex hormone, sex hormone signaling, estrogen, gpcr, gper1

Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet FENRIR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Wolves are an important apex predator species, and their conservation in Europe has been a key concern since their population collapse at the beginning of the 20th century. Increases of wolf population numbers in recent decades provides a positive sign for the viability of this species moving forward, but has also led to the re-emergence of wolf-human conflicts. Thus, maintaining the genetic health and biodiversity of this important natural predator species, whilst minimizing such conflicts remains critical across Europe. In this project, I will investigate the population dynamics and changing genetic makeup of European wolves over the past 200 years. By utilizing a comprehensive next-generation-sequence database of modern (n=927) and historical (n=586) genomes, I aim to implement complex, state-of-the-art analyses to model the fine-scale demographic history, genetic health and dog introgression of European wolves in recent times. By working at the cross section of population genomics, ancient DNA and conservation, this project will provide critical insights into the effects of recent population history events on the genetic makeup of this important predator species. Broad dissemination of the findings of this project to the scientific community, conservation groups and the general public will directly assist in designing targeted management strategies to preserve the biodiversity of European wolves moving into the future. By utilizing one of the largest genomic datasets for a wild animal species to date, the novel methodologies applied in this project will provide a blueprint for future conservation genetics studies in other species.

Mots clés : computational biology, imputation, european wolves, ancient dna, demographic history reconstruction

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet ESICRI (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Social determinants like parental education and household income have an important contribution to the high burden of respiratory infections in children. Children from dissadvantage backgrounds tend to suffer from a higher disease burden than their more advantaged peers and are more likely to experience illness and disability as a result. The pathways through which social determinants influence childhood respiratory infections are complex and inter-related, but in general are driven by differences in exposure and susceptibility to risk factors for respiratory infections that are influenced by the conditions in which children grow up. However, there is surprisingly little evidence in the literature on the mechanisms underlying the association between social inequalities and childhood infections and their interaction with other early-life risk factors (e.g., behaviours, lifestyle, environmental conditions, etc). The purpose of this project is to explore the social, geographic, and cultural patterns, and the pathways that relate social characteristics, early-life risk factors and childhood respiratory infections in order to understand the burden of such infections in children in Europe. Understanding these patterns and pathways is vital to inform preventative policy and help reduce the unequal child health differences through effective public health interventions. The project will use existing data from the EU Child Cohort Network on over 200,000 children from 16 European birth cohorts and a novel open-source infrastructure called DataSHIELD, that allows federated analysis of data from multiple cohorts without the need of sharing the participant level data. The primary goal of the project is to provide crucial insights into the role of social determinants and early-life stressors in childhood respiratory infections with the aim to inform EU policies. The secondary goal is to provide to the research community an open-source tool for federated mediation analysis.

Mots clés : cohort studies, childhood health, federated analysis

Participants :
- Université de Turin (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet UN3 (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the last decade, the "storyline" approach has been introduced and developed in the subfield of attribution and detection in climate studies. In spite of its merits, it has been met with harsh criticism, especially from advocates of probabilistic approaches. The overall aim of UN3 is to explore and exploit the symbiotic relations between the storyline approach and the philosophy of scientific understanding, to foster the legitimation of the former and advance internal philosophical debates in the latter. UN3 is organized into three research work packages with a specific objective. WP1 investigates the "factivity" of storyline-based understanding. Its specific objective is to characterize and evaluate storyline-based scientific understanding, emphasising its complementarities with and divergences from probabilistic understanding, particularly in terms of their factivity. WP2 investigates the "effectiveness" of storyline-based understanding. Its specific objective is to assess the effectiveness/factivity ratio of storyline-based understanding in successful decision-making under deep uncertainty, particularly in terms of informing robust and/or adaptive strategies and exploiting their relations. WP3 investigates the "transdisciplinarity" of storyline-based understanding. Its specific objective is to identify, characterize, and develop transdisciplinary means in which storyline-based understanding may be advanced by local knowledge and, in turn, advance epistemic justice in climate science, particularly in terms of conveying actionable knowledge. The overall methodology is inter- and transdisciplinary, involving theoretical and empirical components, and including collaborations with academic researchers from various centres and with non-academic stakeholders. UN3 will be conducted at Politecnico di Milano with Prof. Giovanni Valente as supervisor and Prof. Massimo Tavoni as co-supervisor. A secondment is planned at TU Delft, with Prof. Behnam Taebi as host.

Mots clés : storylines, scientific understanding, deep uncertainty, scientific representations, decision making, epistemic justice, inter and trans disciplinarity

Participants :
- Université de technologie de Delft (Pays-Bas) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet PHILOGLOSSA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

PHILOGLOSSA aims to provide a critical reassessment and analysis of the loanwords borrowed into the Ancient Greek language of from the prehistoric languages early Greek speakers encountered in the Bronze Age Aegean. These 'Pre-Hellenic' (or 'Pre-Greek') loanwords have long been recognised to constitute a significant layer in the Greek lexicon, the earliest of which are already present in Mycenaean Greek attested by Linear B documents. Despite the phenomenon being well known, the historical origins and linguistic interpretation of these loanwords have remained controversial, and attempts to explain them as from a single source (as per the interpretational framework of the latest, controversial Etymological Dictionary of Greek [2010, Leiden] by Robert Beekes) has been fraught with methodological problems. PHILOGLOSSA will build an open-access linguistic database to facilitate a fresh analysis of the material that will be conducted as the main research activities of the project. As new archaeogenetic studies have provided new evidence strongly suggesting intensive and sustained social and cultural interaction between the incoming early Greek speakers and the earlier inhabitants of the Aegean, it is of crucial importance to re-evaluate the linguistic evidence for these exchanges preserved in the Ancient Greek language. As such the results of PHILOGLOSSA will be of interest not only to those interested in the history of the Greek language, but also to Indo-European comparative linguists, Aegean prehistorians, archaeologists, and geneticists more broadly.

Mots clés : ancient greek linguistics, loanword studies, indo european studies, linguistic and cultural prehistory, lexicography

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet RETROCHILD (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

RETROCHILD explores the (psychological) impacts of war and other forms of political violence on children (age 0-18) from a historical perspective relying on trauma and resilience as analytical concepts. Temporally, it is focused on the post World War II period (1945–1960). Geographically, it explores what is now the borderland between Italy and Slovenia, but also aims for a global perspective on the phenomena at hand. Its main objectives are to explore how the meanings surrounding the concept of childhood trauma (or resilience) were defined by different actors, ranging from the experts who worked with children affected by political violence to the children themselves and also to uncover the political motivations behind the narratives relating to and the treatment of children who were considered traumatised or psychologically damaged. In order to examine the universalisations related to the meanings and motivations behind these, the project applies a novel “retrograde approach”, which, instead of the events presumably involving psychological distress, develops the analysis from three subsequent examples of social, medical and legal interventions: the first intervention involves orphans and abandoned children (WP1), the second children in psychiatric care (WP2) and the third juvenile delinquents (WP3). RETROCHILD’s unique interlinked focus on interventions within the medical, social and criminal justice systems in the border area will reveal original insights into the nature of the experiences of war and the socialist childhood, as well as the functioning of political power. In addition to questioning the universal (Western) notions of trauma and victimhood, the project will use childhood narratives in a highly contested border region to challenge the conventional divide between socialist and non-socialist (or eastern and western) understandings of social welfare, education and mental illness.

Mots clés : children, trauma, resilience, political violence, post war period, second word war, history of psychiatry, borders

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet Dark Cavities (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The use of large ensembles of two-level atoms (qubits) in cavity QED allows the exploration of collective states with long-range couplings mediated by the electromagnetic field of the cavity. Such systems are interesting quantum sensors and can be used to improve the performance of lasers and atomic clocks in addition to studying fundamental quantum mechanical behaviors. However, this approach limits the possibilities of exploration to collective qubit behavior, whilst much more rich physics can be explored if one allows for the use of multi-level atoms (qudits). In this project I will use cold atoms coupled to optical cavities in order to generate entangled dark collective states in many-level atoms. Such dark collective states can be accessed via superradiant decay and may be used to enhance some quantum sensors. In addition they are of interest to quantum simulations to simulate topological systems and to quantum computation as temporary memories. I will demonstrate the experimental realization of theoretically proposed many-level dark states for quantum simulations and controlled coherence lifetimes.

Mots clés : quantum simulation, quantum sensors

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet emcc (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Mechanical systems are an essential platform for future quantum science and technologies, such as quantum interfaces, sensors and transducers, and for studies of macroscopic quantum physics. The ability to measure and control macroscopic non-classical states is an outstanding challenge. The aim of the proposed research is to obtain the motional non-classical states of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator using quantum measurement and control techniques. The first non-classical state here is a single-phonon Fock state which will be generated by controlling the phonons at a single quantum level. This single-phonon state will be heralded by single photon detection, verified using photon counting statistics, and further reconstructed using state tomography which can completely reveal the non-classicality of the state. The second non-classical state is a squeezed state where either the position or momentum is localized with better precision than the zero-point motion. Achieving the measurement-based preparation of squeezed states requires the usage of quantum measurement techniques, in my case, continuous position measurements with a speed faster than the rate at which noise couples into the position from the momentum.  The experimental demonstrations of the two non-classical states will be performed on millimetre-sized macroscopic membranes with exceptionally high coherence, and even, at temperatures much higher than previous experiments of non-classical nanomechanical oscillators. This will greatly relax the requirements of quantum experiments with macroscopic mechanical systems, and potentially enables new quantum technology at room temperature. The project will pave the way towards advanced quantum state engineering by quantum measurement and control of mechanical motion, building new high-performance quantum devices, and developing and testing potentially transformational new ideas for quantum gravitational decoherence tests and ultraprecise sensing.

Mots clés : optomechanics, quantum measurement, quantum control, quantum optics

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet TUNENALCN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The sodium leak channel (NALCN) is the ion-channel subunit of the NALCN channelosome, additionally containing UNC79, UNC80 and Fam155. NALCN controls the resting membrane potential (RMP) in excitable tissue (e.g. brain and myometrium) by an inward current of positively charged (sodium) ions that depolarizes the cell membrane, sensitizing the cell to excite (activate). NALCN is essential for survival. Mutations in the NALCN channelosome cause loss- or gain of function of NALCN currents which result in severe developmental disorders IHPRF and CLIFAHDD. Yet, NALCN channelosome physiology is largely unknown and no selective or specific drug-like compounds targeting the NALCN channelosome exist.  I propose the objectives: I) to characterize regulation of the NALCN channelosome by endogenous protein partner interactions (PPIs), and II) to identify and characterize de novo designer proteins that modulate NALCN function. I anticipate that this can inform on NALCN physiology and future therapeutic strategies to counteract NALCN loss- or gain of function and other excitability-related disorders.  I will perform the research at Copenhagen University in the lab of Professor Stephan Pless, an expert in the field. Objective I-II build onto novel in silico approaches where the Pless lab has identified PPIs based on protein co-evolution, tissue-co-expression, and disease association; and generated de novo designer proteins designed to bind the NALCN channelosome. I will elucidate the objectives experimentally by utilizing – and expanding – my experience in ion-channel research. In Objective I, I will use i) electrophysiology to study the functional impact of PPIs, ii) immunocytochemistry to interrogate sub-cellular localization and trafficking, and iii) biochemistry to determine direct interactions. In Objective II, I will perform electrophysiology on NALCN channelosome-expressing HEK cells and iPSC-derived neurons to find de novo designer proteins that inhibit or potentiate NALCN.

Mots clés : ion channels, electrophysiology, de novo designer protein binders, pharmacology, cell biology, membrane protein regulation

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 247553.28 €
Projet UltraThick Las (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposal aims to improve the electrochemical power performance of NMC based generation 3b batteries through the development of ultra-thick electrodes. This will be done through the following objectives:  1.) Increased power performance in ultra-thick-film electrodes through the development of 3D electrode architectures 2.) Correlation of lithium-ion diffusion characteristics with 3D electrode architectures and related electrochemical performances through simple modeling via Penetration Depth Model (PDM) 3.) Establishment of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as complementary methods for identification of lithium-diffusion pathways in 3D electrodes 4.) Realization of optimized 3D electrode architectures for anodes and cathodes prepared with environmentally friendly water-based slurries.  This will be done through a multi-discipline approach that involves the following techniques and principles: laser based ablation, ablated materials recycling, water based formulation, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Penetration Depth Model. Laser ablation will be used to fabricate 3D microstructures in ultra-thick NMC (nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide) based electrodes to increase the electrode porosity and help attain optimum cell power density of upto 209 Wh/kg at 2C cycling. The optimization of the 3D ablation patterns will be done through the correlating the electrode's power performance with its diffusion coefficient (determined via NMR imaging), electrode parameters and effective porosity via the PDM. Water based slurry formulation and ablated materials recycling will be done in conjunction to decrease production cost and allow laser ablation processing for electrodes closer to "demonstration pilot level" (TRL 5-6). Upon success of the project, NMC based generation 3b batteries can be realized for electric vehicle applications and we could reach on of the goals stated in Horizon 2021's Work Program.

Mots clés : battery, ultrathick electrodes, laser ablation, nucleic tagging, imaging nmr, fast charging, 3d electrode architecture

Participants :
- Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €