Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PSEUDOPIN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Pseudouridine (Ψ) is abundant in major classes of non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and spliceosomal RNAs. The Watson-Crick base pairing potential of Ψ is identical to that of uridine, but Ψ may stabilize RNA structures and engage in RNA interactions distinct from those of uridine, probably explaining its requirement for cellular viability. In addition to the many constitutive Ψ-sites in major ncRNAs, recent reports have uncovered Ψ induced by specific stimuli or present in specific cell types, in rare cases with demonstrated importance for cellular translation and splicing patterns. Nonetheless, the full extent of occurrence and regulatory consequences of induced pseudouridylation remain unknown, highlighting the outstanding potential for discovery on this topic. PSEUDOPIN builds on my observation that the gene encoding PseudoUridine Synthase PUS5 in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits mRNA isoform switching upon immune receptor activation: in growing seedlings, PUS5 encodes an organellar enzyme, but immune receptor activation induces transcription initiation at a downstream site to exclude the organellar target peptide from the PUS5 protein, thus giving rise to a nucleo-cytoplasmic enzyme. Two questions are being investigated here: (i) can we identify PUS5-dependent Ψ-sites upon immune receptor activation, and (ii) can we define functions of selected induced Ψ-sites in the growth-to-defense genetic reprogramming? PSEUDOPIN uses state-of-the-art sequencing methods, including direct RNA sequencing technology, to systematically map Ψ in major RNA classes after immune receptor stimulation. It also lays out strategies to select and study particularly interesting cases. The topic remains completely uninvestigated in plants, so the project promises to break open a new research field within plant gene expression, and thereby provide material to start an independent research career following successful completion of the fellowship.

Mots clés : rna, epitranscriptomic, nucleotide modification, pseudouridine, plant innate immunity, srnas, pus

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet UrBorder (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

At a time when migration is increasing, many EU countries still struggle with fully accepting migrants and other minorities. In this context, increasingly, member states introduce laws and regulations that police borders and reinforce social boundaries, and as a result, undermine the idea of liberal democracy. These practices, often labelled b/ordering, constitute attempts to control and order the ‘unknown’ or ‘undesired’ subjects. While much literature has dealt with this, it remains understudied how b/ordering works in and through urban planning and housing. The proposed project addresses this lacuna through an interdisciplinary analysis of such a practice of urban b/ordering: the Ghetto Package in Denmark, i.e. a set of laws implemented to break up migrant ‘parallel societies’ and enforce social mix. The proposed project further develops existing studies dealing with b/ordering by linking three scientific strands of literature: anthropological criminology, urban studies and migration. Methodologically, it will rely on participant observation, focus groups, life-histories, and semi-structured interviews in two different housing areas affected by the Ghetto Package in Denmark. This way, it will complement the existing analyses on the normative and discursive elements of b/ordering with an ethnographic account of its implementation and social and political consequences. Likewise, focusing on an iconic liberal democracy like Denmark will elicit knowledge on potential societal effects regarding citizenship and belonging in the EU. Academically, the project will benefit from the placement at the University of Copenhagen, the prominent research centre, the Centre for Global Criminology, and a Secondment at the inspiring research environment at the Amsterdam Institute for Social Sciences Research, University of Amsterdam.

Mots clés : bordering borders boundaries spatialization and materialization of power

Participants :
- Université d'Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet mirSKIN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by dry, scaly, and itchy skin. An important part of the immune response to contact allergens is local memory, which is mediated through specialized cells called resident memory T (TRM) cells. However, the mechanisms involved in the generation and maintenance of the allergen-induced TRM cells in the skin still need to be determined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that regulate the expression of a large number of genes on a post-transcriptional level. This project aims to clarify what miRNAs are important for the generation and maintenance of epidermal TRM cells in a mouse model of ACD and patients with ACD. In this current project, we plan to use state-of-the-art methods that have been unavailable to me previously, including NanoString and single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the miRNA and mRNA data together with functional assays to validate the findings from both mice and human data. The current project will expand the knowledge of miRNA expression in ACD and thereby lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the development of ACD leading to possible new treatment strategies. During this project, I will grow as an independent researcher as in my previous projects I focused on keratinocytes in the context of skin inflammation, and to establish a comprehensive understanding of skin diseases it would be essential to learn in deeper detail about the role of T cells in the context of skin. Therefore this project would complement my current education and help me develop my career. Under the guidance of prof Bonefeld, I would develop as an independent researcher and she would be a good female role model to an emerging young scientist.

Mots clés : allergic contact dermatitis, epidermal resident memory t cells, microrna, skin inflammation

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet PiloSyn (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Pilocarpine is a plant-derived alkaloid used to treat primary angle closure glaucoma and dry mouth. To meet the commercial demand for pilocarpine, the alkaloid is extracted from wild Pilocarpus plants in the Amazon rainforest. Excessive harvesting of wild populations has led to the official listing of several Pilocarpus species as threatened. Synthetic biology offers a sustainable approach for pilocarpine production. However, to produce the compound in heterologous hosts such as yeast, the biosynthesis pathway of pilocarpine needs to be elucidated first. In PiloSyn, I aim to unravel the natural biosynthesis pathway of pilocarpine, which is currently completely unknown. My host group recently obtained transcriptomics and metabolomics data sets of two Pilocarpus species, and these will serve as the basis of the project. As several pathway options are conceivable for pilocarpine biosynthesis, I will first reduce the number of options by identifying the metabolic precursors of the pathway and by obtaining structural and spatial information about possible pathway intermediates. Then, using the transcriptomics data sets, I will identify the enzymes that catalyze each of the pathway reactions. For this, I will use a learning-by-constructing approach in transiently transformed leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. The results of PiloSyn can be used to establish a cheap and sustainable pilocarpine source in a heterologous host. This will eliminate the need to harvest wild Pilocarpus plants, thus is preventing their extinction and protecting the fragile ecosystem of the Amazon rainforest. Through PiloSyn, I will expand my knowledge on enzyme discovery and pathway elucidation and receive valuable training to become an independent and mature researcher in plant metabolism.

Mots clés : plant metabolite biosynthesis pathway elucidation, pathway reconstruction

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet REFUSE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Anti-materialism is the most pervasive popular assumption about Buddhism that obscures Buddhism’s material presence and its environmental impacts. Problematising such moulds, this ethnographic project will demonstrate how Buddhist materiality drives Buddhist circular economies, rooted in practices of merit-making and inherited ritual labour. By tracing Buddhist objects’ biographies and illuminating the circular nature of Buddhist material exchanges, I investigate how things given to local temples generate excess and abandonment practices in contemporary post-growth Japan. Through histories of these objects and their relations, I uncover how demographic hyper-ageing, regional depopulation, and changing consumption patterns inform and disrupt Buddhist material exchanges: how family altars and other personal ritual items, as well as meritorious food, land and object donations get caught up in discard, disposal, and reuse cycles and what emotional, ethical, practical, and spiritual implications ensue. As such, I will illuminate how Buddhist practices for processing accumulation and abandonment of Buddhist gifts are key to understanding contemporary Buddhism, and the wider issues of consumption, recycling, and aspirational non-waste economies they inhabit. I will therefore consider Buddhist giving as forces that generate and handle excess/abandonment that challenge the viability of the circular economy ideal by producing waste. Global concern about waste continues to rise: this research interrogates the waste-making impacts of religious activity and assesseses the spiritual and practical implications of managing religious excess in the world’s fastest ageing society. It complements, and is complemented by, the research at the University of Copenhagen’s Center for Contemporary Buddhist Studies interrogating Buddhist economic entanglements and waste that is created by Buddhist economic exchanges, thus supporting my development as an expert within this critical field.

Mots clés : buddhism and consumption, buddhism and waste, demographic transformations, circular economy, buddhist materiality, excess, japan, affect

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet STATEPERSONIFICATION (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Political thought has always been permeated by personifications. A personification is the graphic or rhetorical representation of an abstract idea as a person. Thanks to the device of personification, notions like liberty, power, the state, and the nation acquire concrete form, as characters in a narrative of real-life events. Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan and France's Marianne are pre-eminent models of European state personifications. These figures expressed an idea of order and civilization in opposition to a common counterpart: savage America. But what if America resisted this characterization? My research delves into that question. It develops a genealogy of the conceptual pair order/disorder expressed through personifications of Europe and America from the 17th to the mid-19th centuries. Furthermore, it innovates by examining an underexplored subject: the original disruption of this opposition by the Argentine thinker Domingo Sarmiento. He constructed a personification of the Argentine state that displayed a highly efficient political order, which I term a "racialized Leviathan". This project primarily adopts the methodology of conceptual history, interpreting texts, symbols, and concepts related to these personifications within their intellectual and historical contexts. It also incorporates insights from postcolonial studies. In addition, it draws on approaches from literary studies and art theory to elaborate a formal definition of the concept of personification, and to explore the way in which works of art articulate ideas. The main breakthroughs of this project are: a) A pioneering historicization of state personifications, hitherto mostly studied in its European formats, but overlooked in its Latin American reception; b) Interdisciplinarity due to the combination of history of political thought, postcolonial studies, literary studies, and art theory; c) The questioning of a pervasive conceptual framework that has associated America with political disorder.

Mots clés : state personifications leviathan marianne sarmiento facundo

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €
Projet TFBIC (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project combines approaches from anthropology and film studies to investigate how the systematic use of audiovisual equipment and techniques has contributed to the creation and consolidation of the position of ‘the filmmaker’ in Brazilian indigenous communities. Designed in collaboration with indigenous filmmakers, it will study three communities from different parts of Brazil, each with different histories and traditions of filmmaking - the Kuikuro, the Maxakali, and the Guajajara. In undertaking these studies, BFIC proposes an expanded and comparative analysis of the filmmaker's consolidation as a new social-political position that holds great prestige alongside traditional roles like the community leader, the health agent, the shaman, and the teacher. Around 90% of Brazilian indigenous communities now have their own filmmaker. They are responsible for transmitting technical audiovisual knowledge to younger generations; for cultural registration; and for disseminating information to mainstream media. However, it is also undeniable that indigenous production has gone beyond the limits of ‘ethnographic film’ and occupies a place in wider cinematographic culture. The filmmaker is therefore central to the exchange of symbolic production, and their work contributes to subverting and decolonising commonly held visual notions of what it is to be indigenous. The open access journal articles and collaborative short film produced by this project will explore the consolidation of the position of ‘filmmaker’ in detail for the first time. Alongside a range of dissemination activities targeted at academics and an interested general public, it will also hold audiovisual workshops in indigenous villages to directly strengthen ties between the Kuikuro, Maxakali and Guajajara communities. In doing so, BFIC will help to reinforce the struggle of indigenous peoples for the right to land, life and the preservation of the environment.

Mots clés : indigenous communities visual anthropology film studies

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195914.88 €
Projet CORE TENET (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project analyzes the Technopolitics of Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) in global climate action. It is a sociological project inspired by interdisciplinary approaches from Science and Technology Studies. NETs should mitigate global heating by removing CO2 from the atmosphere. They not only offset residual emissions to achieve “net-zero” but promise to contribute to “net-negative” emissions by removing enough CO2 from the atmosphere to reduce warming to 1.5 or 2°C after a temperature overshoot. Though many NETs are not yet fully developed, prohibitively costly, and hard to scale up, they already figure prominently in climate scenarios by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This tension between assigned role and current reality of NETs calls for an inquiry that looks at NETs as “socio-technical imaginaries” (Jassanoff) that shape and are shaped by “imagined futures” (Beckert). Drawing on qualitative social research methods, the project will in a first step look at the framing of NETs in climate scenarios and ask if and how they justify the delay of climate action. In a second step, the project will analyze the development of NETs in oil and gas companies. It will ask how NETs allow the companies to envision a future where they can continue their current business model despite stricter climate regulation. The project will thus analyze how the mutual reinforcement between calculative devices (scenarios) and technical devices (NETs) turn NETs into attractive climate action options. The “technopolitics” lens the project adopts stresses that these seemingly innocuous devices embody and effectuate political stances that have significant consequences for the direction of climate politics. This perspective helps to engender a reflexive discussion on NETs that not only narrowly focuses on the cost-efficiency of carbon removal but also on their effectivity for climate mitigation and their potential contribution to questions of equity.

Mots clés : critical theory technopolitics climate change environmental sociology politics of anticipation fossil fuels oil and gas companies carbon imagined futures calculative devices, climate justice

Participants :
- Université Columbia (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Johann Wolfgang Goethe de Francfort-sur-le-Main (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 289407.84 €
Projet LH2COMP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is a promising propellant for aviation decarbonization. Developing safe, lightweight composite LH2 tanks is crucial to ensure long-range and safe transportation in future sustainable aircraft. LH2 tanks have the potential to replace traditional metal tanks, enabling high hydrogen storage densities per unit mass. However, due to the poor impact resistance and complex damage mechanisms of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites, safety is still a concern when the tank is subjected to transverse impact. Therefore, it is imperative to design impact-resistant LH2 tanks that meet safety requirements. Determining how to replace costly dynamic tests and accurately predict the thermomechanical responses of composite LH2 tanks under complex conditions is critical for developing and deploying new LH2 tanks. Therefore, this fellowship, with a planned secondment at TU Delft, aims to achieve the following: (1) Obtain the comprehensive mechanical properties of composites for LH2 tanks under complex loading conditions (uniaxial and biaxial), strain rates (0.1 to 5000 s⁻¹), and temperatures (−253 to 25°C). (2) Establish high-fidelity RVE-based FE models of CFRPs and develop a PINN-based constitutive model using small sample data, incorporating strain rate sensitivity, temperature effects, and biaxial loading coupling into the LaRC05 criterion to enhance its predictive capabilities under service conditions. (3) Create a systematic and fundamental understanding of the CAI strengths and failure mechanisms of CFRPs under much broader multiaxial loading conditions and various temperatures using a patented test rig; (4) Develop a multiscale virtual design and test tool for LH2 tanks to assess CAI strengths under various impacts (LVI to HVI), and train DNN models to predict biaxial CAI strengths; (5) Create a dedicated platform to disseminate the proposed failure criterion and promote virtual design and testing of LH2 tanks backed up by physical tests.

Mots clés : composite materials liquid hydrogen tank multi scale analysis data driven constitutive modelling impact damage mechanism biaxial compression after impact

Participants :
- Université de technologie de Delft (Pays-Bas) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- École polytechnique de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 209483.28 €
Projet REVIVEMP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project investigates Spanish and French visions of imperial renewal in the Greater Caribbean during the early nineteenth century, a time of profound crisis and spatial disintegration for both empires in the region. It posits that this first wave of decolonization inspired projects (both abortive and actualized) to reform imperial power in existing colonies, reverse the tide of independence movements, or expand the empire into new spaces. This project’s methodological approach combines a micro-historical perspective along with the transimperial and transnational framework of analysis adopted by global history. Using a comparative and connected perspective, it will focus on distinct yet interrelated modes of imperial revival ([1] commercial improvement, [2] colonization and resettlement, [3] reconquest and pacification) as reaction to decolonization. By examining a range of proposals for revitalizing and reterritorializing the Spanish and French empires in the Greater Caribbean, with an emphasis on the prominent role of colonial exiles, this project challenges narratives of inevitable imperial collapse and linear transition from empires to nation-states, and from formal to informal imperialism. It delivers new insights on imperial actors as active agents of transformations that impacted the Atlantic world during the nineteenth century. This project’s reappraisal of the resilience of imperial power and imaginaries in a (post)revolutionary context will be achieved by retrieving archival materials from a dozen locations across Spain, France, Cuba, and Mexico. This project will be hosted at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences) and conducted under the supervision of professor Clément Thibaud.

Mots clés : imperial history, spanish and french empires, greater caribbean, 19th century, comparative and connected history, decolonization

Participants :
- Université de Séville (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 242260.56 €