Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet RTeRloop (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Telomere stability is essential to prevent tumorigenesis and cellular senescence in human cells. Telomeres are transcribed into TERRAs, which has the ability to form R-loops with the DNA template. It is known that R-loops can hamper replication fork progression leading to hyperrecombination and genome instability. Indeed, R-loops are accumulated in telomeres of cancer cells that use the Alternative Lengthening of Telomere (ALT) maintenance mechanism to gain immortalisation and in ICF syndrome cells, associated with telomere shortening and senescence. The mammalian ATR-mediated replication stress signalling pathway and the RAD18-UBE2B ubiquitin-ligase complex involved in post-replication repair have been recently discovered as mains regulators of R-loop accumulation, suggested to act via different mechanisms. Interestingly, both pathways affect telomeres of ALT cells, where R-loops have been proposed as drivers of ALT recombination. Whether or not replication and post-replication signalling pathways have a differential role in telomeric R-loop control is not known, but it would be of key relevance to understand the role of R-loops in telomere dynamics both in normal and cancer cells. With this aim, we will investigate the molecular mechanisms that control pathological R-loop modulation at human telomeres by focussing into their accumulation during and after DNA replication and their regulation by replication and post-replication DNA damage responses. By developing new systems that allow a precise temporal control of R-loop levels and innovative single molecular approaches to detect R-loops at the replication fork, plus the use of and unbiased proteomics analysis of isolated chromatin from telomeres, I will identify new key factors and molecular mechanisms controlling telomeric R-loops in normal and cancer cells. This knowledge will help identify possible future targets in anti-cancer therapy that specifically affect cancer cells.

Mots clés : genome instability, r loops, telomeres, replication stress, dna damage response, terra, alternative lengthening of telomeres, post replication repair

Participants :
- Universidad de Sevilla (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet TRENGO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Temperature Reconstruction in Europe using cosmogenic Noble Gas Observations (TRENGO). I propose to reconstruct temperatures during the Late Quaternary (from within the last glacial cycle (LGC) to the present) using observations of cosmogenic noble gases in bedrock depth profiles at two key sites in Europe: the southernmost British Isles, and the southern coast of Spain. These two sites span the range of latitudes in Europe that were ice free during the LGC; temperature reconstructions at these sites will therefore capture endmembers of climate along the Atlantic margin of Europe during the LGC and deglaciation. Constraints on past climate conditions in these two regions from conventional proxies like pollen are largely restricted to the Holocene and ubiquitously mired by human influence. The temperature reconstructions proposed here could therefore provide unprecedented insight into long term climate dynamics over western Europe. I pioneered the use of cosmogenic noble gas observations for temperature reconstruction during my PhD and am thus uniquely suited to pursue this work. The Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre within the University of Glasgow is one of the few institutions on Earth with the analytical capability and expertise to allow me to achieve the research aims of this proposal in full, and I will acquire new technical skills in cosmogenic radionuclide analysis essential to my future career. The research results will be disseminated in several international conference presentations publications in top tier journals and communicated through several different outreach activities in Glasgow.

Mots clés : cosmogenic nuclide, noble gas, temperature, climate proxy, quaternary, holocene, last glacial cycle

Participants :
- University of Glasgow (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MediterraneanGypsies (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Thanks to the collaboration in Leeds between an expert in Gypsy and Italian history (the fellow, Dr Aresu, who will restart his academic career) and a scholar in modern Spanish history (the supervisor, Dr Alonso), MediterraneanGypsies aims at a rethinking of the way the history of Gypsy people has been framed to date. It proposes an innovative interpretative paradigm, which it applies to a specific study case: Gypsy mobility in three Western-Mediterranean areas of the Spanish Crown (Andalusia, Sicily, Sardinia) in the modern era (16th, 17th and early 18th century). Traditional reconstructions, based mainly on institutional repressive documents (e.g. acts of the Inquisition), have privileged a reductive vision of the Gypsies as a diasporic, nomadic, marginal minority that was relentlessly persecuted. By building on his previous researches, Dr Aresu will analyse instead a broad range of primary sources, mostly unpublished - from custom records to notarial deeds and parish funds -, that he will collect via an extensive archival search in Madrid, Sevilla, Palermo, Cagliari and in the Romani Collection of the University of Leeds. With an interdisciplinary approach that intersects transnational history, micro-history and historical anthropology, the project will investigate the economic and social relations of Gypsy groups both among themselves and with the other residents, scrutinise their articulated relationships with the local and state institutions, and insert their mobility strategies within the broader circulation processes existing throughout the Mediterranean as a whole. A special focus will be on the role of women, in order to challenge the mono-dimensional image of the Gypsy fortune-teller and enchantress. Beyond its scholarly value, the project will produce and disseminate alternative narratives on Gyspy history, which can potentially counter the worrying anty-gypsyist discourses that still have currency in parts of contemporary European society.

Mots clés : gypsies, mediterranean sea, spanish empire, andalusia, sicily, sardinia, mobility, diaspora, nomadism, marginality

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet EUROSOCIAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The 1970s are widely considered in historiography as a turning point in European and international history. Amid major social and cultural shifts, the decade witnessed the crisis of the post-World War II patterns of ‘embedded liberalism’, economic growth and state interventionism, and set the stage for the emergence of a new globalisation process that would redefine the concept of national sovereignty. This project investigates these processes from the point of view of the European social democratic movement. A leading political force in many European countries for most of the decade, the social democrats were especially hard hit by the emerging new conditions, which called them to revise their programmes and approaches. The research focuses on three main aspects of their response to the crisis of the postwar ‘Keynesian compromises’: A) Social democracy as a transnational political force: the exchange of ideas and the transfer of policy strategies, the learning processes and the ideological conflicts that took place within the social democratic networks. B) The European Left as a variable of the transformation of the Cold War order: the alteration of the ideological, political and economic relations between the two blocs and within each one of them, the evolution of social democracy’s transatlantic partnership, the impact of globalisation. C) Social democracy and European integration: the new debates on (and contributions to) the development of the European Community that emerged during these years in connection with the economic crisis, globalisation and the difficulties of national reformism. This analysis will be crucially supported by a broad multi-archival research, to be carried out in five European countries and in the US. As a final result, this project aims at providing a highly innovative transnational narrative of the social democratic response to the challenges of the 1970s, consistent with the most recent trends in international political history.

Mots clés : socialism, social democracy, cold war, european integration, international relations, economic history

Participants :
- Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet ConflictualDemocracy (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The 2011 Arab uprisings were extraordinary events. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has long been understood as the bastion of authoritarianism, stifled markets and Islamic fundamentalism. The protestors who filled streets and city squares in 2011 disrupted these narratives. A decade after the uprisings, I propose to investigate whether politics leads to the weakening of democracy. In a context of deepening socio-economic inequalities, I explore this question from Tunisia, the country celebrated in foreign policy circles as ‘the only hope’ of the Arab revolutions. The hypothesis I aim to test is whether a conflictual democracy is being consolidated at the local level, where ‘the state’, the space of institutionalized politics, meets the street, the space of contestation. Through this fellowship, my research attends to whether and how conflictual democracy in post-revolution Tunisia which manifests at the intersection of municipalities as spaces of encounter, the gendering of these local governments, and the legal battles these decentralized entities have waged against the deconcentrated state. My research engages with three bodies of literature: the urban studies literature on the political, feminist theories of the space, and the political geography literature on scale and topologies of power. The conceptual innovation of this project lies in bridging political theory, urban studies, and feminist studies to theorize the dynamics of an unfolding conflictual democracy while being attentive to questions of gender, the perceived threat of political Islam and the legal aspects of politics. In addition to its theoretical rigor, I aim to build on my professional experience in policy circles and my knowledge of Tunisian politics to develop policy briefs about decentralization reforms, and teach-ins modules aimed at increasing female political participation in local governance.

Mots clés : post revolution, urban politics, decentralization, tunisia

Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet PALEOCARBON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The 2015 Paris Climate Agreement brought nations together to mitigate anthropogenic climate change, with the aim to keep global temperature rise below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Artificially enhanced weathering of basalt, driven by intensified geochemical and biological processes that naturally promote the absorption of CO2, is considered as a potentially significant negative emissions technology. However, the impact of climate change and elevated greenhouse conditions on the rate and processes of basalt weathering and the role of plants in mediating this process are unconstrained. This Marie Skłodowska Curie Individual Fellowship will address this uncertainty by a multidisciplinary study on silicate weathering of basalts during the Paleocene climatic greenhouse world, using state-of-the-art botanical and geochemical proxies, tools and methods in the PALEOCARBON project. The project will focus on three main objectives: (1) Quantifying elevated Paleocene pCO2, temperature and precipitation levels using fossil leaves; (2) Constraining processes & intensity of silicate weathering and carbon drawdown potential in Paleocene basalts; (3) Quantifying elemental uptake of plants grown in high pCO2 laboratory conditions, to constrain the role of plant in mediating weathering processes. The fellow will work with and bring together Irish and international world-experts in the development and application of botany-based climatic and atmospheric proxies (prof. Jennifer McElwain), and basalt (silicate) weathering processes (prof. Frank McDermott), to accomplish the PALEOCARBON research-objectives on constraining fundamental end-member parameters that control the efficiency of (artificially) enhanced weathering as a potential negative carbon emissions technology. This prestigious fellowship will enable the fellow to attain career maturity and independence, and to become a leader in the European research community.

Mots clés : earth system processes, silicate weathering, paleocene climate reconstruction

Participants :
- Trinity College Dublin (Irlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 73994.29 €
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 220891.79 €
Projet NI HTS machine (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The 2nd generation high temperature superconductor (2G HTS) machine has a significant advantage in high power density, enabling it to play a revolutionary role in electrical aircraft propulsion. However, existing research on 2G HTS machines reveals a major technique hurdle: the thermal stability of 2G HTS coils is too low for use in aviation. Being easily subject to damage during a quench or thermal fluctuation is unacceptable. The development of new technologies is a must to improve the thermal stability and reliability of HTS windings in electrical machines. A new winding technique, no-insulation (NI) coil, has been developed recently to improve the thermal stability of HTS coils in a high field magnet. The main idea is to remove the turn-to-turn electrical insulation. During a quench, the transport current can “bypass” the local normal region through its metallic turn-to-turn contact, significantly reducing the heat generated in the HTS. Therefore, NI coils are self-protecting compared to their insulated counterparts. This project will apply the NI technique to the HTS rotor windings of HTS synchronous machines, to significantly improve the thermal stability and reliability of the machine. This requires a clear understanding of the performance of NI HTS rotor windings in machine environments, which have not been studied yet. This project will substantially advance HTS machine technology by: 1) providing validated numerical tools to analyse the electromagnetic and thermal responses of NI coils in HTS machines; 2) proposing design strategies for using NI coils to improve stability and controllability. The novelty and originality of the project lies in the novel numerical methods for the NI coils and knowledge of the new characteristics of HTS machines with NI coils. This project will deliver a thorough understanding for the next generation of thermally reliable HTS machines with NI technology.

Mots clés : high temperature superconductor machines, electric aircraft propulsion, self protecting rotor windings

Participants :
- University of Strathclyde (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet AGenT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The AGenT (Agricultural Genomics Transversal) postdoctoral program is an ambitious research and training initiative at the Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG; Barcelona) designed to conduct multidisciplinary and intersectorial research projects at CRAG in conjunction with associated partner organizations (private companies, research centres and academic institutions), both national and international. The program will offer twenty (20) two-year postdoctoral fellowships, and provide ample opportunities for: secondments and research collaborations; training both in specific research areas and in transferable or transversal skills; and networking activities in both the academic and the industrial sectors; all in order to enrich the training of the fellows and enhance their professional development while conducting projects of research of excellence. The AGenT proposal is a major initiative for CRAG that aims to leverage the capacities of CRAG and those of the partner institutions to develop a high-impact training program for Experienced Researchers in the area of plant and agricultural sciences.

Mots clés : agricultural, genomics, postdoctoral, training, excellence, interdisciplinar, international

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 1471200.0 €
Projet ASPIRE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The ASPIRE project aims at assessing the feasibility to construct Integral Abutment Bridges in earthquake-prone areas. In the last years in Europe there was an increasing interest on this particular class of structures, characterized by the absence of bearing supports and expansion joints, elements commonly used in bridges which are subjected to deterioration due to ageing and thermal effects, thus requiring expensive periodic maintenance. Integral Abutment Bridges have very low costs of maintenance and improved durability while their increased redundancy can result to superior behavior during an earthquake. Still, there are high uncertainties and a lack of standard procedures to systematically evaluate their seismic performance. As a consequence, no indication is given in Structural Eurocodes as well as in other major seismic codes worldwide. The project proposes an innovative multi-disciplinary procedure including: (a) the evaluation of structure-specific seismic hazard; (b) experimental investigation on the shaking table of the University of Bristol Earthquake Lab (c) the calibration of numerical models including their complex Soil-Structure Interaction; (d) the development of novel fragility curves tailored to the salient features of integral bridges, and (e) the development of Risk and Resilience metrics for the estimation of the improved lifecycle associated with the better durability and lower damage of integral bridges due to earthquakes. The project will be implemented at the University of Bristol, integrating and extending the experimental and numerical capabilities of the Earthquake Laboratory on Integral Abutment Bridges, improving at the same time the skills and competences of the researcher. The results of the project will provide a robust scientific basis to justify the use of Integral Abutment Bridges in seismic areas, with a special attention to European countries and Road Networks.

Mots clés : integral bridges, earthquake engineering, lifecycle analysis

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet POLARGOV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Antarctica Treaty presents one of the most intriguing environmental regimes to international relations: its institutionalisation has intensified as much as the Treaty has been able to keep controversy away from its governance. The current arrangement postpones, outsources or builds an ambiguous guidance towards any subject which might undermine its consensual foundation. But are these solutions able to keep the Antarctic Treaty's resilience as a regime? Antarctic history shows that expectations towards resource activities within the region has triggered challenges to this framework. Nevertheless, Antarctic Tourism and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are current activities respectively outsourced and avoided by the Treaty, despite of their direct impact on the Antarctic Treaty operation. Therefore, this proposal aims to contribute towards the Antarctic Treaty governance, proposing institutional innovations which would support the Treaty to manage complex, multilevel and controversial activities. Based on stakeholders' assessment of the Antarctic Treaty governance on Tourism and MPAs, hybrid strategies and institutional interplay will be developed and presented for discussion to these actors. The project expects to directly contribute for the Treaty’s resilience as a regime, to increase public awareness on Antarctic matters through open access information and engaging outreach strategies, and to develop a European perspective on Antarctic politics. A vibrant research environment, expertise on environmental and resource regimes, and training for the researcher will be offered by the University of Leeds, enabling the development of the proposal and the boosting of the researcher’s career as an academic and expert on Antarctic politics. Furthermore, the researcher's experience in Antarctic treaties and networking, as well as her expertise in academic research, will result into publications and partnerships, establishing a European research legacy for Antarctic politics

Mots clés : antarctic treaty, antarctic politics, environmental governance, environmental regimes

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €