Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NESSC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Cofund Doctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Forecasting the magnitude of future global warming is among the great scientific challenges. Model estimates of long-term warming resulting from a doubling of the CO2 concentration relative to the pre-industrial era range between 1.5 and 4.5 °C. This large uncertainty may represent the difference between the melting or conservation of large continental ice sheets, and between habitable and inhabitable regions. NESSC, the Netherlands Earth System Science Center, addresses climate-related research questions, dealing with past, present and future interactions between the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere and atmosphere. Specifically, NESSC studies the response of the Earth System to perturbations and will merge information obtained from past climate, using climate proxies, with data and models for the modern climate. NESSC brings together renowned experts in the fields of palaeoclimate proxies, climate reconstructions, biogeochemistry, microbiology, and theory and modelling of climate. These experts join forces to obtain novel insights in climate research. All scientists involved have ample experience with supervising PhD students and leading successful research groups. Through COFUND NESSC will expand its research and training programme internationally, with an additional 13 Early Stage Researchers. NESSC will significantly advance our understanding of the Earth System functioning in the future. The COFUND programme is tightly connected with multiple national and international partner organisations, each providing complementary research and/or training. Through COFUND NESSC will maintain and further expand its excellent worldwide position.

Mots clés : climate research, tipping points, doctoral training, multidisciplinary programme

Participants :
- Utrecht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1410240.0 €
Projet NITRIPHYLL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Forest canopies play a significant role in regulating carbon and water exchanges with the atmosphere, with profound effects on our climate. However, their role in altering the chemical composition of precipitation and, consequently, the nutrient cycling within a forest has been less investigated. This is particular relevant for nitrogen (N)-limited forests in the Northern hemisphere, which have been exposed to a rapid human-induced increase in Ndep over the last decades. Much of the scientific attention has been focused on the role of Ndep in enhancing forest C-sink, while we still need to elucidate the fate of Ndep when entering forest and its contribution to N cycling. In particular, it is still not clear whether Ndep is retained, taken up and/or altered by biological transformations when interacting with tree canopies. By applying a quadruple isotope approach I recently demonstrated the occurrence of in-canopy biological nitrification of atmospheric N for UK forests at high Ndep. Hence, NITRIPHYLL intends to extend the multiple isotope approach a) to enlarge the range of conditions under which the process is demonstrated to occur, b) to investigate difference between species in the proportion of microbiologically-derived NO3 and c) the reasons of these differences. Furthermore, by using proteo-genomic techniques we aim to characterize phyllosphere microbial communities involved in canopy nitrification. We will consider i) forests along a gradient of climate and Ndep within the well established EU-ICP forest network and ii) existing N manipulation experiments. NITRIPHYLL for the first time merges two separate research avenues, i.e., the investigation of canopy nitrification with the study of the occurrence, abundance and diversity of bacteria communities in the phyllosphere. Thus, the project will contribute to providing a deeper understanding of how the phyllosphere affects the N, and consequently C, cycling within forests in relation to climate and Ndep.

Mots clés : atmospheric nitrogen deposition, nitrification, stable isotopes, forests, carbon cycle

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet PHLOEMAP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Forests provide key ecological services such as the regulation of energy, carbon and water balances from local to global scale. These are however under severe pressure due to climate and land use changes, especially in the Mediterranean basin where limited water availability is prominent. It is thus crucial to identify the forest species and areas that are likely to be more vulnerable to reduced water availability and establish how changes in forest composition and structure will impact key ecosystem services. In this project, we will use the functional trait concept to bridge between tree, population, species and forest level and as such enlarge our capacity to predict where and when dramatic changes in forest ecosystem services are likely to occur, especially focusing on the role of phloem and parenchyma tissue in tree and forest functioning in relation to drought. Our objectives are to (i) measure phloem and parenchyma traits of 104 populations of 7 dominant tree species in Catalonia and Portugal, study the relationships between these traits and other hydraulic and functional traits and quantify their variability along gradients in water availability, (ii) integrate phloem and parenchyma traits in the theoretical framework describing tree responses to drought, (iii) determine which combination of traits is the best predictor of drought resistance at intra- and interspecific level and (iv) test how and to which extent variability in phloem and parenchyma traits influences forest performance at different ecological scales and forest vulnerability under climate change scenarios. Classical wood anatomy and plant physiology methods will be used as well as novel 3D techniques and recently developed models will be combined and extended. Our results will contribute to the knowledge needed to design effective strategies to deal with climate change. Transferring it to managers and policy makers, as well as to the society at large, is thus a focus of the proposal.

Mots clés : functional trait concept, phloem and parenchyma hydraulic traits, xylem hydraulic traits, tree functioning and forest modelling, 3d anatomy approach, forest services, drought, climate change

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet FF2020 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : European Researchers' Night
Statut du projet : CLOSED

ForskarFredag, FF will unite events in 26 cities and towns across Sweden. The project will bring the general public, with a special focus on pupils aged 12–19, face-to-face with researchers through fun, festive and hands-on activities, all free of charge. By reaching out to all across Sweden, people will discover local and regional research in a national and international context. The non-profit association Public & Science (VA) has coordinated FF annually since 2006, and FF2020 builds on the success of previous years, drawing on experience, contacts and the ever-increasing national profile. Local events will be planned and executed by local Subcontractors and External Partners in in centrally located venues and brought together under the national FF umbrella by VA. Subcontractors are 12 organisations; universities, science centres, a science park, a municipality and a research centre. Each local event is organised in a way to give the highest impact in the local community, building on local strengths and using local networks. The local organisers share experiences and learnings in a national contact network. VA is responsible for the quality, framework, national identity, national awareness campaign and impact assessment. This is a management structure that has worked well in the past years. The common theme, "Towards a Sustainable Future” focusing on climate, sustainability and environment, will inspire innovative local activities with the researcher in focus, connect the local activities and strengthen the national profile. Common activities include the high-profile communications contest Researchers’ Grand Prix. A Mass Experiment (national citizen science-project), inviting pupils to work together with researchers, will be conducted as part of the awareness campaign. Collaboration and synergies with other ERN projects will highlight the European dimension. ForskarFredag:s motto is: "Researchers are ordinary people with extraordinary

Mots clés : national event, towards a sustainable future, research, science, hands on activities, general public, competition  researchers  grand prix, citizen science, collaboration with other ern projects

Participants :
- Public and Science (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 120000.0 €
Projet UNIFIED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Fossil fuel consumption is expected to almost double over the next 3 decades in order to meet the increasing demand for infrastructure, trade and transportation. Development of engines complying with the forthcoming 2020 emission legislations, relies on the effective design of advanced high-pressure fuel injection systems and represents a key industrial priority. Emissions can be reduced when fuel is injected against air at P-T conditions well above the fuel’s critical point; the prevailing supercritical fluid conditions result to disappearance of the liquid-gas interface, which in turn, reduces vaporisation time and enhances significantly air-fuel mixing. Combination of experiments (outgoing phase) with CFD simulations (return phase) of the in-nozzle flow, fuel atomisation and mixing processes under such conditions form the core subject of the proposed research. The experimental work includes currently unknown physical properties measurements near the fuel’s critical point; these will be modelled with complex equations of state for a wide range of P-T conditions. Moreover, the state-of-the-art experimental techniques and equipment of the US host, will be employed for quantifying the near-nozzle fuel atomisation and mixing at those conditions. These experimental data will guide the development and validation of a new state-of-the-art CFD model able to couple the aforementioned multi-phase flow processes through a combination of physical models and numerical methods. These include interface capturing of immiscible and diffused interfaces, scale-resolved turbulence, mass transfer rate (cavitation and vaporisation) and real-fluid thermodynamics addressing the compressibility effects for the liquid-vapour-air mixture. The project brings together research, academic and industrial experts from the US and Europe. It will advance scientific knowledge and will facilitate the design of less polluting engines for the benefit of the European area and society as a whole.

Mots clés : fuel injection systems, supercritical fluids, diesel thermodynamics, diesel property measurement, cavitation, in nozzle flow, jet atomization, turbulent mixing

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251857.8 €
- Sandia National Laboratories (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SYNFOS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Fragment-based ligand discovery (FBLD) has become a mainstream strategy to discover new drugs to enable the treatment of conditions with unmet medical needs. Despite the remarkable rise of FBLD, significant chemical challenges remain in the field; firstly, elaborated fragments tend to be synthesised de novo when direct growth would be much more advantageous. Secondly, the currently available toolkit for fragment elaboration tends to exacerbate an uneven exploration of chemical space, yielding flatter and more lipophilic compounds. SYNFOS will allow Alexandre Trindade (the fellow) to join the laboratory of Professors Adam Nelson (host supervisor) and Steve Marsden (host co-supervisor) at the University of Leeds (Host) and develop research expertise in fragment-based ligand discovery; catalysis to enable molecular discovery; protein-protein interaction (PPIs) inhibition; and high-throughput X-ray crystallography (via secondments to Diamond (Partner)). In doing so, the fellow will (a) enhance his prospects of becoming an independent academic group leader in Europe and (b) address the need to train researchers in key multidisciplinary areas such as medicinal chemistry and chemical biology and (c) develop cutting edge synthetic methods that facilitates the fragment-based discovery of new inhibitors for protein-protein interactions. By building in fragment hits from the Host laboratory, the fellow will establish a synthetic toolkit enabling the functionalization of C-H bonds within N-heterocycles with a wide range of medicinally-relevant groups. The fellowship will explore three main modes of reactivity to establish the functionalization of sp3-hydridised carbons with heterocyclic fragments and showcase the value of the synthetic toolbox through the discovery of fragments hits into potent inhibitors of PPIs involving the ATAD2 bromodomain.

Mots clés : fragment based ligand discovery, photoredox catalysis, metallocarbenoid chemistry, inhibitors of protein protein interactions

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet FREYA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Frameworks for assessing the risk of invasive species under climate change are still not widely applied although biological invasions and climate change rank among the top threats to biodiversity, economy and human well-being globally. This is at least partly due to a lack of reliable predictions of invasion success and range dynamics under changing climates. Mechanistic and process-based models are theoretically well-suited to generate spatially explicit forecasts of species invasion risk, as they are ecologically realistic and allow accounting for species evolutionary potential. Their use however lags behind that of less data-demanding and relatively easy to use correlative tools. This project will therefore investigate the ecological and evolutionary factors determining when more complex but ecologically realistic mechanistic and process-based model approaches yield better forecasts of invasion risk than simple correlative tools. The project will combine a detailed investigation of well-known avian invader (the ring-necked parakeet) with a multi-species assessment of a large number of avian invaders in Europe and Australia. These invasions offer an exceptional model system for answering the questions at hand. This timely Fellowship answers to calls to move from patterns to processes, and as recent European legislation requires consideration of synergistic impacts of climate change on biological invasion risks, Fellowship outputs will relevant for policy as well. The host institute (CMEC) is at the forefront of macroecology and climate change biology, and brings worldwide access to excellent researchers with experience directly relevant for the Fellowship (C. Rahbek, M. Araújo, D. Nogués-Bravo). I will not only benefit from deepening my analytical skills and conceptual understanding of macroecological research frameworks, but CMEC’s training experience in academic leadership will enable me to reach a position of professional maturity at a high international level.

Mots clés : invasive alien species, climate change, niche conservatism, ecological forecasting

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €
Projet SABER CULTURAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Freshwater ecosystems are essential to people´s economic, cultural and social wellbeing, yet are still one of the most seriously threatened ecosystems on the planet. This conflict is reflected in political regulations that ask to halt the loss of, restore and safeguard freshwaters, their biodiversity and the ecosystem services they provide. Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM), a holistic approach advocated to help doing so, involves an overarching regulatory framework and local solutions with trade-offs and compromises - factors that make decision processes complex and easily co-opted. In SABER CULTURAL, we use a well-known participatory decision support framework (MCA) to tackle two major challenges in freshwater EBM: 1) including cultural values that build a conceptual link between natural resources/biodiversity and local knowledge, besides traditionally considered ecological and socio-economic ones, and 2) accounting for uncertainty. MCA is selected because it is i) transparent, ii) allows for the whole range of stakeholder values to be quantified and accounted for, iii) can be used to robustly test outcomes of different management scenarios, and iv) can ultimately be used to prioritise cost-effective management actions with collective buy in. To forecast ecosystem services flow under different management alternatives, MCA is coupled with a novel modelling approach (ARIES). We test the MCA-ARIES framework in New Zealand, where cultural Māori-values play a prominent role in freshwater management, and transfer the flow models to the river basin scale to inform existing management plans and policies in Europe. With SABER CULTURAL we establish new standards for freshwater management in New Zealand, create knowledge that helps reaching EU biodiversity and environment targets and add value to the dialogue among EU policy sectors. Additionally, SABER CULTURAL provides a unique opportunity to gain the skills I need to become an established, independent researcher in Europe.

Mots clés : aries, collaborative decision making, cultural values, ecosystem based management, ecosystem services flow modelling, multi criteria decision analysis, restoration, uncertainty, rbmps

Participants :
- University of Otago (Nouvelle-Zélande) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 233276.4 €
Projet EARTHSCAPES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

From Landscapes to Earthscapes: Understanding Visual Cultures of Global Environmental Crisis and the Making of Global Environmental Images, 1945-present (EARTHSCAPES) EARTHSCAPES will contribute to current debates on the origins and possible futures of the environmental crisis by providing an innovative historical, social and political perspective on the production, circulation and reception of global environmental images since the beginning of the Cold War. It will further our understanding of the role of images in science by means of a thorough historical, political and sociological analysis of case studies, focusing on visualisations that allow for a global interpretation and understanding of our environment (hence the term “global environmental images”). The images concerned by this project help communicate global and a priori invisible environmental phenomena (global temperature, ozone levels, sea-level rise, climate change, etc.). By making the invisible visible, global environmental images reveal to be always both, the very tools that enable scientists to understand complex environmental and geophysical processes, and the instruments that allow them to share their findings with decision makers and the larger public. Images fulfil therefore always two functions; they are both: objects and instruments of knowledge. Yet few studies have explored in detail this double function, allowing to understand how global environmental processes are visually produced, represented, rendered evident, and consumed. Hence, a historically informed interdisciplinary study is urgently needed, also because the past may hold crucial answers for the future. EARTHSCAPES main aim is to close the research gap by analysing how iconic paintings, photographs, maps, graphs, visualisations and remote sensing images profoundly shaped environmental discourse, and a holistic and dynamic understanding of the Earth system since the beginning of the Cold War.

Mots clés : visual cultures of science, environmental history, scientific images

Participants :
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185857.2 €
Projet PD2PI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

From Postdoc to PI: Future leaders of ERA (PD2PI) is a novel postdoctoral programme of the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IPC), designed to foster new generation of scientists (Experienced Researchers) to become independent leaders/managers capable of working in business and/or academia. PD2PI programme will contribute to the creation of researchers for a commercial labour market. The project will be carried out by the leading research entity in Poland with highest excellence category in Poland (A+). PD2PI offers research training programme, based on 3-i approach (i.e. intersectoral/-national/-disciplinary), in the field of broadly understood chemistry with its links to medicine/biology and physics (3-36 months). This is guaranteed by adequate training (transferable skills training included, and lecturers from both sectors of the economy) & research programme but also participation of excellent (11 research and 6 business) units from Poland and abroad. Moreover, inclusion of a tenure track into the programme creates a unique offer for postdocs.The PD2PI fellows will be free to choose research area from IPC offer and submit own interdisciplinary research proposal, which will be evaluated with participation of international experts in a transparent competition (ca. 3 calls). Each successfully selected project will be carried out within the framework of international cooperation. Co-/mentors are well recognized in the international community (incl. ERA), with strong record in mentoring and advising. The PD2PI programme will take advantage of the best practices supporting researchers' careers. IPC is committed to the values underlying the Charter&Code, which are basically implemented under IPC. PD2PI fellows will be supported throughout the whole stay (assistance in stay legalization, flat rental, relocation/family allowance, private&public medicale care). This unique opportunity will give a good perspective for future career.

Mots clés : chemistry, combining chemistry with physics, biology, medicine, tenure track, leadership training

Participants :
- Polish Academy of Sciences (Pologne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1379250.0 €