Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet UltraSafe (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The EU is a world leader in the transport industry, with the aeronautical sector alone providing more than 500,000 jobs and generating a turnover of EUR 140 billion annually. Development of structural safety technologies have always been of paramount importance for Europe. With regard to the aeronautical sector, approximately 1.3 billion passengers fly around the globe every year, rendering aviation safety a major societal challenge worldwide. Flightpath 2050 sets out a vision for a future aerospace industry placing airworthiness at the heart of technology developments in order to keep Europe competitive in this strategically important global industry. Modern industrial structures are increasingly made of composite layered materials due to their well-known benefits. The usage of composite structures however implies a greater range of possible structural failure modes for which the structure has to be frequently and thoroughly inspected. For instance, approximately 27% of an average modern aircraft’s lifecycle cost is spent on inspection and repair . The use of ‘offline’ structural inspection techniques currently leads to a massive reduction of the product’s availability and significant financial losses for the operator. Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGWs) have exhibited strong potential for detecting damage signatures in composite structures, however understanding UGW interaction with realistic nonlinear damage scenarios is still a fundamental technological and scientific issue which remains unresolved. UltraSafe will bring together an ER being expert in ‘Bayesian based system identification’ and a host institution carrying leading academic know-how in ‘UGW interaction modelling’ in order to develop the next generation of ‘online’, fast and robust damage identification tools for industrial composite structures. The secondment of the ER to ANOVA will ensure the applicability of this new damage identification methodology to real-world industrial scenarios.

Mots clés : aerospace composite structures, nonlinear ultrasonics, structural health monitoring, wave propagation, damage identification

Participants :
- University of Nottingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet InDyMag (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Earth is a peculiar planet in the solar system: it hosts life and possesses a very active interior. However, it is not the only rocky body to present evidence of internal dynamics: all the rocky planets - except Venus - and some moons have been proved to generate or to have generated a magnetic field. Recent space missions have improved our knowledge of the evolution of these magnetic fields, and direct constraints on the internal structure of some rocky planets are expected in the very next few years. New hypotheses emerged recently to explain the early times of the Earth’s magnetic field, when no thermo-chemical convection could power the geodynamo, giving us new perspectives on Earth’s history. By combining advances in both Earth and planetary sciences, InDyMag aims to better understand the internal dynamics of the Earth and other rocky bodies in our solar system. It will investigate the generation and long-term evolution of their magnetic fields with Earth as a reference, and compare it Mercury, Venus, and Mars, and the Earth's Moon and Ganymede. The fellow, expert in geodynamics and modeling, will develop a model for the time evolution of temperature and composition profiles in metallic cores, exploring a large range of parameters including planet's size, composition and formation history. The crystallization regimes and the initial profiles will be investigated in detail, exploring the full range of dynamics possible in an iron core. Thanks to the expertise of the researchers at the host LPG on space missions and magnetic field measurements, InDyMag will combine observations to geodynamical models to constrain the physical parameters of planetary cores. InDyMag will unravel what is universal in planetary magnetic fields, and what is planet-specific. Its results will be disseminated to the general and specialist audience and will lay the foundations to explore planetary magnetic fields at the exoplanet level.

Mots clés : core dynamics, magnetic field, rocky bodies, planets

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet MeltTransport (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Earth’s continental crust is compositionally layered, hosts natural resources and energy sources sustaining our civilization and represents an important record of the Earth through geological time. A fundamental control on the structure and heterogeneity of the Earth’s continental crust is the formation, migration and emplacement of fully and/or partially molten rocks. The upper crust is richer in silica than in the lower crust and these rocks is where many of the elements that are essential for life are concentrated. The required chemical differentiation and measured geochemical signatures suggests they must be sourced from melting of lower crustal and mantle environments. This requires melt transfer through the lower and middle crust. However, compared to the generation of melts, the transport and accumulation of such melts is still poorly documented and understood. The movement of melts in the crust is responsible for mineral resource formation, hazards (e.g. earthquakes, volcanic eruptions) and is a fundamental enabler of plate tectonics – a feature that is unique to Earth. The ‘MeltTransport’ project will interrogate natural examples of melt migration and accumulation using an innovative combination of multidisciplinary techniques and state-of-the-art analytical facilities, including a one-of-a-kind experimental apparatus, to provide new insights into this fundamental process. This project will investigate melting processes through three main methods: (1) quantitative microstructural and chemical characterisation, (2) physical experimentation and (3) numerical modelling. This combination of methods will permit visualisation and quantification of (i) how the interaction between melts and the host rock (melt–rock) varies with different pressure/temperature/deformation scenarios, (ii) the formation of microstructures and features during melt extraction/migration/emplacement, and (iii) geochemical characteristics associated with particular microstructures.

Mots clés : melting processes, crustal differentiation, experimental geology, numerical modelling, high grade metamorphism

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet ICE-OTOPE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Earth’s surface has been dominated by cycles of glacial advance for more than two million years. Processes occurring at the glacier bed exert a fundamental control on the release of bioavailable elements to rivers and oceans and the evolution of the Earth’s surface, hydrosphere and atmosphere. As global temperatures rise and ice-sheets retreat, it is critical to constrain the roles that subglacial weathering processes play in controlling global biogeochemical cycles. The overarching goal of this project is to investigate the redox conditions that control vital nutrient and elemental release through a study of glacial outflows from contrasting subglacial environments. I will achieve this goal using a novel multidisciplinary framework incorporating cutting-edge redox sensitive stable isotope proxies (Mo, Fe and Se isotopes) of iron and sulphur cycling and oxidation state to unique glaciated regions. Using a combination of archived samples and focused field campaigns I will study subglacial outflow environments that differ in bedrock geology, regional climate and type of individual glacier drainage basins (e.g. ice cap, ice sheet and alpine glacier) in order to evaluate the importance of these parameters in weathering processes and ultimately the release of bio-available elements from the sub-glacial environment to rivers and oceans. Key questions I am to answer are how is the release of bioavailable elements a function of the redox state of the subglacial environment? Which of the three key parameters plays the most significant role? To what extent is this reflected in the enrichments of elements in solid/liquid phases? and how does this affect biogeochemical cycling downstream and nutrient supply?

Mots clés : glacier, ice cap, subglacial, weathering, redox, iron, sulphur, stable isotope

Participants :
- Durham University (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 45609.16 €
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 137845.64 €
Projet VirGO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is widespread in all human communities. While most people carry EBV as a life-long asymptomatic infection, in some people, EBV contributes to malignant transformation and is responsible for ~200,000 new cancer cases/year. Small molecule inhibitors targeting viral proteins could be an effective option to treat people with EBV-associated cancers. However, no such drugs exists which in part reflects the limited repertoire of targetable virus proteins present in EBV-driven cancers. Recently, the Experienced Researcher (ER) has shown that the tumour cells of EBV-associated cancers such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), express the EBV-encoded BILF1, a constitutively active G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Furthermore, preliminary data by the ER indicate that BILF1 partially recapitulates the aberrant transcriptional programme of BL and is likely to do so through activation of oncogenic cell signalling pathways that include AKT-mTOR. These data suggest that BILF1 could be a realistic therapeutic target, raising the possibility of advancing the development of anti-viral drugs to treat EBV-related tumours; GPCRs are the most successful class of drug target for the treatment of human disorders and are emerging as anti-cancer targets. In this project the ER will harness new models of B cell lymphomagenesis available in the host laboratory to: 1) Explore the role of BILF1in the transformation of germinal centre B cells; the progenitors of BL; 2) Identify how BILF1 contributes to the established phenotype of BL cells; and 3) Link these phenotypes to pathological features of the primary tumour and to patient response to therapy. Thus, the Fellowship will significantly advance knowledge of the mechanisms of EBV-mediated oncogenesis, in turn paving the way for the development of new EBV-targeted small molecule drugs. The ER will emerge from this project with a new advanced skill-set and the capability to launch her own high level scientific research.

Mots clés : virology, cancer biology, viral driven lymphomagenesis, epstein barr virus, ebv encoded bilf1, gpcr, burkitt s lymphoma, b cell lymphomas

Participants :
- University of Limerick (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196590.72 €
Projet SENSO-CIGUA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The IF-GF project aims to decipher in vivo the neurobiology of sensory disturbances induced by ciguatoxins (CTXs), which cause ciguatera fish poisoning and have recently become a European food safety concern as emerging toxins. CTXs are the most potent known activators of voltage-gated sodium channels, without isoform specificity. The strong predominance of specific sensory disturbances in ciguatera suggests that CTXs activate specific subsets of primary and/or dorsal horn somatosensory neurons, which is consistent with the population coding theory. The first specific objective is to characterize the molecular markers of primary and superficial dorsal horn (SDH) sensory neurons responding to CTXs and the molecular players involved in the CTX-induced spontaneous itch and cold allodynia. Next, the planned action aims to examine the role of sensitization of sensory receptors and channels in the sensations evoked, and to identify the mediators and mechanisms involved. To achieve this, the methods used will combine a behavioural test capable of distinguishing between scratching and pain behaviours, functional methods including in vivo electrophysiological recordings in SDH neurons and calcium imaging in primary neurons, and a variety of tools comprising neurotoxic ablation, genetic invalidation, and chemogenetic inhibition of specific neuronal subpopulations. These approaches, still used by a few teams around the world to explore neural circuits, are an outstanding opportunity to advance research on sensory disorders induced by CTXs. In addition, using CTXs as singular tools, the action has the potential to uniquely complement research on itch and pain neurobiology. The fellow will benefit from the world-renowned expertise and experience of the partner laboratory (at UC Davis, USA) to acquire new technical skills and knowledge essential for her future career, and from its international network to broaden her prospects for research collaboration.

Mots clés : peripheral nervous system, dorsal horn, itch, neurobiology, ciguatoxin

Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de Brest (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 153109.92 €
Projet IGYMERA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The IGYMERA proposal is aimed at exploring novel strategies to reduce methane production in ruminants. Our innovative proposal differs from other past strategies. Instead of using whole archaea for the development of antibodies, we will raise low-cost, specific and non-toxic IgY polyclonal antibodies against the key membrane targets responsible for methane production, or for their ability to produce a significant reduction in methanogenic microorganism populations in the rumen. To identify such targets, we plan to use state-of-the-art proteomic tools and molecular cloning techniques for the production of recombinant proteins to be used for hen immunization. We also plan to test an early intervention approach in the rumen of small ruminants (goats), to enhance the reduction in their microbial methanogen population during adult life.

Mots clés : archaea, ruminant, methane, clime change

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet ITACA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The ITACA project (Intercultural Theatre And Cultural Appropriation) intends to explore the complex phenomenon of cultural appropriation in contemporary theatre with the aim of setting up a form of theatre aesthetics. The objective is to probe the themes constituting and defining the very origin of theatre, so as to discover their aesthetic and ethical categories, using the lens of cultural appropriation: i.e. the way a historically dominant culture uses and transforms features of a marginalized culture. Cultural appropriation is considered in the context of Quebec theatre and compared to some examples of intercultural theatre in Italy. In the belief that theatre is an ideal philosophical tool by which to explore the relationship between identity and otherness, ITACA proposes to explore that relationship as found in our post-colonial, globalized society and insofar as Europe compares with North America. To achieve its objective ITACA foresees a research and training project between Canada and Italy combining philosophical theory with theatre practice in an interdisciplinary framework. ITACA is open to a multidisciplinary approach, ranging from political science to new media, the study of Quebec culture and digital globalization, and understanding the urgent and relevant theme of cultural appropriation. These theoretical studies are anchored to a programme of Research-creation allowing one to work practically alongside Canadian and Italia stage artists. Multidisciplinary and practical approaches come together in a perspective that observes the theatre first and foremost from an aesthetic angle. The results, presented via international conferences, lectures and publications, will be disseminated in the EU and CANADA, thanks to the support of the respective host institutions UMIL and UQAM, and will be decisive for the experienced researcher’s career development in the academic field.

Mots clés : philosophy, theatre, aesthetics, cultural appropriation, identity politics

Participants :
- Université du Québec (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199760.16 €
Projet BEST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) is a leading-edge multidisciplinary research centre based in Barcelona that conducts excellent interdisciplinary research at the frontiers of engineering and life sciences in order to generate new knowledge that helps to enhance quality of life, improve health and create wealth. It is currently located in Barcelona Science Park, has facilities covering 2,500 sq. m., 18 research groups and a team of researchers and support services made up of 250 people from more than 20 different countries. The Barcelona Science Park offers a highly stimulating biomedical environment where IBEC can work in close cooperation with both public and private organisations. IBEC is one of the 20 research institutions labelled as a Severo Ochoa Research Centre, which recognizes excellence at the highest international level in terms of research, training, human resources, outreach and technology transfer. Since 2015, IBEC is awarded with the ‘Human Resources Excellence in Research’. IBEC has decided to launch the Programme in Bioengineering Excellence Scientific Training (BEST). The programme aims to attracting international experienced researchers in the areas of Nanomedicine, Cell Engineering and ICT for Health, the three research Flagships at IBEC. BEST Postdoctoral Programme will provide exceptional training opportunities for up to 24 (in 2 calls of 12 positions per call) high-potential fellows, with a 2-year contract at IBEC and funded interdisciplinary and intersectoral placements at world-class research centres, hospitals and companies within IBECs global network of collaborating institutions, which so far includes 16 academic institutions, 5 hospitals and 11 companies from 4 different continents. BEST represents a unique opportunity to widen career perspectives of BEST fellows and create a talented workforce in biomedical engineering, an exciting multidisciplinary field that is called to transform healthcare in the XXI Century.

Mots clés : bioengineering, nanomedicine, ict for health, cell engineering, future medicine, regenerative, therapies, healthy ageing, training, innovation, healthcare

Participants :
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 1699200.0 €
Projet MLending (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is frequently argued to be an agent of its most powerful shareholders. Challenging the common belief that strategic allies of the US and/or G5 countries always get better deals from the IMF, whereas it is the IMF staff who has the main leverage over the design of conditionality when low-income countries are borrowing from the Fund, this project will develop a novel framework, drawing upon existing literature on the IMF, in order to present a comprehensive model that takes into account all actors having an impact on IMF program design. The following questions will be at the core of this research: What factors influence the terms of an IMF program? And how do those factors play into shaping the design of the programs? Through creating an original framework, the project will aim to provide an indispensable and extensible tool for international political economy researchers, policymakers, governments and IMF staff to model the program design and implementation process with high predictive power of the outcomes. The project will make a major contribution to the literature by creating a machine learning (ML) model for predicting the loan size, number of IMF conditions and waivers during program implementation, which complements traditional statistical models by integrating a larger number of variables and providing high accuracy of prediction. The project will also create a natural language processing (NLP) tool for automated, fast analysis of the IMF’s Executive Board meeting minutes, which is able to capture elements including individual board member sentiments, alliance between representatives of different countries and G5 stance with high accuracy. The research will take on board an eclectic approach, using mixed methods involving ML, NLP, statistical analyses, and process tracing of in-depth case studies (namely Romania and Greece) to account for the variation in the terms of IMF programs.

Mots clés : international political economy, international organizations, international financial institutions, process tracing, machine learning, natural language processing, computational social science

Participants :
- Koç University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 145355.52 €