Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ASPIRe (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The ASPIRe project will provide the experienced fellow, Dr Morgane M.G. Perron, expert in biogeochemistry at the air-sea interface, unique competences in organic Fe speciation in rainwater and aerosols, which are currently missing to the research field of atmospheric biogeochemistry, at the University of Western Brittany (UBO). A secondment at the University of Liverpool (Uni. Liv.) will teach her new skills in voltammetry techniques. The project will consolidate her scientific expertise and maturity and strengthen her scientific network with the goal of holding a permanent academic position in France. ASPIRe proposes to develop a new analytical method to measure the organic speciation of Fe in dry atmospheric samples collected over the largely understudied regions of the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. Atmospheric Fe measurements produced during the ASPIRe project will enable a comprehensive characterisation of Fe speciation in the atmosphere over the Southern Ocean, especially the fraction of aerosol Fe which is effectively bioavailable to marine phytoplankton. This is of key interest as the lack of bioavailable Fe drastically limits marine productivity in this vast oceanic region, impacting the extent and magnitude of atmospheric CO2 drawdown by the Southern Ocean. A multi-disciplinary synthesis of new atmospheric Fe measurements produced by the ASPIRe project and new and existing oceanic Fe measurements from the GEOTRACES, SOLAS and SANAP research programmes in the same study region will refine the link between atmospheric Fe deposition and oceanic productivity in the Southern Ocean in the present time. This work will open perspective collaborations to model the impact of atmospheric Fe deposition under future climate conditions. The ASPIRe project contributes to the EU and United Nations Decade of Ocean (2021-2030) objectives to preserve our oceans, to increase scientific cooperation and to raise public awareness on climate change.

Mots clés : iron binding ligands aerosol iron air sea interface southern ocean biological carbon pump

Participants :
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €
- Université de Liverpool (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Quivers (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Identifying the near-horizon black hole microstates which produce the correct black hole entropy formula is a fundamental open problem in theoretical physics, and at the same time, it is the ultimate aim of AdS/CFT holography. Quiver quantum mechanics captures the bound states of D-brane constituents of 4-dimensional extremal black holes. It is a unique description compared to all previously known examples of CFTs in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence because it allows a direct interpretation of its ground states as bound states of BPS (Bogomolny-Prasad-Sommerfield) black holes in four-dimensional supergravity.  Conformal symmetry appears in the scaling limit of the effective Coulomb branch quiver mechanics. We recently developed a geometric gauged sigma model reformulation for this model as a type-B superconformal mechanics. It is a powerful interpretation because it provides a differential geometric description for the Hilbert space. Using this formulation as our groundwork, we will obtain a definitive result for the ground state degeneracies of the scaling quiver quantum mechanics by applying regularisation and Atiyah-Bott localisation techniques that were applied before for type-A superconformal mechanical models. Furthermore, this computation will provide the first-ever superconformal index computation for type-B models. Through the microscopic entropy computation, we will obtain an identification of the ground states of quiver D-brane quantum mechanics with pure AdS(2) black hole microstates, and hence the first ever evidence for the pure AdS(2)/CFT(1) holography. We will use this result to resolve long-standing problems about the AdS(2) BPS black holes in the supergravity regime. For example, we will determine the existence of a possible (topological) quantum hair for AdS(2) scaling black holes, thereby obtaining concrete evidence either for the traditional empty-space or the fuzzball picture for the horizon neighbourhood of this class of black holes.

Mots clés : bps states, superconformal mechanics, supersymmetry, supergravity, witten index, bound states, quiver quantum mechanics, anti de sitter, conformal field theory, holography, atiyah bott localisation

Participants :
- Université nationale de Taïwan (Taïwan) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (Japon) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- FZU  Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 150438.72 €
- Université de Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MetaMagic (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Due to striking advantages such as rapid response and reversible change in the shape and properties under remotely applied magnetic fields, soft magnetoactive materials have become an attractive material platform for human-technology interfaces, soft robotics, actuators and sensors, and biomedical devices. However, a systematic understanding of their dynamic behaviors in the extreme regime is still lacking, creating a bottleneck to innovation and limiting their tremendous potential in nondestructive testing, energy harvesting, and smart soft wave devices.  MetaMagic aims at developing an experimentally-informed framework to design and discover novel Soft Magnetoactive Metamaterial systems with tunable and unusual elastic wave characteristics beyond the wavelength limit, with a view to industrial applications in the design of smart wave manipulation devices. The project proposes to exploit the Unique Transformative Ability of soft magnetoactive materials integrated into the Neat Metamaterial Design incorporating the local resonance and topological phase transition, polar and asymmetric, and nonlinear vector solitary effects.  The action mixes ad-hoc theoretical modelling with experimental tests and numerical simulations, by fully leveraging the host and secondment institutions' expertise and facilities, and experience in scientific management. The training programme is structured to strengthen my interdisciplinary skills and will allow me to grow as a world-class leader in the emerging field of tunable and reconfigurable metamaterials.  The output of this action will open new levels of performance in a variety of advanced applications, from broadband vibration isolation at challenging low-frequency ranges to robust energy harvesting with ultra-high transmission rates. Ultimately, MetaMagic will advance the frontier of knowledge about reconfigurable soft metamaterials – contributing to Horizon Europe's policy and strategy in the key area of "Advanced Materials".

Mots clés : soft magnetoactive metamaterials magneto mechanical coupling reconfigurable microstructures tunable wave manipulations nonlinear magnetoelasticity

Participants :
- Université nationale d'Irlande à Galway (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 199694.4 €
- Université de Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CosmoClusterPlasmas (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The intracluster medium provides a window into the formation history of galaxy clusters and understanding its detailed dynamics (e.g. turbulence and heating/cooling balance) is of paramount importance for cosmology, galaxy formation, and even plasma physics. Upcoming X-ray telescopes will soon be able to directly measure the velocity of the intracluster medium in exquisite detail. This is bound to revolutionize our understanding of galaxy cluster dynamics, merger activity, and fundamental plasma processes across a vast range of scales under conditions which are impossible in terrestrial labs.  These imminent advances in observational X-ray astronomy demand a similar advancement in our theoretical understanding. A severe limitation of current cosmological simulations is that they assume that the intracluster medium is fully collisional even though it is known to be only weakly collisional. This MCSA Fellowship will allow me to perform the first cosmological galaxy cluster simulations that move beyond the collisional assumption in order to make detailed predictions for the weakly collisional turbulent medium. The results of this work will be useful for observers using galaxy clusters in order to to constrain cosmological parameters and to plasma physicists using galaxy clusters as a plasma physics laboratory.  I will carry out the project at the Niels Bohr Institute in collaboration with Prof. Troels Haugbølle, who is an expert on zoom simulations, plasma physics, cosmology and turbulence, and with Dr. Henrik Latter, an expert on the physics of weakly collisional plasmas, during a secondment at the University of Cambridge. The MCSA Fellowship will allow me to take leadership in the emerging field of high-fidelity comparisons between cosmological simulations and X-ray observations and its extensive training program will prepare me well for my next career stage as I seek to build my own group and obtain a permanent position in Europe.

Mots clés : intracluster medium

Participants :
- Université de Copenhague (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
- Université de Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet GEOLEARN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The use of renewable hydrogen as green fuel and energy storage was deemed key to achieve the European Green Deal. However, its large-scale storage is still facing significant challenges. Measurement inversion via deep learning (DL) is a state-of-the-art approach used for underground storage-site detection and monitoring. However: 1) It requires a huge amount of training data; 2) DL training is expensive, and 3) There are no efficient and reliable DL techniques for multiscale electromagnetic measurement inversion.  The goal of GEOLEARN is to guide hydrogen storage technologies by inverting subsurface multiscale electromagnetic measurements in real time using energy-efficient DL methods. For this purpose, GEOLEARN will leverage mixed-precision (MP) computations to maximise energy- and cost-efficiency, and ensure scalability. GEOLEARN proposes to address the above challenges as follows: 1) Develop MP finite element methods (FEMs) that can rapidly generate large training data; 2) Design MP DL algorithms that can efficiently process huge databases during training and invert measurements in real time, and 3) Apply the new techniques to invert multiscale geophysical electromagnetic measurements and guide hydrogen storage.  We will collaborate with industry to disseminate the project results and maximise exploitation, and the new methods will lead to high impacts in and outside academia.  The host has extensive experience in DL methods for inverse problems in geophysics and FEMs, and already collaborates with relevant companies. The secondment host is expert in high-performance computing and FEMs, and the applicant is expert in MP methods for scientific computing. This multidisciplinary research team is essential for the success of GEOLEARN, and will enhance the applicant's knowledge, network and skills, promoting his future career in research in Europe. The hosts and applicant will mutually benefit from the project outcomes and the industrial and academic collaborations.

Mots clés : underground hydrogen storage, subsurface characterisation, deep learning for inverse problems, multiscale inverse problems, reduced and mixed precision computing, finite element method

Participants :
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 181152.96 €
- Université de Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Housane (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Aliphatic sp3-rich ring systems such as cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes are commonly observed motif in drug molecules. This is due to the fact that they can positively influence metabolic stability, conformation, pKa, entropy, membrane permeability or pharmacokinetics in drug leads. However, the molecule consists of a cyclopropane fused to cyclobutane, traditionally known as ‘housane’ is significantly underexplored and yet to appear in drug molecules. This can largely be attributed to the lack of general synthetic methods for the preparation of this motif. Current protocols for the synthesis of housane, require multistep manipulations or pre-functionalized substrates, which means low efficiency and sustainability. Housane aims to develop an innovative technology to rapidly construct housanes and housane derivative of drug molecules from feedstock and fine alkenes based on a Rh-catalyzed carbyne transfer platform. A key strength of this conceptually new and multidisciplinary proposal is the introduction of a secondment phase in Janssen (Toledo, Spain) to explore real-life applications. The ambitious action merges perfectly with the expertise of the host in novel C-H and C–C bond functionalization strategies based on the catalytic generation of carbyne equivalents with the strong background of the applicant in transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution chemistry, thus enhancing two-way transfer of knowledge between the ER and the host group. This project will expose the fellow to a wide range of cutting-edge chemistry including medicinal chemistry in an interdisciplinary and international environment (ICIQ, Janssen) and enable the fellow to become a leader for the next generation in the field of organic synthesis, homogeneous catalysis and medicinal chemistry.

Mots clés : rh carbynoids, hypervalent iodine reagents, diazo compounds, cyclopropanes, housanes

Participants :
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 209914.56 €
- Johnson & Johnson (United States) (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet REWARD (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

Black holes are the most extreme and compact objects in the universe. Since their theoretical prediction, scientists have tried to shed light on these objects that swallow everything that comes close to them, including light. This is a fascinating paradox that poses difficult challenges to study black holes in the universe. Fortunately, these objects leave their traces imposing their extreme gravitational pull on the surrounding matter, while it is falling into the black hole. The REWARD project aims to study accreting black holes in order to obtain the most accurate measurements of their two parameters: spin and mass. Such measurements would allow, for the first time, to reconcile the tension from gravitational waves and X-ray models, and build a coherent picture of black hole phenomenology. Recently launched X-ray missions (e.g. NICER, NuSTAR) have provided unprecedented high signal-to-noise energy spectra and fast timing resolution observations, which require a new generation of models for their interpretation. In order to do it, I will combine hydrodynamics simulations with X-ray models. In particular, I will model radiation reflected from the accretion disk, accounting for the simulated 3D density structure of the disk. I will compare these new models with X-ray observations of accreting black holes, and I will provide robust spin and mass measurements of those systems.

Mots clés : astrophysical accreting black holes

Participants :
- Université de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet FASTIDIoUS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The effect of gravitational lensing, which means that light of a background source is deflected by a massive object such as a galaxy cluster, enables the possibility to probe the universe in multiple aspects, including the study of magnified high-redshift objects, novel cosmological measurements of the Hubble constant, and of the dark matter and dark energy density parameter values, as well as investigations on the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters and their member galaxies in an overdense environment. The project aims to develop a Fully Autonomous Search Tool to Investigate Directly Images and mOdeling of Unexplored Strong-lenses (FASTIDIoUS). The objectives of the FASTIDIoUS project are 1) to increase the sample of known strong lensing clusters using deep learning techniques, 2) to develop and model with an automated pipeline multiple galaxy-scale lenses within clusters to study their formation and evolution, and 3) to expand one model to the full cluster to make the first comparison between a state-of-the-art model based on image positions only and a model based on the image pixel values directly, yielding insight in the effect of constraining the mass parameters through the pixel values and allowing a source surface brightness reconstruction, as so far only performed with galaxy-scale lenses. The FASTIDIoUS project that I will carry out at the University of Milan is an innovative project built to impact several areas within the galaxy evolution and strong lensing fields. I will bring extensive experience in strong lens modeling and some unique expertise with deep learning tools applied to various astrophysical aspects. This will facilitate the research in the group and the transfer of knowledge, and expand my deep learning and modeling experience, transferable skills, and professional networks. Carrying out FASTIDIoUS within a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship will enhance the development of my career as a complete and independent leading researcher.

Mots clés : gravitational lensing, deep learning

Participants :
- Université de Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet PEACE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The synthesis of heterodiaryl-based quaternary stereocenters is a very challenging task in organic synthesis, especially in the creation of highly functional scaffolds. Tetrahedral, congested carbons centers bearing two different aryl moieties have great importance for structure−activity relationship (SAR) studies in pharmaceutical discovery programs. Their presence in biological active natural products makes them fundamental for the future development of new bioactive molecules. Up to now, their synthesis requires unsustainable methodologies that involve high cost, unfavourable step-economy and a negative waste profile features and need highly reactive compounds that only permit low functional groups tolerance. Moreover, the enantioselective synthesis of both product enantiomer requires the use of both catalyst enantiomers raising the cost of the process. Therefore, it is fundamental to develop a simple, scalable and environmentally friendly approach for the enantioselective synthesis of compounds comprising heterodiaryl-quaternary stereocenters and functionalized derivatives. The PEACE project aims to develop a novel photocatalyzed, enantiodivergent synthesis process leading to such heterodiarylated all-carbon stereocenters. The designed dual catalytic cycle of the PEACE project merges Pd and photoredox catalysis to promote the enantioselective construction of new sp3-sp2 carbon-carbon bonds resulting into products featuring a quaternary carbon stereocenter. The enantiodivergent strategy is based on a judicious choice of structurally modular reaction partners with switchable aryl groups. The combination of VCCs (vinyl,aryl-substituted cyclic carbonates) and a new aryl radical precursor offers an innovative enantiodivergent reaction pathway leading to challenging quaternary stereocenters creating impetus in the area of organic synthetic chemistry, and revolutionizing similar synthetic designs in the pharmaceutical industry.

Mots clés : allylic chemistry, heterocyclic synthesis, radical chemistry, palladium chemistry, quaternary carbon stereocenters

Participants :
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165312.96 €
- Johnson & Johnson (United States) (Espagne) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €