Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet DEPART (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to provide in-depth research on technical art history and scientific analysis on the early Picasso objects (paintings and graphic art), largely deposited at the host institution, the Picasso Museum in Barcelona (MPB). This interdisciplinary research between curatorial, conservation, and natural science approaches includes investigating the painting techniques and artists’ materials of early period artworks (1895-1900). The final goal of this project is to offer an open access platform/database of technical art historical and scientific research which will help national and international scholars to unveil ambiguities still existing on Picasso’s artistic discourses. Moreover, results from this project will also help professionals to better design exhibition, conservation, storage and display strategies which will be of paramount importance to preserve our cultural heritage for future generations. The candidate’s conservation scientist background, expertise on modern materials, and her network with museums and academic institutions will be beneficial for this project and the host institutions. At the same time, by working on such top-notch Museum and scientific academia environment (University of Barcelona (UB), project’s secondment institution), the candidate future professional career will clearly benefit. The successful implementation of the research and training objectives will be secured by the resources of the highly qualified institutions involved in this project (Picasso Museum Barcelona and the University of Barcelona). In-situ studies, preparation of samples and paint replicas, and documentation of Picasso’s artworks will be done at the MPB. The scientific analysis of samples will be carried out at the UB, where a range of analytical equipment is available. Results obtained from this project will lay the foundation for a future international Picasso Museum network platform.

Mots clés : picasso s early artworks, technical art history, conservation science, paintings, graphic art

Participants :
- Fundacio museu picasso de barcelona (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet RelImprecision (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to provide the first analysis of relational contracting when the parties do not (initially) have precise information about the various courses of actions, and experiment them through the relationship. Examples include innovative activeties such as book publishing, research and development, technology adoption in developing countries, and drafting rules and laws in bureaucratic setting. We introduce in relational contracts framework imprecision about the prospects of actions. Imprecision is formulated as ‘ambiguity’ by building on recent developments in decision theoretic literature. The aim in this project is to explore how the interaction of imprecise perceptions about the consequences of actions and moral hazard introduce new conceptual and analytical issues and how such an interaction plays a role in shaping dynamic relational incentives. An understanding of these questions is relevant not only for motivating research and development, but also for diverse applications including technology adoption in developing countries, book publishing, as well as drafting new policies and rules of law. In publishing an author will typically have some imprecise information about the new project as previous experience is only partly relevant for new venture, and possibly better information in writing the book than the publisher. Technology adoption in developing countries is similarly dynamic process of experimentation and learning via relationship. Local entrepreneurs have better yet imprecise ideas about new technologies and new practices than development agencies. In policy making and drafting new rules of laws, uncertainty about various acts can shape the optimal degree of delegation implied by the moral hazard between politicians and between bureaucrats so that evidence-based policy-making can be achieved in a healthy democracy.

Mots clés : relational contracts, ambiguity, experimentation, learning

Participants :
- The University of Texas System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Carlos III University of Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 163099.2 €
Projet CSR_MEMORY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to provide understanding on why and how we as societies often forget instances of corporate irresponsibility over time, and thus fail to hold firms accountable over the long term, and expose ourselves to recurring trauma. Literature on political CSR has emphasized the active role firms take in influencing their surroundings, while recent research has highlighted the relatively low salience over time of many events of corporate (ir)responsibility. The concept of collective memory offers a lens for interrogating corporate pasts and into why and how we collectively remember and forget meaningful events of corporate irresponsibility, and how corporations may influence this process. This has implications for the efficacy of stakeholder pressure - or voluntary corporate social responsibility - as a mechanism for controlling the negative externalities caused by firm activity, which is particularly significant because of how CSR has become a policy tool for the EU and nation states. This project is a two-tier empirical study into the remembering and forgetting of instances of corporate irresponsibility. - The first part is an in-depth case study combining automated content analysis and discourse analysis of newspaper data in order to identify communications strategies and related discursive practices that can be utilized to influence the content and form of mnemonic traces of firm events. - The second part is a qualitative comparative analysis of a range of cases of corporate irresponsibility in order to identify the conditions and mechanisms through which instances of irresponsible firm activity are institutionalized, reconfigured, and forgotten in collective memory. The excellent research infrastructure of the beneficiary and the secondment organization and the learning of cutting-edge methodologies would provide me exceptional opportunities to kick off my career as a full-fledged academic researcher, and would be of benefit to the citizens of EU.

Mots clés : corporate social responsibility, collective memory

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet HOPE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to reconstruct the genetic relationships between our and extinct hominin species from sites and time periods incompatible with ancient DNA preservation through mass-spectrometry based sequencing of ancient hominin proteins. Understanding the evolutionary relationships between extinct and extant hominins is a major goal of palaeoanthropology, including insights into population dynamics and traits selected for/against in particular hominin lineages. Up to recently this was exclusively achieved through ancient DNA analysis. Ancient DNA survives for a limited amount of time, however, and is commonly degraded entirely after 0.5 or 1.0 Ma. A new biomolecular approach to this issue is the analysis of ancient proteins preserved in enamel, dentine and bone from hominin fossils, as recent studies demonstrate that ancient proteins survive for longer stretches of time than DNA. HOPE will advance these developments by applying novel methodological approaches to the extraction and characterization of hominin ancient proteins in samples beyond the survival of ancient DNA. Specific objectives are 1) to test proposed evolutionary hypotheses on hominin evolution through the characterization of ancient enamel protein sequences from a number of extinct hominin populations of significant age, 2) to increase non-collagenous protein sequence recovery from dentine samples, 3) to explore the population proteomic potential of hominin proteomes, and 4) to understand changes in enamel proteome composition throughout hominid evolution. These objectives will be realized by analysing hominin specimens from a range of taxonomic clades present in the Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene of Africa and Eurasia. HOPE thereby provides novel interdisciplinary insights into human evolution and methodological tools of use across palaeonthropology and evolutionary biology.

Mots clés : ancient proteins, human evolution

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet ROBBINS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project aims to unlock the potential of natural biopolymers such as chitosan and protein which have been increasingly appreciated for not only their renewability (vs petroleum-derived polymers) but also their unique properties for various applications. However, enormous challenges exist to process biopolymers, to disperse nanoparticles in biopolymer matrices, and to achieve desired properties. This research specifically focuses on creating low-cost green biopolymer-graphene nanocomposites with tailored structure and properties via an innovative highly-efficient continuous engineering process. The core objective is to understand the fundamental physicochemical and rheological interactions between biopolymers and graphene with the smart use of novel additives/plasticisers, for precisely controlling composite structural evolution during melt processing. Initially, this will rely on the design of graphene and additives/plasticisers for the biopolymers, and then melt processing and plasticisation of biopolymer-based materials to realise specially oriented distribution of graphene on the nanoscale. Consequently, the interrelationships between processing conditions (affecting the interactions) and material properties (e.g. mechanical, electroconductivity) will be established. The understanding from this project is critical to engineering various biopolymer materials with tailored structures and properties for high-value application areas (e.g. biomedical, environmental). The advancement of knowledge will have a ground-breaking impact on the plastics industry by providing truly high-performance “green” polymer options in major new technology areas that traditional plastics cannot service. Via research and innovation, this multidisciplinary project will enable substantial transfer of knowledge and skills between both parties and provide the Experienced Researcher with widened competencies for research independence and maturity, relevant to the Horizon 2020 Work Program.

Mots clés : polysaccharides, carbohydrate polymers, natural polymers, polymer engineering, polymer, processing, polymer composite

Participants :
- University of Warwick (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet MESOPOLIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project bridges a gap between the sciences and humanities by focusing on the acquisition, use, and development of literacy and knowledge in a distinct and remote population, the ancient city of Nippur (located in Southern Iraq in the early 2nd Millennium BCE). It asks, “in this time and place, how and to what extent did education relay the practical knowledge necessary for a professional career?” To answer this question, it will study prose, documentary, and numerical literacy, between male and female professionals from Nippur, the intellectual and ideological capital of early Mesopotamia. To do this, it will examine economic and academic texts originating primarily from Nippur. A key archive that is the basis to my study is currently in the process of being analyzed and published, and this fellowship would allow me to make a unique contribution to this effort. This study will be of use to economic and educational researchers and policy makers as a case study to compare against future endeavors. The applicability of education is an elusive subject in Assyriology (the study of ancient Iraq and its interactions with the greater Near East). No systematic study of the applicability of education exists for the ancient Near East. However, three methodological improvements will be developed with this project to allow such a study. My work at Yale University studying Old Babylonian archival practices, my work at Paris studying errors, mistakes, and rounded values in Old Babylonian mathematics, and my current research in numeric literacy at the Max Planck institute give me the ideal background to undertake this project. This project will be the first of a series of studies on literacy in the ancient world, which will allow for a comparative study of the impact of

Mots clés : prose literacy, document literacy, numeric literacy, education, practice, archival studies, mathematical economics

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 219312.0 €
Projet ECURES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project brings a sociological perspective to the field of roboethics and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). The focus is on robots defined as physically embodied artificial agents, particularly new types of robots such as social robots that are designed in appearance and functionality to communicate with humans and engage them in social interactions. In order to ensure that robotics technologies are beneficial for society it is important to develop frameworks for ethical robot design and responsible robotics. Yet, from the roboticists’ perspective, the existing approaches and initiatives dedicated to ethics in robotics have been considered as largely inadequate as they often cannot be easily translated into the engineering and computer science terms, and implemented into the actual robot design. Thus, the question is how to facilitate integration of ethics into the actual roboticists’ thinking and work. We propose here that one way to achieve such a goal is by fostering the emergence of a ‘culture of responsible robotics’. The aim of the project is to investigate which strategies and measures would need to be undertaken in order to facilitate the emergence of such a culture of responsible robotics, which primarily and ultimately would pertain to the considerations and practices of robot developers and users, but also will need to begin with the HRI research community.

Mots clés : roboethics, qualitative sociology, human robot interaction, social robots

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 219312.0 €
Projet SACREDSPACE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project challenges our understanding of medieval sacred spaces––churches, chapels, shrines, and processions between them––by arguing that they functioned not only as spaces of worship but as arenas of political conflict in England and Europe between ca. 1250 and 1450. This transformational period follows the fourth Lateran council and the Church’s inauguration of a powerful pastoral programme that sought to control and foster lay participation in the church, and ends with the decline of spiritual authority following the social transformations and calamities of the fourteenth century. I argue that the ritual symbols and practices that defined sacred spaces were harnessed in tactical and opportunistic acts that challenged the social hierarchies and power relations that sacred spaces reflected and legitimised. By considering sacred spaces as deeply intertwined with structures of power and authority, this project will transform scholarship that has thus far largely focused on ‘secular’ areas as the main sites of social conflict. I will integrate a wide variety of sources to examine how class, social status, and gender shaped acts of disruption that contested the social hierarchies and power relations that were expressed and legitimised through sacred spaces, thus refuting the projection of strict modern boundaries between sacred and profane onto the medieval past that is implicit in modern historiography. During the fellowship, I will undertake archival and library research in England, building up a database of cases that I will draw on to produce a chapter for a volume I am co-editing and two long articles. I will also begin working on a monograph on during the fellowship that considers cases from a wider European context. The project will demonstrate the wider resonance of religious culture and liturgy in political history, and, for a broader academic readership, the political potential of public space, long imbued with the habits of ritual Christianity.

Mots clés : sacred space, late medieval england, medieval europe, church history, lay resistance, gender

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Amazonart (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project develops a novel theoretical and methodological approach to understand the work, trajectories and activism of indigenous Amazonian contemporary artists as they enter global art circuits and seeks to produce more suitable curatorial narratives. Over the last decade the field of contemporary art has expanded its boundaries through the integration of art practices from various parts of the globe including indigenous art. A significant scholarship has traced the practices and global articulations of Australian and North American indigenous artists, which have developed a strong circuit of art agents and stimulated readjustments in art historical narratives. Yet the global rise of other vibrant indigenous art practices requires immediate attention. This is the case of Amazonian contemporary art which is mobilising different aesthetics and agendas and proposing novel contributions to the arts and humanities at large. With a focus on Amazonian Peruvian artists, this project develops a novel approach to explore the work, trajectories and activism of indigenous Amazonian contemporary artists as they enter global art circuits. Its aim is to produce the first major study on Amazonian contemporary art that expands the current framework of analysis of art and shamanism to look at artists’ practices, agendas and mobility across the local, urban, national and global arenas and to propose more suitable vocabularies and curatorial narratives. It does this through an innovative collaborative methodology with Amazonian artists responding to their aim of self-representation. This MSCA action draws on my on-going collaborations with Amazonian artists and on my background in the fields of anthropology, museum studies and cultural policies. The participatory and interdisciplinary approach of this research seeks to contribute to dialogues amongst anthropology, art history and curatorial studies and benefit museum practices and policies in addressing indigenous art today.

Mots clés : amazonian art, indigenous self representation, activism and mobility, anthropology of art, aesthetics and politics, collaborations, curatorial narratives, contemporary art, global art history

Participants :
- University of Essex (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet TOPEX (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project develops a philosophical account of a new kind of explanations that recently became prominent in neuroscience. On this approach, systems such as brain are represented as networks of their elements and their interactions. The explanation is then given in terms of features of connectedness (that is why it is called topological) of a network representing a system. The aim of this project is to develop a comprehensive account of topological explanations and to systematically introduce it to the mainstream debates in philosophy of mind and philosophy of neuroscience. Doing so, will allow us to come in a position to solve a set of some of the most vexing problems in these two major areas of philosophy, such as transparency of explanations in philosophy of mind and universality of explanations in philosophy of neuroscience. The novelty, originality and timeliness of my project is that it provides a new and compelling way of looking at how a major set of problems in philosophy of mind and philosophy of neuroscience is both formulated and addressed in the light of the new way of doing science. This will be accomplished by developing a systematic framework for understanding how target systems and phenomena are represented in topological explanations (models), what are the constraints on what is represented (explanatory limits), and by showing how exactly topological explanations provide better basis for the transparency and universality of explanations.

Mots clés : scientific explanation, topological explanation, scientific modeling, semantic explanation, mechanisms, philosophy of neuroscience

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €