Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NANO-MIR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposal aims at implementing novel functionalities for mid-infrared optoelectronic devices and to study novel physical phenomena, enabled by a new class of 3D plasmonic nanostructures that provide access to electromagnetic field confinements. The specific goal is to fully develop and exploit the potential of nano-antenna-mediated light confinement, funneling energy onto optically active materials with unprecedented efficiency. This will be done by tackling two main broad challenges, one applicative and a second one more exploratory. On one hand, we will develop devices with high non-linear response, targeting especially second harmonic generation, thanks to the giant field enhancements available. We expect this development to yield record-high conversion efficiencies, paving the way for a more broadband use of IR laser sources. Inherently effective in absorbing optical energy, this architecture has a great potential also a a tool for complementary device families, such as mid-IR detectors. On the other hand, we will pioneer the field of single-object cavity-electrodynamics in the mid-infrared, bringing to a further level the energy concentration capabilities of 3D nanostructures and demonstrating strong light-matter coupling between a single nano-antenna and a mid-IR electronic excitation, with an extremely small number of electrons involved. This approach will permit access to currently unexplored regimes of light-matter interaction.


Participants :
- Université Paris-Saclay (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet HotCoalgebras (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposal is in mathematics, its content is part of algebraic topology and homotopy theory. It aims at deepening our understanding of the homotopy theory of cosimplicial unstable (co-)algebras over the Steenrod algebra and its relation to the homotopy theory of cosimplicial spaces. This is achieved by new methods developed recently by the ER (Dr. Biedermann) and coauthors and by methods from Goodwillie calculus. Specifically, there are three closely related parts/work packages: 1. Prove a general vanishing theorem of higher obstructions for realizing a map on homology as a map of spaces. The theorem is known to hold in rational homotopy and in the mod p Massey-Peterson case. 2. Find an algebraic description of the first obstruction living in Andre-Quillen cohomology (AQC) to the existence of a realization of unstable coalgebras. 3. Define natural operations on AQC of unstable coalgebras with general coefficients. As part of the risk management we describe two further fallback projects: 4. Study the Goodwillie tower of the identity functor of simplicial unstable algebras and relate its layers to AQC. 5. Describe the algebra of homotopy operations on simplicial commutative algebras for odd primes p. These projects are parts of a program of the ER to investigate realization problems and rigidity results associated to singular (co-)homology. A longterm goal (beyond the time frame of the fellowship) is to develop a deformation theory of unstable (co-)algebras over the Steenrod algebra and their realizing homotopy types in the mod p case.

Mots clés : unstable coalgebra, steenrod algebra, andr  quillen cohomology, obstruction theory, adams spectral sequence, cosimplicial objects

Participants :
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet Domesticities (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research proposes to investigate the relationship between gender, the (post)communist state and architecture in the passage from socialism to its aftermath in Bucharest, Romania. The project explores the manner in which housing infrastructure was employed as a political technology in the production of gendered subjectivities—that is, women’s embodied experience of the built environment—in the communist and post-communist periods. The fall of the communist regime in 1989 and the emergence of capitalist democracy served both to contest and reshape former boundaries between the private and the public realms. At the same time, housing infrastructure is the main inheritance of the communist system and constitutes, within a new socio-political condition permeated by Western images, the physical structure that must accommodate a new type of domesticity. The research defines domesticity as a changing set of attitudes and praxes that are specifically linked to the political intention embedded within the communist housing projects. The main research objective is to establish the significance of housing infrastructures built in Bucharest between 1955 -1984 in the regulation of the home, the family and women’s roles in the communist and post-communist periods. The research will achieve this objective by interrogating, on the one hand, the interaction between processes of regulating, designing, building, using and imagining socialist housing and, on the other hand, the actual lived experiences of women. The approach of this research project is interdisciplinary, employing ethnographic methods, archival research, and drawing on specific theoretical frameworks—from architecture, anthropology, and gender studies—for analysis and interpretation. The research will be a unique contribution to existing scholarship on the legacies of communism in states from Eastern Europe, by relating questions of gender to the constitution of domesticity through infrastructure.

Mots clés : socialist housing, gender, architecture, domestic infrastructure, domesticity, post communism, bucharest

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet MICCO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research seeks to measure and analyse the social and economic impact of selected Community Currencies in Europe with the use of a self-assessment Total Quality Management model called Common Assessment Framework. Complementary Currencies (CC) are a type of money designed to circulate alongside the Central Bank’s money to address objectives that the conventional money system does not. CC are tied to a specific demarcated community (i.e. locality, mutual-credit networks, sectoral vouchers). The Common Assessment Framework (CAF) engages the organisation and its beneficiaries and performs a study of its structure and operation at a particular point in time and place. The study will further organizational theory for sustainability and community building, contributing to the Europe 2020 strategy. It builds upon previous efforts funded by the European Union, namely Digipay4growth and CCIA, by studying the social and economic impact of these projects in order to further theorise CC from a systems and complexity theory perspective. The research will link micro-impact indicators at an organizational level, such as employment generation and access to financial services, with macro indicators at the national level, such as the enhanced GDP that includes well-being and life satisfaction, according to the Beyond GDP initiative of the European Commission. The research on CCs as an anti-crisis mechanism is topical at a time when the European Union member states and especially Greece are striving to cope with the financial crisis and its impact on national economies and societies. Several countries have experienced GDP declines and rising unemployment rates, while in Greece the indicators are even worse than during the Great Depression. In that line, the priorities of Europe 2020 include community currencies because of their effectiveness towards social innovation, new modes of sustainable economy, employment and enterprise creation, and local regeneration.

Mots clés : monetary innovation, total quality management, complexity theory, agent based modelling, action research, impact measurement

Participants :
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 177598.8 €
Projet WOOL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This study anthropologically investigates tensions within the transnational wool industry, a commercial network that emerged from European colonial projects that distributed sheep to the Global South’s grasslands. Wool production is an industry with a key paradox: it is highly industrialised yet cannot be detached from place-specific ecologies and social relations. Wool sheared from sheep is materially shaped by the geopolitical and ecological particularities of the grasslands where they are raised. This study explores 1) how these local diversities shape the global wool industry, 2) how local sheep rearing and landscape management practices are shaped by practitioners’ imaginaries of geographically distant parts of the wool industry. It develops a bottom-up approach to studying supply chains, attending to situated perspectives and knowledges of actors in three wool regions: Patagonia, Australia and South Africa. The approach deploys collaborative filmmaking as both method and analytical tool: the project engages sheep farmers, indigenous elderly, laboratory technicians and ambulant sheep shearers in the three regions, and businessmen at the Europe based International Wool Textile Organisation, in describing their version of global wool, analysing their own position within wool networks, and discussing how they understand the ‘globalities’ of the other sites. Building on previous work by the ER and conversations in visual anthropology, the project positions collaborative filmmaking as research practice, not dissemination. It also specifically explores connections and imaginaries that travel directly across the Global South (and not via European centres). Bringing in Global South perspectives, this project disrupts a notion of linear north-south axes and describes how a complex weave of knowledges among grassland regions shapes sheep grazing and landscape management.

Mots clés : collaborative filmmaking, environmental anthropology, environmental humanities, landscapemaking, multi sited ethnography, multi species anthropology, visual anthropology, visual methods, wool

Participants :
- University of Cape Town (Afrique du Sud) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230352.96 €
Projet FEM-RESIST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This study focuses on the work of women photographers who participated in resistance movements and whose images were made to expose and resist repressive regimes. Although the significance of these activist movements is widely recognised, the role of women photographers remains marginalised and under-researched. At the centre of this project is an exploration of the lives and work of the women who formed part of the Dutch resistance movement, De Ondergedoken Camera (The Underground Camera), and of the women who were members of the anti-apartheid photography collective, Afrapix. This research will deepen understandings of the role women have played in resistance activities in transnational perspective. This research will open academic and public discussions about women and resistance in transnational perspective, will deepen understandings of women’s experiences, and ultimately aims to address gender inequality, a cross-cutting objective of the Horizon 2020 programme. I will be hosted at the Netherlands Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (NIOD) in Amsterdam, where I will be supervised and mentored by Professor Ismee Tames. The research is premised on Responsible Research and Innovation and will result in a symposium on photography and resistance; a special issue of a journal on the theme of women and resistance; an exhibition of photographs at NIOD and related public discussions; three workshops for emerging researchers and young people; and the publication of four peer-reviewed articles. The overall aim of the project is to strengthen my research capacity and skills to assist in securing a leading research position that will enable me to contribute my knowledge and skills towards the goal of achieving more reflective, cohesive and equitable societies.

Mots clés : resistance, photography, feminist historiography, world war two, apartheid

Participants :
- Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet Drought (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This study investigates possibilities of finding long-lasting solutions to real-life socio-economic difficulties triggered by recurring droughts (shangwa) in modern southern Africa over half a century, 1966-2016. It focuses on evaluating drought coping strategies in the semi-tropical and drought-prone region. Based on the research as it matures, it proposes to make significant suggestions for long-term solutions in drought disaster preparedness and management. My project uses a multiple case study and a comparative approach, investigating specific drought-prone areas in four different countries—South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana and Zimbabwe. Specific areas to be investigated are Gauteng in South Africa, Inhambane in Mozambique, Kgatleng in Botswana, and Midlands in Zimbabwe. The research harnesses five broadly related interdisciplinary approaches: historical, comparative multiple case studies, participatory rural appraisal, sustainable livelihoods, and appreciative inquiry analysis- all of them underpinned by semi-structured interviews.

Mots clés : drought, water, food, environment, climate, livelihoods, humans, southern, africa, agriculture, mitigation, measures, sustainability

Participants :
- University of Basel (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203149.44 €
Projet BIVIUM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This three-year research project aims to produce the first comprehensive social and cultural history of doubt and unbelief in Renaissance Italy. The project is timely since scholarly attention to the topic of unbelief and skepticism in Early Modern Europe is growing, as evidenced by recent publications and major research projects. In a period of dramatic cultural, political and religious change, traditional ideas and beliefs were shaken; and doubts on human reason and its powers arose. As a result, intellectual and religious authorities and long-standing truths began to be questioned by intellectuals and commoners alike, and anxiety over the powers and reach of human reason spread. A number of works were published in the vernacular that dealt with doubt and addressed a broad public. These works have never been coherently and systematically studied. This project will fill the void analysing such works with an ground-breaking interdisciplinary methodology. It will result in new comprehension of crucial aspects of European cultural identity such as the rise of the notion of freedom of conscience and the development of intellectual inquiry, and will revolutionise the traditional scholarly approach to a key moment in Italian and European civilisation. Marco Faini, an experienced researcher with international experience in Germany (Wolfenbüttel, Münster), in the UK (Cambridge), and at Villa I Tatti, is confident that the development of this project will profoundly impact his career. Thanks to the training provided by Ca’ Foscari University in Venice and by the Faculty of History at Toronto University, Faini will acquire new skills and build fruitful relations with European and North-American institutions and scholars. The training, networks and publication of the project’s outcomes will increase Faini’s possibilities of obtaining a future ERC Grant and may also result in a tenure-track position at Ca’ Foscari University.

Mots clés : doubt, renaissance thought, unbelief, atheism, reformation, scepticism, vernacular

Participants :
- University of Toronto (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 229761.0 €
Projet ALHIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This training-through-research project at the Institute of Heritage Sciences of the Spanish National Research Council (Incipit-CSIC), aims both to generate new scientific knowledge on the archaeology of the landscapes and the socio-political processes of the Final Iron Age and the Early Roman period, and to enhance their value for cultural heritage management and development in Murcia, in the Spanish Southeast. In this sense, this proposal aims to create a fruitful link between the applicant’s historical and archaeological research background and skills and the opportunities to learn and to develop a heritage outreach project. The interest of the project is due to both, the lack of landscapes studies which focus on the Iron Age in this region from a diachronical and landscape perspective, and the remarkable socio-political transformations undergone by the local communities in the period between the 5th and the 1st centuries BC. The landscape will be here understood like expression of the social and political interactions, but also like a space with an active role in their development, at different levels. All the evidences will be compiled, for the first time, through an interdisciplinary methodology (archaeological record, ancient texts, paleoenvironmental data, integration in a GIS, etc.) and will be analysed from a contextualized and comparative European perspective, which the regional research in this period lacks. Results will be disseminated by means of several impact publications but also beyond the strictly scientific environment, with the support of the host centre, the regional museums and other institutions. Regarding the heritage perspective this project aims to allow the applicant to learn how to re-direct all this knowledge towards a proper and effective management and communication of the important and rather unknown heritage value of those sites.

Mots clés : archaeology, protohistory, iron age, landscape archaeology, heritage, iberian peninsula, sociopolitical transformations

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet CKI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Thoughts about counterfactual situations are a central feature of human cognition, key to planning in any domain of activity: What would happen if I missed a mortgage payment? What if Britain were to leave the EU? It seems that knowledge about counterfactual situations is possible under some circumstances. The project’s general aim is to improve our understanding of those circumstances, and what role the imagination plays in specifying them. The specific objectives are to investigate: (1) the connection between the epistemology of counterfactual conditionals and the epistemology of claims involving modal terms like “possible”, “necessary”, and “can”, (2) the role of the imagination in the epistemology of thought experiments in science, and (3) the cognitive architecture underlying counterfactual thinking. Over the course of investigating (1)-(3), I develop and defend the view that certain constrained imaginative exercises can provide knowledge about counterfactual situations. I will carry out this research within the interdisciplinary setting of the Institute for Logic, Language and Computation and the Department of Philosophy at the University of Amsterdam. My supervisor Francesco Berto is investigating questions highly relevant to my project’s, especially in his current work that develops a logic of conceivability. I will also make two visits to Oxford Philosophy to discuss my project research with Timothy Williamson, who has made some of the key contributions to the epistemology of counterfactual thinking and the imagination to date. The project will give me the opportunity to establish myself as an important scholar in analytic philosophy. By the project’s end, I will have submitted four articles to internationally leading journals in the field. The project will also enhance cooperation between UvA (ILLC/Philosophy) and Oxford (Philosophy).

Mots clés : imagination, epistemology of modality, counterfactual thinking, metaphysical modality, conceivability

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €