Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet LIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a well-recognized digestive disorder of high yielding dairy cows that has a negative impact on both animal health and herd profitability. It is associated with increased ruminal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and LPS has been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of SARA. LPS from E. coli (LPS-E) has been used to study its effects on the SARA pathogenesis. Our preliminary data showed that LPS-E participates in the pathogenesis of SARA by directly increasing the starch-digesting and lactate-producing ruminal bacteria and the genes involved in the LPS biosynthesis process. However, we do not know if LPS-E would be representative of LPS from ruminal bacteria (LPS-R), and thus we do not know how LPS released from SARA cows participate in the pathogenesis of SARA. Therefore, the objectives of this proposal are to 1) isolate LPS from the rumen bacteria by inducing SARA nutritional model in batch culture (WP1, 2, 5, 6 & 7); 2) and compare the effects of LPS-R with the LPS-E on ruminal fermentation, bacterial community composition (BCC), and function by using 16S rRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing in batch culture to elucidate the roles of LPS on the pathogenesis of SARA (WP1, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7). We hypothesis that 1) LPS from ruminal bacteria could be collected from culture media through inducing SARA nutritional model in batch culture; 2) LPS-R and LPS-E will have different effects on ruminal fermentation, BCC, and functions, but both of the two LPS sources would stimulate the bacteria and genes involved in starch digestion, lactic acid production, and LPS biosynthesis. We expect that our proposal could 1) fulfill the gap of knowledge of the role of LPS on the SARA pathogenesis; 2) provide the direction for industries to develop the products (e.g. clay) could inactive LPS in the rumen; 3) help European dairy industries save at least 994.4 million euros per year due to lower SARA prevalence.

Mots clés : ruminal originated lps, sara, rna sequencing, 16s rrna sequencing, in vitro

Participants :
- University of Milan (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 128604.96 €
Projet STE CECs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an understudied vector for pollution to the coastal ocean. Earlier work demonstrated that SGD is a major source of nutrients, carbon, and metals to the ocean, but it remains unclear whether SGD is a source or sink of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) to coastal waters. Many CECs can have negative ecological impacts even in trace quantities. For instance, disruption to invertebrate reproductive health or promotion of antimicrobial resistance have been directly linked to CECs in numerous studies. Before reaching the ocean, SGD travels through the subterranean estuary, a natural biogeochemical hotspot. I recently obtained initial evidence that SGD can release CEC compounds such as pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals to the coastal ocean, but do not have insight into how microbial processes may alter CECs in subterranean estuaries. I will study CEC behavior in the subterreanean estuary to resolve biogeochemical processing driving CEC release from contrasting coastal aquifer. I will rely on an interdisciplinary combination of field, lab, and modeling experiments to establish the controlling factors governing CEC behavior within subterranean estuaries and their eventual release to the coastal ocean via SGD. Field experiments will be conducted in contrasting silicate and carbonate systems to cover the wide range of conditions existing along the European coastline. Laboratory column experiments and groundwater modeling will provide conceptual insight into drivers of CEC in SGD. I will be based at the University of Gothenburg (UGOT), Sweden with a secondment in Germany and close collaboration with researchers in Spain, France, and Poland. These results will inform future EU initiatives and provide key information for upcoming EU CEC watchlists.

Mots clés : submarine groundwater discharge, subterranean estuary, contaminants of emerging concern, micropollutants, coastal hydrology, groundwater, radium, radon

Participants :
- University of Gothenburg (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet MARGRAF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Submarine sediment gravity flows are some of the most important sediment transport processes globally. They pose a hazard to offshore infrastructure and may contribute to tsunami generation. The behaviour of these sediment flows, however, is still not fully understood. The Ionian Basin offshore eastern Sicily is characterised by high seismicity, tsunamis and gravity flows. The 1908 Messina earthquake, which caused >60,000 casualties, triggered an extensive turbidity current. The geohazard implication of gravity flows is poorly constrained for this densely populated and economically important region. The objectives of MARGRAF are to: 1) reconstruct the behaviour and evolution of the 1908 turbidity current; 2)evaluate the role of this turbidity current in the 1908 Messina tsunami; 3) test the effectiveness of using a submarine telecommunication cable to detect modern gravity flows; and 4) determine present-day probability of new turbidity currents being generated along the eastern Sicilian margin. Addressing these objectives will help to understand key processes involved in submarine gravity flows. The objectives will be fulfilled via a multidisciplinary and multi-scale analysis comprising geophysical and sedimentological data interpretation, numerical modelling, and laser interferometry. The researcher’s expertise in analysing submarine sediment failures will be crucial to implement the project’s objectives. Results will be disseminated to target audiences via different measures (e.g., newspapers). MARGRAF will be carried out at the Department of Geosciences of the University of Malta. Secondments in France and in Germany will provide data and training of relevant skills. By the end of the fellowship the researcher will have new technical skills (e.g., numerical modelling), and enhanced transferable skills (e.g., project management), which will provide the researcher with better chances of future employment in marine geoscientific research, especially within Europe.

Mots clés : submarine landslides and gravity flows, sedimentology, numerical simulation, marine geology, earthquakes, slope stability, monitoring

Participants :
- University of Malta (Malte) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 148049.28 €
Projet ERDS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

Suicide is a leading cause of death. One factor associated with risk for suicide is emotion regulation deficits. There is evidence linking suicide risk with self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation. However, the nature of such difficulties remains largely unknown. Existing research has mainly relied on self-reports, and did not clearly distinguish between deficits experienced at different stages of the regulatory process. ERDS will address this gap by assessing whether people at risk for suicide experience deficits in three individual stages of the emotion regulation process. Specifically, ERDS will test whether people at risk for suicide differ from psychiatric and non-psychiatric controls in their attempts to decrease negative emotions (Study 1), in their access to emotion regulation strategies (Study 2) and in their ability to implement effective strategies (Study 2). ERDS will also test whether such differences are moderated by gender. To do so, ERDS will go beyond self reports and utilize carefully controlled behavioral tasks and physiological measures of emotional reactivity. ERDS will also utilize Experience Sampling Methods to track emotion regulation and suicidal ideation in daily life (Study 1). Finally, ERDS will use experimental designs to test whether providing assistance in two different stages of emotion regulation improves emotion regulation efficacy among people at risk for suicide (Study 2). By doing so, ERDS could reveal mechanisms underlying emotion regulation impairment in this population. To conclude, ERDS will provide invaluable information on whether and how emotion regulation is impaired among people at risk for suicide. Gaining such knowledge could potentially help people at risk for suicide to better regulate emotions, hopefully reducing their need to resort to more extreme solutions for their suffering. Therefore, ERDS could potentially inform theory as well as treatment and prevention.

Mots clés : emotion regulation, suicide, goals, emotion regulation strategies

Participants :
- Harvard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Tel Aviv University (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269998.08 €
Projet SUMO-PCDH10 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Sumoylation is an essential post-translational modification that regulates a wide range of cellular functions. Interestingly, several proteins involved in synaptic functions have been shown to be SUMO targets. Unpublished data from my current lab identified a list of SUMO substrates at the synapse. Among them, we find Protocadherin-10 (PCDH10), an autism-related cell adhesion transmembrane protein. Mice lacking one copy of Pcdh10 gene present abnormal spine density and morphology, reduced expression of NMDA receptors in the amygdala and sociability deficits. Furthermore, PCDH10 recruits ubiquitinated PSD-95 to the proteasome and promotes synapse elimination. These findings demonstrate that PCDH10 is centrally involved in the regulation of synapse density and function. However, whether the sumoylation of PCDH10 plays a role in this process remains to be elucidated. Thus, I performed a bioinformatic analysis showing that the lysine 831 (K831) of PCDH10 has a high SUMO predictive value. Interestingly, the K831 is located in the proteosomal interacting region (PIR), which is critical to allow PSD-95 degradation and, consequently, synapse elimination. Sumoylation regulates protein-protein interactions by providing novel docking sites or promoting the dissociation of the binding. Therefore, I hypothesize that sumoylation of PCDH10 is crucial for synapse elimination by regulating the interaction with the proteasome. Thus, the overall goal of my research project is to unveil the physiopathological consequences of PCDH10 sumoylation in neurons. Since synapse elimination is impaired in several neurodevelopmental disorders, I am confident that the data arising from this work will provide groundbreaking knowledge in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ID in patients carrying Pcdh10 mutations. Furthermore, uncovering the impact of sumoylation on the development of mental disorders will open up a thrilling topic in the neuroscience field.

Mots clés : sumoylation, pcdh10, synapse elimination, autism spectrum disorders, hippocampal neurons

Participants :
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet ECO-H-MEM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Supercomputers are a key tool for professionals from many disciplines to address society challenges, enabling them to perform, e.g., climate change simulations or genome analysis. EC’s HPC Strategy, implemented in H2020, devises the need to bring Europe's high-performance computing technology to the exascale era, being energy efficiency one of the major challenges. Since providing the required amount of memory for upcoming exascale applications is non-viable by means of top-performance technology only, due to energy consumption and dissipation constraints, vendors are incorporating a variety of additional memory subsystems built upon different technologies, which provide diverse features and limitations (e.g., Intel’s Knights Landing processor). Deciding what data to host in each memory subsystem is far from trivial and poses notable performance implications. Recent research has focused on their use for specific purposes such as resilience or to host selected data objects based on some basic criteria. The aim of this project is to move a big step forward and develop technology to build an innovative generic software ecosystem to facilitate the efficient use of heterogeneous memory systems, what will be crucial to leverage the full potential of exascale platforms. BSC is an excellent institution to develop this research because of its top-level facilities and researchers, its multiple collaborations with industry, and the exceptional training, dissemination, and communication opportunities it offers. While Prof. Ayguadé will supervise this fellowship bringing the experience of a brilliant consolidated career and leading roles in European projects, technology transfer to Intel will boost the impact of the project. This undoubtedly represents an outstanding opportunity for the candidate to complement his GPU Computing experience, consolidating his research career in system software for many-core architectures while reintegrating in a long-term position in Europe.

Mots clés : heterogeneous memory systems, profiling, runtime systems, programming models

Participants :
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet SIMIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Superfluids violate our classical intuition, provoking many intriguing questions in modern condensed matter physics. In particular, superfluid phases with non-standard pairing mechanisms, which play an essential role in diverse physical systems including high-Tc superconductivity, have attracted great interests, and the underlying principles challenge our understanding. Ultracold atomic systems have emerged as an ideal testbed for simulating such many-body states by directly comparing theories with experiments. Recently, the host group has achieved a novel mass-imbalanced Fermi-Fermi mixture, which offers unprecedented opportunities to realize unusual superfluid phases. Here, we propose experimental studies on unconventional superfluidity by exploiting the excellent controllability in our new quantum system. Mass imbalance changes how the two Fermi surfaces overlap, causing the pairs to have finite momentum and resulting in a rich phase diagram. We aim to explore many-body phases appearing in a mass-imbalanced Fermi-Fermi mixture near the strongly interacting limit. To demonstrate superfluidity, we will probe the atoms by magnetic and optic methods, which allow distinguishing between pairs and unpaired atoms. Moreover, we will investigate the superfluid shell structure in a trapped system to characterize the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties in the strongly interacting regime, based on tomographic imaging. Finally, we plan to extend our methods to search for exotic forms of superfluidity such as supersolid or gapless phases. Our research will open a new chapter of condensed-matter simulation with ultracold atoms by providing a unique platform to study unconventional superfluidity. The successful demonstration will have strong impact on the scientific community even beyond the field of quantum gases. The techniques applied in this project can be further developed to address many other interesting topics such as impurity physics and transport dynamics.

Mots clés : bec bcs crossover, fermi fermi mixture, inhomogenous superfluid, supersolid

Participants :
- Universität Innsbruck (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 174167.04 €
Projet CR-GAS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Supermassive black holes are ubiquitous in the centres of galaxies. They remain largely invisible to our probes, except during their active phases (AGN), when gas is accreted onto the black hole. The energy output of AGN is thought to be able to regulate the growth of galaxies and supermassive black holes. However, we still do not understand how gas is transported to fuel the AGN. One of the outstanding challenges in galaxy evolution is to uncover what physical conditions in the host galaxy trigger or halt the black hole feeding process. In this Global Fellowship project I will make significant advances to solve the problem of AGN fuelling with an innovative approach. I propose to use counter-rotating structures in galaxies to determine: 1) how gas is transported, and 2) if counter-rotation itself promotes the flow of gas to the black hole. Counter-rotation is an unambiguous dynamical tracer that will allow me to unveil for the first time the path of gas from the large scale of the galaxy to the central black hole, thereby determining what physical mechanisms transport gas. I will carry out the project at two world renowned institutions: the University of California Los Angeles and the University of Copenhagen. During the fellowship I will acquire broad skills on photometry analysis and comparison samples to combine with my current expertise on state-of-the-art data analysis and dynamical models to reach the science goals of the project. I will receive additional training on proposal and grant application writing to enhance my career opportunities at the end of the fellowship. On the incoming phase I will bring my acquired expertise and access to a network of international collaborators to Europe, which is important for European institutes to maximise their returns from cutting-edge facilities and instruments with focus on black holes, such as the Event Horizon Telescope and GRAVITY.


Participants :
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 268921.92 €
Projet ITRABAE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Survival of flowering plants is determined by the proper production of seed, whose shape and size are defined by the development of an embryo. Such mature embryo mimics the body pattern of the new plant that will develop after germination. Auxin is a key regulator of various aspects of plant development, including embryo morphogenesis. Cellular auxin gradients, maintained by auxin production along with signalling and transport, are essential for proper embryo development. The embryonic local auxin biosynthesis appears spatiotemporally controlled, necessitating the presence of regulatory networks. Also, it became evident that auxin plays a critical role as an integrator of environmental cues, notably high temperatures, known to impair seed production. Thus, I aim at deciphering the molecular and genetic mechanisms behind the spatiotemporal regulation of auxin biosynthetic genes during embryo development, and how this regulatory network is impacted by heat stress. In the proposed work, I will functionally dissect the contribution of AGL transcription factors, identified in a yeast one-hybrid screen as binding to auxin biosynthetic promoters, to the direct regulation of auxin biosynthetic pathways using multidisciplinary approaches such as genetics, metabolomics, and molecular biology. Further, I will investigate whether high temperatures impact this regulation, notably at epigenetic levels. Overall, the proposed work would serve as an excellent foundation to dissect the mechanisms responsible for local auxin biosynthesis during embryo development, which would pave the way to devise strategies for mitigating the effects of climate warming on seed and plant morphogenesis.

Mots clés : auxin biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation

Participants :
- Masaryk University (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 144980.64 €
Projet SusTPol (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

SusTPol [Sustainable Tourism evidence-informed Policy] advances the understanding of using sustainability indicators to inform the governance of urban tourism. EU tourism policies recognise the importance of sustainability for competiveness, and the Commission contracted the University of Surrey to develop the European Tourism Indicator System. Yet the Commission still equates success to tourism’s contribution to growth and employment, and both Eurostat and European Cities Marketing measure tourist volume and expenditure, but not data on the impact that tourism has on residents or the environment. This IF contributes to implementing Communication “Europe, the world's No 1 tourist destination – a new political framework for tourism in Europe” and the Europe 2020 Strategy, by 1) experimenting with performance indicators of how tourism contributes to the EU policy on the Urban Environment, and 2) empowering policy makers so tourism contributes to implementing policies for sustainable urban planning and design. SusTPol analyses how tourist boards learn about sustainability indicators, adapt them to their needs, transform their governance systems and exploit the competitive benefits accrued. SusTPol collects baseline data (O1), supports tourist boards implement change in the form of policy-making experiments to support sustainable tourism development (O2) and conducts a Realist Evaluation (O3) of the contextual factors that allow for the use of indicators to support the selection and implementation of policy mechanisms that promote sustainable development. The tourist boards in the cities of Amsterdam (Netherlands), Barcelona (Spain), Ljubljana (Slovenia) and Vienna (Austria) agreed to participate as pilots, adapting their tourism planning, visitor management and marketing based on the results of residents’ social impact assessment of tourism. The outcomes will inform European Cities Marketing, enhancing the transferability and impact of this project.

Mots clés : sustainable tourism, indicators, destination management organisation, urban tourism, evidence informed policy

Participants :
- University of Surrey (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €