Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet FINDR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA) present in cancer cells stochastically amplifies oncogenes and drug resistance genes independent from the core genome and thereby contributes to tumor adaptability and heterogeneity. While ecDNA prevalence, diversity, and biological traits have been studied, we lack insights into their expression regulation. It is unclear how it differs from chromosomal genes and how it is linked to the non-random and dynamic nuclear localization patterns observed for many ecDNA. Moreover, we are unaware of the proteins that participate in interactions with nuclear compartments to control ecDNA transcription. Most studies using sequencing and FISH methods fall short in describing these dynamic processes. However, understanding their implications is vital for designing therapies that target ecDNA expression as a whole instead of targeting individual oncogenes. To advance our knowledge, we need tools to map ecDNA transcription at high temporal and spatial resolution and systematic methods to screen for associated proteins. The aim of this project is to identify crucial overarching mechanisms and players of ecDNA transcription through an interdisciplinary approach. The Medema group has devised protocols to induce extrachromosomal amplification of drug resistance genes in diverse cellular backgrounds and genetically tag them for imaging and perturbation. The present study will build on this work to for the first time reveal the spatiotemporal co-regulation of ecDNA transcription and localization using innovative imaging reporters for measurements in single live cells and use unbiased proteomic profiling to map factors that interact with ecDNA and regulate their expression. Besides addressing outstanding questions in the field, our study will create unique cell models and datasets as a basis for future studies. Our results will furthermore inform the design of more effective treatments for the many cancer patients affected in Europe and worldwide.

Mots clés : extrachromosomal dna, transcription regulation, live imaging, proteomics, cancer cell biology

Participants :
- Princess Máxima Center (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet TEMCO (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Understanding high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is arguably the hardest problem in condensed matter. Active research in the pastten years has shown that a successful microscopic theory of superconductivity will need to describe other electronic phases that emerge alongside superconductivity. One of those electronic phases are charge-density waves (CDWs). We propose a novel approach to study CDWs and their competition with superconductivity down to the atomic scale using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and ultrafast TEM (UTEM) at cryogenic temperatures in the particularly clean cuprate YBa2Cu3Oy. These techniques are very sensitive to the periodic lattice distortion (PLD) that results from the coupling between the CDW and the lattice. Being able to study CDWs at the atomic scale, we will achieve a complete picture of the CDW properties in real-space that goes beyond what has been uncovered by X-ray diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Firstly, this will allow to study whether CDWs are correlated with disorder or vice versa. Secondly, by applying uniaxial strain we will enter the long-range CDW phase and investigate whether the PLD is truly incommensurate or whether repeated discommensurations shift the CDW wave vector away from a commensurate value, as has been suggested by NMR. Thirdly, using UTEM and photo-excitation within the superconducting state we will have the chance to observe the competition of CDWs with superconductivity in real-space at the femtosecond time scale. Before studying YBa2Cu3Oy, we will investigate a CDW model system, the transition metal trichalcogenide ErTe3. These two materials have a number of similarities. Both these studies will advance the understanding of charge-density waves. This novel approach will establish the study of charge ordering using electron microscopy at croygenic temperatures in cuprate superconductors.

Mots clés : charge density waves, cuprates, transmission electron microscopy, transition metal trichalcogenides, high temperature superconductivity

Participants :
- Université de Göttingen (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet CPT2K2HK (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The dominance of matter over antimatter in our universe is an unresolved question in our Standard Model of particle physics. Measuring Charge-Parity violation in neutrino oscillations at long-baseline neutrino experiments is crucial for understanding this phenomenon. The T2K experiment, which is currently operational, and its successor HyperKamiokande, beginning in 2027, are the most sensitive probes for measuring CP violation in neutrinos, and early hints of maximal violation have been published by T2K. There is a discovery potential with the data that will be taken in T2K over the course of this fellowship period if CP violation is indeed maximal, or with precision measurements to be performed using high statistics at HyperK. To achieve this in T2K its recently upgraded near detector, ND280, must be fully utilised, and for the high-statistics precision era in HyperK, further upgrades to ND280 will be needed. This project aims to characterise and maximise the performance of the upgraded ND280, using the state of the art Super Fine Grain detector and high-angle Time Projection Chambers that were installed with the final goal of reducing systematic uncertainties in neutrino measurements from ~6% to ~4%. The new detectors will be used to perform a measurement of the electron-neutrino cross-section to reduce this as a large systematic uncertainty contribution in CP violation measurements. This measurement will maximise CPV discovery potential in T2K, while the characterisation and methodology will be critical in HyperK to achieve a precision measurement faster. To reach systematic uncertainties below 3% in HyperK, research into using a large scale water-based liquid scintillator detector in ND280 will be undertaken, including building and characterising prototypes to then establish a sensitivity study for CP violation measurement in HyperK in the next decade.

Mots clés : neutrinos flavour physics cp violation detector design scintillators

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 226420.56 €
Projet AlgHOF (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The main objective of this action is to develop and implement constructive tools in higher-order Fourier analysis and apply them in data analysis and artificial intelligence. Fourier analysis is an extremely powerful tool to analyze functions defined on compact abelian groups. During the past decades, advances in additive combinatorics and ergodic theory have led to the discovery of a new form of representation theory on compact abelian groups that generalizes Fourier analysis. This theory is known as higher-order Fourier analysis. Roughly speaking, while Fourier analysis deals with representing functions in terms of harmonics such as exp(2*pi*i*t*x), Higher Order Fourier analysis deals with representing functions in terms of higher order harmonics such as exp(2*pi*i*t*x^2). This theory has found applications in many areas of pure mathematics but not so many in applied mathematics due to the lack of an analogue of the Fourier Transform. The objectives of this action are thus:  1) Develop an algorithm that decomposes a function in terms of higher-order harmonics. This decomposition will have a notion of approximate uniqueness analogous to that of classical Fourier analysis.  2) Implement such an algorithm in Python and test it in data analysis and artificial intelligence problems where Fourier analysis plays a prominent role, such as time series continuation, signal compression, and machine learning.

Mots clés : higher order uniformity, gowers norms, data analysis, machine learning

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 242260.56 €
Projet AQUA-REVIVE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

As climate change exacerbates water scarcity across the world, the study of historic water management systems has been offering promising solutions that actively preserve environmental and cultural livelihoods. I will contribute to this growing body of research by studying the ruins of two interlinked monastic hydraulic systems in Alferrara, Portugal. These monastic communities relied on sophisticated water management strategies to maintain self-sufficient lifestyles between the 14th to 19th centuries. The systems supported dispersed cooling huts, fountains, and irrigation tanks through mines and channels that provided water for drinking and washing while also nourishing terraced gardens, which were a key source of medicinal knowledge in the region. The research objectives are to: 1) investigate the functioning of these two hydraulic systems from their monastic origins to the present, 2) digitally survey and virtually reconstruct the remaining ruins using precise, non-invasive methods and 3) utilize this reconstruction as an interdisciplinary knowledge platform to simulate water flow scenarios and to contribute to ongoing revitalization efforts. This research will expand the understanding of Portugal's monastic hydraulic heritage, a field still in its early stages, by fostering collaboration among conservation architects, archaeologists, hydrologists, geographic engineers, and historians. A final non-academic placement within the regional government will culminate in a revitalization plan for these systems helping to develop the presently untapped water source into new cultural programs such as educational spaces, medicinal gardens, agricultural initiatives, and public reservoirs that echo the monastic community's former role in serving the local population.

Mots clés : heritage, water heritage, historic water management systems, hydraulic systems, monastic architecture, architectural conservation, virtual reconstruction, climate change, sustainable design

Participants :
- Université de Lisbonne (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 258978.9 €
- Associacao de municipios da regiao de setubal (Portugal) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CRISIS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A large portion of the coastal population worldwide, including Europe, is already vulnerable to extreme high sea level events. In the future it is expected that climate change will increase coastal flood risk making costly adaptation inevitable. In order to help develop robust and flexible coastal management strategies, decision makers need to explore how, when, and where future changes in the physical environment will require immediate action. This is aggravated by the existence of large uncertainties in climate projections. Impact assessment models, such as the Dynamic Interactive Vulnerability Assessment (DIVA) model, have been used extensively to assess the socio-economic impacts associated with coastal flooding under climate change and to explore the benefits of mitigation, adaptation, and migration. However, because the DIVA model is applied at broad scales, it is based on a number of significant assumptions. Most notably, present-day return water levels (one of the key forcing parameters in the model) were derived using a simple global approach. Moreover, decadal variations in storminess and associated changes in future return water levels were ignored. Storm surges and river floods were assumed to be fully independent and vertical land movement rates were approximated with a global glacial isotactic adjustment model ignoring other potential contributors, such as land subsidence associated with ground water extraction. These shortcomings will be specifically addressed within the fellowship at the European level. The results will be used along with existing data bases and model infrastructure to develop a regional version of DIVA. The latter will be applied to perform the most comprehensive and realistic (in terms of temporal variations) mesoscale flood risk analysis of the European coastline to date, accounting, throughout the fellowship, for the full range of inherent model and scenario uncertainties.

Mots clés : coastal flood risk, storm surges, vertical land movement, extreme value analysis, multidecadal variability, socio economic impact modelling, adaptation pathways, robust decision making

Participants :
- University of Southampton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet REcircularPAV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A methodology to implement sustainability in road pavement engineering is offered by the circular economy main principle of replacing the conventional linear model for product design and consumption with a circular one "based on sharing, leasing, reuse, repair, refurbishment and recycling, in an (almost) closed loop, where products and the materials they contain are highly valued". In this sense, the road pavement sector offers a great opportunity, in fact the asphalt material is generally considered 100% reusable, however, despite several efforts towards the use of total asphalt recycling have been made over the past 30 years, a massive constraint still exists: the dependance on using fossil fuel-based materials as binders, recycling agents and engineered polymers. It’s within this context that part of this consortium (UNIPA, EIFFAGE) have participated in the first-of-its-kind project “BioRePavation 2015 - 2018” (http://biorepavation.ifsttar.fr) aiming at investigating the feasibility of using bio-materials, used along with asphalt pavement recycling, to reduce the use of virgin aggregates and petroleum bitumen for road pavements. BioRePavation showed that bio-asphalt mixtures can have even superior performances to conventional asphalt mixtures, however they still include products derived from oil and are two times more expensive. These limitations can be overcome with REcircularPAV, a training-through-research project aiming at engineering cost-effective circular asphalt mixtures for road pavement in a fossil fuel-free society, incorporating very high-content of reclaimed asphalt together with end-of-life tyres and bio-based materials. The technology will be investigated at laboratory level and upscaled to assess operational issues during plant manufacturing and laying processes. Once the mixtures are engineered, predicted performances will be assessed in terms of mechanical properties, aging behavior and environmental and economical impact.

Mots clés : circular asphalt, biomaterial, tyre rubber, road pavements, circular economy

Participants :
- University of Palermo (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet COQUDDE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A new cooperative regime of matter-light interactions opened up recently in research of advanced optical technologies. Optical response of strongly interacting dipolar emitters is important in systems ranging from naturally occurring photosynthesis complexes and dye molecule aggregates, to metamaterials in new solar cell and atomic clock designs. Cooperative regime offers potential for strong, collectively enhanced single-photon coupling and nonlinearities, promising new platforms for optical control at a single photon level, precision measurements and quantum simulations. However there is yet no existing methodology for understanding optical response of this complex, many-body systems. Recent progress in control of cold atom ensembles on length scales shorter than the wavelength of the field mediating interaction promises new simple and controllable platform to explore cooperative regime. This action will use unique combination of two complementary cold atom experiments in this regime. The first one achieves small, dense atomic samples; the second provides direct control and measurement of positions and states of individual atoms, together with real-time control of their external and internal degrees of freedom. The applicant will extend this two experiments to explore new control schemes and access new observables. These will be used in benchmarking of knowledge about the cooperative regime, guiding development of new theoretical methods. Applicant’s combination of experimental and theoretical experience in analysis of complex atom-light interactions will be used for high performance computing numerical simulations. During secondment this will be distilled into effective models relaying on new theoretical methodology. Through combined theoretical and experimental work, the applicant will develop and enhance independence and skills required for design and analysis of complex quantum optics experiments with atomic systems that require advanced theoretical insight.

Mots clés : cold atoms, atom light interactions, rydberg atoms

Participants :
- Institut d'optique Graduate School (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet PHASEQUANTROL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A particularly useful application of out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics is the control of quantum matter. High-precision quantum control defines a cutting edge frontier in developing quantum technology: high-fidelity preparation of target states with prescribed properties, experimental studies of novel phases of matter, and reliable quantum computing depend upon our ability to manipulate quantum systems. Recently, it was discovered that optimal quantum control exhibits continuous and discontinuous phase transitions familiar from macroscopic systems: correlated/glassy phases and spontaneous symmetry breaking appear also in the optimization landscape. Despite this progress, much of the physics of this new phenomenon remains unknown. The objectives of this project are to: (1) develop theoretical understanding for phase transitions in the optimization landscapes of nonequilibrium quantum control problems, such as quantum state preparation and entanglement reduction; (2) create a new perspective on quantum many-body control and longstanding optimization problems in many-body physics by investigating the correlations between local minima of the control landscape; (3) reveal limitations of reinforcement learning and optimal control algorithms in correlated optimization landscapes. This unconventional approach to quantum control will allow us to quantify the complexity of nonequilibrium control tasks in terms of properties of the underlying phases of control. We will identify common traits in the space of almost-optimal solutions, and use them to investigate features of the controlled physical systems. The proposed research opens up a new frontier which can point to a mutually beneficial synergy between reinforcement learning, optimal control, condensed matter physics and statistical mechanics. It combines hitherto unrelated concepts to advance our understanding of nonequilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, with applications in ultracold atoms and trapped ions.

Mots clés : nonequilibrium quantum dynamics, out of equilibrium quantum dynamics, many body quantum dynamics, phase transitions, reinforcement learning, optimal control

Participants :
- Sofia University (Bulgarie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 121814.4 €
Projet INTERACTION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A primary challenge in the near future is to accelerate improvements in human well-being as expressed in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and mitigate climate change, as required by the Paris Agreement. INTERACTION recognises that access to energy correlates with improved well-being, that climate change mitigation and adaptation require a rapid transition to sustainable, renewable energy sources, and that stakeholder engagement is key to the success of energy transformations. INTERACTION will bridge the gap between high-level modeling of energy systems and evaluation of solutions by working with scientific partners to develop energy-transition pathways, translate model results to realistic implementation strategies in least-developed partner countries through stakeholder workshops, and to provide regionally-specific feedback to the modelling community. Evaluation of results will lead the researcher to gain skills through on-site assessments and participatory engagement with stakeholders, focusing on the multi-dimensional development priorities and commitments made by governments to SDGs and climate change mitigation. An innovative and interdisciplinary process is proposed by INTERACTION, leveraging strong existing partnerships in selected countries to work with local actors, enabling consultation and discussion to develop alternative energy-system plans, while contributing to energy-system transformations and ensuring consistency between these plans and countries’ Nationally Determined Contributions to the Paris Agreement's, climate change adaptation strategies, and SDGs. This country-specific research will provide case studies relevant for other regions as well as fulfill the goal of the MSCA by enabling the researcher to diversify his expertise in energy systems from a theoretical and macro-level to implementation at an international level and in developing countries.

Mots clés : energy systems, resilience, sustainable development goals, energy, climate change mitigation, emission pathways, developing countries

Participants :
- Climate Analytics (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 174806.4 €