Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet COSIF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The terrestrial biosphere annually absorbs around one quarter of the carbon dioxide emitted by human activities each year and thus beneficially decreases the rate of global warming. The sign and magnitude of the net land carbon dioxide flux is determined by the delicate balance between two key carbon cycle processes: gross primary productivity (photosynthetic carbon uptake by land plants) and ecosystem respiration (carbon dioxide production by all living things). The magnitude of both processes is however highly uncertain due to conceptual and methodological difficulties in disentangling the two from the (measurable) net carbon dioxide flux. This uncertainty undermines our ability to project the future of the terrestrial global carbon cycle, which in turn severely impedes the conception of realistic carbon emission reduction measures allowing constraining global warming below agreed targets. The overarching objective of the proposed project is to provide new constraints on gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration using a dual-constraints approach. Gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration will be estimated jointly by ecosystem-scale carbonyl sulfide eddy covariance and sun-induced fluorescence measurements at three contrasting European ecosystems. The resulting data will then be used in a unifying modelling framework allowing gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration to be determined with much greater confidence based on the dual constraints by the experimental measurements.

Mots clés : gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, eddy covariance, proximal sensing, modelling

Participants :
- Universität Innsbruck (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166156.8 €
Projet EPSN 2021 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : European Researchers' Night
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The theatre company La Fura dels Baus (established in 1979) started a creative foundation Fundacion Epica to transfer -as informal training- the lessons learnt during the many decades of organising successful and engaging performances. Epica developed and tested creative interaction methodology and their physical venue in Badalona (Spain) will host the proposed European Performing Science Night. The European Performing Science Night (EPSN) puts forth a science- expanding methodology based on the combination of scientific excellence and performing arts as generators of faked realities and engagement. Through co-designed preparatory work leading to a Night of Performing Science, the event will bring researchers closer to the general public (and vice versa). It will increase awareness of what is research, its function in a democratic society, and its benefits for a diverse Europe. EPSN proposes a wide range of innovation activities, with a view to supporting the public recognition of researchers, their work, and the value it brings to society. EPSN will in itself be a scientific event, where research groups will deploy experiments with a broad spectrum of civil society and science both online and face to face. Audiences will perform, in artistic terms, as subjects themselves in experiments, taking part in both the tests during the event and expected results in the performaforum. EPSN will test and demonstrate new methodological approaches to bring researchers closer to the public through an innovative language based on the performing arts and new language tools for researchers, that is, 1 training to equip researchers with new tools to deal with scientific communication; 2 the realization of artistic co-creation based on the work of researchers to show the diversity of science and its impact on the daily lives of citizens, and 3 a round table -performaforum- after the performance experience to promote open science and help stimulate interest in research careers.

Mots clés : science, creativity, immersive science, innovation, research, accessibility, science for all

Participants :
- University of Barcelona (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 15000.0 €
- Aix-Marseille Université (France) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 2500.0 €
- Autonomous University of Barcelona (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 25312.5 €
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 27500.0 €
- Fundacion epica la fura dels baus (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 71437.5 €
- Open University of Catalonia (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 25000.0 €
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, thirdparty, Recherche, subvention : 16250.0 €
Projet SHARE_WW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The tidal increase of clinical antibiotic resistance is of serious threat to public health and should be viewed in an integrated system influenced by the environmental dimension of antibiotic (AB) resistance. This innovative proposal intends to address the current knowledge gaps concerning the biofilm spatial organization and interspecies interactions that underlie the antibiotic resistance strategy by extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria thriving in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The proposal has 3 objectives: Obj.1) Evaluate the impact of interspecies interaction of ESBL gene sharing by conjugation in the biofilm collective AB resistance and its interdependence with bacterial spatial organization; Obj. 2) Evaluate the interspecies interactions concerning the cephalosporin resistance at a functional level by following the expression and localization of ESBL and other AB resistance related proteins; Obj. 3) Evaluate the potential of WWTP as hotspots for AB resistance by assessing the sharing of ESBL genes and their expression. Such objectives will be achieved by the implementation of 3 work packages that address each one in a stepwise approach with the use of state-of-the-art techniques, based upon the most up to date references. European Commission (EC) have declared antimicrobial resistance as an important global economic and a societal challenge, that must be tackled by a multi-sectorial approach, where the environmental sector is included. The SHARE_WW project will make important advances in the field of β-lactam AB resistance proliferation and environmental spread, by covering several scientific gaps referred in the most up to date literature. In line with the multi-sectorial EC approach, the results from this project will have great relevance for research and practitioners from other sectors like public health, food safety, biotechnology and industry, and are therefore of great relevance to the work program.

Mots clés : multispecies biofilm, wastewater, species interactions, spatial organization, beta lactam resistance, conjugation, extended spectrum beta lactamases, biofilm antibiotic resistance related proteins

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €
Projet ParaResWEC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The title of this project is ‘Nonlinear Rock and Roll – Modelling and Control of Parametric Resonance in Wave Energy Converters’. The over-arching aim is to catalyse increased research into parametric resonance (PR) within wave energy and other offshore renewable energy fields. The concept of resonance is well known in the study of wave energy converters (WECs). In comparison, PR has received virtually no attention, and is often unexpected since it is a nonlinear phenomenon not predicted by the linear/frequency domain models traditionally favoured in WEC research and analysis. Whereas normal resonance causes the oscillations of a system to grow linearly with time, PR causes an exponential increase in oscillation amplitude, and therefore has great potential to be either detrimental or beneficial to a WEC performance. For certain classes of WECs, PR can lead WEC instability and decreased performance, by transferring energy from the primary mode of motion into other modes. Alternatively, for other types of WECs designed to extract power from the parametrically resonating modes of motion, triggering PR could result in increased energy capture and represent a game-changing approach to improving WEC performance. To achieve the over-arching goal, the project focuses on the following specific objectives: 1) Demonstrate novel control techniques to either mitigate or harness PR for different classes of WECs. 2) Provide opensource tools for modelling and analysing PR in WECs, to aide the wave energy community in overcoming the barriers surrounding the advanced nonlinear methods required to investigate PR. 3) Strong communication, dissemination and exploitation activities. Providing information to the wave energy community and connections with researchers from other disciplines with relevant knowledge and experience, such as Nonlinear Dynamics, Shipping and other Offshore Engineering fields.

Mots clés : wave energy conversion, nonlinear dynamics, parametric resonance, hydrodynamics, computational fluid dynamics

Participants :
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics (Hongrie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 151850.88 €
Projet STRICt (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The transition toward a sustainable economy has become an urgency rather than just a challenge. Rising to it demands a deep reconsideration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of development. The rapid degradation of the environment requires a swift and deep transformation. Our diverse team of researchers experienced in different, yet complementary disciplines, aims to provide rigorous scientific evidence on how regulation induces sustainable technological change? We build on expertise in economics, statistical modelling, computer programming and environmental law, and apply cutting-edge methods that have yet to be used to answer this important question. The Porter hypothesis claims, with mixed evidence, that environmental regulation may result in a win-win for the regulated firms through innovation offsets. By contrast, the regulation-induced technological change model we develop posits that stringent regulation will stimulate entry of new players. These are more likely to rise to the challenge with disruptive innovations, instead of incremental improvements by incumbent firms (Schumpeter’s creative destruction). We use the case of the Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program as an instance of regulatory shocks that are stringent enough to be qualified of technology forcing. We begin by calibrating a micro-founded model of regulation-induced technological change. We then investigate empirically the impact of the regulatory shocks on the economy by analyzing innovation and competitiveness; on workers by analyzing the effect of environmental policy stringency on labor skills; and on the environment by analyzing the effect of regulation on air quality. STRICt will thus deliver a comprehensive analysis of the impact of regulation-induced technological change on all three pillars of sustainable development. The evidence will improve the acceptability of ambitious policies and the achievement of international goals connecting economic and environmental gains.

Mots clés : eco innovation, porter hypothesis, induced innovation, sustainable transition

Participants :
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université Saint-Louis (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 266425.92 €
Projet TEMPEST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The transport sector is currently facing global economic uncertainty, tough market competition, stringent EU emission and efficiency targets, increased vehicle occupant safety requirements, and pollution and safety scandals which have damaged its reputation. These factors require engineers to increasingly adopt the use of composite materials, to come up with cheaper, safer, and more environmentally friendly solutions. However, even if these materials enable the production of light energy-efficient vehicles, most carbon fibre composites are expensive, and thus the majority of their current applications are limited to the aerospace and motorsport industries. Furthermore, conventional composites have a high manufacturing carbon footprint, and they are typically non-recyclable at the end of life of the components. Natural fibre composites (NFCs) are now being used in the automotive industry, as a cheaper and more environmentally friendly option to conventional carbon fibre composites, albeit limited to non-safety critical components, due to their poorer mechanical performance. The TEMPEST research programme aims to explore the possibility of using a novel NFC material offering improved mechanical performance (developed by partner organisation Bcomp) in safety-critical structural components. Furthermore, by collaborating with McLaren Racing, who have been developing composite crash structures for over two decades, the project aims to advance on the current state-of-the-art in the fields of experimental and numerical crashworthiness, all the while trying to reduce the carbon footprint of such structures. The project also aims to enhance the creative and innovative potential of the researcher, wishing to diversify his competences to include sustainable composite material development, while advancing his international and intersectoral mobility, through collaboration with four industrial partners from the transport and materials sectors.

Mots clés : composites, crashworthiness, carbon neutral, fe modelling

Participants :
- University of Porto (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 147815.04 €
Projet Lx Micelles (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The treatment of cancer with chemotherapeutic drugs is very often associated with severe side effects limiting their tolerated dose and leading to insufficient therapeutic effects. The application of such drugs in nanometer-sized micelles may improve their biodistribution, but in vivo studies showed fast drug release in the blood stream. We aim for prolonged drug retention and intracellular release by introducing the stable, yet reversible Lx linker in the core of bioresorbable polymeric micelles. This coordinative platinum linker will have two functions: (1) it will facilitate the stable conjugation between the drug molecule and the polymer molecules constituting the micelle and (2) it will act as a stabilizer between the polymer molecules constituting the micelle. This will result in excellent stability of the drug-loaded micelles in circulation. Due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect the micelles will accumulate in tumor tissue, where they will be destabilized intracellularly and the drugs will be released from the linker in the cytoplasm after competitive glutathione displacement. The Lx linker presents various advantages over other crosslink methods, such as versatility and ease of crosslinking. No platinum-related toxicity was observed in vivo for the linker in previous research. In addition, the amount of platinum may be considered negligible since powerful drugs will be loaded onto the micelles. This approach represents a safe and unique hybrid method which has the potential to significantly increase the amount of drug deposited at the target tissue and to reduce side effects at non-target sites. By pursuing this significant step forward in cancer therapy, the fellowship will broaden the Experienced Researcher’s scientific and non-scientific skills via advanced training as well as transnational and transdisciplinary mobility. Furthermore, it will facilitate a lively transfer of knowledge between the participants due to their complementarity.

Mots clés : nanomedicine, cancer, micelle, controlled drug delivery, biomedical polymer, polymer drug conjugate, biomedical application

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet INFERNET (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The tremendous technological advance underlying the ongoing genomic revolution in the life sciences has profoundly transformed biological research over the last 10-15 years. The grand challenge ahead is to leverage experimental progress like high-throughput sequencing by developing effective tools for large scale data-based inference and optimization. The goals of INFERNET rely on the transfer of ideas and methods developed in recent years at the boundary between statistical physics and information theory into the world of quantitative biology. We aim at setting up a consortium characterized by a proven track-record of high-quality research in order to implement a highly integrated program leading from the design of new algorithms to concrete biological applications. The consortium will provide the optimal environment to nurture a generation of researchers that will drive new developments at the forefront of these challenging fields. The perimeter of each individual research activity will be delimited by: (a) the research themes characterized by the toolbox and methods developed and shared within INFERNET, (b) the choice of the application domains. Principal research themes covered by the consortium will be: (i) the inference of interaction networks from data, (ii) the analysis of static and dynamical processes on networks. Application domains can be broken down into four main areas: (i) the inference and modeling of multi-scale biological networks, (ii) the rational design of biological molecules, (iii) the quantitative study of cell energetics in proliferative regimes, (iv) the characterization of functional states of large-scale regulatory networks. Each individual research project will be a puzzle piece of the wider research project, as well as tailored to suit each researcher's scientific and professional development.

Mots clés : mathematical modeling, statistical inference, multi scale molecular networks, co evolution, metabolic networks, regulatory networks, molecular design, protein protein interactions

Participants :
- University of Havana (Cuba) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- National University of General Sarmiento (Argentine) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 46665.0 €
- Sorbonne Université (France) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 345600.0 €
- Cancer Research UK (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 99135.0 €
- Italian institute for Genomic Medicine (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 408600.0 €
Projet KOMODOH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The trophic relationships between plants and herbivorous insects comprise one of the ecologically and economically most relevant biotic interactions worldwide. Deciphering the ecological mechanisms that govern these relationships enables us to better understand the organization of biodiversity and its consequences for ecosystem functioning. Host plant diversity is known to be a major trigger of insect diversity, but it remains poorly understood why individual host plants of the same species differ – sometimes quite extensively - in the herbivore communities they sustain and the damages they suffer. KOMODOH investigates fine-scale variation in insect herbivores and their impact upon a major European forest tree, Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). Specifically, I will examine whether the insect communities associated with individual oak trees are primarily governed by intrinsic (tree phenotype and genetic relatedness) or extrinsic (ecological neighbourhood) drivers. KOMODOH mobilizes various advanced study approaches and methodologies for its ecological research, including high-throughput molecular barcoding of insect species, SNP genotyping of oak trees and a cutting-edge analysis of secondary plant metabolites. The proposed research will greatly enlarge and diversify my expertise in plant-animal interactions, community ecology, entomology, genetics and metabolomics, providing me with a unique combination of skills that will strongly enhance my future career perspectives as researcher in ecology.

Mots clés : ecological networks, genetic relatedness, ecological neighbourhood, herbivory, insect

Participants :
- Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 196707.84 €
Projet GRO-BAT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The twin pandemic of obesity and diabetes is one of the greatest health challenges we face today. While fat is at the center of the problem, it may also be part of the solution. It has recently been shown that humans have brown or brown-like fat, whose primary function is to burn, rather than store, energy. This energy-consuming capacity of brown and brown-like fat has the potential to be harnessed to treat obesity and diabetes. The host supervisor has recently discovered that brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism is not only controlled by classic thermogenic regulation, but also by the circadian rhythm of the body’s molecular clock. During my PhD training, I observed a doubling in the size of interscapular BAT in mice that lack growth hormone receptor (GHR). I found that BAT has some of the highest levels of Ghr out of all tissues in the body. Despite this, the role of GHR in BAT remains unknown. My preliminary data suggests that GHR is a critical mediator of both thermogenic and circadian regulation. We propose to use genetic gain- and loss-of-function studies accompanied by pharmacologic modulation of GHR to determine its role in BAT. Our in vitro and in vivo work will be complemented by human studies to measure the fuel uptake and thermogenic capacity of BAT. The outcome will be highly relevant to human disease given the enormous potential of BAT activation in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.

Mots clés : growth hormone, brown adipose tissue, beige adipose, circadian rhythm, thermogenesis, energy expenditure, metabolism, growth hormone receptor, circadian

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €