Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MultiScaleDesign (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The aim of the fellowship is to establish methodology for characterisation of a new class of technologically important hierarchical materials with functional multiscale interfaces designed to control their mechanical and thermal stability. The research will rely on a comprehensive study of novel biomimetic multielement high-entropy alloys produced with unique microstructures by bottom-up approaches, allowing for (i) understanding the process-structure-property relations of advanced hierarchical alloys for challenging safety-critical applications, (ii) identifying the role of multiscale interfaces in structurally complex materials on their mechanical and thermal stability, which will subsequently allow for (iii) designing new perspective materials possibly solving the strength-toughness trade-off dilemma limiting the replacement of traditional materials by more perspective materials. The fellowship is also aiming to fill the gap in the knowledge in the beneficiary on in-depth structural characterization of hierarchical materials with multiscale interfaces by advanced characterisation techniques. This will be achieved by (i) in-depth hands-on training on electron microscopy and atom probe tomography in the host institution focused on characterization of structural features spanning multiple length-scales, (ii) transfer of the knowledge to the beneficiary, (iii) establishing an internationally recognized research group in the beneficiary with a focus on the synthesis, in-depth structural and mechanical characterization of novel hierarchical biomimetic mechanically and thermally stable materials for safety-critical applications and (iv) strengthening the collaboration with the host institution. The scientific work is expected to have a strong impact on a variety of multidiscipline applications, in which microstructural design plays an important role in controlling the material properties, especially during research following the incoming phase of the fellowship.

Mots clés : multi scale interfaces, characterization methods, electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, materials design

Participants :
- Montanuniversität Leoben (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184820.16 €
- University of Sydney (Australie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ODECO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Doctoral Networks
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The central aim of the ODECO consortium network is to train the next generation of creative and innovative early-stage open data researchers, to unlock their creative and innovative potential to address current and future challenges in the creation of user driven, circular and inclusive open data ecosystems. Current developments in the field of open data are characterised as highly fragmented. Open data ecosystems are often developed in different domains in isolation of each other and with little involvement of potential users, resulting in approaches that significantly limit open data reusability for users. This reduces innovation and the ability to create new valued added goods and services. Isolated domains also undermine interoperability for users acting as a barrier to data sharing. Efforts are also uncoordinated in open data training and research, where multidisciplinary approaches are scant. Bringing together different sectors (research, private sector, government, non-profit) and different perspectives (public administration, law, business, engineering), ODECO aims to address the central challenge of realizing a user driven, circular and inclusive open data ecosystem. Through its novel research and training programme, ODECO will provide early stage researchers with relevant open data knowledge, skills and research experiences that cut across disciplines, domains and sectors. ODECO will pay particular attention to the role and involvement of the multiple user groups in the open data ecosystem, within its research programme and through its public engagement activities. The involvement of sixteen specialist partner organizations in the consortium, in addition to the expert non-academic beneficiary and academic beneficiaries, will help researchers better understand the needs of citizens, journalists, students, large companies and SMEs, NGOs, governments and other stakeholders in the open data ecosystem.

Mots clés : open data, ecosystem, data infrastructure, sustainability

Participants :
- University of the Aegean (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 486035.28 €
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 796859.64 €
- Universidad de Zaragoza (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 501809.76 €
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 512640.0 €
- Università di Camerino (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 522999.36 €
- Farosnet ekmetalefsi diadiktiakonmazikis enimerosis & epikinonias anonymi etairia (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 243017.64 €
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 274802.04 €
- Aalborg University (Danemark) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 595044.0 €
Projet CNS-Insuin-Res (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The central nervous system (CNS) integrates peripheral hormonal signals to regulate glucose homeostasis and feeding behavior. Obesity can cause the development of insulin resistance in the brain and completely disrupt the regulative functions of the CNS. Restoring the brain’s ability to modulate metabolic functions could be very important to prevent the negative outcomes of obesity and diabetes. The Dorsal Vagal Complex (DVC) in the brainstem senses insulin to regulate glucose metabolism and feeding behavior in rodents. Three days of high fat diet feeding (HFD) is sufficient to completely disrupt the insulin response, thus causing an increase in blood glucose levels and overnutrition. I propose to understand the molecular events that trigger the development of insulin resistance in the DVC and understand the neuronal networks involved in the regulation glucose metabolism and feeding behavior in the DVC. I will use a combination of in vitro molecular approaches and in vivo physiological readouts to shed light on the physiological functions of this area of the brain. Identification of novel target molecules that are involved in the development of insulin resistance may also provide the basis for the development of new pharmacological approaches to counteract the development of obesity and diabetes.


Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet REGIOFLU (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The challenge of performing reactions with catalyst control over regioselectivity has not been met with a general solution. Here, we approach this longstanding problem in the field by addressing the specific question of how to regioselectively install fluorine - a key element in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. By combining the charge-modulating properties of hydrogen bond donors with a phase transfer event, we propose that it will be possible to use simple fluoride salts in regioselective fluorination reactions. Using hydrogen bonding as an activation mode for cheap inorganic salts, we will address new challenges in site selectivity through catalyst design and an extensive interrogation of the potential energy landscape of the reactions. This research will demand catalysts that can control the charge density on a nucleophile and will require computational studies that enable the prediction of regioselectivity on the basis of a nucleophilicity index. To apply the lessons of these studies in the context of asymmetric catalysis, new high performance catalysts will be developed that are capable of kinetic resolution and enantioconvergent allylic fluorination. The ultimate test of the regioselective fluorination methods will be in the synthesis of novel PET tracers, where both time and operational simplicity are critical to achieving a high specific activity. Regioselective hydrogen bonding phase transfer catalysis will strongly influence the broader landscape of catalysis and yield mechanistic insight into a novel synthetic process while providing valuable biological probes from abundant feedstock chemicals. The interdisciplinary aim of this proposal is to connect computational chemists, synthetic organic chemists, radiochemists, and PET imaging specialists in a framework that allows the production of new tools to expedite clinical breakthroughs.

Mots clés : hydrogen bonding catalysis, phase transfer catalysis, regioselective catalysis, feedstock, reagents

Participants :
- University of Oxford (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet PRUV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The challenge posed by urban vulnerability is immense and is being compounded by rapid unplanned urbanisation, climate change and resource pressures. While the realisation that there is a fundamental shift in the landscape of crises to cities is no longer contested, aid actors are nonetheless grappling with the complexities of adapting their approaches to the urban context. The Preparedness and Resilience to address Urban Vulnerability (PRUV) Consortium aims to inform the pressing need to reshape how humanitarian action and development aid is undertaken in urban areas to address the challenge posed by urban vulnerability. Assembled within the PRUV Consortium is an exciting mix of actors with considerable experience and expertise in urban contexts that will transcend disciplines and sectors to frame a new resilience and preparedness paradigm to respond to urban challenges. It seeks to combine existing best practice with innovative thinking and technology to challenge current state of the art thinking in order to arrive at a novel approach with affected urban populations at the centre. By combining legal, social, cultural, political and public health perspectives in a holistic manner, considerable purchase is added to the research around preparedness and resilience, which, while not new within the aid sector more generally, has not been focussed sufficiently on the urban context to date. The opportunities to carry out the research in test-bed sites in Africa, Asia and Latin America adds to the potentially broad utility and transferability of the findings globally.

Mots clés : resilience, preparedness, urban, multi disciplinary, inter sectoral, humanitarian action

Participants :
- Concern Worldwide (Irlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- Servicio jesuita a refugiados para américa latina y el caribe (Colombie) — Partner, organization partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonésie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Yayasan cipta cara padu jakarta (Indonésie) — Partner, organization partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- Plan limited (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Autres, subvention : 18000.0 €
- Plan international (Kenya) — Partner, organization partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Nairobi (Kenya) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Ruhr University Bochum (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 27000.0 €
- University of Deusto (Espagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 49500.0 €
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 360000.0 €
- Future Analytics (Irlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Groningen (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 675000.0 €
Projet SIFFT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The chemical dissolution (weathering) of continental silicate rocks is a crucial Earth System process that makes nutrients available to ecosystems and consumes atmospheric CO2, affecting Earth’s climate and habitability. The mechanistic controls on chemical weathering are still poorly understood, partly due to lack of integration between geochemical and hydrological concepts. Here, I propose to test a key hypothesis that silicate weathering fluxes are primarily controlled by how long water spends in contact with rocks, before being exported via rivers. To do this, I will use novel tracers of chemical silicate weathering - the stable isotope ratios of dissolved silicon (δ30Si) and lithium (δ7Li) in a project that couples controlled lab weathering experiments with a watershed-scale field study. I will use column flow-through and batch reactor experiments to simulate in isolation the effect of variable water-rock interaction times on dissolved δ30Si and δ7Li. I will then compare these results with natural weathering observed in a study watershed, recording the response of riverine δ30Si and δ7Li to variable hydrological conditions. The water transit time variations in the watershed will be constrained using water hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (δD, δ18O, 3H). Finally, I will synthesize the experimental and field results to build a novel reactive transport framework that will incorporate a robust representation of hydrological variability in determining weathering fluxes and isotopic riverine signatures. The results of this project will have important implications for our understanding of the links between climate and chemical weathering. In turn, this will enable a better prediction how nutrient and carbon cycles, driven by weathering, will respond to anthropogenic perturbation of atmospheric composition, the hydrological cycle, and natural ecosystems, which is a major European and global environmental research priority.

Mots clés : weathering, river, catchment, watershed, water transit, reactive transport, silicate rock, silicon, lithium, isotope ratios

Participants :
- Institut de physique du globe (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet PFCorr (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The chief normative assumption underpinning the provision of public funding to political parties holds that state funding aims to diminish their propensity to engage in corruption-prone exchanges through financing from illicit sources. Yet, the empirical testing of this supposition has received little attention from a comparative perspective. At best, existing comparative studies relied on very crude measures to estimate the effect of subsidies on political corruption. This project will partially address this gap by using better measures of both explanatory and explained variables. Unlike existing research, which employs either composite indexes of various financing regulations or binary measures of public funding (i.e. the lack vs. the availability of state subsidies) to estimate the effect of state subsidies on corruption, this project embarks on a different path. It will use hard data on state funding provided to political parties, which will be standardized to make it comparable cross-nationally and over time. It will also employ alternative measures of political corruption (e.g. experience-based, public perception, text analysis), which do not rely exclusively on expert-based evaluations. The analysis will be conducted using an original data-set on the de facto level of state funding, operationalised as the annual average of direct budgetary subventions per voter at the national level for 27 post-communist regimes between 1990/1991 until 2018. To estimate the direction and strength of the relationship between public funding and political corruption, as well as to explain the underlying causal mechanism, according to which a higher level of state subsidies is expected to diminish political corruption, this research will employ a mixed-method research design. It will combine quantitative (panel data models) and qualitative techniques (case-studies and paired comparison) as complementary methodological tools.

Mots clés : party and campaign financing regulations, direct state funding of political parties, political corruption, anti corruption policy

Participants :
- Dublin City University (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet GESTATE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The classic problem in the formation of high-mass stars is that, for all stars above ~20 Msun, the outward force exerted by the stars radiation on the dusty circumstellar gas should be capable of reversing or halting accretion flows. Core fragmentation, pressure from the expanding ionised gas, magnetic fields and mass loss through stellar winds, all work against the effects of gravity, thereby restricting the final stellar mass. Advances in theoretical models, aided by numerical simulations (e.g. adaptive mesh refinement), have proposed elegant solutions; for example, the interaction between radiation and the dense circumstellar gas is subject to radiation-Rayleigh-Taylor instability, creating low opacity chimneys to vent out the radiation pressure. Likewise, heated cores and disks are stable against Jeans fragmentation. The exact manifestation of these issues and their solutions vary significantly between theories, and the physical structures found around embedded, still accreting massive stars provides a strong discriminator between models. Therefore, this research project aims to better understand the physical conditions of the gas and dust structures within the 500-5000 AU regions of infant high-mass stars by using adaptive-optics-assisted polarimetric observations in the infrared (essential to probe through the high extinction of high-mass cores). Also, we will characterise and quantify, for the first time, the stellar activity, mass, and radius of high-mass (young/proto) stars which are thought to be bloated and pulsating objects. To this end, variability and astero-seismological studies will be conducted. The applicant seeks mobility to a host institute that is a world leader in polarimetry, where he will acquire new expertise in astrophysical polarimetry through training by research. This program will distinguish between and test mechanisms of massive star formation, taking important steps to understand a long standing problem of astrophysics.

Mots clés : high mass star formation, interstellar medium, hii regions, infrared astronomy, polarimetry

Participants :
- University of Hertfordshire (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet CHT-sCO2 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The clean energy and its efficient utilization are effective solutions for the energy security, health and environmental pollution, which are highly promoted in Work Programme 2018-2020. The supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle has a great potential to generate clean power from sources such as solar energy and safer new-generation nuclear reactors. Heat exchangers play a crucial role on the cycle efficiency, safety and stability of the system. However, the sharply variable properties of CO2 through the components make heat transfer an extremely complex process, which is far from being fully comprehended or well-predicted, and seriously challenge conventional heat exchanger design and optimization theories and tools, thereby hindering further system development, implementation and uptake. To address these issues, this proposal attempts to perform first-of-a-kind measurements using the advanced optical (laser-based) diagnostic techniques and IR thermography simultaneously, which will provide previously-unavailable data and develop advanced tools for the prediction of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical fluids. Furthermore, a new optimization design method will be developed based on the piecewise design method and thermodynamic theory which can treat the coupled heat transfer problem on both sides of a heat exchanger, overcoming the problems with the existing single-side approaches. This action aims to deepen our essential understanding of flow and heat transfer of supercritical fluids, and develop novel coupled heat transfer enhancement theory. This proposal will be supervised by Prof. Christos Markides at Imperial College London. The host’s academic standing and expertise, and the innovative nature of the project, ensure this action not only provides an excellent pathway for knowledge transfer, but also provides a unique opportunity for my further maturity, which is instrumental to my achieving my career goal of leading my own research team.

Mots clés : heat exchanger, heat transfer enhancement, thermodynamic optimization, heat transfer deterioration, supercritical co2, optimization design

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €