Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet MAGMATS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The analysis and interpretation of geophysical signals and images are used to monitor active volcanoes and determine the presence and characteristics of magma chambers. The signals that are measured and inversed, i.e. seismic wave velocities, densities, electrical resistivities, or ground deformation, depend on rocks temperature, melting degree and volatile content. Those parameters are interdependent and evolve in time as the magma system grows and matures. We propose to numerically simulate the long-term evolution of magmatic systems and model the corresponding geophysical images and signals. Our objective is to determine how the history and maturation of a system affect the geophysical record and to help improving the interpretation of this record. A major challenge encountered by geophysists is the non-uniqueness of solutions in a multiparameter space, in particular the difficulty to distinguish the effect of melts and of volatiles. To tackle this issue, we will develop codes that compute the exsolution of volatiles and the development hydrothermal circulation. The model will be applied to four different volcanoes: Uturuncu (Bolivia), Campi Flegrei (Italy), Merapi (Indonesia), and Krafla (Iceland). The fellowship objective will be reached through the joint efforts of experienced researcher Annen who is an expert in modelling the evolution of magma chambers, supervisor Revil who is an expert in geophysical inversions and hydrothermal systems, and the team of volcano geophysists of Institute of Earth Science at University Savoie Mont-Blanc (France). It will allow Annen to resume her scientific career after a two-year break, doing cutting-edge science in a highly dynamic environment.

Mots clés : magma chamber, geophysics, tomography, volcano monitoring, melt, volatiles, hydrothermal circulation

Participants :
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet RAD-FIRE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The annual cost of losses due to fires is estimated at €126bn, equivalent to 1% of European global gross domestic product (GDP). The use of performance-based fire safety engineering which relies on fire modeling is seen as a good step to reduce fire losses. Thermal radiation is the most dominant mode of heat transfer in fires and its rigorous and efficient modeling is therefore critical for the reliability of fire safety codes employed in fire engineering. The project aims to improve the current modeling strategies of radiative heat transfer in fires and in fire suppression by water sprays where the interaction between fires and water droplets should be taken into account. Current computational methods used in fire modeling and fire suppression suffer from the main following drawbacks: (1) They use the optically gray Planck mean radiative properties of the composite medium, which are too crude to describe the real spectral behavior of thermal radiation (2) The angular dependence of the radiation intensity is usually approximated with too much details without accounting for the real radiation field; (3) The computational mesh taken from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) part of the general fire code is too detailed and not appropriate for radiative transfer calculations; (4) the computational requirements for current fire CFD codes are prohibitive and this is an obstacle. It is proposed in the scientific part of the project to develop simplified and rigorous radiative approaches which retain the physics and significantly reduce the computational time. This will lead to more efficient CFD fire codes and enhance their wider use for safety applications. The action also aims to train the Experienced Researcher in developing and acquiring knowledge in advanced fire combustion and turbulence modeling using LES (large eddy simulation) approach, CFD methods and gain a general knowledge of multidisciplinary fire safety science.

Mots clés : thermal radiation, radiative heat transfer modeling, fires, water sprays, water droplets, spectral models, iterative computation, computational fluid dynamics  cfd

Participants :
- Kingston University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 146591.1 €
Projet ICE-METs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The annual number of metastatic cancer deaths and the cost of cancer treatment makes cancer research a priority for the European Union. One of the key factors in metastatic cancer is the ability of the cancer cells to migrate from a primary tumor to the blood vessels and lymphatics. A better understanding of how cancer cells interact with the microenvironment and migrate from blood vessels to the lymphatics to create distant metastases, is key for discovering efficient chemotherapy drugs that will cover the growing needs of the worldwide population. The possibility of developing biomimetic engineered devices to understand metastasis proliferation and testing of drugs is a crucial goal for the research community, both in science and medicine, translating to major benefits for future patients. Therefore, the goal of the ICE-METs project is to deliver, a novel engineered microfluidic biomimetic platform to monitor the migration and proliferation of cancer cells in metastasis.

Mots clés : microfluidics, in vitro model, bioelectronics, metastasis

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet HOOKaWORM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The anthropologic and archaeological study of pre-Columbian people of the Amazonian basin has revealed sophisticated agriculture practices. Notwithstanding the absence of historical written records the biological evidence of these practices remains in the remarkable biodiversity of the Amazonian 'dark earths' (ADEs) or “Terra Preta do Indio” produced by ancient civilisations to promote highly productive and sustainable agriculture. Promoting the interdisciplinary connection between anthropology, soil ecology and genomics the applicant will be able to investigate both the relationship of ADEs to the associated extant biodiversity, reveal details of past and current anthropogenic impact on the natural surroundings, as well as new clues regarding settlement dynamics over a large part of Brazil. The applicant and the supporting team will accomplish this by: a) Assessing the current soil biodiversity assemblages to gain knowledge about the functioning and potential role of soil ecosystem engineers, organic matter and nutrients to the formation of these extremely fertile soils; this novel approach will aid in understanding the origin and sustainable management of ADEs as well as highly weathered and acid soils under humid tropical conditions. b) Using DNA barcoding to describe the diversity of the ecosystem engineer community associated with past and recent Amerindian settlements throughout the Amazonian basin. c) Using genomics of a peregrine species closely related with human landscape domestication to mirror the human exchanges and flow among the Neotropical rainforest associated with the migration of Amazonian Indians. This will be achieved by integrating the state-of-the-art methods in invertebrate morphology, molecular genetics, and computational analyses with incorporation of pre-existent and new ecological, anthropological and environmental metadata sustained by a multidisciplinary collaborative network.

Mots clés : ecosystem engineers, genomics, human migration, amazon dark earths, soil fertility

Participants :
- Cardiff University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 261599.4 €
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Brésil) — Partner, organization partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet HLQPT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The anti de-Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence has provided a new inter-disciplinary way to the study of strongly coupled systems and has an impact in various areas in physics, including quantum field theory, hydrodynamics, QCD, condensed matter physics, quantum information, etc. In this proposal we focus on the application of AdS/CFT to condensed matter theory (AdS/CMT), which is an inter-disciplinary subject combining gravity, string theory and condensed matter physics. As a fast developing field AdS/CMT has had a lot of achievements and also attracted the interest of many condensed matter physicists. To apply AdS/CMT to the real world condensed matter systems, we need to encode translational symmetry breaking in holography, which makes it important to construct and understand holographic lattice systems. A lot of success has been obtained in this direction and people even found very similar behaviour of optical conductivity in holographic models to that of cuprates in experiments. However, the current study of holographic lattice systems is not adequate when we want to investigate deeper into the cuprate phase diagrams and describe the more complicated and realistic lattice structures with broken lattice symmetry. In this proposal we aim to find the holographic descriptions of incommensurate and commensurate phases and study the transport properties and phase diagrams, especially quantum phase transitions to gain more insight into the understanding of cuprates and the deep reason of why some holographic models are able to produce the same behaviour of optical conductivity as in strange metals.

Mots clés : cft correspondence, holography, gravity, general relativity, translational symmetry breaking, optical conductivity, phase transitions

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet BehavToxArc (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The arctic marine biota is vulnerable to effects of climate change and anthropogenic contaminants. The artic is warming rapidly and is a sink for pollutants, including methylmercury (MeHg), which bioaccumulates in marine food chains. Ecotoxicological studies in the arctic have not adequately considered effects of contaminants on animal behaviour and fitness, or interactions between contaminants and climate change. This study (BehavToxArc) will address these urgent research areas using a keystone arctic seabird, the little auk (Alle alle). I will collect data from two colonies that are experiencing different environmental conditions and climate change impacts, and explore whether disruption of behaviour or stress physiology by Hg might limit adjustments to environmental change. I will use ultralight GPSs and accelerometers to collect unique behavioural data, which will be linked to state-of-the-art Hg measurements, and complemented by a long-term dataset (from accelerometers since 2009). I will also perform cutting-edge experiments to manipulate stress physiology, and explore cross-generational effects of Hg exposure in the context of climate change, focusing on telomeres. I will work with Dr. Jérôme Fort within the AMARE (Responses of Marine Organisms to Environmental Variability) group at La Rochelle University’s Institute Littoral Environnement et Sociétés. BehavToxArc will synthesize my expertise in behavioural ecotoxicology and telomere biology with Dr. Fort’s expertise in arctic ecotoxicology and spatial ecology. The project will introduce me to state-of-the art methods to monitor movement behaviour and measure telomeres, and the highly topical fields of arctic ecotoxicology and global change biology. Results will be disseminated by top-tier publications, conferences and public engagement, and used to advance scientific knowledge and environmental policy. The project will pivotally advance my career and propel me towards a permanent research position.

Mots clés : arctic biology, global change biology, behavioral ecotoxicology, mercury pollution, animal personality, seabirds

Participants :
- La Rochelle Université (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet Pharmcophore-DOS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposed research aims at discovering inhibitors of protein-protein interaction (PPI) between RAD51 and BRCA2 as a promising treatment of cancer, in particular to reverse the resistance of cancer cells to radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy. The pharmacophore guided DOS approach developed in this project has the potential to be a general method for rational discovery of PPI modulators. The researcher will acquire novel technologies and develop new skills in both scientific and management aspects, which are important in his professional maturity and career plans; while the host can also be benefitted from his experience in medicinal chemistry. This action will promote the mobility inside the European Research Area and spark lasting cooperation among different European countries.

Mots clés : diversity oriented synthesis, pharmacophore model, protein protein interactions, rad51 brca2, cancer, resistance

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet STALDYS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposed research aims to establish groundbreaking new computational methods for the analysis of deterministic, control and random dynamical systems by using tools from the field of Statistical Learning Theory (a.k.a. Machine Learning). These three related system types constitute a very active research area with a wide range of applications, including climate studies, power systems, autonomous vehicle control, aircraft control, robotics, finance and chemical engineering. In many applications the understanding of such systems requires the availability of efficient, high-performance algorithms and a key innovative aspect of this proposal is the development of a unified theory for computational dynamics that has the potential to establish a new field at the intersection of machine learning and dynamical systems theory.

Mots clés : dynamical systems, control theory, machine learning

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet WPolitical (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposed research aims to investigate the relation between Wittgenstein’s philosophy and political theory. This theme remains marginal within the Wittgensteinian scholarship, facing the key challenge of the sparsity of explicit discussions of political issues in Wittgenstein’s writings. An extra challenge is raised by the fact that even in those cases that political theory is engaged with his philosophy, this is mostly done through a methodological rather than a substantive employment of its key insights and concepts. My main objective is to provide a novel approach to the relation between Wittgenstein and the political, by focusing not only on Wittgenstein’s methods, but also on his positions. The principal idea to be developed is that Wittgenstein’s philosophy may indeed provide a substantial contribution to political theory and especially to the analysis and critique of late capitalism. My innovative response to the challenges mentioned above will comprise an original research which will: a) make explicit the implicit political import of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy, b) investigate his influence on contemporary political theory, my case study being the works of Hardt and Negri, and c) enrich the discourse regarding the institution of society by providing it with a distinctive Wittgensteinian direction. The project combines elements from different philosophical disciplines (philosophy of language, political theory) and traditions (analytic, continental). Although I have a background in the philosophy of Wittgenstein and the analytic tradition, I have a limited training in political theory and continental philosophy. Thus, the proposed project, under the supervision of Prof. Antoon Braeckman who specializes in continental political theory, provides me with a great opportunity to acquire new skills and knowledge, which will assist me not only in its implementation, but also in the development of my academic career.

Mots clés : wittgenstein, hardt and negri, castoriadis, reification, immaterial production, commons, self institution, autonomy, biopolitics, postmodern

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet DEFGROUP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposed research links logic (model theory) and algebra (group theory). It explores groups which are first-order definable in structures that satisfy certain model-theoretic restrictions. The structures, here called `tame’, are stable, simple, NIP, or NTP2, concepts from Shelah's `generalised stability theory'. WP 1 concerns groups definable in tame fields, possibly equipped with extra operators. The aim is to show that a definable group in such fields must be closely related to the rational points of an algebraic group and to investigate the structure fixed pointwise by a generic automorphism in a generic differential difference field. WP 2 revolves around pseudofinite groups (infinite groups satisfying every sentence true of all finite groups), and gives a model theoretic perspective on finite group theory. One goal is to prove that the soluble radical of any pseudofinite group with a simple theory is soluble. Another is to solve the following question, possibly with a pseudofinite counterexample: given a `tame’ group G and a soluble subgroup H of G, is there a definable soluble subgroup of G containing H? The final WP2 objective concerns primitive pseudofinite permutation groups and in particular the question whether elementary extensions preserve primitivity. The two Workpackages are well-linked: for example, any infinite group definable in a pseudofinite field (or in any pseudofinite structure) is pseudofinite. The Fellow, Hempel, will receive training through research in Leeds, from the supervisor Macpherson and from the wider model theory group. She will benefit from the background of Macpherson on pseudofinite groups and permutation groups, and the broader experience of other Leeds model theorists. She will transfer to Leeds specific expertise on conditions such as NTP2, and on tame groups. She will receive training and opportunities complementary to her previous experience, on topics such as outreach, project management, and PhD student support.

Mots clés : definable groups in fields, pseudofinite groups, simple theories, nip theories, ntp2 theories

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet EURO-KARST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The proposed study aims to elucidate novel aspects about carbon cycling within European karstic watersheds, via stable isotope and flux determinations of dissolved and particulate carbon. Rivers situated in karst bedrock are thought to emit significant quantities of CO2, and due to their large combined surface areas and the abundance of karst terrains worldwide, these features play a crucial but as yet unclear role in the global carbon cycle. The projected work will address this lack of information through the innovative use of stable isotopes, together with the modeling of CO2 evasion and simultaneous flux determinations of dissolved and particulate riverine carbon. The rivers of study are located in Bavaria, Germany, and are tributaries of the Rhine River in a prominent karst terrain of the Franconian Alb. For comparison, a watershed situated in silicate bedrock, the Uhlířská Basin in the Czech Republic, will also be investigated. The research findings will reduce uncertainties in the global carbon budget, and clarify linkages between carbon cycling and climate change. This is an important topic for policymakers in Europe, given the political and economic impacts of global warming. The applicant is an excellent scholar and adept researcher with ample fieldwork, analytical, and academic experience under the supervision of highly rated professors in Canada. Moreover, the proposed supervisor, J. Barth, is an accomplished scientist with 20 years of expertise in stable isotope research. At the Applied Geology Chair of the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dr. Barth and his team also run a well-equipped laboratory that focuses on biogeochemical analyses. This asset, along with the applicants’ qualifications, the quality of the hosting arrangements, and supervisory credentials, will be beneficial to the study and ensure the maximization of project resources. As well, the applicant’s career prospects will be advanced through his mobility and excellent research output.


Participants :
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €