Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet OrdTinPer (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Tin perovskites, with the advantages of low toxicity and superior optoelectronic properties, are regarded as one of the most promising light absorbers for application in next-generation photovoltaic technologies. Due to the passivation and protection effect via introducing low dimensional phases, two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) tin perovskite films show great potential for achieving high-performance solar cells. However, the relatively strong Lewis acidity of Sn2+ leads to rapid crystallization and severe coupling of different dimensional phase structures, therefore resulting in random dimensional distribution for increased charge transfer barrier and inferior charge transport. To solve this, this project proposes an innovative strategy of "slow-release effect induced sequential crystallization" by using tridentate chelating agents. With this type of molecules, the strongly anchored Sn2+ could trigger slow-release effect, making the phases with different dimensionalities self-assemble in a designed and ordered way, thus slowing down the crystallization process and decoupling the formation of different dimensional phases. The objectives are to obtain high-quality tin perovskite films with in-situ growth of orderly distributed 2D-3D structure from top to bottom, thus to realize efficient tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This project will not only present innovative ideas and unique mechanisms for realizing sequential crystallization, but also provide effective approaches for developing efficient and stable mixed dimensional tin PSCs. Therefore, it will pave a way for achieving environmentally-friendly photovoltaics with high performance, thus benefiting the utilization of renewable energy to promote the sustainable development. Combining my experience on crystallization regulation with theoretical and technical foundations on photovoltaic devices of the host, Marie-Curie fellowship will support me to become an outstanding principal investigator in future.

Mots clés : crystallization regulation, dimensional distribution, slow release effect, tin perovskite solar cells

Participants :
- Université de Linköping (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 252180.0 €
Projet relMT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The seismic moment tensor is the single most important quantity characterizing the source of any subsurface shaking event, typically an earthquake. We here propose to implement, validate and advance a versatile, open-source, research-grade software package to simultaneously determine relative moment tensors of clustered seismic events with minimal data requirements. The algorithm lowers the magnitude threshold for moment tensor determination, possibly by 2 to 3 magnitudes. In this way the development of the proposed software package can increase the number of moment tensors that can be resolved by a factor of 100 to 1000. With this additional knowledge, subsurface deformation can be better understood. Applications include the important de-risking of zero-carbon energy technologies such as the stimulation of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), or underground CO2 storage (CCS), where the proposed technology has the potential to contribute to detecting premature fault activation and cap-rock failure, thereby mitigating potential risk, increasing public acceptance and evading loss of investment. Other applications include the seismic source and stress analysis in a vast array of scientific research targets, for example when analyzing periods of tectonic or volcanic unrest, seismicity in underground mining, laboratory-scale acoustic emissions, or sources of chemical or nuclear explosions.

Mots clés : earthquake source, carbon capture and storage, enhanced geothermal systems, induced seismicity, microseismic monitoring, scientific programming

Participants :
- NORSAR (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 226751.04 €
Projet SOCIALITY (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Sociality is an evolved trait, which forms the basis of primate societies. It influences individual survival, reproduction, access to information, and disease transmission. As early-life experiences have long-term consequences, knowledge of individual developmental history has contributed well to understanding the factors that underlie variation in individual health, longevity, resilience to internal and external stressors, amongst other crucial aspects of an animal’s life. Therefore, studying aspects of individual development is fundamental to understanding how individuals become well-adapted to their environment. Great apes live in complex societies with constantly changing opportunities for associations and interactions, for which they make complex cognitive decisions just like humans. As they are our closest evolutionary relatives, long-term developmental studies on them are indispensable to understand how the development of the social life of humans evolved. National and international collaborations focused on data and knowledge sharing for comparative studies on great apes will help to overcome the current gaps in our knowledge about human social evolution. The future fellow will collate two decades of fine-scale observational data collected on individually identified great apes from birth until the start of adulthood from four great ape projects. The aims are to 1. investigate, at the individual level, the development of sociality and social relationships, 2. investigate, at the population level, social inheritance of social structure over generations, and 3. develop a general theory of social structure maintenance. This action will be the first to take a large-scale, data-intensive, and comparative approach to studying the social life of immature great apes using a combination of cutting-edge computational tools and analytical methods. The results of this action will bridge fundamental gaps in our knowledge of Hominidae sociality and social structure.

Mots clés : great apes, sociality, social development, immatures, social structure

Participants :
- Université d'Édimbourg (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173847.36 €
- Leibniz-Gemeinschaft (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet EUsed (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A proper understanding of sediment transport is extremely important in many areas of engineering and socio-economic development. On time scales of months to years, the knowledge of where sediment accumulates could save billions of dollars on annual port dredging and beach nourishment. On length scales of deltas, estuaries and coastal zones, such knowledge plays a crucial role for decision-makers to govern the development of a country or region. Unfortunately, high-fidelity, long-term in situ data of sediment transport, particularly suspended particulate matter concentration are often unavailable and/or unreliable. Hence, this project aims to propose a novel approach to reduce the calibration effort and improve the accuracy of long-term, high-frequency in situ measurements. This project will integrate field and laboratory studies to demonstrate that combination of at least one pair of optical and acoustic (O/A) sensors will help to “see” the mud better and “hear” the sand better, which in turn allows us to comprehensively reproduce detailed information of suspended sediment concentration profile in a river, estuarine or coastal zone. Field measurements help to provide input of the boundary conditions for the experiments, whereas the experiments help to isolate variables in order to decipher the behavior of O/A signals that occur in nature. This project will 1) enhance understanding of O/A signals behaviors under similar and different environments, 2) derive empirical functions from field and lab data to describe the ratio of O/A signals as a dependent variable of environmental characteristics and 3) test the functionality and efficiency of the empirical functions, obtained above, with field data collected from different parts of Europe. The primary intellectual merit of this project will be a guideline for water agencies and local authorities throughout Europe and the world to improve their performance in long-term, high-frequency monitoring of water quality.

Mots clés : sediment dynamics, suspended particulate matter concentration, optical acoustic measurements, long term monitoring

Participants :
- Université Christian Albrecht de Kiel (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université de technologie de Delft (Pays-Bas) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 191760.0 €
Projet DL-ElastoMark (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The efficacy of standard cancer therapies varies, and while some patients respond to a particular treatment, other patients do not gain any benefit. In response, an era of individualized cancer treatments is emerging which are based on the identification of biomarkers that characterize the state of a tumor. Many solid tumors (e.g., breast cancers and sarcomas) stiffen as they grow within a normal tissue. Tumor stiffening is a known factor leading to compromised efficacy of therapeutics. Repurposing drugs in order to alleviate tumor stiffness before the initiation of therapy has been tested in preclinical studies and has recently made it to the clinic. Despite recent success of these strategies, optimization of their application is understudied. Here, we aim to harness the power of deep learning (DL) methods in order to construct a robust biomarker based on ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE). The biomarker will aim to: (i) predict the tumor’s response to treatment with chemo- and immuno-therapy and (ii) monitor treatment outcomes, in the case of strategies that target tumor stiffness. The project will capitalize on the existing strengths of the applicant in medical image processing and DL and the expertise of the host in tumor mechanopathology and in vivo experiments. In past experiments, the host acquired a large number of SWE tumor data, which will enable the development of the DL biomarker. Through the experimental part of the project, additional data on murine cancer models will be acquired enabling the validation of the biomarker. Formulation of the developed DL-derived biomarker in a user-friendly software will allow for potential clinical translation and further exploitation through IPR. The applicant will acquire new knowledge in the fields of cancer therapy, tumor biology and in vivo experimental design. The attained knowledge and skills will be instrumental to the applicant’s ambition to lead the field of artificial intelligence in biomedicine.

Mots clés : deep learning, ultrasound shear wave elastography, biomarker predictive of tumor response, tumor mechanical properties

Participants :
- Université de Chypre (Chypre) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 148488.0 €
Projet FEMAGREE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the EU there are a number of economically disadvantaged rural areas experiencing outmigration of in particular young women in the search of better education and employment opportunities. Past research demonstrated the importance of women for the economic and social viability of rural areas, in particular of female entrepreneurs. Business opportunities in agricultural dominated areas typically arise within a farm environment. Studies conducted so far explored the experiences of female entrepreneurs at farm level, such as the struggle to combine childcare and household duties with professional work. Other studies analyzed the potential impact of policies on gender equality in agriculture. However, little empirical work has been done on evaluating the actual effectiveness of policies in promoting gender equality in the agricultural sector. The objective of the proposed research project FEMAGREE is to identify the effectiveness of rural development policies in supporting female agricultural entrepreneurs. More specifically, it will establish, which support tools have been fruitful in the past, how existing tools can be improved as well as identify gaps in the current support system. For this purpose, the study will employ a qualitative approach to data collection in the form of narrative enquiries with current and future female agricultural entrepreneurs. The two case study areas will be in a region in eastern Bavaria, Germany, and a region in the West of Ireland, both of which are characterized by the outmigration of young women and a cultural dominance of traditional gender roles. The project will be hosted by a government institution, the Department of Agriculture in Bavaria, Munich. Secondments are planned with in total three partner organizations from both the academic and non-academic sector.

Mots clés : female entrepreneurs, comparative studies, bavaria, ireland

Participants :
- Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 85730.4 €
Projet GeoFodder (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the history of early farming, the absolute scale and relative importance of livestock and crop husbandry, their degree of integration, and their landscape impact are largely obscure. To address this issue, GeoFodder will develop for the first time an interdisciplinary methodology that integrates geoarchaeological and archaeobotanical techniques for archaeological recognition of leafy browse and leafy fodder (currently not directly detectable) and for assessing the preservation of different plant resource types, with the ultimate aim of reconstructing early livestock diet and herding practices. To achieve these objectives, an innovative ethnoarchaeological and experimental programme will study present-day livestock penning deposits (for which herding practices, animal diets and depositional processes are known) to determine how dietary and other plant components are altered and partly preserved through ingestion, organic decay and (to sterilize pens) burning. This will generate a suite of geoarchaeological and archaeobotanical proxies, for different plant types (taxa, anatomical parts, seasons) with different preservation histories (ingested, decayed, burnt), that will then be applied to analysis of prehistoric penning deposits in Iberian caves and rock-shelters. The resulting semi-quantitative data on livestock diet in particular contexts will underpin modelling of the qualitative and temporal dimensions of early livestock grazing/ browsing and foddering at intra- and inter-site levels to enable assessment of the potential scale of herding and thus of the likely mobility of livestock and relative importance of crops and livestock in early farming. Geofodder will thus advance our understanding of early livestock husbandry in the SW Mediterranean, contribute to assessment of the long-term landscape impact and sustainability of herding, and establish methodological standards for investigating such questions in other regions and periods.

Mots clés : animal management, livestock diet, sediments, geoarchaeology, archaeobotany, ethnoarchaeology, experimental archaeology, caves and rock shelters, iberian peninsula

Participants :
- University of Sheffield (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet WHEREAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last 20 years, world heritage and world literature have drawn much attention because they represent a convenient framework for visualising and promoting a certain numbers of selected ‘items’ acknowledged as the best achievements of human creativity, in response to a growing interest about foreign cultures. However, the concepts of world heritage—especially the recent declaration of intangible cultural heritage (ICH)—and world literature have been harshly questioned: Is it correct to delegate to an international community that is identified with the cultural elites of developed countries the power to judge and “edit the cultural diversity of the world” such as UNESCO”s list of ICH, or to arrange and create a new canon of “what is literary and what is not” such as in anthologies of world literature? These questions are tied to problems of the ownership of cultural heritage and of authorship of certain literary works that are translated from peripheral languages to hegemonic, international ones. Regarding these problems, the discourses of East Asia and Japan are interesting objects of study not only because they are both ‘peripheral’ from the traditional, Eurocentric point of view but also because their cultural and literary heritage is often older and richer than that of many European countries. This action will allow the candidate to apply an interdisciplinary approach to merge the different debates on ownership and authorship, and to formulate a new definition of ‘literary heritage’ that presents an alternative to the dichotomy of tangible/intangible. The case study will focus on the role of Sinitic writing (jp.: kanbun) in pre-modern Japan as part of the shared cultural heritage of East Asia and its historical development, reception, diffusion and eventual abandonment. This research will stimulate the dialogue on the role of literary heritage among multicultural societies with shared traditions and languages, such as East Asia and the European Union.

Mots clés : japanese literature, sinitic, kanbun, sino japanese, world literature, world heritage, cultural heritage, east asia, authorship, ownership

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 280683.0 €
- Waseda University (Japon) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet Topological superfluidity (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last decade experimental and theoretical studies in condensed matter demonstrated that materials with strong spin-orbit coupling can host a new state of matter for the electron gas - a topological insulator. More recently the concept of topological matter was generalized theoretically to superconducting systems with strong spin-orbit coupling. The topological character manifests itself in the presence of quantum states bound to edges or defects that exhibit exotic physical properties. In topological superconductors, edge states are described as Majorana fermions. These exotic particles - originally predicted in high-energy physics - are non-abelian anyons: their quantum statistics is neither bosonic nor fermionic. Observing Majorana fermions would be the first demonstration of such exotic particles. The field of ultracold atoms seems well suited for the realization of superfluid systems with strong spin-orbit coupling. As shown in recent experimental works, manipulating manipulating atomic internal states with lasers can mimick spin-orbit couplings of strong amplitude. We have constructed at College de france a new experimental setup producing ultracold Dysprosium atomic gases. This atomic species exhibits narrow electronic transitions that should allow one to create such a spin-orbit coupling without substantial heating, which is the main requisite for creating a superfluid state. Combining spin-orbit coupling and strong interactions should lead to the formation of a topological superfluid. We will investigate the structure of quasi-particle excitations of this superfluid, which should exhibit edge modes described as Majorana fermions.

Mots clés : topological superfluidity, fermi gas, spin orbit coupling, majorana fermion, dysprosium

Participants :
- Collège de France (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet NanoVoltSens (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last decade, the rapidly developing optical imaging field has significantly improved our understanding of information processing in the brain. Although a number of promising tools have been designed, sensors of membrane potential are lagging behind. In this project we aim to characterize an innovative voltage sensor for neurons that is fundamentally different from the existing ones. Our sensor is based on targetable voltage-sensing semi-conductor nanorods (vsNRs) that self-insert into the neuronal membrane. The rods optically and non-invasively record action potentials at the single particle level, at multiple sites, and across a large field-of-view. Such vsNRs offer unique advantages, including: (1) large voltage sensitivity, (2) ratiometric imaging based on a large spectral shift as function of voltage, (3) very fast response times in the range of ns, (4) very high brightness that affords single-particle detection, and (5) excellent performance in the near-infrared spectral range. The goal of this project is to validate, calibrate, and use vsNRs in neurons, focusing on dendritic spines and dendritic voltage spikes. After initial characterization of vsNRs in neurons, we will take advantage of the exceptional spatial and temporal resolution provided by vsNRs in order to access electrical properties of individual dendritic spines, as well as to make use of the red-shifted emission of vsNRs in order to record simultaneously membrane potential and calcium fluctuations at dendritic branch points. The project is to be accomplished in the laboratory of Dr. Antoine Triller at the IBENS, Paris by Dr. Anastasia Ludwig, who has extensive experience in molecular neurobiology, including analysis of dendritic spine morphology and dynamics. Based on our preliminary data, we are certain to be able to provide within two years a viable and user-friendly voltage-imaging technology that will be widely applicable for the study of signal integration in the brain.

Mots clés : voltage sensors, dendritic spines, dendritic excitability, semi conductor nanoparticles, quantum dots

Participants :
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €