Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet WIKOLLECT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

WiKollect aims at creating a workflow for the large-scale transference of high-quality contents across languages. The workflow is divided in four cyclic steps. In step (i) an automatic model will identify contents available in a document in language A which are missing in a document, on the same topic, in language B. In step (ii) candidates to fill the gaps in the document in language B will be automatically generated. In step (iii) such candidates will be subject to manual evaluation by language learners. In step (iv) the contents identified as high-quality will be promoted to fill the gaps in the document in language B. WiKollect will take advantage of the barely-exploited synergy among natural language processing, language learning, and crowdsourcing. To address the different research challenges posed by the workflow design and implementation, it will create an innovative and re-usable hybrid intelligence architecture combining (a) artificial intelligence —such as machine learning and natural language processing— to identify contents worth transferring across languages and generate potential translations and (b) human intelligence —by means of implicit crowdsourcing— relying on a crowd of language learners to flag good contents. WiKollect will create different by-products in addition to the research products that will be generated by addressing each step in the four-step workflow. Language learning exercises on specific topics and complexity levels will be generated. The fair re-use of contents across languages will be promoted with the mass production of high-quality contents. During the MSC period, WiKollect will target the generation of Wiktionary contents in Italian and German. Still, the workflow is flexible and extendable and can be applied to other documents (e.g., Wikipedia articles, news) and languages in the near future.


Participants :
- European Academy of Bolzano (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet EUROCBH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Will central bank independence continue? In economic literature, there is a large consensus that the optimal statute for a central bank should be founded on the principles of independence and price stability. Over the past 30 years, most central banks across the advanced economies have been given the ability to conduct monetary policy independently from interference by fiscal and political authorities. In the post financial crisis era, however, central banks in many countries have been entrusted with the formulation of measures of ‘unconventional’ monetary policy going beyond their traditional mandates. Historical evidence reminds us that for many decades and especially after crises central banks have been heavily involved in industrial finance and the holding of government debt, but in ways that are often ignored. This was at least the case in France and Italy. The aim of EUROCBH (Europe and Its Central Banks: Lessons from History) is to place the question of the independence of the central bank in a historical perspective, shedding light on the evolution of the Bank of France and the Bank of Italy from the late 19th century to WWII. The activity of EUROCBH will be organized around four main research questions: 1) What was the role of the the central bank in fostering long-term investment and absorbing economic (and financial) shock in Italy and France? I will look at long term and targeted lending, and massive purchase of government bonds as "unconventional” measure of the central bank. This is the main question to which the others are all connected. 2) What were the similarities and the differences between the central banking experimentations of these two countries? 3) What we can learn from the comparison? Overall the project will lead to a better knowledge of central banking in the past, which is also expected to help understanding the re-opened debate surrounding the legitimacy, and the precise scope of central bank independence after the crisis.

Mots clés : central banking, xx century, italy, france, central bank independence, industrial policy, crises

Participants :
- École d'économie de Paris (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet BIG (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Will there exist price convergence in the online marketplaces? Is the economy shifting to a form of uniform pricing (each user observes the same price) or to a form of personalized pricing (discounts or prices are specific to groups of consumers)? From a managerial standpoint: What are companies’ optimal pricing strategies? What are the optimal frequencies of price changes? What is the optimal personalization? From the consumer standpoint: What are the behavioral reactions? What are the fairness concerns to those strategies? The research supported by this grant will allow to address these questions. The research lies in the intersection of pricing and big data using data from two main sources: data collected from online marketplaces; and data obtained from field experiments in partnerships with leading European retailers. The study of pricing and big data are core priorities for government agencies in Europe and the United States. For instance, big data is one of the five priorities under the “Digitizing European Industry” initiative and of Horizon 2020. The research will extract concrete implications. For academics, the development of advanced pricing optimization. For managers, the implementation of pricing algorithms in collaboration with academics that incorporates consumers’ concerns. And for policymakers, the understanding and thereby design of policies that regulate and increase price transparency, in a world where the barriers to using personalized data are increasingly complex.

Mots clés : consumer behavior, price transparency, big data, machine learning, industrial organization, optimal pricing, consumer fairness, offline and online markets

Participants :
- University of Navarra (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet OTFS-RADCOM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wireless communication systems are using increasingly larger carrier frequencies, from 900 MHz for 2G cellular, over 2 GHz for 3G, 2.5 GHz for 4G/LTE, and leaping to 28 GHz in 5G. Similar trends are visible for WiFi-based communication, with the 802.11ad standard operating at 60 GHz. This places wireless communication services very close to short range radar frequency bands. Such radars operate at frequencies around 24 GHz, 63 GHz, as well as at 76-81 GHz, and include both automotive radars and indoor personal radars. In next-generation networks, a large number of spectrally coexistent radars and communication devices can thus bring up the problem of mutual interference, which threatens radar safety and communication throughput. The objective of this action is to provide a new and industrially relevant solution to the problem of interference in spectrally congested wireless environments. To this aim, we propose a novel co-design of radar and communications (RadCom) systems via a joint Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) waveform, which enables both functionalities to be implemented on a single hardware. By multiplexing symbols in the delay-Doppler domain, the OTFS can overcome major limitations of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform (the de-facto standard for downlink communications), such as high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR), small channel coherence time and inter-carrier interference. The OTFS has recently been proposed for communication and we believe it holds great potential for radar as well. In close collaboration with local industry (Volvo, Ericsson), we propose to (i) derive and experimentally validate OTFS received signal models, (ii) design OTFS radar signal processing chain, and (iii) design an integrated OTFS RadCom solution. If successful, the project results can be employed in a wide range of applications (e.g., high-speed automated vehicles, dual-functional radar base stations) and contribute to beyond 5G standards.

Mots clés : joint radar communications, spectral co existence, next generation wireless networks, orthogonal time frequency space, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Participants :
- Chalmers University of Technology (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet WPCN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a promising networking paradigm for future wireless communication systems, where the batteries of wireless devices (WDs) are remotely replenished by means of microwave wireless power transfer (WPT) technology. Compared to the conventional battery-powered communication networks, WPCN is in general more convenient by eliminating the hassle of connecting cables, more cost-effective by enabling on-demand energy supplies and maintenance-free operations, more environmental-friendly by avoiding tons of battery disposal yearly, and is sometimes essential for scenarios where manual battery replacement/recharging is too dangerous (e.g., in hazardous environment) or even impossible (e.g., for biomedical implants). However, the practical deployment of WPCN is hampered by several critical issues, such as the low end-to-end WPT efficiency over a long distance, the inter-play between power and information transmissions within the same network, and the challenges of scalability in large networks. This project aims to resolve the above issues by paving the way for the practical deployment of WPCN. Towards this end, a comprehensive study on WPCN will be pursued, ranging from the networking architecture and protocol designs to optimized resource allocation. A number of innovative techniques will be proposed and thoroughly investigated in this project, including the new heterogeneous networking architecture for WPCN, the harvest-and-transmit protocol facilitated by the concept of energy-and-information full-duplexing, and the distributed energy beamforming technique with the idea of WD-initiated WPT. The results obtained in this project will find a wide range of applications in the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system, which involves numerous low-power WDs, including those in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), internet of things (IoT), and massive machine-type communications.

Mots clés : wireless communications, wireless power transfer, wireless powered communications, internet of things, resource allocation

Participants :
- University of Southampton (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet E-CORK (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

With 162,000 tons/year, Portugal and Spain have the largest world quota of cork production, being cork stoppers for wine and champagne the “star product”. About 90% of the cork stoppers used worldwide are produced in these two countries. The European Cork Federation established mandatory practices to ensure the quality of the natural stoppers which include several washing, bleaching and disinfection steps. These procedures generate large volumes of wastewaters up to 195,000 m3/year that contain non-biodegradable organic matter, hydrogen peroxide used as disinfectant and different dissolved salts; and constitute a serious risk to environment and human health. The E-CORK project builds on the premise that cork washing wastewaters can be effectively treated by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. The main goal is to develop an optimized electrochemical treatment line for the depuration and reutilization of cork washing wastewaters taking advantage of the hydrogen peroxide in the main effluent (from by-product to reactant), attending not only to the treatment performance, but also to its technical, economic and environmental feasibility. With this approach and bearing in mind the possibility of reuse the regenerated wastewaters, the E-CORK project aims to revolutionize the cork industry towards a circular economy. The inherent responsibility of Portugal and Spain R&D to promote cleaner and more cost-efficient technologies that safeguard cork production and aquatic environments; the close link with the industrial needs; and the experience of the candidate and supervisor at University of Coimbra, make the perfect conditions to successfully develop this project.

Mots clés : cork industrial wastewater, electrochemical processes, advanced oxidation processes, life cycle assessment

Participants :
- University of Coimbra (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159815.04 €
Projet STEPDYN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

With STEPDYN I propose to achieve for the first time an accurate theoretical and computational modelling of the reactive scattering of small molecules on stepped metal surfaces. The aim is to close the ‘material gap’ in our fundamental understanding of heterogeneous catalytic processes at the gas/solid interface, since stepped surfaces are close models of the active sites of catalyst particles. Specifically, I will focus on two processes: (i) dissociation of H2 on the stepped surface (211) of copper: H2/Cu(211) (ii) dissociation of CH4 on the stepped surface (211) of nickel: CH4/Ni(211) Both are activated dissociation processes of great importance for heterogeneous catalysis in the energy field (they are linked to methanol, methane and H2 processing). Using appropriate specific-reaction-parameter (SRP) density-functional theory for the systems of interest I will: (i) construct 6-dimensional potential energy surfaces and use them in quantum dynamics of H2/Cu(211), (ii) employ ab-initio Molecular Dynamics with a semi-classical description of nuclear motion for CH4/Ni(211). Possible methodological issues associated with structural degrees of freedom and anisotropy, localized electronic states, etc. will be systematically explored. This will be achieved in a MC fellowship during which I will: (i) work in an internationally recognized and scientifically stimulating group, leader in modeling molecular reactive scattering on metallic surfaces (ii) further and deepen my knowledge in scattering approaches to heterogeneous catalysis, grounding on what I matured in a 9-months visit during my PhD. (iii) combine it with my post-doc expertise in theoretical catalysis , (iv) face a challenging but important project requiring new methods, thus maturing my researcher’s skills (v) advance my career and become one of the experts in this field In tune with the objectives of the MC program both scientific achievements and personal advancement are aimed at within STEP

Mots clés : theoretical catalysis, gas surface interaction, reactive scattering

Participants :
- Leiden University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 177598.8 €
Projet CXCR4THERAPY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

β-thalassemias and sickle cell disease (SCD) are caused by mutations in the β-globin gene (HBB) that result in the defective synthesis (β-thalassemias) or the production of an abnormal variant (SCD) of hemoglobin. Currently, the only curative option is allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but it is severely limited by conditioning toxicity and the restricted availability of compatible donors. Alternative strategies, based on lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated introduction of a functional copy of the HBB gene followed by autologous transplantation, are currently explored. Despite the fact that clinical data are promising, achieving a broad therapeutic benefit still remains a major hurdle because of inefficient gene correction and competition of the endogenous affected HSCs. In this proposal, I intend to confer an in vivo competitive advantage to transduced HSCs in terms of homing and engraftment efficiencies by modulating the expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 through two different approaches. On one hand, as increased CXCR4 levels enhance bone marrow (BM) homing, I will develop an innovative LV-based strategy to transiently deliver CXCR4 into HSCs to improve their migration to the BM. On the other hand, as CXCR4 haploinsufficiency enhances proliferation of homed HSCs, I will develop LVs down-regulating CXCR4 expression to endow corrected HSCs with an increased BM repopulating capacity. Thanks to these strategies, corrected HSCs will be able to out-compete non-corrected as well as endogenous affected HSCs, thus attaining therapeutic levels of engraftment even with a reduced number of corrected HSCs. In addition, this will contribute to use a milder conditioning regimen, normally required to eliminate endogenous affected HSCs, and thus reduce its toxicity, which preclude this treatment for patients with high disease burden. Noteworthy, this approach can potentially benefit many diseases amenable to HSC gene therapy.

Mots clés : cxcr4, ex vivo hsc correction, gene therapy, multi functional lv particles, engraftment

Participants :
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet FINGOV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

‘FINGOV – Financial Governance’ tests the hypothesis that EU funding could play a crucial role in steering policy implementation and enhancing inter-state solidarity in migration, an area European citizens identify as a key challenge for the EU. The project undertakes a cross-policy (migration and cohesion policies) and comparative (Greece and the Netherlands) analysis of the legal design and administration modes of two types of EU funding: Migration Funds and Structural and Investment Funds. It adopts an interdisciplinary approach, and combines doctrinal legal research with empirical qualitative research, incorporating findings through semi-structured interviews with institutional and civil society experts at EU level, the Netherlands and Greece. It delivers an evidence-based evaluation of EU funding’s impact to steer policy implementation and realise inter-state solidarity, yielding proposals to reform EU migration funding. Conceptually, it analyses trends the management of EU funding reveals about the changing nature of the European administrative system, advancing debates on federalism, governance and public policy. To achieve these objectives, I will be based at Maastricht University’s Centre for European Law, a top research institute, home to one of the largest groups of scholars in the world studying EU law. I will follow training in public policy and in problem based learning teaching methodologies, and will acquire transferable skills in leadership, project management, and communication under Prof. De Witte’s supervision. The research is relevant for academics, policy-makers, and civil society: I will distil findings in a journal article and a book manuscript, and formulate evidence based proposals to reform EU migration funding in a policy brief. Dissemination to the scientific and policy community will culminate in a conference. Communication targeting wider audiences will include contributions in open access blogs, online newspapers, and social media.

Mots clés : administrative governance, inter state solidarity, eu funding, migration funds, cohesion funds, european union, multi level governance

Participants :
- Maastricht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet MERWBKBS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

‘Patterns and management of ethnic relations in the Western Balkans and the Baltic States’ This study will compare the management of ethnic relations in two Western Balkan states (Serbia and Croatia) with the management of ethnic relations in two Baltic republics (Latvia and Estonia). It will concentrate on: (a) the legal and institutional infrastructures on minority rights; (b) the impact of domestic and external actors on the management of ethnic relations. This research is placed inside the framework of the EU’s enlargement. Latvia and Estonia have been EU member-states since 2004. Croatia joined the EU in 2013 whereas accession negotiations with Serbia commenced in October 2011. By conducting research on two different post-Communist settings (two post-Yugoslav and two post-Soviet states) this comparative project will provide new insights in conflict resolution and the management of ethnic relations in the new and the aspiring EU member-states. Research questions: (a) How do the Western Balkan and Baltic models for managing ethnic relations compare to each other and to European standards? (b) How does the intersection between domestic and external actors impact on the management of ethnic relations in the Western Balkans and the Baltic States?

Mots clés : minority rights, ethnic relations, nationalism, euroscepticism, international relations, geopolitics, european integration, multiculturalism, baltic states, western balkans

Participants :
- University of Tartu (Estonie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 136582.8 €