Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet ECOGAL (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Galaxy formation and evolution are intimately connected to the galaxy's surrounding environment and its halo. Baryonic components other than stellar mass, including interstellar medium (ISM) and circum-galactic medium (CGM) must be better constrained in different environments in order to fully characterise the relation between baryon and halo, which is fundamental concerning galaxy evolution in a cosmological context. I propose a project ECOGAL (ECOology for Galaxies using ALMA archive and Legacy surveys) that leverages the 10-year repository of the ALMA archive to constrain cosmic molecular gas density and investigate CGM in different phases (cold and hot) for several (proto)cluster systems at redshift greater than 1. With the complete dust and FIR line emission catalogue from the ALMA archive within optical/infrared(IR) legacy survey fields, ECOGAL will i) constrain cosmic gas density beyond redshift 1 with unarguably better number statistics; and ii) build a first representative sample on CGM properties in (proto)clusters at z=1-3, through carbon and carbon monoxide line emissions (cold phase) and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect signals (hot phase). With the timely convergence with current and next-generation optical/IR facilities (JWST, Euclid, the Vera Rubin observatory) and a decade-old ALMA archive at submm/mm, the outcome of ECOGAL will produce a state-of-the-art reference to studies of galaxy formation and evolution in a large-scale structure. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) and DTU space have extensive access to the most advanced optical/IR facilities and extragalactic surveys and offer the necessary computing resources and research environment. Therefore, they are the optimal places to carry out this project. The expertise of G. Magdis and his group support is also essential to make this proposal successful.

Mots clés : observational astronomy, interstellar medium, circumgalactic medium

Participants :
- Université technique du Danemark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet CORaL (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Deep learning methods have propelled many of the recent remarkable achievements of artificial intelligence, yet their inner workings remain enigmatic. How do these methods represent the training examples in their multiple processing layers? How are these representations used to make decisions on previously unseen data? The Correlation-Oriented Representation Learning (CORaL) project delves into the intricate relationship between data correlations and the hidden representations of deep neural networks. CORaL's core objectives encompass: i) characterizing the structure of data correlations in tasks where deep learning methods excel; ii) providing a theoretical description of the interplay between the learning dynamics of deep networks and data correlations; and iii) validating these theoretical insights on benchmark machine-learning datasets. The Researcher will approach these objectives with an effective mix of numerical experiments, scaling descriptions and rigorous arguments, inspired by statistical physics and fostered by the unique interdisciplinary scientific community of SISSA. By describing the impact of data correlations on representation learning, CORaL holds the potential to enhance the interpretability and efficiency of deep learning methods across diverse domains, while also enhancing our general understanding of the principles of learning from examples.

Mots clés : deep learning theory, physics of deep learning, representation learning, hierarchical learning

Participants :
- École internationale supérieure d'études avancées (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet CAPSELL (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Chalcogenide Perovskites (CPs) have an enormous potential for Photovoltaics (PV). They have a high absorption coefficient and direct, tunable bandgap range of 1.45 - 2.2eV, complementing Si solar cells. Moreover, CPs are composed of earth-abundant and nontoxic elements and have high thermal stability when exposed to air and humidity. However, no working CP-based solar cells have been reported due to their very high synthesis temperatures in a sulfur-reach environment. Realizing the potential of efficient and nontoxic CP-based solar cells currently faces two main challenges: the high synthesis temperature and the lack of control over doping. The overall goal of my project is to make CPs into photovoltaic absorbers by developing synthetic routes that provide highly crystalline thin films below temperatures of 500 C and controlling their doping levels. To address these two missions, I will use a one-of-a-kind suite of thin-film deposition systems at my host institution (DTU Denmark). The system is dedicated to high throughput synthesis of sulfides with air-free transfer between three film processing tools. I will use combinatorial methods to systematically study the effect of changing elemental composition, chemical potentials, and process parameters on the crystallization temperature. After depositing high-quality thin film at lower temperatures, I will use the unique possibilities to control the charge carriers concentration in the CPs thin films at the host lab by incorporating various extrinsic dopants. The wide use of combinatorial synthesis and high throughput characterization in this research will bring substantial, high-quality data for machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) purposes. Depositing CPs on TCOs can pave the way for a new kind of stable and nontoxic solar cells with moderate production costs.

Mots clés : chalcogenide perovskites

Participants :
- Université technique du Danemark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet FCORT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project is a cutting-edge exploration of the dynamics of black hole collisions in general relativity and in modified gravity theories in an innovative way that makes the merging of black holes amenable to analytic treatment in the extreme-mass-ratio limit. By developing an approach based on ray tracing, the project assumes a pioneering stance, leveraging strong field tests of gravity to impart stringent constraints on modified gravity theories and learning more about black hole merging and matter collapse. The approach is complementary to other techniques currently employed, but in a regime that is not accessible to them. Central to its timeliness is the burgeoning of gravitational wave astronomy, hastening the need for empirical validation. The forthcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) adds further urgency, promising novel insights into strong gravity within a decade.

Mots clés : black holes, event horizon, compact objects, ray tracing, geodesic integration, extreme mass ratio binaries, gravitational waves

Participants :
- École internationale supérieure d'études avancées (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet RECREATE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Feldspar luminescence is a diverse tool used to constrain the timing and rates of past changes of the Earth’s surface, but it is also key for understanding future landscape response under a changing climate. Novel luminescence techniques, such as luminescence thermochronometry, thermometry and surface exposure dating, used to reconstruct rock cooling histories, erosion rates and palaeotemperatures, require the application of models describing charge trapping due to ionising radiation, and luminescence decay due to heat or light stimulation. However, it has become clear that to improve the precision and accuracy of these approaches a much deeper understanding of the physics underlying these techniques is required. The interdisciplinary project “Reducing Empiricism in luminesCence models to measuRE rATes of Earth surface processes” (RECREATE) combines solid state physics and geosciences. RECREATE aims at accurately constraining physical parameters in the feldspar lattice governing luminescence production and to develop a unified physically correct feldspar luminescence model to be used in luminescence thermochronometry and thermometry studies, with the overall goal of making feldspar luminescence techniques and applications more accurate, transparent and widely applicable.

Mots clés : luminescence, feldspar, thermochronometry, modelling, crystal defects

Participants :
- Université de Lausanne (Suisse) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Université technique du Danemark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214934.4 €
Projet SENSEwellbeing (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

People with autism deserve more attention to their needs for indoor comfort and well-being. Due to their sensitivity to the 5-senses stimuli, they might perceive the environment differently. Moreover, some individuals with high-severity autism might have difficulties to properly respond to environmental stimuli, and therefore to adapt to the environmental conditions. Nevertheless, standards and guidelines typically address average standard populations, and little knowledge is present in the literature about how the indoor environment affects the well-being of people with autism, especially from the indoor environment and comfort engineering perspective. This knowledge gap has motivated SENSEwellbeing, in which we aim to perform an extensive study on indoor well-being of people with autism. Objective measurements of environmental parameters, behavioral monitoring and subjective questionnaire surveys will be conducted in a living lab and in field studies, allowing to: 1. Compare the perception of multi-domain environmental exposures of adults and adolescents with low-severity autism with a control group, in a living lab; 2. Verify the results conducted in the laboratory in every-day life environments and with individuals with a higher severity of autism; 3. Study adaptive strategies, depending on autism severity and co-morbidities; 4. Apply and validate a methodology based on third-party observations, to survey the environmental well-being of people with communicative difficulties; 5. Associate the responses to individual characteristics (gender, age, cultural background, health-status). SENSEwellbeing will be significant for the scientific community, designers and industry: it will offer inputs to extend and refine models, standards and guidelines to be used for the design of comfortable environments for people with autism, as well as to develop home automation systems to improve well-being, safety and autonomy of people with autism and special needs in general.

Mots clés : comfort well being autism indoor environment health multi domain combined effects occupant behavior

Participants :
- Université technique du Danemark (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 230774.4 €
Projet EMERGE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In recent decades, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising therapeutics in biomedicine due to their crucial role in intercellular communication and their capacity to deliver biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs to recipient cells. Despite their potential, EVs derived from mammalian sources face several challenges, including safety concerns, high production costs, and inconsistent reproducibility. Plant-derived EVs, however, present a safer and more effective alternative, thanks to their non-toxic nature, lack of immunogenicity, and unique molecular biocargo. The EMERGE project aims to create innovative hybrid nanomaterials for cancer treatment by combining plant-EVs with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This novel approach not only exploit the inherent safety and therapeutic potential of plant-EVs but also addresses production challenges by employing plant cell cultures (PCCs) as biofactories for EV production. MNPs will serve a dual purpose: they will facilitate the selective purification of EVs from PCC-conditioned media and enhance their anticancer effects through magnetic hyperthermia (MHT). The project will focus on refining EV purification and functionalization, optimizing the loading of anticancer agents, and assessing the effectiveness of MNP@eEVs in both traditional 2D cancer cell models and advanced 3D patient-derived tumor organoids (tumoroids). Tumoroids, as advanced models derived from patient samples, offer a cutting-edge approach to personalized medicine, providing more precise testing environments for therapeutic strategies. By integrating plant-derived EVs with MNPs and utilizing MHT, EMERGE aims to push the boundaries of drug delivery systems and enhance cancer treatment outcomes, marking a significant advancement in the field of nanomedicine.

Mots clés : plants, extracellular vesicles, tumoroids, nanomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles

Participants :
- Conseil supérieur de la recherche scientifique (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 209914.56 €
- Azienda ospedaliera di rilievo nazionale santobono pausilipon (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet CHIMERA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

The next wave of electronic quantum devices requires the development of solid-state systems showcasing distinct quantum properties. The ongoing intensive research has pinpointed promising quantum systems in 2D materials, particularly those derived from transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Their properties are typically investigated in two distinct and separate phases. Initially, electronic states and transitions between them are studied through optical spectroscopy. The material is then embedded in a device whose electrical response is characterised by using electron transport spectroscopy. This workflow, however, fails to capture events such as grain boundaries formation, defects, and carrier scattering sources that happen when the device is operating and are major factors for performance deterioration and energy wastage. As a result, the correlation between material structure modifications and quantum properties remains largely unexplored. This action seeks to bridge this gap by merging both techniques into a unified, real-time methodology. I will produce wafer-sized TMDs layers using a novel synthesis technique compatible with industry routines for large-scale manufacturing. I will then fabricate TMD-based field-effect transistors and monitor the optical response of the channel whilst charge carriers flow through it. This will provide a fundamental understanding of rapid ageing effects in nanoscale transistors. Ultimately, using this knowledge, I aim to fabricate energy-efficient logic gates with TMDs.

Mots clés : 2d materials, physical synthesis of nanostructures, in operando spectroscopies, thin film growth, synchrotron radiation, x ray optical excited luminescence, photoelectron spectroscopy

Participants :
- Université de Modène et de Reggio Emilie (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet F.E.E.D. your mind (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The rise of food-related health disorders calls for action. Food behaviors take shape early in life and track well into adulthood. Thus, efficient evidence-based interventions promoting healthy food practices in early life are key to tackling these challenges. The aim of the project is to shed light on the cognitive processes underlying food learning in infancy and provide empirical bases to design such interventions. The project adopts a novel perspective on food learning. Current research has overlooked that our modern food environment strongly differs from the environment in which our ancestors lived. In fact, in most cultures today, decisions about food are made during a trip to the grocery store, where we might ask ourselves: Are these canned tomatoes healthy? but certainly not: Are they edible or toxic?. As a result, scholars missed that a critical step in learning what to eat over the course of ontogeny, is determining which entities in the world are wholesome foods and which ones are harmful items to eschew. The project will fill this research gap using robust methods from neuroscience and psychology. First, WP1 will investigate the ontogeny and neuro-cognitive bases of the capacity to recognize food objects, testing whether this capacity emerges when infants transition to solid food, guiding their attention to food-relevant inputs, such as social information about edibility. Second, WP2 will examine the social component of food learning processes, once infants are able to recognize food objects, testing whether infants show a negativity bias when learning about food from others, giving more weight to negative than to positive information. Finally, building on WP1 and WP2 results, WP3 will investigate the longitudinal relationship between the processes underlying food recognition and learning in infancy and food behaviors later in childhood, paving a way towards designing efficient evidence-based interventions promoting healthy eating in early life.

Mots clés : food cognition infancy social learning food behaviors conceptual development

Participants :
- Université Paris Cité (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195914.88 €
Projet CLARASAR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Landslides are a significant hazard in mountainous environments. The advent of earth observation from space has hugely increased the scope of landslide studies and improved our understanding in terms of hazard mitigation, early warning, triggering mechanisms and mass-wasting effects. Occurrences of new landslides can be observed in optical satellite images, while slow-moving landslides can be monitored using satellite radar interferometry (InSAR). However, while the spatial coverage of landslide studies has been expanded by the availability of remote sensing datasets, a complete picture of landslide activity remains difficult to obtain from satellite imagery: optical satellite images are best-suited to detection of new landslides in vegetated environments, while inSAR is limited to slow-moving landslides. Current methods therefore struggle to detect multi-stage failure or reactivation of pre-existing landslide scars for fast-moving or incoherent deformation. Here I will develop new SAR-based techniques using amplitude and coherence time series to detect multi-stage failure and reactivations. I will test and apply these techniques at a range of spatial scales (individual large landslides up to regional inventories). I will apply to techniques to two case study areas (Nepal and Papua New Guinea) that have experienced landslides triggered by sequences of both earthquakes and rainfall. The case where landslides are triggered by a sequence of events is one where detection of multi-stage failure is particularly important: whether a landslide fails once or several times has implications for both hazard and erosion. By applying the new methods here alongside traditional remote sensing techniques, we hope to obtain a more comprehensive view of landslides than is currently possible.

Mots clés : landslides, erosion, hazards

Participants :
- Université de Milan-Bicocca (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172750.08 €
Projet SMART-NRG (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Energy efficiency in buildings is a critical aspect of addressing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To contribute to this endeavor, our research project focuses on the development and optimization of phase change materials (PCMs) derived from biomass as a sustainable solution for thermal energy storage in buildings. PCMs have shown promise in enhancing energy efficiency by storing and releasing thermal energy as they undergo phase transitions. However, challenges such as low thermal conductivity and leakage have limited their widespread application, especially in construction materials. Our project seeks to address these challenges by exploring the use of natural biomass materials, such as plant fibers, wood particles, endocarps, and husks, as containers for PCMs. These lignocellulosic materials possess unique properties, including high deformation capacity and porosity, which make them promising candidates for effectively containing and activating PCMs. By utilizing biomass as PCM containers, we aim to improve the thermal performance of building materials, reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve our objectives, we will conduct a comprehensive research program that includes experimental testing, numerical simulations, and optimization techniques.

Mots clés : biomass phase change materials thermal energy storage cement based materials sustainability

Participants :
- Université de Gênes (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 94295.04 €
- Université de Pérouse (Italie) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €