Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet Trojan (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

African trypanosomiasis has been a historic scourge on the African continent and one of the major causes of poverty. It is responsible for sleeping sickness in humans and it avoids the development of agriculture based on domesticated animals where it causes Nagana. It is a neglected disease with the worst drug control according to WHO. In this project, I propose a conceptual change in the therapeutic approach against Trypanosoma sp., being the goal of the proposal to eliminate the parasite in its vector, the tsetse fly, thus fighting both, sleeping sickness and Nagana. Taking advantage of the current methodological advances, the claim of this innovative proposal is the design of a new expression system to reduce or eliminate the vector competence, using for it one of the endosymbionts of the fly, Sodalis sp. The development of this idea involves a work of entomology, microbiology, parasitology and molecular biology. For this study, 2 research groups with solid and complementary expertise and skills are required: The French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (France) and the University of Groningen (The Netherlands). The methodology implemented in this project will be: (i) characterization of proteins secretion pathways in Sodalis for heterologous expression of peptides, (ii) identification of promoters overexpressed in Sodalis upon interaction with Trypanosoma, and their characterization by fusion to fluorescent proteins, iii) paratransgenesis assays in flies and evaluation of the in vivo activity in infected and non-infected flies, stability across time and inherency to progeny, iv) analysis of the vector competence, using the new expression system by the production of antimicrobial peptides active against Trypanosoma, production of insecticidal peptides to kill the flies infected and RNA interference with the fly/symbionts. Blocking parasite transmission, we will contribute to drastically reduce the impact of trypanosome on African health.

Mots clés : vector competence, protein heterologous expression, promoter identification, molecular biology, paratransgenesis

Participants :
- University of Groningen (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet GTS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

After centuries of neglect, the translator is now recognised as a crucial negotiator in the international exchange of ideas. Accessing reliable versions of foreign texts is absolutely vital for international dialogue and establishing common grounds for the exchange of culture. Within this process, translators are regularly held accountable for their perceived fidelity to the translated text and for the success of its adaptation to the target culture. Yet we know very little about how, during the writing or genesis of the text, translators negotiate their personal ethics and creativity within the constraints of the publishing industry and the culture of reception. Translation Studies could more accurately describe translation processes and better train future translators if researchers knew how expert literary translators decide which strategies to pursue, when they exercise or restrain their creativity, and when it is circumscribed by others. The possibility to acquire such knowledge is emerging through the recent development of translators’ archives in Europe and North America, in particular. Scholars have begun to retrace the genesis of certain texts by studying translation manuscripts and material evidence of the creative process. However, this new field of research lacks a coherent methodology that allows it to build a systematic appreciation of translator decision making and understand how individuals negotiate external pressures and influences. The Genetic Translation Studies project addresses exactly this problem. Furthermore, it analyses the cultural politics that determine if, which, and whose translation materials are collected, where, how, and above all, why. It uses this understanding to formulate and promote policy solutions to increase the quantity and diversity of translator archives. This will therefore allow future researchers to understand the processes that shape a much wider range of translations valued by the public.

Mots clés : translation studies, sociology of translation, literary archives, public policy

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178320.0 €
Projet YTOPIA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

After his arrest for mass murder, the Norwegian terrorist Andres Breivik declared “that a Japanese would understand him a lot better than any European would”, because “the Japanese understand the idea and values of honour”. Shortly before committing suicide in the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris on 21st May 2013, the French new right thinker Dominique Venner wrote a book in which he depicted himself as a ‘samurai’ who fought in defence of European identity. These are just two of the many examples of the role played by a certain image of Japan in far-right imagination of our time. This project investigates the origins and development of the political discourses on Japan – something that can be called ‘yamatology’ instead of japanology – by focusing on the historical moment in which they reached its wider dissemination and became integral parts of far-right ideologies. The aim of this project is, therefore, to analyse comparatively the discursive construction of the image of Japan in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Instead of offering an overview on the European representations of Japan or focusing on a national case study, this project will carry out a detailed analysis of Nazi-Fascist yamatological representations, by considering them as result of a dialogical interaction between European and Japanese actors, as well as a constituent element of the Axis’ cultural policies closely related to many of the ideological features shared by both Fascism and Nazism. The project’s ultimate goal is to highlight the utopian dimension of yamatological representations, in which Japan – just like it did for Breivik or Venner – became the projection surface for far-right values and political aspirations. In doing so, this project allows re-thinking of the nature of fascism, both stressing a substantial similarity between Nazism and Fascism, and revealing the influence of non-European models on ultra-nationalist and Eurocentric world views.

Mots clés : fascist studies, german italian relations, german japanese relations, italian japanese relations, imagology, political utopia, japanese studies

Participants :
- Kyoto Sangyo University (Japon) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 258498.24 €
Projet ATTO-SPIE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

After more than 40 years of development, the semiconductor industry is currently experiencing a paradigm shift as it transitions from deep ultraviolet (UV) to extreme UV (EUV) lithography for high-volume manufacturing (HVM) of integrated circuits (ICs) to ensure further device scaling to the future technology nodes. However, integration of EUV lithographic scanners in HVM pipelines has been stymied by an incomplete knowledge of the in-situ photoresist radiochemistry that occurs during EUV exposure, which has prevented engineering of photoresists to reduce stochastic print failures and subsequent device failure rates. The proposed action, ATTOsecond Spectromicroscopies for Photoresist Improvement and Efficacy (ATTO-SPIE) will bridge this knowledge gap by developing and deploying spatiotemporal metrologies that can track the in-situ electro-chemical dynamics occurring during EUV exposure. ATTO-SPIE will capitalise on the Experienced Researcher’s (ER) expertise on the generation and use of attosecond EUV light for time-resolved spectroscopies, as well as the knowhow of an experienced team of complementary supervisors and a state-of-the-art attosecond metrology lab (AttoLab) located in a world-leading semiconductor R&D hub (IMEC) to develop new metrology techniques that will enable resolution of the EUV exposure mechanism. This ambitious aim will be accomplished via three thrusts: i) quantification of EUV exposure kinetics in photoresists, ii) ultrafast spectroscopies to track transient chemical dynamics of EUV exposure, and iii) in-situ spatiotemporal photoelectron microscopies, all of which will be key for unraveling the complexities of the EUV exposure mechanism. The results of ATTO-SPIE will not only provide new metrology tools for photoresist research, but also stimulate new avenues in ultrafast metrologies for the semiconductor industry, while also enhancing the career potential of the ER and increasing the current knowledge base of resist radiation chemistry.

Mots clés : extreme ultraviolet  euv, attosecond science, high harmonic generation  hhg, photoresists, ultrafast physics, lithography, time resolved spectroscopy, photoemission electron spectro microscopy

Participants :
- IMEC (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet MODERNight-2020 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : European Researchers' Night
Statut du projet : CLOSED

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the research in the Republic of Moldova faced and continues to face problems related to insufficient financing. Drastic reduction of public expenditures on research and development (R&D), lack of clear normative regulations and motivation for non-public R&D funding have resulted in massive brain-drain, partial destruction of R&D infrastructure, considerable decline of the status of researchers, engineers and of interest of students in scientific studies. The association in 2011 of the Republic of Moldova to FP7 and in 2014 to H2020 framework programme of EU opened new opportunities and perspectives for researchers from the Republic of Moldova. Nevertheless, in Moldova the status of researchers and engineers remains very low, and the necessity to develop science and technology in the country has been discussed by public for almost three decades. Therefore, the objectives of the MODERNight-2020 project are the following: • Promote communication between scientists and public through project event; • Run an awareness raising campaign of research and innovation activities taking place in the Republic of Moldova; • Support the public recognition of EU funded researchers, especially beneficiaries of MSCA; • Emphasize the impact of research and innovation on daily life and social welfare; • Bring young people into the world of science, innovation and entrepreneurship and encourage them to pursue a scientific career.

Mots clés : european researchers  night

Participants :
- Technical University of Moldova (Rép. Moldave) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 51875.0 €
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova (Rép. Moldave) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 30437.5 €
- Institutul de dezvoltare a societatii informationale (Rép. Moldave) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 26687.5 €
Projet RuKNOW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Against the backdrop of EU-Russia relations reaching the lowest point since the end of the Cold War, this project is dedicated to understanding what representations and principles underscore Russian policies vis-à-vis the EU, by specifically exploring the relations between Russian academic knowledge of world politics and Russian foreign policymaking. This entails examining the interface between the academy and the world of policymaking, i.e. common and intermediary structures between the two worlds enabling people, training and knowledge to travel between them. None of these areas has been subject to detailed study with regard to Russia. The objectives of the project therefore are: (1) to identify the major concepts, theoretical frameworks and empirical concerns that characterize the Russian study of Russia-EU relations; (2) to pinpoint the dominant narratives on Russia-EU relations produced by the policy world; (3) to identify the structures and frameworks of exchange, homology and mimetism between the academic and policy-making fields in Russia; (4) to identify the content and form of the actual exchange of knowledge and expertise between the academy and the field of policymaking. This close focus on Russia makes it essential for this study to be carried out under the Global Fellowship framework. The meeting of research objectives and the achievement of training goals require the development of ties and collaboration with the Russian academia and continued exposure to Russian policy-making environment. The innovative nature of this cross-disciplinary project consists in proposing an alternative approach to examining Russian foreign policy and in the application of a rich methodological framework to capture the different dimensions - institutional, cultural, ideological - of the knowledge-policy interface. The carrying out of this research at academic institutions in Russia and the EU will enhance scholarly collaboration across the current political divide.

Mots clés : international relations, russia, sociology of knowledge, eu russia relations, foreign policy

Participants :
- St Petersburg University (Russie) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- Aberystwyth University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 287825.4 €
Projet MemoryAggregates (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by the irreversible pathological aggregation of proteins with low complexity (LC) sequences. In contrast, cells can exploit LC protein aggregation to help them adapt to changing environments. The factors that determine whether an aggregate is functional or pathological are unclear. How do cells control protein aggregation? Are age-associated diseases caused by loss of control over functional protein aggregates? To address these questions, we will study how yeast cells induce aggregation of Whi3, an LC RNA-binding protein, in order to memorise failed mating attempts. Using mass spectrometry, fluorescence microscopy and biochemical assays, we will determine whether post-translational modifications, RNA-binding and protein sequence affect Whi3 aggregation and function. We will then characterise the material properties and structures of Whi3 aggregates using cryo-electron tomography. Once we understand how cells control Whi3 aggregation, we will investigate whether this regulatory mechanism deteriorates in old cells, and whether the properties and structures of age-induced aggregates differ from their functional counterparts. These studies will improve our understanding of the largely unexplored phenomenon of functional protein aggregation, and how ageing promotes the uncontrolled protein aggregation underlying neurodegenerative diseases.

Mots clés : protein aggregation, ageing, phase transition, prion, single cell memory

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203149.44 €
Projet AGORAs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

Age-related remodeling of the aorta is associated with alterations in morphology and hemodynamics . These alterations are involved and accelerated in the presence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), suggesting that they are the likely culprits that underlie the increased cardiovascular risk associated with ageing . However, an advanced characterization of the age-related morphological/hemodynamic alterations and on their synergistic interplay is missing, mainly because encumbered by time-consuming operator-dependent tasks. In this 36 months global fellowship (University of Toronto, Canada and Politecnico di Torino, Italy), the potential clinical utility of such a characterization will be addressed, developing tools for the quantitative assessment of the age-associated alterations in a large-scale cross-sectional dataset of aortas from subjects with successful ageing. After training on phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI) technique, for each subject the 4D velocity field will be acquired. Quantitative morphometric parameters will be defined and evaluated in vivo. To investigate aortic hemodynamics, PCMRI will be complemented by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to overcome PCMRI limitations on temporal/spatial resolution and wall shear stress quantification . The impact of CFD assumptions will be assessed by validating CFD results with PCMRI measurements. To improve CFD results accuracy, in the return phase PCMRI data will be incorporated into the numeric simulations, through the assimilation of the acquired flow fields into the CFD solver. Descriptors quantifiable in vivo and able to simplify the understanding of the complex 4D hemodynamic and of age-associated remodeling will be defined. The new tools for diagnostic/prognostic purposes will be integrated within the open-source Vascular Modelling ToolKit, to facilitate and streamline the diagnosis and monitoring of a wider range of CVDs when applied to other vascular districts (e.g. carotid, aneurysm).

Mots clés : phase contrast mri, morphometry, biofluid dynamics, hemodynamics, computational fluid dynamics, data assimilation

Participants :
- Polytechnic University of Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 229761.0 €
- University of Toronto (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet EpiMetAgeing (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Ageing is an unavoidable consequence of living and constitutes the highest risk factor for most human diseases in modern “western” societies. Despise the frequently observed correlation between metabolic alterations and cellular ageing, the molecular mechanisms linking these two complex processes are far from being understood. Here the EpiMetAgeing project proposes to take a novel approach to investigate cell decline linked to obesity and ageing through the lenses of RNA modifications, specifically TET2-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines (5hmC). For that purpose, we will characterize the impact of obesity throughout ageing in: (1) the distribution and dynamics of 5hmC epitranscriptomic modification and (2) the key RNA-binding proteins that mediate TET2 function. Given that RNA modifications are reversible, the ultimate goal of this project is to develop novel strategies for cellular rejuvenation. To this end the ER will use cutting-edge technologies, including next-generation sequencing techniques, proteomics, CRISPR activation and repression systems, metabolic phenotyping and iPSC technology. EpiMetAgeing will provide a deeper understanding of the implication of a specific RNA chemical modification in orchestrating metabolism and ageing. Our research has the potential to facilitate the identification of potential druggable targets for therapeutic intervention in age-associated metabolic diseases. EpiMetAgeing has been carefully designed by combining the ER and host expertise in a highly interdisciplinary research environment to boost her career opportunities, and enhance her possibilities to achieve a position of greater professional maturity and independence that will allow her transition to become a principal investigator in the European R&D system.

Mots clés : epitranscriptomics, metabolism, somatic cell reprogramming, ageing, cellular rejuvenation

Participants :
- University of Santiago de Compostela (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet MEMOTION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Aging is a primary health concern for all European countries and the entire world. Healthy adults experience memory declines that affect daily functioning, yet their ability to process emotion is well-preserved. The benefit of utilizing older adults spared emotional abilities to help mitigate memory declines has not been previously explored and will have substantial implications for daily life. The current project has two main goals. First, we will employ cutting-edge functional imaging technology to investigate age-related neural interactions between emotion and memory. To this end, electroencephalography (EEG) will record electrical brain activity non-invasively while participants perform an innovative memory task with an emotional component. Second, we will implement an innovative memory training programme to test brain plasticity, with a focus on transferring these benefits to daily life. It will enhance the importance of age-related preserved emotions to improve memory deficits. EEG activity will be recorded before and after training to examine the neural changes as a result of training. Besides the extensive research experience of the applicant in fundamental research of aging, the novel approach will be to conduct this project by synergizing key aspects of fundamental and applied sciences, emphasizing transfer of knowledge and collaboration with industry. There is a clear benefit of the mobility for both the applicant and the host, ensuring high quality results and dissemination. In this regard, the host will ensure the acquisition of new technical, management, tutorial and transferable skills. The applicant will also benefit from a multidisciplinary environment enhancing international collaboration that will surely contribute to diversify her career. Finally, via a specialized Career Development Plan, the host will provide the ideal training and validation environment, through which the applicant will reach unprecedented levels of professional maturity

Mots clés : aging, cognitive functions, emotions, neural activity, electroencephalography

Participants :
- Autonomous University of Madrid (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 170121.6 €