Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CooPMacaque (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A myriad of species including humans are social. Maintenance of sociality is based on cooperative interactions among individuals. Regardless of theories and empirical explanations, experimental evidence scarcity has rendered addressing the evolution of cooperation challenging. Ergo, little is known about what influences humans and other animals to cooperate and select specific partners during cooperative interactions. Proximate mechanisms facilitating cooperation can provide crucial information on its evolution and maintenance. In this project, I will focus on the following proxies - personality, prosociality, dominance rank-relationships, and the interplay of hormones - to understand how cooperation evolved, using ~100 individuals belonging to 5 macaque species (Macaca mulatta, M. fuscata, M. fasicularis, M. sylvanus, and M. silenus). I will examine - how similarities in personality and dominance-rank relationships influence partner choice; whether prosocial motivations of individuals initiate and enhance cooperative interaction; and the effect of the interplay of peripheral oxytocin, testosterone, and cortisol on cooperation. The innovative and new perspectives of the project include– a. avoiding anonymous/forced dyad testing - testing of macaques based on their intrinsic motivations to cooperate, thus, prioritising areas of ecological relevance such as partner choice; b. testing macaques in their social groups; c. testing in semi free-ranging environment. Hence, I will use an integrative, interdisciplinary, and comparative approach in the project. My existing expertise in social cognition and subsequent training during the fellowship will undoubtedly result in pioneering research output and scientific advancement in the area of cooperation dynamics. This project is the first attempt to study cooperation from an unexplored angle and will provide us with significant information on why cooperation evolved and how it is being maintained in social systems.

Mots clés : animal cognition, non human primates, cooperation, animal behaviour, partner choice, macaques, social cognition

Participants :
- Utrecht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175572.48 €
Projet HybridMat (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A new approach to design and manufacture hybrid materials based on biomimetic principles is proposed. The internal structure of multi-component metal hybrids will be created simultaneously at two levels: nanostructuring each constituent while also architecturing helical macroscale features. This project aims on fundamental study of physical mechanisms triggered by simultaneous mixing and nanostructuring of immiscible metals by severe shear while producing new types of hybrid materials. Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) with rotating shear plane and variable inclination angle will be used for production of multicomponent materials to obtain properties not found in individual conventional materials. This will be achieved by ‘architecturing’ the inner structure of the hybrid with consideration of the interface bond and enhanced inter-diffusion under SPD. A model of a hybrid consisting of different constituents with intercalated boundary layers will be developed. A thrust of research is primarily directed at the barely investigated shape and length scale effects of the constituents on the resulting properties of the new material. For practical applications, it addresses the nanostructured high-strength electrical conductor cables for efficient energy transmission. The project assists in developing novel manufacturing technologies for niche applications.

Mots clés : hybrid materials, biomimetic, nanostructuring, metal hybrids

Participants :
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 170509.2 €
Projet DRC-ECSA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A preliminary study by the applicant (Dr. Hua Wu (HW)) has proposed a novel dissolution-reaction-crystallisation mediated evaporation controlled self-assembly (DRC-ECSA) mechanism, from surprising and unprecedented observations of complex residual surface patterns with hierarchical architecture self-assembled upon evaporative drying of a ZnO nanofluid droplet. This mechanism is very diﬀerent from that previously established for the coﬀee ring eﬀect and other ECSA processes, and the morphological and nanostructural details of the obtained surface patterns also depend intricately on – thus are tuneable by – a range of physical parameters. Much of the complexity due to these corroborating factors remains to be fully explored. The aim of the project is threefold: 1) to fully understand the DRC-ECSA mechanism by comprehensively investigating the effects of physical parameters such as the solvent mixtures, evaporation rate, ZnO nanofluid concentration, shape and size of ZnO particles, addition of surfactants and polymers, substrate chemistry, droplet volume, temperature and humidity; 2) to apply and extend the DRC-ECSA mechanism (e.g. in a confined geometry and using binary particle mixtures) to obtain sophisticated surface patterns with tailored morphologies and hierarchical structures; 3) to evaluate the efficacy of the surface patterns for potential applications in antimicrobial coatings. By leading and engaging in the proposed project, Dr. HW will acquire new skills and knowledge in a range of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary scientific and technical areas, including non-equilibrium ECSA, nucleation and crystal growth, morphological and structural characterization, nanoparticle synthesis, and microbiology of nanostructured surfaces. A broad range of transferrable skills acquired through the enriching experience of this interdisciplinary project will be very beneficial to Dr. HW’s longer term career plans to become an independent research leader.

Mots clés : evaporation controlled self assembly  ecsa, non equilibrium crystalization, nanostructure self assembly, zno nanorods, surface patterns, coffee rings, antimicrobial coating

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet Alpha-Synuclein (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A prion-like behavior of α-synuclein (AS) protein has been hypothesized in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). According to this hypothesis, pathogenic forms “seeds” of AS propagate from periphery into the neurons of central nervous system (CNS), where they recruit endogenous AS in the first receiving neurons, exit the cell and enter connected neurons. The ongoing AS aggregation and cell-cell propagation is considered to induce oxidative stress, neuronal dysfunction and neuronal loss in CNS. Therefore, blocking the neuronal propagation of AS will prevent AS neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. I propose to develop and validate a novel in vivo model of prion-like AS propagation, in which I will selectively modify the genetic makeup of first receiving neurons, and use this model for mechanistic investigations. I will use a transgenic M83 mouse model overexpressing mutant A53T human AS in which prion-like spreading is initiated by injecting preformed AS aggregates into the hindlimb musculus femoris. These AS aggregates are taken up by sensory and/or motor nerve endings in the muscle, are retrogradely transported through the sciatic nerve into spinal cord, and rostrally into the brainstem and higher brain areas over time. I will refine this model by transducing the sciatic nerve endings with intramuscular delivery of rAAV viral vectors- containing novel CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools targeting genes of interest- to prevent in vivo prion-like AS spreading and/or toxicity. As proof of concept, I will silence AS in the receiving neurons to demonstrate this slows the disease development in the model. Once validated, I will use the model for hypothesis-driven mechanistic investigations of candidate genes, which initially include: 1) ubiquitin specific peptidase 19 (USP19)- since it has been implicated in cellular excretion of misfolded AS in vitro, and 2) eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K)- since it is abnormally activated in postmortem PD brain tissue.

Mots clés : alpha synuclein, prion like, oxidative stress, eef2k, usp19, crispr, cas9

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 200194.8 €
Projet Q-Line (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A quantum computer is a device that exploits the quantum behaviour of its constituents ("qubits") to solve a computational problem. One of the most promising "hardware" options proposed to build such a device are point defects in solids, which hold promise of scalability and integration with current semiconductor technology. However, it remains challenging to position the point defects in a deterministic array and to integrate them into large networks. In order to address these two issues, we propose to use line defects (dislocations) as a “quantum bus” able to both create a deterministic pattern of relevant point defects and to connect them by means of localized phonons. Such idea represents a technological leap and paves the way for a quantum computer implementation that is fully defect-based, from its construction to its functioning. We remark that our proposal opens a completely new area of research, aligned with the quantum technologies flagship policy of the European commission and that will help putting Europe at the forefront of the development of quantum technologies. In order to carry out the project, it is necessary to combine the theoretical study of the stability and geometry of point and line defects with advanced electronic structure calculations of their spectroscopic properties. This is the basic strength of our proposal: it brings together the two complementary research profiles needed to carry the project. On the one hand, Dr Barragan is an expert on the physics of dislocations and their interactions with point defects and, on the other hand, Prof Wirtz is an expert on many-body perturbation theory. In addition, this project will open up a new research line for the Dr Barragan and will give him the opportunity to investigate problems at the interface of condensed matter/quantum technologies, increase his network of collaborations and thus serve as an important step preparing him to become an independent group leader in a European context.

Mots clés : dislocations, quantum computing with defects, qubits, localized phonons, advanced electronic structure calculations

Participants :
- University of Luxembourg (Luxembourg) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 178320.0 €
Projet ERABID (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A step change in the methods of inspection and measurement data, collected through robotic systems, is required to enable the next generation of intelligent systems to penetrate the manufacturing and construction industries. Dr Carmelo Mineo is an expert in state-of-the-art robotic ultrasonic inspection systems and in advanced software and graphical user interfaces. The project will allow a new generation of integrated robotic approaches for inspection of industrial production. As a member of the Department of Industrial and Digital Innovation (DIID), and through collaboration with supervisor Prof Donatella Cerniglia, Dr Mineo seeks to address a technology gap between research and industrial exploitation. His work will facilitate the migration of fundamental research, developed by the University of Palermo, towards higher technology readiness levels. The aim is to automate promising quality assessment techniques, in which DIID has a strong international reputation, using robotic manipulators. Although there are some examples of robotic inspection systems, developed by others, it is necessary to improve sensor integration, data fusion and enable real-time data processing, in order to fulfil the real meaning of autonomy and decision making in manufacturing. The proposed research is aligned with the requirements set by the nascent Industry 4.0. A two-month secondment phase, at a growing company (RECENDT, Austria), will increase the researcher’s cross-sectorial experience. The project includes vibrant opportunities of knowledge transfer and training for the development of the researcher and the hosts as well as clear plans to disseminate the project outcomes to different audiences.

Mots clés : robotic non destructive testing

Participants :
- University of Palermo (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet B2B-sync (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A successful verbal communication demands mutual attentiveness and intelligibility of speech. Nevertheless, to transmit certain meaning, alignment between interlocutors according to their concepts and representations is also necessary. Recently, it has been shown (by the applicant and others) that a successful linguistic interaction is related to interbrain coupling. However, the role played by the inter-brain synchronization of oscillatory activity, for the two persons to understand each other is still not known. We propose a research agenda that aims at discovering the interplay between semantics and brain-to-brain synchronization. We will use coupled participants to analyze the inter-brain synchronization patterns underlying successful and disrupted verbal communication. Specifically, we will study two persons engaged in a seemingly natural linguistic, communicative scenario while simultaneously recording EEG brain activity. Using two different types of transcranial electric stimulation, we will study the contributions of a shared meaning to the inter-brain synchronization. In the proposed research, we will use TMS to disrupt semantic-specific brain regions to determine how experimentally-impaired communication modulates interbrain synchronization. Also, we will use tACS to manipulate neural coupling between participants trying to modulate mutual comprehension. Our study will thus provide important and novel evidence for the underlying interbrain patterns during effective communication and concerning whether interbrain phase coupling and mutual understanding are jointly modulated (linked). Results here would be opening the door to the quantification of linguistic interactions. In turn, they might suggest new methods for enhancing verbal communication in populations with meaning transmission deficits. Also has the potential to enable the implementation of methods and devices with the intended purpose of measurement and intervention over the interbrain coupling.

Mots clés : brain to brain synchronization, interbrain coupling, semantic cognition, neurostimulation, hyperscanning

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet GRAMAS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

A two-way innovative approach of combining Graphene and novel La1-xSrxMn1-yCoyO3 manganite is proposed in this GRAMAS project in order to manufacture highly sensitive sensors, measuring pulsed magnetic field [0.5 – 60 T] independently on its direction (so-called B-scalar sensors). Firstly, the Co3+ cations will be introduced into the Mn3+ sites in order to achieve a novel, nanostructured La1-xSrxMn1-yCoyO3 layers deposited on various substrates by MOCVD technique. Secondly, the single/few-layers of Graphene will be transferred on the top of Co-doped manganite layers, since Graphene has a superior mobility of charge carriers which also increases the Magnetoresistance. In addition, Graphene layer will allow indication of magnetic field direction respectively to manganite B-scalar sensors‘s plane. Moreover, the combination of manganite/Graphene is expected to open new potentials for the discovery of superior magnetotransport properties even at room temperatures and increased sensitivity to magnetic field. A full spectrum of investigations, including determination of composition and the crystallinity of the films, electrical and magnetotransport properties dependence on the chosen substrate, growth conditions, number of Graphene layers will be performed in order to achieve the highest magnetoresistance at room temperature for the development of highly sensitive B-scalar magnetic field sensors.

Mots clés : mocvd growth, nanostructured films, doped lanthanum manganites, graphene, magnetoresistance, high magnetic fields, magnetic field sensors

Participants :
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (Lituanie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 142779.6 €
Projet AGATHOCLES (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

A.G.A.T.H.O.C.L.E.S. is an innovative approach that allow us to switch our perspective from an ‘archaeology of production’ towards an A.(rchaeology) of G.(esture): A.(pprenticeship), T.(ools), H.(ands), O.(rganization), C.(ollaborations), L.(earning) E.(xperience) and S.(ocial Network Analysis). The project aims to explore training models and collaboration networks in one of the most dynamic industries of the ancient Classical World: the pottery productive tradition. For this purpose, For this purpose, the ceramic industry is the most common reality in the ancient world to address issues of knowledge transfer, gender division and mobility. Nowadays, the study on craftsmen’s mobility needs to shift towards the analysis of hidden ancient gestures and technological procedures. Numerous technological aspects related to the ancient artisanal ‘hands’ and tools, usually invisible to the naked eye, can now become visible thanks to advances in archaeometry, computational-imaging and other innovative toolkit this project intends to adopt through an highly-interdisciplinary approach, which also include forensic and experimental archaeology). Digital humanities is also involved. In particular, Social Network Analysis can deeply innovate the methodologies used to identify workshops and provide new procedures to define groups, relationships, dependencies, and elements that can explain the organization of a complex productive network such as that of ceramic industry. Moving across from microscopic analyses to macroscopic data-processing (related to the ancient dynamics of apprenticeship), the project specifically focuses on the case-study of red-figure workshops in Southern Italy and Sicily (5th-4th century BCE). These ateliers are ideal to investigate learning experience and collaboration by focusing on five key aspects: a) collaborative patterns within the workshop; b) collaborative patterns with other workshops; c) age and gender differentiation of workforce; d) workers’ mobility; and e) capacity of cultural adaptation.

Mots clés : greek red figure pottery, classical world, ancient technological procedures, intangible culturale heritage, hidden gestures

Participants :
- University of Turin (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269002.56 €
- Arizona's Public Universities (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet ADAM5 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

ADAM5 aims to advance the development of the composite of three concepts: Massive MIMO, post-OFDM Multicarrier Waveforms (MWF) and full-duplex (FD), a new and most promising direction in 5G & beyond. ADAM5 will substantially contribute to the development of practical solutions to enable highly spectral-efficient, very low-cost and highly energy-efficient 5G systems. ADAM5 target is to propose new digital signal processing based solutions coping with the expected 5G requirements, with a particular focus on mitigating RF impairments and reducing energy consumption of wireless devices, through a set of new algorithms and advanced techniques. The goals of the ADAM5 are to: 1) Analyze the effect of the most essential RF impairments on the quality of future wireless communications exploiting 5G MWFs based Massive MIMO with FD capability in terms of capacity, BER and PSD. 2) Develop reliable digital signal processing based solutions to mitigate RF impairments on both the transmitter and receiver sides of 5G communication systems. This will enable extensive use of low-cost and low-power components (e.g. mMTC devices in IoT), reduced latency, flexibility to accommodate various services, simplification of the multiple access, and robustness to interference. 3) Drastically reduce the emitted RF power so that the total energy consumption of a mobile network is lowered when implemented with simple, low-power hardware. Joint optimization for MWF design and Massive MIMO precoding technique will be studied. 4) Introduce new efficient joint approach for PAPR reduction and PA linearization adapted to the more pertinent 5G MWF based Massive MIMO with FD capability. Trade-off between efficiency and linearity will be theoretically analyzed. 5) Build a laboratory measurement and prototyping system that will be used for analysis verifications and algorithm performance assessments using true-world radio signal measurements.

Mots clés : massive mimo, post ofdm multicarrier waveforms  mwf, full duplex  fd, rf impairments, energy efficiency  ee

Participants :
- Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €