Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet FUTUREROADS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The Future Roads Fellowships Programme (FUTUREROADS) is hosted by the University of Cambridge and co-funded by partners Costain Group Plc and Highways England Company Ltd. It offers 27 x 36-month fellowships over 3 recruitment rounds focused primary in digital twins, smart materials, data science, automation and robotics, and sustainability solutions for the road infrastructure industry. The programme allows applicants to have the freedom to develop their own ideas with access to excellent facilities. FUTUREROADS will enhance fellows’ understanding of the methodologies and approaches of other scientific disciplines at the highest level. The aim is also to establish a multidisciplinary training platform to strengthen researchers’ capabilities such that they are capable to work anywhere in Europe and, therefore, attract researchers from around the globe to Europe and contributing to the European goals of increasing the numbers of researchers with innovation skills in Europe. The programme supports incoming fellowships for postdoctoral researchers on a competitive basis. It aims at high-potential individuals primarily interested in following a career in the transportation infrastructure sector or academia. Awardees will be offered an employment contract with a standard postdoctoral salary and will be entitled to an individual mobility and research budgets. Fellows are offered career development support and training events to develop their non-scientific skills. They are expected to take part in teaching activities at Cambridge and are encouraged to apply for additional competitive funding. The programme is open for all applicants who meet the MSCA mobility rules for fellows.

Mots clés : digital, roads, design, construction, asset management, fellowships, cambridge, digital twins, data science, smart, materials, automation, sustainability

Participants :
- University of Cambridge (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 2979180.0 €
Projet GolgiBiosSys (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Golgi apparatus is a system of organised membrane structures that performs pivotal cell functions: biosynthesis and secretion of polysaccharides, protein and lipid glycosylation. The relevance of this organelle is measured by the amount of biomaterial produced by its activity. The highly abundant polysaccharides account for at least a third of all renewable organic carbon on Earth and are of great importance to the biosphere and to humanity, providing food, fibre and fuel. The functionality of the Golgi is thought to be governed by molecular organisational features, as the precise arrangement of its membrane proteins. Each of the numerous biosynthetic pathways performed in the Golgi requires the cooperative and orchestrated action and interaction of several different enzymes and auxiliary proteins. Currently very little is known about the composition and sub-Golgi localisation of such multiprotein systems. Firstly, a comprehensive insight into the interaction map of the Golgi proteome is needed. I propose to develop and apply a technique that will allow high-throughput assignment of membrane protein interactions, and identify stoichiometries. An experimental design is presented based on separation of membrane protein complexes in conjunction with state of the art quantitative proteomic approaches. Secondly, the results will be validated on selected multiprotein systems by immunoprecipitation and functional biochemical studies on knockout lines. Thirdly, the data will be used to model the interactions by protein-protein docking. The accomplishment of this project will provide new insights into the organisation and activity of the biosynthetic systems. Such insight is of great value to the production of specific polysaccharides, tailored to yield less recalcitrant material for the bioenergy and carbohydrate industries. Through this work I aim to deepen my academic expertise, gain technical and leadership skills and to establish myself as an independent researcher.

Mots clés : golgi apparatus, polysaccharide biosynthesis, bioenergy

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187419.6 €
Projet HANK-w-HOUSING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Great Recession has brought to light the importance of housing and household debt for the propagation of shocks in the macroeconomy. For a majority of households, owner-occupied housing represents the single most important asset in the household portfolio and is tied to the single largest liability—the mortgage. The broad objective of this project is to investigate the rich role that housing and nominal mortgage borrowing jointly play in the transmission of monetary policy. First, monetary policy induced-movements in house prices translate into consumption changes because of wealth effects. Second, a contractionary monetary shock raises the cost of borrowing which reduces the demand and as a result the liquidity of the housing market, further depressing house prices and further increases the cost of borrowing. Furthermore, nominal long-term mortgage debt implies that changes in monetary policy result in redistribution between lenders and borrowers and generate cash-flow effects that are larger for borrowing constrained households. In order to quantify these various mechanisms, we build a heterogenous agent New Keynesian (HANK) model with a frictional housing market and nominal mortgage debt. The model will be able to match the rich empirical heterogeneity in home ownership, leverage and marginal propensity to consume (MPC) across households. In particular, we aim to match the significant difference in MPC between highly leveraged households and less-leveraged ones that we document in the data. We will then use the model to answer the following questions: Is there any asymmetry between contractionary and expansionary monetary policy responses? Does effectiveness of the policy depend on the distribution of mortgage debt? How to manage a liquidity trap induced by a housing bust?

Mots clés : housing, mortgages, monetary policy, heterogeneous agents, foreclosure, consumption, new keynesian

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 87836.64 €
Projet GSAORI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Guide Stars Adaptive Optics for Retinal Imaging (GSAORI) project aims at developing new imaging techniques in the field of ophthalmology. As the eye presents time-variable aberrations, an Adaptive Optics (AO) loop greatly enhances quality and resolution of retinal imaging, enabling the examination of structures such as cone and rod photoreceptors and leukocytes in vivo in a non invasive way and at a microscopic scale. Although AO has enabled outstanding progresses in ophthalmology, it has its limitation. The pupil motion and tear film thickness changes during the examination can limit the performance of the AO system. Also, the distortions of the retinal structure influence the wave-front analysis. Finally motion artefacts can have a strong impact on the correction capacity of the AO system. Therefore satisfactory image quality can only be achieved in carefully selected patients, which currently prevents a widespread use of this technology. The overall objective of the project is to overcome these limitations by developing systems that are more robust to retinal distortions and local media opacities. This will enable acceptable image quality in the majority of patients. The emergence of versatile AO systems would be a significant milestone towards making this technique a routine for eye examination. To achieve this goal, we propose to use guide stars that are spread over different locations of the retina to minimize the influence of eye’s defects on the wave-front measurements. This technique is directly inspired from astronomical telescopes where several laser guide stars are used as references to provide efficient wave-front correction on a large field of view. Following the conception of a system with guide stars, new algorithms for wave-front sensing and control will be developed, providing a fully functional innovative AO system. To fulfil its objectives, the research project will be based on extensive system modelling, and on in-vivo eyes’ measurements.

Mots clés : adaptive optics, optical coherence tomography, retina

Participants :
- Medical University of Vienna (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166156.8 €
Projet WINDASH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The H2020 "Digital Agenda for Europe” Flagship Initiative has the goal of providing all EU citizens with Internet speeds above 30Mbps and above 50% households above 100Mbps. Delivering such speeds and reaching so many households will require the creation of a new generation of wireless access networks. This action will study Wireless with Increased Network Density, Antennas, Spectrum and Heterogeneity (W.I.N.D.A.S.H.). Wireless communications increasing these resources received little attention in the past due to technical difficulty. However, traditional wireless systems with not-so-large bandwidth, antenna arrays and density are operating close to the capacity limit and research must move on to higher frequency bands, antenna architectures with massive numbers of elements, and increased device density, in order to deliver new significant increments in capacity. Such ambitious redesign of classic wireless systems will require simultaneous innovation in multiple fields, including the signals in the physical layer and the wireless network architectures and behaviors. This project follows a cross-layer interdisciplinary approach with collaboration between two excellent research groups that contribute complementary expertise: The Wireless System Group at Stanford University (communications), and the SIGNET group at University of Padova (networks). The main research objectives of this action are 1. To study the fundamental properties of the relation between a wireless network capacity, its architecture and increased bandwidth, antenna dimensions and density. 2. To bridge the gap between the physical and network layers on this research field. 3. To design wireless network architectures that maximize the potential benefit of increased resources. 4. To develop optimal resource allocation schemes that maximize network performance in these architectures. 4. To create simulation and demonstration tools that verify the results and ease transfer of solutions to industry.

Mots clés : wideband, mmwave, massive mimo, multi hop networks, scheduling

Participants :
- University of Padua (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 244269.0 €
- Stanford University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MotivicCircleMethod (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The Hardy-Littlewood circle method is a well-known technique coming from analytic number theory, which has been very successful, throughout the last century, in solving many major number-theoretic problems, among which the ternary Goldbach conjecture. In recent years, it has proven even more versatile, finding several applications beyond number theory, for example in quantum computing and algebraic geometry. The aim of this proposal is to adapt the circle method to the so-called motivic setting and apply it to a range of geometric problems. The possibility of a motivic circle method has been raised as an open question by several renowned researchers, as an increasing number of mathematicians are becoming interested in motivic methods because of their numerous applications to other areas of mathematics. The goal is to create a clear and convenient setup for the motivic circle method accessible to mathematicians less used to the motivic setting, highlighting the analogies with the usual circle method. The proposed applications concern spaces of rational curves on hypersurfaces. Describing such spaces is of interest in theoretical physics and is a very active field of study in mathematics, as understanding their structure can shed light on several major open questions in algebraic geometry and number theory. The candidate plans to carry out a thorough investigation of the geometry of such spaces using the motivic circle method, greatly generalising previous results. This will initiate a systematic approach to the study of spaces of rational curves in the motivic framework, and will in particular extend previous work by the proposed supervisor Prof. Tim Browning and his coauthors. The choice of supervisor and host institution is a natural one: while the proposed supervisor Prof. Tim Browning is a leading expert of the circle method, the candidate is very experienced with the motivic setting, and both have previously worked with spaces of rational curves.

Mots clés : circle method, spaces of rational curves, grothendieck ring of varieties, motivic integration, cubic fourfolds, k3 surfaces

Participants :
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 186167.04 €
Projet HoMe (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The HoMe (Historical Grounding of Migration Decisions of People at Environmental Risks) project will provide insights on historical reasons of migration decisions (to migrate or to not migrate) of people at environmental risks. Current research on environmental migration claims that mostly the poor are migrating due to disaster. However, motivations of environmental non-migration go beyond resources constraints and are understudied and not yet understood as migration decisions. The factors contributing to non-migration are supposed to be not simply the inverse of those that motivate to migrate. Rather it is assumed, non-migration is also influenced by the settlement history of a community. Going beyond the state-of-the-art, this project will develop for the first time an analytical framework using Ostrom’s socio-ecological system framework for examining the historical grounding of migration decisions. Second, it will model how changes of the social, political and environmental conditions over time influence migration decisions using agent-based modelling. Third, the model will be used to explore possible future migration decisions based on alternative scenarios of changing societal and environmental conditions in the future making use of the findings from the influence of the historical grounding. This novel and timely study will significantly advance scientific knowledge on environmental migration and the respective modelling capabilities, particularly in the emerging field of 'Environmental Non-Migration'. Results will provide a major contribution to global adaptation policy frameworks, including the SDGs and the EU’s Agenda on Migration. The realisation of this cutting-edge project will substantially support the applicant to achieve higher level of professional maturity. It will be hosted by two excellent, highly experienced and internationally renowned institutes: University of Colorado Boulder (outbound) and Technische Universität Dresden (inbound).

Mots clés : environmental  non  migration, historical grounding, migration decisions, environmental risk

Participants :
- University of Colorado System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- TU Dresden (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 264669.12 €
Projet Moments (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last few years the non-commutative moment inequalities have received a considerable attention in matrix analysis and operator theory. This phenomenon originates on the one hand in studies on the extreme properties of the standard deviation in quantum information theory, and on the other hand, in the recent concept and developments of quantum metric spaces. This research project will investigate trace inequalities in matrix algebras. Particular attention will be paid on moment inequalities for matrices with a special emphasis on their counterparts in operator algebras. It will focus on determining the best upper and lower bounds for higher order central moments in matrix algebras. This will be followed by a study of the relatively new concept of Leibniz seminorms in Banach algebras. The project will pursue a research on the strong Leibniz property of central moments in non-commutative probability spaces as well as in the classical ones in order to solve the recent question whether every centered moment has the strong Leibniz property or not.

Mots clés : central moments, higher order moments, standard deviation, leibniz property, probability, non commutative probability, density, matrices, trace, entropy, c  algebra

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet DANCING (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the last few years, our understanding of algebraic geometry has undergone a radical reinterpretation as many classical problems are being solved using derived categories. These are a tool to translate geometric input into algebraic notions, retaining much of the initial information but at the same time allowing extra flexibility to work in an algebraic setting. The purpose of the proposal is to gain a deeper understanding of the behavior of derived categories and contribute to the unity of the subject, connecting several of its subfields in a clear, transparent way. In turn, we will exploit the power of derived categories and apply them to more classical fields to gain insight that would be impossible with traditional methods: applications will include classical algebraic geometry via singularity theory, but also symplectic geometry via Homological Mirror Symmetry. Project DANCING will use a wide array of tools including algebraic geometry, noncommutative algebra, representation theory, DG and A-infinity methods. This innovative, multifaceted approach will allow us on one hand to understand better the abstract underpinnings of derived categories and their relation to other homological constructions, and on the other hand to use cutting-edge new techniques like stability conditions and a derived-categorical duality to have a concrete impact on our general knowledge of geometry. Project DANCING will take advantage of the world-class research group at the School of Mathematics of the University of Edinburgh, and the complementary skill set of the applicant, to create high impact research. Knowledge transfer forms a central part of DANCING and will be bi-directional. The applicant will further take advantage of training events and teaching opportunities. By the end of DANCING, it is expected that she will have gained a position of international prominence and will have a concrete track record of setting her own research agenda.

Mots clés : derived categories, fourier mukai, stability conditions, quotient singularities, homological projective duality

Participants :
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet CF-CO2R (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the light of rising levels of atmospheric CO2 and associated climate change, the development of advanced techniques for CO2 conversion is of foremost importance. Particularly, many efforts have been made recently to synthesize efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction to carbon fuels using renewable electricity. Nevertheless, to meet the requirement of industrial implementation, even the best performance of these recently developed electrocatalysts must be increased by one order of magnitude. Currently, energy efficiency of CO2 electroreduction is limited by energy-loss in catholyte and transport of CO2 to the cathode surface. The importance of transport limitations will grow as currents approach the higher levels required for industry. The vision for this work is the design of an efficient catholyte-free electrode structure and reactor, in combination with state-of-the-art photovoltaic, that can provide for the industry-ready artificial photosynthesis of carbon fuels. To achieve this goal, we will be dedicated to develop a membrane electrode assembly cell with the design of a catholyte-free flow-through-porous electrode which will allow the incorporation of newly types of nanostructured electrocatalysts and efficient CO2 transfer and conversion into specific carbon fuels such as ethylene or ethanol. Particularly, the proposed research aims include: (i) Development of efficient electrocatalysts that allow the formation of ideal products (ethylene/ethanol); (ii) Enhancement of electrocatalytic activity and stability via system engineering; (iii) Understanding the fundamentals of CO2 electroreduction and cell mechanics to accelerate the development of catholyte-free flow-through-porous electrode for the design of a scalable, high-performance CO2 electroconversion cell through both experiments and theoretical modeling; (iv) Achieving the scalable solar fuels production with CO2 reduction and photovoltaic in tandem.

Mots clés : co2 electroreduction, solar fuels, flow cell, mass transport, catholyte free

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191149.44 €