Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet FIB-AGE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Vascular ageing is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, but effective treatment for fibrotic effects of vascular ageing is lacking. Recent studies show that fibroblasts exhibit physiological and pathological functions beyond their central role in fibrosis. Supporting this view of the field, the host lab recently showed great intra-vascular fibroblast plasticity in atherosclerotic and ageing murine arteries. We hypothesize that vascular dysfunction and fibrosis with ageing originate from altered fibroblast plasticity and function. As part of my career restart, I will join an excellent laboratory, globally recognized for its expertise in advanced vascular biology research, embedded in a modern research institute, equipped with outstanding training facilities. I will combine my acquired scientific, technical and management skills with the infrastructure and expertise of the host lab to comprehensively study ageing-related fibroblast plasticity and to reveal the function of distinct fibroblast subsets in vascular function and ageing. I will combine the hosts cutting-edge high throughput techniques, including single cell sequencing and a newly established fibroblast functionality screening platform (FIBROSCREEN), with my expertise in vascular contractility assessment. I will study fibroblast function and plasticity in vivo, in vitro and in interventional studies ex vivo, in so far unimaginable detail. By sophisticated integration of this obtained data, I will identify key fibroblast players promoting vascular ageing and dysfunction. With this strategy, I will be the first to reveal subsets of fibroblasts in vascular ageing, to couple their function to vascular ageing progression and to suggest first interventional targets for future exploitation. Together with career guidance by the host, concomitant training opportunities, and a clear plan for dissemination this will ensure my integration into European academia as an independent researcher.

Mots clés : fibroblasts, vascular ageing, fibrosis, plasticity

Participants :
- Maastricht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet FLAVIC DYNAMICS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Vector-borne diseases are major worldwide threats. Specifically, mosquito-borne diseases from the flavivirus genus such as West Nile and dengue viruses are raising major concerns on human health. There are few or no treatment/vaccine strategies to fight these viruses and the relatively poor knowledge of their life cycle (entry and egress) contributes to the deficit in treatment possibilities. A deeper knowledge of the virus cycle is required to unlock the development of antivirals. Understanding the dynamics of the viral proteins and their interactions in vivo strongly relies on quantitative and high resolution imaging methods. These methodologies in turn require specific protein-labeling strategies, which are presently quite limited for flavivirus. Significant advances in understanding flavivirus biology can be expected if such labeling tools were available. The major goal of this project is to understand the delivery of the flavivirus genome to its translation site at the cytoplasmic side of the ER membrane; the cellular components and machineries that intervene and the role and paths of the Capsid protein during this process. Super-resolution PALM/STORM techniques will be used and superposed to cryo-EM data and the yellow fever virus attenuated 17D strain will be used as model flavivirus for the main project milestones. We will devise and optimize new labeling strategies for capsid protein and use them to track the virus in vivo and follow the path of the capsid protein after release from the virus during cell entry. The project, thus aims to provide a labeling tool that will boost flavivirus research and to advance our knowledge of flaviviruses’ life cycle.

Mots clés : flavivirus, capsid protein, protein labeling, super resolution microscopy, single particle palm, cryo em, correlative microscopy, cytoskeleton, viral infection, viral  dis assembly

Participants :
- Institut Pasteur (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet IRWIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Vector-borne diseases represent one of the greatest public health challenges. Their incidence and their geographical range have dramatically increased over the past several decades. Due to the lack of protective vaccines, the control of transmission by targeting the mosquito vectors is the only affordable measure. However, mosquito vectors experience a very intense selective pressure from insecticides, which has led ultimately to the selection of insecticide resistance in many vector species. Alternative control strategies that are species-specific and environmentally friendly are being developed. Among them, the use of the symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia as sterilizing agent of mosquito populations through the incompatible insect technique (IIT) appears promising. Furthermore, it was shown that insecticides as well as Wolbachia can affect the infection of mosquitoes by pathogens, and thus their transmission. An important question is how mosquitoes' adaptations to insecticides and to Wolbachia influence the vector competence for pathogens? This proposal addresses this question in the context of the emergence of Chikungunya worldwide in order to sustainably control its transmission with current and prospective vector control tools. It addresses in particular the question whether there are any interactions between insecticide resistance and symbiotic Wolbachia infection that might significantly affect the vector competence of Aedes albopictus for Chikungunya virus. Characterizing the genes likely involved in vector competence and how they can be modulated to alter this trait will provide valuable data for management of transmission control strategies. It will allow a more rational use of insecticides, as well as the development of alternative control methods based on Wolbachia; both approaches are crucial in the context of widespread insecticide resistance.

Mots clés : chikungunya, tiger mosquito, insecticide resistance, wolbachia, infection, transmission

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet VegWaMus CirCrop (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

VegWaMus CirCrop aim to develop commercial mushroom and vegetable production in an integrated food to waste to food biosystem. The project objective is on closing loop between biogas production based on food wastes and reuse of output after anaerobic digestion (AD). Mushroom and plant crop cultivation is usually performed through energy- and resource-intensive process (based on fossil or mineral resources), which generate wastes and the high CO2 footprint. Main emphasis has been on plant crops, but integrated mushroom cultivation has been found to be highly interesting from botCircular approach in which organic wastes are utilized for both energy (renewable biogas) and crop production in a closed system. Foodwaste treated in anaerobic digestion (AD) can be considered as a multicomponent organic fertiliser and byproduct for plant and mushroom cultivation substrate. Sustainable horticulture should reuse organic waste. The objectives of project will be achieved by indicating mushroom species which will be grown commercially on substrate based on digestate and vegetable plant grown rousing spent mushroom substrate (after cultivation). Combined cultivation will be incorporated in sustainable greenhouse environment in food to waste to food biosystem based on crop and substrate circulation. Lindum and associated partners have for several years developed more circular approach in which organic wastes are utilized for both energy(renewable biogas) and crops production in a closed system. Launched in 2016, Grønt Skifte AS, will realize a large R&D greenhouse unit located next to a new large anaerobic digestion (AD) plant. The unit will investigate and demonstrate full utilization of output CO2, heat and organic residue (digestate) from the AD. The large international interest towards the activities of Grønt Skifte is related to project’s potential for helping governments and communities meeting the Paris Agreement. This is the circular and future way of food production.

Mots clés : digesate, circular cultivation, combined crop production, biogas, speciality mushroom, vertcial cultivation

Participants :
- Lindum as (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 196400.4 €
Projet GoldOpera (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Venetian playwright Carlo Goldoni (1707-1793), famous for his ‘reform’ of comic theatre, was also a prolific librettist. Research has focused largely on Goldoni’s early texts for music, while the libretti written during his mature years have remained overshadowed by his most famous comedies. With growing attention to interdisciplinary studies, the time is now ripe for these later texts for music and the operas drawn from them to be brought to light, because, most importantly, precisely through these libretti Goldoni became a pioneer in the creation of the 'dramma giocoso,' a new genre of opera that would span a long legacy throughout Europe, all the way to the works of W.A. Mozart and Lorenzo Da Ponte. The goal of this project is the recovery and analysis of operatic renditions created from the innovative drammi giocosi by Goldoni, today nearly forgotten, to finally supply a comprehensive picture of the interaction between text, music, and theatre that fueled the radical evolution of Classical opera in the later 18th century. The study of these selected works will also yield a more detailed map of the artistic collaborations and diffusion of this new genre on an international scale. On a broader horizon, this project ultimately aims to create the basis for the restoration, publication, and performance of historical opera scores that have vanished from the traditional repertoire. These operas will become a source of new discoveries in both literary and musical fields, and their restoration through performance with the involvement of young musicians and scholars in conservatories and universities will not only render just merit to Goldoni for his innovations in opera theatre, but most importantly will bring to a larger public new knowledge of a form of art that had a global impact, and therefore a deeper understanding of our shared cultural heritage.

Mots clés : multidisciplinary, comparative studies, history of theatre and opera, relationship of music and text

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet SOIROpenVenus (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Venus, our closest neighbour after the Moon, is an important planet to study: although it is very similar in size and Sun-distance when compared to the Earth, both planets evolved in very different manners. For this reason, studying the structure, dynamics, composition and chemistry of the Venus atmosphere is an major aspect of planetary science, as it helps to understand more about our Solar System in general. Indeed, many Venus atmosphere related questions remain unanswered, and this projects aims to address important open key questions. This project proposes a study of the Venus mesosphere and thermosphere at the terminator region, using solar occultation transmittance spectra that were measured by the SOIR instrument on board the ESA Venus Express spacecraft (2006-2014). The objectives of the proposed research project are (i) to characterize the two main Venus chemistry cycles, i.e. the sulfur and the carbon oxide cycles, and the deuterium/hydrogen ratio, and (ii) to study the wave dynamics, while (iii) making the results available to the community based on an open-science approach. Even though many species and temperature vertical profiles were retrieved during the mission timeframe using the SOIR spectra (CO2, CO, H2O, HDO, HCl, HF, SO2), some species absorbing in the SOIR wavenumber range were not studied (OCS, H2S, DCl, DF, NH3, HBr and HI); no cross-correlations between these species, which are involved in the different Venus chemical cycles, were examined. Furthermore, the observed short-term extreme variability in terms of species relative abundances and thermal structure was never characterized. We propose here (1) to complete the SOIR profiles molecular database, (2) to study the dependence between the species that contribute to the same chemical cycles and to characterize the variability, (3) to release the data products using existing open-base solutions and to disseminate the results through outreach activities.

Mots clés : venus, retrieval, atmosphere composition, atmopshere dynamics, open science

Participants :
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet Pharynx2016 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Vertebrates, which include our own species, are the most diverse and successful group of Deuterostomes. Success of this group has been explained by the evolution of elaborated head skeleton adapted to capturing and processing large prey. Most of this skeleton derives from neural crest cells migrating into the pharynx during and after the formation of pharyngeal pouches. To better understand how development of these structures evolved, the research project will study representatives of three basal fish lineages that occupy key positions in jawed-vertebrate phylogeny. It will employ methods of genomics, gene expression, and gene manipulation including CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to test a mechanistic model of pouch formation and its relationships to pre-oral endoderm development. The proposal builds upon the Fellow’s research of jawed and jawless vertebrates and bridges a gap in our knowledge of the pharyngeal evolution between the jawed and jawless vertebrates and at the same time between vertebrates and their chordate and deuterostome ancestors. Two-way knowledge transfer is a crucial feature of this project: the Fellow will take advantage of the proficiency of the Supervisor and the Department in embryology, morphology, manipulation, and husbandry of the rare basal fishes and in the genomics and transcriptomics, while at the same time he will transfer his expertise in genetic regulation of development and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in non-model organisms to the Supervisor and Host Institution.

Mots clés : evolution, development, evo devo, vertebrates, pharynx

Participants :
- Charles University (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 154720.8 €
Projet ConeOpsinsToPercept (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Vision operates across a billion-fold range of light intensities from a moonless night to a sunny beach. One mechanism contributing to this outstanding performance is the division of labor between two types of light-sensitive receptor cells, rods and cones. In dim light, vision is mediated by slow but highly sensitive rods. In brighter light, cones mediate vision with fast signal kinetics but lower sensitivity. It has been hypothesized that this division of labor corresponds to a fundamental tradeoff between sensitivity and speed common to any (man-made or biological) sensory system. However, the precise nature of this trade-off has remained unresolved, partly because changes in light levels involve fundamental changes in the neural circuits that read out and process rod and cone signals. This research plan proposes to resolve the trade-off between sensitivity and speed end-to-end from photoreceptor signal kinetics to retinal output and to visually-guided behavior with the resolution of single amino acid mutations. To address this ambitious goal, I will contribute my expertise in cone physiology and a battery of genetically modified mice in which single amino acid mutagenesis speeds-up or slows-down cone responses. The Ala-Laurila laboratory will provide the expertise and infrastructure required to causally link opsin biophysics to photoreceptor signaling, photoreceptor signaling to neural processing by the retina, and neural processing to mouse behavior and human perception. This combination of technologies and expertise is unique. As the grandson of Holocaust survivors, this proposal will enable my dream of returning to Europe to take on my first academic faculty job. Professionally, it will empower me to bridge the skills acquired during my Ph.D. to an integrative approach in neuroscience, and will allow me to form my own niche in the international scientific community.

Mots clés : retina, physiology, photoreceptors, neural circuits, neural computations, opsins, vision

Participants :
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 190680.96 €
Projet MoVEMENT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Volatiles cycle plays a critical role in the humanity’s existence by defining the habitability conditions prevailing at the Earth’s surface. Mantle is a major actor of this cycle by hosting considerable proportions of carbon, and also hydrogen. Understanding the exchanges and fluxes of carbon (and water) between the upper mantle and exosphere remains a primary goal in the Earth sciences community, but critically prevented by the lack of fundamental constrains on the mobility and migration rates of volatile-bearing melts (i.e., CO2-H2O-bearing melts) that are important conveyors for the distribution of volatiles. Therefore, the aim of the MoVEMENT project is to combine fundamental constraints on the physical properties (density and viscosity) of volatile-bearing melts with complex modelling to gain a quantitative understanding of the deep volatile cycles and related geophysical processes inside the planet. The applicant will achieve these scientific breakthroughs by combining two novel approaches: first, he will capitalize on new experimental methods at synchrotron sources to acquire missing data on the density and viscosity of carbon-bearing melts at high pressure; second, he will integrate the novel data into rigorous and continuous computer models for the density and viscosity of volatile-bearing melts. The new models will allow predictions of the mobility of volatile-bearing melts in a range of pressure, temperature (20 GPa – 2500 °C ) and compositions, i.e. from carbonatites (CO2-rich melts) to basalts (SiO2-rich melts), that span the conditions for melts stabilized in the upper mantle. Specifically, the results will be applied to quantify volatile-mediated processes in the upper mantle, including the migration/ascent/emplacement of melts through the mantle, ultimately leading to a new understanding of volatile mobility and recycling in the deep Earth.

Mots clés : volatiles  co2, h2o  cycle, earth s mantle, mobility of volatile bearing melts, physical properties  density, viscocity, thermodynamics modeling, experimental petrology

Participants :
- University of Münster (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet ElectricVolcano (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Volcanic eruptions affect the Earth’s climate by altering radiation balance through the injection of aerosols in the stratosphere. Conventional knowledge assumes that volcanic influences on climate are mediated by sulfate aerosols only. Recent space-based measurements, however, have challenged this assumption by providing definite evidence that the stratospheric aerosol layer is actually a mixture of sulfates and ash for many months after the eruption. This project aims to understand the unknown processes responsible for the prolonged residence time of the volcanic ash in the stratosphere and to assess its climatic impact. Our main hypothesis is that electric charges of the volcanic plume are responsible for keeping volcanic ash aloft. Charge separation in the volcanic plume induces a local electric field and a force that counteracts the ash particle weight, thus reducing its settling velocity and prolonging its lifetime. ElectricVolcano will combine state-of-art remote sensing techniques, detailed aerosol charging theories and comprehensive atmospheric modelling to provide for the first time a thorough assessment of the impact of electrification on the life cycle of volcanic ash in the stratosphere. Through cutting edge inter-interdisciplinary research, the project produces a step change in the way volcanic eruptions are treated by modelling centers and inter-comparison studies, with the potential to significantly reduce uncertainties in natural forcing and near-term predictions. Carefully-designed research and training activities, combined with the world-class excellence on aerosol-electrification research of the Host Institute, guarantee the success of the proposed project. ElectricVolcano provides new knowledge, tools and resources to the Experienced Researcher for expanding significantly his research horizon and boosting his professional independence.

Mots clés : volcanic ash, atmospheric electrification, triboelectrification, climate modelling, remote sensing

Participants :
- National Observatory of Athens (Grèce) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 165085.44 €