Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet GlobalMed (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the early 1700s, France overcame English and Dutch competition to become the Ottoman Empire’s main European trading partner. To date, historians have focussed on Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIV’s (in)famous minister, and his influence on the crucial Franco-Ottoman trade in woollen cloth. Yet they have neglected the boom in this trade after Colbert’s death in 1683, overseen by Jean-Baptiste de Lagny, the director general of commerce from 1686 to 1700.  By treating the Mediterranean as a laboratory of globalisation, GlobalMed asks why this trade flourished. Moreover, it explores the trade’s significance in influencing the state’s global commercial policy, analysing how France’s Levantine success shaped its engagement with (non-)colonial markets overseas. In this way, the project will challenge current orthodoxies on the rise of the Atlantic world by reconsidering the early modern state’s role as a motor of globalisation and industrial development.

Mots clés : french history, ottoman history, mediterranean history, chartered companies, cloth, industry, economic development, state intervention, networks, agency

Participants :
- Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet DeCaETI (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Plant diseases have been causing global issues to agriculture, economy, and humanity. Understanding how plant disease resistance works is vital to finding durable and sustainable solutions to protect our crops. One key molecular hallmark of plant immune activation is mediated by calcium signalling, which is a commonly shared and well-known second messenger in all cellular organisms. However, it has been overlooked how calcium signalling is activated by plant intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs), which are often one of the main genetic resources of plant breeding for disease resistance. In addition, upon activation, it is not known how the immune receptors activate a large scale of defence genes via calcium signalling. To answer these questions, I will be addressing three objectives: 1) Decoding compartmentalized calcium dynamics activated by intracellular immune receptors (NLRs); 2) Characterizing the role of helper NLRs in producing calcium signatures and transcriptional reprogramming; 3) Identifying calmodulins (calcium-binding proteins) that interact with key transcription factors to decode the calcium signature during effector-triggered immunity mediated by NLRs. I will use an interdisciplinary approach combining cell biology, genetics, and multi-omics. The outcome of this study will expand our understanding of plant immunity and provide novel insights for crop breeding specifically tailored to counter hazardous pathogens. I aim to 1) broaden my expertise in plant signalling research; 2) expand my toolbox of cellular biology and genetics; 3) develop the leadership skills required for managing a research group. Furthermore, I will strengthen my scientific track record and network. This DeCaETI project will be performed at the Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University. Implementation of the project will support me to run this project successfully and advance my career to become an independent future leader.

Mots clés : calcium, calcium signalling, plant immune receptor, transcription factor, defence genes, arabidopsis thaliana, plant disease resistance

Participants :
- Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet ORCHID (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The recent progress in astrochemical studies of the molecular makeup of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) has revolutionized our understanding of the early phases of star and planet formation. A significant gap, however, still exists and that involves the role of molecular hydrogen (H2)—the most abundant molecule in the universe—in interstellar ice chemistry. ORCHID aims to fill this gap by investigating the impact of H2 on the formation and evolution of complex organic molecules (iCOMs) in the ISM. Given the lack of existing literature detailing solid-state reaction pathways incorporating H2, ORCHID hypothesizes that H2 reactions with carbon atoms is instrumental in unexplored chemical pathways for iCOMs formation. To achieve its objectives, ORCHID uses state-of-the-art experimental setups to produce quantitative data that aligns with the latest observations of interstellar ices from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and gas-phase observations from radio-telescopes like the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Specifically, the project: (1) explores iCOMs formation through previously overlooked pathways involving H2, completing and extending reaction networks in the ISM; (2) generates accurate parameters for astrochemical models, facilitating simulations that match observations of star- and planet-forming regions; (3) investigates the conditions under which iCOMs are released into the gas phase, especially at temperatures where thermal desorption is not feasible in the ISM. The insights and data generated by ORCHID will serve as a robust foundation for interpreting ongoing and future astronomical observations. Moreover, the project will enrich existing gas-grain kinetic models, effectively bridging the grain-gas gap and thereby advancing our understanding of how chemical processes in the ISM influence the composition of celestial bodies in star- and planet-forming regions.

Mots clés : laboratory solid state interstellar ices interstellar complex organic molecules temperature programmed desorption infrared spectroscopy

Participants :
- Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet Hypnodelic (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In recent years we have witnessed a renewed interest in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP). The psychedelic compound ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, shows potential for the treatment of depression and addiction. Key psychological mechanisms underlying these effects of PAP are the suggestions by the therapists and psychedelic-induced mystical experiences. Currently, the mechanism of suggestibility in PAP is receiving more attention as it is hypothesized that all psychedelics increase suggestibility – a topic that so far has been studied mostly in the field of hypnosis research. At a neurobiological level, the predictive processing framework suggests that ketamine induces its effects by disrupting the brain’s predictive functioning. In the context of the renaissance of psychedelic research, this project proposes to leverage the practical know-how on suggestibility from hypnosis research to investigate the intriguing interplay between suggestibility, hypnotic suggestions, and the psychedelic experience within the predictive processing framework. Our study has 4 aims: 1) assess suggestibility under ketamine; 2) assess hypnotic suggestions’ impact on the phenomenology of the psychedelic experience; 3) assess if a hypnosis- and ketamine-induced mystical experience leads to improved mental well-being, and 4) validate the predictive processing framework. We will conduct a crossover randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study with a 1-month follow-up, including 36 healthy participants and 2 conditions: Hypnodelic (ketamine + hypnotic suggestions) and Hypnocebo (placebo + hypnotic suggestions). We will measure suggestibility, mystical experience, and predictive processing through quantitative, qualitative and neurophysiological analyses. This groundbreaking study has interdisciplinary translational potential, offering insights into therapeutic applications of hypnosis and psychedelics and paving the way for new clinical applications.

Mots clés : hypnosis, psychedelics, ketamine, suggestion, suggestibility, phenomenology, electroencephalography

Participants :
- Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet DRUMS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Stories, like kulxug (drums), can bring newen (vital energy) back. This idea, of shamanic origin, is what guides this project's aims. Collaboratively conceived, this research engages with twenty-five Mapuche drums under European Museums' custody, aiming to retell their stories and, in so doing, reclaim their vital energy back home while reconceiving what repatriation may look like from the Mapuche perspective. In conversation with this perspective, this project will gather and analyze data about the drums, the most relevant mogen (living beings) in Mapuche shamanism. The objectives are (1) to trace the drums' provenance; (2) characterize the drums' musealization process; (3) document the drums' material identities; (4) collaboratively produce storytelling about the drums' lives, emphasizing the Mapuche traditional knowledge; and (5) re-conceptualize repatriation considering the stories' ability to reclaim vital energy. This project was designed collaboratively with Mapuche communities and representatives engaged with repatriation. Its methodology combines social sciences and humanities methods with gvxan (conversation), a Mapuche discursive and analytical genre based on storytelling. First, archives, legislation, museum practices, and the drums' materiality will be studied using material culture, legal, anthropology, history, and archaeology methods. Then, all data will be collectively analyzed with Mapuche communities during territorial meetings in Southern Chile. This will result in the storytelling of the drums' lives and rethinking what repatriation might be in this case. The research brings non-Western peoples' ontological self-determination to the fore, querying how repatriation has been practiced. As a result, while it deals with a priority issue for the Mapuche communities, it can impact the controversial condition in which matters of repatriation are currently debated in Europe.


Participants :
- Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet MarrowMimi (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) therapies have the potential to treat over 70 diseases including blood cancers and leukemia and are one of only 22 advanced therapy medicinal products currently approved by the European Medicines Agency. However, the number of HSPCs derived from a single blood donation can be insufficient for modern therapies, which typically require a minimum of 10^7 cells. To service adequate treatment regimes, HSPCs must be expanded in the laboratory at great financial expense, resulting in exorbitant treatment costs of up to €315,000. New methods of ex vivo HSPC expansion are therefore required to reduce production costs and ensure therapy affordability. The industry standard for HSPC expansion utilises liquid suspension bioreactors, where cells are diluted in litres of culture media to a final concentration of only 10^3-5 cells/mL. This liquid media, containing large amounts of expensive nutrients, provides high cell expansion but results in high production costs. Liquid suspension bioreactors vary significantly from how humans grow HSPCs within high-cell-density tissue (10^8-11 cells/mL), which require only a fraction of the nutrient quantities per-cell. The bone marrow is the human body’s natural HSPC bioreactor and provides a defined microenvironment for optimal cell production. I aim to artificially replicate these niche conditions by creating a marrow mimicry bioreactor (MarrowMimi) to maximise ex vivo HSPC expansion by (1) formulating a hydrogel scaffold to mimic the bone marrow extracellular matrix, (2) utilising state-of-the-art 3D printing technologies to create a marrow-like perfusion bioreactor, and (3) optimising reaction conditions to maximise HSPC expansion and minimise nutrient demand. The ability to minimise HSPC expansion-associated costs could ensure lifesaving therapies are more widely available to the community, therefore, MarrowMimi will focus on optimising methods for cost effective ex vivo HSPC production.

Mots clés : tissue engineering, biomaterials, stem cell biology, additive manufacturing

Participants :
- Université de technologie d'Eindhoven (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet FemtoSense (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Novel and compaImplementation of solid-state magnetic field sensors with ultra-high sensitivity and ultra-low magnetic-field detectivity is mandatory to accelerate the development of individualized and precision healthcare devices and promote the change to more energy efficient green technologies. Unlike other studies, the project will provide major advances in the field of spintronic tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors by pushing their limit of detectivity to the femtoTesla range without using external tools as magnetic flux concentrator, which is an artificial technique to increase sensitivity regardless to the origin of limitation in TMR multilayer structure as noise sources. For that, FEMTOSense is to pinpoint the origin and mechanisms that govern all noise contributions, and their control, on-demand, using materials science and device engineering. To do this, I will develop highly (001)-textured spinel oxide MgAl2O4 (MAO) tunneling barriers enabling tunable lattice matching with wide range of ferromagnetic electrodes particularly CoFeB, to suppress the interfacial imperfection (noise) at the interface and improve TMR ratio. I will also improve the quality of the ferromagnetic electrodes by development of functional sensing layers consisting of sandwich-like amorphous ferromagnet. The ferromagnetic sandwich comprises thin layers of super-soft NiFe inserted between amorphous phase of CoFeBTa ferromagnetic layers. The former is to prevent propagation of 111-texture of NiFe to MAO barrier, ensuring ordering interface with minimized electronic noises. The latter is to tune the structural and magnetic characteristics of the sensing layers, enabling high sensitivity and suppressing magnetic noise at the sensing layer. Finally, I will establish a framework to map all sources of noise within each of the spintronic sensor building blocks, and identify the method of treatment by theoretical modeling for demonstration of femtoTesla tunneling magnetoresistnce sensors.

Mots clés : spintronics magnetism tunneling magnetoresistance sensors noise

Participants :
- Université de technologie d'Eindhoven (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet 2D PHrOSEN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Neuromorphic computing is expected to have a transformative impact by exploiting the brain like computations. During the last two decades, Neuromorphic computing has been implemented on electronics, with the most important circuit element capable of best mimicking neurons and synapses that is the memristor. Yet, constructing a highly interconnected networks of memristors to resemble biological architecture requires metal wires with extremely scaled area that results in an immense heat generation and power consumption, hindering the neuromorphic electronics development. Recently the new field of neuromorphic photonics has attracted a lot of interest as a valid alternative. In neuromorphic photonics the network connections are made of optical waveguide that provides inherent parallelism, ultra low latency, and almost zero power dissipation. However neuromorphic photonic will only meet its expectation as a groundbreaking technology when an Ideal photonic memristor is available. The ideal photonic memristor (currently missing) should adjust the amplitude of transmitted light in a non-volatile and analog manner, not via light absorption but through light phase change, to minimize the synapsis insertion losses. In this project I will demonstrate the low loss photonic memristor by innovative exploitation of energy band alignment and refractive index modulation of 2-Dimensional (2D) material heterostructures. I will embed the 2D heterostructure within a photonic integrated Mach- Zehnder Interferometer to showcase the non-volatile optical phase shifting with 1-10 fJ energy consumption per bit. This project will conduct interdisciplinary research across light-matter interaction, that requires contributions from materials science, physics, photonics and electronics. Positive outcome of this action will lead to a breakthrough in the development of neuromorphic photonics, thus a revolution in various aspects of smart human societies that rely on high throughput data computation.

Mots clés : neuromorphic photonics, 2 dimensional materials, photonic memristors, photonic integrated circuits, transition metal dichalcogenides, 

Participants :
- Université de technologie d'Eindhoven (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203464.32 €
Projet UCoCo (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Layered two-dimensional materials are novel quantum materials considered as the basis for future-generation electronics. The electronic and optical properties of such materials critically depend on so-called interlayer coupling – the interaction between the neighboring atomic layers within the material. What is of particular interest is that one can modulate this interlayer coupling, and thereby the material’s properties, by applying an electric field in the out-of-plane direction of the atomic layers. In this project, I focus on a typical semiconductor layered material called transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDC). In TMDC, bandgap modulation with DC electric fields was recently achieved. However, the limitation of the modulation speed remains yet unclarified. In addition, the expected insulator-metal transition at the strong-field limit has not yet been realized because the required strong field causes a dielectric breakdown of the material. This project aims to (1) Realize ultrafast control of electronic properties of layered materials via direct ultrafast manipulation of interlayer coupling, (2) Identify the speed limitations to this controlling mechanism, and (3) Realize the insulator-metal transition in the layered material via the ultrafast control scheme. To investigate the ultrafast dynamics, I will utilize the terahertz technology, which enables us to apply a very short pulse of an electric field - a terahertz pulse - to the material and observe the change of its optical properties in an ultrafast timescale. A newly proposed micrometer-sized device, which converts an incident terahertz pulse to a strong out-of-plane electric field on TMDC, will enable ultrafast property control. The proposed scheme will be applicable for the ultrafast control of quantum phases in various layered-material systems. It is also expected to be applied as optoelectronic and all-optical ultrafast switches, which are important milestones for future ultrafast technologies.

Mots clés : transition metal dichalcogenide, terahertz science, ultrafast science, electronic property control

Participants :
- Université de Bielefeld (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet BlackCzech (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This project conceives (self-)Africanisation as a rhetorical strategy of symbolic exclusion of the “other”, despite being European, from Europe by either the voluntary assumption or the imposed ascription of a surrogate identity. Starting from the hypothesis that the cultural, artistic and scientific output of a “non-colonial” nation can also be considered as a form of colonial discourse, this project seeks to examine Blackness imagery in Czech-German and Czech-French cultural relations and transfers. Focusing on the “long” nineteenth century (extended until the early 1930s), the research spans five interconnected axes: (1) the “scientific” constructions of Black and “mixed-race” alterity in the Czech lands; (2) translating literature with “colonial” topics for the Czech lands; (3) Black and “mixed-race” representations in Czech literature; (4) Black are the “others” – the ascription of surrogate identity in German and French literature; and (5) the instrumentalization of Blackness imagery in cultural‑political struggles. Drawing on the methodology of literary history, comparative literature and translation studies, the project will analyse translations of French literature and academic, literary and mediatic discourses in the Czech lands and mutual representations of Czechs and Germans as “black”. The interdisciplinary approach, which includes postcolonial studies, discourse analysis, comparative historical linguistics and insights of anthropology, will shed light on the mixophobic framework of racial naming, notably in its gendered and intersectional dimensions. The transnational scope of this topical project, the commitment to open science practices as well as the hosting arrangements aimed at developing a diversified research profile, including transferable skills in communication, management and digital humanities, will significantly promote the career prospects of the researcher as well as strengthen the profile of the host institution.

Mots clés : translation, blackness imagery, racial stereotypes, central europe, czech literature, french literature, german literature, alterity, identity, gender, discourse analysis,  self africanisation

Participants :
- Université Humboldt de Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189687.36 €