Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet HydrogenLung (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In researches about hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) at the anode of a fuel cell, most researchers concentrate on the intrinsic activity and stability of catalysts, while few researches study the gas diffusion effect in depth, which is however the rate-determine step for most HOR. Enlightened by the efficient lungs’ supply of oxygen to human with multistage bronchi and pulmonary alveoli, we plan to improve the hydrogen gas diffusion for HOR by constructing multistage superaerophilic gas channels (MSGC) in the catalyst layer (CL). Traditionally, to build gas channels in CL, people modify powder catalysts with aerophilic binder, which however cause aggregation and therefore hindered the transfer of electron and mass. Besides, part of the randomly made gas channels are closed that cannot transfer hydrogen actually. Thus, there are two challenges in MSGC construction: a solid and strong hierarchical micro-nano skeleton, that won’t aggregate, to support catalyst and channels, and a method to control the direction of the channels. Herein, we propose tungsten carbide nanoarrays (WC NA) as the skeleton for Pt catalyst and invent a vacuum-control method based on superwetting technology to direct the gas channels. Although WC nanoparticles have been proved promising as the substrate of Pt for HOR, WC NA has never been tried. Based on the novel structure, we will study the relationship between structure, gas diffusion, and HOR efficiency in depth. Targeting at the rate-determine step of HOR, we’re expecting a theoretical breakthrough in HOR, which will offer an alternative approach for making hydrogen anode in fuel cell industry.

Mots clés : electrochemistry, heterogeneous catalysis

Participants :
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202680.96 €
Projet EdgeStress (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In response to climate change, species are moving in a poleward direction to avoid lethal temperatures. The Arctic is warming fast and non-indigenous species are expanding into the Arctic seeking a ‘thermal refuge’. However, recent work shows that temperatures in the Arctic already expose some boreal species to temperatures above their thermal limits, thus these results suggest that the Arctic is already too warm to provide a thermal refuge. Moreover, climate change is not only affecting organisms by warming their environment. For instance, in the Arctic climate change is also causing ocean acidification and an unpreceded melting of sea ice and the Greenland Ice Sheet. Combined, this leads to physical and chemical changes of the environment that exposes organisms to a novel and complex mosaic of multiple stressors fluctuating through time and space. The project EdgeStress improves knowledge and perspectives on the effects of multiple climate stressors on populations at their poleward distribution edge. Dr Jakob Thyrring is the researcher behind EdgeStress. During a two-year stay at University of British Columbia (UBC) in Canada he will collaborate with professor Christopher Harley, a world leading expert on coast ecology. The third year of EdgeStress will be conducted at Aarhus University (AU), Denmark, where to Dr Thyrring will transfer skills obtained from Canada. At AU, Dr Thyrring will utilise these skills to conduct research in the High Arctic West Greenland, a region characterized by rapid changes. EdgeStress provide novel information on how multiple environmental stressors and biotic interactions affect species thermal tolerance. Thus, the results are important in order to improve climate change predictions and its consequences for species and communities. The results will have implications globally and locally as it will be used to inform stakeholders, fish farming companies, researchers and governments, and the public about climate change impacts.

Mots clés : climate change, arctic, thermal biology

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 245719.8 €
- University of British Columbia (Canada) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet COGONU (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : TERMINATED

In response to the rise of a new labour governance regime in the platform economy, militant forms of worker mobilization have recently emerged across Europe, exhibiting novel forms of organisation and action repertoires. The research action “COntesting GOvernance by NUmbers: The Mobilizations of Food Delivery Couriers across Europe in Time of the Pandemic (COGONU)” investigates the causes, trajectories, and outcomes of mobilizations of these workers since 2016 in different European cities before and during the Covid crisis. The action has three main research objectives: 1. it maps all episodes of couriers’ mobilizations across Europe since 2016 accounting for similarities and differences in terms of strategies, action repertoire, and mobilization capacity. 2. it conducts an in-depth analysis of three cases of mobilization that have exhibited variation in terms of action repertoire, forms of organizing, alliance building and target, to understand the dynamics of contention, their political strategies, and policy outcomes. 3. it aims to explore the processes of transnational coordination and organization among couriers, union representatives, and activists and their feedback effects on both corporate and EU governance. The action includes a comprehensive training plan, which enhances my career opportunities across sectors as well as academic departments. The UCD School of Business, the UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy and its ERC Research Group “Labour Politics and the EU’s New Economic Governance Regime” (host institution), along with the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) (secondment institution), will provide me with excellent interdisciplinary research skills and development opportunities. The action also incorporates an ambitious dissemination and communication plan that promotes knowledge exchange between the researcher and partner organizations as well as the production of valuable knowledge for policy makers and citizens at local, national and EU level.

Mots clés : social movements, industrial relations, contentious politics, labour process theory, governance by numbers, platform economy, worker mobilizations

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet Worldsoflabour (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the 1970s, companies from Western Europe initiated a series of complex moves towards the reterritorialisation of their production chains. These moves involved ample mobilities of capital, transfers of technology, and a wide range of managerial practices for the reorganization and flexibilization of labour. While there is a rich literature documenting how the Global South has been historically constituted as a reservoir of natural resources and cheap labour in-between the twin logics of empire and capital, the move towards socialist East-Central Europe has received less empirical attention and has definitely remained undertheorised. My project tackles this issue through an analysis of the incorporation of the Romanian car industry in global commodity chains between the late 1960s and 2017, with a further focus on an automobile factory located in the Southern part of Romania, in the city of Craiova. I build on this case to investigate the global changes in production politics that marked the period between the late socialist decades into the present, and their impact on the Romanian workers’ generational experiences. The project brings its contribution to current scholarly efforts to better understand the advance of flexible capitalism in peripheral and semi-peripheral regions of the world, as well as its capacity to create new “economies of impermanence”, which directly shaped biographical structures of possibilities for several generations of employees. To achieve this goal, my research follows a less travelled path: instead of reifying “socialism” and “capitalism” as separate economic systems, I analyse the transformation of the Romanian factories into an extended workbench for Western European companies as an encounter between the logic of socialist accumulation and the crisis-led “spatial fixes” materialized globally since the 1970s. A deeper knowledge of their entanglements is crucial for understanding the past, present, and future of global production.

Mots clés : labour, flexible capitalism, globalisation, political economy, social change, life course, eastern europe, romania, automotive industry

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet FullCompensation (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the EU, full compensation of non-pecuniary damages remains fragmented and subjective, leading to unequal outcomes within jurisdictions. This is despite numerous attempts to reduce variability, e.g. barèmes and tables. The project aims to develop evidence-based guidelines for decision-makers to award damages, reconciling equal treatment and personalisation. Such guidelines will be developed into a model legislative proposal for Member States to foster rationalisation in this sector. The goal is to reduce bias, uncertainty, subjectivity and unequal treatment in the assessment of non-pecuniary damages, minimising the social and individual costs of awarding such damages, while at the same time investigating the actual perception of full compensation by victims. To this end, the project will (1) explore damages awarding mechanisms in the EU and the legal aids to assess compensation; (2) investigate, through online and laboratory behavioural experiments, the actual perception of fair and full compensation by adjudicators, identifying their mechanisms of psychic satisfaction and their cognitive reaction to different legal aids; (3) based on the collected experimental results, develop tools to assess compensation and assist decision-making processes.

Mots clés : civil liability, tort law, full compensation, non pecuniary damages, pain and suffering, harmonisation, empirical legal studies, behavioural and economic analysis of law

Participants :
- Maastricht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 131679.36 €
Projet SSF-value (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the EU, more than 80% of the fishing fleet is composed of small vessels less than 12 m of length. These vessels belong to the so called Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF) sector that provides around 100,000 direct jobs for fishers and a similar number of indirect jobs for women. Besides providing employment, small-scale fishers in the EU land annually around 2 million tons of high quality marine food valued in ca. EUR 2,6 billion. Despite these figures, the national economic contribution of SSF in terms of shares to country’s GDP, is generally low in comparison with large scale commercial fisheries. This low input to national economies usually masks the genuine societal contribution of SSF, which lies at the interface between socio-cultural and economic benefits to rural coastal communities. This project aims to identified and valuate these socio-cultural and economic contributions of SSF to rural communities in the Galician coast of Spain. Without these information, the scientific evidence for an ecosystem-based fisheries management that integrates ecological, social and economic objectives is deficient, and decisions for fisheries policies based on this incomplete knowledge risk producing adverse impacts to society. Applying an inter and trans-disciplinary methodology involving scholars from social and economic sciences and the actively participation of stakeholders, the objectives of this research are a) to identify the socio-cultural and economic contribution of Galician small-scale fisheries (including contribution of women) to coastal communities using a wellbeing and an economic approach, b) to estimate the value of the socio-cultural and economic contributions of SSF using economic valuation tools, c) to co-develop indicators that encompass socio-cultural and economic data for monitoring and evaluating impacts regarding quota allocation of marine rersouces to the SSF's fleet, and d) to communicate the contributions that flow from SSF inside and outside academia.

Mots clés : socio cultural, small scale fisheries, economic valuation, wellbeing, coastal communities, sustainable development, transdiciplinarity, fisheries management

Participants :
- University of Santiago de Compostela (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 120699.36 €
Projet INTIMAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the European context of migration and diasporas, and at the intersection of sound art, music cognition, psychology and human-computer interaction, this project will develop INTIMAL: a novel physical-virtual “embodied system” for relational listening. Through the artistic practice of telematic sonic performance this system will interconnect people’s bodily motion and voice with their memories and dreams of distant locations. The fellowship aims to equip the researcher with cutting-edge tools and transferable skills for creating sonic relations for both well-being and healing, tackling important societal challenges of migration. The project will use a unique practice-based methodology, combining different types of listening: relational listening (in dialog with the surroundings), deep listening (sonic meditations, dream and body awareness), networked listening (through telematic performance), and body sonification (translating motion to sound). These will inform and be informed by the development of the modular software platform INTIMAL. As a case study, nine Colombian migrant women in Europe will test INTIMAL in their listening experiences as a catalyst for healing and reconciliation within the context of Colombian post-conflict and peace building. At the University of Oslo the researcher will gain artistic, conceptual and technological skills through: (a) the exploration of artistic, psychological, scientific and cultural implications of capturing the body while listening; (b) the development of spatiotemporal models that interrelate data sources using a graphical programming environment (Max with Jamoma) in a system; (c) the development of complex and meaningful relational processes for telematic sonic performance. Throughout the two years the project will reach academic and non-academic audiences, opening career opportunities for the researcher’s unique profile for the design of interfaces for relational listening, within a variety of dislocation contexts.

Mots clés : telematic performance, sound studies, listening, embodiment, migration, colombia, creative computing

Participants :
- University of Oslo (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 208400.4 €
Projet SpinPVK (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

In the Last few years, hybrid organic-inorganic trihalide perovskite (HOIP) solar cells an imperative and motivating research field and this is an interesting multifunction material owing to their high carrier mobility, semiconducting properties, and extremely high performance in solar cells (achieved solar power conversion efficiency is >25%). On the other hand, a numerous theoretical and experimental research were done and going based on perovskite materials. But, till the perovskite materials is a promising material for further development in photovoltaics and optoelectronics devices. However, beyond the photovoltaic applications, HOIP’s electron spin characteristic behaviour have not been studied in detail and the reports are very limited. In this SpinPVK project, to demonstrate the effect of spin states in perovskite materials photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices, due to the spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Also, to study the photon induced spin-polarized carrier injection into HOIP’s for spin light emitting diode and spin-valve devices. we will switch the photoexcited charge carrier polarization from linear to circular polarization by the effect spin induced band shifting, which will be increase the photocurrent and photovoltage in HOIPs photovoltaics. In addition, we will validate the influence of perpendicular magnetic field on HOIP by photon induced spin orientation and long life time photocarrier for high efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Overall, this SpinPVK project aims to develop and fabrication of HOIP based spintronic devices and which will be delivered in-depth knowledge about spin-related properties such as SOC, Stark effect, magneto-optical effect, polarized light-related effect, complex light emission and spin/photon induced photovoltaics. Also, this project will be proved to overcome the stability issues in HOIPs for pav way of commercialization.

Mots clés : perovskites, solar cells, spintronics, spin orbit coupling, bandgap, optoelectronics, spin led, magneto optical effect, spin photovoltaics

Participants :
- Institut Català d'Investigació Química (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet EuroCrisisMove (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the aftermath of the crisis, unfavourable socio-economic conditions with high unemployment, steep decreases in salaries and welfare allowances, and deterioration in career prospects have triggered intensified labour mobility, with a direction from the so-called Peripheral countries to the Core of the euro area. Primarily due to the surge in immigration from its EU partners, Germany is now the second largest immigration country in the industrialised world, after the U.S. Fiscal consolidation policies that aim to reduce deficit levels and typically involve tax hikes and cuts in government spending have also contributed to these migration outflows from crisis-hit countries. Notably, in countries with a sizeable public sector, like Greece and Spain, cuts and restrictions in new recruitments of public employees have further motivated the decision to move abroad. The aim of this research is to theoretically study the macroeconomic links between unemployment, fiscal consolidation, and labour mobility in a monetary union. To this end, I will introduce endogenous migration decisions both for the unemployed and the employed household members in a two-country Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model of a monetary union with search and matching frictions, in which the Periphery implements fiscal consolidation through spending cuts or tax hikes. Existing studies in the fiscal consolidation literature consider an immobile labour force and, therefore, the migration channel has not yet been investigated in this context. This project aims to fill this gap and inform policymakers by comparing different fiscal consolidation instruments: (a) labour income tax hikes, (b) public consumption spending cuts, (c) unemployment benefits cuts, and (d) public sector wage bill cuts. Through the lens of the model, I will also perform a systematic comparison of the implications for different euro area Peripheral economies, which have implemented a different policy mix in the recent years.


Participants :
- Fundació markets, organizations and votes in economics (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet TECHSUS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

In the contemporary world, technological solutions to the ecological challenges have received a central role. Due to the robust political commitment to technological progress in environmental policy and related path dependencies, modern societies and organisations are increasingly contingent on technological systematizations. The development and adoption of increasingly advanced technological products and processes are taken for granted, and policies persist largely unquestioned. For instance, in the context of agriculture, the development and implementation of new technology is considered to be central in the future of food production and particularly critical in support of sustainable modes of agricultural production. Current governmental incentives and management models are to encourage inertia rather than transitions towards sustainable agricultural production. Despite several ecological benefits of less intensive farming methods and the rising consumer demand on sustainable produce, market shares of non-conventionally produced food remain small. The often-higher, short-term productivity of intensive agriculture, as an outcome of greater use of external input factors, such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides, is too attractive to farmers struggling with profitability. This study hypothesises that in addition to the lack of organisational resources of the farmers (including economic capital, knowledge, and awareness of the ecological challenges) and public policies, a more fundamental barrier to developing sustainable modes of production might prevail, namely technological optimism. With high expectations on future solutions by means of clean technology, agricultural intensification efforts today may continue without interreptions. This study asks: how ecological is the kind of change that technologies are able to deliver?


Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €