Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PACE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The field of ancient human DNA (aDNA) has rapidly undergone changes over the last decade. These changes have been spurred on through the use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies. These methodological advancements have increased our understanding of the human lineage to depths thought impossible only a short time ago. For example, aDNA research has shown how modern humans are related to our archaic ancestors, indicating significant admixture events throughout our evolutionary history with the Neanderthals and other now-extinct archaic species. However, to achieve these results, the ancient material has been exceptionally well preserved, owing to favorable, i.e. cold, environmental conditions. For many parts of the world, however, the environmental conditions remain a barrier to the extraction and analysis of aDNA. The nature of aDNA research is inherently interdisciplinary, whereby several branches of inquiry, such as archaeology or genetics, attempt to answer similar evolutionary questions from different perspectives. This proposal attempts to use advanced extraction and sampling methods for aDNA from challenging environments in order to broaden the scope of paleogenetics research. Although continental Europe has gained significantly from these advances, for other parts of the world, such as Southeast Asia and the Near East, this has been more difficult due to formidable preservation conditions. The goal of this proposal is to build on promising preliminary results that target a specific bone in the human skull in order to gain a better understanding surrounding the dynamics of aDNA preservation, while at the same time, gain insight into the evolutionary histories of peoples from warm and humid, or warm and arid, locations. Our proposal incorporates state-of-the-art HTS techniques, includes a comprehensive training program with international collaborators, and benefits from a two-way transfer of knowledge between host and researcher.

Mots clés : ancient dna, high throughput sequencing, archaeology

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187866.0 €
Projet e-Gates (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The field of microfluidics is rapidly expanding and so is the area of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. Despite numerous advances, there are still many important needs that are unmet and therefore limit deployment of microfluidics for high-performance POC applications. e-Gates is thoroughly aligned with those needs and trends in academic and industrial research in Europe. This project introduces the “electrogating” concept as a very innovative mechanism to perform flow-control operations of continuous streams of liquids in capillary channels by means of electronic actuation. A microfluidic chip having electrogates can be controlled with a remote control system via smartphone connectivity, thereby enabling flexibility in controlling assay conditions, optimization of tests, and implementation of internal checkpoints to gain in reliability. The strategic combination of expertise in biosciences and micro-nanotechnology for developing microfluidics, makes e-Gates an outstanding opportunity for the host institution to take advantage of the solid scientific background from the applicant, with the aim of reinforcing its innovative capacity and speed-up R&D and commercialization plans. Importantly, the applicant will acquire knowledge and experience in a very exciting area, expanding her previous competences and skills on basic research in physics to applied, multidisciplinary research by working at IBM Research - Zurich. Through e-gates, the applicant will strengthen professional maturity with a prospective career development either in academia, industry or as an entrepreneur. The results, dissemination and visualization of the action will contribute to the excellence and attractiveness of European research programs around microfluidics technology, fostering industry-academy alliances with high scientific, social, and economic impact in Europe.

Mots clés : electrowetting, point of care diagnostics

Participants :
- IBM Research - Zurich (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 187419.6 €
Projet LIMB NETWORKS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The fin-to-limb transition was a major milestone in the history of life that shaped the morphology and remarkable biodiversity of land vertebrates. A central question in vertebrate evolution is how the various anatomical parts of limbs evolved semi-autonomously (modularity) while still growing and adapting in coordination (integration). The main goal of this project is to unravel (i) the evolutionary changes in modularity of the musculoskeletal system that occurred during the evolution from fins to limbs and (ii) how these newly acquired modular organizations facilitated the evolution of different morphologies for the forelimb and hindlimb. To this end, we will evaluate the modularity of limbs and the strength of topological integration among modules by using an innovative approach–anatomical network analysis–¬¬based on the topological relations that anatomical parts establish among them; these anatomical relations are embodied in network models and quantified globally using sophisticated algorithms from Graph Theory. We propose a multidisciplinary combination, for the first time, of (i) new data on fin/limb muscle anatomy in extant species, (ii) reconstruction of muscle attachments in extinct forms, and (iii) the use of innovative tools such as Anatomical Network Analysis to identify morphological modules and quantify their integration within a phylogenetic context. The results of this unique and transformative project have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of limb evolution during the fin-limb transition. The training in gross anatomy, imaging techniques, and reconstruction of muscles in fossils by the leading researchers involved in this project will foster the development of the candidate Fellow as an independent and innovative frontline researcher in theoretical, evolutionary, and comparative biology in the EU.

Mots clés : morphology, evolutionary developmental biology

Participants :
- Howard University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 251857.8 €
Projet IMPLANTATION (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The first physical contact between the embryo and the uterus is a complex and timely coordinated process, which is crucial for positive pregnancy outcome. During that process of implantation, the embryo attaches and invades to nest into the uterus. Managing embryo implantation has wide implications for public health, including treating infertility (e.g., improving IVF outcomes) and for family planning (improving contraception). However, the tiny size of the embryo and inaccessibility into the womb make implantation a true black box in developmental biology. Three technological breakthroughs, i.e., single cell sequencing, endometrial organoids and blastoid technologies, now made it possible to deeply and finely investigate implantation. Here, I aim at leveraging these technologies to create a stem cell-based platform to model the blastocyst-uterus interaction and to reveal molecular mechanisms mediating implantation. This platform will be amenable to high-throughput screening, gene editing, and live imaging, to identify the molecular regulators of implantation. If successful, this study will provide a biologically relevant, easily accessible and experimentally amenable system to perform in-depth studies with scientific and clinical impacts to understand and potentially treat conditions such as infertility, reproductive decline, develop novel contraceptive and in the long term, to develop drugs to improve reproductive health and prevent several chronic diseases.

Mots clés : infertility, implantation, endometrium, organoid, blastoid

Participants :
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 174167.04 €
Projet HIGGS-BSM-EFT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The focus of this proposal is to systematically develop the Standard Model effective field theory and to use this formalism to study the Higgs boson. The need to engage in this effort is clearly well motivated considering current Large Hadron Collider (LHC) results. Developing the general effective field theory framework to include quantum mechanical corrections is essential if future deviations in Higgs properties are to be systematically studied at high precision in a model independent manner. Higgs properties are currently only roughly known, with large errors. The upcoming data set from LHC will be at least five times as large as the data set gathered in the initial run. Further, the LHC will now be operating at twice the collision energy compared to the initial run. Using this rich data set, Higgs properties will be determined with about an order of magnitude improvement in experimental precision. Resolving more precisely the properties of the Higgs is expected to give evidence for the effects of fundamentally new particles and interactions, involved in stabilizing the Higgs mass against quantum corrections. Utilizing the resources of this grant, calculations of the most important quantum corrections to Higgs production and decay processes in the general effective field theory of the SM will be undertaken. This work builds upon past contributions in this area by the experienced researcher. Phenomenological analyses to refine our knowledge of the Higgs Boson will also be further developed. The final goal that this proposal advances towards is nothing less than to decode, and discover, a more fundamental theory of nature from a pattern of precious clues embedded in future LHC data.


Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212194.8 €
Projet IRON_DEPOSITS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The formation of magmatic iron oxide deposit is closely related to the role of volatiles in magmas, especially in low-Ti magmatic systems (Kiruna-type). Volatiles have strong effect on phase equilibria, saturation of Fe-Ti oxides, and liquid immiscibility. They also control the magmatic-hydrothermal transition with implications for the remobilization of some strategic elements (P, Au, Cu, REE) by fluids. Volatiles are thus key components for the relation between Kiruna-type ores and Iron Oxides Copper Gold deposits. This project is an attempt to constrain experimentally the role of volatiles in magmas related to the formation of Kiruna-type iron deposits. We will study the development of liquid and fluid immiscibility, major and trace element partitioning between melts and fluids, and iron isotopes fractionation between minerals, silicate melts and fluids. The study will benefit from unique high pressure experimental and UV-femtosecond laser ablation-ICP-MS analytical facilities developed in Hannover. The objective is to constrain the conditions and the processes responsible for the concentration of iron in low-Ti volatile-rich magmatic systems and to identify the key-factors responsible for the enrichment of elements of economic interest.

Mots clés : volatile, magma, iron oxide deposit, iron isotope, experimental geochemistry, silicate liquid immiscibility

Participants :
- Leibniz University Hannover (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet NANO-TUNE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The future of materials chemistry is the ability to tune materials properties to meet the demands of specific applications. Nanocrystals (NC) are promising materials because their properties can be tuned with NC diameter. Further tuning can be achieved with materials like non-stoichiometric Cu2S that have tunable properties by incorporating different elements into their structure. One example is Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), a photoabsorber with a tunable band-gap with changes in Cu:Zn ratio. However, in order to take advantage of tunable properties the copper chalcogenide NCs must be made reproducibly. However, the ability to reproducibly synthesize NCs has not been reached due to three challenges. The first is a lack of understanding of the NC nucleation mechanism which results in batch-to-batch variation in NC size. The second is a lack of understanding of NC growth mechanisms and how those depend on growth conditions. The third is phase segregation and cation disorder which often occurs for complex ternary and quaternary materials (like CZTS) synthesized with multiple metal precursors. Studying NC formation mechanisms using in situ X-ray total scattering from synchrotron sources allows for previously unobtainable insight on structure of NCs from precursor to nuclei to NC. In NANO-TUNE, I will study the nucleation and growth of CuS using in situ X-ray total scattering and target subsequent cation exchange with Zn and Sn to make CZTS. The outcomes of NANO-TUNE will be the ability to make NCs more reproducibly and with a great tunability of materials properties. CZTS NCs will be used as a proof of concept to study other copper chalcogenide materials in the future which have a wide range of uses including batteries and sensors. The supervisor of this work, Prof. Jensen, has extensive expertise on studying the structure of ultra-small particles and in situ beamline X-ray total scattering experiments, making the University of Copenhagen the perfect host for this project.

Mots clés : nanocrystals, total x ray scattering, pair distribution function analysis, in situ, cuznsns, nucleation, growth, magic sized clusters

Participants :
- University of Copenhagen (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 207312.0 €
Projet SiPerSol (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The global warming and air/water pollution are nowadays alarmingly threatening the life on Earth. Utilizing solar cells (SC) as one of the most effective solution can enormously reduce the fossil fuel consumption, and hence CO2 emission. However, the levelized cost of energy of SCs is still not competitive compared to fossil fuels, an obstacle which can be passed by using tandem SCs, most efficient emerging SC technology for this purpose. Combining mature technology of silicon SCs with amazing properties of perovskite SCs has the great potential to pass the 30% efficiency. The main aim of this interdisciplinary research is to fabricate a triple junction textured silicon heterojunction/alloyed Sn-Pb low band gap perovskite/halide engineered I-Br high band gap perovskite tandem solar cell by two-step evaporation/solution method with efficiency of >30% and stability of >1000 h under different stress conditions. SiPerSol will improve the state-of the-art by introducing the successful fabrication method of highly efficient stable low band gap Sn-Pb as well as high band gap I-Br perovskites on textured silicon heterojunction substrate, two major challenges to realize the mammoth potential of this advanced multilayered device. Moreover, it provides deep insights into the functioning of the interfaces and traps. The project will be conducted by Dr. Mohammad Reza Golobostanfard with years of experience on nanomaterial synthesis, analysis, and solution processing of different SC absorbers with supervision of Prof. Ballif and Dr. Jeangros with strong network from academic and non-academic centres in Switzerland and across Europe and more than 30 years of experience in silicon and perovskite SCs at EPFL (home of emerging SCs), PVLAB (well-equipped laboratory with world-class facilities for silicon and perovskite SCs fabrication and analysis). The project results will entirely benefit European industries and beyond by introducing highly efficient yet stable SCs.

Mots clés : solar cells, photovoltaics, perovskites, silicon heterojunction, tandem, stability

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191149.44 €
Projet NGTMod (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of the NGTMod project is to define the next generation technologies for modeling the full complexity of living and designed structures. The need to describe and handle complex geometrical objects is present in many different domains of application such as medical imaging, geology, material analysis, etc. In all these domains, we seek to describe very complex objects, in order to obtain a description of objects with a very high level of precision, and/or to describe very large objects. In both cases, the goal is to obtain a very precise representation, making it possible to define several high level operations to create and modify the objects. Many works have proposed very advanced solutions for specific cases. Most of them deal with 2D and 3D regular subdivisions which are in no way generic, and the few existing generic solutions do not allow us to describe very complex objects. Our goal in this project is to propose a general purpose representation for geometric structures of arbitrary topology, making it possible to describe and handle very complex objects. To achieve this goal, we will take advantage of Jarek Rossignac's wide experience of computer graphics and compact data structures during the outgoing phase in Georgia Tech University, while providing our major knowledge of cellular data structures, generic operations and their implementation in software libraries. We will transfer the acquired skills and knowledge during the return phase by working with Florent Dupont of Lyon 1 University who is an expert on image and mesh processing and analysis and this phase will benefit from the new generic data structure and high level operations.

Mots clés : computer graphics, geometric description, generic subdivision, complex objects, compact data, structure, high level efficient operations, free software development

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 119901.6 €
- Georgia tech research corporation (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Recherche, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet TECTONIC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The goal of the TECTONIC project is to alleviate the challenging problem of hot-spots in 3D stacked chip-multiprocessors by employing a software-hardware based combined approach. With the stagnation in process technology scaling new emerging memory technologies are investigated. Promise of better scalability with reduced static leakage makes Non-volatile memories (NVM) as the potential candidates to replace conventional SRAM. However, many of the proposed NVM technologies are sensitive to heat, that raised up the issue of reliability. Considering heat dissipation as an exclusive issue of hardware will not be the appropriate approach towards finding out the solutions, as running-application has direct impacts on on-chip thermal imbalance. Hence, TECTONIC will manage the on-chip temperature and eliminate hot-spots by leveraging application specific knowledge extracted at compile time in combination with new hardware mechanisms for distributing computational work and memory accesses for even heat distribution while maintaining high performance.

Mots clés : compilers, computer architecture, caches, multi cores, 3d cmps, energy and thermal management, emerging memory technologies

Participants :
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 214158.72 €
Projet STAR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The goal of the proposed Fellowship Programme: Sensing and Sensibility – Transcending Disciplines for a Responsible Future (STAR) is to provide a fruitful environment for attracting, developing and globally interconnecting experienced researchers who are able to address the complex questions associated with the grand challenges of the present. “Sensing” addresses the increasingly interweaved sensoric interfaces between humans, the environment and digital technologies, “sensibility” summarises the indispensable attitude towards actively guiding these transformation along a humanistic approach and responsibly for our environment. STAR contributes to attracting and educating the human talent required to enable Europe to expand its leading role in this context. The proposed Fellowship Programme is designed for a duration of 60 months offering funding opportunities for 20 experienced researchers and their projects. Following a selection process based on openness, transparency, merit, impartiality and equality, and striving to respect the principles set out in the European Charter for Researchers and the Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers in the very best manner, the programme ensures absolute neutrality by giving all selection power to external experts. Recruited fellows will be supervised by highly experienced researchers, safeguarding high-quality research outputs. STAR is a bottom-up Fellowship Programme which is structured in seven thematic challenges offering a wide range of highly flexible research opportunities and world-leading intersectorally connected partners. In addition, high-level research and training opportunities will increase researchers employability and career opportunities by expanding necessary skill sets. To increase positive effects on the European Research Area, STAR will offer two different recruitment schemes promoting mobility and the transfer of knowledge within Europe and beyond: INCOMIMG and OUTGOING.

Mots clés : digital culture, social living spaces, globalised digital economies, responsive sensor, technologies, smart manufacturing, individualized health care, future quantum systems

Participants :
- University of Siegen (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 1765440.0 €