Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SoMoPro 3 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : CLOSED

SoMoPro 3 is an innovated regional fellowship programme building on its two predecessors, SoMoPro (2009–2013) and SoMoPro II (2012–2017). The program was established in 2009 after a successful application to the COFUND scheme. Since then 4 calls for proposals have been open: in 2009, 2010 and 2012, 2013 with 53 fellowships funded. The objective of this application is to launch 2 more calls and support 20 more fellows. SoMoPro 3 incorporates main features of MSCA and offers incoming researchers attractive conditions and environment (e.g. state-of-the-art equipment in newly build infrastructures). Its aim is to foster international mobility, attract high-quality researchers, provide them training and career development and boost the growing innovation activities in the South Moravian Region. The programme combines extensive experience enriched with new qualitative features – research topics in line with domains defined in regional S3 (while emphasising interdisciplinary approaches), closer interaction with key industrial players based in the region (offering researchers an opportunity to gain intersectoral experience) and modified administrative procedures (to allow greater flexibility and decrease the administrative burden). The reason to apply for another COFUND is not only the financial contribution which will enable to fund the fellows (as there is no such funding available on the Czech national level). It is also the fact that it increases international recognition of the programme and provides a well known “mark of quality”. It is for the benefit of the researchers, who become Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellows, of the regional host institutions, which profit from hosting high-quality researchers as well as of the region itself as it profits from interaction between high-quality researchers and key industrial players.

Mots clés : regional fellowship programme, smart specialisation strategy, research domains, exploiting synergies, centres of excellence, research training, triple  i  dimension

Participants :
- Region of south moravia (Rép. Tchèque) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 1829000.0 €
Projet Shaping the conflict (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Social and academic inquiry on post-conflict societies has focused on victims and perpetrators with a recent interest in forensic specialists as expert witnesses. Yet the way forensic knowledge about life, death, bodies and evidence impacts on our understanding of conflict and violence has been overlooked. Two reasons for this are that forensic knowledge is: 1) mainly seen as a practice that produces neutral scientific evidence; 2) mostly considered part of the judicial system (helping to solve crime and administering justice), leaving the recent work of humanitarian forensics (identifying victims of war with no intention at judicialising perpetrators) unattended. Through an ethnographic approach to the forensic process of identification I will examine how judicial and humanitarian forensic experts’ differentiated knowledge co-shape accounts of conflict and violence. And in a context of transitional justice, they give format to actions towards victims’ reparation and the administration of justice. I will address these issues through the case study of the ongoing Colombian (post-)conflict. Its multifaceted characteristics and the fact that currently, humanitarian and judicial forensic experts are both, yet separately trying to account for the conflict, provides a rich case, potentially contributing to the study of violence and conflict elsewhere. This project relies on conceptual frameworks from the anthropology of science, social studies of forensics, and transitional justice studies. It combines research tools of these areas with some of critical design. Outcomes include an exhibition showcasing results, a workshop with multiple audiences, and written pieces. This proposal includes the transfer of knowledge to the host institution and my training in advanced techniques and theories in (co)supervision of graduate students, in teaching abilities, and outreach activities. All activities will maximise my future employability as a scholar in the European research area.

Mots clés : forensic specialists  knowledge, world making practices, forensic turn, conflict and post conflict, transitional justice

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet SAMA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Social and political debates have repeatedly shown that we are now in a new religious era primarily marked by diversity. The religious diversity of European society – and in particular the visibility of Muslims in the public space – reveals that the geographical space is a key factor in the study of anti-Muslim discrimination. Indeed, Islamophobia is very much present and has intensified especially since the armed attack of Charlie Hebdo publishing offices (a French satirical magazine) in January 2015. By analysing the spatial effects of Islamophobia, we seek to more effectively assess the impact of Muslim presence throughout European society, and in particular in France and United Kingdom. More exactly in the SAMA project, I will identify the spaces where anti-Muslim acts have occurred, the spatial practices and the scales of belonging of these discriminated people, and the intersectional dimension of Islamophobia in both the Greater Paris and Greater London regions. In addition to recording the highest levels of anti-Muslim acts , these conurbations are also “socio-spatial laboratories” that offer a useful context for exploring and understanding the dynamics that revolve around religious discrimination. To do this, the researcher - Dr Kawtar NAJIB - is moving from France to Newcastle University in United Kingdom in order to undertake a research on “spaces of anti-Muslim acts in the Greater Paris and Greater London regions”. This project will offer significant insights for the fight against racism and hate crimes in Europe. The researcher will gain research expertise in Islamophobia, social geographies, inter-European comparative research and GIS (Geographical Information Systems).

Mots clés : spaces, islamophobia, discrimination, anti muslim, paris, london

Participants :
- Newcastle University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet INCLUDED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Social inclusion of socioeconomically disadvantaged youth with diverse cultural backgrounds is one of the major and urgent challenges European societies face today as addressed in several Horizon 2020 policy documents. Social inclusion of disadvantaged youth can be supported by improving their digital media literacy and intercultural competence because (1) they require digital skills to be able to economically, culturally and socially participate in today’s high mediatized societies; (2) intercultural competences is key for everyone in the migration society for increasing social cohesion of people of diverse backgrounds. INCLUDED develops an innovative integrated approach to digital media literacy and intercultural competence arguing that they can mutually support each other. Existing research on digital inclusion points out to inequalities in relation to gender, socio-economic and cultural backgrounds, but fails to provide contextualised analyses of the dynamics behind these inequalities and does not sufficiently address the role of schools for improving digital skills of socioeconomically disadvantaged youth in the urban migration society. INCLUDED aims to fill these gaps through an in-depth analysis of digital media use of disadvantaged youth in a school located in a poor migrant neighbourhood. INCLUDED will also develop a participatory action by designing and applying teaching modules for intercultural digital media education together with teachers. The researcher worked extensively on the digital media use of migrants. Through INCLUDED, she will practice the engaged approach of Participatory Action Research and boost her expertise in Intercultural Education, a key field for supporting the social inclusion in the migration society. INCLUDED will be hosted by the University of Bremen; supervised by the Faculty of Pedagogy and Educational Sciences, a pioneer in Intercultural Education and co-supervised by Center for Media, Communication and Information Research.

Mots clés : digital media literacy, digital inclusion

Participants :
- University of Bremen (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 174806.4 €
Projet WASSUP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Social insects exemplify a major transition in evolution and show how cooperative organisms can reach higher levels of social organization. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular regulation that drives the behavioural transitions in wasps, I will perform WASSUP. This project will integrate proximate mechanisms to the evolution of wasp sociality, by studying the ancestral origins of pre-social behaviour, and its importance at the very early stages of sociality. The molecular mechanisms underpinning the nest cycles in solitary species provide mechanistic basis for the evolution of division of labour in social wasps and progressive provisioning as a preadaptation to maternal care. WASSUP will focus in Ammophila solitary wasps to explore this molecular basis of behavioural and evolutionary transitions. Based on the genome, transcriptome, and chemosensory machinery basis of key species, I will compare genomic traits of mass and progressive provisioning and test the hypothesis that progressive provisioning is a precursor to maternal care. Specifically, I predict that the molecular processes specific to progressive provisioning (as opposed to mass provisioning) will also be important in regulating foraging behaviour in eusocial species, especially those that represent the first stages of social evolution (e.g. Polistes). I will test functionality of any key genes regulating the provisioning behaviours using RNAi. WASSUP will help to understand the ancestral origins of pre-social behaviour and how division of labour evolved and how is regulated. Prof. Sumner’s lab provides expertise and training in the model species, molecular biology methods and bioinformatics; I bring to this my expertise in chemical, behavioural ecology, and evolution of wasps. With MSCA fellowship, I will benefit from the complementary expertise from the lab. This fellowship will be instrumental in equipping me to be a world-class scientist and develop my own independent line of research.

Mots clés : behaviour, genomics, transcriptomics, wasp, social insects

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet MICOCO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Soil microbial communities hold sway over numerous processes upon which we depend, driving the cycling of elements which sustain life, but also compromising food security and human health. Understanding the mechanisms driving existing soil microbial community diversity and function across disparate climates and ecological communities is key in order to determine future ecosystem responses to global change. Although studies aiming to characterise soil microbes are increasing in their scope, they will only capture the multifaceted interaction between diverse microbial communities if they measure the effects of above ground plant communities and the abiotic environment, when measured at appropriate scales across landscapes. The proposed MICOCO project will address these shortfalls to achieve the following objectives: [1] Determine the relative contribution of above ground plant community and soil abiotic conditions to SMC diversity and composition; [2] Determine how climate influences microbial community turnover at varying spatial scales; [3] Reveal the relative effects of microclimate, microbe-microbe associations, and microbe-plant associations on microbial function. These objectives will be achieved using novel datasets built on the latest techniques in the sampling of environmental DNA (eDNA). These were collected at local scales (1-100m) in an innovative climate controlled mesocosm, and at landscape scales (100m->100km) as part of pioneering national surveys of soils. Cutting edge modelling techniques will be used to generate microclimate measures, and the latest Joint Species Distribution Models will determine association patterns within soil microbial communities, coupled with functional trait databases to identify plant pathogens and appropriately infer interactions. MICOCO will thus help to reveal microbial community and species level responses to changes in climate, and improve our understand of the effects of global change on their functioning.

Mots clés : metabarcoding, edna, microclimate, associations

Participants :
- University of Exeter (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 212933.76 €
Projet InBPSOC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Soil organic carbon (SOC) constitutes the largest C stocks in the terrestrial ecosystems, playing critical roles in maintaining agricultural sustainability and in potentially mitigating climate change. However, there is a potential conflict between SOC storage and agricultural activities, since many traditional intensive cultivation methods have led to significant reductions in SOC storage. In this project, we will investigate the effects and driving mechanisms of innovative cropping systems on biomass production and SOC stocks simultaneously based on ongoing long-term unique field experiments on innovative cropping systems available at the host department. Multiple research methods will be utilized in this project, including data mining of long-term data records, inverse modelling and soil incubation, meta-analysis, and structure equation modelling. Our key objective is developing innovative cropping systems that allow to protect and increase SOC stocks while increasing biomass production under climate change. Results from the current study will provide crucial information for policy developments and will contribute to the development of sustainable cropping systems for farmers of the future.

Mots clés : biomass production, soil carbon stocks, innovative cropping systems, climate change, soil incubation, inverse modeling, structure equation modeling, meta analysis, extracellular enzymes

Participants :
- Aarhus University (Danemark) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 219312.0 €
Projet IMagE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Solar brightness varies at all measured timescales and wavelengths, and can affect terrestrial atmosphere and climate. Variations on timescales longer than a day are driven by the solar surface magnetic activity. Solar magnetic field modifies the structure of the solar atmosphere and its radiative properties, appearing at the surface as dark spots and bright faculae. These features continuously evolve with time and modulate solar brightness. Although significant progress has been made in modeling solar brightness variations, their amplitude in the ultraviolet (UV) range remains controversial. IMagE aims at resolving this controversy. A crucial ingredient of the irradiance models are brightness spectra of the various magnetic components. Spectra that have been used until now relied on a number of simplifications that are not valid in the UV. To properly account for the physical mechanisms which influence the solar variability in the UV, including the line blanketing and departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), non-LTE computations of spectra from realistic 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) atmospheres are needed. This is computationally extremely challenging. IMagE will exploit state-of-the-art MHD and radiative transfer simulations to device a method for efficient, yet accurate, synthesis of the non-LTE brightness spectra of the different magnetic components. This method will be validated against high spatial resolution observations of the Sun. Incorporation of the spectra computed with this method in the physics-based irradiance models will lead to a breakthrough in our understanding of the solar UV irradiance variability. The grid of non-LTE spectra for different magnetic field strengths and solar disc positions produced within IMagE can also be used to analyze the data from future missions, for instance SUNRISE III and the maiden Indian solar mission Aditya-L1.

Mots clés : solar atmosphere, radiative transfer, high resolution solar imaging, solar activity, solar variability, solar terrestrial relations

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet MatchForSolar (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Solar energy is one of the most abundant and renewable energy sources that have minimum harmful impact on the environment compare to other sources like fossil or nuclear energies. An ideal solar cell requires low-cost, trouble-free, abundant material resources with good stability and high power conversion efficiency, also competent to integrate into large area. More recently, a research interest from the photovoltaic community has concentrated on organic–inorganic halide perovskites and nowadays perovskite solar cells represent an emerging photovoltaic technology. These ambipolar semiconductors have attracted increasing attention due to their easy fabrication process and unique physicochemical properties like small band-gaps and high carrier mobility. The inherent and unique physicochemical properties of perovskites are dependent on a variety of factors, including chemical composition, homogeneity, crystallinity and grain size-dispersion. All these factors are largely determined by the synthetic procedures used and sustained efforts have gone into the development of new efficient methods for perovskite preparation. Recently, chemical transformations driven by mechanical forces have appeared as a new emerging methodology in materials science. The mechanochemical reactions in solid state offer a significant advance by avoid the use of solvent, dramatically shortening synthesis times and simultaneously increasing the purity and amount of product. The main goal of this proposal is to develop mechanochemical methods for the preparation of a variety of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites and their composites with metal oxides nanoparticles. Integral part of the proposal will be the fully physicochemical characterization and determination the stability in complex conditions of temperature and humidity for the resulted perovskite materials. Finally, these materials will be utilized and investigated as light-absorbing materials to fabricate solar cells.

Mots clés : photovoltaic, mechanochemistry

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 131564.7 €
Projet SMARTCELL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Solar photovoltaics (PV) is a leading candidate for the renewable, carbon-free electricity generation with both the scalability and technological maturity to meet the ever-growing global demand for energy. While PV module costs continue to decline rapidly, further system-level cost reductions will require lightweight, sustainable, and flexible module designs that are still inaccessible with today’s mainstream technologies. SMARTCELL proposes an innovative PV technology based on zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), an earth-abundant, low-cost, direct bandgap semiconductor for development of novel ultra-thin solar cells. SMARTCELL will implement novel technological solutions based on advanced nanofabrication methods for synthesis of high crystal quality zinc phosphide, which together with design and optimization of the device interfaces and the cell architecture will lead to achievement of a challenging increase in the device efficiency of up to 15 % at the cell level. These efficiencies will allow initiating the transfer of zinc phosphide based solar cells to pre-industrial stages and give SMARTCELL the opportunity to demonstrate scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally-friendly ultrathin-film PV technology. The working principle of SMARTCELL is based on a holistic interplay between first-principle calculations, synthesis conditions, and atomic-resolution structural and electronic characterization techniques, which will allow cutting-edge engineering of absorber properties, as well as the design of the solar cell architectures. Moreover, an integrated, flexible methodology will keep this target breakthrough in sight. Finally, SMARTCELL has the potential to make a key science-based contribution to energy security, as well as improved societal perception of green energy production.

Mots clés : thin film solar cells, earth abundant materials

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 304724.16 €