Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CLEAN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal is an interdisciplinary research action. The objective of the CLEAN project is to develop a novel endoscopic capsule design and to build a prototype endoscopy system using this capsule, which provides local ablation to the superficial layer of target mucosal tissue with sufficient depth to remove abnormal tissue. However, this depth will be shallow enough to avoid the residual effects of therapy within deeper tissue layers. The specific aims are: Aim-1: To develop a computer modelling to mimic the thermal dynamics of the capsule. It is to characterize the total heat energy needed to successfully ablate the lining layer, an adequate sliding speed along the oesophagus, an adequate therapy time for effective thermal target layer ablation, and the amount of thermal injury induced to the various oesophagus layers. Aim-2: To develop the configuration of the capsule in a computer-aided design program. This original design simply extends the target layer above and away from its underlying layers to achieve a well-confined therapeutic effect by delivering vacuum force. With the confinement of therapeutic effect, it is aimed that deeper tissue structures are partially separated from ablation region. Aim-3: To construct and optimize a prototype-level endoscopy system for pre-clinical ex-vivo tissue trials. A high power, 1380-nm diode laser will be used for the therapeutic photothermal ablation. Aim-4: To investigate the feasibility of the design and to evaluate the performance of the prototype system in ex-vivo sheep oesophagus model. Tissue samples will be collected for histology examination to validate the performance goals of the device.

Mots clés : optical endoscopy, photothermal ablation, device development, barrett s oesophagus

Participants :
- Izmir biyotip ve genom merkezi (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 157355.52 €
Projet CanMetCplxGeom (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This proposal is in the area of complex differential geometry, a prominent field of mathematics. It stands at the intersection of differential and algebraic geometry. The basic objects are manifolds, spaces that locally look like flat space, and vector bundles over them - a collection of vector spaces parametrised by a manifold. In complex differential geometry one seeks optimal notions of distance, so-called canonical metrics. In higher dimensions, canonical metrics may or may not exist. The key question is to determine whether or not a given space has a canonical metric, a very challenging problem. The Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture stands at the heart of this problem, and relates the existence of a solution to algebro-geometric notions of stability. The aim of this research proposal is to give several new constructions of canonical metrics for complex manifolds, holomorphic vector bundles and families of such objects. It also seeks to show connections of the existence of these metrics, a solution to a PDE, with purely algebraic notions, for an equation for families of canonical metrics. This will be approached mainly with techniques from perturbative and variational PDE theory and algebraic geometry, but will also use some computational methods and probability theory. The proposal seeks to develop new techniques for well studied equations, and to apply more well known techniques to new equations, to advance the constructions and the theory of canonical metrics in a major way. The action would give a unique opportunity for a reciprocal transfer of knowledge as part of a prominent research group in the field, whose research focus and strengths differ from that of the ER. It would provide the ER with the independence needed to form his own research group in the future, and expand the ER's academic network through new connections. Though currently working in Europe, the ER was previously in North America. The fellowship would allow the ER to remain within the EU.

Mots clés : k hler geometry, geometric analysis

Participants :
- University of Gothenburg (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 203852.16 €
Projet Hi-FrED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal promotes a research program in quantum nano-photonics to be carried out by dr T. Jakubczyk. It aimes at achieving high frequency of generation and detection of spin-spin entanglement in spatially separated nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. While current photon collection efficiencies (few per cent) and entanglement rates (approx. one entanglement event per minute) may be sufficient for proof-of-principle experiments, they need to be greatly improved for the implementation of practical quantum networks. The project builts on a recent progress achieved in the host institution in the deterministic cavity-assisted enhancement of the coherent photon emission rate of NV centers embedded in a diamond membrane. The increase of the decay rate results in enhanced radiative efficiency and makes the emission robust against dephasing enhancing the photon indistinguishability and boosting the photon extraction efficiency. The aim of the project is to establish the NV center as spin- and optically- coherent, specifically by decreasing the linewidth broadening resulting from the minimal necessary processing of the diamond crystal and introducing significant improvements to the cavity. The estimated resulting spin-spin entanglement rates are in the Mhz-range. The projects opens new ways of studying complex and non-trivial phenomena resulting from the enhanced light-matter coupling in the NV center and in other quantum emitters. Success of this project may provide a route to the realisation of scalable quantum computers based on optical networks of electronic and nuclear spins.

Mots clés : nitrogen vacancy centers, open cavities, spin, entanglement

Participants :
- University of Basel (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187419.6 €
Projet C-mapER (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal revolves around two specific questions: 1) to what extent multidisciplinary strategies to improve energy performance of existing buildings and neighbourhoods can be integrated; and 2) how this integration can bring technology and sustainable redevelopment of existing buildings together. It aims to develop an innovative learning platform for Knowledge Integration in Energy Retrofit (C-mapER) to develop the skills to manage complexity inherent in retrofit projects. An alternative method and an associated platform to evaluate and manage complexity, through a novel application of meaningful learning activities in designing technological solutions for energy retrofit, is the main vehicle.The objectives are to: 1) develop a conceptual framework of the key concepts and relationships that influence Energy Retrofit projects in workpackage 1 (WP1), 2) develop the beta version of the platform (WP2); and 3) test, refine, verify and disseminate the platform (WP3).The ultimate goal is to revolutionalise the traditional approach to educating future professionals, which is currently based on rote learning. This study will deliver an innovative learning platform and approach to develop practitioners who are well-placed to improve the energy performance of existing buildings through inter-disciplinary collaboration. The platform will address the lack of programs dedicated to interdisciplinary education, which helps develop the capacity to transfer information and knowledge between disciplinary boundaries and to deal with the tensions between social, economic, environmental and technological dimensions of sustainability. The outputs can be exploited at different levels within higher education sectors and professional development. By doing so, and in accordance with the main topic of the Marie Curie Individual Fellowship Action, new opportunities for developing the candidate’s career at the international level are created. It is anticipated that this Fellowship will create opportunities for inter-disciplinary teaching both within the host Faculty, across Oxford Brookes University, and beyond. It therefore has the potential to become a showcase exemplifying how research and teaching can be inter-linked.

Mots clés : design education, integrated project, existing building stock, energy performance, information processing, cognitive approach, meaningful learning activities, c mapping software

Participants :
- Oxford Brookes University (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MEDLAND_HORN.AFRICA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal will study the territory and the material remains of the Sultanate of Adal, a state which during the 15th-16th centuries controlled much of what it’s now Somalia and southern Ethiopia, organizing the international trade routes in the region and challenging the power of the Christian kingdom of Abyssinia until its collapse by the end of the 16th century. The history of this state is partially known through written sources, but has never been investigated from an archaeological point of view. This project will analyse how the different communities living in the Adal sultanate (nomads, urban dwellers, international traders) built a shared, cultural landscape and integrated it in one of the most successful trade networks in the world. Following a Landscape Archaeology perspective and using an innovative combination of methodologies and research strategies supported by GIS analytic tools, the project will present alternative interpretations to some of the most important topics in African archaeology: processes of urbanization, relationships between nomads and urban dwellers and continental and international trade routes. Beyond the study of a single archaeological case, the project will address key questions related to current challenges in the region and many other places throughout the world: episodes of religious conversion, environmental stress and climatic change; and will support the existing initiatives to preserve the archaeological and cultural heritage in the Horn of Africa.

Mots clés : african archaeology, horn of africa history, archaeology of territory, trade networks, somalia, medieval archaeology, archaeology of state

Participants :
- Spanish National Research Council (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 170121.6 €
Projet NanoOxySens (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposed Fellowship brings together an Experienced Researcher from India with expertise in the synthesis of photosensitizers and their photophysical characterization, tuning the excited-state properties, investigation of their photophysics and photobiology with an internationally recognized Host Laboratory in France with expertise in designing fluorescent molecular and nanoparticle probes for bioimaging. This project will provide (i) interdisciplinary training of highest quality to become an outstanding scientist with excellent publication record; (ii) enhance European excellence in organic synthesis, nanosciences and biophotonics. The aim of the research project is to obtain ratiometric probes for molecular oxygen based on biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) bearing far-red/near-infrared absorbing triplet sensitizers such as aza-BODIPYs, porphyrins and corresponding metal complexes. The project involves the synthesis of phosphorescent dyes (aza-BODIPY/porphyrins) and formulation of polymeric NPs encapsulating these dyes. The development of ultra-bright polymer nanoparticles, an innovative method recently discovered in the Host Laboratory, will enable the development of novel dual emissive polymeric NPs with the triplet sensitizers. In our design, fluorescent NPs excite triplet sensitizers through energy transfer (FRET), resulting in dual emission: fluorescence of NPs and phosphoresce of the sensitizer. Only phosphorescence of FRET acceptor is sensitive to molecular oxygen (3O2), which provides the mechanism of dual colour ratiometric response to oxygen. The approach will be further validated in solutions and in living cells. The obtained nanoprobes for oxygen will be applied to living cell and (in collaboration) to whole animals. It is our strong conviction that the possibilities of this multidisciplinary chemistry are enormous, and the end result will be the development of a simple nano-device for molecular oxygen build from biodegradable materials.

Mots clés : polymeric nanoparticles, triplet sensitizers, fret, molecular oxygen, ratiometric detection

Participants :
- Université de Strasbourg (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet REGPROP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposed research is in mathematical logic and foundations of mathematics, more specifically in set theory. It is motivated by the interplay between regularity properties and definability for subsets of real numbers. By "regularity properties" we are referring to certain desirable properties of sets, and by "definability" to the logical description of such sets, in the sense of Descriptive Set Theory. The study of such questions goes back to classical issues in topology, analysis and related fields of mathematics, raised by the great pioneers of abstract mathematics of the late 19th and early 20th century, such as Georg Cantor, Emile Borel, Henri Lebesgue and others. These mathematicians were faced with seemingly insurmountable challenges which could only be resolved later with the advent of logical and meta-mathematical methods, developed by Kurt Gödel in 1938 and by Paul Cohen in 1964. Since that time, the study of Regularity Properties has continued to hold a central position in the foundations of mathematics. Many mathematicians and logicians of high status and prestige have contributed to this area, among them W. Hugh Woodin (winner of the Hausdorff Medal 2013), Stevo Todorčević (winner of the CRM-Fields-PIMS prize 2012) and Saharon Shelah (winner of numerous awards, among them the Erdös Prize 1977 and the Karp Prize 1983). We propose to contribute to this line of research in a number of interrelated directions, such as: studying new regularity properties (relevant to other fields of mathematics), developing abstract frameworks for such properties, studying higher complexity classes, and generalising results to spaces other than the classical real numbers. Several technical results involving the method of "forcing" needed to construct models of set theory, will also be worked out along the way.

Mots clés : set theory, mathematical logic, descriptive set theory, regularity properties, forcing

Participants :
- Universität Hamburg (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet ENTRUST (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research action is coordinated by AMPHOS21 Consulting S.L. (AMPHOS21) located in Barcelona, Spain, in collaboration with Stanford University's Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC). It is motivated by the general question of how to manage in the long term the growing stocks of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level radioactive waste (HLW) produced at commercial power plants in a context of uncertain transitions and persisting societal concerns over nuclear energy technologies. A new approach will be developed that merges three academically separated but intellectually related and complementary research strands in the holistic study of nuclear energy systems: Integrated Assessment, Nuclear Waste Management, and Science for Governance. Our aims are i) to combine the research perspectives of the Partners to define a theory for the holistic study of nuclear waste management (NWM) systems aimed at building public trust; ii) to develop an analytical framework as a methodological body for the participatory quantitative story telling of NWM strategies and policies and test it as part of CISAC’s "Reset of U.S. Nuclear Waste Management Policy" initiative; and iii) to complete an integrated analysis of NWM policies in the United States (US) and selected European Union (EU) countries, and subsequently develop a strategy at EU level.

Mots clés : nuclear waste management, radioactive waste, energy systems, integrated assessment, modeling, multi criteria analysis, narrative analysis, science for governance, policy support, public trust

Participants :
- Amphos 21 (Spain) (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 257191.2 €
- Stanford University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet InviCitRom (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research addresses the question why the position of Roma in Europe keeps deteriorating despite all the (inter)national efforts put into its improvement. Roma persist as the main targets of ethnic discrimination and are faced by severe socio-economic inequalities throughout Europe. This project recognizes the urgent need to readdress the position of Roma at the times, when most of the programmes for their integration are nearing its conclusion (such as the Decade for Roma Inclusion 2005-2015) and when their intra-European mobility is being particularly problematized. By employing interdisciplinary quantitative and qualitative methodology and theoretical conceptualizations from the perspective of citizenship studies, this project aims to offer a novel insight on the position of Roma in Europe. The project investigates different dimensions of citizenship (rights, dimensions, belonging) in order to show that Roma are not an exception or a minority that simply ‘does not fit’ and is hence excluded from society. I seek to develop a new theoretical perspective to support the above claim: I argue that there are certain institutional mechanisms, that I call as invisible edges of citizenship involved in the production of the marginalization of Romani minorities in all European states where they reside either as citizens or migrants. Instead of only offering selected case studies, this research aims to offer a cross-country comparative analysis of citizenship and minority acts as well as Roma National Strategies and the experience of Romani individuals themselves with the invisible edges of citizenship. The results of this research will be relevant both for academics as well as policy makers: I will prepare a cross-country database on approaches to minority protection and major challenges connected to the position of Roma, 2 journal articles and a book manuscript.

Mots clés : roma, citizenship, minority rights, europe, ethnicity, migration

Participants :
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160800.0 €
Projet FMGESI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research aims to explore the situation of refugee-workers in the global economy and its implications for their everyday life. The forced migrant is usually seen as a person who receives aid rather than one who participates in economic production in the host country. Nevertheless, there are many studies which demonstrate the positive role of the refugees in the national economy of the host country. However, these usually focus on the role of the refugees entrepreneurs or other ‘elites’, thereby ignoring refugee-workers and their position in the global economy. As such, we could ask what role does refugee-workers play in the global economy? How does their position in this economy impact their everyday lives and thus their future plans? These are the orienting questions for the proposed research. The approach is as follows: First, we will conduct an analysis of the city and its borders. Second, an analysis of the workers’ situation. Finally we will explore in-depth the situation of refugee-workers by undertaking an explorative case study; Syrian refugee-workers in Istanbul. Here, we will use a qualitative approach with in-depth semi-structured interviews. We chose Istanbul because Turkey's economic policy makes it one of the biggest suppliers of textiles to Europe. It is also the country with the highest number of refugees in the world. Most of these are Syrian, and the biggest number of them reside in Istanbul. This research will make a great contribution toward two of the most relevant issues in the horizon 2018-2020 work program; societal resilience and market creation innovation. It will provide a better understanding and useful recommendations for policymakers on how to manage forced migration, with ‘sustainable development goals’ related to the integration of the refugees in their host society and economy. Furthermore, gender is at the heart of this view, since forced migration is usually accompanied by extreme changes in social roles, especially for women.

Mots clés : forced migration, globalization, global economy, industrial relocation, gender

Participants :
- University of Granada (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €