Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NanoERA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The nanoform of Iron Oxide (n-Fe2O3) is a large-volume substance used in pigments. Nanoscale Fe2O3 pigments are used to a significant extent in consumer products such as household appliances made of coloured plastic composites. This application implies high probability of n-Fe2O3 release into the aquatic environment (especially during end-of-life processing of the plastics), where n-Fe2O3 may pose risks to freshwater and sediment organisms. Presently, very little is known about the biological interactions and the ecological risks of n-Fe2O3, as the available information addresses only short-term effects of pristine n-Fe2O3. Therefore, the goal of NanoERA is to develop concepts and methods, and to generate data to predict the long-term ecological effects and risks of n-Fe2O3 (fragments) released from end-of-life processing of a coloured plastic composite into the aquatic environment and to compare them to the pristine n-Fe2O3 used to produce the composite. In order to achieve this, the fellow will analyse how the physicochemical properties of the n-Fe2O3 (fragments) change in environmental (i.e. freshwater and sediment) and biological (cell culture) media and how these changes affect the biological interactions of these materials in aquatic organisms. The generated ecotoxicological effects data will be used to derive dose-response relationships and to quantitatively estimate the long-term ecological risks of the n-Fe2O3 (fragments). In the process of achieving the NanoERA scientific objectives the Marie Curie fellow will obtain training in transferable and technical skills. The fellow’s qualification match very well to the research programme, which promises that NanoERA will produce excellent scientific results, which will be broadly disseminated to achieve significant and long-lasting impact on the European objectives for safe and responsible nanoinnovation.

Mots clés : long term environmental risk assessment, environmental fate, engineered nanomaterials, aquatic environment

Participants :
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet DarkGAMBIT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The nature of dark matter (DM) is arguably the biggest mystery in fundamental physics. Many experimental efforts are underway which aim to detect this elusive matter and measure its properties, using a wide variety of techniques, however to make full use of this data a combined statistical analysis must be performed which makes use of the data from all these experiments simultaneously, and compares this data to the predictions of many different theories while including all uncertainties, correlations and theoretical nuances self-consistently. Analyses of this kind are known as "global fits". I propose to use a newly developed, open-source global-fitting tool called GAMBIT to perform the largest and most robust combined statistical analysis of DM data to date. To do this I will extend the capabilities of GAMBIT to allow it to work with a class of models known as "effective theories" which efficiently parameterise the degrees of freedom relevant to experiments at a particular energy scale, so that a global fit can be performed in a fully model-independent way. This will require several connected layers of effective theory to be utilised, to account for the different energy scales involved in the diverse set of DM experiments currently underway. The project is highly interdisciplinary and makes use of recent theoretical developments and experimental results in high energy physics, particle astrophysics, astronomy, nuclear physics, and computational statistics. The proposal will generate a transfer of knowledge to the host institution while developing the candidate's theoretical expertise in new directions, particularly particle astrophysics. The results of the project will be of wide use to the dark matter community, both in terms of direct analysis results and via the development of open-source computational tools for use in future analyses, and will provide robust guidance to experimentalists as to which dark matter candidates are the most promising.

Mots clés : dark matter direct detection, effective field theories, statistical analysis, global fits

Participants :
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ReconTEP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The need for a competent teaching force as a warrant for high quality education remains a central concern in many countries. Paradoxically, research focusing directly on the professional knowledge of teacher educators remains scarce. The implicit assumption is that a teacher educator simply teaches (his/her subject) in higher education and that teaching novice teachers does not require any additional preparation or expertise. As a result, a research-based understanding of teacher educators' professionalism is missing. This project addresses this knowledge gap and focuses on how teacher educators make sense of their work and enact their expertise. More specifically, we will study the content of teacher educators’ professionalism by looking at how it actually operates in practice. Drawing on positioning theory, we frame teacher education practices as discursive practices in which teacher educators position both themselves and their student teachers in particular ways. These positionings strongly impact student teachers' (possibilities for) learning. Data collection includes videotaping of teacher education practices, biographical interviews (with teacher educators), questionnaires (with student teachers), and document analysis. This project will result in a systematic conceptualization of teacher educators' professionalism which is new to the field and offers a strong basis for future research. Results will also have direct knowledge utilization purposes for teacher educators themselves by opening powerful perspectives for them to understand possible threats to the effectiveness of their practice and actively work towards its improvement.

Mots clés : teacher educator, teacher education, professionalism, positioning theory, qualitative research, narrative inquriy

Participants :
- University of East London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet NADIA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The need for area selective deposition (ASD): Nanoscale patterning of materials is becoming a key issue for a broad range of devices, especially in the back end of line (BEOL). With the introduction of Intel’s latest 10nm node earlier this year, it is vital to develop new ways to master selective deposition of materials at the nanoscale, preferably without the use of lithographic and etching steps, as they can be time-consuming, expensive and mainly subtractive processes. Novel concepts are thus needed to enhance local deposition while decreasing the use of expensive technological steps. Selective deposition is expected to lead to a paradigm shift in patterning at future semiconductor technology nodes. Area Selective Deposition (ASD) by ALD brings several potential benefits for future device processing and provides a route to overcome process integration challenges at the sub 10 nm nodes, i.e. overlay and lithographic misalignment related issues both in the front end of line (FEOL) and back end of line (BEOL) schemes. Essentially, what ASD gives is spatial control over a deposited thin film. This is the objective of the innovative NADIA proposal which is now a very relevant topic.

Mots clés : self assembled monolayers  sam, area selective deposition  asd, atomic layer etch, ale, nanoelectronics, nano patterning, cyclic passivation, 10nm technology node, interconnects, back end of line  beol

Participants :
- IMEC (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 178320.0 €
Projet NTON (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the gatekeeper of the nucleus that regulates the flow of all molecules across the nuclear envelope. Remarkably, this ~40 nm wide pore is capable of efficient and fast transport while remaining highly selective. Its dense central channel is composed of a highly dynamic spaghetti-like mesh of intrinsically disordered proteins that allows small molecules to pass freely, whereas large macromolecules (>40 kDa) rely on specific transporter proteins that ferry their cargo across the pore. Even though various models have been proposed, the fundamental biophysical mechanism of nuclear transport and of the selectivity of the NPC has not been resolved yet. One of the main reasons that have hindered our progress in understanding nuclear transport is the lack of experimental techniques that can probe the structure and dynamics of the disordered proteins and transport receptors inside the NPC channel and during transport with sufficient spatiotemporal resolution. In the proposed action, I aim to establish a modifiable biomimetic platform for single-molecule investigations of nuclear transport. This interdisciplinary and innovative approach combines solid-state nanopores, coated with disordered proteins to mimic the nuclear pore, with optical detection in zero-mode waveguides and DNA origami nanotechnology. The proposed experiments will allow to monitor the translocation of single fluorescently labelled molecules through biomimetic NPCs with excellent sensitivity and specificity. I will use this platform to elucidate the biophysical principles that underlie the structure and selectivity of the NPC channel and the mechanism of active nuclear transport. The direct insights on the single-molecule level obtained by the results of this project will be crucial for our understanding of the molecular principles that govern nuclear transport.

Mots clés : nanopores, single molecule, fluorescence, fret, intrinsic disorder, fluorescence spectroscopy

Participants :
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175572.48 €
Projet SPanD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The number distribution of stars by mass in a stellar system, at birth, is given by the initial mass function (IMF). The IMF not only regulates the chemical enrichment of a galaxy, but it also determines its spectrum and the mass scale. Moreover, it is the bridge between the physics and properties of individual stars and the light that we observe from distant galaxies. Therefore, the IMF constitutes a fundamental piece in modern Astrophysics. Since the pioneers works suggested an invariant IMF in all star-forming systems, the universality of the IMF has been a common assumption in every extra-galactic study over the last 50 years. However, recent claims of IMF variations in nearby massive galaxies have challenged this standard picture. The Stellar Populations and Dynamical (SPanD) project aims to perform critical study of these IMF variations, by combining both stellar populations and dynamical techniques to derive the IMF in nearby and high-redshift objects. Given the strong dependence of most of the astronomical observables on the IMF, a comprehensive IMF analysis as proposed in SPanD is crucial to better understand our observations, and ultimately, to understand how galaxies have formed and evolved.

Mots clés : galaxies formation galaxies evolution galaxies stellar populations galaxies dynamics

Participants :
- Max Planck Society (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 239860.8 €
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet RAMEN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The objective of RAMan spectroscopy for tracking Exosome based delivery of Nutraceuticals (RAMEN), is to design nanometer sized intestine targeted iron supplement delivery vehicles, based on milk derived exosomes to efficiently address anaemia prevalent among 614 million women and 200 million children worldwide. Specifically, enterocytes, which are cells responsible for iron absorption (receptor mediated endocytosis) and conversion to usable forms in the body, will be targeted, and the exosomes will be functionalised with cell penetrating peptides to circumvent endocytosis, facilitating direct delivery of the iron supplement to the cytosol. The direct delivery we hypothesise will help improve iron supplementation at low doses with minimum side effects and in cases with reduced expression of uptake receptors. This uptake by enterocytes will be tracked using Raman spectroscopy, a label-free live cell technique, observing the molecular signatures of exosomes and the changes in the signature of iron supplements, after delivery and conversion to usable forms in cells and animal free in vitro intestine model. This project will be implemented by Dr Sounderya Nagarajan (ER), who has expertise in functional nanoparticles for in vitro targeted bioimaging, under the supervision of Prof. Hugh J. Byrne (FOCAS Research Institute), who is an expert in Raman spectroscopy for cytological studies and drug delivery analyses in collaboration with Prof. David Brayden (University College Dublin) who is an expert in industry standard in vitro intestinal models. The fellowship will expand the skills of the ER in designing cell specific nanomedical/supplement delivery and label free monitoring techniques and her understanding of IP protection and project management, towards establishing herself as an independent principal investigator.

Mots clés : exosomes, nutraceuticals, nanoparticles cell penetrating peptides, supplement delivery, raman spectroscopy, live cells, intestinal model

Participants :
- Technological University Dublin (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196590.72 €
Projet StaMACS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The objective of StaMACS is to uncover the dynamics of an active and loosely packed magnetic colloidal crystal. This system will consist of repulsive paramagnetic particles immersed in a bath of light-driven bacteria. We will have two independent ways to tune the interactions: 1) An external magnetic field will control the strength of the dipolar repulsion between colloids. 2) The intensity of light will control the motility of bacteria and thus the particle’s induced activity, both locally and globally. By combining experiments with simulations and theoretical analysis, we will reach a general understanding of this system’s dynamics, study its melting and crystallization transitions and examine how a local change in activity propagates throughout the crystal. Our findings will unveil the properties of a novel out-of-equilibrium system: an active colloidal solid. Furthermore, this work will stimulate theoretical investigation related to the kinetics of such systems, with strong implications on understanding the fundamental process of crystallization in the presence of activity. By a two-way transfer of knowledge, StaMACS will bring numerous mutual benefits to both the researcher and the host institution. Its results will represent a major contribution to the soft and active matter field with direct applications in physics, biology and material science. Descriptors: Active Matter, Soft Matter, Statistical Mechanics, Magnetic Colloids

Mots clés : active matter, soft matter, statistical mechanics, magnetic colloids

Participants :
- Sapienza University of Rome (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet UQ4ORC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The objective of the present proposal is to advance the state of the art of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) to assist Europe achieve its goal for energy sustainability. Current ORC design methods rely on numerical models that use inaccurate assumptions and neglect variable operating conditions. Hence, the specific goal, of this proposal, is to develop advance engineering tools to characterize and minimize the impact of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties during the design phase of ORC based machines. The first part of the project targets the integration of uncertainty quantification techniques with: 1) thermodynamic model of an ORC cycle and; 2) aerodynamic model of the turbine. The objective is to provide performance predictions with confidence margins that facilitate reliable design decisions. The numerical results will be validated with data from a new ORC facility at TU Delft. Additionally, innovative Bayesian inference techniques will use experimental data to infer the confidence margins of the parameters used in the model. The second phase aims to quantify the impact of a variable heat sources in the performance of the cycle and its consequent effect on the aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine. With an accurate prediction of the probabilistic density function of the turbine’s boundary conditions, robust optimization method will be developed to maximize the turbine’s performance over the complete operational range. All the tools will be developed in open access to foster academic collaboration and motivate engineers to consider and minimize uncertainties in the early design phase of energy systems.

Mots clés : organic rankine cycles, turbines, uncertainty quantification, bayesian inference, thermodynamic model, robust aerodynamic design

Participants :
- Delft University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet RTHRIEL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The objective of the present research proposal is to outline a general theory of the rhyme which might fully explain the meaning of such a device, filling a very significant gap in metrics and literary theory. The research has already started with a forthcoming article and a 3,5 months DAAD scholarship at the Freie Univestität Berlin: the present research proposal aims at developing it into a monograph. The already written chapters concern the general theory (1-Figurative function of the rhyme; 2-Outlines of a semiotics of the rhyme) and the intertextual implications of the rhyme. The new chapters to be written from scratch will concern: 1) the outlines of a general history of the rhyme (still lacking), from its origins up to the 20th Century; 2) the analysis, from the outlined theoretical perspective, of the main traditional rhyming structures (terzina, ottava, sonetto, canzone etc.) and their significance to the text; 3) an account of the partial revival of rhyme in present-day literature, in the attempt to answer the question if rhyme is still possible today and to what extent; 4) the relation of rhyme and psychoanalysis; 5) the question – hardy ever dealt with – of the relation of rhyme and rhyme patterns to music; 6) a survey of the use of rhyme in non-literary text, such as nursery rhymes, pop music lyrics, advertisements, to check the validity and the limits of the theory beyond literature and also to address a wider audience; 7) the outline of a “philosophy of rhyme”, examining the aesthetical conception implied by such a device; 8) an analysis of the use of the word “rhyme” when it appears in rhyme producing a metadiscourse in metrics and poetics. Besides the monograph, an important result will be the development of a refined rhyme-search software for digitized text corpora. The research results will be disseminated also through the web (wikies, websites, high-profile literary blogs) and through participation in workshops and international conferences.

Mots clés : rhyme, theory of literature, metrics, stylistics, rhetoric, semiotics, comparative literature, history of literature, intertextuality, psychoanalysis, aesthetics, music theory, advertising

Participants :
- Freie Universität Berlin (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet PATO (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The objective of the proposal is to advance fundamental science in reactive porous material modeling to foster innovation on the second pillar of the work program "Leadership in Enabling and Industrial Technologies". Starting from the most advanced development done at NASA in the last decade, state-of-the-art reactive porous material models will be improved further with the contribution of expert theoreticians and implemented in a simulation tool released open source. The fundamental developments will be validated and applied to design optimization and process innovation for two industrial applications. The first one is the design of efficient and optimized thermal protection systems for space exploration vehicles (subprogram "space").The second one targets bio-hydrocarbon and bio-carbon production from lignocellulosic biomass. The biomass pyrolysis process will be studied from the wood-cell scale to the process level. The goal is to develop advanced predictive engineering tools to enable process optimization and guide innovation in progress. This second effort will eventually benefit to two "Societal Challenges" of the work program: "Energy" and "Climate action, environment, resource efficiency, and raw materials".

Mots clés : thermal protection systems, ablation, pyrolysis, biomass

Participants :
- Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 185076.0 €