Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet EpimiRTherapy (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The overall research aim of EpimiRTherapy is to elucidate the mechanism of a novel disease-modifying therapy for epilepsy at single cell resolution in the human brain. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs which regulate protein levels in the brain. Certain microRNAs are strongly associated with epilepsy and their knockdown, using antisense molecules called ‘antagomirs’, has anti-seizure effects in rodents. Antagomir targeting microRNA-134 (ant-134) is a particularly promising disease-modifying treatment for epilepsy, which could meet an urgent clinical need. However, antagomirs to treat neurological disease have never been tested in humans due to limited translational evidence. EpimiRTherapy, for the first time, fills this gap: I will use state-of-the-art techniques to produce human brain slices from tissue surgically resected during temporal lobectomies for epilepsy. I will use a combination of molecular techniques (acquired at the host lab in RCSI and through secondment to ICL) and electrophysiology, my core expertise, to determine the impact of ant-134 on the biophysical and transcriptional landscapes of human tissue and a network and single neuron level. This will be complemented with cutting edge systems modelling and imaging techniques acquired through collaborations. This fellowship, through advanced interdisciplinary and intersectoral training, will serve as a launchpad for reaching a position of professional independence and maturity, whilst at the same time facilitating a transfer of knowledge between myself, the host and the collaborators, by bringing cutting edge electrophysiology and human tissue processing techniques to RCSI and addressing an urgent and unmet clinical need for novel epilepsy treatments.

Mots clés : epilepsy, microrna, antagomir, human tissue

Participants :
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184590.72 €
Projet CHANCE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The overarching goal of CHANCE is to contribute to bridging the gap between economic and social goals, through enhancing our understanding of how to foster socially fair and economically efficient climate mitigation policies. CHANCE will be implemented through a novel approach integrating Computable General Equilibrium and Microsimulation models. The specific research objectives of this project have not been addressed in the past. In this sense, the project will contribute to enhance EU scientific excellence by consolidating novel multidisciplinary research. CHANCE will reduce this gap in the literature through two specific relevant multi-regional case studies in settings where climate, energy policies and trade agreements are at the core of the current political debate: first, relations between Mexico and the USA (outgoing phase) and second, relations within the 28 Member States of the European Union (return phase). Through these analysis, identifying the factors which induce regressive policies, CHANCE could guide improvements in the design of policies. CHANCE will provide me with training and experience to widen my current expertise and promote my future career as an independent researcher. By the end of CHANCE, I expect to become a highly multidisciplinary researcher in the field of environmental management and decision-making, which will enable me to obtain a permanent position in Europe. Furthermore, the combination of knowledge and experience at MIT (outgoing phase) and at BC3 (return phase), and more specifically, of my supervisors (John Reilly and Mikel Gonzalez-Eguino), will offer me multidisciplinary training, to which I would not otherwise have access. CHANCE is the starting point of an ambitious and broader professional vision to gather the tools and databases necessary to provide policy makers around the world with relevant and accessible information on the global distributional implications of the transition to a low carbon economy.

Mots clés : environmental economics, ecological economics, social sciences, inequality, distributional analysis, general equilibrium models, micro economic modelling

Participants :
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 239191.2 €
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet LIDIA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project examines relational care among diabetes patients from two social classes in Delhi: urban poor and the middle class. It will contribute to the existing ethnographic studies on diabetes and care by, first, providing an in-depth account of diabetes care in India, an underexplored case-country with a high incidence of the illness. Secondly, by providing a close ethnographic reading familial care, the study will break from earlier research on diabetes that largely focuses on self-care propagated by biomedical knowledge and institutions. Thirdly, the study will make theoretical contributions by developing a conceptual framework on relational care. It will do so by drawing on and bridging anthropological approaches that render care and and familial relatedness as forms of ongoing and habituated practices of the everyday, situated socioeconomically. The overall action will further researcher’s academic career, and create a platform of knowledge exchange between the researcher and the hosting Institution, Edinburgh Centre for Medical Anthropology (EdCMA). Through the implementation of research project, the action will also enhance researcher’s academic skills and facilitate her academic career. The project will enable researcher to enhance academic skills through a close work with the principal supervisor Ian Harper and through an active participation at the EdCMA and relevant research environment. The researcher’s project will create added value to the department’s organisation, research environment and networking activities. By focusing on chronic non-communicable illness, it will supplement the already strong EdCMA’s focus on infectious disease and mental health in the Global South. The work will feed directly into I. Harper’s on-going research into the ethics of global health; and the entanglement between health programmes, institutions and everyday life; and the relationships between chronic diseases and infectious disease.

Mots clés : india, diabetes, relatedness, care, everyday life, ethnography

Participants :
- University of Edinburgh (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet RContext (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project investigates the impact that ‘radical contextualism’ (RC) has upon certain foundational issues in the philosophy of language, formal semantics, and philosophy of science. What motivates RC is the idea that our interpretation of a word, and what we refer to by using it, might be very different on different occasions of use. This suggests that our ability to interpret words, or to understand what they mean, depends in part on our being familiar with certain features of the occasions on which words are actually put to use. However, since communicative occasions are not systematically tractable, this seems to render systematic theories of meaning impossible. My chief objective is to think of a way out of this difficulty whilst taking the intuition behind RC seriously. The key proposal I aim to develop and defend is that RC does not militate against the possibility of constructing theories of meaning, as is commonly assumed. Instead, what RC does challenge are the ontological commitments typically inherited by such theories; e.g. commitment to the existence of objects that are supposed to play the role of stable semantic values of open-class linguistic expressions. My novel response to the challenge from RC will be to propose two ontologically neutral metasemantic frameworks: dynamic content externalism and methodological internalism. I shall assess main hypotheses on the case of natural kind terms. The project is interdisciplinary, combining insights and techniques from philosophy and formal semantics. I have a background in philosophy of language but I have no training in formal semantics or theoretical linguistics. Hence, this project, supervised by Prof. Martin Stokhof (ILLC) who specialises in dynamic semantics, represents a remarkable opportunity for me to acquire new formal skills, which will not only be necessary for carrying out the proposed research, but also very important for my future career development.

Mots clés : radical contextualism, context sensitivity, externalism vs  internalism, dynamic semantics, metasemantics, natural kind terms, naturalism

Participants :
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 177598.8 €
Projet SCALABLE DEMOCRACY (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project investigates the recent rise of networked forms of political participation in Europe. It does so by analyzing a set of political parties—namely, Podemos in Spain, the Five Star Movement in Italy, and the Pirate Parties in Sweden and Germany—that encourage the participation of all citizens in political deliberation through the use of networked media. More specifically, the research focuses on the technical affordances and uses of the decision-making software adopted by these parties to advance a new idea of democracy, which mixes elements of representative democracy and direct democracy. Software such as LiquidFeedback, Agora Voting, Appgree, Loomio, AdHocracy, and DemocracyOS allow users not only to select party delegates and representatives but also to submit, discuss, and vote their own policy proposals. On the one hand, these emerging practices can be seen as an extension to the electronic realm of participatory decision-making processes associated with recent social movements for “real democracy.” On the other hand, the existence of party delegates, the adoption of majority voting, and the choice of participating in the elections signal that these parties acccept representative democracy, even as they vow to transform it from within. By bringing together different theoretical perspectives in media studies, political theory, and social movement studies, the research maps how these different conceptions of democracy are reflected in the design of decision-making software. A first set of semi-structured interviews asks software developers to discuss the political values embedded in the software—e.g., whether the software privileges consensus or majority rule, temporary delegation or representation, public or anonymous voting. A second set of interviews asks users whether they are aware of the values embedded in the software, have considered their limitations, have suggestions on how to improve them, or see online deliberation as inherently flawed.

Mots clés : digital democracy, networked democracy, decision making software, internet parties

Participants :
- Scuola Normale Superiore (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 180277.2 €
Projet FIEC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project investigates two closely interrelated issues: what is the role of imagination in early cinema and what does it mean for a representational work to be fictional? Specifically, it asks what the criteria are according to which we categorize texts as fictional and what counts as proof for reconstructing the experience of historical spectatorship. The project innovatively proposes that the period between 1880 and 1915 provides a unique opportunity for construing how a representational medium becames employed in the production of fictions and the crucial role the discourse on imaginary engagement plays in this process. In other words, the project asks why we engage some films as fictions and other as documentaries despite the fact that they are both based on actuality material – photographs. For instance, why, when watching Méliès’ 1898 The Astronomer’s Dream or the Man in the Moon, do we nowadays regularly say that we are watching an astronomer whose gazing at the moon turns into a series of fantastical mishaps? Why do we engage such a film as a fiction rather than as a documentary of actors performing in front of painted sets? Especially if during the early era, such films were regularly seen as instances of “canned theater”, i.e. as documentaries of theatrical performances. Methodologically, the project is highly unique in its twofold approach. On the one hand, the proposal draws on analytic philosophy to articulate the key concepts informing the inquiry – fiction and imagination. Fiction, crucially, is construed as “any mandated imagining/make-believe" following the work of Kendall Walton. On the other, the project applies the new film history method to late 19th and early 20th century sources such as trade press, catalogues, lectures, and more general discourse on cinema and adjacent cultural practices to determine what place the notions of fiction and imagination played in the production, promotion, exhibition, and reception of early cinema.


Participants :
- Ghent University (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172800.0 €
Projet TecWell (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The project is a comparative study of adolescent digital literacy and digital media use, using a mixed qualitative approach with an emphasis on ethnography. The rapid increase in children’s engagement with digital technologies raises questions regarding their potential impact on wellbeing. However, the data currently available to us as to this impact are largely inconclusive. This is partially due to the fact that most studies rely on quantitative measures that offer little insight into the actual content consumed, or the contexts within which engagement with media takes place. The study addresses these limitations by introducing the use of ethnographic methods to investigate the broader relational contexts within which teens’ interaction with digital media takes shape. Specifically, it investigates the relationship between two factors found to potentially impact teen wellbeing while using digital media: digital literacy, and the manners in which digital media is integrated into family life. Differences in digital literacy and family integration patterns are examined across both gender and socioeconomic divides, as well as between children who mostly consume digital media, and those who also produce digital media artifacts and contents through active engagements in spaces such as Fabrication Labs or Makerspaces. By taking a qualitative, holistic and longitudinal approach, the study aims to identify mechanisms involved in facilitating a fruitful integration of digital media into children’s lives, and to generate data needed for the development of strategies and guidelines to aid teens, parents and educators promote digital media engagement in manners that would enhance teen wellbeing.

Mots clés : medical anthropology, digital media, digital literacy, wellbeing, family

Participants :
- Rovira i Virgili University (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 172932.48 €
Projet SimSolidAM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project is aimed to the enhancement of numerical simulation tools for the Additive Manufacturing process, focusing on analysis of temperature evolution and solidification behaviour of material during the Metal Deposition process. A novel approach to the thermal FEM simulation of Metal Deposition processes is proposed, with the implementation of an innovative solidification model in COMET (a Finite Element (FE)-based framework for the solution of engineering problems). The proposed solidification model directly describes the evolution of solid fraction in function of time and depend from some empirical parameter. Examples of simplified AM processes will be studied in order to calibrate the model and evaluate advantages in terms of CPU costs and accuracy. Dedicated semi-empirical models for evaluation of local microstructures in function of temperature history of metal during the AM process will be also developed, implemented and experimentally calibrated. Mechanical properties will be evaluated by means of direct empirical correlation with local microstructures. Finally, real cases of complete AM processes will be studied in order to validate the overall AM simulation tool. The final objective is to develop an innovative, useful and quick simulation tool for the optimization of the AM process. End users such as software houses and mechanical industries are strongly interested the enhancing of simulation accuracy and CPU time. The impact of process optimization in terms of time, cost and product quality leads to clear benefits not only for end-users but also for society in general.

Mots clés : process simulation, additive manufacturing, metal deposition, solidification, microstructures, mechanical properties, process optimisation, quality control

Participants :
- CERCA Institution (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 158121.6 €
Projet GROUPNIP (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Mathematics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project is in model theory (mathematical logic), with close connections to algebra, especially group theory. Model theory concerns expressibility in logical languages of properties of mathematical structures (e.g. graphs or groups). A key notion is that of a `definable set' (generalising algebraic varieties). Model theory identifies `tame' classes of structures/theories such as stable theories, or the much richer class of NIP theories in which definable sets are well-understood, and finds/applies generalisations of geometric notions such as algebraic independence. This project focusses on groups in NIP theories, both as invariants and as definable objects. The three research Workpackages (with specific objectives) concern (1) Applying methods from the recently-developed `Polish structures' to problems of topological dynamics of type spaces in NIP theories, (2) finding methods to compute homology groups (which measure `n-amalgamation') of generically stable types in NIP theories, and characterising the homology groups for algebraically closed valued fields, (3) examining the fine structure of NIP profinite groups, viewed in a 2-sorted language with open subgroups uniformly definable. The Fellow, Dobrowolski, will receive training through research in the model theory groups in Leeds and (on a 3-month secondment) in Lyon. There will be knowledge transfer to Dobrowolski of expertise in model theory, group theory, and topological dynamics in Leeds and Lyon, and Dobrowolski will transfer to Leeds and Lyon the understanding he has built up in Wroclaw and Seoul, on Polish structures and homology groups of first order theories. He will be supervised by Macpherson in Leeds and Wagner in Lyon, but also interact with the large model theory groups in both centres. He will receive complementary training in Leeds on a range of professional academic skills, including outreach, and will take advantage of opportunities for outreach activities in Leeds related to his research.

Mots clés : model theory, group theory, stable theory, nip theory, topological dynamics, model theoretic amalgamation, p adic analytic group

Participants :
- University of Leeds (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SIMOF (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The project proposed herein develops in the frame of the Coordination Chemistry approach to Molecular Magnetism and Molecular Spintronics, aiming at the design, synthesis and characterisation of new prototypes of multifunctional and multiresponsive molecular magnetic devices based on Single Ion Magnets (SIMs), as models of electro- and photoswitchable multiple Quantum Bits and Quantum Gates (QGs) for the physical implementation of Quantum Information Processing in the emerging field of Quantum Computation. The project focuses on three different targets: (i) The synthesis of multi-dimensional SIM-based coordination polymers, whereby the feebly interacting and potentially switchable individual SIMs would constitute the nodes of the open-framework structure of Metal-Organic Frameworks (SIM-MOFs). Their properties will be investigated as a proof-of-concept design for multi-responsive electro- and photoswitchable multiple qubits and quantum gates of interest in quantum computation; (ii) The preparation of individual and multiple SIMs, referred to as multiSIMs, within the confined space of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF-confined SIMs/multiSIMs) by taking advantage of the host-guest chemistry to produce technology-generating properties. Well-ordered host-guest hybrid materials will be obtained through the in-situ synthesis of SIMs and multiSIMs within the pores of magnetic MOFs by means of single-crystal to single-crystal post-synthetic processes (iii) The preparation and study of uniformly organised thin films of individual SIMs and multiSIMs on either gold or functionalised silicon surfaces, respectively, as prototypes for magnetic devices for Quantum Computing (SIMs and multiSIMs thin films). Addressing this new class of multifunctional molecular magnetic materials on thin films is mandatory in order to take advantage of their unique properties and eventually cross the bridge between fundamental science and technological applications.

Mots clés : molecular spintronics, coordination chemistry, quantum computing, qubit, single molecule magnet, metal organic frameworks, thin films, host guest chemistry, molecular magnetism

Participants :
- University of Valencia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 158121.6 €