Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet GaToR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Quantum sensors are the most direct application of current quantum technologies. They have shown improvement in magnetic sensors, atomic clocks, gravimeters, accelerometers, geolocalization, gas detection, imaging resolution and biomedical sensors. Nevertheless, a concrete incorporation of quantum sensors to the every day life requires to overcome fundamental challenges, such as robustness to the environmental noise and integration to the current technology. Here I show how to probe graphene for quantum sensing magnetic fields. Putting together the tools of high-harmonic spectroscopy with quantum metrology, I propose a framework capable of quantifying solid-state systems for sensing applications. Solid state materials have unique quantum features, due to their extreme sensibility to the boundary conditions. Other effects, such as superconductivity, appear in strongly correlated materials, such as twisted bilayer graphene. Analysing the high-harmonic spectroscopy in twisted bilayer graphene allows to propose experimental settings to detect its phases of matter, electronic localisation and band structure. In this proposal I describe why graphene has the potential of working as a robust magnetic field quantum sensor. Currently, the techniques of quantum metrology and parameter estimation, allow to quantify for the first time the performance of materials in presence of of incident external fields. Here I propose to use this framework, to determine the performance of single layer and twisted bilayer graphene in presence of magnetic fields, and compare it to the available quantum sensors in the market. In this process, it is possible to pin down the key features in graphene for measuring these fields. Combining the results of fundaments of quantum metrology with high-harmonic spectroscopy gives a complete analysis of the performance of graphene together with a experimental proposal to detect its key features, probing twisted bilayer graphene as a robust quantum sensor.

Mots clés : graphene, high harmonic generation, quantum metrology, phase transitions

Participants :
- Université de Stuttgart (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202125.12 €
Projet BEOLTPT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The performance enhancement of integrated circuits relying on the downscaling of transistor dimensions following Moore’s law is becoming more and more challenging as silicon is reaching its physical limit. Thus, monolithic 3D integration has been considered as a powerful method to improve system performance further. This requires that transistors be stacked on top of each other at back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible temperatures to avoid degradation of underlying devices. Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are promising candidates for such BEOL transistors but most advancements in terms of device performance and reliable BEOL integration concern n-type devices, while p-type is still lagging behind. Hence, better p-type BEOL transistors are highly sought after to enable complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. One of several challenges for p-type devices is contact resistance because wide band gap 2D semiconductors typically have large Schottky barriers between the metal contact and their valence band. Tellurium (Te) and its compounds have recently been identified as promising candidates for BEOL p-type 2D transistors, which offer decent access to their valence bands, integration at BEOL-compatible temperatures, and good material prospects for device performance. However, research on such devices is still in its infancy, and drive current, stability (passivation), and contact resistance still need improvements. Thus, in this work, we propose to advance the research in Te-based p-type devices. In particular, we will experimentally explore the potential of 2D material van der Waals contacts. Furthermore, we will evaluate the CMOS logic circuit performance coupling with its n-type counterpart and the prospects of our devices for monolithic 3D integration through simulation.

Mots clés : 2d material, transistor, p type semiconductor, device fabrication, tellurium, 2d van der walls contact, cmos circuit, simulation, material growth, thin film deposition, monolithic 3d integration

Participants :
- Université de Stuttgart (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet IMARS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Policymakers and governmental institutions rely every day on data to make important decisions that impact citizens’ quality of life. For instance, the availability of large amounts of time series data observed in many dimensions and levels of granularity requires the development of new techniques to model and draw conclusions from such complex systems. Multivariate time series data structures typically deal with time series and cross-sectional dimensions. Nowadays, much more complex data structures have appeared, requiring mathematical objects defined in higher dimensions and beyond continuous-valued measurements; e.g. time series of counts related to several types of crimes occurring in different cities. The final object is a three-dimensional data set of counts called a discrete tensor. This research proposal introduces new empirical, econometric models to describe and study such discrete tensor data. Although in social sciences many tensor data possess a discrete structure, the statistical theory for discrete tensors is still under development. These specific data cannot be accommodated by existing tensor models which are specifically tailored for continuous variables and are typically described by simple linear patterns. The goal of the project is to fill the existing gap in the literature by developing new models for discrete-valued tensor data that possess flexible cross-sectional and serial dependence structures. To this aim, we combine a multivariate copula framework for count data and non-linear score-driven models with the existing tensor literature; As a result, we obtain a new model class, called Integer-valued Matrix Autoregressive Score model (IMARS). We then successfully apply these new models to relevant empirical problems in key areas of interest to policymakers, like crime data, allowing to understand the distribution of different types of crimes across geographical areas, forecast their incidence and study spillover effects over a space-time grid.

Mots clés : integer valued time series

Participants :
- Université libre d'Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187624.32 €
Projet REFWORK (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Making Refuge Work addresses the limits of state-centric approaches in migration studies and proposes the lens of labor to tell the story of Yemeni refugees-turned workers as they struggle to make life and a living in Europe’s urban centers. Moving to the fore those whose stories and experiences remain otherwise invisible, my project proposes to consider refuge not as a gift of sanctuary, or a privileged legal status, but as a terrain of struggle for displaced people, who actively pursuit dignified lives and work hard to construct their futures. Drawing on an ethnographic study with Yemeni refugees in Germany and Netherlands - the two countries with the largest and most rapidly growing Yemeni communities in the EU, the project sets outs to investigate how refugees navigate Europe’s neoliberal economies, and how they become classed and racialized in the process of displacement. What lives and social worlds do they get to inhabit, and how do they evaluate their lived experiences? But also what survival strategies, networks of mutual care and new skills emerge in the context of precarious economic arrangements and increasingly hostile political environments? In addressing these questions my project will unpack the relationship between (forced)migration, racialization and class formation. As such my study will capture structural conditions that produce precarity, explore labor-related production of race, as well as shed light on agency of refugees, who forge possibilities and actively work on their futures. Going beyond accounts that reduce refugees to being either assets or threats, my project will document lifeworlds and full personhoods of those who sustain large sectors of Europe’s economies and make up diversity of Europe’s urban centers. From the theoretical perspective, the study will expand our thinking about refuge, and shed light on the role of migration in the making of race and class formations.

Mots clés : yemeni refugees, labour, precarity, agency, migration, class, racialization

Participants :
- Université libre d'Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 232916.16 €
Projet SHSBALMBNA (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The generation of advanced alloys with extraordinary sustainable, functional performance is a game changer for commercializing advanced manufacturing technologies and is a key issue for the 4th industrial revolution, considering the environmental issues to reduce CO2 emission, as well. To this end, thermally stable, high-performance bulk nanostructured (nano-layered) nanocomposites containing stable interfaces are highly desirable for hydrogen storage. Within the proposed project, the newly developed accumulative fold-forging (AFF) method shall be applied to enhance the hydrogen storage response of a Mg/Nb alloy based on extreme grain refinement down to the nano-scale and the synthesis of a nano-layered structure. This novel alloy design will assess this synergy between advanced manufacturing by a novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) approach and metal physics as an interdisciplinary topic. First, the advanced layered system will be designed by AFF for nano-grains formation and forced alloying between Mg and Nb. Then, the manufactured new materials shall be characterized in terms of structural features, mechanical properties, and functional behaviour. Third, atomic-scale structural modelling will proceed to simulate sustainable hydrogen storage performance. These experiments may give novel insights into tailoring the pathways toward sustainable microstructural design for optimizing the composition and structure of advanced Mg/Nb nanostructured alloys with extraordinary storage capacity and cyclic stability. Coming from the world-foremost centers on advanced manufacturing and alloy design, I will bring new scientific and technological knowledge to the host university and institute. Meanwhile, practical training at one of Germany’s best universities and research institutes, progressing the current state-of-the-art by developing metal physics of advanced nanostructured alloys and high-quality publications, can prepare me for a professorship position in the EU or NA.

Mots clés : severe plastic deformation spd accumulative fold forging aff magnesium foil layered nanostructured materials microstructure physics functional property sustainable hydrogen storage behaviour

Participants :
- Université de Münster (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 189687.36 €
- Institut de technologie du Massachusetts (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet REACT (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The current COVID-19 crisis has highlighted the failure of existing epidemic monitoring techniques in timely predicting the epidemic situation and facilitating efficient policy recommendations. Because of being open-loop or linearization-based, these techniques cannot handle model and data uncertainties effectively. Designing a feedback mechanism to enable reliable, closed-loop epidemic monitoring is crucial but challenging because of the nonlinearity and heterogeneities of the epidemic spread process. The control mechanisms for epidemic mitigation are well-known, such as testing, lockdown, social distancing, etc. However, when, where, and to what extent should the health authority implement these policies depends on the accurate estimation and forecasting of the epidemic situation, which is very difficult with the classic observer design techniques. To alleviate the difficulties posed by these observers, an interdisciplinary approach of physics-informed neural network (PINN) in combination with system-theoretic tools is proposed in this project for closed-loop epidemic monitoring that can effectively cope with uncertainties. The task of PINN is to estimate the unknown nonlinearity (i.e., disease transmission rate) and epidemic parameters by using both the physics of epidemic spread (i.e., model) and the past epidemiological data. The closed-loop structure copes with the uncertainties and validates the estimation algorithm in real-time by predicting the future data and adjusting the epidemic model accordingly. The information received by the PINN-based observer will be utilized by the optimal controller to devise optimal policy recommendations under socio-economic constraints for epidemic mitigation. The closed-loop epidemic monitoring and control technique will be integrated to understand the geographic and demographic heterogeneities during epidemic outbreaks, which will significantly enhance the effectiveness of optimal policies.

Mots clés : feedback design, epidemic monitoring, physics informed learning, networked systems, optimal control

Participants :
- KTH Institut royal de technologie (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 305928.0 €
- Institut de technologie du Massachusetts (Etats-Unis) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet COSMOS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The universality of the divide between nature and culture has been recently challenged by anthropology as researchers argued that this divide is specific to modernity and should not be generalized to capture the plurality of ways of conceiving humanity’s relation to the world. To account for the diversity of collective experience, the humanities and social sciences should decenter supposedly universal categories of Western modernity and reconceptualize the fundamental aspects of collective behavior beyond this ethnocentric bias. How does this pluralistic view of the world change our philosophical account of nature and culture? How can phenomenology explain the different modes of collective existence described by anthropology? The working hypothesis of COSMOS is that the interaction between phenomenological philosophy and anthropology can improve our conception of social experience and change the traditional view in which the distinction between nature and culture is assessed. While extensive literature has been devoted to the social world and the duality of nature and culture, phenomenological research on the anthropology of the lifeworld and the intersubjective aspects of nature and culture remains largely unexplored, especially when it comes to a discussion with concrete findings in anthropology. COSMOS aims to fill this gap and break new theoretical ground by providing a foundation for contemporary anthropology. It will draw upon the phenomenology of the social world of Edmund Husserl, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alfred Schütz and recent research on social experience to provide a new view of the common world that integrates anthropology’s radical idea of diversity and plurality. By combining a phenomenological approach with anthropology’s findings and theoretical considerations, it aims to build on and impact recent research on sociality and contribute to changing sedimented views of nature and culture underpinning the division between natural and human sciences.

Mots clés : phenomenology lifeworld sociality husserl merleau ponty ontological turn anthropology

Participants :
- École des hautes études en sciences sociales (France) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- KU Leuven (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191760.0 €
- Université de Cologne (Allemagne) — Partner, associated partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet DEPYR (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Bioisosteric replacement is crucial to drug discovery. However, substituting a central core ring structure generally requires de novo synthetic sequences due to the lack of “ring-replacing” strategies that can be used at a late-stage.  This project will focus on finding a solution to the challenge of converting pyridines into benzonitriles. This is a desirable “ring replacement” in medicinal chemist and benzonitriles can mimic pyridines' properties and are effective bioisosteres. However, current methods to convert pyridines to benzonitriles are limited to de novo synthetic approaches.  This project seeks to develop a novel strategy converting pyridines into benzonitriles. This will be achieved in just three steps by (1) pyridine N-oxidation, followed by (2) photochemical deconstruction into a nitrile-containing linear diene, which (3) is primed for Diels-Alder cycloaddition to reconstruct the aromatic benzonitrile. This strategy will constitute a divergent platform for the diversification of high-value pyridine products and also a novel retrosynthetic tactic for the reparation of complex benzonitriles. This research squarely fits within a recent new research direction the Leonori group where photochemistry is used to alter the structure of aromatic molecules.  The completion of such an innovative and ambitious project at RWTH Aachen University will be facilitated by generating, transferring, sharing and disseminating knowledge, and will enhance the Researcher future career following the training plan envisioned.

Mots clés : photochemistry, diels alder cycloaddition, dearomative ring opening

Participants :
- Université technique de Rhénanie-Westphalie à Aix-la-Chapelle (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 202125.12 €
Projet MoMeNTUM (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

MoMeNTUM aims at developing a next-generation computational code for Hyperbolic balance laws in fluid flow and solid mechanics, based on versatile unstructured Voronoi grids (polygons and polyhedra), and achieving efficiency that can be compared even with that of structured Cartesian codes. The space-time-based methods will be of high-order Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element type, with Finite Volume auxiliary subcell stabilisation. Such a mixed formulation requires new grid generation techniques in order to be extended to moving Voronoi meshes, due to the presence of degenerate and almost-degenerate elements with short or zero-length edges. Using genuine Voronoi tessellations (i.e. nearest neighbour) is important in order to preserve the smooth dynamic connectivity rearrangement naturally emerging from the motion of Voronoi seeds in space, which is a key element for the construction of robust schemes on moving polyhedral grids.  Efficiency will be achieved through new hybrid nodal/modal moving basis functions, defined on cell-aligned bounding boxes, that can heavily exploit tensor-type data storage and access patterns, usually available only in structured codes.  Additionally, the schemes will be equipped with an embedded mesh generator that can synergistically interact with the computational core so that the behaviour of the on-the-fly subgrid generator for the Finite Volume subcells will be optimised, like the Voronoi grid motion, according to the local flow or stress patterns.  The project is a heavily multidisciplinary effort that requires the development and implementation of new numerical solvers and new mesh generation algorithms within a single coherent software architecture, which will be packaged in an open source, massively parallel, high performance Fortran code, in the hope that it will constitute a step forward towards the wide adoption of advanced high-order methods for solving real-world continuum mechanics problems.

Mots clés : discontinuous galerkin schemes, finite volume schemes, moving voronoi meshes, arbitrary lagrangian eulerian methods, unstructured grid generation, high order methods, numerical hyperbolic pdes

Participants :
- Université de Cologne (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173847.36 €
Projet PICERAN (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This project, "The Prosopography of the Imperial Church of the Empire of the Romans in Antioch during the time of Nikon of the Black Mountain, circa AD 950-1100" (hereafter PICERAN), aims to produce a new historical account of the structures and networks of a historical religious community. In the tenth to the eleventh centuries AD, the medieval city and region of Antioch (modern Hatay Province, Türkiye) was home to a dynamic frontier society and cross-cultural meeting place for heterogenous peoples, languages, cultural traditions, and religions, all under the political authority of the eastern Empire of the Romans. The PICERAN project endeavors to characterize the dynamic social structures and networks of this frontier society by leveraging “big data” and computational analysis. The project will gather and update prosopography data from scattered secondary studies and original analysis of primary source data including texts, inscriptions, seals, and manuscripts. The links within this data will be identified, interpreted, and visualized using the latest Digital Humanities tools. This analysis will result in a dynamic understanding of the history of the Roman Christian community in Antioch. PICERAN integrates an innovative approach to how this community is conceptualized and modelled, offering a framework to approach an institution which has largely and over-simplistically been treated as a subordinate topic to the state history of the Empire of the Romans. Furthermore, the results of this analysis will be creatively communicated to a larger audience through a biography of Nikon of the Black Mountain (circa AD 1025—after 1100). Nikon was one of the era’s most prolific writers, and most prominent and exemplary figures, who yet remains understudied. Through his life and writings, PICERAN will contextualize the social networks revealed by prosopography data, illuminating the social structures of turn-of-the-millennium Antioch.

Mots clés : prosopography, eastern roman byzantine empire, nikon of the black mountain, ecclesiastic history, monastic history, first crusade, digital humanities, network analysis

Participants :
- Université de Cologne (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 217965.12 €