Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet NOSTA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The impacts of energy and financial crisis along with climate change have generated the necessity of cheap sustainable green energy. Against this background EU set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the share of renewables in final energy consumption and increase in energy efficiency for the next years. Upgrading the otherwise lost waste heat, which is estimated to be over 60% of the globally released energy, to electrical energy is a promising strategy for sustainable energy. The use of thermoelectric devices which convert directly the waste heat to electrical energy, is a desirable technology for future power generation. Despite the big effort of the last years their conversion efficiency is quite low and the thermoelectric materials that are currently used are based on Tellurium, which is very rare on the earth surface. In this proposal we suggest the use thermoelectric materials based on Silicides and Oxides, which are abundant on the earth surface and relatively cheap. The aim is the optimization of synthesis and processing conditions using the state of the art panoscopic approach in combination, for first time, with tunable porosity which is expected to further enhance their efficiency. The fabricated nanostructured bulk thermoelectric materials will be characterized with several experimental techniques and studied through theoretical calculations. Technical improvement of some techniques will be performed for better characterization of the fabricated materials. This proposal also involves applied research in the form of construction and characterization of a prototype thermoelectric device using the fabricated materials.

Mots clés : thermoelectric materials, panoscopic approach, tunable porosity, prototype device

Participants :
- University of Cyprus (Chypre) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 151648.8 €
Projet NACCA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Doctoral Networks
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The importance of European cultural heritage has been generally acknowledged. A significant part of this heritage, however, modern and contemporary art, runs a great risk of getting lost for future generations, because it is particularly difficult to preserve. Proper care requires resolving fundamental questions concerning the identity and authenticity of modern and contemporary artworks and the consequences for their conservation, rethinking historically grown professional distinctions as those between the curator and the conservator, re-organizing the institutional ecosystem, and establishing frameworks for international, interdisciplinary and intersectoral research and training collaboration. The aim of this Marie Curie Innovative Training Network is to educate a new generation of professional curators, conservators and academic researchers who are properly equipped to face these challenges. The key notion guiding the research and training programmes will be the notion of reflective practice. Starting from the theoretical framework of practice theory, the research programme will investigate conservation practices through the comparative analysis of their impact on modern and contemporary artworks’ biographies. The training programme will focus on the development of a reflective professional attitude, which is a pre-requisite in this increasingly complex and collaborative field.

Mots clés : cultural heritage, contemporary art, conservation theory and ethics, reflective practice, authenticity, valuation, artist intentions, documentation, professional roles, stakeholders and audiences

Participants :
- TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 498432.96 €
- Comune di milano (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 258061.32 €
- Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw (Pologne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224137.44 €
- Tate (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 273287.88 €
- Roma Tre University (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 258061.32 €
- Maastricht University (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 510748.56 €
- University of Porto (Portugal) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 238356.36 €
- University of Amsterdam (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 766122.84 €
- University of Glasgow (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 546575.76 €
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Portugal) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 238356.36 €
Projet Rachel (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The importance of the sense of touch in the biomedical sciences is difficult to overstate. Touch and palpation are critical for a range of clinical diagnostic and surgical procedures. The use of tactile feedback in virtual surgery may accelerate medical training and ultimately lead to superior patient outcomes. Technologies designed to manipulate the sense of touch are termed as “haptics”. In order to enable a future where haptics are used in biomedical devices, there is a need to answer fundamental questions arising from the sense of touch perception of humans, as well as to develop novel and smart materials that can transmit realistic tactile cues. One of the great challenges of existing—“off-the-shelf” —haptic actuators is that they are incapable of recapitulating the feeling of biological structures. In this proposal, I plan to adopt a new experimental paradigm based on organic materials (e.g., conductive polymers and liquid crystal elastomers) as haptic actuators capable of producing realistic tactile cues upon stimuli. In addition, fundamental questions related to the sensitivities and thresholds of human touch perception will be assessed for the first time using these materials in conjunction with psychophysical tests. Employing the expertise of the Lipomi lab in materials science and by collaboration with cognitive scientists, I will shed light on the physical and cognitive mechanisms underlying the perception of touch. This work will establish the design principles of organic actuators that may revolutionize technologies for remote care, such as for communities located in “healthcare deserts”, and wearable devices for physical and cognitive therapy.

Mots clés : haptics, stimulus responsive polymers, liquid crystal elastomers, conductive polymers, wearable haptic device, kinesthetic feedback, tactile feedback, human machine interface

Participants :
- Tel Aviv University (Israël) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 269998.08 €
- University of California System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet SiGNATURE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The incidence of cardiac arrhythmias in Europe is increasing because of aging and unexpected side effects of drugs, such as chemotherapeutics. To understand mechanisms underlying these conditions requires reliable preferably human models. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are presently good candidates since they share the genome of the individual from whom they are derived and can thus recapitulate genetic, ethnic and gender contributions to the cardiac disease phenotypes. However, their immature state and high inter- and intra-line variability is limiting their value as preclinical models. In the proposed project, I will address these issues through an interdisciplinary approach combining a unique 3D culture maturation system developed in my host lab with my expertise in electrophysiology. I will characterize gene expression and electrical properties of single cardiomyocytes simultaneously with view to directly correlating genes with function and identify molecular markers associated with the functionally mature cardiac phenotype. Two genetic cardiac diseases (one caused by an imprinted gene, the other by a postnatally expressed splice variant) for which the host already has hiPSC lines, will be used as proof of concept that hiPSC-CM maturation in this system is sufficient (i) to reveal disease phenotypes not evident in conventional culture and (ii) to identify molecular markers suitable for selecting mature hiPSC-CMs for drug testing. Overall, this project will provide the first functionally-relevant gene signature of (mature) hiPSC-CMs, and thus be an important advance in modelling all cardiomyocyte autonomous cardiac diseases more precisely for (personalized) drug screening. The outcome will be available to academic and private researchers to enhance rates of drug discovery and safety, and promote hiPSC-CMs as validated adult cardiac models to replace, at least in part, the use of animal models.

Mots clés : human cardiac model, cardiac arrhythmia, hipsc derived cardiomyocytes, cellular electrophysiology, cardiac disease modelling, drug testing

Participants :
- Leiden University Medical Center (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet BIOPADE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The increase demand of oil, associated with the depletion of easily exploitable oil deposits is leading the oil industry to intensify the search for new oil areas and exploit deposits previously considered as economically unprofitable. These new oil research areas are mostly located in Arctic waters and in the "offshore" areas in deep waters. However, very few studies have investigated the biological impacts of oil contamination in these very specific areas. Practically, the research actions will estimate the potential synergistic effect of oil, warming and hypoxia on a key Arctic species, polar cod Boreogadus saida (Work package 1, WP1).The project will then will focus on the impacts of the soluble fraction of oil on the metabolism of deep benthic species, in particular Lophelia pertusa and Eurythenes gryllus (WP 2). WP3 will consist of an applied study in order to validate two experimental set-ups which could make possible the assessment of the impact of oil in deep-sea environments. Finally, WP4 will be devoted to provide recommendations to perform a relevant NEBA in Arctic and deep-sea areas. The complementarities between the applicant and the supervisors profiles, associated with partner organizations skills ensure the realization of this innovative project and the dissemination and exploitation of the different results.

Mots clés : oil pollution, arctic, deep sea, biological impact

Participants :
- Akvaplan-niva (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 196400.4 €
Projet CH4ScarabDetect (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The increase of the average global atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration from about 700 ppb to 1800 ppb since 1750 is the result of a global imbalance between CH4 sources and sinks. Even small changes in source or sink strength are expected to have a rapid impact on the atmospheric CH4 concentration, making CH4 an excellent candidate for short-term climate change mitigation strategies. However, this mitigation potential can only be accessed if we can accurately quantify all sinks and sources contributing to the global CH4 budget. One of the poorly understood aspects of the global CH4 budget is the effect of land-use change and soil management on the CH4 budget of soils which themselves can be either sinks or sources of atmospheric CH4. The central drawback in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling net soil CH4 fluxes is our insufficient knowledge on gross CH4 fluxes and the involved organisms. The project “CH4ScarabDetect” aims to provide the first quantitative estimate of the importance of soil-dwelling cockchafer larvae for net soil CH4 fluxes. These important European agricultural and forest pests are qualitatively known to emit CH4, but have thus far been neglected in terrestrial CH4 cycle research. To reach its aim, “CH4ScarabDetect” will develop a new non-invasive field monitoring method for separating gross CH4 production and gross CH4 oxidation in soils in general, and for detecting larvae infestations in particular, by combining for the very first time the well-known chamber flux method with a 13CH4 isotope pool dilution technique and acoustic measurements of larvae sounds. This novel approach will not only further our understanding of the role of cockchafer larvae in the terrestrial CH4 cycle and provide a new tool for soil CH4 flux and soil insect studies, but promises to also improve the monitoring of cockchafer infestations, thus generating new knowledge of major relevance for both scientific and practical reasons.

Mots clés : soil methane cycle, cockchafer larvae, non invasive field monitoring, chamber method, stable carbon isotope signature

Participants :
- Hochschule Geisenheim University (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 171460.8 €
Projet MAFLDCs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The increasing clinical and societal burden of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) coupled with the current lack of therapies highlights the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms driving this disease. In recent years, studies, including my own, have identified that MAFLD is accompanied by a change in the T cell subsets present in the liver and blood. However, the functions and causes of these altered populations remain largely unknown. Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) function to sample antigens in the periphery and subsequently migrate to the lymph nodes (LNs) where they induce the proliferation and polarisation of naïve T cells, which then home back to the periphery to perform their functions. As such, by manipulating cDC function, we could potentially alter the T cells present in MAFLD and hence improve disease outcome. To date, studies of cDC function in MAFLD have been hampered by our limited understanding of cDC heterogeneity and the lack of specific tools with which to manipulate them in vivo. Building on the cDC expertise of the host lab, the single cell technologies established to dissect heterogeneity, and access to more specific models to target these cells, here, I aim to dissect cDC heterogeneity in the fatty liver. To this end, I will combine the mouse models of the host lab, with my expertise working with human material to identify the conserved features across humans and mice. As MAFLD is associated with an increase in CD8+ T cells, I hypothesize that by manipulating the main cDC subset associated with cross-presentation of antigen to naïve CD8+ T cells, namely the cDC1s, I can manipulate disease progression. Using the novel XCR1-CRE mouse model to specifically target cDC1s in vivo, I will investigate the in vivo functions of these cells in MAFLD and determine their potential for therapeutic intervention to improve patient outcome.

Mots clés : liver, obesity, mafld, dendritic cells, cite seq

Participants :
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 166320.0 €
Projet POGETA (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The increasing currency of the Anthropocene era demands new ways of thinking about grief and trauma which are both personal and cultural experiences. As E. Ann Kaplan proposes, the concept of “pre-traumatic stress syndrome” describes how cultural representations of accelerated environmental degradation generate “climate trauma,” which is accompanied by its own psychological condition (2015). Further, a host of slowly unfolding environmental crises confront us with “slow violence,” which is neither sudden nor spectacular but instead incremental with calamitous repercussions for years or decades or centuries. Much of the current narrative on the Anthropocentric age relies on the realm of Western and European from human-centered, techno-focused, and masculinist lens, overlooking the feminist roots of work on the Anthropocene. This novel project proposes feminist and queer study of Anthropocene trauma in post-imperial Turkey and its European diasporas by investigating how public intellectuals remember and dramatize grief and trauma regarding the lingering environmental effects of the Ottoman Empire, the environmental aftermath of war and genocide, climate trauma, and other forms of slow violence in modern Turkish literature. Divided into five work packages, the objectives of this project can be synthesized as follows: mobilizing a new taxonomy of trauma and grief in contemporary Turkey pertinent to the Anthropocene; developing feminist and queer forms of insight into the Anthropocene conversation through post-Ottoman context; being the first of its kind that simultaneously acknowledges and transcends current environmental concerns and one that relates back to gender, race, ethnicity, and class in Turkey and its European diasporas. This project corresponds well with 2020 EU policies regarding environment and climate action and the Horizon 2020 Work Programme since it studies a wide range of psychoanalytical and physical response to our dire environment predicament.

Mots clés : anthropocene, grief, trauma, climate trauma, slow violence, ottoman empire, modern turkey, turkish literature, feminist and queer critique

Participants :
- Sabancı University (Turquie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 157355.52 €
Projet RaSeCoL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The increasing demand for bandwidth hungry applications in modern communication networks has led to the proliferation of radar and communication systems in integrated radar-sensing and communication networks in order to improve the effectiveness of the limited spectral resources. However, it turns out that, much more benefits could be harvested regarding both the sensing and communication services through such integration between the two systems. The overarching goal of the radar sensing, communication, and learning (RaSeCoL) project is to design, analyze and validate innovative dual functional radar sensing and communication networks, to achieve improved communication quality, spectrum efficiency, and energy efficiency for the communication service while achieving accurate estimation for the sensing parameters for the sensing service through learning from the environment and massive data collected from such integrated networks. The project will introduce an integrated network architecture enabling both radar sensing and communication capabilities by implementing devices that act as both radar sensor and communication base station. Novel transceiver algorithms and signal coordination procedures will be conceived, and new sensing parameters estimation approaches from the complex combined sensing-communication signals will be targeted taking into consideration different modulation and multiple access schemes. The project will be carried out by the Experienced Researcher (ER) at the University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale (Italy), under the supervision of Prof. Stefano Buzzi. Furthermore, Huawei Mathematical and Algorithmic Research Center in Paris (France) will host the ER for a six-months secondment. The applying ER is Dr. Mohamed Elmeligy, currently a post-doctoral researcher at the college of information engineering, Shenzhen University, China.

Mots clés : co existence, dual function radar, wireless communications, joint design, machine learning, massive mimo

Participants :
- University of Cassino and Southern Lazio (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183473.28 €
Projet HYPERTHERMOX (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The increasing demand for clean energy has renewed the interest in the development of efficient thermoelectric materials (heat to electricity and vice versa). This project is focused on eco-friendly and inexpensive oxide based thermoelectric nanostructured materials, suitable to harvest energy in the medium to high temperature range, such as in automotive engines. The current challenge is to improve the conversion efficiency and this depends on three competing material parameters; the Seebeck coefficient, the electrical and the thermal conductivity. In principle the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient can be optimized by cation and/or anion substitutions. The main issue with oxides is the high thermal conductivity. Our recent discovery of phonon glass behaviour in A-site deficient Perovskite oxides and silicon nano films demonstrates that high performance thermoelectric materials can be designed using a cation vacancy engineering. In this project I will adopt an integrated approach to decrease the thermal conductivity in Perovskite titanates, manganites, and cobaltites based on the synergistic exploitation of nanostructurization, vacancy engineering, mass contrast phonon scattering and interfaces in nanocomposites to obtain large conversion efficiencies. The nanostructured oxides will be synthesized by cost effective and scalable top-down and bottom-up approaches and will be densified by using spark plasma sintering. By utilizing a wide range of characterization techniques such as powder X-ray/neutron diffractions, spectroscopic thermoelectric and magnetic measurements, thermoelectric properties will be analysed. The long-term thermal and chemical stability of these nanostructured materials will be studied. The successful completion of this project is expected to identify the key nanostructure and vacancy engineering approaches to create phonon glass – electron crystals to improve the energy conversion efficiency of oxide thermoelectric materials.

Mots clés : thermoelectric oxides, nanostructured materials, vacancy engineering, waste heat recovery, perovskites, phonon glass   electron crystal

Participants :
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 185076.0 €