Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet SILGRAFUN (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal will develop a novel strategy for processing graphene nacre-like composite materials and will address study of of their multifunctional applications as as proof-of-concept. Impedance-dominated applications such as high anticorrosive performance heat-healable coatings, excellent electromagnetic interference shields and flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors will be targeted. Our composite structures will mimic the brick-mortar layers found in natural nacre, to comply with exceptional strength and toughness requirements, and will have controllable graphene-graphene interlayer distances to tune diffusive and conductive properties as per the requirements of the target applications. The aim is to achieve a tailor-made combination of unique mechanical and electrical/diffusive properties by adapting the layered composite structure at different length scales with a simple manufacturing protocol, hence exploiting the outstanding properties of graphene and conferring our conductive composite films precisely designed functionalities.

Mots clés : graphene, nacre like conductive films, multifunctional nanocomposites, energy harvesting, advanced processing, large scale production

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet MF-Synapse (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposal will focus on the hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) synapse, formed between the axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and CA3 pyramidal neurons. The hippocampus plays an important role in learning and memory formation and MF synapses are involved in processing, storage and recall of spatial information. The MF tract connects the entorhinal cortex to CA3 pyramidal neurons. MF presynaptic terminals are large in size, forming giant synapses on proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons. Based on this structure, the MF synapse is proposed to have a key role in hippocampal function as a “detonator synapse” that reliably discharges the postsynaptic target neurons. Additionally, it is thought to be involved in storage of information in the CA3 region network by triggering synaptic plasticity between these pyramidal neurons. Despite its important role in hippocampal function and plasticity, there is still very limited information about this key synapse. This proposal will investigate the nanoscale location and distribution of presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapse and how it influences coupling at this presynaptic terminal. The opening of VGCCs at presynaptic terminals leads to calcium entry and a subsequent rise in concentration in the vicinity of the channels. The spatial volume occupied by this increased calcium concentration is referred to as calcium domains. The coupling distance between these domains and calcium sensors at the release machinery of docked synaptic vesicles is critical as it determines speed and precision of fusion of vesicles and, thus, release of neurotransmitters. Results from these observations would form the basis for a quantitative understanding of mechanisms underlying time-course of transmission and presynaptic plasticity at this synapse and thus, how it relates to their particular network function in hippocampus.

Mots clés : hippocampus, mossy fiber bouton, calcium channel distribution, coupling distance, calcium, microdomain

Participants :
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (Autriche) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 166156.8 €
Projet PhotoPhos (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

This proposed Fellowship brings together an Experienced Researcher from India (Ph.D. in Germany and Postdoc in Japan with an excellent academic and research background), with expertise in photocatalysis, methodology, and total synthesis, with an internationally recognized Host Laboratory in the UK under the expert supervision of Prof. Varinder K. Aggarwal FRS. His research interests focus on total synthesis, asymmetric synthesis, photoredox-driven processes, and the development of new reactivity in organic chemistry, in particular, boron chemistry. The successful realization of this highly interdisciplinary project will: ➢Enhance European excellence in organic synthesis and catalysis, which are fundamentally important branches of chemistry. ➢Enable the ER to acquire new skills in the field of organophosphorus chemistry, EDA complexes, metal-free reactions, and to develop new drug candidates in collaboration with a partner pharmaceutical company, which will expand his scientific knowledge and network. This proposed phosphorylation project is based on a new synthetic method recently developed in the host laboratory for photoinduced C-B bond formation under photocatalyst- and metal-free conditions. The proposed methodology will access highly valuable α-aminophosphonic acids from feedstock α-amino carboxylic acids, through a decarboxylative phosphorylation process driven by visible light. α-Aminophosphonic acids are used as antibiotics, herbicides, antitumor agents, and enzyme inhibitors, with broad applications in many areas of agriculture and medicine. To maximize the impact and application of the proposed decarboxylative phosphorylation in organic synthesis, enantioselective variants will also be developed to provide highly valuable enantioenriched α-aminophosphonic acids. Initially, an auxiliary approach with a chiral phosphorylating reagent will be used, before the extension to an enantioselective catalytic process using a chiral Brønsted acid catalyst.

Mots clés : phosphorylation, decarboxylation, electron donor acceptor  eda  complexes, visible light photocatalysis

Participants :
- University of Bristol (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 224933.76 €
Projet Nu14Mig (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposed Fellowship brings together an Experienced Researcher from India with expertise in click chemistry, transition metal catalysis, and topochemical synthesis, with an internationally recognized Host Laboratory in the UK with expertise in the development of new catalytic reactions for organic synthesis. This project will: • Provide high-quality, tailored training for an outstanding scientist (possessing an excellent publication record) who is primed for an independent research career by complementing and enhancing his competencies. • Enhance European excellence in organic synthesis and catalysis, which are fundamentally important branches of chemistry that greatly impact upon many fields, such as the fine chemicals, pharmaceutical, agrochemical, materials, and biochemical industries. The proposed research is based upon a completely new synthetic method recently discovered in the Host Laboratory that enables the generation of nucleophilic allylmetal species, which are widely employed in organic synthesis to prepare diverse compounds of interest. This method involves the catalytic carbometallation of the alkyne of a 1,3-enyne, followed by 1,4-migration of the resulting alkenylmetal species to the cis-allylic position of the enyne, which constitutes a special type of C–H functionalization reaction. The resulting allylmetal species may then be trapped by an electrophile stereoselectively. It is our strong conviction that the possibilities of this chemistry are enormous, and the end result will be a generally useful synthetic method for the preparation of valuable building blocks as single enantiomers. This fellowship will therefore help Europe to remain globally competitive in the chemical sciences.

Mots clés : transition metal catalysis, stereoselective synthesis, enantioselective catalysis

Participants :
- University of Nottingham (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet SURVIVOR (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This proposed project investigates novel ways of predicting the effects of future climate change on the survival of animal species. We will focus on a case study of two genetically and morphologically distinct wolf populations living in Eurasia. One of these survived the climate changes that have occurred over the past 40,000 years, whereas the other did not. We will describe the details of this extinction and replacement event, and determine the genetic processes that led to this difference between the two populations. To achieve this, we will carry out next-generation sequencing of wolf ancient DNA samples, and take advantage of ancient samples already collected and sequenced from across Eurasia. Together, this dataset will constitute the largest ancient wolf genome dataset ever collected. The project will end with a workshop that includes experts in climate and population viability modeling, and conservation practicioners, to explore the ways that the findings can be incorporated into future climate change mitigation planning. This workshop will provide new research avenues that the experienced researcher will be able to exploit in order to reach and reinforce a position of professional maturity and independence. The experienced researcher will also be trained in cutting edge scientific techniques and analyses, as well as a number of skills that are transferable between countries and sectors (including management, grant writing, communication and teaching), and that will facilitate his development into a research leader.

Mots clés : wolf, extinction, re colonisation, climate change, selection, demographic change

Participants :
- Swedish Museum of Natural History (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 173857.2 €
Projet The Others in Me (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research action at University College Cork (UCC) aims at shedding light on the intersection of 2 central human capacities: self-consciousness and sociality. The first concerns how humans relate to themselves, the second, how they relate to others. The overarching question that this project investigates, from a philosophical perspective, is how these seemingly distinct capacities are related to each other, given what is known in psychology. To answer it, the project focuses on a class of emotions that epitomize the intersection of these capacities: self-conscious emotions induced by others ("hetero-induced"). These emotions offer key insights into what it means for persons to be social, since in them we feel that others impact who we are. The project is divided in 2 parts, devoted, respectively, to how self-consciousness shapes sociality and how sociality shapes self-consciousness. This action has the following objectives. PART 1: Primary objective: to clarify what our capacity to experience such emotions reveals about the social nature of persons. Secondary objectives: to clarify the differences of "depth" among such emotions, their impact on behaviour and evolutionary relevance. PART 2: Primary objective: to illuminate the kind of self-understanding afforded by hetero-induced self-conscious emotions. Secondary objectives: to establish which dimension of the self is at stake in such emotions, which sort of insights we can gain through them and how relevant and reliable are these insights. This action combines my expertise in the philosophy of emotion with the expertise of my host environment at UCC in social ontology and moral psychology. The work programme includes dissemination and communication activities such as journal articles and an international workshop linked to a collective volume. The research and training at UCC will enable me to restart and enhance my career by adding a secondary specialization in social ontology, greatly fostering my prospects.

Mots clés : philosophy of emotion, self conscious emotions, hetero induced self conscious emotions, shame, pride, envy, self esteem, human sociality, social ontology, self understanding, self knowledge

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 196590.72 €
Projet REINVENT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research critically addresses the challenges pertaining to the management of cultural heritage in contested cross-border contexts in Europe. The cultural landscape of Derry~Londonderry, located in the North West of Ireland, provides the lens through which expressions of heritage values and dissonance, participatory practices in cultural heritage management, and the application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to mapping heritage a cross-border basis, are explored. The interdisciplinary research will result in the first cross-border ‘cultural heritage atlas’ on the island of Ireland, and the development of a public participation GIS (PPGIS) methodology and tool aimed at capturing the plurality of heritage values ascribed by diverse communities at multiple spatial scales. The knowledge generated will be embedded within local cultural heritage management and spatial planning networks and will also inform policies and practices. The proposed training-through-research will significantly enhance my skills and competencies as an experienced researcher, advancing previous cutting-edge work on heritage values and cross-border spatial planning, and equipping me with a range of new research methods, particularly ICT- and public participation-related, that are central to future innovation in cultural heritage management in Europe. Maynooth University, given the quality of the supervisory arrangements and the location of several research resources actively engaged in cross-border cooperation, provides an optimal setting for this research and for progressing to the next stage of my research career.

Mots clés : heritage values, cultural landscapes, dissonance, cross border, ppgis, spatial planning

Participants :
- National University of Ireland (Irlande) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175866.0 €
Projet YouthExistInTourism (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research focuses on how within two contexts –in the Global North in Lisbon, and in the Global South in Goa – young people negotiate landscapes of touristification and neoliberalisation that relate to their futures. Exponential urban redevelopment, climate change and heightened capitalism manifest in both places through changes made to accommodate an economy focused on tourism-boosting. Austerity in Portugal, and a boost to tourism-centred jobs in Goa has resulted in young people leaving in search of jobs elsewhere. However, a large portion continue to stay back in these geographies and are employed by the tourism industry which paradoxically gentrifies them. This research will aim to understand how young people make sense of their futures through new, gig economies in rapidly changing job landscapes, whilst simultaneously making space for themselves by negotiating this very environment - they therefore resist while also existing. It will consider potential conflicts and shared understandings, while making sense of the entanglements of youth job cultures, future considerations, and the relationship to a sense of place. Sharing a history, albeit of colonialism, (Portugal colonised Goa from 1510 until 1961 after which the latter was taken over by India) makes for a novel perspective of Global North-South as well as a post-colonial dynamic which is missing from existing knowledge. The project will use a cross-cultural case study approach, with qualitative research methods in line with critical ethnography. The project will be strengthened by the multi-disciplinary background of the researcher in sociology and geography, alongside contribution from other disciplinary perspectives through researchers at the host institution. It aims to create both academic outputs as well as material and content for public engagement and dissemination.

Mots clés : youth studies, tourism in society, youth career futures, young people in work

Participants :
- University of Lisbon (Portugal) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 147815.04 €
Projet AXIONOVI (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research investigates innovatory practices and the importance of novelty in eighteenth-century France by considering the specific case of fashion in women’s coiffures. At the crossroads of cultural and material history, it will examine how the search for novelty governed the coiffures trade and how these practices contributed to shape the concept of novelty, at a crucial moment when it became a core attribute of modernity. By focussing on the innovatory strategies of the different actors involved in the creation and the commercialisation of fashionable coiffures, the research will attempt for the first time to map a field, which is still uncharted despite its importance during the Ancien Régime. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, from merchants’ account books to fashion plates and advertisements, and combining different historiographical approaches, this project will shed light on the relations between merchants in different trades, fashion journal editors, customers and government agencies. The investigation will also address the importance of novelty in global trade and foreign imaginaries, by analysing the relationship between economic and symbolic conceptions of value. This undertaking will reassess the role of fashion in the culture and economy of eighteenth-century France: through new archival research it aims to re-connect fashion with the wider philosophical and economic reflexion on the notion of novelty in the Ancien Régime The project also includes a practical component through the recreation of historical coiffures in a fashion museum. This hands-on research methodology, documented in a blog, will not only offer a better understanding of how these hairstyles were made, but it will also reflect on the utility of re-creation both in historical research and in museum exhibitions. Thus, this investigation will propose an embodied critical reflexion on the value of novelty, a timely attempt to address an issue in urgent need of historicization.

Mots clés : material history of fashion, history of coiffure, 18th century french studies, history of value, axiology, practices of innovation

Participants :
- European University Institute (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175673.28 €
Projet VIRCOLLAB (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

This research program aims to enhance understanding of the effects of virtual proximity on knowledge spillover, by studying how distant researchers interacting together virtually at an online event affects subsequent knowledge co-production and diffusion, respectively using collaborative publication and citation behaviour as proxies. Similar to physical proximity that relies on face-to-face interactions between individuals to establish potential collaborative links, virtual conferences attempt to create a virtual sense of spatial proximity. Thus, this proposal introduces a new dimension of proximity – virtual proximity. Although it lacks the direct connections to other attendees afforded by physical conferences, virtual proximity is defined as a setting where individuals can still interact together virtually on a common topic of interest. A hybrid research methodology is used for the project, with one part consisting of quantitative analysis using primarily archival data, and the second part consisting of qualitative interviews to not only substantiate the quantitative results but also to better understand the underlying mechanisms. To mitigate endogeneity issues, I will use a difference-in-differences model to contrast a sample of researchers who participated in virtual conferences to a matched sample of qualitatively similar sample of researchers – in terms of research area, prior productivity, prior citations and experience – who did not attend, before and after the virtual meeting. Given path dependence of research, the finding of positive relationships would imply that over time the cumulative effect on knowledge spillover from virtual proximity has a significant impact in steering the research path of participants. Moreover, the results would also suggest that even when researchers are proximate virtually for a short period of time, they can reap similar collaborative benefits to permanent and temporary colocation.

Mots clés : collaborations

Participants :
- École supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €