Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet PHILANTHROPIC RULE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Scholars interested in Global Governance and international authority favour a broadly Weberian idea of legitimacy as the explanation for the stability and effectiveness of international authority. However, I expand here the focus of analysis in order to include additional concepts like “commonality of interests” and “means of domination”, which are crucial for Weber, but absent from the IR literature on international authority. Among the means of domination, knowledge is of particular importance because it distinguishes the rational from the other types of domination, which explains why knowledge, experts, and diplomats have become an increasingly important topic for IR scholars interested in organizations and in authority. The potential consequences of international authority at local level, like resistance and protection, also receive their due consideration. To put it in a nutshell, what this project pretends is to offer a better account of how donor organizations transfer knowledge, money, goods, salaries to local organizations like universities and research centres, purportedly with the intention of making possible for recipients to pursue their educative policies goals and policies. In reality, I submit, these are “means of domination” that foundations and IOs award local actors so that they operate teaching programs and research projects chosen by the patrons or, in other words, in order to move local actors to collaborate in realizing the goals of donors. In empirical terms, the question is to what extent international organizations – UNESCO, ONU – and transnational ones – philanthropic foundations like Rockefeller and Ford – succeed or failed in their efforts to wield influence on academic organizations, more specifically on teaching and research in the social sciences, in Latin America during the post-war years (1945-1973).


Participants :
- Leibniz Association (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 159460.8 €
Projet Fullerene_PSC (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Science is essential to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals implemented in the European Agenda 2030 towards the use of sustainable and clean energy. Solar energy, as the cleanest and the largest exploitable resource of energy, can potentially meet the growing requirements for the whole world’s energy needs beyond fossil fuels. Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation solar cells as their power conversion eciency (PCE) has rapidly increased up to 25.2%. With the goal to boost their commercialization, Fullerenes and derivatives have been introduced in PSC devices to improve the stability, suppress the hysteresis, and reduce the high temperatures commonly used to fabricate these devices. Developing novel fullerene derivatives for improving further the PCE and stability of PSCs is still highly desirable yet challenging. Nevertheless, it is not extensively explored the role of fullerene derivatives in PSC devices and it is still not thoroughly investigated how binding groups of fullerenes interact with perovskite surface and their influence in the electron mobility. In this project, the state-of-the-art computational chemistry will be used to understand the fullerene-perovskite interactions with the goal to rationally design new fullerene derivatives to improve the stability and efficiency of PSC devices. Density functional calculations will be employed to investigate the fullerene orientation on perovskite surfaces, binding energy, bandgap, the exciton delocalization and charge transfer in the fullerene-perovskite complexes in order to establish descriptors and correlations with the experimental data. The descriptors will be used to predict the preferred functionalization of fullerenes in order to conscientiously design the fullerene derivatives for PSC devices in order to take a step forward towards the future commercialization of these low-cost solar cell devices.

Mots clés : solar cells, fullerenes, perovskites, renewable energies, density functional calculations, charge transfer, periodic boundary conditions

Participants :
- University of Girona (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet BIOPTAL (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

Scientific community is increasingly paying attention to new efficient preventive and therapeutic approaches aimed to limit the spread of classical and emergent microbial infections in animal farming, namely aquaculture. To date, several synthetic antimicrobial agents have been used to control bacterial infections in shellfish and fish cultured worldwide. However, around 90% of the aquatic bacteria are resistant to at least one antibiotic which will represent a threat to human health in a near future. Marine species compose around half of the total global biodiversity and considering their special living environment (in close contact with microbes), composition and properties (e.g., antibacterial, antiviral, antitumoral), these organisms have gained substantial importance as a “gold mine” of new natural bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and toxins. Therefore, BIOPTAL “Bioactive Octopus peptides with potential to aquaculture” proposal will focus on high-throughput protein search from unparalleled and under-explored reservoirs of peptide diversity – cephalopods – and their putative targets, through a multidisciplinary research that contemplates in vivo experimental challenges as engines to assure a broad screening of natural compounds by accounting the fact that cephalopods evolve differently from almost every other organism. In fact, e.g., octopuses, routinely edit their RNA sequences to adapt to their environment. This means that some important peptides with antimicrobial or other relevant properties to several industries must only occur under particular conditions, that researchers do not assess without simulate that conditions at the lab. Thus, BIOPTAL will integrate challenges, in silico multi-omics analyses and in vitro tests in order to “biodiscovery” peptides as novel therapeutic solutions from common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) to fight the appearance and persistence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains in the aquaculture sector.

Mots clés : antibiotic resistant bacteria, cephalopods, octopus vulgaris, natural compounds, in vivo challenges, amps, toxins, proteogenomics, in vitro tests, aquaculture

Participants :
- University of Murcia (Espagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 160932.48 €
Projet SIRCIW (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Cofund Postdoctoral programme
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Scientists in Wales are efficient, productive, collaborative, impactful and in many cases world leading. Recent evidence shows scientific excellence but a lack of critical mass in areas most likely to drive a knowledge economy through innovation and translation. This application forms the foundation of the 'Sêr Cymru (Stars Wales) II Programme' designed to produce a step change in Welsh scientific capacity, building on excellence and investing in early career researchers. This integrated proposal marries Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND fellowships with European Structural Funds, university, industrial and Welsh Government funding to bring in 140 new fellowships (90 via SIRCIW) in strategic areas including clinical science, engineering, physics, mathematics and applied Social Sciences. The Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) programme, 'Strengthening International Research Capacity in Wales' (SIRCIW) will support recruitment of experienced researchers of all nationalities into Wales. Fellows will be given employment contracts at their host university, will be encouraged to spend time out in different sectors, and will benefit from a programme of bespoke and innovative training (through organisations such as the Leadership Foundation and Vox Coaching), to help develop the research leaders of the future. Applications will be driven by fellows themselves. Selection to the programme will be done using tested, merit-based methods and funding decisions will be independent of nationality, discipline, age, career breaks etc. The selection committee will be made up of national & international experts with a broad base of scientific knowledge and experience of funding/training panels. Their assessments will be assisted via the use of external, international, peer review. Membership of the panel will be balanced for gender, age and background. A strict policy for ethical issues will be adhered to via a 'Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) committee, and programme quality will be monitored with regular reviews.

Mots clés : building research capacity, wales, fellowships, international, research careers, leadership and management development, public engagement, industry, science excellence, universities, cohort

Participants :
- Welsh Government (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 9558000.0 €
Projet Alexander Krauss (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Scientists rarely question the scientific methods – and their related complex theory, strong assumptions and problematic quantitative techniques – used to generate the causes and laws in their particular scientific models, which is the guiding research question of this project. Better understanding the limits of using mathematical and statistical methods in science is important for research and policy, because these methods all lead to some degree of biased results and scientists using them often misguidedly claim to establish strong causal relationships. This research project will investigate the underlying assumptions of quantitative methods by critically assessing the leading, most cited academic studies across the sciences that all use some form of mathematical and statistical methods. By combining theoretical, methodological and empirical analysis, this research project will help disentangle the links between the actual methods applied by scientists and the causal effects and scientific laws they claim to identify in their models. Identified causes and laws need to always be understood in the context of the different methods used to express them. This research project thus aims to address the gaps in the literature on scientific methodology by providing insight and knowledge into the large set of important assumptions and limitations behind mathematical and statistical methods used to identify causes and scientific laws. By helping to increase awareness among scientists about these biases and constraints and by outlining ways to better combine multiple methods, this project also aims to help improve scientific practice. More broadly, it hopes to help improve how we understand scientific methodology and thus science and evidence-based policymaking.

Mots clés : limits of scientific methods, scientific methodology, philosophy of science

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 183454.8 €
Projet ScolioSIM (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Scoliosis is a 3D musculoskeletal disorder of the spine that affects the quality of life and physical ability of patients. Almost 80% of all cases comprise of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with an estimated prevalence of 36 million new patients worldwide by 2050. The drawback of current diagnostic methods in AIS assessment is their harmful effect, especially due to the multiple radiographic exposures required for monitoring disease progression. A new generation of optical techniques for estimating curvature of the spine and evaluating deformity-related changes from a 3D digitalized surface of the patient’s back are considered as an alternative to ionizing methods. However, none of these non-ionizing approaches have been applied to calculate the internal parameters of AIS and neglect the 3D complexity of the internal spinal structure. The proposed action aims to test and improve a markerless computer-aided optical solution (ScolioSIM1.0) that can generate a 3D model of the patient-specific scoliotic spine, and to reliably predict internal and external biomechanical characteristics and parameters of AIS without exposing patients to ionizing radiation. This process includes the development of a novel computational algorithm for online monitoring of AIS after treatment and regular follow-ups (ScolioSIM2.0) and its integration into the first multi-modular web-based platform (ScolioMedIS). The fellowship involves an experienced candidate, Dr Saša Ćuković, from UniKg, Serbia to conduct this multidisciplinary and innovative project at ETH Zurich in the group of Prof. Dr William R. Taylor. The action also provides opportunities for two-way knowledge transfer in the field of musculoskeletal modelling, computational biomechanics and new ICT methods thus, presenting a clear target for the fellow to reach professional independence through research and intense training, and for the host to broaden research domains specifically in the field of spinal disorder biomechanics.

Mots clés : adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, non invasive 3d digital diagnosis, patient specific 3d models, spine, scoliosis monitoring, computational model, spinal biomechanics

Participants :
- Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (Suisse) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191149.44 €
Projet SeCtOR ENABleRs (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

SeCtOR ENABleRs aims to develop a convenient kit for the production of partially customizable organs-on-chip. The main motivations that lead us to get involved in this effort are to provide the scientific community of an easy-to-use, economically convenient and standardized microfluidic platform. This is expected to facilitate and promote the diffusion of advanced 3D cell culture systems in routine analyses and make results obtained from different experiences/laboratories more comparable. In this view we envisage possible applications in the field of stem cell biology, personalized medicine, toxicology as well as advanced pre-clinical trials. The kit main components are an ad hoc designed thermoplastic chip and a set of collagenous formulations. The chip design will allow the integration of a thermo-controller device compatible with live cell imaging techniques. A biomimetic approach and a cell-friendly crosslinking strategy will allow to control the composition and the mechanical properties of the collagenous formulations, thus approaching the complexity of natural cell environment. The flexibility of the kit will be demonstrated by obtaining vascularized neuronal and bone models using commercially available cells. Although some risky steps areforeseeable, the innovation in this project is more represented by the concept of organs on chip platform standardization than in significant disruptive breakthroughs. We are convinced that the accessibility to a convenient, standardized and flexible platform is the key to exploit the huge potentialities demonstrated by microfluidics organs on chip. The implementation of the proposed multidisciplinary work plan in an industrial environment will contribute to obtain unconventional complementary skills; understanding of the industrial perspective and needs and will finally guarantee the full exploitation of the project outcomes by establishing future SME/academics collaboration projects.

Mots clés : organs on chip, collagenous hydrogels, microfluidics

Participants :
- Cherry Biotech (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 185076.0 €
Projet OSeaIce (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Sea ice in the Arctic region is retreating at fast pace with potential impacts on the weather and climate at mid and high latitudes, as well as the biosphere and society. Sea-ice loss is driven by anthropogenic global warming, atmospheric circulation changes, climate feedbacks, and ocean heat transport. To date, no clear consensus regarding the detailed impact of the latter (ocean heat transport) on Arctic sea ice exists. Conversely, the changing sea ice also affects ocean heat transport, but this effect is much less studied. Therefore, this action proposes to explore the two-way interactions between ocean heat transport and Arctic sea ice. To this end, we will use a state-of-the-art global climate model (EC-Earth) and perform different sensitivity experiments to gain insights into these important interactions. Based on the results from these experiments, we will refine model projections of Arctic sea ice. Comparison to observations will be carried out to ensure that model simulations are realistic. We will also assess the impact of model spatial resolution on the relationships between ocean heat transport and Arctic sea ice, as an extension of the work performed within the EU PRIMAVERA project (PRocess-based climate sIMulation: AdVances in high resolution modelling and European climate Risk Assessment). This action will allow to provide more reliable and robust information on regional Arctic sea-ice present and future changes to users and stakeholders. Finally, this project is highly interdisciplinary as it combines three key components of the climate system (i.e. the ocean, sea ice, and atmosphere), and will be done in collaboration with the NordForsk ARCPATH project (Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient, Sustainable Societies), which focuses on improving Arctic climate predictions and better understanding socio-economic impacts of Arctic changes.


Participants :
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (Suède) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 101926.08 €
Projet FILM-HIV (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Seeing is believing. Under that premise, optical microscopy has become one of the most prominent observation technologies in life sciences. However, the spatial resolution of conventional optical microscopes is limited to around 250 nm. This raises the question on how we can apply this technique to the study the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a 120 nm large particle that is responsible for 1 million deaths every year. It seemed impossible, since the spatial resolution limit is caused by the diffraction of light and therefore a fundamental physical barrier. However, the development of super-resolution (sub-diffraction) fluorescence microscopy techniques, an emerging field awarded with the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, is providing new tools that are awakening optical microscopy-based virus research. My proposed project FILM-HIV (Fluorescence Imaging & Live Microscopy of HIV) aims to apply state-of-the-art advanced super-resolution microscopy techniques to monitor and study (i) viral cell entry, and (ii) the action mechanism of potent anti-HIV antibodies that are able to block this process. I, Pablo Carravilla, have chosen the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology in Jena, Germany, as my host institution to develop my project under the supervision of the renowned scientist Prof. Christian Eggeling, where I will be trained in highly advanced super-resolution microscopy and plasma membrane organization studies. As part of my research I will carry out a secondment at one of the best university biomedical institutions in Europe - the Medical Sciences Division of the University of Oxford. The acquired skills in combination with my knowledge on HIV, viral membranes and antibodies, will allow for a cutting-edge study of a process that is critical to the infection cycle of HIV, the causative agent of the most lethal pandemic of our times: the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Mots clés : super resolution fluorescence imaging, quantitative microscopy, membrane fusion

Participants :
- Leibniz Association (Allemagne) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 162806.4 €
Projet FibrillarMICROSTRUCT (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Chemistry
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Semiconducting polymers have attracted extensive attention due to their potential applications in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs), but it is still a great challenge to modulate their microstructure in a controllable way. In this proposal, I will outline how the controllable growth of a fibrillar microstructure can be realized using diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) polymers. On the one hand, quasi polymer crystals such as fibers or wires will be deposited, leading to the fabrication of high-mobility transistors due to an almost complete elimination of grain boundaries. Such quasi polymer crystals will provide an ideal platform for the investigation of charge carrier transport. On the other hand, hierarchical microstructures of DPP polymers with two distinct characteristic fiber diameters will be grown in polymer/fullerene blend films in a controllable way, in which the thick fibrils (~100 nm) will be beneficial for the charge carrier transport and the thin fibrils (~10 nm) will facilitate the exciton generation and charge separation in polymer solar cells. The controllable growth of a fibrillar microstructure including quasi polymer crystals and hierarchical microstructures will allow me to systematically study the correlation between film microstructure and device performance in both OFETs and OPVs. This will open new prospects for the fabrication of high-performance polymer electronic devices and create the opportunity to reveal the intrinsic mechanism of charge carrier transport in semiconducting polymers.

Mots clés : polymer solar cell, polymer transistor, polymer fibril, charge transport

Participants :
- Eindhoven University of Technology (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 165598.8 €