Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet CAPABLE (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

CAPABLE’s long term objective is to develop a complex lidar spectrometer that allows us to measure vertically resolved profiles of trace gases, chemical components in particles, and bio-aerosols in atmospheric aerosol pollution. This information can be used for studies of the effect of the vertical distribution of aerosol and gas pollution on climate forcing, air quality, and human health. Impact on economically sensitive areas like air traffic safety caused by, e.g. volcanic plumes and desert dust, will be a spin-out product of our work. This lidar spectrometer will be based on simultaneous, vertically and spectrally resolved measurements of Raman and photoluminescence (PL)/fluorescence spectrums. In the first stage we develop the technique to the point that we can identify some of the most important climate-relevant aerosol components in a qualitative manner and we will develop computer models that will allow us to verify our measurement results on the basis of theoretical simulations. The models will form an end-to-end simulator that will allow us to develop and design the basic concepts of a Raman and PL spectroscopy lidar and necessary hardware specifications and explore the detection limits for the mobile measurement channel that can be installed in existing lidars. In the second stage, which can in part be achieved in this twoyear funding period we want to improve the methodology so that we can quantify at least some of the components, preferably to the level of profiles of mass concentrations measured under ambient atmospheric conditions. The third stage, which goes beyond the main purpose of our project, will explore the concept of Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) for chemical aerosol characterization. CARS could allow for detection of atmospheric pollutants with significantly higher sensitivity, and thus result in much shorter data integration times.

Mots clés : lidar, remote sensing, chemical characterization, aerosols, trace gases, air pollutions, raman, scattering, photoluminescence, fluorescence, coherent anti stokes raman spectroscopy

Participants :
- University of Hertfordshire (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet CARS-CO2 (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

CARS-CO2 is a multidisciplinary project that is centred on the carbonatation of sulphates to establish a novel route to capture and store atmospheric CO2. The two main objectives of this project are: (i) improve our understanding of the crystallization process of sulphates and carbonates at mild hydrothermal conditions, and (ii) study the mechanism, kinetics and stability of the carbonatation of sulphates. Both objectives are paramount to accomplish our foremost goal, which is to evaluate the potential of sulphate carbonatation as a “sequestrator” of CO2. To achieve this, several state-of-the-art laboratory and synchrotron-based scattering techniques will be used to monitor in situ the mineral formation and transformation reactions. To complement the body of bulk mineralization data, during a secondment, isotopic fingerprinting will be used to determine the role of magnesium in the transformation reaction and to define if the transformation is solid state or solution mediated. The results obtained in this project will not only shed light on how CaSO4-based (waste) materials can help to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere but will also further unveil the formation mechanisms of sulphates and carbonates for relevant environmental conditions on Earth and Mars.

Mots clés : nucleation, crystal growth, calcium sulphates, calcium carbonates, hydrothermal conditions, carbonatation of sulphates, co2 sequestration

Participants :
- Université Grenoble Alpes (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 184707.84 €
Projet EXO-CHIP (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Microfluidics have become a powerful tool in biotechnology and life sciences, whereas the nanofluidic regime remains widely unused in industry and the clinical environment. Especially protein misfolding diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, recently experience a growing demand for single-molecule detection capabilities, as the assembly process of a single corrupted protein is correlated with its aggregation propensity and spread of the disease. Conventional microfluidic methods to study relevant biomarkers and aggregates involve fluorescent labelling, which alters the samples' properties and puts additional constraints on experimental design. We therefore seek for methods to study macromolecules (in particular: exosomes, oligomers) in a label-free manner in solution without chemically altering their properties. To overcome this limitation, the project combines innovative nanofluidic technology with cutting-edge label-free microscopy techniques. First, hybrid 2-photon lithography is used for the scalable cost-effective nanofabrication of nanofluidic polymer chips. Secondly, these chips are then employed for the detection and sizing of exosomes (<100 nm) and alpha-synuclein protein aggregates (<12 nm) in solution using label-free imaging methods (e.g. QPM and DUVM). The approach presented here, allows protein misfolding researchers to study oligomerization more efficiently by running orders of magnitude more experiments with same already limited material, and greatly increases availability of nanofluidic chips for protein metrology in existing biological laboratories. New expertise, excellence, management skills and scientific training acquired during the action, prepare the researcher for a role as independent dementia research group leader in Europe, using state-of-the-art nanotechnology to establish nanofluidic single-molecule detection of protein aggregates and macromolecules as new golden golden standard in life sciences research.

Mots clés : nanofluidics two photon lithography label free microscopy quantitative phase microscopy protein aggregation exosomes alpha synuclein tau

Participants :
- Université de Tromsø (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet BECAME (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The goal of the Bilingual Experiences, Cognitive Ageing and underlying Mechanisms (BECAME) project is to examine the functional neuroplastic mechanisms underlying mitigatory effects of bilingual experience on age-related cognitive decline. While evidence is available for structural brain changes supporting bilingualism-induced effects on cognitive aging (CA), functional mechanisms underlying such effects are not yet well understood. BECAME aims to fill this gap by investigating the trajectory of bilingualism-induced functional neuroplasticity across the adult lifespan (ages 18-85), crucially adopting an individual differences approach related to measurable degree of bilingual engagement. Importantly, although such benefits are thought to be rooted early in the lifespan, evidence for the timeframe and conditions of their early emergence is scarce. The choice of including the whole adult lifespan allows us to investigate these mechanisms and their emergence more directly from a lifespan perspective. I combine behavioral testing with brain recordings via electroencephalography (EEG). EEG is widely used in cognitive neuroscience to assess brain activity and the degree of communication between brain regions (functional connectivity) in response to stimuli and at rest. Combining behavioral and EEG modalities will allow me to test bilingualism’s effect on functional connectivity, as well as its consequences for functional efficiency, the minimum required neural activation to successfully perform a task. This will enable a detailed, evidence-based account of the protective effects observed in older-aged bilinguals, and how they are built from earlier life stages. By illuminating the relationship between multilingualism and resulting neurocognitive adaptations, BECAME will enable to capitalize on it as a health initiative, with manifold societal implications and the potential to be translated into actionable policies exploiting multilingualism to ameliorate effects of CA.

Mots clés : bilingualism, cognitive aging, multilingualism, cognitive reserve, eeg, functional connectivity, oscillatory activity, neurocognitive adaptations

Participants :
- Université de Tromsø (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet KIDSONCLIMATE (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

What does it mean to grow up learning about politics in a context marked by the climate crisis? What if your first awareness of a political issue was one that politicians seem unable to solve? KIDSONCLIMATE investigates how young teenagers’ awareness of the climate crisis, and the emotions it generates, might impact their (dis)engagement with politics at different levels (national, local, European). It uses existing quantitative data from the IEA International Civics and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) along with innovative qualitative methodologies with 13-year-olds and their parents in two countries (Belgium and France) to ask: how do the emotions generated by the climate crisis impact young teens’ support for the political system they live in and their feelings of political belonging? What are the social, political, educational, and media factors that influence these emotions? At a time when the effects of the climate crisis are ever more visible and dramatic, and many young people are turning away from institutional politics, or towards populism and the far right, we urgently need to understand how the emotions resulting from this context might impact how young people feel about their political system and their place within it.

Mots clés : political socialization, emotions and politics, youth and politics, political attitudes, environmental education, generational renewal, climate change

Participants :
- Université catholique de Louvain (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 216240.0 €
Projet SWCW-EGCBricks (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2024)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Information Science and Engineering
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The SWCW-EGCBricks project focuses on developing lightweight, high-strength engineered geopolymer composites (EGCs) bricks using seawater and construction and demolition waste (CDW). The use of geopolymers and upcycled concrete waste will address sustainability challenges by reducing environmental impact while maintaining high material performance. The project will introduce seawater to replace fresh water during manufacturing, reducing costs and promoting the use of renewable resources in the building industry.  Following the pyramid principle of emerging composite material design, the project will be achieved through three key objectives: (1) determine the formulation of geopolymer, using a systematic approach to optimize the performance of the geopolymer when it is working with concrete waste and seawater; (2) establish a multi-scale model based on experimental microstructural and mechanical analysis to predict the performance of EGCs with varying fiber content, focusing on strength, toughness, and weight reduction; and (3) conduct manufacturing trails for EGC bricks, with durability and mechanical investigation, along with footprint calculation. To ensure accurate results, a combination of laboratory-scale trials and multiscale modeling techniques will be applied. Advanced microstructural characterization techniques such as SEM, XRD, and 3D microtomography will be employed to analyze the interaction between fibers and the geopolymer matrix. The project will also develop a predictive model that links fiber content to mechanical properties, guiding the optimization process for a high-performance, eco-friendly product.  In addition to experimental work, the project will include a comprehensive environmental assessment, evaluating the carbon footprint of the materials developed. This will ensure that the new bricks align with the objectives of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting circular construction practices.

Mots clés : sustainable building material, composites, geopolymer, construction waste upcycling, micro structure analysis, multi scale model

Participants :
- Université catholique de Louvain (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 216240.0 €
Projet I3W (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

I3W aims at generating empirical knowledge and novel theories to explain the joint distribution of work, wealth, and welfare in the population using macroeconomic theory, structural quantitative models, and micro data. Specifically, I3W’s overall goal will be achieved through the following research objectives and their corresponding work packages (WP):  I. Develop a macroeconomic framework of the drivers of welfare inequality. In WP1 I will develop a model based on expected utility—a function of lifetime consumption, lifetime leisure, and life expectancy and their joint distributions—for measuring inequality in economic well-being within a country using rich longitudinal datasets. This framework will allow me to measure and decompose the welfare inequality in a selection of European countries and compare to the US over time, allowing a deeper understanding of the observed heterogeneity in the population along various dimensions: life expectancy, hours worked, wealth, income, consumption, and ultimately also welfare. II. Analyze underlying factors affecting the drivers: the case of inequality of leisure in relation to access to insurance. In WP2 I will test the hypothesis that better insurance, interpreted in its most general form, leads to a more positive correlation between wages and hours worked. I will base my arguments on observations from micro data, show it theoretically using a theory of labor supply that is consistent with cross-country evidence, evidence over time, and evidence from micro data, and quantify the importance in practice with a carefully calibrated heterogenous-agent model. The outputs of WP1 and WP2 will be two working papers that will push the current boundaries of the welfare inequality research field while providing policymakers a tool box for the analysis and comparison across European countries of welfare inequality and its drivers.

Mots clés : inequality, heterogeneous agents, macro health, micro data and macro models, labor supply, consumption savings decisions, life expectancy

Participants :
- NHH Norwegian School of Economics (Norvège) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 210911.04 €
Projet GUD EU Law (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2021)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : SIGNED

‘GUD EU Law – Governing the Urban Dimension of EU Law’ explores how constitutional principles can enhance integration of urban policies with the European Union (EU) legal order. It critically analyses EU judgements and practices of the EU Urban Agenda to provide a richer understanding of how EU law impacts environmental sustainability and social inequalities in EU cities. Based on this, it will advance proposals for a refashioned interpretation of constitutional principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, constructing an empirically-based understanding of when and how EU institutions should regulate policies with implications on urban spaces. GUD EU Law innovatively combines doctrinal legal research with critical geography’s contextual case analysis and semi-structured interviews to experts. Conceptually, it analyses trends the effects of EU law on urban spaces reveal about limits and possibilities of the EU to solve urgent societal issues, advancing debates on constitutionalism, policy and sociology. To achieve these objectives, I will be supervised by Prof. Le Galès at Sciences Po’s Center for EU Studies and Comparative Politics, a top institute home to one of the largest multidisciplinary groups studying public policies at EU and city level. Besides enhancing my scientific knowledge and skills, as well as my international network and profile as independent researcher, thereby improving my career opportunities, the project will advance EU research excellence and raise institutional and public awareness about the need for governing the urban dimension of EU law. I will distil findings in two journal articles, and formulate evidence-based proposals to govern the urban dimension of the EU in a policy brief. Dissemination to scientific and policy community will involve an urban lab and a multi-stakeholder conference. Communication to wider audiences will involve a course, a newspaper article, and interactive city maps.

Mots clés : constitutional law eu law cities and law subsidiarity proportionality urban governance urbanization sustainability eu green deal city missions eu multilevel legal order eu policies

Participants :
- Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 211754.88 €
Projet ENLIGHTENS (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2023)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The ENLIGHTENS project focuses on investigating how dimensions influence the dynamics, stability, and characteristics of dissipative solitons (DS) within externally driven multimode Kerr cavities. DS are fascinating localized structures that maintain their inherent shapes during propagation, owing to a delicate balance between the nonlinear Kerr effect, linear dispersion/diffraction, gain, and dissipative processes. These states retain their temporal profiles along the propagation direction, forming temporal solitons, or preserve spatial profiles orthogonal to the propagation direction, leading to the emergence of spatial solitons. Spatiotemporal solitons (STDS) represent a class of states that not only maintain spatial but also temporal profiles, exhibiting complex dynamics. However, such states tend to be vulnerable to wave collapse. In this context, the ENLIGHTENS project seeks to explore the dimensional aspects affecting the stability of DS as dimensions increase and develop strategies to enhance their stability. My preliminary findings suggest that phase modulation has the potential to expand the stability range within 1D temporal DS and could potentially stabilize 3D STDS. Within this framework, I will further conduct a comprehensive bifurcation analysis of these 1D temporal dissipative states under various influences, laying the groundwork for further investigation. Subsequently, I will focus on the transition of these 1D states by introducing spatial effects as a weak perturbation that later becomes a dominant factor in the system. This methodology enables me to progressively tackle increasing complexity, facilitating the study of high-dimensional problems in a step-by-step fashion. Understanding these states holds paramount significance and carries the potential for groundbreaking advancements across diverse technological domains, including the development of innovative multidimensional Kerr frequency combs.

Mots clés : dissipative solitons, kerr cavity, spatiotemporal solitons, bifurcatioin analysis, fibers

Participants :
- Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 175920.0 €
Projet TiMe (Horizon Europe, appel à projets 2022)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

Memory is crucial in living organisms and computers, but is also a hallmark of complex materials such as crumpled paper, glasses or sheared foams. Memory manifests itself in a stunning variety, and is central both in fundamental research and for applications (ageing, adaptive matter, programmable matter). A new picture based on novel theoretical concepts, related to the pathways of transitions between metastable states recently appeared, and lead to a flurry of activity. But so far, this work focused mostly on quasistatic memory effects, where the duration of the input does not matter. Yet, time-dependent memory effects are encountered in many complex systems, and their microscopic origin is often unclear. I therefore propose to study time-dependent memory and pathways in a model mechanical system, explicitly tailored to exhibit time-dependent memory, while allowing direct observations and manipulations. Specifically, I will use viscoelastic thin strips that can toggle via a snap-through instability between two states as a basic building block to create systems with emergent time-dependent memory. This project provides the key to experimentally probe and reveal the mechanisms of time-dependent memory in matter, as well as to design and create systems with complex programmable pathways. I divide my project in three work packages: WP1. First, I will study the snapping of viscoelastic strips, that will constitute the basic elements of this model system. WP2. Next, I will assemble several of these strips to monitor the emergence of time-dependent memory effects and study both their global aspects and pathways of transitions. WP3.Finally, I will aim to control time-dependent memory and design complex systems with predefined pathways. Leveraging the versatility and experimental accessibility of model mechanical In this project, I propose to use instabilities in viscoelastic strips to explore, understand and control the emergence of time dependent memory effects in matter.

Mots clés : memory formation, mechanical instabilities, viscoelasticity, metamaterials

Participants :
- Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgique) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 191760.0 €