Data-Gouv-ML/pcri-actions-marie-curie-participations-et-projets-laureats huggingface dataset:
Projet BIOIMD (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The interaction between medicine and technology allows the development of new implantable medical devices (IMDs) to detect or monitor diseases inside the human body. The key challenge is to supply continuous power to the IMDs. Conventional strategy to use the implantable battery suffers from limited lifetime, maintenance problem, hazardous chemicals and requirement of periodic replacement through surgery which eventually increase patient health risk. In this context, scavenging electricity from biomechanical energy sources using piezoelectric energy harvester is a smart strategy for realizing self-powered implantable bioelectronics, since it can harvest electric energy from inexhaustible slight motions of organs such as heart, lungs, and diaphragm. In this regard, the devices should be flexible and at the same time biodegradable to avoid invasive removal surgery that can damage directly interfaced tissues. Despite recent achievements in self-powered electronic devices, there is still a tremendous need to develop an efficient self-powered IMD which only relies on safe medical materials. In this context, the focus of the project is to develop high performance natural piezo-electric polymer based biodegradable IMD which can be absorbed by the body after certain period of time without any adhere toxicity. In addition, we will emphasize on material science, underlying concepts in mechanics and associated engineering strategies in device construction. The key design strategies for the piezoelectric device based self-powered IMD will adopt interdisciplinary approach from materials science (nanopillar configurations), chemistry (organic bio-polymers processing), applied physics (modeling, theoretical simulation), engineering (IMD circuit design) and biology (device implantation). This collective concept suggests a promising future across a range of fields, particularly in biomedical engineering, nanoneurotechnology and next-generation wireless implantable biomedical device.

Mots clés : piezoelectric energy harvesting, biomedical device

Participants :
- National Research Council (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 171473.28 €
Projet GeoInSight (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2016)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Environment and Geosciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The internal structure of Mars provides valuable insights into the differentiation and thermal evolution history of the planet. InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) robotic lander, planned to launch for Mars in May 2018, will be the first lander using a seismometer to investigate the interior structure of Mars. However, the geologic context and subsurface structure of the landing site, which is crucial for understanding the geophysical data to be acquired by the mission, has not been well-established. Here I propose to organise a comprehensive study to constrain the subsurface geology using a suite of datasets acquired by previous orbital missions. I will work with Prof Cathy Quantin-Nataf at University of Lyon, taking advantage of the Mars dataset system (MarsSI) developed in the host lab. Through completion of a combined, thorough analysis of the morphology and thermophysical properties of the surface units, I will establish the boundary and time relationships of surface geological units. I can also characterize chemical and structural discontinuities in the crust, from investigation of impact craters that expose the mineralogy of the subsurface. The synthesis of these results will allow for reconstruction of the subsurface stratigraphic model for the interpretation of seismic data. This proposal demonstrates the transfer of knowledge to the host institution Claude Bernard University of Lyon 1; the training of the candidate in Mars geology research as well as project management; specific plans for dissemination and communication of the action results and the timeline and quality of implementation. The project puts the candidate and host organisation in good positions to participate in future Mars missions and reinforces the role of EU in Mars explorations. The science results of the proposed action will have great significance in understanding both the internal structure and fundamental geologic processes on Mars.

Mots clés : mars, remote sensing, spectroscopy

Participants :
- Université Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 (France) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 173076.0 €
Projet SQuHadron (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2017)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global Fellowships
Panel : Physics
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The internal structure of hadrons in terms of their elementary constituents (partons) and the transformation of a parton into hadrons (hadronization) are two sides of the same coin, namely the nonperturbative core of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the field theory describing the strong force. This research proposal “Strategies to tackle the Quest for Hadronization” (SQuHadron) pioneers new ways to extend our understanding of hadronization. Factorization theorems allow us to describe hadronization in terms of fragmentation functions (FFs), which reflect the probability that a quark transforms into one or more hadrons. A deeper understanding of hadronization requires the extension of the standard one-dimensional unpolarized FFs to multi-dimensional objects, including polarization and (non)perturbative contributions: the project will make significant steps forward in this direction. Standard fragmentation functions are already used also as tools to access the internal structure of the hadrons. Their generalization will turn them into much more sophisticated “probes”, whose phenomenological potential is very timely in the light of the current and future experimental efforts. The benchmark reaction addressed in the proposal is electron-positron annihilation. According to the final states, different aspects of hadronization will be studied. The goals of SQuHadron are: complete the formalism for analyzing 3D unpolarized FFs and extract them from data; define a framework to study chiral-odd FFs for single-hadron, di-hadron and jet production. The experienced researcher is a phenomenologist of hadronization and hadron structure. To broaden his skills and enhance his career prospects, he planned a training in perturbative QCD, which will lead to the fulfillment of the key goals of this proposal. Benefiting from the stimulating environments in Jefferson Lab and Pavia University, these efforts will be of utmost importance to become a mature and independent scientist.

Mots clés : hadronization, fragmentation functions, hadron structure, parton distribution functions, factorization, perturbation theory, phenomenological analyses

Participants :
- University of Pavia (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 262269.0 €
- Jefferson science associates llc (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
Projet FACELOOK (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2015)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Social Sciences and Humanities
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The internet, and social media in particular, create new opportunities and pose new challenges for the ways people think about themselves as well as manage the expressions of their identities. In this research project I aim to enrich our knowledge about the transformations of identity in the new media landscape of the early XXI century by investigating those transformations from the perspective of diasporic LGBTQs, that is, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people. I will focus on the latest theories on social media and identity about 1) fixating the fragmented self (van Zoonen 2013), 2) collapsed contexts (boyd 2011) and 3) the multiplication of contexts (Papacharissi 2011), by investigating those phenomena from the perspective of Polish post-accession immigrants to the UK. I will examine what diasporic LGBTQs and their social media’s uses can teach us about the relationship between the internet and identity, as well as what opportunities and difficulties social media create to a group that faces different challenges of exclusion and discrimination. I will first use a quantitative survey to map the diversity of social media used by Polish LGBTQs in the UK. However, because I am primarily interested in meanings of daily media practices, it is qualitative methods, and in-depth interviews in particular, which will form the core of my methodological toolkit. At the same time, to trigger more and better quality data I will combine traditional qualitative methods with such innovative approaches as think-aloud protocols (which require from participants to talk about the activity in which they are involved) and digital methods (the methods of the medium under scrutiny).

Mots clés : social media, facebook, identity, migration, sexuality, lgbtq, poland, united kingdom

Participants :
- University of London (Royaume-Uni) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 195454.8 €
Projet GROWTH (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Doctoral Networks - Industrial Doctorates
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The interplay between nutrition, gut microbiota, and its large numberof metabolic and immune mediators plays an essential role in the development of gut immune homeostasis in early life. This interaction needs to be better understood because a disturbed immune function in the neonatal period is harmful for neonatal survival and enhances the risk of chronic inflammatory disease later in life. In particular, preterm infants have an immature gut and an associated intestinal state of dysbiosis, which limits the efficacy of nutritional interventions to 1) support early life nutrition, 2) prevent sepsis and conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal failure, and 3) reduce the risk of chronic inflammatory diseases mediated by the gut. A major barrier to elucidating the critical nutritional-host-microbiome interactions and reducing neonatal mortality is the lack of expertise in this rapidly emerging area of metabolomics. We therefore proposes a multidisciplinary approach making use of a large-scale pre-existing clinical cohort of neonates, and state of the art analytical and bio-informatics tools. GROWTH is an Innovative Training Network focused on European Industrial Doctorates that aims to train young business-oriented researchers in developing pathological insights, biomarker diagnostics and personalized nutritional interventions for intestinal failure in neonates and preterm infants. As a multidisciplinary consortium that will involve the participation of 7 non-academic and 5 academic partners in the life sciences field and will attempt shortening the path from basic research to clinical applications.

Mots clés : early life nutrition, intestinal failure, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis

Participants :
- Moki analytics gmbh (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 252788.4 €
- Cherry Biotech (France) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 103050.77 €
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 265619.88 €
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 265619.88 €
- Dscn research b.v. (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 265619.88 €
- Imperial College London (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 474801.91 €
- Reckitt benckiser limited (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Organismes privés (hors enseignement), subvention : 0.0 €
- University Hospital Bonn (Allemagne) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 505576.8 €
Projet GUTMAPS (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2019)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defence of the mucosal immune system because it acts as a dynamic physical barrier segregating the luminal content from the underlying mucosal tissue. This barrier is mainly formed by a monolayer of specialised intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that are crucial in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Damage to this epithelial layer can increase intestinal permeability and lead to abnormalities in interactions between IECs, stromal cells and immune cells in the underlying lamina propria thereby disturbing the intestinal immune homeostasis, all of which are a hallmark of several intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are the two major forms of IBD, affecting an estimated 4 million people in the United States and Europe and have a rising incidence in the developing world. Recent single cell RNA seq (scRNAseq) studies of the intestine have allowed us to understand this organ in unprecedented detail, however, such studies still require the dissociation of tissue and loss of spatial resolution. With this project, I would like to take advantage of recent advances in in-situ sequencing to study intestinal tissue in toto and by combining this with the available scRNA-seq data, generate spatial maps of the intestine (GUTMAPS). The results obtained here will allow us to look at tissue composition and cell-cell interactions with unprecedented resolution in normal and diseased mucosa.

Mots clés : inflammatory bowel diseases

Participants :
- Erasmus MC (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet MCExtrusion (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2020)
Action : Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
Panel : Life Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous self-renewal through coordination of cell proliferation in the crypt and cell removal in the villus region. The aim of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the removal of differentiated cells from the villus. Preliminary data indicate that most extruding cells are non-apoptotic suggesting alternative mechanisms regulating this key homeostatic event. Cells might either commit to extrusion through specific differentiation programs or local tissue mechanical constraints might force the extrusion of otherwise indistinguishable cells. Feedback between cell fate and mechanical constraints can be also envisaged. Here I propose to identify genes that control cell extrusion by analyzing the dynamic transcriptomic signature of the mouse intestinal epithelium using nascent mRNA sequencing (scEU-seq) and pharmacologic inhibition of candidate pathways in intestinal organoids. Target genes will be functionally validated by a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout screen. This analysis will be flanked by experiments investigating a potential role of tissue-scale mechanical forces in cell extrusion. I will measure the mechanical properties of the intestinal epithelium and obtain a detailed description of the morphological dynamics characterizing cell extrusion using live imaging and 3D-shape reconstruction. Precise manipulation of cortical tension by means of laser ablation combined with subcellular optogenetics will be used to functionally perturb tissue mechanics and reveal the impact of cell contractility and tissue tension on the extrusion process. Collectively, this project will help understanding how tissue homeostasis in the intestinal epithelium is maintained and dissect the relative contribution of genetic signaling circuits and tissue mechanics in regulating cell extrusion.

Mots clés : tissue homeostasis, epithelial morphogenesis, intestinal cell extrusion, optogenetics, organoid technology

Participants :
- Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Pays-Bas) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Recherche, subvention : 187572.48 €
Projet TREND (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2018)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : SIGNED

The joint Exchange programme is based on a research proposal finalized at strengthening the regional capabilities in triggering, implementing and managing Transition Management (TM) strategies towards driving “resilience-building” processes. The main aim is to combine Transition with Resilience for Evolutionary Development (TREND) of different territorial contexts. It is expected to produce a novel concept encompassing “resilience-building” processes and Transition Management strategies based on the Evolutionary Economy’s assumptions. The TREND analysis will draft from the preceding MAPS-LED project, which pointed out the territorial dimension of the innovation. As an outcome, three levels of spatial investigation are distinguished within the EU-US broader contexts: I) Internal areas, II) Leading regions, III) Regions in transition. Moreover, the diagnosis will assess the potential drivers of TM strategies including: I) territorial milieu, as successful factor assessed in preceding MAPS-LED and CLUDS projects; ii) resilience, conceived as the ability of systems –people, communities, ecosystems, nations – to generate new ways of operating new systemic relationships; iii) crisis, which hit local defined areas, conceived as opportunities, including: migration flows and economic crisis. Relying on the strong existing CLUDs research network and its International Doctorate URED, the TREND project is expected to add value to the current knowledge about regional economic diversification. By moving forward the MAPS-LED project’s outcomes concerning the Entrepreneurial Discovery Process (EDP) and the Knowledge Based Urban Regeneration (KBUR), the TREND will provide the Open Access Toolkit: a web platform accessible by community users, policy makers, investors and financial stakeholders. The Open Access Toolkit will provide a set of indicators regarding 1) context, 2) result, 3) performance as metrics of resilience-building process within TM strategies.

Mots clés : evolutionary economy, spatial planning, innovation, building resilience, open access

Participants :
- University of Palermo (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 317400.0 €
- University of Louisiana System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Organismes publics (hors enseignement & recherche), subvention : 0.0 €
- Utrecht University (Pays-Bas) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 317400.0 €
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Grèce) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 317400.0 €
- University of Reggio Calabria (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 483000.0 €
- Northeastern University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
Projet MAPS-LED (Horizon 2020, appel à projets 2014)
Action : Staff Exchanges
Panel : Economic Sciences
Statut du projet : CLOSED

The joint Exchange programme is based on a research proposal finalized to examine how smart specialization strategies (S3) to regenerate local economic areas can be implemented, according to the new agenda of Europe 2020. This can be largely achieved by incorporating a place-based dimension. The main aim is to identify and prescribe the implementation S3 in terms of spatial, social and environmental factors. The programme will map out local needs and opportunities in a variety of contexts which could drive regional policy interventions. The resulting S3 will not only emphasize “Key Enable Technologies”, but will also empower the local innovation process. Elements gained from the preceding CLUDs project such as tacit knowledge, embedded social networks, and innovative milieu will ensure that the proposed S3 for each area is successful. The proposal intends to apply a Multidisciplinary Approach to Plan Smart Specialization Strategies in a prospective to enhance Local Economic Development (MAPS-LED). The MAPS-LED place-based framework will include two important drivers: 1. Cluster policy, 2. Innovative milieu in terms of the local value chains based on the urban-rural linkages The MAPS-LED project will be built in order to connect three important key-factors: Governance; Localization; Territorial network. The S3 in a MAPS-LED perspective will be visualized through appropriate “designated areas”, overcoming the constraints determined by the locally-bounded concept of the “district” through the rationale of the networks and flows activated by governance dynamics. The proposal exploits and moves forward the findings of the CLUDs project (research network of four EU and two US universities) funded by IRSES 2010, by expanding the concept of social and environmental added value embedded in some innovative urban regeneration approaches to the larger regional context. The result will be to build on the strong existing CLUDs research network and its Int'l Doctorate URED.

Mots clés : cluster policy, smart specialisation, spatial indicators, mapping smart specialisation

Participants :
- California State University System (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Autres, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Reggio Calabria (Italie) — Coordinator, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 576000.0 €
- Aalto University (Finlande) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 288000.0 €
- Northeastern University (Etats-Unis) — Partner, organization partner, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 0.0 €
- University of Salford (Royaume-Uni) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 324000.0 €
- Sapienza University of Rome (Italie) — Partner, beneficiary, Enseignement supérieur ou secondaire, subvention : 324000.0 €