DFKI-SLT/copious huggingface dataset:
1893.] G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 107 4. Pentacme, A. DC. Glabrous or puberulous resinous trees. Leaves broad, entire, penni-nerved, with obtuse or cordate bases. Flowers large, panicled. Calyx-tube short, the lobes imbricate, 2 being quite external. Stamens 15, the filaments short, dilated ; anthers much larger than the filaments, elongate, linear ; the valves 4, sub-equal, each subulate at its apex, the connective also prolonged into a stiff deflexed arm as long as the appendages of the anther-valves. Ovary free ; the style filiform, the stigma slightly lobed. Fruit enclosed within the imbricate calyx-lobes, of which two or more have elongated membranous reticulate many-nerved wings. Species 3, — Burmese, Siamese, and Malayan. 1. Pentacme malatana, King, n. sp. A tree 40 to 50 feet high: young branches rather stout, dark-coloured, glabrous. Leaves sub-coriaceous, rotund-ovate to broadly elliptic, the apex shortly and blunt-ly acuminate, the base rounded or slightly emarginate ; both surfaces glabrous, pale when dry ; main nerves 15 to 18 pairs, spreading, pro-minent on both surfaces ; length 5 to 7 in., breadth 2.75 to 4.5 in., petiole .75 to 1.1 in. Panicles axillary, lax, few-flowered, 2.5 to 5 in. long. Flowers .75 in. long and about as much in diameter when open, pedicelled. Calyx-lobes more or less broadly ovate, acuminate, minutely tomentose outside. Petals three times as long as the calyx, elliptic, spreading, puberulous on one-half outside, and glabrous on the other, quite glabrous inside. Stamens 15, equal, erect, the filaments short and broad ; the anthers elongate, narrow, with 5 apical awns, one of which is deflexed and rather shorter and thicker than the other four. Ovary ovoid, sub-glabrous, much shorter than the filiform style: stigma minute. Ripe fruit ovate, apiculate, 1 in. long, glabrous ; calyx-wings all enlarg-ed and reticulate except at the base ; the three outer narrowly oblong, obtuse, and narrowed to the concave base, 9-nerved, 4 to 4.5 in. long, and .65 to .75 in. broad ; the two inner lobes much narrower and fewer-nerved, about 2-5 in. long, or even shorter. Langkani: Curtis, No. 2095. The petals of this species are spreading, and the flower has quite an unusual fades for the order. It is at once distinguished by its curiously 5-awned anthers. Four of these awns are the produced apices of the anther cells, the fifth (the thicker and deflected one) is a prolongation from the connective. 5. Shorea, Roxb. Glabrous, mealy, or pubescent resinous trees. Leaves entire or sub-repand, pinnate-veined ; stipules large, coriaceous and persistent, or minute and fugacious. Flowers in axillary or terminal, lax, cymose
110 G. King -Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula [No. 2, Anthers of inner row inappendiculate, those of the other two rows appendiculate ... 21. S. Thiseltoni. 1. Shorea leprosula, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I., 487. A tree 100 to 150 feet high: young branches rather slender, lenticellate, minutely and deciduosly pale stellate-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to oblong, acute or sub-acute, the base rounded; upper surface glabrous, harsh from the prominent minute reticulations, the midrib and nerves sometimes puberulous; lower surface minutely fuscous-tomentose, with numerous densely stellate hairs on the midrib nerves and veins; main nerves 10 to 13 pairs, straight, oblique, prominent beneath; length 3 to 6 in., breadth 1.25 to 3.25 in., petiole .35 to .75 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, 1.5 to 4 in. long, rachis and branches stellate-tomentose, the short flower-bearing branchlets sericeous. Flowers in two rows, secund, .3 in. long, sessile. Sepals ovate, minutely velvety out-side. Petals three times as long as the sepals, sericeous outside, oblong-spathulate. Stamens about 15; the filaments dilated, much longer than the short ovate inappendiculate anthers. Ovary ovoid, minutely to-mentose, tapering upwards into the long slender style; stigma minute. Ripe fruit narrowly ovoid, apiculate, minutely tomentose, 6 in. long. Calyx-wings all enlarged and membranous, concave at the base so as to embrace the ripe fruit, but not adnate to it; the three outer narrowly oblong, sub-acute at the apex, narrowed at the base, 7-nerved, reti-culate, 3 in. long and about .7 in. broad; the two inner smaller, about 1 in. long, ovate, caudate-acuminate, not nerved. A. DC. Prod. XVI. 2, 631. Scheff. in Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. XXXI, 350: Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind., I., 305. Burck in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, VI, 215. Shorea astrosticta, Scortechini MSS. Malacca: Maingay (Kew. Distrib.), No. 203. Perak, King's Collector, No.s 7646, 7905, 8182; Scortechini, No. 2063. Distrib. Sumatra. 2. Shorea scutulata, King, n. sp. A large tree; young branches with dark lenticellate bark and minute white stellate pubescence. Leaves elliptic, shortly abruptly and bluntly acuminate; the base broad, rounded, almost truncate: upper surface glabrous, minutely reticulate; the lower, and especially the midrib, sprasely stellate-puberulous when young, glabrescent when old, the sides of the midrib, and especially the pits in the axils of the nerves, with numerous minute browning pale-edged scales; length 3 to 3.5 in., breadth 1.5 to 1.75 in., petiole .3 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, 3 to 4 in. long, the branches short, each bearing 2 or 3 bracteolate flowers; bracts broadly ovate, concave, blunt, hoary-puberulous, deciduous. Flowers .4 in. long, shortly pedicelled. Sepals broadly lanceolate, obtuse, tomen-tose outside, glabrous inside. Petals oblong, obtuse, the base expanded
1893.] G. King -Materials for a Flora of the Malaysian peninsula. 111 at one side, glabrous inside and on one half outside, pubescent on the other. Stamens 15, in 3 rows; all the filaments broad those of the outer two rows shorter than those of the inner: anthers short, broadly ovate, inappendiculate. Ovary conical, pale tomentose: style short, stigma small. Fruit (perhaps not mature) ovoid, apiculate, minutely pale tomentose, .6 in. long. Sepals all enlarged, membranous, reti-culate, concave at the base; the three outer narrowly oblong, obtuse, very little narrowed to the base, 7-nerved, 2.75 in. long and .75 in. broad; the two inner .8 in. long, linear, about 1-nerved. Penang: Curtis, No. 1396. A species known only from penang, and collected only by mr. Curtis: remarkable for its almost recomose inflorescence, and curiously glandular leaves. 3. Shorea Curtisii, Dyer MSS. in Herb. Kew. A tree 100 to 150 feet high; young branches slender, at first minutely stellate-puberulous, ultimately dark-coloured and glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, bluntly acuminate; the base sub-cuneate, or almost rounded; upper surface of young leaves minutely pubescent, of adults glabrescent or quite glabrous, the lower uniformly covered with very minute rufescent (young), or pale (adult) tomentum: main nerves 10 to 14 pairs, ascending, rather straight, prominent beneath: length 3 to 4 in., breadth 1.2 to 1.4 in., petiole .4 to .6 in. Panicles axillary or terminal, 2 to 3 in. long, the rachis slender, glabrous. Flowers about .3 in. long distichous secund rows of 4 or 5, on the short lateral branchlets, enveloped while in bud by broad deciduous puberulous bracts. Sepals ovate, tomentose outside, glabrous inside, slightly un-equal. Petals twice as long as the calyx, linear-oblong, obtuse, stellate-pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 15, in three rows; the filaments elongate, broad (those of the outer row longest); anthers short, ovoid-globose, not apiculate. Ovary elongated ovoid, tomentose in the upper, glabrous in the lower half: style short, stigma small. Ripe fruit narrowly ovoid, apiculate, .75 in. long, pale tomentose; calyx-wings all enlarged and membranous, free from the fruit: the three outer linear-oblong, 8-nerved, 2.25 in. long, and about .5 in. broad; the two inner about 1 in. long, bluntly spathulate and with fewer nerves. Penang: Curtis, Nos. 427, 1394 and 1395. Perak: King's Collector, No. 8143. The vernacular name of this in Penang is Maranti Tai. 4. Shorea sericea, Dyer in Hook. fil. Flo. Br. Ind., I., 306. A tree 50 to 60 feet high; young branches rugulose, warted and scurfily J. II. 15
1893.] G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 113 ed, about 4 times as long as the Ibroad short anthers; apiculus of con-nective very slender, about as long as the anther, deflexed. Ovary elongate, puberulous; style rather short; stigma small. Ripe fruit ovoid-globose, .4 in. long, thinly adpressed pale tomentose. Sepals all enlarged and membranous, concave at the base so as to embrace the ripe fruit, but not adnate to it: the three outer narrowly oblong, obtuse at the apex, slightly narrowed to the base; 7-nerved, 2.5 in. long; the two inner from one-half to one-third shorter, nar-rower and fewer nerved. Shorea disticha, Scortechini MSS. in Herb. Calcutta. Malacca: (Kew Distrib.) No. 206. Penang: Curtis, No. 201. Perak: Scortechini, No. 1965. Wray, No. 1282. 6. Shorea acuminata, Dyer in Hook. fil. El. Br. Ind., I., 305. A tree 100 to 150 feet high; young branches minutely greyish tomentose, ultimately dark-coloured and glabrescent. Leaves coriaceous, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, the base often unequal-sided, rounded or some-times emarginate; upper surface glabrous except the puberulous midrib; the flower glabrous, with a few scattered stellate hairs: main nerves 7 to 9 pairs, spreading, slightly prominent beneath: length 3 to 4.5 in , breadth 1.75 to 2.5 in.; petiole .3 to .4 in., tomentose. Panicles axillary and terminal, crowded near the extremities of the branches, 2 to 3 in. long, minutely stellate-pubescent, many-flowered. Flowers .3 in. long, distichous, secund, about 5 on each lateral branch, bracteolate. Sepals ovate, unequal, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Petals twice as long as the calyx, spreading, broadly ovate, puberulous outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 15, in three rows, the inner row shorter: filaments broad, much larger than the short, ovate, minutely appendiculate anthers. Ovary ovoid, tapering, pubescent: style short, stigma small. Ripe fruit turbinate, with 3 slightly vertical grooves, apiculate, puberulous, -5 in. in diam., attached by its base to the calyx: sepals all enlarged, concave at the base so as completely to cover the fruit, membranous and reticulate; the 3 outer narrowly oblong obtuse, contracted towards the base, 10-or 11-nerved, 35 in. long, and 7 in. broad; the two inner 1 to 1.5 in. long, under .25 in. broad, 3-to 4-nerved. Malacca: Maingay (Kew Distrib.) No. 205 (?). Griffith, No. 1762. Perak: King.s Collector, No. 8009. 7. Shorea macroptera, Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 308. A tree 60 to 80 feet high: young branches with dark-brown bark, minu-tely lenticellate and puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong (usually narrowly), shortly acuminate, the base sub-cuneate or rounded: upper surface glabrous, shining, the midrib and nerves puberulous: lower
114 G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. [No. 2, surface glabrescent or glabrous, chocolate-coloured when dry: main nerves 10 to 12 pairs, curved, spreading, prominent on the lower surface; length 4 to 6 in., breadth 135 to P75 in.; petiole .4 to .5 in., rugose. Panicles axillary or terminal, 4 to 7 in. long, lax, branch-ing, few-flowered, puberulous, spai.sely scaly. Floioers about .5 in. long, sessile, solitary, not secund. Sepals distinct almost to the base, slightly unequal, broadly-ovate, acute, more or less yellowish-tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Petals narrowly oblong, slightly oblique at the base, the apex blunt, glabrous except one-half of the outer surface which is sericeous. Stamens 15, in two rows; filaments broad except at the apex, those of the outer two rows by much the shorter: anthers short, ovate, the connective minutely awned. Ovary elongated-ovoid, sericeous in its upper half; style short, stigma small. Ripe fruit .6 to .75 in. long, narrowly ovoid, pale puberulous, apiculate: sepals all enlarged and reticulate, slightly concave at the base and embracing, but not adnate to, the fruit; the three outer narrowly oblong, obtuse, tapering slightly to the auricled base, 7-nerved, 3.5 to 4.5 in. long, and .8 to 1 in. broad; the two inner variable, but shorter, narrower and fewer nerved. Shorea aitriculata, Scortechini MSS. in Herb., Calcutta. Malacca: Maingay. Singapore: Ridley. Penang: Curtis, No. 1392. Perak: very common, King.s Collector, Scortechini. A species from Borneo which closely resembles this appears to me to differ specifically. Its leaves are longer with sparser nerves, and its calyx-wings are longer. 8. Shorea Maxwelliana, King, n. sp. A tree 60 to 80 feet high: young branches dark-coloured, almost glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate (caudate-acuminate when young), the base unequal-sided, cuneate; both surfaces quite glabrous, the upper shining, the lower chocolate-coloured when dry: main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, curved, spreading, thin and inconspicuous: length 3 to 4 in., breadth 1.3 to 1.5 in., petiole -4 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, 25 to 3 in. long, stellate-puberulous, their lateral branches very short and few-flowered. Flowers shortly pedicelled. Sepals unequal, oblong, blunt, with enlarg-ed concave bases, more or less pubescent, but glabrous in the concavity of the base inside. Petals oblong, concave and saccate at the base, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 10 (?), the filaments short, broad; the anthers elongate, erect, pointed, the connective end-ing in an awn as long as the anther. Ovary hemispheric; the style long, slender; stigma minute. Fruit (not mature) globular, minutely tomentose, closely invested by, but not adnate to, the concave bases of the sepals: sepals all enlarged, membranous, narrowly oblong, obtuse;
1893.] G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 115 the three outer 7-nerved, 1.5 in. long and .4 in. broad; the two inner similar in shape, but fewer-nerved and only .5 in. long. Perak: King.s Collector, Nos. 3601 and 3744. The only flowers of this species which I have seen are in an early stage of bud, and from them I am unable to make out the characters of the petals properly. The stamens appear to be only 10 in number: but of this I cannot now be quite certain. 9. Shorea gratissima, Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Inch I, 307. A tree: younger branches slender, glabrescent, dark-coloured. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, acuminate, the base broad and rounded, the margins sub-undulate, both surfaces glabrous: main nerves 12 to 14 pairs, faint; length 2.5 to 4 in., breadth T25 to J .5 in., petiole .6 to .75 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, lax, few-flowered, 3 to 6 in. long, sub-puberu-lous. Flowers secund, pedicelled, -25 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, sub-acute; minutely tomentose outside, glabrous inside in the lower, adpressed-pubescent in the upper, half. Petals twice as long as the calyx and much broader, elliptic, obtuse, glabrescent. Stamens about 20; the filaments short, unequal, dilated. Anthers elongated-ovate, truncate, each with a terminal awn from the connective twice as long as itself. Ovary ovoid, sub-glabrous; stigma small. Ripe fruit unknown. Hopea gratissima, Wall. Cat. 960. Singapore: Wallich. This is known only by Wallich's specimens. He referred it to Hopea, of which genus it certainly has the fades: the aastivation of the sepals is moreover that of Hopea, and so is the apiculus of the con-nective of the stamens. The petals in shape, however, resemble those of Shorea. I retain it in Shorea in deference to the opinion of Mr. Dyer. 10. Shorea Ridleyana, King, n. sp. A tree 60 or 80 feet high: young branches slender, dark brown, lenticellate, nearly glabrous. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, the base rounded: both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining: main nerves 9 or 10 pairs, curved, spreading, thin but slightly prominent beneath: length 2.5 to 4 in., breadth 1.1 to 2 in.; petiole .4 to .5 in., rugulose. Panicles axillary and terminal, 1.5 to 2 in. long, densely stellate-puberulous. Flowers .2 in. long, pedicellate. Sepals sub-equal, oblong, obtuse, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Petals oblong, slightly oblique, obtuse, glab-rous inside, puberulous outside on one half, glabrous on the other. Stamens 15, sub-equal, the filaments dilated in the lower half: anthers shorter than the filaments, ovate, the connective produced into an awn longer than the anther. Ovary ovoid-conical, minutely tomentose. Style short; stigma minute. Fruit (immature) ovoid, apiculate, minutely
1893] G. King -Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 117 broadly ovate, acute, tomentose outside; the edges ciliate, glabrous inside. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse; the bases obliquely expanded, sericeous externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 15, sub-equal, the filaments as long as the anthers, flattened; anthers ovate, short, the connective terminated by a curved awn much longer than the stamen. Ovary elongate-conic, puberulous; style short. Ripe fruit hemispheric, tapering into a cone and crowned by the style, adpressed pale tomen-tose. Sepals membranous, reticulate: the three larger narrowly ob-long, obtuse, tapering to the concave non-reticulate base, 9-nerved, 3.5 in. long and .7 in. broad: the two inner 2 in. long, linear, 3-nerved. Perak: King's Collector, Nos. 3474 and 3705. This species is allied to S. bracteolata, Dyer, but its leaves have fewer nerves, smaller flowers, narrower petals, and a short style. 13. Shorea bracteolata, Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. br. ind. I, 305. A tree 50 to 150 feet high; young branches minutely furfuraceous-puberulous, speedily glabrescent, their bark dark-coloured. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, shortly acuminate (often sub-obtuse when old), narrowed slightly to the rounded or emarginate basel upper surface quite glabrous; the lower yellowish furfuraceous-puberulous to glabrous; main nerves 12 to 16 pairs, spreading, prominent beneath: length 4 to 6 in., breadth 1.6 to 2.5 in., petiole .45 to .6 in. Panicles axillary, few-flowered, 2.5 to 6 in. long, glabrous. Flowers .65 in. long, shortly pedicellate, each subtended by 2 elliptic, obtuse, 3-nerved, puberu-lous, deciduous bracts .35 in long. Speals lanceolate, obtuse, minutely tomentose outside, the two inner smaller. Petals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse; the bases expanded, glabrous. Stamens 15, in two rows, the filaments less than half as long as the ovate obtuse anthers; appendix of connective subulate, twice as long as the anther, decurved when old. Ovary ovoid, attenuated upwards, sub-glabrous; the style long, filiform; stigma small. Ripe fruit ovoid, apiculate, .6 in. long, embraced by, but (except at the very base) free from the calyx; sepals accrescent, mem-branous, reticulate and concave at the base: the three outer narrwoly oblong, blunt, slightly narrowed above the concave base, 10-nerved, 3.5 in. long, and .6 in. broad; the two smaller about 2 in. long, and .2 in. broad, about 3-nerved. Shorea foveolata, Scortechini MSS. in herb. Calcutta. Malacca: Maingay (Kew Distrib.) No. 204. Penang: curtis, Nos. 322 and 1405. Perak: King's Collector, Nos. 7583, 7591, 7717; Scortechini, No. 1939. Distrib. -Sumatra. Forbes, No. 3050. 14. Shorea glauca, King, n. sp. A tree 80 to 100 feet high; young branches slender, dark-coloured, puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; the base broad, rounded; upper surface
118 G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. [No. 2, glabrous, the lower glaucous (except the midrib and nerves) especially when young; main nerves 7 to 9 pairs, ascending, rather straight: length 3.5 to 4.5 in., breadth P4 to 1.8 in.; petiole .45 to .6 in., rugulose, glaucous. Panicles axillary, few-flowered, shorter than the leaves, hoary, the flowers on short pedicels. Sepals slightly unequal, oblong, obtuse, tomentose on both surfaces. Ovary conical, tomentose; the style very short, glabrous; stigma small, 3-lobed. Fruit (immature) ovoid-globose, apiculate, minutely tomentose; accrescent sepals mem-branous, free from the fruit; obscurely 7-to 12-nerved, strongly reticulate, blunt, slightly narrowed to the concave base, at first puberulous but ultimately glabrous; the longer 2.25 in. long, and .6 to .75 in. broad, the others smaller. Penang: Curtis, No. 372. Malacca: Maingay (Kew Distrib.), 212. In this species the two inner fruiting wings of the calyx are nearly as large as the three outer; the leaves are very white underneath when young, but much less conspicuously so when adult. It is known, only by Curtis. and Maingay.s specimens, none of which have com-plete flowers. Maingay.s specimens from Malacca have in fact no flowers; but there is no mistaking their leaves as being exactly like those of Mr. Curtis. from Penang. The vernacular name of this is Dammar laut dhan lesor. 15. Shorea ciliata, King, n. sp. A medium-sized tree; young branches slender, dark-coloured, decicluously hoary-puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous, minutely reticulate, the lower whitish when young, pale brown when dry; main nerves 8 or 9 pairs, ascending, curved, shining on the lower surface: length 3 to 35 in., breadth .8 to 1.5 in., petiole .75 to .9 in. Panicles 2 to 2.5 in. long, axillary and terminal, little-branched, few-flowered, hoary. Flowers -5 in. long, secund. Sepals ovoid-deltoid, obtuse, outside tomentose, inside gla-brous. Petals three times as long as the sepals, narrowly oblong, obtuse, slightly expanded at the base, adpressed-sericeous outside, glabrescent inside. Stamens 30, in fascicles of 3, unequal, the shorter with undi-lated filaments, the longer with filaments dilated in the lower half; all with the connective produced into an apical process crowned by 3 to 5 spreading cilise. Ovary ovoid-conic, sericeous, with a short glabrous style. Fruit (immature) ovoid, apiculate, pale-tomentose, .5 in. long; accrescent sepals membranous, reticulate: the three outer narrowly oblong, reticulate, 7-nerved: the two inner 2 in. long, and .3 in. broad, narrowed to above the concave base: the two inner 1 in. long, linear-lanceolate, few-nerved. Penang: Curtis, No. 1578.