DFKI-SLT/copious huggingface dataset:
1893.] G. King—Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 91 puberulous, linear, blunt. Stamens 15. Fruit (immature) ellipsoid, wing-less, glaucous, smooth; the enlarged calyx-lobes linear-oblong, blunt, 3-nerved, inconspicuously reticulate, shining, 3.5 in. long and 6 to 8 in. broad. Dyer in Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 103. D. hirtus, Vesque, Comptes-Rendus, 1874, 78, p. 627; Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 151; Dyer l. c. 154. Malacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) no. 196. Perak; Scortechini, No. 1955. Distrib. Borneo; (fide Dyer), Beccari, 779, 1883. Burck (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Vol. 6, p 196) reduces this to D. Tamparan, Korth. Korthals however describes the fruit of that species as having accrescent calyx-lobes 13 inches long by 3 broad. 2. Dipterocarpus scortechinii, King, n. sp. A large tree: young branches rather stout, densely clothed, (as are the short cylindric buds, the petioles and racemes) with large tufts or coarse, brownish, shining hairs. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-ovate, or sometimes elliptic-sub-ovate, sub-entire, abruptly and shortly acuminate, slightly narrowed to the rounded base; upper surface glabrous or glabrescent, the nerves sparse-ly stellate-pubescent, the nerves (and especially the midrib) with long silky hairs intermixed: main nerves 16-18 pairs, straight, oblique, very prominent beneath: length 6 to 7.5 in., breadth 3 to 3.5 in, petiole 1 to 1.2 in. Racemes few-flowered, short. Fruit (? immature) ovoid, contracted under the mouth, glaucous, stellate-pubescent, .75 in. long and .5 in. in diam; accrescent calyx-lobes linear-oblong, reticulate, slightly narrowed in the lower half, the apex obtuse, obscurely 3-nerved (the middle nerve bold, the two lateral faint), 4 to 5 in. long and .8 to 1 in. broad. Perak; Scortechini, No. 1813. This is closely allied to D. crinitus, Dyer, to which Scrotechini doubtfully referred it. It differs from D. crinitus in its larger leaves and stellate-pubescent fruit. It has also a different time of flowering; for, as Scortechini remarks in his field notes, this is in immature fruit in the beginning of March, while D. crinitus does not come into flower until end of April. 3. Dipterocarpus skinneri, King, n. sp. A tall tree; young branches thin, deciduously tawny-pubescent. Buds cylindric, narrow, golden-sericeous. Leaves oblong-elliptic, narrowed in the upper half or third to the acute or shortly acuminate apex, slightly narrowed to the rounded base, upper surface glabrous or sparsely adpressed-pubescent, the midrib tomentose, the lower sparsely stellate-pubescent, the midrib and 16 to 19 pairs of straight oblique nerves adpressed-sericeous; nerves prominent on the lower, faint on the upper, surface when dry:
96 G. King -Materials for a Flora of the Malayan peninsula. [No. 2, 35. D. Motleyanus, Hook. fil. in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 159. A. DC. in DC. Prod. XVI., pt. 2, 611. D. pterygocalyx, Scheff. Obs. Phyt. II. 35; Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 298. Mocanera grandiflora, Blanco, Fl. Filipp. Ed. I, 451. Anisoptera? Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1858, I, 233. Malacca: Maingay (Kew Distrib.) No. 198. Penang: Curtis 424. Perak: Scortechini 152 b. Distrib. Bangka, Teysmann. (?) Philip-pines. The late Father Scortechini's field notes contain the following account of the flower: "The petals of this are red inside in the the middle, but pale towards the margins; the stamens are numerous, 2-seriate, united in a ring by their enlarged bases, falling off together: staminodes many, short, adpressed to the ovary. Ovary pubescent, scaly towards the base. Fruiting-calyx reddish." The species comes near D. Griffithii: but is distinguished from it by the characters which I have noted under that species. Flowers of D. Griffithii are, however, wanting for comparison. 10. Dipterocarpus kunstleri, King, n. sp. A tree 80 to 120 feet high; young branches flattened, at first sparsely covered with minute scurfy deciduous pubescence, ultimately glabrous, but always with oblique tawny-tomentose annuli. Buds narrowly cynlindric, hoary-canescent. Leaves elliptic or sub-rotund-elliptic, very shortly acumi-nate, the base rounded or sub-cuneate, the edges undulate or sub-c renate, both surfaces glabrous: main nerves 16 to 18 pairs, oblique, straight, prominent on the lower surface: length 7.5 to 11 in., breadth 4.5 to 7 in., petiole 1.5 to 2 in. Racemes 6 to 8 in. long, often bifid, 4-to 6-flowered, glabrous. Flowers 2.5 to 3 in. long, glaucous. Calyx-tube narrowly obconic, 5-winged, glaucous. Petals linear, obtuse, glaucous. Fruit sub-globular, an inch or more long, with 5 wings about 25 in. wide: accrescent calyx-lobes oblong, obtuse, slightly narrowed towards the base, glabrous, reticulate, 3-nerved, 6 or 7 in. long and about 1.25 in. broad. Perak: King's Collector, Nos. 3638, 3798, 7508 and 7606. Allied to D. grandiflorus; but with larger leaves, smaller fruit and different buds. Allied also to D. Griffithii but with smaller fruit and different buds. This species has leaves like D. trinervis Bl. and D. retusus Bl., but differs from these in having winged fruit: it also resembles D. Dyeri, Pierre, which, however, has longer leaves with hairy petioles and more narrowly winged fruit. 11. Dipterocarpus griffithii, Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. I, 213. A tree 100 to 125 feet high: young branches stout, sub-compressed, minutely tawny-canescent; the leaf buds ovoid, densely covered with
1893.] G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 97 yellowish-brown sinning hair. Leaves coriaceous, broadly ovate, usually slightly narrowed to the rounded base, but sometimes the base truncately-sub-cordate, the apex acute or shortly acuminate, both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining ; main nerves 12 to 14 pairs, spreading, straight, slightly prominent on the lower surface : length 5 to 11 in., breadth 3 to 5'5 in., petiole 2.25 to 3.5 in. Racemes 3-or 4-flowered. Flowers 15 in. long. Calyx ob-conic, sub-glabrous, 5-winged. Fruit oblong, 2.5 in. long', the wings extending from base to apex, stout, .5 in. or more broad : accrescent lobes of calyx oblong, obtuse, glabrous, reticulate, boldly 3-nerved, 5 to 7 in. long and about 1.75 in. broad. A. DC. in DC. Prod. XVI, Pt. 2, 611 ; Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 299: Journ. Bot. 1874, 107. Kurz For. Flora Burm. I, 116. D. grandiflorus Griff. Notul. IV, 515 (not of Blanco). S. Andaman : Kurz, King's Collector. This closely resembles D. grandiflorus, Blanco, but the two may be readily distinguished by their young branches and leaf-buds. The young branches of this species are pale canescent and its leaf-buds broad and golden sericeous ; while the branchlets of D. grandiflorus are quite glabrous and dark-coloured and the buds are narrow and pale canescent. 12. Dipterocarpus incanus, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 42 ; Fl. Ind. II. 614. A tall tree : young shoots terete, stout, densely but minutely tawny-tomentose ; the buds short, ovoid, thick, with longer tomentum than the branchlets. Leaves coriaceous, broadly ovate, acute or sub-acute, the base rounded or sub-cordate, the edges undulate ; upper surface glabrous, the midrib alone slightly pubescent : under surface uniformly pale, shortly but softly stellate-pubescent, the midrib and nerves tomentose . main nerves 12 to 15 pairs, oblique, straight, prominent on the lower surface ; length 5 to 8 in.,breadth 2 -5 to 4 -75 in. ; petiole '8 to 1*25 in., pubescent. Flowers about 1 in. long, usually in racemes but occasionally in short 7-or 8-flowered panicles. Calyx-tube ob-conic, 5-winged, minutely tomentose. Petals oblong, obtuse. Fruit sub-globose, about 1 in. in diam., 5-winged from base to apex ; the wings thin, from -25 to '5 in. broad ; the 2 accrescent lobes of the calyx narrowly oblong, obtuse, glabrous, much reticulate, 3-nerved in the lower half, when mature 5 -5 in. long and nearly 1.5 in. broad ; the 3 minor lobes sub-orbicular. Wight & Arn. Prod. 84; A. DC. Prod. XVI. 2, 611 ; Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 29S; Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 106. S. Andaman : common. Disteib. Burmah, Kurz, Herb. No. 2109 (in part). The plant here described under the name D. incanus closely re-
J 893.] G. King — Materials fur a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 99 that the D. costahis described by Roxburgh is a different plant from Gaertner's. For Mr. Dyer it is still a doubtful species ; while M. De Candolle reduces it to I), angustifolius W. & A., which for Dyer is in its turn a doubtful species. A careful examination of the material now collected at Calcutta and at Kew leads me to believe that D. costatus, Gaertn., is a perfectly good species, and that the best character to distinguish it from Roxburgh's D. alatus is the narrowness of the wings of the calyx-tube. Specimens collected in Burmah by Kurz (No. 113 of his Herbm.) and by Brandis, have fruits exactly like that figured by Gaertner. Moreover I see no reason for thinking that the tree describ-ed by Roxburgh (Fl. Ind. II; 614) as D. costahis, Graertn., is anything else than Gaertner's plant. Mr. Dyer (Journ. Bot. 1874, p. 153) ex-presses the opinion that D. Lemeslei, Vesque — a species collected on the island of Pulo Condor off the Cambodian coast — is reducible to D. alatus, Roxb. It is very doubtful whether D. alatus, Roxb., occurs in the Anda-mans. I have seen no specimens of it from these islands, and I give it as an Andaman plant on the authority of the " Flora of British India." Besides the preceding, there are various other species of Dipterocarpus in the Calcutta Herbarium from localities within the British Malayan region which, for want of sufficient materials, I am unable to describe. Chief amongst these are : — (1) Curtis ISTo. 1560 from Penang, a species with winged calyx-tube. (2) A species from Perak, represented in Scortechini's collection (without number) by fruits resembling those of D. Loioii H., f., D. intri-catus, Dyer, and D. lamellatus, Hook. fil. (3) A species from the Andamans with leaves resembling those of D. Griffithii, Miq., but with globular fruit which has neither angles nor wings on the calyx-tube. This possibly may be a form of D. pilosus, Roxb. (4) A Perak species (Herb. Scortechini mixed with No. 147S) re-presented by fruits something like those of D. fagineus, Vesque, but with the calyx-tube winged, not angled. (5) A Perak species represented by leaf-twigs and loose fruit of a species resembling both D. fagineus, Vesque, and D. gracilis, Bl., but differing from both. (6) A species from Perak (Wray No. 4031) having leaves like D. Griffithii, Miq., but with shorter petioles, and having also fruit rather like D. Grifjithii, but the calyx-tube Avith nanwver wings, and the minor calyx-lobes smaller.
1893.] G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 101 tea odorata. This plant has been named Synaptea grandiflora by Kurz, ( Journ. A.S., Beng\, 1870, 2, 65), and Anisoptera odorata Kurz, (For. Flor. Burm. I, 112), while Dyer has identified it with Hopea grandiflora, Wall, Cat. 958, and reduced it to Vatica grandiflora (F.B.I., i., 301). The characters of the genus Synaptea, as given by its author, are practically those of Vatica, Linnaeus (Mantissa II., p. 152-3, No. 1311), except that, whereas in the Linnaean description nothing is said about the fruit or its relation to the calyx, Griffith distinctly explains that he has given the name Synaptea because the ovary is adnate to the calyx. He does not say to what extent adnate, but, in fruiting specimens of his Synaptea odorata, the adhesion extends to the lower part only. In the " Mantissa " of Linnaeus, only one species of Vatica is described, viz., V. chinensis ; and of the specimen thus named in the Linnasan Herbarium, Sir J. G-. Smith publishes a figure (Smith Ic, ined., t. 36.). This figure however does not show clearly whether the base of the ovary is, or is not, adherent to the calyx, and the fruit is not figured at all. A reference to Linnaeus' speci-men ought to settle what V. chinensis really is ; but unfortunately it has not settled it. I have not myself examined the actual Lin-naean specimen ; but the opinions of botanists who have examined it vary as to its identity. The plant is generally admitted not to be of Chinese origin, for no Dipterocai'p is known to inhabit China. "Wight and Arnot are of opinion (Prod. 84) that Vatica chinensis is the same as Vatica laccifera, W. A. (Shorea Talura, Roxb.— fide Dyer). Alph. De Candolle (Prod. XVI., 2, p. 619) keeps up the species V. chinensis, while Dyer (Fl. Br. Ind., I, 302) reduces it to Vatica Roxburghiana, Blume (Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. II, 31. t. 7.), Blume's Vatica Roxburghiana, being, as the citations and figure given by that author show, the Valeria Boxburghiana of Wight's Illustrations, p. 87, and Icones t. 26. It cannot be demonstrated, therefore, either from Linnaeus' description or specimen, or from Smith's figure of the latter, whether Linnaeus intended his genus Vatica to include only plants with the ovary and fruit free from the calyx, or whether plants in which there is such partial adhesion might not also be admitted. If the latter were the case there would be no occasion to keep up the genus Synaptea. This is the view adopted by Messrs. Hooker and Bentham, who remark of Synaptea, " ex descriptione auctoris verisimiliter ad Vaticam referenda est." This view is also adopted by Dyer, in " Hooker's Flora of British India," where he reduces Synaptea odorata, Griff., to the genus Vatica, Section Eu-Vatica. This view is also to a certain extent adopted by Burck who (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg) makes Synaptea a section of Vatica, characterised by having the lobes of the fruiting
1893.] G. King -Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 103 Leaves 2.5 to 3.5 in. long, with about 7 or 8 pairs of faint, main nerves, minutely reticulate. 9. V. reticulata. 1. Vatica perakensis, King, n. sp A tree 60 to 80 feet high; young branches slender, deciduously scurfily stellate-pubescent, the bark rather pale. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, more or less bluntly acuminate, sometimes caudate, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous, the midrib on the upper puberu-lous; main nerves 10 to 12 pairs, rather prominent beneath; length 2.5 to 4 in., breadth .8 to 1.3 in., petiole .4 to .5 in. Panicles axillary and extra-axillary, crowded near the ends of the branches, 1 to 2 in. long, minutely pale tomentose, as are the ovate-lanceolate calyx-lobes. Flowers .4 in. long. Petals narrowly oblong, obtuse, glabrous. Stamens slightly apiculate. Ovary minutely tomentose; stigma conical. Ripe fruit .3 in. in diam., globose, the style persistent, minutely tomentose, quite free from the calyx; the two accrescent calyx-lobes oblong-ob-lanceolate, obtuse, obscurely 5-nerved, 2.5 in. long and .5 in. broad; minor lobes unequal, lanceolate-acuminate, the largest about .85 in long. Perak: King's Collector, Wray; a common tree. Pangkore: Curtis. The nearest ally of this is Vatica Bantamensis, Benth. and Hook.; but that has rather larger and more coriaceous leaves, which are perfect-ly glabrous; larger flowers with petals scaly externally and a more scurfy inflorescence; moreover the whole of the accrescent calyx-lobes of its fruit are more coriaceous and the minor lobes are blunter. 2. Vatica Lowii, King, n. sp. A tree 60 to 80 feet high: young branches, petioles, inflorescence and calyx densely rusty, scurfy-tomen-tose with stellate hair intermixed, the branches ultimately glabrous and with dark bark. Leaves coriaceous, oblong, sub-acute, the base rounded; both surfaces glabrous, the midrib puberulous on the upper; main nerves 13 to 15 pairs, spreading, slightly prominent beneath; length 2.5 to 3.5 in., breadth 1 to 1.5 in., petiole .3 to .4 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, much crowded towards the ends of the branches; .75 to 1.5 in. long. Flowers .25 in. long. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, acumi-nate, oblique. Petals narrowly oblong, obtuse, almost glabrous. Stamens short, unequal-sided, apiculate. Ovary depressed, tomentose, style capitate. Ripe fruit globular, .25 in. in diam, deciduously rufous-scurfy; the style persistent, quite free from the calyx. Two large calyx-wings narrowly oblong, sub-acute, scarcely narrowed at the base, 5-nerved, 2.75 to 3 in. long, and .6 in. broad; the three smaller lobes sub-equal, about .5 or .6 in. long, lanceolate, obtuse. Perak: Scortechini, No. 2108; King's Collector, No. 7496. This species is closely allied to V. Maingayi, Dyer; but has smaller flowers, and rather larger leaves with considerably longer petioles. J. II. 14
104 G. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. [.No. 2, 3. Vatica Maingayi, Dyer, in Hook, fil , Fl., Br., Ind. I, 302. A tall tree : young branches slender, ultimately glabrous, but at first rusty furfuraceous-tomentose, as are the inflorescence, calyx and ripe fruit. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or obovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, the base rounded, glabrous on both surfaces ; main nerves 9 to 12 pairs, slender, curving, spreading ; length 3 to 4*5 in., breadth 1 to 1.75 in., petiole .6 to 1.5 in. Panicles short, few-flowered. Flowers .45 in. long. Calyx-segments oblong-lanceolate. Ovary depressed, rufous-tomentose. Ripe fruit globose, .25 in. in diam., the style persistent, rufous-tomentose; free from the calyx ; the two large wings linear-oblong, sub-acute, not contracted at the base, 5-nerved (the lateral nerves faint) 2 in. long and .35 to .5 in. broad ; the 3 smaller lobes ovate, sub-acuminate, .75 in. long, all glabrous. Malacca : Maingay (Kew Distrib.) No. 209. Of this I have seen only Maingay's specimens, which are not good. 4. Vatica nitens, King, n. sp. A tree 40 to 50 feet high: young branches and petioles densely covered with coarse deciduous scaly stellate tomentum, ultimately cinereous. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong, acuminate, slightly narrowed to the rounded base; both surfaces, but especially the upper, shining, glabrous, the base on the lower sparsely scaly-tomentose when young, finely reticulate; main nerves 18 to 20 pairs, spreading, prominent on the lower surface: length 9 to 10 in., breadth 2 in. ; petiole .5 in., stout. Pipe fruit globular, crowned by the persistent style, reticulate, .5 in. in diam., adnate fo half its length to the calyx ; the two large wings of the calyx oblong, slightly ob-lanceolate, obtuse, 3 in. long and .8 to .9 in. broad, the 3 shorter wings ovate-acuminate, .8 in. long; all boldly 5-nerved and shining. Penang: Curtis, No. 1404. This fine species is known only by Mr. Curtis' imperfect speci-mens. It is very distinct, being at once recognisable amongst the Indian species of Vatica by the size of its leaves and calyx-wings. 5. Vatica cinerea, King, n. sp. A tree about 40 feet high: young branches rufescent-puberulous at the very tips, otherwise glabrous and cinereous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceo-late, sub-acute, the base rounded or sub-cuneate ; both surfaces glabrous, finely reticulate when dry ; main nerves 6 to 8 pairs, spreading, faint; length 2.25 to 3.5 in., breadth .75 to 1.5 in., petiole .3 to .5 in. Panicles mostly axillary, spreading, rusty scurfy-tomentose, 1.25 to 2 in. long. Flowers .45 in. long. Calyx-lobes sub-equal, lanceolate, sub-acute, tomentose on both surfaces. Petals oblong-lanceolate, sub-acute, the half of the outer surface which is outside in aestivation pubescent, other-
1893.] Gr. King — Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 105 wise glabrous. Stamens obtusely apiculate. Ovary depressed, minutely tomentose; stigma capitate. Fruit (not quite ripe) globular, umbonate, attached for half its length to the calyx. The two larger calyx-wings ob-lanceolate-oblong, obtuse or sub-acute, 5-nerved, flocculent-puberu-lous near the base when young, ultimately glabrous, 2 in. long and .5 in. wide ; the 3 smaller wings lanceolate, obtuse, .5 in. long. Langani: Curtis, Nos. 2797 and 2798. Kedah: Curtis, Nos. 2096 and 2514. When dried, the leaves of this are of a dull gray colour—hence the specific name. Its fruit resembles that of the next species, but the leaves have fewer and less prominent nerves. 6. Vatica Curtisii, King, n. sp. A tree about 40 feet high: young branches, petioles, inflorescense and calyx brownish scurfy-pubescent, ultimately glabrous. Leaves ovate-oblong, sub-acute, the base rounded, both surfaces quite glabrous, reticulate ; main nerves 11 to 13 pairs, blique, rather prominent beneath ; length 3 to 5 in., breadth 1.3 to 2.5 in., petiole .3 to -45 in. Racemes axillary, few-flowered, 1 to l.25 in. long. Flowers .35 in. long. Calyx-lobes unequal, the 2 longer narrowly oblong, obtuse ; the 3 shorter lanceolate-acuminate. Petals elliptic, slightly oblique, blunt, glabrous except the pubescent edge which is external in the bud. Ripe fruit globular, .3 in. in diam., adherent to the calyx for half its length, the larger calyx-lobes oblong-obovate, usually obtuse, rarely sub-acute, 5-nerved, 1.75 to 2 in. long, and .7 in. broad ; the smaller wings about .4 in. long. Penang: Curtis, No. 1579. 7. Vatica faginea, Dyer in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind., I., 301. A tree 80 to 100 feet high: young branches slender, minutely cinereous stellate-tomentose as is the inflorescence. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or elliptic-oblong, finely reticulate, glabrous ; main nerves 9 to 11 pairs, spreading, curving, thin but prominent when dry ; length 4 to 5 in., breadth 1.5 to 2 in. Panicles 2 -5 in. long; flowers .5 in. long. Calyx-tube ribbed, minutely scurfy tomentose, the lobes unequal. Petals narrowly oblong, blunt, glabrous except the pubescent outside edge. Ovary hemispheric, minutely tomentose ; stigma capitate, lobed. Ripe fruit globular, adherent for half its length to the calyx, about .25 in. in diam., the style persistent ; the 2 larger calyx-wings narrowly oblong, or oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse, obscurely 5-nerved, 2 to 2.5 in. long, and .5 to .7 in. broad near the apex ; the three smaller wings un-equal, sub-spathulate, less than -5 in. long. Hopea faginea, Wall. Cat. 963 Shorea pinangiana, Wall., Cat. p. 157. Synaptea faginea, Pierre, For. Flore Coch.-Chine, t. 242. Penang: Wallich. Perak: King.s Collector, Nos. 36S6 and 3765.