DFKI-SLT/copious huggingface dataset:
PHILIPPINE DIPTEROCARPACEAE. 275 glabrous within. Petals dark-red within. Flowers said to have a rather sickeningly sweet odor. Petals prominently longitudinally veined. Filaments black between the oblong anthers. Appendage to the connective tapering and shorter than the anther. Ovary bluntly conical in outline, hairy. No stylopodium. Style smooth; stigma small and obscurely lobed. One of the most important of our timber trees. The wood is very pretty, coarse-grained and moderately hard. It is sometimes exported under the name of "Philippine Mahogany.'' This tree is most abundant in the northern part of the Island of Negros, where it occurs gregariously with almon, balacbacan and bagtican. It is, perhaps, the most important commercial wood of the Philippines at the present time. The leaves of this species show close resemblances to those of S. lepidota Bl., of Sumatra, S. selanica Bl., of Amboina, and S. platycarpa Heim, of Sarawak. For. Bur, 7281 Everett, collected in Negros Occidental in May 1907, is the type. LUZON, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 6498 Klemme, For. Bur. 17170 Curran: Province of Isabela, For. Bur. 6644 Klemme: Province of La Laguna, For. Bur. 22311 Mariano: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1152 Garcia: Province of Albay, For. Bur. 10620 Curran: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10601 Curran. NEGROS, Province of Negros Occidental, For. Bur. 7281 Everett, May 1907, in flower (type), For. Bur. 5209, 5500 Everett, For. Bur. 5212, 7405 Danao, For, Bur. 7253 Everett, May 1907, in bud, For. Bur. 13583 Meyer & Foxworthy, For. Bur. 17467, 17469, 17470, 17480, 16482, 17491, 17497 Curran. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, For. Bur. 6672 Stone, For. Bur. 7566 Hutchinson: Subprovince of Agusan, For. Bur. 7596, 7598, 7610 Hutchinson. Common names: red lauan, mangachapuy (V.). For description of habit of this species see Whitford in Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 10^2 (1911) 66, pls. 64, 65. 8. Shopea squamata (Turcz.) Dyer ex Vidal Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 62; Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 (1895) 92; Merr. in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 285; Foxworthy in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 386; Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 519; Merritt in Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 8 (1908) 16, 48; Whitford in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1910) Bot. 715, Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 10^2 (1911) 66, pl. 63. Hopea squamata Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Mosc. 31^1 (1858) 239; A. DC. Prodr. 16^2 (1868) 635. Leaves coriaceous or chartaceous, from a rounded base ovate-oblong or elliptic, upper side glabrous, under side rough with tufts of stellate hair; secondary nerves 14 to 18, curved, tertiary veins parallel; blade 10 to 20 cm long, petiole 2 cm long. Flowers bibracteolate in unilateral spikes, these distichous, in long axillary and terminal panicles, bracts oblong spathulate. Filaments of the 5 inner episepalous stamens with a thick rounded base, upon which the next 5 filaments are inserted; appendage of connective slightly longer than anther. Stylopodium smaller than ovary; style glabrous, twice the length of stylopodium; stigma minute. Larger segments of fruiting-calyx 15 to 17.5 cm long.
PHILIPPINE DIPTEROCARPACEAE. 277 cm wide. Petiole 1 to 3 cm long. Secondary nerves 14 to 22 pairs, arching ; tertiary parallel, prominent. Flowers sessile, in secund bracteate spikes, each flower subtended by two unequal bracts. Ovary pubescent, narrowed into a glabrous filiform style, much longer than ovary; stigma minute. Fruiting calyx with 3 wings 9 to 12.5 cm long, 15 mm wide, narrowed below, but base dilated, tightly enclosing the fruit; transverse veins and 7 to 9 longitudinal veins prominent. Fruits abundantly in August, but the fruit is quickly eaten by wild hogs, etc., perhaps for contained fat, and in a very few days, it is difficult to find any of the seeds remaining. The resin is sometimes collected from the tree for torches, etc., although, I think, not on a commercial scale. The timber is used in great quantities under the name of almon. LUZON, Province of Bataan, Merrill 1545 Garcia: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 11500 Whitford: Province of Camarines, For. Bar, 10716 Curran: Province of Albay, Cuming 880, in flower, For. Bur. 10577 Curran, For. Bur, 12682 Rosenbluth: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10555, 10562, 10628 Curran. NEGROS, Province of Negros Occidental, Whitford 1579, For. Bur. 5502 Everett, For. Bur. 15017 Danao, For. Bur. 11647 Whitford, April 1909, in flower, For. Bur. 13580 Meyer & Foxworthy, Sept. 1909, fruit, For, Bur. 13686, 17466, 17479, 17490, 17498 Curran, For. Bur. 18222 Rosenbluth, Aug. 1909, fruit. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, For. Bur. 6673 Stone, For. Bur. 7566a Hutchinson: Province of Misamis, For. Bur. 22461 Klemme: District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9243, 9373 Whitford-d & Hutchinson, For. Bur. 12353. 12354 Hutchinson. BASILAN, For. Bur. 3452, 6092 Hutchinson. Common names: almon, white lauan. Distribution: Malacca, Singapore, Sumatra, Bangka, Dindang, Bintang, Borneo (Foxworthy 159, collected in the western part of Sarawak in May 1909), the Philippines. 10. Shorea polysperma (Blanco) Merrill in Bur. Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 22, 29 (1905) 29; Phil. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 98; Foxworthy in Phil. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 356, 357, 394, 4 (1909) Bot. 423, 510, 518, pl. XXVII, f. 72, Everett & Whitford in Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 5 (1906) 26; Merritt in Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 8 (1908) 16, 48; Withford in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1910) Bot. 703, Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 10^2 (1911) 68, pls. 66, 67. Mocanera polysperma Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 448. Dipterocarpus polyspermus Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 312; A. DC. Prodr. 16^2 (1868) 614. Hopea tagnili Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 35; A. DC. Prodr. 16^2 (1868) 635. Shorea talura F.-Vill. Noviss. App. (1880) 21, non Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 93. A very large tree of the hill forests, at from 100 to 800 m above the sea, reaching a height of 50 m and a diameter of more than 2 m. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 8 to 11 cm long, 3 to 5 cm wide, shining, subcoriaceous, the base rounded, rarely somewhat acute, the apex usually rather long-acuminate; nerves 10 to 12 pairs, subprominent, ascending; 103750——4
280 FOXWORTHY. G. PARASHOREA Kurz, Calyx-tube very short, not enlarging. Sepals on the edge of a broad receptacle, almost valvate in bud. Stamens 12 to 15; anthers linear, on short filaments, the connective more or less prolonged; anther cells more or less unequal, the two posterior shortly beaked. Ovary free, hairy, 3-celled; style filiform. Fruit tomentose, acuminate. Five nearly equal wings narrowed below, not inclosing the fruit. In our species, the stipules are large, encircling the stem. Also, our species shows a distinct fold between the pairs of secondary nerves and is glaucous on the underside of the leaf and on the young twigs. The genus has three species, one from the Eastern Peninsula of India, one from Sumatra, and the third from Borneo and the Philippines. The bark of old trees is coarsely and deeply furrowed and dark-colored. Sapwood very light-colored; heartwood darker, often with a pinkish tinge. The wood is soft and moderately heavy and contains numerous resin-canals, filled with a whitish resin. Trees distinctly gregarious in habit, in moist forests. Pith with 15 resin-ducts. Petiole with 5 vascular bundles in the semicircle and just as many resin-canals, central bundle-mass with no resin-canals. 1. Parashorea plicata Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 (1895) 104; Merrill & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 114; Foxworthy in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 511, 516; Whitford in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1910) Bot. 712, Philip. For. Bur. Bull. 10^2 (1911) 64, pls. 60, 61. P. warburgii Brandis l. c. 105. Large trees, 20 to 40 m tall and 1 to 2 m in diameter. Bark 1 to 2 cm thick, longitudinally furrowed, dark-brown to nearly black in color. Leaves glabrous and shining above, elliptic, 6 to 15 cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide, marked by a distinct fold between the secondary nerves, similar to what is seen in many species of Dipterocarpus. In the terminal bud the young leaves are completely inclosed within the amplexicaul stipules, and the tender leaf at that stage consists almost entirely of the closely approximate secondary nerves. Stipules deciduous. Flowers 2.5 cm long, on thick pedicels furrowed when dry, which are half the length of the sepals. Sepals lanceolate, slightly overlapping in bud, gray-tomentose outside, pubescent inside. Stamens 15 ; anthers linear, glabrous ; valves nearly equal, the two posterior bluntly apiculate; appendage of the con-nective longer than the anther, thick spindle-shaped, with a long point. Ovary-cells half-immersed in the broad obconical receptacle, narrowed into an elongate hairy stylopodium. The 3 outer wings of fruiting calyx broader, 8-or 9-nerved, with prominent reticulate veins between the longitudinal nerves, similar to the venation in the fruiting sepals of the other species of the genus. LUZON, Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 22346 Alvarez: Province of Bu-
\ 282 FOXWORTHY. equal and much longer than fruit, or two segments growing out into long wings. So far as known, the cells of the cotyledons filled with starch. "Pith of internode with 10 to 20 small peripheral resin-canals. Petiole; peripheral bundle-system with 3 to 10 resin-canals, the central with a few resin-canals or without them." About 45 species known, with probably 5 species in the Philippines. Quite probably, some of the very variable material which is lumped under V. mangachapoi may be referable to other species when more complete specimens are secured. KEY TO PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF VATICA. a. Leaves chartaceous. b. Leaves broadly oval; wood light-colored and soft 4. V. sp. (calunti) bb. Leaves oblong or elliptic; wood dark-colored and hard 5. V. sp. (bagansusu) aa. Leaves coriaceous. b. Leaves yellow beneath 3. V. sp. (guiso madlao) bb. Leaves green on both surfaces. c. Narrowly oblong or elliptic 1. Vatica mangachapoi cc. Broadly oblong : 2. V. sp. (yacal bianco) 1. Vatica mangachapoi Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 401; A. DC. Prodr. 16^2 (1868) 623; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) xv, t. 15 B, ff. 1-6, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 61; Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 (1895) 134; Merr. in Bur. Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 22; Phil. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 98; Foxworthy in Phil. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 520; Whitford in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1910) Bot. 703, Philip. Bur. For. Bull. 10^2 (1911) 76, pl. 81. Mocanera mangachapoi Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 1 (1837) 450. Vatica aptanthera Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 281. Dipterocarpus mangachapoi Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 313. Pteranthera mangachapoi Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd-Bat. 2 (1856) 30. Shorea mangachapoi (Blanco) Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd-Bat. 2 (1856) 34. Anisoptera mangachapoi A. DC. Prodr. 16^2 (1868) 610; Vidal Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 18. Cotyleloobium philippinense Heim ms. in herb. Kew; Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. l. c. 134. This species is very incompletely understood ; but, I have followed the interpretation accepted by Brandis. A moderate-sized tree of the hill forests. Not gregarious. Bark light-grayish and rather smooth. Wood hard and heavy, brownish, fine-grained, resembling yacal but finer-and straighter-grained. Glabrous, excepting inflorescence and young shoots, which are clothed with stellate tomentum. Stipules small, caducous. Leaves pale on both sides, coriaceous, lanceolate; blade 7.5 to 12.5 cm long; petiole 1 cm long. Secondary nerves 7 to 9 pairs; tertiary reticulate. Flowers 1 cm long, on pedicels nearly as long as the calyx, in racemes which are not unilateral, these arranged in terminal and axillary racemose panicles. Pseudoterminal flowers frequent between the main axis and a branch of panicle. Calyx-segments
PHILIPPINE DIPTEROCARPACEAE. 285 fine-grained, red wood. The leaves have a shape very much like that of some species of Dryobalanops, but the venation is different. Bur. Sci. 13141 Foxworthy & Ramos, collected near the Kabibihan River, in the Province of Tayabas, Luzon, in March 1911, under the name of paina. This number has immature fruit, unlike anything else that I have seen. The leaves and wood resemble Hopea plagata. EXCLUDED SPECIES. F.-Villar in Noviss. App. 20-21, credits Shorea floribunda Kurz, S. parvifolia DC, S. reticulata Thwaites, Vatica grandiflora Dyer, V. scaphula Dyer, V. affinis Thwaites, to the Philippines, but without citing specimens. It seems safe to assume that he was mistaken in crediting these species to the Islands.
ILLUSTRATIONS. Plate XXXIV. Dipterocarpus pilosus Koxb., showing flower and fruit. Bur. Sci. 13123 Foxworthy & Ramos. Photograph by Cortez. XXXV. Dipterocarpus affinis Brandis, from Vidal's material in the herba-rium at Kew. Photographs by Foxworthy. XXXVI. Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Blanco, fruits collected in Negros to show variation in the development of the wings. Photographs by Martin. XXXVII. Dipterocarpus speciosus Brandis, from Vidal 2160, in the herba-rium at Kew. Photograph by Foxworthy. XXXVIII. Dipterocarpus sp., showing old leaves, fruits and seedling. For. Bur 12395 Curran & Merritt. Photograph by Cortez. XXXIX. Dipterocarpus sp., showing old leaves and fruit. For. Bur. 3223 Hagger. Photograph by Cortez. XL. Anisoptera brunnea Foxworthy. For. Bur. 11292 Klemme (type). Photograph by Cortez. XLI. Anisoptera curtisii Dyer. Bur. Sci. 8985 Foxworthy. Photo-graph by Cortez. XLII. Hopea basilanica Foxworthy. For. Bur. 15220 Klemme (type). Photograph by Cortez. XLIII. Hopea mindanaensis Foxworthy. For. Bur. 9029 Whitford & Hutchinson (type). Photograph by Cortez. XLIV. Shorea negrosensis Foxworthy. For. Bur. 7281 Everett (type). Photograph by Cortez.
641 it should not be represented by more specimens lower down ^44 and why it disappears almost entirely on the ridge leading to Limay Peak is not known. The explanation of its scarcity in the latter locality is probably correlated with the extension of the Bambusa-Parkia formation higher up the mountain in this situation. That the heat of the low country is not too great for it to flourish is evidenced by the fact that on the east coast of Luzon, where the dry season is less pronounced, it descends nearly to sea level. The topography of this formation is similar to that of the previous one discussed — i. e., it shows alternating prominent ridges and valleys. With the exception of its non-occurrence on the steep slopes, where the vegetation is thin and in the beds of the river canyons. Dipterocarpus itself is not confined to any particular topographic type. At the extreme upper limits of the apitong zone is a sharp knob where all the soil has been washed off, leaving the half-disintegrated volcanic rock exposed on the surface. On this area, out of 60 trees noted, 18 were Quercus sp.; 11, Vatica mangachapoi; 10, Shorea polysperma; 9, Eugenia pallida; 5, Symplocos oblongifolia, and the remainder Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, Ternstroemia toquian, Aporosa symplocosifolia, and Plectronia viridis. All these species in this situation have much reduced leaves and the trees show a tendency to become dwarfed. This plot is the lowest place which was observed on the mountain, where exposure to wind dwarfs the trees of the forest. The climbing bamboo (Dinochloa tjankorreh) is characteristic on the open places on steep slopes. No other bamboos are present in the formation. Young trees of the Dipterocarpacea with Memecylon edule, Aporosa sphaeridophora, Diospyros pilosanthera, Uvaria alba, Claoxylon rubescens, Codiaeum luzonicum, Leea philippinensis, Litsea luzonensis, Dracaena augustifolia, and Tabernaemontana pandacaqui form the undergrowth. In its response to the xerophytic conditions of the dry season, this formation differs from the Anisoptera-Strombosia one in having fewer deciduous trees. Isolated specimens of Parkia roxburghii are about the only individuals which shed their leaves completely during a portion of the dry season, but nearly all the trees show a thinner foliage. Dipterocarpus grandiflorus completely changes its leaves during January and February, but simultaneously with the dropping of the old, new ones take their place. At this season of the year the thick bed of dead Leaves on the ground, the large, red. bud scales appearing with the new leaves and the large, sweet-scented flowers of this species accentuate its numerical importance. The ground itself is so completely covered with fallen foliage that this characteristic, together with the thin undergrowth, reminds one strikingly of the forests of temperate regions in the autumn. Plates XXIV and XX VIII will give some idea of the gen- **Only one was noted in the Anisoptera-Strombosia formation and none were observed above an altitude of 450 meters. 43814——5
NEW SPECIES OF BIRDS. 15 spots on outer web, or with no spots at all. Tips of inner primaries and inner webs of all primaries spotted with creamy white Second-aries similarly spotted on both webs. Ear-coverts rusty brown. A creamy white malar stripe extending back of ear-covers. Chin and narrow stripe down center of throat white, bordered by a broad stripe of brownish black on each side, the tips of feathers forming side stripes being brownish white. Under surface with strong ful-vescent wash. Feathers of upper breast with distinct brownish black shaft marks. Feathers of lower breast and abdomen with ill defined streaks of the same color. Feathers of flanks nearly white, with only slight dark markings. Under tail-coverts yellowish white, with dark shaft stripes. Under surface of tail slightly lighter than upper, but tips of two central pairs of feathers nearly black. Under wing-coverts and axillaries creamy white, spotted with brownish black. Bend of wing uniform brownish black. The female lacks the scarlet head markings of the male and the creamy white spot, which is partially concealed in the male, is in the female quite conspicuous. Otherwise the sexes are alike. Five males measure in length, 584 inches. Culmen, 80. Wing, 807 Tail, 159. Tarsus, 59. Eight females: Length, 597. Culmen, 79 Wing, 319. Tail, 163. Tarsus, 66. Habitat: Sibuy an. 11. Chibia menagei sp. nov. Adult male in worn out plumage. Black. Wings with metallic green gloss. Feathers of head, nape, neck and breast with spangles of metallic blue, broad on crown, elsewhere narrow. Scapulars, interscapulars, back and rump blue-black, with faint metallic gloss. Upper tail coverts more strongly glossed, especially on outer web. Central tail feathers and outer webs of others glossed like the wings. Tail graduated, the outer pair of feathers exceeding the next inner pair by one and one fourth inches and strongly curved upward and inward, so that at tip the inner web of feather is turned outward. Neck-hackles considerably elongated. Female like male. None of the specimens show frontal plumes. Average measurements of nine males: Length, 13. 25 inches. Culmen, 137. Wing, 539. Tail, 691. Tarsus, 1. Of seven females: Length, 1287. Culmen, 137. Wing, 536. Tail, 669. Tarsus, 101. This curious species is by far the largest representative of its genus yet discovered in the Philippine Islands, and differs strikingly from both the other known species, one of which is confined to Palawan and the Calamianes Islands, while the other occurs in the Sulu group and in Cagayan Sulu.
18 BOURNS AND WORCESTER: PRELIMINARY NOTES. A female measured 350 in length. Culmen, 68. Wing, 158. Tail, 90. Tarsus, 52. Habitat: Negros, Cebu, Masbate. This pretty species can be readily distinguished from the last, its nearest ally, by its orange yellow throat with heavier orange red markings. The female also differs from that of Aethopyga arolasi in having a yellow rump. 16. Aethopyga in hint a sp. nov. Adult male. Like Aethopyga arolasi, but smaller, and the throat pure yellow without the faintest trace of orange red. We regret that we are unable to furnish exact measurements because our type specimen, a male in fine plumage disappeared from the collection in July, 1894. Habitat: Mindoro: This tiny species is rare in Mindoro and was seen by us on but two occasions. 17. Dicaeiim pallid for sp. nov. Adult male. Above exactly like D. dorsale, which by the way has the back slaty blue, not slaty grey, as stated in Cat. B, Vol. x p. 40. Entire under surface yellow, only slightly deeper on the breast, and not rich orange as in D. dorsale. Habitat: Cebu. Were it not that we have a large series of birds from Cebu in breeding plumage we should not think of separating the Cebu birds, but with the series of specimens now before us we cannot do otherwise. The almost uniform yellow under surface of D. pallidior, contrasts strongly with the yellow throat and abdomen and bright orange breast of D. dorsale. Young males of D. dorsale show streaks of orange on the breast long before reaching maturity, hence the difference is not a matter of age and, as we have already remarked, our Cebu birds were in breeding plumage. The female is like that of D. dorsale. Measurements of eleven males: Length, 350 inches. Culmen, 55. Wing, 192. Tail, 103. Tarsus, 51. Of four females: Length, 331. Wing, 188. Tail, 98. Tarsus, 49. 18. Dictum in sibuyanica sp. nov. A well marked species of the D. dorsale type and the largest representative of this type yet discovered in the Philippine islands. A very noticeable characteristic is that fully adult birds always have the base of the lower mandible whitish as do the young of most other species of the genus.
20 BOURNS AND WORCESTER: PRELIMINARY NOTES. Female like that of D. sibutense, but with the throat, upper breast and sides of face light ashy grey, uniformly washed with yellow. The plate in Ibis seems to show a faint orange mark on the back of the female of D, sibutense, though no such marking is described in the text. If this is the case the female of D. sibutense differs from that of every other Philippine representative of the genus. A male from Sulu measures 3. 50 inches in length. Culmen, 53. Wing, 204. Tail, 97. Tarsus, 53. Two females from the same locality measure 331 in length. Culmen, 50. Wing, 198. Tail, 97. Tarsus. 48. Habitat: Sulu, Tawi Tawi (). Weave only females fromtawi Tawi and cannot be quite sure of the identification. 21. Prionochilus aeruginosus sp. nov. Adult male in poor plumage. Upper surface light rusty brown, washed with olive yellow on rump, upper tail coverts, outer webs of secondaries and tail feathers. Ear coverts and sides of neck lighter than crown. Lores, like side of head, bordered above and below by narrow, creamy white stripes reaching to eye. A creamy white malar stripe is separated from these and from the throat by light brown stripes of about the same width. Throat white. All the feathers with broad brown shaft markings extending to their tips give the breast a strongly striped appearance. Stripes become less sharply defined on the flanks and disappear almost entirely on the abdomen. Under tail-coverts creamy white with dark ill-defined brown spots. Under wing-coverts and axillaries creamy white. Inner webs of quills ashy grey, outer webs and tips blackish brown. Female like the male but with less olive yellow above. Young like female but lacking the distinct markings on the under surface. Measurements from three males: Length, 425 inches. Culmen, 45. Wing, 260. Tail, 142. Tarsus, 57. A female measures 400 in length. Culmen, 53. Wing, 244. Tail, 128. Tarsus, 53. Habitat: Cebu, Mindanao. 22. Prionochilus bicolor sp. nov. Adult male: Entire upper surface deep black, with faint metallic blue gloss. Entire under surface, including under wing coverts, axillaries and inner webs of quills, white. Bases of feathers of breast, flanks and abdomen slaty black. Bill, legs and feet black. Iris red. Length, 3 25 inches. Wing, 198. Tail, 96. Culmen, 42. Tar sus, 56. Habitat: Mindanao. Found in the hills back of Ayala, near Zamboanga.