DFKI-SLT/copious huggingface dataset:
FI8RES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 75 104. Archamia bleekeri (Glinther) Masangm Forty-eight specimens from Bacon no 3279 to 3306 and 3678; length I S to 3 in. and ' from Sai Fabian no 3815; length 125 in. These each have 16 anal rays, a round black -i at base of caudal. its outline sharply defined, a large blade spot ai anterior end of lateral lim touching upper edge of opercle, and a dusky line from eye to subopercle. Resembling n bul readily distinguished by the form and position of the caudal and i ral spots. Among our specimens are both males and females. Nearly mature eggs were found in the oval some of the females, and a mass of mature eggs a-discovered in the mouth of a male. It has long '-d that the male of certain species of this family carries the eggs in his mouth during incubation Meas nos of Id of these eggs gave an average diameter of 051 nun. bleekri Gtinther, Cat, 1. 245, 1859, Batavia, Padang; Amboyna. , Bleeker, Nal Tijds Ned. Ind, u, 168, 1851, and Atlas, v, pi. cccxlvi, Family AMBASSIDAE. 105. Ambassis urotsenia Bleeker. i hie hundred and three specimens from Bacon no. 3408 and 3621 length 1 75 to 3 in Head 27o in length; depth 275; eve 31 in head; snout 475; second dorsal pine 1 in length. in-i, 9; anal m. 10; scales 1 28 ti. 2 rows on cheek. Ambai I Bleaker, Nat. tijds Ned. Ind, in. L852, J, Amboyna; Atlas m Clrvfig. 2, and pi fig. i Giinther Cat t. m. 106. Ambassis lung-i (Jordan & Seale Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3834 and H92; length 1 to 3 in. This species is easily distinguished by the single raw of scales on check, the broken lateral hue. and the of tin fins and back. Daj Fishes India, pi. v. fig, 8; no1 of Bleeker. Ionian v Seale, Bull. Bu. Fisheries, xvi 1906 18, Bg, 6, Cavite, Luzon. Family PEMPHERIDAE. 107. Pempheris vanicolensis Cuvier & Valenciennes Fight specimens from Bacon (no. 3213 to 3218, 3542 and 3762; length 375 I n. and 3 young from Bulan (no. 3817 Head 34 in length: depth 22; eye 2H in head; snout 65; anal in, 43. No black spot on base of pectoral; anterior dorsal rays black-tipped; edge of anal black. These characters distinguish the spi Pempherit vanicduntis Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss, vi, 227 J5 is u. Vanicolo. Family SERRANID-F. 108. Epinephelus merra Bloch. Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3630, 3031 3632, and 4082; length 4 to o> in). im mo Bloch, tenth, in, 17. pi. ci m, 1797; Boulenger, Cat, i. 241, 1895. 109. Epinephelus tauvina (Forskal). due specimen from Bacon (no. 3633; length 14 in). Perea tauvina Forskal. Descr. Anim, 39, 1775, Red Sea. Epinephelus tauvina, Boulenger Cat, i. -ii 110. Epinephelus fasciatus (Forskal). One fine specimen from Bacon 'no. 11)10: length 1075 in Perea faieiata Forskal. Descr. Anim. 40, 177V Red Sea. Epinephelus fasciatus, Boulenger, Cat, t ' 18
JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. 76 Table 4 Major food trees of gibbons in Hollongapar forest and their fruiting seasons Tree species Bud-flower Fruit Leaf Fruiting season Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica -+-Aug. Bombacaceae Bombax insigne +++ Aug. B. malabaricum +++ Aug.-Sept. Burseraceae Canarium bengalense -+-Oct.-Nov. C. resiniferum -+-Oct.-Nov. Dilleniaceae Dillenia indica +++ June Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus macrocarpus -++ Oct.-Nov. Lagerstroemia flosreginae +-+ Oct.-Nov. L. parviflora +-+ Oct.-Nov. Shorea robusta +-+ Oct.-Nov. Terminalia bellirica -++ Nov.-Feb. T. citrina +— Nov.-Feb. T. myriocarpa +— Nov.-Feb. Athrocephalus cadamba +-+ July-Aug. Euphorbiaceae +-July-Aug. Bridela retusa -+-Sept. Endospermum chinense -+-Aug.-Sept. Guttiferae Callophyllum polyanthum -+-July Garcinia sp. -+-Jan. Lauraceae Litsea citrata +-+ Jan. Phoebe cooperiana +-+ Jan. P. goalparansis +— Jan. Leguminosae Albizzia lebbek +— Jan. A. procera +-+ Jan. A.stipulata +-+ Parkia roxburghii -++ May-Aug. Moraceae Artocarpus chaplasha -A. integriflora -++ Aug.-Sept. A. khasiana —+ Aug.-Sept. A. lakoocha -++ Aug.-Sept. Ficus glomerata +++ Jan.-July F.nervosa ++-Aug.-Oct.
il02 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXXlV Cycas are among-the most ornamental plants of tropical and sub-tropical gardens. They are often designated ‘Sago palms’ although they have nothing in common with a palm except the general habit of growth. The beauti-ful, glossy leaves are used for decoration. The Cycadaceae are of very great interest to the Botanist, because they occupy a place intermediate between Phanerogams (the flowering plants) and the Cryptogams, viz., ferns, mosses, etc. There are various species of Cycas culti-vated in the garden, e.g. , Cycas Rumphii, Miq. another indigenous species ; Cycas medica, R. Br. is an introduction from Australia; Cycas revoluta, Thumb, is a native of China and Japan and Cycas sia-mensis, Miq. from Burma, Siam and Cochin China. The cone of the Cycas circinalis was sent to the Herbarium of the Section of Botany of the Royal Institute of Science, Bombay. Municipal Gardens, D. S. LAUD, Bombay, g.b.v.c., f.r.h.s., f.z.s., October, 1930 Superintendent. XXXIX.— AN ABNORMAL FRUIT OF DIPTEROCARPUS TUBERCULATUS, ROXB. The normal fruit has two wings and the fruiting tube is produced into five sharp knobs. The abnormal carried three wings of the same size with six knobs on the pericarp. The abnormal fruit was 1’68 grams heavier than the normal one. It was longer than the ordinary fruit by TO mm. and 2 ’5 mm. along the transverse and longitudinal axes respectively. The material was collected from Promee Road, Rangoon. Out of fifty specimens, three were abnormal. The Burmese name for the tree is Eng. July 2, 1930. L. P. KHANNA, m.Sc., f.i.s., Rangoon University, Rangoon.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 1-20, 5 figs, 4 tables. October 8, 1997 SPECIES OF THE GUENTHERI GROUP OF PLATYMANTIS (AMPHIBIA: RANIDAE) FROM THE PHILIPPINES, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES '9ni Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, San Franci £ er C. Brown scop, California 941 18 H? Angel C. Alcala Commission on Higher Education, DAP Building, San Miguel Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig City, Philippines Arvin C. Diesmos College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, Los Barios, Laguna, Philippines and Ely Alcala Center for Tropical Conservation Studies, Silliman University, Dumaguete City 6200, Philippines Species of the guentheri group of Philippine Platymantis are revised. Platymantis guentheri is rediagnosed. Four species, previously confused with guentheri, (P. rabori, P. negrosensis, P. luzonensis, and P. banahao) are described. Received March 14, 1996. Accepted May 30, 1996. In a recent paper (Brown et al. 1997) three species-groups (assemblages) of Philippine Platymantis were diagnosed, based on different combinations of digital characters. In the same paper, species of the hazelae group were revised. For convenience those diagnoses are briefly restated. The hazelae Group. This Group is diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) terminal phalanx a wide "T; (2) disks of fingers, except first, broadly dilated; (3) first finger much shorter than second, not reaching beyond midpoint between subarticular tubercle and disk; (4) digits proximal to disks much broader than deep, the result of wide dermal flanges; (5) subarticular tubercles large, round, and only moderately protruding; (6) toe disks smaller than finger disks. The guentheri Group. — ( 1 ) terminal phalanx a moderate to wide "T; (2) disks of fingers, except first; moderately to broadly dilated; (3) first finger shorter than second, reaching as far as base of disk for some species; (4) digits proximal to disks about as deep as broad, the result of narrow, dermal flanges; (5) subarticular tuber-Pi
BROWN, A. ALCALA, DIESMOS AND E. ALCALA: PLATYMANTIS Figure 2. Platymantis rabori from Mindanao Island. surdus. None of the clutches have been positively identified with this species. Etymology. --Named for Dioscoro S. Rabor, Filipino ornithologist and mammalogist, who added greatly to our knowledge of the ranges of Philippine amphibians and reptiles. COMPARISONS. — Platymantis rabori differs from guentheri, negrosensis, luzonensis, and banahao as indicated in the diagnosis and key. ECOLOGICAL NOTE. --Preferred microhabitat is arboreal ferns or leaf axils of Pandanus. Of 56 examples collected in 1962 in original forest near Cantaub, Siena Bullones. Bohol Island 50 were from arboreal ferns, 4 from leaf axils of Pandanus and 2 from duff on the forest floor. The elevation is between 500 and 800 m (Brown and Alcala 1963). This contrasts with Platymantis guentheri with 41 of 57 specimens from the forest floor and only 9 from arboreal ferns. In a later (1972) study of the arboreal fern microhabitat in the same forest area on Bohol, 88 specimens were P. rabori and 20 were P. guentheri. The height range of the ferns for P. rabori is 05 to 125 m. RANGE. — Populations are recorded from Bohol, Leyte, and Mindanao islands. Platymantis negrosensis new species Cornufer guentheri: Alcala and Brown, 1957182; Brown and Alcala, 1961632, 1964600. Platymantis guentheri (part): Brown and Alcala, 1970b: 109. This new species, like the sympatric Platymantis hazelae, has been extensively studied in the
52 THE MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE PHILIPPINES used in Java as an injection for gonorrhoea. In western India and in the Philippines it is an article of diet. The seeds yield an oil that is used for illumination and as a comestible. Botanical Description. — A large tree of the first order with digitate leaves of 6-8 leaflets, broad, oval, very acute, tough, glabrous, growing on a long common petiole. No petiole proper. Flowers of a foetid or feculent odor, hermaphrodite, in compound racemes. Calyx fleshy, soft pubescent internally, bell-shaped, in 5 parts. Corolla none. Nectary 5toothed, on the end of a small column. Stamens 15, inserted on the border of the nectary by threes, forming a triangle. Filament almost entirely wanting. In the midst of the stamens is visible a small, hairy body of 5 lobules which are the rudiments of the ovaries. The style protrudes and twists downwards. Stigma thick, compressed, of 5 lobules. Fruit, five woody pods, semicircular, joined to a common center, each enclosing many oval seeds inserted in the superior suture. Habitat. — Luzon, Mindanao, Cebu, Iloilo. Blooms in March. Sterculia urens, Roxb. (8. cordifolia, Blanco ; Cavallium urens, Schott. & Endl) Nom. Yvijg-banilad, Tag. Uses. — The root bark is pounded up and applied locally in orchitis and in severe contusions with supposed fracture of the bones ; native charlatans pretend to cure the latter condition by this treatment. The trunk exudes a sort of gum, which with water forms a sort of colorless, odorless gelatin which dissolves at the boiling point. I do not know to what use this gum is applied in therapeutics, but it is often found mixed with the Senegambian gum acacia.
XANTHOXYLUM OXYPHYLLUM 63 Botanical Description. — A plant, 1 meter high, with leaves alternate, compound, the inferior ones 2-3-cleft ; leaflets narrow, oblong, slightly fleshy. Flowers greenish-yellow, hermaphrodite, arranged in corymbose terminal cymes. Corolla, 4-5 free, concave petals. Calyx deeply divided, persistent. Stamens 8-10, free, in two whorls, inserted beneath a thick disc. Ovaries 5, unilocular, many-ovuled. Styles 5, first free, then united, forming a column terminating in a small stigma. Follicles 5, united at the base, 1 centimeter long, free superiorly, hard, rounded, rugose, opening on top. Seeds ovoid, angular, blackish, albuminous. Habitat. — Common everywhere in the Philippines. Xanthoxylum oxyphyllum, Edge. (X. violaceum, Wall; Fagara piperita, Blanco) Nom. Vulg. — Kayutana, Tag; Salay, Saladay, Vis. Uses. — The trunk bark is stimulant and is used as a sudorific in the treatment of fevers. The fresh bark is quite irritating, for which reason it is best to use bark taken from the more mature parts of the trunk, powdered and desiccated. The dose is J-2 grams 2-3 times a day. Its stimulating properties render it useful in colic and in India it is used as a stomachic and digestive. Is seems also to possess diuretic properties. Botanical Description. — A tree 30-35° high, with trunk thickly set with large spines. Leaves odd-pinnate. Leaflets ovate, acute, obtusely serrate, small transparent vesicles on the surface, spines on the midrib and common petiole. Calyx very small, monophyllous. Corolla twice as large as the calyx, 4 petals. Stamens 4, inserted on the receptacle, the same length as the petals. Ovary superior, 4-angled. No style. Stigmas 2. Habitat. — Batangas, Morong, Manila.
128 THE MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE PHILIPPINES T. anguina, L. (T. amara, Blanco) Nom. Vulg. — Salagsalag, Pakupis, Salimpolcot, Kukubitan, Halajiala, Buyokbuyok, Tag. ; Tabobog, Kukubitan, Pukopukot, Kuranda, Vis, Pam. T. cucumerina, L. Nom. Vulg. — Probably the same as T. anguina. Uses. — The fruit of T. anguina is purgative, emetic and anthelmintic. The natives use an infusion of the filamentous, reticulate portion surrounding the seeds, in doses of 050-060 gm, according to P. Blanco. The second species, T. cucumerina, has a wider use. In India it is regarded as a febrifuge and laxative and is commonly given with some aromatic. Ainslie notes that the leaves, as well as the fruit, are bitter and purgative and that the Tamuls use them for their laxative and stomachic effect. Drury states that on the Malabar coast the seeds have a considerable reputation as a remedy for functional disorders of the stomach. Although the green fruit is very bitter the natives of that region use it as a condiment. The tender stems and the dry capsules, both bitter and purgative, are given in infusion and in a sweetened solution, as an aid to digestion. The seeds are febrifuge and anthelmintic. The juice of the leaves is emetic and that of the roots purgative. The decoction of the stem is expectorant. In Bombay the plant is considered febrifuge, and is given in decoction with ginger, Swertia, errata, and sugar. The Mohammedan authors say that the T. cucumerina is effective in expelling lumbricoids and one of them mentions the following as a cure for stubborn fevers Seeds of T. cucumerina No. 180. Seeds of coriander or cumin No. 180. Boiling water 200 grams.
PHILIPPINE DIPTEROCARPACEAE. 247 probable that they are identical and possible that they both will have to be referred to D. pilosus. This is particularly likely in view of the extreme variability in size, shape, and texture of the leaves at different ages in species of this genus. It will, however, require careful observation in the field before any such reduction can safely be made. Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 5248 Klemme, For. Bur. 17213, 11233 Curran, For. Bur. 18501 Alvarez: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 10341./ Curran: Province of Camarines, Vidal 82, For. Bur. 10660 Curran. TICAO, Vidal 2161. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 755o Hutchinson, For. Bur. 9)33 Whitford d Hutchinson. Common names: camuyao (Cag.), hagachac (Tag.), liput (Manobo). 3. Dipterocarpus sp. aff. D. turbinato Gaertn, f. Plate XXXIX. A form with fruit which is distinctly obconical or top-shaped. Leaves and buds glabrous or nearly so, resembling material of D. turbinatus var. andamanicus King. Our material is all fragmentary, the fruit having been collected on the ground under the trees. Vidal, Sinopsis, Atlas (1883) XV, i. 14, f. c. represents a fruit which he calls D. turbinatus and which is said to have been brought from the Island of Panay. The fruit figured by Vidal is apparently not so top-shaped as in the specimens cited below. Some of the material from the Malay Peninsula in the herbarium at Kew under the name of D. turbinatus has fruit very much like the following : Luzon, Province of La Laguna, For. Bur. 8864 10074, 19261 Curran: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. s.n., For. Bur. 3223 Hagger, For. Bar. 6045 Kobbe, For. Bur. 12500 Rosenbluth: Province of Albay, Cuming 881: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10564 Curran. This species seems to be fairly common in dense forests on low ridges in some parts of Tayabas. Common names: apitong (Tag.) , patsahingin (Tag.). 4. Dipterocarpus trinervis Blume Cat. Buitenz. (1823) 78, tab.. Bijdr. (1823) 223, FI. Javae (1829) U, L 1. Verhandl. Bat. Genootsch. 9 (1825) 178; Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Kruidkunde 1 (1848) 61 ; De Vriese in Miquel Pl. Jungh. 1 (1581) 83; Miq. Fl. lud. Bat. 1^ (1859) 496; A. DC. Prodr. 16 (l868) 608; Dyer in Journ. Bot. 12 (1874) 102; Burck in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buiten. 6 (1887) 195; Brandis & Gilg in Engler & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 (1894) 257,f. 119; Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 (1895) 30. Leaves and fruit larger than in D. hasseltii; secondary nerves 10 to 20 pairs ; petiole one-fourth to one-sixth the length of the blade. Fruit more than 2 em in diameter. Represented in our collection by only two detached old leaves from Palawan. The determination is therefore rather doubtful. Palawan, For. Bur. 12272 Wallace. Common name: apitong (Vis.). Distribution: Java and the Philippines.