&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nesting biology of &lt;em&gt;Paravespa rex&lt;/em&gt; (von Schulthess 1924) &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;(Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) in the Crimea, Ukraine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Journal: Zootaxa
Year: 2013

Paravespa rex is the only species of the wasp genus Paravespa that occurs in Europe. Females of this species nest in clay loam soil of proluvial terraces and deluvial aprons of badlands. The nests are vertical burrows 10-12 cm deep, surmounted by turrets of two distinct architectural forms: funnel-shaped and curved. The nests contain 1-3 vertical cells (mean-1.9) not different from the other parts of nest burrow. An egg is laid onto the bottom of the cell without attaching; it stands vertically