THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE EU COMMON SECURITY AND DEFENCE POLICY IN RESPONSE TO RUSSIA’S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE
Journal: Social Development Economic and Legal Issues
Year: 2025

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has profoundly reshaped the security environment of Europe and triggered a fundamental reassessment of the European Union’s role as a security actor. Traditionally characterized as a civilian and normative power, the EU has increasingly relied on instruments associated with military assistance and defence cooperation in response to the war. This shift has placed the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) at the centre of the Union’s ext