We Are No Longer Europeans: The Evolution of the Image of Europe and the West in Russian Strategic Documents (2007–2023)
Journal: Studia Rossica Gedanensia
Year: 2023

Since Vladimir Putin commenced his third presidential term in 2012, anti-Western and anti-European discourse has markedly intensified in both the Russian public sphere and the state-controlled media. Accusations levelled against the West and endeavours to underscore Russia’s moral and cultural pre-eminence have escalated in concert with the burgeoning tensions in Russia’s relations with the West. This crescendo of official Russian anti-Western sentiment is manifest in the pronouncements of Putin