After the Avalanche: The Post-Snowden Intelligence Politics between the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany
Journal: Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union
Year: 2016

The revelations of PRISM and XKeyscore by ex-National Security Agency (NSA) analyst Edward Snowden resulted in arguably the largest intelligence leak so far in the 21st century. The leak revealed that the NSA was working with the British Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) on surveillance and data collection of individuals throughout Europe. Similarly, the NSA also colluded with the German Federal Intelligence Service (BND) on similar data collection and surveillance activities. Wherea