Public Intelligence in Public Diplomacy
Journal: Nemzetbiztonsági Szemle
Year: 2025

This paper examines the evolution of intelligence sharing as a tool of public diplomacy through analysis of two recent cases: the U.S. intelligence disclosures preceding Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine and the 2023 Chinese surveillance balloon incident. Drawing on declassified documents and contemporary reporting, the article demonstrates how intelligence sharing has transformed from a purely operational tool into a sophisticated instrument of public diplomacy. The paper reveals distinct appro