Cardiorenal, Renocardiac, and Reno-CardioCardiac Syndromes: An Updated Review on General Definitions, Pathophysiology, and Therapies (Part 1)
Journal: Yemen Journal of Medicine
Year: 2025

Background: Acute and chronic heart or kidney failure affect each other in cardiorenal syndromes (CRS). In CRS, hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic changes occur, causing acute or progressive renal and cardiac failures. CRS is classified into five types based on the first organ failure and causes failure of the other organ. We believe that the current CRS classification is not the correct one that effectively describes the underlying cause of CRS. Hence, we consider it better to be classified into t