Stellar Spottedness Models
Year: 2026

Starspots are one of the most important characteristics of stars with solar-type activity. This paper briefly outlines the history of studying these structures, from a single round spot in the middle of the past century to the present-day three-component stellar surface consisting of the quiet photosphere, cold spots, and hot faculae. Particular attention is given to the zonal spottedness model proposed and developed in Crimea, which is practically unknown to our foreign colleagues due to the fa