Fine-structure mapping of structured Laguerre-Gaussian beam states on the orbital Poincaré sphere
Journal: Computer Optics
Year: 2025

Elements of a 4D symplectic matrix P of second-order intensity moments are theoretically found and experimentally measured for paraxial structured Laguerre-Gaussian (sLG) beams with two control parameters—the amplitude e and phaseq. It is shown that only three out of ten elements of the matrix P are independent and directly measurable in the experiment. The remaining elements are determined through them. This made it possible to calculate the orbital Stokes parameters (S1, S2, S3), with their th