Response to collective threat: Russian invasion unifies Ukrainians across ethnic, linguistic, religious and geographic lines
Journal: Royal Society Open Science
Year: 2025

Under the collective threat of war, the 2022 Russian invasion would be expected to unify Ukrainians across distinct ethnic, linguistic, geographic and generational identities. Here, we show this using survey data collected in Belarus and Ukraine before and after the full-fledged invasion of Ukraine by Russia. Using our data collection waves from spring and summer of 2022, we observed attitudinal changes rarely documented before and after such an event. Our data include both the invaded country,