Balancing Deterrence and Partnership: The EU’s Security Dilemma Between Russia and Turkey
Journal: SCIENTIFIC WORK
Year: 2025

This article analyzes the comparative impact of Russia and Turkey on European Union security, focusing on their distinct strategies, tools, and the EU's varied responses.Russia represents a direct, revisionist threat through military aggression, hybrid warfare and energy dependency, leading the EU to adopt sanctions, bolster NATO's eastern flank, and support Ukraine.Turkey's approach combines assertive regional policies in the Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean with selective cooperation on mig