Energy Dynamics in Chronic Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease &amp; the Cardiorenal Syndrome: A New Causal Paradigm
Journal: The Gazette of Medical Sciences
Year: 2023

In this paper we examine HF and CKD through the lens of a new causal paradigm: as a conjoined energy deficiency syndrome whose progression is governed by impaired energy generation by the cardiovascular system leading to subsequent deterioration of blood energy dynamics. Due to the immense complexity of this topic our intention is not to go into unnecessary and laborious detail on specific cellular and molecular aspects of the syndromes but, instead, to use illustrative examples to establish ove