Correspondence: NATO Non-expansion and German Reunification
Journal: International Security
Year: 2017

In “Deal or No Deal,” Joshua Itzkowitz Shifrinson sheds new light on an important case.1 At the article's core is a clear historical question: Did U.S. leaders offer to limit NATO expansion in 1990? Shifrinson provides substantial evidence that they did, proposing a quid pro quo that convinced Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to accept German reunification within NATO. The article frames its modern relevance by conflating that historical question with distinct causal and moral questions, however,