From Ratification to Reality: The 1954 Hague Convention Seventy-One Years Later
Journal: Heritage
Year: 2025

Seventy-one years after its adoption, the 1954 Hague Convention, along with its Protocols, remains the most specialised legal framework for protecting and safeguarding cultural property during armed conflicts and military occupation. This article, through specific cases, seeks to assess the practical implementation of the Convention and highlight its weaknesses. Specifically, the vagueness of certain critical provisions allows—at times deliberately—for their misinterpretation by the contracting