Economic sanctions and their global spillover effects: a macroeconomic analysis
Journal: Business and management
Year: 2025

Economic sanctions have become an essential tool of international policy, employed to influence the behavior of states without resorting to direct military intervention. However, their impact is not limited to the sanctioned country alone – in many cases, partner states also experience significant economic disruptions. Although often presented as a peaceful alternative to armed conflict, sanctions carry far-reaching economic consequences for both targeted nations and the global economy. This pap