Mediation as a Diplomatic Tool in Ottoman Capitulations
Journal: Codrul Cosminului
Year: 2022

Despite the substantial body of literature on capitulations in the Ottoman Empire, hardly any of it explores the role of mediation in the process of concessions becoming a heavy burden for the Ottoman Empire. However, there is an undeniable connection between the advent of mediation in Ottoman diplomacy and the spread of capitulations. As the Ottoman Empire weakened militarily, especially from the end of the 17 th century, it was forced to seek peace through the mediation of European states (esp