Russian aggression against Ukraine and the changes in European Union countries’ macroeconomic situation: Do energy intensity and energy dependence matter?
Journal: Economics and Business Review/The Poznań University of Economics Review
Year: 2023

The study aims to assess whether there are significant differences among EU member states regarding the Russo-Ukrainian-conflict-driven changes in macroeconomic indicators and whether these differences are linked to the country’s energy vulnerability. Applying the k-means clustering, there are distinguished three country groups similar with regard to regarding their energy intensity, energy dependence (including Russian gas dependence) and household budgets' exposure to energy prices. Based on K