Echo grid integration: A novel method for preprocessing multibeam water column data to quantify underwater gas bubble emissions
Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Methods
Year: 2023

Abstract Water column imaging multibeam echo sounder systems (MBESs) are a promising technology for quantitative estimates of the gas bubble volume flow within large gas seepage areas. Considerable progress has been made in recent years toward applicable calibration methods for MBESs as well as developing inversion models to convert acoustically measured backscattering cross sections to gas bubble volume flow. However, MBESs are still not commonly used for quantitative gas flow assessments. A re