THE SECURITY OF THE NORDIC STATES UNDER THE RUSSIAN HYBRID THREATS
Journal: Vìsnik.
Year: 2025

Introduction. The Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked a critical turning point in the European security landscape, prompting Sweden and Finland to abandon their longstanding policies of neutrality in favor of accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This strategic realignment has been accompanied by a notable intensification of Russian hybrid activity in Northern Europe. The resulting transformation of the regional security status quo presents NA