Ligurian:
# Fiorenso Toso

A-i 24 de settembre u. p. o l’é mancou tròppo fito o professô Fiorenzo Toso, ordinäio de lenguistica generale à l’Universcitæ de Sasciai, ma ch’o l’ea conosciuo in Liguria sorvetutto pe-i studi inneuvativi in sciô zeneise, o seu lescico, a seu lettiatua e a seu presensa ôtramâ. O l’à traduto ben ben de euvie da-o franseise e da-o spagnòllo in italian e da l’italian, da l’ingleise e da-o spagnòllo in zeneise. O l’é stæto apreuvo ascì a-e costioin de minoanse lenguistiche inte l’Italia e inte l’Euròpa, de lescicografia e de studi etimològichi. Pe chi mette zu sta nòtta chì, o l’é un dô de cheu stâ à scrive o necrològio do Fiorenso, apreuvo che se conosceivimo da unna vitta e in ciù o l’ea un di sostegnitoî ciù appascionæ da mæ mainea de intende a poexia in zeneise. Scin da-a fin di anni ’70, quande tutti doî parteçipavimo a-o concorso de poexia Lauro d’Oro, à quande o l’à fæto intrâ i mæ testi inta fondamentale antologia Letteratura genovese e ligure (Marietti, 1989-1991), à quande o l’à fondou e diretto a collaña de lettiatua A Parma pe-e ediçioin Le Mani, scin a-a gramatica stæta scrita à quattro moen Il genovese in tasca (Assimil, 2010), e a-e reçente conlaboaçioin a-a collaña E restan forme de l’editrixe Zona, e nòstre necce in ponto lenguistica e estetica en anæte avanti da mæxima. De fæto, inta poexia e inta preusa, o Toso o l’é stæto o primmo, di tempi moderni, à fâse fautô de unna lengua zeneise letteräia, inte unna çerta mainea aulica, ma adattâ ascì à tutti i deuvi da giornâ d’ancheu, con arrembâse à di fondi studi in sciô zeneise clascico e à di recovi lescicali da-i testi do passou, mascime d’etæ baròcca, coscì comme da-o zeneise periferico, ch’o ven parlou ancon oua. A seu battaggia pe-o reconoscimento de l’importansa, segge stòrico-soçiale, segge letteräia do zeneise, a gh’ea costâ, mascime a-o prinçipio da seu carrea academica, de diffidense e de incomprenscioin, ma a l’à ottegnuo un importante successo co-a mostra Il Genovese – Storia di una Lingua , che lê o l’aiva organizzou à l’Archivio de Stato do settembre 2017. Un evento ch’o l’à representou un traguardo za solo che da-o titolo, apreuvo che inte un contesto instituçionâ e con un gran resato se deuviava, pe trattâ do zeneise, a poula «lengua» e no «dialetto». Inte unna vitta stæta dedicâ areo à sta finalitæ preçisa, in ciù che a-a famiggia, atro ponto fermo da seu vitta, o Toso o l’à produto unna quantitæ de testi scientifichi e letteräi mai tanto stascia e accuâ da mette mäveggia, asquæxi ch’o savesse che o tempo ch’o gh’ea misso à dispoxiçion o no l’ea guæi, e paiva ch’o desse mente a-o conseggio de l’Anònimo, poæ medievâ da nòstra lettiatua, ch’o l’aiva misso comme epigrafe a-a seu Storia linguistica della Liguria (Recco-Zena, 1995): «Lavore, quando è saxon / l’omo, avanti che passe l’ora: / a compir un faito bon / non è mai da dar demora». (Rimma LXXVIII)

English translation:
# Fiorenzo Toso

Prof. Fiorenzo Toso, professor of general linguistics at the University of Sassari, but in Liguria known mainly for his innovative studies on Genoese, its lexicon, its literature and its presence overseas, passed away prematurely on September 24. He translated numerous works from French and Spanish into Italian and from Italian, English and Spanish into Genoese. He also worked on issues related to linguistic minorities in Italy and Europe, lexicography and etymological studies. It is particularly painful for the author of this note to write Fiorenzo’s obituary, both because we had known each other all our lives and because he was one of the staunchest supporters of my approach to poetry in Genoese. From the late 1970s, when we both participated in the Lauro d’Oro poetry contest, to when he included my works in his seminal anthology Letteratura genovese e ligure (Marietti, 1989-1991), to when he founded and directed the literature series A Parma for the publisher Le Mani, up to the grammar we coauthored, Il genovese in tasca (Assimil, 2010) and the recent collaborations for the book series E restan forme by the publisher Zona, our choices in linguistic and also aesthetic matters proceeded hand in hand. Both in poetry and prose, Toso was in fact the first, in modern times, to become an advocate of a literary form of the Genoese language – in a sense a dignified version, but also rooted in contemporary use, based on in-depth studies of classical Genoese and lexical salvage from the works of the past, especially from the Baroque period, as well as from the peripheral Genoese still spoken today. His battle for the recognition of both the socio-historical and literary importance of Genoese cost him, especially at the beginning of his academic career, mistrust and misunderstanding, but he achieved an important success with the exhibition Genoese: History of a language , which he organized at the State Archives in September 2017 – an event that represented an achievement already from its title alone, since the term “language” and not “dialect” was used with reference to Genoese in an institutional setting and with great prominence. In a life entirely dedicated to this precise purpose – in addition to his family, another staple in his life – Toso produced an astonishingly thick and accurate quantity of scientific and literary texts, as if he knew that the time allotted to him was not much, and he followed the advice that the Genoese Anonym – the medieval father of our literature – which Fiorenzo placed as the epigraph of his Linguistic History of Liguria (Recco-Genoa, 1995): “Lavore, quando è saxon / l’omo, avanti che passe l’ora: / a compir un faito bon / non è mai da dar demora” . (Verse LXXVIII)