ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-lij-eng huggingface dataset:
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Pe zonta, i mosulmoen ahmadi çelebran o Giorno do Mescia Promisso, o Giorno do Reformatô Promisso e o Giorno do Khilafat, ma a-a reversa de quello che se pensa nisciun de sti chì o l'é tegnuo pe unna festivitæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Ahmadi Muslims additionally celebrate Promised Messiah Day, Promised Reformer Day, and Khilafat Day, but contrary to popular belief, neither are regarded as holidays.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
E festivitæ çeltiche, nòrdiche e neopagañe van apreuvo à l'ordine da Reua de l'Anno.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Celtic, Norse, and Neopagan holidays follow the order of the Wheel of the Year.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
I reçercatoî in bioarcheologia combiñan l'insemme de competense de l'osteologia umaña, da paleopatologia e de l'archeologia e de sovente piggian in conscideraçion o contesto colturale e funeräio di resti.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Researchers in bioarchaeology combine the skill sets of human osteology, paleopathology, and archaeology, and often consider the cultural and mortuary context of the remains.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
A psciologia evoluçionistica a l'é o studio de struttue pscicològiche con una prospettiva evolutiva moderna.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Evolutionary psychology is the study of psychological structures from a modern evolutionary perspective.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
L'ecologia comportamentale umaña a l'é o studio di adattamenti comportamentali (çerchia de mangiâ, reproduçion, ontogenexi) da-o ponto de vista evolutivo e ecològico (ammia ecologia comportamentale).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Human behavioral ecology is the study of behavioral adaptations (foraging, reproduction, ontogeny) from the evolutionary and ecologic perspectives (see behavioral ecology).
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
A paleoantropologia a l'é o studio de testimonianse fòscile de l'evoluçion umaña, ch'o l'addeuvia pe-o ciù di resti d'ominidi estinti e d'atre speçie de primati pe stabilî i cangiamenti morfològichi e comportamentali da smersa umaña, ma ascì l'ambiente donde l'evoluçion umaña a l'é avvenuga.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Paleoanthropology is the study of fossil evidence for human evolution, mainly using remains from extinct hominin and other primate species to determine the morphological and behavioral changes in the human lineage, as well as the environment in which human evolution occurred.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
O nomme ascì o l'é relativamente neuvo, dòppo ëse stæto «antropologia fixica» pe un secolo e passa, termine ancon deuviou da çerti speçialisti.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The name is even relatively new, having been 'physical anthropology' for over a century, with some practitioners still applying that term.
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
Gh'é de quelli studioxi ch'an pòsto e origine do campo anche ciù in profonditæ che a sciensa formale (ammia ciù avanti).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Some editors, see below, have rooted the field even deeper than formal science.
Traduxi in ingleise:
Sto chì o l'é vegnuo o prinçipâ scistema che in sciâ seu base i studioxi se son appensæ in sciâ natua pe pöcassæ 2000 anni.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This became the main system through which scholars thought about nature for the next roughly 2,000 years.
Traduxi in ingleise:
O l'à dæto a mente ascì a-a fixognòmica, unn'idea vegnua da-i scriti do Corpus Hippocraticum.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
He also wrote about physiognomy, an idea derived from writings in the Hippocratic Corpus.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Into secolo XIX, i antropòloghi fixichi franseixi, guiddæ da-o Paul Broca (1824-1880), se son conçentræ in sciâ craniometria, incangio a tradiçion todesca, commandâ da-o Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) a l'à evidençiou l'influensa de l'ambiente e de moutie in sciô còrpo uman.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In the 19th century, French physical anthropologists, led by Paul Broca (1824-1880), focused on craniometry while the German tradition, led by Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), emphasized the influence of environment and disease upon the human body.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
O l'à levou l'attençion da-a tipologia de razza pe conçentrâse in sciô studio de l'evoluçion umaña, con abandonâ a clascificaçion pe mesciâse verso o proçesso evolutivo.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
He changed the focus from racial typology to concentrate upon the study of human evolution, moving away from classification towards evolutionary process.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Unna razza a l'é un gruppo d'umoen in sciâ base de qualitæ fixiche e soçiale scompartie in categorie pe commun tegnue pe destaccæ da-a soçietæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
A race is a grouping of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into categories generally viewed as distinct by society.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
A sciensa moderna a tëgne a razza pe unna construçion soçiale, unn'identitæ assegnâ in sciâ base de regole stabilie da-a soçietæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Modern science regards race as a social construct, an identity which is assigned based on rules made by society.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Ancon di atri afferman che, tra i umoen, a razza a no l'à nisciun scignificato tascionòmico perché tutti i umoen viventi appartëgnan a-a mæxima sottospeçie, Homo sapiens sapiens.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Still others argue that, among humans, race has no taxonomic significance because all living humans belong to the same subspecies, Homo sapiens sapiens.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
In Sudafrica, a lezze in sciâ registraçion da popolaçion do 1950 a reconosceiva solo gianchi, möi e de cô, incangio i indien son stæti azzonti ciù avanti.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In South Africa, the Population Registration Act, 1950 recognized only White, Black, and Coloured, with Indians added later.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
L'offiçio do çenscimento di Stati Unii o l'à proposto, e dapeu o l'à retiou, di cen pe azzonze unna neuva categoria pe clascificâ i pòpoli do Levante de Mezo e do Nòrd Africa into çenscimento di Stati Unii do 2020, apreuvo à unna discuscion o in sciô fæto che sta clascificaçion a dovesse ëse tegnua pe unn'etnia gianca ò unna razza à parte.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The United States Census Bureau proposed but then withdrew plans to add a new category to classify Middle Eastern and North African peoples in the U.S. Census 2020, over a dispute over whether this classification should be considered a white ethnicity or a separate race.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
À dita do genetista David Reich, «ben che a razza a peu ëse unna construçion soçiale, incangio e differense inta discendensa genetica che son accobiæ a tante de construçioin de razza d'ancheu son vëi».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
According to geneticist David Reich, "while race may be a social construct, differences in genetic ancestry that happen to correlate to many of today's racial constructs are real."
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Tra e atre dimenscioin di gruppi de razza l'é compreiso a stöia, e tradiçioin e a lengua scompartie.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Other dimensions of racial groupings include shared history, traditions, and language.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
I fattoî sòLioeconomichi, accobiæ à de opinioin antighe ma de longa duâ in sciâ razza, an caxonou un gran patî drento di gruppi de razza desvantaggiæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Socioeconomic factors, in combination with early but enduring views of race, have led to considerable suffering within disadvantaged racial groups.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
O razziximo o l'à caxonou tragedie infinie, tra e quæ a scciavitù e o genocidio.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Racism has led to many instances of tragedy, including slavery and genocide.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Dæto che inte çerte soçietæ i gruppi de razza spegian pægio pægio i modelli de stratificaçion soçiale, a razza a peu ëse unna variabile scignificativa pe-i sciensiæ soçiali che studian a desparitæ soçiale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Because in some societies racial groupings correspond closely with patterns of social stratification, for social scientists studying social inequality, race can be a significant variable.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
Do 2008, pe exempio, o John Hartigan Jr. o s'é misso in riga pe unna vixon da razza inçentrâ sorviatutto unna coltua, che però a no lascia perde a potençiale importansa da biologia ò da genetica.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
For example, in 2008, John Hartigan, Jr. argued for a view of race that focused primarily on culture, but which does not ignore the potential relevance of biology or genetics.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Coscì l'idea de razza comm'a l'é inteisa ancheu a l'é nasciua co-o proçesso stòrico d'esploraçion e conquista ch'o l'à misso i europëi in contatto con di gruppi de continenti despægi e l'ideologia de clascificaçion e tipologia presente inte sciense naturale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In this way the idea of race as we understand it today came about during the historical process of exploration and conquest which brought Europeans into contact with groups from different continents, and of the ideology of classification and typology found in the natural sciences.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
S'é affermou un insemme de convinçioin popolare che ligavan e differense fixiche ereditæ tra i gruppi à de qualitæ d'intelletto, comportamento e morale ereditæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
A set of folk beliefs took hold that linked inherited physical differences between groups to inherited intellectual, behavioral, and moral qualities.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
A clascificaçion do 1735 do Carlo Linneo, inventô da tascionomia zoològica, a spartiva a speçie umaña Homo sapiens inte varietæ continentale de europaeus, asiaticus, americanus e afer, ciascheduña inte l'ordine accobiâ à un umô differente: regaggio, ammagonou, rouso e paxe.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The 1735 classification of Carl Linnaeus, inventor of zoological taxonomy, divided the human species Homo sapiens into continental varieties of europaeus, asiaticus, americanus, and afer, each associated with a different humour: sanguine, melancholic, choleric, and phlegmatic, respectively.
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
O Blumenbach o l'à nottou ascì o passaggio de maniman a-o pai da un gruppo a-i gruppi attaccæ e o l'à propòsto che «unna varietæ da smersa umaña a passa mai tanto senscibilmente inte l'atra che no l'é poscibile definî i limiti tra de loiatre».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Blumenbach also noted the graded transition in appearances from one group to adjacent groups and suggested that "one variety of mankind does so sensibly pass into the other, that you cannot mark out the limits between them".
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
S'é affermou ancon che çerti gruppi porrieivan ëse l'exito de unna mescciua tra de popolaçion in passou destaccæ, ma che un studio fæto con cua o l'arriëscieiva à distingue e razze antighe che s'ean combinæ pe produe i gruppi mescci.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
It was further argued that some groups may be the result of mixture between formerly distinct populations, but that careful study could distinguish the ancestral races that had combined to produce admixed groups.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Da-i studdi in sciâ variaçion genetica umaña vëgne feua che e popolaçioin umañe no son isoæ da-o ponto de vista geografico e e seu differense genetiche son ben ben ciù pöche che quelle tra de sottospeçie someggiante.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Studies of human genetic variation show that human populations are not geographically isolated, and their genetic differences are far smaller than those among comparable subspecies.
Traduxi in ingleise:
O Andreasen o minsoña i diagrammi à erbo de distanse genetiche relative tra e popolaçioin pubricæ da-o Luigi Cavalli-Sforza comme base pe un erbo filogenetico de razze umañe (p. 661).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Andreasen cited tree diagrams of relative genetic distances among populations published by Luigi Cavalli-Sforza as the basis for a phylogenetic tree of human races (p. 661).
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
O Marks, o Templeton e o Cavalli-Sforsa arrivan tutti a-a concluxon che a genetica a no fornisce de preuve de razze umañe.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Marks, Templeton, and Cavalli-Sforza all conclude that genetics does not provide evidence of human races.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Pe de ciù o l'à sostegnuo che se peu deuviâ o termine razza se se distingue tra «differense de razza» e «conçetto de razza».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
He further argued that one could use the term race if one distinguished between "race differences" and "the race concept".
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
À dîla curta, o Livingstone e o Dobzhansky concòrdan in sciô fæto ch'existe de differense genetiche tra i umoen; ne convëgnan ascì che l'uso do conçetto de razza pe clascificâ e persoñe e a mainea comme ven deuviou o conçetto de razza a l'é unna costion de convençioin soçiale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In short, Livingstone and Dobzhansky agree that there are genetic differences among human beings; they also agree that the use of the race concept to classify people, and how the race concept is used, is a matter of social convention.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
Comme l'é stæto osservou da-i antropòlogi Leonard Liebermean e Fatimah Linda Jackson, «Di modelli discòrdi d'eterogeneitæ rendan fäsa quæ se segge descriçion de unna popolaçion comme s'à fïse genotipicamente ò sciña fenotipicamente omogenea».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
As the anthropologists Leonard Lieberman and Fatimah Linda Jackson observed, "Discordant patterns of heterogeneity falsify any description of a population as if it were genotypically or even phenotypically homogeneous".
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
L'antropòlogo da meitæ do secolo XX William C. Boyd o l'à definio a razza comme: «Unna popolaçion ch'a se differençia do bello da-e atre popolaçioin in relaçion a-a frequensa de un ò ciù geni ch'a gh'à».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The mid-20th-century anthropologist William C. Boyd defined race as: "A population which differs significantly from other populations in regard to the frequency of one or more of the genes it possesses.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
In azzonta, l'antropòlogo Stephen Molnar o l'à propòsto che a discordansa di clini a genera pe fòrsa unna moltiplicaçion de razze ch'a rende inutile o mæximo conçetto.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Moreover, the anthropologist Stephen Molnar has suggested that the discordance of clines inevitably results in a multiplication of races that renders the concept itself useless.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
A Joanna Mountain e o Neil Risch an segnalou che, ascì che un giorno se porrieiva mostrâ che i cluster genetichi correspondan à de variaçioin fenotipiche tra i gruppi, de ipòtexi pæge ean tempoie perché a relaçion tra geni e træti complesci a l'arresta pöco ciæa.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Joanna Mountain and Neil Risch cautioned that while genetic clusters may one day be shown to correspond to phenotypic variations between groups, such assumptions were premature as the relationship between genes and complex traits remains poorly understood.
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
Quæsesegge categoria a-a quæ se pensa a saià imperfetta, ma sto chì o no n'impedisce l'addeuviâla ò o fæto ch'a pòsse servî.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Any category you come up with is going to be imperfect, but that doesn't preclude you from using it or the fact that it has utility.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Questo o presopponeiva trei gruppi de popolaçion spartii da gren zöne geografiche (europëi, africhen e do Levante asiatico).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This assumed three population groups separated by large geographic ranges (European, African and East Asian).
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
Di antropòlogi comme o C. Loring Brace, i filòsofi Jonathan Kaplan e Rasmus Winther e o genetista Joseph Graves an affermou che se se peu attrovâ de seguo de variaçioin biològiche e genetiche che correspondan da-o ciù a-o meno a-i gruppi definii de nòrma «razze continentale», sto chì o l'é veo pe squæxi tutte e popolaçioin geograficamente distinte.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Anthropologists such as C. Loring Brace, the philosophers Jonathan Kaplan and Rasmus Winther, and the geneticist Joseph Graves, have argued that while there it is certainly possible to find biological and genetic variation that corresponds roughly to the groupings normally defined as "continental races", this is true for almost all geographically distinct populations.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
O Weiss e Fullerton an osservou che se se campionesse solo di islandeixi, maya e maori, se formieiva trei gruppi distinti e tutte e atre popolaçioin porrieivan ëse descrite comme clinalmente compòste da de mescciue de materiali genetichi maori, islandeixi e maya.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Weiss and Fullerton have noted that if one sampled only Icelanders, Mayans and Maoris, three distinct clusters would form and all other populations could be described as being clinally composed of admixtures of Maori, Icelandic and Mayan genetic materials.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Tra l'atro, i dæti genòmichi determinan se se veu vedde de suddivixoin (ò sæ splitter) ò unna continuitæ (ò sæ lumper).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Moreover, the genomic data underdetermines whether one wishes to see subdivisions (i.e., splitters) or a continuum (i.e., lumpers).
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
A-o de là di problemi empirichi e de conçetto co-a «razza», dòppo a segonda guæra do mondo i sciensiati evoluçionisti e soçiali aivan a ciæa consciensa da mainea che e convinçioin in sciâ razza fïsan stæte addeuviæ pe giustificâ a discriminaçion, l'apartheid, a scciavitù e o genoçidio.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Alongside empirical and conceptual problems with "race", following the Second World War, evolutionary and social scientists were acutely aware of how beliefs about race had been used to justify discrimination, apartheid, slavery, and genocide.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Do 2000 o Craig Venter e o Francis Collins do National Institute of Health an annonçiou insemme a mappatua do genöma uman.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Craig Venter and Francis Collins of the National Institute of Health jointly made the announcement of the mapping of the human genome in 2000.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
O no l'é scientifico.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
It's not a scientific one.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
L'antropòlogo Stephan Palmié o l'à sostegnuo che a razza «a no l'é atro che unna relaçion soçiale»; ò ascì, segondo e poule da Katya Gibel Mevorach, «unna metonomia», «unn'invençion umaña che i seu critëi de differençiaçion no son ni universali ni fisci ma son stæti delongo addeuviæ pe gestî a differensa».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Anthropologist Stephan Palmié has argued that race "is not a thing but a social relation"; or, in the words of Katya Gibel Mevorach, "a metonym", "a human invention whose criteria for differentiation are neither universal nor fixed but have always been used to manage difference."
Traduxi in ingleise:
L'identitæ de razza lì a no l'ea determinâ da unna regola reddena de discendensa, pe exempio a regola da stissa unica, comme avvegniva inti Stati Unii.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
There, racial identity was not governed by rigid descent rule, such as the one-drop rule, as it was in the United States.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc, 1984.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc, 1984.
Traduxi in ingleise:
Into contesto europeo, o reciòcco stòrico de «razza» o ne mette in luxe i problemi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In European context, historical resonance of "race" underscores its problematic nature.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
O conçetto d'origine de razza o se basa in sciâ noçion che i umoen peuan ëse spartii inte «razze» biologicamente distinte, unn'idea refuâ à reo da-a communitæ scientifica.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The concept of racial origin relies on the notion that human beings can be separated into biologically distinct "races", an idea generally rejected by the scientific community.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Inti Stati Unii e ciù tante persoñe che s'identifican comme afroamericañe an di antighi europëi, incangio tante persoñe che s'identifican comme europee americañe an di antighi africhen ò amerindi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In the United States most people who self-identify as African American have some European ancestors, while many people who identify as European American have some African or Amerindian ancestors.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
I critëi pe l'appartenensa à ste razze en cangiæ in sciâ fin do secolo XIX.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The criteria for membership in these races diverged in the late 19th century.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
I Amerindi van avanti à ëse definii in base à unna determinâ fraçion de «sangue indian» (ciammâ quantum de sangue).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Amerindians continue to be defined by a certain percentage of "Indian blood" (called blood quantum).
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Sta regola a voeiva dî che chi l'ea de razza mesccia ma con quarche ascendensa africaña ch'a se poesse reconosce o fïse definio möo.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This rule meant that those that were mixed race but with some discernible African ancestry were defined as black.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
O termine «ispanico» o l'é vegnuo feua comme etnònimo do secolo XX co-o montâ da migraçion di louanti da-i paixi de lengua spagnòlla de l'America Latiña verso i Stati Unii.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The term "Hispanic" as an ethnonym emerged in the 20th century with the rise of migration of laborers from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America to the United States.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Trei fattoî son stæti tegnui pe scignificativi pe-a differençiaçion de respòste: paise d'instruçion academica, discipliña e etæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Three factors, country of academic education, discipline, and age, were found to be significant in differentiating the replies.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Do 2007, a Ann Morning a l'à intervistou 40 e passa biòlogi e antropòlogi americhen e a l'à attrovou de discordanse scignificative in sciâ natua da razza, sensa che nisciun ponto de vista o prevaisse tra i doî gruppi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In 2007, Ann Morning interviewed over 40 American biologists and anthropologists and found significant disagreements over the nature of race, with no one viewpoint holding a majority among either group.