ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-lij-eng huggingface dataset:
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Con tutto, e prospettive filosòfiche, e congettue e i presoppòsti, de spesso lasciæ stâ, arrestan neçessäi inte sciense naturale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Still, philosophical perspectives, conjectures, and presuppositions, often overlooked, remain necessary in natural science.
Traduxi in ingleise:
A comprende a matematica, a teoria di scistemi e l'informatica teòrica.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
It includes mathematics, systems theory, and theoretical computer science.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Pe questo e sciense formale son de discipliñe a priori e pe sta raxon gh'é da discuscion in sciô fæto che forman de fæto unna sciensa.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The formal sciences are therefore a priori disciplines and because of this, there is disagreement on whether they actually constitute a science.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
L'inzegneria à seu vòtta a comprende unna gamma de campi ciù speçializzæ che l'inzegneria, ognidun con un açento ciù particolâ in sce di settoî particolæ da matematica applicâ, da sciensa e di tipi d'applicaçion.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Engineering itself encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied mathematics, science, and types of application.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
o l'à replicou: «Scignô, à cöse serve un figgeu da nascion?».
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
he responded: "Sir, what is the use of a new-born child?".
Traduxi in ingleise:
Sta neuva esplicaçion a ven deuviâ pe fâ de previxoin da poei rende fäse che peuan ëse verificæ pe mezo d'esperimenti ò de osservaçioin.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This new explanation is used to make falsifiable predictions that are testable by experiment or observation.
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
Questo o l'avvëgne in parte pe mezo de l'osservaçion de fenòmeni naturali, ma anche pe mezo da sperimentaçion, che çerca de scimolâ di eventi naturali in condiçioin controllæ de mainea adattâ a-a discipliña (inte sciense de l'osservaçion, comme l'astronomia ò a geologia, unn'osservaçion prevista a peu sostituî un esperimento controllou).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This is done partly through observation of natural phenomena, but also through experimentation that tries to simulate natural events under controlled conditions as appropriate to the discipline (in the observational sciences, such as astronomy or geology, a predicted observation might take the place of a controlled experiment).
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Se l'ipòtexi a passa a verifica, a peu ëse adottâ inta struttua de unna teoria scientifica, unna struttua ò un modelo autoconscistente e raxonou logicamente pe-a descriçion do comportamento de çerti fenòmeni naturali.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
If the hypothesis survived testing, it may become adopted into the framework of a scientific theory, a logically reasoned, self-consistent model or framework for describing the behavior of certain natural phenomena.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Inte sto ponto de vista, e teorie vëgnan formolæ in base a-i ciù tanti di mæximi prinçippi scientifichi de ipòtexi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In that vein, theories are formulated according to most of the same scientific principles as hypotheses.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
À sto propòxito se ghe peu arrivâ pe mezo de unna progettaçion sperimentale ben cuâ, trasparensa e un proçesso approfondio de revixon tra di pægi di exiti sperimentali e de concluxoin.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This can be achieved by careful experimental design, transparency, and a thorough peer review process of the experimental results as well as any conclusions.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
A statistica, unna branca da matematica, a vëgne addeuviâ pe elencâ torna e analizzâ i dæti, cösa ch'a permette a-i sciensiæ d'astimmâ l'affidabilitæ e a variabilitæ di exiti sperimentali.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Statistics, a branch of mathematics, is used to summarize and analyze data, which allow scientists to assess the reliability and variability of their experimental results.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
À sto critëio se contrapoñe l'antirealiximo, a vixon che a boña riëscia de sciensa a no depende da quante a l'é preçisa a-o confronto con de entitæ no osservabile comme i elettroin.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
It can be contrasted with anti-realism, the view that the success of science does not depend on it being accurate about unobservable entities such as electrons.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Existe ciù scheue de pensceo inta filosofia da sciensa.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
There are different schools of thought in the philosophy of science.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Questo o l'é neçessäio perché o numero de previxoin fæte da ste teorie o l'é infinito, ch'oi veu dî che no peuan ëse conosciue da-a quantitæ limitâ de preuve deuviando solo che a lògica deduttiva.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This is necessary because the number of predictions those theories make is infinite, which means that they cannot be known from the finite amount of evidence using deductive logic only.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
O raçionaliximo critico o l'é un critëio contrastante do secolo XX a-a sciensa, definio pe-a primma vòtta da-o filòsofo austro-britannico Karl Popper.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Critical rationalism is a contrasting 20th-century approach to science, first defined by Austrian-British philosopher Karl Popper.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
O Popper o proponeiva de sostituî a poscibilitæ de verificâ co-a poscibilitæ de fäscificâ comme base de teorie scientifiche e de sostituî l'induçion co-a fäscificaçion comme metodo empirico.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Popper proposed replacing verifiability with falsifiability as the landmark of scientific theories and replacing induction with falsification as the empirical method.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Un atro critëio, o strumentaliximo, o mette in luxe l'utilitæ de teorie comme di strumenti pe ascciæî e prevedde i fenòmeni.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Another approach, instrumentalism, emphasizes the utility of theories as instruments for explaining and predicting phenomena.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Someggiante a-o strumentaliximo o l'é l'empiriximo costruttivo, segondo o quæ o critëio prinçipâ pe-o bon exito de unna teoria scientifica o l'é se quello ch'a l'à afferma in scê entitæ osservabile o l'é veo.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Close to instrumentalism is constructive empiricism, according to which the main criterion for the success of a scientific theory is whether what it says about observable entities is true.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Ciaschedun paradigma o l'à e seu domande, finalitæ e interpretaçioin particolæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Each paradigm has its own distinct questions, aims, and interpretations.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
In atre poule, a çernia de un neuvo paradigma a l'é basa in scê osservaçioin, ascì che ste osservaçioin se fan into contesto do vegio paradigma.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
That is, the choice of a new paradigm is based on observations, even though those observations are made against the background of the old paradigm.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
O ponto prinçipâ o l'é che dev'ëse fæto unna differensa tra esplicaçioin naturale e sorvianaturale e che a sciensa e dev'ëse metodologicamente limitâ a-e esplicaçioin naturale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Its main point is that a difference between natural and supernatural explanations should be made and that science should be restricted methodologically to natural explanations.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Donca, nisciuña teoria a l'é mai tegnua pe segua in davei perché a sciensa a l'açetta o conçetto de poscibilitæ de fallî.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
That is, no theory is ever considered strictly certain as science accepts the concept of fallibilism.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Unna neuva conoscensa scientifica de ræo a genera di cangiamenti importanti inta nòstra comprenscion.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
New scientific knowledge rarely results in vast changes in our understanding.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
A conoscensa inta sciensa a s'ottëgne con unna scintexi passo à passo de informaçioin che ne vëgnan da di esperimenti differenti fæti da ciù reçercatoî inte ciù branche da sciensa; a s'assomeggia ciù à unn'arrampinâ che à un sato.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Knowledge in science is gained by a gradual synthesis of information from different experiments by various researchers across different branches of science; it is more like a climb than a leap.
Traduxi in ingleise:
O filòsofo Barry Stroud o l'azzonze che, scibene che a definiçion megio de «conoscensa» a l'é contestâ, l'ëse scettichi e piggiâ in conscideraçion a poscibilitæ d'inarâse a peu anâ da pao con l'aveighe raxon.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Philosopher Barry Stroud adds that, although the best definition for "knowledge" is contested, being skeptical and entertaining the possibility that one is incorrect is compatible with being correct.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Sto chì o vâ mascime inti campi ciù macroscòpichi da sciensa (pe exempio, pscicologia, cosmologia fixica).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This is especially the case in the more macroscopic fields of science (e.g. psychology, physical cosmology).
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Da alantô o numero totale de reviste attive o l'é montou de mainea costante.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Since that time the total number of active periodicals has steadily increased.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Sciben che e reviste seggian in 39 lengue, o 91% di articoli elencæ o l'é pubricou in ingreise.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Although the journals are in 39 languages, 91 percent of the indexed articles are published in English.
Traduxi in lengua ingleise:
E reviste scientifiche comme New Scientist, Science & Vie e Scientific American satisfan e exigense de un numero ben ben ciù largo de lettoî e òffran unna scintexi no tecnica di settoî de reçerca ciù studiæ, compreiso de importante descoverte e progresci inte çerti campi de reçerca.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Science magazines such as New Scientist, Science & Vie, and Scientific American cater to the needs of a much wider readership and provide a non-technical summary of popular areas of research, including notable discoveries and advances in certain fields of research.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Ciù tipi differenti de reclan commerciale, da-a propaganda montâ à l'imbròggio, peuan stâ drento à ste categorie.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Various types of commercial advertising, ranging from hype to fraud, may fall into these categories.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Tanti sciensiæ intraprendan un percorso inte di settoî differenti de l'economia comme o mondo academico, l'industria o governo e e organizzaçioin sensa finalitæ de guägno.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Many scientists pursue careers in various sectors of the economy such as academia, industry, government, and nonprofit organizations.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Pe exempio, a Christine Ladd (1847-1930) a l'à arriëscio à ëse ammissa à un dottorato de reçerca comme comme «C. Ladd»; Christine «Kitty» Ladd a l'à finio tutto o programma che ghe voeiva do 1882, ma ghe s'é consegnou offiçialmente a laurea solo do 1926, dòppo un percorso into quæ a l'à dæto a mente à algebra da lògica (ammia tabella de veitæ), vixon di coî e pscicologia.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
For example, Christine Ladd (1847–1930) was able to enter a Ph.D. program as "C. Ladd"; Christine "Kitty" Ladd completed the requirements in 1882, but was awarded her degree only in 1926, after a career which spanned the algebra of logic (see truth table), color vision, and psychology.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
L'inscriçion a peu ëse averta à tutti, a peu domandâ d'aveighe de referense scientifiche ò a peu ëse un onô conferio pe eleçion.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some scientific credentials, or may be an honor conferred by election.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
A politica da sciensa a dà a mente donca a-o domino intrego di problemi ch'an da fâ co-e sciense naturale.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Science policy thus deals with the entire domain of issues that involve the natural sciences.
Traduxi in ingleise:
Di exempi stòrichi importanti comprendan a Gran Miagia Cineise, finia into gio de doe miggiæa d'anni graçie à l'arrembo statale de ciù dinastie differente, e o Gran canâ do sciumme Yangtze, un grandiscimo travaggio d'inzegneria idraulica comensou da-oSunshu Ao (孫叔敖 sec. VII).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Prominent historical examples include the Great Wall of China, completed over the course of two millennia through the state support of several dynasties, and the Grand Canal of the Yangtze River, an immense feat of hydraulic engineering begun by Sunshu Ao (孫叔敖 7th cent.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Sti proçesci chì, gestii da-o governo, de soçietæ ò de fondaçioin, mettan di fondi ræi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Such processes, which are run by government, corporations, or foundations, allocate scarce funds.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
A proporçion di finançiamenti governativi inte çerti settoî a l'é ciù erta e a dòmina a reçerca inte sciense soçiale e umanistiche.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The government funding proportion in certain industries is higher, and it dominates research in social science and humanities.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Tanti fattoî peuan formâ de parte da politiçizzaçion da sciensa comme l'anti-intellettualiximo popolista, e menasse perçepie a-e convinçioin religiose, o soggettiviximo pòstomoderno e a poia pe-i interesci commerciali.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Many factors can act as facets of the politicization of science such as populist anti-intellectualism, perceived threats to religious beliefs, postmodernist subjectivism, and fear for business interests.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Un esperimento o l'é unna proçedua fæta pe sostegnî ò contradî unn'ipòtexi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis.
Quæ a l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
I esperimenti peuan fâ cresce i pontezzi di exammi e aggiuttâ un studente à ëse ciù tiou drento e interessou a-a matëia ch'o l'imprende, sorviatutto se addeuviæ co-o tempo.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Experiments can raise test scores and help a student become more engaged and interested in the material they are learning, especially when used over time.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
I esperimenti de nòrma comprendan i contròlli, ch'en progettæ pe redue a-o minimo i effetti de variabile despæge da-a variabile sencia independente.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Experiments typically include controls, which are designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the single independent variable.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
I reçercatoî addeuvian a sperimentaçion anche pe verificâ de teorie ch'existan ò de neuve ipòtexi con l'intençion de sostegnîle ò contradîle.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Researchers also use experimentation to test existing theories or new hypotheses to support or disprove them.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Se un esperimento o ven portou avanti con cua, i exiti pe commun sostëgnan ò contradixan l'ipòtexi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
If an experiment is carefully conducted, the results usually either support or disprove the hypothesis.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
In mëxiña e sciense soçiale, o prevai da reçerca sperimentale o cangia do bello tra e discipliñe.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In medicine and the social sciences, the prevalence of experimental research varies widely across disciplines.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Un studio da solo pe commun o no prevedde de repliche de l'esperimento, ma di studdi à parte peuan ëse missi insemme pe mezo da revixon scistematica e a meta-analixi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
A single study typically does not involve replications of the experiment, but separate studies may be aggregated through systematic review and meta-analysis.
Traduxi in ingleise:
De sta mainea poemmo avvexinâse in sciâ fin a-a veitæ ch'a resciöa o cheu e cian cianin e con attençion arrivâ a-a fin donde a seguessa a comparisce, incangio co-a critica e con l'avvertensa poemmo cheugge a veitæ ch'a fa scentâ a discordansa e a destriga e costioin con di dubbi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
We may in this way eventually come to the truth that gratifies the heart and gradually and carefully reach the end at which certainty appears; while through criticism and caution we may seize the truth that dispels disagreement and resolves doubtful matters.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Inte sto proçesso de conscideraçion critica, l'òmmo mæximo o no deve ascordâse ch'o tende à de opinioin soggettivi, pe mezo de «pregiudiçi» e «condiscendensa» e donca o dev'ëse critico in sciâ seu mainea de creâ de ipòtexi.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In this process of critical consideration, the man himself should not forget that he tends to subjective opinions—through "prejudices" and "leniency"—and thus has to be critical about his own way of building hypotheses.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
O Bacon o voeiva un metodo ch'o se fondesse in sce de osservaçioin da poei fâ torna ò di esperimenti.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Bacon wanted a method that relied on repeatable observations, or experiments.
Comm’à l’é a traduçion ingleise de sto testo?
Pe exempio, o Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) o l'à mesuou con cua o tempo e o l'à sperimentou pe ottegnî de mesue e de concluxoin pe menuo in sciâ speditessa de un còrpo ch'o cazze.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
For example, Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) accurately measured time and experimented to make accurate measurements and conclusions about the speed of a falling body.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Inte çerte discipliñe (comme a pscicologia ò e sciense politich), un "veo esperimento" o l'é un metodo de reçerca soçiale donde gh'é doî tipi de variabile.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In some disciplines (e.g., psychology or political science), a 'true experiment' is a method of social research in which there are two kinds of variables.
Traduxi in ingleise:
Un exempio bon o peu ëse a sperimentaçion de unna mëxiña.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
A good example would be a drug trial.
Traduxi da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Pe-i exiti de campioin resegondæ de sovente se peu carcolâ unna media ò ascì se un di resengonæ o no l'é coerente de mainea ciæa co-i exiti di atri campioin o peu ëse scartou comme exito de un errô sperimentale (çerti passaggi da proçedua de verifica porrieivan ëse stæti tralasciæ pe errô pe quello campion).
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
The results from replicate samples can often be averaged, or if one of the replicates is obviously inconsistent with the results from the other samples, it can be discarded as being the result of an experimental error (some step of the test procedure may have been mistakenly omitted for that sample).
Traduxi in ingleise:
Un contròllo negativo o l'à a fonçion de produe un exito negativo.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
A negative control is known to give a negative result.
Traduxi da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Ben ben de spesso a varsciua do contròllo negativo a l'é trattâ comme varsciua de «sfondo» da levâ a-i exiti di campioin provæ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Most often the value of the negative control is treated as a "background" value to subtract from the test sample results.
Traduxi in ingleise:
A-i studenti se ghe peu assegnâ un campion de fluido ch'o contëgne unna quantitæ no conosciua (pe-o studente) de proteiña.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Students might be given a fluid sample containing an unknown (to the student) amount of protein.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
I studenti peuan realizzâ ciù campioin de contròllo poxitivo che contëgnan de diluiçioin differente do standard da proteiña.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Students could make several positive control samples containing various dilutions of the protein standard.
Ti peu tradue sto testo in ingleise?
Inte sto caxo, l'esperimento o comensa con creâ doî ò ciù gruppi de campioin che pe probabilitæ van o mæximo, ch'o veu dî che e mesue de caratteristiche devan assomeggiâse tra i gruppi e che i gruppi devan responde o mæximo se missi sotta o mæximo trattamento.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
In this case, the experiment begins by creating two or more sample groups that are probabilistically equivalent, which means that measurements of traits should be similar among the groups and that the groups should respond in the same manner if given the same treatment.
Traduxi sto testo da-o ligure à l’ingleise:
Dòppo formou di gruppi che van o mæximo, o sperimentatô o çerca de trattâli de mainea identica levou l'unica variabile ch'o veu isoâ.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Once equivalent groups have been formed, the experimenter tries to treat them identically except for the one variable that he or she wishes to isolate.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
De sta mainea se garantisce che i poscibili effetti in sciô volontäio seggian dovui a-o trattamento mæximo e no seggian unna respòsta a-o savei d'ëse sottopòsto à un trattamento.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
This ensures that any effects on the volunteer are due to the treatment itself and are not a response to the knowledge that he is being treated.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Ste ipòtexi conseggian e raxoin pe ascciæî un fenòmeno ò prevedde i exiti de unn'açion.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
These hypotheses suggest reasons to explain a phenomenon, or predict the results of an action.
Traduxi sto testo in ingleise:
Pe quello che se peu, çercan d'arrecheugge i dæti pe-o scistema de mainea che se pòsse determinâ o contributo de tutte e variabile e che i effetti da variaçion de çerte variabile arrestan pöcassæ costanti coscì che se pòsse distingue i effetti da-e atre variabile.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
To the degree possible, they attempt to collect data for the system in such a way that contribution from all variables can be determined, and where the effects of variation in certain variables remain approximately constant so that the effects of other variables can be discerned.
Traduxi sto testo da-o zeneise à l’ingleise:
Pe sòlito, però, existe unna relaçion tra queste variabile, ch'a reduxe l'affidabilitæ d'esperimenti naturali in relaçion a-e concluxoin che se porrieiva toccâ se se fesse un esperimento controllou.
A traduçion in ingleise do testo a l’é:
Usually, however, there is some correlation between these variables, which reduces the reliability of natural experiments relative to what could be concluded if a controlled experiment were performed.