ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In 1701, Edmond Halley used such lines (isogons) on a chart of magnetic variation.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1701 Edmond Halley o l’à deuviou ste linie (isògone) in sce unna carta in sciâ variaçion magnetica.
Translate to Genoese:
In 1791, a map of France by J. L. Dupain-Triel used contour lines at 20-metre intervals, hachures, spot-heights and a vertical section.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1791 unna carta da Fransa de J. L. Dupain-Triel a deuviava de linie de livello pe di intervalli de 20 metri, con di ombrezzi, l’indicaçion de l’ertessa pe-i ponti marcæ in sciâ carta e unna seçion verticâ.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Isobaths were not routinely used on nautical charts until those of Russia from 1834, and those of Britain from 1838.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe commun e isòbate no ean deuviæ in scê carte de navegaçion fin à quelle rusce, à partî da-o 1834, e quelle britanniche, da-o 1838.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
As late as 1944, John K. Wright still preferred isogram, but it never attained wide usage.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ancon do 1944 à John K. Wrigh gh’ea ciù cao deuviâ i isogrammi, ma questi no an mai razzonto unna diffuxon importante.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Despite attempts to select a single standard, all of these alternatives have survived to the present.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sciben che s’é çercou d’attrovâ un standard commun, tutte ste alternative en arrivæ fin a-i nòstri giorni.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Weather stations are seldom exactly positioned at a contour line (when they are, this indicates a measurement precisely equal to the value of the contour).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E staçioin meteorològiche en poxiçionæ de ræo in sce unna linia de livello esatta (e quand’a l’é coscì, a mesuaçion a l’é do tutto pægia a-o valô de quella linia).
Translate from English to Ligurian:
In meteorology, the barometric pressures shown are reduced to sea level, not the surface pressures at the map locations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inta metereologia, a prescion barometrica ch’a vëgne mostrâ a se redue a-o livello do mâ, no a-a prescion de superfiçie in scê localitæ da carta.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Isallobars are lines joining points of equal pressure change during a specific time interval.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E isallobare en de linie ch’azzonzan di ponti co-o mæximo cangio de prescion drento de un intervallo de tempo determinou.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Isallobaric gradients are important components of the wind as they increase or decrease the geostrophic wind.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I gradienti de isollobare en componente importante do vendo, da-o momento che accrescian ò fan decresce o vento geostròfico.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
An isotherm at 0 °C is called the freezing level.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unn’isoterma a-a temperatua de 0° a vëgne dita livello de zeo.
Translate to Ligurian:
From these contours, a sense of the general terrain can be determined.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe mezo de ste linie se peu determinâ a fattua de un terren commun.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In cartography, the contour interval is the elevation difference between adjacent contour lines.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In cartografia, l’intervallo de livello a l’é a differensa d’ertessa fra de linie de livello che s’attreuvan uña arente à l’atra.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Two or more contour lines merging indicates a cliff.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Doe (ò ciù de doe) linie de livello che s’azzonzan fra de liatre indican unna liggia.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Usually contour intervals are consistent throughout a map, but there are exceptions.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe-o sòlito i intervalli fra e linie an un valô coerente in sce unna mæxima carta, ma gh’é de ecceçioin.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Whether crossing an equipotential line represents ascending or descending the potential is inferred from the labels on the charges.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Se quande s’attraversa unna linia se monta ò se chiña se gh’inferisce da-e etichette che s’attreuva in scê carreghe.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Acid precipitation is indicated on maps with isoplats.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E ægue açide son indicæ in scê carte pe mezo de isoplate.
Translate to Ligurian:
Contour lines are also used to display non-geographic information in economics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E linie de livello en deuviæ ascì in economia pe representâ de informaçioin che no son de carattere geografico.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Such isolines are useful for representing more than two dimensions (or quantities) on two-dimensional graphs.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Isolinie comme queste servan pe representâ di grafichi à doe dimenscioin ò à ciù dimenscioin (ò quantitæ).
Translate to Genoese:
In interpreting radar images, an isodop is a line of equal Doppler velocity, and an isoecho is a line of equal radar reflectivity.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quande beseugna interpretâ e figue di radar, unn’isòdopa a l’é unna linea da mæxima lestixe in sciâ scâ Dopller, e unn’isoeco a l’é unna linea da mæxima reflectivitæ radar.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Line color is the choice of any number of pigments that suit the display.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O cô de linie o vëgne çernuo in sciâ base da quantitæ de pigmenti che peuan ëse visualizzæ in sciô schermo.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Line type refers to whether the basic contour line is solid, dashed, dotted or broken in some other pattern to create the desired effect.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O tipo de linia o fa referensa a-o fæto che a linia mæxima a segge representâ continua, doggia, pontettâ, à tocchetti separæ ò con de atre caratteristiche co-a finalitæ d’ottegnî l’effetto che se veu.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
If the contour lines are not numerically labeled and adjacent lines have the same style (with the same weight, color and type), then the direction of the gradient cannot be determined from the contour lines alone.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into caxo che e linie de livello n’aggian de valoî numeichi e quelle che ghe stan da-a arente aggian o mæximo stile (mæximo peiso, cô ò qualitæ), a direçion do gradiente a no peu ëse determinâ solo che da-e linie de livello.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
A properly labeled contour map helps the reader to quickly interpret the shape of the terrain.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna mappa isometrica ben marcâ a l’aggiutta o lettô à interpetâ a-a spedia a forma do terren.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Then the coordinates of other places are measured from the nearest control point through surveying.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Dapeu e coordinæ d’atri pòsti en mesuæ da-o ponto de contròllo ciù vexin pe mezo da relevaçion.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
This phenomenon is called datum shift.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto fenòmeno o piggia o nomme de passaggio de datum.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
More ambitious undertakings such as the Struve Geodetic Arc across Eastern Europe (1816-1855) and the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India (1802-1871) took much longer, but resulted in more accurate estimations of the shape of the Earth ellipsoid.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe de impreise assæ ciù ambiçiose, comme l’Erco geodetico de Struve atraverso l’Euröpa de l’est (1816-1855) ò o Grande carcolo trigonometrico de l’India (1802-1871) gh’é vosciuo ben ben ciù do tempo, ma an portou à de stimme ciù accuræ in sciâ forma de l’ellissòide terrestre.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
An approximate definition of sea level is the datum WGS 84, an ellipsoid, whereas a more accurate definition is Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008), using at least 2,159 spherical harmonics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna definiçion approscimativa de «livello do mâ» a l’é fornia da-o datum WGS 84, ch’o l’é un ellipsòide, mentre unna definiçion ciù accurâ a l’é dæta da-o Modello Gravitaçionâ da Tæra 2008 (EGM2008), ch’o dispoñe a-o manco de 2159 d’armòniche sferiche.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
When used without qualification, the term latitude refers to geodetic latitude.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quand’o l’é deuviou sens’atre determinaçioin, o termine latitudine o fa referensa a-a latitudine geodetica.
Translate from English to Genoese:
For example, in Sydney there is a 200 metres (700 feet) difference between GPS coordinates configured in GDA (based on global standard WGS 84) and AGD (used for most local maps), which is an unacceptably large error for some applications, such as surveying or site location for scuba diving.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe fâ un exempio, à Sydney gh’é unna differensa de 200 metri (700 pê) tra e coordinæ GPS configuræ in sciâ GDA (basæ in sciô standard WGS 84, ch’o vâ pe tutto o mondo) e quelle in sce l’AGD (deuviæ pe-a ciù parte de mappe realizzæ inte un paise ò inte unna region determinæ); pe çerte applicaçioin, comme pe-o carcolo ò pe-a localizzaçion de ponti quande se prattica l’immerscion, questo o l’é un errô mai tanto grande da no poei vegnî açettou.
Translate to Ligurian:
Since reference datums can have different radii and different center points, a specific point on Earth can have substantially different coordinates depending on the datum used to make the measurement.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Dæti che i dati de referensa peuan avei di raggi e di çentri despægi, un ponto determinou da Tæra o peu avei de coordinæ sostansialmente differente à segonda do datum stæto deuviou pe-a mesuaçion.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
The most common reference Datums in use in North America are NAD27, NAD83, and WGS 84.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I dati de referensa ciù commun deuviæ inte l’America do Nòrd son o NAD27, o NaD83 e WGS 84.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
This datum, designated as NAD 83 ...is based on the adjustment of 250,000 points including 600 satellite Doppler stations which constrain the system to a geocentric origin."
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto datum, designou NAD 83... o l’é basou in sce unna regolaçion de 250000 ponti, incluso 600 staçioin de satelliti Dopller ch’o liga o scistema à unn’origine geoçentrica.
Translate from English to Genoese:
It is the reference frame used by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and is defined by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) (formerly the Defense Mapping Agency, then the National Imagery and Mapping Agency).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l’é o parametro de referensa deuviou da-o departamento de Defeisa di SUA (DoD) e o l’é definio da-a National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) (ciammâ into passou Defense Mapping Agency, devegnua dapeu National Imagery and Mapping Agency).
Translate to Ligurian:
It was used as the reference frame for broadcast GPS Ephemerides (orbits) beginning January 23, 1987.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l’é stæto deuviou comme parametro de referensa pe-a trasmiscion GPS Ephemerides (òrbite) da-i 23 de zenâ do 1987.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
It became the reference frame for broadcast orbits on June 28, 1994.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l’é vegnuo o parametro de referensa pe-a trasmiscioin de òrbite a-i 28 de zugno do 1994.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
WGS 84 (G873) was adopted as the reference frame for broadcast orbits on January 29, 1997.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
WGS 84 (G873) o l’é stæto adottou comme parametro de referensa pe-a trasmiscion de òrbite a-i 29 de zenâ do 1997.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
WGS 84 is the default standard datum for coordinates stored in recreational and commercial GPS units.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
WGS 84 o l’é o datum standard automatico pe-e coordinæ che s’attreuva inte unitæ GPS commercializzæ e à uso recreativo.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Most mapping, such as within a single country, does not span plates.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A ciù parte de mappe, comme quelle che fan referensa à un paise solo, no mesuan e placche.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacobus Angelus around 1407.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A cartografia matematica in Euröpa a l’à repiggiou vitta co-a recuperaçion, da parte de Mascimo Planudo pöco avanti do 1300, de un testo de Platon, che dapeu o l’é stæto traduto in latin, à Firense, do 1407 da Giacomo Angelo.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
They then choose the most appropriate mapping of the spherical coordinate system onto that ellipsoid, called a terrestrial reference system or geodetic datum.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Dapeu çernan o scistema de mappaçion ciù appropiou do scistema de coordinæ sferiche in sce un ellissòide, ciammou scistema de referensa terrestre ò datum geodetico.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
φ, or phi) of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to) the center of the Earth.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
φ, ò phi) de un ponto in sciâ superfiçie da Tæra o l’é l’angolo tra o cian de l’equatô e a linia retta ch’a passa pe quello ponto e à traverso do çentro da Tæra (ò vexin à lê).
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles), which converge at the North and South Poles.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tutti i meridien an meze grendi ellisse (de spesso ciammæ çerci mascimi) che converzan a-o pölo nòrd e sud.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with the International Date Line, which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O meridian antipodale de Greenwich o l’é tanto 180°W che 180°E. No beseugna confondilo co-a linia da dæta internaçionale, ch’a l’é despægia inte varri ponti pe de raxoin politiche e de conveniensa; tra de questi s’attreuva l’estremo est da Ruscia e l’estremo òvest de isoe Auleutiñe.
Translate to Ligurian:
Coordinates on a map are usually in terms northing N and easting E offsets relative to a specified origin.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E coordinæ in sce unna mappa pe-o sòlito en speçificæ in termini de offset northing N e easting E respetto à unn’origine za stæta speçificâ.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In geografia, a latitudine a l’é unna coordinâ geografica ch’a determina a poxiçion nòrd-sud de un ponto in sciâ superfiçie da Tæra.
Translate to Genoese:
Latitude is used together with longitude to specify the precise location of features on the surface of the Earth.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A latitudine a l’é deuvia insemme a-a longitudine pe determinâ a poxiçion esatta de elementi in sciâ superfiçie da Tæra.
Translate to Ligurian:
The second step is to approximate the geoid by a mathematically simpler reference surface.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O segondo passo o l’é quello d’approscimâ o geòide à unna superfiçie de referensa ciù sencia da-o ponto de vista matematico.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Lines of constant latitude and longitude together constitute a graticule on the reference surface.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Linie da-a latitudine e longitudine constante forman insemme unna grixella in sciâ superfiçie de referensa.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Since there are many different reference ellipsoids, the precise latitude of a feature on the surface is not unique: this is stressed in the ISO standard which states that "without the full specification of the coordinate reference system, coordinates (that is latitude and longitude) are ambiguous at best and meaningless at worst".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Da-o momento che gh’é tanti ellissòidi de referensa, a latitudine esatta de un ponto in sce unna superfiçie a no l’é univoca. L’é quello che sottolinia o standard ISO, ch’o l’affema che «sensa a piña speçificaçion do scistema de referensa de coordinæ, e coordinæ mæxime (saieiva à dî latitudine e longitudine) son ambigue into megio di caxi, e sensa scignificato into pezo».
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
The plane through the centre of the Earth and perpendicular to the rotation axis intersects the surface at a great circle called the Equator.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O cian ch’o passa pe-o çentro da Tæra e perpendicolare à l’asse de rotaçion o l’interseca a superfiçie inte un çercio mascimo ciammou equatô.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
The time variation is discussed more fully in the article on axial tilt.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In sciâ variaçion temporale vëgne dæto unna trattaçion ciù approfondia inte l’articolo in sciâ pendensa assiale.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
The situation is reversed at the June solstice, when the Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A scituaçion conträia a se verifica a-o solstiçio de zugno, quande o sô o l’é à ciongio in sciô tròpico do Cancro.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Geographic latitude must be used with care.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A latitudine geografica a dev’ëse deuviâ con attençion.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
The evaluation of the meridian distance integral is central to many studies in geodesy and map projection.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O carcolo da distansa integrâ do meridian o l’é primmäio inte tanti studdi de geodexia o da proieçion de carte.
Translate from English to Genoese:
There are two methods of proceeding.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Gh’é doe mainee de fâlo.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
When converting from isometric or conformal to geodetic, two iterations of Newton-Raphson gives double precision accuracy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quande se converte da-e linie isometriche ò conformale à quelle geodetiche, doe iteraçioin de Newton-Raphson dan unn’accuratessa de preçixon doe vòtte ciù grande.
Translate from English to Genoese:
The differences shown on the plot are in arc minutes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E differense mostræ into grafico en de un minuto de arco.
Translate from English to Genoese:
The transformation between geodetic and Cartesian coordinates may be found in Geographic coordinate conversion.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A trasformaçion tra e coordinæ geodetiche e quelle cartexañe se peuan attrovâ inta Converscion de coordinæ geografiche.
Translate to Ligurian:
In general the true vertical at a point on the surface does not exactly coincide with either the normal to the reference ellipsoid or the normal to the geoid.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Comme regola generale, o cian verticale veo de un ponto in sciâ superfiçie o no combaxa esattamente con quello normale de l’ellipsòide de referensa ò quello do geòide.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Longitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the Earth's surface, or the surface of a celestial body.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A longitudine a l’é a coordinâ geografica ch’a speçifica a poxiçion est-òvest de un ponto in sciâ superfiçie da Tæra ò in sciâ superfiçie de un còrpo çeleste.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
The prime meridian, which passes near the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England, is defined as 0° longitude by convention.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O meridian primmo, ch’o passa da-a vexin a-o Royal Observatory, à Greenwich (Inghiltæra), o l’é definio pe convençion comme a longitudine 0°.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Local time (for example from the position of the sun) varies with longitude, a difference of 15° longitude corresponding to a one-hour difference in local time.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’oa do pòsto (pe exempio in sciâ base da poxiçion do sô) a cangia à segonda da longitudine; unna differensa de longitudine de 15° a corresponde à unn’oa de differensa.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The principle is straightforward, but in practice finding a reliable method of determining longitude took centuries and required the effort of some of the greatest scientific minds.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O prinçipio o l’é sencio, ma inta prattica gh’é vosciuo de çentanæa d’anni pe attrovâ un metodo esatto pe-a determinaçion da longitudine e o l’à domandou o sfòrso de çerte tra e mente di ciù gren sciençiæ.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
His prime meridian passed through Alexandria.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O seu meridian primmo o passava pe Lusciandria d’Egitto.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In 1910, the Journal published an article by Ulysses G. Weatherly (1865-1940) that called for white supremacy and segregation of the races to protect racial purity.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1910, o Journal o l'à pubricou un articolo do G. Weatherly (1865-1940) ch'o tiava feua o predominio gianco e a segregaçion de razze pe avvardâ a puritæ da razza.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
In his work, he contended that social class, colonialism, and capitalism shaped ideas about race and racial categories.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into seu travaggio o diva che a classe soçiale, o colonialiximo e o capitaliximo an modello e idee in sciâ razza e in scê categorie da razza.
Translate to Ligurian:
By 1978, William Julius Wilson (1935–) argued that race and racial classification systems were declining in significance, and that instead, social class more accurately described what sociologists had earlier understood as race.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1978, o William Julius Wilson (1935–) o l'à affermou che a razza e i scistemi de clascificaçion da razza ean apreuvo à perde de senso e che, ciufito, a l'ea a classe soçiale à descrive ciù into menuo quello che i soçiòlogi aivan inteiso avanti comme razza.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Sociology professor at Duke University, remarks, "I contend that racism is, more than anything else, a matter of group power; it is about a dominant racial group (whites) striving to maintain its systemic advantages and minorities fighting to subvert the racial status quo.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, professô de soçiologia a-a Duke University, o l'afferma: «Sostëgno che o razziximo o segge, ciù che tutto, unna costion d'influensa de gruppo; se parla de un gruppo de razza dominante (gianchi) ch'o lòtta pe mantegnî i seu avvantaggi de scistema e de minoranse che lòttan pe inversâ o status quo de razza.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
In clinical settings, race has sometimes been considered in the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte di contesti clinichi, a razza de vòtte a l'é stæta piggiâ in conscideraçion inta diagnoxi e cua de condiçioin mediche.