ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
Translate to Genoese:
The European Union's effectiveness was handicapped by the immaturity of its common economic and political institutions, somewhat comparable to the inadequacy of United States institutions under the Articles of Confederation prior to the adoption of the Constitution of the United States that came into force in 1789.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A fòrsa de l'Union Europea a l'é stæta reduta da-a mancansa de maturitæ de seu instituçioin econòmiche e politiche, pægia pöcassæ a-e mancanse de instituçioin di Stati Unii co-i Articles of Confederation primma de l'adoçion da Constituçion di Stati Unii ch'a l'é arrivâ do 1789.
Translate to Ligurian:
Worldwide competition for natural resources has risen due to growing populations and industrialization, especially in India, China, and Brazil.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A competiçion pe tutto o mondo pe-e resorse de natua a l'é cresciua apreuvo à l'aumento de popolaçioin e de l'industrializzaçion, mascime in India, Ciña e Braxî.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
An archive is an accumulation of historical records – in any media – or the physical facility in which they are located.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un archivio o l'é unn'accuggeita de documenti stòrichi – in chesesegge formato – ò o casamento fixico donde a l'é collocâ.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
They have been metaphorically defined as "the secretions of an organism", and are distinguished from documents that have been consciously written or created to communicate a particular message to posterity.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Metaforicamente en stæti definii comme «e secreçioin de un organismo» e se distinguan da-i documenti che en stæti scriti con intençion ò creæ pe communicâ un messaggio particolare a-a posteritæ.
Translate to Genoese:
This means that archives are quite distinct from libraries with regard to their functions and organization, although archival collections can often be found within library buildings.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Questo o veu dî che i archivi en ben differenti da-e biblioteche pe-e seu fonçioin e pe-a seu organizzaçion, sciben che e colleçioin d'archivio se peuan trovâ de spesso inte i casamenti de biblioteche.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Archaeologists have discovered archives of hundreds (and sometime thousands) of clay tablets going back to the third and second millennia BC in sites like Ebla, Mari, Amarna, Hattusas, Ugarit, and Pylos.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I archeòloghi an descoverto di archivi de çentenæa (e de vòtte miggiæa) de töe de tæra rossa fin do segondo millennio a.C. inte di pòsti comme Ebla, Mari, Amarna, Hattusas, Ugarit, e Pylos.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
However, they have been lost, since documents written on materials like papyrus and paper deteriorated at a faster pace, unlike their stone tablet counterparts.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Però, en stæti persi, dæto che i documenti scriti inte di materiali comme o papiro ò o papê se dannezzan ciù a-a spedia, à unna mainea differente da i seu correspondenti de pria.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
England after 1066 developed archives and archival research methods.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'Inghiltæra dòppo o 1066 a l'à sviluppou di archivi e di metodi de reçerca di archivi.
Translate to Ligurian:
While there are many kinds of archives, the most recent census of archivists in the United States identifies five major types: academic, business (for profit), government, non-profit, and other.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sciben che gh'é tante qualitæ de archivi, o çensimento ciù reçente di archivisti inti Stati Unii o l'à identificou çinque qualitæ prinçipale: academichi, de affari (pe guägno), do governo, sensa guägno, e atri.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Access to the collections in these archives is usually by prior appointment only; some have posted hours for making inquiries.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'accesso a-e colleçioin de sti archivi a l'é poscibile pe-o sòlito solo con appuntamento; çerti an di oräi stabilii pe fâ de domande.
Translate to Ligurian:
Examples of prominent business archives in the United States include Coca-Cola (which also owns the separate museum World of Coca-Cola), Procter and Gamble, Motorola Heritage Services and Archives, and Levi Strauss & Co. These corporate archives maintain historic documents and items related to the history and administration of their companies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di exempi di archivi de affari importanti inti Stati Unii en Coca-Cola (ch'a possede ascì o museo World of Coca-Cola), Procter and Gamble, Motorola Heritage Services and Archives, e Levi Strauss & Co. Sti archivi de dite mantëgnan di documenti stòrichi e di oggetti ligæ a-a stöia e a-a gestion de seu dite.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Workers in these types of archives may have any combination of training and degrees, from either a history or library background.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I louanti inte ste qualitæ de archivi peuan avei chesesegge combinaçion de formaçion e de diplömi, tanto inta stöia comme inte biblioteche.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In the United States, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) maintains central archival facilities in the District of Columbia and College Park, Maryland, with regional facilities distributed throughout the United States.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inti Stati Unii, a National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) a mantëgne i servixi de archivio çentrale do District of Columbia e College Park, in Maryland, con de struttue regionale distribuie pe tutti i Stati Unii.
Translate to Genoese:
Put together, the total volume of archives under the supervision of the French Archives Administration is the largest in the world.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Missi insemme, o volumme complescivo di archivi sotta a supervixon de l'amministraçion di archivi franseixi o l'é o ciù grande do mondo.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Archdioceses, dioceses, and parishes also have archives in the Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E arcidiòçexi, diòçexi e paròchie an ascì di archivi inta Gexa catòlica de Romma e a Gexa anglicaña.
Translate to Ligurian:
Often these institutions rely on grant funding from the government as well as the private funds.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
De spesso ste instituçioin en finançiæ da de contribuçioin pubriche do governo e ascì da di fondi privæ.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Many museums keep archives in order to prove the provenance of their pieces.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanti musëi an di archivi pe poei demostrâ a proveniensa di seu oggetti.
Translate to Genoese:
This was a separate figure from the 1.3% that identified themselves as self-employed.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Questo o l'ea un numero differente da-o 1,3% ch'o s'identificava comme louante autònomo.
Translate to Genoese:
The archive's mission is to gather stories from women who want to express themselves, and want their stories heard.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A miscion de l'archivio a l'é de arrecheugge stöie da dònne che veuan esprimmise, e che veuan che e seu stöie seggian sentie.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
The archives of an organization (such as a corporation or government) tend to contain other types of records, such as administrative files, business records, memos, official correspondence, and meeting minutes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I archivi de unn'organizzaçion (comme unna dita ò un governo) tendan à contegnî de atre smerse de documenti, comme di documenti de l'amministraçion, di registri de affari, de nòtte, a correspondensa offiçiâ, e de registraçioin de riunioin.
Translate to Ligurian:
Many of these donations have yet to be cataloged, but are currently in the process of being digitally preserved and made available to the public online.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tante de ste donaçioin an ancon da ëse catalogæ, ma se travaggia pe conservâle digitalmente e mettile à dispoxiçion do pubrico in linia.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
International partners for archives are UNESCO and Blue Shield International in accordance with the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property from 1954 and its 2nd Protocol from 1999.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I conlaboratoî internaçionali en UNESCO e Blue Shield International segondo a Convençion de l'Äia pe-a proteçion da propietæ colturale do 1954 e o seu segondo protocòllo do 1999.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
An example of this is Morgan M. Page’s description of disseminating transgender history directly to trans people through various social media and networking platforms like tumblr, Twitter, and Instagram, as well as via podcast.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un exempio a l'é a descriçion do Morgan M. Page da diffuxon da stöia transgender direttamente a-e gente trans pe mezo de ciù de un social media e piattaforme comme tumblr, Twitter e Instagram, e ascì comme podcast.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
With the options available through counter-archiving, there is the potential to "challenge traditional conceptions of history" as they are perceived within contemporary archives, which creates space for narratives that are often not present in many archival materials.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Con e opçioin che en disponibile graçie a-i contrarchivi, gh'é a poscibilitæ de «mette in dubio i conçetti tradiçionali da stöia» comme en visti inti archivi contemporanei, che crea di spaçi pe de narrative che de spesso no en presenti inte tanti materiali d'archivio.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna biografia a l'é unna descriçion da vitta de unna persoña.
Translate to Genoese:
Biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I travaggi de biografia en pe commun de saggistica, ma a finçion a peu ëse deuviâ ascì pe retrae a vitta de unna persoña.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Another well-known collection of ancient biographies is De vita Caesarum ("On the Lives of the Caesars") by Suetonius, written about AD 121 in the time of the emperor Hadrian.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unn'atra arrecuggeita famosa de biografie antighe a l'é De vita Caesarum («In sciâ vitta di Cesari») di Svetönio, scrita do 121 a.C. pöcassæ sotta à l'imperatô Adrian.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Hermits, monks, and priests used this historic period to write biographies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I ermitti, i moneghi e i prævi an deuviou sto periodo da stöia pe scrive de biografie.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
One significant secular example of a biography from this period is the life of Charlemagne by his courtier Einhard.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un exempio secolare scignificativo de biografia de sto periodo l'é a Vitta de Carlomagno scrita da-o seu cortexan Einhard.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
They contained more social data for a large segment of the population than other works of that period.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Contegnivan ciù informaçioin soçiale pe un gran segmento da popolaçion che i atri travaggi de quello periodo.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
By the late Middle Ages, biographies became less church-oriented in Europe as biographies of kings, knights, and tyrants began to appear.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inta bassa Etæ de mezo e biografie en vegnue meno orientæ in sciâ Gexa in Euröpa, e l'é comensou à comparî de biografie de re, cavaggëi e tiranni.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Following Malory, the new emphasis on humanism during the Renaissance promoted a focus on secular subjects, such as artists and poets, and encouraged writing in the vernacular.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Apreuvo a-o Malory, a neuva enfaxi in sce l'umaneximo inta Renascion a l'incoraggiava à conçentrâse in sce di argomenti secolari, comme i artisti e i poeti, e a l'incoraggiava à scrive into vernacolo.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Influential in shaping popular conceptions of pirates, A General History of the Pyrates (1724), by Charles Johnson, is the prime source for the biographies of many well-known pirates.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A General History of the Pyrates (1724) do Charles Johnson, ch'o l'é stæta influente pe formâ a conçeçion popolare di pirati, a l'é a fonte primmäia de biografie pe tanti pirati famoxi.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Carlyle asserted that the lives of great human beings were essential to understanding society and its institutions.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Carlyle o l'à dito che e vitte di grandi ëse umoen ean primmäie pe a comprenscion da soçietæ e de seu instituçioin.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Boswell's work was unique in its level of research, which involved archival study, eye-witness accounts and interviews, its robust and attractive narrative, and its honest depiction of all aspects of Johnson's life and character – a formula which serves as the basis of biographical literature to this day.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O travaggio do Boswell o l'ea unico pe-o seu livello de reçerca, ch'o domandava o studio di archivi, de stöie e interviste con di testimònni oculari, unna narrativa rezzente e gradia, e o seu retræto onesto de tutti i aspeti da vitta e do carattere do Johnson – unna formola ch'a l'é a-a base da lettiatua de biografia fin a-a giornâ d'ancheu.
Translate to Genoese:
However, the number of biographies in print experienced a rapid growth, thanks to an expanding reading public.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Però, o numero de biografie stampæ en aumentæ a-a spedia, graçie à l'espanscion do pubrico ch'o lezeiva.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Periodicals began publishing a sequence of biographical sketches.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I periòdichi an comensou à pubricâ unna serie de profî biografichi.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Sociological" biographies conceived of their subjects' actions as the result of the environment, and tended to downplay individuality.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E biografie «soçiològiche» conçepivan e açioin di seu soggetti comme o resultato de l'ambiente, e tendeivan à rende ciù pöco importante l'individualitæ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Up until this point, as Strachey remarked in the preface, Victorian biographies had been "as familiar as the cortège of the undertaker", and wore the same air of "slow, funereal barbarism."
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Fin à sto ponto, comme o remarca o Strachey inta prefaçion, i biògrafi vittorien ean stæti «conosciui bene quante a proçescion do morteuio» e piggiavan a mæxima äia de «barbarismo lento e funereo».
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The book achieved worldwide fame due to its irreverent and witty style, its concise and factually accurate nature, and its artistic prose.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O libbro o l'à ottegnuo nòmina pe tutto o mondo graçie a-o seu stilo irreverente e fin, a seu natua concisa e conforme a-i fæti, e a seu pròsa artistica.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Robert Graves (I, Claudius, 1934) stood out among those following Strachey's model of "debunking biographies."
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Robert Graves (I, Claudius, 1934) o s'é distinto tra quelli che anavan apreuvo a-o modello do Strachey de «screditâ e biografia».
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
By World War I, cheap hard-cover reprints had become popular.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A-i tempi da Primma guæra mondiale, e restampe econòmiche ligæ ean vegnue commun.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Along with documentary biographical films, Hollywood produced numerous commercial films based on the lives of famous people.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Insemme à di documentäi biografichi, Hollywood a l'à produto ciù de un cine commerçiale basou in sciâ vitta de persoñe famose.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Unlike books and films, they often do not tell a chronological narrative: instead they are archives of many discrete media elements related to an individual person, including video clips, photographs, and text articles.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Differente da-i libbri e i cini, de spesso no contan unna narrativa cronològica: incangio en di archivi de tanti elementi mediatichi ligæ a-e persoñe individuale, compreiso di clip video, de fotografie e di articoli scriti.
Translate to Ligurian:
General "life writing" techniques are a subject of scholarly study.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E tecniche generiche de «life writing» en l'oggetto de studdi academichi.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
The information can come from "oral history, personal narrative, biography and autobiography” or "diaries, letters, memoranda and other materials".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E informaçioin peuan vegnî da «stöie orale, narrative personale, biografie e autobiografie» ò «diäi, lettie, nòtte e atri materiali».
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
European-style castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries, after the fall of the Carolingian Empire resulted in its territory being divided among individual lords and princes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I castelli into stilo de l'Euröpa en nasciui inti secoli IX e X, dòppo che a cheita de l'Impëio carolingio a l'à portou a-a divixon do seu territöio tra di scingoli scignoi e prinçipi.
Translate to Ligurian:
Urban castles were used to control the local populace and important travel routes, and rural castles were often situated near features that were integral to life in the community, such as mills, fertile land, or a water source.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I castelli de çittæ ean deuviæ pe controllâ a popolaçion locale e e rotte de trafego ciù importante, e i castelli de campagna ean pe commun scituæ vexin a-i pòsti ciù importanti pe-a vitta da communitæ, comme moin, tæra fertile ò unna vivagna d'ægua.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In the late 12th and early 13th centuries, a scientific approach to castle defence emerged.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In sciâ fin do secolo XII e o prinçipio do secolo XIII, l'é nasciuo unna strategia scientifica pe-a defeisa di castelli.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
These changes in defence have been attributed to a mixture of castle technology from the Crusades, such as concentric fortification, and inspiration from earlier defences, such as Roman forts.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sti cangi inta defeisa en stæti attribuii à unna mescciua de tecnologia de castelli da-e Croxæ, comme a fortificaçion conçentrica, e l'inspiraçion a-e defeise de primma, comme i fòrti romoen.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Although gunpowder was introduced to Europe in the 14th century, it did not significantly affect castle building until the 15th century, when artillery became powerful enough to break through stone walls.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sciben che a povie a l'é stæta introduta in Euröpa into secolo XIV, a no l'à influensou tanto a construçion di castelli fin a-o secolo XV, quante l'artilieria a l'é vegnua tanto fòrte ch'abbasta pe poei attraversâ e miage de pria.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Feudalism was the link between a lord and his vassal where, in return for military service and the expectation of loyalty, the lord would grant the vassal land.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O feudaleximo o l'ea a connescion tra un scignoo e o seu vassallo donde, in cangio do serviçio militare e a prospettiva de lealtæ, o scignoo o garantiva da tæra a-o vassallo.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Castles served a range of purposes, the most important of which were military, administrative, and domestic.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I castelli aveiva unna serie de fonçioin, e ciù importante de quæ ean militare, de l'amministraçion e domesteghe.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
As William the Conqueror advanced through England, he fortified key positions to secure the land he had taken.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanto che Ghiggermo o Conquistatô o l'avansava pe l'Inghiltæra, o fortificava de poxiçioin ciave pe mette a-o seguo a tæra ch'o l'aiva piggiou.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
A castle could act as a stronghold and prison but was also a place where a knight or lord could entertain his peers.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un castello o poeiva fonçionâ da fortessa e prexon, ma o l'ea ascì un pòsto donde un cavaggeo ò un scignoo o poeiva fâ demoâ i seu compagni.
Translate to Genoese:
In different areas of the world, analogous structures shared features of fortification and other defining characteristics associated with the concept of a castle, though they originated in different periods and circumstances and experienced differing evolutions and influences.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte varie parte do mondo, de struttue pæge condividdeivan e caratteristiche de fortificaçion e e atre caratteristiche determinante ch'en assoçiæ a-o conçetto de castello, sciben che son nasciue inte di atri periodi e çircostanse e an avuo unn'evoluçioin e de influense despæge.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
By the 16th century, when Japanese and European cultures met, fortification in Europe had moved beyond castles and relied on innovations such as the Italian trace italienne and star forts.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into secolo XVI, quande e coltue giapponeixi e europëe se son incontræ, e fortificaçioin in Euröpa ean anæte ciù avanti di castelli e dependeiva da innovaçioin comme a traccia italiaña e i fòrti à stella.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The excavation of earth to make the mound left a ditch around the motte, called a moat (which could be either wet or dry).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O cavâ da tæra pe fâ un muggio o lasciava unna trincea d'intorno a-a mòtta, ciammou fossou (ch'o poeiva ëse ò pin d'ægua ò sciuto.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
It was a common feature of castles, and most had at least one.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A l'ea unna caratteristica commun di castelli, e sqæxi tutti ghe n'aivan a-o manco un.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Although often associated with the motte-and-bailey type of castle, baileys could also be found as independent defensive structures.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sciben che pe sòlito o l'ea ligou a-a qualitæ de castello con mòtta e miage, e miage s'attrovavan ascì comme struttue de defeisa independente.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Keep" was not a term used in the medieval period – the term was applied from the 16th century onwards – instead "donjon" was used to refer to great towers, or turris in Latin.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Fortessa» a no l'ea un termine deuviou inte l'Etæ de mezo – o termine o l'é stæto deuviou à partî da-o secolo XVI –, incangio «donjon» o l'ea deuviou pe parlâ de tore gròsse, ò turris in latin.