ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
Translate to Ligurian:
Contemporary philosophy is the present period in the history of Western philosophy beginning at the early 20th century with the increasing professionalization of the discipline and the rise of analytic and continental philosophy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A filosofia contemporanea a l’é o periodo d’ancheu inta stöia da filosofia oçidentale, ch’o comensa à l’iniçio do secolo vinti, co-a crescente profescionalizzaçion da discipliña e l’asceisa da filosofia continentale.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Germany was the first country to professionalize philosophy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A Germania a l’é stæta o primmo paise à creâ unna profescion da-a filosofia.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Furthermore, unlike many of the sciences for which there has come to be a healthy industry of books, magazines, and television shows meant to popularize science and communicate the technical results of a scientific field to the general populace, works by professional philosophers directed at an audience outside the profession remain rare.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe de ciù, à differensa de tante de sciense pe-e quæ l’é nasciuo unna saña industria de libbri, riviste e spettacoli de televixon destinæ à divulgâ a sciensa e à communicâ i restultati tecnichi de un campo scientifico a-o gran pubrico, e euvie di filòsofi profescionisti dirette à un pubrico esterno a-a profescion son ancon rare.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Each division organises a large annual conference.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ògni divixon a l’organizza tutti i anni unna gran conferensa.
Translate to Ligurian:
Among its many other tasks, the association is responsible for administering many of the profession's top honors.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tra e seu tante atre manscioin, l’assoçiaçion a l’é responsabile de l’amministraçion de tante de mascime onorefiçense da profescion.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
This development was roughly contemporaneous with work by Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell inaugurating a new philosophical method based on the analysis of language via modern logic (hence the term "analytic philosophy").
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto sviluppo o l’é stæto pöcassæ contemporaneo do travaggio de Gottlob Frege e Bertrand Russel, ch’o l’à inaugurou un neuvo metodo filosòfico basou in sce l’analixi do lenguaggio pe mezo da lògica moderna (da-o quæ o termine «filosofia analitica»).
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Some philosophers, such as Richard Rorty and Simon Glendinning, argue that this "analytic–continental" divide is inimical to the discipline as a whole.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Çerti filòsofi, comme Richard Rorty e Simon Glendinning, sostëgnan che sta divixon «analitico-continentale» a l’é conträia a-e discipliñe into seu insemme.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Afterwards, analytic and continental philosophers differ on the importance and influence of subsequent philosophers on their respective traditions.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ciù tardi, i filòsofi analitichi e continentali differiscian in sce l’importansa e l’influensa di filòsofi succescivi in scê seu respettive tradiçioin.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Although, since analytic and continental philosophy have such starkly different views of philosophy after Kant, continental philosophy is also often understood in an extended sense to include any post-Kant philosophers or movements important to continental philosophy but not analytic philosophy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ascì ben che, da-o momento che a filosofia analitica e quella continentale an de vixoin coscì nettamente despæge da filosofia dòppo Kant, a filosofia contentale a l’é inteisa tante vòtte in senso esteiso pe comprende tutti i filòsofi ò i movimenti post-Kat importanti pe-a filosofia continentale ma no pe quella analitica.
Translate to Ligurian:
The major orthodox schools arose sometime between the start of the Common Era and the Gupta Empire.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E scheue ortodòsse ciù importante en nasciue tra o comenso de l’Era Commun e l’impëio Gupta.
Translate to Genoese:
Western scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I studioxi oçidentali conscideran l’induismo comme unna fuxon ò unna scintesi de varie coltue e tradiçioin indiañe, con de reixe despæge e nisciun fondatô unico.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Indian philosophers developed a system of epistemological reasoning (pramana) and logic and investigated topics such as Ontology (metaphysics, Brahman-Atman, Sunyata-Anatta), reliable means of knowledge (epistemology, Pramanas), value system (axiology) and other topics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I filòsofi indien an sviluppou un scistema de raxonamento epistemiològico (pramana) e de lògica e an reçercou in sce di argomento l’Ontologia (metafixica, Brahman-Atman, Sunyata-Anatta), in sce di mezi segui de conoscensa (epistemologia, Pramanas), in sce un scistema de valoî (asciologia) e in sce di atri argomenti.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Later developments include the development of Tantra and Iranian-Islamic influences.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I sviluppi succescivi comprendan o sviluppo do Tantra e e influense iraniano-islamiche.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Nyāya traditionally accepts four Pramanas as reliable means of gaining knowledge – Pratyakṣa (perception), Anumāṇa (inference), Upamāṇa (comparison and analogy) and Śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Nyāya o l’açetta tradiçionalmente quattro Pramanas comme mezi segui pe ottegnî a conoscensa: Pratyakṣa (perceçion), Anumāṇa (inferensa), Upamāṇa (confronto e analogia) e Śabda (paròlla, testimoniansa d’esperti competenti passæ ò presenti).
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
This philosophy held that the universe was reducible to paramāṇu (atoms), which are indestructible (anitya), indivisible, and have a special kind of dimension, called “small” (aṇu).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sta filosofia a sostegniva che l’universo o poeiva ëse reduto à paramāṇu (atomi), che no peuan vegnî destruti (anitya) ò divixi che an unna qualitæ particolare de dimenscion, dita «picciña» (aṇu).
Translate from English to Genoese:
Because of their focus on textual study and interpretation, Mīmāṃsā also developed theories of philology and the philosophy of language which influenced other Indian schools.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In raxon da seu attençion pe-o studio e pe l’interpretaçion di testi, i Mīmāṃsā an sviluppou ascì de teorie de filologia e filosofia do lenguaggio ch’an influensou de atre scheue indiañe.
Translate from English to Genoese:
The distinguishing features of Jain philosophy include a mind-body dualism, denial of a creative and omnipotent God, karma, an eternal and uncreated universe, non-violence, the theory of the multiple facets of truth, and morality based on liberation of the soul.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I tratti distintivi da filosofia giainista comprendan un dualismo mente-còrpo, a negaçion de unna divinitæ creativa e onnipotente, o karma, un universo eterno e incremento, a no-violensa, a teoria de tante cae da veitæ e a moralitæ basâ in sciâ liberaçion de l’anima.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
It has also been called a model of philosophical liberalism for its insistence that truth is relative and multifaceted and for its willingness to accommodate all possible view-points of the rival philosophies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l’é stæto definio ascì un modello de liberalismo filosofico pe-a seu intscistensa che a veitæ a segge relativa e moltiforme e pe-a seu disponibilitæ à accheugge tutti i poscibili ponti de vista de filosofie in concorrensa con lê.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
It is the dominant philosophical tradition in Tibet and Southeast Asian countries like Sri Lanka and Burma.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A l’é a tradiçion filosòfica dominante into Tibet e inti paixi do sud-est asiatico comme o Sri Lanka e a Birmania.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Later Buddhist philosophical traditions developed complex phenomenological psychologies termed 'Abhidharma'.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E tradiçioin filosòfiche buddiste succescive an sviluppou de psicologie fenomenològiche complesse ciammæ «Abhidharma».
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
This tradition contributed to what has been called an "epistemological turn" in Indian philosophy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sta tradiçion a l’à contribuo a quella ch’a l’é stæta ciammâ «direçion epistemològica» inta filosofia indiaña.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Important exponents of Buddhist modernism include Anagarika Dharmapala (1864–1933) and the American convert Henry Steel Olcott, the Chinese modernists Taixu (1890–1947) and Yin Shun (1906–2005), Zen scholar D.T. Suzuki, and the Tibetan Gendün Chöphel (1903–1951).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di esponenti importanti do modernismo buddista comprendan Anagarika Dharmapala (1864-1933) e l’american convertio Henry Steel Olcott, i modernisti cineixi Taixu (1890-1947) e Yin Shun (1906-2005), o studioso Zen D.T. Suzuki e o tibetan Gendün Chöphel (1903-1951).
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures and societies, in both the present and past, including past human species.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia a l'é o studio scientifico de l'umanitæ, ch'o tratta o comportamento uman, a biologia umaña, e coltue e e soçietæ, into presente e into passou, compreiso e speçie umañe passæ.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia biològica e fixica a studia o sviluppo biologico di umoen.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Various short-lived organizations of anthropologists had already been formed.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
S'ea za formou tante organizzaçioin d'antropòlogi ch'en duæ pöco.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
When slavery was abolished in France in 1848, the Société was abandoned.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quande l'é stæto abolio a scciavitù in Fransa do 1848, a Société a l'é stæta abandonâ.
Translate to Ligurian:
For them, the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was the epiphany of everything they had begun to suspect.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe loiatri, a pubricaçion de L'origine de speçie do Charles Darwin a l'à representou a revelaçion de tutto quello ch'aivan comensou à sospettâ.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
There was an immediate rush to bring it into the social sciences.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Gh'é stæto tòsto un asbrio pe introdûla inte sciense soçiale.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
His definition now became "the study of the human group, considered as a whole, in its details, and in relation to the rest of nature".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A seu definiçion a l'é vegnua alantô «o studio do gruppo uman, piggiou comme un insemme, into seu menuo e in relaçion a-o resto da natua».
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
He discovered the speech center of the human brain, today called Broca's area after him.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l'à descoverto o çentro do linguaggio do çervello uman, che da lê o l'à piggiou o nomme d'ancheu de zöna do Broca.
Translate to Genoese:
The last two volumes were published posthumously.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I urtimi doî volummi son stæti pubricæ pòstumi.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
He stresses that the data of comparison must be empirical, gathered by experimentation.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O mette in ciæo che i dæti de confronto devan ëse empirichi, arrecuggeiti pe sperimentaçion.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Waitz was influential among the British ethnologists.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Waitz o l'à avuo ben ben de l'influensa tra i etnòlogi britannichi.
Translate to Ligurian:
Representatives from the French Société were present, though not Broca.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Gh'ea di representanti da Société franseise, ma no o Broca.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Previously Edward had referred to himself as an ethnologist; subsequently, an anthropologist.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In passou, o Edward o s'ea definio un etnòlogo; dapeu, un antropòlogo.
Translate to Genoese:
One notable exception was the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology, and Prehistory (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unn'importante eçeçion a l'é stæta a Soçietæ de Berlin pe l'antropologia, l'etnologia e a preistöia (1869), fondâ da-o Rudolph Virchow, conosciuo pe-i seu attacchi critichi a-i evoluçionisti.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
The major theorists belonged to these organizations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I teòrichi ciù importanti appartegnivan à ste organizzaçioin.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Practical anthropology, the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems, has arrived; for example, the presence of buried victims might stimulate the use of a forensic archaeologist to recreate the final scene.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'é arrivou l'antropologia prattica, l'uso da conoscensa e da tecnica antropològica pe destrigâ di problemi particolæ; pe exempio, a presensa de vittime assotterræ a porrieiva sponciâ à deuviâ un archeòlogo forense pe reconstrue a scena finale.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
This has been particularly prominent in the United States, from Boas' arguments against 19th-century racial ideology, through Margaret Mead's advocacy for gender equality and sexual liberation, to current criticisms of post-colonial oppression and promotion of multiculturalism.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Questo o l'é stæto evidente in particolâ inti Stati Unii, da-e argomentaçioin do Boas contra l'ideologia da razza do secolo XIX, con passâ de pe-a defeisa da paritæ de genere e da liberaçion sessuale da Margaret Mead, a-e critiche d'ancheu de l'opprescioin pòst-coloniale e a-a promoçion do molticolturaliximo.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
In Great Britain and the Commonwealth countries, the British tradition of social anthropology tends to dominate.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In Gran Bretagna e inti paixi do Commonwealth, a tradiçion britannica de l'antropologia soçiale à tende à prevai.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Cultural anthropology is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them, while social anthropology is the study of the relationships among individuals and groups.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia colturale a l'é o studio comparativo de tante mainee con che e persoñe dan un senso a-o mondo ch'o ghe stà d'in gio, incangio l'antropologia soçiale a l'é o studio de relaçioin tra individui e gruppi.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
There is no hard-and-fast distinction between them, and these categories overlap to a considerable degree.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
No existe unna distinçion ciæa tra de quelle e ste categorie se creuvan uña con l'atra ben ben de spesso.
Translate to Genoese:
This project is often accommodated in the field of ethnography.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto progetto o vëgne accuggeito de spesso into campo de l'etnografia.
Translate to Ligurian:
Participant observation is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'osservaçion parteçipante a l'é un di metodi fondamentali de l'antropologia soçiale e colturale.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
The study of kinship and social organization is a central focus of sociocultural anthropology, as kinship is a human universal.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O studio di ligammi de pæntægo e de l'organizzaçion soçiale a l'é un ponto çentrale de l'antropologia sòçiocolturale, dæto che i ligammi de pæntou son un elemento universale di umoen.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Ethnography views first-hand experience and social context as important.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'etnografia a stimma che l'esperiensa diretta e o contesto soçiale seggian importanti.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Ethnomusicology can be used in a wide variety of fields, such as teaching, politics, cultural anthropology etc.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'etnomuxicologia a peu ëse addeuviâ inte un gran insemme de campi, comme l'insegnamento, a politica, l'antropologia colturale e avanti coscì.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Economic Anthropology remains, for the most part, focused upon exchange.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia economica a l'arresta conçentrâ sorviatutto in sciô scangio.
Translate to Ligurian:
The first of these areas was concerned with the "pre-capitalist" societies that were subject to evolutionary "tribal" stereotypes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O primmo de sti settoî o dava a mente a-e soçietæ «precapitaliste» sottopòste à di stereòtipi «tribali» evolutivi.
Translate to Genoese:
Why are those working in development so willing to disregard history and the lessons it might offer?
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Perché quelli che travaggian into sviluppo son coscì portæ à no dâ a mente a-a stöia e a-e leçioin ch'a porrieiva offrî?
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Anthropology engages often with feminists from non-Western traditions, whose perspectives and experiences can differ from those of white feminists of Europe, America, and elsewhere.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia a se relaçioña de spesso con de femministe de tradiçioin no do Ponente, che e seu prospettive e esperiense peuan ëse differente da quelle de femministe gianche d'Euröpa, America e atre zöne.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Political anthropology developed as a discipline concerned primarily with politics in stateless societies, a new development started from the 1960s, and is still unfolding: anthropologists started increasingly to study more "complex" social settings in which the presence of states, bureaucracies and markets entered both ethnographic accounts and analysis of local phenomena.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'antropologia politica a s'é sviluppâ comme discipliña ch'a dava a mente sorviatutto a-a politica inte soçietæ apòlide. Da-i anni '60 l'é comensou un neuvo sviluppo, ch'o l'é ancon in corso: i antropòlogi an comensou sempre de ciù à studiâ di contesti soçiali ciù «complesci», inti quæ a presensa de stati, burocraçie e mercoei a s'é introduta inte relaçioin etnografiche e inte l'analixi de fenòmeni locali.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Secondly, anthropologists slowly started to develop a disciplinary concern with states and their institutions (and on the relationship between formal and informal political institutions).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In segondo leugo, i antropòloghi an comensou cian cianin à sviluppâ unn'anscetæ disciplinare in relaçion a-i stati e a-e seu instituçioin (e in sciô rappòrto tra instituçioin politiche formale e informale).
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
It is also the study of the history of various ethnic groups that may or may not exist today.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe de ciù o l'é o studio da stöia di differenti gruppi etnichi che peuan existe ò no existe ancheu.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Various social processes in the Western World as well as in the "Third World" (the latter being the habitual focus of attention of anthropologists) brought the attention of "specialists in 'other cultures'" closer to their homes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanti proçesci soçiali into mondo do Ponente coscì comme into «Terso Mondo» (ch'o l'é o çentro de l'attençion abituale di antropòloghi) an mesciou l'attençion di «speçialisti in "atre coltue" ciù vexin a-e seu cæ».
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
It is an interdisciplinary field that overlaps with a number of other disciplines, including anthropology, ethology, medicine, psychology, veterinary medicine and zoology.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Se parla de un campo interdisciplinare ch'o se creuve con unna riga d'atre discipliña, tra e quæ antropologia, etologia, mëxiña, pscicolgogia, mëxiña veterinäia e zoologia.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
It is the study of ancient humans, as found in fossil hominid evidence such as petrifacted bones and footprints.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l'é o studio di umoen antighi, comme da preuve fòscile d'ominidi comme impronte e òsse vegnue de pria.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
In 1989, a group of European and American scholars in the field of anthropology established the European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) which serves as a major professional organization for anthropologists working in Europe.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1989, un gruppo de studioxi europëi e americhen into campo de l'antropologia o l'à fondou l'Assoçiaçion Europea di Antropòlogi Soçiali (EASA), ch'a representa unn'importante organizzaçion profescionale pe-i antropòlogi che travaggian in Euröpa.
Translate to Genoese:
This is the notion that cultures should not be judged by another's values or viewpoints, but be examined dispassionately on their own terms.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto chì o l'é o conçetto che e coltue no dovieivan ëse giudicæ in base a-i valoî ò a-i ponti de vista de un atro, ma ëse examinæ de mainea destaccâ a-e seu condiçioin.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Franz Boas publicly objected to US participation in World War I, and after the war he published a brief expose and condemnation of the participation of several American archaeologists in espionage in Mexico under their cover as scientists.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Franz Boas o s'é oppòsto pubricamente a-a parteçipaçion di Stati Unii a-a Primma guæra do mondo e dòppo a guæra o l'à pubricou un espòsto piccin à condanna da parteçipaçion de tanti archeòlogi americhen a-o spionaggio in Mescico sotta covertua comme di sciensiæ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
At the same time, David H. Price's work on American anthropology during the Cold War provides detailed accounts of the pursuit and dismissal of several anthropologists from their jobs for communist sympathies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Da mæxima, o travaggio do David H. Price in sce l'antropologia americaña tanto che gh'ea a Guæra Freida o fornisce de relaçioin into menuo da persecuçion e da scorria de tanti antropòlogi da-e seu carreghe pe scimpatie communiste.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Numerous resolutions condemning the war in all its aspects were passed overwhelmingly at the annual meetings of the American Anthropological Association (AAA).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ben ben de resoluçioin che condannan a guæra da tutti i ponti de vista son stæte approvæ à gran maggioransa inte riunioin annuale de l'American Anthropological Association (AAA).