ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Scientists of different eras (and before them, natural philosophers, mathematicians, natural historians, natural theologians, engineers, and others who contributed to the development of science) have had widely different places in society, and the social norms, ethical values, and epistemic virtues associated with scientists—and expected of them—have changed over time as well.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di sciensiæ de periodi differenti (e avanti de loiatri, di filòsofi naturali, di matematichi, di stòrichi naturali, di teòlogi naturali, di inzegnê e di atri ch'an contribuio a-o sviluppo da sciensa) an assonto de fonçioin ben ben despæge inta soçietæ e ascì e nòrme soçiale, i valoî etichi e e virtù epistemiche ligæ a-i sciensiæ, e che un o s'aspeta da loiatri, son cangiæ co-o tempo.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Many proto-scientists from the Islamic Golden Age are considered polymaths, in part because of the lack of anything corresponding to modern scientific disciplines.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanti proto-sciensiæ de l'Etæ d'öo mossolmaña son tegnui pe di eclettichi, in parte pe caxon de l'assensa de quarcösa da poei paragonâ a-e moderne discipliñe scientifiche.
Translate to Genoese:
Propositions arrived at by purely logical means are completely empty as regards reality.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E affermaçioin ottegnue sccettamente con di mezi lògichi son do tutto veue à peto da realtæ.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Descartes was not only a pioneer of analytic geometry but formulated a theory of mechanics and advanced ideas about the origins of animal movement and perception.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Cartesio o no l'é stæto solo un precorritô da geometria analitica, ma o l'à formolou unna teoria da mecanica e de idee à l'avanguardia in scê origine do movimento e da perçeçion de bestie.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
He provided a comprehensive formulation of classical mechanics and investigated light and optics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l'à fornio unna formolaçion approfondia da mecanica clascica e o l'à studiou a luxe e l'òttica.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
He discovered that a charge applied to the spinal cord of a frog could generate muscular spasms throughout its body.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l'à descoverto che unna carrega applicâ a-o moulo spinale de unna ræna a poeiva generâ di spaximi moscolari inte tutto o còrpo.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Lazzaro Spallanzani is one of the most influential figures in experimental physiology and the natural sciences.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O Lazzaro Spallanzani o l'é uña de figue ciù influente da fixologia sperimentale e de sciense naturale.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
However, there is no formal process to determine who is a scientist and who is not a scientist.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Però, no l'existe un proçesso formale pe stabilî chi l'é un sciensiou e chi no l'é.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
A little over half of the respondents wanted to pursue a career in academia, with smaller proportions hoping to work in industry, government, and nonprofit environments.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pöco ciù che a meitæ di intervistæ a voeiva anâ apreuvo – un percorso into mondo academico, incangio di atri in mesua ciù picciña speravan de louâ inte l'industria, into governo e inte di ambienti sensa finalitæ de guägno.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
They exhibit a strong curiosity about reality.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Presentan un fòrte senso de coixitæ verso a realtæ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Some scientists have a desire to apply scientific knowledge for the benefit of people's health, the nations, the world, nature, or industries (academic scientist and industrial scientist).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
À çerti sciensiæ gh'é cao d'applicâ e conoscense scientifiche à avvantaggio da sanitæ de persoñe, de naçioin, do mondo, da natua ò de industrie (sciensiou academico e sciensiou industriale).
Translate to Genoese:
These include cosmology and biology, especially molecular biology and the human genome project.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'é compreiso a coscmologia e a biologia, in particolâ a biologia molecolare e o progetto do genöma uman.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The figure included twice as many men as women.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O o o comprendeiva unna quantitæ doggia d'òmmi in scê dònne.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Relevant phenomena include supernova explosions, gamma ray bursts, quasars, blazars, pulsars, and cosmic microwave background radiation.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I fenòmeni de relevansa comprendan esploxoin de superneuve, esploxoin de raggi gamma, quasar, blazar, pulsar e radiaçioin còsmiche de forni à microonde.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia a l’é uña de scense naturale ciù antighe.
Translate from English to Genoese:
In the past, astronomy included disciplines as diverse as astrometry, celestial navigation, observational astronomy, and the making of calendars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into passou l’astronomia a comprendeiva de discipliñe despæge comme l’astrometria, a navegaçion çeleste, l’astronomia osservativa e a realizzaçion de lunäi.
Translate to Genoese:
Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia osservaçionale a se çentra in sce l’aquixiçion de dæti da l’osservaçion d’oggetti astronòmichi.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Based on strict dictionary definitions, "astronomy" refers to "the study of objects and matter outside the Earth's atmosphere and of their physical and chemical properties," while "astrophysics" refers to the branch of astronomy dealing with "the behavior, physical properties, and dynamic processes of celestial objects and phenomena".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In sciâ base de definiçioin rigorose do diçionäio, «astronomia» a fa referensa a-o «studio di oggetti e da matëia feua da l’atmosfera terrestre e de seu propietæ fixiche e chimiche», tanto che «astrofixica» a fa referensa a-a ramma de l’astronomia ligâ «a-o comportamento, a-e propietæ fixiche e a-i proçesci dinamichi d’oggetti e de fenòmeni çelesti».
Translate to Ligurian:
Some fields, such as astrometry, are purely astronomy rather than also astrophysics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Çerti campi, comme l’astrometria, en solo che astronòmichi e no astrofixichi ascì.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
From these observations, early ideas about the motions of the planets were formed, and the nature of the Sun, Moon and the Earth in the Universe were explored philosophically.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Da ste osservaçioin s’é formou e primme idee in sciô movimento di pianeti e l’é stæto esplorou, in sciô cian filosòfico, a natua do sô, da luña e da Tæra inte l’universo.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
A particularly important early development was the beginning of mathematical and scientific astronomy, which began among the Babylonians, who laid the foundations for the later astronomical traditions that developed in many other civilizations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un sviluppo tempoio particolarmente importante o l’é stæto o comenso de l’astronomia matematica e scientifica, stæte prinçipiæ da-i Babiloneixi, ch’aivan misso e base pe-e tradiçioin astronòmiche ciù tarde che se saieiva sviluppou inte tante atre çiviltæ.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Greek astronomy is characterized from the start by seeking a rational, physical explanation for celestial phenomena.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia grega a l’é stæta caratterizzâ fin da-o comenso da-a reçerca de unna spiegaçion raçionale e fixica di fenòmeni çelesti.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Hipparchus also created a comprehensive catalog of 1020 stars, and most of the constellations of the northern hemisphere derive from Greek astronomy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ipparco o l’à creou ascì un catalogo completo de 1020 stelle e a ciù parte de costellaçioin de l’emisfëio nòrd a deriva da-a l’astronomia grega.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Georg von Peuerbach (1423–1461) and Regiomontanus (1436–1476) helped make astronomical progress instrumental to Copernicus's development of the heliocentric model decades later.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Dëxeñe d’anni apreuvo, Georg von Peuerbach (1423-1461) e Regiomontanus (1436-1476) an contribuio a-o progresso astronòmico finalizzou a-o sviluppo do modello elioçentrico de Copernico.
Translate to Genoese:
In 964, the Andromeda Galaxy, the largest galaxy in the Local Group, was described by the Persian Muslim astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi in his Book of Fixed Stars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 964 a galassia d’Andròmeda, a galassia ciù grande do Gruppo Locale, a l’é stæta descrita da l’astrònomo persian mossulman Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi into seu «Libbro de stelle fisse».
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Astronomers during that time introduced many Arabic names now used for individual stars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I astrònomi inte quello periodo an introduto ascì tanti nommi arabi che oua vëgnan deuviæ pe de scingole stelle.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Songhai historian Mahmud Kati documented a meteor shower in August 1583.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O stòrico de Songhai Mahmud Kati o l’à documentou l’avvistamento do passaggio de meteorite inte l’agosto do 1583.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Kepler was the first to devise a system that correctly described the details of the motion of the planets around the Sun.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Keplero o l’é stæto o primmo ch’o l’agge ideou un scistema pe descrive correttamente e particolaritæ do movimento di pianeti in gio a-o sô.
Translate to Ligurian:
The English astronomer John Flamsteed catalogued over 3000 stars, More extensive star catalogues were produced by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astrònomo ingleise John Flamsteed o l’à catalogou ciù de 3000 stelle; di cataloghi de stelle ciù grendi saieivan stæti produti da Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
This work was further refined by Joseph-Louis Lagrange and Pierre Simon Laplace, allowing the masses of the planets and moons to be estimated from their perturbations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto travaggio o l’é stæto dapeu raffinou da Joseph-Louis Lagrange e Pierre Simon Laplace, permettendo de stimmâ e masse di pianeti e de luñe da-e seu perturbaçioin.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Stars were proven to be similar to the Earth's own Sun, but with a wide range of temperatures, masses, and sizes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’é stæto demostrou che e stelle s’assomeggian ciù a-o sô che a-a Tæra, ma con unna larga gamma de temperatue, masse e dimenscioin.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Theoretical astronomy led to speculations on the existence of objects such as black holes and neutron stars, which have been used to explain such observed phenomena as quasars, pulsars, blazars, and radio galaxies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia teòrica a l’à portou à de ipòtexi in sce l’existensa d’oggetti comme i pertuxi neigri e e stelle de neutroin, che son stæti deuviæ pe spiegâ di fenòmeni che s’ea osservou comme quasar, pulsar, blazar e radiogalassie.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Observational astronomy may be categorized according to the corresponding region of the electromagnetic spectrum on which the observations are made.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia osservativa a se peu categorizzâ in sciâ base da region correspondente a-o spegio do spettro elettromagnetico donde ven effettuou e osservaçioin.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Images of observations were originally drawn by hand.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un tempo e figue de osservaçioin vegnivan disegnæ à man.
Translate to Genoese:
Ultraviolet astronomy is best suited to the study of thermal radiation and spectral emission lines from hot blue stars (OB stars) that are very bright in this wave band.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia ultravioletta a l’é ciù adatta a-o studio da radiaçion termine e de linie d’emiscion spettrale da-e stelle bleu cade (stelle OB) che inte sta banda d’onda en assæ lumminose.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Gamma rays may be observed directly by satellites such as the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory or by specialized telescopes called atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I raggi gamma peuan vegnî osservæ direttamente da di satelliti comme o Compton Gamma Ray Observatory ò da di telescòppi speçializzæ ciammæ telescòppi atmosferichi Cherenkov.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Gravitational-wave astronomy is an emerging field of astronomy that employs gravitational-wave detectors to collect observational data about distant massive objects.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astronomia à onde gravitaçionale a l’é un campo emerzente de l’astronomia ch’o deuvia di rilevatoî d’onde gravitaçionale pe arrecheugge di dæti osservativi in sce di oggetti massisci lonten.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Historically, accurate knowledge of the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars has been essential in celestial navigation (the use of celestial objects to guide navigation) and in the making of calendars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inta stöia a conoscensa esatta da poxiçioin do sô, da luña, di pianeti e de stelle a l’é stæta essensiale inta navegaçion çeleste (o fæto de deuviâ di oggetti çelesti pe guiddâ a navegaçion) e inta realizzaçion di lunäi.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The measurement of stellar parallax of nearby stars provides a fundamental baseline in the cosmic distance ladder that is used to measure the scale of the Universe.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A mesuaçion da paralasse de stelle vexiñe a fornisce unna linia de base primmäia inta scâ de distanse còsmiche, ch’a ven deuviâ pe mesuâ a scâ de l’universo.
Translate to Ligurian:
Analytical models of a process are better for giving broader insight into the heart of what is going on.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I modelli d’analixi de un proçesso en ciù boin pe dâ unna vixon ciù larga into cheu de quello che l’é apreuvo à succede.
Translate to Ligurian:
The observation of a phenomenon predicted by a model allows astronomers to select between several alternate or conflicting models as the one best able to describe the phenomena.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’osservaçion de un fenòmeno previsto da un modello a permette a-i astrònomi de poei çerne, tra varri modelli alternativi ò constrastanti, quello ch’o pòsse descrive megio i fenòmeni.
Translate to Ligurian:
In some cases, a large amount of inconsistent data over time may lead to the total abandonment of a model.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte çerti caxi, inte unna gran quantitæ de dæti incoerenti into tempo a peu portâ a-o totale abandon de un modello.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Because astrophysics is a very broad subject, astrophysicists typically apply many disciplines of physics, including mechanics, electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear and particle physics, and atomic and molecular physics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Da-o momento che l’astrofixica a l’é unna matëia assæ larga, i astrofixichi applican titpicamente tante discipliñe da fixica, comme a mecanica, l’elettromagnetismo, a mecanica statistica, a termodinamica, a mecanica quantistica, a relativitæ, a fixica nuclere e de partiçelle e a fixica atòmica e de molecole.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
The word "astrochemistry" may be applied to both the Solar System and the interstellar medium.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A paròlla «astrochimica» a se peu applicâ tanto a-o scistema solare comme a-o mezo interstellare.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
The term exobiology is similar.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O termine exobiologia o se gh’assomeggia.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Observations of the large-scale structure of the Universe, a branch known as physical cosmology, have provided a deep understanding of the formation and evolution of the cosmos.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E osservaçioin da struttua in sce larga scâ de l’universo, unna ramma conosciua comme cosmologia fixica, an fornio unna profonda comprenscion da formaçion e de l’evoluçion do còsmo.
Translate to Ligurian:
Gravitational aggregations clustered into filaments, leaving voids in the gaps.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E aggregaçioin gravitaçionale s’ammuggian inte di fiamenti, e lascian do veuo inti interstiçi.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Various fields of physics are crucial to studying the universe.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanti campi da fixica en d’importansa primmäia pe-o studio de l’universo.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Finally, the latter is important for the understanding of the large-scale structure of the cosmos.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe finî, quest’urtimo o l’é importante pe-a comprenscion da struttua do còsmo in sce larga scâ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
As the name suggests, an elliptical galaxy has the cross-sectional shape of an ellipse.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Comme o nomme o suggerisce, unna galassia ellittica a l’à a forma trasversale de unn’ellisse.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Elliptical galaxies are more commonly found at the core of galactic clusters, and may have been formed through mergers of large galaxies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E galassie ellittiche s’attreuvan ciù pe commun into mezo di ammasci de galassi e porrieivan ësise formæ atraverso de fuxoin de galassie grende.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Spiral galaxies are typically surrounded by a halo of older stars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E galassie à spirale, tipicamente, an un alon de stelle ciù vege tutt’in gio.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
About a quarter of all galaxies are irregular, and the peculiar shapes of such galaxies may be the result of gravitational interaction.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Squæxi un quarto de tutte e galassie a l’é irregolare e e forme particolare de ste galassie peuan ëse o resultato de unn’interaçion gravitaçionale.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
A radio galaxy is an active galaxy that is very luminous in the radio portion of the spectrum, and is emitting immense plumes or lobes of gas.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna galassia radio a l’é unna galassia attiva ch’a l’é assæ lumminosa inta porçion radio do spettro e ch’a l’emette di enorme colònne de gas.
Translate to Genoese:
The large-scale structure of the cosmos is represented by groups and clusters of galaxies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A struttua do còsmo in sce larga scâ a l’é representâ da gruppi e ammasci de galassie.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
In the center of the Milky Way is the core, a bar-shaped bulge with what is believed to be a supermassive black hole at its center.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into mezo da via Lattea gh’é o nucleo, unna protuberansa à forma de bara con quello che se pensa ch’o segge un pertuso neigro supermassiscio into seu çentro.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The disk is surrounded by a spheroid halo of older, population II stars, as well as relatively dense concentrations of stars known as globular clusters.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O disco o l’à un alon sferoidale de stelle ciù vege e de popolaçion II tutt’in gio, coscì comme da conçentraçioin relativamente dense de stelle conosciue comme ammasci globulari.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
These clusters gradually disperse, and the stars join the population of the Milky Way.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sti ammasci pöco à pöco se desperdan e e stelle s’azzonzan a-a popolaçion da via Lattea.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
7–18 Star formation occurs in dense regions of dust and gas, known as giant molecular clouds.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
7-18 A formaçion de stelle a l’avvëgne inte de regioin piñe de pua e de gas, conosciue comme nuvie molecolare gigante.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Almost all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were created inside the cores of stars.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Squæxi tutti i elementi ciù pesanti de l’idrògeno e de l’elio en stæti creæ drento di nuclei de stelle.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Over time, this hydrogen fuel is completely converted into helium, and the star begins to evolve.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Co-o tempo, sto combustile d’idrògeno o se trasforma completamente inte de l’elio e a stella à comensa à evòlvise.
Translate to Ligurian:
The ejection of the outer layers forms a planetary nebula.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’espulscion di strati esterni a forma unna nebulosa planetäia.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
This is an 11-year oscillation in sunspot number.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Se tratta de unn’oscillaçion de unz’anni inta quantitæ de macce solare.
Translate to Ligurian:
Above this layer is a thin region known as the chromosphere.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In çimma à sto seu gh’é unna region sottî conosciua comme cromosfera.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Above the core is the radiation zone, where the plasma conveys the energy flux by means of radiation.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In çimma do nucleo s’attreuva a zöna de radiaçion, donde o plasma o trasmette o flusso d’energia pe mezo da radiaçion.
Translate to Ligurian:
The planets continued to sweep up, or eject, the remaining matter during a period of intense bombardment, evidenced by the many impact craters on the Moon.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I pianeti an continuou à spassâ, ò à cacciâ feua, a matëia ch’a l’arrestava da un periodo de bombezzo intenso, evidençiou da-i tanti cratëi da impatto in sciâ luña.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
This process can form a stony or metallic core, surrounded by a mantle and an outer crust.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto proçesso o peu formâ un nucleo de pria ò de metallo, con un mantello e unna crosta esterna tutt’in gio.
Translate to Genoese:
Some planets and moons accumulate enough heat to drive geologic processes such as volcanism and tectonics.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Çerti pianeti e çerte luñe ammuggian tanto de quello cado da guiddâ di proçesci geològichi comme o vorcanismo e a tettònica.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Astrostatistics is the application of statistics to astrophysics to the analysis of a vast amount of observational astrophysical data.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’astrotatistica a l’é l’applicaçion da statistica inte l’astrofixica pe l’analixi de unna larga quantitæ de dæti astrofixichi osservativi.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Cosmochemistry is the study of the chemicals found within the Solar System, including the origins of the elements and variations in the isotope ratios.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A cosmochimica a l’é o studio di elementi chimichi che s’attreuvan drento do scistema solare, compreiso l’origine di elementi e e variaçioin inte relaçioin isotòpiche.