ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
In some countries, the capital has been changed for geopolitical reasons; Finland's first city, Turku, which had served as the country's capital since the Middle Ages under the Swedish rule, lost its right during the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1812, when Helsinki was made the current capital of Finland by the Russian Empire.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte çerti paixi, a capitale a l'é stæta cangiâ pe de raxoin giopolitiche; a primma çittæ da Finlandia, Turku, ch'a l'ea servia comme capitale do paise fin da l'Etæ de Mezo sotta o dominio svedeise, a l'à perso o seu drito a-o tempo do Gran Ducato de Finlandia do 1812, quande Helsinki a l'é stæta fæta corrente capitale de Finlandia da l'Impëio Ruscio.
Translate to Genoese:
In Canada, there is a federal capital, while the ten provinces and three territories each have capital cities.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into Canada, gh'é unna capitale federale, tanto che e dexe provinse e trei territöi gh'an ogniduña de çittæ capitale.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
In Australia, the term "capital cities" is regularly used to refer to those six state capitals plus the federal capital Canberra, and Darwin, the capital of the Northern Territory.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte l'Australia, o termine «çittæ capitale» o l'é regolarmente deuviou pe rifeîse à quelle sëi capitale de stato ciù a capitale federale Canberra, e Darwin, a capitale do Territöio do Nòrd.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Unlike in federations, there is usually not a separate national capital, but rather the capital city of one constituent nation will also be the capital of the state overall, such as London, which is the capital of England and of the United Kingdom.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Differente da-e federaçioin, no gh'é pe commun unna capitale naçionale separâ, ma ciuffito a çittæ capitale de unna naçion constituente a saià ascì a capitale do stato intrego, comme Londra, ch'a l'é a capitale d'Inghiltæra e do Regno Unio.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The national capitals of Germany and Russia (the Stadtstaat of Berlin and the federal city of Moscow) are also constituent states of both countries in their own right.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E capitale naçionale de Germania e Ruscia (a çittæ stato de Berlin e a çittæ federale de Mosca) son ascì stati constituenti de tutti doî i paixi into seu pròpio drito.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Frankfort, Kentucky, midway between Louisville and Lexington.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Francofòrte, Kentucky, à meitæ stradda tra Louisville e Lexington.
Translate to Genoese:
Tallahassee, Florida, chosen as the midpoint between Pensacola and St. Augustine, Florida – then the two largest cities in Florida.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tallahassee, Florida, çernuo comme ponto à meitæ tra Pensacola e St. Augustine, Florida – donca e doe ciù grende çittæ inta Florida.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Changes in a nation's political regime sometimes result in the designation of a new capital.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I cangiamenti into regime politico de unna naçion quarche vòtta se concluddan inta dexignaçion de unna neuva capitale.
Translate to Ligurian:
When the Canary Islands became an autonomous community in 1982, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria were both given capital status.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quande e isoe Canäie en vegnue à ëse unna communitæ autònoma do 1982, Santa Cruz de Tenerife e Las Palmas de Gran Canaria gh'an dæto à tutte doe o titolo de capitale.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Estonia: the Supreme Court and the Ministry of Education and Research are located in Tartu.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Estònia: a Corte Supremma e o Ministëio de l'Educaçion e Reçerca en collocæ à Tartu.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
In case of emergency, the seat of the constitutional powers can be transferred to another town, in order for the Houses of Parliament to sit in the same location as the President and Cabinet.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
In caxo d'emergensa, a sede di poei constituçionæ a peu ëse stramuâ inte unn'atra çittæ, tanto che i rammi do Parlamento se riuniscian into mæximo pòsto do Prescidente e do Gabinetto.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The entire state machinery shifts from one city to another every six months.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'intrega organizzaçion do stato a stramua da unna çittæ à l'atra tutti i sëi meixi.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Dharamshala, which is also the headquarters of the Central Tibetan Administration, is the second winter capital of the state.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Dharamshala, ch'a l'é ascì o quartê generale de l'amministraçion çentrale tibetaña, a l'é a segonda capitale d'inverno do stato.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
The city itself is administered as a Union territory.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A çittæ mæxima a ven amministrâ comme un territöio de l'Union.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Uttarakhand: Dehradun is the administrative and legislative capital, while the high court is located in Nainital.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Uttarakhand: Dehradun a l'é a capitale amministrativa e legislativa, tanto che l'erta corte a l'é collocâ à Nainital.
Translate to Ligurian:
Its construction started in 1960 and was completed in 1966.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A seu construçion a l'é comensâ do 1960 e a l'é stæta completâ do 1966.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
The presidential palace (Malacanang Palace) and the Supreme Court are located within the capital city but the two houses of Congress are located in separate suburbs.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O palaçio prescidensiâ (Malacanang Palace) e a Supremma Corte s'attreuvan inta çittæ capitale ma i doì rammi do Congresso son collocæ in contorni separæ.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Sri Lanka: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is designated the administrative capital and the location of the parliament, while the former capital, Colombo, is now designated as the "commercial capital".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sri Lanka: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte a l'é dexignâ comme capitale amministrativa e a collocaçion do Parlamento, tanto che a vegia capitale, Colombo, a l'é dexignâ oua comme «capitale commerçiale».
Translate to Genoese:
South Africa: The administrative capital is Pretoria, the legislative capital is Cape Town, and the judicial capital is Bloemfontein.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sud Africa: a capitale amministrativa a l'é Pretoria, a capitale legislativa a l'é Cape Town, e a capitale giuridica a l'é Bloemfontein.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Switzerland: Bern is the Federal City of Switzerland and functions as de facto capital.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Svissera: Berna a l'é a çittæ federale da Svissera e a fonsioña de facto comme capitale.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Also similar to Illinois and New York State, most statewide elected officials and officers who are based in Southeast Pennsylvania (City of Philadelphia, Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Chester County) prefer working mostly in Philadelphia.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Scimile ascì à l'Illinois e a-o stato de New York, i ciù tanti di fonçionäi elezzui inti grendi stati e i dependenti pubrichi che se basan into Sudest da Pennsylvania (çittæ de Filadelfia, Bucks County, Montgomery County, e Chester County) gh'é ciù cao travaggiâ sorvetutto à Filadelfia.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Israel and Palestine: Both the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim Jerusalem as their capital.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Isræle e Palestiña: segge o Goerno de Isræle che l'autoritæ palestineise reclamman Gerusalemme comme seu capitale.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
A symbolic relocation of a capital city to a geographically or demographically peripheral location may be for either economic or strategic reasons (sometimes known as a forward capital or spearhead capital).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna scimbòlica recollocaçion de unna çittæ capitale inte unna zöna geograficamente ò demograficamente de contorno a peu avvegnî ò pe de raxoin econòmiche ò strategiche (conosciua de vòtte comme capitale avansâ ò capitale færo de lansa).
Translate from English to Genoese:
The Ming emperors moved their capital to Beijing from the more central Nanjing to help supervise the border with the Mongols.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I Imperoei Ming an portou a seu capitale da Pechin a-a ciù çentrale Nanchin pe sorveggiâ ciù ben o confin co-i Mòngoli.
Translate to Ligurian:
Delhi finally became the colonial capital after the Coronation Durbar of King-Emperor George V in 1911, continuing as independent India's capital from 1947.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Delhi in sciâ fin a l'é vegnua à ëse a capitale coloniale dòppo o Reçeivimento pe l'Incoronaçion do Re-Imperou Zòrzo V do 1911, in continuâ comme capitale de l'India Independente da-o 1947.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Sometimes, the location of a new capital city was chosen to terminate actual or potential squabbling between various entities, such as in the cases of Canberra, Ottawa, Washington, Wellington and Managua.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Quarche vòtta, a collocaçion de unna neuva çittæ capitale a vegniva çernua pe mette fin a-a vea ò potensiâ rattella tra despæge entitæ, comme inti caxi de Canberra, Ottawa, Washington, Wellington e Managua.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
In the Three Kingdoms period, both Shu and Wu fell when their respective capitals of Chengdu and Jianye fell.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A-o tempo di Trei Regni, segge Shu che Wu en cheiti quande e seu respettive capitale Chengdu e Jianye en cheite.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
After the Qing dynasty's collapse, decentralization of authority and improved transportation and communication technologies allowed both the Chinese Nationalists and Chinese Communists to rapidly relocate capitals and keep their leadership structures intact during the great crisis of Japanese invasion.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Apreuvo o deruo da dinastia Qing, a deçentralizzaçion de l'autoritæ, o perfeçionamento di transpòrti e tecnologie de communicaçion an permisso segge a-i cineixi naçionalisti comme a-i cineixi communisti de recollocâ a-a lesta e capitale e mantegnî intatte e seu struttue de commando quande gh'ea a grande crixi de l'invaxon giaponeise.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O peu ëse definio comme un pòsto permanente e spessamente stabilio con di confin amministrativamente definii i membri di quæ travaggian primaiamente à di compiti no-agricoltuæ.
Translate to Genoese:
Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for global sustainability.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Istoricamente, i abitatoî de çittæ en stæti unna proporçion picciña de l'intrega umanitæ, ma apreuvo à doì secoli de urbanizzaçion lesta e sensa preçedenti, ciù da meitæ da popolaçion do mondo oua a vive inte çittæ, cösa ch'a l'à fonde conseguense inta sostegnibilitæ globâ
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
This increased influence means that cities also have significant influences on global issues, such as sustainable development, global warming and global health.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
St'influensa accresciua a veu dî che e çittæ gh'an ascì de influense scignificative in scî problemi globæ, comme o desviluppo sostegnibile, o rescädamento globâ e a sanitæ globâ.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Therefore, compact cities are often referred to as a crucial element of fighting climate change.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Donca, e çittæ compatte se conscidean de spesso un elemento cruçiâ pe scombatte o cangiamento climatico.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
For example, country capitals such as Beijing, London, Mexico City, Moscow, Nairobi, New Delhi, Paris, Rome, Athens, Seoul, Tokyo, and Washington, D.C. reflect the identity and apex of their respective nations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe exempio, e capitale da paixi comme Pechin, Londra, Çittæ do Mescico, Nairobi, Neuva Delhi, Pariggi, Romma, Atene, Seoul, Tokyo e Washington D.C. respegian l'identitæ e o mascimo de respettive naçioin.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
The city may be looked on as a story, a pattern of relations between human groups, a production and distribution space, a field of physical force, a set of linked decisions, or an arena of conflict.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A çittæ a peu ëse vista comme unna stöia, un modello de relaçioin tra gruppi umoen, un spaçio de produçion e distribuçion, un campo de fòrsa fixica, un insemme de deçixoin conligæ, ò un tiatro de lidde.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
National censuses use a variety of definitions - invoking factors such as population, population density, number of dwellings, economic function, and infrastructure - to classify populations as urban.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I çenscimenti naçionali deuvian unna varietæ de definiçioin – con reciammâse à di fattoî comme a popolaçion, denscitæ da popolaçion, numero de abitanti, fonçion econòmica, e infrastruttue – pe clascificâ e popolaçioin comme urbañe.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The mutual interdependence of town and country has one consequence so obvious that it is easily overlooked: at the global scale, cities are generally confined to areas capable of supporting a permanent agricultural population.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A reçiproca interdependensa de çittæ e campagna a gh'à unna conseguensa mai tanto òvvia ch'a vëgne trascuâ de lengê: in sce scaa globâ, e çittæ en pe commun confinæ à de aree boñe de comportâ unna permanente popolaçion agricoltuâ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
As cities grew in complexity, the major civic institutions, from seats of government to religious buildings, would also come to dominate these points of convergence.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Con ciù e çittæ cresceivan de complescitæ, e maggioî instituçioin çiviche, da-e sede do goerno a-i edifiçi religioxi, saieivan vegnue ascì à dominâ sti ponti de convergensa.
Translate to Genoese:
Physical environment generally constrains the form in which a city is built.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I contorni fixichi pe commun condiçioñan o modello into quæ a çittæ a l'é construta.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
And it may be set up for optimal defense given the surrounding landscape.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E o peu ëse fornio pe defeisa ottimale dæto o paisaggio d'in gio.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
This form could evolve from successive growth over a long time, with concentric traces of town walls and citadels marking older city boundaries.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sto modello o porrieiva evòlve da unn crescio consecutivo pe longo tempo, con trasse conçentriche de miage da çittæ e çittadelle che segnan i confin da çittæ ciù vegia.
Translate to Genoese:
In cities such as Moscow, this pattern is still clearly visible.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte de çittæ comme Mosca, sto modello chì o l'é ancon ciæamente vixibile.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
Excavations in these areas have found the ruins of cities geared variously towards trade, politics, or religion.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I scavi inte ste aree chì an attrovou e roiñe de çittæ variamente inandiæ verso commerçio, politica, ò religion.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
China's planned cities were constructed according to sacred principles to act as celestial microcosms.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E çittæ progettæ in Ciña ean construte segondo prinçipi sacri pe agî comme microcòximi çelestiæ.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
These sites appear planned in a highly regimented and stratified fashion, with a minimalistic grid of rooms for the workers and increasingly more elaborate housing available for higher classes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sti sciti chì pan progettæ à unna mainea ertamente regimentâ e stratificâ, con unna grixella minimalistica de stansie pe chi travaggia e da maniman allögi ciù elaboæ à dispoxiçion pe-e classe ciù erte.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In the following centuries, independent city-states of Greece, especially Athens, developed the polis, an association of male landowning citizens who collectively constituted the city.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inti secoli apreuvo, e çittæ-stato independenti da Grecia, sorvetutto Atene, an desgheuggeito a polis, unn'assoçiaçion de çittadin mascci propietäi de tære, che collettivamente constituivan a çittæ.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
Under the authority of its empire, Rome transformed and founded many cities (coloniae), and with them brought its principles of urban architecture, design, and society.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sotta l'autoritæ do seu impëio, Romma a l'à transformou e fondou un muggio de çittæ (coloniae), e con lô a l'à portou i seu prinçipi de architettua urbaña, design e soçietæ.
Translate to Genoese:
The Norte Chico civilization included as many as 30 major population centers in what is now the Norte Chico region of north-central coastal Peru.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A çivilizzaçion do Norde Chico a l'includdeiva quarcösa comme 30 maggioî çentri de popolaçion inte quella che oua a l'é a region do Norte Chico da costea nòrd-çentrale do Perù.
Translate from English to Genoese:
The locus of power in the West shifted to Constantinople and to the ascendant Islamic civilization with its major cities Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A sede do poei inte l'Oçidente a l'à stramuou à Constantinòpoli e a-a çivilizzaçion islamica in crescio co-e seu ciù grende çittæ Baghdad, Cairo, e Córdoba.
Translate to Ligurian:
By the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, some cities become powerful states, taking surrounding areas under their control or establishing extensive maritime empires.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Da-i secoli trezzen e quattorzen, çerte çittæ vëgnan à ëse stati potenti, che mettan aree d'in gio sotta o seu contròllo ò fondan esteixi impëi in sciô mâ.
Translate to Genoese:
Western Europe's larger capitals (London and Paris) benefited from the growth of commerce following the emergence of an Atlantic trade.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E ciù grende capitale de l'Euröpa ponentiña (Londra e Pariggi) an avuo benfiçio da-o crescio di traffeghi apreuvo à l'emergensa de un commerçio atlantico.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
England led the way as London became the capital of a world empire and cities across the country grew in locations strategic for manufacturing.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'Inghiltæra a mostra o cammin da quande Londra a l'é vegnua à ëse a capitale de un impëio mondiale e e çittæ da unna parte à l'atra do paise en cresciue inte de localitæ strategiche pe l'industria.
Translate to Ligurian:
Entrepreneurial leadership became manifest through growth coalitions made up of builders, realtors, developers, the media, government actors such as mayors, and dominant corporations.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A preminensa imprenditoriâ a l'é vegnua manifesta traverso coaliçioin pe-a produçion formæ da construttoî, agenti immobiliæ, desviluppatoî, i media, fonçionäi do goerno comme i scindachi, e corporaçioin dominanti.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Until the 18th century, an equilibrium existed between the rural agricultural population and towns featuring markets and small-scale manufacturing.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Fin a-o secolo XVIII, l’existeiva un equilibrio tra a popolaçion contadiña de campagne e e çittæ caratterizzæ da mercoei e industrie in sce scaa picciña.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
The cultural appeal of cities also plays a role in attracting residents.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L'attraçion coltuâ de çittæ a zeuga ascì un ròllo inte l'attiâ rescidenti.
Translate to Genoese:
Batam, Indonesia, Mogadishu, Somalia, Xiamen, China and Niamey, Niger, are considered among the world's fastest-growing cities, with annual growth rates of 5–8%.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Batam, Indonesia, Mogadiscio, Somalia, Xiamen, Ciña and Niamey, Niger, son tegnue tra e çittæ che crescian ciù a-a lesta into mondo, con di tasci de crescio annuale do 5–8%.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
A deep gulf divides rich and poor in these cities, with usually contain a super-wealthy elite living in gated communities and large masses of people living in substandard housing with inadequate infrastructure and otherwise poor conditions.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Un fondo abimmo o scompartisce mosci e pövei inte ste çittæ chì, che pe commun contëgnan unn'elite super-ricca ch'a vive inte de communitæ serræ e grende masse de gente ch'a vive inte de abitaçioin sotta o standard con infrastruttue inadeguæ e à tutte e mainee inte de pövie condiçioin.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Yet municipalities routinely enact sweeping by-laws directed at open ended (and ill-defined) offences such as loitering and obstruction, requiring permits for protests or requiring residents and homeowners to remove snow from the city's sidewalks."
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Escì e muniçipalitæ pe andio emañan de leze geneæ contra di reati averti (e mâ definii) comme o deslögiâ e l'ostruçion, con çercâ permissi pe-e proteste ò con domandâ a-i rescidenti e a-i propietäi de case d'arretiâ a neive da-i marciapê da çittæ».
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
These are provided more or less routinely, in a more or less equal fashion.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Ste cöse son fornie ciunimeno pe andio, inte unna mainea pöcassæ pægia.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
These production oriented criteria often give rise to "service deliver rules", regularized procedures for the delivery of services, which are attempts to codify the productivity goals of urban service bureaucracies.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sti critëi orientæ da-a produçion de spesso fan sciortî feua e «regole pe-a fornitua de servixi», proçedue regolarizzæ pe-a fornitua de servixi, che son tentativi de codificâ i traguardi da produttivitæ de burocraçie do servixo urban.
Translate to Genoese:
Robert L. Lineberry, "Mandating Urban Equality: The Distribution of Municipal Public Services"; in Hahn & Levine (1980).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Robert L. Lineberry, «Delegâ a Paritæ Urbaña: A distribuçion di Pubrichi Servixi Muniçipæ»; in Hahn & Levine (1980).