ConseggioLigure/seed-instruct-eng-lij huggingface dataset:
Translate from English to Genoese:
As of right now, scientists have no intention of trying to clone people and they believe their results should spark a wider discussion about the laws and regulations the world needs to regulate cloning.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe-o momento i scensiæ n’an nisciuña intençion de provâ à clonâ de persoñe e pensan che i resultati ch’an razzonto dovieivan arvî unna discuscion ciù esteisa in scê lezze e in scê regolaçioin de quæ o mondo o l’à beseugno à propòxito da clonaçion.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
While many of these views are religious in origin, the questions raised by cloning are faced by secular perspectives as well.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Anche ben che tante de ste opinioin an un fondo religoso, e domande ligæ a-a clonaçion en ligæ ascì à de prospettive laiche.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
These successes provided hope that similar techniques (using surrogate mothers of another species) might be used to clone extinct species.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sti succesci an portou a-a speransa che de tecniche comme queste (pe mezo de moæ surrogæ de atre speçie) pòssan ëse deuviæ pe-a clonaçion de speçie estinte.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
In 2002, geneticists at the Australian Museum announced that they had replicated DNA of the thylacine (Tasmanian tiger), at the time extinct for about 65 years, using polymerase chain reaction.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 2002 di genetisti che travaggiavan inte l’Australian Museum an annonçiou ch’ean riescii à replicâ o DNA do tilaçin (a tigre da Tasmania), che pe tempi o l’ea za estinto da 65 anni pöcassæ, deuviando unna reaçion à cadeña pe polimeraxi.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
In 2003, for the first time, an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex mentioned above was cloned, at the Centre of Food Technology and Research of Aragon, using the preserved frozen cell nucleus of the skin samples from 2001 and domestic goat egg-cells.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 2003, pe-a primma vòtta, unna bestia estinta (a crava sarvæga iberica stæta mensunâ chì in çimma) a l’é stæta clonâ a-o Çentro in scê tecnologie e in scê reçerche do cibbo d’Aragoña, deuviando o nucleo de çellole zeæ piggiou do 2001 da di tòcchi de pelle e da de çellole euvo da crava domestega.
Translate to Ligurian:
"Когда вернутся мамонты" ("When the Mammoths Return"), 5 February 2015 (retrieved 6 September 2015) Another problem is the survival of the reconstructed mammoth: ruminants rely on a symbiosis with specific microbiota in their stomachs for digestion.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
«Когда вернутся мамонты» («Quande torna i mammot»), 5 de frevâ do 2015; repropòsto a-i 6 de settembre do 2015. Un atro problema do mammot reconstruto: i ruminanti dependan da unna scimbioxi con di macrobiota speçifichi che s'attreuvan into seu steumago pe favorî a digestion.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Because of this, some posited she may have aged more quickly than other naturally born animals, as she died relatively early for a sheep at the age of six.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe sta raxon gh’é chi pensa ch’a pòsse ëse invegia ben ben ciù a-a spedia che atre bestie nasciue pe via naturale, da-o momento ch’a l’é mòrta à sëi anni, unn’etæ relativamente bassa pe unna pegoa.
Translate from English to Genoese:
However, early pregnancy loss and neonatal losses are still greater with cloning than natural conception or assisted reproduction (IVF).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
À tutti i mòddi, i abòrdi da primma fase da gravidansa e a mòrte de l’animâ stæto partorio son ancon ciù frequenti inta clonaçion che inta conçeçion naturale ò ascistia (IVF).
Translate from English to Genoese:
The concept of cloning, particularly human cloning, has featured a wide variety of science fiction works.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O conçetto de clonaçion, e ciù into detaggio a clonaçion umaña, a l’à portou à unna gran quantitæ d’euvie de fantasciensa.
Translate to Ligurian:
Many works depict the artificial creation of humans by a method of growing cells from a tissue or DNA sample; the replication may be instantaneous, or take place through slow growth of human embryos in artificial wombs.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tanti travaggi representan a creaçion artifiçiâ di òmmo con un metodo de crescio de çellole da un campion de tesciuo ò de DNA; a replicaçion a peu ëse istantanea ò avvegnî pe mezo de un crescio lento d’embrioin d’òmmo inte di uteri artifiçiæ.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Science fiction films such as The Matrix and Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones have featured scenes of human foetuses being cultured on an industrial scale in mechanical tanks.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di cini de fantasciensa comme The Matrix ò Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones an mostrou de scene de feti umoen allevæ in sce scâ industriale inte di contegnitoî meccanichi.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
A Number was adapted by Caryl Churchill for television, in a co-production between the BBC and HBO Films.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A Number o l’é stæto adattou pe-a televixon da Caryl Churchill, inte unna coproduçion tra a BBC e a HBO Film.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
She grew up always doubtful about the love from her mother, who looked nothing like her and who died nine years before.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A l’é cresciua con un sentimento de dubio in sce l’amô da parte de seu moæ, a-a quæ a no s’assomeggiava pe ninte e ch’a l’ea mòrta neuve anni avanti.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
In the 1976 Ira Levin novel The Boys from Brazil and its 1978 film adaptation, Josef Mengele uses cloning to create copies of Adolf Hitler.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into romano de Ira Levin do 1976 The Boys from Brazil e into seu adattamento pe-o cine do 1978, Josef Mengele a deuvia a clonaçion pe creâ de còpie de Adolf Hitler.
Translate from English to Genoese:
In Doctor Who, an alien race of armour-clad, warlike beings called Sontarans was introduced in the 1973 serial "The Time Warrior".
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte Doctor Who, unna razza aliena de creatue armæ e bellicose, ciammæ Sontarans, a l’é tæta introduta into serial do 1973 The Time Warrior.
Translate to Ligurian:
The concept of cloned soldiers being bred for combat was revisited in "The Doctor's Daughter" (2008), when the Doctor's DNA is used to create a female warrior called Jenny.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O conçetto de sordatti stæti clonæ e allevæ pe combatte o l’é stæto revixitou inte The Doctor’s Daughter (2008), quande o DNA do Dottô o vëgne deuviou pe creâ unna dònna guerrea à nomme Jenny.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The 2005 Kazuo Ishiguro novel Never Let Me Go and the 2010 film adaption are set in an alternate history in which cloned humans are created for the sole purpose of providing organ donations to naturally born humans, despite the fact that they are fully sentient and self-aware.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O romanso de Kazuo Ishiguro do 2005 Never Let Me Go e a seu adattaçion pe-o cine do 2010 en ambientæ inte unna stöia alternativa donde i òmmo clonæ vëgnan creæ co-o solo scöpo de fornî de donaçioin d’òrgani a-i òmmi nasciui normalmente, sciben che questi seggian do tutto sençienti e ch’aggian consapevolessa da seu existensa.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
In the futuristic novel Cloud Atlas and subsequent film, one of the story lines focuses on a genetically-engineered fabricant clone named Sonmi~451, one of millions raised in an artificial "wombtank", destined to serve from birth.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into romanso avvegniristico Cloud Atlas e into cine ch’o gh’é stæto cavou, uña de linie da stöia a se çentra in sce un clon fabricante geneticamente modificou à nomme Sonmi~451, un di tanti mioin stæti cresciui inte un wombtank artifiçiâ, destinou à fonçionâ fin da-a nascion do clon.
Translate to Genoese:
In the film Us, at some point prior to the 1980s, the US Government creates clones of every citizen of the United States with the intention of using them to control their original counterparts, akin to voodoo dolls.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into cine Us, ambientou no guæi avanti a-o comenso di anni ’80, o governo american o crea di clöni de tutti i çittadin di Stati Unii con l’intençion de deuviâli pe controllâ a seu controparte originâ, comme fïsan de bambòcce voodoo.
Translate to Ligurian:
In the present day, the clones launch a surprise attack and manage to complete a mass-genocide of their unaware counterparts.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Into presente, i cloin organizzan un attacco à sorpreisa e riëscian à completâ un genoçidio de massa de seu controparte, a-o scuo de tutto.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Genes have been transferred within the same species, across species (creating transgenic organisms), and even across kingdoms.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I geni en stæti trasferii drento da mæxima speçie, atraverso de speçie (co-a creaçion di organismo transgenichi) e fiña pe mezo di regni.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
Genetic engineers must isolate the gene they wish to insert into the host organism and combine it with other genetic elements, including a promoter and terminator region and often a selectable marker.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I inzegnê genetichi devan isolâ o gene che veuan inserî inte l’organismo òspite e combinâlo di atri elementi genetichi, compreiso un promotô e unna region terminatoa, e de spesso un marcatô da poei seleçionâ.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen made the first genetically modified organism in 1973, a bacterium resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1973 Herbert Boyer e Stanley Cohen an creou o primmo organismo geneticamente modificou, un battëio rexistente à l’antibiòtico kanamacina.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
The first genetically modified animal to be commercialized was the GloFish (2003) and the first genetically modified animal to be approved for food use was the AquAdvantage salmon in 2015.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O primmo animâ geneticamente modificou o l’é stæto o GloFish (2003) e o primmo animâ geneticamente modificou ch’o segge stæto approvou comme alimento o l’e stæto o sarmon AquAdvantage do 2015.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
There are proposals to remove the virulent genes from viruses to create vaccines.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Gh’é de propòste pe remeuve i geni virulenti da-i virus pe creâ de vacciñe.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
The majority are engineered for herbicide tolerance or insect resistance.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A ciù parte a l’é modificâ pe mezo de l’inzegneria pe rendila tollerante a-i erbicidi ò pe dâghe da rexistensa contra i insetti.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Animals are generally much harder to transform and the vast majority are still at the research stage.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe commun e bestie en ben ben ciù diffiçili da trasformâ e a ciù gran parte a l’é ancon a-o stadio de reçerca.
Translate to Ligurian:
Livestock is modified with the intention of improving economically important traits such as growth rate, quality of meat, milk composition, disease resistance, and survival.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E bestie da scheussa vëgnan modificæ con l’intençion de megioâ di tratti economicamente importanti comme o tasso de cresciansa, a qualitæ da carne, a compoxiçion do læte, a rexistensa a-e moutie e a sopravivensa.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Although human gene therapy is still relatively new, it has been used to treat genetic disorders such as severe combined immunodeficiency, and Leber's congenital amaurosis.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Sciben che a terapia genica umaña a l’é ancon relativamente neua, a l’é stæta deuviâ pe trattâ di desturbi genetichi comme l’immunodefiçensa combinâ grave e l’amauroxi congenita de Leber.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Other concerns are the objectivity and rigor of regulatory authorities, contamination of non-genetically modified food, control of the food supply, patenting of life and the use of intellectual property rights.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
De atre preoccupaçioin en l’obiettivitæ e o rigô de autoritæ de regolamentaçion, a contaminaçion di alimenti no geneticamente modificæ, o contròllo da fornitua d’alimenti, a brevettaçio da vitta e l’utilizzaçion di driti de propietæ intellettuale.
Translate from English to Ligurian:
Countries have adopted regulatory measures to deal with these concerns.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I paixi an adottou de mesue normative pe fâ fronte à ste preoccupaçioin.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
A broad definition of genetic engineering also includes selective breeding and other means of artificial selection.",
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna definiçion larga de inzegneria genetica a comprende ascì l’allevamento selettivo e atri mezi de seleçion artifiçiale.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
For example, the grain crop triticale was fully developed in a laboratory in 1930 using various techniques to alter its genome.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe dâ un exempio, a recuggeita do gran tritico o l’é stæto sviluppou do tutto in laboratöio do 1930 pe mezo de tecniche despæge pe alterâghe o genöma.
Translate to Ligurian:
Modern biotechnology is further defined as "In vitro nucleic acid techniques, including recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and direct injection of nucleic acid into cells or organelles, or fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family."
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A biotecnologia moderna a l’é ancon definia comme «Tecniche d’açido nucleico in vitro, compreiso l’açido desossiribonucleico (DNA) recombinante e l’inieçion diretta d’açido nucleico inte de çellole ò organelli, ò a fuxon de çellole a-o de là da famiggia tassonòmica».
Translate from English to Genoese:
The definitions focus on the process more than the product, which means there could be GMOS and non-GMOs with very similar genotypes and phenotypes.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E definiçioin se conçentran in sciô proçesso ciù che in sciô produto, cösa ch’a scignifica che porriæ ësighe di OGM e no OGM con di genotipi e fenotipi che s’assomeggian ben ben fra de liatri.
Translate to Ligurian (Genoese):
It also poses problems as new processes are developed.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O presenta ascì di problemi quande se sviluppa di neuvi proçesci.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
The gene is then combined with other genetic elements, including a promoter and terminator region and a selectable marker.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O gene dapeu o ve combinou con di atri elementi genetichi, tra i quæ unna region promotoa e terminatoa e un marcatô seleçionabile.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
DNA is generally inserted into animal cells using microinjection, where it can be injected through the cell's nuclear envelope directly into the nucleus, or through the use of viral vectors.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe commun o DNA o ven inserio inte çellole animale pe mezo da microinieçioin, donde o peu vegnî iniettou direttamente into nucleo pe mezo da sacca nucleare da çellola ò atraverso di vettoî virali.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In plants this is accomplished through tissue culture.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Inte ciante questo o ven realizzou pe mezo da coltua di tesciui.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Traditionally the new genetic material was inserted randomly within the host genome.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna vòtta o neuvo materiale genetico o vegniva inserio abrettio drento do genöma de l’òspite.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
There are four families of engineered nucleases: meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the Cas9-guideRNA system (adapted from CRISPR).
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Gh’é quattro famigge de nucleaxi inzegnerizzæ: meganucleaxi, nucleaxi à die de singo, nucleaxi alletaoe de trascriçion (TALEN) e o scistema Cas9-guideRNA (adattou da CRISPR).
Translate to Ligurian:
In 1972 Paul Berg created the first recombinant DNA molecule when he combined DNA from a monkey virus with that of the lambda virus.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1972 Paul Berg o l’à creou a primma molecola de DNA recombinante quand’o l’à combinou o DNA de un virus de scimia con quello do virus lamba.
Translate to Genoese:
The bacteria that had successfully incorporated the plasmid was then able to survive in the presence of kanamycin.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O battëio ch’o l’aiva incoropou con successo o plasmide dapeu o poeiva mantegnîse in vitta in presensa de kanamiciña.
Translate from English to Ligurian (Genoese dialect):
Mice with genes removed (termed a knockout mouse) were created in 1989.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di ratti con di geni rempossi (ciammæ ratti knockout) en stæti creæ do 1989.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
In 1983 the first genetically engineered plant was developed by Michael W. Bevan, Richard B. Flavell and Mary-Dell Chilton.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1983 a primma cianta modificâ geneticamente a l’é stæta sviluppâ da Michael W. Bevan, Richard B. Flavell e Mary-Dell Chilton.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
In 2000, Vitamin A-enriched golden rice was the first plant developed with increased nutrient value.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 2000, o riso indoou inricchio co-a vitamiña A a l’é stæta a primma cianta sviluppâ con un valô de nutriçion aumentou.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
The insulin produced by bacteria, branded humulin, was approved for release by the Food and Drug Administration in 1982.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
L’insuliña produta da-i battëi, ciammâ humulin, a l’é stæta approvâ pe-o relascio da-a Food and Drug Administration do 1982.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
In 1994 Calgene attained approval to commercially release the Flavr Savr tomato, the first genetically modified food.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 1994 Calgene a l’à ottegnuo l’approvaçion pe relasciâ in sciô mercou a tomata Favr Savr, o primmo alimento modificou geneticamente.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
In 2010, scientists at the J. Craig Venter Institute announced that they had created the first synthetic bacterial genome.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Do 2010 i scenisæ do J. Craig Venter Institute aivan annonçiou d’avei creo o primma genöma battëio scintetico de l’òmmo.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
It was released to the US market in 2003.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
O l’é stæto relasciou in sciô mercou di Stati Unii do 2003.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
Genes and other genetic information from a wide range of organisms can be added to a plasmid and inserted into bacteria for storage and modification.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Di geni e de atre informaçioin genetiche da unna larga gamma d’organismi peuan vegnî azzonti à un plasmide e inserii inti battëi pe vegnî conservæ e modificæ.
Translate to Ligurian:
A large number of custom plasmids make manipulating DNA extracted from bacteria relatively easy.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Unna gran quantitæ de plasmidi personalizzæ a rende relativamente façile a manipolaçion do DNA estræto da-i battëi.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Scientists can easily manipulate and combine genes within the bacteria to create novel or disrupted proteins and observe the effect this has on various molecular systems.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I scensiæ peuan manipolâ e combinâ i geni de lengê drento di battëi pe creâ de proteiñe neuve ò interrotte e osservâ l’effetto che st’operaçion a l’à in scî varri scistemi molecolari.
What’s the Ligurian translation of this sentence?
Bacteria have been used in the production of food for a long time, and specific strains have been developed and selected for that work on an industrial scale.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I battëi en stæti deuviæ pe longo tempo pe-a produçion d’alimenti e di çeppi speçifichi en stæti sviluppæ e seleçionæ pe sto travaggio in sce scâ industriale.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Most food-producing bacteria are lactic acid bacteria, and this is where the majority of research into genetically engineering food-producing bacteria has gone.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A ciù parte di battëi che produxan röba da mangiâ en di battëi de l’açido lattico, e l’é chì che l’é anæto a ciù parte da reçerca in sce l’inzegneria genetica di battëi che produxan da röba da mangiâ.
Translate this sentence to Ligurian:
The majority are produced in the US and even though regulations are in place to allow production in Europe, as of 2015 no food products derived from bacteria are currently available there.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
A ciù parte a ven produta inti Stati Unii e sciben ch’existe di regolarmenti pe permettine a produçion in Euröpa, da-o 2015 à ancheu no gh’é à dispoxiçion di produti alimentari derivæ da battëi.
Translate this sentence to Genoese:
The bacteria are then harvested and the desired protein purified from them.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I battëi dapeu vëgnan recuggeiti e a proteiña dexidiâ a ven purificâ.
Can you translate this text to Ligurian?
Many of these proteins are impossible or difficult to obtain via natural methods and they are less likely to be contaminated with pathogens, making them safer.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Tante de queste son impscibile ò diffiçile da ottegnî con di metodi naturali e an ciù pöche probabilitæ de vegnî contaminæ da di agenti patògeni, cösa ch’a ê rende ciù segue.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Ideas include altering gut bacteria so they destroy harmful bacteria, or using bacteria to replace or increase deficient enzymes or proteins.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
E idee comprendan l’alteraçion di battëi de l’intestin de mòddo da destrue i battëi grammi ò l’utilizzaçion di battëi pe sostituî ò accresce i enzimi ò e proteiñe carente.
Translate from English to Genoese:
Enabling the bacteria to form a colony could provide a more long-term solution, but could also raise safety concerns as interactions between bacteria and the human body are less well understood than with traditional drugs.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Permette a-i battëi de formâ unna colònia o porrieiva fornî unna soluçion ciù à longo raggio, ma o porrieiva ascì creâ di prblemi de seguessa, dæto che e interaçioin tra i battëi e o còrpo uman se conoscian ciù pöco à confronto co-e mëxiñe tradiçionale.
Translate to Ligurian:
For over a century bacteria have been used in agriculture.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Pe ciù de un secolo i battëi en stæti deuviæ inte l’agricoltua.
What’s the Genoese translation of this sentence?
With advances in genetic engineering, these bacteria have been manipulated for increased efficiency and expanded host range.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
Co-i progresci de l’inzegneria genetica, sti battëi en stæti manipolæ pe accrescine l’efficaçitæ e inlarghî a gamma de òspiti.
Translate to Ligurian:
Pseudomonas strains of bacteria cause frost damage by nucleating water into ice crystals around themselves.
The Ligurian (Genoese) translation is:
I çeppi di battëi Pseudomonas pròvocan di danni da-o zeo, nucleando l’ægua inte di cristalli de giassa in gio à liatri.