title: Euclid's theorem

text: In the penultimate sum every product of primes appears exactly once, and so the last equality is true by the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. In his first corollary to this result Euler denotes by a symbol similar to formula_6 the « absolute infinity » and writes that the infinite sum in the statement equals the « value » formula_7, to which the infinite product is thus also equal (in modern terminology this is equivalent to say that the partial sum up to formula_8 of the harmonic series diverges asymptotically like formula_9). Then in his second corollary Euler notes that the product


title: Euclid's theorem

text: converges to the finite value 2, and that there are consequently more primes than squares (« sequitur infinities plures esse numeros primos »). This proves Euclid Theorem.


title: Euclid's theorem

text: In the same paper (Theorem 19) Euler in fact used the above equality to prove a much stronger theorem that was unknown before him, namely that the series


title: Euclid's theorem

text: is divergent, where denotes the set of all prime numbers (Euler writes that the infinite sum formula_12, which in modern terminology is equivalent to say that the partial sum up to formula_8 of this series behaves asymptotically like formula_14).


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Paul Erdős gave a proof that also relies on the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Every positive integer has a unique factorization into a square-free number and a square number . For example, .


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Let be a positive integer, and let be the number of primes less than or equal to . Call those primes . Any positive integer which is less than or equal to can then be written in the form


title: Euclid's theorem

text: where each is either or . There are ways of forming the square-free part of . And can be at most , so . Thus, at most numbers can be written in this form. In other words,


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Or, rearranging, , the number of primes less than or equal to , is greater than or equal to . Since was arbitrary, can be as large as desired by choosing appropriately.


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Define a topology on the integers Z, called the evenly spaced integer topology, by declaring a subset "U" ⊆ Z to be an open set if and only if it is either the empty set, ∅, or it is a union of arithmetic sequences "S"("a", "b") (for "a" ≠ 0), where


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Then a contradiction follows from the property that a finite set of integers cannot be open and the property that the basis sets "S"("a", "b") are both open and closed, since


title: Euclid's theorem

text: cannot be closed because its complement is finite, but is closed since it is a finite union of closed sets.


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Let "p", ..., "p" be the smallest "N" primes. Then by the inclusion–exclusion principle, the number of positive integers less than or equal to "x" that are divisible by one of those primes is


title: Euclid's theorem

text: If no other primes than "p", ..., "p" exist, then the expression in (1) is equal to formula_22 and the expression in (2) is equal to 1, but clearly the expression in (3) is not equal to 1. Therefore, there must be more primes than  "p", ..., "p".


title: Euclid's theorem

text: In 2010, Junho Peter Whang published the following proof by contradiction. Let "k" be any positive integer. Then according to de Polignac's formula (actually due to Legendre)


title: Euclid's theorem

text: (the numerator of the fraction would grow singly exponentially while by Stirling's approximation the denominator grows more quickly than singly exponentially),


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Filip Saidak gave the following proof by construction, which does not use reductio ad absurdum or Euclid's lemma (that if a prime "p" divides "ab" then it must divide "a" or "b").


title: Euclid's theorem

text:
Since each natural number (> 1) has at least one prime factor, and two successive numbers "n" and ("n" + 1) have no factor in common, the product "n"("n" + 1) has more different prime factors than the number "n" itself.  So the chain of pronic numbers:
1×2 = 2 {2},    2×3 = 6 {2, 3},    6×7 = 42 {2, 3, 7},    42×43 = 1806 {2, 3, 7, 43},    1806×1807 = 3263442 {2, 3, 7, 43, 13, 139}, · · ·
provides a sequence of unlimited growing sets of primes.


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Suppose there were only "k" primes ("p", ..., "p"). By the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, any positive integer "n" could then be represented as


title: Euclid's theorem

text: where the non-negative integer exponents "e" together with the finite-sized list of primes are enough to reconstruct the number. Since formula_28 for all "i", it follows that formula_29 for all "i" (where formula_30 denotes the base-2 logarithm). This yields an encoding for "n" of the following size (using big O notation):


title: Euclid's theorem

text: This is a much more efficient encoding than representing "n" directly in binary, which takes formula_32 bits. An established result in lossless data compression states that one cannot generally compress "N" bits of information into fewer than "N" bits. The representation above violates this by far when "n" is large enough since formula_33. Therefore, the number of primes must not be finite.


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Dirichlet's theorem states that for any two positive coprime integers "a" and "d", there are infinitely many primes of the form "a" + "nd", where "n" is also a positive integer. In other words, there are infinitely many primes that are congruent to "a" modulo "d".


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Let be the prime-counting function that gives the number of primes less than or equal to , for any real number . The prime number theorem then states that is a good approximation to , in the sense that the limit of the "quotient" of the two functions and as increases without bound is 1:


title: Euclid's theorem

text: In number theory, Bertrand's postulate is a theorem stating that for any integer formula_37, there always exists at least one prime number such that


title: Euclid's theorem

text: Bertrand–Chebyshev theorem can also be stated as a relationship with formula_39, where formula_39 is the prime-counting function (number of primes less than or equal to formula_41):


title: Euclid's theorem

text: This statement was first conjectured in 1845 by Joseph Bertrand (1822–1900). Bertrand himself verified his statement for all numbers in the interval


title: Euclid's theorem

text: His conjecture was completely proved by Chebyshev (1821–1894) in 1852 and so the postulate is also called the Bertrand–Chebyshev theorem or Chebyshev's theorem.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Big Brother 12 is the twelfth season of the American reality television series "Big Brother". It is based upon the Netherlands series of the same name, which gained notoriety in 1999 and 2000. The series premiered on CBS on July 8, 2010 and lasted ten weeks until the live finale on September 15, 2010. The twelfth season saw a slight increase in ratings when compared to the past season of the series. The season premiered to a total of 7.35 million viewers, a slight increase from the previous season's launch and the highest for a premiere episode since "Big Brother 8". The season finale had a total of 7.89 million viewers, continuing to average slightly above the past season and the highest since the eight edition. In total, the series averaged 7.76 million viewers, higher than that of the previous two seasons and the highest since "Big Brother 5" in 2004. "Big Brother 12" was initially set to feature a total of 14 HouseGuests, though one HouseGuest left the show before entering the house and was not replaced. The series ended after 75 days, in which HouseGuest Hayden Moss was crowned the Winner, while Lane Elenburg was crowned the Runner-Up.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: "Big Brother 12" is produced by Endemol USA and Fly on the Wall Entertainment with Allison Grodner and Rich Meehan returning as executive producers. This season of the program was announced on September 10, 2009, five days before the season finale of "Big Brother 11". Casting for the program began during the final week of "Big Brother 11" with potential applicants submitting video tape submissions that were due by April 23, 2010. Open auditions began on March 27, 2010 in Los Angeles, California and continued across the nation in various cities including Chicago, Illinois; Washington, D.C.; Las Vegas, Nevada; and Columbus, Ohio. Applicants chosen to be a finalist went to Los Angeles, California, from which forty finalists were chosen. CBS warned people of unofficial casting companies charging a fee to audition for the show while casting ended on May 20, 2010. Executive producer Allison Grodner later stated "We're excited for the summer. [...] We're excited for a brand new cast of terrific competitors. And we do have that. There are personalities and backgrounds of people, types of people that we have not seen before in the Big Brother house, which is hard because we've been doing this now for 11, 12 seasons."


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: The 13 HouseGuests this season were competing for the main prize of $500,000. The winner of the series, determined by the previously evicted HouseGuests, would win the $500,000 prize, while the Runner-Up would receive a $50,000 prize. Other than the main prize, various luxuries and prizes were given out throughout the season.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: "Big Brother 12" was broadcast on CBS from July 8, 2010 to September 15, 2010. This season lasted a total of 75 days, an increase from the previous season. This season featured some changes to the schedule that was used in the previous edition, with episodes airing on Wednesday, Thursday, and Sunday each week. This is a change from the previous season, which aired on Tuesday instead of Wednesday. The Thursday episode, which aired at 8pm Eastern Time, featured the live eviction and subsequent Head of Household competition taking place. During the live eviction, the show was hosted by Julie Chen. The Sunday episode, which aired at 8pm Eastern Time, featured the food competition and nomination ceremony, as well as some highlights from the previous days. The Wednesday episode, which aired at 8pm Eastern Time, featured the Power of Veto competition and the Power of Veto ceremony, along with more highlights of recent events in the game. The series was broadcast on Global Television Network in Canada.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Much like the previous editions, the live feeds were also available again for this season. HouseGuests enter the house a few days before the premiere, and the feeds are not live for the first few days. They later go live after the broadcast of the launch episode. This season did see the return of the "" spin-off series, which aired on Showtime Too nightly from midnight to 3a.m. Eastern Time. The show served as a live feed into the house, and was edited only for slanderous statements and music copyrights. Much like the previous season, "Big Brother 12" is available for digital purchasing on iTunes and Amazon.com. "Big Brother" maintained an online platform with live subscription feeds from RealNetworks, a redesigned and relaunched website, online videos, full episodes, a fantasy game and segments on "Inside Dish with Ross Mathews". For the first time "Big Brother" launched two Twitter accounts; one featured updates from the production staff and one featured updates from the current Head of Household. Episodes of "Big Brother" continued to be streamed on CBS Mobile Channel on FLOTV. Mobile users were also able to interact and influence the show through SMS text messaging and, for the first time, a simulation game based on "Big Brother" was also available to mobile customers. New features included a video trivia game and the "Big Brother Ultimate Fan" contest where the winner was able to attend the season finale meet the HouseGuests.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: As with each season since "Big Brother 6", the program was filmed at CBS Studios in Studio City, California. The production team was located in the second story of the House which included the story department, audio department and the switchers and shaders. The house was equipped with 52 cameras and 95 microphones to record the participants. The art department that created the competitions for the program was located outside the house. The house theme was the beach and Miami. The living room featured blue and grey colored walling and furniture. The room that had featured a gym the previous season was now known as the "Cabana" room, and simply featured a large seating area. The bathroom in the house was colored in white, yellow, and brown, while yellow railing and plastic flamingos are featured by the stairs leading to the Head of Household room. There are various palm trees around the kitchen ceiling and the balcony at the Head of Household bedroom. The house included four bedrooms each varying in design and comfort. The Head of Household bedroom featured blue, purple, and white colors while the second bedroom was designed to be given the appearance of sunset. The third room initially used by the HouseGuests was later turned into the Have-Not room, which featured various bugs in jars with lawn chairs used as beds.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: The format remained largely unchanged from previous seasons. HouseGuests were sequestered in the Big Brother House with no contact to and from the outside world. Each week, the HouseGuests took part in several compulsory challenges that determined who would win food, luxuries, and power in the House. The winner of the Head of Household competition was immune from nominations and was instructed to nominate two fellow HouseGuests for eviction. After a HouseGuest became Head of Household he or she was ineligible to take part in the next Head of Household competition. HouseGuests also took part in Have vs. Have-Not competitions for which they would be divided into either the "Haves" or the "Have Nots" depending on their performance in the competitions. HouseGuests that became "Have Nots" for the week were only allowed to eat slop and a weekly food restriction, chosen by the viewing public, take cold showers, and sleep on lawn chairs. The winner of the Power of Veto competition won the right to save one of the nominated HouseGuests from eviction. If the Veto winner exercised the power, the Head of Household then had to nominate another HouseGuest for eviction.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: On eviction night all HouseGuests except for the Head of Household and the two nominees voted to evict one of the two nominees. Before the voting began the nominees had the chance to record a final message to their fellow HouseGuests. This compulsory vote was conducted in the privacy of the Diary Room by the host Julie Chen. In the event of a tie, the Head of Household would break the tie and reveal their vote in front of the other HouseGuests. Unlike other versions of "Big Brother", the HouseGuests could discuss the nomination and eviction process open and freely. The nominee with the most votes from the other HouseGuests was evicted from the House on Thursday and interviewed by Julie Chen. HouseGuests could voluntarily leave the House at any time and those who broke the rules were expelled by Big Brother. The last seven evictees of the season, known as the jury members, voted for the winner on the season finale. The jury members were sequestered in a separate house and were not allowed to watch the show except for segments that included all of the HouseGuests. The jury members were not shown any Diary Room interviews or any footage that included strategy or details regarding nominations.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Fourteen HouseGuests had been cast for this season, but one, Paola Aviles, a 30-year-old real estate agent, voluntarily left during the sequester period and was not replaced. The HouseGuests entered the House on July 3, 2010.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Brendon Villegas and Rachel Reilly returned for "Big Brother 13" in 2011. While engaged, the duo competed on "The Amazing Race 20", and after marrying, they returned for "The Amazing Race 24". Rachel later returned for "The Amazing Race 31" with her sister (and "Big Brother 15" HouseGuest) Elissa. Rachel also made guest appearances on "Big Brother 20" to host a Veto competition.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Britney Haynes returned for "Big Brother 14" in 2012 as a coach to new HouseGuests. Britney also competed on "The Amazing Race 31" with fellow "Big Brother 14" Housemate, Janelle Pierzina.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: In 2020, Enzo Palumbo returned to compete on "Big Brother: All-Stars". In 2022, Palumbo competed on "". During that year, Rachel appeared as a contestant on the USA Network reality competition series, "Snake in the Grass".


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: On Day 1, the original thirteen HouseGuests entered the house. Following their introductions, the HouseGuests all learned of the Saboteur twist, in which one HouseGuest was in the house solely to cause drama amongst the group, and could target an individual HouseGuest or the group as a whole. If the Saboteur can make it past the fifth week, they will earn a $50,000 prize and will immediately leave the game. The Saboteur would play the game much like their fellow HouseGuests, being eligible to win Head of Household as well as the Power of Veto. Following this news, the HouseGuests divided into two teams of six to compete in their first Head of Household competition; due to the uneven number of HouseGuests, Andrew chose to sit out from the competition, and it was later revealed that he had earned immunity from the first eviction for doing so. HouseGuests then competed in the "Hot Dog, We Have a Wiener" Head of Household competition. For this competition, one member from each team would ride an over-sized hot dog wiener across the backyard in an attempt to reach the other side without falling; the HouseGuests would earn money depending on when they made it across, with the first HouseGuest receiving $10,000 and the amount decreasing with each person. The HouseGuests could only keep the money if their team won the competition. The last HouseGuest to make it across for their team would win the title of Head of Household. Hayden became the first Head of Household of the season, while Monet was the winner of the $10,000 prize. Upon returning inside, the lights in the house were shut off, and when they were turned back on it was revealed that the Saboteur had locked the storage room, meaning the HouseGuests had nothing except for slop to eat for the next few days.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: On Day 2, Enzo, Hayden, Lane, and Matt formed "The Brigade" alliance, with the goal of being the last four HouseGuests remaining. Brendon and Rachel formed a romantic relationship early on after learning they both had a background in science. On Day 4, HouseGuests competed in the "Sweet Tooth" food competition. For this competition, HouseGuests split into three teams, with one member from each team participating at a time. The participants were required to crawl through caramel to reach a pool of popcorn where they would search for plastic teeth; the first two teams to find eight teeth would win, while the losing team would be the Have-Nots for the week. The team of Kathy, Matt, Rachel, and Ragan were the Have-Nots for the week. The Brigade alliance decided to target Brendon for eviction, fearing that he may be the Saboteur as well as a strong physical threat. The group also debated nominating Rachel for eviction due to her romantic relationship with Brendon. Despite this, the Saboteur later placed an "X" of tape on both Britney and Kathy's Memory Wall images after an argument between the two of them occurred, implying they should be nominated that week. On Day 5, Hayden chose to nominate Brendon and Rachel for eviction. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Andrew, Enzo, and Monet were selected to compete; Annie was selected to host. On Day 7, HouseGuests competed in the "Cinco de Mayonnaise" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to break open various mayonnaise filled pinatas, with various letter tiles inside of them. The HouseGuests would collect tiles and attempt to spell a word with their collected tiles; the HouseGuest with the longest correctly spelled word would win the Power of Veto. Brendon was the winner of the Power of Veto. Following this, The Brigade alliance debated nominating Kathy in his place in an attempt to ensure Rachel's eviction, however, they later feared that Annie had formed an alliance with Brendon and Rachel. In an attempt to cause paranoia in the house, the Saboteur later made a message stating that two HouseGuests were lifelong friends who were playing the game together; this was not true. Annie later found out that she was a candidate to be nominated, and attempted to convince Hayden to nominate Britney for eviction instead. On Day 9, Brendon chose to use the Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, with Annie being nominated in his place. On Day 13, Annie became the first HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of ten to zero.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Annie's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Majority Rules" Head of Household competition. For this competition, the HouseGuests were asked a series of questions about which of two HouseGuests would adhere to certain situations. The object was not to base the answer on personal opinions, but how they thought the majority would answer. The minority of the voters were eliminated each round; if there was a tie, none of the HouseGuests would be eliminated. Rachel was the winner. On Day 14, HouseGuests competed in the "BB Stick 'em Up" food competition. For this competition, HouseGuests split into three teams and taped one of their team members to a wall with the goal of being the last team to have their player on the wall; the winners of the competition would select one team to be the Have-Nots for the week. The other teams could spray water at their opponents, thus causing them to fall sooner. Brendon, Britney, Enzo, and Monet were the Have-Nots for the week. Shortly following the competition, the HouseGuests learned that Annie had been the Saboteur in a video message. Later that day, Rachel chose to nominate Britney and Monet for eviction, with Monet being her main target for eviction. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Brendon, Lane, and Enzo were selected to compete; Ragan was selected to host. On Day 15, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Stockades" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests were positioned in a stockade while holding onto a briefcase. The goal of the competition was to drop their briefcase closest to the one-hour mark without going over; the HouseGuest who is closest to one hour without going over would be the winner. Britney was the winner of the Power of Veto. Though Britney and Monet attempted to convince Rachel to nominate Andrew, Matt later offered to go up as a pawn to ensure Monet's eviction. On Day 17, Britney chose to use the Power of Veto to remove herself from the block, with Matt being nominated in her place. On Day 20, Monet became the second HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a vote of seven to two.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Monet's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Hang Ten" endurance Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests stood atop surfboards that would continuously go into and out of the wall. The first five HouseGuests to be eliminated would earn food for the week, while the last four to be eliminated were the Have-Nots for the week. Matt was the winner, while Andrew, Brendon, Enzo, and Ragan were the Have-Nots for the week. Soon after his win, Matt's Brigade alliance began pressuring him to nominate Brendon and Rachel for eviction, however, Matt was upset with Kathy for voting against him the previous week. Matt later made a deal with Brendon and Rachel to keep them safe, with the two promising Matt safety should they win Head of Household the following week. On Day 21, Matt chose to nominate Andrew and Kathy for eviction, though he claimed he would backdoor Brendon should the Power of Veto be used. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Brendon, Lane, and Rachel were selected to compete; Enzo was selected to host. On Day 22, HouseGuests competed in the "Veto of Fortune" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to determine the quantity of an object used to make an object. Each round, HouseGuests could either stay or fold; folding would allow them to continue in the game, but could not get a point whereas the HouseGuest with the answer closest to the correct one would earn a point, though the farthest was eliminated. Brendon was the winner of the Power of Veto. In an attempt to convince the HouseGuests that Andrew was against Brendon and Rachel, Andrew and Brendon devised a plan to have Andrew announce that he was targeting Brendon and Rachel during the Power of Veto ceremony. On Day 23, Brendon chose not to use the Power of Veto on either nominee. On Day 27, Andrew revealed moments before voting began that Hayden and Kristen had a romantic relationship, causing much drama in the house. Minutes later, Andrew became the third HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of eight to zero.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Andrew's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "BB Knockout" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests faced off two at a time and were asked questions about past competitions played this season; the winner of each round would select the next two HouseGuests to face off, with the last HouseGuest remaining being the winner. Rachel was the winner. Following her win, Rachel and Kristen engaged in numerous arguments with one another, with Hayden and Brendon also getting involved. On Day 28, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Cop Course" luxury competition. For this competition, HouseGuests split into three teams and attempted to complete an obstacle course in the fastest time while inside a plastic police car. The winning team, along with Rachel, would earn the right to watch the film "The Other Guys". Brendon, Enzo, and Hayden were the winning team. Later that day, Rachel chose to nominate Hayden and Kristen for eviction. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Britney, Enzo, and Ragan were selected to compete; Brendon was selected to host. On Day 29, HouseGuests competed in "The Wizards of Pinball" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests shot a pinball in an attempt to make it land in the center of the playing field; the HouseGuest furthest away each round was eliminated. Whenever a HouseGuest was eliminated they earned a prize, however, a HouseGuest who is eliminated after them can take that prize. Britney was the winner of the Power of Veto. Following this, Britney made a deal to take Hayden off the block if he could convince Rachel to nominate Kathy in his place. Despite Rachel initially agreeing to this, she later told Britney she would nominate Lane if the Power of Veto was used; Britney, who was close to Lane, later became torn on the situation. On Day 31, Britney chose not to use the Power of Veto on either nominee. When Hayden told Kristen he would not campaign against her, she began to realize that he had an alliance with the other men in the house. She later attempted to get Britney and Ragan on her side and turn against the male alliance, however, they weren't sure if the alliance really existed or not. On Day 34, Kristen became the fourth HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a vote of six to one.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Kristen's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "True Colors" endurance Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests stood on an over-sized paint can while holding onto railing on the sides in an attempt to be the last one remaining on the can. The first HouseGuest to drop from the competition would be the only Have-Not for the week. Matt was the winner, while Kathy became the Have-Not for the week. On Day 35, Matt was given the opportunity to open Pandora's Box; he chose to open it. He was awarded with the Diamond Power of Veto, which he could use during a live eviction to remove one nominated HouseGuest from the block as well as name the replacement nominee. Due to Matt opening the box, however, it was revealed to the HouseGuests that a new Saboteur was in the game, with the viewers deciding who the new Saboteur should be; Ragan was selected. Unlike Annie, the new Saboteur would earn $20,000 for completing two weeks worth of sabotage and would not be removed from the game. Matt later lied to his fellow HouseGuests, claiming he had only won a dollar while inside Pandora's Box. Later that day, Matt chose to nominate Brendon and Rachel for eviction. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Britney, Enzo, and Kathy were selected to compete; Ragan, who won a Veto Ticket in the previous Power of Veto competition, was also able to compete. On Day 36, HouseGuests competed in the "Lovers Lane" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, former HouseGuests Jordan Lloyd and Jeff Schroeder returned as hosts. One HouseGuests would attempt to knock down as many pins as possible within forty-five seconds, and then challenge one HouseGuest to challenge; if the challenged HouseGuest does better than their challenger, then the challenger is eliminated. Britney was the winner of the Power of Veto. Rachel, in an attempt to get Britney to use the Power of Veto, offered Britney the $5,000 Rachel had won in the previous Power of Veto competition; Rachel believed that if Kathy was nominated against Brendon then Kathy would be evicted. Britney denied to do so, telling Rachel that all of the HouseGuests were against Brendon and Rachel, thus using the Power of Veto would be pointless. On Day 38, Britney chose not to use the Power of Veto on either nominee. Brendon later engaged in numerous arguments with his fellow HouseGuests in an attempt to convince them to evict him over Rachel. On Day 41, Rachel became the fifth HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of six to zero. She became the first member of the Jury of Seven.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Rachel's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Oh What a Tangled Web" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests attempted to be the first to fully untangle their rope from various obstacles. The winner of the competition would also select three HouseGuests to be Have-Nots for the week. Brendon was the winner, and chose Britney, Matt, and Ragan to be the Have-Nots for the week. In an attempt to protect himself for the following week, Brendon made a deal with Britney that she would keep him safe should she win Head of Household in exchange for safety this week; she agreed to this deal. On Day 42, Brendon chose to nominate Ragan and Lane for eviction, with Ragan being his main target. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Enzo, Hayden, and Kathy were selected to compete. On Day 43, HouseGuests competed in the "Zingbot 3000" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, a robot known as the Zingbot 3000 entered the house to host the competition, which required HouseGuests to travel back and forth on a platform in an attempt to solve a puzzle; the first HouseGuest to sole the puzzle would win the Power of Veto. Ragan was the winner of the Power of Veto. Later that day, Brendon was given the opportunity to open Pandora's Box; he chose to open it. He learned that he would leave the house for twenty-four hours for a spa vacation, where he believed Rachel would be as well; while he was gone, Rachel entered the house for twenty-four hours. During her time in the house, Rachel engaged in numerous arguments with Ragan, and later attempted to communicate with Brendon by spelling "Matt" out with pretzels, implying he should be nominated. On Day 44, Rachel left the house and Brendon returned. On Day 45, Ragan chose to use the Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, with Matt being nominated in his place. On Day 48, Matt chose to use the Diamond Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, nominating Kathy in his place. Minutes later, Kathy became the sixth HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of five to zero. She became the second member of the Jury of Seven.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Kathy's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Says" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests were asked true or false questions about a game of "Simon Says" the group had played the previous day; an incorrect answer resulted in elimination, and the last HouseGuest remaining was the winner. Britney was the winner. On Day 49, HouseGuests competed in "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly" food competition. For this competition, HouseGuests competed in teams and all three members took a drink, one of which tasted bad. If the other team could correctly guess which HouseGuest had taken the bad shot, they would earn a point, and the team with the most points would win. The team of Brendon, Enzo, and Hayden became the Have-Nots for the week. Despite having previously promised him safety the previous week, Britney later debated nominating Brendon for eviction. Matt later urged her to nominate Enzo as a pawn against Brendon, though the other members of The Brigade hoped to see Matt nominated as a pawn. Later that day, Britney chose to nominate Brendon and Enzo for eviction. When picking players for the Power of Veto competition, Hayden, Lane, and Matt were selected to compete; Ragan was the host. On Day 50, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Zoo" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests would accept punishments in exchange for Veto points, and could accept prizes in exchange for Veto points; the HouseGuest with the most Veto points would be the winner. Brendon was the winner. Later that day, Britney was given the opportunity to open Pandora's Box; she chose to open it. While she was locked inside with former HouseGuest Jessie Godderz, the other HouseGuests earned a party in the backyard. On Day 52, Brendon chose to use the Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, with Matt being nominated in his place. On Day 55, Matt became the seventh HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of four to zero. HouseGuests then took part in a surprise Double Eviction week, meaning another HouseGuest would be evicted that night. HouseGuests competed in the "Delivering the Goods" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to search through packaging peanuts in an attempt to find the names of the two specific HouseGuests. Hayden was the winner. Hayden then chose to nominate Brendon and Ragan for eviction. HouseGuests then competed in the "Before or After" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to determine whether one event happened before or after another by stepping up or down on a staircase. Ragan was the winner. Ragan chose to use the Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, with Britney being nominated in his place. Brendon then became the eighth HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of three to zero. He became the fourth member of the Jury of Seven.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Matt and Brendon's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Blackjack" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests were given two cards totaling twenty-one and attempted to make their ball land on the grid area with the given cards. The HouseGuest who is the least successful each round is eliminated, with the last HouseGuest remaining winning. Lane was the winner. Ragan, who had come to realize that Enzo, Hayden, and Lane were in an alliance, feared for his safety. Lane was later given the opportunity to open Pandora's Box; he chose to open it. He was able to select three cash prizes, however, for each prize he took a punishment would be placed on the HouseGuests. The punishments bestowed upon the house saw the removal of all of the silverware and cups in the house, speak only with sock puppets for twelve hours, and having to dance whenever music was played in the house. On Day 56, Lane chose to nominate Enzo and Ragan for eviction, with the goal of evicting Ragan. On Day 57, HouseGuests competed in the "Otev the Broadway Clam" Power of Veto competition. For this competition, Otev would sing a song about two HouseGuests and the competing HouseGuests attempt to find a CD named after the two HouseGuests. The last HouseGuest to find the CD each round was eliminated, with the last remaining HouseGuest being the winner. Enzo was the winner. On Day 59, Enzo chose to use the Power of Veto to remove himself from the block, with Hayden being nominated in his place. Lane's decision to not nominate Britney led to Enzo and Hayden being upset with him, though the Brigade still remained intact. Lane also spoke about secretly considering taking Britney to the Final 2 with him if he could, due to his growing bond with her, and also fearing his close friend Hayden would be much more difficult to get the jury votes to defeat. On Day 62, Ragan became the ninth HouseGuest to be evicted from the house in a unanimous vote of two to zero. He became the fifth member of the Jury of Seven.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Ragan's eviction, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Christmas" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to maneuver Christmas ornaments into cups using only their fingers through a fence. The first HouseGuest to get all of their ornaments in the cups, which form the shape of a Christmas tree, and get their star to the top would be the winner. Hayden was the winner. On Day 63, HouseGuests competed in the "Hide and Seek" luxury competition. For this competition, HouseGuests entered the house one at a time and were given ninety seconds to hide their individual coin anywhere in the house. Following this, the HouseGuests searched the house in an attempt to find the other coins; the HouseGuest with the last coin found would win a $10,000 prize. Britney was the winner. Later that day, Hayden chose to nominate Britney and Lane for eviction, largely due to their growing bond and since they would probably not eliminate the other. On Day 64, HouseGuests competed in the "Big Brother Marque" final Power of Veto competition. For this competition, HouseGuests were given various movie posters with the faces of two previously evicted HouseGuests on each of them; there were two facts listed on the board, and the HouseGuests had to match the movie poster with the two HouseGuests described with the facts; there was only one correct order, and the first HouseGuest to finish would be the winner. Hayden was the winner of the final Power of Veto. Following this win, it ensured that Britney would be evicted and that The Brigade would be the final remaining HouseGuests. This led to the Brigade alliance telling Britney that they were aligned and that she would be evicted that week, leading to her breaking down crying. On Day 67, Hayden chose not to use the Power of Veto on either nominee. Minutes later, Enzo cast the sole vote to evict Britney from the house. She became the sixth member of the Jury of Seven.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Following Britney's eviction, HouseGuests began competing in the "Rumble In the Big Brother Jungle" Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests attempted to be the last one remaining on their swing while being slammed into a wall. Hayden was the winner, thus advancing to the third and final round. Enzo and Lane later competed in the "It's Alive" competition. For this competition, HouseGuests had to correctly figure out which two faces of the HouseGuests made up a set of alien faces. The HouseGuest who finished the competition in the fastest amount of time was the winner. Lane was the winner. On Day 75, Hayden and Lane competed live in the "Jury Statements" final Head of Household competition. For this competition, HouseGuests were asked to finish a sentence made by one of the six members of the Jury of Seven. The HouseGuest with the most points would be the winner. Following a tie-breaker question, Hayden became the final Head of Household of the season. Minutes later, Hayden cast the sole vote to evict Enzo, making Hayden and Lane the Final Two. Hayden was then crowned the winner of "Big Brother 12" in a vote of four to three.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: The season premiere of "Big Brother 12", which aired on CBS on July 8, attracted 7.35 million viewers, with a 2.4 rating in adults 18-49. The ratings were mixed in its timeslot, with its nearest competition, a new episode of "Wipeout" (another Endemol USA production) on ABC placing first in viewers with 7.9 million viewers. "Big Brother 12" was first in total households with a 4.4/8 compared to "Wipeout"'s 4.3/8 and was first in adults 18-34. Both shows tied in the adults 18-49 and adults 25-54 demographics with a 2.4/9 and a 2.9/9 respectively. When compared to the season premiere of "Big Brother 11" viewers were up 11%, adults 18-34 posted a 17% increase while both adults 18-49 and adults 25-54 were up 4%.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: Big Brother 12 has experienced ratings growth versus season 11 in viewership and adults 18-49 for every episode. Episode 22 reached multiple season highs while episode 21 saw the highest adults 18-34 rating since 2007. For the season, Big Brother 12 averaged 7.31 million viewers, a substantial increase over the season 11 average of 6.86 million viewers.


title: Big Brother 12 (American season)

text: "Rating" is the estimated percentage of all televisions tuned to the show, and "share" is the percentage of all televisions "in use" that are tuned in. "Viewers" is the estimated number viewers that watched a program either while it was broadcast or watched via DVR on the same day the program was broadcast.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The Boten–Vientiane railway is the Lao section of the Lao–China Railway (LCR), running between the capital Vientiane and the northern town of Boten on the border with Yunnan, China. The line was officially opened on 3 December 2021.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: A collaboration project between Laos and China, the line's northern end is directly connected to the Chinese rail system at Mohan in Yunnan, through the Yuxi–Mohan railway, and has provisions in the south to link with the Bangkok–Nong Khai high-speed railway in Thailand and possibly all the way to Singapore via HSR. The railway ends at Vientiane South cargo station. The Boten–Vientiane railway is an integral section of the central line on the Kunming–Singapore railway, and was constructed as part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, which gives it a competitive disadvantage in trade. During the French rule, the French failed to materialize a possible plan to build a railway in Laos, with only the 7 km Don Det–Don Khon railway being completed. A railway link through Laos would greatly reduce cargo transit times and transportation costs between Laos and China.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The first talks about the railway linking Laos and China began in 2001, with Laotian and Chinese politicians both having confirmed the plans in 2009. Lao politician of Chinese descent Somsavat Lengsavad was reportedly the driving force behind the project on the Laotian side. The project initially stalled in the wake of the corruption scandal of China's minister of railways Liu Zhijun in 2011, but negotiations continued and by 2015 a revised plan was agreed upon in which both countries would jointly finance and operate the railway under a build-operate-transfer arrangement. Construction work worth US$1.2 billion was awarded to the China Railway Group in September 2015.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: Construction began at Luang Prabang on 25 December 2016. At the end of 2017, the construction phase was 20% completed, and in September 2019 progress was reported as 80% completed. Unexploded bombs that have been dropped during the Vietnam War would also be removed along the route.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: , Chinese state media reported that the US$6 billion project was 90% done. Work crews started laying track in Laos in March 2020, five years after breaking ground. With all of the many dozen tunnels and bridges completed, cargo service was scheduled to start from December 2021. In April 2021 the northernmost section in Luang Namtha Province was 97% complete. Track laying of the last started section in Oudomxay Province, would be completed in May, leaving the project well on track for a 2021 opening. Track-laying was officially completed on 12 October 2021. The first EMU was delivered to Vientiane on 16 October 2021, and the line opened on 3 December 2021, a day after the 46th anniversary of the Lao PDR.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The railway is expected to boost tourism, with passenger traffic to account for the majority of traffic on the line. The Thai province of Nong Khai is also expected to gain more visitors through the railway, as well as fruit exports from Thailand to China benefiting from reduced transportation costs.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: Since the line uses a different rail gauge from the existing Thai Northeastern Line link from Bangkok to Thanaleng, running into Thailand is not yet possible for passenger, while cargo transhipment yard is completely between Thai-laos meter gauge railway and Standard gauge railway in July 2022. However, the Vientiane end of the line will eventually cross the Mekong River on a new bridge to meet up with the Bangkok–Nong Khai high-speed railway once its completed, making the connection.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The cost of the project is estimated at US$5.965 billion or RMB 37.425 billion. The railway is funded by 60% of debt financing ($3.6 billion) from the Export-Import Bank of China and the remaining 40% ($2.4 billion) is funded by a joint venture company between the two countries. China holds 70% of the stake of the company. Of the rest of the stake, Lao government disburses $250 million from its national budget and borrows $480 million further from the Export-Import Bank of China. It is the most expensive and largest project to be constructed in Laos as of 2021.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The cost of the railway has contributed to a US$480 million increase in Lao debt to the Chinese Export Import Bank. Western publications subsequently claimed that Laos could end up falling into a default on its debts. In 2019, the Australian think-tank Lowy Institute estimated Laos' debt to China at 45 per cent of its GDP. In 2020, American credit agency Fitch Ratings assigned Laos a 'CCC' credit rating, stating that the country has "excessive debt".


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The Boten–Vientiane railway (also known as China-Laos Railway) has transported over 1 million passengers and 500,000 tonnes of cargo since it was launched in December 2021, according to the transport authorities of southwest China's Yunnan Province.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: 47% of the railway is spanned over 75 tunnels and 15% is set on viaducts spread over 167 bridges. Vientiane railway station, the largest station on the railway, is situated in Xay Village in Xaythany District and consists of four platforms with seven track lines and two additional platforms with three lines reserved; it is expected to connect with other railway lines planned for Laos. The station can accommodate up to 2,500 passengers with a total area of 14,543 square metres.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The railway is built on a single track with passing loops and is electrified to China's Class I trunk railway standards, suitable for 160 km/h passenger and 120 km/h freight trains, making Laos the first country to connect to the Chinese railway network using Chinese technology.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: On 4 December 2021, a day after opening the China–Laos railway, the "Vientiane Logistics Park", one of a total of nine logistics centres in Laos, was officially opened by Prime Minister Phankham Viphavanh at Thanaleng.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: 32 stations are planned along the line, of which 21 stations were initially constructed including 10 passenger stations and 11 cargo stations:


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: On 2022-Oct-09 it was announced, that an additional C92/C91 train will be in service from 2022-Oct-13, increasing the daily service to eight passenger trains:


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: As per June 2022, ticket prices in 1000 KIP are for 1st class (in red) / 2nd class (green) / Ordinary train (blue):


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: Radio Free Asia reported in October 2021 that some Lao villagers displaced from their land by the line's construction complained that they had still not received compensation.


title: Boten–Vientiane railway

text: The railway only allows ticket purchases three days in advance and online sales are not currently available. This has resulted in extremely long lines at ticket offices and express trains often sell out the day ticket sales open.


Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison (titled Orange Is the New Black: My Time in a Women's Prison in some editions) is a 2010 memoir by American author Piper Kerman, which tells the story of her money laundering and drug trafficking conviction and subsequent year spent in a federal women's prison.


title: Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison

text: The memoir details the events which occur as a result of Piper Kerman's involvement with Nora Jansen (Catherine Cleary Wolters in real life), a former friend, lover and drug smuggler. In 1993, shortly after her graduation from Smith College, Kerman agreed to accompany Jansen on several trips to Asia and Europe, going as far as carrying a suitcase of laundered money across the Atlantic Ocean before returning to San Francisco to "piece her life back together". In May 1998, Kerman was visited by two Customs agents and six years later she was sentenced to 15 months in federal prison. After serving time in three different facilities (FCI Danbury, FTC Oklahoma City, and MCC Chicago), Kerman was released in March 2005.


text: The title is based on the snowclone "the new black", and on the fact that in the United States, prisoners are thought to wear orange prison uniforms.


text: Sasha Abramsky of the "Columbia Journalism Review" stated that the book "documents the author’s attempts to preserve her individuality in the face of a gray, impersonal bureaucracy—one prisoner counts, strip searches, rules governing the minutiae of life, and continual reminders that prisoners, by definition, have no power, no real autonomy." Abramsky wrote that the book is mostly "a journey of self-discovery, describing how one can find one’s true strengths during moments of adversity" and that it "is more similar to South African anti-apartheid activist Albie Sachs's "Jail Diary" than it is to, say, Mumia Abu-Jamal’s denunciatory communiqués from Pennsylvania’s death row."


text: In her review for "Slate", Jessica Grose argued that the book is not an examination of women within prison, but rather belongs to the middle-class-transgression genre, in which women from more privileged social classes go into situations which are considered degrading. She said that the book should have included Kerman's insight into her own behavior and "a bit of this moral ambiguity would have helped Kerman's memoir a whole lot." June Thomas, also from "Slate", cited Grose's review and added that "ultimately, though, the book feels like a well-written, readable stage in Kerman’s rehabilitation." Thomas stated that the television show had improved on the book by expanding on Kerman's descriptions of real people and turning them into compelling fictional characters.


text: Writing in the "Journal-Advocate", Tricia Ketchum called the book "not your typical 'I survived prison memoir', referring to Kerman as "spoiled" as she received multiple care packages and money into her commissary. Ketchum concludes, "The best part of this book is the message that it leaves you with: No matter what choices you make, you never realize just how much they will impact the lives of those around you until it is too late."


text: The book was selected by the UC Santa Barbara Library as its 2015 book for the university-wide reading program "UCSB Reads".


title: Darius II

text: Darius II ( ; ), also known by his given name Ochus ( ), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 423 BC to 405 or 404 BC.


title: Darius II

text: Artaxerxes I, who died in 424 BC, was followed by his son Xerxes II. After a month and half Xerxes II was murdered by his brother Sogdianus. His illegitimate brother, Ochus, satrap of Hyrcania, rebelled against Sogdianus, and after a short fight killed him, and suppressed by treachery the attempt of his own brother Arsites to imitate his example. Ochus adopted the name Darius (Greek sources often call him Darius "Nothos", "Bastard"). Neither the names Xerxes II nor Sogdianus occur in the dates of the numerous Babylonian tablets from Nippur; here effectively the reign of Darius II follows immediately after that of Artaxerxes I.


title: Darius II

text: Historians know little about Darius II's reign. A rebellion by the Medes in 409 BC is mentioned by Xenophon. It does seem that Darius II was quite dependent on his wife Parysatis. In excerpts from Ctesias some harem intrigues are recorded, in which he played a disreputable part. The Elephantine papyri mention Darius II as a contemporary of the high priest Johanan of Ezra 10:6.


title: Darius II

text: As long as the power of Athens remained intact he did not meddle in Greek affairs. When in 413 BC, Athens supported the rebel Amorges in Caria, Darius II would not have responded had not the Athenian power been broken in the same year at Syracuse. As a result of that event, Darius II gave orders to his satraps in Asia Minor, Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus, to send in the overdue tribute of the Greek towns and to begin a war with Athens. To support the war with Athens, the Persian satraps entered into an alliance with Sparta. In 408 BC he sent his son Cyrus to Asia Minor, to carry on the war with greater energy.


title: Darius II

text: Darius II may have expelled various Greek dynasts who had been ruling cities in Ionia: Pausanias wrote that the sons of Themistocles, which include Archeptolis, Governor of Magnesia, "appear to have returned to Athens", and that they dedicated a painting of Themistocles in the Parthenon and erected a bronze statue to Artemis Leucophryene, the goddess of Magnesia, on the Acropolis. They may have returned from Asia Minor in old age, after 412 BC, when the Achaemenids took again firm control of the Greek cities of Asia, and they may have been expelled by the Achaemenid satrap Tissaphernes sometime between 412 and 399 BC. In effect, from 414 BC, Darius II had started to resent increasing Athenian power in the Aegean and had Tissaphernes enter into an alliance with Sparta against Athens, which in 412 BC led to the Persian conquest of the greater part of Ionia.


title: Darius II

text: Darius is said to have received the visit of Greek athlete and Olympic champion Polydamas of Skotoussa, who made a demonstration of his strength by killing three Immortals in front of the Persian ruler. A sculpture representing the scene is visible in the Museum of the History of the Olympic Games of antiquity.


title: Darius II

text: Darius II died in 404 BC, in the nineteenth year of his reign, and was followed as Persian king by Artaxerxes II.


title: Darius II

text: Prior to his accession, Darius II was married to the daughter of Gobryas. With the daughter of Gobryas, Darius II had four sons, one of whom fathered Artabazanes, who served as King of Media Atropatene in the second half of the 3rd century BC.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: Man from Atlantis is a short-lived American science fiction/fantasy television series that ran for 13 episodes on the NBC network during the 1977–78 season, following four television films that had aired earlier in 1977. Ratings success by these movies led to the commissioning of a weekly series for the 1977–78 season, but it was canceled at the end of the first season due to a declining audience and high production costs.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: The series stars Patrick Duffy as an amnesiac man given the name of Mark Harris, believed to be the only surviving citizen of the lost civilization of Atlantis. He possesses exceptional abilities, including the ability to breathe underwater and withstand extreme depth pressures, and superhuman strength. His hands and feet are webbed, his eyes are unusually sensitive to light, and he swims using his arms and legs in a fashion suggestive of an underwater butterfly stroke or dolphin kick. Following his discovery, he is recruited by the Foundation for Oceanic Research, a governmental agency that conducts top secret research and explores the depths of the ocean in a sophisticated submarine called the "Cetacean".


title: Man from Atlantis

text: The supporting cast includes Belinda J. Montgomery as Dr. Elizabeth Merrill (who had nursed Mark Harris back to health) and Alan Fudge as C. W. Crawford, Jr., both of the Foundation for Oceanic Research. Victor Buono played the villainous Mr. Schubert in the pilot and several episodes of the series. Kenneth Tigar appeared in the second, third, and fourth movies as Dr. Miller Simon, M.D., also of the Foundation for Oceanic Research. The series added an ensemble cast as "The Crew of the "Cetacean"", consisting of Richard Laurance Williams, J. Victor Lopez, Jean Marie Hon (who had also been seen in "Ark II"), and Anson Downes. In the 12th episode, a new female lead character replaced Elizabeth Merrill, Dr. Jenny Reynolds, played by actress Lisa Blake Richards. (Belinda Montgomery had managed to get out of her contract with the help of lawyers.) The last episode did not feature any female lead character.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: The show was produced by Herbert Franklin Solow's studio Solow Production Company, a company spun off from the live-action arm of American animation studio Hanna-Barbera Productions. The Foundation for Oceanic Research headquarters building was represented by the Point Fermin lighthouse in San Pedro, California. The "Cetacean" submarine's voyages were shown through miniature work by the special effects team of Gene Warren.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: Critic Tom Shales, reviewing the show for the "Washington Post", opined that "kids may be impressed" by the heroics and special effects, but the show lacked "adult appeal" and that the stories would "soon wear thinner than water".


title: Man from Atlantis

text: The pilot film was released on VHS in 1986 by Worldvision Home Video, and re-released in 1987 by Goodtimes Home Video. It was later released on DVD as a part of the Warner Archive collection from Warner Home Video on October 6, 2009. On July 26, 2011, Warner Bros. released "Man from Atlantis: The Complete TV Movies Collection", featuring all four television films, as well as "Man from Atlantis — The Complete Television Series" for Region 1 DVD. The pilot film was released on Blu-ray by Warner Archive Collection on March 12, 2019.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: "Man from Atlantis" was the first American television series to be shown in the People's Republic of China in 1980, with the title translated to ""The Man from the Bottom of the Atlantic"". It was at the time when the "Gang of Four" lost power to Deng Xiaoping, and science research began to get attention, along with economic development. In Brazil it was named "O Homem do Fundo do Mar" ("The Man from the Bottom of the Sea" in Portuguese). In Portugal, the title was a direct translation of the original, "O Homem da Atlântida," being screened on RTP1. In Kuwait, it was released in the early 1980s in English with Arabic subtitles. In the Netherlands, the series was broadcast by TROS broadcasting association, from June 15, 1978 until September 5, 1980. In Germany, the series was broadcast by ARD from 1982 to 1983 and in 1988 by RTL plus with the title translated to "Der Mann aus Atlantis". The show preserved its name in France as well, where it aired as "L'Homme de l'Atlantide". In Turkey, the series also preserved its name and was broadcast as "Atlantis'ten Gelen Adam". It was also shown on SABC in South Africa in 1979, with the original title.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: In the United Kingdom, "Man from Atlantis" was shown, in most regions, in an early Saturday evening slot on ITV starting in September 1977, opposite the BBC's long-running sci-fi series "Doctor Who", which was then in its 15th season. Although "Man from Atlantis" had not been a ratings/audience-share or demographic success in the US, the series actually beat "Doctor Who" during its transmission in the UK. (This happened again in 1980–81 when ITV screened "Buck Rogers in the 25th Century" against "Doctor Who".) In Italy, the series was one of the early successes of the then interregional network Telemilano, future Canale 5, that began to air the series on February 11, 1980 under the name "L'Uomo di Atlantide". The first TV-film, "Man from Atlantis", was released on video in Norway in the 1980s. In Israel, the Man from Atlantis was shown on Channel 1, the only channel at that time. "HaIsh MeAtlantis", a literal translation of the English title, also enjoyed reruns.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: In 1977, Dell Publishing published a novelization titled "Man from Atlantis" #1, written by Richard Woodley, which was followed by "Man from Atlantis" #2: "Death Scouts" from the same author. The line continued unnumbered with "Killer Spores" (1977) and "Ark of Doom" (1978), also by Woodley, the latter being the retitled novelization of "The Disappearances". In 1978, Marvel Comics published seven issues of a "Man from Atlantis" comic book, written by Bill Mantlo with art by Frank Robbins and Frank Springer. At the same time as "Marvel", "Look-In", in the UK, began publishing a comic strip; this one was drawn by Mike Noble (and later John Cooper for one story). It was short-lived, lasting less than a year before being replaced with Enid Blyton's "Famous Five". Kenner began development on a "Man from Atlantis" line of action figures and toy vehicles in 1977, but it never proceeded past the prototype stage, while Denys Fisher Toys passed on making Star Wars action figures for the UK as they thought the Man from Atlantis would be more successful.


title: Man from Atlantis

text: Series star Patrick Duffy wrote a sequel novel, titled simply "Man from Atlantis," which was published in June 2016. The 'blog "space1970," which reported on this novel, described it thus:


title: The Verve Pipe

text: The Verve Pipe is an American rock band from Michigan. It was formed in 1992 in East Lansing by Brian Vander Ark, Brian Stout and Donny Brown.


title: The Verve Pipe

text: In November 1992, Brian Vander Ark of the band "Johnny with an Eye" signed a production deal with producer/engineer Thomas Jansen, owner of Station C Studios Inc. After Jansen produced, recorded and mixed all "Johnny with an Eye" tracks, Jansen was looking for a little more from the band. During this same period of time Jansen was courting Don Brown's "Water for the Pool" band to come over and record the rest of their album at Station C Studios. Frazer was then given the job of engineering the rest of their album project. In a conversation with Vander Ark, Jansen advised Vander Ark to call Brown to join the band with one guitar member of "Water for the Pool". Frazer then engineered Brown's drums and vocals, and Stout's guitars and vocals, on "Johnny with an Eye" songs, and Vander Arks's guitar and vocals on "Water for the Pool" songs. Frazer mixed the new band released their first album, "I've Suffered a Head Injury". The original 10-song version of the CD is no longer available. A seven-song version, without the original recording of "The Freshmen", was later released as an EP. The band, known for its energetic live performances, built strong followings during its early years, especially in the college towns of Kalamazoo and East Lansing.


title: The Verve Pipe

text: In the fall of 1993, the band released a second album, "Pop Smear", again working with Jansen for pre-production and basic tracks and Frazer with overdubs and mixing, which helped them gain a devoted following in their native state of Michigan and their eventual signing with RCA Records in 1995. A.J. Dunning replaced Stout on guitar for the recording of "Pop Smear" and remained in the band for their three RCA records. This album featured the popular tracks "Spoonful of Sugar" and "Victoria".


title: The Verve Pipe

text: Their first major label release was 1996's "Villains", which was a minor hit and launched two respectably selling singles, the first being "Photograph" which charted at #53 on the Billboard Airplay charts, then the No. 5 "Billboard" Hot 100 hit "The Freshmen", which was their most popular single. On June 28, 1997, the band performed at Edgefest in Barrie, Canada. While performing, someone in the crowd threw a beer bottle towards the stage and it hit Brian Vander Ark in the cheek. The band then left the stage to seek medical attention.


title: The Verve Pipe

text: The band came back with a new album, "The Verve Pipe", in 1999. The album, however, failed to achieve the commercial appeal of its predecessor. The band's 2001 release "Underneath" contained the song "Colorful", which was featured on the soundtrack of the film "Rock Star", and "Happiness Is", featured on the soundtrack of the film "Joe Somebody".


title: The Verve Pipe

text: On September 15, 2009, Brian Vander Ark announced on his website that the band would be releasing a new album called "A Family Album" in October 2009. The band had been approached to contribute a song for a compilation album called "Calling All Kids", which led to them creating an "entire album of family[-]friendly songs". It was also noted in the announcement that a new album of rock material would follow the family album. Immediately after the release of the family album, the band undertook a series of small-venue performances, mostly around Michigan and the East Coast.


title: The Verve Pipe

text: On March 28, 2014, the band announced on their Facebook page that their first studio album since 2001, titled "Overboard", would be released on June 17, 2014, and would be followed with a tour. The first single from the album, titled "Crash Landing", was released on April 1, 2014.


title: The Verve Pipe

text: On November 5, 2021, the band released its 9th full length album, "Threads," with Channing Lee and Brian Vander Ark collaborating on all 12 tracks. Critical praise includes the American Songwriter Review: "...Frontman and singer/songwriter Brian Vander Ark seems especially inspired, sounding the alarm on an array of maladies and pitfalls—love, loss, romance, relationship, addiction, and abuse—without settling for a sound that’s bitter or despondent. Indeed, most of the songs manage to retain a tender touch, especially tracks like “Save Me,” “Set Me On Fire,” “The Freeze,” and “End of the World,” all of which boast a shimmer and shine. “The Witching Hour,” “First Fire of the Winter” and “No One’s Gonna Break Your Heart (Again)” take on a lilt and luster reminiscent of Jon Anderson at the helm of Yes, given an attitude that optimizes an upward view. Newcomer Channing Lee can also be credited with helping to maintain that effervescent engagement, manifest in a radiant glow that’s cerebral and celebratory in equal measure."


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong Ye Kung (; born 1969) is a Singaporean politician and former civil servant who has been serving as Minister for Health since 2021. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Sembawang Central division of Sembawang GRC since 2015.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Prior to entering politics, Ong worked in the Ministry of Communications, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Singapore Workforce Development Agency, National Trades Union Congress and Keppel Corporation. He was also the principal private secretary to Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong between 2002 and 2004.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: He made his political debut in the 2011 general election as part of a five-member PAP team contesting in Aljunied GRC but lost. He contested again in the 2015 general election as part of a five-member PAP team contesting in Sembawang GRC and won.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Before becoming Minister for Health, he was Minister for Education between 2015 and 2020, serving alongside Ng Chee Meng between 2015 and 2018, and Minister for Transport between 2020 and 2021. He is also a co-chair of the Multi-Ministry Taskforce set up by the government to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong attended Maris Stella High School and Raffles Junior College before graduating from the London School of Economics in 1991 with a Bachelor of Science degree in economics.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: In 1999, he completed a Master of Business Administration degree at the International Institute for Management Development in Lausanne, Switzerland.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong started his career working in the Ministry of Communications between 1993 and 1999. He served as Director of Trade in the Ministry of Trade and Industry between 2000 and 2003 and was the Deputy Chief Negotiator for the Singapore–United States Free Trade Agreement signed in May 2003. He was Principal Private Secretary to Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong between 2002 and 2004. Ong also served as the chief executive officer of the Workforce Development Agency between 2005 and 2008. Following that, he joined the National Trades Union Congress as Assistant Secretary-General.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: In the 2011 general election, Ong contested in Aljunied GRC as part of a five-member People's Action Party (PAP) team led by George Yeo. The PAP team lost to the Workers' Party team led by Low Thia Khiang. This was the first time in Singapore's history when the PAP lost a GRC in an election.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Following the 2011 general election, Ong continued to work at the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) and became Deputy Secretary-General in June 2011. He was also elected into the NTUC's Central Committee later that year. In 2013, he left the NTUC and became Director of Group Strategy at Keppel Corporation.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: In the 2015 general election, Ong joined as part of the five-member PAP team contesting in Sembawang GRC, which was considered 'safer' for him. The PAP team won with 72% of the vote and Ong was elected as the Member of Parliament representing the Gambas ward of Sembawang GRC.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: On 1 October 2015, Ong was appointed Senior Minister of State for Defence and Acting Minister for Education (Higher Education and Skills). On 1 November 2016, he was promoted to Second Minister for Defence while concurrently holding the portfolio of Minister for Education (Higher Education and Skills) alongside Ng Chee Meng, who was Minister for Education (Schools). In 2017, Ong moved a Bill in Parliament to confer the Singapore University of Social Sciences autonomous status.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: On 1 May 2018, the two Education portfolios were merged into a single one; Ong took over the single portfolio as Minister for Education, Ong had also relinquished his Second Minister of Defence portfolio at the same time.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: On 27 July 2020, Ong relinquished his portfolio as Minister for Education and succeeded Khaw Boon Wan as Minister for Transport, as well as the Anchor Minister of Sembawang GRC.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: In the lead-up to the 2020 general election, Ong was widely seen as one of the three leading candidates (alongside Heng Swee Keat and Chan Chun Sing) to succeed Lee Hsien Loong as Prime Minister of Singapore. Ong led the PAP team in Sembawang GRC and they won with about 67% of the vote. Ong's former Gambas ward was merged with part of Khaw Boon Wan's former Sembawang ward, forming the new Sembawang Central ward which is currently helmed by Ong.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: On 23 April 2021, Ong was appointed co-chair of the multi-ministerial committee formed on 22 January 2020 to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Following a Cabinet reshuffle on 15 May 2021, Ong relinquished his portfolio as Minister for Transport and succeeded Gan Kim Yong as Minister for Health.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong was considered by many to be one of the most likely candidates to succeed Heng Swee Keat as leader of the fourth-generation (4G) team, however it was ultimately revealed that Finance Minister Lawrence Wong had the most support compared to the other candidates.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong's father, Ong Lian Teng, was a Barisan Sosialis politician who was a Member of the Legislative Assembly for Bukit Panjang SMC from 22 October 1963 to 8 August 1965 and then as Member of Parliament from 9 August 1965 till 5 December 1966, when he resigned to protest the "undemocratic acts" of the PAP government. In an interview with "The Straits Times" in 2011, Ong noted that his father (who died in 2009) had been fully supportive of his decision to become involved in politics as a member of the PAP despite his own past involvement in opposition politics in Singapore.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong is married to Diana Kuik Sin Leng, the daughter of real estate magnate Kuik Ah Han. They have two daughters.


title: Ong Ye Kung

text: Ong's maternal cousin, Xie Yao Quan, is also a PAP Member of Parliament representing the Jurong Central ward of Jurong GRC.


title: AB6IX

text: AB6IX (; "pronounced as A-B-Six") is a South Korean boy band formed by Brand New Music. The group currently consists of four members: Jeon Woong, Kim Dong-hyun, Park Woo-jin and Lee Dae-hwi. Former leader Lim Young-min's departure from the group was announced on June 8, 2020.


title: AB6IX

text: Lim Young-min, Kim Dong-hyun, Park Woo-jin and Lee Dae-hwi participated in the Mnet survival series "Produce 101 Season 2" in 2017. Dae-hwi and Woo-jin placed 3rd and 6th respectively, becoming members of the temporary boy group Wanna One. Young-min and Dong-hyun placed 15th and 28th respectively. In 2018, Dae-hwi was involved with many solo activities, including taking part in the Global MC Crew on "M Countdown" (on which he became a permanent host in April 2019) and being a special MC on other music shows such as Inkigayo and KCON during 2017–2018 on its Japan, Thailand, Australia, and New York stops.


title: AB6IX

text: Young-min and Dong-hyun debuted as the duo MXM in September 2017 with their first EP titled "Unmix". The duo's name stands for "Mix and Match" and "More and More," with both having different meanings for the group. The former showcases how compatible they are as a group and the latter emphasizes their ever-growing determination for growth in the music industry. In March, they released their second EP, "Match Up". In August, just 11 months after debuting, they released their first full-length album, "More Than Ever," which marks the last chapter of their "MIX, MATCH, MORE" trilogy. The duo went on tour to 9 cities around the world and also had 4 sold out fan signs and meetings. Dae-hwi also participated in the album by producing "Hoping That You'd Love Me" and "Dawn". MXM, along with fellow Produce 101 season 2 contestants Jeong Se-woon and Lee Gwang-hyun, formed Starship and Brand New Music's project group YDPP.


title: AB6IX

text: Jeon Woong had previously been a trainee under JYP, Woollim, and YG Entertainment. His pre-debut appearances include Infinite H's M/V "As Long As You're Not Crazy" and the Mnet survival show Stray Kids, as a YG trainee in the JYP vs YG episodes.


title: AB6IX

text: Prior to their debut, Dae-hwi composed the song "Airplane" for the mini album Heart*Iz, released on April 1, 2019, by girl group Iz*One.


title: AB6IX

text: The group's debut reality show "BrandNewBoys" premiered on April 18 on Mnet. The reality show followed the story of the five members as they prepared for their debut and also featured fun behind-the-scenes footage of their everyday lives.


title: AB6IX

text: On April 26, AB6IX released a full line up performance music video for "Hollywood". Lee Dae-hwi participated in writing and Park Woo-jin choreographed the song "Hollywood", which was performed on "Produce 101 Season 2" for the agency evaluation. This version of the song featured AB6IX's fifth member Jeon Woong for the first time.


title: AB6IX

text: AB6IX debuted on May 22 with their debut EP "B:Complete" and its lead single "Breathe". They held their debut showcase on the same day at Olympic Hall. This album contains seven tracks, combining the works from all five members, coming from very different musical backgrounds.


title: AB6IX

text: On July 27, AB6IX held their first fan meeting, called "1st ABNEW," in Singapore at The Star Theatre to celebrate the release of their debut EP "B:Complete". On September 24, AB6IX collaborated with Lizzo on a remix of her song "Truth Hurts," originally released in 2017.


title: AB6IX

text: On October 7, AB6IX released their first studio album "6ixense" and its lead single "Blind for Love". The album peaked at #30 on Billboard's Social 50 Chart on October 15 after being on there for 4 weeks. On November 9, the group held their first solo concert titled "6ixense" in South Korea at Olympic Gymnastics Arena.


title: AB6IX

text: AB6IX released their digital EP "5nally" on February 13, 2020. The EP contains five solo tracks, one for each member.


title: AB6IX

text: On February 7, it was announced the European leg of their 6IXENSE tour was cancelled due to health concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic and later on March 11, 2020, it was announced that they would also cancel the U.S. leg of the tour.


title: AB6IX

text: On June 8, Brand New Music announced that Young-min will be leaving the group following his DUI. As a result, the group's comeback with their second EP "Vivid" and its lead single "The Answer", originally scheduled for June 8, was postponed to June 29.


title: AB6IX

text: On August 25, it was announced that AB6IX would be holding their first online solo concert titled "So Vivid" on September 12.


title: AB6IX

text: On January 7, AB6IX released a remix of Why Don't We's "Fallin' (Adrenaline)". On January 18, the group released the repackaged version of their third EP titled "Salute: A New Hope" and its lead single "Stay Young".


title: AB6IX

text: On April 26, AB6IX released their fourth EP "Mo' Complete: Have a Dream" and its lead single "Close".


title: AB6IX

text: On May 24, AB6IX released the promotional single "Gemini" through Universe Music for the mobile application, Universe.


title: AB6IX

text: On September 27, AB6IX released their second studio album "Mo' Complete" and its lead single "Cherry".


title: AB6IX

text: On November 24, AB6IX made their Japanese debut under Victor Entertainment with their first Japanese EP "Absolute 6ix".


title: AB6IX

text: In June, AB6IX began their fan meeting tour 'AB_NEW AREA', with the first events held on June 4 and 5 in Seoul. They then had evens in Japan and the United States. Then, on August 27, they held a fan meeting in Bangkok, Thailand.


title: AB6IX

text: AB6IX has announced their sixth EP will be released on October 4, called "Take a Chance", with the title track "Sugarcoat".


title: AB6IX

text: On April 19, 2019, Lee Dae-hwi was selected for solo endorsement deal as a campaign model of "Fanta" beverage brand Coca-Cola Korea. Before the official debut of AB6IX, the members were selected as a beauty model of the Korean beauty brand "Acwell" on April 24, 2019.


title: AB6IX

text: On August 29, 2019, AB6IX was chosen as the new model of "Elite" uniform for the 2020 new semester. On September 25, 2019, AB6IX was appointed as the image cast of ABC-Mart for product "Nike Court Vision".


title: AB6IX

text: On September 19, 2019, AB6IX was officially appointed as the newest ambassadors for Korea Scout Association. On February 20, 2020, AB6IX was appointed as public relations ambassador for Youth Cyber Violence Prevention Education Program by Samsung Group, Green Tree Foundation and Social Welfare Community Chest.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Housefull is an Indian comedy film series. The series stars Akshay Kumar and Ritesh Deshmukh in all the films. The first two films "Housefull" and "Housefull 2" were directed by Sajid Khan. The third film, "Housefull 3", was directed by Sajid-Farhad and fourth film "Housefull 4" was directed by Farhad Samji. The series is produced by Sajid Nadiadwala under his banner Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment. Each film starts with a fresh story unrelated with the preceding film's story. However, the theme and the pace remains the same.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Despite a mixed critical reception from the critics, the series has been commercially successful, grossing all over ₹ 800 crore worldwide. It is currently the highest grossing comedy film franchise in Indian cinema as well as 7th highest-grossing Indian film series of all time in general.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Aarush, is a jinxed loser who stays with his friend, Bob and his wife, Hetal, both working at a casino owned by Mr.Kishore Samtani. Although at first Hetal is displeased with Aarush's presence, he proves to be a kind-hearted man looking for family. Bob and Hetal decide to get him married to their boss' daughter, Devika Samtani. After the marriage, on their honeymoon in Italy, Devika leaves him for her long-time American boyfriend Benny. Dejected, Aarush tries to commit suicide by drowning in the sea but is saved by a girl Sandy.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Sandy originally thinks Aarush is a pervert, but when Aakhri Pasta, the owner of Italy's biggest hotel where Aarush was spending his honeymoon with Devika, tells Sandy that Aarush is a widower, she befriends him and slowly falls in love with him. What she does not know, is that Aakhri Pasta was only joking. She then finds out his wife is alive and leaves him, but he tells her the whole truth to make her understand and she accepts him.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: The only way Aarush can get married to Sandy is by convincing her elder brother, Major Krishna Rao, a strict Indian Military Intelligence officer who loves and is over-protective of Sandy. Meanwhile, Hetal, in an attempt to reconcile, lies to her father, Batuk Patel, that Bob owns a mansion and they have a child. The four rent a mansion to make him believe that Bob owns it, but Batuk accidentally believes that Aarush is married to Hetal, and Bob is the cook. Then, Krishna turns up, much to Aarush's horror, leading to more lies.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: For half of the term, the four must pretend that the mansion is owned by Bob, and the rest must pretend that Aarush owns it. An overly suspicious Krishna sees Bob and Hetal working at the casino and uses a lie detector to find the truth. After Sandy objects, Krishna apologises and agrees to Aarush and Sandy's marriage. The whole family is invited to the Royal Palace, to see Krishna get rewarded by the Queen of England. While this is happening, 2 workers are meant to be installing air conditioning gas for the place, however instead they accidentally supply the hall with laughing gas causing everyone to break into an outburst of laughter. During this laughter, the truth is let out but no one seems to be in the right state of mind.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: The 2 workers meanwhile stop the gas from spreading – everyone comes back to their senses. Aarush is still telling Krishna the truth, leading Krishna to break off Sandy's engagement. However, after Sandy tearfully pleads with him, Krishna lets the two get married. In the end, Hetal and Bob live together with Batuk Patel, and Aarush's luck changes for the better.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: The two cousins Heena and Bobby, daughters of the Kapoor family, hate each other very much. They start quarrelling over something relating to their duties of Animals' Law Authority. Their fathers, Chintu and Dabboo, are step-brothers who hate each other to the very core. Even their wives hate each other. Chintu wants the richest son-in law for his daughter, Heena, while Dabboo too wants the same for his daughter, Bobby. Aakhri Pasta, a marriage counsellor, is ordered by both Chintu and Dabboo to find the best son-in-law. Aakhri Pasta brings Mr. Babani to discuss Babani's son Jai.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: When Chintu misinterprets one of Aakhri's comments, he verbally abuses Babani while shouting. Babani suffers from a condition that affects his heart when he hears loud noises. Due to Chintu's shouting, Babani suffers a heart attack, landing him in a hospital. Babani's son Jai learns of this, is angered, then vows revenge, telling his friend Jolly/Jwala, who is the son of billionaire J.D., to go to Chintu, agree to marry his daughter and then break off the wedding at the last minute. Jolly is busy trying to introduce his girlfriend to his own father and does not want to get involved. He suggests Max, their former college mate and a thief, to do the job. Jay goes with Max as his driver but somehow, they end in the wrong house and go to Dabboo's house.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Jay and Max later find out their mistake. Jai, still wanting revenge, doesn't know what to do and Jolly suggests another former sleazy college mate, Sunny. Jolly goes with Sunny as his bodyguard because Max and Sunny are sworn enemies and as Dabboo's house and Chintu's house are right next to each other, their plan may get destroyed. Sunny and Jolly encounter a crocodile and Max and Jay encounter a snake. They manage to survive the attack.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: While Heena and Bobby are on a cruise, they accidentally end up on an island. Max and Sunny become friends again, while Heena and Bobby become friends. They find a resort and go home. Dabboo gets Jolly (Max) engaged to Bobby and Chintu gets Jolly (Sunny) engaged to Heena. The day of the engagement, Chintu blindfolds Jolly, Sunny, Jai and Heena and takes them to J.D.'s house. After seeing the real Jolly holding Sunny's garland, J.D. believes that Jolly got engaged to Heena. Luckily, Sunny convinces him. Jolly calls them at midnight and reveals his father's secret of being Jagga Daaku. He also reveals that his real name is Jwala. After Sunny fools Chintu, Chintu calls Dabboo in excitement and tells him that his daughter, Heena, is getting married to Jolly, the son of J.D. Confused, and believing Max to be Jolly, Dabboo takes Max and Bobby to J.D.'s mansion. Sunny handles the situation well by fooling J.D. by taking the name of his religion and tells him that Max is Jolly's friend and Bobby is Max's fiancé (though actually it is true) and Max's father is against his and Bobby's marriage. J.D. then welcomes Bobby, Max and her family to his house and tells them to stay there up to Bobby and Max's marriage.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Batuk Patel arrives with his daughter Parul to make things worse. Jay and Jwala come to receive them from the airport. But when they see Parul, Jay and Jwala lie that Jay is Jolly. Parul becomes happy hearing this as they secretly love each other. Jelo gives Jwala the ultimatum  – take me to your house or forget me. To help Jwala, Sunny lies to J.D., saying that Jelo is his fiancé, and J.D. again agrees to let her live there as Sunny takes the name of his religion. Sunny and Max lie to their respective fathers-in-law that the other guy is the son of J.D. and a maid servant in the mansion. This creates a lot of confusion.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: When Sunny's father as well as Max's 'Guru' tells them never to break anyone's heart, Sunny and Max tell the truth to Heena and Bobby. Enraged, Bobby and Heena slap Max and Sunny respectively and tell them that they never want to see their faces again. But thinking that instead of telling the truth, Sunny and Max could have done more wrong with them, the two sisters pardon the two boys on the very next day. There Jay and Jolly also let off their plan of revenge on Kapoors on Jay's father's advice. Then Henna proposes Sunny in Sunny's style and Bobby proposes Max in Max's style.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: On the day of the four couples' marriage, J.D. and the other brides' fathers learn the truth about the grooms and that they have been lying all this time. Finally Bobby and Heena convince their fathers to forget their enmity and live together as blood brothers. Chintu and Dabboo join hands and so do their wives. But J.D. was not convinced by them telling the truth, so he turns back into Jagga Daku and starts frightening the families with his gun. He tries to shoot Sunny with his gun as Sunny runs towards J.D. to save him from the falling chandelier and then he understands what was happening. In the end, all the grooms get married to their respective girlfriends.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Six years ago in London, three robbers attempted to steal jewels from a building, but were stopped by the police and arrested. In the present, Batook Patel is a wealthy and successful businessman with three beautiful daughters: Ganga, Jamuna, and Saraswati. However, he does not want his daughters to get married, as he claims that all the women in his family are cursed if they get married.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: One night, at a friend's bachelorette party, the girls reveal to their friend that secretly, they each have a boyfriend. Jamuna's boyfriend is Teddy, who wants to be a racecar driver. Teddy is skilled at racing, but during an important race, his car runs out of gas, and loses. Saraswati's boyfriend is Bunty, who wants to be rapper. During a talent competition, the judge claims that his rapping talent is ordinary. Bunty then raps in Hindi swear words at the judge. Unfortunately, the judge knows Hindi, and disqualifies him. Ganga's boyfriend is Sandy, who wants to be a professional football/soccer player. During tryouts for a team, the coach, who is racist, tells him he cannot join, and calls him a "Bloody Indian", which triggers Sandy's evil personality, Sundi, to come out and attack the coach and team. Sandy learns that Sundi comes out whenever he hears the word "Indian", and his Dissociative Identity Disorder comes from being depressed about not having enough money to make a living. Sandy sees Batook's success in the paper, and decides to date his doctor, and Batook's daughter, Ganga. When the girls tell their dad that they each have a boyfriend, Batook goes to his friend, Aakhri Pasta, who owns an Italian restaurant. Batook convinces Pasta to dress up as the family's fortune teller, Aakhri Aasta. Aasta claims that when Ganga's husband first steps foot into Batook's house, Jamuna's husband first sees Batook, or when Saraswati's husband first speaks to Batook, then Batook will have a heart attack, and die. The girls, wanting to keep their boyfriends, have them fake disabilities. Sandy rides around in a motorized wheelchair, and claims he can't use his feet. Teddy wears sunglasses and uses a cane, and claims he is blind. Bunty uses sign language, and claims that he is mute. Batook decides to test the boys to make sure if they are really disabled, by putting ants in Sandy's pants, having Teddy jump in an empty pool, and injuring Bunty to see if he screams. When Batook is out of the house, the boys reveal themselves to each other as not being disabled. Since they all want Batook's money, they decide not to tell on each other, as they each have a recording of the other. At Pasta's restaurant, Batook reveals to Pasta that his daughters are actually the daughters of Urja Nagre, an underworld crime lord. Nagre was caught when someone informed the police. While in jail, Nagre requested Batook take care of his daughters in London, but make sure that they never found out that Nagre was their father. Batook also reveals that he was the one who informed the police, and did not want the girls to marry until his sons(the robbers in the beginning of the film) got out of prison. Unbeknownst to him, Nagre is out of prison, and has arrived in London.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: While the girls prepare a wax statue for Batook, the boys go into town, where some gangsters are teasing some girls. Suddenly, Nagre appears, and attack the gangsters. After the gangsters run away, Nagre sees the boys, and ask why did not help. The boys claim that they were disabled. Bunty, who was in the wheelchair at the time, claims he was crippled. Sandy, holding Teddy's cane, claims he is blind, and that Teddy is mute. Later, Nagre goes to Batook's office, and ask him about his daughters's future husbands. Batook says that while the girls' future husbands are disabled, he knows three normal men who are suitable for the daughters. Batook takes Nagre to a Gurdwara to see his sons, Rishi, Rohan, and Rajeev, claiming they are orphans who do community service. Nagre decides that the three are suitable for his daughters.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: At Batook's house, Nagre claims that Batook owes Nagre 5000 crores (50 billion) of British Pounds. Nagre gives Batook and the boys 10 days to make up the money, or Ganga, Jamuna, and Saraswati must marry Rishi, Rohan, and Rajeev. During these 10 days, Nagre and his "sons" will also live in Batook's house, meaning that while in front of both Batook and Nagre, Sandy, Teddy, and Bunty must act as blind-disabled, mute-blind, and disabled-mute. Sandy, Teddy, and Bunty come up with a plan to get rid of Nagre's sons. During a St. Patrick's Day party, the girls get Rishi, Rohan, and Rajeev drunk. The next day, they tell each other that they had sex with their respective girls, only to find out that they had sex with the maids. The maids request compensation, or they will sue, of 50 million Pounds. Nagre, learning this, says that the girls will marry the boys of their choosing.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: The next day, the girls take Sandy, Teddy, and Bunty to church, asking for forgiveness. Saraswati, who takes care of disabled children, tells them that two boys were mocking a child because of his disability. The girls feel guilty, because they felt that they were mocking people with disabilities by having the boys act as if they were blind, crippled, and mute. After this, the boys feel guilty, as they were only marrying the girls for money. They go to the warehouse area of Madame Tussaud's to meet their girlfriends. They instead find Batook's sons, who explain that they found out the boys were normal. While Teddy and Bunty fight Batook's sons' gang members, Sandy has accidentally heard Teddy say "Indian", and Sundi, Sandy's alternate personality, tries to kill Sandy. Batook arrives, and blackmails the boys that Nagre's fortune of 50 million will be divided into 7 parts: Rishi, Rohan, Rajeev, Batook, Sandy, Teddy, and Bunty's shares. Sundi says to divide it into 8 shares, as Sandy/Sundi counts as two people. Aakhri Pasta arrives, and demands his share, splitting it into 9 parts. However, the three maids each demand two shares, one for them, and the other for their unborn children they are now carrying. Nagre then arrives, and explains that he found a recording on Bunty's laptop, which revealed that Bunty, Sandy, and Teddy were not disabled. Nagre also overheard Batook, who told his sons that he was responsible for getting Nagre in prison. Nagre then attempts to kill everyone in the warehouse, while the lights turn on and off. As the girls arrive, Rishi, Rohan, and Rajeev see them, and hold them at knifepoint in front of Nagre. Sandy, Teddy, and Bunty then rush to save the girls, injuring themselves in the process. As they lay in the girls arms, the boys tell the truth to the girls, and Batook explains how Nagre is their father. The girls forgive the boys, and reconcile with Nagre.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: Harry is a barber who frequently gets bizarre flashes of a past era. He runs a barber shop in London with his brothers Roy and Max. The three brothers had misplaced a bag of 5 million pounds which belonged to gangster Michael Bhai. His henchman Big Bhai constantly demands the money. To fulfil this demand, the three brothers get engaged to the three daughters of London's rich business tycoon Thakral (Ranjeet): Harry is dating Pooja, Roy is dating Neha and Max is dating Kriti. Mysterious circumstances cause the destination wedding to take place in Sitamgarh, India. On arriving in Sitamgarh, Aakhri Pasta, a bellboy at their hotel, recognises them as reincarnations of people that lived 600 years ago, i.e. in 1419. Harry realises that the flashes he sees have something to do with what Pasta was talking about and drives to the nearby town of Madhavgarh, where he starts to see the flashes clearly.


title: Housefull (film series)

text: In 1419, Rajkumar Bala Dev Singh of Madhavgarh was banished by his father, Maharaj Parikshitap, since Bala tried to kill him to become King. Bala's servant Pehla Pasta informs him of Sitamgarh - a nearby kingdom whose King, Maharaj Surya Singh Rana, is looking for grooms for his three daughters: Rajkumari Madhu, Rajkumari Mala and Rajkumari Meena. Bala plans to marry Rajkumari Madhu, the eldest Princess, so that he becomes the King of Sitamgarh.