title: Ice Castles

text: The work was filmed on location in Colorado and Minnesota. Its theme song "Through the Eyes of Love", performed by Melissa Manchester, was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 52nd Academy Awards.


title: Ice Castles

text: Alexis "Lexie" Winston is a sixteen-year-old girl from Waverly, Iowa, who dreams of becoming a champion figure skater. Her boyfriend, Nick Peterson, dreams of being a hockey player.


title: Ice Castles

text: Coached by a family friend and former skater, Lexie enters a regional championship over her father's protests. There she is discovered by an elite coach, who sees her potential despite her lack of training and her relatively advanced age. Over her father's objections, Lexie moves from Waverly to Colorado Springs to train at the legendary Broadmoor World Arena. She becomes unpopular among her fellow trainees because of the attention lavished on her natural talent and the publicity she receives.


title: Ice Castles

text: Lexie qualifies for the senior championship level, her life changing drastically in the process. She becomes a star, alienates her boyfriend, and begins dating a grown man, television broadcaster Brian. Becoming uncomfortable with the direction her life is taking, she leaves a sponsorship party and heads to a nearby outdoor skating rink. Her coach and the partygoers watch through the windows as she skates. She attempts a difficult triple jump but lands off the ice onto a set of tables and chairs chained together near the edge of the rink. Lexie suffers a serious head injury, a blood clot in her brain robbing her of her eyesight and leaving her able to see only light and blurry shapes. The doctor is uncertain if her injury will be permanent.


title: Ice Castles

text: Lexie returns home and becomes a recluse. Nick, who still resents her affair with Brian, demands that she get out of the house and back onto the ice. Despite their mutual resentment and Lexie's depression, they work through their estrangement and rediscover their love for each other. With help from Nick, her father Marcus, and original coach Beulah, Lexie begins to believe she can still fulfill her dreams. Though virtually blind, she can still see the boards at the edge of the rink, and so learns how to compensate for her disability.


title: Ice Castles

text: She enrolls in the sectional championship and presents a flawless program that provokes a standing ovation from the audience. Her disability, however, is revealed when she trips over roses thrown onto the ice by adoring fans. Nick rushes to her side and says, "We forgot about the flowers," as the crowd realizes that Lexie has not recovered from her injuries but rather risen above them.


title: Ice Castles

text: The film holds a 44% "Rotten" rating on aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes, based on 9 reviews, with an average score of 5.3/10.


title: Ice Castles

text: A movie reviewer for "Variety" wrote, ""Ice Castles" combines a touching love story with the excitement and intense pressure of Olympic competition skating" and praised the performances of Dewhurst and Skerrit.


title: Ice Castles

text: Reviewer Austin Kennedy also gave a lukewarm review, though praised the acting as "the better part of this movie. Real life skater Lynn-Holly Johnson is charming and does a fine job as the innocent starlet."


title: Ice Castles

text: Janet Maslin, in "The New York Times", complained that she found the movie "amazingly hard to follow", "confusing", and "baffling"; she writes, "Wrye's bungling renders the story sob-proof."


title: Ice Castles

text: Director Donald Wrye remade "Ice Castles" in 2009. The namesake film, starring Taylor Firth and Rob Mayes, was released as a direct-to-DVD title on February 9, 2010, shortly before the 2010 Winter Olympics.


title: The Hollars

text: The Hollars is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by John Krasinski and written by James C. Strouse. The film stars an ensemble cast led by Krasinski, starring Sharlto Copley, Charlie Day, Richard Jenkins, Anna Kendrick and Margo Martindale. The world premiere took place at the Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2016, and it was released on August 26, 2016, by Sony Pictures Classics.


title: The Hollars

text: Struggling New York City graphic novelist John Hollar learns that his mother, Sally is diagnosed with a brain tumor, and joins his brother, Ron, and father, Don, by her side. Her attending physician Dr. Fong tells them that the tumor is scheduled to be removed later that week. John is also facing the birth of his first child with his girlfriend Rebecca. Ron is spying on his ex-wife Stacey, whom he divorced years ago, but he is confronted by her new partner Reverend Dan. John meets his high school classmate and mother's nurse Jason, who married Gwen, John's ex-fiancée. Jason rightly suspects that Gwen only married him after becoming pregnant with their child, and still has feelings for John.


title: The Hollars

text: Don is forced to work at the wine shop to support his failing plumbing business. At night, Ron sneaks inside Stacey's house to see his two daughters, but is subsequently arrested by the police when Stacey finds out. He is immediately bailed when Rev. Dan learns how much he loves his kids. One day before her operation, John and Sally sneak out of the hospital to enjoy her last meal. On the day of the operation, the doctors successfully remove the tumor, but later, she dies with Don at her side. Don emotionally reads a letter Sally wrote before she died. Rev. Dan marries John and Rebecca, and later, in the middle of their mother's funeral, John, Ron, and Don rush Rebecca to the hospital as she goes into labor.


title: The Hollars

text: On May 5, 2014, it was announced John Krasinski would direct the film, with Krasinski, Anna Kendrick, Margo Martindale and Richard Jenkins joining the cast. Principal photography and production began on July 15, 2014, and ended on August 15, 2014. Principal photography took place on location in Mississippi, including Brookhaven, Jackson and Canton. According to Krasinski, editing was completed on January 16, 2015. Josh Ritter composed the film's score.


title: The Hollars

text: "The Hollars" premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2016. On January 29, 2016, Sony Pictures Classics acquired all rights to its United States and Asia release. The film was released on August 26, 2016, by Sony Pictures Classics.


title: The Hollars

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 47%, based on 92 reviews, with an average rating of 5.40/10. The site's critical consensus reads, ""The Hollars" gathers an impressive assortment of talented stars; unfortunately, it's all in service of a story that's been played out more effectively in countless other indie dramedies." Metacritic gives the film a score of 53 out of 100, based on 27 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".


title: Azhar Abbas (general)

text: Lieutenant General Azhar Abbas () is a retired three-star ranking general in the Pakistani Army, who served as the 35th Chief of General Staff (CGS) of the Pakistan Army. He was appointed to the position on 8 September 2021, was replaced by Lieutenant-General Muhammad Saeed.


title: Azhar Abbas (general)

text: Chief of General Staff is responsible for operational and intelligence matters at the General Headquarters in Rawalpindi. Abbas was commissioned in the 41st Battalion of Baloch Regiment. Previously, he served as Commandant School of Infantry and Tactics in Quetta, headed a division in Murree, worked as a Brigadier in the Operations Directorate, and was also a Private Secretary to the former Chief of Army Staff, General Raheel Sharif.


title: Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict

text: The Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict is an ongoing armed conflict between the Royal Saudi Armed Forces and Iran-backed Yemeni Houthi forces that has been taking place in the Arabian Peninsula, including the southern Saudi regions of Asir, Jizan, and Najran, and northern Yemeni governorates of Saada, Al Jawf, and Hajjah, since the onset of the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen in 2015.


title: Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict

text: Over the course of the conflict the Houthis have carried out attacks on military bases and outposts in Saudi Arabia.


title: Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict

text: In their 2004 conflict against the government of Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh, the Houthis accused Saudi Arabia of pressuring Saleh to crack down on their community, and of funding him with 25 billion. This accusation was denied by Saleh, and was not acknowledged by Saudi Arabia. The Houthis and pro-Houthi Yemen army units were deploying effective tactics. Usually, they would first deploy teams equipped with anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs)—like Russian made 9M113 Konkurs, 9M113 Kornet-Es and a few BGM-71 TOWs—to take out specific vehicles or bunkers. BM-21s and BM-27s would then target nearest military bases and lay landmines along routes connecting with the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border. Meanwhile, pro-Houthi special forces would start assaulting the border outposts, while motorcycle mounted teams armed with RPG-7s and US-made M47 Dragons would infiltrate into the Saudi rear. Columns of Saudi Arabian Army (RSLF) forces would thus drive into unknown minefields, or rush into ambushes at places not directly hit by the fighting. Some raiding parties deployed into Saudi Arabia were armed with man-portable air defence systems (MANPADS), as well as M167 Vulcan towed anti-aircraft cannons. Although exact details of the effectiveness of either remain evasive, during the first year of the war they damaged numerous attack helicopters of the RSLF and the Royal Saudi Navy Forces (RSNF), thus forcing their crews to keep their distance.


title: Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict

text: As a result of the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen, the city of Najran was shelled by the Houthis on 5 May. The Saudi authorities temporarily closed local educational institutions and the Najran Domestic Airport.


title: Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict

text: Ahrar al-Najran troops attacked a military base in Najran on 9 July, seizing a number of weapons and electronic equipment belonging to Saudi Arabia's security services, and destroying an armored vehicle and a mortar-launching vehicle, both belonging to the Saudi Army. Two Ahrar al-Najran fighters and 15 Saudi soldiers were killed in the clashes.


title: China Construction Bank

text: China Construction Bank Corporation (CCB) is one of the "big four" banks in China. In 2015, CCB was the 2nd largest bank in the world by market capitalization and 6th largest company in the world. The bank has approximately 13,629 domestic branches. In addition, it maintains overseas branches in Barcelona, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, New York City, Seoul, Singapore, Tokyo, Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Santiago de Chile, Brisbane, Sydney and Auckland, and a wholly owned subsidiary in London. Its total assets reached CN¥ 8.7 trillion in 2009, and it is considered a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. Its headquarters is in Xicheng District, Beijing.


title: China Construction Bank

text: CCB was founded on 1 October 1954 under the name of People's Construction Bank of China (), and later changed to China Construction Bank on 26 March 1996.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In January 2002, CCB Chairman Wang Xuebing resigned from the bank after being charged with accepting bribes while he was employed with Bank of China; he was sentenced to 12 years in prison. In March 2005, his successor, Zhang Enzhao, resigned for "personal reasons". Just prior to his resignation, he had been charged in a lawsuit with accepting a US$1 million bribe. He was later sentenced to 15 years in jail in connection with the case.


title: China Construction Bank

text: China Construction Bank Corporation was formed as a joint-stock commercial bank in September 2004 as a result of a separation procedure undertaken by its predecessor, China Construction Bank, under the PRC Company Law. Following the China Banking Regulatory Committee's approval on 14 September 2004, the next day the bank (Jianyin) became a separate legal entity, owned by the Chinese government holding company, Central Huijin Investment Company or simply Huijin.


title: China Construction Bank

text: During the 2013 Korean crisis, the China Construction Bank halted business with a North Korean bank accused by the United States of financing Pyongyang's missile and nuclear programs.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2015, China Construction Bank ranks the 2nd in "Forbes"’ 13th annual Global 2000 ranking of the biggest, most powerful and most valuable companies in the world.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2021, China Construction Bank ranks the 3rd largest bank around the world in Forbes' 2021 Global 2000 list.It ranks 5th in Forbes' 2022 Global 2000 list.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2005, Bank of America acquired a 9% stake in China Construction Bank for US$3 billion. It represented the company's largest foray into China's growing banking sector. Bank of America currently has offices in Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Guangzhou and sought to expand its Chinese business as a result of this deal.


title: China Construction Bank

text: On or about 5 June 2008, Bank of America purchased 6 billion H-shares for approximately HK$2.42 per share using call options under a formula in the initial acquisition agreement. Bank of America now holds about 25.1 billion H-shares, representing about 10.75% of CCB's issued shares. Bank of America may not sell the 6 billion shares that it purchased from Huijin using the call option before 29 August 2011 without prior consent of CCB. Bank of America still has the option to purchase additional shares.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In May 2009, speculation was raised that US$7.3 billion worth of CCB shares had been sold by BoA after being ordered to obtain more capital following the results of the Dodd-Frank Act Annual Stress Test.


title: China Construction Bank

text: On 29 August 2011, Bank of America announced it would sell approximately half its stake in CCB (13.1 billion shares worth about US$8.3 billion) to an undisclosed group of investors.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In September 2013, Bank of America sold its remaining stake in the China Construction Bank for as much as $1.5 billion.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In June 2017, China Construction Bank (Malaysia) signs 13 Memorandum of Understandings on its opening day in Malaysia.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2006, CCB acquired Bank of America (Asia), which started in 1912 in Hong Kong as Bank of Canton, and had a subsidiary in Macao.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2008, CCB submitted an application to the New York State Banking Department and the Federal Reserve Board to establish a branch in New York City. CCB officially opened its New York branch on 6 June 2009.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In 2016, CCB Indonesia was founded by the merger between two banks: Bank Windu Kentjana and Bank Anda.


title: China Construction Bank

text: China Construction Bank investment division launched a CN¥5 billion (US$731.3 million) fund called China Healthcare Investment Fund to focus on investments in China's rapidly growing healthcare sector. The fund focuses on investments in healthcare related sectors including pharmacy, medical equipment manufacturing, medical institutions and services. It is the first domestic investment fund specializing in investments in China's healthcare industry.


title: China Construction Bank

text: In late 2005, China Construction Bank made an initial public offering on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. In late 2007, it made China's second-largest initial public offering of CN¥57.12 billion (US$7.6 billion) on the Shanghai Stock Exchange.


title: China Construction Bank

text: The bank is a component of Hang Seng Index, SSE 180 Index and other indexes of Pan-Chinese and Pan-Asia stock exchanges, such as CSI 300 Index, Hang Seng China 50 Index, FTSE China A50 Index and S&P Asia 50.


title: Dancing with the Stars (American season 27)

text: On November 19, radio personality Bobby Bones and Sharna Burgess were crowned the champions, while Disney Channel star Milo Manheim and Witney Carson finished in second place, actress Evanna Lynch and Keo Motsepe finished in third place, and social media personality Alexis Ren and Alan Bersten finished in fourth.


text: The thirteen professional dancers were revealed on "Good Morning America" on August 28, 2018. The ten professionals from last season returned, along with Cheryl Burke and Valentin Chmerkovskiy, both of whom last competed in season 25. Troupe dancer Brandon Armstrong made his debut in the pro lineup. Nancy McKeon was announced as the first celebrity competing for the season, partnered with Chmerkovskiy. On September 12, the rest of the cast was revealed on "Good Morning America". The dance troupe for season 27 consisted of season 26 troupe members Artur Adamski, Hayley Erbert, Britt Stewart, and Morgan Larson; along with newcomer Vladislav Kvartin.


text: Tom Bergeron and Erin Andrews returned as hosts, while Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, and Bruno Tonioli returned as judges.


text: The best and worst performances in each dance according to the judges' 30-point scale are as follows:


text: "Individual judges' scores in the charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli."


text: On the first night, couples danced the cha-cha-cha, foxtrot, jive, quickstep, or salsa. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


text: On the second night, the bottom five couples were given a chance to dance again, in the same style as the first night, but with new music and choreography.


text: The couples performanced two different unlearned dances that paid tribute to the sights and sounds of New York City and Las Vegas. The Argentine tango, Charleston, jazz, paso doble, samba, tango, and waltz were introduced. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


text: The couples performed one unlearned dance to celebrate the most memorable year of their lives. Contemporary, rumba and Viennese waltz were introduced. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


text: The couples performed a trio dance with a past celebrity contestant or a personal acquaintance. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


text: The couples performed one unlearned dance to a song from a Disney film. Couples are listed in the order they performed. There was no elimination.


text: The couples performed one unlearned dance to a Halloween-themed song. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


text: The couples performed one unlearned dance and a team dance to country songs. Couples are listed in the order they performed. Two couples were sent home at the end of the night in a double elimination.


text: The couples performed an unlearned dance dedicated to a meaningful person in their life. Afterward, the couples performed their week 1 dance styles to a new song that was coached by one of the three judges. Couples are listed in the order they performed. Two couples were sent home at the end of the night in a double elimination.


text: The couples performed their favorite dance of the season and a freestyle routine. Couples are listed in the order they performed.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: Jerick Deshun McKinnon (born May 3, 1992), nicknamed Jet, is an American football running back for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Georgia Southern and was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the third round of the 2014 NFL Draft. He has also played for the San Francisco 49ers.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon attended Sprayberry High School in Marietta, Georgia, where he played football and ran track. In football, he played quarterback, running back and wide receiver. He was an Atlanta Journal-Constitution first-team all-state pick at quarterback. He was also tabbed first-team all-state by the Georgia Sports Writers Association as an athlete and named Region VII AAAA Player of the Year. He lettered four times on the gridiron for the Yellow Jackets, starting in each of his final three seasons. As a junior, he was a member of the team that won the region championship playing as a wide receiver en route to earning MVP accolades for the National Underclassmen Ultimate 100. He passed for 1,500 yards and rushed for 1,300 more as a senior, picking up Cobb County Touchdown Club Quarterback of the Year honors in 2009.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: Away from the gridiron, McKinnon lettered twice for the Yellow Jackets track & field team, competing in the 100-meter dash (captured the Region VII-AAAA title with a time of 11.04 seconds as a junior), 200-meter dash (placed seventh at the Region VII-AAAA with a time 22.61 seconds) and in the long jump (personal-best leap of 21'8" or 6.63 meters) for the outdoor squad. He was also a member of the 4 × 100 m relay team (42.33 as a senior) and was timed at 4.46 in the 40-yard dash according to Rivals.com.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: Regarded as a three-star recruit by Rivals.com, McKinnon committed to Georgia Southern on February 3, 2010. He chose the Eagles over scholarship offers from the Air Force and the Navy.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon was originally recruited as a quarterback, handling special team chores before being used as a quarterback and slotback during the 2010 campaign. He played in GSU's triple-option attack from the quarterbacking position through his junior season but was utilized more often as a tailback during his senior season. McKinnon, a four-year letter winner, finished his career third all-time on the Georgia Southern list with 3,899 rushing yards and 42 touchdowns (4,138 all-purpose), behind only Adrian Peterson, who had 6,559 yards (NCAA Division I all-time leading rusher from 1998 to 2001) and Jermaine Austin, who posted 5,411 from 2002 to 2005. He also caught 10 passes for 165 yards and a score, completed 32-of-81 passes (39.50%) for 929 yards, 12 touchdowns, and five interceptions, gained 74 yards on four kickoff returns and also recorded five tackles (four solos) with a pair of pass deflections, two interceptions, and two quarterback pressures.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: In his first season in Statesboro, McKinnon chose to wear number 15. He played in 10 games for the Eagles, rushing for 430 yards on 109 attempts and 3 touchdowns. He picked up his first career score against Savannah State, taking over the quarterback duties in the fourth quarter. He briefly owned the record for most rushing attempts in a single game after rushing for a top single-game mark of 182 yards on 35 attempts at The Citadel, 84 of those yards came in the second quarter as he helped lead the Eagles to their first shutout of an opponent since 2003. In the GSU game, McKinnon assumed signal calling after Jaybo Shaw was injured early in the game. He made his first career start against Samford the following week, and had a one-yard touchdown run for his first score against the Bulldogs. He directed the Eagles to their third-highest rushing total of the year with 323 yards against South Carolina State.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon played in 13 games with seven starts as a sophomore. He was the only player on the Eagles roster to throw, run and catch a touchdown pass during the season. He finished the season with 705 all-purpose yards and nine combined touchdowns (seven rushing, one receiving, and one passing). In the season opener at Samford on September 3, he rushed 12 times for 80 yards and scored two touchdowns. He rushed for a touchdown and caught a touchdown pass in the home opener against Tusculum on September 10. Against Western Carolina in week 4, he totaled a season-high 114 rushing yards and two scores on 10 carries and completed two passes for 39 yards and a touchdown. He compiled 98 rushing yards on just nine carries against Presbyterian. He played three playoff games on defense and totaled four tackles and two pass breakups, while also intercepting two passes in the Maine FCS Playoff game. In that game, he also returned one kickoff for 41 yards.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: In 2012, McKinnon joined Georgia Southern's upper echelon of running backs with 1,817 rushing yards on 269 attempts, third-highest single-season total after Adrian Peterson's record 1,932 yards in 1998 and Jayson Foster in second with 1,844 in 2007. For his season efforts, he earned first-team All-American honors at quarterback from the College Sports Journal and College Sporting News and was awarded the Iron Works Dedication Trophy (awarded to the team's most outstanding lifter). McKinnon's team-best 129.8 rushing yards per game average ranked seventh nationally and was 8th on Georgia Southern's single-season list, most by a quarterback since Jayson Foster in 2007 (167.6), while his 20 rushing touchdowns in the season ranked seventh on the single-season list. He led the Eagles in rushing six times, with significant influence on Georgia Southern's ninth NCAA rushing title (399.4 ypg), best across all divisions. He was also a factor in Eagles claiming four of the top seven NCAA Division I single-game rushing totals. Of Georgia Southern's 63 offensive plays of 25 yards or longer in 2012, McKinnon had a hand in 30 (17 rushing plays, seven rushing touchdowns).


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: In the season opener against Jacksonville, he rushed for 71 yards and a touchdown playing at both B-back and quarterback. On December 2, he had top season marks for rushing attempts with 34 and rushing yards with 316 against Central Arkansas in a playoff game (12–1), to surpass the single-game record for rushing yards by a quarterback, previously held by Jayson Foster. McKinnon's 316-yard effort was third-best in the FCS, eighth-best in Division I and just 17 yards shy of tying the Georgia Southern single-game record held by Adrian Peterson, who had 333 against UMass back in 1999. His longest runs were of 57, 52 and 51 yards; the 57-yarder romp ended the Eagles’ three-play scoring drive for the first touchdown of the game, while the 51-yarder brought Georgia Southern inside the 10 where he punched it in for his second rushing touchdown of the day. He was also credited with 79 passing yards against the Bears, including a 47-yard completion to Zach Walker and a 32-yard touchdown reception by Darreion Robinson. He gained 171 yards and scored a season-best four rushing touchdown against Old Dominion with three of them coming in the fourth quarter. After flipping roles with Darreion Robinson, he caught a 15-yard pass to convert on 3rd-and-6 in ODU territory. Against Furman, he flirted with the 200-yard rushing yards total, but finished with 198 and three rushing touchdowns. Against Howard, he accounted for five touchdowns, three rushing and two pass completions for touchdowns. He sprinted for a season-long rush of 87 yards for a touchdown in only 12 seconds. McKinnon's 87-yard scoring play against the Bisons ranks as the third-longest in Georgia Southern history behind only Mark Myer's 92-yard score run against Appalachian State in 2002 and Adrian Peterson's 91-yard score against East Tennessee State in 1998. He had two passing touchdowns at Western Carolina. He hooked up with Zack Walker for one of the shortest touchdown drives of the year, a career-long 75-yard pass, the longest pass completion of the 2012 season, and 11th-longest in Georgia Southern history, against Furman in a mere 10 seconds. In that game, he threw for a team season and career-best 119 yards against the Paladins. In a victory over Samford, he took over at quarterback and led the Eagles in rushing with 162 yards, averaging 12.5 yards per carry. He rushed for three touchdowns and a game-ending two-point conversion in a triple-overtime thriller at Chattanooga for a total of 20 points. He eluded three Moc defenders rolling left and dashing into the endzone for the game-winning touchdown and followed that play with the two-point conversion. His total of 141 rushing yards against the Mocs started his streak of seven-straight games with 100 or more rushing yards. Against the Mocs, went 3-for-5 passing for 55 yards with a long throw of 40 to Zach Walker for an acrobatic catch that was featured on ESPN SportsCenter’s Top 10 plays of the day. That second-quarter pass completion put the Eagles in the red zone, making the way for McKinnon's second score of the night. Following his junior season, McKinnon was recognized as a National Strength and Conditioning (NSCA) All-American Strength and earned the Conditioning Athlete of the Year Award. He finished his junior season eighth on the Georgia Southern career list (2,849 yards), just behind Tracy Ham’s 3,212 yards (total includes regular-season games only).


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: As a senior in 2013, McKinnon's final year, he was Georgia Southern’s leading rusher with his second consecutive 1,000-yard rushing season with 1,050 yards (6.5 avg) and 12 rushing touchdowns, as well as four passing scores. He was selected for the initial watch list for the Walter Payton Award by The Sports Network and was named team MVP for the second straight year after earning the honors for the first time as a junior at the team's annual banquet. On November 23, he rushed for 125 yards on nine carries for a 13.9 average and scored the game-winning touchdown against Florida, which was Georgia Southern’s first win ever over a BCS team. He had a season-long run with a rush of 66 yards against the Gators, which was the longest recorded against the Gators in 2013. In week 1 against Savannah State, he scored the first touchdown of the Eagles’ 2013 season with a 66-yard run and threw for a touchdown with an eight-yard toss to Devin Scott against the Tigers, finishing the game with 107 rushing yards and 2 passes completed. He tied a career-best with two passing touchdowns against St. Francis, hitting Kentrellis Showers for a 35-yard touchdown pass and a season-long 50-yard score to Montay Crockett. He eclipsed the 3,000-yard rushing mark with 114 yards against Wofford with six double-digit carries and added two touchdowns in that game. Against The Citadel, he had two rushing touchdowns and 198 yards on the ground, and also picked up a reception and threw for the two-point conversion against the Bulldogs in that win. He directed the Eagles offense to majority of the 576 rushing yards and 10 touchdowns in the season opener as the highest single-game totals in NCAA Division I in 2013. McKinnon was involved in 12 of the Eagles’ longest plays of 2013, including the top three (two rushes of 66 yards, one 63-yard touchdown rush) and scored the first touchdown in six of the 10 games in which he played. He was honored as the Iron Works Dedication Award winner for the third time and second-straight year. Following his senior season, he was invited to the prestigious Reese's Senior Bowl.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon was invited to the 2014 NFL Scouting Combine, where he improved his stock by running unofficial times of 4.38 and 4.35 in the 40-yard dash (4.41 official, 2nd fastest among RBs) while leading all running backs in bench press reps with 32. He also showcased his athletic ability with a broad jump of 11'0" (3.35 m) and a vertical leap of 40.5" (1.03 m). Only four players at the NFL Combine topped McKinnon's 40.5-inch vertical jump, while his three-cone drill mark of 6.83 seconds and short-shuttle clocking of 4.12 seconds were also some of the best marks in the running back group. McKinnon's 32 bench press reps are the most among current NFL running backs at the NFL Scouting Combine.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon was drafted in the 3rd round (96th overall) by the Minnesota Vikings in the 2014 NFL Draft. He was the seventh running back to be selected that year. The pick was obtained as part of the Percy Harvin trade to Seattle in 2013.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: As a rookie, McKinnon led the Vikings with a 4.8 yard per carry average and ranked second on the team in rushing yards despite only playing in 11 games with six starts. In the season opener against the St. Louis Rams on September 7, he caught his first NFL pass from Matt Cassel, which went for one yard. He recorded a pair of 100-yard games on the season, with the first of them coming in Week 4 against the Atlanta Falcons with 135 yards rushing on 18 carries with a long of 55, which was the fifth-longest run by a rookie running back in the NFL in 2014. He became the first Vikings rookie to break the 100-yard mark since Adrian Peterson did it back in 2007. The second of them came against the Buffalo Bills' No. 1-ranked rush defense in Week 7 (103 yards on 19 attempts). He started his first career game against the Detroit Lions in Week 6, joining fellow rookie quarterback Teddy Bridgewater as the first quarterback/running back rookie starting tandem since 1961 for the Vikings when Fran Tarkenton and Tommy Mason opened the Detroit game in 1961. He finished the game with 40 yards on 11 carries and 42 yards on 6 receptions. He missed the game against the Carolina Panthers on November 30 and his promising rookie campaign ended when he was placed on injured reserve on December 6. Overall, McKinnon finished his rookie year with 538 rushing yards and 135 receiving yards.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: In 2015, McKinnon led the team for the second straight season in yards per carry with a 5.2 average and logged a career-high three total touchdowns. In the Vikings’ 38–17 win over the Chicago Bears in Week 15, which was McKinnon's 25th game as a pro, he stepped in after Adrian Peterson left the game due to an injury and responded with seven carries for ten yards and a career-high four receptions for 76 yards, including his first NFL touchdown on a 17-yard reception. McKinnon had his first career multi-touchdown game against the New York Giants the following week, rushing for a seven-yard touchdown and a career-long 68-yard touchdown to solidify a playoff-clinching win for the Vikings. In Week 17, he caught a team-leading 3 passes for 33 yards, had 4 rushes for 15 yards, recorded one special teams tackle and returned one kick for 24 yards to help the Vikings clinch the NFC North title in the regular-season finale against the Green Bay Packers on January 3, 2016. Overall, he finished the 2015 season with 271 rushing yards, two rushing touchdowns, 173 receiving yards, and a receiving touchdown. In the against the Seattle Seahawks, he finished with seven rushing yards and had three receptions for 22 yards in a narrow 10–9 loss.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: During Week 2, Adrian Peterson tore the meniscus in his right knee in a "Sunday Night Football" game against the Green Bay Packers in U.S. Bank Stadium, and after being placed on injured reserve, the Vikings announced McKinnon as the starter for the Week 3 game against the Carolina Panthers. Prior to the game, the team named Matt Asiata the starter, but McKinnon ended up leading the rushing attack with 45 yards on 16 carries and a 2-point conversion. In the Vikings' 24–10 victory over the New York Giants in Week 4, McKinnon earned the starting nod for the first time in the season and rushed 18 times for 85 yards and a touchdown, helping the team rush for a season-high 104 yards.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: Overall, in 15 games in the 2016 season, McKinnon finished with 539 rushing yards, two rushing touchdowns, 43 receptions, 255 receiving yards, and two receiving touchdowns.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon entered the 2017 season second on the depth chart behind rookie Dalvin Cook. After Cook tore his ACL in a Week 4 14–7 loss against the Detroit Lions, McKinnon remained second on the depth chart after being surpassed by Latavius Murray. On October 9, against the Chicago Bears, he had a season-high 95 rushing yards and a rushing touchdown in the 20–17 victory. On December 17, against the Cincinnati Bengals, McKinnon had seven receptions for 114 yards to go along with 24 rushing yards in the 34–7 victory. McKinnon finished the 2017 regular-season with a career-high 570 rushing yards and three touchdowns along with 51 receptions for 421 yards and two touchdowns.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: The Vikings made the playoffs and earned a first-round bye with the #2-seed. In the Divisional Round against the New Orleans Saints, McKinnon rushed for 34 yards and a touchdown while also catching three receptions for six yards in a miraculous 29–24 victory. In the against the Philadelphia Eagles, he had 40 rushing yards to go along with 11 receptions for 86 yards in the 38–7 loss.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: On September 1, 2018, McKinnon tore his ACL during a team workout, prematurely ending his season. He was placed on injured reserve two days later.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon suffered a setback from his knee surgery during training camp and was placed on season-ending injured reserve on August 31, 2019. Without McKinnon, the 49ers reached Super Bowl LIV, but lost 31–20 to the Kansas City Chiefs.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon made his return to the NFL in Week 1 of the 2020 season against the Arizona Cardinals. He had three carries for 24 rushing yards to go along with three receptions for 20 receiving yards and one receiving touchdown in the 24–20 loss. During Week 2 against the New York Jets, McKinnon had a 55-yard run on a 3rd-and-31 situation. Overall, he finished the game with three attempts for 77 rushing yards (25.7 yards per carry) and a touchdown as the 49ers won 31–13. McKinnon scored a touchdown in the following two games to give him four consecutive games with a touchdown to start the season. Overall, McKinnon finished the 2020 season with 81 carries for 319 rushing yards and five rushing touchdowns to go along with 33 receptions for 253 receiving yards and one receiving touchdown.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: McKinnon signed a one-year contract with the Kansas City Chiefs on April 30, 2021. He was placed on injured reserve on November 30. He was activated on January 1, 2022. In the regular season-ending Week 18 game against the Denver Broncos, McKinnon scored his first rushing touchdown with Kansas City. The Chiefs defeated the Broncos 28-24.


title: Jerick McKinnon

text: In the against the Pittsburgh Steelers, McKinnon scored a receiving touchdown as part of a 142-scrimmage yard day in the 42–21 victory. He re-signed with the team on June 14, 2022.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Lionel Blair (born Henry Lionel Ogus; 12 December 1928 – 4 November 2021) was a Canadian-born British actor, choreographer, tap dancer, and television presenter. From the late 1960s until the early 1980s, he made regular appearances as a dancer and entertainer on British television. He also presented the quiz programme "Name That Tune", and was a team captain on the televised charades gameshow "Give Us a Clue".


title: Lionel Blair

text: Henry Lionel Ogus was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He was born to Jewish parents, Myer Ogus and Debora "Della" Greenbaum. His father, a barber, emigrated from Russia to Canada to start a new life, and his wife joined him shortly afterwards.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair came to Britain when he was two years old, and the family settled at Stamford Hill in north London, where his father continued to work as a barber. Although his parents were Jewish they were not orthodox; they would eat chicken on a Friday night, but also ate bacon. Due to the anti-semitism of the time, his father changed the family name to Blair.


title: Lionel Blair

text: His first public performances were with his sister Joyce (1932–2006) in the Manor House Underground station air raid shelters and on the trains of the Piccadilly line during the air raids of the Second World War. During the Blitz, mother and children were evacuated to Oxford, but when they saw a German plane crash from the back garden, the family decided they might as well be in London. When Blair was thirteen, his father died after what should have been a routine operation on an ulcer. After this, Blair became the breadwinner for the family and took to the stage. He started out with girlish parts, as his voice had not yet broken.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair was singled out in several reviews for his performance as one of the children in a touring performance of the play "Watch on the Rhine" during 1943, and attended the Royal Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford in 1944. In 1946, he joined a touring company called the Savoy Players.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair eventually rekindled his passion for musical theatre and began working in the West End. He gave up acting for dancing in 1947, although he subsequently appeared in a national tour of "Who Killed Agatha Christie". He took his stage name around this time, later changing it by deed poll just before he married in 1967; his sister also decided to use the same surname professionally.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Before his break into television, Blair had played juvenile lead in "The Five Past Eight Show" at the Alhambra Theatre, Glasgow, where he played straight man to many Scottish comedians, including Jimmy Logan and Rikki Fulton. Blair later said: "They were very funny, but they were also brilliant actors, and I learnt everything I needed to from them." By the mid-1950s he was choreographing shows at the Alhambra which were considered stylish and were hugely popular.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair came to the fore in the 1960s when, with his dance troupe, he appeared on television variety programmes. He also appeared in the films "The Limping Man" (1953), "The World of Suzie Wong" (1960), "The Cool Mikado" (1963), "The Beauty Jungle" (1964), "A Hard Day's Night" (1964), "Maroc 7" (1967) and "Absolute Beginners" (1986), cameoed in an episode of "The Persuaders!", and appeared in television comedy, including the short film, "The Plank". In addition, he choreographed films such as "Jazz Boat" (1960), in which he made an uncredited appearance, and "The Magic Christian" (1969). He appeared in Miss World 1969 and 1970 at the Royal Albert Hall in London.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair was one of the team captains on the game show "Give Us a Clue" from 1979 until the early 1990s, and was the second presenter of the British version of "Name That Tune" in the 1980s.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 1980, he made a small contribution to the children's music album "Captain Beaky and His Band". In 1983, he appeared as the celebrity dart player for charity on "Bullseye". He published his autobiography "Stagestruck" in 1985. In 2005, he took part in the Channel Five reality series, "The Farm". Until 2005, he appeared extensively in pantomime, for which he earned up to £15,000 a week.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 1988, Blair made an appearance in aid of charity on the British television game show "Catchphrase", hosted by Irish comedian Roy Walker. Other celebrities also appeared alongside Blair, including radio DJ Chris Tarrant.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 2003, Blair released his first full-length album as a singer, in a tribute to Fred Astaire titled "Blair Sings Astaire", together with the Jive Aces.


title: Lionel Blair

text: He took part in the 2007 Christmas special of the Ricky Gervais show "Extras", as himself, portraying the end-stages of his showbiz career by trying to keep up his profile by appearing on "Celebrity Big Brother".


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 2009, twenty-one years after Chris Rea's "Driving Home for Christmas" was first released, Blair starred in an original video for the song that was made in aid of Shelter. All proceeds from the digital download were donated to the charity.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In July 2010, Blair appeared in the "Great British Dog Walks" feature on ITV's "This Morning" with his dog Lola. The same year, he took part in the BBC's "The Young Ones", in which six celebrities in their seventies and eighties attempted to overcome some of the problems of ageing by harking back to the 1970s.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In December 2010, he appeared briefly in a sketch with Ronnie Corbett and Rob Brydon in BBC One's "The One Ronnie". On 24 December 2011, he appeared on the ITV programme "Text Santa" with Ant & Dec. In 2012, he was cast in the film version of Ray Cooney's farce "Run for Your Wife". On 3 January 2014, he entered the "Celebrity Big Brother" house with "Made in Chelsea" media personality Ollie Locke, after being handcuffed together as part of a task set by Big Brother. He became the third housemate to be evicted on 17 January 2014.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair continued to work as an actor, having filmed an episode of BBC One's medical soap opera "Doctors" in 2014.


title: Lionel Blair

text: He appeared in the British short film "Evil's Evil Cousin" in 2016. On 14 December that year, he guested on the ITV panel show, "Loose Women", to announce and celebrate his recent 88th birthday. The panellists presented him with a personalised cake. In 2017, Blair was one of the celebrities appearing in the second series of the BBC reality series "The Real Marigold Hotel".


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 2018, he joined 26 other celebrities at Metropolis Studios, to perform an original Christmas song called "Rock with Rudolph", a song written and produced by Grahame and Jack Corbyn. The song was recorded in aid of Great Ormond Street Hospital and was released digitally by the independent record label Saga Entertainment on 30 November 2018 under the artist name the Celebs. The music video debuted exclusively with "The Sun" on 29 November 2018, and had its first TV showing on "Good Morning Britain" on 30 November 2018. Blair appeared on "Loose Women" on 13 December to help promote the single and celebrate his 90th birthday. The song peaked at number two on the iTunes pop chart.


title: Lionel Blair

text: In 2019, he received the honour of being named "Oldie of the Year" at the annual awards promoted by "The Oldie" magazine.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair found working on pantomime particularly lucrative and reported that he could earn £100,000 for a six-week run.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair, and his incorrectly assumed homosexuality, was a recurring joke on the long-running BBC Radio 4 series "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue". The constant jibes upset his family and his children were bullied at school as a result.


title: Lionel Blair

text: Blair married Susan Davis at Kensington Register Office on 21 March 1967, with Bernie Winters as best man. They had three children and three grandchildren and celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary on 21 March 2017. The couple lived in Banstead, Surrey.


title: Lionel Blair

text: On 21 September 2006, Blair and comedian Alan Carr helped save a man about to fall from a pier in Blackpool. The man was holding on by his fingers.


title: Hajji

text: Hajji (; sometimes spelled Hadji, Haji, Alhaji, Al-Hadj, Al-Haj or El-Hajj) is an honorific title which is given to a Muslim who has successfully completed the Hajj to Mecca. It is also often used to refer to an elder, since it can take years to accumulate the wealth to fund the travel (and did particularly before the advent of mass air travel), and in many Muslim societies to a respected man as an honorific title. The title is placed before a person's name; for example, Saif Gani becomes "Hajji Saif Gani".


title: Hajji

text: Hadži is also used in Orthodox Christianity for people who go on pilgrimage to the grave of Christ in Jerusalem. It can then be added to the pilgrim's first name, e.g., Hadži-Prodan, Hadži-Đera, Hadži-Ruvim, Hadži-Melentije Stevanović


title: Hajji

text: Hajji is derived from the Arabic ', which is the active participle of the verb ' ("to make the pilgrimage"). The alternative form "" is derived from the name of the Hajj with the adjectival suffix -"ī", and this was the form adopted by non-Arabic languages. In some areas the title has become a family name, for example in the Bosniak surname "Hadžiosmanović" ("son of Hajji Osman").


title: Hajji

text: In Arab countries, ' and ' (pronunciation varies according to the form of Arabic spoken) is a commonly used manner of addressing any older person respectfully, regardless of whether or not the person in question has actually performed the pilgrimage.


title: Hajji

text: In Malay-speaking countries, and are titles given to Muslim males and females respectively who have performed the pilgrimage. These are abbreviated as Hj. and Hjh.


title: Hajji

text: The term is also used in the Balkan Christian countries that were once under caliphate rule (Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Romania) for a Christian who had traveled to Jerusalem and the Holy Lands.


title: Hajji

text: In Cyprus the title became so prevalent as to be permanently integrated into some Greek Christian family names, such as Hajiioannou. This was due to Cyprus being so close to the Holy Lands and Jerusalem, as Cyprus became a place where Christians and Muslims intermixed freely for many centuries.


title: Hajji

text: In Iran the honorific title "Haj" () is sometimes used for IRGC commanders, instead of the title "Sardar" ("General"), such as for Qasem Soleimani.


title: Hajji

text: The title has also been used in Jewish communities to honor those who made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem or other holy sites in Israel.


title: Hajji

text: In the 21st century, American soldiers began using the term "Haji" as slang for Iraqis, Afghans, or Arab people in general. It is used in the way "gook" or "Charlie" was used by U.S military personnel during the Vietnam War.


title: Unclean animal

text: In some religions, an unclean animal is an animal whose consumption or handling is taboo. According to these religions, persons who handle such animals may need to ritually purify themselves to get rid of their uncleanliness.


title: Unclean animal

text: In Judaism, the concept of "impure animals" plays a prominent role in the Kashrut, the part of Jewish law that specifies which foods are allowed ("kosher") or forbidden to Jews. These laws are based upon the Books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy of the Torah and in the extensive body of rabbinical commentaries (the Talmud).


title: Unclean animal

text: The concept of unclean animals is also mentioned in the Book of Genesis, when Noah is instructed to bring into the Ark all sorts "of pure beasts, and of beasts that are impure, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth".


title: Unclean animal

text: In the Torah, some animals are explicitly named as pure or impure, while others are classified by anatomical characteristics or other criteria. In some cases, there is some doubt as to the precise meaning of the Biblical Hebrew animal name.


title: Unclean animal

text: According to Jewish dietary laws, to be "pure" an animal must also be free from certain defects and must be slaughtered and cleaned according to specific regulations ("Shechita").


title: Unclean animal

text: Any product of an impure or improperly slaughtered animal is also non-kosher. Animal gelatin, for example, has been avoided, although recently kosher gelatin (from cows or from fish prepared according to kosher regulations) has become available.; the status of shellac is controversial. The prohibitions also extend to certain parts of pure animals, such as blood, certain fat tissues, and the sciatic nerves.


title: Unclean animal

text: Finally, it is forbidden to cook the meat of an animal in the milk or dairy product of that same animal, which has in turn led to the traditional practice of using separate complete sets of kitchen utensils for meat and dairy so as to totally ensure this rule is not broken.


title: Unclean animal

text: The Torah does not classify animals under modern scientific categories of mammals, fish, reptiles and birds. Rather, the religious categories are land-dwelling animals (land mammals, flightless birds, and land reptiles, etc.), flying animals (birds, insects, flying mammals such as bats), and given that each of these religious categories of animals includes species of at least two or more of each scientific categories of animals, there is no general "kashrut" rules relating per se to mammals, birds, reptiles, or fish. However, rules for each of these classes of animals can be extrapolated from the biblical requirements.


title: Unclean animal

text: According to the Torah, land-dwelling animals that "both" chew the cud (ruminate) and have cloven hooves, are kosher.


title: Unclean animal

text: By these requirements, any land-dwelling animal that is kosher can only possibly be a mammal, but even then, permitted are only those mammals that are placentals and strictly herbivorous (not omnivores nor carnivores) that both ruminate and also have cloven hooves, such as bovines (cattle/cows, bison, buffalos, yak, etc.), sheep, goats, deer, antelope, and technically, also giraffes.


title: Unclean animal

text: Although the giraffe falls under the kosher category by its characteristics, it does not have a masorah (tradition) for its consumption by any Jewish community.


title: Unclean animal

text: All other mammals, land-dwelling or otherwise, are forbidden by the Torah, including "crawling creatures" such as mice, and flying mammals such as the various species of bats.


title: Unclean animal

text: Water-bound mammals, such as whales, dolphins, seals, and dugongs, are also not kosher as they do not have the characteristics required of kosher water-bound creatures which must have both fins and scales.


title: Unclean animal

text: Those land-dwelling mammals that have only one of the two characteristics of kosher land-dwellers (only ruminant or only cloven hooved) are impure and cannot be consumed.


title: Unclean animal

text: By default, therefore, not only are most land-dwelling mammals not kosher, but all land-dwelling non-mammals are also not kosher, including reptiles, amphibians, molluscs (including snails), etc.


title: Unclean animal

text: Among mammals that Leviticus cites explicitly as an example of unclean is the camel, because it ruminates but does not have a cloven hoof; the hyrax and the hare are also explicitly given as examples of being excluded as kosher on the same grounds. Quintessentially, the Torah explicitly declares the pig unclean, because it has cloven hooves but does not ruminate.


title: Unclean animal

text: According to , anything that comes from the water ("in the seas, and in the rivers") that has both fins and scales may be eaten. By those requirements, kosher water creatures can only possibly be fish, but even then, permitted are only those fish that have both fins and scales.


title: Unclean animal

text: All other non-fish water creatures are, by default, also not kosher, including amphibians, crustaceans, molluscs, water-bound mammals, water-bound reptiles, etc.


title: Unclean animal

text: While there is nothing specifically mentioned in Jewish "halakha" requiring kosher fish having an endoskeleton ("inner skeleton") and gills (as opposed to lungs), every true fish that has both scales and fins by default also possesses an endoskeleton and gills.


title: Unclean animal

text: Any sea creature that lacks gills and can only breathe oxygen from air through lungs, or has an exoskeleton instead of an endoskeleton, is by default not kosher.


title: Unclean animal

text: The definition of scales does not include the shells of prawns and shrimp, which are in fact the exoskeleton ("outer skeleton") of these animals, in the same manner as the shells of lobsters or crabs. Even if these shells were to be misidentified as scales, these creatures would still not be kosher as they lack fins.


title: Unclean animal

text: While not every fish that has fins will have scales, every true fish that has true fish scales by default also has fins.


title: Unclean animal

text: The Torah names only a few birds that may not be eaten; those not in the list are presumed to be kosher. However, the precise identity of the unclean birds is a matter of contention in traditional Jewish texts. It is therefore common to eat only birds with a clear "masorah" (tradition) of being kosher in at least one Jewish community, such as domestic fowl.


title: Unclean animal

text: Leviticus 11 lists, among other things, the specifically non-kosher birds. The Hebrew names listed have been translated as follows:


title: Unclean animal

text: The Torah allows eating certain kinds of "winged swarming things" (e.g. insects) while prohibiting others. However, due to uncertainty about the Hebrew insect names, rabbis today recommend that all insects be considered unclean.


title: Unclean animal

text: An exception is made for certain locusts ("Schistocerca gregaria"), which are traditionally considered kosher by some Yemenite Jewish communities.


title: Unclean animal

text: The following animals are considered to be impure according to and , based on Rashi's identification:


title: Unclean animal

text: Some scholars have conjectured that the Jewish concept of "unclean animals" arose out of public health concerns by community leaders, since, in the conditions of the times, some of those animals are indeed more likely to cause food poisoning or transmit diseases to people who consume them.


title: Unclean animal

text: British anthropologist Mary Douglas proposed that the "unclean" label had philosophical grounds, namely it was cast on foods that did not seem to fall neatly into any symbolic category. The pig, for example, was seen as an "ambiguous" creature, because it has cloven hooves like cattle, but does not chew cud.


title: Unclean animal

text: In the very early days of Christianity it was debated if converts ought to follow Jewish customs (including circumcision and dietary laws) or not. According to the account of the Council of Jerusalem in , a compromise was reached between those who wanted full compliance and those who favored a more liberal view. It was agreed that the converted gentiles would have to bear "no greater burden than these necessary things: that ye abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication".


title: Unclean animal

text: While the majority of Christians agree that the dietary restrictions of the Old Testament were lifted with Christ's New Covenant, a view known as supersessionism, there are Torah-submissive Christians who believe that they should still be observed.


title: Unclean animal

text: Some, like the Seventh Day Adventists, argue that the liberal view would imply the acceptance even of alcohol, tobacco, rats and roaches as "clean food"; and that God never declares something an abomination and then changes his mind.


title: Unclean animal

text: Supporters of the stricter view have also disputed the interpretation of Peter's vision , claiming that God was merely instructing him not to refer to gentiles as "unclean" since salvation had been extended to them. This is expressly stated by Peter later in the chapter at Acts 10:28 ("but God hath shewed me that I should not call any man common or unclean.") In Acts 10:14 Peter makes a distinction between "common" (Greek κοινόν) and "unclean" (Greek ακάθαρτον) to which God replies in the next verse "What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common [κοίνου]".


title: Unclean animal

text: One modern example of a Torah-submissive group is the Seventh-day Adventist Church, whose co-founder Ellen G. White was a proponent of vegetarianism. Many Seventh-day Adventists avoid meat for health reasons, although vegetarianism is not a requirement. Members of the United Church of God as well as other Sabbath-keeping Christian Churches also believe in abstaining from unclean meats.


title: Unclean animal

text: Adventists are known for presenting a "health message" that advocates vegetarianism and expects adherence to the kosher laws, particularly the consumption of kosher foods described in Leviticus 11, meaning abstinence from pork, shellfish, and other animals proscribed as "unclean".


title: Unclean animal

text: In both the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo churches kosher diets are advocated for, and non-kosher diets are strictly forbidden in both the churches, meat coming from swine and non-kosher animals are restricted by both churches.


title: Unclean animal

text: In Islam several animals are considered unclean and their consumption is sinful ("harām"), except in case of necessity; while others are permitted ("halāl"), as long as they are slaughtered in the proper manner and with blessings given to God.


title: Unclean animal

text: The Quran expressly forbids consumption of "the flesh of swine" There are no other "impure animals" explicitly named in the Qur'an. If someone converts to Islam, Allah "allows them as lawful what is good and prohibits them from what is bad; he releases them from their heavy burdens and from the yokes that were upon them".


title: Unclean animal

text: For other animals, great importance is given to the manner of its death: forbidden are blood and carrion ("dead meat"), and any animal that has been "killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by being gored to death". Also forbidden is any animal that has been eaten by a wild animal, unless the person is able to slaughter it before it dies.


title: Unclean animal

text: Finally, the Qur'an forbids food which has been invoked by a name other than Allah, which has been sacrificed on stone altars, or has been subjected to the pagan practice of raffling with arrows. Food slaughtered by an idolater is forbidden, but food that is acceptable to Jews and Christians is allowed to Muslims as well.


title: Unclean animal

text: According to the majority of Sunni scholars, dogs can be owned by farmers, hunters, and shepherds for the purpose of hunting and guarding and the Qur'an states that it is permissible to eat what trained dogs catch. Among the Bedouin, the saluki dogs are cherished as companions and allowed in the tents.


title: Unclean animal

text: According to a Sunni Islam Hadith, a plate that a dog has used for feeding must be washed seven times, including once with clean sand mixed with the water, before a person may eat from it.


title: Jack Starrett

text: Claude Ennis "Jack" Starrett Jr. (November 2, 1936 – March 27, 1989) was an American actor and film director.


title: Jack Starrett

text: Starrett is perhaps best known for his role as "Gabby Johnson", a parody of George "Gabby" Hayes, in the 1974 film "Blazing Saddles" and is also known for his role as the brutal deputy Art Galt in the 1982 action film "First Blood". He also played the cruel foreman Swick in "The River".


title: Jack Starrett

text: Starrett acted in the biker films "The Born Losers", "Hells Angels on Wheels" (both from 1967), "Angels from Hell" (1968) and "Hell's Bloody Devils" (1970), and directed two more: "Run, Angel, Run" in 1969 and "Nam's Angels" (1970) as well as the horror film "Race with the Devil" (1975) - that was filmed in his home state of Texas - in which he also played a gas station attendant.


title: Jack Starrett

text: Starrett was raised in Refugio, Texas and worked in the oil fields before coming to Hollywood. He starred in the 1961 film "Like Father Like Son" as Coach Jennings, and later reprised the role in "The Young Sinner" in 1965 and "Like Father Like Son" in 1987.


title: Jack Starrett

text: Valerie Starrett, his wife at one time, said Jack had always wished to direct rather than act. He made an uncredited first attempt at direction when the original director of "The Girls from Thunder Strip".


title: Jack Starrett

text: Throughout his career, Starrett directed feature films and episodes of television programs. In addition, he made guest appearances on TV shows including "Hill Street Blues", "Hunter", "The A-Team", and "Knight Rider" (in which he made three guest appearances as different characters.) Starrett starred in three short films directed by Tony Schweikle. Starrett and Schweikle stayed close friends until Starrett's death.


title: Jack Starrett

text: He played the mumbling Gabby Johnson in Mel Brooks' 1974 film "Blazing Saddles", which was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.


title: Jack Starrett

text: Starrett died from kidney failure in Sherman Oaks, California at the age of 52. At the time of his death he was married to Valerie Starrett. His daughter is Jennifer Starrett, who is also an actress.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 7,320. It is the county seat of Rockbridge County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Lexington (along with nearby Buena Vista) with Rockbridge County for statistical purposes. Lexington is about east of the West Virginia border and is about north of Roanoke, Virginia. It was first settled in 1778.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington is the location of the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) and of Washington and Lee University (W&L).


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington was named in 1778. It was the first of what would be many American places named after Lexington, Massachusetts, known for being the place at which the first shot was fired in the American Revolution.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: The Union General David Hunter led a raid on Virginia Military Institute during the American Civil War. Robert E. Lee and Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson are buried in the city. It is the site of the only house Jackson ever owned, now open to the public as a museum. Cyrus McCormick invented the horse-drawn mechanical reaper at his family's farm in Rockbridge County, and a statue of McCormick is located on the Washington and Lee University campus. McCormick Farm is now owned by Virginia Tech and is a satellite agricultural research center.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , virtually all of which is land. The Maury River, a tributary of the James River, forms the city's northeastern boundary.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Lexington has a humid subtropical climate, similar to Northern Italy, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. Average monthly temperatures range from 34.9 °F in January to 75.2 °F in July. The hardiness zone is 7a.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: "Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race."


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: As of the census of 2000, there were 6,867 people, 2,232 households, and 1,080 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,753.8 per square mile (,064.8/km). The racial makeup was 86.01% White, 10.38% African American, 0.26% Native American, 1.92% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander and 0.48% from other races, and 0.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.1% of the population.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: There were 2,232 households, of which 18.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.6% were non-families. 41.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.76.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: In the city, the population was spread out, with 11.0% under the age of 18, 41.4% from 18 to 24, 14.5% from 25 to 44, 16.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females, there were 123.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 127.2 males.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: The median income for a household in the city was $28,982, and the median income for a family was $58,529. Males had a median income of $35,288 versus $26,094 for females. The per capita income was $16,497. About 8.4% of families and 21.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Today, Lexington's primary economic activities stem from higher education and tourism. With its various connections to the Civil War, Lexington attracts visitors from around the country. Places of interest in Lexington include the Stonewall Jackson House, University Chapel, the George C. Marshall Museum, Virginia Military Institute Museum, Museum of Military Memorabilia, and the downtown historic district. Hull's Drive In theater attracts visitors to the area and was the first community-owned, non-profit drive-in in the U.S.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington also contains a host of small retail businesses, bed and breakfast inns, and restaurants catering to a unique mixture of local, tourist, and collegiate clientele. The historic R. E. Lee Hotel, built in the 1920s, underwent extensive renovation and re-opened its doors late 2014.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: "The News-Gazette" is the weekly community paper; it also produces a free shopper known as "The Weekender". The now-defunct "The Rockbridge Weekly", noted for printing police and other local crime reports, was bought by "The News-Gazette" in June 2012. "The Rockbridge Advocate" is a monthly news magazine with the motto "Independent as a hog on ice". "The Ring-tum Phi", student newspaper of W&L, has been published since 1897 (with a suspension for World War II).


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington is the city of license for radio stations WIQR (88.7 FM), WMRL (89.9 FM), and WLUR (91.5 FM) on W&L campus.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Lexington is located at the intersection of historic U.S. Route 11 and U.S. Route 60 and more modern highways, Interstate 64 and Interstate 81. RADAR Transit operates the Maury Express, which provides local bus service to Lexington and Buena Vista. The Virginia Breeze provides intercity bus service between Blacksburg and Washington, D.C., with a stop in Lexington.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: The 1938 movie, "Brother Rat", which starred Ronald Reagan, was shot in Lexington. After the release, Reagan was made an honorary VMI cadet. The 1958 "Mardi Gras" starred Pat Boone as a VMI cadet appearing with actress Christine Carère. "Sommersby" from 1993 starred Richard Gere, Bill Pullman, James Earl Jones, and Jodie Foster. "Foreign Student", released in 1994, was based on a novel of college life by former W&L student Phillipe Labro with related scenes made in town. In Fall 2004, the director Steven Spielberg and Tom Cruise filmed scenes for "War of the Worlds" here, with Dakota Fanning and Tim Robbins. In June 2013, filming took place for a movie titled "Field of Lost Shoes" about the Battle of New Market starring Luke Benward and Lauren Holly.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: Filming for parts of several Civil War films also took place in Lexington, including the documentary "Lee Beyond the Battles" and "Gods and Generals".


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: In 2011, the city erupted in controversy after the City Council passed an ordinance to ban the flying of flags other than the United States flag, the Virginia Flag, and an as-yet-undesigned city flag on city light poles. Various flags of the Confederacy had previously been flown on city light poles to commemorate the Virginia holiday, Lee–Jackson Day, which is observed on the Friday before Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. About 300 Confederate flag supporters, including members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, rallied before the City Council meeting, and after the vote the Sons of Confederate Veterans vowed to challenge the new local ordinance in court. Previously, flags such as the Washington and Lee University and Virginia Military Institute flags had also been flown on city light poles, but the practice is now discontinued due to the city's ordinance.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: In 2014, a large Confederate battle flag and a number of related state flags were removed from Lee Chapel at Washington and Lee University. The flags were moved to a rotating display at the Lee Chapel Museum.


title: Lexington, Virginia

text: The Red Hen restaurant was the site of the June 22, 2018, precipitating event for the Red Hen restaurant controversy in which a restaurant co-owner asked White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders to leave the restaurant by citing Huckabee Sanders' role in the Trump administration. The incident sparked national controversy.


The 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier A was a cricket tournament that took place in February 2022 in Oman, as one of two global tournaments that together form the final stage of the qualification process for the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. In April 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted full international status to Twenty20 men's matches played between member sides from 1 January 2019 onwards. Therefore, all the matches in the Global Qualifiers were Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is).


title: 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier A

text: Global Qualifier A was contested by eight teams that advanced from their Regional Finals, were eliminated in the first round of the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, or were one of the highest ranked sides not already qualified to this stage. The eight teams were placed in two groups, with two sides from each group advancing to the semi-finals. The two teams that reached the final of the Global Qualifier advanced to the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup in Australia.


text: Immediately prior to the Global Qualifier, Ireland, Nepal, Oman and the United Arab Emirates played in a quadrangular series at the same venue. Canada and Germany played two warm-up matches against each other, while Bahrain planned friendlies against Nepal and Philippines. In another practice fixture, Canada beat Bahrain by 38 runs. The Philippines, making their debut in a global qualifier, had not played a game for three years since securing their place in the event, and some of their players had never met before the squad assembled in Oman.


text: Ireland finished top of their group to secure a place in the semi-finals. The UAE also qualified for the semi-finals as runners-up in their group despite a two-run, defeat to Bahrain in their last game. Vriitya Aravind scored 24 runs in the final over to ensure that the UAE finished the group with a superior net run rate than Bahrain. Nepal finished top of the other group as the only unbeaten side in the group stage, with Oman also progressing as runners-up. In the semi-finals, Ireland beat Oman by 56 runs, and the UAE beat Nepal by 68 runs, with both teams qualifying for the T20 World Cup. The UAE beat Ireland in the final by seven wickets, following a century from Muhammad Waseem. Although both finalists had already secured their places at the T20 World Cup, the result of the final determined the groups in which they would be placed.


text: Ireland also named Neil Rock and Ben White as travelling reserves. Nepal named Pradeep Airee, Shahab Alam and Kushal Malla as travelling reserves. Karan KC was named in Nepal's squad and travelled to Oman, but was ruled out ahead of the tournament due to injury. Kushal Malla was added to the main squad on 19 February 2022 as a replacement for the injured Sharad Vesawkar. Shahi Fahim was also named as a reserve in Bahrain's travelling squad.


title: Attis

text: His priests were eunuchs, the "Galli", as explained by origin myths pertaining to Attis castrating himself. Attis was also a Phrygian vegetation deity. His self-mutilation, death, and resurrection represents the fruits of the earth, which die in winter only to rise again in the spring.


title: Attis

text: Nineteenth century scholarship wrongly identified the god "Attis" with the similar-sounding name of the god "Atys". The "name" "Atys" is often seen in ancient Aegean cultures; it was mentioned by Herodotus,


title: Attis

text: however Herodotus was describing Atys, the son of Croesus, a human in a historical account. The 19th century conflation of the man Atys's name with the mythology of the god he was presumably named after, "Atys the sun god, slain by the boar's tusk of winter", and hence a connection to similar-sounding Attis was a mistake, but the long-standing error is still found in modern sources.


title: Attis

text: An Attis cult began around 1250 BCE in Dindymon (today's Murat Dağı of Gediz, Kütahya, Turkey). He was originally a local semi-deity of Phrygia, associated with the great Phrygian trading city of Pessinos, which lay under the lee of Mount Agdistis. The mountain was personified as a "daemon", whom foreigners associated with the Great Mother Cybele.


title: Attis

text: In the late 4th century BCE, a cult of Attis became a feature of the Greek world. The story of his origins at Agdistis, recorded by the traveller Pausanias, have some distinctly non-Greek elements.


title: Attis

text: Pausanias was told that the "daemon" Agdistis initially bore both male and female sexual organs. The Olympian gods feared Agdistis and they conspired to cause Agditis to accidentally castrate themself. Blood from the wounded Agdistis spilled onto the soil and from this an almond tree grew. Later, Nana, a daughter of the river-god Sangarius, picked an almond from this tree and laid it in her bosom. The almond disappeared and she found herself pregnant before eventually giving birth to and abandoning the infant Attis.


title: Attis

text: The infant was tended by a he-goat. As Attis grew, his long-haired beauty was godlike, and his parent, Agdistis (as Cybele) then fell in love with him. But Attis' foster parents sent him to Pessinos, where he was to wed the king's daughter.


title: Attis

text: According to some versions the King of Pessinos was Midas. Just as the marriage-song was being sung, Agdistis / Cybele appeared in her transcendent power, and Attis went mad and castrated himself under a pine. When he died, violets grew from his blood. Attis' father-in-law-to-be, the king who was giving his daughter in marriage, followed suit, prefiguring the self-castrating corybantes who devoted themselves to Cybele. Agdistis asked Zeus to bring the young man back to life, but Zeus could only make sure that his body did not decompose, his hair continued to grow, and he moved his little finger .


title: Attis

text: At the temple of Cybele in Pessinus, the mother of the gods was still called Agdistis, the geographer Strabo recounted.


title: Attis

text: As neighbouring Lydia came to control Phrygia, the cult of Attis was given a Lydian context too. Attis is said to have introduced to Lydia the cult of the Mother Goddess Cybele, incurring the jealousy of Zeus, who sent a boar to destroy the Lydian crops. Then certain Lydians, with Attis himself, were killed by the boar. Pausanias adds, to corroborate this story, that the Gauls who inhabited Pessinos abstained from pork. This myth element may have been invented solely to explain the unusual dietary laws of the Lydian Gauls. In Rome, the eunuch followers of Cybele were called "galli".


title: Attis

text: It began in Anatolia and was adopted in Greece, and eventually Republican Rome; the cult of Attis, her reborn eunuch consort, accompanied her.


title: Attis

text: apparently before Attis had begun to be worshipped in Rome, as Attis' worship began in the early Empire.


title: Attis

text: In 1675, Jean-Baptiste Lully, who was attached to Louis XIV's court, composed an opera titled "Atys." In 1780, Niccolo Piccinni composed his own "Atys".


title: Attis

text: Emperor Julian's "Hymn to the Mother of Gods" contains a detailed Neoplatonic analysis of Attis. In that work Julian says: "Of him [Attis] the myth relates that, after being exposed at birth near the eddying stream of the river Gallus, he grew up like a flower, and when he had grown to be fair and tall, he was beloved by the Mother of the Gods. And she entrusted all things to him, and moreover set on his head the starry cap." On this passage, the scholiast (Wright) says: "The whole passage implies the identification of Attis with nature...cf. 162A where Attis is called 'Nature,' φύσις."


title: Attis

text: The most important representation of Attis is the lifesize statue discovered at Ostia Antica, near the mouth of Rome's river. The statue is of a reclining Attis, after the emasculation. In his left hand is a shepherd's crook, in his right hand a pomegranate. His head is crowned with a pine garland with fruits, bronze rays of the sun, and on his Phrygian cap is a crescent moon. It was discovered in 1867 at the Campus of the Magna Mater together with other statues. The objects seem to have been hidden there in late antiquity. A plaster cast of it sits in the apse of the Sanctuary of Attis at the Campus of the Magna Mater, while the original was moved to the Vatican Museums.


title: Attis

text: A marble bas-relief depicting Cybele in her chariot and Attis, from Magna Graecia, is in the archaeological museum in Venice. The pair also feature prominently on the silver Parabiago plate.


title: Attis

text: A finely executed silvery brass Attis that had been ritually consigned to the Moselle River was recovered during construction in 1963 and is kept at the Rheinisches Landesmuseum of Trier. It shows the typically Anatolian costume of the god: trousers fastened together down the front of the legs with toggles and the Phrygian cap.


title: Attis

text: In 2007, in the ruins of Herculaneum a wooden throne was discovered adorned with a relief of Attis beneath a sacred pine tree, gathering cones. Various finds suggest that the cult of Attis was popular in Herculaneum at the time of the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE.


title: Telephone numbers in the Americas

text: All countries in the Americas use codes that start with "5" except for: Canada, the United States and some Caribbean countries under the North American Numbering Plan use country calling code 1 and Greenland and Aruba with a country calling code starting with the number "2", which mostly is used by countries in Africa.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: Candide is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire. The operetta was first performed in 1956 with a libretto by Lillian Hellman; but since 1974 it has been generally performed with a book by Hugh Wheeler which is more faithful to Voltaire's novel. The primary lyricist was the poet Richard Wilbur. Other contributors to the text were John Latouche, Dorothy Parker, Lillian Hellman, Stephen Sondheim, John Mauceri, John Wells, and Bernstein himself. Maurice Peress and Hershy Kay contributed orchestrations. Although unsuccessful at its premiere, "Candide" has now overcome the unenthusiastic reaction of early audiences and critics and achieved more popularity.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: "Candide" was originally conceived by Lillian Hellman as a play with incidental music in the style of her previous work, "The Lark". Bernstein, however, was so excited about this idea that he convinced Hellman to do it as a "comic operetta"; she then wrote the original libretto for the operetta. Many lyricists worked on the show: first James Agee (whose work was ultimately not used), then Dorothy Parker, John Latouche and Richard Wilbur. In addition, the lyrics to "I Am Easily Assimilated" were done by Leonard and Felicia Bernstein, and Hellman wrote the words to "Eldorado". Hershy Kay orchestrated all but the overture, which Bernstein did himself.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: "Candide" first opened on Broadway as a musical on December 1, 1956, at the Martin Beck Theatre. The premiere production was directed by Tyrone Guthrie and conducted by Samuel Krachmalnick. The sets and costumes were designed by Oliver Smith and Irene Sharaff, respectively. It was choreographed by Anna Sokolow. It featured Robert Rounseville as Candide, Barbara Cook as Cunegonde, Max Adrian as Dr. Pangloss, and Irra Petina as the Old Lady. This production was a box office disaster, running only two months for a total of 73 performances. Hellman's libretto was criticized in "The New York Times" as being too serious:


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The first London production debuted at the Saville Theatre on Shaftesbury Avenue on 30 April 1959 (after playing for a short time at the New Theatre Oxford and the Manchester Opera House). This production used Lillian Hellman's book with an additional credit 'assisted by Michael Stewart', and it was directed by Robert Lewis with choreography by Jack Cole. The cast included Denis Quilley as Candide, Mary Costa as Cunegonde, Laurence Naismith as Dr. Pangloss and Edith Coates as the Old Lady. The musical director was Alexander Faris.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: Without Bernstein's involvement, the show underwent a series of Broadway revivals under the direction of Harold Prince. Lillian Hellman, the author of the original book, refused to let any of her work be used in the revival, so Prince commissioned a new, one-act book from Hugh Wheeler. The sole element of Hellman's book that remained was her invented name (Maximilian) for Cunegonde's brother. (The character has no given name in Voltaire's novella, and is referred to as "Cundegonde's brother" or "the young Baron".)


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The lyrics were worked on by the team of artists listed above. This 105-minute version, omitting over half of the musical numbers, was known as the "Chelsea version", and opened in 1973 at Robert Kalfin's Chelsea Theater Center in the Brooklyn Academy of Music, before moving to the Broadway Theatre in 1974 and running there for nearly two years, closing in 1976 after 740 performances. The 1974 Broadway revival starred Mark Baker (Candide), Maureen Brennan (Cunegonde), Sam Freed (Maximilian), Lewis J. Stadlen (Dr. Pangloss), and June Gable as the Old Lady.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The Chelsea version was marked by a unique production style. Eugene Lee helped Prince make sure that the multi-scene show would not get bogged down in set changes – he created platforms for the action that allowed scenes to change by refocusing attention instead of changing scenery. Actors performed on platforms in front, behind, and sometimes between audience members. Some sat on bleachers, others on stools on the stage floor. As the story unfolded, so did the stage, with sections falling from above, opening, closing, flying apart or coming together. A 13-member orchestra played from four areas. The conductor, who wore period costume and gold braid, could be seen by audience and musicians alike on television monitors.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In response to requests from opera companies for a more legitimate version, the show was expanded on the basis of Wheeler's book. The two-act "opera house version" contains most of Bernstein's music, including some songs that were not orchestrated for the original production. It was first performed by the New York City Opera (NYCO) in 1982 under Prince's direction, and ran for thirty-four performances with a cast that included David Eisler as Candide, Erie Mills as Cunegonde, Deborah Darr as Paquette, John Lankston in the quintuple roles of Voltaire/Pangloss/Businessman/Governor/Gambler, Muriel Costa-Greenspon as the Old Lady, Scott Reeve as Maximillian, Don Yule as the Huntsman and Bulgarian Soldier, and James Billings as the Judge/Father Bernard/Don Issachar/First Gambler/Maximillian's Servant. The cast filmed the production for national broadcast on PBS's "Live from Lincoln Center" in 1982. The NYCO later recorded this version of "Candide" in 1985 with the same cast with the exception of the roles of Paquette (now performed by Maris Clement) and the Old Lady (now performed by Joyce Castle). This recording was awarded the Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording in 1987. Opera companies around the world have performed this version, and the production has remained a staple of NYCO's repertoire with the most recent performance being given in 2019.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The Australian premiere in 1982 by the Nimrod Theatre Company and directed by John Bell at Sydney's Seymour Centre featured Philip Quast in the title role.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In 1988, by which point Hellman had died, Bernstein started working alongside John Mauceri, then director of Scottish Opera, to produce a version that expressed his final wishes regarding "Candide". Wheeler died before he could work again on the text, and John Wells was engaged. The new show was first produced by Scottish Opera with the credit "Adapted for Scottish Opera by John Wells and John Mauceri". After Bernstein had attended the final rehearsals and the opening in Glasgow, he decided that the time had come for the composer himself to re-examine "Candide". Taking the Scottish Opera version as a basis, he made changes in orchestration, shuffled the order of numbers in the second act, and altered the endings of several numbers. Bernstein then conducted and recorded what he called his "final revised version" with Jerry Hadley as Candide, June Anderson as Cunegonde, Christa Ludwig as the Old Lady, Kurt Ollmann as Maximilian and Adolph Green as Dr. Pangloss/Martin. Deutsche Grammophon released a DVD (2006, 147 min.), in 5.0 surround sound, of the 13 December 1989 recording at the London Barbican Centre, with a bonus video prologue and epilogue from the composer and a printed insert "Bernstein and Voltaire" by narrative collaborator Wells explaining what Bernstein wanted in this final revised version. A CD version, without Bernstein's commentary or audience applause, was also released by Deutsche Grammophon.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: It was performed in 1993 at the Innsbruck Summer Music Festival with Ethan Freeman as Maximillian and Doug Jones as Candide.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: It was produced by Lyric Opera of Chicago, performed in the Civic Opera House, with direction by Harold Prince, opening November 26, 1994. Book adapted from Voltaire by Hugh Wheeler, lyrics by Richard Wilbur, with additional lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and John Latouche. This revised opera house version formed the basis for the 1997 Broadway Revival.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: "Candide" was revived on Broadway in 1997, directed again by Harold Prince in a revised version of his 1982 New York City Opera staging. The cast included: Jason Danieley (Candide), Harolyn Blackwell (Cunegonde), Jim Dale (Dr. Pangloss), Andrea Martin (Old Lady), and Brent Barrett (Maximilian).


title: Candide (operetta)

text: When the Royal National Theatre in the UK (1999) decided to produce "Candide", another revision was deemed necessary, and Wheeler's book was rewritten by John Caird. This book stuck far closer to Voltaire's original text than any previous version. The songs remained largely as Bernstein intended, bar a few more tweaks from Sondheim and Wilbur. Daniel Evans, Dennis Quilley, Alex Kelly and Beverley Klein starred, with musical direction by Mark Dorrell, and a CD released on the RNT's own label. This, the "RNT version", has subsequently been performed a number of times.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: Lonny Price directed a 2004 semi-staged concert production with the New York Philharmonic under conductor Marin Alsop. It ran for four performances, May 5–8, 2004. This production was also broadcast on PBS's "Great Performances". The first-night performance was recorded and released as a DVD in 2005. The cast featured Paul Groves as Candide, Kristin Chenoweth as Cunegonde, Thomas Allen as Dr. Pangloss, Patti LuPone as the Old Lady, Jeff Blumenkrantz as Maximillian, and Stanford Olsen as the Governor/Vanderdendur/Ragotski with choruses from both Westminster Choir College and the Juilliard School completing the cast. This production included two rarely sung duets between Cunegonde and the Old Lady, "We Are Women" and "Quiet", which were included in the more extensive Bernstein's 1989 final revised version.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In 2005 the first Polish production premiered at the Grand Theatre at Łódź (conducted by Tadeusz Kozłowski, directed by Tomasz Konina).


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In 2006, in honor of the 50th anniversary of the creation of "Candide", the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris produced a new production under the direction of Robert Carsen.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The Goodman Theatre in Chicago in a co-production with The Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington DC mounted a revised version adapted and directed by Mary Zimmerman featuring Hollis Resnik (2010), Lauren Molina (Cunegonde), Geoff Packard (Candide) and Larry Yando (Pangloss). The production, staged in a vast wooden box, with Candide's travels being portrayed through the use of maps and model ships, featured significant amounts of narration adapted directly from Voltaire's novel.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: A concert performance at the Hollywood Bowl in September 2010, conducted by Bramwell Tovey, featured Richard Suart as Pangloss, Frederica von Stade as the Old Lady, Alek Shrader as the title character and Anna Christy as Cunegonde.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The Harold Prince/New York City Opera 1982 production was revived at the Rose Theater at Jazz at Lincoln Center in January 2017 with Prince directing and a cast including Gregg Edelman as Voltaire/Dr. Pangloss and various characters, Linda Lavin as The Old Lady, Jay Armstrong Johnson as Candide, Meghan Picerno as Cunegonde, Keith Phares as Maximilian, and Chip Zien and Brooks Ashmanskas.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In 2015, the Teatro Comunale, Florence production, produced by Francesco Micheli, featured Keith Jameson and Laura Claycomb as Candide and Cunegonde, with Richard Suart as Pangloss and Anja Silja and Chris Merritt as the Old Lady and the Governor.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: The same year, Lindy Hume staged the work for Opera Queensland with David Hobson as Candide, Amelia Farrugia as Cunegonde, Bryan Probets as Pangloss, Christine Johnston as the Old Lady and Paul Kildea conducting the Queensland Symphony Orchestra.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In March 2019, Minneapolis-based VocalEssence and Theater Latte' Da presented a semi-staged version directed by Peter Rothstein with music direction by Philip Brunelle. Set as a 1930s radio drama, the production sold out five performances and was critically acclaimed by the "St. Paul Pioneer Press" as "the "Candide" we've been waiting for". The Minneapolis "Star Tribune" named it first on a list of the city's ten best classical concerts of 2019.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In the country of Westphalia, Candide is about to be married to the lovely Cunegonde. Dr. Pangloss, Candide's teacher, expounds his famous philosophy, to the effect that all is for the best ("The Best of All Possible Worlds") The happy couple sing their marriage duet ("Oh, Happy We"), and the ceremony is about to take place ("Wedding Chorale") when war breaks out between Westphalia and Hesse. Westphalia is destroyed, and Cunegonde is seemingly killed. Candide takes comfort in the Panglossian doctrine ("It Must Be So") and sets out on his journeys.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In the public square of Lisbon ("Lisbon Fair"), the Infant Casmira, a deranged mystic in the caravan of an Arab conjuror, predicts dire happenings ("The Prediction"), leaving the public in terror ("Pray For Us"). Candide discovers Pangloss, who has contracted syphilis, yet remains optimistic ("Dear Boy"*). The Inquisition appears, in the persons of two ancient Inquisitors and their lawyer, and many citizens are tried and sentenced to hang, including Candide and Dr. Pangloss ("The Inquisition: Auto-da-Fé"*). Suddenly an earthquake occurs, killing Dr. Pangloss, and Candide barely escapes.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: Candide, faced with the loss of both Cunegonde and Dr. Pangloss, starts out for Paris. He is unable to reconcile Dr. Pangloss's ideas with the bitter events that have occurred, but concludes that the fault must lie within himself, rather than in the philosophy of optimism ("It Must Be Me").


title: Candide (operetta)

text: Cunegonde turns up alive in Paris ("The Paris Waltz"), a demi-mondaine in a house shared by a Marquis and a Sultan. A party is in progress. Urged by the Old Lady, who serves as her duenna, Cunegonde arrays herself in her jewels ("Glitter and Be Gay"). Candide stumbles into the scene and is amazed to find Cunegonde still alive ("You Were Dead, You Know"). In a duel, he kills both the Marquis and the Sultan, and flees with Cunegonde, accompanied by the Old Lady.


title: Candide (operetta)

text: They fall in with a band of devout Pilgrims on their way to the New World and sail with them ("Pilgrims' Procession" / "Alleluia"). Arriving in Buenos Aires, the group is brought to the Governor's Palace (where Maximilian is alive and working for the Governor), where all except Cunegonde and the Old Lady are immediately enslaved. A street cleaner appears in the person of the pessimistic Martin, warning Candide of the future. Candide and Maximilian are joyfully reunited, but when Candide states his intention to marry Cunegonde Maximilian starts to strike him with a glove. Candide starts to strike him back, but before he actually does Maximilian drops, apparently dead. The Governor serenades Cunegonde ("My Love") and she, abetted by the Old Lady, agrees to live in the palace ("I Am Easily Assimilated"). The Old Lady urges Candide to flee, but Candide, fired by reports of Eldorado from Martin, sets off to seek his fortune, planning to return for Cunegonde later ("Quartet Finale").


title: Candide (operetta)

text: In the heat of Buenos Aires, Cunegonde, the Old Lady and the Governor display their fraying nerves ("Quiet"), and the Governor resolves to get rid of the tiresome ladies. Candide returns from Eldorado ("Eldorado"), his pockets full of gold and searches for Cunegonde. The Governor, however, has had both Cunegonde and the Old Lady tied up in sacks and carried to a boat in the harbor. He tells Candide that the women have sailed for Europe, and Candide eagerly purchases a leaky ship from the Governor and dashes off. As the Governor and his suite watch from his terrace, the ship with Candide and Martin casts off and almost immediately sinks ("Bon Voyage").