title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: Part of today's Hollywood Boulevard was called Prospect Avenue, a dusty road that ran through Hollywood towards the neighboring city of Los Angeles. In December 1899, a new railroad construction began to connect Hollywood with Los Angeles in a project that was led by Peter Beveridge, H.J. Whitley, and Griffith J. Griffith.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In May 1900, the railroad connecting Hollywood and Los Angeles was completed, and another one was under construction. In 1901, the Town of Hollywood opened the new macadamized road surface with electric railway that ran down its center between Laurel Canyon and Western. Eventually, the road was widened from 20 feet wide to almost 100 feet wide in some areas.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 1903, Hollywood became a municipality, and Prospect Avenue became sometimes called as the Boulevard of Hollywood, albeit unofficially.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 1910, the town of Hollywood was incorporated into Los Angeles, and Prospect Avenue was officially renamed Hollywood Boulevard.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In the early 1920s, real estate developer Charles E. Toberman (the "Father of Hollywood") envisioned a thriving Hollywood theater district. Toberman was involved in 36 real estate development projects while building the Max Factor Building, Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel and the Hollywood Masonic Temple. He partnered with Sid Grauman, and they opened the three themed theaters: Egyptian, El Capitan ("The Captain") (1926), and Chinese.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In the 1920s the boulevard and adjacent streets became a major regional shopping district, both for everyday needs and appliances, but increasingly also for high-end clothing and accessories, in part because of the nearby film studios. Chains that opened includes Schwab's in 1921, Mullen & Bluett in 1922, I. Magnin in 1923, Myer Siegel in 1925, F. W. Grand and Newberry's (dime stores) in 1926–8, and Roos Brothers in 1929. The independent Robertson's department store, at and 4 stories tall, opened in 1923. In 1922, stock was sold to finance construction of a much larger department store at Hollywood and Vine, originally to have been a Boadway Bros. When Boadway's went out of business the next year, B. H. Dyas, a Downtown Los Angeles-based department store, opened in the building in March 1928, then sold their lease to The Broadway in 1931 – the building still a landmark today, known as the Broadway Hollywood Building. By 1930 the shopping district consisted of over 300 stores. The area would later face competition from areas along Wilshire Boulevard: the easternmost around Bullocks Wilshire which opened in 1929, second the Miracle Mile, and finally, the shopping district of Beverly Hills, where Saks Fifth Avenue opened a store in 1938.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 1946, Gene Autry, while riding his horse in the Hollywood Christmas Parade — which passes down Hollywood Boulevard each year on the Sunday after Thanksgiving — heard young parade watchers yelling, "Here comes Santa Claus, here comes Santa Claus!" and was inspired to write "Here Comes Santa Claus" with Oakley Haldeman.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 1958, the Hollywood Walk of Fame, which runs from La Brea Avenue east to Gower Street (and an additional three blocks on Vine Street), was created as a tribute to artists working in the entertainment industry.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In the 1970s, the street became very seedy and was frequented by many odd characters as shown in pictures by photographer Ave Pildas.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 1985, a portion of Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as part of the "Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District".


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: The El Capitan Theatre was refurbished in 1991 then damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The full El Capitan building was fully restored and upgraded in . The Hollywood Entertainment District, a self-taxing business improvement district, was formed for the properties from La Brea to McCadden on the boulevard.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: The Hollywood extension of the Metro Red Line subway was opened in June 1999, running from Downtown Los Angeles to the San Fernando Valley. Stops on Hollywood Boulevard are located at Western Avenue, Vine Street, and Highland Avenue. Metro Local lines 180 and 217 also serve Hollywood Boulevard. A Light Rail extension station is proposed at the Hollywood Blvd. and Highland Ave. intersection connection the boulevard with West Hollywood, Central LA and LAX.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: An anti-cruising ordinance prohibits driving on parts of the boulevard more than twice in four hours.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: Beginning in 1995, then Los Angeles City Council member Jackie Goldberg initiated efforts to clean up Hollywood Boulevard and reverse its decades-long slide into disrepute. Central to these efforts was the construction of the Hollywood and Highland Center and adjacent Dolby Theatre (originally known as the Kodak Theatre) in 2001.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In early 2006, the city made revamping plans on Hollywood Boulevard for future tourists. The three-part plan was to exchange the original streetlights with red stars into two-headed old-fashioned streetlights, put in new palm trees, and put in new stoplights. The renovations were completed in late 2006.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In the few years leading up to 2007, more than $2 billion was spent on projects in the neighborhood, including mixed-use retail and apartment complexes and new schools and museums.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 2021, the "Vogue Theater", on Hollywood Boulevard, at Las Palmas, reopened as the "Vogue Multicultural Museum".


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: Renovations of the Hollywood and Highland Center began in 2020. The renovated complex was renamed Ovation Hollywood in 2022.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In 2022, for the return of the LA Pride parade to the boulevard, the city installed multi colored lighting to more than 100 trees to illuminate for special events.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: Advocates promote the idea of closing Hollywood Boulevard to traffic and create a Pedestrian zone from La Brea Avenue to Highland Avenue citing an increase in pedestrian traffic including tourism, weekly movie premiers and award shows closures, including 10 days for the Academy Award ceremony at the Dolby Theatre. Similar to other cities in the US, like Third Street Promenade, Fremont Street in Las Vegas, Market St. in San Francisco or the closure in Times Squares Pedestrian Plaza's created in 2015.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: In June 2019, The City of Los Angeles commissioned Gensler architects to provide a master plan for a $4 million renovation to improve and "update the streetscape concept" for the Walk of Fame. Los Angeles City Councilmember Mitch O’Farrell released the draft master plan designed by Gensler and Studio-MLA in January 2020. It proposed widening the sidewalks, adding bike lanes, new landscaping, sidewalk dining, removing lanes of car traffic and street parking between the Pantages Theater (Gower Avenue) at the east and The Emerson Theatre (La Brea Avenue) at the west end of the boulevard. The approved phase one includes removing the parking lanes between Orange Drive and Gower Street, adding street furnishings with benches, tables and chairs with sidewalk widening. Phase two is in the schematic stage. Phase two is planned for 2024 and will include closing down the boulevard to two lanes, adding landscaping with shade trees and five public plazas made up of art deco designed street pavers and kiosks.


title: Hollywood Boulevard

text: A popular event that takes place on the Boulevard is the complete transformation of the street to a Christmas theme. Shops and department stores attract customers by lighting their stores and the entire street with decorated Christmas trees and Christmas lights. The street essentially becomes "Santa Claus Lane."


title: Information Society (band)

text: Information Society (also known as InSoc) is an American band from Minneapolis–St. Paul, Minnesota, initially active from 1982 to 1997, primarily consisting of Kurt Harland Larson, Paul Robb, and James Cassidy; the latter two reconvened the band in 2006, initially with Christopher Anton as lead vocalist, then with Harland rejoining them as lead vocalist by 2008.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The group's breakout single was 1988's "What's on Your Mind (Pure Energy)", a dance song which spent 39 weeks on the dance chart, going straight to number one and would also peak at number three on the Hot 100 pop chart. The track included a vocal sample of Mr. Spock (Leonard Nimoy) from "Star Trek", saying "pure energy".


title: Information Society (band)

text: The band has been honored with a star on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue, recognizing performers that have played sold-out shows or have otherwise demonstrated a major contribution to the culture at the iconic venue. Receiving a star "might be the most prestigious public honor an artist can receive in Minneapolis," according to journalist Steve Marsh.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The band was formed in Harland's dorm room in Dupre Hall at Macalester College in Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1982, and they performed avant-garde electronic music with flourishes of hip hop, dub, and electro. The name was chosen partly after Ingsoc, the newspeak term for English socialism in the dystopian novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four". The group were initially influenced by acts such as Kraftwerk, Gary Numan and Deutsch Amerikanische Freundschaft (D.A.F.), thereafter developing an admiration for the likes of Pet Shop Boys, Duran Duran and Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD). In 1983, the band independently released "The InSoc EP" and "Creatures of Influence".


title: Information Society (band)

text: Two years later it released "Running", the group's first single, which became a hit popular in New York City Latin dance clubs and put them on the map. The extended seven-minute song was written and sung by Murat Konar, who left the band soon afterward. It was released on the Twin Cities-based label Twin-Tone Records, which was known for rock music rather than dance music. Its growing success led the group to move from its native Minneapolis–Saint Paul to NYC, and the ensuing revenues and contacts, as well as the addition of keyboardist Amanda Kramer to the lineup, led the group to record its proper debut album for Tommy Boy Records, which bought out the group's Twin-Tone contract because of its expertise in street-oriented music. Kramer left the band shortly after the second single "Walking Away" was released.


title: Information Society (band)

text: InSoc was the only Tommy Boy act to have all of its albums released through major-label distribution channels rather than independent distribution, since the label, a former subsidiary of Warner Bros. Records, had that option available to it throughout its years as a Warner subsidiary. In this case, Warner sub-label Reprise Records was the distributor. The group's 12-inch vinyl singles, however, were distributed through independent channels.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In addition to "What's on Your Mind (Pure Energy)", the group's self-titled major release debut "Information Society" (1988) also produced another Top 10 "Billboard" entry in "Walking Away" which reached number five on the dance chart and number nine on the Hot 100 chart. A third single, the ballad "Repetition" managed to reach number 76 on the Hot 100 also. The fourth single from the album was a cover of ABBA's "Lay All Your Love on Me" which reached number 23 on the dance chart and number 83 on the Hot 100.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The audio samples from "Star Trek" were authorized for use on the album partially thanks to the efforts of Adam Nimoy, fan of the band and son of "Star Trek's" Leonard Nimoy. The album sold out its initial pressing in the United States in two weeks. "Information Society" peaked at number 25 on the "Billboard" 200, and was certified gold within five months of its release in the US. The disc was one of the few to use CD+G, which included digital graphics on the compact disc version in addition to the music. The graphics for the CD+G portion can be seen on the Information Society Web site along with computer-based information which has been included on other releases. The songs "What's On Your Mind (Pure Energy)" and "Walking Away" were used in a sampler disc bundled with the Sega CD to showcase the console's CD+G capability, using the same graphics as the album.


title: Information Society (band)

text: During this time the band released an anonymous single (composed of two tracks from their forthcoming second album) under the name Think Tank. Years later, Robb would release tracks under the name Think Tank through the formerly-fictional record label Hakatak.


title: Information Society (band)

text: They also had a song – the instrumental track "Hit Me" – placed on the soundtrack to the film "Earth Girls Are Easy". By 1989 Information Society joined the "Club MTV Tour" which also included Paula Abdul, Milli Vanilli, Tone Loc, Was (Not Was) and Lisa Lisa.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The second release, "Hack" (1990), was not as successful, but had a top 40 entry with "Think", which also went to number five on the Dance Club/Play Songs list. "How Long" went to number 20 on the Dance Club/Play Songs list. The album managed to sell quite well in late 1990, staying on the "Billboard" charts for 14 weeks, peaking at number 77. Music videos were produced for those two tracks, but only "Think" got video airplay; the Adam Ant-directed spot for "How Long" was put aside as nobody involved was happy with it. A third single, "Now That I Have You", was remixed and sent out to DJs but was never released. In January 1991 the band performed at the Rock In Rio II festival in front of 190,000 fans at the Maracana Stadium.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The group's third release, "Peace and Love, Inc." (1992), proved to be more powerful and critically acclaimed, although its label failed to do much to promote it despite featuring production by Karl Bartos of German electronic music band Kraftwerk. The first single, "Peace & Love Inc.", reached number 10 on the "Billboard" Dance Chart. A music video was produced for the track, but MTV declined to play it. The album is also notable for being perhaps the first album ever produced to contain a track of modem tones, which, when played into a telephone connected to a computer, resulted in a bonus message from the band. To promote the album, Information Society embarked on a club tour in fall 1992 with Cause and Effect, but the tour was canceled when Cause and Effect frontman Sean Rowley died of complications from an asthma attack during their soundcheck in Minneapolis on November 8, 1992.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In 1997 the band released a fourth album, "Don't Be Afraid" (1997). Written and performed by Kurt Harland alone and produced by Steven Seibold, DBA was more industrial-driven than previous albums and reflected more of what Harland wanted to do during most of his tenure with InSoc. Cleopatra Records released the album, but — like Tommy Boy Records — did little to promote it. Harland's love of computer-related materials continued to be evident, as the album included a CD-ROM filled with bonus material, not yet a common occurrence in 1997. The disc included a selection of digital samples used in the album's production, miscellaneous works of art by InSoc fans, a program to generate the distinctive border graphics used on the album's cover, and the music video of "Peace & Love, Inc."


title: Information Society (band)

text: There was also a carefully orchestrated digital scavenger hunt culminating in the discovery of a bonus track called "White Roses". The scavenger hunt began with decoding a modem's signal recorded at the end of the audio CD, resulting in a text message from Harland which pointed the way to a Web site where the search began. There is also a cover included of Gary Numan's "Are 'Friends' Electric?". Also included is "Ozar Midrashim", later used as the main theme for the videogame "". The album eventually went out of print, but it had a second release in a remastered version in 2008, this time with "White Roses" included as an audio track.


title: Information Society (band)

text: A remix album, "InSoc Recombinant" (1999), was produced, featuring vocals to the band's earlier hits remixed by various artists. The vocals to songs pre-"Don't Be Afraid" were not the originals, they were new versions re-recorded by Harland alone specifically for the remixers' use. Included on a bonus, unadvertised CD-ROM were digital copies of most of the band's officially-produced promotional videos, including a copy of the "Peace and Love Inc." video of higher quality than that distributed with "Don't Be Afraid." This CD-ROM, however, did not feature the "How Long" video.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In 2001, "strange haircuts // cardboard guitars // and computer samples" was released including all the hits from 1988 to 1992.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In 2004, Cleopatra Records released a compilation titled "Pure Energy". The release consisted of tracks from "Don't Be Afraid" and "InSoc Recombinant," supplemented with a slightly altered mix of "Are Friends Electric?" and two new remixes of "What's On Your Mind", one by Effcee, and one unattributed mix labeled "What's On Your Mind (Pure Energy)" which attempted to emulate the original Tommy Boy version of the track. Robb called the album "an insult to both the band and the fans". Harland, despite being credited as producer in the liner notes, had nothing to do with the release; and while declining to either "endorse or un-endorse" the album, he did take particular issue with the cover art, both for its low quality and for its portrayal of him holding a gun.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The group was featured in an episode of VH1's "Bands Reunited" in November 2004. As broadcast, it appeared that Aamer Haleem (host of the show) got every member to agree to reuniting. However, Kurt had declined to appear in the planned concert, for reasons he later detailed in a post on the band's official website. The post also details his experiences behind the scenes of the production, and how they differ from the portrayals in the episode as broadcast.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The VH1 show was followed by a period of relative quiet, although Harland, Cassidy, and Robb gave two performances at a weekend music festival in New York City on August 20–21, 2005.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In 2006, it was announced that Paul Robb and James Cassidy had decided to reconvene Information Society without Kurt Harland's full participation in the recording process. From Kurt: Harland's absence in the studio line-up was cited as being due to family and work obligations. Harland ultimately contributed lead vocals to one track, "Seeds of Pain".


title: Information Society (band)

text: The new lineup included Christopher Anton as lead vocalist on "Oscillator" and "Synthesizer" and co-wrote several tracks on each including the title track of the latter. They were also joined by Sonja Myers who played additional keyboards and provided a return to female background vocals.


title: Information Society (band)

text: Christopher Anton performed live as the lead singer for Information Society throughout 2006–2008, including shows in California, Oregon, New York, New Jersey, and São Paulo, Brazil. By mid-2007, the band began to return to its original lineup of Harland, Cassidy, and Robb, who performed on July 21, 2007, at the Freestyle Reunion 2 Concert at Madison Square Garden. After the release of "Synthesizer", the trio performed a series of concerts in Philadelphia, Seattle, San Francisco and Austin. The concert in Philadelphia was filmed for a forthcoming DVD.


title: Information Society (band)

text: On 19 March 2007, Information Society self-released an EP titled "Oscillator", first as an Internet-only release – their first commercial release in over six years. This EP was later released in CD format with an extra audio track and a bonus CD-ROM video track. It includes remixes by the Brazilian duo Kain & Arvy for "I Like The Way You Werk It" (only on CD version) and "Back In The Day" (on both releases). This was followed by a new album, "Synthesizer" which was released on October 9 in North America and October 5 in Europe on Dancing Ferret Discs. The album was released digitally in North America and Europe on September 4, 2007. Several live shows in the US followed the album's release.


title: Information Society (band)

text: Information Society commissioned chiptune/micromusic artist 8 Bit Weapon to remix "I Like the Way You Werk It". 8 Bit Weapon remixed the song using both a Commodore 64 computer and a Game Boy Classic handheld console. The remix was titled "I Like the Way You Werk It – 8 Bit Weapon Remix". "I Like the Way You Werk It" was also remixed by LA-based indie promoter and electronica artist Jon Hershfield. The remix is titled "Werk It V.2." Both Robb and Anton have been guests on Hershfield's internet radio program Isgoodmusic.com.


title: Information Society (band)

text: "Modulator", an EP of remixes from "Synthesizer", was released in digital-only format in September 2009. It was also included in its entirety on the "25 Years of Information Society" DVD released later that year. Notable remixers on the "Modulator" EP included Dave Aude and Tommie Sunshine. "Modulator" also included a live version of "Wrongful Death" and a brand new song, "Don't Touch The Devil" with Kurt on vocals.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In September 2014, Information Society released their first album of new material featuring the old Harland/Cassidy/Robb line-up since 1992. Robb and Harland worked on this album throughout 2013 and the first half of 2014, as well as another project, still unannounced as of October 1, 2014.


title: Information Society (band)

text: Information Society released their next album on March 11, 2016, again featuring the old Harland/Cassidy/Robb line-up. The album features numerous covers, including "Dominion" by The Sisters of Mercy, "Beautiful World" by Devo, and "Don't You Want Me" by Human League. Guest artists include Vitamin C, Ayria, Leila Mack, and Gerald V. Casale.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The single "Nothing Prevails" was released on the Tommy Boy Records label on June 29, 2018. Two versions were made available: one with vocals in English, and one with vocals in German. A video was also released, featuring mostly still art but with some slight animation.


title: Information Society (band)

text: The singles "World Enough" and "Bennington" were released on the Tommy Boy Records label on January 11 and May 17, 2019 respectively.


title: Information Society (band)

text: In August 2021 the band released "ODDfellows", their eight album, in both a standard mix and in THX Spatial Audio, optimized for headphones.


title: Information Society (band)

text: Information Society's members Kurt Harland and Murat Konar's brother Mithat collaborated under the name A.K.A. They recorded two songs ("Cruel Lovin'" sung by Mithat, and "All You Ever Told Were Lies" sung by Harland) that were produced by Harland. They released a few 12" singles in 1988, and one CD in 1991.


title: Andre Fili

text: Andre Riley Givens (born June 25, 1990) better known by the name Andre Fili is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Featherweight division. Fili is of Samoan and Native Hawaiian descent and is currently signed with the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili grew up in a broken home, where both of the parents were violent against each other and also their children. Fili's mother raised her kids alone, as her husband was serving jail time on multiple occasions and was not living in the house. The violent and unstable upbringing left its mark on Fili, and he started seeking out street brawls as a teenager. In 2009, Fili moved to Sacramento and while still under probation, he joined Team Alpha Male and began training mixed martial arts.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili made his professional debut on December 12, 2009 against Anthony Motley. Fili won the fight via TKO and won his next three fights via TKO as well. Fili suffered his first loss, by knee injury, against Strikeforce vet Derrick Burnsed. Fili bounced back from the loss winning his next 8 fights including a win over Strikeforce veteran Alexander Crispim.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili made his promotional debut on October 19, 2013 at UFC 166 against Jeremy Larsen. Fili, who was in the middle of a training camp for a welterweight bout in another promotion, took the featherweight fight on short notice (two weeks) to replace an injured Charles Oliveira. The bout was contested at a catchweight, as Fili was unable to make the required weight. Fili won the fight via TKO in the second round.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Max Holloway on April 26, 2014 at UFC 172. He lost the fight via submission in the third round.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili was expected to face Sean Soriano on September 5, 2014 at UFC Fight Night 50. However, Fili was forced from the bout with an injury and replaced by Chas Skelly.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Godofredo Pepey on March 21, 2015 at UFC Fight Night 62. He lost the fight via submission in the first round.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili was expected to face Clay Collard on September 5, 2015 at UFC 191. However, Fili was forced out of the bout with injury and replaced by Tiago Trator.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Gabriel Benítez on November 21, 2015 at . He won the fight via knockout in the first round and also earned a "Performance of the Night" bonus.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Yair Rodríguez on April 23, 2016 at UFC 197. Fili lost the fight via knockout in the second round.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Hacran Dias on October 1, 2016 at UFC Fight Night 96, filling in for an injured Brian Ortega. He won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili was expected to face Doo Ho Choi on July 29, 2017 at UFC 214. However Choi pulled out of the fight and was replaced by promotional newcomer Calvin Kattar. Fili lost the fight by unanimous decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Artem Lobov on October 21, 2017 at UFC Fight Night 118. He won the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Dennis Bermudez on January 27, 2018 at UFC on Fox 27. He won the fight via split decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Michael Johnson on August 25, 2018 at UFC Fight Night 135. He lost the fight via split decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Sheymon Moraes on July 13, 2019 at UFC on ESPN+ 13. He won the fight via knockout in round one. This win earned him the Performance of the Night award.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Bryce Mitchell on October 31, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 181. He lost the fight via unanimous decision.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Daniel Pineda on June 26, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 190. Early in round two, Fili accidentally poked Pineda in the eye and he was deemed unable to continue. The fight was declared a no contest.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili faced Joanderson Brito on April 30, 2022 at UFC on ESPN 35. He lost the fight via TKO in round one.


title: Andre Fili

text: Fili was scheduled to face Lando Vannata on September 17, 2022 at UFC Fight Night 210. However, Vannata was forced to pull from the event due to injury and was replaced by Bill Algeo. Fili won the fight via split decision.


title: Si King

text: Simon James King (born 20 October 1966) is an English celebrity chef and television presenter, best known as one half of the Hairy Bikers with Dave Myers. Together they have presented a number of television cookery series for BBC television and have since launched an online weight loss programme, 'The Hairy Bikers Diet Club'.


title: Si King

text: King was born in Kibblesworth, County Durham. An alumnus of St Robert of Newminster Catholic School in Washington, he once stated that he "went through a phase of wanting to be a priest when I was about 13, but soon discovered girls and music were way more interesting." King's father served in the Royal Navy during World War II on the Arctic convoys and was then employed as a motorcycle despatch rider.


title: Si King

text: Aged 16 Si worked laying paving stones for a construction firm. He then worked in film and television production. He was assistant location manager on "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" and location manager on "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets". He met Dave Myers in 1995 on the set of a TV drama entitled "The Gambling Man" on which he was the second assistant director.


title: Si King

text: The duo first appeared on the BBC's "The Hairy Bikers' Cookbook". Their TV shows are a mixture of cookery and travelogue, using a similar style to that previously associated with chef Keith Floyd, including the habit of frequently referring to the cameraman and other crew. Most shows featured the pair riding motorbikes, including the BMW R1200GS, F650GS and Triumph Rocket III.


title: Si King

text: In summer 2009 they filmed a 30-part daytime series for BBC Two, "The Hairy Bikers' Food Tour of Britain", which aired weekdays starting on 24 August 2009. The series saw them visit a different county each day and cook what they considered to be that county's signature dish.


title: Si King

text: A new six part series titled "The Hairy Bikers: Mums Know Best" commenced broadcast in early January 2010 on BBC Two.


title: Si King

text: On 25 October 2010 a new 40 episode series, "The Hairy Bikers' Cook Off", was launched on BBC Two. The programme includes a cook off between two families, and celebrity guests.


title: Si King

text: From January to May 2010, the Hairy Bikers performed their "Big Night Out" show in theatres throughout the UK. Directed by Bob Mortimer, the show was a fun mixture of cooking and chat with a little song and dance thrown in. It explored their youth, how they met and their love of food.


title: Si King

text: In June 2011, the Bikers appeared in the second series of "Mum Knows Best". The series, made up of eight episodes, featured three 'Star Mums' whose recipes were tested and shared with the public.


title: Si King

text: October 2011 saw a new series, "Meals on Wheels", air on BBC Two. The series fronted a campaign to save local 'meals on wheels' services around the UK. From November to December 2011, the Bikers appeared in a 30-part BBC series called "Hairy Bikers: Best of British", airing at 3:45pm on BBC Two (apart from the show's final week, in which it aired on BBC One). The series celebrated British recipes and championed local produce. In January 2012, continuing into February, BBC Two showed hour long re-versions including recipes from various episodes of the series.


title: Si King

text: After they had signed new contracts with the BBC in 2011, a new series was commissioned. "The Hairy Biker's Bakeation" sees Si and Dave doing what they love best - a gastronomic road trip, uncovering the best baking on offer across Europe, from Norway, the Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg), Germany, Eastern Europe (Slovakia, Hungary and Romania), Austria, Italy and France to Spain.


title: Si King

text: In March 2012, Good Food commissioned "The Hairy Biker's Mississippi Adventure", the duo's first series for the channel. In August 2012, "Hairy Dieters: How to Love Food and Lose Weight" showed how the Hairy Bikers radically changed lifestyles, but stayed true to their love of great food, as they embarked on a campaign to lose two-and-a-half stone () in three months, and comfortably passed their target weights.


title: Si King

text: After having experienced their own success with balancing eating the food they love while also being conscious of their health and losing weight, they wanted to help others to do the same. In January 2014, the boys launched The Hairy Bikers Diet Club which includes recipes and tips and tricks to help people to live a healthier and trimmer life, not starving to be "skinny minnies".


title: Si King

text: In February 2014, they launched a new series, "The Hairy Bikers' Asian Adventure" for BBC Two which sees them travelling in Asia sampling the local cuisine, meeting local people and cooking up some native dishes themselves.


title: Si King

text: In 2015, King co-wrote an autobiography with Dave Myers, entitled "The Hairy Bikers: Blood, Sweat and Tyres".


title: Si King

text: In September 2017, along with his 'Hairy Bikers' partner Dave Myers he was initiated into the showbusiness charity the Grand Order of Water Rats. They were both sponsored by Rick Wakeman.


title: Si King

text: King is a supporter of Premier League football team Newcastle United F.C. King lives near Newcastle and has three children.


title: Grey literature

text: Grey literature (or gray literature) is materials and research produced by organizations outside of the traditional commercial or academic publishing and distribution channels. Common grey literature publication types include reports (annual, research, technical, project, etc.), working papers, government documents, white papers and evaluations. Organizations that produce grey literature include government departments and agencies, civil society or non-governmental organizations, academic centres and departments, and private companies and consultants.


title: Grey literature

text: Grey literature may be made available to the public, or distributed privately within organizations or groups, and may lack a systematic means of distribution and collection. The standard of quality, review and production of grey literature can vary considerably. Grey literature may be difficult to discover, access, and evaluate, but this can be addressed through the formulation of sound search strategies.


title: Grey literature

text: While a hazy definition of "grey literature" had existed previously, the term is generally understood to have been coined by the researcher Charles P. Auger, who wrote "Use of Reports Literature" in 1975. The literature he referred to consisted of intelligence reports and notes on atomic research produced in vast quantities by the Allied Forces during World War II. In a conference held by the British Lending Library Division in 1978, Auger used the term "grey literature" to describe the concept for the first time. His concepts focused upon a "vast body of documents" with "continuing increasing quantity" that were characterized by the "difficulty it presents to the librarian". Auger described the documentation as having great ambiguity between temporary character and durability, and by a growing impact on scientific research. While acknowledging the challenges of reports literature, he recognized that it held a number of advantages "over other means of dissemination, including greater speed, greater flexibility and the opportunity to go into considerable detail if necessary". Auger considered reports a "half-published" communication medium with a "complex interrelationship [to] scientific journals". In 1989 Auger published the second edition of "The Documentation of the European Communities: A Guide", which contained the first usage of the term "grey literature" in a published work.


title: Grey literature

text: The "Luxembourg definition", discussed and approved at the Third International Conference on Grey Literature in 1997, defined grey literature as "that which is produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in print and electronic formats, but which is not controlled by commercial publishers". In 2004, at the Sixth Conference in New York City, a postscript was added to the definition for purposes of clarification: grey literature is "...not controlled by commercial publishers, i.e., where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body". This definition is now widely accepted by the scholarly community.


title: Grey literature

text: The U.S. Interagency Gray Literature Working Group (IGLWG), in its "Gray Information Functional Plan" of 1995, defined grey literature as "foreign or domestic open source material that usually is available through specialized channels and may not enter normal channels or systems of publication, distribution, bibliographic control, or acquisition by booksellers or subscription agents". Thus grey literature is usually inaccessible through relevant reference tools such as databases and indexes, which rely upon the reporting of subscription agents.


title: Grey literature

text: Other terms used for this material include: report literature, government publications, policy documents, fugitive literature, non-conventional literature, unpublished literature, non-traditional publications, and ephemeral publications. With the introduction of desktop publishing and the Internet, new terms include: electronic publications, online publications, online resources, open-access research, and digital documents.


title: Grey literature

text: Though the concept is difficult to define, the term grey literature is an agreed collective term that researchers and information professionals can use to discuss this distinct but disparate group of resources.


title: Grey literature

text: In 2010, D.J. Farace and J. Schöpfel pointed out that existing definitions of grey literature were predominantly economic, and argued that in a changing research environment, with new channels of scientific communication, grey literature needed a new conceptual framework. They proposed the "Prague definition" as follows:


title: Grey literature

text: Due to the rapid increase web publishing and access to documents, the focus of grey literature has shifted to quality, intellectual property, curation, and accessibility.


title: Grey literature

text: The term "grey literature" acts as a collective noun to refer to a large number of publications types produced by organizations for various reasons. These include: research and project reports, annual or activity reports, theses, conference proceedings, preprints, working papers, newsletters, technical reports, recommendations and technical standards, patents, technical notes, data and statistics, presentations, field notes, laboratory research books, academic courseware, lecture notes, evaluations, and many more. The international network GreyNet maintains an online listing of document types.


title: Grey literature

text: Organizations produce grey literature as a means of encapsulating, storing and sharing information for their own use, and for wider distribution. This can take the form of a record of data and information on a site or project (archaeological records, survey data, working papers); sharing information on how and why things occurred (technical reports and specifications, briefings, evaluations, project reports); describing and advocating for changes to public policy, practice or legislation (white papers, discussion papers, submissions); meeting statutory or other requirements for information sharing or management (annual reports, consultation documents); and many other reasons.


title: Grey literature

text: Organizations are often looking to create the required output, sharing it with relevant parties quickly and easily, without the delays and restrictions of academic journal and book publishing. Often there is little incentive or justification for organizations or individuals to publish in academic journals and books, and often no need to charge for access to organizational outputs. Indeed, some information organizations may be required to make certain information and documents public. On the other hand, grey literature is not necessarily always free, with some resources, such as market reports, selling for thousands of dollars. However, this is the exception and on the whole grey literature, while costly to produce, is usually made available for free.


title: Grey literature

text: While production and research quality may be extremely high (with organizational reputation vested in the end product), the producing body, not being a formal publisher, generally lacks the channels for extensive distribution and bibliographic control.


title: Grey literature

text: Information and research professionals generally draw a distinction between ephemera and grey literature. However, there are certain overlaps between the two media and they undoubtedly share common frustrations such as bibliographic control issues. Unique written documents such as manuscripts and archives, and personal communications, are not usually considered to fall under the heading of grey literature, although they again share some of the same problems of control and access.


title: Grey literature

text: The relative importance of grey literature is largely dependent on research disciplines and subjects, on methodological approaches, and on the sources they use. In some fields, especially in the life sciences and medical sciences, there has been a traditional preference for only using peer-reviewed academic journals, but studies of methodological quality and reliability have found that "reliability of published research works in several fields may be decreasing with increasing journal rank", contrary to widespread expectations. In other fields, such as agriculture, aeronautics and the engineering sciences in general, grey literature resources tend to predominate.


title: Grey literature

text: In the last few decades, systematic literature reviews in health and medicine have established the importance of discovering and analyzing grey literature as part of the evidence base and in order to avoid publication bias.


title: Grey literature

text: Grey literature is particularly important as a means of distributing scientific and technical and public policy and practice information. Professionals insist on its importance for two main reasons: research results are often more detailed in reports, doctoral theses and conference proceedings than in journals, and they are distributed in these forms up to 12 or even 18 months before being published elsewhere. Some results simply are not published anywhere else.


title: Grey literature

text: In particular, public administrations and public and industrial research laboratories produce a great deal of "grey" material, often for internal and in some cases "restricted" dissemination. The notion of evidence-based policy has also seen some recognition of the importance of grey literature as part of the evidence base; however, the term is not yet widely used in public policy and the social sciences more broadly.


title: Grey literature

text: For a number of reasons, discovery, access, evaluation and curation of grey literature pose a number of difficulties.


title: Grey literature

text: Generally, grey literature lacks any strict or meaningful bibliographic control. Basic information such as authors, publication dates and publishing or corporate bodies may not be easily identified. Similarly, the nonprofessional layouts and formats, low print runs and non-conventional channels of distribution make the organized collection of grey literature a challenge compared to journals and books.


title: Grey literature

text: Although grey literature is often discussed with reference to scientific research, it is by no means restricted to any one field: outside the hard sciences, it presents significant challenges in archaeology where site surveys and excavation reports, containing unique data, have frequently been produced and circulated in informal "grey" formats.


title: Grey literature

text: Some of the problems of accessing grey literature have decreased since the late 1990s as government, professional, business and university bodies have increasingly published their reports and other official or review documents online. The informal nature of grey literature has meant that it has become more numerous as the technology that allows people to create documentation has improved. Less expensive and more sophisticated printers increased the ease of creating grey literature. And the ability to post documents on the internet has resulted in a tremendous boom. The impact of this trend has been greatly boosted since the early 2000s, as the growth of major search engines has made retrieving grey literature simultaneously easier and more cluttered. Grey reports are thus far more easily found online than they were, often at no cost to access. Most users of reports and other grey documents have migrated to using online copies, and efforts by libraries to collect hard-copy versions have generally declined in consequence.


title: Grey literature

text: However, many problems remain because originators often fail to produce online reports or publications to an adequate bibliographic standard (often omitting a publication date, for instance). Documents are often not assigned permanent URLs or DOI numbers, or stored in electronic depositories, so that link rot can develop within citations, reference lists, databases and websites. Copyright law and the copyrighted status of many reports inhibits their downloading and electronic storage and there is a lack of large scale collecting of digital grey literature. Securing long-term access to and management of grey literature in the digital era thus remains a considerable problem.


title: Grey literature

text: The amount of digital grey literature now available also poses a problem for finding relevant resources and to be able to assess their credibility and quality given the number of resources now available. At the same time a great deal of grey literature remains hidden, either not made public or not made discoverable via search engines.


title: Grey literature

text: Various databases and libraries collect and make available print and digital grey literature; however, the cost and difficulty of finding and cataloguing grey literature mean that it is still difficult to find large collections. The British Library began collecting print grey literature in the post-WWII period and now has an extensive collection of print resources. Analysis & Policy Observatory has an extensive collection of grey literature on a wide range of public policy issues, ArXiv is a collection of preprints on physics and other sciences, and RePEc is a collection of economics working papers.


title: Grey literature

text: Many university libraries provide subject guides that give information on grey literature and suggestions for databases. ROAR and OpenDOAR are directories of open access institutional repositories and subject repositories, many of which contain some grey literature. Several academic search engines exist to combine the open data provided by such open archives through OAI-PMH, as well as records from publishers deposited in CrossRef and other sources. They include BASE, CORE and Unpaywall, which indexes over 20 million open access publications as of 2020.


title: Grey literature

text: The annual international grey literature conference series has been organized since 1993 by the Europe-based organization GreyNet. Research in this field of information has been systematically documented and archived via the International Conference on Grey Literature series.


title: Grey literature

text: Greynet also produces a journal on grey literature and has been a key advocate for the recognition and study of grey literature, particularly in library and information sciences, "The Grey Journal". "The Grey Journal" appears three times a year –in spring, summer, and autumn. Each issue in a volume is thematic and deals with one or more related topics in the field of grey literature. "The Grey Journal" appears both in print and electronic formats. The electronic version on article level is available via EBSCO's LISTA-FT Database (EBSCO Publishing). "The Grey Journal" is indexed by Scopus and others.


title: Grey literature

text: On 16 May 2014, the "Pisa Declaration on Policy Development for Grey Literature Resources" was ratified and published.


title: Craig Owens

text: Craigery "Craig" Owens (born August 26, 1984) is an American musician best known as the lead vocalist of Chiodos. He has also had an involvement in various projects such as Cinematic Sunrise, The Sound of Animals Fighting, Isles & Glaciers, and Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows. He has recorded as a solo artist, is an established music producer, has written and recorded with the likes of Dr. Dre, and has also acted in the 2012 film "K-11".


title: Craig Owens

text: In 2001, Owens joined Bradley Bell, Pat McManaman, Jason Hale, Matt Goddard and Derrick Frost to form a band in Davison, Michigan. Originally named "Chiodos Bros." in tribute to special effects trio the Chiodo Brothers, the band recorded its first demo in June 2002. Following several years of national touring and independent recording, they were signed by Equal Vision Records in 2004 and, under the name Chiodos, released their first full-length album, "All's Well That Ends Well" in 2005. They continued thereafter, recording and touring.


title: Craig Owens

text: Even after his separation from his first band, Owens continued to have an interest in working with them and, after being asked by his management about what project he most wanted to pursue, he made overtures about a possible return to Chiodos. On April 26, 2012, Owens announced his return to Chiodos. Subsequently, on April 27, the remaining members of D.R.U.G.S. revealed their intention to disband. Chiodos' first live appearance after their reunion took place on August 9, 2012 in a sold-out performance at Flint Local 432 in Michigan. As of that date, the members had tentative plans for a new album, on which they have been working separately but not yet begun to coordinate.


title: Craig Owens

text: On November 1, 2016 in an interview with Billboard, vocalist Craig Owens stated in regards to Chiodos that, "It's done, it just couldn't stay afloat. There were just kind of, not necessarily bad vibes, but we came to the realization that we can't do it full-time. I think it just stopped becoming a passion for most of us so we said, 'Alright, let's stop." Thus bringing an end to Chiodos' fifteen-year career. Owens is now performing under the stage moniker badXchannels and is touring in support of his new solo album "WHYDFML" (what have you done for me lately).


title: Craig Owens

text: Owens featured as vocalist in the supergroup, the Sound of Animals Fighting. Owens featured on the album "Lover, the Lord Has Left Us.." released in 2006. The group consisted of project members of Circa Survive, Finch, Rx Bandits, Days Away each member of the group wore an animal mask to hide their personas to influence the groups creativeness, Owens is identified in the group as the Ram. Owens appeared in the groups live line up We Must Become the Change We Want to See in 2006 along with 11 other members.


title: Craig Owens

text: During this work with Chiodos, Owens and Bell formed the side project Cinematic Sunrise as a place to perform music that didn't fit Chiodos' style. When the band signed with Equal Vision, in March 2008, its line-up had included Owens, Bell, Bryan Beeler, Marcus Vankirk and Dave Shapiro. Cinematic Sunrise released an EP later that Spring, "A Coloring Storybook and Long Playing Record".


title: Craig Owens

text: In September 2008, Owens revealed to fans on his journal that in addition to several guest vocalist appearances, he was working on another side project with Jonny Craig of Emarosa/Dance Gavin Dance, Vic Fuentes of Pierce the Veil and Nick Martin of Cinematic Sunrise. When the Isles & Glaciers supergroup was officially announced in December, it also included Owens' bandmate Matt Goddard, Fuentes' brother and bandmate Mike Fuentes and Brian Southall from the band TREOS.


title: Craig Owens

text: The supergroup premiered their first songs during a radio interview on January 18, 2009. The band's EP, "The Hearts of Lonely People", was released on March 9, 2010.


title: Craig Owens

text: Asked in March 2012 if Isles & Glaciers would consider further collaboration, Owens indicated that the possibility "had" been discussed among various members of the group but not established; "we've tossed the idea around to see if we could put it back together, but that was just to see if we could do anything...there's no set plans right now."


title: Craig Owens

text: On September 15, 2009, Owens released a solo EP, "Με την αγάπη (With Love)", through Equal Vision Records. Nine days later, on September 24, 2009, Chiodos announced that they had parted ways with Craig Owens, announcing that the decision to "let Craig Owens go as the singer of Chiodos...was a necessary one", but refusing to disclose details "[o]ut of respect for all of the hard work that we have put in together for all of these years". For the next several months, Owens maintained a low profile, taking personal time and writing songs.


title: Craig Owens

text: In June 2010, at the time he discussed his upcoming project with Alternative Press, he had written or co-written 30 songs for a not-yet-completed supergroup signed to Decaydance featuring Nick Martin of Cinematic Sunrise and Aaron Stern of Matchbook Romance. On August 17, Owens announced via Twitter that the new band would be named D.R.U.G.S. (Destroy Rebuild Until God Shows). On February 21, 2011, with the completed band lineup including Matt Good of From First to Last and Adam Russell of Story of the Year and production by John Feldmann, D.R.U.G.S. released their eponymous debut. The album reached No. 29 on "Billboard" 200 and higher on some of "Billboard"s specialized lists, including hitting No. 6 on Top Rock Albums, No. 5 on Modern Rock/Alternative Albums and No. 1 on Hard Rock Albums. D.R.U.G.S. coheadlined the 2011 Alternative Press Tour.


title: Craig Owens

text: In February 2016, Craig released a short grindcore EP entitled Empathy Is A Gift under the moniker of Bea5t, downloadable from his bandcamp page.


title: Craig Owens

text: After the end of Chiodos, Craig began releasing music under the moniker badXchannels. An extended play was released at the end of 2016 with two more stand-alone songs released in early 2017. These songs were later grouped into an EP known as "Transmissions", freely available to subscribers of his mailing list.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The Lady and the Unicorn () is the modern title given to a series of six tapestries created in the style of ("thousand flowers") and woven in Flanders from wool and silk, from designs ("cartoons") drawn in Paris around 1500. The set, on display in the Musée de Cluny in Paris, is often considered one of the greatest works of art of the Middle Ages in Europe.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: Five of the tapestries are commonly interpreted as depicting the five senses – taste, hearing, sight, smell, and touch. The sixth displays the words . The tapestry's intended meaning is obscure, but has been interpreted as representing love or understanding. Each of the six tapestries depicts a noble lady with the unicorn on her left and a lion on her right; some include a monkey in the scene.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The tapestries were rediscovered in 1841 by Prosper Mérimée in Boussac castle (owned at the time by the subprefect of the Creuse) where they had been suffering damage from their storage conditions. In 1844, the novelist George Sand saw them and brought public attention to the tapestries in her works at the time (most notably in her novel "Jeanne"), in which she correctly dated them to the end of the 15th century, using the ladies' costumes for reference. Nevertheless, the tapestries continued to be threatened by damp and mould until 1863, when they were bought by Edmond Du Sommerard, curator of the Musée de Cluny in Paris, where careful conservation has restored them nearly to their former glory and where they are still on display.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The subject of the tapestries is complex, and scholars "now (generally) agree that they present a meditation on earthly pleasures and courtly culture, offered through an allegory of the senses."


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The pennants, as well as the armor of the unicorn and lion in the tapestry appears to bear the arms of Jean IV Le Viste, a powerful nobleman in the court of Charles VII of France and presumably its sponsor. The arms, however, appear to break the rules of French heraldry with an incorrect superposition of colors. A very recent study of the heraldry appears to lend credence to another hypothesis - previously dismissed - that the real sponsor of the tapestry was Antoine II Le Viste (1470–1534), a descendant of the younger branch of the Le Viste family and an important figure at the court of Charles VIII, Louis XII and François I.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The 'Touch' tapestry displays a noble lady standing with one hand touching the horn of a unicorn, and the other holding up a pennant. A lion sits to the side and looks on.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: In the 'Taste' tapestry, the lady takes sweets from a dish held by a maidservant. Her eyes are on a parakeet on her upheld left hand. The lion and the unicorn are both standing on their hind legs, reaching up to pennants that frame the lady on either side. The monkey is at her feet, eating one of the sweetmeats.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: In the 'Smell' tapestry, the lady stands, making a wreath of flowers. Her maidservant holds a basket of flowers within her easy reach. Again, the lion and unicorn frame the lady while holding on to the pennants. The monkey has stolen a flower which he is smelling, providing the key to the allegory.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: In the 'Hearing' tapestry, the lady plays a portative organ on top of a table covered with an Oriental rug. Her maidservant stands to the opposite side and operates the bellows. The lion and unicorn once again frame the scene holding up the pennants. Just as on all the other tapestries, the unicorn is to the lady's left and the lion to her right.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: In the 'Sight' tapestry, the lady is seated, holding a mirror up in her right hand. The unicorn kneels on the ground, with his front legs in the lady's lap, from which he gazes at his reflection in the mirror. The lion on the left holds up a pennant.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: The sixth tapestry is wider than the others, and has a somewhat different style. The lady stands in front of a tent, across the top of which is inscribed her motto, , one of the deliberately obscure and elegant mottos, typically alluding to courtly love, adopted by the nobility during the age of chivalry. It is variously interpreted as "to my only/sole desire", "according to my desire alone"; "by my will alone", "love desires only beauty of soul", and "to calm passion". These frequently appear on artworks and illuminated miniatures. Her maidservant stands to the right, holding open a chest. The lady is placing the necklace she wears in the other tapestries into the chest. To her left is a low bench with a dog, possibly a Maltese, sitting on a decorative pillow. It is the only tapestry in which she is seen to smile. The unicorn and the lion stand in their normal spots framing the lady while holding onto the pennants.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: This tapestry has elicited a number of interpretations. One interpretation sees the lady putting the necklace into the chest as a renunciation of the passions aroused by the other senses, and as an assertion of her free will. Another sees the tapestry as representing a sixth sense of understanding (derived from the sermons of Jean Gerson of the University of Paris, ). Various other interpretations see the tapestry as representing love or virginity. It is also debated whether the lady in is picking up or setting aside the necklace.


title: The Lady and the Unicorn

text: In the first five tapestries, one or more of the animals are shown using the represented sense along with the woman. In "Touch", the unicorn can presumably feel the lady's hand touching its horn; in "Taste", a monkey is eating a sweetmeat; in "Smell", the monkey is sniffing a flower; in "Hearing", the animals presumably all hear the music; and in "Sight", the unicorn is gazing at itself in a mirror. In the final tapestry, only the women engage with the necklace. The blue tent in the last tapestry also serves to separate the human figures from the natural world, including the mythical unicorn, and is not present in any of the previous tapestries.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: The Misanthropic Luciferian Order (MLO) is an occult order founded in Sweden in 1995 and later renamed to Temple of the Black Light.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: The MLO released "Liber Azerate", a modern grimoire written by the order's Magister Templi, Frater Nemidial, in 2002. It was released on the internet in Swedish and Norwegian. Azerate is the hidden name of the "eleven anti-cosmic gods" described in the book. A related musical work is the 2006 Dissection album "Reinkaos", the lyrics of which were co-written by Frater Nemidial, and which Jon Nödtveidt explained was "based on the book "Liber Azerate" and the teachings of MLO". The MLO propagate "Chaos-Gnostic Satanism" or "Current 218".


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: In 2010, a second book named "Liber Falxifer" was published. It is also a grimoire with spells, and commentary about Latin American death cults. It was published by Ixaxaar Publications, in limited editions.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: The MLO believes in "Chaosophy": They believe that chaos is an infinidimensional and pandimensional plane of possibilities, in contrast to cosmos which only has three spatial dimensions and one linear time dimension. They also believe that, in comparison with the linear time of cosmos, chaos can be described as timeless in the way that it is not contained nor limited by one-dimensional time, and formless, because of its ever-changing and infinite number of space dimensions.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: Militant neo-gnosticism and misanthropy is taught within the group, and they say that the true Satanist must not be a part of the modern society, as it is founded upon lies. The very fabric of this reality is a lie that hinders chaos from realizing itself.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: These are the three dark veils before Satan, in their belief system seen as the three forces that were expelled from Ain Sof in order to make way for the manifestation of the "Black Light" in the "outer darkness" that soon became Sitra Ahra:


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: These three powers can be seen as the burning trident held high above the Thaumielitan. These three powers can also be viewed as wrathful reflections of Ain, Ain Soaf, and Ain Soaf Aur.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: In the summer of 1997, Josef Ben Meddour was murdered by members Vlad and his accomplice Jon Nödtveidt. This act was described by the police to be a homophobic hate crime. When Nödveidt and Vlad were arrested for the crime respectively on the 15th and 18 December 1997, the police discovered satanic altars in the homes of the two suspects. A human skull was also found at Vlad's place, for which he was charged with possession of human parts. According to the police, the cult never had more than a handful of followers.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: During their investigations, the police interrogated former members of the MLO, who described the organisation and narrated the occult ceremonies they had attended. Rituals included meditation, invocations of demons, and animal sacrifices– namely cats, which Vlad bought through classified ads. During the weeks that preceded the murder of Josef ben Meddour, Vlad had been more and more extremist in his speech, and the idea of performing human sacrifices, followed by a mass suicide, was discussed at length. During a meeting at Nödtveidt's place, a list of possible victims was made. It included a former follower who had defected, band members from Dissection, and even Nödtveidt's girlfriend.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: These plans led to the defection of some members of the MLO, who did not want to take part in any assassination, or who feared for their own lives. As a result, when the arrests were made, the number of active members was down to three: Nödtveidt, Vlad, and Vlad's girlfriend.


title: Temple of the Black Light

text: In 2006, Nödtveidt killed himself in his apartment. His body was found with candles and Liber Azerate.


title: SM Rookies

text: SM Rookies (, stylized as SMROOKIES) is a pre-debut training team created by South Korean entertainment agency SM Entertainment in 2013, composed of trainees who have yet to join an idol group. From 2013 to 2018, the team officially introduced 30 members, with 25 of them later debuting in the groups Red Velvet (), NCT and its first four subunits (), Aespa (), and Lami as an actress.


title: SM Rookies

text: SM Entertainment formally announced the creation of SM Rookies on December 3, 2013, featuring members Seulgi, Jeno and Taeyong. On December 9, Irene, Jaehyun and Lami were introduced. On December 16, members Mark, Hansol, and Jisung were introduced, followed by Johnny, Ten and Yuta on December 23.


title: SM Rookies

text: In January 2014, SM Rookies opened their official Twitter account. Wendy was introduced on March 13, 2014 with the song "Because Of You", recorded for the soundtrack of the SM C&C-produced series "Mimi". On March 19, 2014, a video of Wendy singing "Speak Now" by Taylor Swift was released. In April, SM Entertainment launched the official website of SM Rookies project, which they announced with a video teaser uploaded onto their official YouTube channel, featuring Irene, Seulgi, Wendy, Taeyong, Jaehyun, and Mark. Seulgi later featured on labelmate Henry's song "Butterfly". On July 17, a performance video of Irene and Seulgi dancing to the song "Be Natural" by S.E.S. was released, credited to SR14G.


title: SM Rookies

text: Member Donghyuck was later introduced on July 17, 2014. On July 21, Taeyong released a track video for the song “Open The Door”. On July 22, Mark and Donghyuck featured in the first video of the "Rookie Station" project.


title: SM Rookies

text: Later that month, the agency confirmed Irene, Seulgi, and Wendy as members of the group Red Velvet. On August 14, SM Rookies member Yeri featured in the third video of "Rookie Station" alongside Taeyong, Yuta, Jaehyun, Mark, Jeno and Donghyuck. On August 21, the fourth video of the "Rookies Station" series was released. On August 24, a video of Johnny, Taeyong and Hansol dancing to the song "Super Moon" was released, credited to SR14B. On September 16, the sixth video of the "Rookie Station" was released, featuring members Johnny, Yuta, Ten, and Jaehyun.


title: SM Rookies

text: On January 16, 2015, member Doyoung was introduced as he and Jaehyun were to become the new MCs of MBC Music's "Show Champion". On February 19, 2015, Johnny, Yuta, Ten, and Lami released their Lunar New Year greetings. In February, a report of Red Velvet filming a music video with trainee Yeri leaked online. The following month, SM Entertainment formally introduced Yeri as the fifth member of Red Velvet. On March 6, a clip of Hansol, Johnny, Taeyong, Yuta, Ten, and Jaehyun (as SR15B) dancing to the song "Bassbot" was released. After months of being featured in various SM Rookies events, Jaemin was formally introduced in April. In June, Ten and Jaehyun competed in the Hope Basketball All-Star event. Later that month, SM Rookies featured in News 'Korean Pop Idols Rule Asia' featuring Mark giving a short talk. On July 9, 2015, members Koeun, Hina, and Herin were introduced as they were to become "Mouseketeers" on Disney Channel Korea’s "" alongside Mark, Jeno, Donghyuck, Jaemin, Jisung, and Lami. On July 26, SM Entertainment announced a concert for the team's male members, titled SM Rookies Show.


title: SM Rookies

text: On July 30, a video of Hansol, Johnny, Taeyong, Yuta, Ten, and Jaehyun (as SR15B) performing a dance routine was released. On October 13, 2015, Taeil was introduced after being featured in multiple SM Rookies events. In November, female members of SM Rookies performed a dance in the video "Rookies Entertainment App Launching". On December 18, Kun was formally introduced. On December 22, Lami, Hina, and fellow trainee Park Jungyeon made appearances in video teasers for "Winter Garden 2015".


title: SM Rookies

text: On January 5, 2016, WinWin was introduced. On January 26, Taeil released the song "Because Of You" for the soundtrack of the series "".


title: SM Rookies

text: SM Entertainment founder Lee Soo-man announced a concept for a new boy group, to be called NCT, in which different teams would debut based in different countries around the world. In April 2016, the agency announced Taeil, Taeyong, Doyoung, Ten, Jaehyun and Mark as members of NCT's first sub-unit, NCT U. In July, the agency also confirmed Yuta, WinWin and Donghyuck (now known by his stage name Haechan) as members of NCT's second sub-unit, NCT 127. In August, the agency confirmed Jeno, Jaemin and Jisung as members of NCT's third sub-unit, NCT Dream, alongside Mark and Haechan.


title: SM Rookies

text: On September 19, Yiyang and Ningning were introduced followed by their appearances on the online reality show "My SMT". In December, the agency confirmed Johnny as a new member of NCT 127.


title: SM Rookies

text: On April 5, 2017, Lucas was introduced, followed by Jungwoo on April 17. Jungwoo and Koeun made appearances in the music video of Super Junior member Yesung's single "Paper Umbrella" later that month. After almost a one-year absence, member Kun appeared with Lucas and Jungwoo for the opening SM Rookies' Instagram account. In late June, Herin was confirmed as a contestant of Mnet's survival show "Idol School", leading to her departure from the team and SM Entertainment. Hansol followed in October, participating as a contestant in the KBS survival show "".


title: SM Rookies

text: In January 2018, NCT unveiled a "large scale project" for the year called NCT 2018, and some members of SM Rookies were seen in Ukraine filming a music video for a possible comeback. Members Jungwoo and Lucas were spotted alongside other NCT members in the airport en route to Ukraine. On January 30, SM Entertainment confirmed the debut of remaining SM Rookies members Kun, Lucas, and Jungwoo through the video "NCT 2018 Yearbook #1". On February 13, it was revealed that Lucas and Jungwoo would be making their official debut through NCT U's comeback single "Boss" alongside members Taeyong, Doyoung, Jaehyun, Winwin, and Mark. The music video for "Boss" was released on February 18.


title: SM Rookies

text: On July 17, three male Chinese trainees—Hendery, Xiaojun, and Yangyang—were introduced. On October 1, it was confirmed that Yiyang (이양) left SM Entertainment and returned to China to join the idol competition show "The Next Top Bang". On December 31, SM Entertainment announced the debut of Hendery, Xiaojun and Yangyang as members of NCT's Chinese sub-unit, WayV.


title: SM Rookies

text: On October 26, SM Entertainment announced the formation of their new girl group, Aespa. On October 29, the agency re-introduced Ningning as the third member of the group, which debuted on November 17.


title: SM Rookies

text: On July 1, 2022, SM Entertainment relaunched SM Rookies by introducing three new male trainees: Eunseok, Shohei, and Seunghan.


title: SM Rookies

text: On December 9, 2022, SM Entertainment confirmed that Lami would be debuting as an actress, making her the final member of the original lineup introduced back in 2013 to make an official debut.


title: Jeanna Fine

text: Adult film actress Barbara remarked how "fine" Jeanna was, which prompted Jeanna to adopt that as her surname. She was romantically involved with fellow pornographic actress Savannah.


title: Jeanna Fine

text: Fine began in the adult movie industry as a blonde-haired punk-girl when she was 21 in 1985. She made fifty movies between 1986 and 1989. She re-emerged as a black-haired in 1990. According to Fine's official adult film bio, Fine's adult film career was noted to have several large gaps between performing, such as during the pregnancy and birth of her son.


title: Jeanna Fine

text: Fine was inducted in the AVN Hall of Fame in 1997. She is also in the X-Rated Critic's Association's Hall of Fame.


title: Jeanna Fine

text: Fine appeared briefly in the film "The Boondock Saints", as a dancer working the adult parlor where an attack was made on a mafia character played by fellow adult star Ron Jeremy.


title: Jeanna Fine

text: Fine became involved in a long-term relationship with fellow pornographic actress Savannah, who claimed to have fallen deeply in love with Fine. In a 1999 interview following the airing of the E! "True Hollywood Story" about Savannah's life and death, Fine commented, "We had an ongoing, on-again, off-again, volatile, loving relationship. At that time I was having a lot of problems myself. Between [male porn actor] Sikki Nixx and Savannah pushing and pulling, I pretty much at one point ran away from them both. I couldn't take it any longer. But I feel I left her behind when she needed me most. It's very sad." Their relationship has been described as troubled due to the two women's heroin addiction.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: John Henry Steenhuisen (born 25 March 1976) is a South African politician who has served as the leader of the Opposition since October 2019 and has been the federal leader of the Democratic Alliance since November 2020, having served as the interim leader for one year from November 2019. He was chief whip of the official opposition from May 2014 until October 2019. Ideologically, Steenhuisen has been described as a liberal, a supporter of non-racialism and a firm believer in racial equality.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Born in Durban, he matriculated from Northwood Boys' High School. Steenhuisen joined the Democratic Party and was elected to the Durban City Council in 1999 as the councillor for Durban North. In 2000, the Democratic Alliance was formed, and he was elected as a councillor of the newly formed eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in that year's municipal election. He was appointed as the DA's caucus leader in 2006.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: After the 2009 elections, he became a member of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature and was appointed the DA's caucus leader. Soon after, Steenhuisen was elected as the party's KwaZulu-Natal provincial leader, a position he held until he resigned in October 2010, amid an extramarital affair. He joined the National Assembly in July 2011, and he became the Shadow Minister of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs in February 2012 following his appointment by Lindiwe Mazibuko.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In 2014, Steenhuisen was appointed Chief Whip of the Official Opposition by Mmusi Maimane, the newly elected DA Parliamentary Leader and Leader of the Official Opposition. He served as Chief Whip until October 2019, when Maimane resigned as the official opposition leader and party leader. Shortly afterwards, Steenhuisen was elected unopposed to replace him as the Leader of the Opposition. In November 2019, he was elected interim leader of the DA, after he defeated Makashule Gana, a DA MPL in Gauteng. A year later, he was elected leader for a full term at the party's Federal Congress, defeating Mbali Ntuli, a DA MPL from KwaZulu-Natal.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen was born in Durban and matriculated from Northwood Boys' High School, an English-medium high school in Durban, in 1993. He went on to study a course in political science at the London School of Economics and Political Science, but has never obtained a university degree. He once told Parliament that he had enrolled for a bachelor's degree in politics and law at the University of South Africa in 1994, but he could not finish the course due to work and financial circumstances.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen started as an ordinary Democratic Party (predecessor to the Democratic Alliance) activist before he became a branch member.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: At the age of 22 in 1999, Steenhuisen was elected to the then Durban City Council as the DP councillor for Durban North. He was the youngest municipal councillor at that time. At the 2000 municipal election, the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality was formed and Steenhuisen was elected as a councillor for the newly established DA. He continued to serve as an ordinary councillor until his appointment as the DA's caucus leader in 2006. In that same year, he was assigned to serve on the city's Executive Committee.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen was elected to the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature in the 2009 general election. The incoming DA caucus elected him as leader, replacing party veteran, Roger Burrows. At the inaugural sitting, he challenged Zweli Mkhize of the African National Congress for the post of premier, but lost after he received 7 votes compared to Mkhize's 68 votes.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: He was elected as the KwaZulu-Natal provincial leader of the Democratic Alliance at the party's Provincial Congress held later that same year. Steenhuisen held this position until 24 October 2010, after he announced on 18 October his intention to resign amid the disclosure of an extramarital affair. Steenhuisen continued to serve as an MPL and the DA's caucus leader until his move to the National Assembly.Steenhuisen joined the National Assembly on 19 July 2011 by replacing Mark Steele, a DA MP who, in turn, assumed Steenhuisen's seat in the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature. In February 2012, Steenhuisen was appointed by Lindiwe Mazibuko as Shadow Minister of Co-operative Governance and Traditional Affairs. He is currently a member of the Rules Committee. He had previously served as a member of the Joint Standing Committee on the Financial Management.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In 2012, he declared his candidacy for deputy chairperson of the DA Federal Council. He lost to Thomas Walters at the party's Federal Congress.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen was appointed as chief whip of the DA parliamentary caucus by Mmusi Maimane on 29 May 2014. He was reappointed to the post in May 2019.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen has delivered many speeches to Parliament that have been noted for their incisive criticism of African National Congress (ANC) leadership, including previous South African President Jacob Zuma.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Mmusi Maimane resigned as both Federal Leader and Parliamentary Leader of the DA in October 2019, causing Steenhuisen to lose the position of chief whip. Steenhuisen's deputy, Jacques Julius, then served as acting chief whip. Steenhuisen declared his candidacy to succeed Maimane as parliamentary leader and was elected unopposed on 27 October 2019. He formally announced on 28 October that he would run for federal leader of the party. He was elected interim leader of the party on 17 November, defeating Gauteng MPL Makashule Gana.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: On 15 February 2020, he declared his intention to seek a full-term as Federal Leader of the DA at the Hellenic Community Centre in Mouille Point, Cape Town. The party was scheduled to elect its new leadership at its Federal Congress in May 2020 but this was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, Steenhuisen suspended all campaign activities.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In May 2020, the DA's Federal Council, the second-highest decision-making body, resolved to hold the conference virtually between 31 October and 1 November, a move which some critics denounced as being favourable to Steenhuisen's campaign, as he has a public profile and access to party structures, giving him an advantage. He faced KwaZulu-Natal MPL Mbali Ntuli for the position. As the campaign progressed, he received endorsements from prominent party members, including Western Cape provincial leader Bonginkosi Madikizela and interim federal chairperson Ivan Meyer. On 1 November 2020, Steenhuisen was announced as the new leader of the party.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: On 1 November 2022, Steenhuisen announced his intention to seek re-election at the DA's Federal Congress in 2023. Steenhuisen launched his campaign for re-election on 19 November in Cape Town. He told supporters that while things had improved in the DA, there were still challenges. Steenhuisen also conceded that coalitions were diffucult to manage as the party governs four out of the eight metropolitan municipalities and multiple municipalities across the country through coalition governments. Despite the party's ongoing exodus of black leaders and Federal Council Chairperson Helen Zille's strong influence in decision-making, Steenhuisen is considered by political analysts to easily win re-election at the Federal Congress next year.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen led the Democratic Alliance into the 2021 national municipal elections. He said in an interview with "News24" in September 2021: "The DA's core message in this election is not about the ANC. It's about the DA. We are going to be talking with South Africans about what we have to offer. Not just a critique of the ANC, but say, 'The DA gets things done'." On 25 September 2021, Steenhuisen released the DA's election manifesto. He said that the manifesto was a blueprint for “a local government that works".


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Throughout the campaign, Steenhuisen warned that voting for smaller parties could aid and abet the ANC and EFF and said that some smaller parties were not interested in taking on the ANC, only the DA. The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) called the DA 'arrogant' over its election messages which discouraged voters from voting for smaller political parties. In early-October 2021, the DA put up controversial election placards in the majority Indian suburb of Phoenix in KwaZulu-Natal which read: "The ANC called you racists. The DA called you heroes." During the riots and looting that affected the province in July 2021, residents of Phoenix formed armed citizen vigilantes to protect the community due to the lack of police response. Violent clashes occurred between residents and black people from close townships like Inanda resulted in the deaths of 36 people and increased racial tensions between Black and Indian South Africans. The posters were denounced by several political parties and the DA was accused of exploiting fear and deepening divisions for electoral gain. Steenhuisen defended the posters and said that the party would not apologise for putting them up. The party later apologised for the posters and began removing them.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In the municipal elections of 1 November 2021, the DA's electoral support declined. The party had won 1,396 municipal seats, outright control of 11 municipalities and was the leading party in 23 municipalities. The party had lost 386 seats and outright control of 8 municipalities. Despite the party's decline, the party did win control of the uMngeni Local Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal, making it the first DA-run municipality in the province. In several municipalities and large metropolitan municipalities, no party won an outright majority. The party then held coalition discussions with ActionSA, the Freedom Front Plus, the African Christian Democratic Party and several other political parties. Coalition talks nearly collapsed after the party refused to vote for Herman Mashaba, former DA mayor of Johannesburg and ActionSA president, to become mayor of Johannesburg again. On 22 November 2021, the DA gained back control of the City of Johannesburg and gained control of the City of Ekurhuleni for the first time after ActionSA president Mashaba convinced the Economic Freedom Fighters leadership to vote for the DA mayoral candidates. Coalition talks then resumed and the DA and its coalition partners signed an agreement to govern several municipalities on 16 December 2021.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In the early days of Steenhuisen's leadership, he appointed Natasha Mazzone as the new chief whip of the DA parliamentary caucus on 31 October 2019. The party lost control of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality in December 2019. In August 2016, then-DA leader Maimane formed an informal alliance with the Economic Freedom Fighters to secure control of several hung municipalities, including Johannesburg with Herman Mashaba of the DA as the city's mayor. Mashaba resigned as mayor in October 2019 and left office in November. A vacancy was therefore created. DA Federal Council Chairwoman Helen Zille and Steenhuisen both opposed a coalition agreement with the EFF. On 4 December, the ANC regained control of the City of Johannesburg. Previous DA coalition partners and a few DA councillors voted for the ANC candidate, Geoff Makhubo.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: On 5 December 2020, Steenhuisen announced his Shadow Cabinet. The majority of the positions remained unchanged, with Geordin Hill-Lewis remaining at Finance, Andrew Whitfield at Police and Siviwe Gwarube at Health. He removed Phumzile van Damme as Shadow Minister of Communications and replaced her with Zakhele Mbhele. He also granted Van Damme a health-related sabbatical until March 2021. She subsequently accused Steenhuisen of trying to use her health sideline her, as her sick leave was due to end on 15 December 2020, and she was in good health. She described the sabbatical as "unsolicited" as it was not based on her health but rather Steenhuisen’s intention to sideline her despite being a top performing MP. It was claimed that she was being sidelined because she had not supported Steenhuisen candidature as leader of the party The DA disputed Van Damme's accusation, but she vehemently insisted that Steenhuisen had instructed her to cease all her parliamentary duties and go on an unsolicited sabbatical. She further added that she saw the decision to place her on the unsolicited sabbatical as also an attempt to control her life and body. Steenhuisen then claimed he had made the sabbatical optional and Van Damme could continue with her parliamentary duties. Van Damme again disputed this and insisted the sabbatical was not made optional and that she was directed by Steenhuisen to cease all her parliamentary duties while on a 3-month sabbatical. She later said she would abide by his instruction, go on sabbatical while legally challenging what she saw as an abuse of power by Steenhuisen. On 12 February 2021, Van Damme announced that her disagreement with Steenhuisen regarding her sabbatical had been resolved and she would return to work, focusing on digital technologies. She later resigned as a DA MP in May 2021, citing a clique of individuals.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: On 18 August 2022, Steenhuisen conducted a reshuffle of his shadow cabinet. He promoted the deputy chief whip of the DA parliamentary caucus Siviwe Gwarube to chief whip of the DA caucus, while former chief whip Natasha Mazzone was appointed the National Security Advisor to Steenhuisen. Veteran DA MP Dianne Kohler Barnard was appointed Shadow Minister of Communications, while Phineas Masipa was appointed Shadow Minister of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development. Solly Malatsi had been re-appointed by Steenhuisen as the party spokesperson after he resigned back in November 2020.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: Steenhuisen had been under pressure to remove Mazzone as chief whip by DA MPs. In April 2022, "The Sunday Times" reported that several senior members of the DA caucus, including Steenhuisen himself, disapproved of Mazzone's performance.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the DA launched a coronavirus information channel. On 8 May 2020, Steenhuisen delivered a speech in which he called for the national lockdown to be ended. Steenhuisen called the lockdown “destructive” and said, “there is no longer a justification to keep this hard lockdown in place.” He also said that the DA had written to the International Monetary Fund and filed a PAIA complaint to obtain the minutes of the National Command Council's decision to retain the tobacco ban.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: He currently resides in Umhlanga, KwaZulu-Natal and is a supporter of the Sharks rugby union team and AmaZulu F.C. football club. Steenhuisen was married for 10 years to Julie Steenhuisen (née Wright), a fellow Durban native. They were divorced in October 2010 amid Steenhuisen's affair with Terrry Beaumont, the wife of the DA's former KwaZulu-Natal director Michael Baeumont. Steenhuisen has two daughters from his first marriage. He is now married to Terry, and they have a daughter together. He is fluent in both English and Afrikaans.


title: John Steenhuisen

text: In an August 2022 interview on "Podcast and Chill" with MacG and Sol Phenduka, when MacG asked Steenhuisen “What is roadkill?". He responded that it "sounds a lot like my ex-wife…flat chicken." Gender activists stated that "even in jest, falls far short of standards of responsible and gender-sensitive political leadership" and questioned the timing of the joke (made during women's month).


title: DGC Records

text: DGC Records (an initialism for the David Geffen Company) was an American record label that operated as a division of Interscope Geffen A&M Records, which is owned by the Universal Music Group.


title: DGC Records

text: DGC Records was launched in 1990 as a subsidiary label of Geffen Records and was distributed by Warner Bros. Records until 1991, when it was acquired by MCA Music Entertainment Group. The label was created as a response to the success Geffen had with the harder rock acts on its roster. Though it initially focused on more progressive rock and heavy metal, as the decade progressed it also embraced the emergence of (and become a seminal label of) alternative rock, with influential acts like Nirvana, Sonic Youth, Hole, Weezer and Beck. The label also released early titles by hip hop band The Roots.


title: DGC Records

text: In 1999, during the consolidation of Geffen's Universal Music Group parent and PolyGram, the DGC label ceased operations. The retained acts went on to record for the main Geffen label. In the years to follow, the DGC title and logo occasionally appeared on reissues of its past catalog items. In 2007, the label was revived as a brand for Interscope Records, inheriting many alternative acts signed to Interscope Geffen A&M (including acts that previously recorded for DreamWorks Records). Since its reactivation, it has released albums by Weezer, Beck, Counting Crows and Rise Against. DGC Records, in partnership with MySpace Records and indie Lucky Ear Music, signed up-and-coming Los Angeles based artist Meiko. In December 2010, Luke Wood stepped down as president of the label. The label went inactive in 2013.


title: DGC Records

text: To date, the best-selling album in the DGC catalog is "Nevermind", the 1991 album by Nirvana, reaching international sales of 25 million copies worldwide, with ten million copies sold in the United States, and was one of the first albums on the label to be certified Diamond.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Romeo Crennel (born June 18, 1947) is a former American football coach, who was the senior advisor for football performance for the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). A former long-time coaching assistant to Bill Parcells, Crennel served as the head coach of the Cleveland Browns from 2005 to 2008 and the Kansas City Chiefs in 2012, as well an assistant coach for six NFL teams and four collegiate teams. He has over 50 years of coaching experience, which has included consistently being employed as a coach for all but two seasons since 1970, only taking the 2009 and 2013 seasons off following both of his tenures as a permanent head coach. He has five Super Bowl wins as assistant coach, two with the New York Giants and three with the New England Patriots.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: From 2014 to 2021, Crennel has served as an assistant coach for the Houston Texans under head coaches Bill O'Brien and David Culley, and served as the team's interim head coach during the 2020 season after O'Brien was fired following an 0–4 start. At 73 years and 115 days of age at the time of his promotion to interim coach, Crennel is the oldest person in NFL history to serve as a head coach, a record previously held by former Chicago Bears head coach/owner and NFL co-founder George Halas, who was 72 years and 318 days old when he coached the final game of his career on December 17, 1967. Crennel was the first Black head coach in Texans franchise history; he was also the first Black noninterim head coach in Browns history.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Crennel played baseball and football at Fort Knox High School in Kentucky and Amherst County (Va.) High School before committing to college football at Western Kentucky. Although he was a four-year starter as a defensive lineman, he became an offensive lineman during his senior season at the request of the coaching staff. He was named the team's most valuable player after the switch, but was not drafted and never played in the NFL. While the move may have hindered his draft chances, it increased his knowledge of the game, by experiencing the trenches from both the offensive and defensive side of the football. Crennel earned a bachelor's degree in physical education from Western Kentucky University, and then a master's degree while serving as a graduate assistant for the school in 1970.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: After one season as a graduate assistant with Western Kentucky (1970), Crennel served as the defensive line coach for three seasons (1971–1974).


title: Romeo Crennel

text: After four seasons at WKU, he became an assistant for defensive coordinator Bill Parcells and head coach Steve Sloan at Texas Tech for three seasons (1975–1977).


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Crennel finished his collegiate career with two seasons as the defensive ends coach for Ole Miss (1978–1979) and one season as the defensive line coach for Georgia Tech (1980).


title: Romeo Crennel

text: After spending two seasons as an assistant with the New York Giants, Crennel became the special-teams coach for seven seasons (1983–1989) and the defensive line coach for three seasons (1990–1992). In 1983, he was reunited with Parcells as the head coach.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: When Parcells stepped down as Giants head coach after Super Bowl XXV, Crennel stayed with the team under the two-year tenure of Ray Handley.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Crennel left the Giants after the 1992 season and worked as the defensive line coach for the New England Patriots for four seasons (1993–1996) and for the New York Jets for three seasons (1997–1999) during the time that Parcells was the head coach in each franchise.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: After one season in Cleveland, he filled the same role with the Patriots for four seasons (2001–2004) under long-time friend Bill Belichick. Crennel and Belichick both served as assistant coaches for the New York Giants, Patriots, and New York Jets, all coached by Bill Parcells from 1981-1990 and 1996-1999. Crennel helped lead New England to three Super Bowl victories (XXXVI, XXXVIII, and XXXIX).


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Before beginning the 2003 playoffs with the Patriots, Crennel interviewed for head-coaching positions with six teams in under 36 hours. He was not offered any jobs and was passed up by the New York Giants, Buffalo Bills, Arizona Cardinals, Chicago Bears, and Atlanta Falcons.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Crennel was hired to replace Butch Davis as head coach of the Cleveland Browns. He went 24–40 in his tenure with the Browns. His team went 6–10 and 4–12 in his first two seasons with the Browns, finishing last or tied for last in the AFC North. The Browns finished the 2007 season with a 10–6 record, just falling short of making the playoffs–only the franchise's second winning season since its revival in 1999. Crennel's success in the 2007 season earned him a two-year contract extension in January 2008.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: On January 13, 2010, Crennel was hired as the Kansas City Chiefs defensive coordinator, reuniting him with offensive coordinator Charlie Weis and general manager Scott Pioli from their days with the Patriots.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: Following Todd Haley's termination as the team's head coach after 13 games in the 2011 season, Crennel was named the team's interim head coach for the remaining three games of the season. Crennel won his first game as the interim head coach of the Chiefs on December 18, 2011 against the then undefeated Green Bay Packers 19–14, which was significant as Crennel snapped the Packers' 19-game winning streak and ended their hopes for a perfect season. Crennel finished his stint as interim head coach with a 2–1 record. However, in his tenure as a head coach for the Chiefs, Crennel would only win 2 more games finishing with a 4–15 overall record.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: On January 9, 2012 Crennel was named the 11th full-time head coach in Chiefs history. Three days later, Crennel announced his intent to remain as defensive coordinator during his tenure as head coach.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: On November 5, 2012, Crennel announced he would be stepping down as defensive coordinator and named linebackers coach Gary Gibbs to the vacant position, after a 1–7 start to the season.


title: Romeo Crennel

text: On December 1, 2012, Crennel attempted to prevent the suicide of player Jovan Belcher by talking to him and witnessed his death by a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. The following day, Crennel coached his team to a 27–21 victory over the Carolina Panthers, the Chiefs' first home victory since defeating the Packers the previous season, and the only other home win during his tenure.