title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: In the 1980s, the RJAF supported Saddam Hussein and the Iraqi regime during the Iran-Iraq War, committing their aircraft for combat training alongside Iraqi aircraft squadrons with one joint aircraft squadron. It remains unknown whether RJAF pilots took part in combat with Iran, although this seems unlikely. During the 1991 Gulf War, Jordan declared political support for the Iraqi regime, but the RJAF was never committed to combat in that war. The RJAF provided instruction for Iraqi pilots who also operated the similar Mirage F1.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Some six Lockheed C-130H Hercules entered RJAF service and remain critical in supporting Jordan's peacekeeping efforts. In 1987 the RJAF received CASA C-101s to replace the T-37 in the training role.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Due to economics ties between Jordan and Iraq, the fallout of Iraq meant that the RJAF was impacted upon but contrary to some reports, it did not lose its operational tempo and was not forced to cannibalize aircraft for shortages of spare parts. Despite this, the RJAF had to rationalise its existing resources due to a temporary downfall in spare parts and supplies. However, economic difficulties forced the RJAF to seek upgrades rather than the purchase of new equipment originally planned.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Modernization schemes continued with seven F-5Es sold to Singapore and some funding used to upgrade most of the remaining others with the AN/APG-67 radar (found on the aborted Northrop F-20 Tigershark, once an aircraft under evaluation by the RJAF), modern fire control systems, and within visual range (WVR) AAMs, thus putting the F-5 on par with more modern aircraft in terms of electronics. Despite this, the F-5s lack a BVR combat capability.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Two light CASA C-295s have been procured and procurement is likely to continue of the type. RJAF also received smaller numbers of the Antonov An-32 from Ukraine for STOL operations for Royal Special Forces, although the status of the Jordanian An-32s is uncertain. One Lockheed C-130 Hercules was received in March 1997. In 2006 two Ilyushin Il-76MF freighters were purchased from Russia. In 2011 RJAF announced the intention to turn 2 of the CASA/IPTN CN-235 transport aircraft into small aerial gunships.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: The Jordanian Special Operations Aviation Brigade has been using Sikorsky UH-60L Blackhawk and MD Helicopters MD-530F helicopters for special operations and border security. Two squadrons of ex-US Army AH-1F Cobra gunships were delivered in the late 1990s/early 2000s. Some have been sold to Pakistan and AH-1Fs will be replaced by new AH-6I attack helicopters. After signing the MDAP 18 surplus Bell UH-1H helicopters were delivered in 1994, followed by another 18 in 1996. Two C-130B Hercules transport aircraft and 16 UH-1H helicopters have been delivered to the Iraqi Air Force. Three C-130E will be received from the US in exchange. Currently two squadrons of UH-1Hs and one of AS332 Super Pumas support Army operations.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Between November 2015 and 3 March 2016, 8 UH-60A Black Hawks were delivered to Jordan from the United States under a no-cost lease arrangement. The delivery of 8 newly built UH-60M Black Hawks is expected in 2017 as part of a United States grant totaling US$200 million, with Sikorsky being contracted to the U.S. Army to build them.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Jordan assist Air forces in the Middle East, training Bahraini pilots and assisting Iraq. There is also a close cooperation with the USAF. The current commander of the Royal Jordan Air Force is Major General Zaid Naqrash.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On the morning of 16 April 2014, Jordanian air force fighter jets destroyed an undetermined number of vehicles trying to enter into Jordan by crossing the border from war-torn Syria during the Syrian Civil War.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On 23 September 2014, Jordanian air force aircraft joined in US-led air strikes against terrorist targets in Syria that later became known as Operation Inherent Resolve.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On 24 December 2014, an RJAF F-16 crashed near Raqqa, Syria, and its pilot, Flight Lieutenant Moaz Youssef al-Kasasbeh, was captured by ISIS militants. On 30 December 2014, a member of the Jordanian parliament, Rula al-Hroob, told America's National Public Radio that the RJAF had suspended military operations over Syria in order to help secure al-Kasasbeh's release. An attempt by US special operations to rescue al-Kasasbeh from Raqqa on 1 January 2015 failed when their helicopters were driven off by heavy enemy fire.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Following unsuccessful negotiations about a prisoner exchange, on 3 February 2015 it was reported that ISIS had murdered al-Kasasbeh by burning him alive, something that was done in early January but not revealed.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On 5 February 2015, the RJAF resumed operations against ISIS targets. The whole daily target list was handed over to 20 Jordanian F-16s.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: In February 2015 the US resupplied Jordan with munitions to be used in airstrikes against ISIS, including JDAM precision bombs.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: In the summer of 2015 Israel transferred 16 Bell AH-1E/F Cobras (4–6 to be used as spares) to be used by RJAF in the "border patrol" role, this is counter-insurgency role and in operations against terrorist State forces.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On 7 November 2015, "The New York Times" claimed that the RJAF had quietly suspended operations against targets in Syria, the last attack being in August, and instead diverted its aircraft to support Saudi-led operations against Houthi rebels in Yemen. This claim was contested by the Jordanian embassy in Washington, which told the paper that Jordan continued to conduct airstrikes on terrorist State targets.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Despite the limited funds and resources, Jordan has become actively involved in peace keeping operations, In 1994 the Jordanian Air Force participated in the airlifting operations to support the Jordanian troops serving with the United Nations in maintaining and preserving peace and resolving local disputes.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: RJAF achieved more than 200 flying hours in support of the Jordanian Armed Forces participating in peace keeping operations in Four ( 4 ) Continents.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: The Royal Jordanian Air Force has a strength of 14,000 active personnel. It contains six major airbases in addition to nineteen air squadrons, fourteen I-Hawk Batteries, and two training schools (a fighter aviation training school and a school of air combat). The Royal Jordanian Air Force Headquarters is at King Abdullah I Airbase in Amman.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: Previous notable aircraft operated by Jordan consisted of the de Havilland Dove, F-104 Starfighter, Dassault Mirage F1, Cessna T-37, Boeing 727, Gulfstream III, An-12 Cub, Bulldog 125, CASA C-235, Piper PA-44, Alouette III, Aérospatiale Gazelle and the Sikorsky S-76


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: The Royal Jordanian Air Force has received new aircraft, and other types of use have been withdrawn and put up for sale. On 24 July 2019, The Royal Jordanian Air Force Commander, Major General Yousef Huneiti, was appointed to a senior position as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Jordanian Armed Forces. The current Commander of the Royal Jordanian Air Force is brigadier general. Pilot Zaid Al-Najrish, who aims to continue in the footsteps of his predecessor in terms of more professionalism in the Royal Jordanian Air Force.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On the 3rd of March 2020, It was announced that instead of upgrading, Royal Jordanian Air Force is now looking to buy the latest F-16V Block 70/72 model to replace its current fleet of older F-16s. As early as September 2017, the Royal Jordanian Air Force was working with the U.S. Air Force Air Force Life Cycle Management Center (AFLCMC), based at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, to begin the Viper Block-70 operational upgrade program. This study is still under way, but it is unclear whether, and when, it will apply where necessary congressional approvals are needed to sell these possibilities to Jordan.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: It was announced on the 28th of July 2021, that F-16 MLU fighter levels 5 and 6.5, which is approximately equivalent to F-16C/D Block 50/52 and F-16C/D Block 50/52 + the except of the radar armed with GBU, JDAM bombs, AAM and ASM missiles, and targeting and reconnaissance pods, a video was released by the Ministry of Defense showing Jordanian pilots training in the newly upgraded F-16s.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: With addition to the latest upgrade of F-16 fighters to MLU level, it was announced on 14 November 2021, that the latest F-16 MLU 6.5 were upgraded with fighter aircraft painted with radar-absorbent paint GLASS V PAINT.


title: Royal Jordanian Air Force

text: On the 3rd of February 2022, The State Department has made a determination approving a possible Foreign Military Sale to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan of F-16 C/D Block 70 aircraft and related equipment for an estimated cost of $4.21 billion. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency delivered the required certification notifying Congress of this possible sale that day. It is believed that Jordan aims to acquire 12 C models, and four D models, as well as 21 F100 engines (providing five spare engines) and associated weapon and system packages.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Acts of Parliament, sometimes referred to as primary legislation, are texts of law passed by the legislative body of a jurisdiction (often a parliament or council). In most countries with a parliamentary system of government, acts of parliament begin as a bill, which the legislature votes on. Depending on the structure of government, this text may then be subject to assent or approval from the executive branch.


title: Act of Parliament

text: A draft act of parliament is known as a bill. In other words, a bill is a proposed law that needs to be discussed in the parliament before it can become a law.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In territories with a Westminster system, most bills that have any possibility of becoming law are introduced into parliament by the government. This will usually happen following the publication of a "white paper", setting out the issues and the way in which the proposed new law is intended to deal with them. A bill may also be introduced into parliament without formal government backing; this is known as a private member's bill.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In territories with a multicameral parliament, most bills may be first introduced in any chamber. However, certain types of legislation are required, either by constitutional convention or by law, to be introduced into a specific chamber. For example, bills imposing a tax, or involving public expenditure, are introduced into the House of Commons in the United Kingdom, Canada's House of Commons, Lok Sabha of India and Ireland's Dáil as a matter of law. Conversely, bills proposed by the Law Commission and consolidation bills traditionally start in the House of Lords.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Once introduced, a bill must go through a number of stages before it can become law. In theory, this allows the bill's provisions to be debated in detail, and for amendments to the original bill to also be introduced, debated, and agreed to.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In bicameral parliaments, a bill that has been approved by the chamber into which it was introduced then sends the bill to the other chamber. Broadly speaking, each chamber must separately agree to the same version of the bill. Finally, the approved bill receives assent; in most territories this is merely a formality and is often a function exercised by the head of state.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In some countries, such as in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain and Portugal, the term for a bill differs depending on whether it is initiated by the government (when it is known as a "draft"), or by the parliament (a "proposition", i.e., a private member's bill).


title: Act of Parliament

text: The committee considers each clause of the bill, and may make amendments to it. Significant amendments may be made at the committee stage. In some cases, whole groups of clauses are inserted or removed. However, if the Government holds a majority, almost all the amendments which are agreed to in committee will have been tabled by the Government to correct deficiencies in the bill or to enact changes to policy made since the bill was introduced (or, in some cases, to import material which was not ready when the bill was presented).


title: Act of Parliament

text: The debate on each stage is actually debate on a specific motion. For the first reading, there is no debate. For the second reading, the motion is "That this bill be now read a second time and be referred to [name of committee]" and for third reading "That this bill be now read a third time and pass." In the Committee stage, each clause is called and motions for amendments to these clauses, or that the clause stand part of the bill are made. In the Report stage, the debate is on the motions for specific amendments.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Once a bill has passed both Houses in an identical form, it is presented to the Governor General, who gives it royal assent. Although the Governor General can refuse to assent a bill, this power has never been exercised.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Bills being reviewed by Parliament are assigned numbers: 2 to 200 for government bills, 201 to 1000 for private member's bills, and 1001 up for private bills. They are preceded by C- if they originate in the House of Commons, or S- if they originate in the Senate. For example, Bill C-250 was a private member's bill introduced in the House. Bills C-1 and S-1 are pro forma bills, and are introduced at the beginning of each session in order to assert the right of each Chamber to manage its own affairs. They are introduced and read a first time, and then are dropped from the Order Paper.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In the Croatian legal system, a Constitutional Act is legislation passed and amended under the same conditions under which the Constitution of Croatia is passed or amended. A Constitutional Act is hierarchically under the Constitution and must comply with it, but is above other laws and decisions which must be in accordance with the Constitutional Act. There are altogether three Constitutional Acts in Croatia. The first Constitutional Act was the Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia, which on the recommendation of the Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia was international community's precondition for the recognition of Croatian independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Its new version was an initial precondition for the beginning of the European Union accession process of Croatia. The other two are the "Constitutional Act on Implementation of the Constitution of Croatia" and "Constitutional Act on the Constitutional Court of Croatia".


title: Act of Parliament

text: In the Parliament of India, every bill passes through following stages before it becomes "an Act of Parliament of India":


title: Act of Parliament

text: In the Irish Parliament, the Oireachtas, bills pass through the following stages. Bills may be initiated in either the Dáil or the Seanad, and must pass both houses.


title: Act of Parliament

text: A draft piece of legislation is called a "bill"; when this is passed by Parliament it becomes an "Act" and part of statute law. There are two types of bill and Act, "public" and "private". Public Acts apply to the whole of the UK or a number of its constituent countries – England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Private Acts are local and personal in their effect, giving special powers to bodies such as local authorities or making exceptions to the law in particular geographic areas.


title: Act of Parliament

text: There are special procedures for emergency bills, member's bills (similar to private member's bills in the UK Parliament), committee bills, and private bills.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In Singapore, the bill passes through these certain stages before becoming into an Act of Parliament.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Acts passed by the Parliament of England did not originally have titles, and could only be formally cited by reference to the parliamentary session in which they were passed, with each individual act being identified by year and chapter number. Descriptive titles began to be added to the enrolled acts by the official clerks, as a reference aid; over time, titles came to be included within the text of each bill. Since the mid-nineteenth century, it has also become common practice for acts to have a short title, as a convenient alternative to the sometimes lengthy main titles. The Short Titles Act 1892, and its replacement the Short Titles Act 1896, gave short titles to many acts which previously lacked them.


title: Act of Parliament

text: The numerical citation of acts has also changed over time. The original method was based on the regnal year (or years) in which the relevant parliamentary session met. This has been replaced in most territories by simple reference to the calendar year, with the first act passed being chapter 1, and so on.


title: Act of Parliament

text: In the United Kingdom, legislation is referenced by year and chapter number. Each act is numbered consecutively based on the date it received royal assent, for example the 43rd act passed in 1980 would be 1980 Chapter 43. The full reference includes the (short) title and would be The Magistrate's Court Act 1980 C. 43.


title: Act of Parliament

text: Until the 1980s, acts of the Australian state of Victoria were numbered in a continuous sequence from 1857; thus the Age of Majority Act 1977 was No. 9075 of 1977.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill River ( , ) is a river running northwest to southeast in eastern Pennsylvania. The river was improved by navigations into the Schuylkill Canal, and several of its tributaries drain major parts of Pennsylvania's Coal Region. It flows for from Pottsville to Philadelphia, where it joins the Delaware River as one of its largest tributaries.


title: Schuylkill River

text: In 1682, William Penn chose the left bank of the confluence upon which he founded the planned city of Philadelphia on lands purchased from the native Delaware nation. It is a designated Pennsylvania Scenic River, and its whole length was once part of the Delaware people's southern territories.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The river's watershed of about lies entirely within the state of Pennsylvania, the upper portions in the Ridge-and-valley Appalachian Mountains where the folding of the mountain ridges metamorphically modified bituminous into widespread anthracite deposits located north of the Blue Mountain barrier ridge.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Millions of tons of anthracite coal from Pennsylvania's Coal Region flowed by waterway and rail into Philadelphia to feed the iron and steel industry.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The source of the Schuylkill's eastern branch is in heavily mined land, one ridgeline south of Tuscarora Lake along a drainage divide with the Little Schuylkill River, about a mile east of the village of Tuscarora and about a mile west of Tamaqua, at Tuscarora Springs in Schuylkill County. Tuscarora Lake is one source of the Little Schuylkill.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The West Branch starts near Minersville and joins the eastern branch at the town of Schuylkill Haven. It then combines with the Little Schuylkill River downstream in the town of Port Clinton. The Tulpehocken Creek joins it at the western edge of Reading. Wissahickon Creek joins it in northwest Philadelphia. Other major tributaries include: Maiden Creek, Manatawny Creek, French Creek, and Perkiomen Creek.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill joins the Delaware at the site of the former Philadelphia Navy Yard, now the Philadelphia Naval Business Center, just northeast of Philadelphia International Airport.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Leni Lenape (called Delaware Indians by European settlers) are the original inhabitants of the area around this river. It remains unclear whether they historically had a single name for this river. There is evidence that the Lenape called the river "Ganshowahanna" (which means falling or roaring waters). There is also some belief that the Lenape called the river "Tool-pay Hanna" (Turtle River) or "Tool-pay Hok Ing" (Turtle Place). There is a tributary named Tulpehocken near Reading.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The first European explorers of the river were from the Netherlands, Sweden, and then England. It was through historical documents called various names, including "Manayunk", "Manajungh", "Manaiunk", and "Lenni Bikbi". The Swedish explorer called it ' or alternately ' or the Linde River. The (then believed) headwaters of the river, up near Reading, was later called "Tulpehocken" by the English.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The river was called the Dutch name ' (). As ' means "creek" (e.g. Dordtsche Kil) and ' (now spelled ') means "to hide, skulk" or "to take refuge, shelter", one explanation given for this name is that it translates to "hidden river", "skulking river" or "sheltered creek" and refers to the river's confluence with the Delaware River at League Island, which was nearly hidden by dense vegetation. This name has traditionally been credited to Arent Corsen (or Arendt Corssen), an agent of the Dutch West India Company who purchased land “on the Schuylkill River” in 1633. Another explanation is that the name properly translates to "hideout creek" in one of the Algonquian languages spoken by a Leni Lenape in their confederation.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The mighty Susquehannock confederation claimed the area along the Schuylkill as a hunting ground, as they did to the lands down along the Chesapeake Bay to the left bank Potomac River, across from the Powhatan Confederacy when traders first stopped in the Delaware and settlers arrived in the first decade of the 1600s. With ample tributary streams, the Schuylkill was ground zero during the early years of the Beaver Wars, during which the Delaware peoples became tributary to the victorious Susquehannocks, an Iroquoian people also often in contention with their relatives, both the Erie people west and northwest through the gaps of the Allegheny in eastern Ohio and northwestern Pennsylvania (between the upper Allegheny River and Lake Erie), and the Five Nations of the Iroquois, another Amerindian confederation eastwards from the right bank of the Genesee River through the Finger Lakes region of upper New York then down the Saint Lawrence.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Lenape had settlements on the river, including Nittabakonck ("place where heroes reside"), a village on the east bank just south of the confluence of Wissahickon Creek, and the Passyunk site, on the west bank where the Schuylkill meets the Delaware River.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Patriot paper maker Frederick Bicking owned a fishery on the river prior to the Revolution, and Thomas Paine tried in vain to interest the citizens in funding an iron bridge over this river, before abandoning "pontifical works" on account of the French Revolution. In the next decades, pioneering industrialists Josiah White and protege & partner Erskine Hazard built iron industries at the Falls of the Schuylkill in Jefferson's administration, where White built a suspension bridge with cables made from their wire mill. During the war of 1812 the two took delivery of an ark of anthracite coal which was notoriously difficult to combust reliably and experimented with ways to use it industrially, providing the knowledge to successfully begin resolving the ongoing decades long energy crises around eastern cities. The two then heavily backed the flagging effort to improve navigation on the Schuylkill, which efforts date back to legislation measures as early as 1762.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Needing energy resources, and by 1816 disenchanted with the lack of urgency found in other investors to accelerate the anemic (underfunded) construction rate of the Schuylkill Canal, the two jumped to option the mining rights of the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company, which disenchanted stockholders were giving up on. They then waited until a charter to improve the Lehigh went delinquent, resulting in two groups of investors forming two complementary companies in 1818 that jump-started the industrial revolution: the Lehigh Coal Company and the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company. Following White's plan, the latter company improved down river navigation on the Lehigh River, using his Bear Trap Locks design to deliver over 365 tons of anthracite to Philadelphia docks by December 1820, four years ahead of promises to Stockholders. The success, along with the pending opening of the first operable sections of New York's Erie Canal spurred stockholders of the Schuylkill Canal to finally fund the works. A project which had languished for over a decade got capitalized and began operations in 1822—the same year the Lehigh companies combined into the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company, having had to raise additional funds for repairs due to badly ice-damaged improvements, a common problem with northern canals.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The success of these projects and the rosy promise of anthracite (a new wonder fuel in the day) to alleviate energy problems spurred canal construction for the next decade in the east, and commercial opportunities funded three decades of investment from Illinois to the Atlantic Ocean, including the ambitious 1824 Main Line of Public Works bill to connect Philadelphia with the newly emerging states of the Northwest Territory via the Allegheny & Ohio valleys at Pittsburgh and to Lake Erie— leveraging the wide-ranging branches of the Susquehanna River in the state's center. In the 1830s railway technology and new railroads grew in leaps and bounds, and the Schuylkill Valley was at the heart of these developments, as well as the new Anthracite iron and mining industries. From 1820 to the 1860s Iron works, foundries, manufacturing mills, blast furnaces, rolling mills, rail yards, rail roads, warehouses and train stations sprang up throughout the valley. Tiny farm villages grew into vibrant company towns then transitioned into small cities as a major industry and supporting businesses transformed local economics and populations swelled.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The river is known to have been on fire more than once throughout history, for example in November 1892 when the surface film of oil that had leaked from nearby oil works at Point Breeze, Philadelphia, was ignited by a match tossed carelessly from a boat, with fatal results.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Silt and coal dust from upstream industries, particularly coal mining and washing operations in the headwaters, led to extensive silting of the river through the early 20th century. The river was shallow and filled with extensive black silt bars. By the early 20th century, upstream coal operations contributed over 3 million tons of silt annually to the river.


title: Schuylkill River

text: In 1948, led by then governor James H. Duff, a massive cleanup effort began. Twenty three impounding basins were excavated along the river, to receive dredged silt. The 1945 Desilting Act helped begin this cleanup task.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The quality of the river has improved much over the past decades. A fish ladder to support shad migration has been constructed at the Manayunk dam. Mayfly hatches (signifying good water quality) now occur yearly along the Montgomery sections of the river. Squid are abundant and plentiful after a decline in numbers in the 1980s. This decline was a result of runoff from the cardboard factory in Manayunk that runs along the river.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill River valley was an important thoroughfare in the eras of canals and railroads. The river itself, the Schuylkill Canal, the Reading Railroad, and the Pennsylvania Railroad were vital shipping conduits from the second decade of the 19th century through the mid-20th century. The rise of trucking capabilities and state & county development of road and highway networks progressively took increasing amounts of business away from both competing transport industries. By the mid-1930s the canals inflexibility and a geographically limited pool of customers steadily shifting energy usage away from anthracite doomed most eastern canals, so the Lehigh, Delaware and Schuylkill Canals all ceased operations during the Great Depression years. The zooming rise of automobile ownership post-World War II, the development of suburbs, and dispersal of industrial buildings into far flung parks serviced by the government supported highways and new Interstate Highways doomed intercity rail transport; even as Interstate Commerce Committee regulations required railway operating companies to maintain passenger rail services past its economic viability—which costs further imperiled the railroad's profits leading to a widespread collapse of the industry in the 1960s and 1970s.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Rail freight still uses many of the same valley rights-of-way that the 19th-century railroads used. Passenger and commuter rail service is more limited. Today, the old rail bed rights-of-way along the river between Philadelphia and Norristown contain SEPTA's Manayunk/Norristown Line (former Reading Railroad right-of-way) and the Schuylkill River Trail (former Pennsylvania Railroad right-of-way).


title: Schuylkill River

text: There are efforts to extend both rail and trail farther upriver than they currently reach. The Schuylkill River Trail continues upriver from Norristown to Mont Clare, and designers plan to connect it to sections above Pottstown. SEPTA Regional Rail service currently does not go farther upriver than Norristown. Visions of resuming commuter rail service farther up the Schuylkill valley ("Schuylkill Valley Metro") have yet to become reality.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill Expressway (Interstate 76) and the U.S. Route 422 follow the course of the river from Philadelphia to Valley Forge to Reading. Above Reading, Pennsylvania Route 61 continues along the main river valley to Schuylkill Haven, then follows the east branch to Pottsville. U.S. Route 209 continues along the east branch of the river to its head in Tuscarora. In Philadelphia, Kelly Drive (formerly East River Drive), and Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive (formerly West River Drive) flank the river.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill River is very popular with rowing, dragon boat, and outrigger paddling enthusiasts. The Schuylkill Navy was established on the riverside adjacent to the city of Philadelphia to promote amateur rowing in 1858. The Dad Vail Regatta, an annual rowing competition, is held on the river near Boathouse Row, as is the annual BAYADA Home Health Care Regatta, featuring disabled rowers from all over the continent, and in autumn the annual Head of the Schuylkill Regatta takes place in Philadelphia. Also, the Stotesbury Cup Regatta, the biggest high school regatta in the world, takes place there. The Chinese sport of dragon boat racing was introduced to the United States on the Schuylkill in 1983, and two major dragon boat regattas are held there in June and October of each year.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill River Trail, which generally follows the river bank, is a multi-use trail for walking, running, bicycling, rollerblading, and other outdoor activities. The trail presently runs from Philadelphia, through Manayunk to the village of Mont Clare, the latter of which are the locations of the last two remaining watered stretches of the Schuylkill Canal. There is also a section of trail starting at Pottstown and running upriver toward Reading. Plans are under way to complete the trail from the Delaware River to Reading.


title: Schuylkill River

text: In the ""Thunder Gun Express"" episode of "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", Frank Reynolds (played by Danny DeVito), steals a tourist ferry and travels down the Schuylkill River, noting that it's "the depository of all the unsolved crimes and murders in Philadelphia". Also, in the "Mac Day" episode, Mac (played by Rob McElhenney), declares that part of his ""Mac Day"" will include the gang filming scenes for his series "Project Badass" over the Schuylkill River with his cousin Country Mac (played by Seann William Scott). He tells the gang to act as if he has jumped from a bridge and that he will edit it in afterwards. Country Mac shows him up by actually jumping into the river.


title: Schuylkill River

text: In several episodes of "Cold Case" one or another of the Cold Case squad mentions finding "a floater in the Schuylkill".


title: Schuylkill River

text: In the 2019 film "The Irishman", the Mob hitman Frank Sheeran, played by Robert De Niro, disposes of a gun he just used in a hit by tossing it into the Schuylkill River, noting, "There's a spot in the Schuylkill River everybody uses. If they ever send divers down there, they'd be able to arm a small country."


title: Schuylkill River

text: The Schuylkill River, and adjacent neighborhood of Manayunk, are featured as the setting for Audioslave's "Doesn't Remind Me" music video.


title: Schuylkill River

text: In the music video for "Pain" by The War on Drugs (band), the band can be seen floating down the Schuylkill River while performing on a barge.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The angler, artist, and author Ron P. Swegman has made the Schuylkill River a focal point of two essay collections, "Philadelphia on the Fly" and "Small Fry: The Lure of the Little". Both books describe the experience of fly fishing along the Philadelphia County stretch of the river in the 21st century.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Beth Kephart published a series of poetic ruminations about the river in "Flow: The Life and Times of Philadelphia's Schuylkill River" in 2007.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The river plays an important part of Jerry Spinelli's young adult fiction novel "Maniac Magee". The titular character's parents died before the main timeline of the story when their commuter train plunged into the Schuylkill, and much of the main story takes place in the fictional town of Two Mills, which is based on Spinelli's home town of Norristown, Pennsylvania, also located on the Schuylkill near Philadelphia.


title: Schuylkill River

text: Jules Verne's novel "Robur the Conqueror" starts out in Philadelphia on the banks of the Schuylkill River.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The river is also the setting of the fictional estate White Acre in Elizabeth Gilbert's 2013 novel "The Signature of All Things". Gilbert chose an actual mansion, the Hamilton house, nestled on the west side of the Schuylkill River in the Woodlands Cemetery, near 40th Street and Woodland Avenue, on which to base White Acre.


title: Schuylkill River

text: The main protagonist of Ta-Nehisi Coates' "The Water Dancer" first arrives in a free Philadelphia at Gray's Ferry overlooking the Schuylkill.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The first season of the American television series "Loki", based on Marvel Comics featuring the character of the same name, sees Loki brought to the mysterious Time Variance Authority (TVA) after stealing the Tesseract during the events of "" (2019), and is forced to help catch a dangerous variant version of himself. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films and television series of the franchise. The season was produced by Marvel Studios, with Michael Waldron serving as head writer and Kate Herron directing.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Tom Hiddleston reprises his role as Loki from the film series, with Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Wunmi Mosaku, Eugene Cordero, Tara Strong, Owen Wilson, Sophia Di Martino, Sasha Lane, Jack Veal, DeObia Oparei, Richard E. Grant, and Jonathan Majors also starring. "Loki" was officially confirmed among the various Disney+ series in development from Marvel Studios in November 2018, along with Hiddleston's involvement. Filming began in February 2020 in Atlanta, Georgia, but was halted in March due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Production resumed that September and completed in December. The series takes place after the events of the film "Avengers: Endgame", in which an alternate version of Loki created a new timeline, diverging from the events of "The Avengers" (2012). The season has a crime thriller tone, and sets up the events of the MCU films "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness" (2022) and "" (2023).


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The first season premiered on Disney+ on June 9, 2021, running for six episodes until July 14, as part of of the MCU. The season has received positive reviews, with praise for the performances, musical score, and visuals. A second season was confirmed in July 2021.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: In November 2018, Disney CEO Bob Iger confirmed that a series centered on Loki was in development for Disney+ from Marvel Studios and that Tom Hiddleston was expected to reprise his role from the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films. Michael Waldron was hired as head writer and executive producer of the series in February 2019, and was also set to write the first episode. Waldron felt the series was an opportunity for "chaos and fun", such as connecting Loki to the story of D. B. Cooper, and his pitch to Marvel was to create a "big, crazy, fun time adventure" that would explore a new corner of the MCU and do something unexpected in each episode that would "blow up" the audience's ideas of what the series is.Waldron had assumed the audience was expecting the show to be similar to "Quantum Leap", with Loki influencing historical events. Kate Herron, a fan of Loki, prepared a 60-page document for her pitch to be the series' director, feeling that a display of passion for the character would differentiate her from more experienced directors that were being considered. After developing her pitch during several interviews over Zoom with Marvel Studios executives Kevin Wright and Stephen Broussard, the London-based Herron was flown to Burbank for a meeting with top executives including Feige, Victoria Alonso, and Louis D'Esposito. Wright believed Herron's pitch had a "complete vision" of how to take the ideas for the series and turn them into something "wholly unique" to the MCU. In August 2019, Feige met with Herron in London to offer her the job as director for the series. Within 48 hours, she flew to New York to meet Hiddleston and discuss the character with him, and then went on to Disney's D23 Expo event where she was announced as director and executive producer. Part of Herron's agreement to join the series was ensuring there was gender parity amongst the crew, particularly with the department heads. Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert had also been approached to direct the season, but opted to pursue their own film project, "Everything Everywhere All at Once" (2022), which also dealt with multiversal concepts.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: After Waldron signed on to write the MCU film "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness" (2022) in February 2020, writer Eric Martin was promoted to handle the day-to-day needs of the series including being the lead writer on set, with Waldron and Martin later collaborating on any rewrites for the series. The first season consists of six 40- to 50-minute episodes, equaling 280 minutes total. In addition to Waldron and Herron, executive producers for the series include Feige, D'Esposito, Alonso, Broussard, and Hiddleston. The season sees an alternate version of Loki brought to the mysterious Time Variance Authority (TVA) to help fix the timeline and stop a greater threat, ending up trapped in a crime thriller of his own making, traveling through time and altering human history.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Elissa Karasik, Bisha K. Ali, Eric Martin, and Tom Kauffman served as writers for the season, with Jess Dweck also assisting, working for 20 weeks to create the season's scripts. Waldron found this period challenging because he also had to write the pilot episode, which is normally done in a separate development period before additional writers are hired, to establish the world of the series while conceiving story elements for the rest of the episodes. The basic structure of the season was determined in the first three weeks of work, knowing the first episode would see Loki interrogated, the second having "the police work" with Mobius M. Mobius, the third would see Loki and his female variant Sylvie on Lamentis, the fourth had "the conspiracy coming undone", the fifth would take place in the Void or "some form of it", and the final episode would be at the Citadel at the End of Time.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The season takes place after "" (2019), which saw Loki steal the Tesseract during the 2012 events of "The Avengers" (2012) and unwittingly create an alternate timeline from the main MCU films. In the season, this "time variant" of Loki travels through time and alters human history, with the season exploring the questions "Where did Loki go after he picked up the Tesseract? Could Loki ever make a friend? [W]ill the sun ever shine on him again?". Exploring alternate timelines and the multiverse allowed "Loki" to introduce versions of other MCU characters in addition to other versions of Loki. Waldron also hoped to explore more complex character questions such as what makes a person "truly good or truly bad", and what makes a hero, a hero, or a villain, a villain. He added that the season's setting in an alternate timeline meant it did not have to deal with the "immediate grief and aftermath" of "Endgame" and could instead "blaze a little bit of a new trail into a new corner of the MCU", which differentiates it from Marvel Studios' previous two Disney+ series "WandaVision" and "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier" that are set shortly after "Endgame".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Waldron's pitch for the season was to create "a big, crazy, fun time adventure" that would explore a new corner of the MCU, something Herron agreed with. This included introducing the Time Variance Authority (TVA), an organization that monitors the various timelines of the Multiverse. Feige and Broussard had hoped to introduce the TVA into the MCU for years, but the right opportunity did not present itself until "Loki". The introduction of the TVA convinced Hiddleston to make the series. Waldron felt the organization was fun because it presents something as "remarkable" as time travel as "soulless" and bureaucratic. Herron infused the season's depiction of the TVA with details and knowledge from her time as a temp worker, and the writers added "fun flourishes of discontinued things" from the past that the TVA would be able to access such as drinks from the 1990s like Josta and BoKu. The hierarchy of the TVA and its "inner workings" are explored, with "The Hudsucker Proxy" (1994) a reference for Herron on the hierarchy.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The writers worked to conceive how time travel works at the TVA to ensure the audience would be able to easily grasp the concept and rules, expanding upon the method that was introduced in "Avengers: Endgame". Waldron felt it was important to make this logic air-tight because, being a weekly series, the audience would have a week between each episode to "pick this apart". Speaking to the locations visited in the season, Waldron hoped to subvert the audience's expectations of Loki appearing at various monumental events in history, instead choosing to go places the audience knows "but didn't know well and maybe might be exciting to see".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Waldron felt that exploring the TVA's perspective on time and reality would help examine Loki's struggle with identity. He noted that the character had been out of control at pivotal parts of his life throughout the MCU films, and the TVA's place working with different timelines would take him further out of his comfort zone. Waldron explained that the nature of the work done by the TVA made the organization "uniquely suited to hold up a mirror to Loki and make him confront who he is and who he is supposed to be". Hiddleston also felt the season was about identity, as well as the difficulty of self-knowledge and self-acceptance, and "integrating the disparate fragments of the many selves that [Loki] can be", pointing to the series' logo, which features the "Loki" title shifting through various fonts, as an indication of this. As well, Hiddleston believed "Loki" was about the value of time and what it is worth to a person. Broussard stated that in addition to the time travel element, the season would have a "man-on-the-run quality to it", with Waldron adding that there was an unexpected science fiction quality to the season, which also explores mysterious conspiracies and bending reality. "Loki" also has murder mystery thriller elements. Love stories are also a part of the season, with Waldron highlighting the platonic love story between Loki and Mobius that is similar to the one between the characters Carl Hanratty and Frank Abagnale Jr. in "Catch Me If You Can" (2002). The season also sees Loki fall in love with Sylvie. This was a large part of Waldron's pitch for the series, noting they were uncertain if portraying Loki falling in love with another version of himself was "too crazy". He continued noting "Loki" was "ultimately about self-love, self-reflection, and forgiving yourself" and it "felt right" for the series be the character's first "real love story".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Waldron said the season was structured as individual short stories rather than a six-hour film split into episodes, comparing his approach to the series "The Leftovers" and "Watchmen". The series "Mad Men" was a philosophical and aesthetic inspiration for "Loki", since Waldron believed it was a good example of a "rich character study" which is what he was aiming for in "Loki". Other inspirations include "Before Sunrise" (1995), "Catch Me If You Can", Quentin Tarantino films, David Fincher films like "Seven" (1995) and "Zodiac" (2007), "The Silence of the Lambs" (1991), "Toy Story" (1995), "Armageddon" (1998), the series "Lost", and the series "Rick and Morty" (which Waldron was a writer on). "Loki" does not adapt a particular storyline from the comics, despite various comic references appearing. The Kid Loki story in "Journey into Mystery", written by Kieron Gillen, was an inspiration to Waldron because it explored the character's humanity in a vulnerable space that is only possible with a child (and not necessarily because there is a child version of Loki in the season).


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Feige stated in November 2019 that the season would tie-into "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness", but ahead of the season's premiere he would not reconfirm this or whether the season would tie in with any other MCU projects. However, he did say the season would be "tremendously important" and would "lay the groundwork" for the future of the MCU, having more impact on the MCU than "WandaVision" or "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier" did. Waldron noted that, as with all MCU properties, the aim was for "Loki" to have "wide-reaching ramifications" across the franchise. He collaborated closely with Jeff Loveness, the writer of the MCU film "" (2023), since that film deals with the Quantum Realm and is closely tied to the multiverse. As well, Ali became the head writer of the Marvel Studios series "Ms. Marvel" (2022). The "man behind the curtain" of the TVA is revealed to be He Who Remains, a variant of the "Quantumania" character Kang the Conqueror. Jonathan Majors portrays both roles, and Waldron felt it made "so much sense" to introduce Majors in the season since Kang is a "time-traveling, multiversal adversary" and thought to be the "next big cross-movie villain". The finale also sets up the events of "Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness", and elements of "" (2021). Broussard and Wright also met with Brad Winderbaum, executive producer of the animated "What If...?" series and "WandaVision" co-executive producer Mary Livanos to establish a "rule book" regarding the multiverse, its branch timelines, and nexus events. Chancellor Agard of "Entertainment Weekly" said that, while some MCU properties "have dealt with the fallout from previous entries", none have ever "attempted something so ambitious like this, in which several movies are dealing with a problem created by one thing".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The starring cast for the season includes Hiddleston as Loki, Gugu Mbatha-Raw as Ravonna Renslayer, Wunmi Mosaku as Hunter B-15, Eugene Cordero as Casey and later Hunter K-5E, Tara Strong voicing Miss Minutes, Owen Wilson as Mobius M. Mobius, Sophia Di Martino as Sylvie, Sasha Lane as Hunter C-20, Jack Veal as Kid Loki, DeObia Oparei as Boastful Loki, Richard E. Grant as Classic Loki, and Jonathan Majors as He Who Remains.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Hiddleston also portrays President Loki, another variant of Loki who commands an army and is at odds with Kid Loki. Hiddleston called President Loki "the worst of the bad bunch", describing him as "the least vulnerable, the most autocratic and terrifyingly ambitious character who seems to have no empathy or care for anyone else". Mbatha-Raw also portrays Rebecca Tourminet, a vice-principal at a school in Fremont, Ohio, in 2018. Learning that there were different variants of Renslayer in different times was "mind blowing" to Mbatha-Raw. Majors also voices the "mindless android" Time-Keepers, in a reference to "The Wizard of Oz" where they are the Wizard and He Who Remains is the "man behind the curtain". Majors was shown the designs of each Time-Keeper and provided various options for each voice.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: By December 2020, Jaimie Alexander was reported to be reprising her role as Sif in the series from past "Thor" films; she makes an uncredited cameo appearance in the season. Chris Hemsworth, who portrays Thor in the MCU, also has an uncredited cameo in the series providing voiceover for Throg.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Herron worked with costume designer Christine Wada to create costumes that were "an outer reflection of the inner story" and would reflect the "wear and tear" throughout the series. Loki has a multitude of costumes in the series that reflect his journey. Mobius' look in the series is meant to resemble Marvel Comics editor Mark Gruenwald, who was Marvel's "top continuity expert", as each member of the TVA in the comics is meant to be a clone of Gruenwald. Herron had initially imagined Mobius to have a scruffy look, but she and Wilson decided that it was not working. Wilson remembered a time he was on "Saturday Night Live" with silver hair and felt that would be an interesting direction to take the character; that ended up being part of the character's look. Di Martino noted Sylvie's "slightly disheveled" costume and broken horn headband were meant to help reflect the life she has had, with the costume and headband being similar to the Lady Loki design that appears in the "" comic series. Wada added concealed zippers to Di Martino's costume to allow her to breastfeed on set since Di Martino began work on the season four months after giving birth.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: For the design for the TVA, Herron pulled visual inspiration from the films "Metropolis" (1927), "Blade Runner" (1982), and "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (2005), and the Brutalist architecture of southeast London to mix with the "midwest style" of the series "Mad Men". She also looked to the "retro-futuristic" visuals of "Brazil" (1985). From the comics, Herron was drawn to "these amazing images of desks going on into infinity" to incorporate into the TVA design. Production designer Kasra Farahani had similar inclinations as Herron for the design of the TVA, separately feeling "Brazil" would be a good inspiration since that film is "like this big bureaucracy crushing the individual". As with the Brutalist architecture Herron was drawn to, Farahani also looked to Soviet-influenced Eastern European midcentury modernism as well as American midcentury modernism for "the skinning, the palette, and the whimsical patterns" inside the TVA. Some parts of the TVA are constructed from the same stone that makes up the Citadel at the End of Time. The goal for Farahani was to create a space that "you can't tell immediately if this is a warm and friendly place or if it's a place that wants to destroy you".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The TVA includes "elaborate ceilings", with Farahani working alongside cinematographer Autumn Durald Arkapaw to incorporate lighting into them; when Arkapaw shot from a low angle, it produced "beautiful graphic frames with dynamic shapes in almost every background". Farahani described the technology of the TVA as if "analog technology never stopped and digital technology never happened", with the analog technology getting "more and more sophisticated"; this helped with the anachronistic feel of the organization. The various screens in the TVA do not feature color, instead having a monochromatic, 8-bit digitized look. Much of the technology was custom built from old televisions and computers that were combined with "disparate, other random pieces of tech", while the TemPads were inspired by calculator watches and their interfaces inspired by the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Game Boy Camera. The world outside the TVA offices is depicted as an infinite city with inspiration from "Metropolis" and imagery of infinite spaces from the comic books, which Herron wanted to have a "level of unreality to it in some ways ... [because] it isn't on a planet and there isn't a sun". The majority of the season's locations and sets were 360 degree-builds on sound stages or a backlot, which gave Farahani greater control over the details and other aspects of the sets.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The series' main-on-end title sequence design was designed by Perception, and was inspired by the credits sequence of "Seven". "Loki" was not originally intended to have a title sequence, but Herron enjoyed composer Natalie Holt's TVA theme so much, she decided a title sequence should be created around it.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Filming began on February 10, 2020, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Atlanta, Georgia, with Herron directing, and Autumn Durald Arkapaw serving as cinematographer. The first season was filmed under the working title "Architect". This was chosen as a reference to the Architect in "The Matrix Reloaded" (2003) and to serve as "[a] warning not to repeat what was done before us" since much of the season is expositional conversation and they did not want it to become the conversation between Neo and the Architect in "Reloaded". Herron had a strong desire for "Loki" to be a love letter to science fiction films such as "Brazil", "Metropolis", "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy", and "Alien" (1979). She also took visual inspiration from the series "Teletubbies", and the noir quality of "Blade Runner". Arkapaw also drew inspiration from "Blade Runner" as well as "Zodiac" and "Klute" (1971). She used framing and lighting, "very 70s" filmmaking techniques, to help with the storytelling and was thoughtful on "how characters are moving through space", as well as haze. Herron pointed to "Jurassic Park" (1993) as an example of the "big sci-fi with heart" tone that the series was aiming for.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The season was shot on Sony Venice digital cameras with Panavision T-series anamorphic lenses. Arkapaw expanded and de-tuned these lenses to adjust their flare quality, fall off, and focal length. Location shooting took place in the Atlanta metropolitan area throughout the month of February. On March 14, filming for the series was halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Production resumed at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in September, and wrapped on December 5, 2020. The Atlanta Marriott Marquis portrayed the archives at the Time Variance Authority. On the TVA processing set, Arkapaw used working frosted incandescent ceiling lights as the set's key lights. Other Georgia locations used for filming included a quarry in northern Georgia that became the Lamentis-1 mining town and a vacant discount store that became the futuristic superstore, Roxxcart. Industrial Light & Magic's StageCraft technology was not considered for the series, with Farahani stating it was not "creatively super-relevant" for what was desired.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Herron began editing what had already been filmed during the production shutdown, which helped inform her, Martin, and Wright on what needed to be reworked or added once filming resumed to fit the series' intended tone. One of these aspects was Loki and Sylvie's relationship. Paul Zucker, Calum Ross, and Emma McCleave serve as editors. The series was completed on June 20, 2021. Visual effects were provided by Cantina Creative, Crafty Apes, Digital Domain, FuseFX, Industrial Light & Magic, Luma Pictures, Method Studios, Rise, Rodeo FX, and Trixter. The TVA's time doors were inspired by the shield practice scene from "Dune" (1984), with 150 versions of how the doors appeared created to test which would work the best.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Natalie Holt began working on a "suite of themes" for Loki, Mobius, the TVA, and Sylvie in August 2020, starting with music for the final episode and working backwards to the first episode, which helped create a "blueprint" for her score that had an "overarching narrative". Herron used these samples of music to help "shape the tone" and emotions of the series. Holt and Herron were both drawn to using the theremin for the series' music, with Holt believing the instrument's "character" was suited for the series and the score. Charlie Draper served as the theremin player on the score, assisting Holt with converting the score to the instrument's lower bass range. Holt's score combines the theremin with an orchestra (performed by the Budapest Film Orchestra), analog synthesizers, clock sounds, and Scandinavian folk instruments, much of which was created and contributed remotely while Holt worked in her studio in London. The scores for the final two episodes also feature a 32-person choir. Herron said Holt's music for "Loki" was "operatic and bold", as well as "very layered and electronic with a dark, strange energy" that was a good fit for the character.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Likening Loki to a Machiavellian character, Holt wanted his theme to have "gravitas and classical weight" in addition to a "space-age sound". She cited Wendy Carlos's Moog synthesizer sounds in "A Clockwork Orange" (1971) as an influence, since Holt saw similarities between Loki and that film's protagonist Alex. Holt also wanted to "juxtapose" and "interplay" Loki's theme with the TVA theme. Clock sounds were included since the concept of time was central to the series, and they appear in the TVA theme which Holt wanted to be "grand, almost like a religious experience" with "these huge swells of cords" and "ornaments and grand gestures", taking inspiration from "Ride of the Valkyries" by Richard Wagner. The theme has a "slightly grainy, faded [and] vintage-y sci-fi sound" to reflect the analog nature of the TVA, with Holt creating a "low-fi demo version" of the theme that was mainly synthesizers and had an analog tape sound that was kept for the opening title cards, while the full orchestral version of the theme was used for the end title sequence.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The Norwegian instruments, including the hardanger fiddle and stringed nyckelharpa, were used to represent Asgard and Loki's mother Frigga, as well as Sylvie's theme, which Holt described as "very dark, orchestral, driving, and murderous". Sylvie and Frigga's themes are connected, and Holt wanted to "feel that sense of past and sense of history and this emotional grounding" between the two. Frigga's theme was originally written on the violin, with Norwegian player Erik Rydvall aiding Holt by playing the theme on the hardanger fiddle and adding "some heart" and folk ornamentation. For Mobius, Holt listened to Bon Jovi and other 1990s rock music to create his "sound palette", while Renslayer's theme is "like a high organ" and is tied to Mobius's. Hunter B-15's theme was based in a drum rhythm, with Holt sampling her voice in various layers to create "this horrible sliding sound with this driving rhythm underneath it".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The score for the season was released digitally by Marvel Music and Hollywood Records in two volumes: music from the first three episodes was released on July 2, 2021, and music from the last three episodes was released on July 23. The first episode's end credits track "TVA" was released as a single on June 11.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Select members of Disney's marketing team were given access to scripts and information on the seson when it began filming to start crafting its marketing campaign based on its release date. Asad Ayaz, Walt Disney Studios marketing president, and his team worked closely with Feige, D'Esposito, Herron, and Waldron to determine what information would be part of the campaign, while coordinating around the efforts of previous Disney+ series that were releasing before "Loki" to give those their "fair time". A commercial for the season, "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier", and "WandaVision" was shown during Super Bowl LIV. Julia Alexander of "The Verge" said the footage "wasn't much" but offered "enough glimpses to tease fans". Haleigh Foutch at "Collider" felt of all the Super Bowl commercials, Marvel's teasers "stole the whole show" and had "a lot to get excited about".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: A trailer for the season was released during Disney Investor Day in December 2020. Writers for "Polygon" said Loki "finally feels untethered by the grounded approaches of the early "Thor" movies", and based on the content of the trailer and given the season deals with alternate realities, the season might try to "explain" certain phenomena such as Loki being D. B. Cooper or features worlds where urban legends such as the fictitious video game "Polybius" exist. John Boon writing for "Entertainment Tonight" called the trailer a "bonkers first look". "/Film"s Hoai-Tran Bui said the scenes in the trailer was "very intriguing, cryptic stuff" and was surprised to learn the season was more than "just the time-hopping series we assumed" and would deal "with mysterious conspiracies and reality-bending organizations".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: A second trailer for the series was released on April 5, 2021. Charles Pulliam-Moore of "io9" called the trailer "a large-scale, time-hopping adventure with the promise to be Disney+'s next big epic". Pulliam-Moore's colleague Jame Whitbrook said the trailer was "big on mystery" and was clearer than the first about the TVA's role in the series, but it was still unclear what Loki gained "beyond the chance to enact his own brand of chaos across an entire multiverse of timelines". "Polygon"s Austen Goslin said it appeared Loki would be visiting past memorable moments from MCU films, calling "Loki" "a sci-fi, reality-hopping, heist series". Bui felt this trailer gave a better understanding of how Loki would get involved with the TVA than the first trailer did.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: A poster for the season was revealed in May 2021, which featured Loki, Mobius M. Mobius, Ravonna Lexus Renslayer, and Hunter B-15, as well as Miss Minutes, the animated anthropomorphic orange clock that is the TVA's mascot. Commentators were drawn to Miss Minutes, thinking it would be viewers' favorite new character, with "/Film"s Chris Evangelista loving the mascot despite its weirdness and not being convinced it was a clock. Erin Brady at "Collider" thought Miss Minutes would try to "steal Baby Yoda's thunder", while Adele Ankers of "IGN" believed the mascot was a hint towards the various realities the season would explore, despite not knowing what role Miss Minutes would have in the series. Two episodes of the series "" were released on June 4, 2021, exploring Loki and the Tesseract using footage from their MCU film appearances. On July 9, a ceramic piece by João Lemos and the Viúva Lamego ceramic factory debuted in Marquês de Pombal Square in Lisbon. Crafting a campaign for a television series, rather a film's opening weekend, necessitated Ayaz and his team to be cognizant of spoilers in the lead up to "Loki"s release, while new marketing materials released post-episodes covered characters or moments revealed in the previous episode. In June 2021, "The Simpsons" short film "The Good, the Bart, and the Loki" was announced, which would release alongside "Journey into Mystery" on Disney+. The short sees Loki teaming up with Bart Simpson in a crossover that pays homage to the heroes and villains of the MCU. Hiddleston reprises his role as Loki in the short.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: In January 2021, Marvel announced their "Marvel Must Haves" program, which reveals new toys, games, books, apparel, home decor, and other merchandise related to each episode of "Loki" following an episode's release. The first merchandise was revealed on June 7, 2021, which included Funko Pops, Marvel Legends figures, pins, apparel, and accessories for the series, while General Mills and Marvel announced that they would release 3,500 specially branded boxes of Lucky Charms cereal, titled "Loki Charms", on the same day as the series' release. The "Must Haves" merchandise for the episodes started on June 11 and concluded on July 16. Later in the month, Hyundai Motor Company released a commercial featuring Hiddleston as Loki promoting the series and the Hyundai Tucson. The commercial was produced by Marvel alongside similar commercials for "WandaVision", "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier", and "What If...?", and was meant to tell an "in-world" story set within the narrative of the season. It received 2 million views within 24 hours of its release. With the release of each episode, Loki's appearance and costumes in Disneyland's Avengers Campus updated each week to reflect the events of the episode.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The first season debuted on Disney+ on June 9, 2021, and released weekly on Wednesdays, with the six-episode first season concluding on July 14. It is part of of the MCU. It had previously been announced to debut in May 2021, before it was shifted to June 11, 2021 for releases on Friday, and then to two days before that.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Disney CEO Bob Chapek announced that "Glorious Purpose" was the most-watched series premiere for the streaming service in its opening week. Nielsen Media Research, who measure the number of minutes watched by United States audiences on television sets, listed "Loki" as the third-most watched original series across streaming services for the week of June 7–13, with "Glorious Purpose" accumulating 731 million minutes viewed, which was more than the premieres of "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier" (495million minutes) and "WandaVision" (434million). According to Samba TV, "For All Time. Always." was viewed in 1.9 million U.S. households from July 14–18, surpassing the finales for "WandaVision" (1.4 million) and "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier" (1.7 million). In May 2022, Feige announced that "Loki" was the most-watched Marvel Studios Disney+ series to date.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports a 92% approval rating with an average rating of 7.9/10, based on 330 reviews. The critical consensus reads, "A delightful diversion from the MCU as we know it, "Loki" successfully sees star Tom Hiddleston leap from beloved villain to endearing antihero—with a little help from Owen Wilson—in a series that's as off-kilter, charming, and vaguely dangerous as the demigod himself." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 74 out of 100 based on 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: For the series' first two episodes, reviewers highlighted the banter and relationship between Hiddleston's Loki and Wilson's Mobius. The various design elements of "Loki", particularly the production design from Kasra Farahani and the cinematography from Autumn Durald Arkapaw, were also praised.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: "TVLine"s Matt Webb Mitovitch gave the first two episodes a "B+". He felt Hiddleston "effortlessly slips back" into this version of Loki and explained that the banter between Hiddleston and Wilson was "a significant upgrade from what "Falcon and Winter Soldier" believed it was doing". Mitovitch concluded that once the premise has been established, "Loki" gets " fun", with each episode "building to a tantalizing, two-pronged reveal... that opens up all kinds of possibilities" for the remainder of the series. Daniel Fienberg of "The Hollywood Reporter" said in his review, "After two episodes, "Loki" is at a tipping point. Having set everything up to an exhausting degree, things could be lined up to get really entertaining – if not zany in a "Rick and Morty" way, perhaps fun in some of the timeline rupture-of-the-week ways [of] The CW's "Legends of Tomorrow"... Or "Loki" might just be a lot of Hiddleston and Wilson talking, which might still be engaging for six episodes." Nick Allen, reviewing for "RogerEbert.com", called "Loki" "an exciting and genuinely inspired addition to Marvel storytelling, one that spins off and rockets its complicated villain into original territory with the help of time travel" adding the series was "bound to be a sci-fi gem".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Reviewing the first two episodes for "Variety", Caroline Framke was more reserved on how successful the series would be, feeling the "dense" first episode had a lot of ground to cover, while the second "was far more engaging" and able to have more fun, ending on a tease of "an intriguing new direction", though she cautioned that the series may ultimately not "deviate from the usual script". Giving the episodes a "C", Ben Travers at "IndieWire" felt the series was "any movie or TV show where a criminal is enlisted by the authorities to help solve a difficult case" with little story progress made over the first two episodes, instead using "exhausting" explanations. He added, ""Loki" isn't really about Loki, so much as it's about introducing the TVA, the logistics of time travel, and how the MCU's Phase 4 timeline will end up with a "Multiverse of Madness"".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Holt's score for the series was also widely praised, with Jillian Unrau of "GameRant" stating Holt "has done an outstanding job in making the music complement the story, as well as be iconic on its own".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: In her review for the final episode of the season, Caroline Siede at "The A.V. Club" felt the series had been "both unpredictable and weirdly straightforward; bold in its game-changing moves yet inconsequential in so many of its narrative choices". Giving the season an 8 out of 10, Simon Cardy of "IGN" said compared to the previous two Marvel Studios series which were "more introspective pieces", "Loki" took viewers "to new places to meet new people; not only making for an enjoyable watch in its own right, but also providing excitement through the promise of what's to come". Cardy praised Hiddleston's performance, noting playing the 2012 version of the character "makes for a more entertaining centerpiece", as well as praising Wilson and Di Martino for their roles and chemistry with Hiddleston, and highlighting Arkapaw's cinematography. In his review of the season, "The Verge"s Andrew Webster explained that "Loki" made him "forget about the rest of the Marvel Cinematic Universe" since it was "an excellent piece of science fiction" that was the most standalone entry of the MCU to date, believing it was a good entry point to the MCU since it is "the best of what the superhero genre has to offer without all of the homework". Webster also praised the cast who all looked like they were "having a lot of fun", mentioning that "Hiddleston adds a depth to Loki that we haven't seen yet... and he has a magnetic chemistry with both Wilson and Di Martino".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Ahead of the series' release, Sam Barsanti at "The A.V. Club" noted how the potential for various alternate versions of Loki to appear in the series and continue on in the MCU was "a smart way to maintain Loki's presence in the MCU without worrying about keeping Hiddleston under contract or having to continue explaining that Loki—even though he's played by Hiddleston—is not the same Loki that got killed by Thanos", and would follow suit with "WandaVision" and "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier" both revealing new incarnations of existing heroes. Barsanti was excited by the prospect of potentially seeing Old Man Loki (rumored at the time to be played by Grant), the heroic Kid Loki (who could be another potential member of the Young Avengers team that Marvel Studios had been teasing) and in particular, Lady Loki (rumored as Di Martino's role). Since Lady Loki is "generally more of an unrepentant villain than other Lokis", it would be a way for Marvel Studios to update the Loki character and have them be a villain without "[negating] the growth that Hiddleston's Loki went through". Writing for "The Verge", Chaim Gartenberg believed heading into the series that "Loki" felt like "a capital-S Spinoff" more so than "WandaVision" and "The Falcon and the Winter Soldier", both of which served as lead ins to feature films. As such, being somewhat more disconnected could allow Marvel the opportunity to "make a more standalone series that can actually be a good TV show", believing like in the comics, standalone stories sometimes produce the better stories than "the 1,000-issue epics".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: After the first episode, Richard Newby at "The Hollywood Reporter" believed the series was promising a "grand expansion" of MCU lore that would "supersede anything Marvel Studios has ever attempted with a single [MCU] entry" stating "Loki" felt "cosmically big, yet at the same time, [still] deeply personal". Particular lore items Newby was keen to keep an eye on were Nexus Points, that could have connections to "WandaVision", and how those could lead to the creations of multiverses, and the multiversal war, which could be a reference to a future "Secret Wars"-type event that would "rewrite reality" and "make the quest for the Infinity Stones seem small in comparison".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Ben Child of "The Guardian" criticized Loki's return as part of a pattern of MCU characters making appearances after their onscreen deaths, citing characters' returns from the Blip, the return of Natasha Romanoff in the prequel "Black Widow", and the appearance of versions of Vision in "WandaVision", saying it "spoil[s] the gorgeous pathos of all those death scenes" and that "all bets are off with future resurrection methods".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: Following "The Nexus Event", which saw the Time-Keepers revealed to be animatronics and Loki appear on a desolate world with other Loki variants after being pruned, Newby opined that the Beyonder and Battleworld could factor into the series. Adam B. Vary and Mónica Marie Zorrilla of "Variety" disagreed with Newby, pointing out that, with Marvel Studios' previous series, they did not weave "complicated, brand new characters as central figures" such as the Beyonder this late into a series. The pair did believe Kang the Conqueror could be a factor, since the character "[made] sense from the comics... [and] for the MCU" as he had stronger ties to elements of "Loki", such as a relationship with Ravonna in the comics, and would be appearing in "Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania" portrayed by Majors. A variant of Kang appears in the final episode, He Who Remains, also portrayed by Majors. Newby noted how this time the fan theories panned out, but with "an unexpected twist". Knowing Majors would also be appearing as Kang, Newby was excited by Majors's "unique chance... to play different versions of one character, each potentially more frightening than the last". David Opie of "Digital Spy" criticized the introduction of He Who Remains, saying it "came completely out of nowhere" for non-comics readers, despite conceding that the speculation surrounding the character's appearance was correct.


title: Loki (season 1)

text: By April 2022, Marvel Studios and Disney had decided to submit "Loki" in the various drama series categories for the Primetime Emmy Awards, rather than in the limited series categories. Disney had previously planned to submit the series in the limited series categories along with "Hawkeye" and "Moon Knight". Clayton Davis at "Variety" noted that the reveal of a second season in the post-credits scene of the season one finale and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences rules for entering a series in the limited series categories left the studios with "no other choice" than to submit in the drama or comedy categories, choosing the drama ones, which Davis felt was "the smarter choice".


title: Loki (season 1)

text: In February 2021, the documentary series "Marvel Studios: Assembled" was announced. The special on this series, "Assembled: The Making of Loki", goes behind the scenes of the making of the season, featuring Waldron, Herron, Hiddleston, Mbatha-Raw, Mosaku, Wilson, Di Martino, Oparei, Grant, and Majors. The special was released on Disney+ on July 21, 2021.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The City of Lakewood is the home rule municipality that is the most populous municipality in Jefferson County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 155,984 at the 2020 U.S. Census making Lakewood the fifth most populous city in Colorado and the 167th most populous city in the United States. Lying immediately west of Denver, Lakewood is a principal city of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The urban and suburban development of the community known as Lakewood was started in 1889 by Charles Welch and W.A.H. Loveland, who platted a 13-block area along Colfax Avenue west of Denver in eastern Jefferson County. Loveland, the former president of the Colorado Central Railroad, retired to the new community of Lakewood after many years of living in Golden.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Until 1969, the area known as Lakewood had no municipal government, relying instead on several water districts, several fire districts, and the government of Jefferson County. Lakewood was a community with policing provided by the Jefferson County Sheriff, several volunteer-staffed fire districts, and some neighborhoods without street lights or sidewalks. However, the community had already existed for about 80 years.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The City of Lakewood was incorporated in 1969 as Jefferson City. Soon after, an election was held and the city's name was changed to Lakewood, due to an overwhelming dislike of "Jefferson City" and the belief that it would be confused with existing communities in Colorado and Missouri. At the time of incorporation, the city population was already over 90,000.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood never had a traditional downtown area. West Colfax Avenue served the metropolitan area as U.S. Route 40 and the main route joining Denver with the Rocky Mountains. As such, Colfax from Harlan west to Kipling and beyond had mostly commercial establishments. In addition to the Jewish Consumptives' Relief Society (JCRS) for tuberculosis patients, the small, frame Methodist Church, and telephone exchange, by the 1950s grocery and drug stores, gas stations, restaurants and taverns, several motels, branch banks, a movie theater, a roller rink, a bowling alley, and used car lots emerged there. Several multiple-business "shopping centers" developed followed by much larger centers at JCRS and Westland. The Villa Italia Mall on West Alameda Avenue, 20 blocks south of Colfax, reflected the southward expansion of the Lakewood settlement and housed a larger concentration of retail space. As the mall went into decline, the Lakewood City Council developed a plan to demolish the Villa Italia Mall and replace it with a new development called Belmar.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: On December 27, 2021, a Denver gunman killed three Denver residents and two Lakewood residents before being killed by seriously wounded Lakewood Police Agent Ashley Ferris.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood is located at at an elevation of . Located at the junction of U.S. Route 6 and Colorado State Highway 121 in central Colorado, the city lies immediately west of Denver and north-northwest of Colorado Springs.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood lies in the Colorado Piedmont on the western edge of the Great Plains just east of the Front Range of the southern Rocky Mountains. Green Mountain, a mesa tall, is located in the far west-central part of the city.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The city is located in the watershed of the South Platte River, and several small tributaries of the river flow generally east through it. From north to south, these include Lakewood Gulch, Weir Gulch, Sanderson Gulch, and Bear Creek. Two tributaries of Lakewood Gulch, Dry Gulch, and McIntyre Gulch flow east through the northern part of the city. Turkey Creek, a tributary of Bear Creek, flows northeast through the far southwestern part of the city. In addition, Lena Gulch, a tributary of Clear Creek to the north, flows east then north through the extreme northwestern part of the city.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Several small lakes and reservoirs are in Lakewood. The Soda Lakes lie in the extreme southwestern part of the city. East of them lies Bear Creek Lake, a reservoir fed by Bear Creek and Turkey Creek. Clustered near each other in central Lakewood are Main Reservoir, East Reservoir, Smith Reservoir, Kendrick Lake, and Cottonwood Lake. Northeast of them lies Kountze Lake. In the northwestern part of the city, Lena Gulch both feeds and drains Maple Grove Reservoir. In the extreme southern part of the city lies Bowles Reservoir No. 1 and, just outside the city limits to the reservoir's northeast, Marston Lake.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: As a suburb of Denver, Lakewood is part of both the greater Denver metropolitan area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. It borders other communities on all sides, including Wheat Ridge to the north, Edgewater to the northeast, Denver to the east and southeast, Dakota Ridge to the south, Morrison to the southwest, and Golden, West Pleasant View, East Pleasant View, and Applewood to the northwest.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Lakewood has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: As of the 2010 census, 142,980 people, 61,986 households, and 35,882 families were residing in the city. The population density was . Its 65,758 housing units averaged 1,533.5 per square mile (591.9/km). The racial makeup of the city was 82.9% White, 3.1% Asian, 1.6% Black, 1.4% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 7.7% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos of any race were 22.0% of the population.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Of the 61,986 households, 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.1% were not families. About 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27, and the average family size was 2.92.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The distribution of the population by age was 20.8% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.2 years. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The median income for a household in the city was $52,960, and for a family was $66,947. Males had a median income of $46,907 versus $41,476 for females. The city's per capita income was $30,027. About 9.1% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood's economy is diverse, while the largest employers are the government. Companies based in Lakewood include Einstein Bros. Bagels, FirstBank, and The Integer Group.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: As of 2013, 67.3% of the population over the age of 16 was in the labor force. 0.1% were in the armed forces, and 67.3% were in the civilian labor force with 61.1% employed and 6.2% unemployed. The occupational composition of the employed civilian labor force was 38.6% in management, business, science, and arts; 25.9% in sales and office occupations; 16.9% in service occupations; 9.9% in production, transportation, and material moving; and 8.7% in natural resources, construction, and maintenance. The three industries employing the largest percentages of the working civilian labor force were educational services, health care, and social assistance (18.4%); professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services (13.8%); and retail trade (11.9%).


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The cost of living index in Lakewood, compared to a U.S. average of 100, is 107.4. As of 2013, the median home value in the city was $238,500, the median selected monthly owner cost was $1,546 for housing units with a mortgage and $442 for those without, and the median gross rent was $940.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood maintains a council-manager form of government. Citizens elect a city council consisting of the mayor, who is elected at-large, and 10 city council members, 2 from each of the city's five geographical wards. The mayor and the council members assert the policies for the operation of the city government. The current City Manager, Kathleen Hodgson, is the longest-tenured City Manager in the State of Colorado.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The current mayor is Adam Paul. The council members representing Ward 1 are Jeslin Shahrezaei and Charley Able; Sophia Mayott-Guerrero and Sharon Vincent represent Ward 2; Anita Springsteen and Rebekah Stewart represent Ward 3; Rich Olver and Barb Franks represent Ward 4; and Ward 5 is represented by Wendi Strom and Mary Janssen.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: The City of Lakewood falls into Colorado House District 26, parts of House District 24, and House District 23. Lakewood is represented in the state house by Reps. Chris Kennedy, Kerry Tipper, and Monica Duran.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Lakewood also houses Lakewood High School, Green Mountain High School, Bear Creek High School, Brady Exploration High School, Alameda International High School, and International Baccalaureate schools in Jefferson County, as well as the private Colorado Academy, and Accelerated Prep. Lakewood is also home to Colorado Christian University and Colorado School of Trades.


title: Lakewood, Colorado

text: Transportation within the city, and to other areas in the metropolitan area, is provided by RTD. RTD's Light Rail W line runs directly through Lakewood. Intercity transportation is provided by Bustang. Lakewood is along Bustang's West Line, which connects Denver to Grand Junction.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Stephin Raymond Merritt (born February 9, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the songwriter and principal singer of the bands the Magnetic Fields, the Gothic Archies, and Future Bible Heroes. He is known for his distinctive and untrained bass voice.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt created and plays principal roles in the bands the Magnetic Fields, the 6ths, the Gothic Archies and Future Bible Heroes. He briefly used the name "The Baudelaire Memorial Orchestra" as an attribution for "Scream and Run Away", a song written for Lemony Snicket's "A Series of Unfortunate Events", but further music was attributed to the Gothic Archies.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Between 1999 and 2005, he was one-third of the infrequent, live-only ensemble the Three Terrors, with "69 Love Songs"s Dudley Klute and LD Beghtol. These performances were themed around French pop music, movie themes (including the title song from "Deep Throat"), intoxication, and New York City. Kenny Mellman (of Kiki & Herb), Jon DeRosa and others performed with the Three Terrors at these sporadic gala events.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Under his own name, he recorded and released the soundtracks to the films "Eban and Charley" (2000) and "Pieces of April" (2003). The soundtrack to the Nickelodeon show "The Adventures of Pete & Pete" featured many of his songs.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: He and director Chen Shi-Zheng collaborated on three pieces of musical theatre: "The Orphan of Zhao" (2003), "Peach Blossom Fan" (2004) and "My Life as a Fairy Tale" (2005). Selected tracks from these works have been released on Nonesuch Records under the title "Showtunes".


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt wrote and sang "I'm in a Lonely Way" in a television commercial for Volvo that aired in the summer and fall of 2007. He also performed "The Wheels on the Car". He also penned the music and lyrics for a 2009 Off-Broadway stage musical adaptation of "Coraline", a novel by Neil Gaiman. In the MCC Theater production, his music was performed by a piano "orchestra" consisting of a traditional piano, a toy piano and a prepared piano.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: He produced a score for the silent film "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea" that was performed at the Castro Theatre, San Francisco on May 4, 2010, as part of the San Francisco International Film Festival.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: In 2014, he released his first book, "101 Two-Letter Words". It is a collection of brief poems, one inspired by each of the two-letter words legal in Scrabble.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt has been acclaimed for his lyrics, which have been described as "romantic", "humorous", and "literary", and he has been called an "insightful lyricist" and a "brilliant wordsmith". At other times, writers have emphasized the unhappiness of his lyrics. In September 2005, an interviewer quoted an anonymous reviewer to Bob Mould that Mould was "the most depressed man in rock." Mould's response was "He's never met Stephin Merritt, obviously."


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Unlike most singer-songwriters, Merritt rarely writes autobiographical songs and does not consider songwriting to be emotionally expressive but an exercise in craft, carried out for its own pleasure. His albums generally have a lyrical theme; for instance, "The Charm of the Highway Strip" is imitation country music. He has stated that he finds writing lyrics with constraints easier.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Critics have also praised his tunes and production, calling him a "master melody-writer" and "an arduous studio rat". Some albums also have musical themes: for instance, the Magnetic Fields album "Distortion" is feedback-rich mix of noise and pop, and it, "i", and "Realism" make a "trilogy" of records without synthesizers. In contrast, their next album, "Love at the Bottom of the Sea", used synthesizers extensively. Throughout Merritt's career, he has changed styles frequently, and uses a wide variety of instruments on his records.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt is the only child of Alix Merritt, a Tibetan Buddhist of German and Irish descent. Merritt found himself moving around a lot during his youth, including a spell at an ashram in Saratoga where he formed his first band, and has concluded that by the time he reached adulthood and settled in New York, he had lived in roughly thirty-two places in various parts of the northeast of the United States. Merritt briefly became a "military brat" after his mother was married to a US Army officer, and they were stationed in West Berlin, Germany for a short period. In 2006, Merritt moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career writing film scores, but returned to New York in 2012 after only minimal success.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Growing up, Merritt used different spellings of his name for different purposes. He used "Stephin" to sort his junk mail, and that eventually became the name he used as a musician. He attended Massachusetts high school The Cambridge School of Weston and briefly attended NYU before moving back to Boston. He has worked as an editor for "Spin Magazine" and "Time Out New York".


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Prior to 2013, he had never met his biological father, folk singer Scott Fagan, who had a brief affair with Merritt's mother. The three met at a screening of the film "AKA Doc Pomus" in 2013. Merritt's relationship with his father is described in the song "'99: Fathers in the Clouds", on the Magnetic Fields album "50 Song Memoir".


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt has struggled with epilepsy and depression since his youth, and has a hearing condition known as hyperacusis, which he believes is damage sustained from attending an Einstürzende Neubauten concert at Danceteria. Any sound heard louder than normal begins to "feedback" in his left ear at increasingly louder volumes. This has largely influenced the reserved live setup of the Magnetic Fields, which usually consists of acoustic instruments and little to no percussion. Merritt also wears earplugs during performances, and typically covers his left ear when the audience applauds. When touring the "50 Song Memoir" album live, which required a more expanded line-up and amplified sound, the band were able to address this issue by building an elaborate set around Merritt which doubles as an isolation booth.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: He was the subject of a documentary, "Strange Powers: Stephin Merritt and the Magnetic Fields", which premiered in March 2010.


title: Stephin Merritt

text: Merritt is an atheist, wears mostly brown clothing, is gay and a vegan, saying, "I ain't eaten an animal since 1983." He has said that he may be on the autism spectrum.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: Anthonette Christine Cayedito (born December 25, 1976) is a Native American girl who disappeared from her home in Gallup, New Mexico, on April 6, 1986. Although law enforcement officials believe her to be deceased, she is still officially listed as a missing person and her case remains open.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: Cayedito was born on December 25, 1976, to Penny Cayedito (1952–1999), of the Navajo Nation, and Anthony Montoya (1951–2012), a father of Italian and Hispanic descent. After her parents' separation, Anthonette and her younger sisters, Wendy and Senida were raised by their mother in Gallup, New Mexico.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: Anthonette was described as being level headed, wise beyond her years, scholastically dedicated, friendly, caring, and dependable. By the time she was six years old, she was cooking for her sisters, ironed their clothes for the week, and played a vital role in caring for them. She was known by her peers for her displayed concern for the well-being of others, particularly if they were downcast or otherwise in need. Her youngest sister later described Anthonette as having a "caregiver's heart". Her favorite color was purple, she enjoyed listening to the music of Michael Jackson and Ronnie Milsap, and she was nicknamed "Squirrel".


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: She was a fourth grade student at Lincoln Elementary School, where she was an attentive, above-average student who displayed a flair for sports and physical activities, winning the Presidential Fitness award in her fourth year. Outside of school, Cayedito also displayed strong interest in her weekly Bible studies, and was devoted to her religious faith. At the time of her disappearance, she was living with her mom and sisters at 204 Arnold Circle #9, Gallup, NM 87301.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: Cayedito disappeared from her home on U.S. Route 66 in Gallup, New Mexico, in the early morning hours of April 6, 1986. That evening, Cayedito's mother, Penny, had been out with friends at a local bar, and Anthonette, along with her younger sisters Wendy and Sadie, were with a babysitter. Penny arrived home around midnight and sent the babysitter home.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: The following morning, when Penny awoke to prepare the girls for Bible school, she realized Anthonette was not in her bedroom. After inquiring with neighbors, she phoned police.


title: Disappearance of Anthonette Cayedito

text: Five years after the disappearance, Wendy - now aged 10 - gave her account of the events of the night for the first time. According to Wendy, there had been a knock on the door around 3 a.m. Both of the girls were still awake, and Anthonette answered the door. When she asked who was there, the knocker identified himself as "Uncle Joe". When she opened the door, she was grabbed by two men. kicking and screaming "Let me go! Let me go!", the men forced her into a brown van. Wendy didn't recognize the men; she didn't get a look at their faces. Wendy stated that she had not said anything at the time owing to a fear of upsetting her mother, and of not being believed.