title: Clay Morrow

text: Clay comes to Piney's cabin in the night. After discussing trust issues and differences in the cabin, Clay leaves, only to break down the door, knocking Piney off his feet. Piney begs Clay not to get Tara involved in the letters from JT. Clay shoots Piney in the chest with a shotgun, killing him. This makes Piney the 3rd member of the First 9, and the 2nd and final co-founding member of the Sons of Anarchy to be killed at the hands of Clay. Clay leaves the markings of the cartel to implicate them for the murder. Given the club's difficult circumstances, Clay calls the Irish Kings for a meeting to set a new deal that lets them survive the war against Lobo Sonora. He later learns that the One Niners have been dealing with the Sonora and the Sons plan an attack using the Niners to lure them. This fails, however, as Sonora's men were equipped with grenade launchers. Luis, Romero's right-hand man, gives Clay a cell phone with his contact to kill Tara. Jax confronts Clay when he hears from Bobby that Clay wanted Bobby, instead of Opie, as president as was the deal. Clay says it is Tara's fault that Jax changed, but Jax warns him to never insult her like that again. Gemma tells Clay that Tara will not reveal the letters to Jax for fear that Jax will get deeper into the club out of guilt. Clay promises to Gemma he won't hurt Tara, however he uses the cell phone Luis gave him, and the next morning pays the contact 25,000 dollars for the murder. After finding out that Jax and the babies are with her, Clay desperately tries to stop the hit, but is unsuccessful and Tara has her hand broken by a car door while struggling to escape. Clay meets Romeo and gets a refund, with Romeo taking the matter into his hands personally, and Clay reluctantly agrees that Tara is best dead. Gemma confronts Clay about the hit and a violent fight ensues between the two, including Gemma shooting at Clay (deliberately missing) and getting in a powerful punch and a kick against Clay, with Clay getting injured, but Clay gets the upper hand and severely beats Gemma's face. That night he decides to sleep in the clubhouse. Opie later finds out that Clay was behind the death of Piney and seeks revenge, ending up shooting Clay in the torso twice. Clay survives the shooting but is shown to be in intensive care. Later in the episode Gemma gave Jax his father's letters to Maureen Ashby. After reading the letters, and realizing Clay is responsible for the death of John Teller, Jax vows to kill Clay. Jax puts a knife up to Clay's throat and makes him step down as President and orders him to never go near his family again. Although Clay tries to explain his reasons, Jax refuses to listen and takes his President patch, thus ending Clay's reign as President of SAMCRO.


title: Clay Morrow

text: Clay is shown to have been discharged from the hospital, but requires an oxygen tank due to his lung injury. He is shown trying to make amends with Gemma, but she coldly brushes him off. He later reveals to the club he murdered Piney, but states that Piney was drunk and tried to kill him first and Opie found out and is the one who shot him. The club's rules (due to him having killed a member) means they must vote on kicking him out. When Jax questions his motives for telling the club, he denies any. His arthritis is shown to have reached the point to where he can't ride his bike at all. He later goes to his and Gemma's burglarized house and expresses concern over his safe being stolen. He then goes and visits Opie and convinces him not to walk away from the club because of him, seeing as though he's "half dead already". He later finds out where Gemma has been going from Juice. He goes to the brothel and confronts Nero, the owner and Gemma's new suitor. He then "seeks comfort" with a young prostitute to anger Gemma. Gemma then attacks the girl causing her to leave. When Nero's operation is later shut down, and he and Gemma are arrested, it's likely Clay was behind it.


title: Clay Morrow

text: The next episode "Small World" shows Clay having recovered to the point of no longer needing his oxygen tank, though he continues to wear it (either for sympathy or to keep people off-guard). He later helps Gemma take care of a dead body (Nero's half-sister) and the two seem to be on better terms. At the end of the episode, he confronts the three Nomads responsible for the Charming burglaries and the death of Sheriff Roosevelt's wife. He punches one in the face exclaiming "You weren't supposed to kill her!" This shows Clay to have been pulling the strings behind the home invasions. The next episode "Toad's Wild Ride" reveals the Nomads, (Go-Go, Greg and Frankie) made a deal with Clay to help him get back at the head of the table in exchange for a cut of Clay's share of the guns and cocaine money. The break-ins were Clay's way of turning Charming against Jax. When Unser (who has been investigating the break-ins) comes close to discovering the truth, Go-Go and Greg meet with Clay to discuss killing him, while Frankie goes underground. Clay meets with Unser in his trailer talking about the trust and friendship between them. When Go-Go and Greg break in the door, Unser shoots Go-Go with a double-barreled shotgun and Clay betrays them, shooting Greg in the head with his pistol. When Juice (who saw Go-Go and Greg going to Unser's trailer) asks Clay what is happening, Clay denies involvement. Jax and the rest of the club find out about their attack on Unser and Jax privately accuses Clay of using the Nomads to undermine his leadership. Clay states that Pope is the one who hired the Nomads, Jax claims they'll find Frankie and learn the truth. In "Ablation" Clay visits Gemma, Abel, and Thomas in the hospital after a marijuana-induced car crash. He tells Jax that a truck ran her off the road to protect her. When Jax learns about the lie, he tells Clay he understands why he lied and that Gemma is dead to his family, and he wants him to take care of her. "Andare Pascare" shows the club discovering that Frankie is hiding with a Mafia family, paying them with money stolen from Nero. They take a unanimous vote to kill him after extracting the information they need. When Clay learns from Jimmy Cacuzza the location of a Mafia safehouse where Frankie is hiding, Clay and Juice go there to kill him to keep him from outing Clay (Juice acting under the pretense of scouting it out). When Frankie barricades himself in the house and shoots at the two, Clay drives the van into the gas tank outside, blowing up the house. Just as Clay is about to kill Frankie, Jax and the others show up, having seen the explosion. However Frankie is quickly gunned down by the enraged Mafia Don for killing one of his men before he can tell them anything. Bobby later asks Clay if there's anything he wants to tell him (implying he also knows about his dealings with the Nomads). When Clay claims his conscience is clear, Bobby states "I hope you're as smart as you think you are, cause I'm sicking of burning friends". The episode ends with Gemma coming to Clay to help him with his cortisone shots.


title: Clay Morrow

text: The next episode "Crucifixed" shows Clay negotiating with Romeo and Luis for protection as once the RICO case is gone, he will no longer need Clay and will most likely kill him. Romeo suggests getting rid of Jax and putting Clay back at the head of the table. Clay disagrees to taking the deal, Romeo states "Yes you will." Later, Gemma and Clay draw closer at Clay's place, where Gemma insists they return home. They are last seen sitting on their bed talking, where Clay confesses he can't bear losing her again. Gemma kisses him passionately and they sink onto the bed. The next episode "To Thine Own Self" shows Clay learning of Otto's murder of a nurse, ending the RICO case. He is shown, for unknown reasons, trying to save Jax from Romeo and warns him to work with the cartel long enough to make the Club legitimate and leave. He refuses stating "I'm done bowing down to greedy men who have nothing to believe in". When Jax reveals a new deal to the Club, which would allow the Mayans and Triads to take over muling the cocaine and selling big guns, respectively, Clay votes yes along with everyone else. He is later shown moving legal documents given to him by the Nomads to another location, to protect himself from the Club finding this important evidence of his betrayal. The end of the episode shows Bobby going to Clay and Gemma's house to talk to him about "trying to keep you alive." It's revealed in "Darthy" that Bobby convinced Clay to confess his role in the Nomad attacks in exchange for vetoing his death: club-sanctioned assassinations (known as ""A Visit from Mr. Mayhem"") require a unanimous vote. Clay also meets with Gaylen, tells him he plans on starting his own crew to run any guns SAMCRO doesn't pick up, and asks for a plane to Belfast to wait out any immediate danger. He also gives Juice a gun that he values for all he has done for him. At the end of the episode, Clay has been voted out of the club after revealing everything. After Jax beats Clay in frustration for not being allowed to kill him, Happy removes the former Club President's SAMCRO tattoos on his back and arm by smudging them over with a needle and black tattoo ink as the rest of the club looks on.


title: Clay Morrow

text: He is shown to be ready to leave in the season finale when Roosevelt and several policemen state they found his gun (the same one he gave Juice) at a crime scene as the murder weapon that killed Damon Pope and three of his men. When he asks Gemma to vouch for him, she states he was gone with the gun and she didn't know he was going to kill anyone. He is arrested and is last seen in a prison transport van with two black men. Meanwhile, Jax has convinced Pope's lieutenants that Clay was Pope's killer; per Pope's standing order in the event of his death, they offer a $5 million reward for Clay's murder.


title: Clay Morrow

text: At the beginning of the season, Clay is being held in protective custody after his arrest for Damon Pope's murder. Clay is visited by retired US Marshall Lee Toric, the brother of the nurse Otto murdered. Toric, who had sworn revenge against the motorcycle club, tells Clay he can only remain in protective custody if he cooperates in building a case against SAMCRO. Clay initially refuses, but after being transferred to general population and realizing he is certain to be murdered in retaliation for two deaths he had nothing to do with and didn't even approve, he agrees to help Toric and is returned to protective custody. He later demands a sit-down with Gemma and Jax before he signs the deal. He meets with Gemma and seems apologetic, though Gemma suspects he has ulterior motives. He meets Jax and states that he will give Toric nothing and that he is sorry. In response to this he is shipped to Stockton, where he is attacked by three black men, but they spare him and offer him a shank. He later uses it to kill a member of a Neo-Nazi group and gets protection from the black gang. He is visited once more by Toric, who shows him the brutalized Otto. Clay slips Otto a shank and leaves. Despite threats that he will meet the same fate, Clay refuses to sign. Toric is later killed by Otto with the shank Clay gave him and Otto is killed by the guards in response.


title: Clay Morrow

text: Following the fallout between Jax and the IRA, Clay is contacted by Galen O'Shea with the opportunity to continue as the main weapon distributor for the IRA in Northern California. The IRA will arrange to have Clay escape from the prison transport on the way to his hearing and he will retreat to Belfast and build his own new crew. Clay requests a conjugal visit with Gemma so that he can have her relate this information to Jax. He pays off two guards to allow him to chat with Gemma, but when the visit is over, the guards demand to watch Clay and Gemma have sex while they masturbate. They threaten to have Clay killed and Gemma grudgingly agrees to do it. Afterwards Clay vows to kill the two guards, but Gemma tells him that SAMCRO needs him alive. When Clay's transport date is moved up, Galen enlists SAMCRO to assist in attacking his transport truck to free him; Bobby is shot during the attack and Juice kills a guard. After meeting up with the Irish, Jax kills Galen and his men. He explains the situation, stating the Club took a unanimous vote how to handle the situation. Clay, accepting of his fate, stands ready. Jax then executes Clay by shooting him in the neck and then five times in the chest while he is on the floor. Jax then arranges the bodies to make it look like Clay had a falling out with the Irish and they all died in a shootout, allowing him to finally get revenge against Clay as well as Galen.


title: Clay Morrow

text: Originally, Scott Glenn was cast in the role of Clay Morrow and the first pilot episode was filmed with him. However, series creator Kurt Sutter decided to go in a different direction with the character and re-cast Perlman in the role, and Clay's scenes were re-shot for the pilot episode that aired.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: Western Sydney International Nancy-Bird Walton Airport, also known as Western Sydney Airport or Badgerys Creek Airport, is a new international airport currently under construction within the suburb of Badgerys Creek, New South Wales, Australia. The airport is planned to have 24-hour and curfew-free operations and will supplement Kingsford Smith Airport, which has reached capacity due to a legislated curfew and flight caps. The first stage of construction on the new airport began on 24 September 2018, and the first stage is expected to be complete and open by December 2026. The site was officially designated by the Federal Government on 15 April 2014, after decades of debate on the location of another airport within Greater Sydney.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: Operating since 1919, Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport is one of the world's oldest airports. Located only 8 km from the city centre, the airport site is now hemmed in on three sides by urban growth and on the fourth side by Botany Bay. The aforementioned reasons mean that expansion of Kingsford Smith Airport is highly difficult, as to expand the field, large areas of land need to be reclaimed from the sea or gathered through evictions and suburb demolitions, both of which are extremely costly solutions. There have thus been various proposals to build a second airport for Sydney since the 1960s.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The Federal Government announced in February 1986 that Badgerys Creek had been chosen as the location for a second major airport for Sydney. The Federal Government then undertook a series of land acquisitions for the site, primarily during the period 1986 to 1991, and spent approximately 170 million. The resulting site totalled .


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: However, following the purchase, the decision was made by the Government that construction of a third runway at Sydney Airport was more appropriate, and all work on the site was halted. The runway, which was built on reclaimed land, was opened in 1994.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: Despite the expansion, concerns remained that Kingsford Smith Airport would run out of capacity by 2030, especially since the introduction of strict night flying restrictions in 1995. Planning for a second airport thus began again in earnest in 2008. A 3,200-page joined Federal/NSW study released in 2012 concluded that Badgerys Creek was "clearly the best site for a much-needed second airport for Sydney" and recommended that planning should start. On 15 April 2014, the Federal Government announced that Badgerys Creek would be the site of the Second Sydney Airport. In September 2018, construction works began at the Badgerys Creek Airport site.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: On 4 March 2019, the federal government proclaimed that the airport would be named Nancy Bird Walton International Airport in honour of the Australian aviator Nancy Bird Walton. NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian stated that the naming is an "absolutely inspiring choice" as the name for the new airport. Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison stated that "we now recognise Australia's greatest female aviation pioneer" in the naming of the airport, and members of Walton's family stated that they were "extremely excited and thrilled, and it's just a huge honour" for their mother and grandmother.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: On 10 December 2020, a light aircraft made an emergency landing on earthworks at the construction site, which was the airport's first arrival.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The airport's location is situated west of the Sydney CBD and west of Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport. The site lies south of the City of Penrith CBD and approximately north of the City of Campbelltown CBD. The Township of Luddenham is located adjacent to the airport, from the runway. It is also located within of the World Heritage-listed Blue Mountains National Park, sparking serious concerns about declared wilderness, wild rivers, amenities, World Heritage status, and the City of the Blue Mountains economy. The site is within the City of Liverpool local government area and consists of approximately of Commonwealth land that was acquired between 1986 and 1991.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The enables the development and use of an airport, known as Sydney West Airport. The Airport Plan released by the Commonwealth Government in December 2016 notes that the airport is referred to in the Act as Sydney West Airport is commonly known as Western Sydney Airport, and is officially known as Western Sydney International (Nancy Bird Walton) Airport; named in honour of Nancy Bird Walton, the youngest Australian woman to gain a pilot's licence.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The Federal Government claimed the initial construction phase is expected to generate around 4,000 jobs, and the airport development is expected to create 35,000 jobs by 2035, increasing to 60,000 jobs over time. Prime Minister Scott Morrison claimed that the airport would "create 11,000 jobs during construction" and "28,000 within its first 5 years". However, such claims were contradicted by the 2017 labour market analysis commissioned by the Government. The analysis states that the airport is predicted to directly support 3,231 jobs during construction over eight years, 13,169 from the airport combined with a business park during the first five years of operation, and 24,046 from the combined airport and business park over the following ten years.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: On 19 October 2015, the draft environmental impact statement (EIS) was released by the Abbott Government. This Statement outlined the proposed flight paths for Western Sydney Airport from the initial opening in the mid-2020s flight paths for an international expansion. The draft EIS showed incoming flights merging approximately over the Blue Mountains town of Blaxland which already lies at an altitude of . Unlike Sydney airport, no 'flight sharing' was proposed to reduce noise impacts on individual suburbs. Instead, flight paths followed a single loop turning either southwest or continuing southeast after the Blaxland merge point, then either northeast or southwest towards Badgerys Creek. The height started at above ground level over Blaxland, with the southwest path descending over the World Heritage-listed national park, declared wilderness, declared wild rivers, and Warragamba Dam, until reaching , over the township of and descending towards the airport over , , and before landing. The southeast path descended over , , , , and , reaching over then over the Twin Creeks and Sydney 'Science' Park housing estates prior to landing. Assessment of noise impacts were based solely on these flight paths.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: After an extensive community backlash and as a measure to retain her seat of Macquarie, Liberal Louise Markus and the Coalition government announced a scrapping of the Blaxland merge point. The final EIS, released on 15 September 2016, revealed that the flight paths, although remaining the same, were marked as 'indicative only'. A consistent message portrayed to the public since then is that the flight paths are unknown, will not be released, noise impacts will not be assessed nor community consultation undertaken until after construction of the airport. Markus lost her seat at that election, with a swing against her of 9.2 percent, the first time that Macquarie had not been a 'bellwether' seat.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The airport will be built in phases, with the initial construction phase building a smaller airport with a single runway. The cost of the initial development was estimated at 2.4 billion (as of 2012) and would generate 4,000 jobs. The government plans the initial phase would be complete and operational by 2025. Sydney Airport Corporation, the operator of Kingsford Smith Airport, was given the right of first refusal to build and operate any second airport in an agreement reached with the Government when Kingsford Smith Airport was sold in 2002. Sydney Airport declined the offer to build and operate the airport on 2 May 2017.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: With the designation of the site as the location of Sydney's Second Airport, announcements were made on new and upgraded transport links to the airport and surrounding areas of western Sydney. Known as the Western Sydney Infrastructure Plan, it included:


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: In April 2014, the Commonwealth Government said it had no plans to build a rail line. However, it indicated provision for a railway line would be included in the development that may include preparing tunnels under the runway as part of the runway construction and preparing the underground space for a station. It was considered likely the rail connection to the airport would consist of an extension to the South West Rail Link from Leppington. In October 2015, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull indicated that the airport would need both road and rail links to the Sydney CBD. In November 2015 a scoping study into rail investment to service Western Sydney and the Western Sydney Airport was announced. The study was jointly managed by the NSW and the Commonwealth governments. A discussion paper, released in September 2016, proposed various options that could provide a rail link to the airport:


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: The final report, released in March 2018, proposed that two lines would ultimately service the airport: a "North-South Link" from Schofields to Macarthur and an "East-West Link" from Parramatta to the "Badgerys Creek Aerotropolis", an area south of the airport. The East-West Link would likely form an extension of the already-announced Sydney Metro West. An extension of the South West Rail Link to the Badgerys Creek Aerotropolis was also proposed. Interchanging with the North-South Link or East-West Link would be required to access the airport itself.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: At the same time, the state and the federal governments announced the development of a new rail line serving the airport that would form part of the North-South Link, running south from St Marys to the airport before it continued on to the Badgerys Creek Aerotropolis. Funding for the line will be equally split between the State and the Federal governments. The report suggested that "a metro or light metro style of train would suit the North-South Link". The line, now known as Western Sydney Airport line, is scheduled to open by the airport's opening in 2026.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: New express bus routes to the airport precinct were announced in March 2018, running from Penrith, Liverpool and Campbelltown.


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: On 31 July 2018 the Commonwealth Government purchased a triangular parcel of land in , adjacent to the site of the airport. The 29.8 million land purchase was for a portion of a second runway, expected to be needed after 2050. Eleven months after the purchase, the parcel of land was valued at just $3.1 million, triggering an investigation by the Australian National Audit Office (ANAO). For the purposes of realigning The Northern Road, the NSW Government acquired an adjacent portion of the Leppington Triangle for 149,000; a land value 22 times less per hectare than that paid by the Commonwealth Government for its portion. The ANAO found serious shortcomings in the Commonwealth's acquisition processes, including that:


title: Western Sydney Airport

text: Subsequent to this, the Australian Federal Police announced that they were investigating potential corruption related to the land deal.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County () is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. With a population of 827,957 as of the 2020 census, it is the third-most populous county in Washington, after nearby King and Pierce counties, and the 75th-most populous in the United States. The county seat and largest city is Everett. The county forms part of the Seattle metropolitan area, which also includes King and Pierce counties to the south.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The county's western portion, facing Puget Sound and other inland waters of the Salish Sea, is home to the majority of its population and major cities. The eastern portion is rugged and includes portions of the Cascade Range, with few settlements along major rivers and most of it designated as part of Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest. Snohomish County is bound to the north by Skagit County, to the east by Chelan County, to the south by King County, and to the west by Kitsap and Island counties.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County was created out of Island County on January 14, 1861, and is named for the indigenous Snohomish people. It includes the Tulalip Indian Reservation, which was established by the 1855 Point Elliott Treaty, which relocated several indigenous Coast Salish groups to the reservation. The county seat was originally at the city of Snohomish until an 1897 election moved it to Everett. Since the mid-20th century, areas of Snohomish County have developed into an aerospace manufacturing center, largely due to the presence of Boeing in Everett, as well as bedroom communities for workers in Seattle.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County now has 18 incorporated cities and 2 towns with their own local governments, in addition to developed unincorporated areas. It is connected to nearby areas by roads (including Interstate 5), railways, and transit systems. The county government is led by a five-member county council and chief executive elected by voters to four-year terms.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: "Snohomish" comes from the name of the largest Native American tribe in the area when settlers arrived in the 19th century. The name is spelled as "Sdoh-doh-hohbsh" in the Lushootseed language and has a disputed meaning with unclear origins. Indian agent Dr. Charles M. Buchanan, who spent 21 years with the Tulalips, once said that he had "never met an Indian who could give a meaning to the word Snohomish". Chief William Shelton, the last hereditary tribal chief of the Snohomish tribe, claimed that it meant "lowland people", a name associated with the tribe's location on the waters of the Puget Sound; other scholars have claimed "a style of union among them", "the braves", or "Sleeping Waters".


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The name is also used for the Snohomish River, which runs through part of the county, and the City of Snohomish, the former county seat that was renamed after the formation of the county. The current spelling of the name was adopted by the Surveyor General of Washington Territory in 1857, with earlier documents and accounts using alternative spellings. John Work of the Hudson's Bay Company recorded the name "Sinnahmis" in 1824, while the Wilkes Expedition of 1841 used "Tuxpam" to describe the Snohomish River. The same river was named "Sinahomis" by Captain Henry Kellett in 1847, and was accepted by the U.S. government for several years.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County was originally inhabited by several Coast Salish groups, predominantly settled along the western coastline and near the region's rivers. The Snohomish were the largest group and occupied an area from present-day Warm Beach to Shoreline, while Stillaguamish lived in the Stillaguamish River basin. The region was first charted and named by European explorers in the late 18th century, beginning with Captain George Vancouver and his British expedition. Vancouver arrived in Puget Sound and Port Gardner Bay on June 4, 1792, landing near present-day Everett.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The Treaty of Point Elliott was signed at present-day Mukilteo on January 22, 1855, marking the cession of Coast Salish territories in the Puget Sound lowlands. The Tulalip Indian Reservation was established to house the remaining tribes, including the Snohomish, Snoqualmie, and Skykomish. Snohomish County was created out of Island County on January 14, 1861.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The territorial legislature designated Mukilteo, the area's largest settlement, as the temporary county seat in January 1861. The county government was permanently moved to Cadyville, later Snohomish, in July of that year. After the incorporation of the city of Everett in 1893, the city's leaders attempted to move the county seat from Snohomish. A countywide general election on November 6, 1894, chose to relocate the county seat to Everett, amid controversy and allegations of illegal votes. After two years of litigation between the cities of Snohomish and Everett, the county seat was officially relocated to Everett in December 1896.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Early important pioneers in the Snohomish County region included E. F. Cady of Snohomish, E. C. Ferguson of Snohomish and Isaac Cathcart.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County is part of the Puget Sound region of Western Washington, bordered to the south by King County, to the west by Puget Sound and other inland waters, to the north by Skagit County, and to the east by the Chelan County at the crest of the Cascade Range. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total square area of approximately , of which is land and , or 5.0%, is water. It is the 13th largest county in Washington by land area and is larger than the states of Delaware and Rhode Island.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The county's surface is covered by plains and rolling hills in the west, where the majority of settlements are, and mountainous terrain in the east. The Cascade Range passes through the eastern part of the county and is largely protected from development as part of the Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest. The mountain range includes the highest point in Snohomish County: Glacier Peak, at above sea level. Several major rivers originate in the Cascades and flow west towards Puget Sound and other parts of the Salish Sea, including the Stillaguamish and Snohomish (fed by the Skykomish and Snoqualmie rivers). These rivers form several valleys used for agriculture that occasionally flood during major weather events, such as atmospheric rivers.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The lowland areas of western Snohomish County generally has a temperate Mediterranean climate similar to the rest of the central Puget Sound region with dry summers and wet winters. The county's weather is heavily influenced by maritime systems, pushed by prevailing westerly winds but dampened by the Olympic Mountains. The mean monthly temperatures for the county range from during the winter and in the summer. The record highest temperatures were set during a June 2021 heat wave, with highs of up to recorded in several areas. Annual precipitation ranges from in the west to in the upper elevations of the Cascades; the majority of the region's precipitation falls between October and March. The county's lowlands also has an average annual snowfall ranging from . The Puget Sound Convergence Zone, a known meteorological phenomenon, runs through southwestern Snohomish County and causes narrow bands of precipitation.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Approximately 68 percent of land in Snohomish County is classified as forestland, which is predominantly located in the eastern portions. These forests are dominated by conifer species such as Douglas firs, hemlocks, and cedars, with pockets of deciduous species in logged areas.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: As of the 2020 census, there were 827,957 people families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 321,523 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 66.1% white, 12.3% Asian, 3.54% black or African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.6% Pacific Islander, 5.4% other races, and 10.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 11.6% of the population.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: As of the 2010 census, there were 713,335 people, 268,325 households, and 182,282 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 286,659 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 78.4% white, 8.9% Asian, 2.5% black or African American, 1.4% Indigenous, 0.4% Pacific islander, 3.8% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 9.0% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 20.3% were German, 12.6% were Irish, 12.2% were English, 8.2% were Norwegian, and 3.6% were American.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Of the 268,325 households, 35.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.1% were non-families, and 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.12. The median age was 37.1 years.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The median income for a household in the county was $66,300 and the median income for a family was $77,479. Males had a median income of $56,152 versus $41,621 for females. The per capita income for the county was $30,635. About 5.9% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: As of the 2000 census, there were 606,024 people, 224,852 households, and 157,846 families residing in the county. The population density was 290 people per square mile (112/km). There were 236,205 housing units at an average density of 113 per square mile (44/km). The racial makeup of the county was 85.6% White, 1.7% Black or African American, 1.4% Native American, 5.8% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 1.9% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. 4.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.2% were of German, 10.0% English, 8.8% Irish, 8.4% Norwegian and 6.6% United States or American ancestry.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: There were 224,852 households, out of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.13.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The median income for a household in the county was $53,060, and the median income for a family was $60,726. Males had a median income of $43,293 versus $31,386 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,417. About 4.9% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The county executive is Dave Somers, a Democrat. Somers is a former Snohomish County Councilmember and took office as county executive on January 4, 2016, having won the seat from incumbent and fellow Democrat John Lovick.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The county executive seat was chartered in the 1979. The first county executive was conservative Democrat Willis Tucker of Snohomish from 1980 to 1992. Following Tucker, the next county executive was Democrat Bob Drewel from 1992 to 2004, followed by Democrat Aaron Reardon from 2004 to 2013. Reardon resigned on May 31, 2013, amid a series of political scandals, and was replaced by former Snohomish County Sheriff and state legislator John Lovick for the remainder of his term.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County has been a reliably Democratic county in recent presidential elections (albeit to a lesser degree than neighboring King County and Seattle). It has voted Democratic all but four times since 1932, with those four occasions being national Republican landslides in which the GOP candidate won over 400 electoral votes. It has not voted for a Republican since George H. W. Bush in 1988.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County is one of the most-populous counties in the United States without a four-year, baccalaureate degree-granting institution.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Columbia College offers AA all the way up to a Master's in Business along with other Associate and bachelor's degrees. Everett Community College and Edmonds College provide academic transfer degrees, career training and basic education in Snohomish County. Together, the two serve more than 40,000 people annually. About 40 percent of all high school graduates in Snohomish County begin their college education at Edmonds or Everett community college.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Everett Community College is the legislatively appointed leader of the University Center of North Puget Sound, which offers 25 bachelor's and master's degrees through Western Washington University, Washington State University, Central Washington University, Eastern Washington University, The Evergreen State College, Hope International University, and the University of Washington Bothell.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Edmonds College and Central Washington University have worked together since 1975 to provide higher education in Snohomish County. After earning a two-year degree online or on campus from Edmonds College, students can continue their studies for a bachelor's degree from Central Washington University-Lynnwood in Snoqualmie Hall, a shared building on the Edmonds CC campus.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Residents receive much of their information from Seattle-based media, the most prominent of which include "The Seattle Times" and regional TV news stations. "The Herald" in Everett is the county's most popular daily newspaper, while weekly newspapers such as the "Snohomish County Tribune", "Everett Tribune", "Marysville Globe", and "The Monroe Monitor" serve their respective communities.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: The county is part of the Seattle broadcast television market and is served by several regional television news stations, including KOMO, KING, KIRO, KCTS, and KCPQ.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: There are also smaller local publications, with significant online presences: "The Monroe Monitor", "My Edmonds News", "Edmonds Beacon", "My Everett News", "The Mountlake Terrace News", "News of Mill Creek", "The Mukilteo Beacon", "The Snohomish County Reporter", and "The Snohomish Times".


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County has five major routes that connect the county to the other counties and other areas. There are three major north–south routes: Interstate 5, State Route 9, and State Route 99. The only complete east–west route is U.S. Route 2.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County is served by three public transit systems: Community Transit, which provides local service within the county (apart from the city of Everett) and commuter service to the Boeing Everett Factory, Downtown Seattle and the University of Washington campus; Everett Transit, a municipal system serving the city of Everett; and Sound Transit, which provides commuter rail service and express bus service connecting to regional destinations in Seattle and Bellevue. Sound Transit runs four daily Sounder commuter trains at peak hours between Everett Station and Seattle, stopping at Mukilteo and Edmonds.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Intercity rail service is provided by Amtrak, which has two lines operating within Snohomish County: "Amtrak Cascades" between Seattle and Vancouver, British Columbia, stopping in Edmonds, Everett, and Stanwood station; and the "Empire Builder" between Seattle and Chicago, Illinois, stopping in Edmonds and Everett. Intercity bus service is provided by Greyhound Lines and Northwestern Trailways from Everett Station.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Community Transit also operates a bus rapid transit service called Swift from Everett Station to the Aurora Village in Shoreline along the State Route 99 corridor, which opened in 2009; the service is anticipated to be expanded in 2018, with a new line serving the Airport Road and State Route 527 corridors, from the Boeing Everett Factory to Bothell via Mill Creek. Sound Transit is also planning to extend Link light rail service from Northgate to Lynnwood in 2024, having won voter approval for the project in 2008. An additional extension to Everett, not yet approved by voters, has been proposed as part of a regional transit package. Island Transit also operates bus links through Snohomish County from Everett and Skagit County's Mount Vernon to Camano Island because the island does not have direct road access to its county-seat island, Whidbey Island.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County has one major airport: Paine Field, otherwise known as Snohomish County Airport, which has had passenger service since March 2019.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: There are three smaller public airports that are open to general aviation: Arlington Municipal Airport in Arlington, Darrington Municipal Airport in Darrington, and Harvey Field in Snohomish. The county also has several private airports, including the Frontier Airpark and Green Valley Airfield in Granite Falls. The Martha Lake Airport in Martha Lake was a former private airport that was closed in 2000 and was converted into a county park that opened in 2010.


title: Snohomish County, Washington

text: Snohomish County is also connected to adjacent counties by two ferry routes operated by Washington State Ferries. The Edmonds–Kingston ferry carries SR 104 between Edmonds and Kingston in Kitsap County. The Mukilteo–Clinton ferry carries SR 525 from Mukilteo to Clinton on Whidbey Island.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: The arena was designed by Dan Meis, who at the time was working for architecture firm Ellerbe Becket, together with Nikken Sekkei. Meis's design was selected as a result of an international design competition. The arena features a gigantic movable section of seating which can reduce capacity for smaller events and create a more intimate setting.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: It is a favorite venue for puroresu (Japanese professional wrestling) and mixed martial arts (MMA). It has also hosted other sports events such as boxing, basketball, volleyball, tennis, ice hockey, and gymnastics. It is the only Japanese arena equipped especially for American football.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: It formerly housed the John Lennon Museum, which displayed John Lennon memorabilia and closed in 2010.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: The Saitama Super Arena hosted a special WWE Smackdown event that took place on February 5, 2005 and was later broadcast on February 10, 2005. The event is famously remembered for the "Kimono Match" that took place between Torrie Wilson and Hiroko Suzuki (a Japanese native who would later be elected to the Funabashi city council as part of a political career). Hiroko was defeated after losing her kimono, being stripped down to her bra and panties at the hands of Torrie.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: The Saitama Super Arena has hosted a major martial arts event on New Year's Eve since 2001. It was sanctioned by Pride Fighting Championships from 2003 to 2006. The 2007 edition was hosted by Yarennoka, an MMA promotion organized by the former staff members of Pride Fighting Championship. Dynamite!! 2008 featured Dream and K-1 fights. Dynamite!! 2009 featured fights by Dream, Sengoku and K-1. Dynamite!! 2010 featured Dream and K-1 fights. featured fights by Dream, K-1 and IGF. The 2012 edition featured Dream and Glory fights. Since 2015 the event is the final round of the Rizin Fighting Federation.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: On November 29, 2009, the arena hosted one of the biggest fights in Japan's history as WBC Flyweight Champion Daisuke Naito defends his title against Koki Kameda.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: The arena hosted the Japanese return of the Ultimate Fighting Championship on February 26, 2012 for UFC 144. Followed by on March 3, 2013 and on September 20, 2014 as well as on September 26, 2015.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: On November 7, 2019, Japanese bantamweight boxer Naoya Inoue defeated Nonito Donaire at the arena to claim the 2018–19 World Boxing Super Series.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: In 2000, the arena hosted two NHL ice hockey games between the Nashville Predators and the Pittsburgh Penguins.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: In 2003, NBA basketball teams Seattle SuperSonics and the Los Angeles Clippers, played two regular season games. In 2006, the arena hosted the knockout stage of the Basketball World Championship 2006. In 2019, the Houston Rockets and Toronto Raptors played two preseason games at the arena. In 2022, the arena again hosted two NBA preseason games, this time between the Golden State Warriors and Washington Wizards.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: On New Year's Eve 2018, the arena hosted the exhibition boxing match between former five-division boxing world champion Floyd Mayweather Jr. and kickboxer Tenshin Nasukawa.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: Besides sport and martial arts competition, there were held many music events, like Music Station, Hey! Hey! Hey! Music Champ, Animelo Summer Live, WIRE, or humanitary Dream Power concerts organized by Yoko Ono. Many notable Japanese music acts performed at the arena, alphabetically: Ado, AKB48, Namie Amuro, B'z, Babymetal, Berryz Kobo, Bump of Chicken, Minori Chihara, fripSide, Masaharu Fukuyama, Gackt, The Gazette, Glay, Ayumi Hamasaki, Tomoyasu Hotei, Janne Da Arc, Kamen Joshi, Mai Kuraki, L'Arc-en-Ciel, Luna Sea, Man with a Mission, Nana Mizuki, Momoiro Clover Z, Morning Musume, Mr. Children, Nightmare, Kana Nishino, Nogizaka46, One Ok Rock, Pierrot, Radwimps, Maaya Sakamoto, Scandal, Ringo Sheena, Siam Shade, Sid, Sound Horizon, Spyair, Hikaru Utada, Vamps Aimer.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: Some anime projects like "Uta no Prince-sama", "Love Live!", "K-On!", "The Idolmaster", and "Touken Ranbu" have featured live performances at the arena.


title: Saitama Super Arena

text: International artists also performed there, like The Black Eyed Peas, Mariah Carey, Madonna, Janet Jackson, Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey, Guns N' Roses, Beyoncé, Linkin Park, Ariana Grande, Coldplay, Lady Gaga, Avril Lavigne, Backstreet Boys, Muse, DragonForce, Metallica, Radiohead, AC/DC, Jeff Mills, Taylor Swift, U2, Iron Maiden, One Direction, Katy Perry, and K-pop acts BoA, TVXQ, Super Junior, BTS, SS501, Girls' Generation, Kara, Apink, Big Bang, 2PM, F.T. Island, 2NE1, Shinee, CNBLUE, Seventeen, Kim Jae-joong, Exo, Twice, NCT 127 and Iz*One. Queen + Paul Rodgers performed there and the concerts were depicted in the concert DVD "Super Live in Japan". Green Day taped the show for their new live album titled "Awesome as Fuck". The Coverdale's band Whitesnake during the Loud Park Festival recorded their performance for a live album "Made in Japan". The Festival has also had other internationally renowned rock and metal bands like Scorpions, Amorphis, Nightwish, Exodus and Slayer. Due to his particular brand of Electronic Metal, Venezuelan DJ Zardonic played a guest set at the Big Rock Stage, making it the first time in history that an Electronic Producer performs at the festival.


title: Tfue

text: Turner Tenney (born January 2, 1998), better known as Tfue, is an American streamer and esports player, best known for playing "Fortnite".


title: Tfue

text: Tenney previously streamed games such as "Call of Duty", "Destiny" and "H1Z1", but he transitioned to "Fortnite Battle Royale" as it was quickly gaining popularity. Tfue later joined FaZe Clan, a professional esports organization.


title: Tfue

text: In May 2018, Tenney was banned from Twitch for 30 days, after allegedly using a racial slur on one of his streams. Twitch reversed the ban after reviewing the word wasn't used in a racial manner.


title: Tfue

text: On July 2, 2018, Tenney received a permanent account ban on his Epic Games accounts because he was hacking in Fortnite, which is prohibited by Epic Games' terms and conditions. A week later, Tenney was banned from Twitch again, this time for 14 days, for unknown reasons.


title: Tfue

text: On May 20, 2019, Tenney filed a lawsuit against the FaZe Clan, claiming that they "pressured Tenney to live in one of their homes in Los Angeles, pressured him into underage drinking and illegal gambling. FaZe also continuously pressured and encouraged him to engage in dangerous stunts." Tenney also claimed, that "he only got 20% from any branded videos that are published on Twitch, YouTube or social media and half of his revenue from touring and appearances." FaZe Clan responded on Twitter, saying that they didn't take any money from his tournament winnings, Twitch and YouTube revenue or his social media. They also said that they "took $60,000 from his branded videos" and offered Tenney "an improved contract multiple times, with 100% of the money going to Tenney, but he rejected or ignored all of them."


title: Tfue

text: On August 1, 2019, FaZe Clan filed a federal lawsuit in New York, suing Tenney, claiming that he violated his contract by disparaging the company and trying to form a rival esports organization. The organization also claims that Tenney allegedly directly leaked confidential information about his contract to media publications, violating their terms.


title: Tfue

text: On September 2, 2019, Tenney again appeared to allegedly use a racial slur while streaming. However, Twitch did not take action this time.


title: Tfue

text: Tenney is from Indian Rocks Beach, Florida. He went to middle school for a week, but thought that "[...] it sucked [there] [...]" which is why "[...] [he] never really went to school [...]" after that and was homeschooled.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" is the debut single by American singer-songwriter Charlie Puth, featuring singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor, from his third EP "Some Type of Love" (2015). It was later included on his debut studio album "Nine Track Mind" (2016). Puth co-wrote it with Julie Frost, Jacob Luttrell and Nick Seeley, and produced it. Artist Partner Group released it as a single on February 10, 2015. The doo-wop and soul song is named after singer Marvin Gaye, whose name is used as a verb in the lyrics.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" received negative reviews from music critics, who were critical of its titular line but some appreciated Trainor's appearance. The song topped charts in France, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Scotland and the United Kingdom. Marc Klasfeld directed its music video, which was released on April 1, 2015. "Marvin Gaye" has been performed at "The Today Show" and the 2015 American Music Awards. Both the music video and latter performance end with the duo kissing. The song appears on the set list for Trainor's MTrain Tour (2015) and Puth's Voicenotes Tour (2018).


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Charlie Puth began his music career on YouTube and later signed with Ellen DeGeneres' record label eleveneleven. He wrote "Marvin Gaye" with Julie Frost, Jacob Luttrell and Nick Seeley, and came up with its drum beat by "tapping [his] foot and clapping along" while sitting at a cafe in Cahuenga Boulevard. Puth then ended up meeting Meghan Trainor at a party, where the two exchanged music. Upon hearing the song, Trainor thought it should be a duet and asked to sing on it. Puth recalled that she knew the whole song in a day, and they recorded it in one take. The duo announced the collaboration in a January 2015 YouTube video, where Trainor said that it is "amazing" and noted that it would be her first release she did not write. The track led to Puth appearing in Trainor's music video for her single "Dear Future Husband", and later serving as an opening act on her second headlining concert tour MTrain Tour (2015).


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Artist Partner Group released "Marvin Gaye" as the lead single from Puth's third EP, "Some Type of Love" (2015), on February 10, 2015. Warner Music Group serviced the song to contemporary hit radio in Italy on July 10, 2015, and Artist Partner the United Kingdom on July 20. A Remix EP to promote it was released on August 28, 2015, featuring remixes of it by DJ Kue, Cahill, Boehm and 10K Islands. Atlantic Records released a CD single for "Marvin Gaye" on September 18, 2015, with an alternate version of it by Puth featuring Wale as its B-side. The song was also included on Puth's debut studio album, "Nine Track Mind" (2016), and the Wale version and Boehm remix appeared on a Japanese edition of it.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" draws inspiration from Motown, and has a retro sound reminiscent of Trainor's debut major-label studio album "Title" (2015). The doo-wop song includes lyrical references to several soul classics, and uses soul singer Marvin Gaye's name as a lyric and titular verb. It has a "bass-booming" breakdown during Trainor's verse, and its modernized throwback soul sound drew comparisons to her song "All About That Bass" (2014). Puth described the breakdown as "this trap thing with this hard-ass distorted 808", which was his attempt to contemporize "what Motown soul would sound like in 2015". "Pitchfork"s Jia Tolentino commented that "Marvin Gaye" proves that Puth "lives for retro flourishes: doo-wop rhythms, sock-hop melodies, finger snaps [and] arpeggiated singalong piano".


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Puth described "Marvin Gaye" as "a musical icebreaker" that he wrote to help "any guy who wants to go up to a girl at a bar", noting that it would be hard to "not have a conversation" about the song if it came on the radio. He named Gaye as an influence on the song's lyrics which he wrote to evoke a "feeling that would reach everybody", and further elaborated that: Since I'm kind of a shy person, I can't just walk up to girls and be like, "Yo, let me get your number!" That's where the song comes in as a musical icebreaker. If you hear it on the radio or at a bar, it's a way to say, "Hey! Let's Marvin Gaye and get it on".


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" received generally negative reviews from music critics. "Idolator"s Ryan Carey-Mahoney stated that it is "more mood-killer than hot and heavy" and "a big hit that never really deserved to be". The same website's Mike Wass described the song as a "smooth anthem tune" with a "catchy" chorus, and called it a "natural fit" for Trainor. Elias Leight of "Billboard" gave it a rating of two out of five stars, and wrote that though Trainor "lends Puth some of her doo-wop swagger", it "seems more academic exercise than an attempt at seduction". Writing for "Stereogum", Chris DeVille stated that the lyric "Let's Marvin Gaye and get it on" instantly "disqualifies ['Marvin Gaye'] from praise" and the gimmick is "too egregious and in-your-face" to appreciate the smart composition, but called it "musically sharp". "Entertainment Weekly"s Madison Vain called the song "inescapable and irritating".


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Michael Cragg of "The Observer" referred to "Marvin Gaye" as "inordinately embarrassing", stating that it sees Puth cast himself as Trainor's male version. Writing for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote that the song "suggested neither singer ever heard Gaye nor Motown but were inordinately fond of "Glee"", and included it as an example of collaborations where Puth acts as "the second banana, happily ceding the spotlight to another act who bowls him over with charisma". "Spin"s Jason Gubbels stated that it is "a low-heat ode to high-heat passion, about as edgy as a Broadway revival cast recording and featuring one of the more dubious name-verbing exercises in contemporary pop" since Beyoncé's "Partition" (2013).


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" made it on several year-end lists of the worst songs of 2015. "Time" included the song, calling the first line of its chorus so "cringe-worthy" that it made them wonder "why the Gaye estate didn't also sue these two in addition to the 'Blurred Lines' guys" for tarnishing his legacy, but called Trainor its redeeming quality. It also appeared on "Jezebel"s list, with Tolentino calling it "transposed to the ninth circle of hell" and comparing it to Christian musicals she used to attend as a child. "Gigwise" included "Marvin Gaye" on their list, with Alexandra Pollard elaborating that it is "irritatingly catchy - but it's not even catchy", and went on to say that it is an unclever and "really stupid play on words".


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" debuted at number 87 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 issued for July 4, 2015. The song climbed to its peak of number 21 on October 10, 2015. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified it 3× Platinum, which denotes three million units based on sales and track-equivalent on-demand streams. On the Canadian Hot 100, "Marvin Gaye" peaked at number 31 and was certified 3× Platinum by Music Canada.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: "Marvin Gaye" debuted at number 90 on the UK Singles Chart issued for August 7, 2015, based only on streams. Following its digital release as a single in the United Kingdom, the song vaulted to number one, becoming both artists' second number-one in the UK. The song was certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). In Australia, it reached number four and went 2× Platinum. "Marvin Gaye" peaked at number one in New Zealand and was certified Platinum. The song charted within the top 10 of national record charts, at number one in France, Ireland, Israel, Scotland, number two in Switzerland, number three in Austria, Poland, Spain, number four in Belgium (Wallonia), number five in Slovenia, number six in Italy, and number nine in Iceland. It received a 3× Platinum certification in Italy, 2× Platinum in Sweden, Platinum in Denmark, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, and Gold in Austria, Belgium, Germany.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Marc Klasfeld directed the music video for "Marvin Gaye", which was released on April 1, 2015. Puth summed up its concept by saying that he "wanted to make a video of how [he] always wanted high school to be -- a fun dance with people making out, on the floor, with whipped cream and strawberries". The video begins with bored students sleeping with their heads against walls, after which Puth shows up and starts performing the song. All of the students start making out by the chorus. Trainor joins Puth on the stage during her verse and the two sing together. The video ends with the two about to kiss.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Trainor later revealed in an interview with MTV News that she actually kissed Puth "a bunch of times", but called it "so awkward" due to the presence of 40 people at the set and Puth's parents in the green room. She uploaded a clip from behind the scenes of the video on her Instagram account, in which the singers kiss for a longer time. Puth stated that they "had to do it five times, different angles, different lighting" as people at the set kept moving lights around, but "the word 'awkward' never came to mind because Meghan's a very good kisser". Christina Garibaldi of MTV News placed it at number two on her list of the "11 Hot Music Video Kisses of 2015 That'll Make You Blush".


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Puth and Trainor performed "Marvin Gaye" at "The Today Show" on August 4, 2015. The performance began with Puth playing the song at a piano, where the latter joined him during her verse, dressed in a black skirt. They also performed it during the American Music Awards of 2015 on November 22, 2015. The performance ended with a kiss between the two, midway through which Puth grabbed Trainor's derrière and she placed her hands on his jaws. "Los Angeles Times"s Jessica Gelt wrote that it might be the most talked-about kiss at an award show since Britney Spears and Madonna kissed at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards.


title: Marvin Gaye (song)

text: Jeff Benjamin of Fuse listed it as the sixth best performance of the night, adding that the kiss "made [it] one to remember". On the other hand, "Rolling Stone" dubbed it one of the worst moments of the show, stating that the background dancers looked like "middle-school students allowed to stage a production of "Grease" without adult supervision" and calling the kiss a "forced 'moment'". Puth described the kiss as "a visual representation" of "Marvin Gaye", and stated that he wanted both to represent "a record people could put on and fall in love with each other the minute they hear it". The song was included on the setlists for the MTrain Tour as well as Puth's Voicenotes Tour (2018).


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Christine Therese O'Donnell (born August 27, 1969) is an American conservative activist in the Tea Party movement best known for her 2010 campaign for the United States Senate seat from Delaware vacated by Joe Biden.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell was born in Philadelphia and began her career as a public relations and marketing consultant in the early 1990s. After attending Fairleigh Dickinson University, O'Donnell was active in Republican organizations and campaigns. She also worked for such organizations as Enough is Enough and Concerned Women for America. Later, O'Donnell established her own consulting firm.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell ran for the U.S. Senate from the state of Delaware in 2006, 2008, and 2010. In 2006, she ran in the Republican primary for Senate, finishing third. She then ran as a write-in


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: in the general election, drawing four percent of the vote. In 2008, she was the Republican nominee, losing to incumbent Senator Joe Biden, 65% to 35%. In 2010, with strong financial support from the Tea Party movement and an endorsement from Sarah Palin, O'Donnell upset nine-term U.S. Representative and former governor Michael Castle in Delaware's Republican primary for the U.S. Senate; Castle had been favored to win the general election. O'Donnell's primary win caused an uproar among the political establishment. During the general election campaign, O'Donnell received national media attention for a campaign advertisement in which she declared that she was not a witch. She lost the 2010 general election to Democrat Chris Coons by a margin of 57% to 40%.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell was born in Philadelphia and raised in Moorestown, New Jersey. She is the fifth of the six children of Carole (Chillano) and Daniel O'Donnell. Her mother is of Italian descent and her father is of Irish descent. O'Donnell has said that at times, her father had to work three jobs to make ends meet. He worked part-time in community theatre and on local television, and did a brief stint as Bozo the Clown in the 1960s.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell graduated from Moorestown High School in 1987, where she was a member of the drama club and a student announcer. She attended Fairleigh Dickinson University (FDU) beginning in 1987, initially majoring in theater, but later changing to English literature with a concentration in communications. O'Donnell later told "The New York Times" she had three senior years of college. O'Donnell received a bachelor's degree in English literature from Fairleigh Dickinson in September 2010.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell first became involved in politics in 1991 when she worked the polls for the College Republicans. She was a youth leader for the Bush–Quayle campaign and attended the 1992 Republican National Convention. While there she began making media contacts, meeting daily with a CNN producer and giving television interviews that offered a college student's perspective on the convention. The following year, O'Donnell worked for three months in Washington, D.C. for the anti-pornography organization Enough is Enough. She then spent two years working in the communications office of the Republican National Committee (RNC) in Washington D.C. O'Donnell later became a spokesperson for the conservative Christian group Concerned Women for America.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In 1996 O'Donnell attended the Republican National Convention in San Diego, moved to Los Angeles, and founded her own advocacy organization, The Savior's Alliance for Lifting the Truth (SALT), serving as its president. SALT lobbied the U.S. Congress on moral issues and promoted Christian values, including sexual abstinence before marriage, to the college-age generation. In the 1990s, O'Donnell took a public stance against masturbation, calling it "sinful" and equating it with adultery. O'Donnell appeared on Fox News, MSNBC and C-Span as a representative of SALT. She also appeared on MTV's "Sex In The 90s", advocating sexual "purity", and was a regular guest panelist on Bill Maher's ABC show "Politically Incorrect", appearing in 22 episodes. In a 1996 discussion on CNN, O'Donnell advocated the teaching of creationism in public schools and criticized Darwin's theory of evolution on the ground that it is "merely a theory" or "a myth". She asserted that "there is just as much, if not more, evidence supporting [creationism]." In the late 1990s O'Donnell moved back to Washington, D.C., where she continued her advocacy work. In 1998 she published an article in "Cultural Dissident" entitled "The Case for Chastity". In 2003 she wrote an article, "The Women of Middle Earth," for the "Catholic Exchange".


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In February 2003 O'Donnell moved to Delaware to work for the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI), a non-profit conservative publisher of educational materials and bought a house in Wilmington. In 2004, she filed a complaint against ISI with the EEOC saying that she had been demoted due to gender discrimination. Later, on February 26, 2004, she was fired, and in 2005 she sued ISI in federal court for $6.9 million for wrongful termination, claiming gender discrimination and that her firing was retaliation for talking to the EEOC. She said ISI's actions caused her mental anguish and were a consequence of "ISI's conservative beliefs". O'Donnell dropped the suit in 2008, stating she could no longer afford an attorney.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: After leaving ISI, O'Donnell started her own media consulting and marketing company. She founded the Catholic Advocacy Network and again began making media appearances. Between the 2006 and 2008 elections, she did pro bono advocacy work opposing the disconnection of a feeding tube for a young woman who was in a persistent vegetative state.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In 2006, supporters of the anti-abortion movement asked O'Donnell if she wanted to run against Delaware Senator Tom Carper. O'Donnell ran in the Republican primary for the 2006 U.S. Senate election in Delaware.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In a 2006 interview for a campaign profile, O'Donnell told "The News Journal" that homosexuals have a psychological defect and that "no Homosexuality is an identity adopted through societal factors." During a primary debate against her Republican opponents, O'Donnell said that China could not be a friend of the U.S. because among other things, it forced women to have abortions and prohibited the reading of the Bible. She also said China was plotting to take over the United States, and that she had classified information which supported her claim.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell finished in third place in the Republican primary with 17 percent of the vote, behind winner Jan C. Ting and second-place finisher Michael D. Protack. She then ran in the general election against Ting and incumbent Senator Tom Carper as a write-in candidate, finishing with 11,127 votes, (4 percent of the total votes cast), a number that was considered remarkably large for a write-in and which gave her hope for the 2008 election.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell became the nominee of the Republican Party for the United States Senate in 2008 after defeating businessman Tim Smith at the May 3, 2008 state party convention with more than 60 percent of the GOP delegate vote.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell's candidacy was endorsed by Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour, former astronaut Buzz Aldrin, former Delaware Governor Pierre DuPont, and conservative writer and policy advocate David Horowitz. Her general election opponent was the state's longest serving Senator, Joe Biden, who was also running for Vice President on the Obama-Biden ticket. O'Donnell questioned Biden's dual campaigns, claiming that serving his constituents was not important to him and criticizing his unwillingness to participate in debates and candidate forums. Opinion polling during the race showed that O'Donnell trailed Biden by a two-to-one margin. In the general election on November 4, 2008, Biden defeated O'Donnell by 65 percent to 35 percent.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Following the 2008 election, Biden resigned his Senate seat to become Vice President of the United States, and Governor Ruth Ann Minner appointed Biden's chief of staff, Ted Kaufman, to serve out the first two years of Biden's six year Senate term. A special election would be held coincident with the 2010 general elections to choose who would fill the Senate seat for the remaining four years. In December 2008, O'Donnell announced that she would run for U.S. Senate again in 2010. O'Donnell said that her biggest mistake in her earlier campaigns was not having enough funds. In October 2009, she reiterated that she was running despite the entrance into the race of Republican Congressman and former Governor Mike Castle.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In January 2010, Democrat Beau Biden, a son of Joe Biden, indicated he would not run, and Castle became the favorite to take the seat.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: On March 10, 2010, O'Donnell officially announced her candidacy before a small group of supporters at University of Delaware's Wilmington campus. In her remarks, O'Donnell criticized reckless government spending, said that Castle was the most liberal Republican in the House, and predicted that the Tea Party movement and grassroots anti-incumbent trends would be in her favor.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: When a report from "The News Journal" in March 2010 detailed her personal fiscal difficulties, O'Donnell attributed the problems to misunderstandings and errors. She also said, "I think the fact that I have struggled financially is what makes me so sympathetic." Her financial problems became a focal point of establishment Republican attacks. The chair of the state Republican Party, Tom Ross, said, "She's a candidate who runs for office that unfortunately lives off the proceeds." Several commentators said the attacks showed elements of sexism. The Delaware Republican Party sponsored last minute robocalls from former O'Donnell staff members charging that O'Donnell was "no conservative" and was financially irresponsible. O'Donnell responded by saying the attacks on her finances were an insult to Delaware voters.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In the final weeks before the primary, O'Donnell became firmly allied with the Tea Party movement which provided last minute funding to her campaign amounting to more than $250,000, according to Fox News, with the Tea Party Express saying it might spend as much as $600,000 backing O'Donnell.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Castle ignored O'Donnell's candidacy and refused to debate her, calling her dishonest. In early September a political consulting firm hired by O'Donnell released a Web video insinuating that Castle was having a homosexual affair. O'Donnell attempted to distance herself from the claim, stating that the consulting firm was no longer working for her campaign. She then appeared on Mark Levin's radio show, accusing Castle of engaging in "unmanly tactics" during the campaign and saying, "this is not a bake-off, put your man-pants on."


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: National attention brought additional scrutiny of her record, and repeated questions about the accuracy of her statements from national and local political leaders and news media including Karl Rove, the state's largest newspaper, "The News Journal", and local conservative radio host and former supporter Dan Gaffney of WGMD radio. O'Donnell's responses consisted of correcting the information, brushing it aside, or downplaying the discrepancies.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell won the September 14, 2010, primary election by six percentage points over Castle, garnering more than 30,000 votes altogether, and becoming the eighth Tea Party-backed candidate to oust a GOP establishment candidate in a 2010 primary contest. According to "The New York Times", her support largely came from the southern part of the state where Republican voters are socially conservative and against gun control.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Following O'Donnell's primary win, "Politico" published an article entitled "Meet Christine O'Donnell..." that began with the following sentence: The Republican Party's hopes for winning back the Senate rest on a perennial candidate with a sketchy employment history who has dissembled about her education, defaulted on her student loan and her mortgage, sued a former employer for mental anguish, railed against the evils of masturbation and questioned whether it would have been OK to lie to prevent Nazis from killing Jews during World War II.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: By July 2010, O'Donnell had received endorsements from the Tea Party Express, which called her a "strong voice for conservative constitutionalist principles". She was also endorsed by the Susan B. Anthony List and the Family Research Council. In the final days before the primary, she received endorsements from the National Rifle Association, U.S. Senator Jim DeMint, Sarah Palin, and conservative commentators Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, and Mark Levin.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Following her primary victory, O'Donnell urged voters to keep an open mind about the unflattering picture that was being painted of her, and suggested that media reports are not always accurate. She delivered a speech to the Values Voter Summit in Washington, D.C., on September 17, 2010, saying that anti-American elites were trying to marginalize mainstream, core conservatives.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: After winning the primary, O'Donnell began employing staffers from various states, including Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas and Virginia, and hired a Virginia public affairs firm, Shirley & Banister, that has served major conservative clients. In early October, it was noted that O'Donnell's campaign had raised more money from outside Delaware than within the state, leading to questions of whether out-of-state contributors will have more influence over the general election than Delaware residents. By September 30, O'Donnell's general election campaign had received nearly $4 million in contributions from all over the country. Those contributions continued despite an October 28 Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind poll that showed O'Donnell trailing Democrat Chris Coons 36% to 57%.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell's educational record came under media scrutiny during her general election campaign. Despite her 2006 campaign website describing her as a "graduate of Fairleigh Dickinson University," she had not been awarded her bachelor's degree in English literature until September 2010 – 17 years after leaving the school and two weeks before her 2010 Republican primary. O'Donnell's campaign originally credited the delay to financial issues (alleging that her diploma was withheld until she paid off student loans), but later reported that she had finished a final degree requirement during the summer of 2010.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Also, in a 2005 lawsuit, O'Donnell had claimed her employer broke its promise to give her time to pursue a master's degree at Princeton, forcing her to drop out of attending non-degree courses there. Journalists confirmed that O'Donnell was never officially enrolled in the university and only took non-degree courses at Princeton, as she had claimed. Other criticisms involved profiles on LinkedIn and MySpace claiming she had studied at Oxford University in England (a spokesperson for O'Donnell confirmed it was a reference to a certificate she obtained from a course at Oxford overseen by the Phoenix Institute and denies it was presented "as a course run by Oxford University") and at the Claremont Graduate University in Southern California. O'Donnell's attendance at the Claremont Institute was confirmed, but a LinkedIn profile listed her as attending the Claremont Graduate University. The MySpace page was presented as dating from 2008, but actually listed her age at 41 years old, thereby dating it from August 2010. O'Donnell responded, "I never established a LinkedIn profile or authorized anyone to do so on my behalf."


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: On September 17, 2010, comedian Bill Maher aired a clip of O'Donnell from the October 29, 1999, episode of his old show "Politically Incorrect" on his current show "Real Time with Bill Maher", in which O'Donnell said, "I dabbled into witchcraft – I never joined a coven. ... I hung around people who were doing these things... We went to a movie and then had a little midnight picnic on a satanic altar. And I didn't know it." Her admission received widespread media coverage, and O'Donnell explained that she had been referring to high school experiences.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell followed up with a TV campaign ad for the general election in which she declared, "I'm not a witch." This ad inspired many video parodies, the most famous of which was a parody by comedian Kristen Wiig on "Saturday Night Live". O'Donnell later said that the ad backfired and focused attention on her decade-old statement. Maher apologized to O'Donnell on his show in 2012 stating, "I know when I brought out the witch tape I made your life hell and I'm sorry about that. ... I gotta say, I don't agree with your ideas but it shouldn't have hung on that stupid witch thing." O'Donnell accepted the apology from Maher and blamed herself for the "I'm not a witch" advertisement.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: After the September 14, 2010 primary, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) alleged that O'Donnell made false statements on Federal Elections Commission filings and illegally used more than $20,000 of her campaign funds as "her very own personal piggy bank" by claiming campaign expenses during a time when she was not a candidate in 2009. CREW filed a complaint on September 20, 2010, with the FEC and asked the U.S. Attorney in Delaware to investigate these allegations. O'Donnell responded to the accusations, telling reporters there was "no truth to it. I personally have not misused the campaign funds" and refused to answer specific questions about her finances when asked by CNN. In December 2010, the AP reported that federal authorities had opened a criminal investigation into CREW's complaint. On July 15, 2011, the Federal US Attorney's Office announced it had closed the criminal investigation of Christine O'Donnell's campaign finances and has referred the case to the FEC for administrative enforcement. Another FEC complaint filed against the O'Donnell campaign by CREW for improper coordination of events and expenses between O'Donnell's 2010 Primary campaign and the Tea Party Express in California was subsequently dismissed by the FEC when the FEC Commissioner's vote was tied 3–3 on whether to proceed with the case, even through the FEC's own lawyers believed that there was sufficient evidence for the FEC to proceed to investigate these allegations against the O'Donnell campaign and the Tea Party Express.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell's year-end campaign financial report to the Federal Election Commission reported that her campaign returned $56,124 of campaign donations between October 2010 and December 2010, and had still retained $654,336.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In 2016, a judge ruled that O'Donnell violated federal law by using campaign funds to pay her personal rent and utility bills in 2010.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: During a debate between O'Donnell and opponent Chris Coons on October 13, 2010, O'Donnell was asked what Supreme Court cases she disagreed with. O'Donnell drew a blank and asked co-moderator Nancy Karibjanian to name one for her, which Karibjanian refused to do.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In an October 19, 2010, debate at the Widener University School of Law in Wilmington, O'Donnell challenged Coons on the topic of the separation of church and state, asking, "Where in the Constitution is separation of church and state?" After laughter from the audience, Coons responded, "The First Amendment establishes the separation and the fact that the federal government shall not establish any religion, and decisional law by the Supreme Court over many, many decades clarifies and enshrines that there is a separation of church and state that our courts and laws must respect". O'Donnell replied, "Let me just clarify. You're telling me that separation of church and state is found in the First Amendment?" Coons responded, "Government shall make no establishment of religion" (a slight misquotation of the text of the First Amendment: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion"). O'Donnell asked, "That's in the First Amendment?"


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: During the debate, O'Donnell criticized Coons for agreeing with the United States Supreme Court that teaching creationism in the public schools violates the Constitution. She also stated that Coons' belief that the theory of evolution should be taught in public schools was an example of how he believes in big government mandates and "imposing...beliefs on the local schools". O'Donnell was asked whether she supported the repeal of the Fourteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. She knew that the Seventeenth Amendment concerned the direct election of U.S. senators by popular vote and said she would not repeal it, but could not recall the other two.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In the week prior to the general election, the talk radio station WDEL reported that O'Donnell and her campaign manager had threatened to sue if it released a video of an interview she gave at the station. The campaign manager, Matt Moran, was alleged to have threatened to "crush WDEL" with a lawsuit. The O'Donnell campaign subsequently apologized, saying that the incident had been the result of a misunderstanding.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: A July 2010 hypothetical match-up poll by Rasmussen showed O'Donnell running ahead of Chris Coons by a margin of 2 points (41 to 39 percent).


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell has said she did not believe in regulating private sexual behavior. O'Donnell stated that if elected to the Senate, she would base her political actions on the Constitution rather than her personal beliefs. She specifically disavowed her 1996 anti-masturbation stance, saying "I was a pundit. I was very passionate in my 20s and wanted to share my beliefs."


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell has identified herself as a member of the "values movement", and supports government restrictions on abortion care. She opposes abortion, including in cases of rape and incest, but if the woman was otherwise going to die, she would allow family members to decide which life to save. O'Donnell opposes human embryonic stem cell research, human cloning, and research into cloning monkey embryos. In 2007 on "The O'Reilly Factor", O'Donnell expressed her moral concerns about stem cell research, and said, "American scientific companies are cross-breeding humans and animals and coming up with mice with fully functioning human brains. So they're already into this experiment."


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell has vowed that she will never vote to increase taxes. She has supported a balanced budget amendment, opposed Congressional earmarks, and supported a simplification of the tax code.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell has said that Democrats have prevented the U.S. from attaining energy independence by curtailing the drilling of oil in the Gulf of Mexico. She has supported the building of more refineries, as well as the use of Delaware's agricultural products in gasoline. She opposes cap and trade legislation.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell stated that if elected to the U.S. Senate, her first priority would be to vote to repeal the Obamacare legislation enacted by Congress in 2010. She signed the Tea Party activists' "Contract from America," which pledged to replace Obamacare with a health insurance system that is "competitive, open, and transparent free-market."


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell has favored increasing penalties for employers who hire illegal immigrants. She has supported raising the age for receiving Social Security benefits.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In reply to a 2010 question as to whether she would support Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky as the Republican leader of the Senate, O'Donnell shrugged and said, "I wouldn't not support him".


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In December 2010, O'Donnell announced the formation of a political action committee (PAC) called "ChristinePAC" to address health care and tax issues. Paperwork for the PAC was filed with the Federal Election Commission in January 2011. The filing indicated that the PAC would not be used to fund candidates for federal office. In a letter to supporters on February 8, 2011, O'Donnell stated that her PAC would allow her "to counter attack left-wing groups, fight the liberal media and support conservative candidates against the liberal-controlled GOP establishment".


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In 2011, O'Donnell published "Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again". In August 2011, O'Donnell appeared on "Piers Morgan Tonight" to promote the book, but ended the interview after Morgan questioned her about gay marriage.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In a March 2016 CNN appearance, O'Donnell spoke out against Donald Trump. O'Donnell stated that she could not tolerate Trump as a Republican presidential nominee, accused him of "inciting riots", and added that she could not understand why evangelical leaders supported him.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In October 2007 O'Donnell stopped paying the mortgage of her Wilmington house and the mortgage company obtained a judgment against her in the spring of 2008 for $90,000. The house was to be sold at a sheriff's auction in August 2008 when she sold it the month prior to her Senate campaign to an attorney who was also her boyfriend at the time.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: The day O'Donnell filed to run for Senate, her tax records were accessed by a Delaware state employee. Records of the access were destroyed according to officials of the State of Delaware. The same day, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) filed a lien in 2010 (on the day she announced her run for the open U.S. Senate seat), on the house that O'Donnell had not owned for two years, claiming that O'Donnell owed $11,744 in back taxes and penalties as a result from a formerly owned house. O'Donnell posted documents on her website showing that the lien was a mistake, as the audit was not yet complete and there was not yet any final determination of whether she owed any further taxes or not, and noted that the IRS agent handling the matter claimed he was perplexed by the agency's actions. The lien was later removed, as the IRS said it was an error caused by a computer glitch. O'Donnell believes she was politically targeted. In 2010 campaign finance reports, she listed herself as self-employed.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In November 2014, the IRS placed another lien on O'Donnell's accounts, claiming she owed $30,000 from a house transaction. O'Donnell disputed the lien, and was informed it was an error, and her account would be restored. The lien was removed, but the funds as of Christmas Day 2014 had not been returned.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Raised as a Catholic, O'Donnell found her interest in her family religion waning during her teenage years while she considered various beliefs and searched for spiritual truth. As noted above, on October 29, 1999, in an interview for "Politically Incorrect" with Bill Maher, O'Donnell stated that she had "dabbled into witchcraft".


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: Originally a political liberal who believed in abortion rights, O'Donnell has said she experienced an epiphany at age 21 when she saw graphic descriptions and pictures in medical journals of how an abortion is performed. "There's only truth and not truth," O'Donnell said she realized at that moment. "You're either very good or evil." She dropped her acting aspirations, began thinking about moral issues, and became an evangelical Christian, due to the appeal of the moral certainty she felt the movement offered. She chose to live a chaste life, began espousing sexual abstinence, and joined the College Republicans.


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In a 1998 interview, O'Donnell said: "We took the Bible and prayer out of public schools. Now we're having weekly shootings. We had the '60s sexual revolution, and now people are dying of AIDS." O'Donnell identifies as a young earth creationist, and in 2011, on the subject of evolution, she said, "You know what, evolution is a myth... Why aren't monkeys still evolving into humans?"


title: Christine O'Donnell

text: In 2010, O'Donnell stated that she was open to attending both Catholic and Protestant services. In an interview on September 4, 2011, for "Florida Daily NewsMakers with Jeff Lytle", she stated that she was a devout and practicing Catholic.


title: Baburnama

text: The Bāburnāma (; literally: ""History of Babur"" or ""Letters of Babur""; alternatively known as "Tuzk-e Babri") is the memoirs of Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muhammad Bābur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire and a great-great-great-grandson of Timur. It is written in the Chagatai language, known to Babur as "Türki" ("Turkic"), the spoken language of the Andijan-Timurids. During the reign of emperor Akbar, the work was translated into Persian, the usual literary language of the Mughal court, by a Mughal courtier, Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, in AH 998 (1589–90 CE).


title: Baburnama

text: Bābur was an educated Timurid prince and his observations and comments in his memoirs reflect an interest in nature, society, politics and economics. His vivid account of events covers not just his own life, but the history and geography of the areas he lived in as well as the people with whom he came into contact. The book covers topics as diverse as astronomy, geography, statecraft, military matters, weapons and battles, plants and animals, biographies and family chronicles, courtiers and artists, poetry, music and paintings, wine parties, historical monument tours as well as contemplations on human nature.


title: Baburnama

text: Though Babur himself does not seem to have commissioned any illustrated versions, his grandson began as soon as he was presented with the finished Persian translation in November 1589. The first of four illustrated copies made under Akbar over the following decade or so was broken up for sale in 1913. Some 70 miniatures are dispersed among various collections, with 20 in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. The three other versions, partly copied from the first, are in the National Museum, New Delhi (almost complete, dated 1597–98), British Library (143 out of an original 183 miniatures, probably early 1590s) with a miniature over two pages in the British Museum, and a copy, mostly lacking the text, with the largest portions in the State Museum of Oriental Art, Moscow (57 folios) and the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore (30 miniatures). Various other collections have isolated miniatures from these versions. Later illustrated manuscripts were also made, though not on as a grand a scale.


title: Baburnama

text: Babur is at the centre of most scenes shown. As far is known, no contemporary images of him survive, but from whatever sources they had Akbar's artists devised a fairly consistent representation of him, "with a roundish face and droopy moustache", wearing a Central Asian style of turban and a short-sleeved coat over a robe with long sleeves. Coming from a period after Akbar's workshop had developed their new style of Mughal painting, the illustrated "Baburnamas" show developments such as landscape views with recession, influenced by Western art seen at court. Generally the scenes are less crowded than in earlier miniatures of "historical" scenes.


title: Baburnama

text: According to historian Stephen Frederic Dale, Babur's Chagatai prose is highly Persianized in its sentence structure, morphology, and vocabulary, and also contains many phrases and smaller poems in Persian.


title: Baburnama

text: Bābur describes his fluctuating fortunes as a minor ruler in Central Asia – he took and lost Samarkand twice – and his move to Kabul in 1504. There is a break in all known manuscripts between 1508 and 1519. Annette Beveridge and other scholars believe that the missing part in the middle, and perhaps an account of Babur's earlier childhood, a preface and perhaps an epilogue, were written but the manuscript of those parts lost by the time of Akbar. There are various points in his highly active career, and that of his son Humayun, where parts of the original manuscript might plausibly have been lost.


title: Baburnama

text: By 1519 Bābur is established in Kabul and from there launches an invasion into north-western India. The final section of the "Bāburnāma" covers the years 1525 to 1529 and the establishment of the Mughal empire over what was by his death still a relatively small part of north-western India, which Bābur's descendants would expand and rule for three centuries.


title: Baburnama

text: The account of the decisive First Battle of Panipat in 1526 is followed by long descriptions of India, its people, fauna and flora. Various exciting incidents are recounted and illustrated: Babur jumps off his horse just in time to avoid following it into a river, and when his army has formed its boats into a circle a fish jumps into a boat to escape from a crocodile.


title: Baburnama

text: The original Chagatai language text does not seem to have existed in many copies, and those that survive are mostly partial. The copy seen in the Mughal Library in the 1620s, and presumably used to base the Persian translation on, seems to have been lost.


title: Baburnama

text: In this autobiography, Babur mentions a boy named 'Baburi' as a teenager, on which he was fascinated and lust soaked. This subtle feeling is expressed on pages 120 and 121 of "Baburnama", where he writes: -


title: Baburnama

text: (A personal episode and some verses by Babur.)'Äyisha-sultan Begum whom my father and hers, i.e. my uncle, Sl. Aḥmad Mirzā had betrothed to me, came (this year) to Khujand¹ and I took her in the month of Sha'ban. Though I was not ill-disposed towards her, yet, this being my first marriage, out of modesty and bashfulness, I used to see her once in 10, 15, or 20 days. Later on, when even my first inclination did not last, my bashfulness increased. Then my mother Khänīm used to send me, once a month or every 40 days, with driving and driving, dunnings and worry.


title: Baburnama

text: In those leisurely days, I discovered in myself a strange inclination, nay! as the verse says, 'I maddened and afflicted myself' for a boy in the camp-bazar, his very name, Bāburī, fitting in. Up till then, I had had no inclination for anyone, indeed of love and desire, either by hear-say or experience, I had not heard, I had not talked. At that time I composed Persian couplets, one or two at a time; this is one of them:


title: Baburnama

text: May none be as I, humbled and wretched and love-sick: No beloved as thou art to me, cruel and careless.


title: Baburnama

text: From time to time Bāburi used to come to my presence but out of modesty and bashfulness, I could never look straight at him; how then could I make conversation (ikhtilät) and recital (hikayat)? In my joy and agitation I could not thank him (for coming); how was it possible for me to reproach him with going away? What power had I to command the duty of service to myself? One day, during that time of desire and passion when I was going with companions along a lane and suddenly met him face to face, I got into such a state of confusion that I almost went right off. To look straight at him torments and shames, I went on. A (Persian) couplet of Muhammad Salih's came into my mind.


title: Baburnama

text: — Baburi Andijani, in Jahiruddin Muhammad Babur, Baburnama, Page 120 FARGHANA (q. Babur's first marriage.)