title: Unkle

text: In September 2006, Global Underground released "", a 4-CD box set of remixes and bonus tracks from the "Never, Never, Land" sessions, including tracks previously only available on the original DVD release of the album. It also contained remixes of a track mooted for their next album, featuring Ian Astbury of The Cult, titled "Burn My Shadow".


title: Unkle

text: "War Stories", the third album from Unkle, was released in summer 2007. The album again featured a number of guests including Josh Homme, Gavin Clark, Robert Del Naja, Ian Astbury, The Duke Spirit, Autolux and Neil Davidge. Following the release of the single "Hold My Hand", Pablo Clements (of The Psychonauts) became an Unkle member.


title: Unkle

text: In January 2008 Unkle released "More Stories", containing a mix of B-sides, remixes, unreleased "War Stories" session tracks, and music composed for the film "Odyssey in Rome". The same month, Rich File announced he was leaving Unkle after 10 years' collaboration to pursue work with his new band, We Fell to Earth.


title: Unkle

text: In March the Lazarides Gallery in London showcased "War Paint", an exhibition of artworks inspired by the recent Unkle album "War Stories", with works from Robert Del Naja, Warren du Preez, Nick Thornton Jones, Will Bankhead and Ben Drury.


title: Unkle

text: Unkle began touring the UK with Zoot Woman and Sebastian and Mr. Flash from the French electro record label Ed Banger Records. The concert, set across four acts, featured live performances from past Unkle contributors including Badly Drawn Boy, Liela Moss from The Duke Spirit, Gavin Clark and Joel Cadbury from South.


title: Unkle

text: Unkle's fourth full album titled "End Titles... Stories for Film" was released in July 2008. It includes collaborations with Chris Goss, Black Mountain, Philip Sheppard, Dave Bateman, Joel Cadbury, and James Griffith (Lake Trout). The album is described in the sleeve notes by Lavelle as "not a new album in the usual sense, but new music that has been inspired by the moving image." As such, it can be considered a companion piece both to War Stories but also to the earlier Unklesounds mix, "Edit Music for a Film".


title: Unkle

text: 14 December 2008 saw the digital release of "End Titles... Redux", an album that was released the following day in a limited pressing of 3000 CDs available from official Unkle stores. This release features seven re-interpreted tracks from the album "End Titles... Stories for Film" plus 2 never-before-released tracks, "When Once It Was" and "A Perfect Storm". The exclusive package is a 6-panel soft-pack with a 12-page booklet with images by Robert Del Naja.


title: Unkle

text: Upon the release of the single "Heavy Drug (Surrender Sounds Mix)" in August 2009, Unkle disclosed they had already begun recording their next studio album, "Where Did the Night Fall", which was released in May 2010. This also included an all-star cast of performers including: Mark Lanegan, Nick Cave, The Black Angels, Sleepy Sun, and Katrina Ford, as well as ELLE J and Gavin Clark. The album is also available as a digital download from Unkle's site.


title: Unkle

text: It was announced on 18 April 2011 that Unkle would headline the Dance Stage at the Reading and Leeds Festivals. They would be performing a world-exclusive audio-visual DJ set at the festivals, playing songs from their back catalogue alongside remixes of other artists' songs as well as Unkle's own material. They would be performing under the name Unkle Sounds.


title: Unkle

text: On 27 February 2014, the "God of Light (Original Game Soundtrack)" single was published on iTunes, with two songs from the "God of Light" game by Playmous and EON. The in-game credits list "Music composed by: UNKLE / James Lavelle / Charlie May."


title: Unkle

text: On 15 July 2016 Unkle released the single "Cowboys or Indians", which featured artists Ysée, Mink, and Elliott Power. "Pitchfork" reported Unkle would release an album that same year. In January 2017, Unkle announced the pending release of the album "The Road", which will be preceded by the single "Sick Lullaby" to be released in mid February 2017. It coincides with an exhibition at the Lazarides gallery in London.


title: Unkle

text: Unkle collaborated with Michael Kiwanuka for the track "On My Knees" for a companion album to the 2018 Netflix film "Roma" and a new mix of this track later appeared on the 2021 album "Rōnin I".


title: Ice house (building)

text: An ice house, or icehouse, is a building used to store ice throughout the year, commonly used prior to the invention of the refrigerator. Some were underground chambers, usually man-made, close to natural sources of winter ice such as freshwater lakes, but many were buildings with various types of insulation.


title: Ice house (building)

text: During the winter, ice and snow would be cut from lakes or rivers, taken into the ice house, and packed with insulation (often straw or sawdust). It would remain frozen for many months, often until the following winter, and could be used as a source of ice during the summer months. The main application of the ice was the storage of foods, but it could also be used simply to cool drinks, or in the preparation of ice-cream and sorbet desserts. During the heyday of the ice trade, a typical commercial ice house would store of ice in a and building.


title: Ice house (building)

text: A cuneiform tablet from c. 1780 BC records the construction of an icehouse by Zimri-Lim, the King of Mari, in the northern Mesopotamian town of Terqa, "which never before had any king built." In China, archaeologists have found remains of ice pits from the 7th century BC, and references suggest that these were in use before 1100 BC. Alexander the Great stored snow in pits dug for that purpose around 300 BC. In Rome, in the 3rd century AD, snow was imported from the mountains, stored in straw-covered pits, and sold from snow shops. The ice that formed in the bottom of the pits sold at a higher price than the snow on top.


title: Ice house (building)

text: By 400 BCE, Persian engineers were building yakhchāls in the desert. The structure used evaporative cooling (and diurnal heat reservoir) techniques to store ice and sometimes food. Water was often channeled from a qanat to a yakhchāl, where it freezes when the temperature was low enough.


title: Ice house (building)

text: The structure has a dome shape above ground with a subterranean storage space and uses a trench to catch what water does melt from the ice to allow it to refreeze during the cold desert nights. Many that were built centuries ago remain standing.


title: Ice house (building)

text: The ice house was introduced to Britain in the 1600s. James I commissioned the first modern ice house in 1619 in Greenwich Park and another in Hampton Court in 1625-6. The Hampton Court ice house (or snow conserve) was a brick-lined well, which was 30 feet deep (9.1 metres) and 16 feet (4.8 metres) wide. A timber building with a thatched roof covered it. In 1660 Charles II had one built in London's upper St James's Park (now Green Park).


title: Ice house (building)

text: Various types and designs of ice house exist but British ice houses were commonly brick-lined, domed structures, with most of their volume underground. Ice houses varied in design depending on the date and builder, but were usually conical or rounded at the bottom to hold melted ice. They usually had a drain to take away the melt-water. It is recorded that the idea for ice houses was brought to Britain by travellers who had seen similar arrangements in Italy, where peasants collected ice from the mountains and used it to keep food fresh inside caves. Ice houses were also known as "ice wells", "ice pits" or "ice mounds". Game larders and venison larders were sometimes marked on Ordnance Survey maps as ice houses. Bruce Walker, an expert on Scottish Vernacular buildings, has suggested that relatively numerous and usually long-ruined ice houses on country estates have led to Scotland's many legends of secret tunnels.


title: Ice house (building)

text: During the 18th century there was an increase in the construction of ice houses often at large manor houses and their estates.


title: Ice house (building)

text: Ice was often imported into the UK from Scandinavia until the 1920s, although from around 1900 the import of ice declined sharply owing to the development of factories in the UK where ice was made artificially. Usually, only large mansions had purpose-built buildings to store ice. Many examples of ice houses exist in the UK, some of which have fallen into disrepair.


title: Ice house (building)

text: Good examples of 19th-century ice houses can be found at Ashton Court, Bristol, Albrighton, Bridgnorth, Aynhoe Park, Northamptonshire, Deddington Manor, Grendon, Warwickshire, and at Christchurch Mansion, Ipswich, Suffolk, Petworth House, Sussex, Danny House, Sussex, Ayscoughfee Hall, Spalding, Rufford Abbey, Eglinton Country Park in Scotland, Parlington Hall in Yorkshire and Croxteth Hall Liverpool, Burghley House, Stamford and Moggerhanger Park, Moggerhanger, Bedfordshire. An unusual example of an ice house that was converted from a redundant brick springhead can be found in the former grounds of Norton House, Midsomer Norton, Somerset. The largest surviving ice house in the UK is the Tugnet Ice House in Spey Bay. It was built in 1830, and used to store ice for packing salmon caught in the River Spey before transportation to market in London.


title: Ice house (building)

text: During the Second World War (between 1939 and 1945) old ice houses found new uses. Although some were used to store ice and food others, because they were often underground and well-built, became air raid shelters.


title: Ice house (building)

text: In 2018, the very large Park Crescent West ice well was discovered in Park Crescent, London. It was created for Samuel Dash in the early 1780s for commercial use before the building of the John Nash crescent was begun in 1806. This ice house is deep, and wide, and is only a few metres away from the Jubilee line on the London Underground. Originally used for the storage of local ice taken from the River Thames in the winter months, it was taken over in the 1820s by the ice merchant William Leftwich, who used it for storing imported ice from the frozen lakes of Norway.


title: Ice house (building)

text: A pair of commercial ice wells has been preserved in London, beneath what is now the London Canal Museum at King's Cross. They are around 30 feet in diameter and were originally 42 feet deep. They were built in 1857 and 1863 by the Swiss entrepreneur Carlo Gatti.


title: Ice house (building)

text: In 1985, a passage was discovered beneath Ardgillan Castle in Co. Dublin, Republic of Ireland. This passage was found to be the ice house that had been known to exist on the grounds, but whose location had not been rediscovered until this date. There are other ice houses still surviving in Ireland, for example on the Woodstock Estate near Inistioge, Co. Kilkenny.


title: Ice house (building)

text: Ice houses allowed a trade in ice that was a major part of the early economy of the New England region of the United States, which saw fortunes made by people who transported ice in straw-packed ships to the southern states and throughout the Caribbean Sea. Most notable was Frederic Tudor (known as Boston's "Ice King") who formed the Tudor Ice Company in the early 19th century. In winter months, ice was chipped from a lake surface and often dragged by sled to the ice house. In summer months, icemen delivered it to residences in ice-wagons; the ice would then be stored in an icebox, which was used much like a modern refrigerator.


title: Ice house (building)

text: As home and business refrigeration became more commonplace, ice houses fell into disuse, and the home ice delivery business declined until it had virtually disappeared by the late 1960s. Smaller ice houses, often no more than a sawdust pile covered by a makeshift roof or tarpaulin, continued to be maintained for storing ice for use in local events such as fairs. Today, most ice for daily consumption is made in a home freezer, while bulk ice is manufactured, distributed and sold like other retail commodities. At least one icehouse is still operated traditionally, as a tourist attraction on New England campsite.


title: Ice house (building)

text: In Texas, former ice houses are a cultural tradition. Ice merchants diversified to sell groceries and cold beer, serving as early convenience stores and local gathering places. The widespread 7-Eleven chain of convenience stores in the U.S., first known as U-Tote'm Stores, developed from ice houses operated by ice manufacturers, like the Southland Ice Manufacturing Company, in Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio in the 1930s. Southland was not the only company in the Southern United States to develop a convenience-store corporation from an ice business. Munford Inc. of Atlanta began in the early 20th century by vending both ice and coal from mule-drawn wagons, as the Atlantic Ice and Coal Company. By the 1970s, Munford, Inc. was operating a large chain of convenience stores with the name Majik Market (the company was sold in 1988 and filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1990).


title: Ice house (building)

text: In some parts of Texas, especially from San Antonio and the Texas Hill Country down to the Mexican border, ice houses functioned as open-air bars, with the word "icehouse" becoming a colloquialism for an establishment that derives the majority of its income from the sale of cold beer. The distinction between South Texas ice houses and ice houses of other parts of the state and the South has been connected to the Catholicism of the region, a deeper-rooted Mexican culture, and the influence of German immigrants.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Luis D. Ortiz (born November 13, 1986) is a licensed real estate salesperson who worked for Douglas Elliman. Ortiz co-starred in the Bravo reality television series "Million Dollar Listing New York", alongside Fredrik Eklund and Ryan Serhant, who remained from the prior season, and has continued with Eklund and Serhant to subsequent seasons.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz was born in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. He grew up in Guaynabo with his mother, father, and twin brother, Daniel. He and his twin brother left Puerto Rico when they were 16 years old, leaving only a note to say they had gone to Florida, infuriating their mother.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: In 2006, Ortiz moved to New York City to study film direction at the New York Film Academy, where he completed the Director's Program. Upon moving to New York, Ortiz lived in a Jewish community. At the age of 19, he directed and produced "Amália", his first film, which won Best Direction in the Puerto Rico Film Festival in 2007. He came back to New York in 2008 to make a second film. Ortiz sought $15,000 from New York restaurants to fund another film and, in one night, raised $9,000. The movie was titled "The Theater of the Absurd", but he did not like it so he decided not to show it.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz began his career in real estate selling rentals. Ortiz spoke of "bait and switch" practices, saying, "we had the bait and switch. Everyone had it but I was always very honest with people when they called me. I needed to feed myself. Had [the listings] been legitimate, I would probably never have gotten any calls."


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz had previously worked at brokerages such as Synergy and Prodigy Network. Ortiz was fired by Keller Williams Realty during filming, as they felt that "Million Dollar Listing New York" was not in line with the Keller Williams’ NYC brand. Before joining New York’s largest residential real estate brokerage firm, Douglas Elliman, Ortiz was a vice president of Keller Williams NYC. On August 7, 2013, Douglas Elliman announced that Ortiz joined the firm which also employs his "Million Dollar Listing New York" reality television co-star, Fredrik Eklund. At Douglas Elliman, he started his own real estate group - Ortiz & Co.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: In July 2016, on the season finale of Season 5 of "Million Dollar Listing New York", Ortiz announced he was getting out of the real estate business in order to pursue other things. After leaving "Million Dollar Listing New York", Ortiz fell in love with his girlfriend, Nikita. After their break-up, Ortiz experienced depression and ultimately decided to return to New York City.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz announced on his 30th birthday that would be returning to real estate as a principal in property development. After returning, Ortiz began working at Douglas Elliman and joined the 8th season of "Million Dollar Listing New York".


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz was one of three New York City brokers starring in Bravo's "Million Dollar Listing New York" seasons two through five.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: The second season of "Million Dollar Listing New York" showed Ortiz presented photoshopped pictures of hardwood floors and new marble counter-tops, and stainless-steel appliances into promotional pictures of 27 Downing Street: "If I put the real photos out there, not a single person will ever come inside," he reasoned. While the photos were not actually used for the listing, he nonetheless "sent the fake photos in an email blast to top brokers." The New York Department of State, which regulates the real estate brokerage industry, investigated the listing.


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: In his blog on the "Million Dollar Listing New York" website, Ortiz said he learned from the error and never to fall short of his beliefs. Ortiz said he got overexcited and wrote, "I tried my best to get people through the door as fast as possible that I didn't give myself a chance to slow down and evaluate the situation. I have learned that sometimes slowing down is the best way to move faster."


title: Luis D. Ortiz

text: Ortiz formerly resided in Battery Park City near Goldman Sachs, where he had views of the Statue of Liberty and the Hudson River. In 2014, he moved to Abington House in the northwestern corner of Chelsea, and currently resides in a new development in midtown Manhattan.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: Theodor Seuss Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss, published over 60 children's books over the course of his long career. Though most were published under his well-known pseudonym, Dr. Seuss, he also authored over a dozen books as Theo. LeSieg and one as Rosetta Stone.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: As one of the most popular children's authors of all time, Geisel's books have topped many bestseller lists, sold over 222 million copies, and been translated into more than 15 languages. In 2000, when "Publishers Weekly" compiled their list of the best-selling children's books of all time, 16 of the top 100 hardcover books were written by Geisel, including "Green Eggs and Ham", at number 4, "The Cat in the Hat", at number 9, and "One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish", at number 13. In the years following his death in 1991, several additional books based on his sketches and notes were published, including "Hooray for Diffendoofer Day!" and "Daisy-Head Mayzie". Although they were all published under the name Dr. Seuss, only "My Many Colored Days", originally written in 1973, was entirely by Geisel.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: The bulk of Theodor Seuss Geisel's books were published under the name of Dr. Seuss. The exceptions include "Great Day for Up!", "My Book about ME", "Gerald McBoing Boing", "The Cat in the Hat Beginner Book Dictionary" (credited to the Cat himself), 13 books credited to Theo. LeSeig, "Because a Little Bug Went Ka-Choo!" and "I Am Not Going to Get Up Today!", though all were in fact illustrated and written by Geisel. Note only first edition information is given.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: The rights to the books and related media (films, TV shows, stage productions, exhibitions, digital media, licensed merchandise) and other strategic partnerships are owned by Dr. Seuss Enterprises.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: Geisel also wrote several books that were posthumously published under his most recognizable pen name, Dr. Seuss.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: Geisel also authored several books under the pen name Theo. LeSieg (Geisel spelled backward) and one book under the name Rosetta Stone. These books were written but not illustrated by Geisel.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: While Geisel was most famous for his literary works, he helped write several propaganda films, several cartoon shorts, and a feature-length film. Many of his literary works have also been adapted for the television and as feature-length films.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: This Dr. Seuss collection was a series released by Random House. They are a video version of a "book on tape". None of these productions are animated. This section does not contain duplicate entries. While "Horton Hatches The Egg", "How The Grinch Stole Christmas", "Horton Hears a Who", "The Cat in the Hat", "Green Eggs and Ham", and "Because A Little Bug Went Ka-Choo!" were adapted into full animation, they were also adapted into a non-animated production for this Dr. Seuss collection.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: On March 2, 2021, Seuss′s birthday, Dr. Seuss Enterprises, ceased publishing and licensing six Dr. Seuss books because of imagery they deemed racist and insensitive. The six books are "And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street", "If I Ran the Zoo", "McElligot's Pool", "On Beyond Zebra!", "Scrambled Eggs Super!" and "The Cat's Quizzer".


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: The controversy goes back several years. The National Education Association′s ″Read Across America Day″, moved away from Seuss's books and Seuss-themed activities in 2017, instead emphasizing works by and about people of color. Philip Nel of Kansas State University published "Was the Cat in the Hat Black?: The Hidden Racism of Children's Literature, and the Need for Diverse Books" in 2014, criticizing racial stereotypes in that and other Seuss books.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: Conservative media condemned the move, calling it an example of ″cancel culture″ and ″book banning″, and associated the decision with the Biden Administration.


title: Dr. Seuss bibliography

text: Removing the books caused a surge in sales for other works by Seuss that impacted Amazon's charts in the United States. It was reported by CTV that nine of the top ten best sellers were all books by Seuss, excluding the books that were removed. As the collectors value of the withdrawn books rose substantially, eBay also delisted the books.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Del Matthew Bigtree is an American television and film producer as well as CEO of the anti-vaccination group Informed Consent Action Network. He produced the film "", based on the discredited opinions of Andrew Wakefield and alleges an unsubstantiated connection between vaccines and autism.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Bigtree's work as a public speaker and a recent influx of funding has made Bigtree, who has no medical training, one of the most prominent voices in the anti-vaccination movement.


title: Del Bigtree

text: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bigtree propagated conspiracy theories about the origin of the virus, and urged his audience to ignore the advice of health authorities.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Bigtree grew up in Boulder, Colorado, the son of Jack Groverland, a minister at the Unity of Boulder Church. He attended the Vancouver Film School and eventually gained employment in the television industry.


title: Del Bigtree

text: He briefly worked on "Dr. Phil" and was credited as a field producer for five episodes. After a gap of two years, he served on the production team of the medical talk show "The Doctors" for which he produced 30 episodes over five years, although he has no medical training.


title: Del Bigtree

text: It was while he was working on "The Doctors" that Bigtree learned of Andrew Wakefield's opposition to the MMR vaccine and his later-discredited claims that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention hid proof of a link between vaccines and autism. Wakefield was looking for help to produce a film based on his conspiracy theories. Bigtree decided he could assist and left the show to produce, write and appear in Wakefield's film.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Bigtree produced the film "", based on the discredited views of Andrew Wakefield on an alleged connection between vaccines and autism. The film debuted in 2016 and was widely panned by critics. The epidemiologist Ian Lipkin wrote that "as a documentary it misrepresents what science knows about autism, undermines public confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccines, and attacks the integrity of legitimate scientists and public-health officials."


title: Del Bigtree

text: However, the film, its promotional bus tour, and funding from the Selz Foundation quickly established Bigtree as an activist in the American anti-vaccination movement. He has since spoken at multiple anti-vaccine events in which he repeats false information about the risks of vaccines and alleges governments are engaged in a vast conspiracy to hide the truth. His anti-vaccine advocacy has been described by medical professionals as fearmongering.


title: Del Bigtree

text: When Bigtree developed an association with Wakefield, several states, including California where Bigtree resided, had begun to consider legislation that would restrict the types of exemptions for which parents could apply to have their unvaccinated children attend schools. Bigtree strongly opposed such bills and has been criticized by the Anti-Defamation League and the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum for wearing a Star of David at an anti-vaccination event in an attempt to compare the treatment of those opposed to vaccination to the persecution of Jews. Often in collaboration with Wakefield and Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Bigtree still lobbies legislators to convince them to keep vaccination exemptions in place.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Bigtree is the chief executive of the anti-vaccination group Informed Consent Action Network (ICAN), for which he received a salary of $221,000 in 2020. Under his leadership, ICAN promotes the conspiracy theory that government officials collude with the pharmaceutical industry to cover up grievous harms from vaccines. Bigtree hosts a regular stream webcast in which he frequently repeats anti-vaccination messages. The webcast is produced by ICAN and often features Kennedy. Before it was shut down in 2020, the YouTube broadcast of "The Highwire" attracted 174,000 subscribers.


title: Del Bigtree

text: In New York State in 2019, Bigtree was a keynote speaker at several anti-vaccination events targeting the ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Brooklyn and in Rockland County during a measles epidemic fueled by low vaccination rates. Bigtree gave an anti-vaccine speech as headline speaker at a natural health product conference in Toronto in 2018, but a repeat performance was canceled in 2019 after "The Globe and Mail" started asking questions.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Like other anti-vaccination advocates, Bigtree adapted several of the more popular anti-vaccination themes to the COVID-19 pandemic, promoting distrust in expertise, misrepresenting research results and encouraging the public to let the disease run its course.


title: Del Bigtree

text: He used "The Highwire" webcast to propagate a number of conspiracy theories, such one postulating that the virus responsible had been made in a laboratory by the pharmaceutical industry. The weekly webcast quickly became a rallying point for anti-vaccination activists and conspiracy theorists early in the pandemic, according to Professor Dorit Reiss, who studies online COVID-19 disinformation. Going against the advice of health authorities, he recommended to his viewers to refuse the vaccine when it is developed and to make efforts to actually infect themselves with the virus, favoring not so much herd immunity as natural selection, with weaker humans dying like the "sick get eaten by the wolves. That's how we've thrived." He accused Anthony Fauci of leading a cabal of conspirators of wanting to vaccinate the whole world population under a false pretence.


title: Del Bigtree

text: Bigtree regularly speaks at events protesting vaccination and public health measures against the pandemic. In October 2020, he speculated to an audience of anti-vaccination activists that the new COVID vaccines may cause diabetes, lupus and other autoimmune diseases, although there is no evidence to support those claims. Bigtree spoke at the January 6, 2021, pro-Trump rally preceding the riot at the Capitol. He took this opportunity to attack federal health authorities and to contest the results of the 2020 presidential election. Other anti-vaccination activists were also present at this "Stop the Steal" rally, such as Ty and Charlene Bollinger. He was one of the main speakers at the Defeat the Mandates rally in Washington D.C. on January 23, 2022, where he said doctors and journalists should be convicted in Nuremberg-like trials.


title: Del Bigtree

text: In July 2020, YouTube closed his account and channel for violation of its community standards against pandemic misinformation, and Facebook removed selected videos from Bigtree's account. As of June 2021, Bigtree's show "The Highwire" was still being distributed on Twitter. In August 2020, Bigtree announced that his videos were now distributed on Roku media players, despite the company's prohibition against content that is found to include "false, irrelevant or misleading information". He also found a receptive audience on Rumble, a video-sharing platform that does not have misinformation policies. "The Highwire" website itself is attracting some one million visitors per month, making it one of the most popular alternative websites.


title: Metre per second squared

text: The metre per second squared is the unit of acceleration in the International System of Units (SI). As a derived unit, it is composed from the SI base units of length, the metre, and time, the second. Its symbol is written in several forms as m/s, m·s or ms, formula_1, or less commonly, as m/s/s.


title: Metre per second squared

text: As acceleration, the unit is interpreted physically as change in velocity or speed per time interval, i.e. metre per second per second and is treated as a vector quantity.


title: Metre per second squared

text: An object experiences a constant acceleration of one metre per second squared (1 m/s) from a state of rest, then it achieves the speed of 5 m/s after 5 seconds and 10 m/s after 10 seconds. The average acceleration "a" can be calculated by dividing the speed "v" (m/s) by the time "t" (s), so the average acceleration in the first example would be calculated: formula_2.


title: Metre per second squared

text: The unit of force is the newton (N), and mass has the SI unit kilogram (kg). One newton equals one kilogram metre per second squared. Therefore, the unit metre per second squared is equivalent to newton per kilogram, N·kg, or N/kg.


title: Metre per second squared

text: Thus, the Earth's gravitational field (near ground level) can be quoted as 9.8 metres per second squared, or the equivalent 9.8 N/kg.


title: Metre per second squared

text: Acceleration can be measured in ratios to gravity, such as g-force, and peak ground acceleration in earthquakes.


title: Metre per second squared

text: The "metre per second squared" symbol is encoded by Unicode at code point . This is for compatibility with East Asian encodings and not intended to be used in new documents.


title: Helter Skelter (book)

text: Helter Skelter: The True Story of The Manson Murders is a 1974 book by Vincent Bugliosi and Curt Gentry. Bugliosi had served as the prosecutor in the 1970 trial of Charles Manson. The book presents his firsthand account of the cases of Manson, Susan Atkins, Patricia Krenwinkel, and other members of the self-described Manson Family. It is the best-selling true crime book in history.


title: Helter Skelter (book)

text: The book recounts and assesses the investigation, arrest, and prosecution of Charles Manson and his followers for the notorious 1969 murders of Leno and Rosemary LaBianca, actress Sharon Tate, and several others.


title: Helter Skelter (book)

text: The book takes its title from the apocalyptic race war that Manson allegedly believed would occur, which in turn took its name from the song "Helter Skelter" by the Beatles. Manson had allegedly been particularly fascinated by the Beatles' "White Album", from which the song came.


title: Helter Skelter (book)

text: "Helter Skelter" was first published in the United States in 1974 and became a bestseller. The book won the 1975 Edgar Award for Best Fact Crime book, and was the basis for two television films, released in 1976 and 2004. At the time of Bugliosi's death in 2015, it had sold over seven million copies, making it the best-selling true crime book in history. The book was also the primary influence for the story line of the 2008 film "The Strangers".


title: Helter Skelter (book)

text: Since its initial hardcover edition, the book has had several printings as a mass market paperback. A 25th anniversary edition (since the crimes) was published in 1994 with an update added by Bugliosi. Bugliosi himself narrated the Talking Books unabridged audiobook at the time of the book's original release, and read an abridged version of his update for the 25th anniversary edition abridged audiobook read by Robert Foxworth. Audible.com commissioned Scott Brick to read an unabridged version of the 25th anniversary edition in 2011.


title: Lateral coital position

text: The lateral coital position is a sex position described by Masters and Johnson in their book, "Human Sexual Inadequacy". The position was preferred by 75% of their heterosexual respondents once they had tried it.


title: Lateral coital position

text: Moving into this position requires that the partners begin with woman on top sexual position with penis penetrating the woman and then:


title: Lateral coital position

text: This position leaves the partners both fully supported by the bed (the man on his back, the woman on her right shoulder and torso) except for the woman's left leg which is resting on the man's right hip. The man is flat on his back, while the woman is rolled slightly to her right. Their bodies form an angle of roughly 30°, leaving the partners face to face with the woman's weight on her right shoulder. Pillows are used under both partners' heads. Should her size require it, more pillows may be needed to support the woman's upper body.


title: Lateral coital position

text: According to Masters and Johnson, "when facility in lateral coital positioning has been obtained, there is no pinning of either the male or female partner. There is mutual freedom of pelvic movement in any direction, and there will be no cramping of muscles or necessity for tiring support of body weight. The lateral coital position provides both sexes flexibility for free sexual expression. This position particularly is effective for the woman, as she can move with full freedom to enjoy either slow or rapid pelvic thrusting, depending upon current levels of sexual tensions."


title: Lateral coital position

text: The position was recommended by them for all couples, and also particularly in cases of premature ejaculation due to reduced pressure on the man.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Charles-Marie Gustave Le Bon (; 7 May 1841 – 13 December 1931) was a leading French polymath whose areas of interest included anthropology, psychology, sociology, medicine, invention, and physics. He is best known for his 1895 work "", which is considered one of the seminal works of crowd psychology.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: A native of Nogent-le-Rotrou, Le Bon qualified as a doctor of medicine at the University of Paris in 1866. He opted against the formal practice of medicine as a physician, instead beginning his writing career the same year of his graduation. He published a number of medical articles and books before joining the French Army after the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. Defeat in the war coupled with being a first-hand witness to the Paris Commune of 1871 strongly shaped Le Bon's worldview. He then travelled widely, touring Europe, Asia and North Africa. He analysed the peoples and the civilisations he encountered under the umbrella of the nascent field of anthropology, developing an essentialist view of humanity, and invented a portable cephalometer during his travels.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: In the 1890s, he turned to psychology and sociology, in which fields he released his most successful works. Le Bon developed the view that crowds are not the sum of their individual parts, proposing that within crowds there forms a new psychological entity, the characteristics of which are determined by the "racial unconscious" of the crowd. At the same time he created his psychological and sociological theories, he performed experiments in physics and published popular books on the subject, anticipating the mass–energy equivalence and prophesising the Atomic Age. Le Bon maintained his eclectic interests up until his death in 1931.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Ignored or maligned by sections of the French academic and scientific establishment during his life due to his politically conservative and reactionary views, Le Bon was critical of majoritarianism and socialism.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Charles-Marie Gustave Le Bon was born in Nogent-le-Rotrou, Centre-Val de Loire on 7 May 1841 to a family of Breton ancestry. At the time of Le Bon's birth, his mother, Annette Josephine Eugénic Tétiot Desmarlinais, was twenty-six and his father, Jean-Marie Charles Le Bon, was forty-one and a provincial functionary of the French government. Le Bon was a direct descendant of Jean-Odet Carnot, whose grandfather, Jean Carnot, had a brother, Denys, from whom the fifth president of the French Third Republic, Marie François Sadi Carnot, was directly descended.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: When Le Bon was eight years old, his father obtained a new post in French government and the family, including Gustave's younger brother Georges, left Nogent-le-Rotrou never to return. Nonetheless, the town was proud that Gustave Le Bon was born there and later named a street after him. Little else is known of Le Bon's childhood, except for his attendance at a lycée in Tours, where he was an unexceptional student.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: In 1860, he began medicinal studies at the University of Paris. He completed his internship at Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, and received his doctorate in 1866. From that time on, he referred to himself as "Doctor" though he never formally worked as a physician. During his university years, Le Bon wrote articles on a range of medical topics, the first of which related to the maladies that plagued those who lived in swamp-like conditions. He published several other about loa loa filariasis and asphyxia before releasing his first full-length book in 1866, "La mort apparente et inhumations prématurées". This work dealt with the definition of death, preceding 20th-century legal debates on the issue.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: After his graduation, Le Bon remained in Paris, where he taught himself English and German by reading Shakespeare's works in each language. He maintained his passion for writing and authored several papers on physiological studies, as well as an 1868 textbook about sexual reproduction, before joining the French Army as a medical officer after the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in July 1870. During the war, Le Bon organised a division of military ambulances. In that capacity, he observed the behaviour of the military under the worst possible condition—total defeat, and wrote about his reflections on military discipline, leadership and the behaviour of man in a state of stress and suffering. These reflections garnered praise from generals, and were later studied at Saint-Cyr and other military academies in France. At the end of the war, Le Bon was named a "Chevalier" of the Legion of Honour.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon also witnessed the Paris Commune of 1871, which deeply affected his worldview. The then thirty-year-old Le Bon looked on as Parisian revolutionary crowds burned down the Tuileries Palace, the library of the Louvre, the Hôtel de Ville, the Gobelins Manufactory, the Palais de Justice, and other irreplaceable works of architectural art.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: From 1871 on, Le Bon was an avowed opponent of socialist pacifists and protectionists, who he believed were halting France's martial development and stifling her industrial growth; stating in 1913: "Only people with lots of cannons have the right to be pacifists." He also warned his countrymen of the deleterious effects of political rivalries in the face of German military might and rapid industrialisation, and therefore was uninvolved in the Dreyfus Affair which dichotomised France.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon became interested in the emerging field of anthropology in the 1870s and travelled throughout Europe, Asia and North Africa. Influenced by Charles Darwin, Herbert Spencer and Ernst Haeckel, Le Bon supported biological determinism and a hierarchical view of the races and sexes; after extensive field research, he posited a correlation between cranial capacity and intelligence in "Recherches anatomiques et mathématiques sur les variations de volume du cerveau et sur leurs relations avec l'intelligence" (1879), which earned him the Godard Prize from the French Academy of Sciences. During his research, he invented a portable cephalometer to aid with measuring the physical characteristics of remote peoples, and in 1881 published a paper, ""The Pocket Cephalometer, or Compass of Coordinates"", detailing his invention and its application.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: In 1884, he was commissioned by the French government to travel around Asia and report on the civilisations there. The results of his journeys were a number of books, and a development in Le Bon's thinking to also view culture to be influenced chiefly by hereditary factors such as the unique racial features of the people. The first book, entitled "La Civilisation des Arabes", was released in 1884. In this, Le Bon praised Arabs highly for their contributions to civilisation, but criticised Islamism as an agent of stagnation. He also described their culture as superior to that of the Turks who governed them, and translations of this work were inspirational to early Arab nationalists. He followed this with a trip to Nepal, becoming the first Frenchman to visit the country, and released "Voyage au Népal" in 1886.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: He next published "Les Civilisations de l'Inde" (1887), in which he applauded Indian architecture, art and religion but argued that Indians were comparatively inferior to Europeans in regard to scientific advancements, and that this had facilitated British domination. In 1889, he released "Les Premières Civilisations de l'Orient", giving in it an overview of the Mesopotamian, Indian, Chinese and Egyptian civilisations. The same year, he delivered a speech to the International Colonial Congress criticising colonial policies which included attempts of cultural assimilation, stating: "Leave to the natives their customs, their institutions and their laws." Le Bon released the last book on the topic of his travels, entitled "Les monuments de l'Inde", in 1893, again praising the architectural achievements of the Indian people.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: On his travels, Le Bon travelled largely on horseback and noticed that techniques used by horse breeders and trainers varied dependent on the region. He returned to Paris and in 1892, while riding a high-spirited horse, he was bucked off and narrowly escaped death. He was unsure as to what caused him to be thrown off the horse, and decided to begin a study of what he had done wrong as a rider. The result of his study was "L'Équitation actuelle et ses principes. Recherches expérimentales" (1892), which consisted of numerous photographs of horses in action combined with analysis by Le Bon. This work became a respected cavalry manual, and Le Bon extrapolated his studies on the behaviour of horses to develop theories on early childhood education.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon's behavioural study of horses also sparked a long-standing interest in psychology, and in 1894 he released "Lois psychologiques de l'évolution des peuples". This work was dedicated to his friend Charles Richet though it drew much from the theories of Théodule-Armand Ribot, to whom Le Bon dedicated "" (1895). "Psychologie des Foules" was in part a summation of Le Bon's 1881 work, "L'Homme et les sociétés," to which Émile Durkheim referred in his doctoral dissertation, "De la division du travail social".


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Both were best-sellers, with "Psychologie des Foules" being translated into nineteen languages within one year of its appearance. Le Bon followed these with two more books on psychology, "Psychologie du Socialisme" and "Psychologie de l'Éducation", in 1896 and 1902 respectively. These works rankled the largely socialist academic establishment of France.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon constructed a home laboratory in the early 1890s, and in 1896 reported observing "black light", a new kind of radiation that he believed was distinct from, but possibly related to, X-rays and cathode rays. Not the same type of radiation as what is now known as black light, its existence was never confirmed and, similar to N rays, it is now generally understood to be non-existent, but the discovery claim attracted much attention among French scientists at the time, many of whom supported it and Le Bon's general ideas on matter and radiation, and he was even nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: In 1902, Le Bon began a series of weekly luncheons to which he invited prominent intellectuals, nobles and ladies of fashion. The strength of his personal networks is apparent from the guest list: participants included cousins Henri and Raymond Poincaré, Paul Valéry, Alexander Izvolsky, Henri Bergson, Marcellin Berthelot and Aristide Briand.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: In "L'Évolution de la Matière" (1905), Le Bon anticipated the mass–energy equivalence, and in a 1922 letter to Albert Einstein complained about his lack of recognition. Einstein responded and conceded that a mass–energy equivalence had been proposed before him, but only the theory of relativity had cogently proved it. Gaston Moch gave Le Bon credit for anticipating Einstein's theory of relativity. In "L'Évolution des Forces" (1907), Le Bon prophesied the Atomic Age. He wrote about "the manifestation of a new force—namely intra-atomic energy—which surpasses all others by its colossal magnitude," and stated that a scientist who discovered a way to dissociate rapidly one gram of any metal would "not witness the results of his experiments ... the explosion produced would be so formidable that his laboratory and all neighbouring houses, with their inhabitants, would be instantaneously pulverised."


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon discontinued his research in physics in 1908, and turned again to psychology. He released "La Psychologie politique et la défense sociale", "Les Opinions et les croyances", "La Révolution Française et la Psychologie des Révolutions", "Aphorismes du temps présent", and "La Vie des vérités" in back-to-back years from 1910 to 1914, expounding in which his views on affective and rational thought, the psychology of race, and the history of civilisation.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon continued writing throughout World War I, publishing "Enseignements Psychologiques de la Guerre Européenne" (1915), "Premières conséquences de la guerre: transformation mentale des peuples" (1916) and "Hier et demain. Pensées brèves" (1918) during the war.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: He then released "Psychologie des Temps Nouveaux" (1920) before resigning from his position as Professor of Psychology and Allied Sciences at the University of Paris and retiring to his home.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: He released "Le Déséquilibre du Monde", "Les Incertitudes de l'heure présente" and "L'évolution actuelle du monde, illusions et réalités" in 1923, 1924 and 1927 respectively, giving in them his views of the world during the volatile interwar period.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: He became a "Grand-Croix" of the Legion of Honour in 1929. He published his last work, entitled "Bases scientifiques d'une philosophie de l'histoire", in 1931 and on 13 December, died in Marnes-la-Coquette, Île-de-France at the age of ninety.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Convinced that human actions are guided by eternal laws, Le Bon attempted to synthesise Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer with Jules Michelet and Alexis de Tocqueville.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: According to Steve Reicher, Le Bon was not the first crowd psychologist: "The first debate in crowd psychology was actually between two criminologists, and Gabriel Tarde, concerning how to determine and assign criminal responsibility within a crowd and hence who to arrest." While this previous attribution may be valid, it is worth pointing out that Le Bon specified that the influence of crowds was not only a negative phenomenon, but could also have a positive impact. He considered this as a shortcoming from those authors who only considered the criminal aspect of crowd psychology.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon theorised that the new entity, the "psychological crowd", which emerges from incorporating the assembled population not only forms a new body but also creates a collective "unconsciousness". As a group of people gather together and coalesces to form a crowd, there is a "magnetic influence given out by the crowd" that transmutes every individual's behaviour until it becomes governed by the "group mind". This model treats the crowd as a unit in its composition which robs every individual member of their opinions, values and beliefs; as Le Bon states: "An individual in a crowd is a grain of sand amid other grains of sand, which the wind stirs up at will".


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Le Bon detailed three key processes that create the psychological crowd: i) Anonymity, ii) Contagion and iii) Suggestibility. Anonymity provides to rational individuals a feeling of invincibility and the loss of personal responsibility. An individual becomes primitive, unreasoning, and emotional. This lack of self-restraint allows individuals to "yield to instincts" and to accept the instinctual drives of their "unconscious". For Le Bon, the crowd inverts Darwin's law of evolution and becomes atavistic, proving Ernst Haeckel's embryological theory: "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny". Contagion refers to the spread in the crowd of particular behaviours and individuals sacrifice their personal interest for the collective interest. Suggestibility is the mechanism through which the contagion is achieved; as the crowd coalesces into a singular mind, suggestions made by strong voices in the crowd create a space for the unconscious to come to the forefront and guide its behaviour. At this stage, the psychological crowd becomes homogeneous and malleable to suggestions from its strongest members. "The leaders we speak of," says Le Bon, "are usually men of action rather than of words. They are not gifted with keen foresight... They are especially recruited from the ranks of those morbidly nervous excitable half-deranged persons who are bordering on madness."


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: George Lachmann Mosse claimed that fascist theories of leadership that emerged during the 1920s owed much to Le Bon's theories of crowd psychology. Adolf Hitler is known to have read "The Crowd" and in "Mein Kampf" drew on the propaganda techniques proposed by Le Bon. Benito Mussolini also made a careful study of Le Bon. Some commentators have drawn a link between Le Bon and Vladimir Lenin/the Bolsheviks.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Just prior to World War I, Wilfred Trotter introduced Wilfred Bion to Le Bon's writings and Sigmund Freud's work "Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego". Trotter's book "Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War" (1919) forms the basis for the research of both Wilfred Bion and Ernest Jones who established what would be called group dynamics. During the first half of the twentieth century, Le Bon's writings were used by media researchers such as Hadley Cantril and Herbert Blumer to describe the reactions of subordinate groups to media.


title: Gustave Le Bon

text: Edward Bernays, a nephew of Sigmund Freud, was influenced by Le Bon and Trotter. In his influential book "Propaganda", he declared that a major feature of democracy was the manipulation of the electorate by the mass media and advertising. Theodore Roosevelt as well as Charles G. Dawes and many other American progressives in the early 20th century were also deeply affected by Le Bon's writings.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Vyshyvanka ( or ; ) is a casual name for the embroidered shirt in Ukrainian and Belarusian national costumes. Ukrainian vyshyvanka is distinguished by local embroidery features specific to Ukrainian embroidery.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: The word "vyshyvanka" itself is from вишива́ти (vyšyváti, "to embroider") and -а́нка (-ánka), which means "something that is embroidered".


title: Vyshyvanka

text: In English translations of Ukrainian texts, the word "vyshyvanka" is a loanword. The same way as the kilt speaks about its Scottish origin, or moccasins attribute to Native American heritage, vyshyvanka proudly defines Ukrainian people.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: The embroidery is a fundamental element of the Ukrainian folk costume in both sexes. Ukrainian vyshyvanka is distinguished by local embroidery features specific to Ukrainian embroidery:


title: Vyshyvanka

text: In Ukrainian embroidery, black, red, and white colours are basic, and yellow, blue, and green are supplementary.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: On the territory of Ukraine, embroidery existed already in the 5th century B.C, and was a creation of Scythian fine art. Ukraine is famous throughout the world for its highly artistic embroidery. It is important for the embroiderer today to use folk art as a source without altering stitches or colours because every change devalues a piece of embroidery and distorts it.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: The costume of Ukrainian settlers since the 17th century had most certainly influenced southern Russian dress, so the sleeves of the chemises of girls and young women were decorated with geometric embroidery in black or red.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: During Paris Fashion Week 2015, Ukrainian fashion designer Vita Kin was featured in "Vogue" magazine and "Harper's Bazaar" for introducing vyshyvanky as modern Bohemian style designs that attracted fashion icons like Anna Dello Russo, Miroslava Duma, and Leandra Medine. The designer transformed vyshyvanka shirt into a more modern version. She kept the traditional form, but changed the embroidery borrowing some elements from Ukrainian rushnyk and home textile.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: In its US May issue "Vogue" wrote that the vyshyvanka has "made waves far past the Eastern European country". "The Times" of London declared it "this summer's [2016] most sought-after item of clothing", soon following was the "New York Times" who advised readers to stock up on this "top of summer" fashion. French actress Melanie Thierry wore a vyshyvanka at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. Queen Máxima of the Netherlands wore a vyshyvanka dress when visiting the 2016 Summer Olympics.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Vyshyvanka is used as a talisman to protect the person wearing it and to tell a story. A geometric pattern woven in the past by adding red or black threads into the light thread was later imitated by embroidery, and believed to have the power to protect a person from all harm. There is a saying in Ukrainian "Народився у вишиванці" which is translated as somebody was born wearing vyshyvanka. It is used to emphasize someone's luck and ability to survive in any situation.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Archduke Wilhelm of Austria was a Ukrainian patriot who preferred wearing the vyshyvanka and was therefore known in Ukrainian as Vasyl Vyshyvanyi (Basil the Embroidered). The Vyshyvanoho Square was named in his honour in the city of Lviv.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Vyshyvanka and other national symbols became extremely popular in Ukraine following Euromaidan, including in LGBT+ communities signalling their belonging to the nation.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Vyshyvanka is not present in the traditional Russian women's costume with the sarafan consisting of a long full skirt hanging just below the arms with straps or an extremely abbreviated bodice that secures it over the shoulders.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: Vyshyvanka Day originated in 2006 at Chernivtsi National University by its student Lesia Voroniuk and gradually became international as the International Day of Vyshyvanka. It is celebrated on the third Thursday of May. It is intended to unite all Ukrainians over the world, regardless of religion, language they speak or their place of residence. It is a flash mob holiday, which is not attached to any public holiday or feast day. On this day, many Ukrainians wear vyshyvanky to demonstrate commitment to the idea of national identity and unity and to show their patriotism. State officials, including municipal, court, and the government officials and the head of the state, may take part in celebration.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: In 2018, the Appeal Instance of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine conducted a research and came to the following conclusions:


title: Vyshyvanka

text: The vyshyvanka is regarded as a national symbol by members of the government and opposition alike, with Minister of Foreign Affairs Vladimir Makei saying in 2017, "The patterns used to embroider these shirts have never promoted violence or evil. Quite the contrary, they promote goodness and peacefulness. They reflect the mentality of the Belarusian people, our spirit." Unlike in Ukraine, where the embroidery's features are primarily determined by region, the Belarusian vyshyvanka is embroidered according to national and personal history, and is also often used to record information. It is also commonly claimed that vyshyvanky help to ward off evil spirits.


title: Vyshyvanka

text: During the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, the vyshyvanka became a symbol of the Belarusian opposition, as well as the Belarusian national identity in general. The online website "Vyzhyvanka" (from vyshyvanka and ) by Belarusian-Czech artist Rufina Bazlova was noted as a significant symbol of the protest movement.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: Scott Thomas McLaughlin (born 10 June 1993) is a New Zealand racing driver. He currently competes in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 3 Dallara-Chevrolet for Team Penske. He previously raced in the Supercars Championship, in which he won the drivers' title in 2018, 2019 and 2020.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin won the 2012 Dunlop V8 Supercar Series and made his Supercars Championship debut at the 2012 Dick Smith Sandown 500 as a co-driver to Jonathon Webb at Tekno Autosports. Having made a substitute appearance for Garry Rogers Motorsport at the final event of 2012, McLaughlin was signed by the team to compete full-time in the 2013 season. He took his first race victory in the sixth race of the year, becoming the youngest driver to win a Supercars Championship race, and went on to finish his rookie season in tenth place. McLaughlin remained with the team for the next three seasons and enjoyed continued success, recording 17 pole positions and eight race victories for the team, with a best championship placing of third in 2016.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In July 2016 it was announced that McLaughlin would join DJR Team Penske for the 2017 Supercars Championship. He enjoyed immediate success with the team, taking a record 16 pole positions during the season as well as eight race victories. McLaughlin finished runner-up to Jamie Whincup in the championship, with Whincup securing his seventh championship title in the final race of the season. The following season, McLaughlin took his maiden championship title after a close battle with Whincup's teammate Shane van Gisbergen in the second half of the year. In 2019, McLaughlin dominantly won his second championship, winning a record 18 races during the season, including the Bathurst 1000, and securing the title with one event remaining. McLaughlin completed a hat-trick of championship wins in 2020, taking a further 13 race victories.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: During 2020 it was announced that McLaughlin would join the IndyCar Series with Team Penske in 2021. He made his debut at the 2020 Firestone Grand Prix of St. Petersburg.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin was born in Hamilton, New Zealand but moved to Australia's Gold Coast at 9 years of age and attended Saint Stephen's College throughout his upbringing.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin began racing karts in 1999 at the Kartsport Hamilton circuit outside of Hamilton, New Zealand, winning his first title in 2002. After his family relocated to the Gold Coast in 2003, McLaughlin began contesting Australian titles while also continuing to compete in New Zealand. In 2008, McLaughlin represented New Zealand in the Junior class at the Rotax Max Challenge Grand Finals, alongside Nick Cassidy. Starting the Final in sixth place, McLaughlin was involved in an incident on the first lap and eventually finished 19th.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin was part of the Britek Motorsport scholarship in 2008, which saw him working closely with team owner and Supercars race winner Jason Bright. McLaughlin attended the 2008 Bathurst 1000 with the team, spending time in the pit garage and seeing the inner workings of the team. McLaughlin completed a week of work experience with Stone Brothers Racing (SBR) in 2009, after which he was offered a four-year apprenticeship with the team, starting in 2010. On 17 December 2009, the team gave McLaughlin his first test in a V8 Supercar. He recorded over 70 laps at Queensland Raceway, driving one of the team's Ford BF Falcons. McLaughlin impressed during the test, recording lap times just over one second slower than those of the SBR's full-time V8 Supercar drivers Alex Davison and Shane van Gisbergen.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin was signed by SBR to contest the 2010 Fujitsu V8 Supercar Series in a BF Falcon. Due to his limited racing experience in cars, McLaughlin was unable to attain the required competition licence to compete in the first round of the series; he instead took part in the first two rounds of the Australian Mini Challenge and completed a single round of the Victorian Formula Ford Series. He eventually made his debut in the second round at Queensland Raceway, becoming the youngest ever driver to race a V8 Supercar. McLaughlin qualified in seventh position, just under a second behind the pole position time of championship leader Steve Owen, and finished ninth in the first race of the weekend. The finishing order of the top ten was reversed to form the grid for Race 2, meaning that McLaughlin started the second race on the front row. He overheated the clutch during the start procedure and was unable to move his car when the race started. He was hit by Owen Kelly and Ryan Hansford, with the car suffering severe damage and taking McLaughlin out of the rest of the event. He went on to finish the season twelfth in the championship, with a best qualifying result of second at Sydney Olympic Park and a best race result of fourth at Winton Motor Raceway. McLaughlin suffered a heavy crash at Mount Panorama, hitting the wall at the Reid Park section of the circuit during the first race of the weekend.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin remained with SBR in 2011 and scored his first podium in the opening round at Adelaide, finishing seventh and second in the two races to be classified third overall. He followed this up with a pair of third-place finishes at Barbagallo Raceway, moving up to second in the championship. After struggling in the third round at Townsville, McLaughlin secured his first race victory at Queensland Raceway. Having qualified second behind championship leader Andrew Thompson, McLaughlin took the lead at the start of the first race and went on to win by two seconds. Six further top-five race finishes in the remaining rounds of the season saw McLaughlin finish fourth in the championship, having updated to a newer FG Falcon at the penultimate round of the championship.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin remained with SBR for the opening two rounds of the 2012 season before moving to Matt Stone Racing, a satellite team of SBR, for the remainder of the year. McLaughlin prevailed in a close title fight with Chaz Mostert, Scott Pye and Nick Percat; the quartet became known as the Dunlop Series' "Class of 2012", with all four drivers going on to become race winners in the Supercars Championship. McLaughlin scored his first round win in the series at Barbagallo Raceway, backing it up with another victory at Townsville. Another podium finish at Queensland Raceway gave McLaughlin an 88-point lead over Mostert with three rounds remaining. While on course to finish second in the first race at Mount Panorama, McLaughlin suffered a puncture which dropped him to 13th place. Despite recovering to finish sixth in the second race, McLaughlin left the event with a 20-point deficit to Mostert in the championship. Percat and Pye finished first and second in the penultimate round at Winton, while McLaughlin finished fifth; the results saw McLaughlin take a 32-point lead over Percat into the final round at Sydney Olympic Park, with both Mostert and Pye less than 100 points adrift. McLaughlin won the opening race of the final round, with incidents for Percat and Mostert giving him a comfortable points lead heading into the final race of the season. A third-place finish saw him secure the title with a 73-point margin over Pye.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin drove a Holden VE Commodore in the 2012 season of the V8 SuperTourer Series. He won six races for MPC Motorsport on his way to becoming the inaugural series champion.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin made his debut in the Supercars Championship at the Sandown 500 in 2012, as a co-driver to Jonathon Webb at Tekno Autosports. The pair performed well at both Sandown and Bathurst, finishing in tenth place at Sandown and in sixth place at Bathurst. McLaughlin also drove at the Sydney 500 for Garry Rogers Motorsport after Alexandre Prémat was forced out of the Sunday race due to extreme heat exhaustion the day before. McLaughlin was later signed by Garry Rogers Motorsport as a full-time driver for the 2013 season.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin continued with Garry Rogers Motorsport into 2014, under its new identity as Volvo Polestar Racing (later Volvo Cyan Racing). On 1 March 2014, McLaughlin scored a podium finish in Volvo's return to the series at the Clipsal 500 Adelaide. Four race wins at Barbagallo, Sydney Motorsport Park, and 2 wins at Phillip Island. He finished 5th in the standings.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: For 2017, McLaughlin moved from Garry Rogers Motorsport to DJR Team Penske to partner Fabian Coulthard. Throughout the year, McLaughlin was dominant in qualifying; acquiring 16 pole positions. Along with a string of strong results, McLaughlin would find himself in the box seat for a maiden championship title. After starting strongly in the final round at Newcastle, a chaotic second race saw McLaughlin pick up three penalties which would eventually contribute toward him narrowly missing out on the title to Jamie Whincup.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In 2018, McLaughlin continued to race with DJR Team Penske. He won seven out of the 34 races, winning in Melbourne, Phillip Island, Barbagallo, Hidden Valley, and Ipswich. McLaughlin finished third at Bathurst alongside Alexandre Prémat in which was the Ford Falcon's final appearance at Mount Panorama. On 4 November, at Pukekohe Park Raceway, McLaughlin won race twenty-nine to join compatriot Shane van Gisbergen in winning the Jason Richards Memorial Trophy. In Newcastle, McLaughlin won race thirty (after van Gisbergen was stripped of his victory following a pit lane violation, demoting him to fifth) and finished second in race thirty-one to become the 2018 Virgin Australia Supercars champion.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In 2019, DJR Team Penske debuted the Ford Mustang, which replaced the Falcon. McLaughlin was able to continue his dominance with the team, with 18 wins, which broke the record for most wins in a single year, 15 pole positions, 18 fastest laps, and 22 podiums to his name. He became the first-ever driver to claim the Darwin Triple Crown, after winning the first race, claiming pole for the second race, and winning the second race. On 13 October 2019. McLaughlin finally won Bathurst for the first time, with Alexandre Prémat as Scott's co-driver. Two weeks after this he had the biggest crash of his career, a 43g impact at the Gold Coast. He then had to drive a new car, due to chassis damage from the crash, for the last two rounds and was still able to successfully defend his championship title, with a round to go at Sandown.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In a 2020 season shortened by the COVID-19 Pandemic McLaughlin won his third consecutive and to date last Supercars Championship and the final championship for DJR Team Penske. He scored thirteen wins on the season to go with eight podium finishes and fifteen pole positions.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin and Team Penske attempted to partner with Dick Johnson Racing again to field a car for the 2021 Bathurst 1000 but due to pandemic-related travel restrictions, he was not able to attend the race. McLaughlin stated that in future seasons he intends to compete within the Bathurst 1000 with Team Penske's backing after he completes the IndyCar season.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: Speculation around McLaughlin moving to one of Penske's other motorsports programs began in 2019 when Penske team president Tim Cindric and McLaughlin met in Australia to discuss McLaughlin's future in the Penske organization. Cindric originally envisioned moving McLaughlin to Penske's WeatherTech SportsCar Championship program to race alongside Helio Castroneves in Penske's Acura Daytona Prototype International entry and potentially competing in the World Endurance Championship. McLaughlin however expressed interest in moving to Penske's team in the Indycar Series. He stated his primary motivators were the challenge of racing open-wheel race cars, his long time goal of racing in the Indianapolis 500, and competing against his childhood hero and fellow New Zealander Scott Dixon. Cindric was skeptical about moving McLaughlin to Indycar as McLaughlin had not driven an open-wheel racecar since he raced in Formula Ford. McLaughlin changed Cindric's mind by altering his strength and conditioning regimen along with undertaking private simulator time that to show he had the talent and physical fitness to move from the mechanical grip reliant Supercars to the downforce reliant Dallara DW12, all during the middle of the 2019 Supercars Championship.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In January 2020, he tested a Team Penske IndyCar at Sebring International Raceway. Team Penske driver Will Power hailed McLaughlin as a phenomenal driver after the test. In February 2020 McLaughlin completed his first laps on an oval during Team Penske's test at Texas Motor Speedway, with reigning Indycar Series champion and future teammate Josef Newgarden hailing McLaughlin's ability to quickly adapt to the demands of racing the DW12 on ovals. On 5 February, Penske announced that McLaughlin will race a 4th Team Penske entry at the Grand Prix of Indianapolis. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, McLaughlin was unable to travel to the United States for that race. On 17 September, Team Penske announced that McLaughlin will instead make his IndyCar debut at the Firestone Grand Prix of St. Petersburg on 25 October. The day before the race he posted on his personal Instagram feed that he signed a multi year contract with Penske to compete full time in the series.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: On January 25, 2021, McLaughlin and Penske announced that PPG Paints would be the primary sponsor for most of his entries in the Indycar series in his rookie year, while Florida based office technology supplier DEX Imaging and used car outlet Car Shop would sponsor him for select events. For the 2021 Indianapolis 500 he drove a Pennzoil-sponsored car, with the livery paying homage to that company's famed "Yellow Submarine" designs of the 1980s. Going into his rookie IndyCar season both Tim Cindric and Roger Penske let McLaughlin know that he was not expected to compete for wins and that his primary goal would be to finish all the races.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin spent 2021 learning the different aspects of IndyCar racing. In addition to coming to grips with a car reliant on downforce rather than mechanical grip McLaughlin also had to learn how to drive a turbocharged car with temperature-sensitive tires and carbon-ceramic brakes, all aspects that were drastically different from the cars he raced in the Supercars Championship. McLaughlin admitted after the season that his biggest struggle of the season was learning how to build and manage the temperature of the tires and brakes, which is more critical and difficult in an open-wheel racecar like an IndyCar than it is in a touring car that McLaughlin was used to racing. In qualifying for road street course races, which made up 75% of the IndyCar calendar, McLaughlin struggled through the first three-quarters of the season with understanding how to build and maintain an optimal temperature in the tires and brakes in the short amount of time given in IndyCar qualifying on the road and street courses. These struggles in qualifying meant McLaughlin started with an average position of sixteenth on the road and street courses, meaning he would have to fight his way through traffic and work harder for the position despite recording a slightly above average 4.5 overtakes per race. He recorded his first fast six qualifying slot and first top ten finish on a road course at the first race on the IMS Road Course, where he qualified sixth and finished eighth. McLaughlin would struggle on road and street courses after the Indianapolis 500 and did not pick up another top ten finish on a road course until he finished ninth at Portland.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin's strongest performances in his rookie season were on the ovals, with the strongest moment of his rookie season coming in the first race at Texas Motor Speedway, the Genesys 300. In his first race ever on an oval McLaughlin started fifteenth due to qualifying being canceled by inclement weather, forcing the drivers to line up based on their championship points standings. Despite this technicality McLaughlin got his first IndyCar podium by finishing second to Scott Dixon. Not only did McLaughlin finish ahead of Tony Kanaan and Pietro Fittipaldi (who filled in for Johnson and Grosjean respectively), he finished ahead of all his Penske teammates and all the active drivers who had won the Indianapolis 500 other than Dixon; Takuma Sato, Alexander Rossi, Ryan Hunter-Reay, Tony Kanaan, and teammates Will Power and Simon Pagenaud. He picked up further top ten finishes in the second race in Texas and at Gateway. When asked why his performances on ovals were better than on road and street courses despite having never raced on them before McLaughlin stated that it largely came down to the oval qualifying format being similar to that in the Supercars Championship and that the IndyCar oval tires came to temperature significantly faster than the road and street course tires, giving him the confidence to push harder on ovals than he did on road and street courses.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: During the run-up and qualifying for the 105th Indianapolis 500 McLaughlin was mentored by former Penske driver and four-time Indianapolis 500 winner Rick Mears. Although Mears advised all the Penske drivers he focused the most on preparing McLaughlin for the 500. Mears' mentorship paid off for McLaughlin and led to him qualifying seventeenth on the grid, the highest Penske driver in what was considered Penske's worst qualifying performance for the 500 since 1995. During the race McLaughlin ran for large portions at the back of the top ten before incurring a drive-through penalty on lap 116 for speeding in the pit lane, leading to a twentieth place finish. For his efforts McLaughlin was named Indianapolis 500 Rookie Of The Year, the third Penske driver to be named so along with Mears and race winner Helio Castroneves.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: The main narrative surrounding McLaughlin's rookie season was his place in a unique class of IndyCar rookies that included NASCAR Cup Series champion Jimmie Johnson and Formula One veteran Romain Grosjean, with many pundits speculating which of the three, would have the strongest season. McLaughlin would be the only one of the three to run a full schedule in 2021, as Johnson opted not to race on any of the oval courses and Grosjean only chose to race at one of the four oval races. While Johnson would take the longest of the three to adapt to IndyCar racing McLaughlin and Grosjean were frequently measured against one another on the track. McLaughlin only outdueled Grosjean four times in their rookie season; at St. Petersburg when he raced there for the second time in six months, at Grosjean's first oval race at Gateway, and at Portland and Long Beach when Grosjean was caught up in accidents caused by other drivers early in both races. This meant that Grosjean had a chance at winning the IndyCar Rookie of the Year award despite not running a full schedule and McLaughlin racing in the double points earning Indianapolis 500. The two drivers largely downplayed the comparisons to one another, with Grosjean stating it was unfair to compare the two given his nearly two decades of open-wheel racing experience while McLaughlin only had one season in open-wheel racing before him joining the IndyCar Series.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: In 2022 McLaughlin would put together all that he learned in his rookie season and became a championship contender in IndyCar. He took his first IndyCar win at the season opener at St. Petersburg, took a second win later in the season at Mid Ohio, and a third win on the season at Portland. He picked up additional podium finishes at Texas, the second race at Iowa, Nashville, and Gateway, along with earning three pole positions on the season. McLaughin would go into the season finale at Laguna Seca as one of five drivers contending for the Astor Cup, despite crashing out of the Indianapolis 500 and missing out on double points. He ultimately finished fourth in the championship standings.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin is married to Karly Paone, a schoolteacher from Long Island. The two met by chance in 2016 in Las Vegas when McLaughlin made the trip to help a fellow racer competing in an international karting tournament. Paone moved to Australia with McLaughlin in 2018 and the two were married in 2020. After McLaughlin moved from Supercars to the IndyCar Series he and Karly relocated to North Carolina to be closer to Team Penske's headquarters.


title: Scott McLaughlin (racing driver)

text: McLaughlin has a dog named Chase. He began watching American team sports after he met his wife and is a fan of the New York Mets, New York Knicks, and Carolina Panthers.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui (born March 26, 1987), stylized as YUI or yui, is a Japanese singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. In her solo career, she sold more than 5 million physical copies in Japan. She is popular in Japan and in surrounding countries, ranking number one in 2011 Count Down TV "Dearest Female Artist" and Music Station "Artist You Most Want to Marry" polls, as well as Radio Television Hong Kong's "Most Popular Japanese Artist".


title: Yui (singer)

text: Born and raised in Fukuoka prefecture, she played live at various locations in her hometown before being noticed by Sony Music Japan when she was 17 years old, and released her debut single months later. Her singles, however, were only met with moderate success until the breakout "Good-bye Days", which charted for 44 weeks on Oricon and marked her as one of the Japanese music industry's rising stars. Since Yui's debut album, "From Me to You", each of her soloist album releases has topped the charts, with at least one single reaching number one on the Oricon charts from 2007 until her second hiatus in 2012, including five straight from mid-2008 to late 2010. After retiring from music as a soloist in 2012, she formed the band Flower Flower in 2013.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui was born in Fukuoka, Japan. The "Associated Press" has reported that her full name is Yui Yoshioka.


title: Yui (singer)

text: She grew up in a single-parent family, her father leaving her mother when she was three. Growing up, Yui asserted that she had always been close to music, as she would remember the beats from music she heard on the radio, and would be able to sing it. During elementary school, Yui thought she would like to become a singer. Self-described as shy and horrible at talking to others as a child, she would play outside by herself in mountains, rivers, by the sea and in rice paddies.


title: Yui (singer)

text: During her third year in primary school, she was influenced by her mother to begin writing a journal of her feelings and tried to compose them into poems. By the time Yui attended high school, she began to write songs, thinking of that as being able to express herself little by little. While in high school, she worked part-time at a Chinese restaurant to help pay for tuition. Between music, school and work, however, she only had one or two hours of sleep, and believed she no longer had the time to realize her dreams of a music career. She subsequently became ill; however, it was at the hospital that she was overwhelmed with the desire to make music, and finally decided that school and music could not coexist.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Soon after leaving the hospital, she got a chance to see her first live street performance. She expressed a desire to pursue a musical career to the band, Bianco Nero, at the end of the concert. The band advised Yui to join a private music school, "juku". Despite the social norm of finishing school in Japan and discouragement from her teachers, Yui did not hesitate to drop out of high school and began to study guitar and songwriting at the music cram school "Voice" in her hometown of Fukuoka. Aspiring to become a professional, she took to street performing at Fukuoka's Tenjin Station. These street performances helped Yui to overcome her shyness.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui's professional career began in March 2004 when, at the recommendation of her cram school instructors, she applied for an audition hosted by Sony Music Japan. Although instructed that a participant could only perform two songs, she first sang "Why Me" (a song later included in her debut Sony Records single), followed by "It's Happy Line," and then half of "I Know", performing the unfinished third song because she wanted the judges to hear a song full of hope.


title: Yui (singer)

text: The judges gave her the maximum score. Although "I Know" was incomplete at the time, the judges were able to get a glimpse of what would later be dubbed , or Yui-speak, nonsensical English hummed to a tune during her songwriting process. An example of Yui-go can be found in the film "Song of the Sun."


title: Yui (singer)

text: On December 24, 2004, Yui released her debut single, "It's Happy Line", under the indie label Leaflet Records, coupled with the track "I Know," although the pressing was limited to only 2,000 copies in her home area.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Upon leaving her hometown in Fukuoka for Tokyo, Yui wrote the song "Feel My Soul" as a tribute to her hometown. Although she initially had planned its release on an indie label, Fuji Television producer Yamaguchi was so inspired by Yui's voice that he insisted on having her work on the music for his primetime drama "Fukigen na Gene," prior to releasing a major single. The music in "Fukigen na Gene" was eventually based on her songs "Feel My Soul" and "It's Happy Line."


title: Yui (singer)

text: On February 23, 2005, Yui released her first major debut single "Feel My Soul." With the publicity the drama tie-in drew in, "Feel My Soul" managed to sell over 100,000 copies and managed to chart at number 8 on Oricon Weekly Charts in its first week. Her next three singles, "Tomorrow's Way" (theme song for the movie "Hinokio"), "Life" (5th ending theme for the "Bleach" anime), and "Tokyo" did not chart as high as "Feel My Soul", and were only moderately successful in comparison. Yui released her debut album on February 22, 2006, titled "From Me to You", a moderate success that debuted at number 4 on the Oricon charts, charting for 121 weeks.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui made her acting debut in the full-length feature film "Song of the Sun" (Taiyou no uta, タイヨウのうた), which opened on June 17, 2006. The film was screened at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival. She had a unique way of approaching her role, such as imagining unscripted conversations between other characters and hers as well as staying in her character's room and fitting the aberrant sleeping patterns of her character to give herself a sense of her role. Yui attended the Japan Academy Prize, winning Best Newcomer Award for "Midnight Sun". Prior to the release of the movie, Yui released her fifth single "Good-bye Days," written specifically for the film. The single is her highest selling single, with more than 200,000 copies sold. All three tracks on the single are featured in "Midnight Sun". The single also re-released the track "It's Happy Line," originally released on her debut single.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui's next single, "I Remember You", did well in terms of sales, riding on the wave of the popularity of "Good-bye Days". Yui's seventh single "Rolling Star" was chosen as the 5th opening theme for the "Bleach" anime. Her eighth single, "Cherry" was featured in commercials promoting KDDI, a Listen Mobile Service.


title: Yui (singer)

text: She released her second album "Can't Buy My Love" on April 4, 2007. The album spent two weeks at number 1 on the Oricon charts, breaking her entire previous album's record sales in one week. "Can't Buy My Love" managed to sell over 680,000 copies. Due to the success of "Can't Buy My Love", Yui's previous album, "From Me to You" charted once again, adding another 9,000 copies to the Oricon counting.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui released her 9th single "My Generation/Understand" on June 13, 2007. It was her first double A-side single. "My Generation" was selected as the ending theme for the TV drama "Seito Shokun!", and "Understand" was chosen as the theme song for the movie "Dog in a Sidecar" (サイドカーに犬), (starring her senpai at Stardust Promotion, Yūko Takeuchi). The single charted at number 1 on the Oricon Weekly Charts the first week of its release.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Her tenth single, "Love & Truth" was released on September 26, 2007. The title track is the theme song to the film "Closed Note" (クローズド・ノート) (starring Erika Sawajiri, also of Stardust). During this time, her previous two albums were re-released as Winter Sleeve Editions in alternative covers taken from her "Love & Truth" photoshoot. Her first live concert DVD "Thank You My Teens" was released on November 14, 2007, which contained footage of her second live concert tour.


title: Yui (singer)

text: On November 19, 2007, Yui opened her first live show at Nippon Budokan, which promptly sold out. The Budokan concert was structured similar to a live performance, which a writer from B-Pass called it fitting considering her beginnings as a street performer on the streets of Fukuoka.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui began 2008 with her eleventh single, "Namidairo", released on February 27, 2008. Yui composed the song as a "mysterious and sad sounding" insert for the television drama "4 Shimai Tantei Dan". While writing the song, she attempted to convey a feeling of saying "I'm fine" in order to not worry one's lover, and how during such occasions, we realize little things we don't normally notice. The chorus of the song was incidentally written by Yui during her singing debut.


title: Yui (singer)

text: A week following the release of her 11th single, the promotional video of a new song "Laugh Away", was released. The song was used in Glico's "Watering KissMint" commercial. "Laugh Away" was released as a digital single on March 10, 2008.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Her third studio album was released on April 9, 2008 titled "I Loved Yesterday". It quickly charted at number 1 on the Oricon Weekly Charts and sold more than 400,000 copies, behind her second album. The 10th track on the album, titled "Oh Yeah", was used as the opening theme to "Mezamashi TV", a morning television show. The limited edition version of the album included a DVD which contained music videos of her previous singles and live footage of her Nippon Budokan show. The album was composed mainly of semi-ballads with much of the same themes as her previous releases such as youth.


title: Yui (singer)

text: On July 2, 2008, Yui released "Summer Song," again charting at number 1 on the Oricon Weekly Charts. "Summer Song" sold 83,440 copies in a week, making the single the singer's second highest in first week sales after "Love & Truth."


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui released her B-side compilation album, "My Short Stories", on November 12, 2008, which debuted at number 1 on Oricon. The album included all the B-side tracks of all her singles to date, along with a new song, "I'll Be." Yui is the second female artist whose B-side compilation album topped the charts, after Seiko Matsuda's "Touch Me" in 1984. The last compilation album that reached No. 1 was Mr. Children's "B-Side" in May 2007. On the success of "My Short Stories", sales of her first album "From Me to You" rose again.


title: Yui (singer)

text: In her "Yui Diary" blog entry on August 29, 2008, Yui mentioned that she would put her career on hold, not making any public appearances after the release of the album. She asserted that the break would allow her to fully concentrate on her plans for the next year. During this break, she co-wrote the song "I Do It" with Okinawa girl band Stereopony. It was released as Stereopony's third single on April 22, 2009.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui announced her return from her five-month hiatus on March 25, 2009 on her official website. The single celebrating her return was an up-tempo song titled "Again." The track was chosen as the first opening theme of the new season of the "" anime, premiering on April 5, 2009. The single was released on June 3, 2009. "Again" debuted atop the Oricon charts, selling over 110,000 copies in its first week. The single had the highest opening week sales for a female act in 2009.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Her website Yui-net.com announced the release of her second double-A side single named "It's All Too Much/Never Say Die" on July 27, 2009. The two songs were featured in the film adaptation of "Kaiji" as both a theme and an insert song. The single was released on October 7, 2009 and "Kaiji" released on October 10, 2009. The single debuted at number 1, selling 75,000 copies in its first week of sales, becoming her fifth number one single. On January 20, 2010, Yui released "Gloria", selling over 80,000 copies in the first week and again topping the Oricon charts. Her next single, "To Mother," was released on June 2, 2010, yet again topping the charts.


title: Yui (singer)

text: On July 14, 2010, Yui released her fourth studio album "Holidays in the Sun", which included her five singles from "Summer Song" to "To Mother". It became her fourth straight album to top the Oricon charts, eventually selling over 300,000 copies and attaining the certification of Platinum.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Her single "Rain" was released on the November 24, 2010. Yui's released a double-A side of "It's My Life/Your Heaven," on January 26, 2011. Yui traveled to Sweden for the shooting of the "Your Heaven" music video, also producing a short movie showing her journey to various places and shops in Sweden.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui's tour DVD, "Holidays in the Sun" was released on March 9. Her newest single, "Hello (Paradise Kiss)", was released on June 1, 2011, the A-side and B-side being the theme song and ending song, respectively, of the live-action movie "Paradise Kiss." On June 16, 2011, Yui traveled to Hong Kong for her first overseas concert at the AsiaWorld-Expo Arena, performing to a capacity audience of 14,000 people.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui visited schools in stricken areas from the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami on July 7, 2011, and performed a charity concert. Her single "Green a.Live" uses the emotions and thoughts she felt from the visit, and was released on October 5, 2011. It was previewed on the Tokyo FM radio show "School of Lock" on August 22. "Green a.Live" debuted on top of the charts, and became her first number one single since "To Mother."


title: Yui (singer)

text: On November 2, 2011, Yui released her fifth and final album as a soloist, "How Crazy Your Love". The album debuted at number one on the daily charts, selling just under 50,000 copies on the first day of release, and would go on to reach number one on the weekly charts – making "How Crazy Your Love" her fifth straight album to debut at the weekly number one. She started her fifth major tour on November 11, 2011 to promote her recent album with cruising as its principal thematic element.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui's upcoming single was announced through her participation in Ncon (Nコン), a national school music competition where schools compete to provide their best rendition of songs composed by select artists for a specific theme for that year. Yui was selected to compose for the middle school category. The song was eventually revealed as "fight" on "R no Housoku" (Rの法則), and was released on September 5, 2012.


title: Yui (singer)

text: In a video uploaded to Yui's official Vevo channel on December 18, 2012, she announced that she would be taking a break from music. She explained that "...Yui is so precious and special for me, so I want to leave it as is for a while." To her fans, she said, "Actually, part of the reason I'm going into hiatus again is for the sake of my fans. The biggest reason is that I don't want them to see me with a broken-off heart, if that happens."


title: Yui (singer)

text: Yui returned from hiatus shortly thereafter with a new band called Flower Flower, which performed incognito throughout Japan. The band has since released four digital and Japan-only singles; "Tsuki (月)," "Kamisama (神様)," "Natsu/Aki (夏/秋)" and "Subarashii Sekai (素晴らしい世界)". On March 27, 2014, Yui revealed in her band blog that she had been diagnosed with a panic disorder, which resulted in the cancellation of some presentations. The band, however, would release its first studio album "Mi (実)" on November 26, 2014. The album would go on to debut at number 5 on the weekly Oricon, charting for 11 weeks.


title: Yui (singer)

text: On April 17, 2015, the singer announced via the official blog of her band Flower Flower that she had married a man outside of the industry and that she was pregnant. In August 2015, it was announced that Yui had given birth to healthy twin boys.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Flower Flower released the band's first physical single, "Takaramono (宝物)," on September 9, 2016, which debuted at number ten and charted for five weeks. While talking about the release of the single, almost a year and a half after her previous project, Yui would state: "I did not think I could release songs again, and to be honest I am quite happy that I can."


title: Yui (singer)

text: In the summer of 2017, Flower Flower appeared in various festivals, including at Rock in Japan Festival 2017 and Summer Sonic 2017, leading to speculation that the band would release a second physical single. In a series of concerts in Osaka and Tokyo, the group announced that they would release "Mannequin (マネキン)" on August 2, 2017. In an interview released on the band's website, Yui would state that despite the song's initial composition as a "summer" pop rock song, reflected in the pop-like promotion material, during pre-production and recording the song eventually gravitated towards hard rock. When comparing the single with its B-side, "Drama (ドラマ)," Yui believed that placing a strong, western-like arranged single in "Mannequin" in juxtaposition with the more graceful song "Drama" would provide a nice balance.


title: Yui (singer)

text: On November 11, 2017, Yui confirmed reports from the media that the singer had divorced her husband at the end of August 2017. She has custody of the twin boys they had together.


title: Yui (singer)

text: Flower Flower released the band's second studio album, "Spotlight (スポットライト)," on March 14, 2018. Spotlight was released two and a half years after Flower Flower's previous album, "Mi", but included songs that were produced and played live during Flower Flower's early live performances.


title: Crazy Handful of Nothin'

text: "Crazy Handful of Nothin" is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television drama series "Breaking Bad". Written by George Mastras and directed by Bronwen Hughes, it aired on AMC in the United States and Canada on March 2, 2008. The episode introduces Tuco Salamanca and No Doze, played by Raymond Cruz and Cesar Garcia respectively.