title: Go A

text: Go_A () is a Ukrainian electro-folk band first formed in 2012 who were set to represent Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 in Rotterdam, Netherlands, with the song "Solovey". Following the cancellation of the 2020 contest due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the band represented the country in 2021, this time with "Shum", with which they placed fifth in the final.


title: Go A

text: The idea to form a band that would combine modern electronic music with ethnic motifs first came to Taras Shevchenko in 2011, but the first attempts to work with actual musicians took place in 2012. At the end of that year, in December, the first song "Koliada" (Коляда) was released. The band's name means "return to the roots" and was made by combining the English word "Go" with the Greek letter "Alpha", which symbolizes the beginning of everything.


title: Go A

text: The band first gained attention after the release of the single "Vesnianka" (Веснянка), which won the national competition The Best Track in Ukraine 2015. For six weeks, the song stayed at number one on the 10Dance chart of the Kiss FM radio station in Ukraine and was awarded Discovery of the Year by the radio station.


title: Go A

text: In the fall of 2016, Go_A released their debut album "Idy na zvuk" (Іди на звук; Follow the Tune) under Moon Records. The album consists of ten songs, including the successful "Vesnianka". In early 2017 they released a Christmas single "Shchedryi vechir" (Щедрий вечір) in collaboration with Katia Chilly. The group was founded by Taras Shevchenko. Since its inception, the band's lineup has changed 14 times. The musicians come from different parts of Ukraine: Kateryna Pavlenko - Nizhyn, Taras Shevchenko - Kyiv, Ihor Didenchuk - Lutsk, Ivan Hryhoriak - Bukovyna.


title: Go A

text: In early 2020, it was announced that Go_A was among the 16 acts participating in the Ukrainian national selection for Eurovision 2020 with the song "Solovey". The band performed in the first semi-final, which took place on February 8, where they placed second and thus qualified to the final. On February 22, in the final they won both the public vote and the jury vote, thus earning the right to represent Ukraine at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 in May. However, on 18 March 2020, the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On the same day, announced that the band would represent the country in 2021. On 4 February 2021, it was announced that "Shum" would be the song that Go_A would be performing in Rotterdam. At the Eurovision final on 22 May 2021, "Shum" placed fifth, with 364 combined public and jury points. However, in the public vote, "Shum" placed second with 267 points.


title: Go A

text: Band member Ihor Didenchuk is also a member of rap group Kalush Orchestra, who won the contest for Ukraine .


title: Julie (1975 film)

text: Julie is a 1975 Indian romantic drama film directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan and written by Chakrapani. The film stars Lakshmi in the title role (in her Hindi debut). It also stars Vikram, Nadira, Rita Bhaduri, Om Prakash, Utpal Dutt and Sridevi (in her first significant Hindi role). The film was a critical and commercial success. Despite the film's success, Lakshmi felt comfortable in choosing to do movies majorly down South. Julie was also a musical blockbuster with critics alike and with award-winning music by Rajesh Roshan, which won him the Filmfare Award for the year. It had one of the first English language songs in an Indian film - "My Heart is Beating", sung by Preeti Sagar. It's a rare Hindi film that features an Anglo-Indian family in the lead. It is a remake of a Malayalam blockbuster film "Chattakari" (1974), which also starred Laxmi as the female lead making her Malayalam & Hindi debuts in both versions respectively. She would star in yet another remake, the Telugu film "Miss Julie Prema Katha" (1975). She didn't act in the Kannada remake, Julie, released in 2006, which had Ramya in the title role as "Julie" and Dino Morea as the leading man. She also declined the role of Julie's mother in the Malayalam remake titled "Chattakari" (2012), stating that she wanted the audiences to remember her as the young and beautiful Julie; the title role went to Shamna Kasim. Actress Urvashi portrayed the role of Julie in its Tamil remake "Oh Maane Maane" (1984) .The remake and adaptation rights of this film are now owned by Glamour Eyes Films.


title: Julie (1975 film)

text: This film depicts the restrictive social conventions regarding inter-religion marriage and unwed motherhood in India. Julie (Lakshmi) is a Christian Anglo-Indian girl with a loving, but alcoholic father (Om Prakash), a dominating mother (Nadira), a younger brother and sister (Sridevi). She falls in love with her best friend, Usha Bhattacharya's (Rita Bhaduri) brother Shashi Bhattacharya (Vikram Makandar), a Hindu boy. The lovers consummate their relationship, which leaves her pregnant. Shashi goes away to college, not knowing about her pregnancy. Her mother is distraught when Julie tells her about the pregnancy. They don't tell the rest of the family. Her mother thinks about getting Julie an abortion, but a devout Christian (Sulochana) talks her out of it. Julie is sent away to have her baby in secret. The rest of the family is told that Julie got a job. After the baby's birth, Julie's mother arranges for the child to be left in an orphanage, and demands that Julie return home and forget about the baby.


title: Julie (1975 film)

text: When Julie returns home, her father has died. She is now the primary earner in the family. Later, she runs into Shashi and tells him everything. He then asks to marry her, but his mother objects to the marriage as Julie is of a different faith. She blames Julie for seducing her son and having the baby. Julie's mother doesn't want the union either, as it will be an inter-faith marriage, and she wants to return to England. However, the wisdom of Shashi's father (Utpal Dutt) prevails as he confronts the mothers' prejudices regarding caste and religion, and urges them both to accept their grandchild. The film ends with the mothers offering their full blessings to the young couple, and Julie's mother promising her grandson she will "never leave him."


title: Julie (1975 film)

text: The film's soundtrack won Rajesh Roshan his first Filmfare Award, for Filmfare Award for Best Music Director. "Julie" was one of the top three best-selling soundtrack albums of 1975, along with "Sholay" and "Sanyasi". A remixed cover version of "Dil Kya Kare" sung by Shaan appeared in the 1996 album "Dance Masti".


title: Start menu

text: The Start menu is a graphical user interface element used in Microsoft Windows since Windows 95 and in other operating systems. It provides a central launching point for computer programs and performing other tasks in the Windows shell. It is named "Start screen" in Windows 8.


title: Start menu

text: It has been co-opted by some operating systems (like ReactOS) and Linux desktop environments for providing a more Windows-like experience, and as such is for example present in KDE, with the name of "Kickoff Application Launcher," and on Xfce with the name of "Whisker Menu".


title: Start menu

text: Traditionally, the Start menu provided a customizable nested list of programs for the user to launch, as well as a list of most recently opened documents, a way to find files and obtain assistance, and access to the system settings. Later enhancements via Windows Desktop Update included access to special folders such as "My Documents" and "Favorites" (browser bookmarks). Windows XP's Start menu was expanded to encompass various "My Documents" folders (including "My Music" and "My Pictures"), and transplanted other items like "My Computer "and "My Network Places "from the Windows desktop. Until Windows Vista, the Start menu was constantly expanded across the screen as the user navigated through its cascading sub-menus.


title: Start menu

text: In Microsoft Windows, the Start menu in some form appears in Windows 9x, Windows NT 4.0 and all subsequent versions in the Windows NT family, as well as Windows CE, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone.


title: Start menu

text: The Start menu was introduced in Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0, but had been worked on at Microsoft since 1992, originally being labelled as "System" to testers of the time. It was made to overcome the shortcomings of Program Manager in previous operating systems. Program Manager consisted of a simple multiple document interface (MDI) which allowed users to open separate "program groups" and then execute the shortcuts to programs contained within. It lacked the ability to nest groups within other groups.


title: Start menu

text: Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 replaced Program Manager with desktop and Start menu. The latter was comparable in some respects with the Apple menu in Mac OS operating systems and did not have the mentioned limitations of Program Manager: Being a menu, it allowed nested grouping while keeping only one group open at the time. The menu also offered the ability to shut down and log off from their computer.


title: Start menu

text: Later developments in Internet Explorer and subsequent Windows releases make it possible to customize the Start menu and to access and expand Internet Explorer Favorites, My Documents and Administrative Tools (Windows 2000 and later) from the Start menu. Items could also be simply added to the Start menu by dragging and dropping them.


title: Start menu

text: Although Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 introduced a new version of Start menu, they offered the ability to switch back to this version of Start menu. This version of the Start menu is also available in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. However, it is absent in Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2 and other later Windows releases.


title: Start menu

text: The first major overhaul to the Start menu was introduced in Windows XP and was later included in Windows Server 2003. The Start menu was expanded to two columns: the left-hand column focuses on installed programs, while the right-hand column provides access to My Documents, My Pictures, My Music and other special folders. This column also includes shortcuts for Computer and Network ("Network Neighborhood" in Windows 95 and 98), which were placed on the Desktop in prior versions of Windows. The contents of this column can be customized. Commonly used programs are automatically displayed in the left-hand menu. Users may opt to "pin" programs to this side of the Start menu so that they are always accessible. A sub-menu item at the bottom of this column grants access to all items of Start menu. When this menu item is selected, a scrolling list of Start menu programs replaces the user/recent list.


title: Start menu

text: Windows Vista and its successors added minor changes to the menu. Prior to Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008, the Start menu consisted of a group of menus and sub-menus that cascaded and expanded, obscuring the initially visible portions of the screen beneath them. In Windows Vista, however, cascading menus were replaced by a sliding window in the left pane of the Start menu. Whenever the All Programs item is clicked, the contents of the left pane slide off the left edge of the Start menu, and the All Programs menu slides in from the right edge of the left column. This menu presents a tree view of its hierarchy that expands towards the bottom, with a vertical scrollbar whenever needed. Also added in Windows Vista is a "Search" box that allows users to search for the Start menu shortcuts or other files and folders. The search box features incremental search: If indexing is not turned off, the search box returns results on-the-fly as users type into it. Since the found items can be immediately opened, the Start menu search box partially replaces the function of the Run command from previous versions of Windows. The Run command can also be added separately to the right column in the Start menu. In Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, the search results pane covers both columns of the Start menu. The search box is extended to support searching Control Panel items. The right column in Windows 7 links to Libraries instead of ordinary folders. Most importantly, however, items on the Start menu support "Jump lists" through cascade buttons on their right. Unlike prior versions, the ability to revert to the "Classic" Start menu design is no longer available.


title: Start menu

text: On Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, an update to the Start menu known as the "Start screen" was introduced. It covers the entire screen and no longer features the right column. It shows much larger tiles for programs and, whenever possible, displays dynamic content supplied by the program directly on the tile itself (known as a "live tile"), behaving similarly to a widget. For instance, the live tile for an email client may display the number of unread emails. The Start screen allows users to uninstall their programs by right-clicking on them and selecting "Uninstall". Pinned apps can be placed in groups. The search box is initially hidden but can be viewed by clicking the search button on the charms bar and can also be brought up as it receives keyboard input. True to its name, the Start screen is the first screen that a user sees upon login.


title: Start menu

text: The idea of a full-screen Start can be traced back to Windows Neptune, when Microsoft originally considered a "Start page" that integrated with Windows desktop through Active Desktop. This menu has its roots in Windows Mobile and Windows Phone: In Windows Mobile Standard, which runs on smartphones, the Start menu produces a separate screen of icons. Windows Phone was the original host of the design principles of the third generation Start menu.


title: Start menu

text: The Start screen no longer supports several previously available features. A list of recently launched programs or shortcuts to special folders no longer appears on the Start screen. It no longer supports more than one level of nesting for groups in the All Programs view. Drag and drop support for adding new items to the menu as well as reorganizing the contents of the All Programs view is no longer available. In addition, for the first time in the history of Windows, the Start menu in a stock installation of Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1 or Windows Server 2012 R2 does not provide any facility for shutting down, restarting or activating sleep mode or hibernation, forcing users to use the settings button in the charms bar to perform these actions. An April 2014 update for Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 restores the latter.


title: Start menu

text: Windows 10 re-introduced the Start menu in a revised form. It uses a two column design similar to Windows 7's version, except that the right side is populated by tiles, similarly to Windows 8's Start screen. Applications can be pinned to the right half, and their respective tiles can be resized and grouped into user-specified categories. The left column displays a vertical list, containing frequently-used applications, and links to the "All apps" menu, File Explorer, Settings, and power options. Some of these links, and additional links to folders such as Downloads, Pictures, and Music, can be added through Settings' "Choose which folders appear on Start" page. The Start menu can be resized, or be placed in a full-screen display resembling the Windows 8/8.1 Start screen (although scrolling vertically instead of horizontally). The Start menu also enters this state when "Tablet mode" is enabled.


title: Start menu

text: As of build 10586, the left panel of the Start menu advertises "suggested" Windows Store apps; users can opt out of these suggestions.


title: Start menu

text: Windows RT 8.1 update KB3033055 adds a variant of the Windows 10 Start menu that is visually closer to the design used in early preview builds of Windows 10. It allows applications to be pinned to the top of the left column, with recently used apps listed below (much like 7), and as with 10, allows tiles to be pinned to the right column.


title: Start menu

text: Windows 11 introduces another major redesign to the start menu; a search box was reinstated at the top of the menu, and tiles have been replaced by an area for pinned application shortcuts displayed in a grid, accompanied by a section for "recommended" applications and files. An "All apps" button is displayed next to the heading for pinned applications. Windows 11 does not use live tiles, with their functionality being moved to the separate "Widgets" area on the taskbar.


title: Start menu

text: The Start menu may be launched either by pressing (the Windows key) on a keyboard or its equivalent on a tablet device, pressing on a keyboard, or by clicking on the visual Start button. With the exception of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, the Start button can be found on the taskbar. The Start button on Windows Server 2012 and Windows 8 is initially moved from the traditional taskbar to "charms", a hidden secondary taskbar located to the right of the screen (accessed by swiping in from the right on multitouch devices, or positioning the mouse in one of the right corners of the screen and sliding up or down). The Start screen is accessed either by that button or by clicking the lower left corner of the screen. Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 restore the button back to its original place without removing the new button in the charms. On most versions of Windows, the Start button is located on the lower left corner of the screen, while the start button on Windows 11 is located in the center (but can be moved back to the lower left corner).


title: Start menu

text: On a Mac keyboard or on a Mac running Windows through Boot Camp (software), the key is used as the Windows logo key to activate the Start menu.


title: Start menu

text: Right-clicking on the Start button invokes a context menu. This menu in Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 is called the Quick Link menu and grants access to several frequently used features of Windows, such as accessing desktop or File Explorer.


title: Start menu

text: Users may add Start menu entries by creating folders and shortcuts in the associated "Start Menu" folder, located on the operating system operating media. These appear in a separated section at the top of the Start menu, or, if placed in the Programs sub-folder, in the Programs menu. The location of this folder however, depends on the operating system installed:


title: Start menu

text: In Windows Server 2003 and earlier, the folder name "Start Menu" changes depending on the localization; for example, on German versions of Windows XP it is "codice_9". Windows installers generally use the Windows API to find out the real names and locations of the Start menu and Desktop folders. Since Windows Vista, all folders used by the system use the same name as in the English version and only display different names in Windows Explorer.


title: Start menu

text: TweakUI, an unsupported utility program from Microsoft, offers additional customizations, including speeding up the response time of the Start menu, window animation, and other hacks. On Windows XP and Windows Vista, it is possible to prevent specific programs from appearing in the recent programs list (the left pane of the Start menu) by modifying the Windows registry.


title: Start menu

text: Many desktop environments for open source operating systems provide a menu similar to the Start menu:


title: Rajshri Deshpande

text: Rajshri Deshpande is an Indian actress and activist. She gained international recognition with her portrayal of Laxami in Pan Nalin's "Angry Indian Goddesses". This was followed by the titular role of Durga in Sanal Kumar Sasidharan's "Sexy Durga", which won the Hivos Toger Award at the Rotterdam Film Festival. She also plays the role of Manju in BBC One's "McMafia". Deshpande received critical acclaim for her performance as Subhadra in the Netflix series "Sacred Games", directed by Anurag Kashyap. She played the role of Ismat Chughtai in Nandita Das's film "Manto".


title: Rajshri Deshpande

text: Rajshri Deshpande was born in a working-class family in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. She is the youngest of three siblings. She has an undergraduate degree in law from Symbiosis Law School and a postgraduate degree in advertising from Symbiosis International University. She got into the advertising industry to support herself but soon found her calling in acting. She also has a diploma in filmmaking from Whistling Woods International in Mumbai.


title: Rajshri Deshpande

text: Deshpande made her Bollywood debut in 2012 with a small role in the Aamir Khan starrer "". She then moved to television and appeared in "Kuch Toh Log Kahenge" and "24: India" in 2013. She returned to the big screen with a small role in Salman Khan's "Kick". She also appeared in the Malayalam film "Haram" in 2015, where she had a double role. In Hindi cinema, it was the portrayal of Laxami in Pan Nalin's "Angry Indian Goddesses" that provided her with a bigger platform. The film received the 1st Runner Up – People's Choice Award at the Toronto International Film Festival and the People's Choice Award at the Rome Film Festival. Deshpande played the leading role in Sanal Kumar Shashidharan's film "Sexy Durga" in 2017. The film won the Hivos Toger Award at the Rotterdam Film Festival.


title: Rajshri Deshpande

text: She made her digital debut with BBC One's "McMafia", directed by James Watkins, in January 2018. Deshpande was also seen in the Netflix show "Sacred Games", directed by Anurag Kashyap. In it, she played the character of Subhadra and was praised for her role as the wife of Nawazuddin Siddiqui's character. A scandal arose when she was accused of being a porn star by some viewers, as the show included a nude sex scene. The actress replied that she hadn't done anything wrong. She later portrayed Ismat Chughtai in Nandita Das's "Manto".


title: Rajshri Deshpande

text: Deshpande has devoted time to a number of humanitarian causes. After the 2015 Nepal earthquake, she worked with an international NGO at one of the villages. Also in 2015, she adopted a drought-prone village in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra called Pandhari and organized a rainwater harvesting project, built toilets, conducted health checkups and community motivation camps, and built an eco-sensitive school in the same village. Encouraged by the success and social participation in the first village, she adopted one more village in the region. In 2018, she created the Nabhangan Foundation to broaden her efforts towards sustainable village development. In the past few years, she has been a core member of Citizens for Tomorrow, actress Juhi Chawla's NGO against plastic pollution.


title: C4 model

text: The C4 model is a lean graphical notation technique for modelling the architecture of software systems. It is based on a structural decomposition of a system into containers and components and relies on existing modelling techniques such as the Unified Modelling Language (UML) or Entity Relation Diagrams (ERD) for the more detailed decomposition of the architectural building blocks.


title: C4 model

text: The C4 model was created by the software architect Simon Brown between 2006 and 2011 on the roots of Unified Modelling Language (UML) and the 4+1 architectural view model. The launch of an official website under a Creative Commons license and an article published in 2018 popularised the emerging technique.


title: C4 model

text: The C4 model documents the architecture of a software system, by showing multiple points of view that explain the decomposition of a system into containers and components, the relationship between these elements, and, where appropriate, the relation with its users.


title: C4 model

text: For level 1 to 3, the C4 model uses 5 basic diagramming elements: persons, software systems, containers, components and relationships. The technique is not prescriptive for the layout, shape, colour and style of these elements. Instead, the C4 model recommends using simple diagrams based on nested boxes in order to facilitate interactive collaborative drawing. The technique also promotes good modelling practices such as providing a title and legend on every diagram, and clear unambiguous labelling in order to facilitate the understanding by the intended audience.


title: C4 model

text: The C4 model facilitates collaborative visual architecting and evolutionary architecture in the context of agile teams where more formal documentation methods and up-front architectural design are not desired.


title: CEO compensation among charities in the United Kingdom

text: In the UK, CEOs of charities are compensated for their time, and the data of which is available in the public domain. In comparison to the private sector, the compensation of charity CEOs is generally substantially lower. For example Steve Robertson of the privatised Thames Water, which serves water to 10,000,000 people, received a fixed salary of £745,000 in 2018, with potential bonus of £3,750,000 in 2020. For a public-sector comparison, UK prime minister David Cameron received a salary of £142,500 in 2015.


text: The table below outlines financial data - CEO salaries and turnover figures - where available, of a selection of major charities in the United Kingdom, by capital.


text: The below table shows the inflation-adjusted, equivalent value of 100 British pounds in 2017, for previous years. It is sourced from Bank of England website:


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: Rancho Santa Fe is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, United States, within the San Diego metropolitan area. The population was 3,156 at the 2020 census. The CDP is primarily residential with a few shopping blocks, a middle and elementary school, and several restaurants.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: Rancho Santa Fe borders the Fairbanks Ranch gated community to the southeast and Solana Beach to the southwest.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1841, Rancho San Dieguito, as it was originally named, was a Mexican land grant of from Governor Pío Pico of Alta California to Juan Maria Osuna, the first "alcalde" (mayor) of the Pueblo of San Diego.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1906, the Santa Fe Railway, a subsidiary of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, purchased the entire land grant to plant a Blue gum eucalyptus ("Eucalyptus globulus") tree plantation for use as railroad ties, but the wood proved too soft to hold railroad spikes. The railroad then formed the Santa Fe Land Improvement Company to develop a planned community of country estates, and developed from the original Rancho San Dieguito land grant were renamed "Rancho Santa Fe" in 1922.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1921, architect Lilian Rice, working under Requa and Jackson, was chosen to develop the community's master plan. Rice worked through to 1927, designing, supervising, and constructing the village center, as well as several homes. The basics of the original Lilian Rice land plan are in effect to this day, and the resulting low density high green space community is unique in Southern California.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1923, the Santa Fe Land Company constructed a guest house called "La Morada" to house potential land purchasers. It was renamed in 1941, as "The Inn", when it was purchased by a private owner.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: From 1937 to 1947, Bing Crosby hosted a golf tournament known as the "Bing Crosby Clambake" at the Rancho Santa Fe Country Club. Crosby's golf tournaments, which included Hollywood celebrities matched against professionals, drew great crowds to the area. After 1947, the tournament was moved to Monterey Peninsula, just outside San Francisco.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1989, "The Covenant" of Rancho Santa Fe was registered as California Historical Landmark #982 for its status as a historic planned community.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 1996, the religious cult Heaven's Gate began renting a mansion in Rancho Santa Fe which, in March 1997, became the site of the group's mass suicide.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In 2007, the Witch Fire caused significant damage to Rancho Santa Fe, damaging or destroying over 80 homes.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of . of it is land and of it (1.07%) is water.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Rancho Santa Fe has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The climate of Rancho Santa Fe is, for the most part, typical of the San Diego metropolitan area though its higher elevation and inland location lends itself to larger temperature variations.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: At the 2010 census Rancho Santa Fe had a population of 3,117. The population density was . The racial makeup of Rancho Santa Fe was 2,910 (93.4%) White, 10 (0.3%) African American, 1 (0.0%) Native American, 87 (2.8%) Asian, 4 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 45 (1.4%) from other races, and 60 (1.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 176 people (5.6%).


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: There were 1,195 households, 364 (30.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 848 (71.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 62 (5.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 33 (2.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 23 (1.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 9 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 213 households (17.8%) were one person and 124 (10.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.61. There were 943 families (78.9% of households); the average family size was 2.93.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The age distribution was 724 people (23.2%) under the age of 18, 142 people (4.6%) aged 18 to 24, 332 people (10.7%) aged 25 to 44, 1,178 people (37.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 741 people (23.8%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 51.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: There were 1,391 housing units at an average density of 204.9 per square mile, of the occupied units 1,010 (84.5%) were owner-occupied and 185 (15.5%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.3%. 2,674 people (85.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 443 people (14.2%) lived in rental housing units.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The median household income was $188,859. Males had a median income of over $153,512 versus $71,667 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $125,367. 3.2% of the population and 2.1% of families were below the poverty line. 2.3% under the age of 18 and 9.6% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: At the 2000 census there were 3,252 people in 1,204 households, including 947 families, in the CDP. The population density was 476.2 inhabitants per square mile (183.8/km). There were 1,339 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.33% White, 0.46% African American, 0.15% Native American, 2.77% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.15% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.32%.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: Of the 1,204 households 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.4% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.3% were non-families. 17.9% of households were one person and 11.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.01.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The age distribution was 25.9% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 17.7% from 25 to 44, 33.0% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% 65 or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The median household income was in excess of $200,000, as was the median family income . Males had a median income of over $150,000 versus $86,933 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $113,132; and was the second wealthiest community in the United States. 3.5% of the population and 2.0% of families were below the poverty line. 4.4% under the age of 18 and 5.5% of those 65 and older was living below the poverty line.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: Rancho Santa Fe is a stronghold of the Republican Party in San Diego County. In the 2008 Presidential Election, its voters chose John McCain over Barack Obama with 66.61%, significantly higher than the county-wide average of 43.79%. The community approved of California Proposition 8 with 57.57%, while Proposition 4 passed with 53.06% of the vote.


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: In the United States House of Representatives, Rancho Santa Fe is located in California's 49th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R+1 and is represented by .


title: Rancho Santa Fe, California

text: The public library in Rancho Santa Fe is a branch of the San Diego County Library system, and is open to all California residents. The Rancho Santa Fe Library Guild owns the building and land that house the Rancho Santa Fe Library, as well as providing the staff for the children's room.


title: Energizer

text: Energizer Holdings, Inc. is an American manufacturer and one of the world's largest manufacturers of batteries, headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. It produces batteries under the Energizer, Ray-O-Vac, Varta, and Eveready brand names, and formerly owned a number of personal care businesses until it separated that side of the business into a new company called Edgewell Personal Care in 2015.


title: Energizer

text: In January 2018, Energizer announced it was purchasing the global battery and lighting division from Spectrum Brands, which includes the Ray-O-Vac and Varta brands, for $2 billion in cash. This acquisition was finalized in January 2019 after a lengthy regulatory approval process. In November 2018, Energizer also purchased the global auto care division from Spectrum (brands which include Armor All, STP, and A/C Pro) for $1.25 billion in cash and stock.


title: Energizer

text: The company has its foundation in the Eveready Battery Company, which in 1980 changed the name of its Eveready Alkaline Power Cell to Energizer. In 1986, corporate parent Union Carbide sold Eveready Battery to Ralston Purina. In 2000, Ralston spun off Eveready, and the company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange as Energizer Holdings, Inc.


title: Energizer

text: In 2003 under the leadership of then Chief Executive Officer J. Patrick Mulcahy, Energizer Holdings started expanding into the personal care product sector by buying personal care and razor brand Schick and razor brand Wilkinson Sword from Pfizer.


title: Energizer

text: In 2005, after Hurricane Katrina, Energizer worked with the Red Cross to donate flashlights, batteries, razors and funds to help Hurricane Katrina relief workers and victims. On November 3, 2005, Energizer Holdings Inc. said that higher sales of its Schick razors and blades partially offset lower sales of its batteries in North America. On a constant-currency basis, sales at Energizer rose 4 percent in its fourth quarter.


title: Energizer

text: In October 2007, the company acquired Playtex Products, Inc. for $1.9 billion. The purchase included sunscreen brand Hawaiian Tropic, which Playtex had bought a few months earlier, and Sun Pharmaceuticals Corp., which manufactures the Banana Boat sunscreen products.


title: Energizer

text: In 2010, the company released a new "Energizer Advanced Lithium" line as their top-performing product series.


title: Energizer

text: In October 2010, Energizer announced it was the winning bidder for privately held American Safety Razor in a bankruptcy court auction.


title: Energizer

text: On October 19, 2012 Energizer Holdings said it was withdrawing 23 varieties of its Banana Boat brand of UltraMist spray-on sunscreen lotion from stores due to the risk of it igniting when exposed to fire.


title: Energizer

text: On July 31, 2013, Energizer bought the Stayfree, Carefree and o.b. brands from Johnson & Johnson for $185 million. The purchase was only for the brands in North America – Johnson & Johnson continues to own the brands in all other regions of the world.


title: Energizer

text: On April 30, 2014, Energizer announced that by September 2015 it would separate its two lines of business into two publicly traded companies. The household business, with revenue of $1.9 billion in the latest fiscal year, would have Energizer chairman J. Patrick Mulcahy as its chairman and unit chief Alan Hoskins as CEO, and would sell batteries, flashlights and lamps. The personal care company, whose revenue was $2.6 billion, would have Energizer CEO Ward Klein serving as chairman and current unit head David Hatfield as CEO, and would sell feminine products from Playtex, Carefree, o.b. and Stayfree; shaving products from Schick, Edge, Skintimate and Wilkinson Sword; and suntan products from Hawaiian Tropic and Banana Boat.


title: Energizer

text: In 2016, Energizer acquired HandStands Holding Corporation, a leading designer and marketer of automotive fragrance and appearance products. In 2018, Energizer further expanded its auto care portfolio with the Nu Finish auto appearance brands.


title: Energizer

text: In January 2018, Energizer announced it was purchasing the global battery and lighting division from Spectrum Brands, which includes the Ray-O-Vac and Varta consumer batteries brands, for $2 billion in cash. This acquisition was finalized in January 2019. However, in May of the same year, the EU antitrust authorities ordered the household battery production of the Varta brand to be let go. This was quickly bought by Varta to reunite the brand, though Energizer still holds the VARTA brand for the Latin America and Asia Pacific markets.


title: Energizer

text: , Energizer has six operational facilities in the United States. It also has a manufacturing facility in Singapore since 1946, supplying the Asia and Oceania markets.


title: Energizer

text: Singapore is home to Energizer's largest international plant, which is also the only Energizer facility outside the United States capable of producing alkaline and lithium batteries.


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: Esoteric Christianity is an approach to Christianity which features "secret traditions" that require an initiation to learn or understand. The term "esoteric" was coined in the 17th century and derives from the Greek (, "inner").


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: These spiritual currents share some common features, such as heterodox or heretical Christian theology; the canonical gospels, various apocalyptic literature, and some New Testament apocrypha as sacred texts; and "disciplina arcani", a supposed oral tradition from the Twelve Apostles containing esoteric teachings of Jesus the Christ.


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: Some modern scholars believe that in the early stages of proto-orthodox Christianity, a nucleus of oral teachings were inherited from Palestinian and Hellenistic Judaism. In the 4th century, it was believed to form the basis of a secret oral tradition which came to be called "disciplina arcani". Mainstream theologians, however, believe that it contained only liturgical details and certain other traditions which remain a part of some branches of mainstream Christianity. Important influences on esoteric Christianity are the Christian theologians Clement of Alexandria and Origen, the leading figures of the Catechetical School of Alexandria.


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: A denomination of esoteric Christianity is The Christian Community. It focuses on the experiential aspect of sacraments, with the Eucharist serving as "the Rite of the Consecration of Man".


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: Scholar Jan Shipps describes the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as having esoteric elements.


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: Influenced by the Platonic doctrine of metempsychosis, reincarnation of the soul was accepted by most Gnostic Christian sects such as Valentinianism and the Basilidians, but denied by the proto-orthodox one. While hypothetically considering a complex multiple-world transmigration scheme in "De Principiis", Origen denies reincarnation in his work "Against Celsus" and elsewhere.


title: Esoteric Christianity

text: Despite this apparent contradiction, most modern esoteric Christian movements refer to Origen's writings (along with other Church Fathers and biblical passages) to validate these ideas as part of the esoteric Christian tradition outside of the Gnostic schools, who were later considered heretical in the 3rd century.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn (; Westphalian: "Patterbuorn", also "Paterboärn") is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader and "Born", an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn was founded as a bishopric by Charlemagne in 795, although its official history began in 777 when Charlemagne built a castle near the Pader springs. In 799 Pope Leo III fled his enemies in Rome and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne, and stayed there for three months. It was during this time that it was decided that Charlemagne would be crowned emperor. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Leo in return. In 836, St. Liborius became the patron saint of Paderborn after his bones were moved there from Le Mans by Bishop Badurad. St. Liborius is commemorated in Paderborn every year in July with the Liborifest.


title: Paderborn

text: The bishop of Paderborn, Meinwerk, became a Prince of the Empire in 1100. The bishop had several large buildings built, and the area became a place for the emperors to stay.


title: Paderborn

text: The city was taken by Prussia in 1802, then by the French vassal state Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 and then returned to Prussia.


title: Paderborn

text: Native Friedrich Sertürner, a pharmacist's apprentice in Paderborn, was the first to isolate morphine from opium in 1804.


title: Paderborn

text: During World War II, Paderborn was bombed by Allied aircraft in 1944 and 1945, resulting in 85% destruction, including many of the historic buildings. It was seized by the US 3rd Armored Division after a pitched battle 31 March - 1 April 1945, in which tanks and flamethrowers were used during combined mechanized-infantry assaults against the city's southwestern, southern and southeastern approaches.


title: Paderborn

text: After the city was reconstructed in the 1940s and 1950s, Paderborn became a major industrial seat in Westphalia. The British Army retained a significant presence in the area until 2020, when British units were relocated back to the United Kingdom. Only a small training and enabling staff remain at Paderborn to facilitate temporary deployments to use the Sennelager Training Area.


title: Paderborn

text: On May 20, 2022, Paderborn was hit by a damaging tornado, leaving 38 injured & considerable damage along its path.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn is situated at the source of the river "Pader", approximately east of Lippstadt and approximately south of Bielefeld on the Pader. The hills of the Eggegebirge are located east of the city. Paderborn is east of Dortmund and the Ruhr region. To the north-west, Hannover is away.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn has a population of over 144,000, of which approximately 10% are students at the local university (Paderborn University). Additionally, about 10,000 members or relatives of members of the British armed forces live within Westfalen Garrison, but are not included in the nominal population size.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn is the headquarters of the former Nixdorf Computer AG, which was acquired by Siemens in the early 1990s and known as Siemens-Nixdorf for about ten years. The company is now known as Diebold Nixdorf, which is still located in Paderborn, but Siemens retains a considerable presence in the city.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn is also home of the "Paderborner" brewery, which has belonged to the Warsteiner group since 1990.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn has the largest computer museum in the world, the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum, opened in 1996. From 2001 to 2005, it hosted the .


title: Paderborn

text: The city is known today for its exhibitions in three museums: the "Kaiserpfalz", The Diocesan Museum and the Art Museum - Städtische Galerie. The city also have some natural tourist attractions within and around.


title: Paderborn

text: The current mayor of Paderborn is Michael Dreier of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). The most recent mayoral election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows:


title: Paderborn

text: The Paderborn city council governs the city alongside the Mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows:


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn is nationally known as a center for American Sports. The local baseball team, the Paderborn Untouchables, has won many German championships. The local American Football team, the Paderborn Dolphins, has also enjoyed considerable success. In 2006 the Paderborn Baskets, the home basketball team of the city was promoted to the Bundesliga.


title: Paderborn

text: In the past, the Paderborn Baskets played multiple seasons in the Basketball Bundesliga. They reached the playoffs in the 2008–09 season.


title: Paderborn

text: SC Paderborn 07 is the most successful football club in Paderborn. They were promoted to the Bundesliga, Germany's top flight, in 2019 but relegated back to 2. Bundesliga at the end of the same season.


title: Paderborn

text: The club was formed out of the 1985 merger of FC Paderborn and TuS Schloß Neuhaus as TuS Paderborn-Neuhaus and took on its current, shorter name in 1997, the 07 remembering the link with SV 07 Neuhaus. The Neuhaus club was founded in 1907 as SV 07 Neuhaus which was joined by the local side TuS 1910 Sennelager to become TuS Schloss Neuhaus in 1970. The Neuhaus and Paderborn teams played as tier III sides for most of their histories, as has the unified club. Today Paderborn plays its home matches at the Benteler Arena. In 2015, SC Paderborn were promoted to the Bundesliga for the first time. After relegation in their first season, Paderborn returned to the Bundesliga in 2019 only to be relegated again. Currently (2022) they have achieved comfortable mid-table positions in 2. Bundesliga.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn is located at the Autobahn A 33, which connects Paderborn to the Autobahn A 2 in the north and the Autobahn A 44 in the south.


title: Paderborn

text: The main station is a regular stop for the InterCity on the Hamm–Warburg line and several local trains.


title: Paderborn

text: The Paderborn Lippstadt Airport connects Paderborn to the bigger German airports and offers flights to many locations in Europe. There is a bus shuttle between the airport and the Paderborn main train station. General Aviation and gliders are based at Paderborn-Haxterberg (site of the world gliding championships in 1981).


title: Paderborn

text: In Paderborn there is a bus system served by the "PaderSprinter" for local buses and the "Bahnbus Hochstift" for regional buses.


title: Paderborn

text: Paderborn was once the oldest academic site in Westphalia. In 1614, the University of Paderborn was founded by the Jesuits but was closed in 1819. It was re-founded in 1972 as Universität-Gesamthochschule and transformed into a university in its own right in 2002. Today, it is attended by about 20,000 students.


title: Paderborn

text: There are a number of grammar schools in the city, the most prominent of which are the and , along with others such as the Goerdeler-Gymnasium. There are also a few British primary schools such as John Buchan School, which was located in Sennelager and mainly educated children of British military personnel and the garrison's employees until its closure in 2019.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: Ultraman (stylized as ULTRAMAN) is a Japanese manga series written by Eiichi Shimizu and drawn by Tomohiro Shimoguchi of "Linebarrels of Iron" fame. Published in "Monthly Hero's" since the magazine's inaugural issue. It is part of the "Ultraman" franchise and a manga sequel of the 1966 television series. The series has been collected in 18 "tankōbon" volumes as of April 2022.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: A 3DCG original net animation (ONA) anime adaptation co-produced by Production I.G and Sola Digital Arts was released on Netflix in April 2019. A second season was released in April 2022. A third and final season will be released in 2023.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: Decades have passed since the events of "Ultraman", with the legendary now a memory, as it is believed he returned home after fighting the many giant aliens that invaded the Earth. Shin Hayata's son Shinjiro seems to possess a strange ability, and it is this ability, along with his father's revelation that he was Ultraman, that leads Shinjiro to battle the new aliens invading the Earth as the new Ultraman.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: The series began serialization in the first ever issue of "" magazine, published on November 1, 2011. The magazine ceased publication on October 30, 2020, and the series was transferred to "Comiplex" website, starting publication on November 27, 2020. The first collected tankōbon volume was published on September 8, 2012. In 2014, support videos were streamed at the official YouTube site of "Monthly Hero's", featuring Ruriko Kojima, Takeshi Tsuruno (actor of Shin Asuka from "Ultraman Dyna") and Susumu Kurobe (actor of Shin Hayata from "Ultraman"). The three were even interviewed, as well as reviewing chapter 4 of the manga themselves.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: A portal site for the "Ultraman" manga was announced and launched on October 16, 2014. On May 1, 2015, an alien character design contest was announced for contestants to draw their respective aliens. Winning entries got their characters to appear in volume 7 of "Ultraman". The contest ended and the winning entries were announced on August 3, 2015. The winning entries are the grand prize , goes to and . These aliens made their appearances in Volume 7 as members of the mercenary group the Ace Killer Squad.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: Several tankōbon volumes are also provided with extras, such as soft vinyl figures of Shinjiro's Ultraman Suit in Volume 5, Moroboshi's Ultraman Suit Version 7.2 in Volume 7, and a special edition Volume 8 bundled with a DVD, as well as commentaries, such as in Volume 1 by AKB48 member Sayaka Akimoto, Volume 4 by Hideo Kojima, Volume 5 by Koichi Sakamoto and Volume 9 by Hideo Ishiguro ("Ultraman Orb").


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: On June 23, 2015, Viz Media welcomed the creators of the "Ultraman" manga series, Eiichi Shimizu and Tomohiro Shimoguchi, at the 2015 Comic-Con International: San Diego. Viz Media licensed the series for English language release in North America in February 2015, and the first volume was released on August 18, 2015.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: To celebrate the fourth volume of "Ultraman", "Monthly Hero's" announced the launch of in March 2014, which features the manga itself being partially animated with colors and voice actors. The first release was all six chapters from Volume 1 of the manga, with Ryōhei Kimura was the first cast to be announced and voicing the main character Shinjiro Hayata. Soon, more casts were added as well while the Motion Comic in progress. Two special Motion Comics were bundled alongside a special release of Volume 8 of "Ultraman" manga alongside the "ULTRASINGLES".


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: A single titled as "ULTRASINGLES" was released alongside the special release of Volume 8. The single contains three songs by Maaya Uchida, all of them were sung by her character, Rena Sayama, in the Motion Comic, with the lyrics provided by Eiichi Shimizu. The third single, "Ultlove", was first released in the official YouTube site of "Monthly Hero's" in late December 2015.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: An anime adaptation of the manga was announced in November 2017, which was later revealed to be a 3DCG anime co-produced by Production I.G and Sola Digital Arts. The anime will be co-directed by Kenji Kamiyama and Shinji Aramaki. Nobuko Toda and Kazuma Jinnouchi are composing the music. The series was released on Netflix on April 1, 2019. Oldcodex performed the series' ending theme song "Sight Over The Battle."


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: During the 2019 Annecy International Animated Film Festival, Netflix announced that a second season is in production. The staff are returning to reprise their roles, with the addition of Hiroyuki Uchiyama as series director. A kickoff event for the second season occurred on August 24, 2021. Japanese voice actor Tatsuhisa Suzuki was originally announced to voice the new character, Kotaro Higashi, but eventually stepped down August 2021 after he decided to suspend his activities in voice acting for the time being. Tomoaki Maeno replaced Suzuki for the role. The second season was released on April 14, 2022.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: On January 10, 2020, an "Ultraman" mobile game based on the manga has been announced for released on iOS and Android devices. The game, titled "Ultraman: Be Ultra", launched on Spring 2020 in Japan.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: In the week of June 29 to July 5, 2015, Japanese site Oricon revealed that the Chapter 6 of "Ultraman" was placed at 33rd in a ranking with a total of estimated 26,214 sold copies. From July 6 to 12 of that year, Volume 6's selling was boosted to number with an estimated number of 73,673 copies. On December 28, 2015, to January 3, 2016, the Volume 7 of "Ultraman" was placed 20th rank with an estimated total of 43,969 copies. The ranking dropped to 38 in the week January 4–10 with a total of 68,100 copies. In the week of July 4–10, Volume 8 was ranked 20 with an estimated 41,077 sold. During the 2016 annual Comic-Con International, "Ultraman" is ranked 5th in "Best New Manga for Kids/Teens". In early 2017, Volume 9 was ranked 24th with a total of 59,898 copies.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: The manga sold over 2.4 million copies by 2017. As of 2018, the manga has sold more than 2.8million copies.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: Rebecca Silverman of the Anime News Network reviews volume 1 of the manga and praises Shinjiro for his plot involvements in the storyline, although highlighting that "the timeskip is a bit abrupt, as is Bemular's introduction".


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: On April 30, 2016, a 1:1 scale FRP version of Dan Moroboshi/Ultraman Suit Version 7.2's Spacium Sword was announced to be released at August 2016 and pre-orders were made available at 55,000 Yen (59,400 Yen if tax is included) in Eikoh.


title: Ultraman (manga)

text: In October 2015, an articulated action figure of Shinjiro Hayata in his Ultraman Suit, which was made by a collaboration between Ultra Act (Tsuburaya's own figure line) and S.H. Figuarts. The figure is sold under the price of 6,840 Yen and pre-orders were made from October 23, 2015, while shipping started in May 2016. In 2016, Gecco Corp. produced a 1/6 scale diorama of Shinjiro Hayata in his Ultraman Suit, which has a removable head to switch between either Shinjiro or Ultraman Suit helmet. Another collaboration merchandise was made with Pioneer SE-MX9-K in releasing headphones themed after Shinjiro's Ultraman Suit helmet.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: Peter Llewelyn Davies MC (25 February 1897 – 5 April 1960) was the middle of five sons of Arthur and Sylvia Llewelyn Davies, one of the Llewelyn Davies boys befriended and later informally adopted by J. M. Barrie. Barrie publicly identified him as the source of the name for the title character in his 1904 play "Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up". This public identification as "the original Peter Pan" plagued Davies throughout his life, which ended in suicide.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: He was awarded the Military Cross after serving as an officer in World War I, and in 1926 founded the publishing house Peter Davies Ltd.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: Davies was an infant in a pram when Barrie befriended his older brothers George and Jack during outings in Kensington Gardens, with their nurse Mary Hodgson. Barrie's original description of Peter Pan in "The Little White Bird" (1902) was as a newborn baby who had escaped to Kensington Gardens. However, according to family accounts, his brothers George and Michael served as the primary models for the character as he appeared in the famed stage play (1904) and later novel (1911), as a pre-adolescent boy.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In 1904, the year when Barrie's play, "Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up", debuted at London's Duke of York's Theatre, the Davies family moved out of London and went to live at Egerton House, an Elizabethan mansion house in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire. Their time there lasted only three years; in 1907, Davies's father died of cancer and his mother took Davies and his brothers George, Jack, Michael, and Nico back to London. She too developed cancer and died in 1910. In her will, she named Barrie, the boys' uncles Crompton Llewelyn Davies and Guy du Maurier as well as her mother, Emma, as guardians to her sons. Hodgson continued to serve as nurse and surrogate mother for him and his brothers, with Barrie taking on the duties of the main guardian and supporting them financially.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: Davies volunteered along with his brother George to serve in World War I, and they both received commissions as officers in the King's Royal Rifle Corps in September 1914. He was a signal officer in France and spent time in the trenches; at one point he was hospitalized with impetigo. By March 1918, he had reached the rank of captain and was the adjutant for 7th Battalion KRRC, when the German spring offensive started. Davies took charge of the battalion after their colonel was wounded during a fighting retreat that lasted for 15 days, for which he was awarded the Military Cross; however, he was emotionally scarred by his wartime experience. His brother George was killed at the age of 21 at Ypres in March 1915.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In 1917, while still in the military, Davies met and began to court Hungarian-born Vera Willoughby (a watercolour painter and illustrator, as well as a costume and poster designer), a married woman 27 years older, with a daughter older than he was. He stayed with her when on leave, which scandalized Barrie and caused a rift between the two. His former nurse and mother figure Mary Hodgson disapproved strongly as well. The relationship continued at least through the end of his military service in 1919. In 1926 he published an edition of George Farquhar's "The Recruiting Officer" featuring illustrations by Willoughby.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In 1926, Davies, with financial help from Barrie, founded a publishing house, Peter Davies Ltd, which in 1951 published his cousin Daphne du Maurier's work about their grandfather, illustrator and writer George du Maurier, "The Young George du Maurier: a selection of his letters 1860–67".


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: He married Margaret Leslie Hore-Ruthven, youngest daughter of Maj-Gen Walter Hore-Ruthven, in 1931, and had three sons with her: Ruthven (1933–1998), George (b. 1935) and Peter (1940–1989).


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: He grew to dislike having his name associated with "Peter Pan", which he called "that terrible masterpiece". Upon Barrie's death in 1937, most of his estate and fortune went to his secretary Cynthia Asquith, and the copyright to the Peter Pan works had previously been given in 1929 to Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London. Davies and his surviving brothers each received a legacy. Davies's son Ruthven later told an interviewer:


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: My father had mixed feelings about the whole business of Peter Pan. He accepted that Barrie considered that he was the inspiration for Peter Pan and it was only reasonable that my father should inherit everything from Barrie. That was my father's expectation. It would have recompensed him for the notoriety he had experienced since being linked with Peter Pan—something he hated.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: He assembled and edited family papers and letters into a collection which he called the "Morgue" and completed in 1950.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: On 5 April 1960, after lingering at the bar of the Royal Court Hotel, 63-year-old Davies walked to the nearby Sloane Square station of the London Underground and threw himself under a train as it was pulling into the station. A coroner's jury ruled that he had killed himself "while the balance of his mind was disturbed". Possible contributing factors to his suicide were his alcoholism and ill health (he was suffering from emphysema). Newspaper reports of his death referred to him in their headlines as "Peter Pan".


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In the 1978 BBC mini-series "The Lost Boys", he was portrayed at various ages by Jean-Benoit Louveaux, Matthew Blakstad, Dominic Heath, and Tom Kelly.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In the 2004 film "Finding Neverland", he was portrayed as a child by Freddie Highmore, presenting him as a child troubled by his father's death, who is drawn out of his shell by Barrie; Highmore received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for his performance. In the musical adaptation, he was portrayed by Harry Polden in the 2012 U.K. premiere; Aidan Gemme played Davies in the American Repertory Theater (2014) and original Broadway theatre (2015) productions.


title: Peter Llewelyn Davies

text: In the 2013 play "Peter and Alice" by John Logan, he was portrayed by Ben Whishaw as a troubled individual who had been hurt by his fame and his past.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Haptoglobin (abbreviated as Hp) is the protein that in humans is encoded by the "HP" gene. In blood plasma, haptoglobin binds with high affinity to "free" hemoglobin released from erythrocytes, and thereby inhibits its deleterious oxidative activity. Compared to Hp, hemopexin binds to "free" heme. The haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex will then be removed by the reticuloendothelial system (mostly the spleen).


title: Haptoglobin

text: In clinical settings, the haptoglobin assay is used to screen for and monitor intravascular hemolytic anemia. In intravascular hemolysis, free hemoglobin will be released into circulation and hence haptoglobin will bind the hemoglobin. This causes a decline in haptoglobin levels.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Hemoglobin that has been released into the blood plasma by damaged red blood cells has harmful effects. The "HP" gene encodes a preproprotein that is processed to yield both alpha and beta chains, which subsequently combines as a tetramer to produce haptoglobin. Haptoglobin functions to bind the free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin.


title: Haptoglobin

text: The cellular receptor target of Hp is the monocyte/macrophage scavenger receptor, CD163. Following Hb-Hp binding to CD163, cellular internalization of the complex leads to globin and heme metabolism, which is followed by adaptive changes in antioxidant and iron metabolism pathways and macrophage phenotype polarization.


title: Haptoglobin

text: When hemoglobin is released from RBCs within the physiologic range of haptoglobin, the potential deleterious effects of hemoglobin are prevented. However, during hyper-hemolytic conditions or with chronic hemolysis, haptoglobin is depleted and hemoglobin readily distributes to tissues where it might be exposed to oxidative conditions. In such conditions, heme can be released from ferric (Fe-bound) hemoglobin. The free heme can then accelerate tissue damage by promoting peroxidative reactions and activation of inflammatory cascades. Hemopexin (Hx) is another plasma glycoprotein that is able to bind heme with high affinity. Hemopexin sequesters heme in an inert, non-toxic form and transports it to the liver for catabolism and excretion.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Haptoglobin is produced mostly by hepatic cells but also by other tissues such as skin, lung and kidney. In addition, the haptoglobin gene is expressed in murine and human adipose tissue.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Haptoglobin, in its simplest form, consists of two alpha and two beta chains, connected by disulfide bridges. The chains originate from a common precursor protein, which is proteolytically cleaved during protein synthesis.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Hp exists in two allelic forms in the human population, so-called "Hp1" and "Hp2", the latter one having arisen due to the partial duplication of "Hp1" gene. Three genotypes of Hp, therefore, are found in humans: Hp1-1, Hp2-1, and Hp2-2. Hp of different genotypes have been shown to bind hemoglobin with different affinities, with Hp2-2 being the weakest binder.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Hp has been found in all mammals studied so far, some birds, e.g., cormorant and ostrich but also, in its simpler form, in bony fish, e.g., zebrafish. Hp is absent in at least some amphibians ("Xenopus") and neognathous birds (chicken and goose).


title: Haptoglobin

text: Mutations in this gene or its regulatory regions cause ahaptoglobinemia or hypohaptoglobinemia. This gene has also been linked to diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, inflammatory disease behavior, primary sclerosing cholangitis, susceptibility to idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and a reduced incidence of "Plasmodium falciparum" malaria.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Since the reticuloendothelial system will remove the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex from the body, haptoglobin levels will be decreased in case of intravascular hemolysis or "severe" extravascular hemolysis. In the process of binding to free hemoglobin, haptoglobin sequesters the iron within hemoglobin, preventing iron-utilizing bacteria from benefiting from hemolysis. It is theorized that, because of this, haptoglobin has evolved into an acute-phase protein. HP has a protective influence on the hemolytic kidney.


title: Haptoglobin

text: The different haptoglobin phenotypes differ in their antioxidant, scavenging, and immunomodulatory properties. This aspect of haptoglobin may gain importance in immune suppressed conditions (such as liver cirrhosis) and the various phenotypes may result in different susceptibility levels towards bacterial infections.


title: Haptoglobin

text: Measuring the level of haptoglobin in a patient's blood is ordered whenever a patient exhibits symptoms of anemia, such as pallor, fatigue, or shortness of breath, along with physical signs of hemolysis, such as jaundice or dark-colored urine. The test is also commonly ordered as a hemolytic anemia battery, which also includes a reticulocyte count and a peripheral blood smear. It can also be ordered along with a direct antiglobulin test when a patient is suspected of having a transfusion reaction or symptoms of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Also, it may be ordered in conjunction with a bilirubin.


title: Haptoglobin

text: A decrease in haptoglobin can support a diagnosis of hemolysis, especially when correlated with a decreased hemoglobin, and hematocrit, and also an increased reticulocyte count. Low haptoglobin levels occur regardless of the site and mechanism of haemolysis (intravascular and splenic/"extravascular")


title: Haptoglobin

text: If the reticulocyte count is increased, but the haptoglobin level is normal, this argues against haemolysis, and suggests a bone marrow response to blood loss. If there are symptoms of anemia but both the reticulocyte count and the haptoglobin level are normal, the anemia is most likely not due to hemolysis. Haptoglobin levels that are decreased but do not accompany signs of anemia may indicate advanced liver damage, as the liver is the major site of production of haptoglobin.


title: Haptoglobin

text: As haptoglobin is an acute-phase protein, any inflammatory process (infection, injury, allergy, etc.) may increase the levels of plasma haptoglobin, but patients with haemolysis usually have low haptoglobin regardless of the presence of inflammation


title: Mary Earps

text: Mary Alexandra Earps (born 7 March 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Manchester United in the Women's Super League and the England national team.


title: Mary Earps

text: She previously played for FA WSL clubs Bristol Academy, Birmingham City, Doncaster Belles, and Reading, and in the Bundesliga with VfL Wolfsburg. Earps has represented England at under-17, under-19, and under-23 levels, and won her first senior cap in 2017.


title: Mary Earps

text: In 2009–10 Earps was promoted to Leicester City's first team squad from the centre of excellence, to provide competition for regular goalkeeper Leanne Hall. The following season Earps signed for Nottingham Forest. She was an unused substitute in Forest's penalty shootout defeat by Barnet in the FA Women's Premier League Cup final.


title: Mary Earps

text: Doncaster Rovers Belles signed 18-year-old Earps immediately before the start of the inaugural 2011 season of the FA WSL. Belles manager John Buckley was pleased to secure her services: "She has outstanding potential and a very bright future ahead of her." Earps began to play regularly in the second part of the 2011 season, then joined Coventry City on loan during the off-season.


title: Mary Earps

text: After spending the 2012 season with Doncaster, Earps joined Birmingham City ahead of 2013. In November 2013 she made her UEFA Women's Champions League debut in a 5–2 win over FC Zorky, staged at St Andrew's. The presence of Rebecca Spencer limited Earps's playing time at Birmingham, so she joined Bristol Academy for 2014.


title: Mary Earps

text: When Bristol were relegated at the end of her second season, Earps left to join Reading. In her first season with Reading, Earps won PFA Team of the Year honours.


title: Mary Earps

text: In June 2018, Earps joined defending Bundesliga champions VfL Wolfsburg. She made her debut on 8 September 2018 in a 11–0 win over Hannover 96 in the DFB-Pokal second round. The team won their third consecutive domestic double during the 2018–19 season.


title: Mary Earps

text: On 12 July 2019, after one season in Germany, Earps returned to England to sign for newly promoted Manchester United ahead of the 2019–20 season. Earps made her debut for Manchester United against Manchester City in the FA WSL on 7 September 2019, a 1–0 loss in the inaugural Manchester derby. She kept her first clean sheet for the club on 28 September 2019 in a 2–0 win over Liverpool, the club's first FA WSL victory. On 26 February 2021, Earps signed a new deal with Manchester United until 2023 with the option of a further year.


title: Mary Earps

text: Earps played for England under-19 at the 2012 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship in Antalya, Turkey. She won praise for her performances despite England's group stage exit. In July 2013, Loughborough University student Earps helped Great Britain to a gold medal in the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan, Russia.


title: Mary Earps

text: Following injuries to Karen Bardsley and Rachel Brown-Finnis, England's senior national team gave Earps her first call up for an April 2014 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification match against Montenegro at the Falmer Stadium, Brighton and Hove. She returned to the senior squad in September 2015 for England's 8–0 UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying win in Estonia.


title: Mary Earps

text: In June 2017, Earps was called up to England's training camp for UEFA Women's Euro 2017 as a fourth-choice goalkeeper. On 11 June 2017 she won her first senior cap in a 4–0 friendly win over Switzerland in Biel.


title: Mary Earps

text: On 17 September 2021, Earps was named as the starting goalkeeper in Sarina Wiegman's first game as England manager, her first Lionesses appearance since November 2019. England beat North Macedonia 8–0 as part of 2023 World Cup qualifying. Having remained as Wiegman's first choice goalkeeper starting in eight of her first 11 matches, Earps was included in the England squad for UEFA Women's Euro 2022 in June 2022. She played every minute of all six games during the campaign as England won the Euros for the first time. Earps conceded twice, keeping four clean sheets, the joint-most tied with fellow finalist Merle Frohms of Germany and was named to the Team of the Tournament.


title: Mary Earps

text: Between 2012 and 2016, Earps earned a degree in Information Management and Business Studies from Loughborough University.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: 5 World Trade Center (5 WTC; also referred to as 130 Liberty Street) is a planned skyscraper at the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, New York City. The site is across Liberty Street, to the south of the main World Trade Center site. In February 2021 it was announced the new 5 World Trade Center will be developed in a joint venture between Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties. The proposed building shares its name with the original 5 World Trade Center, which was heavily damaged as a result of the collapse of the North Tower during the September 11 attacks and was later demolished.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: In June 2007, JPMorgan Chase announced plans to develop the building as the headquarters of its investment division, J.P. Morgan & Co. However, after JPMorgan Chase's acquisition of Bear Stearns in March 2008, as the company relocated J.P. Morgan to 383 Madison Avenue. In June 2019, the Port Authority and Lower Manhattan Development Corporation agreed to a joint Request for proposal (RFP) for the site.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: As of February 2021, a new design has been announced for the new 5 World Trade Center to be developed by Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties. The new design calls for a mixed-use tower.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: 5 World Trade Center (5 WTC) was originally a steel-framed nine-story low-rise office building built in 1970–72 at New York City's World Trade Center. The building was designed by Minoru Yamasaki and Emery Roth & Sons. The structure was tall and had a black exterior. It suffered severe damage and partial collapse on its upper floors as a result of the September 11 attacks in 2001. The remaining structure was demolished by the Port Authority in December 2001, making way for reconstruction. The building was L-shaped and occupied the northeast corner of the World Trade Center site. Overall dimensions were , with an average area of per floor. It hosted a police desk.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The Chambers Street and World Trade Center () subway stations were located directly east of the building, and access to the station was available through the lobby. The building's remaining underground concourse space housed The Mall at the World Trade Center. The largest Borders bookstore in New York City spread across three floors of 5 World Trade Center, on the corner of the building adjacent to the intersection of Church and Vesey Street.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: In 1984, artist Joanna Gilman Hyde painted the canvas titled "Self Organizing Galaxy" on the roof of 5 World Trade Center, a temporary art exhibit. It took eight days to paint and was signed on October 10, 1984.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: 5 WTC was the least damaged building of the entire complex. Floors 4–9 suffered partial collapse and/or fire damage as a result of the September 11 attacks, while Floors 1–3 were not damaged. The building's structural integrity on its upper floors were partially compromised due to the impact of steel and other debris from the North Tower. Other collapsed sections were due to fire damage. Portions of internal collapse and burnout were found on upper floors, mainly floors 6–8. The black exterior facade suffered severe fire damage. Floors 5–9 were on fire after the collapse of the South Tower. A section of the fuselage from United Airlines Flight 175 landed on the roof and a plane engine was found in the ninth floor cafeteria. The Borders bookstore was undamaged after both towers collapsed.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The building was demolished by weakening its internal structure and using cables to pull down the rest of the structure, the same way 4 and 6 World Trade Center were demolished. The last standing section of 5 WTC was removed by December 2001.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)/ASCE Building Performance Study Team found that some connections between the structural steel beams failed in the fire. This was most apparent in the collapse of 5 World Trade Center, where the fireproofing did not protect the connections, causing the structure to fail. The structural failure didn't cause the entire building to collapse, as seen after the attacks that the structural skeleton remained intact.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The building was the location of the Survivors' Staircase, which was moved 200 feet along Vesey Street in 2008 to prevent further damage. In 2010, the staircase was placed inside the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, where it resides today.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: 2 World Trade Center will stand at the exact location where the original 5 World Trade Center once stood.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: 5 World Trade Center (5 WTC) was expected to be designed for residential or mixed use in the original master plan for the complex by Daniel Libeskind. The building was to have a height limit of no more than and up to of floor space. Negotiations over the World Trade Center site concluded in April 2006, with private developer Larry Silverstein yielding his right to develop on the site designated for One World Trade Center along with 5 World Trade Center to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey in exchange for assistance in financing Towers 2, 3, and 4.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The Deutsche Bank Building began undergoing deconstruction in March 2007, which was finally completed by 2011. During this time, work along Liberty Street involved preparing the northern quadrant of the site for development. After site preparation work was done, construction began on the Vehicular Security Center and Liberty Park, which are both complete as of 2016.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: On June 22, 2007, the Port Authority announced that JPMorgan Chase will spend $290 million to lease the site until 2011 for construction of a 42-story building. Following JPMorgan Chase's acquisition of Bear Stearns in March 2008, the company announced plans to use Bear Stearns' existing headquarters at 383 Madison Avenue as its new headquarters for J.P. Morgan Investment Bank. The company abandoned plans to occupy a skyscraper at 130 Liberty Street. A proposal to convert the planned office tower into a residential or mixed-use tower was explored instead. On May 1, 2008, deconstruction of the former Deutsche Bank building resumed.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: By May 2009, the Port Authority was seeking to reduce the size of 2 and 3 WTC and postpone the construction of 5 WTC, citing the Great Recession and disagreements with Silverstein. The developer had requested that the Port Authority fund two of the towers, but the agency wanted to provide funding for only one tower. New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg attempted to mediate the dispute with little success. It was proposed in July 2009 to move the planned construction site for the Performing Arts Center to the 130 Liberty Street location, but these plans were later rejected. Also in July 2009, Silverstein wrote a letter to the development's stakeholders, recommending that the dispute go to arbitration. Silverstein officially requested arbitration the next month. He requested that the Port Authority pay $2.7 billion in damages. An arbitration panel ruled in January 2010 that the agency did not owe him any damages. However, the panel also voided a clause that would have forced Silverstein to hand over the towers to Port Authority if they were not completed by 2014.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The Port Authority announced in March 2010 that it had assumed responsibility for the development of 5 World Trade Center, in addition to One World Trade Center, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, the transportation hub, and other site infrastructure. Towers 2, 3, and 4 would continue to be developed by Silverstein Properties. Later that year, New York University had expressed interest in expanding to 5 World Trade Center as part of its NYU 2031 program. These plans were also eventually rejected.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The deconstruction of the Deutsche Bank Building was completed in February 2011, and construction of another World Trade Center project, the Vehicular Security Center and Tour Bus Parking Facilities began. Development of the site was officially given to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. On September 1, 2011, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began construction to incorporate the site into the new WTC development, acting as its developer.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: Governor Andrew Cuomo signed an agreement in October 2011 to rebuild the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church in Liberty Park. The church would be located adjacent to the future Liberty Park, which would be built on top of the Vehicular Security Center. That December, Phase 2 construction of the South bathtub, located on the site of 130 Liberty Street, continued with the excavation and concrete placement. By mid-2013, the ground was prepared for construction. A walkway that is next to the site of 5 WTC would be constructed into a supermarket. By 2014, the ground had been transformed into parking spaces for vehicles belonging to the Port Authority Police Department (PAPD). According to the agency, this usage of the site is only temporary.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: In June 2019 a joint RFP was issued following a deal between Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation with the agencies to split the proceeds. In November 2019 a possible partnership between Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties was reported to develop the site. In February 2021 that partnership was confirmed and a new design unveiled with construction slated to begin in 2023.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: The original design for the tower was by Kohn Pedersen Fox, and called for a 42-story building with a seven-floor cantilevered section starting at the 12th floor. This section of the building would have housed JPMorgan Chase's large trading floors, rising above the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, and would be taller than 7 World Trade Center. As of September 2013, the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation and Port Authority were actively marketing the site, but had not released any information about the building.


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: In June 2018, "New York YIMBY" reported on a new design for the tower, after rendering was spotted on a fence surrounding the construction site, hinting an announcement from the Port Authority may be coming soon. According to the article, it is "a glassy building with a triangular motif reminiscent of the David Childs-designed 1 WTC. The depiction is roughly 70 stories in height, which could indicate yet another supertall is planned for the area."


title: 5 World Trade Center

text: In February 2021, a new design was announced for the new 5 World Trade Center to be developed by Silverstein Properties and Brookfield Properties. The new design calls for a tall mixed use tower rising 80 stories. The tower will consist mainly of of residential space spread over 69 floors, numbering 1,325 units, with 25 percent or roughly 330 units of the apartments being set aside for permanent affordable housing. The base of the tower will include the lobbies, of retail, of public amenity space spread across 2 floors, a floor with of public space and of office space spread across 6 floors. Construction is scheduled to begin in 2023 and finish by 2028.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet is the 2014 debut science fiction novel by Becky Chambers, set in her fictional universe the Galactic Commons. Chambers originally self-published it via a Kickstarter campaign; it was subsequently re-published by Hodder & Stoughton.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: Fleeing her old life, Rosemary Harper joins the multi-species crew of the "Wayfarer" as a file clerk, and follows them on their various missions throughout the galaxy. The novel concerns itself with character development rather than adventure. Each member of the crew has a story that unfolds, or a crisis to face. They encounter several alien environments on the slow path to their destination. At the end, the ship is damaged by hostile aliens, precipitating changes in the relationships between the characters, setting them on new paths.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: In 2012, Becky Chambers started a crowdfunding campaign on Kickstarter, hoping to raise $2,500 so that she could work half-time two months to finish the book. She stated her intent to find a regular publisher, but noted that self-publication would be a fallback option.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: At the end of February 2013, she announced the book's completion, and acquired a literary agent; the book was published by Hodder & Stoughton in 2015.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: The book was shortlisted for the 2016 Arthur C. Clarke Award, and earned Chambers a nomination for the British Fantasy Awards' 2016 "Sydney James Bounds Award for Best Newcomer". It was the first self-published novel to be shortlisted for the Kitschies Golden Tentacle for Best Debut Novel.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: "The Guardian" called it "a quietly profound, humane tour de force that tackles politics and gender issues with refreshing optimism". Io9 considered it to be "exciting, adventurous, and ... cozy", and comparable to "the best space opera universes".


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: Adam Roberts felt that it was "a huge amount of space-opera-y fun, with some interestingly nuanced perspectives on gender woven into the whole", while James Nicoll observed that although the setting was evocative of the Traveller roleplaying game, he was "more strongly reminded of James Tiptree, Jr.'s short story "And I Awoke and Found Me Here on the Cold Hill's Side" … that is, if James Tiptree, Jr. instead of being relentlessly, inexorably depressing, had been a cheerful optimist." "Strange Horizons" Linda Wilson commended Chambers for portraying naturalistic conversation and exposition, and for the relationships between characters.


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: At the "Financial Times", James Lovegrove described it as "SF for the Tumblr generation, a feel-good tale of non-conformity, gender fluidity, multiculturalism and unorthodox sexual relationships", and "perfectly pleasant", but faulted it for "somewhat lacking ... dramatic tension".


title: The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

text: Similarly, "Locus"s Adrienne Martini stated that although the novel's opening was "catnip for space opera fans", and although she felt that readers will "love these characters and the exquisitely developed universe they inhabit", ultimately "nothing much happens" until the last 40 pages; Martini emphasized, however, that the novel is worth reading because of its characters and worldbuilding. At Tor.com, Niall Alexander noted that although it is not a "balls-to-the-wall blockbuster", and although it has a "simplistic plot (that) can't compete with either the depth and complexity of Chambers' cast of characters or the sense of wonder suggested by her stellar setting," it is nonetheless a "delight" and a "genuine joy"; ultimately, Alexander concluded, the novel "isn't really about the eponymous angry planet—it's about the long way there."


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: Steven Haworth (born 23 January 1976), better known by his ring name Nigel McGuinness, is an English actor, professional wrestling commentator and retired professional wrestler.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: He is best known for his time with WWE where he worked as a color commentator for "NXT", "NXT UK" and "NXT Level Up". As a wrestler, he is known for his work with Ring of Honor (ROH) in the United States and Pro Wrestling Noah in Japan. He held the ROH Pure Championship for a record 350 days and is a former ROH World Champion, holding the title for 545 days.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: From October 2009 to June 2011, Haworth wrestled for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring name Desmond Wolfe. This was his last run as an in-ring performer. He returned to ROH in August 2011 as a colour commentator and retired from in-ring performing on 17 December 2011. He left ROH in December 2016 and signed with WWE soon after, working as a commentator for "NXT" and "NXT UK".


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: Steven Haworth was born in London on 23 January 1976. He grew up in Staplehurst, Kent, where he attended Maidstone Grammar School. He was a wrestling fan from the age of 12, particularly enjoying The Hart Foundation and British Bulldogs, and attended SummerSlam in 1992 while wearing The Ultimate Warrior face paint. He studied at the University of Leicester in the 1990s and spent a sandwich year at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio, graduating in 1997 with a in chemistry.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: In September 1998, Haworth began training under Les Thatcher in the Heartland Wrestling Association (HWA) in Cincinnati, Ohio, incurring large debts in the process. After debuting in September 1999, working under the ring name Nigel McGuinness and defeating GQ Masters III in a match that was featured on ABC's "20/20", he spent a year wrestling in the mid west. Haworth returned to England, where he worked two full-time jobs to earn enough money to be able to return to the United States to wrestle and wrestled for All Star promotions between September and December 2001, where he learned from wrestlers such as Robbie Brookside.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: McGuinness developed a heel character which he described as "a punk rock soccer hooligan... Billy Idol meets Johnny Saint".


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: On 10 July 2001, McGuinness defeated Dean Jablonski in a singles match with the HWA Tag Team Championship on the line (the co-holder of the title, Chet Jablonski, was indisposed), claiming the title for himself and his partner, The Human Time Bomb. McGuinness and The Bomb held the title until 7 August, when the Jablonski brothers regained the title. McGuinness and The Bomb would become champions for a second time on 23 July 2002, defeating the Jablonski brothers once more. They lost the title to Southern Breeze later that year.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: In 2003, McGuinness introduced the HWA European Championship to HWA. He held the title until 30 September 2003, when he lost to Hoss. He regained the title on 4 November and promptly retired it.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: McGuinness won the HWA Heavyweight Championship on 6 September 2003 in Batavia, Ohio, defeating Chad Collyer, He held the title until 3 January 2004, when he lost the title to Hoss. McGuinness defeated Hoss to begin a second reign with the title on 6 January, and held it until 17 March 2004, when he lost to El Temor.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: McGuinness debuted in Ring of Honor (ROH) on 9 August 2003, defeating Chet Jablonski. He wrestled for ROH throughout 2004, but had limited success. In March 2005, McGuinness and Colt Cabana teamed together to challenge for the ROH Tag Team Championship, but lost to the incumbents, Dan Maff and B. J. Whitmer. Cabana and McGuinness then began fighting one another, with McGuinness defeating Cabana on 7 May 2005, with an accidental low blow for a shot at the ROH Pure Championship. He challenged the champion, Samoa Joe, on 12 June 2005, but was defeated. He faced Joe once more on 27 August, and defeated him to win the Pure Championship.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: After becoming champion, McGuinness turned heel and for several months was engaged in a feud with Claudio Castagnoli, instigated by a non-title match on 14 October where Castagnoli was able to use his knowledge of McGuinness's European wrestling style to score a pinfall on the champion. This led to a series of matches for the title, with McGuinness using underhanded tactics to avoid losing the championship belt. On 25 March 2006, McGuinness defeated Castagnoli in a match billed as the latter's last chance to win the championship as long as McGuinness was champion.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: During his Pure Championship run, McGuinness regularly carried an iron (decorated with the Union Jack) to ringside. When asked, the typical story given was that a group of men once broke into his home to attack him, but he was able to defend himself with the iron. In reality, he began carrying the iron after a girlfriend's mother asked him why some wrestlers carried weapons to ringside, and then inquired as to whether anyone had ever carried an iron before. He would often use the iron as a weapon to win his matches.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: McGuinness also had a malapropistic gimmick in ROH of mispronouncing words. An example would be at "Survival of the Fittest 2005" in Dorchester, Massachusetts, when he said the fans appreciated him as much as "their beloved Boston Red Stockings".


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: During the rest of 2006, McGuinness was mostly uninvolved in the war between ROH and Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), instead developing a new gimmick where he would win his matches by countout by using (often unfair) methods of preventing opponents from returning to the ring. McGuinness received a shot at the ROH World Championship against Bryan Danielson with his own Pure Championship on the line and contested under pure wrestling rules on 29 April. McGuinness again won by countout, by which only the Pure title could be won, but not Danielson's World title. The victory was enough to earn a rematch under regular rules on 29 July, in which Danielson narrowly managed to retain his title. A month later in Liverpool, England, ROH arranged a unification match between the two titles and guaranteed there would be a winner, with both titles able to change hands due to countout or disqualification under pure wrestling rules. McGuinness lost the match on 12 August and the Pure Championship was unified and retired. McGuinness reign of 350 days is the longest in the two-year history of the Pure Championship. After the match, Danielson offered McGuinness one more shot at the unified ROH World Championship and on 25 August the two of them wrestled a two-out-of-three-falls match to a 60-minute time limit and as a result McGuinness could no longer challenge for the title as long as Danielson was the champion. After the match, Danielson recognised McGuinness' efforts and gave him the now retired Pure Championship belt as a trophy.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: After losing the Pure Championship, McGuinness, now a face, challenged for Pro Wrestling Noah's GHC Heavyweight Championship on 16 September 2006, at ROH's "Glory by Honor V – Night 2", but was defeated by the defending champion Naomichi Marufuji. The rest of the year saw McGuinness feuding with Jimmy Rave, who, using his new submission manoeuvre, the "Heel Hook" (a single leg Boston crab and twisting ankle lock combination), forced him to tap out on two separate occasions, first on 8 December 2006, at "The Chicago Spectacular Night 1" and then on 23 December 2006, at "Final Battle 2006". Rave followed that up with another victory over McGuinness on 27 January 2007, this time in an "I Quit" match, which he won via referee stoppage. In February, McGuinness began acting as a representative of NOAH and as a spokesperson and tag team partner of NOAH talent Takeshi Morishima, upon his arrival to the company. On 4 March in Liverpool, McGuinness ended his feud with Jimmy Rave by defeating him with a "Rebound" "Lariat", which in storyline resulted in Rave suffering a broken jaw and earned the move the new name of "Jawbreaker Lariat", when in reality Rave had broken his jaw a month earlier. McGuinness' next feud would be with Chris Hero, who had dubbed himself the best pure wrestler in the world. During this feud McGuinness also received two shots at the ROH World Championship, on 14 April and 16 July, but was both times defeated by champion Takeshi Morishima. On 23 June, McGuinness defeated Hero in a 30-minute time limit match, but Hero came back on 10 August and defeated McGuinness with help from his agent Larry Sweeney and the Sweet 'n' Sour Inc. in a match contested under pure wrestling rules.


title: Nigel McGuinness

text: On 15 September 2007, at Man Up, ROH's third pay-per-view, McGuinness defeated Chris Hero, Claudio Castagnoli and Naomichi Marufuji in a four-way match to earn one more shot at Takeshi Morishima's ROH World Championship, which McGuinness won at Undeniable on 6 October 2007.