title: End SARS

text: After the aftermath of End SARS protest, End SARS Activists announced that there would be a memorial to mark the Lekki Shootings. On 19 October 2021, Mr Macaroni and Falz announced that the protest will be carried out by cars in accordance with the message by the Lagos State Police force which prohibited any form of protest. The protest took place mostly in Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt among others.


title: End SARS

text: On Saturday, 10 October 2020, the #EndSARS protest started from the Ekiugbo section of Ughelli, Delta State, went through the Ughelli Market, Ughelli Area Command and Isoko Road. The protests led to traffic gridlocks at the Ughelli-Patani section of the East-West Road. However, at Otovwodo Junction, fracas ensued as the peaceful protest assumed took another turn when hoodlums, motorcycle rider and others joined the youths. A police officer, Corporal Etaga Stanley of 'A' Division, Ughelli was disarmed, killed and his weapon and ammunition taken.


title: End SARS

text: On Wednesday, 14 October 2020, young people in Effurun and Warri, Delta State joined in the protests.


title: End SARS

text: On Saturday, 10 October 2020, hundreds of young people gathered at Ekwueme Square, Awka in the morning hours and peacefully marched past the Eke Awka market, and through the major streets of the town with placards. SARS Awkuzu which is well known for human rights abuses is located in Anambra State. The protests continued in Onitsha, the commercial nerve centre of Anambra State on Monday, 12 October, with protesters demanding that SARS be completely disbanded.


title: End SARS

text: Protests continued in Awka on Wednesday, 14 October 2020 with protesters demanding for a total reform of the Nigerian Police Force.


title: End SARS

text: On Friday, 16 October 2020, #EndSARS protesters including popular musicians and Anambra indigenes Phyno, Flavour, KCee, MasterKraft, marched from Awka, the state capital to Awkuzu town, where the dreaded SARS unit is situated, calling for the total shutdown of the office. The peaceful protesters were shot at by the officers of the supposedly dissolved SARS.


title: End SARS

text: A similar protest was held simultaneously in Umuahia, capital of Abia State, by other youths in the state. They visited the police headquarters on Bende Road and Abịa State House of Assembly as well as the Abia Government House.


title: End SARS

text: In Aba, the state's commercial nerve centre, youths took to the streets protesting police brutality on citizens.


title: End SARS

text: In a statement on his Twitter handle, the governor said: "I have taken note of the peaceful protests tagged #EndSARS and wish to assure Abịa youth and the general public that we will take up their concerns and ensure that your voices are heard at the right quarters."


title: End SARS

text: On Thursday 8 October 2020 the campaigners against the excesses of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), the police squad known for its human rights abuses and extrajudicial killings marched peacefully through some streets of Ilorin, Kwara state capital, demanding outright ban of operations of SARS by the Nigeria Police. On 12 October 2020, protesters surrounded the Kwara State government house where on behalf of Governor AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq, the Deputy Governor, Kayode Alabi, assured that their complaints have been heard.


title: End SARS

text: On Monday, 12 October 2020, protesters in Osogbo, Osun State took to the streets of the capital town to protest against SARS with placards demanding that the squad be disbanded. The protests which took off from Olaiya junction and moved to the State House of Assembly caused traffic disruptions at the gate of government house, Osogbo as the protesters demanded that the Governor address them.


title: End SARS

text: Aggrieved Nigerians in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, on Tuesday 13 2020, took to the streets of Port Harcourt, Rivers state capital, to protest against police brutality in defiance to the directive of the State Governor Ezenwo Nyesom Wike who had earlier issued a statement to the general public that all forms of protests have been banned throughout the State. The state governor, having observed this defiance by the protesters, joined them in solidarity, citing how Rivers State citizens had suffered so much police brutality carried out by members of SARS.


title: End SARS

text: Fifteen #EndSARS protestors were arrested in Ogun State. While others were released, three of the protesters; Adeniji Sodiq, Mutairu Faruq and Olatoye Joseph, who were arrested at the palace of the king of Owu on Friday, 9 October 2020 were charged for murder by the police. After review of all evidence and as recommended by the Ogun State Attorney General, the Governor, Dapo Abiodun gave orders for their release as the charges against the protesters were withdrawn. At Akute/Ajuwon/Agbole axis, Ogun State, Femi Kuti an Afrobeat musician, the son of late music icon Fela Kuti joined the protests and helped to stop many protesters from being arrested


title: End SARS

text: On Tuesday, 13 October 2020, hundreds of protesters from different parts of Enugu State with placards denouncing and asking for the end to SARS, police brutality, extortion and harassment converged and moved from Okpara Square, Enugu to the Criminal Investigation Department where they submitted the five demands of the EndSARS protests. They were joined by musicians, Chinedu Izuchukwu Okoli known as Flavour, Chibuzor Nelson Azubuike, popularly known as Phyno and Zoro, a rapper. The protestors were later joined by the Deputy Governor of the State, Lolo Cecilia Ezeilo.


title: End SARS

text: On Tuesday, 13 October 2020, hundreds of protesters in Abakiliki, capital of Ebonyi State took to the streets with placards demanding an end to police brutality and the prosecution of guilty officers.


title: End SARS

text: The #EndSARS protest in Benin City turned violent on Friday, 16 October 2020 as the protesters that gathered at the Edo State House of Assembly got attacked with stones and bullets by suspected thugs who claimed that the protesters disturbed their daily businesses. Two protesters were killed and many were injured in the attack.


title: End SARS

text: The protesters, in retaliation, took the fight back to where the thugs converged at the museum ground in King's Square (Ring Road) where they engaged in a brawl. The activities of the protesters left the Ring Road deserted due to fear of possible escalation of violence as motorists sought for alternative routes to their destination.


title: End SARS

text: The Edo State governor, Godwin Obaseki, condemned the attack on the #EndSARS protesters in Benin City by unidentified hoodlums. He stated that a thorough investigation would be effected immediately to bring the culprits to justice. In a statement, the governor commissioned the Edo State police command to come out fully and provide appropriate security to the protesters, as they were exercising their rights as concerned citizens of Nigeria.


title: End SARS

text: According to him, "I have just learnt that hoodlums have attacked #EndSARS protesters, who have conducted themselves peacefully in Benin City. I extend condolences to the victims of the attacks, including those who lost their lives and others who were injured by the thugs. It is disheartening that anyone would attack a peaceful assembly of young people who are expressing genuine concerns over police brutality and intimidation in their own country. I hereby call on the Edo State Police Command to get out on the streets and provide adequate security for the protesters and ensure that no one is harassed in the course of exercising their rights."


title: End SARS

text: On 19 October 2020, news broke that "hoodlums" had stormed the correctional center in Edo state to free jailed inmates as part of the End SARS movement demands.


title: End SARS

text: Jos, the capital of Plateau State saw youths in their number storm the city centre demanding the disbandment of the newly created Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) police unit by the Inspector General of Police (IG), Mohammed Adamu.


title: End SARS

text: The protesters called on President Muhammadu Buhari and the Police Service Commission (PSC) to overhaul the entire Nigerian Police Force.


title: End SARS

text: Displaying placards with various inscriptions such as #EndSARS; #EndSWAT; "We don’t want SWAT"; "There’s no difference between SWAT and SARS"; "We want complete and total overhaul of all security apparatus in the country", the youths stormed the Plateau State House of Assembly, The Plateau State Government House and other major streets in the city, calling on the state and federal government and the Nigerian Police Force to take action over the spate of extrajudicial killings by the operatives of the Nigerian Police. Placing it in context of the state, they called on the government to look into the general issues of insecurity in Plateau State among other neighbouring states.


title: End SARS

text: On Tuesday 20 October 2020, while protest was going on, thugs hauled the Jos city biggest market, Terminus, where they burned cars, hauled shops and attacked unarmed #EndSARS protesters.


title: End SARS

text: In Imo State, the protests started within the same date as other major states in Nigeria. It became more of destruction of police stations and violent protests after its peaceful beginning. Police stations were burnt in Orlu, Orji and Nworieubi. Soldiers were also killed too, but those reports were few. The violence escalated to an extent that it became dangerous to come out on the streets.


title: End SARS

text: The on-going #EndSARS protests have been sustained by voluntary donations made by Nigerian citizens and the international community. There were voluntary donations of food items, water and professional services by lawyers and doctors for protesters. Donations also came from local tech start-ups whose young male workers were constantly harassed by SARS and profiled as internet fraudsters because of laptops usually found in their possession.


title: End SARS

text: International demonstrations were organised by the Nigerian diaspora in Europe, the Americas, Oceania, and elsewhere in Africa. Many Nigerian and Nigerian diaspora celebrities gave supportive statements on social media and took part in protests, while demonstrators pledged to continue until the demands were met.


title: End SARS

text: On Monday, 12 October 2020, Nigerians living in the Waterloo Region of Ontario organised a peaceful demonstration in support of the #EndSARs movement. The group gathered in the Waterloo Public Square chanting "What do we want? End SARS!"


title: End SARS

text: On Friday, 23 October, Nigerians and German sympathizers organized a demonstration of several hundred participants in support of the #ENDSARS movement in Stuttgart.


title: End SARS

text: On Wednesday, 22 October 2020, Nigerians, friends of Nigeria and Social Justice flooded the streets of Budapest in support of the #EndSARS protest in Nigeria. The Association of Nigerians in Hungary was led by Frederick Odorige the President, Precious Amaewhule, the Public Relations Officer, Felix Yellowee the Financial Secretary, Favour Opara, Fafore Adebowale and others. Protesters met in front of the Hungarian parliament by 10 a.m. and marched under police escort to the Office of the European Union where they submitted a letter requesting EU visa travel ban on some Nigerian politicians and heads of the Police and Army responsible for the killing of peaceful protesters and attack on the rights of the Nigerian people who demanded an end to police brutality.


title: End SARS

text: They later moved from there to the Nigerian embassy where they were received by Ambassador Eniola Ajayi. Odorige addressed the protesters and the embassy staff on the embarrassment of Nigerians in diaspora due to the actions of the Nigerian government back home and the senseless killing of armless and law-abiding protesters by the Nigerian Army and Police. The protesters openly called for the resignation of President Muhammadu Buhari and the sack of the Inspector General of Police, Mohammed Adamu and the Chief of Army Staff, Tukur Yusuf Buratai. A letter was presented to the Ambassador who also addressed the protesters.


title: End SARS

text: On Sunday, 11 October 2020, Nigerians in Dublin gathered in front of the Nigerian Embassy to show solidarity with the #EndSARS protests in Nigeria. They denounced police brutality and SARS.


title: End SARS

text: On Sunday 11 October 2020, Ayodeji Ibrahim Balogun, a popular Nigerian singer known as Wizkid, Dr Dipo Awojide and many other Nigerians led a protest in support of the EndSARS protest at the Nigeria High Commission, Thai Square, London. It has been reported that Wizkid has called out the Nigerian president Muhammadu Buhari on Twitter over his silence on scrapping the notorious police unit.


title: End SARS

text: On Saturday 17 October 2020, Nigerians and other supporters organised a peaceful demonstration in Moston, Manchester, UK, in support of the #EndSARs movement.


title: End SARS

text: On Sunday, 11 October 2020, young Nigerians in New York converged at the Nigerian Consulate General in Midtown to protest against SARS. They shared their experiences with SARS while in Nigeria and asked that the outfit be totally disbanded so that young people can move freely without being profiled as criminals because of their dressing, accent or the type of vehicle they use.


title: End SARS

text: On Sunday, 18 October 2020, Nigerians and other supporters organised a peaceful demonstration at Southfield in support of the #EndSARs movement.


title: End SARS

text: On Sunday, 25 October 2020, Nigerians in Diaspora and other supporters organised a peaceful demonstration at Ohio State House, Columbus in support of the #EndSARs movement.


title: End SARS

text: Protest ensued in Pretoria, South Africa on the 21st of October 2020 in solidarity with the protests that were going on in Nigeria and other parts of the world against the oppressive treatment of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS). Hundreds of Nigerian Nationals in black t-shirts and colors of the Nigerian flag, demonstrated towards the Nigerian Embassy condemning the brutality of SARS and the corrupt leadership in Nigeria. According to one of the protesters, "There has been a lot of unlawful killings in Nigeria and brutality from the police and army. Now the youth has woken up and we’re saying they should stop killing us,"


title: End SARS

text: Also in Cape Town, protesters came together in front of the parliament building to express how they felt about the dysfunctionality of the Nigerian government as the police force appointed to protect the citizens were the same set of people killing them and extorting from them for no just cause.


title: End SARS

text: The 2020 EndSARS protest was largely effective due to the use of digital technology, particularly the internet. Nigerian youths tagged the 'soro soke' generation started the protest from Twitter before taking it to the streets. 'Soro soke' is a Yoruba phrase which means 'speak louder'. It was used on social media and offline to encourage people to speak up in protest.


title: End SARS

text: On 9 October 2020, the #EndSARS hashtag trended globally on social media. A report analysis showed that the online protest was responsible for 48 million mentions and Tweets from 5 million unique authors on Twitter between 5 October and 14 October 2020. EndSARS protests, which started 8 October 2020, are still ongoing in major cities across the country and have attracted international mainstream media attention. It brought to the consciousness of the global world the injustice meted out on the Nigerian youth by SARS men and kept the Nigerian government on their tiptoes in a never seen before fashion.


title: End SARS

text: The campaign has witnessed reactions on social media from international celebrities such as Cardi B, Beyonce, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Rihanna, Trey Songz, Big Sean, Jidenna, John Boyega, Kanye West, Drake, Diddy, Lewis Hamilton, among others, including footballers, Marcus Rashford, Odion Ighalo, and Mesut Ozil.


title: End SARS

text: The EndSARS protest was endorsed by Jack Dorsey, the C.E.O of Twitter with a unique emoji, and he promoted donations for the protest using Bitcoin


title: End SARS

text: With the news that SARS had been disbanded, Nigerians took the news with a grain of salt and carried on with pressing their demands for total disengagement of the unit and wide-ranging reform of the force. The hashtag on social media changed from #EndSARS to #SARSMustEnd! With the announcement of a new unit, Special Weapons and Tactics Team (SWAT), by the Nigerian Police to replace SARS, the hashtag for the protests quickly changed to #EndSWAT on Twitter. EndSWAT also trended.


title: End SARS

text: On Thursday, 15 October 2020, Google Africa made a statement on its Twitter handle in support of the End SARS protests condemning police intimidation, oppression, and brutality while urging the government to speedily intervene and resolve the crisis.


title: End SARS

text: Although the protest was cut short untimely on 20 October 2020 due to the Lekki Toll Gate Shooting, it lasted that long due to the internet. Mobilization of protesters, communication, and real-time updates took place via social media. Equally, funds to keep the protest going were raised on the internet. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) initially ordered banks to freeze about 20 accounts linked to the protest fundraising, but cryptocurrency soon became an option. With the help of the Feminists Coalition, which was at the forefront of fundraising for the protest, about N87.4 million was raised. They disbursed funds for mental health support, security on protest grounds, medical emergency response, and relief for victims of SARS brutality and families of victims of extrajudicial killings.


title: End SARS

text: EndSARS Legal aid led by Modupe Odele created a network of over 400 volunteer lawyers across Nigeria, representing illegally detained protesters. Nigerians and certain brands donated food, drinks, nose masks, and sometimes raincoats after calls were made on social media. The EndSARS Online Radio provided entertainment when needed and communication for youth protesting from remote places. Protesters were also connected to safe spaces to hide when there is chaos via the internet. And this is not forgetting that petitions played a huge role in getting the attention of international bodies, and they were signed on the internet.


title: End SARS

text: Many celebrities and Black Lives Matter activists wrote letters directed to President Buhari demanding justice for and the humane treatment of Nigerian people during the protests. Buhari was also urged to free jailed protestors. A letter organised by the Black Lives Matter co-founder Opal Tometi was signed by celebrities Alicia Keys, Donald Glover, Mark Ruffalo, and Kerry Washington, activist Greta Thunberg, as well as writers Reni Eddo-Lodge, Naomi Klein, and Afua Hirsch.


title: End SARS

text: “The Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) of the Nigeria Police Force was dissolved with immediate effect", a statement from the office of the president, Muhammadu Buhari. The Lagos State Government through the office of the Governor, Babajide Sanwolu denied any involvement or alleged massacre at the Lekki toll gate. However, the Nigerian Army, claimed to be invited by the Lagos State Government, but never shoot at protesters or using live ammunitions. The Lagos State Government on the 19th of October, 2020 setup a four man Judiciary Panel Committee led by Lagos State Attorney-General and Commissioner for Justice, Mr. Moyosore Onigbanjo (SAN), Other members of the committee are; Commissioner for Youths and Social Development, Mr. Segun Dawodu; Special Adviser, Works and Infrastructure, Engr. (Mrs) Aramide Adeyoye and Permanent Secretary, Cabinet Office, Mrs. Tolani Oshodi. The committee was to look into the activities of SARS, the panel was also saddled with the investigation of the shootings that took place on October 20, 2020, at the Lekki Tollgate. The Panel presented a white paper on the 0th of November, 2021. Although, some prominent Nigerians like Femi Falana (SAN) and Festus Keyamo (SAN) challenge the constitutional legality of the panel.


title: 1993 NFL Draft

text: The 1993 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 25–26, 1993, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. No teams chose to claim any players in the supplemental draft that year, but the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs forfeited their first and second round picks, respectively, due to selecting quarterback Dave Brown and defensive end Darren Mickell in the 1992 supplemental draft.


title: 1993 NFL Draft

text: With the first overall pick of the draft, the New England Patriots selected quarterback Drew Bledsoe.


title: 1993 NFL Draft

text: In the explanations below, (D) denotes trades that took place during the 1993 Draft, while (PD) indicates trades completed pre-draft.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Eric Tsang Chi-wai (; born 14 April 1954) is a Hong Kong actor, film director, producer, and television host, best known for hosting the variety show "Super Trio series" on the Hong Kong television network TVB over 18 years. He currently holds the general manager post at TVB.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang is a Hakka of Wuhua ancestry. His father, Tsang Kai-wing, was a former football coach and player, then served in the Royal Hong Kong Police Force from 1940 to 1972. He fled to Taiwan to escape from the Independent Commission Against Corruption in 1976 after being convicted of corruption and sentenced to three years in jail, while still free pending an appeal. In 2001, the Department of Justice seized his house in La Salle Road and later auctioned it for HK$4.35 million after 10 years of civil proceedings. Tsang Kai-wing died in Taiwan in 2011 with his son Eric and other family members around him.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang began his show business career as a stuntman. Due to his popularity, Tsang is often the master of ceremonies (MC) in events organised by the Hong Kong television network TVB; due to him being the main host of the variety show Super Trio series, he was nicknamed "Prize Master" (), his title in the show. In the 1980s and 1990s, he made parody comedy cassette tapes with songwriter, actor, and comedian Andrew Lam Man Chung. Tsang's singing vocal range is a tenor with no falsetto.


title: Eric Tsang

text: He is known for being a short plump guy with a habit of speaking before thinking, often landing himself into hot water. His insults have led to him being assaulted by rumored triads over bad mouthing singer Joey Yung. As an MC in the Miss Chinese International Pageant, he often favours contestants in Hong Kong.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang has appeared as an actor in many successful Hong Kong films, gaining awards and nominations. Early on in his career, he was typecast as a bumbling, ugly, and crude sidekick, and it was not until encouragement from his daughter Bowie Tsang to stop doing comedic roles that he went on to star in a film with friend Alan Tam and was awarded a Hong Kong best actor award. Perry Lam, a cinema critic from "Muse", wrote that Tsang 'brings directness, straightness and a lack of nonsense to whatever role he plays, and occasionally demonstrates an uncanny ability to enter the egoless states of which only the greatest of character actors like Robert Duvall are capable.' Tsang has also been an occasional singer. Despite his high-pitched voice, he sings his parodies and theme songs to variety shows in a low-range tenor or high-range baritone of 2 octaves.


title: Eric Tsang

text: In January 2021, Tsang was appointed TVB's deputy general manager and special advisor to the executive committee and will be responsible for the variety show and infotainment program segment. Tsang was involved in the Miss Hong Kong 2021 audition process.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang is a devout Buddhist, often leading other actors in efforts to raise money for Hong Kong Buddhist temples and events.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang's best friends are Natalis Chan and Alan Tam, who are also famous singers and actors from Hong Kong. Tsang has been close friends with Tam's family since childhood as their fathers were colleagues in the police force and played football together.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang has been married twice. His first marriage was to Taiwanese actress Wang Mei Hua (王美華) in 1972 and they had two daughters, Bowie Tsang and Tsang Wing Yee. They divorced in 1975. Wang brought their eldest daughter back to Taiwan, while their younger daughter moved to Canada.


title: Eric Tsang

text: His second marriage was to Rebecca Chu (朱錫珍) in 1989 and they had two sons, Derek Tsang, the director of "Better Days", and Mark Tsang. Chu and their two sons later immigrated to Toronto, Canada without Tsang, who chose to stay in Hong Kong and they have had in a long-distance relationship since then. On 21 April 2013, the Hong Kong 3 Weekly Magazine reported that Tsang's current wife was named Sung Lai Wah (宋麗華) and they had lived apart for 20 years. This was dismissed by Bowie Tsang on the following day. In fact, Sung Lai Wah was the mother of Alan Kuo. Chu died of cancer on 3 August 2020 at the Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital.


title: Eric Tsang

text: In December 2013, "Next Magazine" published an anonymously produced interview with actress Yammie Lam where she said that she had been raped by two Hong Kong entertainment industry "big brothers" 20 years ago. According to Lam, one of the individuals had died not long ago, while the other individual is alive. She further claims that the second individual had raped her during a film production in Singapore. However, the names of the alleged perpetrators were censored out of the audio, which generated intense media speculation. It is not known who the interviewer was; in fact, the interviewer's voice shows evidence of having been digitally manipulated from a natural female voice to a male voice. In January 2018, a mainland Chinese journalist uploaded what is purported to be an uncensored recording of Yammie Lam's 2013 interview. In the new 2018 clip, the interviewer now has a natural female voice, and the formerly censored portions implicate Alan Tang (deceased in 2011) and Eric Tsang as the two alleged rapists of Lam. Media analysts have endorsed the authenticity of the newly released video; they note that the 2018 video did not have noise removal or other post-production traces that are observed in the publicly released 2013 clip; hence, whoever leaked the video must have had direct access to the original unedited video.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Two days after the release of the January 2018 video, the sexual offense claim against Eric Tsang was corroborated by Grace Han, a talent agent who formerly headed the Ford Models agency in Asia. Han further alleged that Eric Tsang had sexually assaulted more than one woman, and claims to know of a specific incident in which a group of male Hong Kong celebrities, led by Tsang, allegedly drugged seven female models in a Hong Kong karaoke bar and raped six of them, while one girl escaped after she noticed the drugging. Han's Weibo post has since been deleted.


title: Eric Tsang

text: Tsang rejected the authenticity of the uploaded video and denied Grace Han's allegation. A week after the allegations surfaced, Tsang filed a defamation lawsuit against Grace Han in the Hong Kong High Court, arranged for a press event, and announced that "punishment" is needed. Tsang further claimed to the media that he had already won a defamation lawsuit in 2006 on similar grounds, but independent media sources have not been able to corroborate this claim.


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: The 2015–16 season was Manchester City Football Club's 114th season of competitive football, 87th season in the top flight of English football and 19th season in the Premier League. Along with the league, the club also competed in the UEFA Champions League, FA Cup and League Cup. The season covered the period from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016.


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: In Manuel Pellegrini's final season at City, the club achieved some prominent milestones. On 28 February 2016, the Blues won the League Cup after beating Liverpool on penalties in the final at Wembley. Although City ended up only fourth in the league (which still qualified them for the following season's Champions League) despite a strong start, the season witnessed Manchester City's then most successful European campaign, (since usurped after reaching the final in the 2020-21 season), with the Blues defeating PSG 3–2 on aggregate to advance to the Champions League semi-finals for the first time in their history (they had never reached even the quarter-finals before). There, City were narrowly beaten by future champions Real Madrid 0–1 on aggregate.


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: Manchester City visited Australia during pre-season, where they played local clubs Adelaide United and Melbourne City before facing Roma and Real Madrid, runners-up in the Italian and Spanish leagues respectively, in the 2015 International Champions Cup tournament. They also played matches against Vietnam national team and German Bundesliga team VfB Stuttgart.


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: The group stage draw was conducted on 27 August 2015 in Monaco, with City being paired with Juventus, Sevilla and Borussia Mönchengladbach.


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: "Awarded monthly to the manager who was chosen by a panel assembled by the Premier League's sponsor."


title: 2015–16 Manchester City F.C. season

text: "Awarded to the player that receives the most votes in a poll conducted each month on the official website of Manchester City."


title: Four-letter word

text: The phrase four-letter word refers to a set of English-language words written with four letters which are considered profane, including common popular or slang terms for excretory functions, sexual activity and genitalia, blasphemies, terms relating to Hell or damnation when used outside of religious contexts, or slurs. The "four-letter" claim refers to the fact that many (but not all) English "swear words" are incidentally four-character monosyllables. The term was used in this sense as early as 1886 in the United States and Great Britain.


title: Four-letter word

text: Common four-letter words (in this sense) that are widely considered vulgar or offensive to a notable degree include: "cunt", "fuck" (and regional variants such as "feck", "fick", "fock" and "foak"), "jism" (or "gism"), "jizz", "shit", "slut", "twat" and "tits". "Piss" (formerly an offensive swear word) in particular, however, may be used in non-excretory contexts ("pissed off", i.e. "angry", in US English and British UK English; "pissed", i.e. "drunk" in UK English) that are often not considered particularly offensive, and the word also occurs several times with its excretory meaning in the King James Bible. Several of these have been declared legally indecent under the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) TV and radio open-airwave broadcasting regulations.


title: Four-letter word

text: A number of additional words of this length are upsetting to some, for religious or personal sensitivity reasons, such as: "arse" (UK), "damn", "crap", "hell", "piss", "wang", and "wank" (UK). Racist, ableist, and slurs pertaining to an individual's sexual orientation may also qualify, such as "mong" (in the UK not a racial slur, but short for Mongol, or someone with Down syndrome – previously called Mongolism), "gook", "kike", "spic", "coon", "dago" and "dyke".


title: Four-letter word

text: Several "four-letter words" have multiple meanings (some even serving as given names), and usually only offend when used in their vulgar senses, for example:


title: Four-letter word

text: A borderline category includes words that are euphemistic evasions of "stronger" words, as well as those that happen to be short and have both an expletive sound to some listeners as well as a sexual or excretory meaning (many also have other, non-vulgar meanings):


title: Four-letter word

text: Finally, certain four-lettered terms with limited usage can be considered offensive by some, within the regional dialect in which they are used, such as


title: Four-letter word

text: Occasionally the phrase "four-letter word" is humorously used to describe common words composed of four letters. Typical examples include the word "work", implying that work can be unpleasant, or the game of "golf", jokingly referred to as a four-letter word when a player's pastime becomes an exercise in frustration. "Charlotte Observer" journalist Doug Robarchek noted in 1993 how many politicians have names with four letters, "Ever notice how many U.S. politicians have names that are also four-letter words? Ford, Dole, Duke, Bush, Gore ... and how many make us think of four-letter words?"


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Paul Alden Brinegar Jr. (December 19, 1917 – March 27, 1995) was an American character actor best known for his roles in three Western series: "The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp", "Rawhide", and "Lancer".


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar was born in 1917 in Tucumcari in eastern New Mexico, the first child of Louise (née McElroy) and Paul A. Brinegar Sr., who was a farmer. His family relocated several times during his childhood, first moving to Alamogordo, then to Las Cruces, and finally to Santa Fe. It was in Santa Fe where Brinegar became interested in acting, performing in stage productions at his local high school.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: After his graduation in 1935, Brinegar left Santa Fe to attend Pasadena Junior College in California. There he studied drama, literature, and art. According to the United States Census of 1940, he was back in Santa Fe by May of that year living with his parents and his two younger brothers, Warren and Robert.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: The 1940 census also identifies him at that time as an independent "Writer" and his father then as a freelancing "general short hand Reporter". Soon thereafter young Brinegar joined the United States Navy to serve four years during World War II as a chief radio operator in the South Pacific. After the war he returned to California, where he applied his military training and experience to earn a living in the Los Angeles area as a radio repairman. He also resumed his pursuit of an acting career in his spare time, playing bit parts in movies.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar's first credited appearance in a feature film was in "Larceny" (1948). From there, he launched a steady film career that slowed considerably in the late 1950s, after he began appearing on television but did not end until 1994, when Brinegar made his final screen appearance, as a stagecoach driver, in the 1994 film version of "Maverick".


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar was cast in more than 100 Western films produced between 1946 and 1994, often specializing in playing "feisty, grizzled cowboy sidekicks". On television, from 1956 to 1958, he played James H. "Dog" Kelley, the mayor of Dodge City, Kansas, in the ABC/Desilu series "The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp" starring Hugh O'Brian. Brinegar appears in that series 33 times as Kelley and in one other episode in another role. He also portrays Ludwig, a bartender, in the 1959 episode "The Ringer" of "The Texan" starring Rory Calhoun. Brinegar, however, is best remembered as the cattle-drive cook George Washington Wishbone on the CBS series "Rawhide" (1959–1966). Earlier, he had played a similar role, as the character Tom Jefferson Jeffrey, in the 1958 movie "Cattle Empire" upon which "Rawhide" was based.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar also made two guest appearances on CBS courtroom drama "Perry Mason". His first appearance on that series, prior to "Rawhide", is in the 1958 episode "The Case of the Sun Bather's Diary". His second appearance on "Perry Mason" is in the series' ninth and final season, in the 1966 episode "The Case of the Unwelcome Well".


title: Paul Brinegar

text: In the 1968-1970 CBS Western series "Lancer", Brinegar had the role of Jelly Hoskins; and in 1969 he appeared in "Charro!" starring Elvis Presley. Then, in 1973, he played the barman in Clint Eastwood's film "High Plains Drifter". From 1982 to 1983, returning to television, Brinegar portrayed a humorous cowboy-like character, Lamar Pettybone, during the first season of the ABC series "Matt Houston". Later he reprised a revised version of his "Rawhide" Wishbone character for the 1991 TV movie "The Gambler Returns: The Luck of the Draw," in which he delivers a brief monologue that contains references to several old television Westerns.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar died of emphysema at the age of 77 in Los Angeles on March 27, 1995. His family directed memorial contributions for Brinegar to the Motion Picture and Television Fund in Woodland Hills, California.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: Brinegar guest-starred mostly in westerns, including the Saturday morning series on CBS, "Tales of the Texas Rangers" in the 1956 episode "The Hobo." In 1967, he guest-starred in the episode "Take the Southbound Stage" of the NBC series, "Daniel Boone", starring Fess Parker in the title role.


title: Paul Brinegar

text: On October 1, 1966, he was cast as a prospector, Sawbuck, in the episode "Solid Gold Cavity" of the syndicated "Death Valley Days." That same month, Brinegar played Rupert Johnson, who entered a partnership to cook for a feisty miner in return for half of the gold findings in the "Death Valley Days" episode "The Lady and the Sourdough".


title: Paul Brinegar

text: On June 11, 1969, Brinegar played the Death Valley pioneer Jimmy Dayton (died 1899) in the episode "Jimmy Dayton's Bonanza".


title: Mohit Malik

text: Mohit Malik (born 11 January 1984) is an Indian actor. He is known for his work in Hindi television. His popular television roles include Bharat in "Banoo Main Teri Dulhann", Samrat Singh Rathore in "Doli Armaano Ki" and Sikandar Singh Gill in "Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala". He was seen as a contestant in Colors TV's stunt-based reality show "" where he became the 2nd runner up.


title: Mohit Malik

text: Malik made his television debut with TV show "Miilee" as Aaoni on Star Plus. After that he did various TV shows like "Betiyaan Apni Ya Paraya Dhan", "Pari Hoon Main", Banoo Main Teri Dulhann, "Godh Bharaai", "Durgesh Nandinii",


title: Mohit Malik

text: "Mann Kee Awaaz Pratigya" and "Phulwa". He was also the contestant of "Nach Baliye 4". He has also done "Suvreen Guggal – Topper of The Year" as Rehan Charles.


title: Mohit Malik

text: He also worked in Doli Armaano Ki as "Samrat Singh Rathore" where his acting talent was appreciated the most. In 2015, Mohit Malik participated in "Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa" and got the third place. From June 2016 to Jan 2017 He hosted Savdhaan India.


title: Mohit Malik

text: In 2018, Mohit is acting as lead role in musical show "Kullfi Kumarr Bajewala", as Sikandar Singh Gill, which broadcasts on Star Plus.


title: Mohit Malik

text: It was reported that, he was about to play the role of "Viaan" in Katha Ankahee, but later on Adnan Khan was finalized to play the lead role.


title: Mohit Malik

text: On 1 December 2010, he married actress and co-star from "Miilee", "Addite Shirwaikar Malik". In December 2020, the couple announced that they are expecting their first child in Dec 2020, and on May 2021 they became parents to a baby boy named Ekbir Malik.


title: BT (musician)

text: Brian Wayne Transeau (born October 4, 1971), known by his initials as BT, is an American musician, DJ, singer, songwriter, composer and audio engineer. An artist in the electronic music genre, he is credited as a pioneer of the trance and intelligent dance music styles that paved the way for EDM, and for "stretching electronic music to its technical breaking point." In 2010, he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album for "These Hopeful Machines". He creates music within a myriad of styles, such as classical, film composition, and bass music.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT holds multiple patents for pioneering the technique he calls stutter editing. This production technique consists of taking a small fragment of sound and repeating it rhythmically, often at audio rate values while processing the resultant stream using advanced digital processing techniques. BT was entered into the "Guinness Book of World Records" for his song "Somnambulist (Simply Being Loved)", recognized as using the largest number of vocal edits in a song (6,178 edits). BT's work with stutter edit techniques led to the formation of software development company Sonik Architects, developer of the sound-processing software plug-ins Stutter Edit and BreakTweaker, and Phobos with Spitfire Audio.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT has produced, collaborated, and written with a variety of artists, including Death Cab for Cutie, Howard Jones, Peter Gabriel, David Bowie, Madonna, Markus Schulz, Armin van Buuren, Sting, Depeche Mode, Tori Amos, NSYNC, Blake Lewis, The Roots, Guru, Britney Spears, Paul van Dyk, and Tiësto. He has composed original scores for films such as "Go", "The Fast and the Furious", and "Monster", and his scores and compositions have appeared on television series such as "Smallville", "Six Feet Under", and "Philip K. Dick's Electric Dreams". He was commissioned to compose a four-hour, 256 channel installation composition for the Tomorrowland-themed area at Shanghai Disneyland, which opened in 2016.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT was born in Rockville, Maryland on October 4, 1971. His father was an FBI and DEA agent, and his mother a psychiatrist. BT started listening to classical music at the age of 4 and started playing classical piano at an early age, utilizing the Suzuki method. By the age of eight he was studying composition and theory at the Washington Conservatory of Music. He was introduced to electronic music through the breakdancing culture and the Vangelis score for the film "Blade Runner", which led him to discover influential electronic music artists such as Afrika Bambaataa, Kraftwerk, New Order and Depeche Mode. In high school, he played drums in one band, bass in a ska band and guitar in a punk group. At 15, he was accepted to the Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts, where he studied jazz and enjoyed experimenting, such as running keyboards through old guitar pedals.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT is a multi-instrumentalist, playing piano, guitar, bass, keyboards, synths, sequencers, the glockenspiel, drum machines and instruments he has modified himself. His process for creating songs typically starts with composition on basic instruments, like the piano or an acoustic guitar.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 1989, after dropping out of Berklee, BT moved to Los Angeles, where he tried, unsuccessfully, to get signed as a singer-songwriter. Realizing he should focus on the electronic music he was more passionate about, he moved back to Maryland in 1990 and began collaborating with friends Ali "Dubfire" Shirazinia and Sharam Tayebi of Deep Dish. Together they started Deep Dish Records. Early in his career, BT worked under a variety of musical aliases, including Prana, Elastic Chakra, Elastic Reality, Libra, Dharma, Kaistar and GTB.


title: BT (musician)

text: In the early years of BT's career, he became a pioneering artist in the trance genre, this despite the fact that he does not consider himself a DJ, since he infrequently spins records and comes from an eclectic music background. When he started out, such common elements as a build, breakdown and drop were unclassified. BT's was a unique interpretation of what electronic music could be. His first recordings, "A Moment of Truth" and "Relativity", became hits in dance clubs in the UK. His productions were not yet popular in the US, and he was initially unaware that he had become popular across the Atlantic, where UK DJs like Sasha were regularly spinning his music for crowds. Sasha bought BT a ticket to London, where BT witnessed his own success in the clubs, with several thousand clubbers responding dramatically when Sasha played BT's song. He also met Paul Oakenfold, playing him tracks that would make up his first album. He was quickly signed to Oakenfold's record label, a subsidiary of Warner Brothers.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's 1995 debut album "Ima", released on Oakenfold's label, was a progressive house effort. The opening track, "Nocturnal Transmission", was featured in "The Fast and the Furious". The album also featured a song called 'Loving You More' with Vincent Covello. Blending house beats with sweeping New Age sounds, "Ima" helped to create the trance sound. "Ima (今)" is the Japanese word for "now". BT has stated that it also means many other things and that the intention of the album is to have a different effect for everyone.


title: BT (musician)

text: Following the release of "Ima", BT began traveling to England regularly. It was during this time that he met Tori Amos. They would collaborate on his song "Blue Skies", which reached the number one spot on "Billboard" magazine's Dance Club Songs chart in January 1997. This track helped expand BT's notability beyond Europe, into North America. He soon began to remix songs for well-known artists such as Sting, Madonna, Seal, Sarah McLachlan, NSYNC, Britney Spears, Diana Ross and Mike Oldfield.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's second album, "ESCM" (acronym for "Electric Sky Church Music"), released in 1997, features more complex melodies and traditional harmonies along with a heavier use of vocals. The tone of the album is darker and less whimsical than "Ima". The album, as a whole, is much more diverse than BT's debut, expanding into drum and bass, breakbeat, hip-hop, rock and vocally-based tracks.


title: BT (musician)

text: The biggest hit from "ESCM" was "Flaming June," a modern trance collaboration with German DJ Paul van Dyk. Van Dyk and BT would go on to collaborate on a number of works, including "Namistai" (found on the later album "Movement in Still Life"), as well as van Dyk's remix of BT's "Blue Skies" and "Remember". "Remember" featured Jan Johnston on vocals, and reached #1 on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart. BT and Van Dyk also remixed the van Dyk classic "Forbidden Fruit" as well as Dina Carroll's "Run to You", and BT collaborated with Simon Hale on "Firewater" and "Remember."


title: BT (musician)

text: In 1999, BT released his third album, "Movement in Still Life", and continued his previous experimentation outside of the trance genre. The album features a strong element of nu skool breaks, a genre he helped define with "Hip-Hop Phenomenon" in collaboration with Tsunami One aka Adam Freeland and Kevin Beber. Along with trance collaborations with Paul van Dyk and DJ Rap, "Movement" includes pop ("Never Gonna Come Back Down" with M. Doughty on vocals), progressive house ("Dreaming" with Kirsty Hawkshaw on vocals) and hip hop-influenced tracks ("Madskill – Mic Chekka", which samples Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five's "The Message", and "Smartbomb", a mix of funky, heavy riffs from both synthesizers and guitars woven over a hip-hop break). "Shame" and "Satellite" lean toward an alt-rock sound, while "Godspeed" and "Dreaming" fall into classic trance ranks. "Running Down the Way Up", a collaboration with fellow electronic act Hybrid, features sultry vocals and acoustic guitars heavily edited into a progressive breakbeat track.


title: BT (musician)

text: "Dreaming" and "Godspeed" reached number 5 and number 10 on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart, respectively, "Never Gonna Come Back Down" reached #9 the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart and number 16 on "Billboard"'s Alternative Songs chart, and the album reached number 166 on the "Billboard" 200 album charts.


title: BT (musician)

text: Long interested in branching out into film scoring, BT got the opportunity when director Doug Liman asked him to score "Go", a 1999 film about dance music culture. Shortly after creating the score, BT moved to Los Angeles in order to further pursue film scoring. He also began writing music for string quartets to prove his capabilities beyond electronic music. He was then hired to score the film "Under Suspicion" with a 60-piece string section. For "The Fast and the Furious", BT's score featured a 70-piece ensemble, along with polyrhythmic tribal sounds produced by orchestral percussionists banging on car chassis.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 1999, BT collaborated with Peter Gabriel on the album "OVO", the soundtrack to the Millennium Dome Show in London. In 2001, he produced NSYNC's hit single "Pop", which won a 2001 Teen Choice Award for Choice Single, won four MTV Video Music Awards, and reached number 19 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 9 on the UK Singles chart. In 2002, BT released the compilation album "10 Years in the Life", a two-disc collection of rarities and remixes, including "The Moment of Truth", the first track he ever recorded.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's fourth studio album, released on August 5, 2003, featured more vocal tracks than his previous fare, including six with vocals by BT himself. "Emotional Technology" was his most experimental album to date, exploring a range of genres; many consider it the "poppiest" of all his work. "Emotional Technology" spent 25 weeks on the "Billboard" Dance/Electronic Albums chart, reaching the top spot, and it reached number 138 on the "Billboard" 200 charts. The biggest single from the album, "Somnambulist (Simply Being Loved)", draws heavily from the breakbeats and new wave dance of New Order and Depeche Mode, whom BT has cited as major influences. "Somnambulist" holds the Guinness World Record for the largest number of vocal edits in a single track, with 6,178. It reached number 5 on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart and number 98 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT ventured into television production for "Tommy Lee Goes to College" for NBC in 2005. It starred Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee. He executive-produced the reality television series, the idea for which he developed and sold to NBC.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's fifth studio album, "This Binary Universe", released on August 29, 2006, is his second album released in 5.1 surround sound, the first being the soundtrack to the 2003 film "Monster".


title: BT (musician)

text: The double album highlights a mix of genres, including jazz, breakbeats and classical. Three songs feature a full 110-piece orchestra. Unlike his previous two albums, which featured vocals on almost every track, this album is entirely instrumental. The tracks change genres constantly. For example, "The Antikythera Mechanism" starts off almost lullaby-like, complete with a piano, acoustic guitars and reversed beats; halfway through the track, it explodes with a 110-piece orchestra, followed by a section of breakbeats and ending with the de-construction of the orchestra. Animated videos created by visual effects artist Scott Pagano to accompany each song were included in a DVD packaged along with the CD. "This Binary Universe" reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Dance/Electronic Albums chart. BT's company, Sonik Architects, built the drum machine (the first in surround sound) used on the album.


title: BT (musician)

text: "Keyboard" magazine said of the album, "In a hundred years, it could well be studied as the first major electronic work of the new millennium." "Wired" called it an "innovative masterpiece."


title: BT (musician)

text: In November and December 2006, BT toured the album with Thomas Dolby opening. The concert featured a live slideshow of images from DeviantArt as a backdrop. All the shows were done in 5.1 surround sound, with BT playing piano, bass and other instruments live, and also singing on a cover of "Mad World" by Tears for Fears. Earlier in 2006, BT performed with an orchestra and conductor and visuals for an audience of 11,000 at the Video Games Live concert at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's sixth studio album, "These Hopeful Machines", was released on February 2, 2010. The double album features dance-pop, trance, house, breaks, soundscapes, orchestral interludes, acoustic guitar and stutter edits. With BT spending several years perfecting the album, mathematically placing edits and loops to create "an album of ultimate depth and movement," each of the songs went through a lengthy recording process. BT has estimated that each song on the album took over 100 sessions to record, adding that "Every Other Way" took 2 months to write and record, working 14 to 20 hours a day, 7 days a week. "These Hopeful Machines" was nominated for a 2011 Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album.


title: BT (musician)

text: The album features guest appearances from and collaborations with Stewart Copeland of The Police, Kirsty Hawkshaw ("A Million Stars"), JES ("Every Other Way" and "The Light in Things"), Rob Dickinson ("Always" and "The Unbreakable"), Christian Burns ("Suddenly", "Emergency" and "Forget Me") and Andrew Bayer ("The Emergency"). It contains the most singles released from any BT album, with 8 of the 12 tracks released as singles. Official remixes were made by Armin van Buuren and Chicane. It reached number 6 on the "Billboard" Dance/Electronic Albums chart and number 154 on the "Billboard" 200 album charts. The singles "Emergency" and "Rose of Jericho" reached numbers 3 and 5 on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart, respectively.


title: BT (musician)

text: A remix album, titled "These Re-Imagined Machines" was released in 2011. "These Humble Machines", an un-mixed album featuring shorter "radio edit" versions of the tracks (similar to the US version of "Movement in Still Life") was also released in 2011.


title: BT (musician)

text: On June 19, 2012, BT released "If the Stars Are Eternal So Are You and I", along with "Morceau Subrosa", his seventh and eighth studio albums. "If the Stars Are Eternal So Are You and I" was an about-face from BT's previous album "These Hopeful Machines", utilizing minimal beats, ambient soundscapes, and glitch music, as opposed to the electronic music style of "These Hopeful Machines". "Morceau Subrosa" is very different in style compared to most of BT's previous works, favoring ambient soundscapes and minimal beats.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT's ninth studio album, "A Song Across Wires", was released worldwide on August 16, 2013. Blending elements of trance, progressive house and electro, the club music-oriented album reached number 5 on the "Billboard" Dance/Electronic Albums chart, and features four Beatport No. 1 trance singles: "Tomahawk" (with Adam K), "Must Be the Love" (with Arty and Nadia Ali), "Skylarking" and "Surrounded" (with Au5 and Aqualung). On the album, BT also collaborates with Senadee, Andrew Bayer, Tania Zygar, Emma Hewitt, JES, Fractal, tyDi and K-pop singer Bada.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 2012, he released the mix collection "Laptop Symphony", based on his laptop performances on his Sirius XM radio show, which range from dubstep to drumstep to progressive to trance. In 2013, he started a new Sirius XM radio program, "Skylarking", on the Electric Area channel.


title: BT (musician)

text: On November 10, 2014, BT announced a Kickstarter project with Tommy Tallarico to produce "Electronic Opus", an electronic symphonic album with re-imagined, orchestral versions of BT's songs. The project reached its crowd-funding goal of $200,000. A live orchestra played during Video Games Live on March 29, 2015, while the album was released on October 12, 2015.


title: BT (musician)

text: On March 7, 2012, it was announced that BT and Christian Burns had formed a band called All Hail the Silence, with encouragement from Vince Clarke. They released their first unofficial single, "Looking Glass", online in 2012. On July 21, 2014, Transeau and Burns announced that their band would be touring with Erasure in the fall of 2014 for the album "The Violet Flame". On August 24, 2016, the band announced that they would release a limited edition colored 12" vinyl collectible extended play entitled "AHTS-001" with Shopify on September 19, 2016. On September 28, 2018, the band released their first official single, "Diamonds in the Snow", along with its accompanying music video. They released the music video for "Temptation" in December 2018. The band's first album, "Daggers" (stylized as "‡"), was released on January 18, 2019.


title: BT (musician)

text: On December 14, 2015, BT disclosed news to "DJ Mag" about a new album to come by early 2016. Similar to "This Binary Universe", BT explained that "the entire record is recorded in a way [I've] never recorded anything before," and that it has a "modular, ambient aesthetic". The album, "_", was released digitally on October 14, 2016, and physically on December 2, 2016, via Black Hole Recordings, along with an accompanying film. Due to the restrictions of most music sites, which forbid blank album titles, BT chose to name the album the underscore character "_". BT has admitted that this title has resulted in complaints from fans about difficulties in finding the album on popular services due to the inability of most search engines to handle the "_" character. On January 17, 2017, BT released "_+", an extended version of "_".


title: BT (musician)

text: On October 10, 2019, BT announced on Instagram that two new albums were slated for release in the Fall of 2019: "Between Here and You", an ambient album consisting of ten tracks, and "Everything You're Searching for Is on the Other Side of Fear", a 17-track album with sounds akin to those from "This Binary Universe" and "_". "Between Here and You" was released on October 18, 2019 and reached the number 1 spot on the Electronic Albums Chart on iTunes. "Everything You're Searching for Is on the Other Side of Fear" was released on December 13, 2019.


title: BT (musician)

text: On June 19, 2020, BT released the single "1AM in Paris / The War", which featured singer Iraina Mancini and DJ Matt Fax. On July 17, 2020, another single, "No Warning Lights" was released, featuring Emma Hewitt on vocals. It was later announced that "The Lost Art of Longing" would be his thirteenth album, released on August 14, 2020.


title: BT (musician)

text: In May 2021, Transeau entered into the world of NFTs by composing music for a digital artwork piece entitled "DUNESCAPE XXI", and soon afterwards auctioning off a digital artwork piece entitled "Genesis.json", which includes 24 hours worth of original music that contains an Indian raga and 15,000 hand-sequenced audio and visual moments. The artwork is programmed to give a special message on the owner's birthday and is the "only work of art that puts itself to sleep" on a certain time. In September 2021, BT announced his 14th album "Metaversal", which was created and programmed entirely on a blockchain for release on September 29. The album was released publicly on November 19.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT began scoring films in 1999 with "Go". Since then he has scored over a dozen films, including "The Fast and the Furious", "Monster", "Gone in 60 Seconds", "" and "Catch and Release". His soundtrack for "Stealth" featured the song "She Can Do That", with lead vocals from David Bowie. BT produced the score for the 2001 film "Zoolander", but had his name removed from the project. His tracks for the film were finished by composer David Arnold. BT also composed music for the Pixar animated short film "Partysaurus Rex", released in 2012 alongside the 3D release of "Finding Nemo".


title: BT (musician)

text: He has scored the video games "" (2000), "" (2002), "FIFA Football 2002" (2002), "" (2003), Burnout Revenge (2005), (2005) and "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2005" (2004). He made the official second-long alert tone for the Circa News app. In 2013, he scored "Betrayal", a 13-episode drama on ABC.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 2014, BT was selected by Walt Disney Company executives to score the music for the Tomorrowland-themed area at Shanghai Disneyland, which opened in 2016. He spent more than two years on the project, writing more than four hours of music that are played out of more than 200 speakers spread throughout Tomorrowland. BT called the undertaking "one of the most thrilling experiences of my life."


title: BT (musician)

text: During the production of "This Binary Universe", Transeau wanted to program drums in surround sound, and found that software tools to accomplish this weren't readily available. He decided to develop his own, forming his own software company, Sonik Architects, to create a line of sound design tools for the studio and another line of tools and plug-ins designed for live performance. The company's first release was the drum machine surround sound sequencer BreakTweaker, a PC plug-in. In 2009, Sonik Architects released Sonifi, a product for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch that enables musicians to replicate BT's stutter edit effect live. BT himself has used it during live shows.


title: BT (musician)

text: In December 2010, Sonik Architects was acquired by software and music production company iZotope, and at the Winter NAMM Show in January 2011, the Stutter Edit plug-in, based on BT's patented technique of real-time manipulation of digital audio, was released by iZotope and BT.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 2020, Transeau released an upgraded version of his Stutter Edit plug-in with iZotope, called Stutter Edit 2. This version includes more sound effects, more presets, and new features such as Auto Mode and the Curve editor.


title: BT (musician)

text: Transeau is a user of digital audio workstation FL Studio and he was included in the Power Users section on Image-Line's site in 2013. In 2014, BT collaborated with Boulanger Labs in creating the Leap Motion app Muse, a device that allows users to compose their own ambient sounds using gestural control. He also developed a standalone plugin synthesizer called BT Phobos for the music software company Spitfire Audio, which was released on April 6, 2017. BT created presets for the synth plugin Parallels, released by Softube in 2019. He also created analog synth tone patches for the synthesized Omnisphere 2, created by ILIO.


title: BT (musician)

text: In 2022, BT released the reverb Tails with Unfiltered Audio and the synth plugin Polaris with Spitfire.


title: BT (musician)

text: BT lives with his daughter in Maryland. In 2008, he was involved in dispute about his daughter's custody with the child's mother, Ashley Duffy. He is an avid scuba diver, and supports the preservation of sharks. In February 2014, BT partnered with EDM lifestyle brand Electric Family to produce a collaboration bracelet for which 100% of the proceeds are donated to the Shark Trust. On October 19, 2014, BT was married to Lacy Transeau (née Bean).


title: Erucic acid

text: Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, denoted 22:1ω9. It has the chemical formula CH(CH)CH=CH(CH)COOH. It is prevalent in wallflower seed and other plants in the family Brassicaceae, with a reported content of 20 to 54% in high erucic acid rapeseed oil and 42% in mustard oil. Erucic acid is also known as "cis"-13-docosenoic acid and the trans isomer is known as brassidic acid.


title: Erucic acid

text: Erucic acid has many of the same uses as mineral oils, but it is more readily biodegradable than some. It has limited ability to polymerize and dry for use in oil paints. Like other fatty acids, it can be converted into surfactants or lubricants, and can be used as a precursor to biodiesel fuel.


title: Erucic acid

text: Derivatives of erucic acid have many further uses, such as behenyl alcohol (CH(CH)OH), a pour point depressant (enabling liquids to flow at a lower temperature), and silver behenate, for use in photography.


title: Erucic acid

text: The name "erucic" means "of or pertaining to "Eruca"", which is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae. The genus includes colewort ("E. sativa"), which today is better known as arugula (US) or rocket (UK).


title: Erucic acid

text: Erucic acid is produced naturally (together with other fatty acids) across a great range of green plants, but especially so in members of the genus "Brassica". For industrial purposes and production of erucic acid, rapeseed is used; for food purposes a 'low-erucic acid rapeseed' (LEAR) has been developed (canola), which contains fats derived from oleic acid instead of erucic acid.


title: Erucic acid

text: Erucic acid is produced by elongation of oleic acid via oleoyl-coenzyme A and malonyl-CoA. Erucic acid is broken down into shorter-chain fatty acids in the human liver by the long-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase enzyme.


title: Erucic acid

text: Studies done on laboratory animals in the early 1970s show that erucic acid appears to have toxic effects on the heart at high enough doses. However, more recent research has cast doubt on the relevance of rat studies to the human health of erucic acid. Rats are unusual in their inability to process erucic acid, and the symptoms in rats caused by a diet with high levels of erucic acid have not been observed in pigs, primates, or any other animals. An association between the consumption of rapeseed oil and increased myocardial lipidosis, or heart disease, has not been established for humans. While there are reports of toxicity from long-term use of Lorenzo's oil (which contains erucic acid and other ingredients), there are no reports of harm to people from dietary consumption of erucic acid.


title: Erucic acid

text: Publication of animal studies with erucic acid through the 1970s led to governments worldwide moving away from oils with high levels of erucic acid, and tolerance levels for human exposure to erucic acid have been established based on the animal studies.


title: Erucic acid

text: In 2003, Food Standards Australia set a provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) for an average adult of about 500 mg/day of erucic acid, extrapolated based on "the level that is associated with increased myocardial lipidosis in nursing pigs." "There is a 120-fold safety margin between this level and the level that is associated with increased myocardial lipidosis in nursing pigs. The dietary exposure assessment has concluded that the majority of exposure to erucic acid by the general population would come from the consumption of colza oil. The dietary intake of erucic acid by an individual consuming at the average level is well below the PTDI; therefore, there is no cause for concern in terms of public health and safety. However, the individual consuming at a high level has the potential to approach the PTDI. This would be particularly so if the level of erucic acid in colza oil were to exceed 2% of the total fatty acids."


title: Erucic acid

text: Food-grade rapeseed oil (also known as canola oil, rapeseed 00 oil, low erucic acid rapeseed oil, LEAR oil, and rapeseed canola-equivalent oil) is regulated to a maximum of 2% erucic acid by weight in the US and 2% in the EU (was 5% before 2019-11-19), with special regulations for infant food. Canola was bred from rapeseed cultivars of "B. napus" and "B. rapa" by Dr. Baldur Stefansson at the University of Manitoba, Canada in addition to being cultivated by ancient Chinese, Indian, and Japanese cultures. Canola oil is derived from a variety of rapeseed that is low in erucic acid, as opposed to colza oil.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Aria (stylized as ARIA) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kozue Amano. The series was originally titled Aqua (stylized as AQUA) when it was published in Enix's "Monthly Stencil" magazine from 2001 to 2002, and retitled when it was transferred to Mag Garden's "Comic Blade", where it continued serialization from November 2002 to April 2008. "Aqua" was collected in two "tankōbon" volumes, and "Aria" was collected in twelve volumes.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Hal Film Maker has adapted the manga into several anime television series. A first season was broadcast in 2005, a second season in 2006, an OVA released September 2007, and a third season in 2008 that ended around the same time as the manga serialization. An OVA, titled "Aria the Avvenire", was released in the anime series' 10th anniversary Blu-ray box sets between December 2015 and June 2016. A film to celebrate the 15th anniversary of the anime series titled "Aria the Crepuscolo" premiered on 5 March 2021. A second anime film titled "Aria the Benedizione" premiered on 3 December 2021.


title: Aria (manga)

text: ADV Manga released English translations of the first three volumes of "Aria" in 2004 before dropping the license. Tokyopop then acquired the English-language rights to "Aqua" as well as "Aria". Tokyopop released the two volumes of "Aqua" in October 2007 and February 2008 and six volumes of "Aria" between January 2008 and December 2010. The anime is licensed in North America by The Right Stuf International, which released all three seasons in box sets under its Nozomi Entertainment imprint between 30 September 2008 and 2 March 2010.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The series is set in the 24th century on a terraformed Mars, now named Aqua, and follows a young woman named Akari Mizunashi as she trains as an apprentice gondolier (known as Undines). The series has been praised for its calm pacing, optimistic worldview, beautiful art, and, for the anime, the quality of the soundtrack.


title: Aria (manga)

text: "Aqua" and "Aria" take place in the early 24th century, starting in 2301 AD, in the city of Neo-Venezia (ネオ・ヴェネツィア "Neo Venetsia", literally "New Venice") on the planet Aqua (アクア "Akua", formerly Mars, sometimes stylized as in the manga with the base text for "Mars" serving as a gloss), which was renamed after being terraformed into a habitable planet covered in oceans around 150 years beforehand. Neo-Venezia, based on Venice in both architecture and atmosphere, is a harbor city of narrow canals instead of streets, traveled by unmotorized gondolas.


title: Aria (manga)

text: At the start of "Aqua", a young woman named Akari arrives from Manhome (マンホーム "Manhōmu", formerly Earth, sometimes stylized as with the base text for "Earth" serving as a gloss) to become a trainee gondolier with Aria Company, one of the three most prestigious water-guide companies in the city. Her dream is to become an Undine, a gondolier who acts as a tour guide (see "Terms" below). As she trains, Akari befriends her mentor Alicia, trainees and seniors from rival companies—Aika, Alice, Akira, and Athena—and others in Neo-Venezia. "Aqua" covers Akari's arrival on Aqua and her early training as a Pair or apprentice. "Aria" continues her training as a Single, or journeyman, culminating in the graduation of her, Aika, and Alice as full Prima Undines.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Each chapter is a slice of life episode of Akari's exploration of the worlds of gondoliers, Neo-Venezia, and Aqua itself. Amano frequently uses several pages of lush art to depict an environment, showing the wonder of both everyday activities as well as one-of-a-kind events. It has been described by reviewers as very similar in tone and effect to "Yokohama Kaidashi Kikō".


title: Aria (manga)

text: Aria Company is a small water-guide company that starts with only two employees. Its uniforms are lined with blue, and its president (and namesake) is Aria Pokoteng.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Himeya Company is the oldest and currently second-ranking water-guide company in Neo-Venezia. It employs 80 Undines, with a uniform lined with red. Its president is Hime Granzchesta.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Orange Planet is the largest water-guide company in Neo-Venezia, employing 81 Undines (including 20 Primas). Its uniforms are lined with yellow, and its president is Maa.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Because blue-eyed cats are considered lucky on Aqua, all Undine companies have a blue-eyed cat as a mascot, who is given the title President. Cats on Aqua have been bred to be as intelligent as humans, though they cannot speak.


title: Aria (manga)

text: According to her original afterword to "Aqua" volume 2, Kozue Amano's goal in writing the series was to have readers find happiness in small things and to not focus on their failures. In another afterword, she stated that writing "Aria" has forced her to pay attention to the four seasons and that she hopes the series shows her appreciation for them. Amano developed a 24-month calendar system for Aqua, based on Mars's real orbital period of 668.6 local days (see "Timekeeping on Mars"), making every season 6 months long. Amano marked the passage of time and the seasons throughout the series through such means as Akari explicitly telling her correspondent the time of year and depicting seasonal observances such as fireworks at the end of summer ("Aqua" volume 2, Navigation 9 and "Aria" volume 4, Navigation 20), New Year's Eve ("Aria" volume 2, Navigation 9), or birthdays of characters ("Aria" volume 10, Navigation 46).


title: Aria (manga)

text: In the universe of "Aqua" and "Aria", Neo-Venezia's builders modeled it after the city of Venice before its demise in the 21st century, including counterparts to such public landmarks as the Piazza San Marco and the Bridge of Sighs. In creating Neo-Venezia, Amano also based some of the fictional locations of the series on real Venetian locations. Examples include:


title: Aria (manga)

text: Other locations on Aqua that Amano based on real places include the Japanese shrine visited in "Aria" volume 1, based on Fushimi Inari-taisha near Kyoto.


title: Aria (manga)

text: As part of the preparations for the first season of the anime adaptation, the production crew led by director Jun'ichi Satō made a trip to Venice for location research. As a result of filming the movements of gondoliers sculling, they had to redraw the animation of Undines rowing in the first episodes to make it realistic. Satō said that seeing a gondolier use his paddle to toss a bottle out of the water inspired the scene in episode 11 of "Aria the Animation" where Alicia does the same with a ball, which was not in the manga. As part of the production company's commitment to adapting the manga faithfully and gesture of consideration toward the voice actors, they provided the collected volumes of "Aqua" and "Aria" to date, rather than requiring them to purchase their own or giving stacks of photocopies.


title: Aria (manga)

text: According to Jun'ichi Satō, it was a struggle to fit the available material into the 13 episodes of the first season, which focused closely on Akari. The title of the second season, "Aria the Natural", came about because he had 26 episodes to work with, letting him treat the story in a more "natural" manner, allowing the series to develop other characters more.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Choro Club and Takeshi Senoo composed 30 works of music for the first season of the anime and 15 for the second. Jun'ichi Satō and sound designer Yasuno Satō assigned Choro Club and Takeshi Senoo abstract themes instead of plot points, which was an unfamiliar method for the composers who did not have much experience working for anime shows. Takeshi Senoo and the three members of Choro Club make a cameo appearance as musicians in episode 23 of "Aria the Natural". Jun'ichi Satō has commented that the lyrics for the songs "Barracole" and "Coccolo", sung by Eri Kawai as the voice of Athena Glory, were gibberish. The lyrics for the first two seasons' theme songs were also initially meant to be gibberish, but after reading the manga Eri Kawai decided to write Japanese lyrics: "I read the original manga and wrote the lyrics, using my image of Neo-Venezia as a starting point. Then did my best to match words that flowed with the melody." Kawai made demo recordings for Yui Makino as a guide for her performance of the theme songs. Takeshi Senoo has described "Smile Again", the second ending theme song of "Aria the Natural," as a song about the end of summer, and envisioned it being sung by Erino Hazuki as Akari.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The manga was written and illustrated by Kozue Amano and has a complicated publishing history. "Aqua" was originally published by Enix in "Monthly Stencil" magazine from 2001 to 2002 and collected in two "tankōbon" volumes. When the series moved to Mag Garden's "Comic Blade" magazine in November 2002, the title changed to "Aria". Mag Garden later re-released the two volumes of "Aqua" with additional material and new covers. Serialization completed in April 2008. In all, the 70 serialized chapters of "Aqua" and "Aria" were collected in 14 "tankōbon" volumes, each volume containing five chapters covering a season of the year. Each volume is called a "voyage," and each chapter a "navigation."


title: Aria (manga)

text: In English, "Aria" (but not "Aqua") was originally licensed by ADV Manga, who dropped the license after publishing three volumes. The North American license for "Aqua" and "Aria" was picked up by Tokyopop, which began releasing the series starting with the first volume of "Aqua". The series has been licensed in France by Kami, in Germany by Tokyopop Germany, in Italy by Star Comics, in Indonesia by M&C Comics, in South Korea by Bookbox, in Spain by Editorial Ivrea, in Taiwan by Tong Li Comics, and in Thailand by Bongkoch Comics.


title: Aria (manga)

text: "Aqua" and "Aria" were adapted by Hal Film Maker as a 54-episode anime television series comprising two seasons titled "Aria the Animation" and "Aria the Natural", an original video animation (OVA) titled "Aria the OVA: Arietta", and a third season titled "Aria the Origination". The series was directed by Junichi Sato with character designs by Makoto Koga, and broadcast on the TV Tokyo Network between 2005 and 2008. All three seasons have been released on DVD in Japan. A special OVA series, "Aria the Avvenire", received an event screening on 26 September 2015. It was animated by TYO Animations.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The series is licensed in North America by The Right Stuf International. A DVD box set of the English subtitled first season was released on 30 September 2008 under its Nozomi Entertainment imprint. The second season was released in two box sets on 29 January and 24 March 2009. The third season box set, including the "Arietta" OVA and the bonus episode numbered 5.5, was released on 2 March 2010. On 12 August 2017, Right Stuf launched a Kickstarter campaign to produce an English dub and a Blu-ray release for the first season of the series, which ended on 11 September 2017 with a total of $595,676 raised, which is $230,000 over the final stretch goal of dubbing the entire franchise, including the 10th Anniversary special OVA series, "Avvenire". The series is licensed in Australia by Siren Visual. The series has been licensed in the United Kingdom by MVM Entertainment, and was released on Blu-ray on 25 October 2021.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The series is licensed in Korea by Animax Asia, in Taiwan by Muse Communications, in France by Kaze, and in Italy by Yamato Video. The series was also broadcast in Italy on the Rai 4.


title: Aria (manga)

text: It was announced on 14 April 2020 that the franchise would debut a new work scheduled for winter 2020 in celebration of the series' 15th anniversary. On 22 July 2020, it was announced that the new work would be an anime film titled "Aria the Crepuscolo", which premiered on 5 March 2021. The film was produced by J.C.Staff and directed by Takahiro Natori, with the main staff members reprising their roles.


title: Aria (manga)

text: After the film "Aria the Crepuscolo"'s release, a new anime project titled "Aria the Benedizione" was announced, which would serve as the third and final installment of the "Blue Curtain Call" trilogy. On 21 March 2021, it was announced that the anime project is a film that will premiere in winter 2021. The cast and staff from the previous film reprised their roles. On 10 August 2021, two new cast members were revealed and the release date of 3 December 2021 was announced.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Several soundtrack albums were released for "Aria", including an album for each of the three seasons of the anime, two piano music collections, a song collection, and a tribute album. Singles were released for the opening and closing themes for all three anime seasons, the OVA, and the two visual novel adaptations. Most of the releases charted on the Oricon charts, with the highest ranking album being "Aria the Natural Vocal Song Collection" at 30th, and the highest ranking single being "Euforia", the opening theme for "Aria the Natural", at 18th.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Four series of drama CDs have been released. The first series was produced before the anime began and uses different voice actors; the other three were produced in conjunction with the three seasons of the anime, using the anime voice actors.


title: Aria (manga)

text: An "Aria" radio show called "Aria the Station" was broadcast on the internet through onsen.ag and Animate throughout November 2006 in conjunction with the three seasons of the anime. The 115 episodes were later compiled on "radio CDs" released in three seasons. Each volume contains a CD-ROM with the radio episodes in MP3 format plus an audio CD containing additional material. The radio show starred Erino Hazuki as Akari Mizunashi and Chinami Nishimura as President Aria Pokoteng, with other voice actors from the anime as guests reprising their respective roles.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The Alchemist company produced two visual novel video games for the PS2 based on "Aria". Both were released in regular and special editions on the same day.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Four art books were published by Mag Garden containing drawings and sketches for "Aqua" and "Aria" by Kozue Amano:


title: Aria (manga)

text: Mag Garden published a fifth art book containing additional artwork used in the anime, video games, drama CDs, and merchandising:


title: Aria (manga)

text: Additionally, Shinkigesha published guide books for each of Alchemist's two "Aria" video games, containing background materials, character profiles, and plot summaries covering all outcomes of the game:


title: Aria (manga)

text: "Aria" has also been adapted as series of light novels published by Mag Garden, with two released as of December 2008:


title: Aria (manga)

text: "Monthly Undine" is a spin-off facsimile of the Undine-focused magazine mentioned in the "Aria" universe. Six issues of "Monthly Undine" have been released as of January 2022 with a different character on each cover, each containing a collectible item. The first three magazines contain toy house parts with Himeya Company's Akira and Aika, toy house parts with Aria Company's Alicia and Akari, and toy house parts with Orange Planet's Athena and Alice respectively. When the three magazines' collectible items (toy house parts) are combined, they form a miniature "ARIA Company" building.


title: Aria (manga)

text: In March 2007, Mag Garden published a series of three "Aria" picture books. Each hardcover book contains a full-color short manga story focused on a cat president, and includes an additional collectible item written and illustrated by Amano Kozue.


title: Aria (manga)

text: Shinko Music published a selection of sheet music called "Aria the Best Selection" () in July 2008. It contained the themes from the three anime seasons of "Aria".


title: Aria (manga)

text: In Japan, new volumes of "Aria" routinely reached the best-seller list for manga, and had sold over 3 million copies as of July 2007, representing 11% of all manga volumes ever sold by its publisher to date. In 2009, this number increased to 4 million.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The English translation of the "Aria" manga was described by a reviewer at "The Comics Journal" as "quite conceivably the best comics series ever created for elementary-school girls," calling it "a masterpiece of storytelling and illustration, gorgeous to look at and a feast for the young imagination in its ability to present an inviting, fully realized world." "Aqua" and "Aria" together have been praised for their joyful calm, vividly depicted futuristic world, moments of magic, and sense of whimsy. Amano's artwork is praised for her crisp lines and details, especially in the backgrounds and landscapes. Amano has also been criticized for confusingly giving every character a name that begins with A, for letting some slice-of-life stories "drift too far out," and for making Akari's character too sweet and effusive.


title: Aria (manga)

text: In 2006, the anime of "Aria" was ranked in the top 100 animated television series of all time in a poll by TV Asahi. As of June 2007, the first two seasons of the anime adaptation had sold more than 300,000 DVDs.


title: Aria (manga)

text: The anime has been praised for its quiet atmosphere, beautiful visuals—especially the backgrounds and character designs—and exceptional soundtrack. Anime News Network described the first season as "a gorgeous future fantasy populated with loveable characters", where "each episode is a finely fashioned tone poem steeped in a love of the slow rhythms of everyday life and told with an elegant self-possession that places it light-years beyond the vulgar moralizing of most "uplifting" stories." IGN contrasted "Aria" with "Maria-sama ga Miteru" as another series where not much happens, noting that "Maria-sama ratchets up the tension level whenever possible, though, and never mind that all the drama revolves around something completely inconsequential. Aria, on the other hand, is calm and relaxed. It freely admits that the plot is not the point." Several reviewers cited the characters as key to the appeal of the series, though some criticized the characters as unrealistic; the voice acting of Erino Hazuki (Akari) and Junko Minagawa (Akira) were particularly praised. Several reviewers point out that the series does not fit all tastes, being a slow-paced drama with an optimistic outlook.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: The Pittsburgh crime family, also known as the LaRocca crime family or Pittsburgh Mafia, is an Italian American Mafia crime family based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The LaRocca family is one of the original 26 mafia families in United States. In 2021, the last known made member Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti died.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: In the city of Pittsburgh the Italian Mafia was divided into two ethnic factions the "Sicilian's" and the "Neapolitan's". Territory within the city was also divided as the Sicilian's controlled the North and South sides, while the Neapolitan's controlled the East End. In 1919, the United States government


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: passed the Eighteenth Amendment declaring the production, transportation and sale of intoxicating liquors illegal. Months later Congress passed the Volstead Act declaring that liquor, wine and beer all qualified as intoxicating liquors and were therefore prohibited. On January 17, 1920, Prohibition began in the United States, banning all production, importation, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: Prohibition presented a very lucrative opportunity for both Mafia factions, as they began bootlegging, the illegal making, selling and transporting of alcohol. As bootlegging operations expanded throughout America violence erupted as criminals fought for dominance. Within the city of Pittsburgh, the Italian neighborhoods of Larimer, Homewood, the Hill District and Downtown became battel grounds as Mafia factions fought for territorial control of bootlegging rackets. In the suburbs of Pittsburgh, the Mafia factions fought for control of New Kensington, Arnold, Wilkinsburg, McKees Rocks, Wilmerding and Braddock. It was recorded that between 1926 to 1933, there were over 200 murders in Allegheny County.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: The earliest known Mafia boss in Pittsburgh was Stefano Monastero, who in 1925 was distributing bootlegging supplies throughout several warehouses on the North side of Pittsburgh. During Monastero's reign he was suspected of ordering the bombings of rival bootleggers facilities and for ordering the murder of his competitor Luigi "Big Gorilla" Lamendola in May 1927. Monastero and his brother Sam Monastero were murdered on August 6, 1929 in front of St. John's hospital. Pittsburgh Police suspected that Joe "the Ghost" Pangallo, was responsible for ordering Monastero's murder, but were unable to prove it.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: After Monastero's murder Giuseppe Siragusa became the new boss of the Pittsburgh family. Siragusa emigrated in 1910 from Sicily to Brooklyn and later to Pittsburgh, where he manufactured and traded in illegal alcohol in Allegheny County. He became known as the "Yeast Baron", after becoming one of the largest supplier of yeast to illegal beermakers in the area. Siragusa maintained close alliance to the Castellammarese Clan in New York City and paid tribute to Salvatore Maranzano. On September 13, 1931, Siragusa was murdered in his Squirrel Hill home, just days after Salvatore Maranzano was murdered.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: After the murder of Siragusa, the family came under the control of John Bazzano. The new boss Bazzano had immigrated to the United States from Calabria in the 1890s and built a bootlegging empire selling yeast and sugar to home breweries and thereby allowing them to manufacture illegal beer. Bazzano was a protégé of early Pittsburgh mobster Nicola Gentile and learned to keep a low profile. He owned a coffee shop in the Middle Hill and a mansion in Mt. Lebanon a neighborhood outside of Pittsburgh. Bazzano formed an alliance with the eight Volpe brothers, the leaders of the "Neapolitan faction" who controlled illegal rackets throughout the Turtle Creek Valley and Wilmerding.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: Bazzano became aggravated when the Volpe brothers began expanding into East Liberty and the North Side. On July 29, 1932, Bazzano sent a hit team to murder the Volpe brothers, the hit team murdered three of the Volpe brothers. Two of the surviving Volpe brothers went to the "Commission" in New York, and it was decided Bazzano would be held responsible for his unsanctioned hit. On August 8, 1932, Bazzano's body was found in Red Hook, Brooklyn. He had been stabbed and strangled to death.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: Vincenzo Capizzi became the new boss after Bazzano's murder, but he eventually resigned in 1937, and was replaced by Frank Amato. Amato began expanding his influence over the gambling rackets in and around Allegheny County, and formed a strong alliance with the Genovese family in New York City, who represented Pittsburgh at meetings of the eastern Commission. Amato ruled until 1956, when he became ill of a kidney ailment and resigned becoming underboss.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: In 1956, Sebastian "Big John" LaRocca became the boss of the Pittsburgh family and reigned as boss for nearly thirty years. LaRocca was born in 1901 in Sicily and moved to the United States in 1910, he later moved in 1933 with his wife to Pittsburgh. He started a business selling beer equipment and concrete blocks in Oakland. LaRocca later gained control of multiple illegal rackets and was convicted on several occasions for larceny, receiving stolen property and operating an illegal lottery. In 1953, Immigration and Naturalization Service tried to use LaRocca's criminal record to deport him but several prominent figures testified on his behalf during the hearings and he was able to remain in the country until his death in 1984.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: As boss of Pittsburgh, LaRocca attended the 1957 Apalachin Meeting along with his capos Gabriel "Kelly" Mannarino and Michael James Genovese. When the Police raided the Apalachin meeting LaRocca was able to escape the federal authorities but Mannarino and Genovese were unsuccessful and were arrested. LaRocca and capo Mannarino became partners with Tampa crime family boss Santo Trafficante, Jr. in the Sans Souci hotel-casino in Havana, Cuba. In 1959, Fidel Castro took control of Cuba and forced out all the mobsters in the country. Through bribery LaRocca became a powerful Mafia boss by controlling politicians, police officers and other officials in the Pittsburgh area. His family also maintained control of labor unions through Local 1058. LaRocca's influence also grew through close ties to Gambino crime family boss Carlo Gambino, Bufalino crime family boss Russell Bufalino, Philadelphia crime family boss Angelo Bruno and Kansas City crime family boss Nick Civella. In the 1960s, LaRocca's family started a conflict with the Cleveland crime family when they expanded into Youngstown, Ohio. In 1964, LaRocca supported Frank Valenti's takeover of the Rochester crime family from Jake Russo.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: In the early 1980s, the family consisted of Boss Sebastian LaRocca, Underboss Joseph Pecora, Consigliere Michael Genovese and caporegimes John Bazzano Jr., Antonio Ripepi and Joseph Regino. LaRocca died on December 3, 1984.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: Michael Genovese became the new boss of the Pittsburgh crime family, with the death of LaRocca. He started his criminal career by controlling the numbers racket in East Liberty under LaRocca and eventually became a capo operating from Gibsonia, Pennsylvania. Genovese had spent years closely working with then Boss Sebastian John LaRocca, powerful Pittsburgh mobsters Gabriel "Kelly" Mannarino and Joseph Pecora. His reputation and power had increased over the years allowing him to be successfully accepted as the family's new boss. Genovese pursued members of the Pittsburgh family to create a large illegal drug trafficking network. The drug trafficking activities led to increased law enforcement surveillance and investigations. On March 3, 1987 longtime Underboss and West Virginia gambling leader Joseph N. "Jo Jo" Pecora died. After Pecora's death Genovese promoted Charles "Chucky" Porter to Underboss of the family. According to the 1989 crime report by the Pennsylvania Crime Commission the Pittsburgh family was in decline because the family was not accepting new members and the leadership was continuing to grow older.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: In the late 1980s, the FBI increased its investigation into Pittsburgh's top cocaine traffickers, Charles "Chucky" Porter and Louis Raucci, Sr. In March 1990, an indictment charged Charles "Chucky" Porter and Louis F. Raucci Sr., along with seven associates, on charges of drug distribution, extortion, conspiracy to commit murder, robbery, gambling and racketeering. The Pennsylvania Crime Commission considered Porter to be Genovese's "right-hand man," while Raucci was said to "sit on the left side" of the boss. Both Porter and Louis F. Raucci were convicted numerous charges of drug distribution, extortion and racketeering. The family's Underboss Charles Porter decided to cooperate with the government leading the conviction of many top members and associates of the Pittsburgh family. By 1992, there was only a few members and associates operating in western Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio. The Pittsburgh family's main source of income was illegal sports and numbers gambling. In 1996, former capo Louis Raucci, Sr. died in prison. Genovese's former underboss Charles Porter was released from prison in 2000 after his 28 year sentence was halved for helping the FBI investigate mob operations from New York, New Jersey, Florida and California, including narcotics operations in Pittsburgh. On October 31, 2006, boss Michael Genovese died after of years of fighting with bladder cancer and heart disease. John Bazzano Jr. took over as boss, until his death on July 28, 2008.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: In 2008, Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti became boss of what remained of the Pittsburgh family. Ciancutti himself was one of the remaining made members in Pittsburgh because many members were indicted and convicted in the late 1990s and many remaining members died in 2000s. According to FBI informants Ciancutti controlled a large illegal gambling ring with top bookmakers Robert Iannelli, John "Duffy" Conley, Jeff Risha and Ronnie "Porky" Melocchi, who all paid him for protection.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: On September 5, 2013 "Operation Pork Chop" concluded charging associate Ronald “Porky” Melocchi and others with bookmaking and illegal gambling. In 2013, retired FBI special agent Roger Greenbank spoke about the Pittsburgh family and said "There's no real structure anymore. There's no real family." In 2016, Sonny Ciancutti’s most trusted associate Jeff Risha died of cancer. Ciancutti continued to remain low profile using associates to run the Pittsburgh's local bookmaking and illegal gambling operations. In 2019, Robert Iannelli, a longtime Pittsburgh area sports gambling and bookmaker, was arrested along with his son and others.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: On July 8, 2021, Pittsburgh family boss Thomas "Sonny" Ciancutti died. Ciancutti was the last known made member in the Pittsburgh family.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: The Pittsburgh family used associates to control the illegal gambling and loansharking operations in Youngstown, Ohio and throughout the Mahoning Valley. During the early 1970s the faction gained control of the gambling rackets in Youngstown and shared some of the profits with the Cleveland crime family.


title: Pittsburgh crime family

text: The Pittsburgh family used associates to control the illegal gambling and loansharking operations in Wheeling, West Virginia and the surrounding areas.


title: Betty Clooney

text: Betty Clooney (April 12, 1931 – August 5, 1976) was an American singer, TV presenter and pioneer who briefly rose to fame in the 1950s with sister Rosemary Clooney. She led a very brief solo career, with songs like "Kiki" and "You're All I See". She married actor and musician Pupi Campo in 1955, and they had four children.


title: Betty Clooney

text: Elizabeth Ann Clooney was born in Maysville, Kentucky. She was the second of three children, her older sister was Rosemary Clooney, her younger brother was Nicholas Joseph Clooney and her nephew was actor George Clooney.