title: Irish traditional music

text: The revival of interest in Irish traditional culture was closely linked to Nationalist calls for independence and was catalysed by the foundation of the Gaelic League in 1893. This sought to encourage the rediscovery and affirmation of Irish traditional arts by focusing upon the Irish language, but also established an annual competition, the Feis Cheoil, in 1903 as a focus for its activities.


title: Irish traditional music

text: In the US, traditional musicians remained popular in Irish communities in large cities such as Chicago. Francis O'Neill (1848–1936) was a collector and promoter of Irish traditional music whose work was a "huge influence on the evolution of Irish traditional dance music in the twentieth century". As well as publishing large compendiums of tunes, O'Neill is credited with making some of the earliest recordings of Irish Musicians on Edison wax cylinders. In the 1920s and 1930s the records of emigrant musicians such as Ed Reavy, Michael Coleman, James Morrison and John McKenna breathed new life into music being played back in Ireland.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Religion also played a role in the re-development of Irish culture. The actual achievement of independence from Britain tallied closely with a new Irish establishment desire to separate Irish culture from the European mainstream, but the new Irish government also paid heed to clerical calls to curtail 'jazz dancing' and other suggestions of a dereliction in Irish morality—though it was not until 1935 that the Public Dance Halls Act curtailed the right of anyone to hold their own events; from then on, no public musical or dancing events could be held in a public space without a license and most of those were usually only granted to 'suitable' persons – often the parish priest.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Combined with continued emigration, and the priesthood's inevitable zeal in closing down un-licensed events, the upshot was to drive traditional music and dancing back into the cottage where it remained until returning migrants persuaded pub owners to host sessions in the early 1960s.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Seán Ó Riada's The Chieftains, The Clancy Brothers, The Irish Rovers, The Dubliners and Sweeney's Men were in large part responsible for a second wave of revitalisation of Irish folk music in the 1960s, followed by Planxty, The Bothy Band and Clannad in the 70s. This revival was aided in part by a loose movement of musicians founded in 1951 with the aim of preserving traditional music, Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann, which led to the popular Fleadh Cheoil (music festival).


title: Irish traditional music

text: The 1960s saw a number of innovative performers. Christy Moore and Dónal Lunny, for example, first performing as a duo, and later creating two of the best-known bands of the era, Planxty and Moving Hearts (in the 1980s). The Clancys broke open the field in the US in the early part of the decade, which inspired vocal groups like The Dubliners, while Ceoltóirí Chualann's instrumental music spawned perhaps the best-known Irish traditional band, The Chieftains, which formed in 1963.


title: Irish traditional music

text: By the 1970s, Planxty and Clannad set the stage for a major popular blossoming of Irish music. Formed in 1974, The Bothy Band became the spearcarriers of that movement; their début album, "1975" (1975), inspired a legion of fans. New groups that appeared in their wake included Moving Hearts formed by Dónal Lunny and Christy Moore and featuring Davy Spillane on uilleann pipes – the first time this had effectively happened in a rock setting. The Folk Music Society of Ireland was founded in 1971, and the Irish Traditional Music Archive was set up in 1987.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Celtic rock is a genre of folk rock and a form of Celtic fusion pioneered in Ireland which incorporates Celtic music, instrumentation and themes into a rock music context. It can be seen as a key foundation of the development of highly successful mainstream Celtic bands and popular musical performers, as well as creating important derivatives through further fusions. Perhaps the most successful product of this scene was the band Thin Lizzy. Formed in 1969 their first two albums were recognisably influenced by traditional Irish music and their first hit single 'Whiskey in the Jar' in 1972, was a rock version of a traditional Irish song. From this point they began to move towards the hard rock that allowed them to gain a series of hit singles and albums, but retained some occasional elements of Celtic rock on later albums such as "Jailbreak" (1976). Formed in 1970 Horslips were the first Irish group to have the terms 'Celtic rock' applied to them, produced work that included traditional Irish/Celtic music and instrumentation, Celtic themes and imagery, concept albums based on Irish mythology in a way that entered the territory of progressive rock all powered by a hard rock sound. Horslips are considered important in the history of Irish rock as they were the first major band to enjoy success without having to leave their native country and can be seen as providing a template for Celtic rock in Ireland and elsewhere.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Traditional music, especially sean nós singing, played a major part in Irish popular music later in the century, with Van Morrison, Hothouse Flowers and Sinéad O'Connor using traditional elements in popular songs. Enya achieved enormous international success with New Age/Celtic fusions. The Pogues, led by Shane MacGowan, helped fuse Irish folk with punk rock. This resulted in top ten hits in Ireland, the UK and the USA. Afro-Celt Sound System combined Celtic instrumentals with West African influences and drum n bass in the 1990s.


title: Irish traditional music

text: In the 1980s, notable folk bands included De Dannan, Altan, Dervish and Patrick Street. A growing interest in Irish music at this time helped many artistes gain more recognition abroad, including Mary Black, and Sharon Shannon. The BBC screened a documentary series about the influence of Irish music called "Bringing it all Back Home" (a reference to both the Bob Dylan album and the way in which Irish traditional music has travelled, especially in the New World following the Irish diaspora, which in turn has come back to influence modern Irish rock music). This series also helped to raise the profile of many artists relatively little known outside Ireland.


title: Irish traditional music

text: In the 2000s Beoga, Gráda, Danú and Teada are among the youngest major instrumental bands of a largely traditional bent.


title: Irish traditional music

text: There are many other Irish bands developing fusions of local and Irish music such as Flook, Kíla, Gráda and The Dave Munnelly Band.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Several organisations are involved in collecting and promoting traditional Irish music. These include Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann, the Folk Music Society of Ireland, Irish Traditional Music Archive, and Irish World Academy of Music and Dance (University of Limerick).


title: Irish traditional music

text: Regionally focused organisations include the Ionad Cultúrtha, a regional cultural centre for the traditional and contemporary arts, in Ballyvourney, County Cork. It also holds music and visual art events.


title: Irish traditional music

text: Pub sessions are now the home for much of Irish traditional music, which takes place at informal gatherings in country and urban pubs. The first known of these modern pub sessions took place in 1947 in London's Camden Town at a bar called the Devonshire Arms (although some ethnomusicologists believe that Irish immigrants in the United States may have held sessions before this); the practice was only later introduced to Ireland. By the 1960s pubs like O'Donoghues in Dublin were holding their own pub sessions.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: House of X and Powers of X (abbreviated as HOX and POX) are two X-Men comic books created by writer Jonathan Hickman and artists Pepe Larraz, R.B. Silva and Marte Gracia, published by Marvel Comics in 2019. Both comic books are part of a crossover storyline within the Marvel Universe that lead to the "Dawn of X" relaunch.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: After Jonathan Hickman completed his run on "Avengers" and "New Avengers" with the 2015 crossover "Secret Wars," he stepped away from Marvel Comics for a time to focus on creator-owned projects. His return was announced in March 2019. Some days later, it was revealed that he would write two interlocking miniseries entitled "House of X" and "Powers of X", with penciling by Pepe Larraz and R.B. Silva respectively. Marvel Editor in Chief C. B. Cebulski said that "We are excited to have Jon back with the Marvel family, and we could not have asked for a better creative team to help usher the X-Men into a whole new era"


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: The comics marked a company-wide relaunch of the X-Men. To this end, all ongoing X-Men comics - "Uncanny X-Men", "Mr. and Mrs. X", "X-Force", "X-23", and the "Age of X-Man" miniseries - were cancelled.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Several ambassadors arrive at the Jerusalem Habitat, responding to a telepathic message sent by Charles Xavier to recognize a new sovereign nation of Mutants, called Krakoa. The ambassadors are met by the newly appointed Krakoan ambassador Magneto.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Near the sun, spacecraft approach the station known as "The Forge," home base of a human group called Orchis. Orchis is the self-proclaimed "last hope" for humanity, made up of various members of human organizations such as A.I.M., S.H.I.E.L.D., Hydra, Alpha Flight, and others, allied to prevent the extinction of homo sapiens to mutants.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Meanwhile, a team made up of Mystique, Sabretooth, and Toad infiltrate the base of Damage Control searching for information in the databases. While they get what they searched for, Sabertooth maims several guards in the chaos and is eventually captured by the Fantastic Four.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: In a dark future Earth, humans and mutants are locked in an apocalyptic, decades-long war, ultimately stemming from the creation of the mutant nation-state on Krakoa. A series of journal notes interspersed throughout the issue provide historical backstory.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Professor X and Moira McTaggert visit Magneto on his island base in Bermuda. Magneto agrees to Professor X and Moira's proposal, a long-term plan to guarantee the future of mutantkind.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: At the Temple of Concordance, the X-Men attack the Church of Ascendancy, an organization dedicated to the worship of the machines. Omega Sentinel confronts the X-Men and Rasputin IV kills all the remaining X-Men and the Sentinels.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Meanwhile, Apocalypse leads Wolverine's War form and Cypher's Famine form into an old machine databank to find an information crystal. War releases Mother Akkaba, also known as Moira, from her stasis. The Year One Hundred storyline is revealed to take place during Moira's ninth life.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: Cyclops informs X and Magneto that he has assembled a team in order to attack the Mother Mold facility orbiting the Sun. After meeting, they embark on the mission.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: On Krakoa, X and Magneto contact Marvel Girl to monitor the mission. Wolverine and Nightcrawler are successful in destroying the collars, but the ship is boarded by Orchis forces. The humans activate the Mother Mold, not knowing whether it will be sane or not. X tells them to do whatever it takes to stop it. Nightcrawler teleports Wolverine onto the collar before being instantly evaporated by the sun. Wolverine's healing factor allows him time to carve through it before he too is evaporated as the Mother Mold hurtles into the sun.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: With the mission complete, Cyclops tries to locate Jean's pod, but Doctor Gregor executes him. The Sentinel drones arrive, intercept Jean's pod, and work to kill her. As his proteges have seemingly all died at the hands of humans once again, X cries and vows "no more."


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: X and Magneto head to the island of Bar Sinister to seek Mister Sinister's assistance to build a database of mutant DNA. He declines, but is promptly killed by another Mister Sinister clone with the mutant gene. That version readily agrees to help. Xavier then wipes the memory of their meeting from Mister Sinister's mind.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: On Krakoa, X, Magneto, Storm, and Polaris assemble and are joined by five other mutants: Eva Bell, Proteus, Hope Summers, Elixir, and Egg. Magneto explains that the five mutants, collectively known as The Five, are able to revive deceased mutants. Storm brings The Five and the revived mutants out, proudly announcing that The Five has allowed the nation of Krakoa to defeat death. The revived mutants enter the crowd as Storm calls them the "Heroes of Krakoa".


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: X meets with Forge and asks him to modify Cerebro to allow it to store duplicate mutants' minds. In another timeline, X and Magneto meet with Emma Frost in the Louvre in order to recruit the Hellfire Corporation to aid in the establishment of Krakoa.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: One month prior to the events of the series, Xavier uses Cerebro to offer Krakoa's miracle drugs to all of humanity.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: When Xavier sees all of Moira's lifetimes, Xavier is crushed by the experience and the revelation that mutant-kind will always lose. Moira explains that the one constant throughout all her lives is that Professor X is a good person and that she had to break that part of him to ensure mutant survival.


title: House of X and Powers of X

text: "House of X" holds an average rating of 9.2 by 130 professional critics, while "Powers of X" holds a rating of 8.8 by 121 critics on review aggregation website Comic Book Roundup.


title: Karel Roden

text: Karel Roden (born 18 May 1962) is a Czech actor, popularly known for his roles in "Hellboy" and "The Bourne Supremacy", and his voice work in "Grand Theft Auto IV".


title: Karel Roden

text: Roden followed his father and grandfather into acting. Roden first graduated from the Comprehensive Art Secondary School for Ceramics before being admitted to the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague.


title: Karel Roden

text: Roden's feature film career began almost simultaneous with his theatre work in 1984 as Honza, a medical student in the 2nd part of a trilogy entitled "How the poets are losing their illusions" (Jak básníci přicházejí o iluze), a lighthearted, comic look at life through the lives of young university students. Roden's Honza also appeared in the final installation of the trilogy, "How poets are enjoying their lives" (Jak básníkům chutná život).


title: Karel Roden

text: Other comic turns include Roden's Captain Tuma in "Who's That Soldier?", a humoristic look at life as a soldier in the socialist Czech army, the character Dragan in the action-thriller "Dead Fish" with Gary Oldman and Terence Stamp. In the comedy crime-thriller "Shut Up and Shoot Me", Roden plays the hen-pecked husband hired to assassinate a grieving widow.


title: Karel Roden

text: During the 1990s, he spent some time in London, which improved his English and gave him necessary exposure and access to the international scene. Hence, since being outside of Czechoslovakia he has become known mostly for his character actor roles which began in 2001 when Roden secured his first major role in the American psychological thriller, "15 Minutes", where he played the criminal Emil Slovak partnered with Oleg Taktarov opposite NYPD cop Flemming played by Robert De Niro. This was followed by a similar role, as the lawyer Carter Kounen, in the service of a vampire clan, in the movie "Blade II" in 2002.


title: Karel Roden

text: This was followed by what became a series of type-cast roles including the action movie "Bulletproof Monk", where he plays the Nazi megalomaniac Strucker. This was no doubt due to his heavy accent and distinct features, which bring him close to the stereo-typed Hollywood villain, although his voice was dubbed over by another actor in Blade II. This greatly understates, however, the plethora of characters he has portrayed throughout his career, particularly in Czechoslovakia.


title: Karel Roden

text: His movie roles to date include "15 Minutes" (2001), "Blade II" (2002), "Bulletproof Monk" (2003), "The Bourne Supremacy" (2004), as Grigori Rasputin in "Hellboy" (2004), "Running Scared" (2006), "Largo Winch" (2008), "RocknRolla" (2008), and "Orphan" (2009). He also played the Russian movie critic Emil Dachevsky in the film "Mr. Bean's Holiday" (2007). He played Noble Thurzo in "Bathory" (2008), co-production movie filmed by Slovak director Juraj Jakubisko, "A Lonely Place to Die" (2011) and a role as the Czech mobster Karel Benes in the TV series "McMafia" (2019).


title: Karel Roden

text: For his main character in "Guard No. 47", Karel Roden received the Czech Lion Award for Best Actor in Leading Role. 8 years later, he received the same award for the portrayal of Jan Masaryk in "A Prominent Patient". He also received Alfréd Radok Award in 1998 for performing Bruno in "Le Cocu Magnifique" by Fernand Crommelynck. Other notable role was Don Juan in Grabbe's "Don Juan and Faust" (Divadlo v Dlouhé). He also appeared in two plays with his brother Marian. He was also a member of the prestigious Prague National Theatre. At the moment he can be found at Theatre Studio DVA in several performances.


title: Karel Roden

text: Roden has also voiced Mikhail Faustin and Wade "The Fixer" Johnson in the video game "Grand Theft Auto IV".


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Bury Association Football Club is a fan-owned English association football club representing the town of Bury, Greater Manchester. It was established in December 2019 as a phoenix of Bury F.C., which had recently been expelled from the English Football League (EFL). Bury AFC won the 2021–22 North West Counties Football League Division One North championship, earning promotion to the league's Premier Division for the 2022–23 season. The team play their home games at Stainton Park in nearby Radcliffe through a groundshare agreement with Radcliffe F.C.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: In October 2022 supporters were urged to vote in a poll regarding a potential amalgamation of the Bury Football Club Supporters' Society (who owned Gigg Lane and the "Bury F.C." trading name) and the Shakers Community Society (who owned Bury AFC). If the merger was agreed, a new society - The Football Supporters' Society of Bury - would be formed, based at Gigg Lane, while Bury AFC would change its playing name to Bury Football Club. However, the proposals failed to reach the required 66% threshold from both societies; the Shakers Community Society voted 94% in favour while the BFCSS vote in favour fell short, at 63%.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Crippled by mounting debts, Bury F.C. was expelled from the English Football League (EFL) on 27 August 2019 because of its inability to furnish proof of its financial viability. Although the club continued to exist, fears grew that it would be liquidated and, in December 2019, a group of supporters resolved to form a phoenix club which they named Bury Association Football Club (Bury AFC).


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Some 300 Bury FC fans came forward to help and they formed a company registered as Bury Football Club (2019) Ltd (trading as Bury AFC), with its office in Rawtenstall. The club is fan-owned on the basis of one member one vote. Their motto is: "By the fans. For the fans". The new club immediately applied to the North West Counties Football League, the tenth tier of the English football league system, for membership in the 2020–21 season. The league approved the application on 21 February 2020. The club then also applied to play in the FA Vase. Membership increased and had exceeded 650 by early August 2020. It reached 1,000 in October, when the team started playing, with each member paying £5 per month.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: The formation of the club was followed in the BBC podcast documentary series, Out Of Our League by journalists and Bury fans Mark Crossley and Sanny Rudravajhala for BBC Sounds.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, English football league competitions below the top flights were cancelled, but Bury AFC anticipated a September 2020 restart and advertised for a team manager, receiving some 750 applications. On 29 July, Ossett United manager and former Sunderland, Leicester City and Blackpool midfielder Andy Welsh was appointed as the club's first team manager. On 10 August, the club announced its first signing, Scottish midfielder Adam McWilliam, aged 25, who had spent the previous season with AFC Totton in the Southern League. The next day, Bury signed forward Liam MacDevitt, also aged 25, from Stalybridge Celtic. The draw for the first qualifying round of the 2020–21 FA Vase was completed on 19 August and Bury were drawn away against NWCFL Division One South side West Didsbury & Chorlton at Brookburn Road. On 26 August, Bury AFC played its first-ever match, a pre-season friendly at Daisy Hill, and won 5–0.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: The 2020–21 season was the club's inaugural season. The FA Vase tie, played on 19 September, was the team's first competitive game, but they lost 2–1. The club's first competitive goal was a penalty scored by Greg Daniels. On 3 October, they played their first league game, at home against Steeton, and won 3–2 having been 1–2 down at the end of normal time. Tony Whitehead had scored in the first half and the match was won after Tom Greaves scored two goals in injury time.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Bury's next two matches were postponed because of local COVID-19 restrictions affecting their intended opponents, Holker Old Boys (based in Barrow-in-Furness) and Pilkington FC (based in St Helens). They played another phoenix club AFC Darwen (the successor to Darwen F.C.) at home on 17 October and won 6–2 after two goals by Aidan Chippendale and four by Tom Greaves. They took four points from the next three games to go second in the table but then the season was postponed for six weeks because of the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions then in force. The season was suspended in December, and was subsequently abandoned on 24 February 2021.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: In the 2021–22 season, Bury AFC played in the North West Counties Football League Division One North. On 27 March 2022, before a crowd of over 1,800 people, a 4–0 home victory over St Helens Town secured the club's promotion to the NWCFL Premier Division as divisional champions. Manager Andy Welsh praised his players for their season-long consistency.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Having previously won four of their first five NWCL Premier Division matches, Bury AFC won a televised FA Cup first qualifying round tie against North Shields 2–1, and, after beating Congleton Town and Clitheroe, were drawn at home in the fourth qualifying round to National League side York City, who beat Bury AFC 2–1 on 15 October 2022.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: In May 2022, the Bury FC Supporters Society signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) regarding the future of the club, with the Shakers Community Society on behalf of Bury AFC among the signatories. The MoU set out objectives including bringing professional football back to Bury, and uniting and growing the fan base. In July 2022, Bury fans were asked to back a merger of the two principal supporters' groups (BFCSS and the Shakers Community Society) to bring professional football back to Gigg Lane. However, continued tensions between Bury FC and Bury AFC hampered progress. A Bury FC fans protest against the merger led to games at Radcliffe Juniors FC's playing fields being cancelled on 3 September 2022, while a 12-year old girl and a player were injured after a flare was thrown at Stainton Park during Bury AFC's FA Cup first qualifying round tie against North Shields on the same day, though it was unclear if this incident was linked to the protest.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Local football supporters were urged to vote in a poll, facilitated by the Football Supporters' Association, regarding a potential merger of BFCSS (who owned Gigg Lane and the Bury FC name) and the Shakers Community Society (who owned Bury AFC). Warned by the FSA that there was no "viable and sustainable alternative to the merger", the two groups both recommended their members to vote in favour. If the merger was agreed at special meetings on 28 October and 11 November, a new society - The Football Supporters' Society of Bury - would be formed, based at Gigg Lane, while Bury AFC would change its playing name to Bury Football Club. However, the proposals failed to reach the required 66% threshold from both societies; the Shakers Community Society voted 94% in favour while the BFCSS vote in favour fell short, at 63%. Within hours of the vote being declared on 28 October 2022, Bury MBC announced it would "now not be making that [£450,000] funding available", but remained "happy to have further discussions with all concerned parties on the way forward".


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: In 2020, there was no possibility of the new club playing its matches at Gigg Lane, home of Bury FC, and a groundshare was agreed with Radcliffe FC for the 2020–21 NWCFL season, so the team's home venue is Stainton Park (currently called the Neuven Stadium for sponsorship reasons) in Radcliffe, which is about 2.5 miles (4 km) south-west of Bury. The ground has a capacity of 4,000 with 350 seats.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Bury AFC enquired about renting Gigg Lane but the request was rejected on 5 April 2022 as "not feasible" by the Bury FC Supporters Society who cited commercial risks and imbalances that could jeopardise a future merger with Bury AFC.


title: Bury A.F.C.

text: Bury AFC being a new club, supporters of the old Bury F.C. have considered Bolton Wanderers F.C, Rochdale A.F.C and Oldham Athletic to be their main rivals together with Accrington Stanley F.C. and Wigan Athletic F.C. amongst other fringe rivals however meetings between clubs are currently rare due to Bury AFC’s position lower in the football pyramid.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: Les Misérables is a 2019 French crime thriller film directed by Ladj Ly in his full-length feature directorial debut, from a screenplay by Ly, Giordano Gederlini and Alexis Manenti, based on Ly's 2017 short film of the same name. Manenti stars alongside Damien Bonnard, Djebril Zonga, Issa Percia, Al-Hassan Ly, Steve Tientcheu, Almany Kanoute and Nizar Ben Fatma.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: The film, set in the commune of Montfermeil in the aftermath of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, is based on a real-life occurrence of police violence which took place in the city on 14 October 2008, and was observed and filmed by Ly. The story follows several characters within the commune, as a theft from a teenager spirals into the threat of a large crisis. The film's title is a reference to the Victor Hugo 1862 novel of the same name, written in Montfermeil and partially set in it; in the novel, Montfermeil is also the setting of the meeting of Jean Valjean and Cosette, a girl abused by her adoptive parents. The film depicts abuses against poor citizens, especially teenagers of sub-Saharan African or Maghrebi ethnicities, thus stressing the continuity in the fate of the poor in Montfermeil.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: It had its world premiere on 15 May 2019 at the Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Jury Prize. It was released in France on 20 November 2019 and received critical acclaim, earning twelve nominations at the César Awards and winning four including Best Film. Among other honors, it was selected as the French entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 92nd Academy Awards, eventually achieving the nomination.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: The film begins with images of the crowd in Paris celebrating the victory of the French team at the 2018 FIFA World Cup in the Avenue des Champs-Élysées, which had been perceived and celebrated in France as a moment of brotherhood between people of different social classes or ethnicities.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: Soon after, Stéphane Ruiz, a police officer who recently moved to Paris and joined the anti-crime brigade, is assigned to work with squad leader Chris and brigadier Gwada on duty in the nearby city of Montfermeil. Chris often aggressively abuses his power on teenagers, with Gwada complacent with that abuse; while he feels unease, Stéphane doesn't interfere. Meanwhile, Issa, a known juvenile delinquent, steals Johnny, a lion cub, from a circus, causing its owner Zorro to go to the local community leader known as "the Mayor" and threaten to return with firearms if Johnny is not returned. Chris and his squadron are tasked with finding and retrieving the cub.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: One of Issa's friends takes a picture of Issa with the cub and posts it on Instagram, leading Chris to find out that Issa is the culprit. They chase, capture and handcuff him, but he claims that the cub had run away. Issa's friends then attack the three officers, throwing things at them to stop them from taking Issa in. When Issa tries to run away, Gwada, having accidentally teargassed himself during the chase, shoots him in the face with a flash-ball. Issa's friends scatter, but the squadron realize that they have been filmed by a drone, which escapes. While Stéphane wants to take a badly wounded Issa to a hospital, Chris and Gwada refuse, and instead the trio take him with them in their search for the drone's owner.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: The trio arrive at a local neighborhood contact of Chris, leaving Issa in their care and using information given to them by that contact to find Buzz, the teenager the drone belongs to, forcing him to flee before he can upload the video. Buzz, who still carries the drone's memory card, escapes the squadron and takes shelter with Salah, a restaurant owner and key member of the local Islamic community. Both the squadron and the Mayor, having found out, arrive at Salah's restaurant. After a tense confrontation during which Chris attempts to illegally arrest Buzz, Ruiz convinces Salah to give him the memory card, claiming that Issa's shooting was just an accident.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: After recovering Issa and the cub (which happened to be spotted near them), the squadron takes the two to the circus. Although Issa is made to apologize, Zorro attempts to lock him as well as the cub inside a cage with a fully grown lion, scaring Issa into wetting himself and almost making Stéphane shoot the lion, until Issa is eventually let go. Deciding that Issa has learned his lesson, Chris drops him off and warns him not to tell anyone what happened, and, if asked about his injury, to say that he slipped and fell. In the evening, the characters involved in that day's event seemingly return to their normal lives, some with visible signs of distress and doubt. Issa, who had been told earlier that his father did not want him back home because of his behavior, sits alone on a ruined couch, traumatized. Later that night, Ruiz meets Gwada in a bar and tells him that he knows that a flash-ball cannot be fired by accident, and that Gwada had therefore intentionally shot Issa. Gwada blames his stress and the children for overwhelming him, and Stéphane, while unconvinced, leaves Gwada with the card, telling him to "do what you gotta do".


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: The next day, the squadron, while on patrol, gets attacked by a small group led by Issa. They chase them, falling into Issa's trap and ending up assaulted by a much larger group of teenagers, leaving them trapped from all sides in a stairwell and fighting for their lives. Chris is wounded when a bottle breaks on his face, and the backup car Stéphane radios for gets immediately destroyed by the teenagers, forcing the backup policemen to flee. They also attack the Mayor's office, and end up clubbing him and throwing him down a set of stairs. Stéphane pounds on the nearest door, begging for help, which happens to be the door to Buzz's apartment; however, Buzz further locks the door. Issa lights a molotov cocktail and prepares to finish the squadron off with it, leading Stéphane to point his gun at him and warn him not to. The screen fades to black as both Issa and Stéphane try to decide what to do next, and a quote from Victor Hugo's "Les Misérables" appears: "Remember this, my friends: there are no such things as bad plants or bad men. There are only bad cultivators."


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: In October 2018, it was announced Damien Bonnard, Alexis Manenti and Djebril Zonga had joined the cast of the film, with Ladj Ly directing from a screenplay he wrote alongside Giordano Gederlini and Alexis Manenti.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: The film had its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival on 15 May 2019. Shortly after, Amazon Studios acquired U.S. distribution rights to the film. It also screened at the Toronto International Film Festival on 10 September 2019. It was released in France on 20 November 2019 by Le Pacte. It was released in the United States on 10 January 2020.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: "Les Misérables" grossed $330,181 in the United States and Canada and $18,8 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $19.2 million, against a production budget of about $2.5 million.


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: , of the reviews compiled on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes are positive, with an average rating of . The website's critical consensus reads, ""Les Misérables" transcends its unwieldy story with compelling ideas and an infectious energy that boils over during a thrilling final act." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 78 out of 100, based on 35 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews."


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: "Le Journal du dimanche" revealed that Emmanuel Macron was "upset by the accuracy" of "Les Misérables", so much so that he "asked the government to hurry to find ideas and act to improve living conditions in the banlieues". Jacques Dion, in "Marianne", said that "[Macron] must never have heard of the for the banlieues that he himself had abandoned."


title: Les Misérables (2019 film)

text: People such as Jean-Louis Borloo support the film, and Valérie Pécresse wrote in a tweet: "Proud that the region supported #LesMiserables a real film about the banlieue, which alerts us to the absolute necessity of a plan for the banlieues which does away with ghetto neighbourhoods, with a real ten year strategy!"


title: Executive Order 11110

text: This executive order amended Executive Order 10289 (dated September 17, 1951) by delegating to the Secretary of the Treasury the president's authority to issue silver certificates under the Thomas Amendment of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended by the Gold Reserve Act. The order allowed the Secretary to issue silver certificates, if any were needed, during the transition period under President Kennedy's plan to eliminate Silver Certificates and use Federal Reserve Notes.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: On November 28, 1961, President Kennedy halted sales of silver by the Treasury Department. Increasing demand for silver as an industrial metal had led to an increase in the market price of silver above the United States government's fixed price. This led to a decline in the government's excess silver reserves by over 80% during 1961. Kennedy also called upon Congress to phase out silver certificates in favor of Federal Reserve notes which, according to the Associated Press at that time, were still backed by gold.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: Kennedy repeated his calls for Congress to act on several occasions, including his 1963 Economic Report, where he wrote:


title: Executive Order 11110

text: I again urge a revision in our silver policy to reflect the status of silver as a metal for which there is an expanding industrial demand. Except for its use in coins, silver serves no useful monetary function.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: In 1961, at my direction, sales of silver were suspended by the Secretary of the Treasury. As further steps, I recommend repeal of those Acts that oblige the Treasury to support the price of silver; and repeal of the special 50-percent tax on transfers of interest in silver and authorization for the Federal Reserve System to issue notes in denominations of $1, so as to make possible the gradual withdrawal of silver certificates from circulation and the use of the silver thus released for coinage purposes. I urge the Congress to take prompt action on these recommended changes.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: The House of Representatives took up the president's request early in 1963, and passed HR 5389 on April 10, 1963, by a vote of 251 to 122. The Senate passed the bill on May 23, by a vote of 68 to 10.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: Kennedy signed the bill into law on June 4, 1963, and on the same day signed an executive order (11110) authorizing the Treasury Secretary to continue printing silver certificates during the transition


title: Executive Order 11110

text: period. The act, which became Public Law 88-36 (77 Stat. 54), repealed the Silver Purchase Act of 1934 and related laws, repealed a tax on silver transfers, and authorized the Federal Reserve to issue one- and two-dollar bills, in addition to the notes they were already issuing. The Silver Purchase Act had authorized and required the Secretary of the Treasury to buy silver and issue silver certificates. With its repeal, the President needed to delegate to the Treasury Secretary the President's own authority under the Agricultural Adjustment Act.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: President Kennedy's Executive Order (E.O.) 11110 modified the pre-existing Executive Order 10289 issued by U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 17, 1951, and stated the following:


title: Executive Order 11110

text: E.O. 10289 then lists tasks (a) through (h) which the Secretary may now do without instruction from the President. None of the powers assigned to the Treasury in E.O. 10289 relate to money or to monetary policy.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: In March 1964, Secretary of the Treasury C. Douglas Dillon halted redemption of silver certificates for silver dollars.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: In the 1970s, large numbers of the remaining silver dollars in the mint vaults were sold to the collecting public for collector value.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: In 1982, Congress repealed the remaining legislative authority behind E.O. 11110 with the passage of .


title: Executive Order 11110

text: On September 9, 1987, as part of a general clean-up of executive orders, President Ronald Reagan issued Executive Order 12608, which removed the text which had been added to E.O. 10289 by E.O. 11110. Specifically, E.O. 12608 revoked subparagraph (j) of paragraph 1 of E.O. 10289, as amended by E.O. 11110.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: Although E.O. 12608 explicitly revoked the relevant portion of E.O. 10289 which had been added by E.O. 11110, thereby effectively revoking E.O. 11110 as such, the original legislative authority underpinning the order had, of course, already been nullified five years earlier, back in 1982.


title: Executive Order 11110

text: Jim Marrs, in his book "Crossfire", presented the theory that Kennedy was trying to rein in the power of the Federal Reserve, and that forces opposed to such action might have played at least some part in the assassination. Marrs alleges that the issuance of Executive Order 11110 was an effort by Kennedy to transfer power from the Federal Reserve to the United States Department of the Treasury by replacing Federal Reserve Notes with silver certificates. Author Richard Belzer named the responsible parties in this theory as American "billionaires, power brokers, and bankers ... working in tandem with the CIA and other sympathetic agents of the government."


title: Executive Order 11110

text: Critics of the theory note that Executive Order 11110 was a technicality that only delegated existing presidential powers to the Secretary of the Treasury for administrative convenience during a period of transition.


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: Sid the Science Kid (also known as Jim Henson's Sid the Science Kid) is an American computer-animated children’s television series on PBS Kids. It aired from September 1, 2008 to March 25, 2013, with a total of 66 half-hour episodes produced over two seasons, and lasted for four years. The computer generated show is produced by The Jim Henson Company and PBS affiliates KCET channel 28 in Los Angeles, California for season 1, and KOCE-TV channel 50 in Huntington Beach, a suburb of Los Angeles, for season 2, using the Henson Digital Puppetry Studio. The show is produced by motion capture which allows puppeteers to voice digitally animated characters in real time.


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: Production began in January 2008 with 42 half-hour episodes of "Sid the Science Kid" having been ordered. The series debuted on PBS Kids on September 1, 2008 with a two-year on-air commitment. The original working title for the series was "What's the Big Idea?" and the central character, Sid, was originally named Josh. The series is the second CGI animated show to use the motion capture technique after "Donkey Kong Country".


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: The main character in the show is Sid, an "inquisitive youngster" who uses comedy to tackle questions kids have about basic scientific principles and why things work the way they do. He tries to answer questions and solve problems with the help of his classmates (May, Gerald, Gabriela, and Jojo), Teacher Susie, and his family (his mother Alice, his father Mort, his Grandma Rose and his baby brother Zeke). In "Hello Doggie," Sid's Grandma adopts a dog from the animal shelter (which she names Philbert – voiced by Bruce Lanoil, motion captured by Daisy the dog).


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: The conceptual content of Sid is based in national science learning standards, cognitive learning theory, and on the preschool science curriculum, Preschool Pathways to Science.


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: Each week's episodes are built around a single scientific topic or concept. The first week (episodes 1 – 5) focuses on scientific tools and concepts (such as charts, observation, estimation, and measuring). The second week (episodes 6 – 10) focuses on changes and transformation (including decay, growth, freezing and melting, and the effects of heat). The third week (episodes 11 – 15) focuses on the senses (including touch, smell, sight, taste, and hearing). The fourth week (episodes 16 – 20) focuses on health (including brushing teeth, eating good-tasting food, sneezing and exercise). The fifth week (episodes 21 – 25) focuses on simple machines (including wheels, inclined planes, levers and pulleys). The sixth week (episodes 26 – 30) focuses on backyard science. The seventh week (episodes 31 – 35) focuses on the human body. The eighth week (episodes 36 – 40) focuses on weather. The Friday shows are designed to review, reinforce and summarize the central concept of the week.


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: A TV movie titled "Sid the Science Kid: The Movie" premiered on PBS Kids on March 25, 2013. It featured the original voice cast of the show, with special guest voice Christopher Lloyd as Dr. Bonanodon. In the movie, Sid and his friends enter a contest and win a trip to a new science museum in town. Sid and Gabriela won the contest and are allowed inside the museum before it officially opens to the public. Along the way, they meet some new friends; such as Yang Yang, Niu Niu, and BobbyBot. However, BobbyBot malfunctions, causing the museum to be in total chaos and havoc, putting the grand opening of the museum in jeopardy. It's up to Sid and his friends to save the museum before it opens up. This also serves as the series finale of "Sid the Science Kid".


title: Sid the Science Kid

text: "Save the Stump!" won in the Children's Programming category Saturday at the 26th Genesis Awards, presented by the Humane Society of the United States. Additionally, the series has received a total of six Daytime Emmy Award nominations and a TCA Award nomination.


title: 2006–07 FC Barcelona season

text: The 2006–07 season was an overall unsuccessful time for Futbol Club Barcelona in almost all competitions. Although the team managed to snatch the Supercopa de España, and finish second in the domestic league, a lot more was expected from the team that had been European champion. It started with the team's defeat at the final of the 2006 FIFA Club World Cup Final near the end of 2006, and the team did worse in 2007. This was the first of two bad seasons for the club, which led to great changes in the roster and direction. This also marks both the last season FC Barcelona wore a jersey without a sponsor and the first time a sponsor appeared in it: UNICEF (this was a non-commercial agreement).


title: 2006–07 FC Barcelona season

text: Carles Puyol, Lionel Messi, and Ronaldinho were selected as part of FIFPro World XI for the 2006–07 season.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd ( ), formerly also known as Yezd, is the capital of Yazd Province, Iran. The city is located southeast of Isfahan. At the 2016 census, the population was 1,138,533. Since 2017, the historical city of Yazd is recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.


title: Yazd

text: Because of generations of adaptations to its desert surroundings, Yazd has a unique Persian architecture. It is nicknamed the "City of Windcatchers" ( "Shahr-e Badgirha") from its many examples. It is also very well known for its Zoroastrian fire temples, ab anbars (cisterns), qanats (underground channels), yakhchals (coolers), Persian handicrafts, handwoven cloth ("Persian termeh"), silk weaving, Persian cotton candy, and its time-honored confectioneries. Yazd is also known as City of Bicycles, because of its old history of bike riders, and the highest number of bicycles per capita in Iran. It is reported that bicycle culture in Iran originated in Yazd as a result of contact with European visitors and tourists in the last century.


title: Yazd

text: Archeological evidence 12 kilometers north of Yazd suggests that the area has been populated since the period of the Achaemenid Empire (550 BC–330 BC). In his "Natural History", Pliny the Elder (died 79 AD) mentions a town in the Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD) named "Issatis", which is seemingly connected to the name of the Asagarta/Istachae/Sagartians. As a result, some scholars have suggested that the name of Yazd was derived from Issatis (also transliterated as Isatichae, Ysatis, Yasatis), and that the latter name started to be used in the Median or Achaemenid eras.


title: Yazd

text: The area encompassing Yazd first started to gain prominence in the Late antiquity, namely under the Sasanian Empire (224–651). Under Yazdegerd I (), a mint was established in Yazd (under the mint abbreviation of "YZ"), which demonstrates its increasing importance. According to the New Persian chronicle "Tarikh-i Yazd" ("History of Yazd") of 1441, Yazd was re-founded by "Yazdegerd, son of Bahram", i.e. Yazdegerd II (). The word "yazd" means God. After the Muslim conquest of Persia, many Zoroastrians migrated to Yazd from neighboring provinces. By paying a levy, Yazd was allowed to remain Zoroastrian even after its conquest, and Islam only gradually became the dominant religion in the city.


title: Yazd

text: Because of its remote desert location and the difficulty of access, Yazd remained largely immune to large battles and the destruction and ravages of war. For instance, it was a haven for those fleeing from destruction in other parts of Persian Empire during the Mongol invasion. In 1272 it was visited by Marco Polo, who remarked on the city's fine silk-weaving industry. In the book "The Travels of Marco Polo", he described Yazd in the following way:


title: Yazd

text: Yazd briefly served as the capital of the Muzaffarid Dynasty in the fourteenth century, and was unsuccessfully besieged in 1350–1351 by the Injuids under Shaikh Abu Ishaq. The Friday (or Congregation) mosque, arguably the city's greatest architectural landmark, as well as other important buildings, date to this period. During the Qajar dynasty (18th century AD) it was ruled by the Bakhtiari Khans.


title: Yazd

text: Under the rule of the Safavids (16th century), some people migrated from Yazd and settled in an area that is today on the Iran-Afghanistan border. The settlement, which was named Yazdi, was located in what is now Farah City in the province of the same name in Afghanistan. Even today, people from this area speak with an accent very similar to that of the people of Yazd.


title: Yazd

text: One of the notable things about Yazd is its family-centered culture. According to official statistics from Iran's National Organization for Civil Registration, Yazd is among the three cities with the lowest divorce rates in Iran.


title: Yazd

text: The majority of the people of Yazd are Persians. They speak Persian with a Yazdi accent, which is different from the Persian accent of Tehran.


title: Yazd

text: The majority of people in Yazd are Shia Muslim. Yazd is a religious conservative city. Several city traditions are the Muslim parades and gatherings, which are mainly processions called "azadari" held to commemorate the events experienced by the main Islamic martyrs and other important figures. These huge public gatherings created a series of spaces which, since most are near important urban monuments, are used at other times as hubs from which visitors can tour the main spots in the city.


title: Yazd

text: There is also a sizable population of Zoroastrians in the city. In 2013, Sepanta Niknam was elected to the city council of Yazd and became the first Zoroastrian councillor in Iran. The Pir-e-Naraki sanctuary is one of the important pilgrimage destinations for Zoroastrians, where an annual congregation is held and frequent visits are made during the year; it is now also a famous tourist spot. The story of the last Persian prince to come to Yazd before the arrival of Islam adds to its importance. Such a transformation has occurred several times.


title: Yazd

text: There was once a relatively large Jewish-Yazdi community, however, after the creation of Israel, many have moved there for varying reasons. Former president of Israel Moshe Katsav is an example. Main religion in Yazd city is Islam.


title: Yazd

text: According to the Iranian Census of 2016 the population of Yazd is 1,138,533 people from 340,657 families, which includes 586,013 men and 552,520 women.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd is an important centre of Iranian architecture. Because of its climate, it has one of the largest networks of "qanats" (underground water supply systems) in the world, and Yazdi "qanat" makers are considered the most skilled in Iran.


title: Yazd

text: To deal with the extremely hot summers, many old buildings in Yazd have magnificent wind towers and large underground areas.


title: Yazd

text: The city is also home to prime examples of "yakhchals", which were used to store ice retrieved from glaciers in the nearby mountains. Yazd is also one of the largest cities built almost entirely out of adobe.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd's heritage as a center of Zoroastrianism is also important. There is a Tower of Silence on the outskirts, and the city has an "ateshkadeh" which holds a fire that has been kept alight continuously since 470 AD. Zoroastrians make up a significant minority of the population, around 20,000–40,000 or 5 to 10 percent.


title: Yazd

text: Built in 12th century and still in use, Jame Mosque of Yazd is an example of the finest Persian mosaics and excellent architecture. Its minarets are the highest in the country. Tomb of Sayyed Rukn ad-Din is nearby the mosque.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification "BWh"). It is the driest major city in Iran, with a yearly precipitation amount of and only 23 days of precipitation, with summer temperatures very frequently above in blazing sunshine with no humidity. Even at night the temperatures in summer are rather uncomfortable. In the winter, the days remain mild and sunny, but in the morning the thin air and low cloudiness cause cold temperatures that can sometimes fall well below .


title: Yazd

text: Always known for the quality of its silk and carpets, Yazd today is one of Iran's industrial centers for textiles. There is also a considerable ceramics and construction materials industry and unique confectionery and jewellery industries. A significant portion of the population is also employed in other industries including agriculture, dairy, metal works, and machine manufacturing. There are a number of companies involved in the growing information technology industry, mainly manufacturing primary materials such as cables and connectors. Currently Yazd is the home of the largest manufacturer of fibre optics in Iran.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd's confectioneries have a tremendous following throughout Iran and have been a source of tourism for the city. Confectioners workshops ("khalifehs", or experts) keep their recipes a guarded secret, and there are many that have remained a private family business for many generations. Baklava, ghotab and pashmak are the most popular sweets made in the city.


title: Yazd

text: In 2000 the Yazd Water Museum opened; it features exhibits of water storage vessels and historical technologies related to water.


title: Yazd

text: Yazd has expanded its industrial fields since the 1980s. With at least three main industrial areas each containing over 70 different factories, Yazd has become one of the most technologically advanced cities of Iran.


title: Yazd

text: In addition to its connection with major Iranian cities via Iranian Railways, Yazd is served by the Shahid Sadooghi Airport.


title: Yazd

text: The University of Yazd was established in 1988. It has a college of architecture specializing in traditional Persian art and architecture. Yazd and its nearby towns contain the following institutes of higher education:


title: 2017 Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation election

text: The Brihanmumbai Mahanagar Palika election, 2017 (Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation election, 2017) is an election of members to the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation which governs Greater Mumbai, the largest city in India. It took place on 21 February 2017. Total Voters was 91,80,654.


text: Brihanmumbai Mahanagar Palika election was held on 21 February 2017 in a single phase. Results were announced on 23 February 2017.


text: The ruling Shiv Sena was voted as the largest party in elections. BJP did immensely well by jumping from 31 to 82 seats. No Party could get a clear majority, however, later BJP supported Shiv Sena for the Mayor post. Indian National Congress had fallen to 31 seats, while Maharashtra Navnirman Sena dropped to 7 seat.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: Thomas Ludwig John D'Alesandro III (July 24, 1929 – October 20, 2019) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th mayor of Baltimore from 1967 to 1971. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the president of the Baltimore City Council from 1962 to 1967. During his tenure as mayor, the Baltimore riot of 1968 occurred.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: He was the eldest son of Thomas D'Alesandro Jr., the 41st mayor of Baltimore; and brother of Nancy Pelosi, the 52nd speaker of the United States House of Representatives, and first woman to hold that office.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: D'Alesandro was born in Baltimore, to Annunciata (née Lombardi) and Thomas J. D'Alesandro Jr. He was the oldest of six children, of whom his youngest sister Nancy Pelosi would later become prominent in her own right. He attended Loyola College in Baltimore and studied law at the University of Maryland School of Law.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: In 1952, he married Margaret "Margie" Piracci at the Baltimore Basilica; more than 5,000 people attended the wedding. He served in the United States Army from 1952 to 1955.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: After military service, D'Alesandro entered into politics, becoming president of the Baltimore City Council in 1963. As City Council president, he worked with Mayor Theodore McKeldin, a liberal Republican, to eliminate racial barriers in employment, education and other areas.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: D'Alesandro ran for mayor in 1967 as a Democrat and easily defeated Republican challenger Arthur W. Sherwood, winning all 555 of the city's precincts.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: As Baltimore's 44th mayor, he opened new schools, built a new police headquarters and pushed for open housing. D'Alesandro got Baltimoreans to approve an $80 million bond issue to build schools. He devised summer recreation programs for the city's youth, such as mobile pools and day camps, and also laid legislative groundwork for the Inner Harbor development.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: D'Alesandro's one term as mayor was dominated by civil unrest and budgetary troubles. In 1968, D'Alesandro ordered the relocation of the East-West Expressway, unstarted since 1941, to be rerouted through the Western Cemetery, then cancelled the project. He later implemented a HUD program to finance 475 of the vacant homes abandoned after they were previously condemned to create "homes for the poor". The homes were demolished in 1974, with The Rouse Company creditors abandoning the project.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: Just four months after D'Alesandro's inauguration, the Baltimore riot of 1968 erupted after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., and Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew called National Guard troops in to control the situation.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: D'Alesandro, who took office vowing to "root out every cause or vestige of discrimination", remained proud throughout his life of his progressive record on civil rights. As mayor, he appointed multiple African-Americans to his administration, some of them, such as George Russell Jr., the city solicitor and member of the Board of Estimates, the first African Americans to hold those positions.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: In 1971, D'Alesandro stepped down as mayor and retired from politics and went into private law practice. Years later, D'Alesandro insisted that the riots were not the reason that he walked away from politics. He said that the reason was simply that he had five children and his mayoral salary was not sufficient for him to support his family.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: In 1998, Jack Eddinger, D'Alesandro's former press secretary, wrote in "The Baltimore Sun" that "Tommy D'Alesandro was Baltimore's first modern mayor. He not only presided over its emergence as a Renaissance City that it is today, but he gave it unmatched leadership. Much of what other mayors get credit for began in those tumultuous four years, from urban design and labor law reform to streamlined governmental administration and the flowering of the vital alliance between the city and the Greater Baltimore Committee".


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: D'Alesandro died after complications from a stroke at his home in North Baltimore on October 20, 2019, at the age of 90.


title: Thomas D'Alesandro III

text: His sister, Nancy Pelosi said upon his death: At a CNN Town Hall in December 2019, Pelosi also noted that "his vision was to say that I want to rid our society of every vestige of discrimination and that was his call to action."


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Gilbert J. "Gilby" Clarke (born August 17, 1962) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer. He had a 3-year tenure as the rhythm guitarist of Guns N' Roses, replacing Izzy Stradlin in 1991 during the Use Your Illusion Tour, and also featured on ""The Spaghetti Incident?"" (1993). Following this, Clarke went on to forge a solo career as well playing guitar with Slash's Snakepit, Kat Men, Heart, Nancy Sinatra, Kathy Valentine (of The Go-Go's), MC5 and forming his own group Rock Star Supernova with members of Metallica and Mötley Crüe.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Clarke's production work includes albums by L.A. Guns, Bullets and Octane, The Bronx and Vains of Jenna.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Gilby Clarke started his musical career during the first half of the Eighties, replacing Candy's original guitarist, Geoff Siegel, who later played with the Nymphs. Gilby eventually replaced the band's lead vocalist and penned several unreleased fan favorites including, "Dance America". He left them to form Kill for Thrills, a metal band which released the EP "Commercial Suicide" and the LP "Dynamite from Nightmareland" before eventually disbanding.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Kill for Thrills was a supergroup of sorts with Jason Nesmith (son of former Monkees Mike Nesmith) on Guitar, and Todd Muscat formerly of seminal L.A. Punk band Decry, on Bass and then later with Junkyard after Kill for Thrills. Muscat is also the brother of Brent Muscat (Faster Pussycat, L.A. Guns, Sin City Sinners). All members have deep roots in the Los Angeles rock scene.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Following rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin's decision to abruptly quit the band, during Use Your Illusion Tour in 1991, citing a combination of Axl Rose's personal behavior (he would consistently delay the start of shows by hours at a time) and his mismanagement of the band and difficulties being around Slash, Sorum, and McKagan due to his new-found sobriety and their continuing alcohol and substance addictions, Clarke was chosen as his replacement, playing out the rest of gigs of the tour which lasted until 1993. His first show with the band was December 5, 1991 in Worcester, MA, USA.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: During many shows throughout the tour, Rose introduced Clarke and had him play "Wild Horses", a Rolling Stones cover with Slash.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: On November 23, 1993, Guns N' Roses released a collection of punk and glam rock covers entitled ""The Spaghetti Incident?"" where many of the tracks were recorded with original Guns N' Roses guitarist Izzy Stradlin during the "Use Your Illusion I" and "II" sessions and then were later re-recorded by Clarke.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Gilby Clarke's contract was not renewed and he was gone from the band by 1995. Slash stated in his book that Rose fired Clarke without consulting anyone, claiming he was only a "hired hand". Clarke was not involved in the recording of 'Sympathy for the Devil', stating "I knew that that was the ending [of Clarke's involvement in Guns N' Roses] because nobody told me about it. Officially I was in the band at that time, and they did that song without me". Clarke also mentioned that before the final show of the "Use Your Illusion Tour", Rose came up to him and told him "Hey, enjoy your last show". Clarke later sued the band over the use of his likeness in Guns N' Roses Pinball.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Clarke's only other appearances on a Guns N' Roses release would be on the live and compilation albums "Live Era '87–'93" and "Greatest Hits".


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Clarke is featured on Guns N' Roses video releases Use Your Illusion I, Use Your Illusion II and Welcome to the Videos.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In 1994, he released his debut solo album "Pawnshop Guitars" on Virgin Records which featured contributions from several of his close friends. Ryan Roxie (Alice Cooper) on guitar, Will Effertz on Bass and Marc Danzeisen (Riverdogs, Little Caesar) Drums and backing vocals, also including all the then members of Guns N' Roses. It went gold in Argentina.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Following the end of the Use Your Illusion Tour in 1993, Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash began recording demos of material that he had written during the tour, at his home studio with bandmate Matt Sorum. Clarke and Alice in Chains bassist Mike Inez soon started to come around to jam with them. They eventually recorded twelve demo songs. Eric Dover, live guitarist for Jellyfish, successfully auditioned to become the group's singer. Slash and Dover wrote the lyrics for all the tracks, except "Monkey Chow" which was contributed by Clarke and "Jizz da Pit" which is an instrumental written by both Slash and Inez. The album was released by Geffen Records in February 1995 charting at No. 70 on the "Billboard" 200. For the tour in support of the album, James LoMenzo and Brian Tichy, both members of Zakk Wylde's solo band, joined the band to replace Inez and Sorum who could not tour with the group due to other commitments. With Guns N' Roses regrouping to record a new album, Snakepit disbanded with Clarke resuming his solo career.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Since then he has released another three solo albums, "The Hangover", "Rubber" and 2002's "Swag" as well as the live album "99 Live".


title: Gilby Clarke

text: He formed the band Col. Parker with ex-Stray Cat Slim Jim Phantom and former touring additional GN'R keyboardist Teddy "Zig Zag" Andreadis, releasing the album "Rock N Roll Music" in 2001.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In addition, he made a guest appearance on the L.A. Guns album "Shrinking Violet", which he also produced. Clarke also produced The Bronx's self-titled album released in 2003 and Girlsplayboys debut album "From Ritual to Romance" in 2006, and L.A. Guns' 2001 album "Man in the Moon".


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In 2002 Clarke worked with Nancy Sinatra on her album "California Girl" and a year later joined Heart on their national tour.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In 2005, he played along with the reformed MC5, joining original members Wayne Kramer, Dennis Thompson, and Michael Davis, along with new vocalist Handsome Dick Manitoba.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In 2006, Mötley Crüe drummer, Tommy Lee, formed Supernova with Clarke on guitars and former Metallica bassist Jason Newsted. The band used the TV show Rockstar to find a new lead singer. Lukas Rossi was chosen as their lead singer. However, there was already a band from California called Supernova. On June 26, 2006, the California band filed a federal lawsuit and on September 12, 2006, U.S. District Judge John A. Houston in San Diego ruled in favor of the original Supernova, granting their request for a preliminary injunction. The injunction stopped the band from "Rock Star: Supernova" from "performing rock and roll music, or recording, or selling rock and roll music recordings under the same name, pending a trial of this action on its merits, or until otherwise ordered by the court." The band renamed itself Rock Star Supernova.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Clarke produced a cover of Johnny Cash's "Ring of Fire" on runner-up Dilana Robichaux's 2007 album, also released as a single on digital download websites.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In 2007 he released a best of album featuring tracks from all of his solo albums as well as two songs from the Col. Parker project and a rerecording of the song "Black", featuring vocals by Rock Star: Supernova runner-up Dilana.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: In July 2008 Gilby Clarke played at the G-TARanaki Guitar Festival in New Zealand. His solo band included bassist Muddy Stardust and drummer Dennis Morehouse. He then toured North America as part of the Rock n' Roll Fantasy Camp.


title: Gilby Clarke

text: Clarke reunited with Guns N' Roses members Slash, Steven Adler, Matt Sorum and Duff McKagan, during the live performance, at the band's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction on April 14, 2012. Clarke himself was not inducted as part of the band.


title: Utah teapot

text: The Utah teapot, or the Newell teapot, is a 3D test model that has become a standard reference object and an in-joke within the computer graphics community. It is a mathematical model of an ordinary Melitta-brand teapot that appears solid with a nearly rotationally symmetrical body. Using a teapot model is considered the 3D equivalent of a "Hello, World!" program, a way to create an easy 3D scene with a somewhat complex model acting as the basic geometry for a scene with a light setup. Some programming libraries, such as the OpenGL Utility Toolkit, even have functions dedicated to drawing teapots.


title: Utah teapot

text: The teapot model was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah. It was one of the first to be modeled using bézier curves rather than precisely measured.


title: Utah teapot

text: For his work, Newell needed a simple mathematical model of a familiar object. His wife, Sandra Newell, suggested modelling their tea set since they were sitting down for tea at the time. He sketched the teapot free-hand using graph paper and a pencil. Following that, he went back to the computer laboratory and edited bézier control points on a Tektronix storage tube, again by hand.


title: Utah teapot

text: The teapot shape contained a number of elements that made it ideal for the graphics experiments of the time: it was round, contained saddle points, had a genus greater than zero because of the hole in the handle, could project a shadow on itself, and could be displayed accurately without a surface texture.


title: Utah teapot

text: Newell made the mathematical data that described the teapot's geometry (a set of three-dimensional coordinates) publicly available, and soon other researchers began to use the same data for their computer graphics experiments. These researchers needed something with roughly the same characteristics that Newell had, and using the teapot data meant they did not have to laboriously enter geometric data for some other object. Although technical progress has meant that the act of rendering the teapot is no longer the challenge it was in 1975, the teapot continued to be used as a reference object for increasingly advanced graphics techniques.


title: Utah teapot

text: Over the following decades, editions of computer graphics journals (such as the ACM SIGGRAPH's quarterly) regularly featured versions of the teapot: faceted or smooth-shaded, wireframe, bumpy, translucent, refractive, even leopard-skin and furry teapots were created.


title: Utah teapot

text: Having no surface to represent its base, the original teapot model was not intended to be seen from below. Later versions of the data set fixed this.


title: Utah teapot

text: The real teapot is 33% taller (ratio 4:3) than the computer model. Jim Blinn stated that he scaled the model on the vertical axis during a demo in the lab to demonstrate that they could manipulate it. They preferred the appearance of this new version and decided to save the file out of that preference.


title: Utah teapot

text: Versions of the teapot model — or sample scenes containing it — are distributed with or freely available for nearly every current rendering and modelling program and even many graphic APIs, including AutoCAD, Houdini, Lightwave 3D, MODO, POV-Ray, 3ds Max, and the OpenGL and Direct3D helper libraries. Some RenderMan-compliant renderers support the teapot as a built-in geometry by calling codice_1. Along with the expected cubes and spheres, the GLUT library even provides the function codice_2 as a graphics primitive, as does its Direct3D counterpart D3DX (codice_3). While D3DX for Direct3D 11 does not provide this functionality anymore, it is supported in the DirectX Tool Kit. Mac OS X Tiger and Leopard also include the teapot as part of Quartz Composer; Leopard's teapot supports bump mapping. BeOS and Haiku include a small demo of a rotating 3D teapot, intended to show off the platform's multimedia facilities.


title: Utah teapot

text: The original, physical teapot was purchased from ZCMI (a department store in Salt Lake City) in 1974. It was donated to the Boston Computer Museum in 1984, where it was on display until 1990. It now resides in the ephemera collection at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California where it is catalogued as "Teapot used for Computer Graphics rendering" and bears the catalogue number X00398.1984. The original teapot the Utah teapot was based on is still available from Friesland Porzellan, once part of the German Melitta group. Originally it was given the rather plain name ('household teapot'); the company only found out about their product's reputation in 2017, whereupon they officially renamed it "Utah Teapot". It is available in three different sizes and various colors; the one Martin Newell had used is the white "1,4L Utah Teapot".


title: Utah teapot

text: One famous ray-traced image, by James Arvo and David Kirk in 1987, shows six stone columns, five of which are surmounted by the Platonic solids (tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron). The sixth column supports a teapot. The image is titled "The Six Platonic Solids", with Arvo and Kirk calling the teapot "the newly discovered Teapotahedron". This image appeared on the covers of several books and computer graphic journals.


title: Utah teapot

text: The Utah teapot sometimes appears in the "Pipes" screensaver shipped with Microsoft Windows, but only in versions prior to Windows XP, and has been included in the "polyhedra" XScreenSaver hack since 2008.


title: Utah teapot

text: Jim Blinn (in one of his "Project MATHEMATICS!" videos) proves an amusing (but trivial) version of the Pythagorean theorem: construct a (2D) teapot on each side of a right triangle and the area of the teapot on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the areas of the teapots on the other two sides.


title: Utah teapot

text: Loren Carpenter's 1980 CGI film "Vol Libre" features the teapot, appearing briefly at the beginning and end of the film in the foreground with a fractal-rendered mountainscape behind it.


title: Utah teapot

text: Vulkan and OpenGL graphics APIs feature the Utah teapot along with the Stanford dragon and the Stanford bunny on their badges.


title: Utah teapot

text: With the advent of the first computer-generated short films, and later full-length feature films, it has become an in-joke to hide the Utah teapot in films' scenes. For example, in the movie "Toy Story", the Utah teapot appears in a short tea-party scene. The teapot also appears in "The Simpsons" episode "Treehouse of Horror VI" in which Homer discovers the "third dimension." In "The Sims 2", a picture of the Utah teapot is one of the paintings available to buy in-game, titled "Handle and Spout".


title: Utah teapot

text: An origami version of the teapot, folded by Tomohiro Tachi, was shown at the Tikotin Museum of Japanese Art in Israel in a 2007–2008 exhibit.


title: Utah teapot

text: Although the original tea set by Newell can be downloaded directly, this tea set is specified using a set of Bézier patches in a custom format, which can be difficult to import directly into many popular 3D modeling applications. As such, a tesselated conversion of the dataset in the popular OBJ file format can be useful. One such conversion of the complete Newell teaset is available on the University of Utah website.


title: Utah teapot

text: Through 3D printing, the Utah Teapot has come full circle from being a computer model based on an actual teapot to being an actual teapot based on the computer model. It is widely available in many renderings in different materials from small plastic knick-knacks to a fully functional ceramic teapot. It is sometimes intentionally rendered as a low poly object to celebrate its origin as a computer model.


title: Utah teapot

text: In 2009, a Belgian design studio, Unfold, 3D printed the Utah Teapot in ceramic with the objective of returning the iconographic teapot to its roots as a piece of functional dishware while showing its status as an icon of the digital world.


title: Utah teapot

text: In 2015, the California-based company Emerging Objects followed suit, but this time printed the teapot, along with teacups and teaspoons, out of actual tea.


title: Upasana Singh

text: Singh is known for her role as a deaf-mute in the 1997 film "Judaai". Later on, she got famous for her negative portrayal in "Son Pari" as Cruella/Kalipari, a dark fairy. Her comedic role as Gangaa in patriotic sitcom on Doordarshan's "Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani" and Zee thriller show "Tamanna House". Later on, she played small roles in Priyadarshan's and David Dhawan's films as a regular cast.


title: Upasana Singh

text: She played the character of "Bua" (paternal aunt) in the TV show "Comedy Nights with Kapil" which got her widespread critical acclaim. She is popular for her onscreen style and Punjabi and funny English dialogue delivery. She has done numerous Bollywood films as well as regional cinema such as Punjabi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani and Gujarati.


title: Upasana Singh

text: Singh debuted in the 1986 Hindi movie "Babul" as the leading lady under the banner of Rajshri Productions. Thereafter, she appeared in the 1988 film "Bai Chali Sasariye", which was revolutionary for Rajasthani cinema. Since then, she has acted in many regional films and is a known face in the Punjabi, Gujarati and Hindi film industry. She has also done numerous supporting roles for films such as "Darr", "Jawani Zindabad", "Loafer", "Judaai", "Main Prem Ki Diwani Hoon", "Mujhse Shaadi Karogi", "Aitraaz", "Old Is Gold", "My Friend Ganesha", "Golmaal Returns" and "Hungama".


title: Upasana Singh

text: Singh is also known for her comic roles in films and television and she has also appeared in many popular series like "Raja Ki Aayegi Baraat", "Pari Hoon Main", "Maayka", "Ye Meri Life Hai", "Bani - Ishq Da Kalma" and "Sonpari". Singh became a household name with her stint as Tarawanti on "Nadaniyaan" and the desperate "Bua" (paternal aunt) in the hit TV show "Comedy Nights with Kapil", particularly for her trademark dialogue "Bittu, Kaun hai ye aadmi?" (Bittu, who is this man?). Singh has also acted in Bollywood comedy movies such as "Mujhse Shaadi Karogi" and "Golmaal Returns". In 2015, she played the role of Manjeet in "Chalk N Duster", alongside Juhi Chawla, Shabana Azmi and Girish Karnad.


title: Upasana Singh

text: In 2017, Singh bagged a role in "Judwaa 2", alongside Varun Dhawan, Jacqueline Fernandez and Taapsee Pannu.


title: Upasana Singh

text: She has also been a part of the sequel of the popular Punjabi film "Carry On Jatta", which was one of the highest grossing Punjabi films in India. The movie stars Gippy Grewal, Sonam Bajwa and Jaswinder Bhalla. She is currently playing the role of Panchami (Bebe), Pancham's mother SAB TV's comedy serial Jijaji Chhat Per Hain. She returned to television in "Gangs of Filmistan".


title: Upasana Singh

text: Singh is married to actor Neeraj Bharadwaj, who has acted in many serials on Doordarshan and a few Hindi and Bhojpuri films as a hero and negative character too. They met and decided to get married, when working together for the serial "Aye Dil-e-Nadaan".


"There was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe" is a popular English language nursery rhyme, with a Roud Folk Song Index number of 19132. Debates over its meaning and origin have largely centered on attempts to match the old woman with historical female figures who have had large families, although King George II (1683–1760) has also been proposed as the rhyme's subject.


title: There was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe

text: The earliest printed version in Joseph Ritson's "Gammer Gurton's Garland" in 1794 has the coarser last line:


text: Many other variations were printed in the 18th and 19th centuries. Marjorie Ainsworth Decker published a Christian version of the rhyme in her "The Christian Mother Goose Book" published in 1978:


text: Iona and Peter Opie pointed to the version published in "Infant Institutes" in 1797, which finished with the lines:


text: The term "a-loffeing", they believe, was Shakespearean, suggesting that the rhyme is considerably older than the first printed versions. They then speculated that if this were true, it might have a folklore meaning and pointed to the connection between shoes and fertility, perhaps exemplified by casting a shoe after a bride as she leaves for her honeymoon, or tying shoes to the departing couple's car. Archaeologist Ralph Merifield has pointed out that in Lancashire it was the custom for females who wished to conceive to try on the shoes of a woman who had just given birth.


text: Debates over the meaning of the rhyme have largely revolved around matching the old woman with historical figures, as Peter Opie observed "for little reason other than the size of their families". Candidates include Queen Caroline, the wife of King George II (1683–1760), who had eight children, and Elizabeth Vergoose of Boston, who had six children of her own and ten stepchildren. Some evidence suggests the rhyme refers to the wife of Feodor Vassilyev of Shuya, Russia, who reportedly birthed 69 children during her lifetime (1707–c.1782).


text: Albert Jack has proposed a political origin for the rhyme. George II was nicknamed the "old woman", because it was widely believed that Queen Caroline was the real power behind the throne. According to this explanation, the children are the Members of Parliament (MPs) that George was unable to control, the whip refers to the political office of that name – the MP whose role is to ensure that members of his party vote according to the party line – and the bed is the House of Commons, which MPs were required to attend daily. The phrase "gave them some broth without any bread" may refer to George's parsimony in the wake of the South Sea Bubble of 1721, and his attempts to restore his own and the country's finances.


title: Robin Bartlett

text: Robin Bartlett (born April 22, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in two NBC sitcoms "The Powers That Be" and "Mad About You".


title: Robin Bartlett

text: She appeared in the short-lived series "The Powers That Be". She played the lesbian sister of a filmmaker for "Mad About You" and a television producer in "Series". She played a teacher in each films, "Lean on Me" and "If Looks Could Kill". She played the drug rehab roommate for "Postcards from the Edge". In addition, she played the dean of a private school in an episode ("The Ida Funkhouser Roadside Memorial") of the HBO series "Curb Your Enthusiasm".


title: Robin Bartlett

text: In June 2010, it was announced Barlett would play Hannah Pitt in Signature Theatre Company's 20th-anniversary production of Tony Kushner's "Angels in America." She played Bridget Kearns in "Shutter Island" in 2010.


title: Robin Bartlett

text: In 2013, she portrayed Miranda Crump in "American Horror Story"s second season, "", and later that year returned for the third season, "", portraying Cecily Pembroke.


title: Robin Bartlett

text: She starred in the 2014 film "H.", for which she was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female in 2016.


title: Away We Go

text: Away We Go is a 2009 American comedy-drama directed by Sam Mendes and written by Dave Eggers and Vendela Vida. The film's two leads are John Krasinski and Maya Rudolph. It is Mendes's first film without Thomas Newman's collaboration.


title: Away We Go

text: Verona De Tessant (Maya Rudolph) and Burt Farlander (John Krasinski), are in their early thirties in the Denver area and struggling to meet daily needs and build fulfilling lives. Learning they will soon become parents, they are confronted with the challenge of how – and where – to raise a child and build a happy family.


title: Away We Go

text: Six months into Verona's pregnancy, they visit their only family in the area, Burt's parents, Gloria and Jerry (Catherine O'Hara and Jeff Daniels), only to find that they have decided to move to Antwerp, Belgium, a month before the baby is due. They will be gone for two years and they have already rented their place to another couple, despite Burt's and Verona's situation. Frustrated with their selfishness and careless attitude, Burt and Verona decide this is an opportunity to find somewhere else to raise their family, as they both can work from home and live wherever they choose.


title: Away We Go

text: They first visit Phoenix, Arizona, to see Verona's old boss, Lily (Allison Janney), her husband, Lowell (Jim Gaffigan), and their two children. Burt in particular is disturbed by Lily and Lowell's crass and mean-spirited behavior toward one another and their children.


title: Away We Go

text: Burt and Verona next visit Verona's sister, Grace (Carmen Ejogo), in Tucson. Verona urges Burt to try to persuade Grace to stay with her boring boyfriend. When Burt takes a call and displays his trademark humor, Grace tells Verona that she is lucky to have him and Verona agrees.


title: Away We Go

text: They next visit Burt's childhood friend and pseudo-cousin in Madison, Wisconsin, "LN" (pronounced "ellen") (Maggie Gyllenhaal), a college professor at the University of Wisconsin with inherited money and radical views about parenting. They bring a stroller as a gift, greatly angering LN as she and her husband Roderick's (Josh Hamilton) is a "continuum home." When Roderick's condescension and LN's backhanded compliments to Verona get to be too much for Burt, he tells them they are horrible people and he and Verona leave but not before taking their son on a wild stroller ride through the house (which he enjoys).


title: Away We Go

text: Burt and Verona then visit old college friends in Montreal, Tom (Chris Messina) and his wife, Munch Garnett (Melanie Lynskey), and their diverse family of adopted children. Verona and Burt are happy to have found a loving family and a nice town, deciding to move to Montreal. When they all go to dinner, Burt admits he has proposed to Verona many times, but she always refuses (this stems from anguish over her dead parents' inevitable absence from the wedding). After dinner, Tom tells Burt that Munch has recently suffered her fifth miscarriage and that they seem unable to have biological children.


title: Away We Go

text: In the morning, Burt receives an emergency call from his brother, Courtney (Paul Schneider), in Miami, whose wife has left him. Burt and Verona fly to Miami, where Courtney worries about his young daughter and the potential effects of a divorce on her. Burt tries to comfort Courtney while Verona spends time with his daughter. Burt and Verona spend the night outside on a trampoline, promising to love each other and their daughter and have a happy home.


title: Away We Go

text: The next day, Verona tells Burt a story about her childhood house and her parents (who were both killed in a car crash when she was 22). Moved by her memory, they decide to settle in Verona's old family home on the Florida Panhandle. Realizing it is the place for them, they sit together happily, overlooking the water.


title: Away We Go

text: "Away We Go" had a limited theater release in the United States starting June 25, 2009. It opened the 2009 Edinburgh International Film Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 29, 2009.


title: Away We Go

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 67% based on 187 reviews, with an average rating of 6.57 out of 10. The critical consensus reads, "Built on a set of quirks and charms that are as noticeable as they are interchangeable, "Away We Go" is a sweet but uneven road trip". A. O. Scott of "The New York Times" described the two main characters as self-righteous people "aware of their special status as uniquely sensitive, caring, smart and cool beings on a planet full of cretins and failures". In response to reviews "accusing Verona and Burt of being smug, superior and condescending," Roger Ebert said that "these are not sins if you have something to be smug about and much reason to condescend." He gave the film three-and-a-half out of four stars. Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 58 out of 100, based on 33 reviews.


title: Away We Go

text: The soundtrack of "Away We Go" was released on June 2, 2009, and primarily features songs from singer/songwriter Alexi Murdoch, instead of an original film score.


title: Swiss cheese (North America)

text: Swiss cheese is any variety of cheese that resembles Emmental cheese, a yellow, medium-hard cheese that originated in the area around Emmental, Switzerland. It is classified as a Swiss-type or Alpine cheese. Some types of Swiss cheese have a distinctive appearance, as the blocks or rounds of the cheese are riddled with holes known as "eyes". Swiss cheese without eyes is known as "blind".


title: Swiss cheese (North America)

text: Swiss cheese is now manufactured in many countries, including the United States, Finland, Estonia, and Ireland. It is sometimes made with pasteurized or part-skim milk, unlike the original from Switzerland made with raw milk. The United States Department of Agriculture uses the terms Swiss cheese and Emmentaler cheese interchangeably. In Australia, both terms are used, along with Swiss-style cheese, in some cases differentiating the two. The term Swiss cheese is sometimes used in India, although it is also often referred to as Emmental, which is the more common name in Europe.


title: Swiss cheese (North America)

text: Three types of bacteria are used in the production of Swiss cheese: "Streptococcus salivarius" subspecies "thermophilus" (also known as "Streptococcus thermophilus"), "Lactobacillus" ("Lactobacillus helveticus" or "Lactobacillus delbrueckii" subspecies "bulgaricus"), and "Propionibacterium" ("Propionibacterium freudenreichii" subspecies "shermani"). In a late stage of cheese production, the propionibacteria consume the lactic acid excreted by the other bacteria and release acetate, propionic acid, and carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide slowly forms the bubbles that develop the "eyes". The acetate and propionic acid give Swiss its nutty and sweet flavor. A hypothesis proposed by Swiss researchers in 2015 notes that particulate matter may also play a role in the holes' development and that modern sanitation eliminated debris such as hay dust in the milk played a role in reduced hole size in Swiss cheeses, or even "blind cheese". Historically, the holes were seen as a sign of imperfection and cheese makers originally tried to avoid them by pressing during production -the holes only became an identifier of the cheese in modern times.


title: Swiss cheese (North America)

text: In general, the larger the eyes in a Swiss cheese, the more pronounced its flavor because a longer fermentation period gives the bacteria more time to act. This poses a problem, because cheese with large eyes does not slice well and comes apart in mechanical slicers. As a result, U.S. industry regulators have reduced the minimum eye size with which Swiss cheese can receive the Grade A stamp.


title: Swiss cheese (North America)

text: Baby Swiss and Lacy Swiss are two varieties of American Swiss cheeses. Both have small holes and a mild flavor. Baby Swiss is made from whole milk, and Lacy Swiss is made from low fat milk. Baby Swiss was developed in the mid-1960s outside of Charm, Ohio, by the Guggisberg Cheese Company, owned by Alfred Guggisberg.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: The first season of the superhero comedy drama television series "The Umbrella Academy" was released on Netflix on February 15, 2019 and consisted of 10 episodes. Developed by Steve Blackman and developed by Jeremy Slater, the series is an adaptation of the comic book series of the same name written by Gerard Way and illustrated by Gabriel Bá, both of whom serve as executive producers on the series. The first season revolves around the titular Academy (a group of adopted superhero siblings) reuniting after years apart to investigate the mystery of their father’s death and the threat of a looming apocalypse.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: The first season features Elliot Page, Tom Hopper, David Castañeda, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Robert Sheehan, Aidan Gallagher, Cameron Britton, Mary J. Blige, John Magaro, Adam Godley, Colm Feore as the main cast, while Sheila McCarthy, Justin H. Min, Jordan Claire Robbins, Kate Walsh, and Ashley Madekwe appear in recurring roles. The first season received positive reviews from critics and audiences alike.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: A film version of the comic book series "The Umbrella Academy" was optioned by Universal Studios. Originally, screenwriter Mark Bomback was hired to write the screenplay; Rawson Marshall Thurber reportedly replaced him in 2010. There had been little talk of the film from that time. In an interview with Newsarama at the 2012 New York Comic Con, Way mentioned that there have been "good talks" and a "really good script", but that it was "kind of up to the universe".


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: On July 7, 2015, it was announced that "The Umbrella Academy" would be developed into a television series, rather than an original film, produced by Universal Cable Productions. On July 11, 2017, it was officially announced that Netflix had greenlit a live-action series adaptation of "The Umbrella Academy" premiering in 2019, with Way and Bá acting as executive producers. Jeremy Slater wrote the script for the pilot episode, and Steve Blackman serves as showrunner. The first season of "The Umbrella Academy" was released on Netflix on February 15, 2019.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: On November 9, 2017, Netflix confirmed that Elliot Page had joined the cast and that he would play Vanya Hargreeves, also known as the White Violin. On November 30, 2017, it was revealed that Tom Hopper, David Castañeda, Emmy Raver-Lampman, Robert Sheehan and Aidan Gallagher had joined the cast as the rest of the Hargreeves siblings. On February 12, 2018, Netflix announced that Academy Award nominee Mary J. Blige would appear in the series as the sadistic time-travel assassin Cha-Cha. Colm Feore joined the cast as Sir Reginald Hargreeves, the adoptive father of the siblings, on February 16, 2018, alongside Cameron Britton, Adam Godley and Ashley Madekwe. On February 28, 2018, it was announced that John Magaro has been cast as a series regular character.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: Principal photography for the first season began on January 15, 2018, in Toronto. Gerard Way posted on his Instagram account an illustration by Fabio Moon of the cast and crew doing the first table read of the script in Toronto. He also revealed a picture of the first day on the set. Additional filming took place in Hamilton, Ontario.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: For the theatre where Vanya performed with her violin, the crew used the Elgin Theatre, alongside the Winter Garden Theatre. Mazzoleni Concert Hall was used to represent the theatre's exterior. The exterior of the mansion was filmed at a building in Hamilton, while the interiors were filmed in studio. The Joey & Toby Tanenbaum Opera Centre was filmed for an outside scene and LIUNA Station was used for a bank robbery scene. A laboratory at the University of Toronto was filmed to represent the Meritech Prosthetics building. The filming concluded on July 18, 2018.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: Visual effects for the series are handled by SpinVFX, Weta Digital, Folks VFX, Soho VFX, Pixomondo, Deluxe VFX, Digital Film Tree, BOT VFX, Studio 8, Exceptional Minds and MARZ


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: VFX supervisor Everet Burrell confirmed that he used traditional art techniques for early concept art and referenced great actors with iconic faces. Burrell called Weta Digital, who previously worked for the rebooted "Planet of the Apes" series, to develop the visual effects for the character of Pogo. Ken Hall provided the motion capture for Pogo using a gray suit to later make additions to his captures to create the CGI of the chimpanzee, with Adam Godley making the facial expressions and voice acting of the character.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: SpinVFX confirmed that they delivered at least 563 shots for the series. To make the effects of the show, the team required a series of complex effect simulations, creature development, and massive destructions.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: For the effects of Number Five jumping through time and space, Burrell wanted to make the effects look organic, and liquidy, representing how much time and the world bends around him when he jumps, and how quick it should be. For these effects, he used more than 30 frames in the first episodes, however with the progress of the series, this reduced to only 10 frames. To that footage, the team iterated on several kinds of spatial jump effects, all the way from heavy distortion to subtler images. The visual effects team started with some R&D tests. At the end, the final effect, called the "jelly vision", was used to make the series, with Burrell expressing: "as if you're pushing your hand through a jelly membrane, just for a few seconds, and then it pops. It's really, really subtle, but you get a little bit of texture, you get a little bit of striations, almost like the universe is bending as he does his spatial jumps."


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: In an interview with Burrell he confirmed that to develop the sequences where time is frozen, they took several background shots on location before returning to their stage to shoot the dialogue between Five and The Handler in front of a green screen. They called this effect "Three-Strip" in honor of the Technicolor process used in the 1930s.


title: The Umbrella Academy (season 1)

text: The show’s score album, composed by Jeff Russo, was released on February 15, 2019, consecutively with the first season’s release. During an interview he revealed that the crew needed to use a subtle hand with the score and that he wanted the score to be thematic, by not trying to push too much on the weird and too much on the horrific aspect of the show and the story.