title: Fernando Vargas

text: On February 25, 2006, Vargas once again returned to the ring to face fellow Southern California boxer Sugar Shane Mosley. In a tightly contested battle, Vargas' left eye became grotesquely swollen and referee Joe Cortez decided to stop the fight in the 10th round to minimize further damage, granting a technical knockout (TKO) victory to Mosley. The reasoning behind the stoppage, explained Nevada State Athletic Commission czar Marc Ratner, was that the referee and the fight doctor deemed that Vargas was unable to defend himself adequately against Mosley's right-hand shots. At the time of the stoppage, two judges had Mosley winning the fight 86–85. One judge had Vargas winning the fight 86–85. Fightnews.com had the bout scored 86-85 for Mosley. In the post fight press conference, Vargas made it clear that he would resume his boxing career and stated that a rematch with Mosley should be in order because the match was stopped on a technicality. ESPN boxing expert Dan Rafael wrote: "Vargas is so utterly delusional about what actually happened in his first fight with Mosley that we think he might have a concussion. When will he stop lying to himself -- and when will his team stop going along with him? He needs to admit that: (a) The swelling around his eye was caused by a clean punch, not a headbutt; and (b) He was not winning the fight when it was stopped in the 10th round."


title: Fernando Vargas

text: In their highly anticipated July 15, 2006 rematch, Vargas was stopped in the 6th round via TKO. When the sixth round began, Mosley landed a huge left hook that sent Vargas crashing to the canvas. Vargas rolled over onto all fours and was unsteady, but after stumbling twice he finally beat referee Kenny Bayless' count. Moments later, Mosley unleashed another flurry as Vargas could only protect his face, and the referee stopped the fight at 2:38 as a beaten and disoriented Vargas staggered back to his corner.


title: Fernando Vargas

text: It was confirmed on May 13, 2007, that Vargas would face Ricardo Mayorga on September 8, 2007, on Showtime PPV for the vacant WBC Continental Americas super middleweight title. However the fight was postponed after it was discovered during a routine blood test that Vargas was suffering from a severe iron deficiency. Doctors ordered Vargas not to participate in the upcoming bout until he received the necessary weeks of treatment to correct the problem. When the bout eventually took place it would be fought at 162 pounds, a weight that neither boxer has ever fought at. Many sources claim that Vargas had complained about fighting at the Jr. Middleweight limit of 154 pounds, stating that it's "too much for his body to take". Vargas has stated that fighting at that weight was the reason he did poorly against Mosley in the second fight.


title: Fernando Vargas

text: Vargas claimed that this would be the last fight of his career regardless of the result. He warned Mayorga that he would not tolerate any insults from him like the ones he hurled at Oscar De La Hoya in their press conferences. Vargas stayed true to his promise when at the first official press conference for the fight, Mayorga said some offensive things towards Vargas and attempted to slap him. Vargas immediately jumped up from his seat and retaliated with punches and a brawl broke out between the two fighters' camps, though order was quickly restored. Vargas also recalled the time when Mayorga said Vargas was scared of him when he had defeated Javier Castillejo, then was stripped of his WBC light middleweight title rather than face Mayorga, who then defeated Michele Piccirillo for the vacant title. Ultimately the contestants faced off, and Mayorga defeated Vargas by majority decision on November 23, 2007. The scores were 113-113, 114–112, and 115–111. Crucially, Vargas was knocked down in the 1st round and again in the 11th round. Post-fight Ricardo Mayorga apologized to Vargas and the two forgave each other. Vargas officially declared his retirement soon after.


title: Fernando Vargas

text: It was confirmed that after a three-year hiatus, former world champion Fernando Vargas would return to the boxing ring against super middleweight Henry Buchanan on April 16, 2011, at Hard Rock Casino in Las Vegas. However, the fight was cancelled for unknown reasons.


title: Fernando Vargas

text: Vargas also plays an unnamed guest star on the television show Moesha. Season 2 Episode 3 titled "Mama said knock you out."


title: Fernando Vargas

text: In 2014, Vargas and his family became the subjects of a reality show on Mun2 television station, "Welcome to Los Vargas". He also participated, alongside Judith Grace, Maripily, Pedro Rivera and Sissi Fleitas, among others, in the Telemundo reality contest, "Top Chef Celebrity."


The 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship was a bowl game that determined a national champion of NCAA Division I FBS college football for the 2015 season. It was played at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona on January 11, 2016, and was the culminating game of the 2015–16 bowl season.


title: 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship

text: The game was played between the winners of two pre-designated semifinal bowls played on December 31, 2015: the No. 1 Clemson Tigers, who beat the No. 4 Oklahoma Sooners 37–17 at the Orange Bowl, coached by Dabo Swinney in his 8th season, and the No. 2 Alabama Crimson Tide, who shut out the No. 3 Michigan State Spartans 38–0 at the Cotton Bowl Classic, coached by Nick Saban.


text: The 13–1 Alabama Crimson Tide won the game, holding off the undefeated Clemson Tigers 45–40 in the fourth quarter. Accompanied by a talented receiving corps, Clemson's Heisman Finalist quarterback Deshaun Watson had a historic performance, setting the record for most total yards in national championship game history, with 478 yards (405 passing / 73 rushing) against the nation's third-ranked defense in Alabama, breaking the record previously set by Vince Young in the 2006 Rose Bowl. Following the game, the AP Poll also named Alabama as its top team of the season, giving Alabama their fourth title in seven seasons. Both Clemson and Alabama finished the season 14–1.


text: University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona was announced as the host site in December 2013, along with 2017 host Raymond James Stadium. The Arizona Organizing Committee, co-chaired by Brad Wright and Win Holden, hosted the game.


text: The championship game marked the 16th meeting between the two schools. The last previous meeting was the season opener in the 2008 Chick-fil-A Kickoff Game.


text: Alabama was led by head coach Nick Saban. The Crimson Tide played Michigan State in the semifinals at the 2015 Cotton Bowl Classic, winning 38–0.


text: Clemson was led by head coach Dabo Swinney. The Tigers played Oklahoma in the semifinals at the 2015 Orange Bowl, winning 37–17.


text: Alabama came off a stellar defensive performance in the semifinal game, and was looking to contain Clemson's QB Deshaun Watson, but Alabama defense was quickly forced into conceding most of the field and stopping Clemson in the redzone. Alabama's offense was stressed at the line of scrimmage by Clemson's defensive line led by Shaq Lawson. Despite being statistically outplayed by Clemson (550 Clemson offensive yards to 473 Alabama) offensively and statistically tied in other areas, Alabama was able to capitalize on three key plays: an interception of Deshaun Watson's pass early in the second quarter, a surprise Alabama onside kick early in the fourth quarter, and an Alabama kickoff return for a touchdown in the middle of the fourth quarter. These plays accounted for 21 points, and Alabama won the game 45 to 40.


text: Having won the coin toss to start the game, Clemson elected to defer to the second half. Characteristic of Alabama, the offensive opening drive was slow and cautious but notable for utilizing Derrick Henry four times, a change from the semifinal game against Michigan. Alabama and Clemson would trade punting drives before, on the next Alabama possession, Derrick Henry was utilized three times. On the third run, Derrick found an opening for a 50-yard touchdown run (7-0). However, on the next two Clemson possessions Deshaun Watson used his speed, agility, and elusiveness to sustain drives with a mixture of QB runs and fade routes against Alabama's top-ranked defense. Both drives ended in TD throws to Hunter Renfrow (7-14), the latter of which ended the first quarter.


text: On Alabama's next possession to start the second quarter, despite a promising start in a 29-yard pass to Richard Mullaney, Alabama's offensive line conceded a sack by Kevin Dodd and a tackle for loss on Derrick Henry. Characteristic of Alabama, facing third and long offensive coordinator Lane Kiffin opted for extra field position on a punt with a short throw to Ridley rather than attempting a first down pass. On the ensuing Clemson drive Deshaun Watson was intercepted by Eddie Jackson at the Clemson 42 yard line. The resulting Alabama possession culminated in a 1-yard TD run by Derrick Henry (14-14). After this flurry, both Clemson and Alabama played more cautiously as each of the three following possessions by both teams went no further than 40 yards. Clemson's last possession of the half resulted in a blocked field goal.


text: Going into the third quarter, Clemson opted to receive the ball but was forced into a quick three and out. On Alabama's next possession, TE OJ Howard found himself open in space for a 53-yard touchdown (21-14). Clemson responded with a mixture of QB runs, pass plays by Deshaun Watson, and key run plays by RB Wayne Gallman on its next two drives to get a 37-yard field goal by Greg Hugel (21-17) and a 1-yard touchdown run by Wayne Gallman (21-24). Both teams were then stalled for three and outs or near three and outs on their next two possessions to close the Third quarter.


text: On Alabama's first possession of the fourth quarter, Jacob Coker found ArDarius Stewart in single man coverage for 38 yards. This gain, however, did not translate into a touchdown as the offense was stalled by good secondary play from Clemson. Alabama settled for a field goal from 33 yards to tie the game (24-24). On the ensuing kickoff Alabama gambled on a surprise onside kick, executed to perfection by Adam Griffith and caught by Marlon Humphrey. Alabama capitalized almost immediately with another 50+ touchdown pass to a wide open OJ Howard (31-24). Clemson pulled within 4 once again. However, Alabama's defense held in the red zone and forced a field goal from Clemson (31-27). On the ensuing kickoff, Alabama RB Kenyan Drake stunned Clemson by taking the ball 95 yards for an Alabama touchdown (38-27). Deshaun Watson quickly answered with an 8 play 75 yard touchdown drive which culminated in a 15-yard touchdown pass to WR Artavius Scott. In attempt to pull within three points of Alabama (and thus within a field goal of tying the game), Clemson attempted a two-point conversion with what morphed into a naked bootleg QB run by Deshaun Watson which was stopped short (38-33). On Alabama's next possession QB Jacob Coker passed the ball in a checkdown screen to OJ Howard who, getting good blocking, ran for 63 yards. With less than 3 minutes left in the game, ran the ball up the middle to convert downs. After a key third down scramble for a first down by Jacob Coker, Derrick Henry, on third down, broke the touchdown plane with the nose of the ball over the top of the goal line pile of players for a 1-yard TD run (45-33). A stellar performance by Deshaun Watson on a 55-second drive culminated in a 24-yard touchdown pass to Jordan Leggett with 12 seconds left on the clock (45-40). Clemson attempted an onside kick but the ball was recovered by Alabama sealing their victory. This was the fourth Alabama national championship win in seven years, its first of the College Football Playoff era, and head coach Nick Saban's fifth overall.


text: The game was broadcast in the United States by ESPN, ESPN Deportes, and ESPN Radio, with Chris Fowler and Kirk Herbstreit as English commentators on TV, and Eduardo Varela and Pablo Viruega as Spanish commentators. In Brazil, the game was broadcast on ESPN Brazil by Everaldo Marques (play by play) and Antony Curti (color commentator). As in 2015, ESPN provided "Megacast" coverage of the game, which supplemented coverage with analysis and additional perspectives of the game on different ESPN channels and platforms.


text: An average of 23.6 million viewers watched the game, representing a 29% decrease over the 2015 title game, which was seen by 33.4 million viewers. The game was the sixth-highest-rated broadcast in U.S. cable television history (by contrast, the 2015 game was the highest-rated), and ESPN reported that the game brought the network its third-highest overnight ratings (behind the 2010 and 2015 title games).


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke Island (; Māori: ) is the second-largest island (after Great Barrier Island) in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand. Its ferry terminal in Matiatia Bay at the western end is from the central-city terminal in Auckland.


title: Waiheke Island

text: It is the most populated island in the gulf, with permanent residents. Another estimated 3,400 have second homes or holiday homes on the island. It is New Zealand's most densely populated island, and the third most populated after the North and South Islands. It is the most accessible island in the gulf, with regular passenger and car-ferry services, a helicopter operator based on the island, and other air links.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In November 2015, Lonely Planet rated Waiheke Island the fifth-best region in the world to visit in 2016.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The island is off the coast of the North Island. It is in length from west to east, varies in width from , and has a surface area of . The coastline is , including of beaches. The port of Matiatia at the western end is from Auckland and the eastern end is from Coromandel. The much smaller Tarahiki Island lies to the east.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The island is very hilly with few flat areas, the highest point being Maunganui at . The climate is slightly warmer than Auckland, with less humidity and rain, and more sunshine hours.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Approximately 17,000 years ago during the Last Glacial Maximum when sea levels were over 100 metres lower than present day levels, Waiheke Island was landlocked to the North Island, surrounded by a vast coastal plain where the Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana exists today. Sea levels began to rise 7,000 years ago, after which Waiheke became an island separated from the rest of New Zealand.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Much of eastern Waiheke island is the remains of a Miocene volcano of the Kiwitahi Group, which erupted approximately 15 million years ago. There are locations of interest to geologists: an argillite outcrop in Ōmiha, and a chert stack at the end of Pohutukawa Point, considered "one of the best exposures of folded chert in Auckland City".


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke, like Auckland, experiences a subtropical climate according to the Trewartha climate classification, and an oceanic climate according to the Köppen climate classification. The region lies 13° of latitude south of the Tropic of Capricorn, so tropical plants which are protected for the winter months will flower and fruit in the summer, and cold climate vegetables planted in autumn will mature in early spring. Summers tend to be warm and humid, while winters are relatively mild with frost being a rare event on Waiheke.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Rainfall is typically plentiful, though dry spells may occur during the summer months which can be problematic for many of the island residents, the vast majority of whom rely on rainwater harvesting from residential roofs for drinking and household use. During such dry periods (typically 3–4 months between December and March), the island's water-delivery trucks can be seen replenishing residential water tanks that have run dry.


title: Waiheke Island

text: It is often anecdotally said by locals that Waiheke has a different micro-climate from the Auckland isthmus. Though little data supports this, the following data from a NIWA report suggests Waiheke receives over 100 hours more sunshine a year than other parts of Auckland.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The islands of the Hauraki Gulf have been settled since the archaic period of Māori history, and were visited by many of the migratory canoes such as "Aotea", "Tākitimu", and "Mātaatua". Only the largest islands such as Aotea / Great Barrier Island and Waiheke sustained permanent settlements. The forests on the western side of Waiheke Island were likely heavily damaged in the 14th century eruptions of Rangitoto Island. During 18th and early 19th centuries, the eastern side of Waiheke was forested by ancient kauri trees, while kānuka and mānuka bushes dominated the vegetation of the western side, suggesting relatively recent regeneration. The original Māori name for Waiheke was apparently , 'the long sheltering island', but at the time the first European visitors arrived it was known as , 'island of trickling waters' — rendered as "Motu Wy Hake" by James Downie, master of the store ship HMS "Coromandel", in his 1820 chart of the Tamaki Strait and the Coromandel coast.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke Island has historically been settled by various tribes, especially the Marutūāhu collective tribes of Ngāti Maru and Ngāti Pāoa. Waiheke Island was the site of many battles between Ngāti Pāoa and Ngāpuhi from the Bay of Islands, up until the late 18th century. In the 1790s, sealing and whaling ships underwent repairs primarily on Waiheke Island.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The island was briefly depopulated during the Musket Wars, when Ngāti Pāoa and other Tāmaki Māori sought refuge in areas such as the Waikato. When Ngāti Pāoa returned to Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland), they primarily settled on Waiheke. After the wars, the Ngāti Pāoa community of Waiheke were mostly based at Pūtiki Bay.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 1836, Thomas Maxwell established a shipyard at Man o'War Bay in eastern Waiheke, using local timber to build and repair ships. Ngāti Pāoa quickly engaged with the emerging industries, helping to supply timber and food for European ships. Ngāti Pāoa established wheat and vegetable plantations on the eastern bays of the island. The shipbuilding industry remained on the island until the 1860s, after which the eastern farming plantations quickly became disused. Ngāti Pāoa at Te Huruhi continued to supply produce to Auckland until the early 20th century. Much of the firewood and building timber supplied to the growing city of Auckland was supplied by Waiheke Island forests, while shingle and sand from Owhanake and Hooks Bay was used for concrete manufacturing, up until the 1920s. The island was also home to manganese mines between 1872 and 1900 (briefly first established in the 1840s).


title: Waiheke Island

text: Large private land purchases occurred on Waiheke between 1836 and 1840s, followed by large crown land purchases in the 1850s. By the 1850s, the only Ngāti Pāoa land that remained on the island was a 2,100 acre section at Te Huruhi (near the modern suburb of Blackpool). Through a process of individualisation of land titled, the Māori Land Court split the Te Huruhi block between 65 individuals, and by 1914 most of the block had been sold to private interests. By the end of the 19th century, the island was increasingly deforested, and land was increasingly used for cattle pastures.


title: Waiheke Island

text: When shipping companies began offering occasional trips to the island in the 1880s, Waiheke emerged as a seaside resort. Day trips to Waiheke and Motutapu by steamers became a common recreational excursion, and boarding houses began to flourish at the south-eastern bays of the island. In 1915, Aucklanders were offered the chance to buy affordable land at Ostend, the first subdivision of Waiheke. The naming of these new subdivisions reveal the central role of beach life to the identity of the island. The winner of a competition naming the Surfdale subdivision was awarded a parcel of land near the beach. A section of land could be bought for a small deposit on top of a cost of 8 pence a day and was promoted as a sound investment, however, a level of self sufficiency was required for life on the island as electricity only arrived in 1954. These land offers were not open to Māori. Ostend and Surfdale were joined by additional subdivisions at Palm Beach, Rocky Bay and Oneroa in the 1920s.


title: Waiheke Island

text: During World War II, three gun emplacements were built at Stony Batter on the eastern edge to protect Allied shipping in Waitematā Harbour, in the fear that Japanese ships might reach New Zealand. This mirrored developments at North Head and Rangitoto Island. The guns were never fired in anger. The empty emplacements can be visited seven days a week. The extensive tunnels below them have also opened as a tourist attraction.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 1999 Waiheke's community board voted Waiheke as a "genetic engineering free zone", but this is a matter of principle rather than fact, as only national government controls exist over genetically engineered foods and grains.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has a resident population of people () with most living close to the western end, or near the isthmus between Huruhi Bay and Oneroa Bay, which at its narrowest is only wide. The settlements of Oneroa and Blackpool are the furthest west, followed by Palm Beach, Surfdale, and Ostend. Further east lies Onetangi, on the northern coast of the wide Onetangi Bay. To the south of this on the opposing coast is Whakanewha Regional Park, Whakanewha, and Ōmiha (also called 'Rocky Bay'). Much of the eastern half of the island is privately owned farmland and vineyards.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke is a popular holiday spot, and during the main summer season, especially around Christmas and Easter, its population increases substantially due to the number of holiday homes being rented out, corporate functions and dance parties at vineyards and restaurants, the Wine Festival and the Jazz Festival and weekend trippers from around the country and the world. The population increases significantly, almost all homes and baches are full and a festive atmosphere exists.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke had a population of 9,063 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 723 people (8.7%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 1,266 people (16.2%) since the 2006 census. There were 3,648 households, comprising 4,461 males and 4,599 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.97 males per female. The median age was 46.5 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 1,434 people (15.8%) aged under 15 years, 1,281 (14.1%) aged 15 to 29, 4,455 (49.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,896 (20.9%) aged 65 or older.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Ethnicities were 88.9% European/Pākehā, 11.4% Māori, 3.8% Pacific peoples, 4.0% Asian, and 4.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 62.0% had no religion, 23.9% were Christian, 0.8% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% were Hindu, 0.1% were Muslim, 1.1% were Buddhist and 3.5% had other religions.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Of those at least 15 years old, 2,337 (30.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 921 (12.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $32,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 1,533 people (20.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 3,618 (47.4%) people were employed full-time, 1,350 (17.7%) were part-time, and 165 (2.2%) were unemployed.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Relations between Māori and Pākehā are considered supportive by New Zealand standards. The local marae is on ancestral Māori land that had been promised to be set aside as Maori Reserve land and returned to Ngāti Pāoa , but remained owned by Waiheke County Council. The island's residents, Pākehā and Māori, got together, arranged for a long-term lease of council-owned land and built the marae. One of the earliest Māori land claims was driven by Waiheke citizens who at the time did not know who the tangata whenua Māori were for the island.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke is part of the territorial authority of Auckland Council. The first local government on the island were the Ostend Road Board and Orapiu Road Board, which both formed in 1921 and were combined in 1947. In 1970, the Waiheke County Council was formed, which administered the local government on Waiheke and the surrounding Hauraki Gulf islands. Since 1989, when the county council merged with the Auckland City Council, there has been an elected community board with limited, mainly representational powers, in line with other neighbourhoods in Auckland. One member on the City Council represented all the inhabited Hauraki Gulf islands (i.e. Waiheke, Great Barrier and Rakino) plus the downtown area in the central business district.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 1989 Waiheke County Council was amalgamated with Auckland City Council as part of Local Government restructuring of that year.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 1990 the Waiheke Community Board formally requested the right to de-amalgamate from the city. A 'De-amalgamation Committee' was established by Council to facilitate the Board's wish. However, this proved not to be to the liking of most of Auckland's citizens. In 1991, the city responded to a campaign run by a pro-union group, the Waiheke Island Residents & Ratepayers Association (Inc) by holding a democratic referendum. The de-amalgamation proposal sponsored by the Community Board was defeated.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2008, the Royal Commission on Auckland Governance received 3,080 submissions (from a population of 1.2 million), 737 of which were made by Waihekeans (population 8,500), almost 1/4 of all submissions. This exemplified the level of citizen involvement found on Waiheke. A public meeting of 150 residents on 29 March 2008 found a majority in favour of breaking away from Auckland City. The Royal Commission recommended that Waiheke Island retain its community board with enhanced powers. When Auckland Council was created in 2010 by amalgamating seven councils and territorial authorities and Auckland Regional Council, Waiheke was given its own local board.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The Waiheke Local Board was elected in the October 2010 Auckland local elections as part of the Auckland Council.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The 2010 local elections resulted in Waiheke resident Mike Lee becoming the Councillor for the Waitemata and Gulf ward. Denise Roche, Faye Storer, Jo Holmes, Don McKenzie and Jim Hannan were elected to the new Local Board. After Roche's resignation after becoming a Member of Parliament for the Green Party of New Zealand in 2011, Paul Walden was elected in a by-election.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2013 Lee was re-elected. Paul Walden was re-elected to the Local Board, joined by Beatle Treadwell, Becs Ballard, John Meeuwsen and Shirin Brown.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2016, Lee was re-elected. Paul Walden, Shirin Brown and John Meeuwsen were re-elected to the Local Board. Newly elected were Cath Handley and Bob Upchurch.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2015–16, the subject of amalgamation remained a hot topic on the island with an application filed with the Local Government Commission from a group called Our Waiheke for a unitary authority.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke's lifestyle is largely influenced by the fact that it is surrounded by water – there are a number of beaches mentioned above, that are popular for a wide range of activities such as kite surfing, kayaking, stand-up-paddle boarding, boating, swimming and other typical beach pursuits.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has a community-run cinema, a theatre that hosts a number of regular musicians, performances and local productions, and a library that was rebuilt in 2014 at the cost of $6 million. There are a large number of art galleries run by private individuals across the island, along with a community art gallery.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has become internationally known for the biennial exhibition Sculpture on the Gulf, an "outdoor sculpture exhibition set on a spectacular coastal walkway on Waiheke Island in Auckland’s Hauraki Gulf". It takes place towards the end of January until approximately mid-March every second year. It was listed by the "New York Times" as number 35 in its list of 46 must-see places and events of 2013. The sculpture walk attracts thousands of visitors to Waiheke; in 2013, there were more than 30,000 attendees.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has a number of sports teams and facilities on the island. Rugby union, cricket, rugby league, football and netball are widely played and followed.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke Island has two primary schools and one secondary school. It is the only island in New Zealand, other than the North and South Islands, with a secondary school.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2016, the New Zealand Government Education Minister announced a $40 million school rebuild project for Waiheke. This was made up of two project announcements: $23 million to Te Huruhi School rebuild project to provide three new blocks with 22 new teaching spaces, a new administration area and library and targeted repairs to the existing school hall; and $17m was awarded to the Waiheke High School redevelopment project to build 10 new teaching spaces and improvement to existing facilities.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Both rebuild project were started in 2019 with an expected completion date of late 2019 / early 2020.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The ferry Baroona, built in Australia in 1904, was the main way to get to the island from the mainland for much of the twentieth century and was known for being a slow and noisy ferry. In 1987, the first of a fleet of new catamaran ferries began to provide more efficient access to and from the island. The 40 minute journey each way made a daily commute more viable.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Scheduled ferry services regularly sail to and from Waiheke. Fullers operate passenger services from Downtown Auckland to Waiheke's Matiatia wharf, with trips taking approximately 40 minutes. Meanwhile, SeaLink provides passenger, car and freight services between Half Moon Bay in East Auckland and Waiheke's Kennedy Point, with trips taking around 50 minutes to an hour. SeaLink also offer a passenger and car "City Service" connecting Kennedy Point with Auckland's Wynyard Quarter.


title: Waiheke Island

text: There have been several attempts to provide alternative passenger ferry services from Matiatia. Most recently, New Zealand tour cruise company Explore Group provided a Matiatia to Downtown service from late 2014 until April 2016. The competition was welcomed by Waiheke residents, but ultimately proved unsustainable for the company.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In recent years, there has been significant controversy with many of Waiheke's resident population who rely on the ferries "like buses" – and especially those who commute daily to work in Auckland – complaining of poor parking arrangements at Matiatia, unfair price increases and generally poor ferry services. This led to the launch of a Ferry User's Group (or FUG) and a "Fuller's Watch" group, with the objective of giving a voice to the island's ferry passengers whilst lobbying local politicians and working with the ferry companies to improve the overall experience.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has a reliable and fully timetabled public bus service (pdf) which is operated by Waiheke Bus Company (owned by Fullers), and overseen by Auckland Transport.


title: Waiheke Island

text: There are five routes operating in a new network from October 2019. Most routes operate to and from the ferry terminal at Matiatia and span outwards across the island towards Palm Beach, Ostend, Rocky Bay and out to Onetangi Beach. There are no public bus routes towards the Eastern end of the island.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In July 2019, it was announced that Waiheke will get a fleet of electric buses on the island. This will start with six new electric buses in mid-2020, with an additional five to arrive later.


title: Waiheke Island

text: There is one airport on the island, Waiheke Island Aerodrome, served via fixed-wing aircraft by Flight Hauraki and via helicopter by a number of operators. Waiheke is also accessible via a regular seaplane service.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Roads: The roads are mainly narrow and in many places unsealed and unlit, especially on the eastern half of the island. Except for the Onetangi Straight (60 km/h) and the rural eastern end, the island speed limit is 50 km/h, and many of the roads see traffic travelling at well under the limit due to their size. At the car ferry terminal at Kennedy Point, the highway department has posted a sign saying "Slow Down, You're here", which delivers the message to visitors about island life.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Transport: Primary transportation on the island is by privately owned used car or car-rental for visitors. The Waiheke Bus Company (owned by Fullers) services most inhabited parts of the island, linking to the ferry sailings from Matiatia. Numerous other taxi, shuttle, bus and boutique services cater to visitors. Due to the hills, bicycles on the island tended to be limited to the young and fit, including an active mountain bike group, until the advent of ebikes. With an ebike rental company in Oneroa that also sells ebikes, they are becoming a common feature on both local roads, and on the ferry boats to the mainland. Walking continues to be a popular means of island transport, both for access and recreation with many walking trails that are not along roads. Horse riding tends to be for recreation rather than transport, but the island does support both a pony club and adult riding club.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Power: Waiheke is connected to the North Island's electricity network via twin 33 kV undersea cables from Maraetai on the mainland, terminating on the island at a 33/11 kV substation in Ostend. The island's electricity network is operated by Auckland-based lines company Vector.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Water and waste water: Each house must maintain its own water supply, most collecting rainwater in cisterns. Water delivery is available and tends to be very active during dry summers. Except for the Oneroa sewage district which discharges into the Owhanake Treatment plant, each residence and relevant commercial establishments must install a septic tank and septic field to handle sewage. This is a requirement in every building consent.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Internet The fibre optic cable that runs from a bay on the southern side of the island connects it to the internet. Internet services were provided using VDSL and ADSL until central government introduced a national fibre optic rollout that included urban parts of Waiheke. Central government also forced the separation of the cable infrastructure from the ISPs, with the fibre backbone being maintained by Chorus which has contracts with numerous ISPs. The locally owned WISP continues to provided wireless internet and some islanders use both services to ensure system redundancy.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Solid Waste: The community established a charitable trust which successfully tendered for Auckland City's contract for solid waste disposal. The recycling centre was implemented with such success that it soon had to be expanded to handle the volume. However, when the contract term expired in 2009, the Council voted to disqualify incumbent tenderer Clean Stream Waiheke Ltd and granted Transpacific Industries Group Ltd a $22 million contract. The decision was political.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Emergency Services: The Waiheke Volunteer Fire Brigade, part of the New Zealand Fire Service, serves the island. The brigade has two stations, at Oneroa and at Onetangi.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Media: The island has a lively press, with the long-established, independently owned weekly "Waiheke Gulf News" and until recently the Fairfax Media owned "Waiheke Marketplace" which closed down in 2018. A community radio station, Waiheke Radio, is broadcasting on 88.3 FM and 107.4 FM after Beach FM lost its licence in a commercial bid in 2008.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The gateway to Waiheke, where the main pedestrian ferry lands over one million passengers per year, is a valley and harbour called Matiatia. In 2000 it was purchased by three investors in Waitemata Infrastructure Ltd (WIL). In 2002 WIL proposed to change the Operative District Plan rules for their land to build a major shopping and hotel complex with of gross floor area on buildable land of approximately 3 hectares. This united the residents of the island in opposition. Over 1,500 adult residents of the island (out of perhaps 3,000) joined in an incorporated society, the Community and People of Waiheke Island (CAPOW), to oppose the private plan change in court. Church Bay resident and former newsreader John Hawkesby became "the voice of the campaign" that included a showdown with then mayor, John Banks, when Hawkesby made a deputation to the city council hours after the press revealed that Banks was in business with two (of three) directors of WIL.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2004, they won an interlocutory judgement in which the environment court ruled that Auckland City Council had erred in the rules, and the current rules limited controlled development to in what was called the Visitor Facility Precinct. In 2005, CAPOW won an interim judgement by the court which reduced the proposed redevelopment to about a third of what the investors had originally sought.


title: Waiheke Island

text: This set the stage for confidential negotiations between Auckland's mayor Dick Hubbard and the investors, who on 31 August 2005 (now known as 'Matiatia Day' on the island) sold the stock in WIL to the city for $12.5 million. The unanimous vote on 30 June 2005 of the City Council to approve the purchase was said to have come about because of the unity of the people of Waiheke Island. The court case finally was concluded with permitted development set at 10,000 m2 of mixed use gross floor development. The Court also found Auckland City Council and WIL liable for costs in relationship to the interlocutory judgement. Since WIL was now owned by Council, it had to write a cheque to CAPOW for $18,000, representing 75% of CAPOW's costs on that matter. This final cheque allowed CAPOW to pay all its debts and balance its books.


title: Waiheke Island

text: The Council organised a design competition in 2006 to find a suitable development plan and project for the Matiatia gateway. The competition winner's design (scheme 201) was available for comment on the Council website. It attracted much criticism for the lack of car parking close to the ferry terminal, the transport hub function used by all islanders regularly and almost daily by around 850 commuters to Auckland.


title: Waiheke Island

text: In 2013, Matiatia again became a hotspot for controversy as a group of residents proposes a private marina at the terminal. Some of the veterans of the protests a decade prior (led by local resident, retired newsreader John Hawkesby), re-emerged to oppose. The Environment Court decided in favour of the residents.


title: Waiheke Island

text: Waiheke has become known as New Zealand's "island of wine," home to a dedicated group of winegrowers who have successfully matched the maritime climate and ancient soil structures to the selection of classical grape varieties to produce red and white wines with distinctive varietal character. The climate is well-suited to growing Bordeaux-type grapes, though some Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc varieties are also considered to be good. Waiheke winegrowers regularly win awards for Syrah (Kennedy Point's 2007 Syrah won best Syrah in the world in 2009), proving the island's "terroir" suits the variety well. Wines produced on Waiheke are relatively expensive because of the limited size of many of the island's vineyards.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: Ficus microcarpa, also known as Chinese banyan, Malayan banyan, Indian laurel, curtain fig, or , is a tree in the fig family Moraceae. It is native in a range from China through tropical Asia and the Caroline Islands to Australia. It is widely planted as a shade tree and frequently misidentified as "F. retusa" or as "F. nitida" (syn. "F. benjamina").


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus microcarpa" was described in 1782 by Carl Linnaeus the Younger. The species has a considerable number of synonyms. In 1965, E. J. H. Corner described seven varieties (and two forms of "Ficus microcarpa" var. "microcarpa") which were regarded as synonyms under the name of "Ficus microcarpa" in the latest Flora Malesiana volume.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: Hill's weeping fig was first formally described as a species, Ficus hillii, by Frederick Manson Bailey in the "Botany Bulletin" of the Queensland Department of Agriculture, based on the type specimen collected in the "scrubs of tropical Queensland'". In 1965, it was reassigned by E. J .H. Corner as a variety of "F. microcarpa", namely F. microcarpa" var. "hillii.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus microcarpa" is a tropical tree with smooth light-gray bark and entire oblanceolate leaves about 2-2.5 inches (5–6 cm) long which in Mediterranean climates grows to about forty feet (twelve meters) tall and with an equal spread of crown. Where conditions are favorable for the banyan habit (tropical and humid subtropical) it grows much larger, producing great numbers of prop roots.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The largest known specimen is Auntie Sarah's Banyan at the Menehune Botanical Gardens near Nawiliwili, Kauai, Hawai'i which is 110.0 feet (33.53 meters) in height, 250 feet (76.2 meters) in crown spread, and having over one thousand aerial trunks.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The "F. microcarpa" with the thickest trunk is also in Hawai'i, at Keaau Village, Puna District, on the Big Island. Its main trunk is 28.0 feet (8.53 meters) thick at breast height. It is also 195.0 feet (59.44 meters) in limb spread. Only slightly smaller is the "Banyan at Lomteuheakal" in Vanuatu, a "F. microcarpa" with a main trunk 27.15 feet thick (26 meters circumference).


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus microcarpa" is native to tropical Asia, southern China, Taiwan, islands of the Western Pacific and Australia. A tropical and subtropical species, the tree requires a warm climate and a humid atmosphere. It can nevertheless withstand temperatures close to 0 °C. The species occurs mainly at low elevations, and its natural habitats include tropical rainforests, river edges, coasts, swamps and mangroves.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus microcarpa" was widely distributed as an ornamental plant and is one of the most common street trees in warm climates. Outside its original range, the species has been introduced to North Africa, Iraq, Pakistan, Japan and Hawaii. In America, it was introduced in Florida and Central America and the South, where it is commonly grown as an ornamental species.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: In urbanized areas, trees can grow in cracks, walls, buildings and other masonry elements. It seems that the species can tolerate urban pollutants in soil moisture, including sulfur dioxide, lead and cadmium, as well as salt.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The symbiotic pollinating fig wasp, "Eupristina verticillata", was introduced along with "F. microcarpa". Such an introduction, however, can be delayed: in Brazil - where specimens of the tree had been used in gardening since the nineteenth century, when it was introduced by the architect Auguste François Marie Glaziou into various public parks of Rio de Janeiro - the appearance of saplings began only during the 1970s. Such saplings are considered to be very aggressive, as they can grow in the walls of buildings, bridges, highways, and other concrete structures.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The tree is considered a major invasive species in Hawaii, Florida, Bermuda, Central America, and South America. "F. microcarpa" is widely used as a street and ornamental tree in areas of coastal California that are free of regular frost. Its strong roots can lift sidewalks and pavements, and many California cities no longer recommend planting them. In Southern California, a population of the symbiotic fig wasp is now established, which allows the ornamental trees to produce fertile fruit. Seeds are spread by fruit-eating birds, and "F. microcarpa" can now spread without direct human help. Naturalized populations have been found in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, and Ventura counties, including on buildings, bridges, and other structures, and as an epiphyte on other trees, especially palm trees. It is commonly used as an ornamental tree in most of Spain's Mediterranean coast, as in the Balearic and the Canary islands. Ficus microcarpa can also be found on the southern coast of Sicily, in Rhodes and Cyprus. It is considered an invasive plant in Israel, although it is not widespread.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The pollinating fig wasp associated with "Ficus microcarpa" is "Eupristina verticillata". In addition, 19 non-pollinating fig wasp species parasitize "Ficus microcarpa" figs.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: These fig wasps are from different families, which include those of the Eurytomidae and Pteromalidae families.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: In some parts of its introduced range, it is very attractive to avian wildlife: in São Paulo, Brazil, ten species of birds were listed as feeding on its fruits, especially "Turdus rufiventris", "Pitangus sulphuratus", "Turdus leucomelas", "Thraupis sayaca" and "Celeus flavescens". Its fruit and leaves are also sought after and eaten by the parrot "Aratinga leucophthalmus". Although invasive, its hardiness makes it an important species for the attraction of avian wildlife in urban environments.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus microcarpa" is cultivated as an ornamental tree for planting in gardens, parks, and in containers as an indoor plant and bonsai specimen. In Southeast Asia, it is cultivated as a shade tree because of its dense foliage. Its ability to produce discards also makes it easy to drive in hedge or bush.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: As a tropical and subtropical tree, it is suitable for temperatures above 20 °C all year long, which explains why it is generally sold as a houseplant. It can, however, withstand relatively low temperatures, suffering damage only below 0 °C. High humidity (70% - 100%) is preferable and seems to favor the development of aerial roots. The species can be propagated easily by cuttings, either in water or directly in a substrate of sand or potting soil.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: "Ficus Emerald Green" is an Australian cultivar with glossy, green foliage and upright growth habit that can be used in a formal garden setting as a hedgerow. The cultivar can also be trained to look similar to a 'lollipop' in a container.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: The plant is also used in traditional medicine in India, Malaysia, China and Japan. In Japan, the bark, the aerial roots and dried leaves are traditionally used against pain and fever, while in China the plant is traditionally used among others against the flu, the malaria, bronchitis and rheumatism. The pharmacological properties of "Ficus microcarpa" would include antioxidant activities, antibacterial, anticarcinogen and anti diabetic agents.


title: Ficus microcarpa

text: In Southeast Asia, "F. microcarpa", among other species, is thought to be home to spirits, such as Pontianak (folklore). In China, large fig trees can be associated with beneficial spirits and vital energy ("Qi"). In Singapore, some trees are associated with places of worship among Buddhists and Taoists.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Steven Pruitt (born April 17, 1984) is an American Wikipedia editor with the highest number of edits made to the English Wikipedia, at over 5 million, having made at least one edit to one-third of all English Wikipedia articles. Pruitt first began editing Wikipedia in 2004. He has also created more than 33,000 Wikipedia articles. Pruitt was named as one of the 25 most important influencers on the Internet by "Time" magazine in 2017.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt edits under the pseudonym Ser Amantio di Nicolao, which is a reference to a minor character in Giacomo Puccini's 1917 opera "Gianni Schicchi". He has stated that he aims to fight gender bias on Wikipedia, promoting the inclusion of women via the Women in Red project.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt was born on April 17, 1984, in San Antonio, Texas, the only child of Alla Pruitt, a Russian Jewish immigrant, and Donald Pruitt of Richmond, Virginia. His mother emigrated from the Soviet Union under the loosening of the policy of Jewish migration under Leonid Brezhnev, while his father worked as a college professor in Virginia. They met when they were both teachers in the Defense Language Institute's Russian Department at Lackland Air Force Base, close to San Antonio.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: While growing up, Pruitt was an avid reader of classical literature and mystery stories by Agatha Christie and Ngaio Marsh.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt graduated from St. Stephen's & St. Agnes School in Alexandria, Virginia, in 2002. He attended the College of William & Mary, where he sang as part of a choir, and he graduated in 2006 with a degree in art history.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: In 2017, Pruitt was a contractor for U.S. Customs and Border Protection, where he worked with records and information and preferred to work on paper. In 2020, he became a records manager at the Defense Health Agency. As of 2021, he works for Chenega IT Enterprise Services, a contractor for the Defense Health Agency.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt began editing Wikipedia in June 2004. His first Wikipedia article was about Peter Francisco, a Portuguese-born American Revolutionary War hero known as the "Virginia Hercules". His favorite article to work on is the Virginia Pohick Church. He created his current account in January 2006 while a senior at the College of William & Mary. Prior to creating his current account, he had edited under several accounts for which he kept forgetting the password. Being unemployed during the 2008 financial crisis, Pruitt spent hours editing, which sometimes prevented him from getting job interviews when potential interviewers confused the site with Julian Assange's WikiLeaks. By February 2019, Pruitt had made over three million edits to Wikipedia, more than any other editor on the English Wikipedia, and he made over four million edits by February 2021. He surpassed editor Justin Knapp for the most edits in 2015. The same year, he became an Administrator. Pruitt has also created more than 33,000 Wikipedia articles, the seventh-highest tally out of any Wikipedia editor. According to "Northern Virginia Magazine", "Pruitt has not literally pressed the 'edit' button 4.4 million times. One method he has used to achieve his astonishing numbers is a software tool that allows a user to make numerous identical edits simultaneously. For example, he could italicize every mention of "Northern Virginia" magazine across Wikipedia where it currently appears in standard font. Yet it is claimed he has not 'cheated' his way to the top spot, since that software is also available to others."


title: Steven Pruitt

text: As a contributing member of the Women in Red WikiProject, his Wikipedia edits have included creating articles on more than 600 women, in order to counter the site's gender gap. Even though the majority of his work is done alone, he is also a member of the . Pruitt, who identifies as an inclusionist and a , spends between three and four hours daily editing, with more on the weekends. The longest Pruitt has gone without editing Wikipedia is two or three weeks. He made the on January 13, 2021, to the page "Death Breathing". Concurrently several hundred thousand early Wikipedia edits were lost during a software upgrade.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt was featured on "CBS This Morning" in January 2019. In the interview, Pruitt described the first article he worked on (about Peter Francisco), known as the "Virginia Hercules", and his commitment to help boost Wikipedia's coverage of notable women, one area in which Wikipedia critics have noted the site falls short.


title: Steven Pruitt

text: Pruitt's non-Wikipedia-related interests include the Capitol Hill Chorale, in which he sings. He is an avid fan of opera, which started from his parents' inculcation at an early age, and this passion provided inspiration for his Wikipedia username "Ser Amantio di Nicolao" – after a minor character in the 1918 Puccini opera "Gianni Schicchi". Pruitt is also a fan of classical music. As of 2018, he is single and living with his parents as their caregiver due to the high costs of housing in the Washington, D.C., area.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Milena Leticia Roucka (; born October 25, 1979) is a Canadian retired professional wrestler, valet and model. She was known for her time in WWE under the ring name Rosa Mendes. She managed former WWE Tag Team Champions Primo & Epico from 2011 to 2013. She was also a main cast member on the E! reality series "Total Divas".


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Roucka grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia and is of Czech and Costa Rican descent. She was a self-described "tomboy" growing up, and was once suspended from school for fighting. Roucka studied business at the University of British Columbia, but dropped out to pursue a career in modeling. In 2004, she was the first North American to win the "Piel Dorada", a major Latin American modeling contest.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: In the summer of 2006, Roucka competed in the WWE Diva Search and reached the final eight. She won the first round, a dance competition. After she was eliminated on August 24, WWE then signed her to a developmental contract.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: On the November 24, 2008 episode of "Raw", Roucka appeared as a planted fan, holding a sign proclaiming her WWE Women's Champion Beth Phoenix's number one fan. Over the next few weeks, she continued holding signs supporting Phoenix. On the December 22 "Raw", Phoenix's boyfriend/tag partner Santino Marella introduced her as Rosa Mendes. The next week, she jumped the guardrail and attacked the new number one contender, Melina, who was attacking Phoenix. The next week, Stephanie McMahon said Mendes had been banned from WWE events after attacking Melina again. Mendes evaded the ban by disguising herself as a paparazzo in Melina's entrance and attacked her again.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: On the January 19, 2009 episode of "Raw", Marella announced he had hired Mendes to be his and Phoenix's intern. Mendes accompanied Phoenix for her Women's title match against Melina on the February 16 episode of "Raw", and again in a dark match at No Way Out pay-per-view. On the March 30 episode of "Raw", Mendes made her in-ring debut in an 18-woman tag team match, which her team lost. At WrestleMania XXV, Mendes competed in a 25-woman battle royal, but was eliminated by Marella, who competed in drag, claiming to be his twin sister "Santina". Phoenix, with Mendes managing her, had a brief scripted rivalry with both "Santina" and Marella, and challenged "Santina" for the "Miss WrestleMania" title, but was unsuccessful. On the June 11 episode of "Superstars", Mendes got her first televised win when she teamed with Beth Phoenix against The Bella Twins where Phoenix pinned one of the Bellas. Mendes made her singles debut against Mickie James on the June 15 "Raw", in a losing effort. After a brief hiatus, Mendes and Phoenix returned on the July 27 episode of "Raw", teaming with Alicia Fox in a losing effort to Mickie James, Gail Kim, and Kelly Kelly.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: In August 2009, she began managing Carlito after teaming with him on the August 13 episode of "Superstars", to defeat Kofi Kingston and Mickie James in a mixed tag team match, and her association with Beth Phoenix quietly ended. On the August 31 episode of "Raw", Mendes lost a battle royal to determine the number one contender to the WWE Divas Championship when she was eliminated by Beth Phoenix.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: On October 12, 2009, Mendes was traded from Raw to the ECW brand. She debuted on the October 20 episode of "ECW", in a backstage segment with ECW general manager, Tiffany, who welcomed her to ECW.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: On the November 3 episode of "ECW" she began distracting Zack Ryder, who was infatuated with her, during his matches. On the November 25 "ECW", Mendes began a personal and managerial relationship with Ryder. She managed him through various feuds, including one with Tommy Dreamer, culminating on December 29, when he defeated Dreamer to force him from WWE. On the final episode of "ECW" on February 16, 2010, Ryder and Mendes interfered in the main event match, and Mendes was speared by Tiffany.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Ryder and Mendes then moved to the Raw brand. She made her in-ring return on the April 5 "Raw", in a Divas Championship number-one-contender battle royal, which Eve Torres won. On April 27, Mendes was drafted to the SmackDown brand as part of the 2010 Supplemental Draft, without Ryder. She and Ryder reunited on the April 29 "Superstars", where she managed him to a win over Primo. In her debut match for "SmackDown", she lost to Kelly Kelly. On the May 6 episode of "Superstars", Mendes faced Beth Phoenix in a non-title match in which Phoenix tore her ACL. As a result, one week later on "SmackDown", Mendes received a WWE Women's Championship match, though she was ejected from the match by Vickie Guerrero and replaced by Michelle McCool and Layla.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: In June 2010, Mendes tried to join LayCool (Michelle McCool and Layla), who refused and instead mocked her. Over the next few months, Mendes exercised in backstage segments in an attempt to impress LayCool, and cost Layla a match by distracting her by skipping rope at ringside. On the September 17 episode of "SmackDown", Rosa Mendes turned face by teaming with Kelly Kelly to lose to LayCool. In late 2010, Rosa Mendes appeared mainly in backstage segments with various wrestlers, including Kane and Hornswoggle. On February 25, 2011, Mendes won her first "SmackDown" singles match, over Layla by disqualification, after McCool attacked her outside the ring. The next week, Mendes reunited with Beth Phoenix, teaming to lose to LayCool. On the March 25 episode of "SmackDown!", Mendes teamed with Kelly Kelly to again lose to LayCool.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: After some time away, Mendes returned on the May 27 episode of "SmackDown" as a heel, managing the team of Tamina and Alicia Fox to a win over The Chickbusters (AJ and Kaitlyn). They also won the rematch a week later. On the June 17 episode of "SmackDown", Mendes teamed with Fox and Snuka to defeat The Chickbusters and Natalya. On the June 23 episode of "Superstars", they lost a rematch. On the July 29 episode of "Smackdown", they won the rubber match. On the July 15 episode of "SmackDown", Mendes lost to Divas Champion Kelly Kelly in a non-title match. On the August 1 episode of "Raw", Mendes competed in a Divas Championship number-one-contenders battle royal, which Beth Phoenix won.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Mendes started managing Primo & Epico on the December 1, 2011 "Superstars". On January 15, 2012, at a house show in Oakland, California, Primo and Epico defeated Air Boom (Evan Bourne and Kofi Kingston) for the WWE Tag Team Championship. On the WrestleMania XXVIII pre-show, they successfully defended the title against The Usos and Justin Gabriel and Tyson Kidd in a Triple Threat tag team match. On the April 30 episode of "Raw", Primo and Epico lost the title to R-Truth and Kofi Kingston.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Primo, Epico and Mendes then joined Abraham Washington's "All World Promotions" stable, until he turned on them at No Way Out, costing them the match and allying with their opponents, The Prime Time Players (Titus O'Neil & Darren Young). The next night on "Raw", Mendes, Primo and Epico turned face when they defeated the Prime Time Players by countout. after Young and O'Neil walked out of the match. At Money in the Bank, Mendes managed Primo and Epico to a win over The Prime Time Players. Following the release of A.W. they quickly returned as heels and from September till the end of the year, Primo and Epico had a losing streak.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Roucka took a two-month hiatus to settle some personal issues at home. Mendes returned to television on the July 25 episode of "NXT", though she did not wrestle. On August 26, Mendes returned to "Raw" as a face, dancing with The Miz to distract Fandango before managing him in his match against Fandango. Despite this, she teamed up with the other heel Divas (Aksana and Alicia Fox) on the October 7 episode of "Raw" in a losing effort against Natalya, Eva Marie and JoJo.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Mendes and other Divas began a feud with the cast "Total Divas" after the implosion on "Raw", leading to them accompanying Tamina Snuka on the November 20 episode of "Main Event", to defeat Naomi, who had the Total Divas in her corner. At the Survivor Series pay-per-view, Mendes participated in her first pay-per-view match, a seven-on-seven traditional elimination tag team match as her team took on the Total Divas; Mendes managed to eliminate Cameron before she was eliminated, but her team ultimately lost the match. The following night on "Raw", they faced the Total Divas in a rematch, in a losing effort. On April 6, Rosa competed at WrestleMania XXX in the 14–Diva "Vickie Guerrero Invitational match" for the WWE Divas Championship, which was won by the defending champion AJ Lee. She returned on the June 23 episode of "Raw", interfering on behalf of Stephanie McMahon, along with Layla and Alicia Fox, but was thrown into a mud pool by Vickie Guerrero during their match. On July 8 episode of "Main Event", Mendes participated in a six–on–one handicap match with Eva Marie, Summer Rae, Naomi and Natalya against Nikki Bella as part of Stephanie McMahon's punishment against Nikki.<ref name="Main Event 7/8/14"></ref> Mendes would transition into a fan favorite on the September 2 episode of "Main Event", teaming with Natalya in a losing effort to Summer Rae and Layla because of a miscommunication.<ref name="MainEvent9/2/14"></ref>


title: Rosa Mendes

text: After two months of absence, Mendes returned as Fandango's new dance partner on the Survivor Series pre-show on November 23. Fandango defeated Justin Gabriel with a Salsa dancer gimmick and new theme music. On the April 13, 2015 episode of "Raw", Fandango dissolved his relationship with Mendes. Later that night, Mendes competed in a Divas battle royal to determine the #1 contender for the WWE Divas Championship. Mendes eliminated Natalya and Summer Rae before being eliminated by Emma. Following the end of her association with Fandango, Mendes ended up costing him a match to Adam Rose, whom she subsequently went on to manage.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: As she announced her pregnancy on August 6, Mendes began serving as the WWE.com correspondent for "SmackDown" in October. The same month, she went on maternity leave, and gave birth on February 13, 2016. She retired from WWE exactly one year later, on February 13, 2017. Her last televised appearance with the company took place as a guest appearance on the sixth season of Total Divas in April, where she was billed as a former WWE Superstar.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: In 2018, Roucka announced that she was making her return to professional wrestling. On May 19, Roucka made her first wrestling appearance on MCW Pro Wrestling under her WWE ring name, Rosa Mendes, when she teamed with the former WWE wrestler Adam Rose, which together they successfully defeated the team of Gia Scott and Joe Keys.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: She portrayed Isabel Díaz in the video game "". In September 2014, Mendes joined the main cast of "Total Divas", a reality television show produced by WWE and E!, in which she was a main cast member during the third and the fifth season. Mendes appeared in one WWE video game. She made her in-game debut at "WWE 2K16" as a selectable manager.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Roucka has trained in kickboxing, Muay Thai and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. She cites Trish Stratus as her inspiration for becoming a wrestler. She has a Chinese tattoo which consists of adorned wings and a halo, on the right side of her waist. On May 18, 2012, she suffered whiplash in a car accident.


title: Rosa Mendes

text: Roucka came out on Total Divas as bisexual in 2014. But, in a later interview, stated that she was straight. On August 6, 2015, Roucka announced that she and her partner, musician and clothing company owner Bobby Schubenski, were expecting their first child, a girl, whom she planned to name Jordan Elizabeth. On October 8, Roucka and Schubenski got engaged in Paris, France. As part of the pregnancy, Roucka moved to Pittsburgh so that the baby could be closer to Schubenski's family. She gave birth to Jordan Elizabeth on February 13, 2016.


title: Hand of Glory

text: A Hand of Glory is the dried and pickled hand of a hanged man, often specified as being the left () hand, or, if the person was hanged for murder, the hand that "did the deed."


title: Hand of Glory

text: Old European beliefs attribute great powers to a Hand of Glory combined with a candle made from fat from the corpse of the same malefactor who died on the gallows. The candle so made, lighted, and placed (as if in a candlestick) in the Hand of Glory would have rendered motionless all persons to whom it was presented. The process for preparing the hand and the candle are described in 18th-century documents, with certain steps disputed due to difficulty in properly translating phrases from that era. The concept inspired short stories and poems in the 19th century.


title: Hand of Glory

text: Etymologist Walter Skeat reports that, while folklore has long attributed mystical powers to a dead man's hand, the specific phrase "Hand of Glory" is in fact a folk etymology: it derives from the French ', a corruption of "mandragore", which is to say mandrake. Skeat writes, "The identification of the "hand of glory" with the "mandrake" is clinched by the statement in Cockayne's Leechdoms, i. 245, that the mandrake "shineth by night altogether like a lamp"". Cockayne in turn is quoting "Pseudo-Apuleius", in a translation of a Saxon manuscript of his '.


title: Hand of Glory

text: According to old European beliefs, a candle made of the fat from a malefactor who died on the gallows, lighted, and placed (as if in a candlestick) in the Hand of Glory, which comes from the same man as the fat in the candle, would render motionless all persons to whom it was presented. The method for holding the candle is sketched in "". The candle could be put out only with milk. In another version, the hair of the dead man is used as a wick, and the candle would give light only to the holder.


title: Hand of Glory

text: The Hand of Glory also purportedly had the power to unlock any door it came across. The method of making a Hand of Glory is described in ', and in the '.


title: Hand of Glory

text: The 1722 "" describes in detail how to make a Hand of Glory, as cited from him by Émile-Jules Grillot de Givry:


title: Hand of Glory

text: De Givry points out the difficulties with the meaning of the words "zimat" and "ponie", saying it is likely "ponie" means horse-dung. De Givry is expressly using the 1722 edition, where the phrase is, according to John Livingston Lowes "" and de Givry notes that the meaning of "ponie" as "horse dung" is entirely unknown "to us", but that in local Lower Normandy dialect, it has that meaning. His reason for regarding this interpretation as "more than probable" is that horse-dung is "very combustible, when dry".


title: Hand of Glory

text: In the French 1752 edition (called ", i.e., "New Edition, corrected and augmented"), however, this reads as "", that is, in Francis Grose's translation from 1787, "sisame of Lapland", or Lapland sesame. This interpretation can be found many places on the Internet, and even in books published at university presses. Two books, one by Cora Daniels, another by Montague Summers, perpetuate the Lapland sesame myth, while being uncertain whether zimat should mean verdigris or the Arabian sulphate of iron.


title: Hand of Glory

text: An actual Hand of Glory is kept at the Whitby Museum in North Yorkshire, England, together with a text published in a book from 1823. In this manuscript text, the way to make the Hand of Glory is as follows:


title: Hand of Glory

text: In "Hellboy"'s "Box Full of Evil" story and "Being Human" story, a Hand of Glory is used to paralyze everyone except the holder of the hand.


title: Hand of Glory

text: In "The Invisibles" by Grant Morrison large parts of the plot surround attempts from both the Invisibles and the Outer Church to obtain, and find out how to control, a Hand of Glory. In the comic, it is seen as having the propensity to open doors in timespace - i.e. open gates to other worlds and ages.


title: Hand of Glory

text: In "Black Magick" by Greg Rucka, a hand of glory is crafted from the corpse of a hanged rapist and murderer, Bruce Dunridge. The body was found washed on shore, missing his sinister hand.


title: Hand of Glory

text: In Marvel Comics, the Hand of Glory is a technique used by the Goddess of Death Hela to enhance her strength with mystical energy and kill anybody with her fist.


title: Hand of Glory

text: A Hand of Glory was proposed as one of the motives for an unsolved murder that occurred in wartime England some time in mid-late 1941. The case was made more mysterious by numerous graffiti that appeared later stating ""Who put Bella in the Wych Elm?"", referring to the woman's corpse which was found inside a tree.


title: Hand of Glory

text: Severed hands in an occult context occur as early as Herodotus's "Tale of Rhampsinitus" (ii, 121), in which a clever thief leaves a dead hand behind in order to avoid capture. They also appear in early stories of lycanthropy, such as Henry Boguet's "" in 1590.


title: Hand of Glory

text: In 1832 wrote the short story "" ("The Hand of Glory, a Macaronic Story"). The same year Aloysius Bertrand published "" ("The Hour of the Sabbat"). Guy de Maupassant made his debut with "" ("The Flayed Hand") (1875) one of his first stories in the ' under the pseudonym Joseph Prunier. Marcel Schwob wrote an uncollected short story about it: "" ("The Hand of Glory"), which was published in ' on March 11, 1893.


title: Hand of Glory

text: The second of the "Ingoldsby Legends", "The Hand of Glory, or, The Nurse's Story", describes the making and use of a Hand of Glory. The first lines are:


title: Christiane Paul

text: Christiane Paul (; born 8 March 1974 in Berlin-Pankow) is a German film, television and stage actress.


title: Christiane Paul

text: Paul first worked as a model for magazines such as "Bravo". She was 17 when she obtained her first leading role in the film "". Prior to her acting career (she has no formal acting training), she studied medicine and successfully completed her studies at the Humboldt University of Berlin; however, she gave up medicine in 2006.


title: Christiane Paul

text: Paul was married to physician Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schwenk from 2002 to 2006. She has a son with Schwenk and a daughter from a previous relationship. Since January 2016 Christiane Paul is married to a German physicist and lives with him in Berlin.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: Avram Joel Spolsky (born 1965) is a software engineer and writer. He is the author of "Joel on Software", a blog on software development, and the creator of the project management software Trello. He was a Program Manager on the Microsoft Excel team between 1991 and 1994. He later founded Fog Creek Software in 2000 and launched the "Joel on Software" blog. In 2008, he launched the Stack Overflow programmer Q&A site in collaboration with Jeff Atwood. Using the Stack Exchange software product which powers Stack Overflow, the Stack Exchange Network now hosts over 170 Q&A sites.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: Spolsky was born to Jewish parents and grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and lived there until he was 15. He then moved with his family to Israel, where he attended high school and completed his military service in the Paratroopers Brigade. He was one of the founders of the kibbutz Hanaton in Lower Galilee. In 1987, he returned to the United States to attend college. He studied at the University of Pennsylvania for a year before transferring to Yale University, where he was a member of Pierson College and graduated in 1991 with a BS "summa cum laude" in computer science.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: Spolsky started working at Microsoft in 1991 as a program manager on the Microsoft Excel team, where he designed Excel Basic and drove Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications strategy. He moved to New York City in 1995 where he worked for Viacom and Juno Online Services. In 2000, he founded Fog Creek Software and created the "Joel on Software" blog. "Joel on Software" was "one of the first blogs set up by a business owner".


title: Joel Spolsky

text: In 2005, Spolsky co-produced and appeared in "", a documentary documenting Fog Creek's development of Project Aardvark, a remote assistance tool.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: In 2008, Spolsky co-founded Stack Overflow, a question and answer community website for software developers, with Jeff Atwood. He served as CEO of the company until Prashanth Chandrasekar succeeded him in the role on October 1, 2019. Spolsky remains the company's Chairman.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: In 2016, Spolsky announced the appointment of Anil Dash as Fog Creek Software's new CEO, with Spolsky continuing as Stack Overflow's CEO and as a Fog Creek Software board member. The company has since been renamed Glitch.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: He is the author of five books, including "User Interface Design for Programmers" and "Smart and Gets Things Done". He is also the creator of "The Joel Test".


title: Joel Spolsky

text: Spolsky coined the term "fix it twice" for a process improvement method. It implies a quick, immediate solution for fixing an incident and a second, slower fix for preventing the same problem from occurring again by targeting the root cause. His use of the term "Shlemiel the painter's algorithm", referring to an algorithm that is not scalable due to performing too many redundant actions, was described by "salon.com"'s Scott Rosenberg as an example of good writing "about their insular world in a way that wins the respect of their colleagues and the attention of outsiders."


title: Joel Spolsky

text: Spolsky made an appearance at the WeAreDevelopers Conference 2017, stating how developers are writing the script for the future. In his speech, Spolsky talks about how software is eating the world, how it is becoming more evident in everyday life as people interact with more software on a day-to-day basis, and how developers are helping to shape how the world will work as technology keeps evolving. He uses the metaphor "we are just little vegetables floating in software soup", referring to our constant use of software for the most mundane activities, including work, social networking, and even taking a cab.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: In December 2019, Spolsky revealed he was the chairman of an open-source simulation startup called HASH.


title: Joel Spolsky

text: In 2015, Spolsky announced his marriage to his husband, Jared, on social media and his blog. He lives on the Upper West Side of Manhattan.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Dame Wendy Margaret Hiller, (15 August 1912 – 14 May 2003) was an English film and stage actress who enjoyed a varied acting career that spanned nearly 60 years. Writer Joel Hirschorn, in his 1984 compilation "Rating the Movie Stars", described her as "a no-nonsense actress who literally took command of the screen whenever she appeared on film". Despite many notable film performances, Hiller chose to remain primarily a stage actress.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Hiller won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in "Separate Tables" (1958). Her performance as Eliza Doolittle in "Pygmalion" (1938) earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Born in Bramhall, Cheshire, the daughter of Frank Watkin Hiller, a Manchester cotton manufacturer, and Marie Stone, she was educated at Winceby House School and at age 18 joined the Manchester Repertory Company, for which she acted and stage-managed for several years. She first found success as slum dweller Sally Hardcastle in the stage version of "Love on the Dole" in 1934. The play was an enormous success and toured the regional stages of Britain, including Hiller's West End debut in 1935 at the Garrick Theatre. In 1937, she married the play's author Ronald Gow, 15 years her senior. That same year, she made her film debut in "Lancashire Luck", scripted by Gow.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: The huge popularity of "Love on the Dole" took the production to New York in 1936, where Hiller's performance attracted the attention of George Bernard Shaw. Shaw recognised a spirited radiance in the young actress, which was ideally suited for playing his heroines. Shaw cast her in several of his plays, including "Saint Joan", "Pygmalion" and "Major Barbara", and his influence on her early career is clearly apparent. She was reputed to be Shaw's favourite actress of the time. Unlike other stage actresses of her generation, she performed in relatively few Shakespeare productions, preferring the more modern dramatists such as Henrik Ibsen and new plays adapted from the novels of Henry James and Thomas Hardy, among others.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: In the course of her stage career, Hiller won popular and critical acclaim in both London and New York. She excelled at rather plain but strong-willed characters. After touring Britain as Viola in "Twelfth Night" (1943), she returned to the West End to be directed by John Gielgud as Sister Joanna in "The Cradle Song" (Apollo, 1944). The string of notable successes continued as Princess Charlotte in "The First Gentleman" (Savoy, 1945) opposite Robert Morley as the Prince Regent, Pegeen in "Playboy of the Western World" (Bristol Old Vic, 1946) and "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" (Bristol Old Vic, 1946, transferring to the Piccadilly Theatre in the West End in 1947), which was adapted for the stage by her husband.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: In 1947, Hiller originated the role of Catherine Sloper, the painfully shy, vulnerable spinster in "The Heiress" on Broadway. The play, based on the Henry James novel "Washington Square", also featured Basil Rathbone as her emotionally abusive father. The production enjoyed a year-long run at the Biltmore Theatre in New York and would prove to be her greatest triumph on Broadway. On returning to London, Hiller again played the role in the West End production in 1950.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Her stage work remained a priority and continued with "Ann Veronica" (Piccadilly, 1949), which was adapted by Gow from the novel by H. G. Wells with his wife in the leading role. She performed in a two-year run of N. C. Hunter's "Waters of the Moon" (Haymarket, 1951–53) alongside Sybil Thorndike and Edith Evans. At the Old Vic for the 1955–56 season, Hiller contributed a notable performance as Portia in "Julius Caesar," among others, including as Helen of Troy in "Troilus and Cressida". Other stage work at this time included "The Night of the Ball" (New Theatre, 1955), the new Robert Bolt play "Flowering Cherry" (Haymarket, 1958, Broadway, 1959), "Toys in the Attic" (Piccadilly, 1960), "The Wings of the Dove" (Lyric, 1963), "A Measure of Cruelty" (Birmingham Repertory, 1965), "A Present for the Past" (Edinburgh, 1966), "The Sacred Flame" (Duke of York's, 1967) with Gladys Cooper, "The Battle of Shrivings" (Lyric, 1970) with John Gielgud and "Lies" (Albery, 1975).


title: Wendy Hiller

text: In 1957, Hiller returned to New York to star as Josie Hogan in Eugene O'Neill's "A Moon for the Misbegotten", a performance that gained her a Tony Award nomination as Best Dramatic Actress. The production also featured Cyril Cusack and Franchot Tone. Her final appearance on Broadway was as Miss Tina in the 1962 production of Michael Redgrave's adaptation of "The Aspern Papers" from the Henry James novella.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: As Hiller matured, she demonstrated a strong affinity for the plays of Henrik Ibsen, as Irene in "When We Dead Awaken" (Cambridge, 1968), as Mrs. Alving in "Ghosts" (Edinburgh, 1972), Ase in "Peer Gynt" (BBC, 1972) and as Gunhild in "John Gabriel Borkman" (National Theatre Company, Old Vic, 1975), in which she appeared with Ralph Richardson and Peggy Ashcroft. Later West End successes such as Queen Mary in "Crown Matrimonial" (Haymarket, 1972) proved that she was not limited to playing dejected, emotionally deprived women. She later revisited some earlier plays playing older characters, as in West End revivals of "Waters of the Moon" (Chichester, 1977, Haymarket, 1978) with Ingrid Bergman and "The Aspern Papers" (Haymarket, 1984) with Vanessa Redgrave. She was scheduled to return to the American stage in a 1982 revival of "Anastasia" with Natalie Wood, but Wood died just weeks before rehearsals. Hiller made her final West End performance in the title role in "Driving Miss Daisy" (Apollo, 1988).


title: Wendy Hiller

text: At Shaw's insistence, she starred as Eliza Doolittle in the film "Pygmalion" (1938) with Leslie Howard as Professor Higgins. This performance earned Hiller her first Oscar nomination, a first for a British actress in a British film, and became one of her best-remembered roles. She was also the first actress to utter the word "bloody" in a British film, when Eliza utters the line "Not bloody likely, I'm going in a taxi!"


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Hiller followed up this success with another Shaw adaptation, "Major Barbara" (1941) with Rex Harrison and Robert Morley. Powell and Pressburger signed her for "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp" (1943), but her second pregnancy forced her to bow out in favor of Deborah Kerr. Determined to work with Hiller, the filmmakers later cast her with Roger Livesey again for "I Know Where I'm Going!" (1945), another classic of British cinema.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Despite her early film success and offers from Hollywood, she returned to the stage full-time after 1945 and only occasionally accepted film roles. With her return to film in the 1950s, she portrayed an abused colonial wife in Carol Reed's "Outcast of the Islands" (1952), but had already transitioned into mature, supporting roles with "Sailor of the King" (1953) and as a memorable victim of the Mau Mau uprising in "Something of Value" (1957). She won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress in 1959 for the film "Separate Tables" (1958) as a lonely hotel manager and mistress of Burt Lancaster. She remained uncompromising in her indifference to film stardom, as evidenced by her surprising reaction to her Oscar win: "Never mind the honour, cold hard cash is what it means to me." She received a BAFTA nomination as Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of the domineering, possessive mother in "Sons and Lovers" (1960). She reprised her London stage role in the Southern Gothic "Toys in the Attic" (1963), which earned her a Golden Globe nomination as the elder spinster sister in a film that also stars Dean Martin and Geraldine Page.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Hiller received a third Oscar nomination for her performance as the simple, unrefined but dignified Lady Alice More, opposite Paul Scofield as Thomas More, in "A Man for All Seasons" (1966). Her role as the grand Russian princess in a great commercial success, "Murder on the Orient Express" (1974), won her international acclaim and the Evening Standard British Film Award as Best Actress. Other notable roles included a Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi Germany with her dying husband in "Voyage of the Damned" (1976), the formidable London Hospital matron in "The Elephant Man" (1980) and Maggie Smith's emotionally cold and demanding aunt in "The Lonely Passion of Judith Hearne" (1987).


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Hiller made numerous television appearances, in both Britain and the United States. In the 1950s and 1960s, she performed in episodes of American drama series such as "Studio One" and "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" among others. In 1965, she starred in an episode of the acclaimed dramatic series "Profiles in Courage" (1965), in which she played Anne Hutchinson, a free-thinking woman charged with heresy in Colonial America. In Britain during the 1960s, Hiller appeared in the drama series "Play of the Month", and in 1965 she appeared as a narrator in five episodes of the BBC children's television programme "Jackanory", reading the stories of Alison Uttley.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, she appeared in many television films including a memorable Duchess of York in the BBC Television Shakespeare production of "Richard II" (1978), the irascible Edwardian Oxford academic in "Miss Morrison's Ghosts" (1981) and the BBC dramatisations of Julian Gloag's "Only Yesterday" (1986) and the Vita Sackville-West novel "All Passion Spent" (1986), in which she was the quietly defiant Lady Slane. This performance earned her a BAFTA nomination as Best Actress. Her last appearance, before retiring from acting, was the title role in "The Countess Alice" (1992), a BBC/WGBH-Boston television film with Zoë Wanamaker.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: In the early 1940s, Hiller and husband Ronald Gow moved to Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, where they brought up two children, Ann (1939–2006) and Anthony (b. 1942), and lived together in the house called "Spindles" (now demolished). Ronald Gow died in 1993, but Hiller continued living at their home until her death a decade later. When not performing on stage or screen, she lived a completely private domestic life, insisting on being referred to as Mrs. Gow rather than by her stage name.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Regarded as one of Britain's great dramatic talents, she was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1971 and raised to Dame Commander (DBE) in 1975.


title: Wendy Hiller

text: In 1984 she was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Manchester. In 1996, Hiller was honoured by the London Film Critics Circle with the Dilys Powell Award for excellence in British film. Her style was disciplined and unpretentious, and she disliked personal publicity. The writer Sheridan Morley described Hiller as being remarkable in her "extreme untheatricality until the house lights went down, whereupon she would deliver a performance of breathtaking reality and expertise."


title: Wendy Hiller

text: Despite a busy professional career, throughout her life she continually took an active interest in aspiring young actors by supporting local amateur drama societies, as well as being the president of the Chiltern Shakespeare Company until her death. Chronic ill health necessitated her eventual retirement from acting in 1992. She spent the last decade of her life in quiet retirement at her home in Beaconsfield, where she died of natural causes at the age of 90.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: Michael Joshua Oliverius (born October 10, 1981) is an American former child actor better known by his stage name Michael Oliver.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: Oliver is best known for his role as "Junior" in the first two "Problem Child" movies. He also played Sam Dalton In "Dillinger and Capone" in 1995.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: Born in Los Angeles, California, Oliver's career started at the age of 2. His first job was as a model in a Sears catalog. At age 6, he appeared in a Chevron commercial where he wore glasses and had his voice dubbed over. After seeing Oliver in the Chevron commercial, a casting agent for the film "Problem Child" tracked Oliver down and cast him in the role days later.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: When "Problem Child" was released in 1990, Oliver's appearance reminded people of a young Ron Howard as "Opie Taylor" in the "Andy Griffith Show". It became a "surprise hit," spawned two sequels and an animated series. "Problem Child 2" followed in 1991; however, the script was considered not par with the original and repeatedly resorted to adult language, thus limiting the film's overall appeal.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: On a 2011 episode of the radio show "Loveline," Oliver called in while former co-star Gilbert Gottfried was guest hosting. On the 20th anniversary of both "Problem Child" and "Problem Child 2", it was the first time the two actors have spoken to each other since 1991.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: In 2015 it was reported that Oliver was happy with his private life away from the celebrity scene and had said he was enjoying "a nice, quiet existence" although he expressed he was grateful for the time he had spent in the spotlight as a child star.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: After completion of "Problem Child 2", Universal Pictures sued Oliver's manager-mother Dianne Ponce for extorting his acting contract with the studio. Universal Pictures alleged that, on the eve of filming, Ponce threatened to remove her son from production unless his payment for the film was raised from $80,000 to $500,000.


title: Michael Oliver (actor)

text: A Superior Court jury ruled that the contract was unenforceable, Universal Pictures having entered into it under duress, and that Ponce and Oliver were obliged to return the difference between the $250,000 Universal had thus far paid and the $80,000 originally negotiated.


title: Tsugumomo

text: Kazuya Kagami, an ordinary boy, finds his life turned upside down when his late mother's obi transforms into a girl wearing a kimono named Kiriha. She happens to be a Tsukumogami called a "tsugumomo," objects that have gained a soul through long years of harmony with their owners. Kazuya has no recollection of meeting Kiriha when she exclaims "Long time no see" to him. He nearly loses his life from an attacking "amasogi" that are premature spirits born only to fulfill impure wishes of certain people, and Kiriha defends him. With Kiriha's arrival, Kazuya enters a reality with gods and other Tsukumogami and slowly discovers his dark past.


title: Tsugumomo

text: "Tsugumomo" is written and illustrated by Yoshikazu Hamada, who began serializing the manga on November 20, 2007. The series was initially published in Futabasha's "Comic Seed!" web magazine, before being moved to their "WEB Comic High!" magazine on August 20, 2008. It later switched to the publisher's new "Monthly Action" magazine with the first issue on May 25, 2013.


title: Tsugumomo

text: The first volume of the series was one of the titles made available in English upon the launch of the digital manga publishing website JManga on August 17, 2011. The second volume was added on March 22, 2012. Those two volumes were the only ones published before the company shut down in May 2013.


title: Tsugumomo

text: An anime adaptation of the series was announced via a wraparound band on the 18th volume of the manga on September 12, 2016, and was later confirmed to be a television series. It premiered in April 2017. The anime television series is directed and had scripts written by Ryōichi Kuraya at studio Zero-G. Yasuharu Takanashi composed the music at Pony Canyon. The anime aired from April 3 to June 19, 2017 on Animax, Tokyo MX and BS11. The series ran for 12 episodes. Prior to its acquisition by Sony Pictures Television, Crunchyroll licensed the series and streamed it in North America, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, with Funimation (which was renamed itself to Crunchyroll in 2022) dubbed it and released it on home video in North America.


title: Tsugumomo

text: A 20-minute original video animation was also produced through crowdfunding. It was bundled with the manga's 24th volume released on January 22, 2020.


title: Tsugumomo

text: A second season titled "Tsugu Tsugumomo" aired from April 5 to June 21, 2020, with the staff and cast members reprising their roles.


title: Tsugumomo

text: The 7th volume of the series ranked at 22nd place on the Oricon manga sales chart, selling 19,102 copies; the 9th volume ranked at 29th place, with 23,470 copies sold; the 10th volume also ranked at 29th, with 24,454 copies sold; the 12th volume reached 16th place, with 22,500 copies sold; the 13th volume ranked at 24th place, with 22,551 copies sold; the 15th volume ranked at 42nd place, with 24,145 copies sold; the 17th volume reached 45th place, with 17,843 copies sold, and the 18th volume ranked at 44th place, with 19,563 copies sold.


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: Blow Up Your Video is the eleventh studio album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC. The album was re-released in 2003 as part of the "AC/DC Remasters" series.


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: Writing sessions for "Blow Up Your Video" took place in London's Nomis Studio in July 1987, with the band convening at Studio Miraval in Le Val in Provence in the south of France in August and September with Harry Vanda and George Young, the production team behind the band's early albums. This was also the final studio album to feature drummer Simon Wright.


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: In a 2008 "Rolling Stone" cover story, George Young admitted to David Fricke that the "Blow Up Your Video" session was when he realized his brother Malcolm, who had always been a heavy drinker, was in the grips of alcoholism: "I saw the signs. Malcolm had a problem. I said if he didn't get his act together, I was out of there. I don't recall it having any effect."


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: The band recorded 16 tracks during the sessions, including the unreleased songs "Let It Loose" and "Alright Tonight", as well as other versions of "Heatseeker", and "That's the Way I Wanna Rock 'n' Roll". Two additional songs, "Snake Eye" and "Borrowed Time", were recorded but not featured on the album. The song "Down on the Borderline" was recorded, but not released until 1990 as a B-side. All three of these songs were later included on "Backtracks" in 2009. Demo tracks for the songs "Let it Loose" and "Alright Tonight" were stolen and bootlegged, so they were omitted from the final album cut.


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: "Blow Up Your Video" is the last album to feature Brian Johnson as a lyricist/songwriter (all songs on subsequent albums were written by the Young brothers).


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: The title of the album was taken from a line in the song "That's The Way I Wanna Rock 'n' Roll". In 1988 Angus Young explained the title to MTV Australia: "We were probably a band that's best seen in a live situation and that's how the title came about... 'Cause everything's automatic these days. A kid can flick on the button on a TV, he's got a remote control and he can zoom through everything and get it coming in from all over the world. You can turn on your radio and get rock coming in from America. For us, the best thing as a band it was always we were great onstage."


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: The band began a world tour in Perth on 1 February, playing 16 dates in Australia for the first time in seven years. The band played live four tracks from "Blow Up Your Video" on the tour: "Heatseeker", "That's the Way I Wanna Rock 'n' Roll", "Nick of Time" and "Go Zone".


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: On the eve of the North American leg of the tour (a long stretch that would run from May to November), Malcolm Young decided not to participate in order to deal with a by-now problematic alcohol addiction. Unlike Angus, who had always been a teetotaller, Malcolm enjoyed drinking but in recent years it had escalated to the point where it began to affect performances. The band's former US agent Doug Thaler recalls seeing the band at one of the Monsters of Rock shows in 1984: "I'd gone into AC/DC's dressing room and had a scotch with Malcolm and Jonno [Brian Johnson] while Mötley Crüe played. When AC/DC went out to take the stage, Malcolm had clearly had too much to drink. And they were playing the song that Angus used to do his guitar solo and strip to, and Malcolm would just barely keep a steady rhythm—he couldn't even do that. And he fell into the drum kit, and I thought, 'Oh boy, this is not headed any place good.'"


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: By April 1988, Malcolm recognised he had a problem and, ever mindful of his former bandmate Bon Scott's premature passing (the previous AC/DC singer died of alcohol poisoning in London in 1980), he began attending AA meetings, confessing to VH1's "Behind the Music" in 2000, "My drinking overtook my whole thing. I felt like Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. I had a talk with Angus... I was letting people down... I wasn't brain-dead, but I was just physically and mentally screwed by the alcohol." Filling in for him was Malcolm and Angus' nephew, Stevie Young, although Malcolm was present on the rest of the tour and in the "Blow Up Your Video" promotional videos. Stevie would also step in for Malcolm in 2014 when it was disclosed that the guitarist was suffering from dementia.


title: Blow Up Your Video

text: After their last few albums underperformed commercially, this tour brought AC/DC back into the spotlight and their following album, "The Razors Edge", proved to be a greater commercial success.