title: President of Bolivia

text: Sucre oversaw the early developments of the country with the promulgation of the Political Constitution of 1826. Andrés de Santa Cruz oversaw the unification of Bolivia with Peru to become the Peru-Bolivian Confederation in 1836. His term as Supreme Protector of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation saw the height of the political power of Bolivia on the South American continent though it would ultimately end in failure and the separation of the two states. Manuel Isidoro Belzu was perhaps amongst the most populist Bolivian presidents, attempting to modernize the country through division of wealth. The dictatorship of Mariano Melgarejo saw brutal repression of opposition and Bolivia's indigenous population. Following the War of the Pacific, Aniceto Arce and Ismael Montes would respectivaley become influential leaders in the Conservative and Liberal eras. Víctor Paz Estenssoro led the 1952 National Revolution and founded the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR) which heavily influenced Bolivian politics in the second half of the 20th century.


title: President of Bolivia

text: Evo Morales is described as the first indigenous president of Bolivia in academic studies of his presidency, such as those of Muñoz-Pogossian, Webber, Philip and Panizza, and Farthing and Kohl, as well as in press reports, such as those of BBC News. However, there have been challenges to this claim by critics who have asserted that Morales probably has some European ancestry, and thus on genetic grounds is technically "mestizo" rather than solely indigenous. Further, former president Enrique Peñaranda was of substantially indigenous origin while Andrés de Santa Cruz, was of Aymara and Inca lineage. Harten asserted that this argument was "misguided[,] wrong[... and] above all irrelevant" because regardless of his genetic makeup, the majority of Bolivians perceive Morales as being the first indigenous president. In Bolivian society, indigeneity is a fluid concept rooted in cultural identity; for instance, many indigenous individuals that have settled in urban areas and abandoned their traditional rural customs have come to identify as "mestizo".


title: President of Bolivia

text: Two women have served as presidents of the country. Lidia Gueiler Tejada became the first female president of Bolivia (second in the history of the Americas) on 16 November 1979 following a brief coup by Alberto Natusch. Jeanine Añez was the second and most recent female president from 12 November 2019 to 8 November 2020. Both women came to power in similar ways, taking office on an interim basis as members of Congress. As of yet, however, no woman has been elected president by popular vote in Bolivian history.


title: Exmilitary

text: Exmilitary, also known as Ex Military, is the debut mixtape by experimental hip hop group Death Grips. It was released for free on April 25, 2011, through the band's website.


title: Exmilitary

text: The mixtape was released for free on April 25, 2011, through the group's official website, thirdworlds.net, and later appeared on the net label Grindcore Karaoke. It was simultaneously released through iTunes. The track "Guillotine" was released through iTunes on August 3, 2011. "Guillotine" has become one of the band's most recognized songs, with more than fourteen million YouTube views on their music video as of October 28, 2022. Other tracks released as music videos include "Known for it", "Culture Shock", "Lord of the Game", "Spread Eagle Cross the Block", "Takyon (Death Yon)", and "Beware". According to Andy Morin, the cover art "[is a] photograph that one of our members carried in their wallet for roughly 10 years straight. It’s a power object." The photo was eventually identified as "Bearded Man at Oenpelli", taken by Douglass Baglin in 1968, for The Dark Australians book.


title: Exmilitary

text: The mixtape was later released exclusively through the band's website in vinyl, compact disc and cassette formats.


title: Exmilitary

text: The mixtape has received universal acclaim from critics. On Metacritic it has a score of 82 out of 100 based on reviews from 7 critics.


title: Exmilitary

text: In one very positive review, John Calvert of "Drowned in Sound" focused on the mentality of the character that the album revolves around and how it reflects the inner nature of man, citing the lyricism and sound production as being focal points around this sound and style. Nate Patrin of "Pitchfork" gave "Exmilitary" a 7.5, describing the mixtape as "a bludgeoning slab of hostility" that avoids being an "overbearing mess".


title: Exmilitary

text: On September 8, 2011, the group released a teaser video for an upcoming project titled "Black Google". It was later released on the band's website for free and revealed to be all of the instrumentals, stems, and acapellas for fans to remix and record with. The cover of Black Google features a heavily darkened version of the cover of Exmilitary with the word "Exmilitary" replaced with "Black Google". Black Google, for the band itself, is a "portal to the deconstruction of Exmilitary."


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol ( ) is a city in Sonoma County, in California with a recorded population of 7,521, per the 2020 U.S. Census.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol was once primarily a plum and apple-growing region. Today, wine grapes are the predominant agriculture crop, and nearly all lands once used for orchards are now vineyards. The creation of The Barlow, a $23.5 million strip mall on a floodplain at the edge of town, converting old agriculture warehouses into a trendy marketplace for fine dining, tasting rooms, and art, has made Sebastopol a popular Wine Country destination.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Famous horticulturist Luther Burbank had gardens in this region. The city hosts an annual Apple Blossom Festival in April and is home to the Sebastopol Documentary Film Festival.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The area's first known inhabitants were the native Coast Miwok and Pomo peoples. The town currently sits atop multiple village sites. The town of Sebastopol formed in the 1850s with a U.S. Post Office and as a small trade center for the farmers of the surrounding agricultural region. As California's population swelled after the westward migration and the California Gold Rush of 1848–1855, more and more settlers drifted into the fertile California valleys north of San Francisco to try their hand at farming.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: There is some debate as to how the name "Sebastopol" came into use in Sonoma County. At one time, four other California towns were also named Sebastopol:


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The town in Sonoma County originally had the name Pinegrove; the name change (according to rumor) had something to do with a bar fight in the late 1850s, which was compared by a bystander to the long British siege of the seaport of Sevastopol (1854–1855) during the Crimean War of 1853–1856. The original name survives in the name of the Pine Grove General Store downtown.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol became known as the "Gravenstein Apple Capital of the World". The apple industry brought a steady rural prosperity to the town. In 1890 the San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad connected Sebastopol to the national rail network. The town was incorporated in 1902, with schools, churches, hotels, canneries, mills, wineries, and an opera house to its credit. The 1906 earthquake reduced most of these early buildings to rubble (Sebastopol is only seven miles from the city of Santa Rosa, the worst-hit town in the 1906 earthquake), but as elsewhere in the county, the town was rebuilt.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: In the second half of the 20th century, the apple industry struggled to compete with other apple-producing regions and gradually declined in economic significance. With greater personal mobility and the rise of larger shopping centers in other Sonoma County communities, many residents now often commute to work and shop in the neighboring towns of Rohnert Park or Santa Rosa, while Sebastopol maintains its small-town charm.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: It is often incorrectly claimed that Sebastopol was the last town in Northern California to have working railroad trains on Main Street. The tracks were removed in the late 1980s. Passenger service had ceased in the 1930s, and regular freight service ended in the late 1970s. This was documented by Analy High School students in a 1979 video "Our Train Down Main: a History of the Petaluma and Santa Rosa Railroad". The canneries and apple-processing plant are gone from downtown, and vineyards and housing developments have replaced many apple orchards, reducing the demand for freight service.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: It is often also incorrectly stated that the tracks were removed in the 1990s when the downtown area was redesigned with two one-way streets to enhance traffic along Gravenstein Highway (Route 116). Main Street and Petaluma Avenue were actually designated one-way streets in 1985 in an attempt to deal with the town's perennial traffic problem. the old train station houses the Western County Museum.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol's elevation is above sea level. Its downtown is at the intersection of State Route 12 and State Route 116 (Gravenstein Highway), approximately west of U.S. Route 101.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol is situated on the edge of the Laguna de Santa Rosa, which is fed by Santa Rosa Creek and other tributaries, including three minor tributaries within the city limits – Zimpher Creek, Calder Creek and Witter Creek. The Laguna is a wetland area that is home to many species of wildlife and vegetation and divides the town from neighboring Santa Rosa. Nearly every winter the Laguna floods, cutting off State Route 12, and often flooding the low-lying businesses and homes on the eastern side of Sebastopol. The Pitkin Marsh lily and White sedge are two rare species of plants that are found in the vicinity of Sebastopol.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The 2020 United States Census reported that Sebastopol had a population of 7,521. The population density was . The racial makeup of Sebastopol was 80.8% White (74.9% White, not Hispanic or Latino), 3.8% Asian, 1.7% African American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.0% Native American and 7.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.7%.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The 2010 United States Census reported that Sebastopol had a population of 7,379. The population density was . The racial makeup of Sebastopol was 6,509 (88.2%) White, 72 (1.0%) African American, 60 (0.8%) Native American, 120 (1.6%) Asian, 19 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 298 (4.0%) from other races, and 301 (4.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 885 persons (12.0%).


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The Census reported that 98.3% of the population lived in households and 1.7% were institutionalized.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: There were 3,276 households, out of which 902 (27.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,220 (37.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 478 (14.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 156 (4.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 206 (6.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 52 (1.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,132 households (34.6%) were made up of individuals, and 498 (15.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21. There were 1,854 families (56.6% of all households); the average family size was 2.82.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The population was spread out, with 1,515 people (20.5%) under the age of 18, 471 people (6.4%) aged 18 to 24, 1,587 people (21.5%) aged 25 to 44, 2,525 people (34.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,281 people (17.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.7 males.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: There were 3,465 housing units, with an average density of , of which 52.9% were owner-occupied and 47.1% were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.2%. 53.7% of the population lived in owner-occupied housing units and 44.5% lived in rental housing units.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The median income for a household in the city was $60,322 (+29.9% from 2000), and the median income for a family was $74,020 (+32.7% from 2000). The median per capita income for the city was $29,470 (+28.8% from 2000). For comparison, statewide California median per capita income in the 2010 Census was $27,885 (+22.8% from 2000).


title: Sebastopol, California

text: As of the census of 2000, there were 7,774 people, 3,250 households, and 1,953 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,139/sq mi (1,597/km). There were 3,321 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 89.85% White, 0.66% African American, 0.78% Native American, 1.52% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 3.86% from other races, and 3.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.26% of the population.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: There were 3,250 households, out of which 31.8% included children under the age of 18 in the house, 41.5% were married couples living together, 14.2% were led by a female householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were other living arrangements. 31.8% of all households were made up of a single individual and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.95.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: For the most part the population is spread out across the age groups, although the young adult population is drastically lower than the other groups, indicating that most young people leave, at least temporarily. The reasons for this are probably a combination of the high cost of living and the lack of other young adults.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The percent distribution on the 2000 census by age was as follows: 23.6% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: For every 100 females, there were 81.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.3 males.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The median income for a household in the city was $46,436, and the median income for a family was $55,792. Males had a median income of $40,538 versus $32,399 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,881. About 4.7% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The city council consists of five members, each serving four-year terms. The city's laws are enforced by the Sebastopol Police Department.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: City council races are not partisan, so each member does not officially represent any party, however since 2000 there has been a decent amount of attention given to the individual party membership of city council members in Sebastopol. This happened because in 2000, with the election of Craig Litwin and Sam Spooner to the city council, the town had a Green Party majority—or would have, if city council races were partisan. This was only the second time this had ever happened in California, the first being the town of Arcata, California in 1996.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol tends to support environmental policies: Earlier, in 1986, the residents approved an initiative declaring Sebastopol a "Nuclear Free Zone", The town does not use pesticides in city landscaping, and several years back, when the police needed a new vehicle, the city council voted to purchase a hybrid instead of a standard police car.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Current issues facing the city include a high cost of living and ongoing difficulties with traffic (the town has two highways going through downtown).


title: Sebastopol, California

text: A former Mayor, Robert Jacob, who was selected by the city council in December 2013, was the owner of two medical marijuana dispensaries in Sonoma Count. He was reported to be the first American mayor to be involved in the industry.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: In the California State Legislature, Sebastopol is in , and California's 2nd State Senate district, represented by Mike McGuire.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, Sebastopol has 5,285 registered voters. Of those, 3,346 (63.3%) are registered Democrats, 518 (9.8%) are registered Republicans, and 1,137 (21.5%) have declined to state a political party.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: The Sebastopol Police Department serves the city. It currently employs 31 sworn and non sworn personnel, and 25 volunteers. The department was founded in the early 1900s. The divisions of the department are administration, watch commanders, patrol officers, dispatchers, reserve officers, community service volunteers and explorers. The population can grow up to 50,000 during special events, such as Apple Blossom Parade.


title: Sebastopol, California

text: Sebastopol Charter, a K-8 public charter school, had the highest percentage (58%) of kindergarten students with medical exemptions to vaccines in California as of the summer of 2018.


title: Peter Max

text: Peter Max (born Peter Max Finkelstein, October 19, 1937) is a German-American artist known for using bright colors in his work. Works by Max are associated with the visual arts and culture of the 1960s, particularly psychedelic art and pop art.


title: Peter Max

text: Peter Max was born in Berlin, the son of German Jews Salla and Jakob. They fled Berlin in 1938, settling in Shanghai, China, where they lived for the next ten years. Peter's time in Shanghai influenced much of his later work. He loved the colours and the "calligraphic ballet" that he witnessed daily at the Buddhist temple across the street from the family villa.


title: Peter Max

text: In 1948, the family moved to Haifa, Israel, where they lived for several years. Peter attended school in Mount Carmel, but was often drawing instead of taking notes. His principal suggested to his parents that he be put in art lessons after school, and he began to study under Professor Hünik, a Viennese Expressionist.


title: Peter Max

text: From Israel, the family continued moving westward and stopped in Paris for several months—an experience that Max said greatly influenced his appreciation for art. In their short time in Paris, Max's mother enrolled him in drawing classes at the Louvre, where he began to study Fauvism. After nine months in Paris, Max and his family made their final move, settling in Brooklyn, New York, USA.


title: Peter Max

text: Max and his parents first settled in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, in 1953 where he attended Lafayette High School, classmates with future actor Paul Sorvino. In 1956, Max began his formal art training at the Art Students League of New York in Manhattan, studying anatomy, figure drawing and composition under Frank J. Reilly who had studied at the League alongside Norman Rockwell.


title: Peter Max

text: In 1962, Max started a small Manhattan arts studio known as "The Daly & Max Studio," with friend Tom Daly. Daly and Max were joined by friend and mentor Don Rubbo, and the three worked as a group on books and advertising for which they received industry recognition. Much of their work incorporated antique photographic images as elements of collage. Max's interest in astronomy contributed to his self-described "Cosmic '60s" period, which featured psychedelic, counter culture imagery.


title: Peter Max

text: In 1967, Max solidified his place as a counter-cultural icon by designing the flyers for the second ever 'Be In', a political gathering of mainly hippies in New York's Central Park after the Easter parade on March 26, 1967.


title: Peter Max

text: Max appeared on "The Tonight Show" on August 15, 1968. He was featured on the cover of "Life" magazine's September 5, 1969 edition under the heading "Peter Max: Portrait of the artist as a very rich man."


title: Peter Max

text: In 1970, many of Max's products and posters were featured in the exhibition "The World of Peter Max," which opened at the M.H. de Young Memorial Museum in San Francisco. The United States Postal Service commissioned Max to create the 10-cent postage stamp to commemorate the Expo '74 World's Fair in Spokane, Washington, and Max drew a colorful psychedelic scene with a "Cosmic Jumper" and a "Smiling Sage" against a backdrop of a cloud, sun rays and a ship at sea on the theme of "Preserve the Environment." According to "The New York Times", "His DayGlo-inflected posters became wallpaper for the turn on, tune in, drop out generation."


title: Peter Max

text: On July 4, 1976, Max began his Statue of Liberty series leading to his efforts with Chrysler CEO Lee Iacocca to help in the restoration of the statue. Also that year, "Peter Max Paints America" was commissioned by the ASEA of Sweden. The book project commemorated the United States Bicentennial and included the following foreword: "Peter Max Paints America is based on works of art commissioned by ASEA of Sweden on the 200th anniversary of the founding of the United States of America, in sincere recognition of the historic bonds of friendship between the people of Sweden and the people of the United States, recalling that Sweden was one of the first countries to extend its hand in friendship to the new nation." Max had also been commissioned to design bilingual welcome signs for the US borders, and they were set to be unveiled in 1976; the signs, however, did not go up. Max's stylized signs were considered 'too psychedelic' – which to the then-government meant that they encouraged drug use. Despite Max's objections to these accusations, the signs remained in storage until 1977, when the administration change brought a change in attitude. The signs remained in place until 1984, when they were replaced by 'more conventional signage.'


title: Peter Max

text: In 1989, Max designed the cover photo—as well as the 45 rpm single picture-sleeve photo—of Aretha Franklin's "Through the Storm" album. In that same year, Max painted 40 colourful portraits of Mikhail Gorbachev to celebrate his policy of glasnost and efforts to democratize the Soviet Union. The work was entitled "40 Gorbys."


title: Peter Max

text: In 1990, Max purchased a collection of Chevrolet Corvettes for an intended art project, but never used them. They were auctioned off in 2020–2021 and the profits were donated to benefit veterans.


title: Peter Max

text: Also in 1990, Max was awarded the rights to a massive section of the Berlin Wall, which was installed on the battleship "Intrepid". He chiseled a dove out of the wall and placed it on top, as a symbol of freedom.


title: Peter Max

text: In 1994, Max designed the artwork for progressive rock band Yes's fourteenth studio album, "Talk". In 2012, he was chosen to paint the hull art of the New York themed ship Norwegian Breakaway by Norwegian Cruise Line.


title: Peter Max

text: Max has been the official artist for many major events, including the 1994 World Cup, the Grammy Awards, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Super Bowl and others. In 2000, Max designed the paint scheme Dale Earnhardt drove at the Winston all-star race, deviating from Earnhardt's trademark black car. He was also the Official Artist of the 2000 World Series, the "Subway Series" between the New York Yankees and the New York Mets.


title: Peter Max

text: Max first painted Taylor Swift's portrait as a gift to the singer for her Grammy-winning albums "Fearless" and "Speak Now", and has recently painted new portraits of Taylor Swift to commemorate her worldwide success.


title: Peter Max

text: In 2019, "The New York Times" published an investigative journalism piece on Max's current state, revealing that he is suffering from advanced dementia, that he is now often unaware of his identity and his surroundings, and that his deteriorated mental state has been exploited in a massive art fraud scheme dating back to at least 2015.


title: Peter Max

text: Max's art work was first associated with the counter culture, neo-expressionism, neo-fauvism, and psychedelic movements in graphic design during the late 1960s and early 1970s. He is known for using bursts of color, often containing much or all of the visible spectrum. In 1970, Max published his first book, "Poster Book", containing a collection of his artworks in the form of posters, including a portrait of Toulouse Lautrec using his signature printing style, a poster for Apollo 11, and a portrait of Bob Dylan. The book was such a success that Max quickly released a follow-up in 1971 called "Superposter Book". This edition contained posters from his commercial portfolio, posters about peace and love, and important images from his life and history. Max's repeated claims, varying in detail, to have worked on "Yellow Submarine" have been denied by the production team.


title: Peter Max

text: Max works in multiple media including painting, drawing, etchings (including aquatint), collage, print making, sculpture, video and digital imagery. He also includes "mass media" as being another "canvas" for his creative expression. He has collaborated with companies to create clothing, homewares, clocks, and other material goods.


title: Peter Max

text: Max often uses American icons and symbols in his artwork. He has created paintings of presidents Kennedy, Ford, Carter, Reagan, and Bush in addition to his "100 Clintons"—a multiple portrait installation. Additional commissions have included the creation of the first "Preserve the Environment" postage stamp, in honor of the World's Fair in Spokane, Washington; border murals at entry points to the United States from Canada and Mexico; and exhibitions in over 40 museums and 50 galleries worldwide. He often features images of celebrities, politicians, athletes and sporting events and other pop culture subjects in his artwork.


title: Peter Max

text: One of Continental Airlines' Boeing 777-200ER aircraft (registered N77014) sported a livery designed by Max. His artwork was featured on CBS's "The Early Show" where his "44 Obamas," commemorating Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was debuted. In 2013, HarperCollins published a book of the artist's memoirs and thoughts called "The Universe of Peter Max". In it, he relates stories of his life as well as descriptions and thoughts surrounding of some of his artwork.


title: Peter Max

text: In 1997, Max was indicted by a grand jury in United States District Court for federal income tax evasion and pled guilty in the Southern District of New York before the honorable Senior United States District Judge, Kimba Wood of defrauding the Internal Revenue Service by having concealed $1,100,000 in income. The New York Times wrote, “A Federal grand jury in Manhattan also indicted Mr. Max, 58, on charges that he bartered his paintings as part payment for homes in Woodstock, N.Y., and Southampton, L.I., and in St. John in the United States Virgin Islands. The indictment says he failed to declare the "sale" of those paintings on his income tax returns. After learning he was under criminal investigation in November 1990, the indictment charges, Mr. Max and his accountant, Rubin Gorewitz, 71, tried to conceal income from the I.R.S. by faking sales receipts for the art that had been traded for real estate.” In exchange for his plea bargain Max received a felony conviction and was sentenced to a term of two months of incarceration in a prison operated by Federal Bureau of Prisons overseen by the United States Department of Justice.


title: Peter Max

text: In 2019 the estate of Louis Gottlieb filed a civil lawsuit in New York Supreme Court against Peter Max, and the estate of Peter Max’s late wife, Mary Max. The suit alleged that Peter and Mary Max had embezzled $4,600,000 from the $11,000,000 Gottlieb trust while the trust’s grantor, Louis Gottlieb was suffering from dementia. The suit further alleged that Peter and Mary Max had squandered the ill-gotten gains on luxury goods. According to the New York Post, “They used much of the cash to splurge on bling, including a Cartier bracelet, earrings and a ring collectively worth $1.485 million; $1.3 million in jewelry from Bhagat; a Verdura ring costing $58,500; and $47,000 Van Cleef & Arpels earrings, among dozens of other pricey purchases, according to Lou’s daughter, who is seeking to recoup the cash.” The Gottlieb estate sought to recover a portion of the alleged ill-gotten proceeds from Peter Max following Mary Max’s suicide when Peter Max attempted to liquidate the luxury goods at Doyle New York.


title: Peter Max

text: Max married his first wife Elizabeth Ann Nance in 1963 and they divorced in 1976. Max had a nine-year-long relationship with musician and model Rosie Vela that ended in 1985. He was also romantically connected with Tina Louise. Max married Mary Balkin in 1997; she died by suicide (nitrogen asphyxiation) in June 2019.


title: Peter Max

text: Max is an environmentalist, vegan and supporter of human and animal rights. In 2002, Max contributed to rescue efforts for Cincinnati Freedom, a cow that escaped from an Ohio slaughterhouse. The cow jumped over a six-foot fence while the slaughterhouse workers were on break and eluded capture for eleven days. Max donated $180,000 worth of his art to benefit the local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, part of a chain of events that finally led to the cow being sent to Farm Sanctuary in Watkins Glen, New York, a permanent home where the cow remained for the rest of her life.


title: Peter Max

text: Max lives in New York City and has two adult children, Adam Cosmo Max and Libra Astro Max. Max has developed advanced dementia, largely the result of Alzheimer's disease. There is controversy concerning the guardianship Max is presently under. His daughter is working to revise the guardianship.


title: Soul for Real

text: Soul for Real (also known as Soul 4 Real and Soul IV Real) is a Trinidadian-American R&B group from Wyandanch, New York, currently living in Atlanta, Georgia made up of brothers Christopher Sherman Dalyrimple a.k.a. Choc (born April 30, 1971), Andre "Dre" Lamont Dalyrimple a.k.a. KD now (born April 4, 1974), Brian "Bri" Augustus Dalyrimple (born December 14, 1975), and Jason "Jase, Jase4Real" Oliver Dalyrimple a.k.a. Jase4Real (born May 10, 1980).


title: Soul for Real

text: The group were best known in the mid-1990s for their gold-certified hit songs "Candy Rain" and "Every Little Thing I Do" and minor R&B hit "If You Want It" from their platinum-selling debut album "Candy Rain".


title: Soul for Real

text: Formed in 1992, Soul for Real signed with Uptown Records and released their debut album "Candy Rain" on March 28, 1995. Produced by Heavy D, "Candy Rain"'s first single was the album's title track. The song hit No. 1 on the "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and peaked at No. 2 on the Hot 100 chart. Their second single, "Every Little Thing I Do", reached No. 11 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and No. 17 on the Hot 100 chart. A third single, "If You Want It" reached No. 53 on the R&B charts.


title: Soul for Real

text: After touring and the success of their debut album, the group quickly began working on their sophomore album. Soul for Real's second album, "For Life", was produced by Sean Combs and released on September 24, 1996. The album peaked at No. 29 on the Billboard R&B chart and No. 119 on the "Billboard" 200. It was led by the single "Never Felt This Way" which did not gain much airplay. However, the album's second single "Love You So" did much better, peaking at No. 64 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs in 1997.


title: Soul for Real

text: Staying under Heavy D's tutelage, the group moved to independent label Chrome Dome Records for their third album, "Heat". After a distribution deal with Tommy Boy Music fell through, Warlock Records took over distribution and released the album on May 18, 1999. The album failed to chart and produced one single, "Can't Wait".


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2007, Soul For Real began to work on their fourth studio album tentatively entitled "The Unknown". The first single "One Man" (featuring Jadakiss) was released later that year.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2009, Brian Dalyrimple was indicted on 145 counts of aggravated identity (mortgage) fraud, none of his brothers were involved. Following Brian's arrest, the other three brothers, KD (Andre), Jason "Jase" Oliver and Choc (Chris) remained as members of the group and continued on as Soul For Real.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2012, they announced that they were in the studio working on their fourth studio album, and have revealed the album title to be "The Evolution: Journey". They released a new single titled "Can't Leave U Alone". That same year, the youngest member Jase, went by the name of Jase4Real as a solo artist.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2016, Soul For Real released a new single "Love Again" and Jase released a solo single titled "If You Feelin' Like Me (IYFLM)" with a video available on his YouTube channel. The following year, the group released the official video for "Love Again" and premiered it on their VEVO channel. In that same year, Jase4Real also released his third solo effort "If You Feel Like Me: The Mixtape."


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2020, Soul for Real issued their first single in 4 years, "Love on Me" shortly after, Jase as well released a new single titled "Due Better"


title: Soul for Real

text: In November 2021, Soul for Real released a music video for their new single titled "After The Rain", the song is in tribute to their mother who passed away within the past year, and you can see pictured on the single’s cover art. In December of that same year, "After The Rain" was released on all digital platforms.


title: Soul for Real

text: In February 2022, Soul for Real announced on social media they will appear on TV One's Unsung scheduled to air in March. The episode aired on March 6, 2022.


title: Soul for Real

text: Jason, better known as Jase is the lead singer of Soul for Real. He is best known for singing lead on "Candy Rain"; the group's biggest hit to date off the album of the same name.


title: Soul for Real

text: Now all grown up, he went on to pursue a solo career, releasing three solo albums. Jase's albums are described as having a clever, hood-sexy sound with lyrics that are ultimately about love and life; it's a true display of mature urban music with crossover appeal.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2017 Jase remade Soul for Real’s song “Every Little Thing” and put it on his mixtape “If you feelin’ like me” the mixtape. Including covers of India.Arie and others, as well as new singles.


title: Soul for Real

text: Summer 2022, Jason Oliver filmed and released the single “Toast” on his YouTube channel produced by Wudgrain Musik.


title: Soul for Real

text: In September 2022, Jase4real now known as Jason Oliver, announced that his creation of The Jason Oliver Experience band would now start booking across the globe. His first show held in Atlanta, GA in October. He re-released his album 9s on all streaming platforms and returned to the studio, working on his solo projects at MMD Studio.


title: Soul for Real

text: Other than music, Jase established his own independent production company, Jasemakermusic LLC., based in Atlanta, Ga. In addition, he also started his own label: BEA Music Ent., on which he will release his future projects and collaborate with other upcoming artists.


title: Soul for Real

text: Choc is best known for singing lead on "Every Little Thing I Do" the group's second hit off their ""Candy Rain"" album.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2001, Choc pursued a solo career and released a debut single "Crazy" which failed to achieve any level of success. Later in 2001, he released yet another single, "Make My Move" which had the same result as the debut single of the unreleased album "Choc A Lot". This disappointment made Choc delayed music and he began to focus on his personal life.


title: Soul for Real

text: In 2017, in an effort to make a comeback, Choc-boy released a new single entitled "Want U2 Know", later in the year, Choc4Real released "American Girl" as his second single


title: Soul for Real

text: In the early 2000s Andre ('Dre) ran an independent production company: Uncle Dre Day Embroideries LLC. On his MySpace, he released some solo music under his alter ego Uncle Dre.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: Richard D. James Album is the eponymous fourth studio album by British electronic musician Richard D. James, under his pseudonym Aphex Twin. In the United Kingdom, the album was released on 4 November 1996 through Warp. In the United States, it was released on 28 January 1997 by Sire Records, with the "Girl/Boy" EP included as bonus tracks. A reissue on vinyl was released on 18 September 2012.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: "Richard D. James Album" was composed by James on his Macintosh computer, and took longer to complete than his previous efforts. The album features faster breakbeats and intricate drum programming which draw influence from jungle and drum and bass, combined with lush string arrangements, unstable time signatures, and slow ambient melodies reminiscent of James' earlier work, as well as modulated vocals by James.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: "Richard D. James Album" was less successful in the United Kingdom than James' two previous albums "Selected Ambient Works Volume II" (1994) and "...I Care Because You Do" (1995). However, the album still charted in the UK, peaking at number 62 on the UK Albums Chart for one week. It also peaked at number 20 in the US Top Heatseekers list, becoming James' first to do so. The album received acclaim from music critics, and "NME" listed it as the 20th best album of the year.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: In 1995, Richard James released the two "Hangable Auto Bulb" EPs under his AFX moniker, experimenting with exaggerated rhythms inspired by drum and bass in a style that came to be called "drill 'n' bass". In the following year, James released the Aphex Twin EP "Girl/Boy". This faster style of drum programming was inspired by James' friend Luke Vibert, who recorded in this style as Plug. James stated that while he worked with triplets and complicated beats in the past, that Vibert "got me into doing it a faster pace. He gave me the spark to do it faster, but now I'm trying to take it to all extremes". James also noted the influence of his friend Tom Jenkinson (aka Squarepusher). He had said Jenkinson and Vibert were the "only two people around who are [musically] consistent enough for me".


title: Richard D. James Album

text: James has stated that most of the album was composed on his Macintosh computer and that the album took longer to create than any of his previous albums. Describing his approach to drum programming, he stated that "sometimes I just hit the keyboard in a way I'd like the rhythm of the tracks to sound. Then I'll spend four hours moving all the notes where I want them to go." Some tracks on the album include James' vocals modulated on a computer; in "To Cure a Weakling Child", James manipulated his voice to sound like a child giving a lecture about arms and legs. For the orchestral arrangements on the album, James bought a violin at a car boot sale. He taught himself to play a note from the instrument by placing it on a table, playing a note and sampling it for the album. Two of the tracks, "Fingerbib" and "Logan Rock Witch", had previously been intended for another album James had been working on around the same period, entitled "Melodies from Mars", which remains officially unreleased.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: The cover art for "Richard D. James Album" is credited to both James and Johnny Clayton. Clayton did not accept credit for the album's cover, stating that he taught James how to use Photoshop and "he started playing around with his own self-image. That's what led to that cover."


title: Richard D. James Album

text: "Richard D. James Album" is a work of electronica that has been characterised as James's "swan dive into jungle and drill'n'bass" by "Vice", and labeled as a work of IDM by "Pitchfork", working with jungle, drum and bass and ambient and acid techno in some tracks. "PopMatters" noted that '[w]hat makes "Richard D. James Album" stand out among James’ previous works is the synthesis of delicate, symphonic sounds and hard, jackhammering beats," noting that the album consolidated his 1995 entry into the short-lived drill 'n' bass subgenre. James has claimed the influence of jungle music came from "any of the drum 'n' bass and breakbeat artists" and that he has "always been into nicking other things [...] and making something different". "Stereogum" noted the album heavily relies on drum programming, sampling, and "other digital intricacies that would've been otherwise unthinkable without computers". It also features lush string arrangements and simple keyboard textures built over quadruple time breakbeats and unstable time signatures. Steve Taylor found the record Aphex Twin's "most terrifying" one, with "weird stop-start beats, white noise and tough melodies."


title: Richard D. James Album

text: John Bush of AllMusic noted that the album continued James's "forays into acid-jungle and experimental music," noting that the album was "more extreme than virtually all jungle being made at the time", with beats layered over slower melodies that characterised James' earlier ambient works. "Pitchfork" opined that the album was one of the "aggressive combinations of disparate electronic forms", with "almost-brutal contrast between its elements". "Exclaim!" commented that tracks such as "Girl/Boy Song", "Yellow Calx", and "Peek 824545201" were "loosely based on jungle". "Spin" linked the album's use of vocals, both sung and sampled, its cover artwork and title, stating that ""Richard D. James" might be the first electronica LP that not only gropes for narrative but also aspired to an abstract sort of autobiography."


title: Richard D. James Album

text: In the United Kingdom, "Richard D. James Album" was released by Warp on 4 November 1996. The album charted on the UK Albums Chart in the week ending 16 November 1996 for one week, where it peaked at number 62. In the UK, it was less successful than his two previous albums. The American version included the "Girl/Boy EP" as bonus tracks. It was released on 28 January 1997 by Sire Records. The album was released on compact disc, cassette and gramophone record; early copies of the album were distributed with a plastic sachet containing James' hair. Along with "...I Care Because You Do" (1995), "Richard D. James Album" was reissued on vinyl on 18 September 2012 by record label 1972. Warp announced their own re-issue of the album on 180-gram vinyl for 8 October 2012.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: In the United Kingdom, "The Independent" gave the album a positive review, stating that "The intuitive sense of melody [James] has been striving so hard to suppress over the last few years has come to the fore too, and the result is the most magical pop record of the year: the year in question being AD 2001". In North America, "Pitchfork" gave the album an 8.4 out of ten rating, stating that "The "Richard D. James Album" is 43.5 minutes of pure electronic genius" and "just when your brain starts to comprehend a rhythmic pattern, the beat shifts, turns left and crushes your torso under the steering wheel." "Rolling Stone" gave the album three-and-a-half stars out of five, commenting that "Aphex Twin coaxes great emotional resonance from his machines" and combines "jolting beats, pristine melodic fragments and random noises into elegant – if at times unnerving – futuristic pop". However, he also commented that "not all of "Richard D. James" goes down easy". Marc Widenbaum of "The Pulse" called the album, "quite simply, the strongest art-pop record to appear since Laurie Anderson's "Mr. Heartbreak"", defined by a "series of lovely tunes atop a decisive, rhythmically fascinating girding of rapid-fire, turn-on-a-dime percussion." "Entertainment Weekly" awarded the album an A−, calling it James' "quirkiest, most personal work" and said that "4" and "Girl/Boy Song" revealed "a new warmth and wistfulness." "The Washington Post" gave the album a negative review, referring to the music as "sloppy offhand", "a noisy mess" and sounding "like a private joke".


title: Richard D. James Album

text: "NME" placed the album at number 20 on their list of the best albums of 1996. "The Wire" also listed the album among their top 50 albums of the year for 1996. In 2003, "Pitchfork" listed their top albums of the 1990s, with "Richard D. James Album" ranking at 40. "Pitchfork" stated that "RDJ" is not "easily dated by [its] technology", and doesn't "sound stale compared to modern variations." "Slant Magazine" placed the album at number 91 on their list of the top 100 albums of the 1990s, describing it as "more fascinated by textures than almost any other electronic album ever crafted". In 2015, "Spin" placed the album at number 71 on their list of the best albums of the past 30 years. In the same year, "Exclaim!" listed "Richard D. James Album" on their list of Essential Richard D. James albums. The review opined that the album was "not necessarily a release that you immediately fall in love with", but that it was "endlessly rewarding". "Evening Standard" named it among "the most influential electronica albums of the past 20 years."


title: Richard D. James Album

text: The album was placed in numerous end-of-decade lists. According to Acclaimed Music, a site which uses statistics to numerically represent reception among critics, "Richard D. James Album" is the 766th most celebrated album of all time, as of 2017. It is also James' second most acclaimed album, behind "Selected Ambient Works 85–92" (1992). In 2019, "Reverb" called the album "perhaps the best-known IDM release of all time" and a "highwater mark" for the genre.


title: Richard D. James Album

text: Songs from the album were used on several different television ads. "To Cure a Weakling Child" was used in a high-profile UK TV advertising campaign for mobile phone company Orange. The song "4" was used in a US government anti-drug advertisement spot, as well as an advertisement in the United States for the Special Olympics. "Girl/Boy Song" was used in a Bank of America commercial.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Italian meal structure is typical of the European Mediterranean region and differs from North, Central, and Eastern European meal structure, though it still often consists of breakfast ("colazione"), lunch ("pranzo"), and supper ("cena"). However, much less emphasis is placed on breakfast, and breakfast itself is often skipped or involves lighter meal portions than are seen in non-Mediterranean Western countries. Late-morning and mid-afternoon snacks, called "merenda" (plural "merende"), are also often included in this meal structure.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Traditional meals in Italy typically contained four or five courses. Especially on weekends, meals are often seen as a time to spend with family and friends rather than simply for sustenance; thus, meals tend to be longer than in other cultures. During holidays such as Christmas and New Year's Eve, feasts can last for hours.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Today, full-course meals are mainly reserved for special events such as weddings, while everyday meals include only a first or second course (sometimes both), a side dish, and coffee. The "primo" (first course) is usually a filling dish such as risotto or pasta, with sauces made from meat, vegetables, or seafood. Whole pieces of meat such as sausages, meatballs, and poultry are eaten in the "secondo" (second course). Italian cuisine has some single-course meals ("piatto unico") combining starches and proteins.


title: Italian meal structure

text: The most popular breakfast ("Colazione") nationwide is sweet, consumed at home or at a café. If the breakfast is consumed at home, it consists of coffee ("espresso" or prepared with a moka pot), milk, or "latte" accompanied by baked goods such as biscuits, for example shortbread, or by slices of bread spread with butter and jam or with honey or "gianduja" cream, made with chocolate and hazelnuts. Milk is sometimes replaced by fruit juice. On some special occasions, such as Sundays or holidays, there may also be more baked goods in the house, such as cakes, pies, pastries, or other regional specialties.


title: Italian meal structure

text: If breakfast is consumed at a café, espresso coffee predominates, together with "cappuccino" or "latte macchiato", accompanied by the classic "cornetto," "bombolone", or other pastry; however, the choice of breakfast desserts is varied, some of which are often present only in certain regions or cities. In recent decades, other types of coffee drinks have also spread, such as "mocaccino" and "marocchino".


title: Italian meal structure

text: Much less frequent, but not completely unusual, is the savory breakfast (although much lighter and frugal than other European savory breakfasts), often consisting of "focaccia" (of different types and depending on the region) or even just toasted homemade bread and seasoned with extra virgin olive oil, tomato, or sliced "salami".


title: Italian meal structure

text: In Italian culture, lunch ("Pranzo") is often considered the most important meal of the day and is, if complete, composed of four courses, namely:


title: Italian meal structure

text: It is traditional in Italy that a meal, particularly lunch, be concluded with a cup of espresso or prepared with a "caffè mocha", followed by the so-called "ammazzacaffè", consisting of a glass of local liqueur, bitter or sweet (of which there is wide choice).


title: Italian meal structure

text: The "merenda" (from the Latin "merenda") is not a main meal, but an important snack in the mid-morning (around 10 o'clock a.m.) or mid-afternoon (around 5 o'clock p.m.). It is usually a light meal, consisting of a "panino" or "tramezzino", fruit alone, or bread and jam, if not some typical dessert and, in summer, possibly ice cream. It is particularly carried out in childhood, but is also quite common among adults.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Along with lunch, it is the other main meal of the day. The supper ("Cena") scheme follows that of the classic Italian lunch, therefore with the same courses, but with dishes and foods that are usually lighter.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Exceptions are suppers, called "cenoni", consumed on the occasion of certain annual anniversaries such as New Year's Eve, Christmas Eve and the Carnival period; dinners are richer and more substantial than the lunch itself.


title: Italian meal structure

text: Unlike lunch, the Italian supper, when consumed among close family members, does not necessarily include the presence of a first course based on starchy foods (such as "pasta" or "polenta") or cereals (such as rice), so sometimes supper consists of what during lunch would be equivalent to a second course (therefore a meat or fish-based preparation), with or without a side dish, or a single dish, such as a soup or a light soup, however including the presence of bread.


title: Natassia Malthe

text: Malthe is the second of two daughters. She was born in Oslo, Norway, to a Norwegian father and Malaysian mother from Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Her parents met while on a trip to Toronto. She is usually credited by her birth name but is sometimes credited as "Lina Teal".


title: Natassia Malthe

text: In Scotland and Norway, Malthe went to dance schools at the Goh Ballet Academy, and the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet respectively, where she sang and danced while finishing high school. Later she moved to London, England to study musical theater. From there she went to Los Angeles and landed her first part on television.


title: Natassia Malthe

text: In 2005, Natassia Malthe, along with Jennifer Garner, was nominated at the MTV Movie Awards for Best Kiss.


title: Natassia Malthe

text: In 2009, Malthe starred as an elf bounty-hunter and sorceress-in-training in the Sci Fi Channel miniseries "Knights of Bloodsteel". She also does fashion modeling and is among the "Girls of Maxim" and "Toro Women".


title: Natassia Malthe

text: In 2017, Malthe joined numerous other women in accusing film producer Harvey Weinstein of sexual improprieties.


title: The Client List

text: The Client List is an American television film that premiered on the Lifetime Network on July 19, 2010. It starred Jennifer Love Hewitt and was directed by Eric Laneuville. The film is a fictionalized dramatization of a 2004 prostitution scandal in Odessa, Texas. It follows Sam Horton, a mother of three who becomes a prostitute to meet her financial obligations.


title: The Client List

text: Samantha and Rex Horton are unemployed and struggling to provide for their three children and keep their home. Desperate to stave off foreclosure, Samantha takes a job at a massage parlor, but quickly learns it is a house of prostitution, with the internal motto "beats the hell out of waitressing". As the Hortons are down to their last dollar, Samantha stays, and quickly becomes one of the most popular employees, being very personable with her clients.


title: The Client List

text: While her earnings increase, she hides the true nature of her job from her family and friends, even while lavishing them with expensive gifts. Rex later finds work again himself. Sam's popularity causes another problem: exhaustion, affecting her relationships. One of her clients gives her cocaine to keep her going.


title: The Client List

text: Meanwhile, a very young masseuse has revealed the true nature of the parlor to a church group, and public pressure on the mayor, who is up for re-election, leads to a police raid, even though many on the force are also clients. Sam's arrest is shown live on television at the bar Rex frequents. Her drug supply is also found, leading to an additional charge for possession.


title: The Client List

text: Sam is bailed out of jail by her close friend Dee, the only one she confided in about her real job. She berates her for not having the courage to drop the job after her needs were met. Rex and Sam separate. Another friend, Laura, a lawyer, convinces Sam to form a "client list" of the more prominent "johns". Their cooperation gets Sam and co-workers light jail sentences.


title: The Client List

text: After her release from jail, Samantha is confronted by several of the clients' wives—who are looking for advice on how to improve their marriages. Attempting to move on, she becomes a waitress and goes back to college, hoping to patch things up with Rex.


title: The Client List

text: "The Client List" drew in an audience of 3.9 million viewers and was the highest rated program for the evening amongst female viewers between the ages of 18 and 49.


title: The Client List

text: "Entertainment Weekly"s Ken Tucker considered it a typical Lifetime film that "offer[ed] cheap thrills … while offering moral uplift." Calling it "malarkey," he felt that Hewitt was able to sell the film to the audiences due to her "talent for communicating sincerity and charm."


title: The Client List

text: The film received a Golden Globe nomination for Jennifer Love Hewitt in the category "Best Performance by an Actress in a Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television," but lost to Claire Danes starring as Temple Grandin in the film of the same name.


title: The Client List

text: On August 10, 2011, it was announced that Lifetime had ordered production of "The Client List" television series based on the film. Hewitt acted as the lead role and also served as an executive producer. The series was a re-imagination of the film (with Hewitt's character having a different name from the film), and was not a direct continuation of the film's story line. The series premiered on April 8, 2012. On November 1, 2013, Lifetime cancelled the series after two seasons; the final episode of the series aired on June 16, 2013.


title: Continual improvement process

text: A continual improvement process, also often called a continuous improvement process (abbreviated as CIP or CI), is an ongoing effort to improve products, services, or processes. These efforts can seek "incremental" improvement over time or "breakthrough" improvement all at once. Delivery (customer valued) processes are constantly evaluated and improved in the light of their efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility.


title: Continual improvement process

text: Some see CIPs as a meta-process for most management systems (such as business process management, quality management, project management, and program management). W. Edwards Deming, a pioneer of the field, saw it as part of the 'system' whereby feedback from the process and customer were evaluated against organisational goals. The fact that it can be called a management process does not mean that it needs to be executed by 'management'; but rather merely that it makes decisions about the implementation of the delivery process and the design of the delivery process itself.


title: Continual improvement process

text: A broader definition is that of the Institute of Quality Assurance who defined "continuous improvement as a gradual never-ending change which is: '... focused on increasing the effectiveness and/or efficiency of an organisation to fulfil its policy and objectives. It is not limited to quality initiatives. Improvement in business strategy, business results, customer, employee and supplier relationships can be subject to continual improvement. Put simply, it means 'getting better all the time'.' "


title: Continual improvement process

text: Some successful implementations use the approach known as kaizen (the translation of ('change') ('good') is 'improvement'). This method became famous from Imai's 1986 book "Kaizen: The Key to Japan's Competitive Success."


title: Continual improvement process

text: The elements above are the more tactical elements of CIP. The more strategic elements include deciding how to increase the value of the delivery process output to the customer (effectiveness) and how much flexibility is valuable in the process to meet changing needs.


title: Continual improvement process

text: The PDCA (plan, do, check, act) or (plan, do, check, adjust) cycle supports continuous improvement and kaizen. It provides a process for improvement since the early design (planning) stage of any process, system, product or service.


title: Continual improvement process

text: The PDSA (Plan, Do, Study, Act) cycle is often credited to W. Edwards Deming and often called the Deming cycle though W. Edwards Deming referred to it as the Shewhart cycle. Walter A. Shewhart back in the 1920s was working at Western Electric Company with W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Juran.  Shewhart took the standard academic scientific method of inductive and deductive thinking, used in hypothesis testing, and converted it to a simple notion. When one does something, they Plan it, Do it, Study it, and Act on its results: the PDSA cycle. This was a far simpler notion to use and inform the shop floor of Western Electric while building telephones, where many workers would not and could not understand the scientific method. In fact, the PDSA notion could easily be applied to everyday life; driving a car to work. Thus the PDSA cycle was very easy to relate to by Western's workforce and gained the buy-in needed.


title: Continual improvement process

text: The CIP-concept is also used in environmental management systems (EMS), such as ISO 14000 and EMAS. The term "continual improvement", not "continuous improvement", is used in ISO 14000, and is understood to refer to an ongoing series of small or large-scale improvements which are each done discretely, i.e. in a step-wise fashion. Several differences exist between the CIP concept as it is applied in quality management and environmental management. CIP in EMS aims to improve the natural consequences of products and activities, not the products and activities as such. Secondly, there is no client-orientation in EMS-related CIP. Also, CIP in EMS is not limited to small, incremental improvements as in kaizen, it also includes innovations of any scale.


title: Continual improvement process

text: In the late 1990s, the developers of the ISO 9001:2000 standard—which addressed quality management systems and principles—debated whether or not to update the use of the word "continuous" to "continual". ISO Technical Committee 176 and regulatory representatives ultimately decided that "continuous was unenforceable because it meant an organization had to improve minute by minute, whereas, continual improvement meant step-wise improvement or improvement in segments". The committee reportedly did not base the change on dictionary definitions or the standard's vocabulary. This change ran contrary to the common usage of "continuous" in the standard and other prior business management documentation.


title: Continual improvement process

text: The concept of continual improvement is the core of the British Standards Institute's 2019 publication: BS 8624 Guide to Continual improvement: Methods for quantification. BS 8624 describes requirements for continual improvement and provides methods and examples of recognized techniques.


title: Equinix

text: Equinix, Inc. is an American multinational company headquartered in Redwood City, California, that specializes in Internet connection and data centers. The company is a leader in global colocation data center market share, with 240 data centers in 27 countries on five continents.


title: Equinix

text: It is listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the ticker symbol EQIX, and as of December 2021, it had approximately 11,000 employees globally. The company converted to a real estate investment trust (REIT) in January 2015.


title: Equinix

text: Equinix was founded in 1998 by Al Avery and Jay Adelson, two facilities managers at Digital Equipment Corporation. The firm promoted its data center platform as a neutral place where competing networks could connect and share data traffic. The firm capitalized on the "network effect," through which each new customer would broaden the appeal of its platform. It expanded to Asia-Pacific in 2002 and Europe in 2007, followed by Latin America in 2011 and the Middle East in 2012.


title: Equinix

text: In 2018, according to data collected by the online publication Sludge, Equinix signed three contracts with the U.S. Customs and Border Protection to provide "information technology support equipment" totalling over $5 million. In September 2020, the company shifted its branding to describe itself as a "digital infrastructure company".


title: Equinix

text: In 2002, Equinix merged with i-STT, the Internet infrastructure service subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia, and Pihana Pacific. This established the company's presence in China, Singapore, Australia and Japan. In 2007, the firm announced a $2 billion international expansion plan and entered the European market by acquiring data center operator IXEurope and its facilities. In 2010, Equinix opened its 50th data center, in London. Over the next seven years, the company nearly tripled its data center portfolio, growth the company attributed to increased demand caused by the emergence of cloud computing, the Internet of Things and big data.


title: Equinix

text: In 2010, the company purchased Switch and Data Facilities Company, Inc., a U.S. internet exchange and colocation services provider. The company extended its operations to the Middle East and in Southeast Asia in 2012. Also in 2012, it acquired Hong Kong-based data center provider Asia-Tone. In 2014, Equinix increased its Latin American presence when it acquired ALOG Datacenters of Brazil S.A., the country's leading provider of carrier-neutral data centers.


title: Equinix

text: In 2015, Equinix converted to a real estate investment trust (REIT) to gain tax advantages and add shareholder value. That same year, it acquired the professional services company Nimbo.


title: Equinix

text: In May 2015, Equinix said it would purchase the British company TelecityGroup, the largest acquisition in company history. The offer was cleared by the European Commission in November after Equinix agreed to sell eight of its data centers around Europe to Digital Realty, but it still retained Telecity Harbour Exchange data center in London Docklands. In January 2016, Equinix completed the Telecity acquisition in a transaction valued at approximately $3.8 billion. The addition of these data centers more than doubled Equinix's capacity in Europe. In December 2015, the company purchased Japanese provider Bit-Isle, adding six data centers in Japan.


title: Equinix

text: In 2016, Equinix opened new data centers in Dallas, Sydney and Tokyo and announced a deal to acquire 29 data centers in 15 markets from Verizon. In 2017, the firm also opened a new data center in São Paulo.


title: Equinix

text: In 2018, Equinix purchased the Dallas Infomart building, where it had already been operating four data centers. It also acquired Australian data center provider Metronode and its 10 data centers. The company opened its first data center in South Korea the next year.


title: Equinix

text: In 2020, Equinix finalized the purchase of Packet, a startup that provided bare-metal servers as a cloud service. The company expanded into India in August 2020 with the acquisition of GPX India, including a campus in Mumbai with two data centers. In October 2020, Equinix completed the acquisition of 13 Bell Canada data centers. The company also invested heavily in hyperscale xScale data centers.


title: Equinix

text: On December 7, 2021, Equinix announced its acquisition of Main One, a West African data center and connectivity solutions provider, for $320 million.


title: Equinix

text: In March 2022, Equinix expanded into Chile and Peru with $705 million acquisition of 4 Data Centers from Entel.


title: Equinix

text: In 2015, the company made a long-term pledge to power its entire data center platform with clean and renewable energy. The pledge followed criticism in 2014 from the environmental group Greenpeace, which said in an annual report on the environmental practices of Internet companies that Equinix had an insufficient commitment to renewable energy and carbon emissions mitigation. The company signed deals with wind farms in Texas and Oklahoma to buy enough renewable energy to offset the energy consumption of its North American data center portfolio.


title: Equinix

text: In 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency named Equinix one of 17 Green Power Partners leading the transition to renewable energy.


title: Equinix

text: In September 2020, Equinix priced $1.35 billion in green bonds to finance new and existing green projects. At the same time, the company announced a Green Finance Framework to standardize transparency reporting for green debt disclosures. In November 2020, the EPA gave Equinix its 2020 Green Power Partner of the Year award.


title: Equinix

text: In January 2021, Equinix joined the Climate Neutral Data Centre Pact, and therefore engaged to have data centres climate neutral by 2030.


title: Equinix

text: Equinix claims to have invested more than $25 billion in its data center platform. The firm calls its data centers International Business Exchanges (IBXs). In 2017, the company launched its own data center infrastructure management platform, IBX SmartView. The company's Internet Exchange service allows ISPs and enterprises to exchange Internet traffic through a global peering tool.


title: I Am Malala

text: I Am Malala: The Story of the Girl Who Stood Up for Education and was Shot by the Taliban is an autobiographical book by Malala Yousafzai, co-written with Christina Lamb. It was published on 8 October 2013, by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in the UK and Little, Brown and Company in the US.


title: I Am Malala

text: The book details the early life of Yousafzai, her father's ownership of schools and activism, the rise and fall of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan in Swat Valley and the assassination attempt made against Yousafzai on 9 October 2012, when she was aged 15, following her activism for female education. It received a positive critical reception and won several awards, though it has been banned in many schools in Pakistan.


title: I Am Malala

text: Part One covers Malala Yousafzai's life "Before the Taliban". She describes her childhood home Swat Valley. Named for Malalai of Maiwand, Yousafzai lived with her father Ziauddin, her mother Toor Pekai and two younger brothers Khushal and Atal. Ziauddin's father Rohul Amin was an imam and a teacher. Ziauddin studied a Master's in English at Jehanzeb College. He opened the Khushal School with a partner Naeem, who later left due to financial difficulties. Ziauddin found a new partner Hidayatullah, with whom the school slowly began to make a profit. As Ziauddin began to open more schools, Toor Pekai would bring children in need to live with them and Ziauddin would give free places in his schools to poor children. Yousafzai describes the changing political regimes in Pakistan, the first drone strikes in Pakistan in 2004 following the September 11 attacks.


title: I Am Malala

text: Part Two, "The Valley of Death", details the rise of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan in Swat. In 2006, Fazlullah began a popular "Radio Mullah" broadcast which initially gave advice on such matters as ritual ablutions and drug abstinence, but progressed into the condemnation of music and dancing, and instruction on women staying in the home. The book also describes the continuing War in North-West Pakistan, and the return of Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan which culminated in her assassination. The Taliban began to commit further murders such as that of Shabana, and Ziauddin Yousafzai continued outspoken activism. During the First Battle of Swat, Malala begins to write a BBC Urdu blog under the pseudonym "Gul Mukai". Her school is shut down following a Taliban edict in 2009, and her family are forced to move to Shangla for three months.


title: I Am Malala

text: Part Three is entitled "Three Bullets, Three Girls". By August 2009, the army have fought off the Taliban in Swat, and the Yousafzai family return. Malala's school re-opens, and she visits Islamabad with school friends, meeting with Major General Athar Abbas and giving a public speech. With her father, Yousafzai speaks at many interviews, critical of the Taliban and the army's ineffectiveness. The 2010 Pakistan floods devastate Swat, destroying buildings and leaving many without food, clean water and electricity. In the rest of the country, CIA agent Raymond Davis murders two men and the Americans kill bin Laden, leading to widespread mistrust of American influence in Pakistan by the public. In late 2011, Yousafzai begins to receive prizes for her activism. She travels to Karachi to talk to Geo TV, also visiting the mausoleum of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Yousafzai receives death threats, which worries her parents. Following the shooting of Zahid Khan in August 2012, Ziauddin expected to be targeted next. Malala also begins to fear an attack on her. She revises hard for her exams, staying up late at night. After her Pakistan Studies paper on 9 October, two men stop her bus and come aboard. One shouts "Who is Malala?" and shoots three bullets.


title: I Am Malala

text: Part Four is named "Between Life and Death". One bullet travelled from Yousafzai's left eye to her shoulder, and her friends Shazia and Kainat were also non-fatally injured. Yousafzai's father gave a speech with the Association of Private Schools before rushing to the hospital, while Yousafzai's mother was learning to read and rushed home to pray. Malala was taken by helicopter to the Combined Military Hospital in Peshawar and then airlifted to a military hospital in Rawalpindi. Yousafzai was taken on 15 October to Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham, aboard a United Arab Emirates jet, but her father refused to come as the rest of the family could not travel without passports.


title: I Am Malala

text: Part Five is called "A Second Life". Yousafzai woke up in Birmingham on 16 October, and spent the following days obsessed with the location of her father, and not being able to afford medical treatment, though the Pakistani government was covering costs. Yousafzai received 8000 cards and many presents. When she awoke, she was confused about all the cards she had received, as there was supposed to be a news blackout in Pakistan so no one would know anything had happened to her or where she was being taken, but someone had seen her being flown out to the UK, and word got around quickly. Her family finally arrived on 25 October. The day her family got to the hospital was also the first day since arriving in Birmingham that she had any access to windows. Malala had not seen the city she was being kept in for 10 days. She underwent surgery on 11 November to repair her facial nerve; in January 2013, she was discharged, and in February she received surgery to get a cochlear implant. Yousafzai lives in Birmingham, though she misses Swat, and plans to continue her activism so she can be known not as "the girl who was shot by the Taliban" but as "the girl who fought for education".


title: I Am Malala

text: According to "Publishers Weekly", in 2017 the book had sold almost 2 million copies, and there were 750,000 copies of the children's edition in print. In March 2018, "The Bookseller" reported that 328,000 copies of the book had been sold in the UK, netting over £2.47 million.


title: I Am Malala

text: Sayeeda Warsi, writing for "The Daily Telegraph", giving the book four stars out of five, wrote "Malala has turned a tragedy into something positive". "Entertainment Weekly" gave the book a "B+", writing "Malala's bravely eager voice can seem a little thin here, in "I Am Malala", likely thanks to her co-writer, but her powerful message remains undiluted." "Metro" list the book as one of the "20 best non-fiction books of 2013", praising that Yousafzai's story is "one of idealism and stubborn courage".


title: I Am Malala

text: In "The Observer", the reviewer Yvonne Roberts praised Lamb for ensuring "the teenager's voice is never lost", and summarises that "this extraordinary schoolgirl's words are a reminder of all that is best in human nature". Fatima Bhutto in "The Guardian" called the book "fearless" and stated that "the haters and conspiracy theorists would do well to read this book", though she criticised "the stiff, know-it-all voice of a foreign correspondent" that is interwoven with Yousafzai's. In "The Spectator", the journalist Owen Bennett-Jones describes Yousafzai's story as "astonishing", and writes that "as the story progresses, Malala’s voice definitely cuts through, clear and defiant". Marie Arana in "The Washington Post" called the book "riveting" and wrote "It is difficult to imagine a chronicle of a war more moving, apart from perhaps the diary of Anne Frank."


title: I Am Malala

text: The All Pakistan Private School's Federation announced that the book would be banned in its 152,000 member institutions, stating that it disrespected Islam and could have a "negative" influence. Pakistani investigative editor Ansar Abbasi described her work as "providing her critics something 'concrete' to prove her as an 'agent' of the West against Islam and Pakistan".


title: I Am Malala

text: Following the book's release, the Pakistani Taliban released a statement threatening to kill Yousafzai, and target bookshops which sell the book.


title: I Am Malala

text: The book, however, continues to be available in leading bookstores. It remains a popular reading among educated people especially young girls. Some schools, in fact, encourage students to read this book by keeping it in their libraries. Pakistan does not have high literacy rate, and therefore, the popularity or otherwise of any literature is always subject to how the educated people have received it.


title: I Am Malala

text: "I Am Malala" was published on 8 October 2013, by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in the UK and Little, Brown and Company in the US. The book has been translated into more than 40 languages.


title: I Am Malala

text: A children's edition of the memoir was published in 2014 under the title "I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World". The audio book edition, narrated by Neela Vaswani, won the 2015 Grammy Award for Best Children's Album.


title: Renji Panicker

text: Renji Panicker (born 23 September 1960) is an Indian actor, scriptwriter, director, film producer, and journalist best known for his Malayalam films. He made his debut as a director with "Bharatchandran IPS" in 2005.


title: Renji Panicker

text: He did his bachelor's degree in commerce from Sanatana Dharma College, Alappuzha and certificate in Journalism from Press Club, Thiruvananthapuram. He earned a master's degree in journalism from Kerala University, Karyavattom.


title: Renji Panicker

text: Panicker began his career as a journalist. He started off as a reporter for magazines and publications. During an interview, while working for "Chithrabhumi", a film magazine, he met director Shaji Kailas. Renji scripted several films for Shaji Kailas, including "Dr. Pasupathy" (1990), "Thalastaanam" (1992), "Sthalathe Pradhana Payyans" (1993), "Ekalavyan" (1993), "Mafia" (1993), "Commissioner" (1994), and "The King" (1995). The Renji Panicker-Shaji Kailas team elevated Suresh Gopi into a bankable lead actor during the early 1990s. He is known for his collaboration with director Joshiy, which included the films "Lelam" (1997) and "Pathram" (1999). He became a film director and directed two films. He is one of the managing directors of the Malayalam newspaper "Metrovaartha".


title: Renji Panicker

text: Renji has taken several cameo roles in his own films. However, he gained popularity as an actor for his role in "Ohm Shanthi Oshaana" (2014). He acted in "Njaan" (2014), "Premam" (2015), "Jacobinte Swargarajyam" (2016), "Thoppil Joppan" (2016), "Alamara" (2017), "Godha" (2017) and "Bhayanakam" (2018).


title: Renji Panicker

text: Renji Panicker was married to Aneeta Mariam Thomas, his classmate at Kerala University. Aneeta died on 10 March 2019, suffering from a kidney ailment. They have twin sons, Nithin and Nikhil, and were living in Alappuzha before moving to Kochi.


title: Renji Panicker

text: While interviewing director Shaji Kailas, for a film magazine in 1990, he was impressed by Renji's language and asked him to do a script for him. Renji, who was an active politician since his college days tried out a political satire, "Dr. Pasupathy", that turned out to be a hit. But the success of his debut film failed to bring recognition. His next venture "Akashakottayile Sulthan", in 1991, directed by Jayaraj, with Sreenivasan in the main role, bombed. This made Renji to rethink film as a career. Upon Kailas' insistence, Renji made another attempt in 1992. "Thalastaanam", revolving around campus politics was a hit and marked the beginning of the Shaji-Renji combination.


title: Renji Panicker

text: In the year 1993, Renji penned "Sthalathe Pradhana Payyans". Directed by Kailas, this film was a turning point in the life of Jagadish, who was until then slotted into comic roles. Jagadish played the role of a common man who overnight becomes the home minister of the state. "Sthalathe Pradhana Payyans" completed 150 days in theatres, establishing Renji Panicker as one of the leading script writers in Malayalam cinema. Next was "Ekalavyan", released in May 1993. Directed by Kailas, "Ekalavyan" was an action thriller revolving around the unholy nexus of drug mafia-godmen and politicians. Appearing in the lead role of a police officer, Suresh Gopi established himself as the next star of Malayalam cinema. Ekalavyan completed 150 days in most theatres. "Mafia" then revolved around Bangalore underworld. Directed by Kailas with Gopi as hero, it was released in 1993, making Renji the most expensive script-writer in Malyalam film.


title: Renji Panicker

text: In 1994, Kailas/Panicker created "Commissioner", a police film, which completed a run of 200 days in theatres. Gopi appeared in the title role and the film became the biggest grosser of the year. Shaji/Renji rejoined in 1995, casting Mammootty as the hero of "The King", which was released in the end of 1995 was successful. Thereafter the duo parted ways.


title: Renji Panicker

text: Renji, after a long time wrote a script for director Joshi in 1997. "Lelam", another action thriller with Gopi as the hero was again a hit. The same team brought out "Pathram" the next year. Revolving around print media and the politics surrounding it, this flick is best remembered for dialog. The continuous run of hits came to an end in 2001. Renji's combination with Joshi, "Dubai" bombed. This was followed by "Praja", the first time Mohanlal appeared in a Renji film and it completed 100 days in theatres. The back to back set backs forced Renji to take a break for three years. In 2005, he followed with Bharatchandran IPS the sequel of Commissioner, released in 1994. Bharatchandran IPS was his directorial debut. He also co-produced this film. This film crossed 100-day run in all major centres and gave a rebirth to Gopi. Renji's second directorial attempt was Roudram, released in 2008, with Mammootty in the main role, Another police story, this film was a success. Renji's next project was The King & the Commissioner in which Mammootty and Gopi played the lead roles, Joseph Alex I.A.S. and Bharathchandran I.P.S., taken from the films The King and Commissioner. It was directed by Kailas. This film had many expectations, as Mammootty and Gopi were reuniting after many years as were Kailas and Panicker. Unfortunately, it also bombed.


title: Renji Panicker

text: Panicker's dialogue in "Lelam" based on a real-life character and jingoistic characters from "Commissioner" are considered timeless for Mollywood.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The "Cutie Honey" franchise spans many works, including numerous manga series, three anime television series, two OVA series, two drama CDs, three live action adaptations, and four stage plays. The first anime aired in 1973 and is considered a magical girl series in retrospect. In addition, the theme song of the series has become one of the most famous theme songs in the history of anime, and is widely known in Japan, even to those unfamiliar with the series. Despite the many different Cutie Honey works made, this theme song continues to be sung in all live-action and animated works except "Cutie Honey Universe" and "", with different arrangers and singers. According to a Bandai survey, Cutie Honey ranked first in the "Favorite Characters" surveyed in April 1997 in two categories: girls aged 3 to 5 and girls aged 6 to 8.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Honey Kisaragi is a regular, 16-year-old Catholic schoolgirl, until the day her father is murdered by the "Panther Claw" organization. After his death, she learns she is actually an android created by him and within her is . With her cry of "Honey Flash!" she can use the device to transform into the sword-wielding red-haired superhero, Cutie Honey. This device, or similar devices, have been used to explain her powers in all later "Honey" versions.


title: Cutie Honey

text: While attending the Saint Chapel School for Girls-(in "Cutie Honey Flash", the school is co-ed instead of being an all-girls school), Honey seeks revenge against the Panther Claw organization, which is ruled by an ancient primordial evil known as Panther Zora and her younger sibling Sister Jill. Zora wants "the rarest items in the world" and seeks to steal the device within Honey created by her father, which would allow them to "create an endless supply of jewels". Meanwhile Jill, leader of the group's division in Japan, "only wants the finest riches" and has a crush on Honey.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Honey is aided in her quest by Danbei Hayami and his two sons, journalist Seiji and young Junpei. Danbei is based on the character Daemon from Nagai's prior work "Abashiri Family". Nagai's manga also borrows the character Naojiro from that series (in a "female" form named Sukeban Naoko), while the anime borrows the Paradise School along with the characters Naojiro and Goeman (a teacher at the school) from the series. Naojiro is here the boss of the school's delinquent boys before being joined in the job by Honey.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Honey is mischievous for a Japanese female hero, often teasing her male friends and mocking her enemies in combat. When transforming into Cutie Honey, she gives a brief rundown of the forms she has previously taken in that particular episode, and then declares, "But my true identity is ..." before yelling ""Honey Flash!"" and transforming. At school, Honey is something of a "class clown" who enjoys teasing and pranking her teachers Alphonne and Miharu. Much of the comic relief in the series comes from Honey's exploits at school. Miharu initially sees Honey as an incorrigible pest, but Alphonne is attracted to Honey and goes out of her way to be nice to her. Honey's best friend at school is the cute, freckle-faced Natsuko "Nat-chan" Aki. In the manga, Nat-chan, as well as the other students, had a crush on Honey; this crush was downplayed in the TV series.


title: Cutie Honey

text: In 1992, Nagai wrote that the idea to create a hero with seven transformations was pitched by a Toei producer. His inspiration for this character came from classic shows that featured protagonists who took seven different forms, including the "Bannai Tarao" mysteries and "Warrior of Love Rainbowman" (1972). His decision to make the protagonist a "female android" came from female characters from his previous works, "Harenchi Gakuen" and "Abashiri Family", and from the character Maria from "Metropolis". The series' working title was "Honey Idol", as stated by Go Nagai the booklet of a DVD release. Nagai revealed in the afterword of a recent manga rerelease, that Honey Kisaragi's name is a reference to the 1965 American TV series "Honey West."


title: Cutie Honey

text: Originally, "Cutie Honey" was meant to be a shōjo series like the later "Cutie Honey Flash", and was planned to focus more on the relationship between Honey and Shun Kazami (renamed to Seiji Hayami for the final series) as well as lacking any nudity or excessive violence. A great deal of merchandising was initially planned, such as 'changing' dolls of Honey. The manga was slated to run in the monthly "Ribon" magazine, and the series was set to air Mondays at 7:00pm on NET TV (now TV Asahi), a timeslot previously held by magical girl series. However, the timeslot was given to "Miracle Shōjo Limit-Chan" instead and Cutie Honey was set to air Saturdays at 8:30pm on the programming block "Majū Kaijin Daihenshin!!!" which previously aired "Micord S" and "Devilman". Because of this, Cutie Honey retooled into a "shōnen" series, making it the first magical girl series for teen boys.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The original work of the franchise was the "Cutie Honey" manga series written and illustrated by Go Nagai that ran in "Weekly Shōnen Champion" magazine from October 1973 to April 1974. During the same time, other short manga series were published in different magazines than the original, and by different creative teams. These included two manga made by Ken Ishikawa, another two by Yū Okazaki, one by Chizuko Beppu, one by Yoshiko Suganuma, and another by Masatoshi Nakajima. Nagai's 1973 manga was republished in 1985 as a single volume, but no further manga versions of "Cutie Honey" were produced until 1992.In 1992, Nagai created a new "Cutie Honey" manga, simply titled "Cutie Honey"; set 30 years after his original. The manga ran in "Weekly SPA!" magazine from July 1992 to April 1993. It was released in the United States in 1997 by the now-defunct Studio Ironcat, as "Cutie Honey '90". It has received criticism for having "bad quality" and "clumsy" looking characters. The story begins when Honey Kisaragi and the Hayami family found the Hayami Group thirty years after Panther Claw was defeated, in order to prepare for the wicked organization's future comeback. When Sister Jill is resurrected and leads a reformed Panther Claw to assault the globe, Honey battles Sister Jill with new talents and abilities in order to finally defeat Panther Claw.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Several manga adaptations of 1997's "Cutie Honey Flash" anime were published between March 1997 to April 1998 in various magazines. These included three manga made by Yukako Iisaka, another three by Shinko Kumazaki, and one by Kazushi Sasaki.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Running from August 2001 to July 2003, was written and illustrated by Go Nagai and published in "Weekly Manga Action" magazine. Set in 2005, Seiji Hayami's daughter, Seiko struggles with apparitions of monstrous beings, including the Panther Claw terrorist organization, which she must defeat with the help of Hisashi Hanyu, who is Cutie Honey in disguise.


title: Cutie Honey

text: "Honey & Yukiko Hime: Cutie Heroine Daisakusen" was a digital manga published in 2008 that was written by Go Nagai and illustrated by Kazuhiro Ochi. The manga is a crossover between "Cutie Honey" and another Go Nagai manga, "Dororon Enma-kun".


title: Cutie Honey

text: "Cutie Honey vs Abashiri Family" was a manga published in "Weekly Shonen Champion" magazine in 2009 that was written an illustrated by Go Nagai. Made to celebrate "Shonen Champion"'s 40th anniversary, the manga is a crossover between "Cutie Honey" and "The Abashiri Family", another Go Nagai manga.


title: Cutie Honey

text: "HoneyVS" was a one-shot manga published in "Grand Jump" magazine in 2012 by Masaki Segawa. The manga is a crossover between Cutie Honey and "Getter Robo", another Go Nagai manga.


title: Cutie Honey

text: "Oedo Honey" was a one-shot manga published in "Grand Jump" magazine in September 2012 by Masakazu Yamaguchi. The manga is a story about Honey and Sister Jill traveling back in time to the Edo period.


title: Cutie Honey

text: "Cutie Honey vs Devilman Lady" was a manga published in "Champion RED Ichigo" magazine from June to October 2013 that was written and illustrated by Go Nagai. The manga is a crossover between "Cutie Honey" and Nagai's "Devilman Lady".


title: Cutie Honey

text: "Gekiman! Cutie Honey-hen" was a manga published in "Weekly Manga Goraku" magazine from July 2016 to September 2017 that was written and illustrated by Go Nagai. Autobiographical manga about the development of Cutie Honey released to promote "".


title: Cutie Honey

text: Toei Animation produced an anime television series titled "Cutie Honey", simultaneously as the manga was being drawn. It was broadcast on NET (now TV Asahi) on October 13, 1973 and ran for 25 episodes until March 30, 1974. The TV series is much tamer than the manga version, removing much of the violence, gross out humor and lesbian undertones, but retaining Miss Alphonne's attraction to Honey. While the manga was marketed as "" ("science fiction comics"), the Toei anime is considered, at least in retrospect, a magical girl series. Character designs were done by Shingo Araki, musical score by Takeo Watanabe, scripts by Masaki Tsuji, Susumu Takaku, and Keisuke Fujikawa, while episode directors included Tomoharu Katsumata, Osamu Kasai and Hiroshi Shidara. The series stars Eiko Masuyama as Honey Kisaragi.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Outside Japan, the original "Cutie Honey" TV series was released was France, where it aired under the title "Cherry Miel" ("Cherry Honey") from August 1988 to February 1989, On November 26, 2013, Discotek Media released a DVD boxset of the complete series in North America. The series was also dubbed and broadcast in Hong Kong during 1988.


title: Cutie Honey

text: For an anime television series, the original "Cutie Honey" achieved respectable ratings in Japan, and some of its cast and crew have worked on other major titles. The series achieved a peak rating of 11.6% for episode 18 (broadcast February 11, 1974) and generally scored ratings of around 8–10%.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The original video animation series "New Cutie Honey" was released in 1994 and ended with eight episodes in 1995. The series stars Michiko Neya as Honey Kisaragi.


title: Cutie Honey

text: 100 years after the decisive battle with Panther Claw, Honey Kisaragi now works as the mayor's secretary in the crime-prone metropolis of Cosplay City. One day, after being attacked by minions of the Demon King Dolmeck, who dominates the city, Honey regains her former power and memory and awakens as Cutie Honey. Honey faces a new battle against Dolmeck who is planning to revive her former nemesis, Panther Zora.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The series staff planned to make at least twelve episodes, but it ended with eight in 1995. A 2004 DVD release included a scripted but unfilmed ninth episode—a Christmas story—as a drama CD. The eight filmed episodes were released by ADV Films in the United States. Jessica Calvello, the voice of Honey in the English language version, was hand-picked by Nagai, though he originally wanted Winona Ryder. Until Discotek Media picked up the first anime, this series remained the only Cutie Honey anime to be commercially released in the US. Discotek Media released the series on Blu-Ray in August 2019.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Toei Animation also produced a "shōjo" "Cutie Honey" series, known as "Cutie Honey Flash". It began broadcasting on TV Asahi on February 15, 1997, and aired until its conclusion on January 31, 1998. Employing many of the same animation staff as the recently-finished "Sailor Moon Sailor Stars", including Miho Shimagasa, "Flash" features very similar character designs and fits the more traditional mold of magical girl series. It uses hand-drawn animation; according to Shimagasa, the use of digitally animated characters on hand-painted backgrounds was planned and tested, but later rejected.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The series is unrelated to the previous anime productions, being more of a reimagining of the story. All the characters from the original TV series return, with the exception of Junpei, Naojiro, and the staff of Paradise School. The anime also introduces Misty Honey, a rival and self-proclaimed younger sister of Cutie Honey, whose name was chosen through a contest in Japan. Honey has a larger array of transformations as well, including versions of her original forms Hurricane Honey and Cutie Honey.


title: Cutie Honey

text: An anime film, "Cutie Honey Flash: The Movie", was released in July 1997. The film takes place between episodes 19 and 20 of the television series.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Gainax, along with Toei Animation, produced "Re: Cutie Honey", a three-episode OVA series that adapts and expands on the 2004 live-action film, "Cutie Honey". It was first shown on the Animax satellite television network, with the first episode airing on July 24, 2004, two months after the live-action film was released. DVD releases for each episode followed, with the first on September 21. While Hideaki Anno directed the series in general, each episode also had its own director and the three episodes differed in style. This time, Honey is portrayed by Yui Horie.


title: Cutie Honey

text: The Re: Cutie Honey Complete DVD, released on September 21, 2005, includes a CD drama starring the four voice actresses that have voiced Honey up to then: Eiko Masuyama (the '70s series), Michiko Neya (New Cutie Honey), Ai Nagano (Cutie Honey Flash), and Yui Horie ().


title: Cutie Honey

text: On December 28, 2017, a new anime television series titled "Cutie Honey Universe" was announced as part of creator Go Nagai's 50th anniversary as a manga artist and premiered in April 2018. The series, with its storyline and character designs closely patterned after the original manga, was directed by Akitoshi Yokoyama at Production Reed with Natsuko Takahashi handling series composition, and Syūichi Iseki designing the characters and credited as chief animation director. The series stars Maaya Sakamoto as Honey Kisaragi.


title: Cutie Honey

text: After Panther Claw holds hostages at a jewelry store, Honey teams up with the Panther Claw Criminal Investigative Services to fight against them. Unbeknownst to Honey, the group's key investigator, Inspector Genet, is really Panther Claw's leader, Sister Jill


title: Cutie Honey

text: The 2004 live-action film "Cutie Honey", produced by Gainax and directed by Hideaki Anno, stars popular Japanese model Eriko Sato as Honey. The tokusatsu film loosely retells the story of Cutie Honey's battle against the Panther Claw to defend humanity and avenge her father. It was released direct-to-DVD in the United States on April 17, 2007 by Bandai Entertainment. It is very popular in Thai culture, and was distributed by Sutida Inc media conglomerate. The film was not successful at the box office in Japan, leading to the bankruptcy of the production company, Towani, in September 2004.


title: Cutie Honey

text: In this film, there have been frequent cases of mass robbery of precious metals and disappearances of young women in Tokyo. Police inspector Aki Natsuko suspects Panther Claw's involvement in these incidents and begins chasing Cutie Honey, who was seen battling them. Honey Kisaragi, who works in an office, joins forces with reporter Seiji Hayami and Natsuko to defeat the evil Panther Claw and their leader, Sister Jill.


title: Cutie Honey

text: Another film, "", was released in the fall of 2016. Unrelated to the previous film, it stars Mariya Nishiuchi as a new version of Honey (here named Hitomi) in a cyberpunk world.