title: Direct and indirect band gaps

text: A common and simple method for determining whether a band gap is direct or indirect uses absorption spectroscopy. By plotting certain powers of the absorption coefficient against photon energy, one can normally tell both what value the band gap is, and whether or not it is direct.


title: Direct and indirect band gaps

text: For a direct band gap, the absorption coefficient formula_1 is related to light frequency according to the following formula:


title: Direct and indirect band gaps

text: This formula is valid only for light with photon energy larger, but not too much larger, than the band gap (more specifically, this formula assumes the bands are approximately parabolic), and ignores all other sources of absorption other than the band-to-band absorption in question, as well as the electrical attraction between the newly created electron and hole (see exciton). It is also invalid in the case that the direct transition is forbidden, or in the case that many of the valence band states are empty or conduction band states are full.


title: Direct and indirect band gaps

text: Therefore, if a plot of formula_7 versus formula_26 forms a straight line, it can normally be inferred that there is a direct band gap, measurable by extrapolating the straight line to the formula_27 axis. On the other hand, if a plot of formula_7 versus formula_29 forms a straight line, it can normally be inferred that there is an indirect band gap, measurable by extrapolating the straight line to the formula_27 axis (assuming formula_31).


title: Direct and indirect band gaps

text: In some materials with an indirect gap, the value of the gap is negative. The top of the valence band is higher than the bottom of the conduction band in energy. Such materials are known as semimetals.


title: UFC 251

text: UFC 251: Usman vs. Masvidal was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 12, 2020 at the du Forum on Yas Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It was originally planned to take place on June 6 at Perth Arena in Perth, Australia. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the event was eventually postponed on April 9 "(see section below)". In early June, it was confirmed that the event would instead take place in Abu Dhabi.


title: UFC 251

text: The event would have marked the promotion's second visit to Perth, following UFC 221 in February 2018. However, the promotion later announced on May 5 that it would officially postpone the realization of this event in Perth due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: UFC 251

text: While not officially announced by the organization, a UFC Featherweight Championship rematch between current champion Alexander Volkanovski and former champion Max Holloway was originally expected to headline the event on June 6. The pairing first met at UFC 245, where Volkanovski defeated Holloway via unanimous decision to capture the title. Volkanovski indicated in late March that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, he would postpone his title defense on the initial June 6 date.


title: UFC 251

text: A UFC Women's Flyweight Championship bout between current champion Valentina Shevchenko and Joanne Calderwood was expected to take place on the event's first date. However, Shevchenko was forced to withdraw from the event on March 31 due to a leg injury and the bout was postponed.


title: UFC 251

text: UFC president Dana White stated on April 7 that he was pursuing an international venue — described as a "private island" or "Fight Island" — to facilitate the hosting of events involving fighters impacted by U.S. travel restrictions.


title: UFC 251

text: On June 9, the UFC revealed that the "Fight Island" site would be Yas Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and that it would also host four events in July. This event was the fourth UFC event held on Yas Island overall, succeeding UFC 242 in September 2019. Additionally, there is a 10 square mile (16 km) "safety zone" on the island restricted to essential personnel. The designated area includes access to amenities such as hotels, restaurants and a training cage on the beach. The fights took place inside the du Forum — an indoor events arena. It does not have communal areas and those entering the site must go through "mist tunnels" to disinfect themselves from surface bacteria.


title: UFC 251

text: Without fans in attendance, the promotion did not have to worry about scheduling the event for local primetime hours. The event was instead scheduled for prime time in the U.S. Eastern Time Zone; the full preliminary card began at approximately 2:00 am (July 12) Gulf Standard Time.


title: UFC 251

text: A UFC Welterweight Championship bout between current champion Kamaru Usman (also welterweight winner) and Gilbert Burns was expected to headline the event. However, it was announced on July 3 that Burns was pulled from the contest after he and his coach, Greg Jones, tested positive for COVID-19. Pending pre-fight testing and a 24-hour quarantine, Jorge Masvidal was expected to serve as his replacement. After he passed his initial test, the new main event was confirmed.


title: UFC 251

text: The previously mentioned UFC Featherweight Championship rematch between Volkanovski and Holloway co-headlined the event.


title: UFC 251

text: A UFC Bantamweight Championship bout for the vacant title between Petr Yan and former WEC and two-time UFC Featherweight Champion José Aldo also took place at the event. Former champion Henry Cejudo announced immediately after his title defense at UFC 249 that he would be relinquishing the title and retiring from the sport.


title: UFC 251

text: The following fights were also rescheduled for this event, after being scrapped due to different reasons from their original bookings:


title: UFC 251

text: A bantamweight bout between Pedro Munhoz and former UFC Lightweight Champion Frankie Edgar was briefly linked to the event. However, promotion officials elected to schedule the pairing for four days later.


title: UFC 251

text: A heavyweight bout between Marcin Tybura between Alexander Romanov was scheduled for the event. However, Romanov was pulled from the event after testing positive for COVID-19 and replaced by promotional newcomer Maxim Grishin.


title: UFC 251

text: At the weigh-ins, Raulian Paiva and Vanessa Melo missed weight for their respective bouts. Paiva weighed in at 129 pounds, three pounds over the flyweight non-title fight limit. Melo weighed in at 141 pounds, five pounds over the bantamweight non-title fight limit. Both of their bouts proceeded at a catchweight and they were each fined 20% and 30% of their individual purses, which went to their opponents Zhalgas Zhumagulov and Karol Rosa.


title: UFC 251

text: The event had a total fight time of 3 hours, 7 minutes and 27 seconds, surpassing the previous record holder . The record was later broken by UFC 263 with 3:19:32.


title: Jarritos

text: Jarritos is a brand of soft drink in Mexico, founded in 1950 by Don Francisco "El Güero" Hill and now owned by Novamex, a large independent bottling conglomerate based in Guadalajara, Jalisco, property of the Hill & ac. Co. It is also distributed in some areas of Mexico by the Pepsi Bottling Group and Cott.


title: Jarritos

text: Jarritos is made in fruit flavors and is less carbonated than popular soft drinks. It is made in Mexico. Many Jarritos varieties are naturally flavored. The word "jarrito" means "little jug" in Spanish and refers to the Mexican tradition of drinking water and other drinks in clay pottery jugs. Produced in Mexico, they are sold throughout the Americas. Jarritos comes in 370 ml (12.5 oz) and 600 ml (20 oz) glass and plastic as well as 1.5-liter bottles.


title: Jarritos

text: Jarritos broke Mexican soft drink standards by offering a larger 400 ml bottle with a coffee-flavored drink. Shortly after launching the first Jarritos in Mexico City, Francisco Hill developed a process to remove tamarind juice extract to create the first tamarind-flavored soft drink in Mexico: Jarritos Tamarindo. Hill quickly followed with Mandarin, Lemon, and Fruit Punch flavors gaining greater market share and becoming the national soft drink of Mexico.


title: Jarritos

text: Exports to the United States began in 1989. According to the 2009 edition of the book "Mexico Greatest Brands", 6000 bottles of Jarritos are shipped across the border each minute.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: In March 2021, the company merged with Line Corporation, placing both companies under parent Z Holdings.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo! and SoftBank formed Yahoo! Japan in January 1996 to establish the first web portal in Japan. Yahoo! Japan went live on April 1, 1996. Yahoo! Japan was listed on JASDAQ in November 1997. In January 2000, it became the first stock in Japanese history to trade for more than ¥100 million per share. The company was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in October 2003 and became part of the Nikkei 225 stock market index in 2005.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo! Japan acquired the naming rights for the Fukuoka Dome in 2005, renaming the dome as the "Fukuoka Yahoo! Japan Dome". The "Yahoo Dome" is the home field for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks, a professional baseball team majority owned by SoftBank.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Since 2010, Yahoo! Japan's search engine has been based on Google's search technology. In exchange, Google receives user activity data from Yahoo! Japan's various products.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: In 2017, Verizon Communications purchased the core internet business of United States-based Yahoo!, and merged it with AOL into Oath, Inc.; Yahoo! Japan was not affected. It continued as a joint venture between Softbank and what remained of Yahoo! Inc. was renamed Altaba. Yahoo! had been declining economically and in popularity since the late 2000s, but this was not the case for Yahoo! Japan, which continued to dominate Japan's internet industry. Following the sale, Yahoo! Japan continued to use the name "Yahoo!" under license from Verizon Communications. In July 2018, SoftBank bought $2 billion worth of shares in Yahoo! Japan from Altaba, increasing its stake to 48.17 percent. Yahoo! Japan, in turn, bought nearly the same amount of stock from SoftBank. In September 2018, Altaba sold all of its remaining shares in Yahoo! Japan for roughly $4.3 billion. Yahoo! Japan acquired trademark rights to the "Yahoo!" brand in Japan from Verizon in 2021.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: In March 2021 Line Corporation merged with Yahoo! Japan, which has been operated by Z Holdings, a SoftBank Group subsidiary. Under the new structure, Naver Corporation (Line's former parent company) and SoftBank Corp. (the wireless carrier unit of SoftBank Group) each hold 50 percent stakes in a new company named A Holdings Corp., which holds a majority stake in Z Holdings, which will operate Line and Yahoo! Japan. Upon integrating the two businesses and creating further platforms, the merged company aims to compete with the U.S. tech giants Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple and the Chinese tech giants Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent, as well as the Japanese e-commerce giant Rakuten. The merger also gives Z Holdings three additional Asian markets where Line is popular: Taiwan, Thailand, and Indonesia.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo Japan's services are not available in the European Economic Area and the UK since 6 April 2022, due to "excessive regulatory burden".


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo! Japan was a founding member of Rakuten, a Japanese e-business association led by CEO Hiroshi Mikitani, in February 2010; this occurred after Rakuten withdrew from the Japan Business Federation (Keidanren) in June 2011 and made moves to become the Japan Association of New Economy as a rival to Keidanren. Yahoo! Japan withdrew from the e-business association in March 2012 and it joined Keidanren in July 2012.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo! Japan continues to use a site design from prior to 2007 and the international Yahoo logo used before 2013, colored red.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: One of its primary businesses, originally the Yahoo! Japan search engine was a directorytype search engine, similar to Yahoo! in the United States. A crawlertype search engine was used as well, and as the popularity of the crawlertype search engine gradually increased, after October 3, 2005, Yahoo! Japan began utilizing only the crawlertype engine. On June 29, 2017, Yahoo! Japan announced that the directory-based search engine "Yahoo! Category", which had been in operation since its establishment, would be abolished on March 29, 2018.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: As a crawlertype search engine, Yahoo! Japan initially used technology from the Japanese company Goo, which used Google's technology. The company later switched to using Yahoo Search Technology (YST), developed by Yahoo! in the US. In addition to serving as a standard search engine, Yahoo! Japan partnered with Twitter to provide real-time search for tweets. It also receives data feeds from partner companies; Cookpad and Naver information is displayed in search results.


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Yahoo! Japan currently offers various web-based services and apps for its customers, including the following:


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: Other Yahoo! Japan services include or have included Yahoo! Japan Bookstore, Yahoo! Japan News, Yahoo! Japan GeoCities (discontinued in March 2019), Yahoo! Japan Toto (a sports lottery site), Yahoo! Shopping, Yahoo! Travel, Yahoo! Roko (a mapping and review service), Yahoo! Box (a cloud storage service), Yahoo! Mobage (a social networking service), Yahoo! Wisdom Bag (similar to Yahoo! Answers), and Yahoo! Browser (an androidbased web browser).


title: Yahoo! Japan

text: From April 6, 2022, the home page blocked users from the EEA and the UK, apparently due to General Data Protection Regulation. Some subsidiary services such as Yahoo! JAPAN Mail remained functional, although limited.


title: Midnight Sky

text: "Midnight Sky" is a song by American singer Miley Cyrus, released on August 14, 2020, by RCA Records as the lead single from her seventh studio album "Plastic Hearts". The single was written by Cyrus, Ali Tamposi, Ilsey Juber and Jon Bellion with song's producers: Louis Bell and Andrew Watt. It is a disco, pop, synth-pop, electropop and pop rock song with lyrics about independence and self-confidence. The song's music video was Cyrus' first self-directed music video and was released on the same day as the single.


title: Midnight Sky

text: "Midnight Sky" was included on several year-end lists of best songs of 2020. Commercially, the song reached number one in Scotland, Bulgaria and Serbia, as well as the top five in the United Kingdom and has reached the top ten on music charts in over 15 territories. It was also the longest-running number-one single on UK radio in 2020, with six weeks.


title: Midnight Sky

text: On August 4, 2020, Cyrus posted on her social media a clip of the music video for her song "Start All Over" with the hashtags "#sheiscoming" and "#butforrealthistime", in reference to her long-delayed seventh studio album "She Is Miley Cyrus". Later that day, she shared a preview of "Midnight Sky" on social media. The track was released on August 14 as planned.


title: Midnight Sky

text: A preview of "Midnight Sky" was released to coincide with the launch of Instagram Reels, a video-sharing service similar to TikTok, on August 6, 2020. On August 31, the Midnight Sky Truck, an experiential pop-up, appeared in Los Angeles, with various influencers sharing photographs and videos of themselves in the truck.


title: Midnight Sky

text: The song and video were inspired by other female musicians, such as Stevie Nicks, Joan Jett and Debbie Harry, specifically, Nicks' song "Edge of Seventeen". Cyrus reached out to Nicks before release, asking for her blessing of the song. In an interview with Hits 1, Cyrus explained the song's background, stating:


title: Midnight Sky

text: Just hours before it was released, reports surfaced that the singer and Cody Simpson had split. Although unconfirmed, the reported breakup came as the singer explained to SiriusXM Hits 1 that much of the song focuses on the idea of personal evolution.


title: Midnight Sky

text: "Midnight Sky" is an uptempo "Prince-esque" disco, pop, synth-pop, electropop and pop rock song with "gritty", "raw" arena rock vocals and "pristinely glossy" production. Written in the key of E minor, it has a tempo of 110 beats per minute, with Cyrus' vocal range spanning from the low note of D to the high note of D.


title: Midnight Sky

text: Its lyrics are inspired by Cyrus' divorce from Liam Hemsworth and relationships with Kaitlynn Carter and Cody Simpson, and show the singer "tak[ing] back her narrative" and being confident in herself. She also revealed in an interview in Alex Cooper's "Call Her Daddy" podcast that her desire was for the song to be an anthem that normalized pansexuality and provided visibility for those living in fear of rejection over their authentic selves. Cyrus described the song as a "reflection of everyone kind of having this personal kind of woke moment" during an interview on the Zach Sang Show, where she declared:I feel like a lot of us are waking up. And you know, the midnight sky, I think is kind of a road that feels like it could be nice to take with our head up in the clouds. You know, I feel like right now in society, we don't want to live with our heads in the clouds. But I think in time that's maybe why I've created worlds like this. Because this is kind of my idea of living with my head in the clouds of my own kind of fantasy and the world I wanna create. So I think that it's a cool message, to tell people to create the environment and the world that you wanna live in and I think that's happening on a very political level right now. But also we can do it especially in this quarantine time, in these intimate spaces of our home that we have a place that feels like we've created our own environment, our own head in the clouds, so this is mine.Singing about the idea of forever being no more in the track, Cyrus explained that she wanted to capture the idea of personal growth. "I think we're kind of set up for devastation — in that, from the time we're little kids, we're taught to claim other humans as our best friends forever. And you just don't know who you're going to be sitting with here right now. You never know who you're going to evolve to be and who they're going to evolve to be," she said to SiriusXM Hits1.


title: Midnight Sky

text: Cyrus opens the song with the declaration that "it's been a long time since I felt this good on my own" and she later sings "I don't need to be loved by you", the moment is a personal one, exploring independence in the wake of her divorce from Liam Hemsworth. As she told Zane Lowe in an Apple Music interview, some of "Midnight Sky" stemmed from a personal desire to be the one to tell her story, since looking back, she explained that it often felt as if the press were the ones to tell her story. With the release of the song, Cyrus wanted to speak directly to her fans, and to have more control over an identity that's been shaped by a lifetime in the public eye.


title: Midnight Sky

text: “Midnight Sky” received universal acclaim from music critics. Brittany Spanos of "Rolling Stone" praised the song saying that "the 27-year-old Disney darling-turned-pop provocateur has returned with yet another bold reinvention, looking to the raw arena rock vocals and the pristinely glossy production of the era for her new single". The writer also pointed that Cyrus channeled Stevie Nicks at her solo 80s peak, calling the track a "Stand Back" 2.0, and added that it is "a Prince-esque come hither full of biting, bewitching heartbreak confidence that Nicks invented". Nina Corcoran of "Consequence of Sound" described it as a "flashy synthpop number" stating that is "arguably sleeker than anything Cyrus has released before".


title: Midnight Sky

text: Alex Gallagher of "NME" described "Midnight Sky" as an "assertive disco-tinged bop". Gallagher praised the song's lyrics for "Cyrus asserting [her] control and independence," adding that the song's chorus was "rousing." Similarly, Michael Cragg of "The Guardian" called the song a "disco-tinged, post-divorce banger", commenting that it "sounds suitably refreshed after the double-meh of 2017's country singer rebirth and last year's, erm, 'Cattitude', 'Midnight Sky' is everything all that wasn't: impassioned, energised and delivered by someone brave enough to sport a platinum-blonde mullet". Mike Wass of "Idolator" described it as a "dreamy disco anthem"; he praised the personal lyrics stating that "the first taste of MC7 is a deeply autobiographical account of the pop star's emotional journey post-divorce".


title: Midnight Sky

text: "The New York Times" pop critics ranked "Midnight Sky" as one of the week's most notable releases in their weekly updated column "The Playlist", where Lindsay Zoladz highlighted that "Cyrus's punchy, muscular alto is the true center of this song's power". "Entertainment Weekly"s music team also ranked the track as one of the best songs of the week in their weekly column "Friday Five" and Marcus Jones commented: "the single lets her still be the rock star she's branded herself over the last five years while catering to those who first embraced her during the "Hannah Montana" era". Claire Dodson of "Teen Vogue" included "Midnight Sky" in the magazine's selection of the week's best new tunes, stating that "Cyrus' musical journey continues to twist and turn, but her rebellious sensibilities (and recent '80s Joan Jett-esque haircut) are perfectly at home on 'Midnight Sky' an electro-dance track about not belonging to anyone".


title: Midnight Sky

text: In the United States, "Midnight Sky" debuted at number 14 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming Cyrus' 15th top-20 hit in the country and 50th entry on the chart, making her one of the artists with most Hot 100 entries. The song also became her best solo debut on the chart since "Malibu", which peaked at number ten in 2017, although in the meantime Cyrus had also reached number 13 with "Don't Call Me Angel", along with Ariana Grande and Lana Del Rey. In its first week "Midnight Sky" was the 20th most heard song in the United States in streaming and the third most downloaded legally. The single debuted at number three on "Billboard" Hot Digital Songs chart after only Cardi B's "WAP" with Megan Thee Stallion and Morgan Wallen's "7 Summers", another release of the week.


title: Midnight Sky

text: In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart for the issue dated August 21, 2020 and reached number seven in its seventh week there, becoming Cyrus' sixth top-ten hit in the country. In its tenth week, it reached a new peak of number five. The song is also the longest-running number-one single on UK radio in 2020, with six weeks so far, and on iTunes, with 29 days atop the chart. Thus, "Midnight Sky" became United Kingdom's biggest song by a female artist of 2020 and second overall, according to "The Official Big Top 40" making it Cyrus' second year on a roll having the biggest female song of the year in the country, following "Nothing Breaks Like a Heart" in 2019. The song was also the 11th best-selling single in pure sales of 2020 on the UK Singles Chart. On June 20, 2022, PPL reported that "Midnight Sky" was United Kingdom's 9th most played track in 2021 and also the only solo song by a female artist in the top 10.


title: Midnight Sky

text: "Midnight Sky" also debuted at number 16 in Australia, later peaking at number seven, number eight in Canada and number one in Scotland.


title: Midnight Sky

text: On November 6, 2020, Cyrus released a remix of "Midnight Sky" featuring Stevie Nicks titled "Edge of Midnight". The song is a mashup of "Midnight Sky" and Stevie Nicks's own 1982 single "Edge of Seventeen". Nicks lends her own vocals in this version, singing the chorus of "Midnight Sky", while Cyrus does the same singing "just like the white winged dove" from Nicks's "Edge of Seventeen". The remix has a unique cover featuring both Nicks and Cyrus.


title: Midnight Sky

text: An accompanying, self-directed music video for "Midnight Sky" was released on August 14, 2020. It features Cyrus in various settings, such as a room with mirrors, a "colorful" gumball pit and a neon disco setting with streamers and Technicolor statues of jungle animals, while wearing a mullet, glittery makeup, black Chanel bodysuit, Swarovski gem-covered black gloves. In a mini-doc about the making of the video, Cyrus is detailed in her references, calling upon Pat Benatar and David Bowie as visual inspirations. She's even more specific and studied when she talks about the acid-trip theme of the video: "You went to a Blondie show at CBGB with a hit of acid for later [in tow], head to an afterparty at Indochine, and pop the tab when you know you'll be at Studio 54," she says.


title: Midnight Sky

text: According to Lauren Valenti of "Vogue", the music video shows Cyrus ushering in a new aesthetic era that harks back to the glamour and rebellion of the late 1970s. "It's a dizzying display of self-expression all Cyrus's own, though she did work off the right blueprints, drawing inspiration for her sparkling short from her female rock icons Joan Jett, Debbie Harry, and Stevie Nicks" pointed Valenti.


title: Midnight Sky

text: In an interview with Apple Music, Cyrus explained she was in fact creating the music video for another song when the "Midnight Sky" song idea came out to her, along the music video concept:


title: Midnight Sky

text: In a radio interview with Chris Kelly for Toronto's KiSS 92.5, Cyrus said the bubble gum in the video represents "[her] being lost in the bubblegum pop scene" and the disco ball reflected that "it's this kind of broken pieces that were put back together to make something whole again".


title: Midnight Sky

text: Cyrus performed "Midnight Sky" for the first time at the 2020 MTV Video Music Awards on August 30, where she swung on a disco ball, in reference to her 2013 song, "Wrecking Ball". The next day, she performed the song on "Live Lounge". On September 10, she performed the song at "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon". Ten days later she performed the song on iHeartRadio Music Festival 2020. On October 9, she performed "Midnight Sky" on "The Graham Norton Show" amongst "a million Mileys". On October 16, Cyrus performed the song on her "MTV Unplugged: Backyard Sessions" special. She performed the song at Save Our Stages, the event was held on October 20, 2020. She performed again in Amazon Music Holiday Plays digital concert series on December 1. Later she performed the remix version of Midnight Sky, "Edge of Midnight" for the first time on "The Howard Stern Show". Cyrus again performed the "Edge of Midnight" along with "Party in the U.S.A." and "Prisoner" on "Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest" in Times Square on December 31.


title: Midnight Sky

text: Cyrus performed "Edge of Midnight" along with several songs of "Plastic Hearts" at the 2021 Super Bowl with TikTok Tailgate.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: Club Atlético de San Luis, commonly known as Atlético San Luis, is a Mexican professional football club based in San Luis Potosí, replacing San Luis Potosí's Liga MX team San Luis FC after its relocation. San Luis was promoted to Liga MX in 2019.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: After the Clausura 2013 season, San Luis F.C., San Luis Potosí's first division franchise, relocated to Tuxtla Gutiérrez and became Chiapas F.C., leaving the city without a first division team. Jacobo Payán, owner of Estadio Alfonso Lastras and one of the largest employers of this state, acquired Tiburones Rojos de Veracruz from Ascenso MX and relocated it to the city. This sale happened after La Piedad, who recently won promotion, relocated to Veracruz.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: Albeit the identity confusion, Atlético is essentially a resurrection of San Luis Fútbol Club geographically and aesthetically speaking. This is clearly reflected in the new shield that keeps the traditional blue and gold colors of the State of San Luis Potosí, although in darker hues.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: The Apertura 2013 was their first tournament in the Ascenso MX, in which they gained access to their first league play, finishing seventh place in the overall standings, later to be eliminated by Club Necaxa in the quarterfinals. The first leg was held at the Estadio Alfonso Lastras Ramírez with a score of 2–0 in favor of Necaxa set, and back at the Victoria Stadium (Aguascalientes) with a score of 2–0 in favor of Necaxa, and so Atletico San Luis was eliminated 4–0 on aggregate.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: The Jaguares de Chiapas franchise nearly moved back to San Luis Potosí in time for the 2016–17 Liga MX season however the deal fell through causing San Luis to be unable to register for the Ascenso nor the top-tier league. The 2016–17 season ended up being a season without football for the city of San Luis Potosí.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: On 16 March 2017 Atlético Madrid announced a 50% ownership of the club along with the state of San Luis and other minority owners. The goal was for Atlético Madrid to carry their club talents to San Luis. The club was expected to compete in the Ascenso MX for the 2017–18 season. Manager Salvador Reyes Jr. intends on relying on prospects from Atletico Madrid's academy to supplement his roster for the 2017–2018 campaign.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: On 5 May 2019 Atlético San Luis beat rivals Dorados de Sinaloa for the second consecutive time in a tournament final, thus promoting them to the first division of Mexican football.


title: Atlético San Luis

text: Atlético San Luis play their home matches at the Estadio Alfonso Lastras in San Luis Potosí City, San Luis Potosí. The stadium capacity is 25,709 people. It is owned by Jacobo Payán Latuff, and its surface is covered by natural grass. The stadium was opened in May 1999.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: The AgustaWestland AW189 is a twin-engined, super-medium-lift helicopter manufactured by Leonardo S.p.A. It is derived from the AW149, and shares similarities with the AW139 and AW169.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: On 20 June 2011, development of the eight-tonne twin-engine AW189 was formally announced by AgustaWestland at the Paris International Air Show; at the time, the company planned to have the new rotorcraft certified by 2013 and in service in 2014. The AW189 is a civil-orientated version of the military AW149, which in turn is an enlarged development of the AW139; in 2011, AgustaWestland CEO Bruno Spagnolini stated that: "The AW139 and the AW189 are two very different aircraft but they both share the same general concept in architecture". AgustaWestland stated it aimed to sell the AW189 for offshore helicopter support, search and rescue (SAR), and passenger transport roles.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: On 21 December 2011, the first AW189 conducted its maiden flight from AgustaWestland's facility in Cascina Costa, Italy. During the flight test program, six AW189s were used, these were four prototypes and a pair of pre-production aircraft. The pre-production aircraft were used to develop mission kits and configurations for offshore and SAR roles, enabling these to be immediately certified and available for customer selection. In August 2013, the fifth prototype was dispatched to the UK, so that AgustaWestland's UK branch could begin work on certifying the type for SAR operations. In June 2013, AgustaWestland announced that the AW189 had entered full-scale production.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In October 2013, the first production model performed its first flight; at the same time, work was proceeding on setting up a second production line for the type at AgustaWestland's center in Yeovil, United Kingdom. In February 2014, the AW189 received type certification from the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA); the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued its certification for the type in March 2015. In August 2015, civil certification for the AW189 was issued by the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC).


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In June 2015, it was reported that slow development of the ice-protection systems that to be offered upon the AW189 had delayed the introduction of Bristow Helicopters UK-based SAR operations using the type, at the time being in a state of "operational evaluation". In September 2015, AgustaWestland announced that EASA certification of the AW189's limited ice protection system had been granted, and stated that the rotorcraft was the first in its category to receive such certification. In autumn 2015, AgustaWestland conducted icing trials in Alaska to provide flight within full icing conditions certification as part of efforts to qualify the type for the SAR role; validation of the full-ice protection system was scheduled for mid-2016.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In October 2017 Leonardo announced the development of the AW189K variant, powered by two 2500 hp Aneto-1K turboshafts produced by Safran Helicopter Engines. EASA certification for the AW189K was initially expected in late 2018 this was eventually achieved in June 2020; hot and high operations would benefit from the additional 500shp (370 kW) per engine and the Aneto's specific fuel consumption was planned to be 10% lower than the replaced CT7s. Gulf Helicopters was the launch customer of the AW189K.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: The AW189 is a medium-sized twin-engined helicopter with a five-bladed fully articulated main rotor, a four-bladed tail rotor and a retractable tricycle landing gear. It is powered by two General Electric CT7-2E1 turboshaft engines. AgustaWestland refer to the AW189 as being a "super-medium class" helicopter, emphasizing its suitability for long-range operations. During development, the AW189 was designed to comply with the latest international regulatory safety requirements EASA/FAA Part 29, JAR OPS 3/EU-OPS. Of particular importance to the type's use for offshore operations, such as search and rescue and services to the oil and gas industries, the main gearbox has been designed to provide for a 50-minute run-dry capacity, in excess of requirements and a unique feature to the AW189. Aspects of the AW189 are deliberately similar to the AW139 and AW169; these helicopters share similar flight performance characteristics, safety features, and design philosophies. Areas of the aircraft's operation, such as maintenance and the layout of the cockpit, also continue this concept, which reportedly makes operations more cost effective.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: The cockpit features high levels of external visibility and advanced situational awareness technologies, and is designed to reduce crew workload and enhance safety. Avionics on the AW189 are fully integrated and include four color LCD panels, a four-axis dual-duplex digital automatic flight control system, autopilot, search/weather radar, cockpit voice recorder, flight data recorder, night vision goggle-compatibility, health and usage monitoring system, moving map system, SATCOM, synthetic vision system, emergency locator system, helicopter terrain avoidance system (HTAWS), traffic collision avoidance system II (TCAS II), direction finder, forward looking infrared (FLIR) camera, and VHF/UHF radio. The avionics were designed to use an open architecture, making customer-specified upgrades and additions easier and enabling additional options.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: Dependent on the configuration, the AW189's cabin can accommodate up to 19 passengers and two crew members on crashworthy seats. According to AgustaWestland, the AW189 possesses the largest cabin in its class, which is accessed via large sliding doors on either side of the fuselage; a separate externally accessed baggage compartment is also present. The interior is customised to the mission role being undertaken; these include a self-contained emergency medical service (EMS) layout, passenger configurations (with in-flight entertainment systems offered), mission consoles for SAR and law enforcement operations, and an optional dividing wall between the cockpit and main cabin may also be installed. Under certain conditions and limitations, the rotorcraft can be flown by a single pilot. Various pieces of optional equipment can be installed upon the AW189, including fast roping kits, external electric hoist, cargo hook, air conditioning, auxiliary fuel tanks, mission console, emergency flotation system (certified up to Sea State 6), external life rafts, emergency lighting, external search light, main cabin bubble windows, wire strike protection system, de-icing systems providing multiple levels of protection.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In July 2013, AgustaWestland reported that they had received over 80 orders and options placed for the AW189. By March 2015, there were roughly 150 orders for the AW189.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: On 7 January 2015, AgustaWestland announced that it had concluded a deal to supply 160 AW189s to the Russian oil company Rosneft by 2025. These helicopters will be produced by HeliVert, a joint venture between Finmeccanica-AgustaWestland and Russian Helicopters (a subsidiary of the corporation Rostec). Under the terms of the agreement made in 2015, HeliVert shall be responsible for final assembly of AW189s destined for the Russian and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) nations at its Tomilino plant near Moscow, the firm shall also receive an exclusive licence to market and manufacture the AW189 throughout the Russian and CIS market.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In August 2013, UK-based Bristow Helicopters began promoting the AW189 to their offshore clients; Bristow intends to replace their Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma fleet with the AW189. On 21 July 2014, Bristow, who served as the launch customer for the AW189, performed their first commercial flight of the type. Bristow is to procure 11 SAR-configured AW189s as part of an 11-year contract under which Bristow is to take over SAR operations in the United Kingdom from the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force. On 19 January 2015, U.S. helicopter operator AAR Airlift and partner British International Helicopters (BIH) were granted a £180 million ($275 million) 10-year contract, beginning in April 2016, to support UK defence ministry operations in the Falkland Islands. Two AW189s will conduct SAR duties on behalf of British Forces garrisoned at Mount Pleasant Airfield on the South Atlantic islands, replacing RAF Sea Kings that will be retired at the end of March 2016.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: In July 2014, Asia-Pacific launch customer Weststar Aviation received its first AW189 in a ceremony at the Farnborough Airshow in Hampshire, England. In November 2014, Middle Eastern launch customer Gulf Helicopters formally launched their first batch of AW189s into operational service. In October 2014, Lease Corporation International (LCI) became the first aircraft lessor to take delivery of the AW189.


title: AgustaWestland AW189

text: After the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau ordered two AW189 in November 2021, the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China order six AW189 for its Rescue and Salvage Bureau in March 2022, the six AW189 are expected to be delivered by 2023. At March 2022, there are 73 AW189s in service globally.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Presidential elections were held in Turkey on 24 June 2018 as part of the 2018 general election, alongside parliamentary elections on the same day. They were the first direct presidential elections, following constitutional amendments approved in a 2017 referendum, which also resulted in the abolition of the office of Prime Minister. Previously, presidents had been elected by parliament.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The elections were originally scheduled for November 2019. Despite insistence from the government that they would not be brought forward, speculation over an early vote continued after the referendum. After calls from Nationalist Movement Party leader Devlet Bahçeli for a snap election, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced on 18 April 2018 that elections would take place on 24 June,


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Incumbent President Erdoğan declared his candidacy for the People's Alliance on 27 April 2018. The main opposition, the Republican People's Party, nominated Muharrem İnce, a member of parliament known for his combative opposition and spirited speeches against Erdoğan. The Peoples' Democratic Party nominated Selahattin Demirtaş, its imprisoned former chairman that us imprisoned. Besides these candidates, Meral Akşener, the founder and leader of İyi Party, Temel Karamollaoğlu, the leader of the Felicity Party and Doğu Perinçek, the leader of the Patriotic Party, announced their candidacies and collected the 100,000 signatures required to stand.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Campaigning centred mainly on the faltering economy and the currency and debt crisis, with both government and opposition commentators warning of a more serious economic crisis following the elections. The 2018 Gaza border protests, following the United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel, along with the Turkish military operation in Afrin, also featured in the campaign.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The President of Turkey is directly elected through the two-round system, under which a candidate must obtain at least 50%+1 of the popular vote in order to be elected. If no candidate secures an overall majority outright, then a runoff is held between the two most voted-for candidates from the first round, the winner of which is then declared elected. The first direct election to the Turkish presidency was held in 2014, after a referendum in 2007 abolished the previous system under which the head of state was elected by the legislature, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The President of Turkey is subject to term limits, and may serve at most two consecutive five-year terms.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Prospective presidential candidates must be at least 40 years old and must have completed higher education. Any political party that has won 5% of the vote in the previous parliamentary election can put forward a candidate, although parties that have not met this threshold can form alliances and field joint candidates as long as their total vote share exceeds 5%. Independents can run if they collect 100,000 signatures from the electorate. An estimate released in July 2017 predicted that collecting 100,000 signatures to stand for election could exceed ₺15 million (US$4.2 million) in costs, if each individual signature would require certification by a notary. However, the Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey (YSK) announced that signature collection would occur between 4 and 9 May, with voters having to submit their nominations at their local electoral council branch.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Based on the results of the previous general election in November 2015, only the Justice and Development Party (AKP), Republican People's Party (CHP), Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) are eligible to field candidates for the presidential election. The remaining parties combined received under 3% of the vote and are thus unable to field either a joint candidate or a candidate in their own right. In addition to past election results, parties which have a parliamentary group can nominate a candidate. Thus, the newly formed İyi Party was also eligible to nominate their candidate, as 15 CHP members of parliament had defected to them with the intention of allowing the party to form a parliamentary group. However, İyi Party leader and presidential candidates Meral Akşener insisted on being nominated by collecting signatures rather than through parliament.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: In the run-up to the election, various parties underwent a candidate selection process to nominate presidential candidates.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Serving president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was widely seen as the undisputed candidate of the People's Alliance, an alliance set up by the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the far-right Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). This was confirmed by MHP leader Devlet Bahçeli on 21 April 2018. The AKP parliamentary group voted unanimously to nominate Erdoğan on 3 May.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) began a wide search for a candidate, with several rumours that the party was content with supporting a cross-party candidate that was not necessarily in line with the party's values as part of an election alliance. CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu subsequently conducted several meetings with the leaders of the Felicity Party and the İyi Party. Former President Abdullah Gül was mentioned as a cross-party option, allegedly receiving the support of senior officials, but was disbanded following heavy opposition from the lower ranks and voters. Gül eventually announced that he would not stand, citing the lack of cross-party consensus. Despite ruling it out several times, party leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu was frequently mentioned as a potential candidate, along with Yılmaz Büyükerşen, İlhan Kesici, Muharrem İnce and Mehmet Haberal. Certain MPs, such as Öztürk Yılmaz and Didem Engin also publicly declared their interest. On 26 April, CHP MP Özgür Özel, himself seen as a potential candidate, announced that their nominee would be one who would make the AKP 'crazy' the most. On 4 May, Yalova MP Muharrem İnce was declared the party's candidate.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The HDP nominated Selahattin Demirtaş, their former leader who was also the HDP's candidate in 2014, on 4 May. It was reported that the party executive had broadly agreed on Demirtaş earlier, raising concern that his preventative detention since 2016 could potentially bar him from running. Originally due in court on 11 April, Demirtaş's trial for charges of 'spreading terrorist propaganda' was delayed to 30 April, and then again to 8 June. His candidacy was announced as a part of a 'broad coalition of Kurdish and left-wing parties'. His lawyers and HDP officials claimed that his detention wouldn't affect his candidacy. In his first message after announcing his candidacy, he called on his supporters to be his 'hands and arms' during the campaign.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Upon announcing the İyi Party's establishment on 25 October 2017, party leader Meral Akşener announced that she would be a candidate in the presidential election. She reaffirmed her candidacy on 18 April 2018, shortly after the election was called. The party subsequently received pressure from the CHP and the Felicity Party (SP) to enter a joint alliance and support a cross-party candidate, with the SP supporting Abdullah Gül. Akşener refused to withdraw her candidacy, with the party's General Administration Council voting unanimously to nominate her as their party candidate on 24 April 2018.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: In the run-up to the election, SP leader Temel Karamollaoğlu managed to carry his party to the mainstream media following a number of speeches where he heavily criticised the government. This led to the SP being regarded as a potential kingmaker in future alliances, causing several larger parties to approach Karamollaoğlu in a bid to field a joint candidate. Although this led to the Nation Alliance being established between the SP, CHP and the İyi Party, no consensus was reached on a joint presidential candidate and each party decided to nominate their own. The SP polled their members on four potential candidates, namely Karamollaoğlu, Abdullah Gül, Haşim Kılıç and Abdüllatif Şener. Karamollaoğlu was announced as the party's candidate on 1 May.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The left-wing Patriotic Party declared their leader Doğu Perinçek as their candidate. As part of a triple alliance of small centre-right parties consisting of the Motherland Party (ANAP), the True Path Party (DYP) and the Justice Party (AP), the AP's leader Vecdet Öz was nominated as a joint candidate. As independents, journalist Levent Gültekin and Tuna Bekleviç declared their intentions to run.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The Constitution of Turkey, amended following the 2017 constitutional referendum, allows any party with a parliamentary group (at least 20 MPs) to nominate a presidential candidate. This meant that the AKP, CHP, HDP, MHP and technically the İyi Party were eligible to automatically nominate candidates through parliament. Meral Akşener, the İyi Party's leader and presidential candidate, opted to be nominated through signatures instead. The MHP, as part of the People's Alliance, did not field a candidate and announced support for the AKP candidate Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The CHP formally nominated Muharrem İnce and the HDP nominated Selahattin Demirtaş. The remaining candidates were required to collect at least 100,000 signatures.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Voters were able to give signatures to their preferred presidential candidate between 4 May and 9 May at their local electoral council branch. They were only permitted to nominate one candidate. The number of signatures needed to formally become a candidate was 100,000. Seven candidates applied to the YSK to seek nomination by signatures, with three applications being rejected due to insufficient paperwork. As a result, the remaining four successful applicants were as follows.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Voters abroad were not eligible to give signatures, prompting Perinçek to appeal to the Constitutional Court, arguing that the YSK had violated the rights of Turkish citizens abroad. Overseas citizens were, however, allowed to send a signed declaration by post to their local electoral council in Turkey. Only 72 overseas citizens did so, with 17 signing for Akşener, 18 signing for Karamollaoğlu, 35 signing for Perinçek and no signatures for Öz.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, incumbent President of Turkey since 2014, was officially nominated as the presidential candidate of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) on 3 May 2018. Shortly thereafter, the nominally oppositional Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) reiterated that it would endorse Erdoğan's candidacy, and would jointly apply to the electoral commission for its formal registration. In early May, it was confirmed by Erdoğan that he would be visiting the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo in the early stages of the campaign, most likely on 20 May 2018, and hold campaign rallies with the Bosnian Turks to drum up support for his re-election bid.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Muharrem İnce, a member of parliament for Yalova, was announced as the presidential candidate of the Republican People's Party (CHP) on 3 May 2018. On the following day, 4 May, party leader Kemal Kilicdaroglu formally proclaimed the CHP's support for İnce. Shortly thereafter, the CHP began preparations for the campaign season, launching the production of campaign material and merchandise. It was revealed in early May that İnce's campaign would adopt the slogan ""Türkiye'ye güvence Muharrem İnce"", roughly translating to "Muharrem İnce, an assurance to Turkey", and that it would be kicked off with an election rally in his home city of Yalova on 5 May.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Selahattin Demirtaş was officially announced as the candidate of the People's Democratic Party (HDP) on 4 May 2018, after members of the party had hinted at his candidacy weeks in advance. Party leader Pervin Buldan declared that Demirtaş, a jailed former co-chair of the HDP, would be leading a five-party "Kurdish alliance" into the general election.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Meral Akşener was nominated as the candidate of the İyi Party on 4 May 2018, after she had successfully collected the 100,000 signatures required for minor party candidates to gain ballot access. Reportedly, she passed this threshold less than four hours after having launched her signature collection campaign.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Temel Karamollaoğlu was nominated as the candidate of the Felicity Party (SP) on 6 May 2018, after he had successfully collected the 100,000 signatures required for minor party candidates to gain ballot access. Karamollaoğlu's campaign adopted the slogan ""Türkiye'ye bilge başkan"" ("A wise leader for Turkey").


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Doğu Perinçek was nominated as the candidate of the VATAN Party on 9 May 2018, after he had successfully collected the 100,000 signatures required for minor party candidates to gain ballot access.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: On 20 July 2016, five days after an attempted coup, the government declared a state of emergency "(Turkish: Olağanüstü Hal, OHAL)", allowing ministers to rule the country by decree, bypassing parliament and limiting certain civil freedoms. The government have frequently been criticised for violating the constitutional limits of a state of emergency, using it as an excuse for governing without any political opposition. Since 2016, the state of emergency has been extended for the sixth time, with parliament voting to extend it by a further three months on 18 January 2018. The extension led to speculation that the election would occur under state of emergency conditions, similar to the 2017 constitutional referendum.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Heather Nauert, the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State and acting Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, issued a statement on 20 April citing 'concern' for whether free and fair elections would be possible under a state of emergency. On 24 April, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) issued a statement calling for the elections to be delayed, declaring that they would not meet European standards or be held in a democratic manner. Prince Zeid bin Ra'ad, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, also issued a statement calling for the state of emergency to end in order to guarantee credible elections.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The calls to end the state of emergency were criticised by the Turkish government and loyal members of parliament, who called the PACE declaration 'politicised, unfair, unjust and beyond the limits'. Prime minister Binali Yıldırım criticised PACE for being 'non-credible' due to it having invited Democratic Union Party (PYD) chairman Salih Muslim, who is regarded as a terrorist leader by Turkey, to give a speech. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs declared Nauert's statements about a forthcoming election 'unacceptable'.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Following his nomination as the CHP's presidential candidate on 4 May, Muharrem İnce began his campaign with a rally in his hometown of Yalova. It was noted that only pro-opposition TV channels such as Halk TV were covering the event, with the state broadcaster TRT notably absent. In his next rally at Balıkesir, İnce declared that if TRT were to continue not broadcasting opposition campaigns, he would march to the TRT headquarters with the CHP's 130 MPs and conduct his next rally in front of them.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: A similar situation was observed during the İyi Party's first extraordinary congress on 1 April, which was only covered by Halk TV. In response, party leader Meral Akşener claimed that she had not embarked on her campaign with any expectations from 'the government's media'. The party subsequently sent the TRT photos from the congress, an abacus and a calculator as a 'present', so that they could count how many people attended the event.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: On 7 May, a group armed with knives and clubs consisting of allegedly 50 to 60 people approached an İyi Party election stand in Bağcılar, İstanbul, wounding 8 people with one in critical condition. The group allegedly consisted of rival Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) campaigners, many of which had reportedly been suspended from the party for past violent activity. A total of 8 people were arrested following the attack, with six being released and two being charged afterwards.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: On 8 May, the house of İyi Party founding member Mehmet Aslan in Beykoz, İstanbul was shot at by unknown assailants. Aslan was not in the building at the time.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: On 26 May, a group of Felicity Party and Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) activists engaged in a brawl in Ankara following a dispute over hanging up party flags. Clubs were used by MHP activists, injuring 7 Felicity Party activists with two in serious condition. Felicity Party MP candidate for Ankara, Mehmet Fethi Öztürk, was among the two seriously injured. Gunshots were also reported, which were blamed on Öztürk and led to his arrest while in hospital.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: The Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey (YSK) had devised a system to collect signatures for voters to nominate candidates, with the process taking place between 4 and 9 May. On 8 May, Patriotic Party leader Doğu Perinçek, who by that time was close to reaching the 100,000 signatures needed for nomination, criticised the system for irregularities. Perinçek claimed that the system has crashed throughout 8 May, affecting people who wanted to give signatures, criticising the government for incompetence. The crashes in the system caused doubt about whether Perinçek would reach the required 100,000 signatures by the 9 May deadline. Regardless, Perinçek managed to surpass 100,000 signatures by noon on 9 May.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: During a leaked speech of a private meeting with AKP officials, Erdoğan ordered them to go in a great number as official representatives in voting locations to seize control of the ballot boxes, ensuring that the "work there would be finished before it even started". He also ordered them to target HDP voters with the help of AKP local officials who he assured them would be in possession of voters lists to help with their "special work". This would be done in order to prevent HDP crossing the 10% electoral threshold, which would greatly help the AKP and prevent a repeat of the "7 June experience", when the AKP lost its parliamentary majority in an upset defeat.


title: 2018 Turkish presidential election

text: Opinion polls have been conducted to gauge voter intentions for the presidential election. Polls have generally shown a clear lead for Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, though with vote totals below his 2014 election victory where he was elected with 51.8% of the vote outright. Indicating that a second round will most likely take place, the polls indicate that there is competition between Muharrem İnce and Meral Akşener over who will proceed to the run-off and face Erdoğan. Emboldened vote shares indicate percentages above 50%, indicating outright first round victory.


title: Dirty Honey

text: Dirty Honey is an American rock band from Los Angeles, formed in 2017. It consists of singer Marc LaBelle, guitarist John Notto, bassist Justin Smolian, and drummer Corey Coverstone.


title: Dirty Honey

text: Their self-titled extended play was self-released in March 2019. The single "When I'm Gone" topped the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Songs chart, making them the first unsigned band to ever do so. Dirty Honey is an iHeartRadio On The Verge Artist.


title: Dirty Honey

text: After moving to Los Angeles in an attempt to duplicate the success of Guns N' Roses, guitarist John Notto met vocalist Marc LaBelle while he was playing various gigs with his then group, Ground Zero, which Notto became a part of. Ground Zero played a mix of covers and original songs written by LaBelle. LaBelle and Notto decided to independently form their own band when Notto recruited a new Ground Zero bassist, Justin Smolian. When the trio had trouble finding a drummer, Smolian brought in Corey Coverstone, who enthusiastically asked to join. After Coverstone joined, the group decided to officially go by the name "Dirty Honey." Until then, the band was called The Shags. The group became official in 2017 after they performed their second show on the sidewalk of Sunset Boulevard in front of about 100 people.


title: Dirty Honey

text: LaBelle came up with the band's name after hearing Robert Plant mention his band The Honeydrippers in a Howard Stern interview and thought it sounded like a "dirty" rock and roll name.


title: Dirty Honey

text: After hearing their song "When I'm Gone", the band's longtime friend Mark DiDia, a music industry veteran from Columbia Records, became their manager. He quickly arranged opening gigs for Slash in 2018 and 2019 (with various shows featuring Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators). The song was also #1 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Songs airplay chart making them the first unsigned band in history to achieve that feat.


title: Dirty Honey

text: The band traveled to Australia to record their self-titled extended play with producer Nick DiDia. It was self-released on March 22, 2019. Eight hours later, the members were contacted by friends and family telling them their music was being played on the radio.


title: Dirty Honey

text: Dirty Honey toured in 2019 with Goodbye June as the opening act for Red Sun Rising on their Peel Tour. On May 7, the band opened for The Who at the Van Andel Arena in Grand Rapids, Michigan as part of their Moving On! Tour. Dirty Honey opened for Skillet and Alter Bridge on their Victorious Sky Tour from September 22 to October 25. They also supported Guns N' Roses on their Not in This Lifetime Tour on November 1 and 2 in Las Vegas.


title: Dirty Honey

text: Originally planning a return to Australia to record their self-titled debut album in March 2020, flight restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced them to relocate to Henson Studios in Hollywood, California, with producer Nick DiDia virtually supervising them, along with the complete scrapping of the music video for the track "Heartbreaker" from their previous EP. The album was released April 23, 2021. It was elected by "Loudwire" as the 30th best rock/metal album of 2021.


title: Dirty Honey

text: In 2021, Dirty Honey toured in support of their debut album on the California Dreamin' tour with opening act Joyous Wolf, as well as opening for The Black Crowes on their Shake Your Money Maker tour. On January 1, 2022, they released a cover of the Prince song "Let's Go Crazy", which they performed for the 2022 NHL Winter Classic.


title: Dirty Honey

text: Dirty Honey co-headlined the Young Guns Tour with Mammoth WVH in 2022. They embarked on their first European tour in summer 2022, which included shows opening for Guns N' Roses, Kiss, and Rival Sons. They are set to go on a North American tour, also titled the California Dreamin' Tour, in fall 2022 with supporting acts Dorothy and Mac Saturn.


title: Sarlacc

text: The sarlacc (plural sarlacci) is a fictional creature in George Lucas's sci-fi action saga "Star Wars". It first appeared in the film "Return of the Jedi" (1983) as a multi-tentacled alien beast whose immense, gaping maw is lined with several rows of sharp teeth, inhabiting the Great Pit of Carkoon, a hollow in the sand of the desert planet Tatooine. After bounty hunter Boba Fett escapes from its maw in "Chapter 1: Stranger in a Strange Land" of "The Book of Boba Fett" (2022) and eventually returns to retrieve his armour, the sarlacc is killed by his partner Fennec Shand in "Chapter 4: The Gathering Storm".


title: Sarlacc

text: In the original "Return of the Jedi", the sarlacc is depicted as a barbed gaping mouth in the desert sand with tentacles. The 1997 Special Edition of the film added computer-generated tentacles and a beak to the mouth, which has remained its canonical depiction since. Besides "Return of the Jedi", the creature and others like it are featured in "Star Wars" literature.


title: Sarlacc

text: Like other aspects of "Star Wars", the sarlacc became a part of popular culture. The creature was incorporated into the merchandising campaign that accompanied the release of "Return of the Jedi". It is the subject of analysis and humor in works of literature unassociated with "Star Wars".


title: Sarlacc

text: The sarlacc first appeared in the 1983 film "Return of the Jedi", wherein Jabba the Hutt attempts to drop Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, and Chewbacca into the creature's mouth; but Luke frees himself and the others with the aid of Lando Calrissian and R2-D2, while Princess Leia strangles Jabba.


title: Sarlacc

text: According to the "Star Wars" Databank, the sarlacci inhabit remote, inhospitable locations in the galaxy, but defy taxonomic classification, in so far as most texts claim that the sarlacc is an arthropod (as in "The Essential Guide to Alien Species" and "The Wildlife of Star Wars"), while its anchored root system and spore-based method of reproduction suggest a plant origin. A sarlacc reproduces by releasing spores through outer space, which arrive on a planet or asteroid, and there excavate a pit to capture prey.


title: Sarlacc

text: Steve Sansweet's "Star Wars Encyclopedia" describes the sarlacc as an "omnivorous, multi-tentacled creature with needle-sharp teeth and a large beak". The sarlacc rests at the base of a giant pit where the entirety of its body is buried except for the gaping mouth, which may reach three meters (10 feet) in diameter. The sarlacc uses its four legs to anchor itself underground. Astrophysicist and science fiction author Jeanne Cavelos compares the sarlacc's hunting method to that of the antlion. The sarlacc's mouth also has similarities with that of the lamprey.


title: Sarlacc

text: Because most sarlacci inhabit isolated environments and rely on prey to stumble into their pit, they rarely feed; the digestive system dissolves prey into nutrients over a period of several thousand years. If no living prey is available, a sarlacc relies on its root system to absorb nutrients. One sarlacc located on an airless moon feeds on cometary material rich in oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen.


title: Sarlacc

text: The sarlacc's stomach is lined with vessels that attach themselves to a swallowed victim and maws for quick digestion or breaking apart large prey. The maws close when exposed to bright lights. The stomach also contains neurotoxins, which induce hallucinations in prey which "suggest that the sarlacc somehow absorbs the intelligence of all its victims, who live on in disembodied torment". A sarlacc can communicate with its victims through this stolen consciousness: In one "Star Wars" short story, an unnamed Jedi explains that "sarlacci do interesting things with messenger RNA: over the course of millennia, they can attain a sort of group consciousness, built out of the remains of people they've digested. I talked to such a sarlacc, once a few decades ago".


title: Sarlacc

text: In the anthology "Tales from Jabba's Palace" (1995), edited by Kevin J. Anderson, Dan'l Danehy Oakes's story "Shaara and the Sarlacc: The Skiff Guard's Tale" is told by one of Jabba the Hutt's soldiers, who tells Boba Fett that his sister Shaara and her Imperial stormtrooper captors were thrown into the pit, whereupon the sarlacc swallowed the stormtroopers, but expelled Shaara, for reasons unknown. In the short story "A Barve Like That: The Tale of Boba Fett", by Daniel Keys Moran under the pseudonym of J. D. Montgomery, Boba Fett struggles to free himself from the belly of the sarlacc. As Fett is digested, the creature converses with him mentally in the voice of an alien named Susejo, eaten by the sarlacc four thousand years earlier. Having caused his jet pack to explode, Fett uses a concussion grenade to blast himself free. Years later, Fett is recognized by the sarlacc upon approach.


title: Sarlacc

text: In the non-canonical Dark Horse comic book "Fortune, Fate, and the Natural History of the Sarlacc", written by Mark Schultz and illustrated by Kellie Strom, the sarlacc seen in "Return of the Jedi" is the offspring of an older sarlacc on Tatooine. Shortly after the execution of an unknown alien named Grubbat Fhilch, the sarlacc releases a spore that attaches to an Imperial stormtrooper's dewback. The stormtroopers hire a group of Jawa scavengers to clean the dewbacks, from which one jawa acquires the spore, and places it in a jar of water. The young sarlacc escapes from the jar only to be swallowed by a spider-like creature, which it consumes from within, and later forms the Great Pit of Carkoon.


title: Sarlacc

text: Sarlacci have made minor appearances in "Star Wars" video games such as "Super Star Wars" (1992), "" (1996), "" (2000), "" (2002), "" (2003), and "" (2004). The MMORPG "Star Wars Galaxies" (2003) shows one of the smaller sarlacci in the "Star Wars" galaxy on the remote planet Dathomir. It has also made an appearance in "", "", "", MMORPG "" and "" (2008), where a sarlacc much larger than the one on Tatooine is first an ally of a Jedi Knight, and later used as a base for the Empire (even building structures inside the creature itself). A duel is fought beside the sarlacc in this game between Starkiller and Shaak Ti, until Ti falls backwards into the sarlacc's open mouth. The "Rise Against the Empire" playset of "Disney Infinity 3.0" (2015) has the famous Sarlacc and Pit of Carkoon outside Tatooine, around which stand several Jawa, and the player can pick up a Jawa to throw in.


title: Sarlacc

text: In "Super Star Wars", the "Sarlacc Pit Monster" acts as a boss early into the game. It is depicted as a large, worm-like creature with tentacles, and shoots rocks at Luke.


title: Sarlacc

text: The first episode of "The Book of Boba Fett" shows a scene of the title character inside the sarlacc's innards, as he breathes from a dead stormtrooper's respirator and escapes from the pit by blasting through with his flamethrower. In episode four, The Gathering Storm, the sarlacc is killed by a seismic charge dropped by "Slave I".


title: Sarlacc

text: The design of the sarlacc creature—originally called the "Sloth Pit"—seen in "Return of the Jedi" evolved during the concept, creation, and filming processes. Early concept sketches portrayed a creature with several moving tentacles and a pronounced beak; but "Star Wars" creator George Lucas, did not have the technology or financial resources to realize this concept in the 1983 film.


title: Sarlacc

text: Special effects artists Stuart Freeborn, Phil Tippett, and the crew of Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) constructed a pit in the desert sands of Yuma, Arizona, that contained a gaping mouth with jagged teeth and tentacles. At the time, the pit (with Jabba the Hutt's sail barge) constituted one of the largest motion picture sets ever constructed. A hydraulic system was designed to animate the creature, but the blowing sand clogged the mechanism. The film crew instead used poles and wires to move the creature's tentacles. Lucas was not satisfied with the effect, complaining, "There was nothing alive about the whole thing."


title: Sarlacc

text: Working on the giant set was an arduous task, according to the crew members involved. Tippett told "Starlog" magazine, "We were working the creature at the bottom of a gorge, so we got no breeze. Sand constantly fell down upon us". In addition to operating the sarlacc, many technicians were standing in as skiff guards in full wardrobe. Tippett remarks, "[We] were covered with [sand and] glue from the costumes. I almost cracked on that one. I think I cried, it was so terrible." Actress Carrie Fisher recalled that many of the crew and stuntmen who fell into the creature during filming suffered broken legs and sprained ankles. ILM crew members received some satisfaction when they dismantled the set at the conclusion of filming and sold it to Mexico as scrap. The one condition of the sale was that the materials were not to be resold as souvenirs.


title: Sarlacc

text: The sarlacc design underwent a series of changes when Lucas released the Special Edition of "Return of the Jedi" in 1997. Employing the new technology of computer-generated imagery (CGI), ILM amended the creature's appearance with the addition of CGI tentacles and a beak inside the sarlacc's mouth. According to Lucas, it "just looks much more realistic and more threatening ... it helps the scene considerably." Subsequent depictions of the sarlacc in "Star Wars" fiction are based on this revised design.


title: Sarlacc

text: Some of the special effects from the 1983 film were retained in the Special Edition. The tentacle that captures the skiff guard Kithaba and pulls him into the sarlacc mouth is from the original film, as well as the tentacle that attaches to Lando Calrissian's leg.


title: Sarlacc

text: Aside from "Star Wars" fiction and merchandising, popular fiction author Stefan Demetriou uses the sarlacc as a descriptive term for slowness, a reference to the creature's extended digestive process.


title: Sarlacc

text: The sarlacc became part of "Return of the Jedi" merchandising campaign that accompanied the theatrical release of the film. Parker Brothers produced a board game in 1983 called "Battle at Sarlacc's Pit" that was sold in the United States and Canada. Players collect points for battling their way through Gamorrean guards, Boba Fett, and a Nikto on Jabba the Hutt's sail barge, pushing them overboard into a cardboard sarlacc. The game, which sold for only a few years, is a collector's item.


title: Sarlacc

text: Hollywood journalist and humor writer Peter Biskind muses that George Lucas went to great extremes to remove aspects of sex and sexuality from the plot of the "Star Wars" films. Biskind, however, asserts that Lucas created a "nightmarishly explicit image of threatening female sexuality" in the form of the sarlacc: "The Jabba episode culminates in an explicit "vagina dentata" fantasy, as Luke and his pals have to walk a phallic gangplank into the pullulating maw—festooned with long, curved teeth—of the giant sarlacc in its 'nesting place'." "Premiere" magazine reviewer Tim Bissell complained, "Lucas sent his trilogy’s most arresting character Boba Fett to a "death" so inglorious—falling headlong into the "vagina dentata" of Tatooine's sarlacc—that its only payoff was a burp gag."


title: Sarlacc

text: In the TV series "Peep Show", Mark Corrigan references "the pit of sarlacc" when finishing off the remains of a packet of crisps.


title: Sarlacc

text: In 2018, a cave that was discovered in British Columbia, Canada was unofficially named Sarlacc's Pit.


title: Sarlacc

text: In the TV series "Ghost Wars" (2017-2018), Billy McGrath (performed by Kim Coates) refers to the inability of people to leave town due to the events triggered by the earthquake. In conversation with town's major Val McGrath-Dufresne (performed by Luvia Petersen), Val points out that he had been able to get into town, so "If there´s a way in, there´s gotta be a way out.", to which Billy replies "Tell that to a sarlacc."


title: Shu Han

text: Han (; 221–263), known in historiography as Shu Han ( ) or Ji Han ( "Junior Han"), or often shortened to Shu (; pinyin: "shŭ" < Middle Chinese: *"źjowk" < Eastern Han Chinese: *"dźok"), was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280). The state was based in the area around present-day Hanzhong, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou, and north Guangxi, an area historically referred to as "Shu" based on the name of the past ancient state of Shu, which also occupied this approximate geographical area. Its core territory also coincided with Liu Bang's Kingdom of Han, the precursor of the Han dynasty.


title: Shu Han

text: Shu Han's founder, Liu Bei, had named his state "Han", as he considered it a rump state of the Han dynasty and thus the legitimate successor to the Han throne, while the prefix "Shu" was first used by the rival state of Cao Wei to delegitimize the sovereignty claims of the Shu Han state. Later on when writing the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the historian, Chen Shou, also used the prefix "Shu" to describe Liu Bei's state of Han as a geographical prefix to differentiate it from the many other states named "Han" throughout Chinese history.


title: Shu Han

text: Towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Liu Bei, a warlord and distant relative of the Han imperial clan, rallied the support of many capable followers. Following the counsel of his advisor, Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge's Longzhong Plan, Liu Bei conquered parts of Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan) in 208 and 209, took over Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) from the warlord Liu Zhang between 212 and 214, and wrestled control of Hanzhong from his rival, Cao Cao, in 219. Afterwards, Liu Bei proclaimed himself King of Hanzhong.


title: Shu Han

text: From the territories he gained, Liu Bei established a position for himself in China during the final years of the Han dynasty. However, in 219, the alliance between Liu Bei and his ally, Sun Quan, was broken when Sun sent his general, Lü Meng, to invade Jing Province. Liu Bei lost his territories in Jing Province to Sun Quan. Guan Yu, the general guarding Liu Bei's assets in Jing Province, was captured and subsequently executed by Sun Quan's forces.


title: Shu Han

text: Cao Cao died in 220, and was succeeded by his son, Cao Pi, who forced the last Han ruler, Emperor Xian, to abdicate the throne in his favour. Cao Pi then established the state of Cao Wei, and declared himself emperor. Liu Bei contested Cao Pi's claim to the throne, and proclaimed himself “Emperor of Han” in 221. Although Liu Bei is widely seen as the founder of Shu Han, he never claimed to be the founder of a new dynasty; rather, he viewed Shu Han as a continuation of the Han dynasty.


title: Shu Han

text: To distinguish the state from other historical Chinese states of the same name, historians have added a relevant character to the state's original name: the state that called itself “Han” (漢) is also known as “Shu Han” (蜀漢) or just “Shu” (蜀).


title: Shu Han

text: Liu Bei ruled as emperor for less than three years. In 222, he launched a campaign against Sun Quan to retake Jing Province and avenge Guan Yu, culminating in the Battle of Xiaoting. However, due to grave tactical mistakes, Liu Bei suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Sun Quan's general, Lu Xun, and lost the bulk of his army. He survived the battle and retreated to Baidicheng, where he died from illness a year later.


title: Shu Han

text: Before Liu Bei's death, he appointed the chancellor Zhuge Liang and the general Li Yan as regents to his son, Liu Shan. The young Liu Shan was only 16 years old, making him the youngest of the rulers of the Three Kingdom states, and Liu Bei expected the two regents to assist Liu Shan in managing state affairs. Zhuge Liang was the "de facto" head of the Shu government throughout Liu Shan's reign, and was responsible for most of Shu's policies during his regency.


title: Shu Han

text: When Liu Shan succeeded his father, Shu was the weakest of the three major powers. Following his father's defeat in 221, the portion of Jing Province previously held by Shu was now firmly under the control of Wu. Shu only included the western lands of Yi Province, while Wei controlled all of the northern lands, and Wu controlled all the lands from the east of Yi Province to the southern and eastern coastlines. Meanwhile, Shu's population was not large enough to stand against the rival state of Wei. This greatly limited Shu in terms of resources and manpower; although the country could efficiently defend itself, Shu could not easily launch successful campaigns. As such, Zhuge Liang parleyed for peace with Wu, and reaffirmed the alliance between Sun Quan and Shu — with the former even recognising Sun Quan's legitimacy when the latter broke with Wei, and declared himself “Emperor of Wu” in 229. In order to strengthen the Shu Han state's authority in the remote southern region of Nanzhong, Zhuge Liang also launched an expeditionary force there in 225 to quell local rebellions, and the growing influence of the Nanman (literal: southern barbarians) in the region.


title: Shu Han

text: Zhuge Liang advocated an aggressive foreign policy towards Wei, because he strongly believed it was critical to the survival of Shu and its sovereignty. Between the years of 228 and 234, he launched a series of five military campaigns against Wei, with the aim of conquering Chang'an, a strategic city located on the road to the Wei capital, Luoyang. Most of the battles were fought around present-day Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. However, aside from gaining Jiang Wei as an officer in 228, Shu failed to achieve any significant victories or lasting gains in the five expeditions. During his final campaign where he fought against the Wei general, Sima Yi, an already taxed and ill Zhuge Liang died under the strain of the long stalemate with the Wei forces at the Battle of Wuzhang Plains.


title: Shu Han

text: After Zhuge Liang’s death, the Shu government was then headed by Jiang Wan, Fei Yi, and others, and Shu temporarily ceased its aggression towards Wei. In 244, the Wei regent, Cao Shuang, launched an invasion of Hanzhong. Despite being outnumbered 2-to-1, the Shu forces defeated the invading combatants at the Battle of Xingshi, with the humiliated Wei forces fleeing. Between 247 and 262, the Shu general, Jiang Wei, resumed Zhuge Liang's legacy by leading a series of military campaigns against Wei, but also failed to make any significant territorial gains.


title: Shu Han

text: In 263, armies led by the Wei generals Deng Ai and Zhong Hui attacked Shu, and conquered its capital, Chengdu, without much struggle — the state having been exhausted by Jiang Wei's ill-fated campaigns. In the same year, Liu Shan surrendered to Deng Ai outside Chengdu, marking the end of Shu. In spite of this, Jiang Wei attempted to incite conflict between Deng Ai and Zhong Hui, in the hope of taking advantage of the situation to revive Shu. Zhong Hui captured Deng Ai, and openly rebelled against the Wei regent, Sima Zhao, but the revolt was suppressed by Wei forces. Jiang Wei, Zhong Hui, and Deng Ai were killed in the struggle.


title: Shu Han

text: Liu Shan was brought to Luoyang, where he met with Sima Zhao, and was awarded the title of “Duke of Anle.” He lived a comfortable and peaceful life in Luoyang until the end of his days.


title: Shu Han

text: Shu was not merely a nation at war. During peacetime, the Shu state began many irrigation and road-building projects designed to improve the economy. Many of these public works still exist and are widely used. For example, the Zipingpu Dam is still present near Chengdu, Sichuan. These works helped improve the economy of southwestern China, and can be seen as the beginning of economic activity in Sichuan. It also promoted trade with southern China, which was then ruled by Eastern Wu.


title: Echo 3

text: Echo 3 is an American action thriller and drama television series created by two-time Academy Award winner Mark Boal, set to premiere on Apple TV+ on November 23, 2022. The series, filmed in English and Spanish, stars Michiel Huisman and Luke Evans and is a black ops thriller and tale of international intrigue, set in Colombia, and shot almost entirely on location in 2021. It is based on the Israeli award-winning series "When Heroes Fly" created by Omri Givon, and inspired by the eponymous novel of Amir Gutfreund.


title: Echo 3

text: Mark Boal has overall creative authority and management responsibility for the series. Boal is an Academy award winner. Boal is also the director and executive producer. Four episodes, including the pilot, were directed by Pablo Trapero. Trapero is also executive producer.


title: Echo 3

text: Amber Chesborough, is an American scientist researching psychedelics to treat addiction in Colombia, when she is kidnapped by militants. Her brother, Bambi, and her husband, Prince, both US Army Delta Force operators, attempt to rescue her. Both men have a complicated relationship, after a recent mission left their team leader dead.


title: Echo 3

text: In July 2020, Apple announced that it had given a 10-episode straight-to-series order for "Echo 3", to be produced by Apple and Keshet Studios, and adapted by Mark Boal, with Boal and Jason Horwitch executive producing and co-showrunning the series.


title: Echo 3

text: In May 2021, Luke Evans and Michiel Huisman were cast in the series, with Elizabeth Anweis and Jessica Ann Collins joining in June 2021.


title: Echo 3

text: Several reviews of the trailer mention a line from Amber (Collins) who tells a journalist, “You don’t know my family.”


title: Echo 3

text: One review of the trailer said, “The series is created by two-time Academy Award winner Mark Boal, who’s had plenty of experience in penning thriller stories about foreign policy and with complex political implications.”


title: Echo 3

text: The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 70% approval rating with an average rating of 6/10, based on 23 critic reviews. The website's critics consensus reads, "If "Echo 3" doesn't meet creator Mark Boal's evident ambitions for multilayered drama, it succeeds as a lean, mean action adventure". On Metacritic, the show has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100 based on 9 critic reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: Jayachitra

text: Jayachitra was born in 1957. Her father Mahendra was a veterinary doctor, who had earlier worked as a lawyer. Her mother Ammaji (a.k.a. Jayasree) was an actress who had acted in films such as the Tamil film "Mahaveeran" (1955) and Telugu films Rojulu Marai and Daiva Balam (1959). They moved to Chennai for work, which was where Jayachitra was born and raised as Rohini. Her grandmother looked after her when her parents were busy with work. With her mother's encouragement, she became a child star at the age of six in the Telugu film "Bhakta Potana".


title: Jayachitra

text: When Jayachitra was in her early teens, she screen-tested for a Telugu film titled "Beedala Paatlu," but the director felt she was too young and rejected her for the role. However, he did recommend her to K.S. Gopalakrishnan, who was looking for a young, spirited heroine, for the Tamil film "Korathi Magan", (1972). He immediately cast her, because he loved the way she delivered her lines. He signed her for three films under his banner and gave her the name Jayachitra. She continued in heroine roles in "Ponnukku Thanga Manasu" (1973) and played Sivaji's daughter in "Bharata Vilas" and was one of the 9 heroines in MGR's "Navaratnam." She worked for big-name directors, such as K. Balachander in "Sollathaan Ninaikiren" and "Arangetram". She was Kamal Haasan's heroine in the Tamil film "Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu" (1978) and its Telugu remake "Vayasu Pilichindi" (1978). As an actress, she was known for her courage and spontaneity as she continued to star in Tamil and Telugu films. She faced a snake up close in "Vellikizhamai Viratham" (1974), and then a tiger in the Telugu film "Cheppindi Chesta" (1978). She made other unforgettable films: "Ponnukku Thanga Manasu", "Sathyam", "Kalyanamam Kalyanam", "Vandikaran Magan", "Cinema Paithiyam" (remake of the Hindi hit film "Guddi" (1971)). Most of her Tamil films are with Kamal Haasan. She memorably played the title role in the Telugu film "Kalpana" (1977), a remake of the Hindi hit film "Anamika" (1973).


title: Jayachitra

text: Later, she became a character actress in K. Balachander's film "Pudhu Pudhu Arthangal" (1989). After completing 200 films, she turned to television with the serial "Sumangali", which she produced, directed and acted in. It became a hit, and she was soon acting and producing other serials, "Alaigal" and "Sivaranjini" (2005). She was unanimously elected chairperson of the action committee of the TV Serial Producers' Guild of South India, which in turn led to her involvement in politics. She joined the Congress party and has remained fairly active. She has won numerous awards, including Tamil Nadu's Kalaimamani Award.


title: Jayachitra

text: She cast herself as the heroine in the Tamil film "Pudhiya Raagam" (1991), which marked her debut as a director and producer. Unfortunately, the film flopped. In 2010, she cast her son Amresh Ganesh as the hero in the Tamil film "Naane Ennul Illai" (2010), which she wrote, produced, and directed.


title: Jayachitra

text: After more than a decade as a heroine, Jayachitra decided to concentrate on her personal life by marrying an industrialist named Ganesh in 1983. She has a son with him named Amresh, whom she is trying to promote in show business, just as her mother had done with her. Despite giving him a debut through "Naane Ennul Illai" (2010), the film's failure made it difficult for Amresh to succeed as an actor. In 2011, it was announced that he would work on projects titled "Kaliyuga Kadhalan" and "Machan Ava En Aalu Da", with the former being set in three different eras, but neither film was completed. Later in the year, Jayachitra announced that she was working on three more films with Amresh in the lead role, "Mundru Mugangal", "Nedunchalai" and "Scene Podathey", but again neither film materialised. He also shot for a comedy film titled "Kadan Vaangi Kalyanam" alongside Mansoor Ali Khan during late 2011, but the film also did not release. In 2013, he briefly worked on the making of another incomplete film "Thaaru Maaru", which had a grand launch event. In 2015, he was signed on by Raghava Lawrence to work on the music for his forthcoming film "Motta Siva Ketta Shiva". Her husband Ganesh died on 3 December 2020.


title: Tranquilizer

text: A tranquilizer is a drug that is designed for the treatment of anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and disturbances of the mind, specifically to reduce states of anxiety and tension.


title: Tranquilizer

text: Tranquilizer, as a term, was first used by F.F. Yonkman (1953), from the conclusions of investigative studies using the drug reserpine, which showed the drug had a calming effect on all animals to which it was administered. Reserpine is a centrally acting Rauwolfia alkaloid. The word directly refers to the state of tranquillity in a person and other animals.


title: Tranquilizer

text: The term is considered "popular" or "common", meaning it is not generally in use in the field of medicine. Specifically, it is used in reference to antipsychotic or neuroleptic medications.


title: Tranquilizer

text: The term is generally used as a synonym for sedative. When used by health care professionals, it is usually qualified or replaced with more precise terms:


title: Tranquilizer

text: Tranquilizers are administered to animals via dart gun. If the animal only needs to be safely approached, the dart will contain a minor tranquilizer. Minor tranquilizers relieve tension and anxiety without affecting consciousness. If the animal needs to be completely still and unable to feel pain, a major tranquilizer will be used.


title: Tranquilizer

text: Tranquilizer darts are not generally included in police less-than-lethal arsenals because a human can easily be wrestled to the ground, the pain induced by the dart may cause a suspect to pull out a weapon or panic and run until they are far away resulting in the officer having to track down the unconscious suspect, a human can have a deadly allergic reaction to a tranquilizer, and because effective use requires an estimate of the target's weight —- too little tranquilizer will have no effect, and too much tranquilizer will result in death, which can lead to being convicted of second-degree unintentional murder if the target is a human. "If you shot somebody that was small, it could kill them. If you shot somebody who was big or had drugs in their system, it might not do anything." says Newett, of the Justice Department.


title: VFA-103

text: Strike Fighter Squadron 103 (VFA-103), nicknamed the Jolly Rogers, is an aviation unit of the United States Navy established in 1952. VFA-103 flies the F/A-18F Super Hornet and is based at Naval Air Station Oceana, Virginia (US). The squadron's radio callsign is "Victory" and it is assigned to Carrier Air Wing Seven.


title: VFA-103

text: The original VF-103 squadron insignia was a cloverleaf, and the aircraft tailfins had a horizontal yellow arrow outlined in black. Later a stylized aircraft darting through the leaf was added, along with a baseball bat. The baseball bat stemmed from an early skipper who often carried one with him. In 1991, VF-103's aircraft used the squadron insignia for tail-art, in place of the bold arrow. When the "Sluggers" became the "Jolly Rogers" following the disestablishment of VF-84 (1955-95), they adopted the famous white skull-and-crossbones.


title: VFA-103

text: The "Jolly Rogers" have always displayed some of the most recognizable squadron markings in the world: sinister white skull-and-crossbones on all-black tails, with gold bands wrapped around the tip of the tail fins, and black bands with gold chevrons (known as vagabonds strips from the Crusader days of VF-84) run down the sides of the forward fuselage.


title: VFA-103

text: Four distinct U.S. Naval Aviation squadrons have used the name and insignia of the Jolly Roger: VF-17, VF-61, VF-84, and VF-103, since redesignated as VFA-103. While these are distinctly different squadrons that have no lineal linkage, they all share the same "Jolly Roger" name, the skull and crossbones insignia and traditions. After disestablishment of VF-84 in 1995, the "Jolly Rogers" name and insignia were adopted by VF-103, which later became VFA-103, the subject of this article. There has been only one squadron designated VF-103.


title: VFA-103

text: VF-103 (the "Sluggers") were activated on 1 May 1952 and equipped with the FG-1D Corsair. The squadron was assigned to Carrier Air Group 10 (CVG-10) and made a short cruise aboard in late 1952. Thereafter, VF-103 transitioned to the F9F-6 Cougar and adopted the nickname "Flying Cougars". CVG-10 went aboard for her shakedown cruise following her reactivation to the Caribbean between August and November 1953. The air group was then reassigned to and VF-103 was equipped with the F9F-8B. The carrier was deployed to the Mediterranean Sea between August 1956 and February 1957. This was the last time that VF-103 operated from a straight-deck carrier.


title: VFA-103

text: In 1957, VF-103 was one of the first squadrons to transition to the supersonic F8U-1 Crusader, and was renamed "Sluggers". Once the transition was completed they were teamed up with VF-102 on board . Prior to the introduction of the Crusader jets, U.S. Navy carrier battle groups were often embarrassed by British bombers during allied exercises as the RAF English Electric Canberras had always been able to make mock attacks on U.S. carriers with impunity. At the time, the U.S. fighters simply could not put up much resistance. During the 1958 Mediterranean cruise, British pilots were surprised when VF-103 tore through their formation of Canberras before they even had a chance to start their simulated attack.


title: VFA-103

text: USS "Forrestal" and VF-103 were deployed to the Mediterranean Sea during the 1958 Lebanon crisis but the crisis had abated before the carrier reached its station. A regular deployment followed between September 1958 and March 1959. Future astronaut John W. Young was a squadron member during this cruise.


title: VFA-103

text: VF-103 was reequipped with the F8U-2 (F-8C after 1962) and reassigned to CVG-8, although still assigned to USS "Forrestal". Three other deployments to the Mediterranean followed in 1960, 1961 and 1964–1965. The squadron was reequipped with the F-8E in 1964. The 1964-1965 cruise was significant, as VF-103 flew both the F-8E and the newly introduced F-4B Phantom II. VF-103 would fly the Phantom for 19 years. From 1965 to 1980, VF-103 was assigned to Carrier Air Wing 3 (CVW-3). Even longer was the assignment to , from 1965 to 1994, since 1984 as part of CVW-17. VF-103 was aboard "Saratoga" for 15 deployments to the Mediterranean Sea, plus a single one aboard "Forrestal" in 1982.


title: VFA-103

text: VF-103 flew the F-4B until transitioning to the F-4J in 1968. In 1981, the squadron was reequipped with the F-4S.


title: VFA-103

text: When North Vietnam launched its Easter Offensive invasion of South Vietnam, USS "Saratoga" was deployed to the coast of Vietnam to participate in Operation Linebacker. On 10 August 1972, Lieutenant Commander Robert Tucker and Lieutenant Junior Grade Stanley Edens shot down a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 with an AIM-7 Sparrow missile during a night interception. It was the first night MiG kill by using the sparrow.


title: VFA-103

text: In January 1983, VF-103 was among the last fighter squadrons to transition to the F-14A Tomcat. The squadron conducted the first East Coast fighter squadron's low altitude AIM-54 Phoenix missile shoot a month later. In October 1985, VF-103 and VF-74 participated in the interception of the Egyptian Boeing 737 carrying the Achille Lauro hijackers. During a long range night intercept by VF-74 and VF-103, the 737 was forced to land at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Sicily. The terrorists were taken into Italian custody, tried and sentenced.


title: VFA-103

text: VF-103 and the rest of the airwing participated in Operation Attain Document and Operation El Dorado Canyon in the spring of 1986.