title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: After the House of Lords Act 1999 removed the automatic right of hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords, Carrington, along with all former leaders of the House of Lords, was given a life peerage on 17 November 1999 as Baron Carington of Upton, of Upton in the County of Nottinghamshire. He was the longest-serving member of the House of Lords, and following the retirement of Lord Barber of Tewkesbury in 2016, had been the oldest. He was the second longest-serving member of the Privy Council after the Duke of Edinburgh.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: He died on 9 July 2018, aged 99, of natural causes at his home in Bledlow, Buckinghamshire; his son Rupert succeeded him as 7th Baron Carrington.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: Lord Carrington married Iona McClean (19 March 1920 – 7 June 2009), daughter of Lt Col. Sir Francis McClean and Aileen Wale, on 25 April 1942. They had three children: Alexandra de Bunsen (born 1943), Virginia Carington (born 1946; formerly married to Lord Ashcombe), and Rupert Carington, 7th Baron Carrington (born 1948). Lord Carrington's wife, Lady Carrington, died on 7 June 2009, aged 89.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: Carrington was a guest on BBC Radio 4's long-running programme "Desert Island Discs" in 1975 and on the same station's "A Good Read" in 2004.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: In the 1977 war film "A Bridge Too Far", John Stride played a Grenadier Guards captain at Nijmegen Bridge based on Carrington. This portrayal depicts the historical argument between Carrington and Major Julian Cook on whether to move forward along the "Hell's Highway" route.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: In February 1982 Carrington was portrayed by Rowan Atkinson in a "Not the Nine O'Clock News" parody of "Question Time", pedantically discussing an imminent nuclear holocaust.


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: Carrington was portrayed by James Fox in the 2002 BBC production of Ian Curteis's "The Falklands Play".


title: Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

text: He was also briefly portrayed by James Smith in the 2011 film "The Iron Lady", and by Jeff Rawle in the 2014 play "Handbagged".


title: Philosophical fiction

text: Philosophical fiction refers to the class of works of fiction which devote a significant portion of their content to the sort of questions normally addressed in philosophy. These might explore any facet of the human condition, including the function and role of society, the nature and motivation of human acts, the purpose of life, ethics or morals, the role of art in human lives, the role of experience or reason in the development of knowledge, whether there exists free will, or any other topic of philosophical interest. Philosophical fiction works would include the so-called "novel of ideas", including some science fiction, utopian and dystopian fiction, and the "Bildungsroman".


title: Philosophical fiction

text: There is no universally accepted definition of philosophical fiction, but a sampling of notable works can help to outline its history.


title: Philosophical fiction

text: Some philosophers write novels, plays, or short fiction in order to demonstrate or introduce their ideas. Common examples include Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Ayn Rand, Albert Camus and Friedrich Nietzsche. Authors who admire certain philosophers may incorporate their ideas into the principal themes or central narratives of novels. Some examples include "The Moviegoer" (Kierkegaard), "Wittgenstein's Mistress" (Wittgenstein), and "Speedboat" (post-structuralism).


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The 2009–10 UEFA Europa League was the first season of the UEFA Europa League, Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA. The competition was previously known as the UEFA Cup, which had been in existence for 38 years.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: Spain's Atlético Madrid won the tournament for the first time, beating Fulham – who were playing in their first European final – at the Volksparkstadion, home ground of Hamburger SV, in Hamburg, Germany.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: Shakhtar Donetsk were the defending champions but were eliminated by eventual finalists Fulham in the Round of 32.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: A total of 192 teams from 53 UEFA associations participated in the 2009–10 UEFA Europa League. Associations are allocated places according to their 2008 UEFA country coefficient, which takes into account their performance in European competitions from 2003–04 to 2007–08.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: Since the winners of the 2008–09 UEFA Cup, Shakhtar Donetsk, qualified for the 2009–10 UEFA Champions League through domestic performance, the title holder spot reserved for them in the group stage was vacated. As this was the first edition of the Europa League, it was initially unknown whether UEFA would simply disregard the vacant title holder spot and rearrange entries so that one more team would qualify from the play-off round, or replace the title holders' group stage place with that of the top-ranked association's cup winner and move teams from lower rounds appropriately, as the regulations are unclear on this matter. The former set-up was confirmed by UEFA's official list of participants, published on 16 June 2009. As a result, the following changes to the default allocation system were made to compensate for the vacant title holder spot in the group stage:


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: A Europa League place is vacated when a team qualify for both the Champions League and the Europa League, or qualify for the Europa League by more than one method. When a place is vacated, it is redistributed within the national association by the following rules:


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: In the qualifying phase and the play-off round, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The draw for the first and second qualifying rounds, conducted by UEFA President Michel Platini and UEFA General Secretary David Taylor, was held on 22 June 2009, and the draw for the third qualifying round, conducted by UEFA Competitions Director Giorgio Marchetti and Head of Club Competitions Michael Heselschwerdt, was held on 17 July 2009. For the draws, clubs were separated into seeded and unseeded teams based on their club coefficient. Because the draws for the second and third qualifying rounds took place before the previous round was completed, the teams were seeded assuming the seeded side in the previous round would be victorious.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: Both the first and second legs between Bnei Yehuda and Dinaburg and between Rapid Wien and Vllaznia were under investigation by UEFA and German authorities for possible match-fixing.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The first legs were played on 28 and 30 July, and the second legs were played on 4 and 6 August 2009.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The first leg between Fenerbahçe and Budapest Honvéd and the second leg between Interblock Ljubljana and Metalurh Donetsk were under investigation by UEFA and German authorities for possible match-fixing.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The draw for the play-off round, conducted by UEFA General Secretary David Taylor and UEFA Competitions Director Giorgio Marchetti, was held on 7 August 2009. For the draw, clubs were separated into seeded and unseeded teams based on their club coefficient. The first legs were played on 20 August, and the second legs were played on 25 and 27 August 2009.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: Note 1: The match was abandoned at 0–2 in the 88th minute after one Dinamo București fan entered the playing field and other fans invaded the running track around the pitch. The UEFA Control and Disciplinary Body awarded a default 0–3 defeat against Dinamo during an emergency meeting on 25 August. After advancing to the group stage, Dinamo were punished by having their first two home matches in the group stage played behind closed doors.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The draw for the group stage was held at the Grimaldi Forum in Monaco on 28 August 2009. A total of 48 teams were drawn into twelve groups of four. Teams were divided into four pots, based on their club coefficient. Clubs from the same pot or the same association cannot be drawn into the same group.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: A total of 24 associations were represented in the group stage. This was the first time teams from Latvia or Moldova qualified for the group stage of any European competition.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The matchdays were 17 September, 1 October, 22 October, 5 November, 2–3 December, and 16–17 December 2009. The top two in each group advanced to the knockout phase. If two or more teams are equal on points on completion of the group matches, the following criteria are applied to determine the rankings:


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: During this stage of the tournament, matches featured five on-field officials – with two additional officials monitoring play around the penalty area as part of a FIFA-sanctioned experiment.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: In the knockout phase, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis, except for the one-match final.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The draw for the round of 32 and round of 16 was held on 18 December 2009, conducted by UEFA General Secretary Gianni Infantino and UEFA Director of Competitions Giorgio Marchetti. In the round of 32, the group winners and the four better third-placed teams from the Champions League group stage, which would play the second leg at home, were drawn against the group runners-up and the other four third-placed Champions League teams, with the restriction that teams from the same group or the same association cannot be drawn with each other. In the round of 16, there were no seedings, and teams from the same group or the same association may be drawn with each other.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The draw for the quarter-finals, semi-finals, and final (to determine the "home" team) was held on 19 March 2010, conducted by UEFA competitions director Giorgio Marchetti and the ambassador for the Hamburg final, Uwe Seeler. Same as the round of 16, there were no seedings, and teams from the same group or the same association may be drawn with each other.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The first legs were played on 16 and 18 February, and the second legs were played on 23 and 25 February 2010.


title: 2009–10 UEFA Europa League

text: The final of the 2009–10 UEFA Europa League was played at the Volksparkstadion in Hamburg, Germany, on 12 May 2010. This was the second time the home stadium of Hamburger SV hosted a UEFA final, the first being the second leg of the 1982 UEFA Cup Final. Due to UEFA rules banning corporate sponsorship outside the confederation, the stadium was referred to by UEFA as "Hamburg Arena". The match was won by Atlético Madrid.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: Killer Bean Forever is a 2008 American computer-animated action film written, produced, and directed by Jeff Lew. Taking place in a world of anthropomorphic coffee beans, the film tells the story of a bean assassin named Jack "Killer" Bean, who is sent to hunt down a crime boss, while he himself is hunted by mercenaries and the police. The film was preceded by two web shorts: "Killer Bean: The Interrogation" in 1996, and "Killer Bean 2: The Party" in 2000. In 2020, an animated series that continues the story of the film was announced, and premiered on September 6, 2020, but was cancelled in August 2021. In the same month, a game simply titled "Killer Bean" was announced, which also continues the film's story. The movie has obtained a cult following online since 2018.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: One night, at 2:43 AM, bean assassin Jack "Killer" Bean is having problems sleeping due to several gangsters holding a loud party in a nearby warehouse. He calls their leader to turn down the music, but he refuses, so Killer Bean resorts to killing all the gangsters. Their leader is later revealed to be the nephew of Italian crime boss and drug lord Cappuccino. Shortly after, a police investigation led by Detective Cromwell occurs at the warehouse, which is known to be owned by Cappuccino. Vagan, a lieutenant and hitman who sells weapons for Cappuccino, arrives at the warehouse, discovering the massacre, and leaves after being briefly questioned by Cromwell.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: That morning, Killer Bean is stopped from assassinating Cromwell (having seen him on the news) by a call from his boss, who warns him the warehouse shooting was reckless, and that only the "target" should be killed. Killer Bean assures him that the mission will succeed. In a Chinese restaurant located in Wavertree Town, an assassin named Jet Bean receives a call from his boss sending him on a mission in Beantown. The restaurant owner then forces him to pay the bills he had not paid for several months, but he refuses and leaves after attacking the chef, who was told by the owner that Jet Bean insulted his food. At the drug headquarters, Cappuccino holds a meeting with his lieutenants, knocking two of them out the window when they annoy him, before Vagan appears and informs him of the warehouse shooting and his nephew's death, so Cappuccino sends Vagan to kill Killer Bean. Meanwhile, Detective Cromwell analyzes the evidence at the warehouse and finds Killer Bean's name on the bullets, before locating another one of Cappuccino's warehouse, just as Killer Bean arrives there to conduct another attack. Killer Bean finds the warehouse to be empty, but he finds a note reading "Shadow Bean, you are too late". Suddenly, a high caliber bullet strikes the ground just besides Killer Bean. Killer Bean sees that Vagan had shot at him from a nearby building with his sniper rifle, and Killer Bean and Vagan exchange fire for some moments. The battle ends after a bullet shot by Killer Bean strikes Vagan's sniper rifle, disabling its scope. Disarmed, Vagan flees the scene unscathed.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: Shortly after, Killer Bean is found in a bar across the street by Cromwell, who suggests working together to bring Cappuccino down, but Killer Bean refuses. Before he leaves, Cromwell confronts him after finding a note Killer Bean found earlier referencing the "Shadow Beans", but Killer Bean throws him into the ground and leaves. After that, Cromwell calls his friend Harrison 'The Dye Beano', a police intelligence officer, who reveals the Shadow Beans were special assassins working for the Shadow Agency, a private organization that carried out secret government operations, but presumably disbanded years ago. That night, Killer Bean arrives at a third warehouse owned by Cappuccino, and kills both the gangsters he finds there and several mercenaries hired by Vagan to kill him, but is ultimately knocked out by an explosion. He awakens tied up to a chair, being interrogated by Cappuccino as to why he is trying to kill him. After breaking free, Killer Bean reveals that he is not after Cappuccino, but rather after Vagan. Outraged, Cappuccino then furiously fired Vagan for lying to him, only to get shot in retaliation.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: During the standoff, Vagan revealed himself to be a former Shadow Bean code-named "Dark Bean" who betrayed the Shadow Agency and stole their database. In response to Killer Bean's accusations, Dark Bean reveals the Agency had degenerated into simply guns for hire, and that he chose to work for Cappuccino instead, so that he could use his knowledge on the gun trade to continue fighting crime, independent from the corrupt Agency. Killer Bean can't bring himself to believe Dark Bean, and ultimately kills him, not before he warns him that the Agency will now come after him as well. Detective Cromwell, who witnessed the entire ordeal from afar, arrives with police reinforcements to confront Killer Bean. After trying to pull out a big fight, Killer Bean allows himself to be arrested, believing that only the police can protect him from the Agency.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: Shortly after, Jet Bean, who has been sent by the Shadow Agency to kill Killer Bean, arrives at the warehouse and learns from a police officer that he was arrested. Jet Bean then allows himself to be arrested by assaulting an officer who mocked his Asian accent, and proceeds to kill everyone at the police station standing in his way to Killer Bean (save for Cromwell, who left earlier). Killer Bean tells Jet Bean that the Agency is only using them, but he doesn't believe him. After a final fight, Killer Bean prevails over Jet Bean, mortally shooting him. As he leaves, Killer Bean is called by his boss, who tells him to come in so they can "talk things over". He replies that he will come in, but it won't be for talking and drives off with a police van full of weapons.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: The concept for Killer Bean came in a short produced by Jeff Lew in 1996 entitled "The Killer Bean: The Interrogation", which was later called "Killer Bean 1". Jeff Lew intended this short only to teach himself animation, and it only received about 3000 hits. After practicing animation for about 2 years, Lew started work on "The Killer Bean 2: The Party", a 7-minute short. "The Killer Bean 2" took about 3 years to create, and was released on iFilm in 2000. In about 6 months, it received about a million views, which was significant before YouTube. A later edit, "Killer Bean 2.1", was uploaded to DivX in 2004. Killer Bean 2.1 was also later uploaded to YouTube in 2009, which has since gained more than 4 million views.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: After receiving various calls from movie producers that never developed, Lew decided to make a full feature film himself. The first rough draft of the screen play took about 5 months. Previsualization took about one and a half years. One mistake Lew regretted was not making the concept art before previz, which meant that many of the previz shots could not be reused for final animation. Lew then posted an ad on Craigslist for voices, and auditioned about 20 people and cast four. The concept artist for the characters was Von C. Caberte. By July 2005, all pre-production was completed.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: The film took about five years to create, with approximately one and half years in pre-production and three years in animation. "Killer Bean Forever" had approximately 1000 animated shots. Generally, animators are given 1–4 weeks to complete one shot, and thus to create 1000 shots would have taken 20 years. Lew used an inexpensive 2D motion capture system to speed up animation, primarily with lip-sync. During this time, Lew also worked as an animator on major Hollywood productions including "The Matrix Reloaded" and "X-Men".


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: In 2008, the worldwide rights to "Killer Bean Forever" were acquired by Cinema Management Group. That same year, the film was screened for buyers at the Toronto Film Festival.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: In May 2018, the film was officially uploaded to YouTube in its entirety in 4K resolution, gaining over 40 million views as of June 2022.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: Scott McDanel of RMU Sentry Media called the film "an absolute dumpster fire," but wrote that he would "still highly recommend it as a 'it's-so-bad-it's-good' flick."


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: The movie was officially uploaded to YouTube by Jeff Lew in May 2018, where it has since garnered over 35 million views. This significantly contributed to the movie's cult following, causing moments and references of the film to become a meme.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: The first short, "Killer Bean: The Interrogation", was released in 1996. The short features Killer Bean captured by mercenaries who interrogate him.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: The second short, "The Killer Bean 2: The Party", was released on August 8, 2000. The short is about Killer Bean being annoyed by the loud music at a nearby party held by some gangsters. When they refuse to turn it down, Killer Bean arrives to do it himself, but the gangsters won't go down without a fight.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: A third short, "The Killer Bean 3: Forever", was originally intended to release in 2002, but was scrapped in favor of the movie Killer Bean Forever. The trailer featured Killer Bean on a roof, breathing in, and breathing out.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: In January 2020, The Killer Bean Channel posted a picture on YouTube community revealing Killer Bean's return and will have a 10+ episode series, although it has been delayed since late February. The Twitter account of Killer Bean claimed that YouTubers and fans will voice act the characters in the series. On May 10, the first teaser of the miniseries was released to the Killer Bean Channel.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: On May 10, 2020, "The Return of Killer Bean", a teaser for what could come in the new series, was released onto YouTube. "The Return of Killer Bean" was released as a teaser for the upcoming 2020 series in 4K. The short features Killer Bean (Jeff Lew) attacking a group of mercenaries, but when the last surviving bean (Christopher Giersz) threatens to shoot a hole through his car door, just like he did with his mother's, Killer Bean attempts to reason with him. Claiming that the mercenary has some personal problems, Killer Bean lets him take his car and throws him the keys. The last bean tries to find the keys in some trash bags, but when he finds them, the keys are actually an explosive device. The explosion throws the mercenary into a garbage can, though he survives, before Killer Bean leaves in his car.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: In August 2021, due to the new Killer Bean game in development and getting false copyright claims on YouTube before, Lew announced that the series is no longer in production.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: On October 1st of 2022, a new series titled "Killer Bean - The Prequel" was officially announced. Taking place before the events of Killer Bean Forever, the story follows Killer Bean's Shadow Bean training into the Shadow Agency. The first episode titled "Driving School" was released on September 29, 2022.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: In 2012, a mobile game, "Killer Bean: Unleashed", was released for Android and iOS. Taking place shortly after Killer Bean Forever, the story follows Killer Bean who is on the run from mercenaries, while hunting the Shadow Agency's top Shadow Bean, Major Firepower. In 2021, the game received several updates on Android, the first updating the game to a newer version of Unity to prepare for new levels. Then, the game was updated to use 3D models instead of sprites and added the Pixel levels. Later updates added new levels and enemies.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: A third-person, open-world shooter game based on Killer Bean was announced on August 19, 2021. Lew plans on bringing the game to consoles such as the PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Series X/S, and Nintendo Switch for around $20 USD. There is a release date set for 2023. On Twitter and Steam Discussions, Lew gave more info about the game.


title: Killer Bean Forever

text: Killer Bean, Jet Bean, Vagan (Dark Bean), Detective Cromwell, and Chintow will be playable characters, all with different playing styles. The game will have a larger focus on action, and less sci-fi elements, compared to the YouTube series. The game will have text based dialogue, making for easier localization. The game is set to simply be titled "Killer Bean". The game takes place after the two episodes of the now-cancelled Killer Bean YouTube series.


title: Nausicaa

text: Nausicaa (; , or , ) also spelled Nausicaä or Nausikaa, is a character in Homer's "Odyssey". She is the daughter of King Alcinous and Queen Arete of Phaeacia. Her name means "burner of ships" ( 'ship'; 'to burn').


title: Nausicaa

text: In Book Six of the "Odyssey", Odysseus is shipwrecked on the coast of the island of Scheria (Phaeacia in some translations). Nausicaä and her handmaidens go to the seashore to wash clothes. Awakened by their games, Odysseus emerges from the forest completely naked, scaring the servants away, and begs Nausicaä for aid. She gives Odysseus some of the laundry to wear and takes him to the edge of the town. Realizing that rumors might arise if Odysseus is seen with her, she and the servants go into town ahead of him, but first she advises him to go directly to Alcinous's house and make his case to Nausicaä's mother, Arete. Arete is known as wiser even than Alcinous, and Alcinous trusts her judgment. Odysseus follows this advice, approaching Arete and winning her approval, and is received as a guest by Alcinous.


title: Nausicaa

text: During his stay, Odysseus recounts his adventures to Alcinous and his court. This recounting forms a substantial portion of the "Odyssey". Alcinous then generously provides Odysseus with the ships that finally bring him home to Ithaca.


title: Nausicaa

text: Nausicaä is young and very pretty; Odysseus says she resembles a goddess, particularly Artemis. Nausicaä is known to have several brothers. According to Aristotle and Dictys of Crete, she later married Odysseus's son Telemachus, and had a son, Poliporthes.


title: Nausicaa

text: Homer gives a literary account of love never expressed (possibly one of the earliest examples of unrequited love in literature). Nausicaä is presented as a potential love interest for Odysseus: she tells her friend that she would like her husband to be like him, and her father tells Odysseus that he would let him marry her. The two do not have a romantic relationship, however, and she marries Telemachus in some versions. Nausicaä is also a mother figure for Odysseus; she ensures his return home, and says "Never forget me, for I gave you life". Odysseus never tells Penelope about his encounter with Nausicaä, out of all the women he met on his long journey home. Some suggest this indicates a deeper level of feeling for the young woman.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: Cosmic Crisp is an American apple with the variety designation WA 38. Breeding began in 1997 at the Washington State University (WSU) Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center in Wenatchee, Washington, initially overseen by Bruce Barritt. Kate Evans stepped in to complete the research after Barritt’s retirement from WSU.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: Cosmic Crisp is a cross between Honeycrisp and Enterprise apples. It is intended to have the texture and juiciness of the Honeycrisp, and the late-ripening behavior and long storage of the Enterprise. In breeding the variety, the focus was not on the appearance, but on durability and shelf life. Cosmic Crisp is characterized mainly by uniformly colored dark red skin, dense firm flesh, and an improved shelf life. The look of the apple's light lenticels against its wine-red skin reminded focus groups of a galaxy against a night sky, which led to it being named the Cosmic Crisp. It is the first widely-grown apple variety developed in Washington.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: The apple ripens at the same time as Red Delicious and is expected by the producers of it to replace a large part of the Red Delicious stocks. Cosmic Crisp was made available to consumers in 2019, after 20 years of development.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: "The New York Times" described the apple as "dramatically dark, richly flavored and explosively crisp and juicy", making it "the most promising and important apple of the future". "FoodRepublic.com" called it "firmer than the Honeycrisp, but not too firm. And it is high in both sugar and acidity, making it far superior to the Red Delicious, Gala and Fuji varieties as well." "Northwest Public Radio" notes that Washington, which produces 70% of U.S. apples, is betting that the apple will "conquer" the market.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: The variety was first planted for commercial use in spring 2017, with 12 million trees pre-ordered by Washington state orchards. The variety is initially only available to Washington-based growers, and will remain limited to them for at least ten years. Growers pay a royalty for each tree purchased and for each box of apples sold. Interest was so high the trees initially had to be distributed to apple farmers in a lottery held in 2014 – WSU had planned to provide 300,000 saplings but were met with requests for 4 million. Within three years, over 13 million Cosmic Crisp trees had been planted. Lawsuits emerged between WSU and a Seattle spinoff that the university claimed distributed over 100,000 trees improperly. WSU owns the Cosmic Crisp patent.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: A $10 million consumer launch of the product was funded by Washington State agriculture promotion funds through the Washington Apple Commission and other agencies. The two taglines for the apple were "Imagine the Possibilities" and "The Apple of Big Dreams". It is said to be the largest campaign in apple industry history, and included payments to social media influencers and a partnership with a touring children's production of "Johnny Appleseed". The term "Cosmic Crisp" is trademarked.


title: Cosmic Crisp

text: The apples went on sale in Seattle grocery stores on December 1, 2019, beginning with a QFC store at University Village.


title: PATH (variable)

text: PATH is an environment variable on Unix-like operating systems, DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, specifying a set of directories where executable programs are located. In general, each executing process or user session has its own PATH setting.


title: PATH (variable)

text: Multics originated the idea of a search path. The early Unix shell only looked for program names in codice_1, but by Version 3 Unix the directory was too large and codice_2, and a search path, became part of the operating system.


title: PATH (variable)

text: On POSIX and Unix-like operating systems, the codice_3 variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by colon (codice_4) characters.


title: PATH (variable)

text: Directories in the codice_5-string are not meant to be escaped, making it impossible to have directories with codice_4 in their name.


title: PATH (variable)

text: The codice_1, codice_2, and codice_9 directories are typically included in most users' codice_3 setting (although this varies from implementation to implementation). The superuser also typically has codice_11 and codice_12 entries for easily executing system administration commands. The current directory (codice_13) is sometimes included by users as well, allowing programs residing in the current working directory to be executed directly. System administrators as a rule do "not" include it in codice_3 in order to prevent the accidental execution of scripts residing in the current directory, such as may be placed there by a malicious tarbomb. In that case, executing such a program requires specifying an absolute (codice_15) or relative path (codice_16) on the command line.


title: PATH (variable)

text: When a command name is specified by the user or an exec call is made from a program, the system searches through codice_3, examining each directory from left to right in the list, looking for a filename that matches the command name. Once found, the program is executed as a child process of the command shell or program that issued the command.


title: PATH (variable)

text: On DOS, OS/2, and Windows operating systems, the codice_18 variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by semicolon (codice_19) characters.


title: PATH (variable)

text: The Windows system directory (typically codice_20) is typically the first directory in the path, followed by many (but not all) of the directories for installed software packages. Many programs do not appear in the path as they are not designed to be executed from a command window, but rather from a Graphical User Interface. Some programs may add their directory to the front of the PATH variable's content during installation, to speed up the search process and/or override OS commands. In the DOS era, it was customary to add a PATH {program directory};%PATH% or SET PATH={program directory};%PATH% line to AUTOEXEC.BAT.


title: PATH (variable)

text: When a command is entered in a command shell or a system call is made by a program to execute a program, the system first searches the current working directory and then searches the path, examining each directory from left to right, looking for an executable filename that matches the command name given. Executable programs have filename extensions of codice_21 or codice_22, and batch scripts have extensions of codice_23 or codice_24. Other executable filename extensions can be registered with the system as well.


title: PATH (variable)

text: The PATH variable makes it easy to run commonly used programs located in their own folders. If used unwisely, however, the value of the PATH variable can slow down the operating system by searching too many locations, or invalid locations.


title: PATH (variable)

text: Invalid locations can also "stop" services from running altogether, especially the 'Server' service which is usually a dependency for other services within a Windows Server environment.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Persuasion is a 2007 British television film adaptation of Jane Austen's 1817 novel "Persuasion". It was directed by Adrian Shergold, and the screenplay was written by Simon Burke. Sally Hawkins stars as the protagonist Anne Elliot, while Rupert Penry-Jones plays Captain Frederick Wentworth. Eight years prior to the film's beginning, Anne was persuaded to reject Wentworth's proposal of marriage. Now 27 and unmarried, Anne re-encounters Wentworth, who has made his fortune in the Napoleonic Wars and is looking for a wife—anyone but Anne, whom he has not forgiven for rejecting him all those years ago.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "Persuasion" was one of three novels adapted in 2007 for ITV's Jane Austen season. It was the first of the three adaptations to begin development. The drama was co-produced by Clerkenwell Films and American studio WGBH Boston. "Persuasion" premiered on 1 April 2007 in the United Kingdom and was watched by 5.4 million viewers. "Persuasion" received positive reviews from television critics.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: The Elliot family faces financial difficulties from the imprudent spending of Sir Walter Elliot and his eldest daughter, Elizabeth. An advisor proposes the family estate of Kellynch Hall be leased to Admiral Croft, home from the Napoleonic Wars, but Anne Elliot is distraught at the prospect.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: The admiral is married to the sister of Captain Frederick Wentworth, a naval captain to whom Anne was engaged eight years earlier. At that time, then-Commander Wentworth was penniless and without a ship at the outset of a very dangerous career, and the union was discouraged by Anne's father and Lady Russell, a family friend who persuaded Anne to break off the engagement. Years later, Anne is seemingly past the age of desirability, while Wentworth has risen in the Royal Navy and is rich in prize money.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Sir Walter and Elizabeth depart for Bath and send Anne to stay with her younger sister Mary, who is married to Charles Musgrove and lives at the Musgrove family's estate, Uppercross. Wentworth comes to visit his sister at Kellynch Hall and then makes friends with the Musgroves. Anne and Wentworth meet again, but he appears cold and distant. She is convinced that he will never forgive her, nor love her again. Her disappointment is heightened by the attention Wentworth is given by young Louisa and Henrietta Musgrove.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Wentworth declares his intention to travel to Lyme to visit some friends, Captains Harry Harville and James Benwick, and they all decide to go. In Lyme, Benwick has been inconsolable since the death of his fiancée (Harville's sister) while he was away at the Cape, and spends his days reading dark poetry and lamenting his loss. A match for him in reading and familiar with loss and disappointment, Anne is able to encourage Benwick. Although he warms in his outlook toward life and to Anne, her heart remains with Wentworth.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: In a dangerous demonstration of steadfastness, Louisa jumps from the Cobb and strikes her head against the stones. Unconscious and bleeding, she is taken to Harville's home to recover. Wentworth escorts Anne and Henrietta back to Uppercross in order to inform Louisa's parents of her injury, then Anne and Wentworth bid each other a seemingly final farewell.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Anne joins her father and sister in Bath, where they have been receiving the attentions of William Elliot, a distant cousin who is the heir presumptive to Sir Walter's estate and baronetcy. He is apparently wealthy and very gracious to the Elliots, and Anne finds herself the subject of his interest, but detects a false note in his manner.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: While Louisa recovers, Wentworth realises his feelings towards Anne are unchanged, but Harville informs him that an attachment is assumed between Wentworth and Louisa. Dismayed, Wentworth takes Harville's advice to leave, and visits his brother. Returning a few weeks later, he learns that Louisa and Benwick are engaged. Delighted at this turn of events, Wentworth goes to Bath under the pretext of visiting his sister.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: There, Wentworth learns that William has been courting Anne. Having heard rumours of William's proposal, Admiral Croft sends Wentworth to notify Anne that if she and William wish to reside at Kellynch Hall after their wedding, he would be willing to cancel his lease. To Wentworth's surprise, Anne tells him the admiral is mistaken, as she has not consented to marry William. They are interrupted by the arrival of Lady Russell and, in the commotion of additional visitors, are unable to speak privately. Wentworth slips away and subsequently writes a note for Anne, confessing his long-held love and his desire to marry her.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Anne excuses herself from the visitors and runs after Wentworth, but cannot find him. She encounters her good friend Mrs. Smith, who informs her that William has been deceitful. He covets the baronetcy and, once married to Anne, planned to establish Mrs. Clay as his mistress. This would avert Mrs. Clay's potential marriage to Sir Walter and the possible birth of a male heir, which could have prevented William from inheriting the title. Anne then continues her search for Wentworth and comes across Harville, who gives her Wentworth's note to read.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Running along the Royal Crescent, Anne finally finds Wentworth, and accepts his proposal. Wentworth asks if she is sure. Anne replies that she has never been more determined in her life, and kisses him.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: On 10 November 2005, "The Guardian's" Julia Day reported ITV controller of drama, Nick Elliott, had ordered three new adaptations of "Mansfield Park", "Northanger Abbey" and "Persuasion". Elliot commented that the adaptations would be "important remakes for the new generation". He explained "About every 10 years, all the great stories need retelling. These films will be very much 2007 films... we've asked and pushed the production team to make them young." Screenwriter Simon Burke created the convention of a diary to aide the audience in understanding the intense feelings of loss the outwardly reserved Anne Elliot was going through. Using small parts of Austen's narration, he placed it in the hand of Anne. After much reading and research, Hawkins came to view the character of Anne Elliot as a view of Jane Austen herself. With Hawkins over-voicing the diary entries the person of Jane Austen is brought to life. This, coupled with director Adrian Shergold having Anne occasionally break the Fourth wall lent a sense of intimacy between the audience and the lead character, and with Jane Austen.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Elliott revealed that he had deliberately shied away from ordering adaptations of "Pride and Prejudice" and "Sense and Sensibility" to focus on Austen's lesser known works. Each of the three productions created during the Jane Austen Season were made by a different company, cast and director, so they each had "a distinct look".


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Karen Price from the "Western Mail" reported ITV had promised the "cream of British acting talent", while they were casting the three adaptations. Actress Sally Hawkins was asked to play "Persuasion's" protagonist Anne Elliot. Hawkins was familiar with Austen from school, and though flattered to be asked to play the role, she was initially hesitant about returning to Austen. "I re-read the books and fell in love with Jane Austen completely... I had been slightly dismissive, and the fact that I was dismissive is shameful to me now. It's like being dismissive of Dickens or Beckett. Her work had never really come into my world before and I'm so glad it has." Having re-read all of Austen's works, she researched deeper, reading the author's personal letters and biographies. Speaking to "The Independent's" Amy Raphael, Hawkins explained "Jane was an incredible woman. She was only in her early forties when she died. I became convinced that "Persuasion" was about her own love life; Anne Elliot took the wrong advice and left the man who turned out to be the love of her life. She is the type of woman you'd like to be: reserved, refined, funny. I totally fell in love with her."


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: On 17 September 2006, the "Western Mail"'s Nathan Bevan revealed that "Spooks" actor Rupert Penry-Jones had joined the cast as Captain Wentworth. The role was Penry-Jones' first lead part in a costume drama. He remarked, "In modern drama everything is so overt. In period drama it's all held in. You have to find ways to show the feelings straining beneath the surface." The actor added that he enjoyed playing Wentworth "because, beyond his social grace and charm, there's a bitterness and sadness because the love of his life, Anne Elliot, rejected him." Five days later, it was announced that Julia Davis and Anthony Head would be appearing as Elizabeth Elliot and Sir Walter Elliot respectively.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: The costume designer for "Persuasion" was Andrea Galer. Galer made Anne's outfits simple and basic because she does not join in Bath society. The designer explained "I wanted her to look in tune with nature. Because we were shooting in winter, I could go for faded autumnal colours for her. She gets Wentworth back just by her stillness and I wanted to reflect that in her wardrobe." Galer designed a jacket for Hawkins to wear as Anne using a 19th-century shawl, which she mounted and patched together with a cross stitch. She used hand loom fabric from India and the Sri Lanakan crafted Beeralu lace to decorate some of the garments. In 2008, costumes from "Persuasion" went on display at the Jane Austen Centre in Bath. The exhibition included creations worn by Anne, Lady Russell and the Musgrove sisters. Four years later, many of the costumes from "Persuasion" and "Miss Austen Regrets" were sold in an online auction organised by the Jane Austen Centre. Galer admitted that while it was difficult to part with them, it was time to move on and she hoped they had been bought because of their association with the Austen films. Galer commented "It was difficult to do but I did it. I suppose the one outfit that did sell that I would've been happy if it hadn't was the Harris tweed jacket and dress worn by Sally Hawkins when she played Anne Elliot in "Persuasion"."


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "Persuasion" was the first of the three adaptations to begin development. For director, ITV hired Adrian Shergold, known for working on "gritty" films such as "Pierrepoint" (2005). Producer David Snodin explained, "Bringing Adrian on board is a statement in itself because he is not known for doing conventional versions of the classics. It is a lot to do with the way he likes the camera to move – it's right in on people's faces – and he is creating something much more contemporary than you'd expect." Shergold agreed to direct "Persuasion" only after learning Hawkins was playing Anne Elliot. He said, "She inhabits every inch of the characters she plays."


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: ITV launched a nationwide campaign to promote its Jane Austen Season. The campaign included three television adverts and cinema, outdoor and press adverts. ITV Creative made the 20, 30 and 60 second promotional trailers, which began airing on ITV channels from 25 February 2007. The following day, adverts began appearing in selected national press publications. The outdoor and press adverts were created by M&C Saatchi, while MindShare carried out the media buying.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "Persuasion" was the third of the Austen adaptations to be shown in the UK. It was broadcast on ITV at 9:00 pm on 1 April 2007. The drama aired on the TVOntario channel in Canada on 30 December 2007. "Persuasion" was shown on 13 January 2008 on the US channel PBS as part of their Austen "Masterpiece Theatre" series. On 8 June, the film was broadcast on Australia's ABC1 channel.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "Persuasion" was well received by audiences, attracting 6.2 million viewers and a 26.1% audience share upon its initial broadcast in the United Kingdom. 939,000 Australian viewers watched the drama when it aired on ABC1 in June 2008. Four newspaper publications selected the drama as their "Pick of the Day." The period drama has an 80% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: Critics compared the production with previous renditions of "Persuasion" and with other productions of well known Austen works. The "Daily Post" chose "Persuasion" as "the best of the three offerings in this series." However, Matthew Gilbert of "The Boston Globe" opined that the adaptation "pale[d] in comparison with the extraordinary 1995 version." David Wiegand of the "San Francisco Chronicle" expressed strong dissatisfaction with the adaptation, especially when compared to the 1995 "Pride and Prejudice" series and the 1996 production of "Emma".


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: The performance by Hawkins was well received by most. "Variety" noted "Persuasion" "offers an appealing heroine, with Hawkins proving especially vulnerable as the passive Anne, who again risks letting a lifetime of happiness slip away from her." Conversely, the "Irish Independent"s John Boland called Hawkins the "crucial flaw" of the production. Boland continued, "She looked suitably guarded and gauche at the outset but then chose, and was allowed, to become increasingly gormless, so that long before the end you were left wondering what on earth Captain Wentworth had ever seen in this open-mouthed, inarticulate eejit. It was the worst piece of miscasting since Tom Cruise was asked to impersonate an icy hit-man in "Collateral"." "The Age" thought Penry-Jones too handsome for the role of Captain Wentworth.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "The Independent" reported that Janeites were "horrified by the inappropriate kissing" in the adaptation.


title: Persuasion (2007 film)

text: "Persuasion" garnered a nomination for Best Drama at the 2007 Prix Italia. For her portrayal of Anne Elliot, Hawkins was named Best Actress at the Royal Television Society Awards and she won the Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Film award at the Monte-Carlo Television Festival. Davis and Krige also received nominations in the same category, while Head and Penry-Jones were both nominated for Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Film. At the 2007 RTS Craft & Design Awards, Kevin Horsewood won the Best Visual Effects – Picture Enhancement award. Shergold earned a nomination in the Director of Fiction/Entertainment category at the 2008 British Academy Television Craft Awards.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: Dreamland is the third studio album by English indie rock band Glass Animals. It was released on 7 August 2020, having been pushed back from its initial release date of 10 July 2020.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: "Dreamland" is the band's first album since "How to Be a Human Being" (2016) and was conceived in the aftermath of their drummer being involved in a near-fatal collision in July 2018. The album was written and produced almost entirely by frontman Dave Bayley and features heavily autobiographical lyrics, a radical difference from the band's previous work. It derives musical and lyrical inspiration from Bayley's childhood in Texas, particularly from the popular culture and media of 1990s and early 2000s America. The album has been described as being "drenched in" nostalgia and is structured around a series of interludes of audio from Bayley's childhood home videos. "Dreamland" was influenced by the R&B and hip hop music from the early 2000s, and features an appearance from American rapper Denzel Curry.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: "Dreamland" received mostly favourable reviews from music critics and debuted at number 2 on the UK Albums Chart and number 7 on the US "Billboard" 200. Five singles were issued in promotion of the album: "Tokyo Drifting" (with Denzel Curry), "Your Love (Déjà Vu)", the eponymously named "Dreamland", the chart-topping "Heat Waves", and "It's All So Incredibly Loud". A visual album, entitled "Dreamland: The Home Movies", was released on VHS shortly after the album's release.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 2 July 2018, Glass Animals drummer Joe Seaward was hit by a lorry while cycling in Dublin, Ireland and suffered a broken leg and fractured skull, and subsequently underwent brain surgery. The band cancelled their remaining tour dates for rest of the year as a result. With Seaward's fate unknown at the time, Dave Bayley said it was "difficult to look forwards" and he found himself looking backwards, thinking back to old memories and "finding comfort in them even if they were uncomfortable in themselves". In September 2018, Seaward posted an update detailing his recovery in having to learn to talk, read, and walk again, and revealed he started playing the drums again.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: While Seaward was in recovery, Bayley travelled repeatedly to Los Angeles. He was providing songwriting and production contributions to the music of other artists, including 6lack, King Princess, Khalid and DJ Dahi. While writing for other artists, Bayley learned how other artists wrote about themselves and he began writing lyrics with more personal themes. The positive reception to his more personal songwriting inspired Bayley to do the same in his own music for Glass Animals. The second Glass Animals record, "How to Be a Human Being" (2016), was a concept album featuring 11 songs with each song representing a person. The songs were inspired by people they met and stories they were told during their travels while promoting their debut album "Zaba" (2014). Bayley had mostly refused to write autobiographical songs before, using other real and fictional characters as his inspiration. However, the final track on "How to Be a Human Being", "Agnes", was about a friend who committed suicide. Bayley told "The Independent" that writing "Agnes" "opened the door" to "Dreamland".


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: "Dreamland" was recorded in London in 2019, with Seaward participating. Most of the album was formulated by Bayley, but his bandmates were responsible for some of the more technical performances on the album and were involved in deciding which songs to put on the album. "Dreamland" was almost entirely produced by Bayley, although he had assistance from the band's longtime mentor Paul Epworth. American hip hop record producer Mike Dean was also present during some of the album's recording. The album was mixed by Bayley, David Wrench, Manny Marroquin and MixedByAli.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: "Dreamland" was written and produced almost entirely by frontman Dave Bayley. The album's lyrics are highly autobiographical in nature, with many publications calling the album a "memoir". "Dreamland" is an exploration of Bayley's life from his first memories growing up in Texas up to his most recent. In a press release, Bayley said: The idea of "Dreamland" is to go from my first memory up until now, through all the big realizations that happen in life. It's about the things that happened and the people that surrounded me in that time, good things, bad things, horrific things, funny things, confusing things, bits where I hated myself, bits where I hated other people, first loves, discovering sexuality, sadness, abandonment, mental health. It's just painting pictures of those moments and times that, looking back, make you who you are.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: The album is structured around "home movie" interlude skits featuring audio from home movies that were videotaped by Bayley's mother Orit Braha during his childhood. The short interludes feature his mother stating the current date as 7 May 1994, discussing "Sesame Street" and rockets with Bayley, and laughing at Bayley putting his shoes on wrong. With his childhood in Texas as the album's backdrop, Bayley intended to create a "combination of sounds" that he grew up with as well as blending references to "what I was eating, watching on TV, what I would do in my spare time, who my friends were." Accordingly, the album features audio of children's voices and computer game sound effects. The lyrical references on the album include Memorex, Kodachrome, ice cream sandwiches, Mr. Miyagi, ramen noodles, "Friends", "Space Ghost Coast to Coast", "Grand Theft Auto", Dr. Dre, "Doom", "Quake", the Geo Metro, "Pokémon", bottle rockets, Dunkaroos, Capri Sun, kickball, "GoldenEye 007", Hot Pockets, "Street Fighter", Michael Jordan, Scottie Pippen, Pete Tong, "G.I. Joe", Air Force 1s, "Aquemini", Pepsi Blue, "Scooby-Doo", Froot Loops and "The Price Is Right".


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: The album's instrumentation and production borrow heavily from R&B, pop and hip hop from the early 2000s, as well as rock music of the 1960s. As a child in Texas, Bayley listened to a radio station that played hip hop songs by artists including Missy Elliot, Dr. Dre, Eminem and producer Timbaland. These artists influenced the music of "Dreamland", as well as Talking Heads, The Beatles, The Beach Boys, Nina Simone, Otis Redding and Bob Marley, artists who Bayley gained an appreciation for from his parents. The Strokes and Radiohead also lend an influence to the melodies on "Dreamland". The album's sound was shaped by its inspired recording process, which involved Bayley purchasing instruments that he felt The Beatles and The Beach Boys would have used and resampling them on samplers that Timbaland and Dr. Dre used. Conversely, Bayley also used samplers that Dr. Dre and Timbaland used and recorded them through tape machines and amplifiers that he felt the Beatles and Beach Boys would have used.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 13 November 2019, Glass Animals released "Tokyo Drifting", a collaboration with American rapper Denzel Curry.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 19 February 2020, the band released the single "Your Love (Déjà Vu)". On 1 May 2020, the band released a single named "Dreamland", and announced an album of the same name to be released on 10 July 2020. On 28 June 2020, the band announced that the album had been delayed to 7 August, in order to "keep focus on the Black Lives Matter movement and the discussions taking place around racism and police brutality around the world." On 29 June 2020, "Heat Waves" was released as a single. On 27 July 2020, the band shared a video of frontman Dave Bayley and guitarist Drew MacFarlane performing "Heat Waves" live under a "Dreamland" billboard on a street in the London Borough of Hackney. "It's All So Incredibly Loud" was released as a single on 31 July 2020.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: In promotion of the album, the band redesigned their official website to look and operate like the desktop of a Windows 98 computer.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: In October 2020, Glass Animals released a re-recorded new version of the track "Tangerine", this time with British singer Arlo Parks.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 25 March 2021, a new version of "Heat Waves", this time with Puerto Rican rapper Iann Dior, was released.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 13 May 2021, a music video for "Space Ghost Coast to Coast" was released. Inspired by video games, the surrealist video features Bailey dancing in a park around naked bodies. On 20 May 2021, a new version of "Space Ghost Coast to Coast", this time with British singer Bree Runway, was released.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: On 9 August 2020, the band premiered the "visual album" "Dreamland: The Home Movies" in a one-time YouTube livestream. The 45-minute long film was edited by guitarist Drew MacFarlane and contains footage from Bayley's home videos as well as unseen footage from throughout the band's career, and is soundtracked by the album. The next day, the film was put up for sale on the band's website in the form of VHS tapes that were handmade and packaged by members of the band.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: Bayley conceptualised the cover artwork to feature objects from throughout his life scattered in the air, inspired by the "I Spy" children's book series. One of the band members suggested adding Bayley's head for the artwork to have a focus point. The band created all the artwork for the album in a computer programme which uses 3D graphics. The standard cover artwork features a floating 3D scan of Bayley's head around neon text and 3D objects. It was inspired by the 1980s and 1990s aesthetic employed in the vapourwave microgenre, and was intentionally designed to induce feelings of nostalgia.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: The standard vinyl LP and the CD edition were issued with the standard cover artwork. Six limited-edition physical copies and a digital edition were all issued with alternative covers. The four different limited-edition cassettes were issued with four different colourways, each featuring one of the four 3D head scans of Glass Animals members Dave Bayley, Drew MacFarlane, Edmund Irwin-Singer and Joe Seaward. The limited-edition deluxe vinyl was issued as translucent vinyl LP with purple splatter. The limited-edition picture disc was issued as a vinyl LP featuring a zoetrope animation of a 3D head scan rotating. The album was also sold in limited edition in a compressed form on two floppy discs.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: "Dreamland" received favourable reviews from music critics. The album has a score of 75 out of 100 on Metacritic, indicating "generally favorable reviews", based on 11 reviews.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: Jenessa Williams of "DIY" gave the album a perfect score, calling it "Dave's opus" and praising the band for "pulling together all of their strengths and vulnerabilities". Robin Murray of "Clash" summarised it as a "record that balances its need for fresh innovation with an adherence to melody" and also praised the album's structure, calling it "superbly designed" between its main songs and interludes. Heather Phares of AllMusic praised Bayley's "fluency at melding R&B and hip-hop elements into Glass Animals' music" and called it the band's "most cohesive" album to date. Roisin O'Connor of "The Independent" praised the "analytical detail" in Bayley's lyrics about childhood for making "Dreamland" a "complex, thoughtful and moving record". Dave Everley of "Q" wrote, "The nostalgia would be overwhelming were it not for Bayley's ability to offset it with woozy, elastic beats". Hannah Mylrea of "NME" wrote that the album "is stuffed with effervescent nuggets of pop gold" and praised the "new strength and resilience" of Bayley's personal storytelling. Helena Wadia of the "Evening Standard" praised "Your Love (Déjà Vu)" and "Tokyo Drifting" as the album's "standout" tracks, but criticised the rest of the songs as "disappointing" in their blending into one another.


title: Dreamland (Glass Animals album)

text: Aimee Cliff of "The Guardian" pointed to the production of "Tokyo Drifting" and the chorus of "Tangerine" as examples of the album bordering on "self-pastiche" at times, but nonetheless praised the "soft and searing" subject matter of "Domestic Bliss". In a mixed review, Charles Lyons-Burt of "Slant Magazine" criticised "Dreamland"s focus on Bayley's "mundane" realities and felt that Glass Animals' previous music which focused on the lives of others offered a "more enveloping experience, fleshing out imagined places and people with an intrigue that's missing here." Ian Cohen of "Pitchfork" criticised Bayley's shift to autobiographical lyrics and wrote, ""Dreamland" falls prey to the unfortunate mode of modern branding that conflates personal nostalgia with making a point."


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: Jordan was born on March 14, 1979 in Houston Texas. He grew up in Texas and Webb City, Missouri, graduating from Webb City High School in 1997. Jordan went to college at Missouri Southern in Joplin and graduated from UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television with a Master of Fine Arts in Acting.


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: Jordan has had roles in series such as "Veronica Mars", playing two different characters (Lucky, a janitor at Neptune High, and Tim Foyle), and has also appeared in "Without a Trace", "Seraphim Falls", "Just Legal", "Cold Case", "Close to Home" and "" among other prime-time television dramas.


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: Jordan has guest-starred on TNT's "The Closer", Fox's "24" opposite Kiefer Sutherland, and he had a guest star role on FX's Elmore Leonard-inspired series "Justified" starring Timothy Olyphant. Jordan was also cast as the mentally disturbed former Marine "Ray Brennan" in TNT's adaptation of April Smith's thriller novel "Good Morning, Killer". The film aired as part of TNT's Movie Mystery Night in December 2011.


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: In 2012, Jordan played one of the "Obamas" on HBO's hit series, "True Blood". He played "Ray", the anti-vampire bigot that takes Jessica Hamby hostage. He also played a role in "Best Night Ever", a comedy from the creators of the "Scary Movie" franchise, which was released in 2014. He guest starred on CBS' "The Mentalist" in the winter of 2012.


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: Jordan guest-starred in season three of Hulu series "Blue" starring Julia Stiles. Season three premiered in late March 2014. He was cast in two independent feature films in March 2015: "Message from the King" starring Chadwick Boseman, Luke Evans, Alfred Molina, directed by Fabrice Du Welz, and in the Kelly Reichardt directed ensemble piece Certain Women about life in small town Montana with Kristen Stewart, Laura Dern, and Michelle Williams. Both films were slated for released in 2016.


title: James Jordan (actor)

text: In 2017, Jordan appeared in Wind River, written and directed by Taylor Sheridan. In 2021, Jordan was cast in "Those Who Wish Me Dead". Jordan also had recurring roles in several Sheridan created television shows such as Yellowstone, Mayor of Kingstown, and 1883.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: Missing (stylized as missing.) is a 1982 biographical drama film directed by Costa-Gavras from a screenplay written by Gavras and Donald E. Stewart, adapted from the book "The Execution of Charles Horman: An American Sacrifice" (1978) by Thomas Hauser (later republished under the title "Missing" in 1982), based on the disappearance of American journalist Charles Horman, in the aftermath of the United States-backed Chilean coup of 1973, which deposed the democratically elected socialist President Salvador Allende.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: It stars Jack Lemmon, Sissy Spacek, Melanie Mayron, John Shea, Janice Rule and Charles Cioffi. Set largely during the days and weeks following Horman's disappearance, the film examines the relationship between Horman's wife Beth and his father Edmund and their subsequent quest to find Horman.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: "Missing" was theatrically released on February 12, 1982 to critical acclaim and modest commercial success, grossing $16 million on a $9.5 million budget. The film premiered at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival where it was jointly awarded the Palme d'Or (along with the Turkish film "Yol"), while Lemmon won the Best Actor prize. It received four nominations at the 55th Academy Awards; Best Picture, Best Actor (for Lemmon), Best Actress (for Spacek) and won Best Adapted Screenplay. The film created significant controversy in Chile and was banned during Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship, even though neither Chile nor Pinochet is ever mentioned by name (although the Chilean cities of Viña del Mar and Santiago are).


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: Ed Horman (Jack Lemmon) arrives in Chile to search for his son Charlie (John Shea), who worked as a journalist and disappeared during the recent military coup. Ed meets his daughter-in-law, Beth (Sissy Spacek), with whom he has a strained relationship and they fight over politics. Ed blames his son and daughter-in-law's radical political views for Charlie's disappearance, while Beth blames the American government. Ed uses his connections to meet with various government officials to find out the truth about his son's disappearance.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: As he investigates, Ed finds that the American embassy is not as helpful as he thought they would be and he suspects them of hiding information about Charlie. One U.S. diplomat is polite and friendly but constantly lies to him; a high-ranking American military attache is blunt and tells Ed that whatever happened to Charlie was his own fault, noting "You play with fire, you get burned." Together, he and Beth learn that the U.S. had many interests in the country that have been enhanced by the coup and its aftermath and that many military officials aided Pinochet in the coup. As Ed becomes disillusioned with the American government, he comes to respect the work Beth and Charlie were doing and he and Beth reconcile. When they receive proof that Charlie was murdered by the junta and that the U.S. let it happen, he tells the embassy officials "I just thank God we live in a country where we can still put people like you in jail!"


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: The film ends with a postscript stating that after his return to the United States, Ed received the body of his son Charlie seven months later, making an autopsy impossible, and that a subsequent lawsuit against the US government was dismissed. It also adds that the State Department denies its involvement in the Pinochet coup, a position maintained to the present day.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: The film was shot in Mexico with a budget of $9.5 million from Universal Studios, marking Costa-Gavras' most expensive production.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: The score is by the Greek electronic composer Vangelis. The movie's piano theme has been used extensively in commercials, but an official release of the film's soundtrack has not yet occurred. The main theme appeared first on Vangelis' 1989 album "Themes". The main theme is also available on the Festival de Cannes (60th Anniversary) compilation of famous soundtracks. A bootleg release of the soundtrack exists. A sung version with lyrics by Tim Rice has been recorded by Elaine Paige and Nana Mouskouri. A 7-inch single was released by Polydor in 1989.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: "Missing" was released in theaters on February 12, 1982, in limited theaters and was released widely on March 12, 1982, in 733 theaters. It ranked at #3 at the box office, grossing $2.3 million. In its first week, it grossed $5.5 million. In its second weekend, it landed at #5, making $1.8 million. For its second week, it made $2.3 million. After 49 days and 7 weeks in theaters, the film made between $14 and $16 million in the US.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: The film was released on both VHS and Laserdisc, in 1982 and 1987, by MCA Videocassette, MCA Videodisc, and MCA Home Video respectively. The VHS version was pulled from the market due to the lawsuit filed against director Costa-Gavras. Universal Home Video re-released "Missing" on DVD in 2004, following the dismissal of the lawsuit. A special edition DVD was released by The Criterion Collection in October 2008.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: In 1983, a year after the film's theatrical release, both the film (then in the home video market) and Thomas Hauser's book "The Execution of Charles Horman" were removed from the United States market following a lawsuit filed against Costa-Gavras and Universal Pictures's (then) parent company MCA by former ambassador Nathaniel Davis and two others for libel. A lawsuit against Hauser himself was dismissed because the statute of limitations had expired. Davis and his associates lost their lawsuit, after which the film was re-released by Universal in 2006.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: Roger Ebert gave the film three stars, writing that while the film was being cited for courage in criticism of the U.S. government, the criticism was clouded by its direction, but the best scenes were where Lemmon and Spacek's character were bogged down by the embassy's "niceties" in their search:By the time "Missing" begins its crucial last half-hour, a strange thing has happened. We care about this dead American, and his wife and father, almost despite the movie. The performances of Spacek and Lemmon carry us along through the movie's undisciplined stylistic displays.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: Vincent Canby, writing for "The New York Times", positively reviewed the film's message and Ricardo Aronovich's cinematography.


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: In his "2015 Movie Guide", Leonard Maltin awarded "Missing" three and a half stars, highlighting Lemmon's acting and crediting Costa-Gavras as a skilled director. The film has a 94% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 32 reviews with the consensus: "Thanks in large part to strong performances from Sissy Spacek and Jack Lemmon, "Missing" is both a gripping character exploration and an effective political thriller."


title: Missing (1982 film)

text: "Missing" won the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm) at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival, while Lemmon was awarded Best Actor for his performance.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: Duke of Buckingham held with Duke of Chandos, referring to Buckingham, is a title that has been created several times in the peerages of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. There have also been earls and marquesses of Buckingham.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: The first creation of the dukedom was on 14 September 1444, when Humphrey Stafford, was made Duke of Buckingham.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: On his father's side, Stafford was descended from Edmund de Stafford, who had been summoned to Parliament as Lord Stafford in 1299. The second Baron had been created Earl of Stafford in 1351. On his mother's side, Stafford was the son of Anne of Gloucester, Countess of Buckingham, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham (later Duke of Gloucester), youngest son of King Edward III of England. Stafford was an important supporter of the House of Lancaster in the Wars of the Roses, and was killed at the Battle of Northampton in July 1460.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: The 1st Duke of Buckingham was succeeded by his grandson, Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, who aided Richard III in his claiming the throne in 1483 (Edward IV of England's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville having been declared null and void and Edward's sons illegitimate by Act of Parliament Titulus Regius), but who then led a revolt against Richard and was executed later that same year. His titles were forfeited along with the dukedom.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: His son, Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, was restored to the title upon Henry VII's accession to the throne in 1485, but he was ultimately executed for treason in 1521 due to his opposition to Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, Henry VIII's chief advisor. At this time the title became extinct; it was posthumously attainted in 1523.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: The second creation of the dukedom was in 1623 for George Villiers, a favourite of James I of England. He had previously been made "Baron Whaddon", of Whaddon in the County of Buckingham, and "Viscount Villiers" in 1616, then "Earl of Buckingham" in 1617, then "Marquess of Buckingham" in 1618 until he was also created "Earl of Coventry" and "Duke of Buckingham" in 1623. Buckingham, who continued in office as chief minister into the reign of James's son, Charles I, was responsible for a policy of war against Spain and France. In 1628 he was assassinated by John Felton, a disgruntled army officer who had served under him, as he prepared an expedition to relieve the Huguenots of La Rochelle.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: His son, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, was a notable advisor in the reign of Charles II, and along with Lord Ashley made up the Protestant axis of the famous Cabal Ministry. He started the first foxhunt in England, The Bilsdale Hunt in 1668 and later started the Sinnington Hunt in 1680. After digging for a fox above Kirkbymoorside, and being too far from his home in Helmsley, North Yorkshire, he died from a chill in the house of a tenant. With his death in 1687, the title again became extinct.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: Several other members of the Villiers family have been elevated to the peerage. Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey, and John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck, were brothers of the first Duke of Buckingham. Also, Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, was the great-nephew of the first Duke of Buckingham while Thomas Villiers, 1st Earl of Clarendon, was the second son of the second Earl of Jersey.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: The third creation of the dukedom, as "Duke of Buckingham and Normanby", was in 1703 for John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave, 1st Marquess of Normanby, a notable Tory politician of the late Stuart period, who served under Queen Anne as Lord Privy Seal and Lord President of the Council. The dukedom was created in the Peerage of England. The full title was "Duke of the County of Buckingham and of Normanby" but in practice only "Duke of Buckingham and Normanby" was used. The duke's family descended from Sir Edmund Sheffield, second cousin of Henry VIII, who in 1547 was raised to the Peerage of England as "Baron Sheffield" and in 1549 was killed in the streets of Norwich during Kett's Rebellion.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: On the death of the 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1735, the titles became extinct. The Sheffield family estates passed to the 2nd Duke's half-brother Charles Herbert Sheffield, the illegitimate son of the 1st Duke by Frances Stewart. He was created a Baronet in 1755 and is the ancestor of the Sheffield Baronets, of Normanby.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: The fourth creation of the dukedom, as "Duke of Buckingham and Chandos" in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, was in 1822 for Richard Temple-Grenville, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham, a landowner and politician.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: He was the son of George Nugent Temple Grenville, 3rd Earl Temple, who was the son of Prime Minister George Grenville, and who had been created "Marquess of Buckingham" in the peerage of Great Britain in 1784. The 1st Marquess of Buckingham had married Lady Mary Nugent, daughter of Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent. Mary was in 1800 created Baroness Nugent in her own right in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to her second son George (see the Baron Nugent). In 1788 Lord Buckingham also succeeded his father-in-law as second Earl Nugent according to a special remainder in the letters patent, and at the same time assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Nugent.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: After the 1st Marquess of Buckingham's death in 1813, his titles passed to his son Richard Temple-Grenville, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham. He married Lady Anne Eliza Brydges, the only child of James Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos (a title which became extinct on his death in 1789), and assumed by Royal licence the additional surnames of Brydges-Chandos in 1799. In 1822 Lord Buckingham was created "Earl Temple of Stowe", in the County of Buckingham, "Marquess of Chandos" and "Duke of Buckingham and Chandos", all in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The earldom was created with remainder, failing male issue of his own, to (1) the heirs male of the body of his deceased great-grandmother Hester Grenville, 1st Countess Temple, and (2) in default thereof to his granddaughter Lady Anne Eliza Mary Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, daughter of his son Richard, who succeeded as second Duke in 1839.


title: Duke of Buckingham

text: After the 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos' death in 1861, the titles passed to his son, the third Duke. He was also a prominent politician and served as Lord President of the Council and as Secretary of State for the Colonies. In 1868 the Duke established his right to the Scottish lordship of Kinloss before the Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords. On his death in 1889 without male issue, the dukedom and its subsidiary titles (the marquessate of Buckingham, marquessate of Chandos, earldom of Temple and earldom of Nugent) became extinct. The lordship of Kinloss passed to his daughter Mary. The earldom of Temple of Stowe passed to his sister's son William Temple-Gore-Langton because the title had been created with a special remainder to her heirs male. The viscountcy of Cobham, which had also been created with a special remainder, passed to Charles Lyttelton, 5th Baron Lyttelton, a descendant of Hester Grenville, 1st Countess Temple's sister Christian, who had married Sir Thomas Lyttelton, 4th Baronet.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Ralph William John Brown (born 18 June 1957) is an English actor and writer, known for playing Danny the drug dealer in "Withnail and I", the security guard Aaron (a.k.a. "85") in "Alien 3", DJ Bob Silver in "The Boat That Rocked" aka "Pirate Radio", super-roadie Del Preston in "Wayne's World 2", the pilot Ric Olié in "" and Henry Clinton in "". He won The Samuel Beckett Award for his first play "Sanctuary" written for Joint Stock Theatre Company in 1987, and the Raindance and Sapporo Film Festival awards for his first screenplay for the British film "New Year's Day" in 2001.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown was born in Cambridge, the son of Heather R. and John F. W. Brown. He has a younger brother, Paul. He lived in Portsmouth, Hampshire until the age of seven, then moved to East Sussex where he attended Lewes Priory School. He graduated from the London School of Economics and Political Science with a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B) in 1979.


title: Ralph Brown

text: His film roles include Dil's on-off boyfriend Dave in the Academy Award-winning film "The Crying Game", Danny the drug dealer in "Withnail & I", Great Train Robber Ronnie Biggs in "Buster", roadie Del Preston in "Wayne's World 2", teacher and rugby league player Phil in "Up 'n' Under", prison guard captain Mr Burton in "Mean Machine", Sgt Major Harris in the Paul Schrader film "", and CIA renegade Mr Collins alongside Wesley Snipes in "The Contractor". In 1997, Brown appeared in Steven Spielberg's slavery epic "Amistad". In 2007, he was cast in "Caught in the Act", an independent British film.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown starred as DJ Bob Silver in "The Boat That Rocked" aka "Pirate Radio" (2009), written and directed by Richard Curtis; "Huge" directed by Ben Miller (2009), "The Kid" (2010), directed by Nick Moran; "Mission: London", a Bulgarian comedy directed by Dimitar Mitoviski which premiered in Sofia on 13 April 2010, and "Sus" (2010), written by Barrie Keeffe and directed by Robert Heath. He worked on the film "Killing Bono" (2010) and the feature film "Dark Tide" (2010) in Cape Town, opposite Halle Berry, "I, Anna" (2011) with Gabriel Byrne and Charlotte Rampling, then went on to work on "Tower Block" (2012) in London, "Jack the Giant Slayer" (2013) directed by Bryan Singer, and "Stoker" (2013) in Nashville, directed by Park Chan-wook. In 2016 he was cast in Final Score in West Ham United's recently abandoned Boleyn Ground with Dave Bautista, directed by Scott Mann. He worked with Will Smith in Ang Lee's "Gemini Man" (2019).


title: Ralph Brown

text: Among TV appearances, Brown appeared as PC Pete Muswell in "The Bill" from 1985 to 1986; guest starred as Captain Carlisle in "A Touch of Frost" in 1996; appeared in Dennis Potter's "Karaoke" in 1995; portrayed Prince John in the BBC's adaptation of Sir Walter Scott's "Ivanhoe" in 1997; appeared as John Geddes in the ITV post-apocalyptic drama serial "The Last Train"; appeared as the moustachioed policeman Wintersgill in the Channel 4/Showtime series "Cape Wrath"; and did a memorable turn as shaven-headed gang-boss "Miami Vice" in the 2000 series "Lock, Stock...The Series".


title: Ralph Brown

text: In 2005, he appeared in "Coronation Street" as Barney, roadie to Status Quo, and with Julia Davis in the cult TV sitcom "Nighty Night" as perverted new-age sex therapist Jacques. In 2007, he appeared in the final two episodes of "Life on Mars" as Frank Morgan, an interim DCI in 1973 sequences, and Sam's (John Simm's) surgeon in 2006 sequences.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown played Sarah Solemani's father in "Him & Her", which began airing in 2010 and continued through 2014 for BBC Three comedy, winning a BAFTA for the final series, "The Wedding." In 2012, he worked on "Inspector George Gently" with Martin Shaw, "The Poison Tree" for ITV, and "The Mimic" for C4. In 2013, he worked on the aborted Marvin Gaye film "Sexual Healing" directed by Julian Temple, and the ABC series "The Assets" in Vilnius, Lithuania. In 2014, he was cast in "Babylon" for C4 and "Elementary" for CBS, followed by "TURN: Washington's Spies" for AMC, playing General Sir Henry Clinton, leader of the redcoats. Brown returned for seasons 3 and 4 of the series. He also played Johann Fennhoff (Dr Faustus), in "Agent Carter" for Marvel, and guest starred on "Blacklist".


title: Ralph Brown

text: In 2015 Brown starred in all ten episodes of "Legends" with Sean Bean, with whom he had worked on "Extremely Dangerous" in the early 1990s. In 2016-17 he returned to Prague with showrunner Ken Biller to shoot "" for Nat Geo, which premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in April 2017.


title: Ralph Brown

text: In September 2017 Brown travelled to Guadeloupe for a guest role in the BBC show "Death In Paradise".


title: Ralph Brown

text: In 2021, Brown portrayed former U.S. President Lyndon Johnson in two episodes of "Godfather of Harlem", a series on EPIX which explores the intersection between the criminal underworld and civil rights movement in the 1960s.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown starred as IRA Commander Jimmy Muldoon in the Tony Award winning Broadway play "The Ferryman" at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre from 19 February until 7 July 2019.


title: Ralph Brown

text: In his early years, Brown was involved with the Moving Parts Theatre Company with Rachel Feldberg, Ruth Mackenzie, Anita Lewton, and Saffron Myers. John Godber adapted A Clockwork Orange for Man In The Moon, King's Road, then Brown appeared in West written & directed by Steven Berkoff at the Donmar for five months (also shot for C4). Followed by Royal Court Theatre "Panic", Joint Stock "Deadlines", The RSC "Earwig" by Paula Milne, and The Everyman in Liverpool playing the title role in Macbeth. Retired from the stage shortly thereafter, and returned briefly 20 years later at The Bush Theatre to play guitar in punk play The Dysfunkshonalz by writer Mike Packer. After only one play in 30 years Brown joined "The Ferryman" company on Broadway in February 2019 which won four Tony Awards for Best Play, Best Director, Best Set Design and Best Costume.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Ralph Brown wrote the play "Sanctuary" for Joint Stock Theatre Company in 1987 which toured the UK and won the Samuel Beckett Award in 1987 for "best first play".


title: Ralph Brown

text: The No-Neck Monsters Theatre Company brought the playwright and actor to Washington, D.C. from London to adapt his 1987 Samuel Beckett Award-winning new play "Sanctuary." Re-written as a rap musical for the "No Necks", the show became a successful and controversial production capturing homelessness, runaways and crack hitting the streets of D.C. Scott Davenport Richards wrote the music for the rap musical and it was directed by Gwendolyn Wynne. The first rap musical in the region "The Washington Post, NPR, American Theatre Magazine" and "McNeil/Lehrer Newshour" amongst others reported on the production. The production was nominated for three Helen Hayes Awards: Outstanding Resident Musical, Outstanding Lead Actress (Deidre L. Johnson) in a Resident Musical, and Outstanding Sound Design. Performers featured were Teagle F. Bougere, Erik Todd Dellums, Paul G. Griffin, Deidra L. Johnson, Helen Patton and Barbara Robinson.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown has written two plays, both rap musicals: "Sanctuary" for Joint Stock Theatre Company (Samuel Beckett Award 1987), adapted for the stage in Washington, D.C., as "Sanctuary D.C." produced by No-Neck Monsters Theatre Company (three nominations for Helen Hayes Award 1988). His second play "The House That Crack Built" has never been produced.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown wrote the screenplay for the film New Year's Day directed by Suri Krishnamma in 1999, released in 2001 after screening at Sundance Film Festival and winning Raindance Film Festival award in 2001 and Sapporo Film Festival in the same year.


title: Ralph Brown

text: Brown also wrote the screenplays for the abandoned films "Red Light Runners", "High Times" and "In God's Footsteps".


title: Ralph Brown

text: He was a regular contributor to the Readers Recommend music blog in "The Guardian", now at Song-Bar.com


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: Duran Duran (commonly known as The Wedding Album) is the seventh studio album and the second self-titled album by English new wave band Duran Duran. It was released on 11 February 1993 by Parlophone.


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: After dwindling commercial success in the early 1990s, Duran Duran returned to the UK top five and US top 10 with this album, which has been certified Gold in the UK and Platinum in the US. The singles "Ordinary World" and "Come Undone" reached the US top 10 of the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: Recording of the album was completed in early 1992 with an impending release by Capitol Records in the United States. Duran Duran's new management company, Left Bank, was distressed at the apparent lack of enthusiasm for the album and had it pulled from the release schedule. Manager Tommy Manzi later told HitQuarters it was the industry that were unenthusiastic about the return of the band rather than the music consumer. Manzi said that industry insiders "laughed at" Left Bank while they worked on reviving the careers of not only Duran Duran but also Meat Loaf because they would rather focus on "the next hip band" than perceived "old" acts. As it happened, the album reached No. 4 in the UK Albums Chart, their highest charting album since 1983's "Seven and the Ragged Tiger".


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: In the UK, three singles from the album reached the Top 40 including "Ordinary World" (#6), "Come Undone" (#13) and "Too Much Information" (#35). Four singles taken from the album charted in the US: "Ordinary World" (#3), "Come Undone" (#7), "Too Much Information" and "Drowning Man". "Breath After Breath", a collaboration with Milton Nascimento, was released only in Brazil, "None of the Above" in Japan and "Femme Fatale" (cover of The Velvet Underground song) in France. The song "Sin of the City" is about the Happy Land arson fire that killed 87 people trapped in an unlicensed social club in New York City on 25 March 1990. The short track "Shotgun" is a kind of a cover of the 1965 single of the same name by Jr. Walker and the All Stars.


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: During the hiatus, while waiting for the album to be released, the band began working on what would become the "Thank You" album, with John Jones, and a Warren Cuccurullo-derived riff of "First Impression" led to the rapid inclusion of the song "Come Undone".


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: While officially titled "Duran Duran" worldwide, the general belief that the alternative name was first adopted by fans post-release — due to the use of the members' parents’ wedding photos on the cover and to differentiate it from the band's 1981 album — is incorrect. Instead, the name was originally used on two different UK promo cassettes prior to release – one calling it "The Wedding" and the other "The Wedding Album".


title: Duran Duran (1993 album)

text: While this name was officially dropped before release – with, for example, the UK & US TV adverts calling it simply "Duran Duran" – uniquely, the commercially released UK cassette version still titled it "Duran Duran (The Wedding Album)" on the tape itself, though this was almost certainly in error.


title: Toyota TR engine

text: The Toyota TR engine is a family of gasoline engines that appeared in 2004. They are mainly used for Toyota Hilux and other vehicles in the Toyota IMV platform; and are designed to be mounted longitudinally for pickup RWD and 4WD pickup applications.


title: Toyota TR engine

text: The 1TR-FE is a Straight-4 gasoline engine. It features DOHC, 16 valves and VVT-i. Bore and stroke is 86 mm × 86 mm (3.39 in × 3.39 in). Its power is at 5,600 rpm, and of torque at 4,000 rpm with redline of 6000 rpm.


title: Toyota TR engine

text: Just like its sister, the 2TR-FE engine, the 1TR-FE engine also received a Dual VVT-i update. The updated power is at 5,600 rpm.


title: Toyota TR engine

text: The 1TR-FPE is an LPG version of the 1TR-FE engine. Its power is at 4,800 rpm and torque is at 3,700 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.6:1. Bore and stroke is .


title: Toyota TR engine

text: The 2TR-FE is a Straight-4 gasoline engine. It features DOHC, 16 valves and VVT-i. Maximum power is at 5,200 rpm, and of torque at 3,800 rpm with redline of 5500 rpm. The bore and stroke are . The compression ratio is 9.6:1 for the single VVT-i. Average fuel consumption using the JC08 method is .


title: Toyota TR engine

text: The 2TR-FE received updates in 2015 to feature Dual VVT-i. The maximum power with Dual VVT-i is at 5,200 rpm, and of torque at 3,800 rpm. The compression ratio is raised to 10.2:1 for the Dual VVT-i version.


title: Thoughtcrime

text: Thoughtcrime is a word coined by George Orwell in his 1949 dystopian novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four". It describes a person's politically unorthodox thoughts, such as unspoken beliefs and doubts that contradict the tenets of Ingsoc (English Socialism), the dominant ideology of Oceania. In the official language of Newspeak, the word crimethink describes the intellectual actions of a person who entertains and holds politically unacceptable thoughts; thus the government of the Party controls the speech, the actions, and the thoughts of the citizens of Oceania. In contemporary English usage, the word "thoughtcrime" describes beliefs that are contrary to accepted norms of society, and is used to describe theological concepts, such as disbelief and idolatry, and the rejection of an ideology.


title: Thoughtcrime

text: In the story of "Nineteen Eighty-Four", the "Thinkpol" (Thought Police) are responsible for the detection and elimination of thoughtcrime, and for the social control of the populations of Oceania, by way of audio-visual surveillance and offender profiling. Such psychological monitoring allows the Thought Police to detect, arrest, and kill thought criminals, citizens whose independence (intellectual, mental, and moral) challenges the political orthodoxy of Ingsoc (English Socialism) and thus the legitimate government authority of the Party. In the detection of thoughtcrime—and to overcome the physical impossibility of simultaneously policing every citizen of Oceania—the Thinkpol spy upon the populace through ubiquitous two-way telescreens, and so can monitor any person's body language, reflexive speech, and facial expressions:


title: Thoughtcrime

text: The universal, physical presence of the telescreen, in public and in private spaces, exerted psychological pressure upon each citizen of Oceania to presume that they were under constant Thinkpol surveillance, and thus in danger of detection and arrest as a thought criminal; thus, whenever near a telescreen, Winston Smith was always mindful of that possibility: "If you made unexpected movements, they yelled at you from the telescreen." Such surveillance methods allowed the Thinkpol and the Ministry of Love (Miniluv) to become universally feared by the citizens of Oceania, especially by the members of the Outer Party, which includes Winston Smith.


title: Thoughtcrime

text: In the Newspeak vocabulary, the word crimestop denotes the citizens' self-awareness to immediately rid themselves of unwanted, incorrect thoughts (personal and political), the discovery of which, by the Thinkpol, would lead to detection and arrest, transport to and interrogation at the Miniluv (Ministry of Love). The protagonist, Winston Smith, describes crimestop as a conscious process of self-imposed cognitive dissonance:


title: Thoughtcrime

text: Moreover, from the perspective of Oceania's principal enemy of the state, in the history book "The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism", Emmanuel Goldstein said that:


title: Ana Montes

text: Ana Belén Montes (born February 28, 1957) is a former American senior analyst at the Defense Intelligence Agency in the United States who spied on behalf of the Cuban government for 17 years.


title: Ana Montes

text: On September 21, 2001, Montes was arrested and subsequently charged with conspiracy to commit espionage for the government of Cuba. Montes pleaded guilty to spying and in October 2002, was sentenced to a 25-year prison term followed by five years' probation.


title: Ana Montes

text: Montes was born in Nuremberg, in what was then West Germany, where her father, Alberto Montes, was posted as a United States Army doctor. Her family originated from the Asturian region in Spain, and her grandparents had immigrated to Puerto Rico. The family later lived in Topeka, Kansas, and then Towson, Maryland, where she graduated from Loch Raven High School in 1975. In 1979 she earned a degree in foreign affairs from the University of Virginia, and in 1988 she finished a master's degree at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies.


title: Ana Montes

text: Montes' brother and sister, Tito and Lucy, became Federal Bureau of Investigation employees. Tito was an FBI special agent, and Lucy was a longtime FBI language analyst and translator. Her sister played a key role in Montes' identification as a Cuban mole. Ana Montes' former boyfriend, Roger Corneretto, was an intelligence officer specializing in Cuba for the Pentagon.


title: Ana Montes

text: Montes joined the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) in September 1985 after working for the United States Department of Justice. Her first assignment was at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington where she worked as an intelligence research specialist. In 1992, Montes was selected for the DIA's Exceptional Analyst Program and later traveled to Cuba to study the Cuban military.


title: Ana Montes

text: Montes advanced rapidly through the ranks at the DIA and became its most senior Cuban analyst. Her co-workers regarded her as responsible and dependable, and noted her "no-nonsense" attitude. Prosecutors would later allege that Montes was already working for the Cubans when she joined the DIA in 1985.


title: Ana Montes

text: Montes had been recruited by Cuban intelligence while she was a university student at Johns Hopkins University in the 1980s. She became known to other students for her strong opinions in support of left-wing Latin American movements like the Sandinista National Liberation Front in Nicaragua. A Cuban agent eventually approached her. After recruiting her, the Cuban Intelligence Service groomed her to pursue employment with the Defense Intelligence Agency.


title: Ana Montes

text: The prosecutors further stated that all of the information was on water-soluble paper that could be rapidly destroyed.


title: Ana Montes

text: During the course of the investigation against her, it was determined that Montes had passed a considerable amount of classified information to the Cuban Intelligence Directorate, including the identities of four US spies in Cuba. In 2007, American DIA counterintelligence official Scott W. Carmichael publicly alleged that it was Ana Montes who told Cuban intelligence officers about a clandestine US Army camp in El Salvador. Carmichael alleged that Montes knew about the existence of the Special Forces camp because she visited it only a few weeks before the camp was attacked in 1987 by Cuban-supported guerrillas of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN).


title: Ana Montes

text: Carmichael, who had led the DIA investigation of Montes, named her as being directly responsible for the death of Green Beret Sergeant Gregory A. Fronius who was killed at El Paraíso, El Salvador, on March 31, 1987, during the FMLN attack. Carmichael characterized the damage Montes caused to the DIA and other US intelligence agencies as "exceptionally grave," and stated that she compromised a "special access program" that was kept even from him, the lead investigator on her case.