title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The V8-powered model was intended as the company's flagship model, with the 6-cylinder DB7, introduced in 1994, positioned below it as an entry-level model. Although the DB7 became available with a V12 engine and claimed a performance advantage, the Virage remained the exclusive, expensive and hand-built flagship of the Aston Martin range. It was replaced in 2000 with the Vanquish. By the end of the 2000 model year, 1,050 cars in total had been produced. The V8 Vantage name reappeared on a new entry-level model in 2005.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: A new Virage model was introduced at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, to fit into the middle of Aston Martin's then current lineup but was discontinued in 2012 due to many similarities between the brand's other models.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: When compared to the preceding V8, the design was fresh and more modern. The Virage was more similar in design language to the Lagonda than the V8 it replaced. Indeed, the chassis was an evolution of the Lagonda's, with a de Dion tube rear suspension, located by triangulated radius rods and a Watts linkage, and a double wishbone unit at the front. To cut costs, many of the less-important pieces came from other companies, as had been the case for Aston Martin automobiles of the past. The sleek headlights and taillights were sourced from the Audi 200 and the Volkswagen Scirocco respectively, while General Motors, Jaguar, and Ford provided the steering column, climate control panel, wing mirrors and dash switches. In fact, Ford had purchased Aston Martin and Jaguar shortly before the Virage debuted and it became the first model to be introduced under the new ownership.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The Virage was a large, heavy car in spite of its all-aluminium body, but the 32-valve 5.3 L (5,340 cc) V8 engine's torque elevated its performance to near sports car levels. "Acceleration just never seems to run out", claimed "Sports Car International" during a first test. They also praised the "eager and quicker revving" nature of the engine with its Callaway-designed heads and Weber-Marelli fuel injection. "Nothing sounds quite like an Aston V8," they concluded. The 1,790 kg (3,946 lb) car could attain a top-speed of . The automatic variant could accelerate to from a standing start in about 6.5 seconds (7.4 seconds for the manual version). An engine power upgrade to was announced at the 1996 Geneva Motor Show. English actor Rowan Atkinson owned a Virage Coupé which featured on the front cover of Car May 1990. In the article he commented how the modern climate control system provided heating efficiency beyond the veteran Aston Martin driver's dreams and could not believe warm air would emanate from the footwell within 90 seconds of start up.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The five-speed ZF Friedrichshafen manual was fitted to about forty percent of the cars produced. The more popular automatic option was the Chrysler three-speed Torqueflite transmission. For the 1993 model year, the three-speed unit was replaced by a four-speed automatic unit. The six-speed manual from the Vantage also became optional at the end of the Virage's production run.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: In January 1992, Aston Martin introduced a conversion service, upgrading the car into a Virage 6.3. As the name implies, the centerpiece of the conversion was a bored and stroked V8 derived from the AMR1 racing car. This engine has a power output of between at 6,000 rpm and 480 lb·ft (651 N·m) of torque at 5,800 rpm, allowing the car to attain a top speed of .


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: Other changes included 362 mm (14 in) ventilated disc brakes, the largest used in a passenger car until the Bentley Continental GT, and 18 in (457 mm) wheels. Visually, the 6.3 had wide flared bumpers, low sills and air dams, and side air vents.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: A shooting brake (estate) version of the Virage was offered in limited numbers. It debuted at the March 1992 Geneva Motor Show. Unlike prior Aston Martin Shooting Brake models, however, the Virage was produced in-house by the company's Works Service, with six believed to be constructed in total. The cars were priced at . The cars are believed to have retained Virage chassis numbers, except two that received chassis numbers of the type "DP/2099".


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The "Lagonda Saloon" is a long-wheelbase four-door Virage model that was built in very limited numbers to customer orders, reviving Aston Martin's long-dormant second marque. Introduced in 1994, it was manufactured by Aston Martin Works Service with a chassis extension, although two were ordered with an extension. The name refers to the four-door Aston Martin Lagonda. The Lagonda Virage cost about and only eight or nine are believed to have been produced, with some being conversions of regular Virages. Six of these cars were ordered by a royal family.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The five-door Lagonda Virage Shooting Brake debuted at the same time as the Lagonda Virage. It was made by Aston Martin Works Service in only one or two examples, and has been spotted bearing ""Vacances"" badging at the rear. A further six cars were made for a royal family from the ground up, adding a extension to the chassis of a standard Virage.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: A less extreme V8 Coupe replaced the standard Virage from 1996 onwards having the updated styling inherited from the more powerful Vantage. Lacking the superchargers and the more aggressive body style of its sibling, the engine in the V8 Coupe has a power output of and 369 lb·ft (500 N·m) of torque. In total, 101 examples of the V8 Coupe were built from 1996 through 2000.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The V8 was also subject to coachbuilt conversion by Aston Martin's Works Service department. Dubbed the Sportsman estate, only three were made using existing V8 Coupes as a base. No mechanical modifications were made and the Estate retained the V8 Coupe's engine and mechanicals.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The convertible version of the Virage, called the Virage Volante debuted at the 1990 Birmingham Motor Show as a strict two-seater, but a 2+2 version was shown at the 1991 Geneva Motor Show. Production examples, first appearing in 1992, were all to feature 2+2 seating. Sources state that either 224 or 233 examples had been produced when production ended in 1996. The last 11 examples already had the naturally aspirated 1995 version of the engine found in the later V8 and V8 LWB Volante models with the improved four-speed and overdrive Torqueflite automatic and a power output of , which may be part of why there is some disagreement to the production numbers.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: 1992 was also when Aston Martin introduced its 6.3-litre "Works Service" package, which included wider fenders to accommodate the larger OZ wheels and 14-inch disc brakes, additional vents, deeper sills, and other appearance modifications. This was immediately available on the Coupé as well as the Volante. Aston Martin soon introduced a strictly cosmetic version called the Wide Body featuring the regular 5.3-litre engine; this was mainly intended for the United States market as the 6.3 was not certified for sale there. 13 of these were built for the United States, whereas only seven regular Virage Volantes were delivered there. In contrast to the Wide Body Volante, the Prince of Wales chose to equip his 1994 Volante with the standard bodywork coupled with the 6.3-litre engine and a manual transmission.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: A new V8 Volante Long Wheelbase, with updated styling of the V8 Coupe was produced from 1997 to 2000 on a chassis lengthened by . Only 63 units were built by the time production came to a halt.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: As with many other Aston Martin models, a high-performance Vantage model of the Virage would later be introduced. First shown at Birmingham in September 1992, the Vantage was produced from 1993 through 2000 and, like many other Aston Vantage models would soon become the only variant available. The Virage name lasted just a few years, with its final descendants inheriting the simple and familiar V8 name.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The Vantage had new styling with only the roof, doors and wing mirrors shared with the Virage. The wing mirrors were later replaced in favour of newly styled wing mirrors exclusive to this model. The Vantage is wider, lower, used four round tail lights (later adopted for the base V8 Coupé), and featured new rear suspension and interior electronics. Like the 6.3, the Vantage used record-sized 362 mm (14 in) brake discs and 18 inch wheels.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The biggest change to the Vantage was inside the engine compartment. The V8 engine now used twin superchargers. Power output was now , and the torque was equally high at 555 lb·ft (745 N·m) at 4,000 rpm. Top speed was , with acceleration to 97 km/h (60 mph) taking 4.6 seconds. Customers cars could be returned to Works Service starting in 1998 to be converted to V600 specifications, where the engine was upgraded to at 6,200 rpm and of torque at 4,400 rpm.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: In 2000, Aston Martin's Works Service unit also built nine bespoke Vantage Volante models (convertibles), one of which was built to long wheelbase specifications.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The new European emission and safety regulations made Aston Martin decide to end production of the V8-Vantage line and the final model was called "V8 Vantage Le Mans". Honoring Aston Martin's 1959 victory at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the prototype of a limited run of 40 was presented in Geneva in 1999 on the 40th anniversary of the win.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: All Le Mans Vantages were sent back after delivery to have the engine modifications to deliver and of torque, and were supported by a suspension reinforced with special Koni shock-absorbers and stiffer anti-roll bars. The bodywork featured a blanked-out front grille and modified side vents – replicating the side vents of the Le Mans winning DBR-1 – as well as a bigger front spoiler and rear skirt. The interior was reworked with a large rev-counter, a special Titanium finish on some parts, and features such as heated windshield, parking radars, traction control, heated electric seats, and full Connolly leather upholstery with matching Wilton wool carpets. Wheels were the same Dymag magnesium units as seen on most V600s. Performance included a claimed top speed of and 0 to 100 km/h acceleration being achieved in 3.9 seconds. The keyholder was in sterling silver and a map from Newport-Pagnell to the legendary Le Mans track was provided in the delivery documents. Each car was made upon special commission and fitted with a number plate indicating also the name of the first owner.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The Virage would not become available in the United States until the summer of 1990 and the Virage Volante convertible became available later in 1992. Coupé versions and the Virage Vantage were not officially offered for sale in the U.S. The car's availability ended after the 1993 model year, due to the lack of passenger airbags and inability to meet emissions regulations.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: A new generation of the Virage was introduced at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show by Aston Martin. The Virage capitalised on the technology from the DBS and united it with the comfort and refinement found in the DB9 and Rapide. The Virage was intended to sit in the narrow slot between the basic DB9 and the flagship DBS. Aston Martin announced that the second generation of the Virage would be discontinued after 18 months of production, as the distinctions between it, the DB9, and the DBS were simply too slim. With only 1001 Aston Martin Virage produced, UK deliveries were 114 (right-hand drive) of which 22 were Coupés and 92 Volantes.


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: The car has a 2-seat or 2+2 seating configuration. The Virage's 5.9-litre "AM11" V12 engine has a power output of and of torque. It is capable of accelerating from 0 to in 4.6 seconds, and has a top speed of , while the Virage Volante is limited to . The Virage was available in two bodystyles: Coupé or Volante (convertible).


title: Aston Martin Virage

text: In September 2014, Zagato revealed a one-off shooting brake at the Chantilly Arts & Elegance Concours d’Elegance. The car is based on the Aston Martin Virage. It was commissioned by a European client. It follows the same design cues as the Aston Martin DBS Coupe Zagato Centennial and Aston Martin DB9 Spyder Zagato Centennial.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: Oysters Rockefeller consists of oysters on the half-shell that have been topped with a rich sauce of butter, parsley and other green herbs, and bread crumbs, then baked or broiled. Lemon wedges are the typical garnish.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: The original sauce may or may not include spinach, a popular shortcut for achieving the dish's signature bright green color. Many contemporary adaptations use diced oysters instead of whole. Also, diced bacon often appears as a non-traditional topping in addition to or in place of the sauce.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: The dish appears as a popular restaurant appetizer throughout the United States and is served as a brunch item in the South.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: Oysters Rockefeller was created in 1889 at the New Orleans restaurant Antoine's by Jules Alciatore, son of founder Antoine Alciatore. Jules developed the dish due to a shortage of escargot, substituting the locally available oysters. The recipe remains unchanged, with an estimated three and a half million orders having been served.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: The dish was named "oysters Rockefeller" after John D. Rockefeller, the then-wealthiest American, for its extreme richness. It consists of oysters on the half-shell topped with a green sauce and bread crumbs, then baked or broiled.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: Though the original sauce recipe is a secret, it includes a purée of a number of green vegetables that may include spinach. Similar versions of the dish have proliferated in New Orleans, with none noted as an accurate duplicate.


title: Oysters Rockefeller

text: Chef Alton Brown states in the "Shell Game" episode of his Food Network series "Good Eats" that Alciatore took his recipe to the grave and any version since is merely an assumption. While many achieve the sauce's trademark green color simply using spinach, Antoine's chefs have repeatedly denied the dish contains it. A 1986 laboratory analysis by William Poundstone in "Bigger Secrets" indicated its primary ingredients were parsley, pureed and strained celery, scallions or chives (indistinguishable in a food lab), olive oil, and capers.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Environment friendly processes, or environmental-friendly processes (also referred to as eco-friendly, nature-friendly, and green), are sustainability and marketing terms referring to goods and services, laws, guidelines and policies that claim reduced, minimal, or no harm upon ecosystems or the environment.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Companies use these ambiguous terms to promote goods and services, sometimes with additional, more specific certifications, such as ecolabels. Their overuse can be referred to as greenwashing. To ensure the successful meeting of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) companies are advised to employ environmental friendly processes in their production. Specifically, Sustainable Development Goal 12 measures 11 targets and 13 indicators "to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns".


title: Environmentally friendly

text: The International Organization for Standardization has developed ISO 14020 and ISO 14024 to establish principles and procedures for environmental labels and declarations that certifiers and eco-labellers should follow. In particular, these standards relate to the avoidance of financial conflicts of interest, the use of sound scientific methods and accepted test procedures, and openness and transparency in the setting of standards.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Products located in members of the European Union can use the EU Ecolabel pending the EU's approval. EMAS is another EU label that signifies whether an organization management is green as opposed to the product. Germany also uses the Blue Angel, based on Germany's standard.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: In Europe, there are many different ways that companies are using environmentally friendly processes, eco-friendly labels, and overall changing guidelines to ensure that there is less harm being done to the environment and ecosystems while their products are being made. In Europe, for example, many companies are already using EMAS labels to show that their products are friendly.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Although these labels evidently help the environment, many companies in Europe make putting eco-labels on their products a top-priority since it can result to an increase in sales. For example, sales in certain products such as food tend to have more sales when there are eco-labels on these products. In Europe specifically, a study was conducted that shows a connection between eco-labels and the purchasing of fish. In the study, "Our results show a significant connection between the desire for eco-labeling and seafood features, especially the freshness of the fish, the geographical origin of the fish and the wild "vs" farmed origin of the fish". This analysis article shows that eco-labels are not only reflecting a positive impact on the environment when it comes to creating and preserving products, but also to increase more sales. Many companies can therefore use these consumer preferences to their advantage if they wish to receive more sales. However, not every country in Europe is in agreement on whether certain products, specifically fish, should have eco-labels. In the same analysis article, the following is mentioned: "Surprisingly, the country effect on the probability of accepting a fish eco-label is tricky to interpret. The countries with the highest level of eco-labeling acceptability are Belgium and France". According to the same analysis and statistics, France and Belgium are most likely of accepting these eco-labels. The hope of these same analyzers is for all countries in Europe to accept these labels, since these labels show proof of healthily-produced products that can't harm the consumer or the environment.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Although many companies are striving for environmentally-friendly factories, productions and consumerisms, some companies are being less environmentally-friendly as well. However, not all companies are choosing to be less environmentally-friendly by choice, as there are many outside factors that can effect companies' decisions to go eco-friendly and use eco-labels (if legally able to use) as well. For instance, in 2015, many companies were subject to an economic crisis that effected many companies abilities to develop, produce, and sell products. As a result, many companies has to switch to alternative production methods, as stated in this study analysis, "Since the current economic crisis emerged, the priorities of business have changed and liquidity management has become one of the most important aspects to consider in each decision. Therefore, financial difficulties have forced firms to redefine their business and implement austerity plans as a unique alternative to survive. They have therefore reduced expenses". As a result of the financial crisis, many companies had to cut production costs. This therefore meant that many companies had to rely on production methods that were not environmentally-friendly at all in order to survive the crisis, even though many companies most likely did not favor these decisions.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: In Europe, overall, there are many companies that are aiming for implementing eco-labels and environmentally-safe and friendly procedures into the productions of their products. Not only does this keep the environment safe, but it also ensures that products are safe and that consumers will be safe when consuming certain products, such as food, electricity, and more. Although not every country in Europe may currently agree with the additions of eco-labels to products, there has been a steady increase of implementing these labels over the course of the last 20 years. Plus, although there may also be crises that can occur in Europe that can result in companies shifting away from environmentally-friendly procedures for a while, it does not particularly mean that companies don't not stand for environmentally-safe productions, since many companies only shift away as a means of surviving the crisis. Overall, Europe is implementing many ways to stay environmentally-safe that is slowly being enforced overtime, which have many results for the environment as well as sales.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: In the United States, environmental marketing claims require caution. Ambiguous titles such as "environmentally friendly" can be confusing without a specific definition; some regulators are providing guidance. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has deemed some ecolabels misleading in determining whether a product is truly "green".


title: Environmentally friendly

text: In Canada, one label is that of the Environmental Choice Program. Created in 1988, only products approved by the program are allowed to display the label.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Overall, Mexico was one of the first countries in the world to pass a specific law on climate change. The law set an obligatory target of reducing national greenhouse-gas emissions by 30% by 2020. The country also has a National Climate Change Strategy, which is intended to guide policymaking over the next 40 years.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: The Energy Rating Label is a Type III label that provides information on "energy service per unit of energy consumption". It was first created in 1986, but negotiations led to a redesign in 2000.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: As written in the article found on MPDI Open Access Journals, "This region has one of the highest per capita generations of e-waste, as well as one of the lowest recycling rates. Despite being the lowest e-waste generating region globally..." This sentence brings forward the idea of the lack of effort Oceania had when it came to trying to properly expose e-waste. Oceania consisting of Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia generates the second most e-waste, 16.1 kg, while having the third lowest recycling rate of 8.8%. Out of Oceania, only Australia has a policy in policy to manage e-waste, that being the Policy Stewardship Act published in 2011 that aimed to manage the impact of products, mainly those in reference to the disposal of products and their waste. Under the Act the National Television and Computer Recycling Scheme (NTCRS) was created, which forced manufactures and importers of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) importing 5000 or more products or 15000 or more peripherals be liable and required to pay the NTCRS for retrieving and recycling materials from electronic products.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: New Zealand does not have any law that directly manages their e-waste, instead they have voluntary product stewardship schemes such as supplier trade back and trade-in schemes and voluntary recycling drop-off points. Though this has helped it costs the provider money with labor taking up 90% of the cost of recycling. In addition, e-waste is currently not considered a priority product, which would encourage the enforcement of product stewardship. In Pacific Island Regions (PIR) e-waste management is a hard task since they lack the adequate amount of land to properly dispose of it even though they produce one of the lowest amounts of e-waste in the world due to their income and population. Due to this there are large stockpiles of waste unable to be recycled safely.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: At the moment The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Program (SPREP), an organization in charge of managing the natural resources and environment of the Pacific region, is in charge of region coordination and managing the e-waste of the Oceania region. SPREP uses Cleaner Pacific 2025 as a framework to guide the various governments in the region. They also work with PacWaste (Pacific Hazardous Waste) to identify and resolve the different issues with waste management of the islands, which largely stem from the lack of government enforcement and knowledge on the matter. They have currently proposed a mandatory product stewardship policy be put in place along with an advance recycling fee which would incentivize local and industrial recycling. They are also in the mindset that the islands should collaborate and share resources and experience to assist in the endeavor.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: With the help from the NTCRS, though the situation has improved they have been vocal about the responsibilities of stakeholders in the situation and how they need to be more clearly defined. In addition to there being a differences in state and federal regulations, with only Southern Australia, Australian Capital Territory, and Victoria having banned e-waste landfill, it would be possible to make this apply the rest of the region if a federal decision was made. They have also advocated for reasonable access to collection points for waste, with there being only one collection point within a 100 km radius in some cases. It has been shown that the reason some residents don't recycle is because of their distance from a collection point. In addition, there have been few campaigns to recycle, with the company, MobileMuster, a voluntary collection program managed by the Australian Mobile Telecommunication Association, aimed to collect phones before they went to a landfill and has been doing so since 1999. Upon further study, it was found that only 46% of the public was award of the program, which later increased to 74% in 2018, but this was after an investment of $45 million from the Australian Mobile Telecommunication Association.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Asia's continuous advancements have led to, "Economic growth in Asia has increased in the past three decades and has heightened energy demand, resulting in rising greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. To tackle these issues, fuel switching and the deployment of renewables are essential." However, as countries continue to advance it leads to more pollution being emitted as a result as more energy is being used for different purposes as there's become a huge need for it which has led to the environment being put aside instead of being made a priority. This is especially true when taking into consideration how as the economy continues to flourish the market grows substantially which causes a demand for energy leading to higher contamination within the environment as a result. In recent years, the biggest concern for Asia is its "...air pollution issues. Major Chinese cities such as Beijing have received the worst air quality rankings (Li "et al"., 2017). Seoul, the capital of South Korea, also suffers from air pollution (Kim "et al"., 2017). Currently, Indian cities such as Mumbai and Delhi are overtaking Chinese cities in the ranking of worst air quality. In 2019, 21 of the world's 30 cities with the worst air quality were in India.1." The air quality has become so deteriorated within Asia due to the high pollution several countries in Asia emit which only lowers the air quality of the region. It's become an increasing problem as the years go by, especially within Asia as it continues to advance, but at the cost of the environment itself. This just leads to both countries and cities being negatively impacted by the dreadful air quality as citizens continue to breathe in polluted air constantly.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: The environmentally friendly trends are marketed with a different color association, using the color blue for clean air and clean water, as opposed to green in western cultures. Japanese- and Korean-built hybrid vehicles use the color blue instead of green all throughout the vehicle, and use the word "blue" indiscriminately.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: In Central Asia there are multiple problems when it comes to the environment including, "...the loss of biodiversity and the complexity of the network of protected natural areas; insufficient levels of municipal solid waste processing; energy efficiency problems, in particular, the deterioration of the energy production and supply system; the imbalance between hydropower, irrigated agriculture and the environment; and problems of the Aral Sea." This is a detrimental problem as the environment is becoming negatively impacted by the various sources of contamination which can lead to a hazardous future for the environment. The more problems that continue to build up, the more life and habitation that is being lost from these detrimental sources. It has become an increasingly scarier problem for Central Asia as the region continues to develop and advance. According to Shestak and Pobedinsky, there are ways to solve the environmental crisis happening in Central Asia like adding certain rules to legislation, creating more enforced laws for the government to uphold, and improving management over the decisions involved with the environment. Implementing certain regulations for the environment will create a space for more environmentally friendly discussions that will create more urgency to help save the environment. Adding laws in place will allow for more changes to be enforced and there will be a bigger urge to protect habitation and life within our ecosystem.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: According to Shen, Li, Wang, and Liao, the emission trading system that China had used for its environmentally friendly journey was implemented in certain districts and was successful in comparison to those which were used in test districts that were approved by the government. This shows how China tried to effectively introduce new innovative systems to impact the environment. China implemented multiple ways to combat environmental problems even if they didn't succeed at first. It led to them implementing a more successful process which benefited the environment. Although China needs to implement policies like, "The “fee-to-tax” process should be accelerated, however, and the design and implementation of the environmental tax system should be improved. This would form a positive incentive mechanism in which a low level of pollution correlates with a low level of tax." By implementing policies like these companies have a higher incentive to not over pollute the environment and instead focus on creating an eco-friendlier environment for their workplaces. In doing so, it will lead to less pollution being emitted while there also being a cleaner environment. Companies would prefer to have lower taxes to lessen the costs they have to deal with, so it encourages them to avoid polluting the environment as much as possible.


title: Environmentally friendly

text: Energy Star is a program with a primary goal of increasing energy efficiency and indirectly decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. Energy Star has different sections for different nations or areas, including the United States, the European Union and Australia. The program, which was founded in the United States, also exists in Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and Taiwan. Additionally, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 17 has a target to promote the development, transfer, dissemination, and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies to developing countries as part of the 2030 Agenda.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The Samsung Galaxy A50 is an Android smartphone manufactured by Samsung Electronics as part of its fifth-generation Galaxy A series lineup. It came with Android 9 Pie, 64 or 128 GB of internal storage, and a 4000 mAh battery. It was launched internationally on February 25, 2019 and in the United States on July 13, 2019.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The A50 has a 6.4" FHD+ (2340 x 1080) 60 Hz Super AMOLED Infinity-U display, with an 19.5:9 aspect ratio. It is powered by an Octa-core, 2300 MHz, ARM Cortex-A73 and ARM Cortex-A53, 64-bit, 10 nm CPU and a Mali-G72 MP3 GPU. The phone itself measures 158.5 x 74.7 x 7.7mm. It comes with a 4000 mAh battery.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The A50 is sold in 4GB/6GB RAM and 64GB/128GB internal storage configurations, both of which can be expanded via a MicroSD card up to 512GB.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The A50 has an optical (under-screen) fingerprint sensor and facial recognition features used for biometrics.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The Samsung Galaxy A50 comes with a triple rear camera array consisting of a 25MP wide camera, an 8MP ultra-wide camera, and a 5MP depth sensor camera. It also comes with a 25MP front-facing camera.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The Main camera of Samsung galaxy A50 is triple as 25 MP, f/1.7, 26mm (wide), PDAF and 8 MP, f/2.2, 13mm (ultrawide), 1/4.0″, 1.12µm & 5 MP, f/2.2, (depth) which is able to take deep and clear photos from many angles. If hardware support them it should record 1080p@30fps.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: While the hardware is capable of taking 4K video, it is not accessible by normal means (or by using the included camera app). It can be accessed using third party apps.


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The Samsung Galaxy A50 ships with One UI 1.1, based on Android 9.0 (Pie). A stable update to Android 10 and One UI 2.0 was released at the beginning of April 2020. Features include Bixby, Google Assistant and Samsung Pay. An update to One UI 2.5 was released in December 2020. An update to Android 11 with One UI 3.1 was released in March 2021, the final OS update for the Galaxy A50. It is currently eligible for monthly security updates however it may soon be relegated to quarterly updates Samsung Stated that the phone will not be getting Android 12 One UI 12


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The A50 received mostly positive reviews. "PCWorld" gave it 4/5 stars, praising the display, design and battery life while criticizing the in-screen fingerprint sensor and the camera processing. "Tom's Guide" also gave it 4/5 stars, calling it "a budget phone with a big and colorful screen, solid performance and a sleek design" albeit with an "underwhelming battery life". "CNET" gave it an 8.4/10, describing it as "one of the best budget phones", and "Digital Trends" called it "the budget Samsung phone of your dreams".


title: Samsung Galaxy A50

text: The A50 was Samsung's best-selling smartphone in 2019, the best-selling smartphone in Europe in 2019, and the third best-selling phone in the world for the third quarter of 2019.


title: Planetes

text: The manga was published in English in North America by Tokyopop, and the anime was distributed in North America by Bandai Entertainment. Both the manga and anime received the Seiun Award for best science fiction series.


title: Planetes

text: The story of "Planetes" follows the crew of the "DS-12 "Toy Box"" of the Space Debris Section, a unit of Technora Corporation. Debris Section's purpose is to prevent the damage or destruction of satellites, space stations and spacecraft from collision with space debris in Earth's and the Moon's orbits. They use a number of methods to dispose of the debris (mainly by burning it via atmospheric reentry or through salvage), accomplished through the use of EVA suits.


title: Planetes

text: The story sometimes revolves around debris collection itself, but more often the concept of collecting "trash" in space is merely a storytelling method for building character development. The members of the Debris Section are looked down upon as the lowest members of the company and they must work hard to prove their worth to others and accomplish their dreams.


title: Planetes

text: Ongoing plot elements include an upcoming exploratory mission to Jupiter on the new fusion powered ship, "Von Braun", and the lead character's decision to join the mission, no matter the cost. Many other plot threads are also developed throughout the series that help to explain each character's motivations and personalities. The Space Defense Front is a terrorist organization that believes humankind is exploiting space without first curing global problems such as mass famine and the widened socio-economic divide on Earth.


title: Planetes

text: The story of "Planetes" takes place in the near future. Special care was given for a realistic depiction of space and space travel. For instance, when in a weightless environment, the frame count dramatically increases in order to make weightless motion more fluid and realistic; spaceships make no noise in space and astronauts routinely suffer from known space illnesses such as radiation poisoning, decompression sickness, cancer, brittle bones and mental illnesses spawned from isolation.


title: Planetes

text: Concepts like momentum in weightlessness are early plot points and are always illustrated naturally. Director Goro Taniguchi stated in the DVD commentary that he learned much about orbital mechanics in the course of making the series. This can be shown in showing specific orbital energy, through changing orbits by applying thrust throughout the series. Even the necessity for the retrieval of space debris that is central to the plot is rooted in the serious and growing problem with space debris today.


title: Planetes

text: The show also works to connect itself to the history of rocketry and space flight. The opening sequence is similar to the television series "", featuring a montage of the history of space flight from Greek mythology to the "modern" setting outlined in the series. Along the way, animated images of important milestones in space travel like Robert Goddard's early rocket tests, the V-2 rocket, Sputnik 1, Laika the dog, the Vostok spacecraft, Apollo 11, Skylab, Mir, the International Space Station and the Space Shuttle "Endeavour" and other milestones are displayed. References to early pioneers in rocketry like Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Robert H. Goddard, Wernher von Braun and Hermann Oberth are also made regularly.


title: Planetes

text: The Japanese space agency JAXA served as a technical consultant to the series. The US version of the DVDs featured interviews with two scientists from NASA's Orbital Debris Section. However, both scientists stated that the premise of having to rendezvous with debris in orbit is highly unlikely as it would take an extravagant amount of energy for a relatively small amount of salvageable material. One of the scientists stated that the previous director of the NASA Orbital Debris Section was in fact Donald J. Kessler, the scientist who proposed the Kessler Syndrome, which is cited and used several times in both the anime and manga.


title: Planetes

text: The story also depicts the richer countries monopolizing resources in space and the poorer ones falling into civil war and being invaded or needing the assistance of those richer countries, telling a story of dependency theory and the negative side of environmentalism. The conflicting views of the terrorist group, the Space Defense Front, who wish to shut human beings off from space, the main characters who believe in the importance of space exploration and development, and the International Treaty Organization (INTO) which wants space development primarily to serve the economic and military needs of developed nations also play major roles. The anime refrains from oversimplification of the various factions, portraying both true believers and those with ulterior motives on all sides. The final settlement of the conflict is also unique in that it is not resolved by any of the main protagonists or antagonists, but by a compromise struck between powers above their heads.


title: Planetes

text: Though author/illustrator Makoto Yukimura does not have a background in the sciences, the idea of "Planetes" came to him while reading a book called "A Garbage Problem in Space: Space Debris", and found the Japanese phonetics for the word debris () amusing. Yukimura intentionally did not research space technology for fears that it would compromise his artistic freedom.


title: Planetes

text: The presentation of technology in the anime adaptation broke from the manga in several areas, such as with the inclusion of touch-controlled HUDs, retractable debris face shields with a video screen, and peripheral cameras to the EVA suits the main characters use. Also, the anime introduces refinements in the weightless living and working spaces, with foot and hand bars for people to stabilize their movement in a weightless environment. The base of operations of "Toy Box" is moved from the Moon to a space station called the ISPV 7 in low Earth orbit. The United States of America is explicitly named in the manga, as opposed to in the anime where it is seldom mentioned in favor of "INTO" or the International Treaty Organization (a possible reference to NATO and SEATO), which seems to be a federation of individual countries including the United States and Japan.


title: Planetes

text: "Planetes" shared part of its production staff with another anime series that ran at the same time on NHK, "Twin Spica". From this, the production staff slipped several easter egg cross overs into "Planetes". Some of these include:


title: Planetes

text: There are several times where the anime and the manga would allude to each other. The following are some examples of this:


title: Planetes

text: Written and illustrated by Makoto Yukimura, the twenty-six chapters appeared as a serial in the Kodansha's "seinen" manga magazine "Weekly Morning" from January 1999 to January 2004. Kodansha collected the chapters into four "tankōbon" volumes, and published them from January 23, 2001, to February 23, 2004. It was licensed for an English-language translation in North America by Tokyopop. It published the series in five volumes by splitting the last volume in two parts from October 7, 2003 to February 8, 2005. The translation was rereleased in two omnibus volumes by Dark Horse Comics on December 22, 2015 and May 10, 2016.


title: Planetes

text: The anime adaptation of "Planetes" began airing its 26-episode run on NHK BS-2 on October 4, 2003, and ended on February 23, 2004. Produced and animated by Sunrise, it was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and scripted by Ichirō Ōkouchi. The anime began development and production before the end of the manga serialization. In the beginning and middle of the series, the writing and production staff only had the first three volumes of the manga as source. In order to fill the entire 26-episode run of the anime, new characters, new settings and new relationships between characters were made in order to increase dramatic tension, reinforce themes introduced in the manga, and introduce new themes that were compatible with the manga. While the manga deals more with existential themes, and humanity's relationship with space, the anime further expands the political elements of the story.


title: Planetes

text: The music score was composed by Kōtarō Nakagawa and produced by Victor Entertainment. The opening theme is "Dive in the Sky" by Mikio Sakai, and the ending themes are "Wonderful Life" by Mikio Sakai for episodes 1-25 and "Planetes" by Hitomi Kuroishi for episode 26. There are two insert songs, "A Secret of the Moon" by Hitomi Kuroishi, used in various episodes, and "Thanks My Friend" by Mikio Sakai used in episode 13.


title: Planetes

text: Both the manga and the anime were critically acclaimed. According to Anime News Network, the manga has a "solid, engrossing storyline and well-developed characters". Anime News Network also proclaimed "Planetes" to be the best science fiction anime series of 2005. Both the manga and anime received the Seiun Award for best science fiction series, the manga in 2002 and the anime in 2005.


title: Planetes

text: In terms of sales, the manga was only a modest success in North America, with volume 3 reaching 81st place on the Diamond US sales top 100, selling about 1100 copies through the distributor. Volume 4 reached 93rd place, selling about 1400 copies.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Boogeyman is a 2005 supernatural horror film directed by Stephen Kay and starring Barry Watson, Emily Deschanel, Skye McCole Bartusiak, and Lucy Lawless. The film is a take on the classic ""boogeyman"", or monster in the closet, who is the main antagonist of the film. The plot concerns a young man, Tim Jensen, who must confront the childhood terror that has affected his life.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: The film was panned by critics, often citing a generic and unoriginal plot as the main criticism. Despite receiving negative reviews from critics, the film was a financial success, and was followed by two direct-to-video sequels, "Boogeyman 2" (2007) and "Boogeyman 3" (2008).


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: During his childhood, Tim Jensen witnesses his father being taken by the Boogeyman, an evil creature which lives in all closets worldwide. Since then, he has taken precautions to ensure that the Boogeyman cannot get to him, such as sleeping on a mattress on the floor, and removing all closets from his home, and keeping all his clothes in a dresser drawer.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: After a Thanksgiving trip with his girlfriend Jessica to her parents' house, Tim has a premonition in which his mother tells him to return to the family home. Soon after, he receives a call from his uncle informing him that his mother has died. Upon returning to the psychiatric ward, where he grew up after his father died, he discovers that one of the patients, a young girl, is being terrorized by something hiding in the ceiling of her room.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Upon a suggestion by his psychiatrist that returning to his family home to spend the night in that house would be a good idea, Tim returns to his old Victorian style house in the open country, where he relives memories of his mother telling his father that the Boogeyman does not exist and therefore cannot possibly harm Tim. Tim is briefly attacked by the Boogeyman when he enters the downstairs closet.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Tim meets a young girl in his woodshed, named Franny, who wants to know if it's true that the Boogeyman murdered Tim's father. Searching the woodshed he discovers a file of Missing Person lists and documents left by Franny, and upon flicking through them, he discovers a disturbing collection of missing children who were all taken by the Boogeyman.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Tim panics and attempts to leave, but Jessica abruptly shows up and takes Tim out of the house for a night to a quiet motel, where she is murdered by the Boogeyman, dragging her into the bath.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Tim returns from getting ice and preparing drinks and enters the bathroom, where he finds that Jessica is missing. He realizes what has occurred, and stumbles blindly into a closet, and then walks out into his family home, just as Kate, his childhood friend, has returned to his home and, upon hearing noises from the closets, was about to open the door herself. Tim drags Kate back to the hotel, where they find the empty bath; this time with blood on the side. Kate begins thinking that Tim might've harmed Jessica; but Tim angrily denies it. Frustrated at Tim's refusal to tell her what is really wrong with him, Kate drives them back to her house where Tim spots something in the window. Kate claims that the person Tim saw was in fact her deaf father. She then calls Tim's Uncle Mike to have him check on Tim. But he is captured and taken away by the Boogeyman.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Tim returns to his house and meets Franny once more, who leads him to a house full of proclamations describing the Boogeyman. There is a chair in the middle of the room facing a closet. Tim remembers this house as being the home of a doctor whom everyone thought was insane. Franny then reveals herself to be the doctor's daughter and one of the kids the Boogeyman took, telling Tim he'd best go to the place where it all started. The Boogeyman pulls Tim through various portals in time through the closet, eventually depositing him in his childhood room. Realizing its true weakness, Tim smashes various toys the Boogeyman uses to give itself form, eventually defeating it, vanishing into the void.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: With the Boogeyman gone, Tim hopes that his and Kate's lives will be safer. Morning dawns and Tim already feels better, thinking he's finally safe. However, a post-credits scene reveals a young girl being tormented by the monster, revealing that the Boogeyman has resurfaced out of the closet.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: The film was released on VHS and DVD by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on May 31, 2005, with the DVD release being both on UMD and Special Edition. Universal Pictures released the film on DVD later that same year. It was later released by Sony Pictures in 2006 and 2010, both times as a double feature, with the first release pairing it with "When a Stranger Calls" and the second with "The Fog". "Boogeyman" debuted on Blu-ray on August 21, 2012, where it was released by Ais.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: In its opening weekend, the film ranked at #1, grossing $19,020,655 and nearly equaling its production budget. The film grossed $46,752,382 domestically and $20,440,477 internationally, for a worldwide total of $67,192,859.


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: "Boogeyman" received largely negative reviews from film critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 13% of 89 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 3.4/10. The site's consensus states: "The plot is been-there done-that generic, and none of the shock effects can do anything to build up suspense". Metacritic gave the film a 32 out of 100 rating, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews."


title: Boogeyman (film)

text: Anita Gates from "The New York Times" gave the film a negative review, writing, "The filmmakers are smart enough to keep the monster out of sight for a long time and then to show only glimpses, but a similar tactic of providing only glimpses of plot and character is disastrous. Moviegoers never learn who or what the boogeyman is, what his particular beef with Tim is, what his powers are and what has stirred up his wrath after all these years," summarizing, "The house is very creaky, but then so is the movie." Marc Savlov from "The Austin Chronicle" awarded the film one out of five stars, panning the film's pacing, under-lit sets, computer generated effects, and overuse of horror clichés. Frank Wilkins from Reel Talk gave the film a negative review, stating, "Although "Boogeyman" starts out with a stylishly depicted premise that promises a nightmarish ride into terror, after about twenty minutes the movie falls flat with its cheap terror tactics, its abysmal dialogue and its shamelessly tawdry script." Tom Meek from the "Boston Phoenix" gave the film one and a half out of four stars, saying, "Director Stephen T. Kay knows how to get under your skin, and Watson nails the internal-turmoil bit, but it’s still just a one-trick pony that comes up lame long before the insipid climax." Jeremy Wheeler from AllMovie complimented Barry Watson and Emily Deschanel's performances, and promising start, but criticized the design of the film's title monster, and the finale, which he called "ridiculous" and "downright embarrassing." Film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film a mixed two out of four stars, writing, "Despite its predictable blueprint there are a couple of pretty decent scares to be had here... [though] you might consider chapter-skipping on your DVD to get to the good stuff."


title: Otitis externa

text: Otitis externa, also called swimmer's ear, is inflammation of the ear canal. It often presents with ear pain, swelling of the ear canal, and occasionally decreased hearing. Typically there is pain with movement of the outer ear. A high fever is typically not present except in severe cases.


title: Otitis externa

text: Otitis externa may be acute (lasting less than six weeks) or chronic (lasting more than three months). Acute cases are typically due to bacterial infection, and chronic cases are often due to allergies and autoimmune disorders. the most common cause of Otitis externa is bacterial. Risk factors for acute cases include swimming, minor trauma from cleaning, using hearing aids and ear plugs, and other skin problems, such as psoriasis and dermatitis. People with diabetes are at risk of a severe form of "malignant otitis externa". Diagnosis is based on the signs and symptoms. Culturing the ear canal may be useful in chronic or severe cases.


title: Otitis externa

text: Acetic acid ear drops may be used as a preventive measure. Treatment of acute cases is typically with antibiotic drops, such as ofloxacin or acetic acid. Steroid drops may be used in addition to antibiotics. Pain medications such as ibuprofen may be used for the pain. Antibiotics by mouth are not recommended unless the person has poor immune function or there is infection of the skin around the ear. Typically, improvement occurs within a day of the start of treatment. Treatment of chronic cases depends on the cause.


title: Otitis externa

text: Otitis externa affects 1–3% of people a year; more than 95% of cases are acute. About 10% of people are affected at some point in their lives. It occurs most commonly among children between the ages of seven and twelve and among the elderly. It occurs with near equal frequency in males and females. Those who live in warm and wet climates are more often affected.


title: Otitis externa

text: Tenderness of pinna is the predominant complaint and the only symptom directly related to the severity of acute external otitis. Unlike other forms of ear infections, we observe tenderness in outer ear i.e., the pain of acute external otitis is worsened when the outer ear is touched or pulled gently. Pushing the tragus, the tablike portion of the auricle that projects out just in front of the ear canal opening, also typically causes pain in this condition as to be diagnostic of external otitis on physical examination. People may also experience ear discharge and itchiness. When enough swelling and discharge in the ear canal is present to block the opening, external otitis may cause temporary conductive hearing loss.


title: Otitis externa

text: Because the symptoms of external otitis lead many people to attempt to clean out the ear canal (or scratch it) with slim implements, self-cleaning attempts generally lead to additional traumas of the injured skin, so rapid worsening of the condition often occurs.


title: Otitis externa

text: The two factors that are required for external otitis to develop are (1) the presence of germs that can infect the skin and (2) impairments in the integrity of the skin of the ear canal that allow an infection to occur. If the skin is healthy and uninjured, only exposure to a high concentration of pathogens, such as submersion in a pond contaminated by sewage, is likely to set off an episode. However, if there are chronic skin conditions that affect the ear canal skin, such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis or abnormalities of keratin production, or if there has been a break in the skin from trauma, even the normal bacteria found in the ear canal may cause infection and full-blown symptoms of external otitis.


title: Otitis externa

text: Fungal ear canal infections, also known as otomycosis, range from inconsequential to extremely severe. Fungi can be saprophytic, in which there are no symptoms and the fungus simply co-exists in the ear canal in a harmless parasitic relationship with the host, in which case the only physical finding is the presence of a fungus. If the fungus begins active reproduction, the ear canal can fill with dense fungal debris, causing pressure and ever-increasing pain that is unrelenting until the fungus is removed from the canal and anti-fungal medication is used. Most antibacterial ear drops also contain a steroid to hasten resolution of canal edema and pain. Unfortunately, such drops make the fungal infection worse. Prolonged use of them promotes the growth of fungus in the ear canal. Antibacterial ear drops should be used for a maximum of one week, but 5 days is usually enough. Otomycosis responds more than 95% of the time to a three-day course of the same over-the-counter anti-fungal solutions used


title: Otitis externa

text: Swimming in polluted water is a common way to contract swimmer's ear, but it is also possible to contract swimmer's ear from water trapped in the ear canal after a shower, especially in a humid climate. Prolonged swimming can saturate the skin of the canal, compromising its barrier function and making it more susceptible to further damage if the ear is instrumented with cotton swabs after swimming. Constriction of the ear canal from bone growth (Surfer's ear) can trap debris leading to infection. Saturation divers have reported otitis externa during occupational exposure.


title: Otitis externa

text: Even without exposure to water, the use of objects such as cotton swabs or other small objects to clear the ear canal is enough to cause breaks in the skin, and allow the condition to develop. Once the skin of the ear canal is inflamed, external otitis can be drastically enhanced by either scratching the ear canal with an object or by allowing water to remain in the ear canal for any prolonged length of time.


title: Otitis externa

text: The majority of cases are due to "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" and "Staphylococcus aureus", followed by a great number of other gram-positive and gram-negative species. "Candida albicans" and "Aspergillus" species are the most common fungal pathogens responsible for the condition.


title: Otitis externa

text: When the ear is inspected, the canal appears red and swollen in well-developed cases. The ear canal may also appear eczema-like, with scaly shedding of skin. Touching or moving the outer ear increases the pain, and this maneuver on physical exam is important in establishing the clinical diagnosis. It may be difficult to see the eardrum with an otoscope at the initial examination because of narrowing of the ear canal from inflammation and the presence of drainage and debris. Sometimes the diagnosis of external otitis is presumptive and return visits are required to fully examine the ear. The culture of the drainage may identify the bacteria or fungus causing infection, but is not part of the routine diagnostic evaluation. In severe cases of external otitis, there may be swelling of the lymph node(s) directly beneath the ear.


title: Otitis externa

text: The diagnosis may be missed in most early cases because the examination of the ear, with the exception of pain with manipulation, is nearly normal. In some early cases, the most striking visual finding is the lack of earwax. As a moderate or severe case of external otitis resolves, weeks may be required before the ear canal again shows a normal amount of it.


title: Otitis externa

text: In contrast to the chronic otitis externa, acute otitis externa (AOE) is predominantly a bacterial infection, occurs suddenly, rapidly worsens, and becomes painful. The ear canal has an abundant nerve supply, so the pain is often severe enough to interfere with sleep. Wax in the ear can combine with the swelling of the canal skin and the associated pus to block the canal and dampen hearing, creating a temporary conductive hearing loss. In more severe or untreated cases, the infection can spread to the soft tissues of the face that surround the adjacent parotid gland and the jaw joint, making chewing painful. In its mildest forms, otitis externa is so common that some ear nose and throat physicians have suggested that most people will have at least a brief episode at some point in life.


title: Otitis externa

text: The skin of the bony ear canal is unique, in that it is not movable but is closely attached to the bone, and it is almost paper-thin. For these reasons, it is easily abraded or torn by even minimal physical force. Inflammation of the ear canal skin typically begins with a physical insult, most often from injury caused by attempts at self-cleaning or scratching with cotton swabs, pen caps, fingernails, hair pins, keys, or other small implements. Another causative factor for acute infection is prolonged water exposure in the forms of swimming or exposure to extreme humidity, which can compromise the protective barrier function of the canal skin, allowing bacteria to flourish, hence the name "swimmer's ear".


title: Otitis externa

text: According to one source, the use of in-ear headphones during otherwise "dry" exercise in the summer has been associated with the development of swimmer's ear since the plugs can create a warm and moist environment inside the ears. The source claims that on-ear or over-ear headphones can be a better alternative for preventing swimmer's ear.


title: Otitis externa

text: Effective solutions for the ear canal include acidifying and drying agents, used either singly or in combination. When the ear canal skin is inflamed from the acute otitis externa, the use of dilute acetic acid may be painful.


title: Otitis externa

text: Burow's solution is a very effective remedy against both bacterial and fungal external otitis. This is a buffered mixture of aluminium sulfate and acetic acid, and is available without prescription in the United States.


title: Otitis externa

text: Ear drops are the mainstay of treatment for external otitis. Some contain antibiotics, either antibacterial or antifungal, and others are simply designed to mildly acidify the ear canal environment to discourage bacterial growth. Some prescription drops also contain anti-inflammatory steroids, which help to resolve swelling and itching. Although there is evidence that steroids are effective at reducing the length of treatment time required, fungal otitis externa (also called otomycosis) may be caused or aggravated by overly prolonged use of steroid-containing drops.


title: Otitis externa

text: Antibiotics by mouth should not be used to treat uncomplicated acute otitis externa. Antibiotics by mouth are not a sufficient response to bacteria which cause this condition and have significant side effects including increased risk of opportunistic infection. In contrast, topical products can treat this condition. Oral anti-pseudomonal antibiotics can be used in case of severe soft tissue swelling extending into the face and neck and may hasten recovery.


title: Otitis externa

text: Although the acute external otitis generally resolves in a few days with topical washes and antibiotics, complete return of hearing and cerumen gland function may take a few more days. Once healed completely, the ear canal is again self-cleaning. Until it recovers fully, it may be more prone to repeat infection from further physical or chemical insult.


title: Otitis externa

text: Effective medications include ear drops containing antibiotics to fight infection, and corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation. In painful cases, a topical solution of antibiotics such as aminoglycoside, polymyxin or fluoroquinolone is usually prescribed. Antifungal solutions are used in the case of fungal infections. External otitis is almost always predominantly bacterial or predominantly fungal so that only one type of medication is necessary and indicated.


title: Otitis externa

text: Removal of debris (wax, shed skin, and pus) from the ear canal promotes direct contact of the prescribed medication with the infected skin and shortens recovery time. When canal swelling has progressed to the point where the ear canal is blocked, ear drops may not penetrate far enough into the ear canal to be effective. The physician may need to carefully insert a wick of cotton or other commercially available, pre-fashioned, absorbent material called an ear wick and then saturate that with the medication. The wick is kept saturated with medication until the canal opens enough that the drops will penetrate the canal without it. Removal of the wick does not require a health professional. Antibiotic ear drops should be dosed in a quantity that allows coating of most of the ear canal and used for no more than 4 to 7 days. The ear should be left open. It is imperative that visualization of an intact tympanic membrane (eardrum) is noted.


title: Otitis externa

text: Use of certain medications with a ruptured tympanic membrane can cause tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness and hearing loss in some cases.


title: Otitis externa

text: Otitis externa responds well to treatment, but complications may occur if it is not treated. Individuals with underlying diabetes, disorders of the immune system, or history of radiation therapy to the base of the skull are more likely to develop complications, including malignant otitis externa. In these individuals, rapid examination by an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat physician) is very important.


title: Otitis externa

text: Necrotizing external otitis (malignant otitis externa) is an uncommon form of external otitis that occurs mainly in elderly diabetics, being somewhat more likely and more severe when the diabetes is poorly controlled. Even less commonly, it can develop due to a severely compromised immune system. Beginning as infection of the external ear canal, there is an extension of the infection into the bony ear canal and the soft tissues deep to the bony canal. Unrecognized and untreated, it may result in death. The hallmark of malignant otitis externa (MOE) is unrelenting pain that interferes with sleep and persists even after swelling of the external ear canal may have resolved with topical antibiotic treatment. It can also cause skull base osteomyelitis (SBO), manifested by multiple cranial nerve palsies, described below under the "Treatment" heading.


title: Otitis externa

text: MOE follows a much more chronic and indolent course than ordinary acute otitis externa. There may be granulation involving the floor of the external ear canal, most often at the bony-cartilaginous junction. Paradoxically, the physical findings of MOE, at least in its early stages, are often much less dramatic than those of ordinary acute otitis externa. In later stages, there can be soft tissue swelling around the ear, even in the absence of significant canal swelling. While fever and leukocytosis might be expected in response to bacterial infection invading the skull region, MOE does not cause fever or elevation of white blood count.


title: Otitis externa

text: Unlike ordinary otitis externa, MOE requires oral or intravenous antibiotics for cure. Pseudomonas is the most common offending pathogen. Diabetes control is also an essential part of treatment. When MOE goes unrecognized and untreated, the infection continues to smolder and over weeks or months can spread deeper into the head and involve the bones of the skull base, constituting skull base osteomyelitis (SBO). Multiple cranial nerve palsies can result, including the facial nerve (causing facial palsy), the recurrent laryngeal nerve (causing vocal cord paralysis), and the cochlear nerve (causing deafness).


title: Otitis externa

text: The infecting organism is almost always pseudomonas aeruginosa, but it can instead be fungal (aspergillus or mucor). MOE and SBO are not amenable to surgery, but exploratory surgery may facilitate the culture of unusual organism(s) that are not responding to empirically used anti-pseudomonal antibiotics (ciprofloxacin being the drug of choice). The usual surgical finding is diffuse cellulitis without localized abscess formation. SBO can extend into the petrous apex of the temporal bone or more inferiorly into the opposite side of the skull base.


title: Otitis externa

text: As the skull base is progressively involved, the adjacent exiting cranial nerves and their branches, especially the facial nerve and the vagus nerve, may be affected, resulting in facial paralysis and hoarseness, respectively. If both of the recurrent laryngeal nerves are paralyzed, shortness of breath may develop and necessitate tracheotomy. Profound deafness can occur, usually later in the disease course due to relative resistance of the inner ear structures. Gallium scans are sometimes used to document the extent of the infection but are not essential to disease management. Skull base osteomyelitis is a chronic disease that can require months of IV antibiotic treatment, tends to recur, and has a significant mortality rate.


title: Otitis externa

text: The incidence of otitis externa is high. In the Netherlands, it has been estimated at 12–14 per 1000 population per year, and has been shown to affect more than 1% of a sample of the population in the United Kingdom over a 12-month period.


title: Otitis externa

text: During the Tektite Project in 1969 there was a great deal of otitis externa. The Diving Medical Officer devised a prophylaxis that came to be known as, "Tektite Solution", equal parts of 15% tannic acid, 15% acetic acid and 50% isopropyl alcohol or ethanol. During Tektite ethanol was used because it was available in the lab for pickling specimens.


title: Marion Chesney

text: Marion Gibbons (née Chesney; 10 June 1936 – 30/31 December 2019) was a Scottish writer of romance and mystery novels, whose career as a published author began in 1979. She wrote numerous successful historical romance novels under a form of her maiden name, Marion Chesney, including the "Travelling Matchmaker" and "Daughters of Mannerling" series.


title: Marion Chesney

text: Using the pseudonym M. C. Beaton, she also wrote many popular mystery novels, most notably the Agatha Raisin and Hamish Macbeth mystery series. Both of these book series have been adapted for TV. She also wrote romance novels under the pseudonyms Ann Fairfax, Jennie Tremaine, Helen Crampton, Charlotte Ward, and Sarah Chester.


title: Marion Chesney

text: Writing as Marion Chesney, her final endeavour was an Edwardian mystery series featuring Lady Rose Summer, a charming debutante with an independent streak, and Captain Harry Cathcart, an impoverished aristocrat. In an interview, she stated that she ceased writing the Edwardian series as a result of the pressure of writing for the Agatha Raisin and Hamish Macbeth series.


title: Marion Chesney

text: Marion Chesney was born on 10 June 1936 in Glasgow, Scotland, and worked as a buyer of fiction for the Glasgow bookshop John Smith & Son before working at the Scottish Daily Express as a theatre critic, newspaper reporter and editor. She married Express Middle East Correspondent Harry Scott Gibbons in 1969; they had a son, Charles. The couple moved to the Cotswolds when their son was about to go to university, assuming that he would go to Oxford, though in fact he did not.


title: Marion Chesney

text: Chesney had also lived in the USA. In later life she divided her time between a cottage in the Cotswolds (No.6 Northwick Terrace, Blockley, Moreton in Marsh, Gloucestershire), and Paris. She died at a hospital in Gloucester, England on 30 or 31 December 2019, at the age of 83.


title: Marion Chesney

text: "(some of these books were re-published much later as part of other series, often as by "M. C. Beaton")"


title: Marion Chesney

text: There are also the short stories "Agatha Raisin and the Christmas Crumble" (2012), "Hell's Bells" (2013) and "Agatha's First Case" (2015), as well as "The Agatha Raisin Companion" (2010) with introduction by M.C.Beaton.


title: Q Hayashida

text: Q Hayashida was born in Tokyo, Japan. She made her manga debut with "Maken X Another", an adaptation of the 1999 video game "Maken X" and was published in "Monthly Magazine Z". During this time, she started her own series in "Dorohedoro", and it is her longest work to date.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Roy Thinnes (born April 6, 1938) is an American television and film actor best known for his portrayal of lonely hero David Vincent in the ABC 1967–68 television series "The Invaders".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: He starred in the 1969 British science fiction film "Journey to the Far Side of the Sun" (also known as "Doppelgänger"), and also played Manhattan District Attorney Alfred Wentworth in the pilot episode of "Law & Order".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: His first primetime role was in "A Fist of Five", a 1962 episode of "The Untouchables", as a brother of an ex-policeman (played by Lee Marvin). Later that year he appeared in a small role as a cowboy named “Harry” on James Arness’s TV Western "Gunsmoke" (“False Front” - S8E15).


title: Roy Thinnes

text: In 1964, he guested twice in episodes "Murder by Scandal" and the "Lost Lady Blues" of the 13-episode CBS drama "The Reporter".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Later he co-starred as Ben Quick in the short-lived 1965-66 television series "The Long Hot Summer", which ran on ABC. During its run he received around 1,500 letters per week and appeared on the cover of "TV Guide"


title: Roy Thinnes

text: During 1967 and 1968, Thinnes starred in "The Invaders", a TV series in which he portrayed an architect named David Vincent who accidentally witnessed the arrival of aliens from another planet. Vincent waged a seemingly hopeless one-man campaign against them. The series became a cult classic, leading to other 'aliens vs earthlings' films and TV shows.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: He returned in 1995 as a much older David Vincent, as part of a TV mini-series titled "The Invaders" (starring Scott Bakula), and a decade later provided audio commentary for the official DVD releases of "The Invaders".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Decades after the unexpected cancellation of the original series, "in Europe ... It hasn’t stopped running."


title: Roy Thinnes

text: The Washington Post noted in 2008 that, although "The Invaders" "ran for just two seasons ... in 2004, TV Guide placed main character David Vincent at #6 on its 25 Greatest Sci-Fi Legends list."


title: Roy Thinnes

text: In 2019, U.S. basic-cable network MeTV began running weekly reruns of "The Invaders" as part of its popular "Red-Eye Sci-Fi Saturday Night" overnight late Saturday evening/early Sunday morning sci-fi TV series programming schedule.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: "Manhunter" (in which Thinnes tracks a bank robbery suspect) is a TV Film that was broadcast on British TV in 1972 (with "The Man Hunter" as its title) but was not shown on American TV until 1976. A similar title (""The Manhunter""), but with a different plot, was used for a 1974-filmed TV movie.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Thinnes guest starred on "Twelve O'Clock High", becoming a casualty of war while commanding a B-17 bomber on a dangerous mission. He played an intrepid writer and investigator of the supernatural David Norliss in 1973's "The Norliss Tapes", a pilot for an unproduced TV series, and portrayed a suspicious schoolmaster in the TV movie "Satan's School for Girls".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: He appeared in the disaster films "Airport 1975" as the co-pilot, and "The Hindenburg" as a sadistic SS captain. Thinnes was cast in Alfred Hitchcock's 1976 film "Family Plot" in the role of nefarious jeweler Arthur Adamson when Hitchcock's first choice, William Devane, was unavailable. Thinnes had already shot several scenes for the film when Devane suddenly became available. Hitchcock fired Thinnes and re-shot all of his scenes. He confronted Hitchcock in a restaurant and asked the director why he was fired. Flabbergasted, Hitchcock simply looked at Thinnes until the actor left. Some shots of Thinnes as the character (from behind) remain in the film.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: During the 1982-1983 season, Thinnes appeared as Nick Hogan in 35 episodes of "Falcon Crest". He later played Roger Collins in the 1991 revival of TV's "Dark Shadows". He appeared on "One Life to Live" as Alex Crown from 1984–85, and as Sloan Carpenter from 1992-95. He also played a lead role in "The Final Chapter," the first episode of the 1977 series "Quinn Martin's Tales of the Unexpected" (known in the United Kingdom as "Twist in the Tale"), and in "The Crystal Scarab", a first-season episode of "" in 1996. Thinnes was once considered by Paramount for the part of Captain Jean-Luc Picard in "".


title: Roy Thinnes

text: He appeared in the 1988 pilot episode of "Law & Order", "Everybody's Favorite Bagman", as District Attorney Alfred Wentworth. By the time the show was picked up in 1990, however, Thinnes was contractually obligated to another TV series (NBC's remake of Dark Shadows), and so his character was replaced with D.A. Adam Schiff, played by Steven Hill. Thinnes made two appearances in "The X-Files" as Jeremiah Smith, an alien rebel with healing and shape-shifting abilities.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Twice Thinnes appeared on the ABC soap opera "One Life to Live" playing two different characters. From 1984-1985, he played the role of "Alex Crown" and from 1992–1995, he played the role of "Gen. Sloan Carpenter". During both of his stints on the show, his characters became a father-in-law to the same character, Cassie Callison.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: In 2005, Thinnes co-starred as Dr. Theophile Peyron in the movie "The Eyes of Van Gogh" about Vincent van Gogh (played by Alexander Barnett, who also wrote and directed) and his voluntary stay in an insane asylum. The movie focuses on Van Gogh's relationships with Dr. Peyron, as well as fellow Expressionist Paul Gauguin, and his brother, Theo.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: Thinnes was born in Chicago of German descent. After serving in the United States Army as a military police officer, he relocated to California and attended Los Angeles City College.


title: Roy Thinnes

text: He was married to actress Lynn Loring from 1967 to 1984. Loring gave birth to their son Christopher Dylan Thinnes on Feb. 12 1969, and in 1974 gave birth to their daughter Casey Thinnes.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The Canon EOS 7D is an APS-C digital single-lens reflex camera made by Canon. It was announced on 1 September 2009 with a suggested retail price of US$1,699. Among its features are an 18.0 effective megapixel CMOS sensor, HD video recording, its 8.0 frames per second continuous shooting, new viewfinder which offers 1.0X magnification and 100% coverage, 19-point auto-focus system, movie mode, and built-in Speedlite transmitter.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The 7D remained in Canon's model lineup without replacement for slightly more than five years—the longest product cycle for any EOS digital camera. Its successor was the Canon EOS 7D Mark II, announced on 15 September 2014.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The 7D has 19 autofocus points arranged in a horizontal diamond pattern. The AF system is a new design which uses a translucent LCD display in the viewfinder. The camera uses TTL 63-zone color sensitive metering system with four variations (evaluative, center-weighted, partial, spot) and exposure compensation of −5 EV to +5 EV in steps of 1/3 EV (±3 EV visible in the viewfinder and top screen, ±5 EV visible on the back screen). E-TTL II flash metering is provided. The translucent LCD can also display guide lines and the spot metering area circle. As with most other video-capable DSLRs, the Canon EOS 7D's autofocusing function does not work while recording video. Instead, users can only trigger a contrast-detect AF cycle before recording process by hitting the AF button on the camera's rear panel. Users can manually focus the lens during a recording.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The shutter is rated to 150,000 shots, and is capable of speeds up to 1/8000 sec, with a flash sync speed of 1/250 sec.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The 7D has roughly the same dimension as the older 5D Mark II with an updated button layout. It also features a 100% viewfinder with 1x magnification (equivalent in size to a 0.62x full frame viewfinder).


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The 7D was the first Canon camera with a dedicated movie mode switch, instead of movie recording being done in live view as with the 5D Mark II and 500D.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The 7D has dual DIGIC 4 processors and can reach 8 frames per second continuous shooting. When the camera was first released, the buffer throughput allowed up to 94 frames in large fine JPEG mode, and up to 15 frames in raw. Firmware upgrades, most recently in August 2012 (see immediately below), have increased the maximum buffer size to 130 large fine JPEGs and 25 raw files.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The Canon EOS 7D won the 2010–2011 European Advanced SLR Camera and the Technical Image Press Association Best DSLR Expert awards.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: The Canon EOS 7D offers the ability to record audio from an external source. Both shutter and aperture are available for manual control, and the 7D also provides multiple frame rate options, including three that match the HD television timing specs. Like most DSLR modes, the Canon 7D neglects endless autofocus during video recording, which is a great concern for advanced amateurs with pros likely to focus manually nonetheless. Separate movie clips that are captured by the Canon EOS 7D are limited to twelve minutes in the high definition 1080p and 720p modes, or 24 minutes in the standard definition VGA mode, depending on what Compact Flash Card is being used. Larger memory cards make for longer video lengths and are available in multiple sizes for the camera.


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: Independent filmmakers often use the Canon 7D as an affordable alternative to digital cinema cameras. The camera was used on the feature films "Stanley Ka Dabba", Vazhakku Enn 18/9, and "The Avengers".


title: Canon EOS 7D

text: They have also been used on television in the opening title sequence of the 2009 season of "Saturday Night Live".


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: Classiebawn Castle is a country house built for The 3rd Viscount Palmerston (1784–1865) on what was formerly a estate on the Mullaghmore Peninsula near the village of Cliffoney, County Sligo, in the Republic of Ireland. The current castle was largely built in the late 19th century.


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: It was designed in the Baronial style by Dublin architect James Rawson Carroll, and is constructed from a yellow-brown sandstone brought by sea from County Donegal. It comprises a gabled range with a central tower topped by a conical roofed turret.


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: The land, which once belonged to the O'Connor Sligo family, was confiscated by the English Parliament to compensate the people who put down an Irish rebellion. Around of land on which Classiebawn now stands was granted to Sir John Temple (1600–1677), Master of the Rolls in Ireland.


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: The property passed down to The 3rd Viscount Palmerston, a statesman who served as both British Prime Minister and British Foreign Secretary. It was this Lord Palmerston who commissioned the building of the current Classiebawn Castle and the harbour at Mullaghmore. The house was not complete upon his death in 1865 but was completed in 1874 by his stepson and successor, The Rt. Hon. William Cowper-Temple, P.C., M.P. (later created The 1st Baron Mount Temple). The latter died childless in 1888 and the estate passed to his nephew, The Hon. Evelyn Ashley, the second surviving son of The 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. Evelyn Ashley spent some time there each year and on his death in 1907 was succeeded by his only son, Wilfrid Ashley (later created Baron Mount Temple in a new creation). He also spent his summers at the castle with his daughters Edwina, the future Countess Mountbatten, and Mary (1906–1986), who was Baroness Delamere from 1944 until 1955 as the second wife (of three) of The 4th Baron Delamere.


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: In 1916, the house was cleared and remained empty until 1950. It was inherited in July 1939 by Edwina Mountbatten, who, with her husband Admiral of the Fleet Louis Mountbatten, made several improvements, installing electricity and a mains water supply. After his wife's death in February 1960, Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India, spent his summers there until his death when his boat was blown up off the coast of Mullaghmore by the IRA in August 1979.


title: Classiebawn Castle

text: The castle and surrounding lands are now owned by the estate of Hugh Tunney (1928–2011), a deceased businessman from Trillick in County Tyrone, who bought the castle and of the surrounding estate in 1991 after having leased it for many years.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: Poets of the Fall (POTF) is a Finnish rock band from Helsinki. The group consists of Marko Saaresto (lead vocals), Olli Tukiainen (lead guitar), Markus "Captain" Kaarlonen (keyboards, production), Jani Snellman (bass), Jaska Mäkinen (rhythm guitar), and Jari Salminen (drums, percussion).


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The band was founded on 25 April 2003 by Saaresto and Tukiainen. Tukiainen had written multiple songs for Saaresto's previous band "Playground" and performed with Finnish jazzband "Pohjoinen Syke" previously.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In 2003, Saaresto's friend Sami Järvi, a script-writer working at Remedy Entertainment handed Saaresto a poem he had written, asking him to turn it into a song to use in Remedy's video game "". The song, entitled "Late Goodbye", was used as the ending-theme of the game as well as a recurring motif, being sung and whistled by multiple characters. It was produced by Markus "Captain" Kaarlonen, who joined the band shortly after due to Saaresto and Tukiainen liking his work.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: Kaarlonen being a former employee of benchmark-developer Futuremark, POTF were offered to have their song "Lift" included in the 2005-literation of Futuremark's benchmarking software 3DMark, which exposed the band to a wider audience than "" had done.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In order to keep complete control and freedom over the band, the members founded their own independent record label, Insomniac, on which they have released all their CDs as of 2014.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 30 June 2004, the Poets released their debut single "Late Goodbye" in Finland which was followed by "Lift" on 9 September 2004. The songs charted No. 14 and No. 8 on the Finnish single charts and reached No. 2 and No. 7 in YleX's 2004-voting for "Best Finnish song". POTF were also voted "Fresh Newcomer of 2004" by YleX. The videos for both songs were directed by Tuomas "Stobe" Harju. POTF performed at Popkomm 2005 in Berlin.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 18 December 2004, the Poets released a free download single on their website Maybe Tomorrow is a Better Day to market the release of their debut album "Signs of Life". After having been taken offline, it was remastered and reissued on the band's second album "Carnival of Rust".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The band's debut album "Signs of Life" was released in Finland on 19 January 2005, followed by iTunes on 25 May 2005. It entered the Finnish Top 40 album chart at number one and has been certified platinum by the Finnish IFPI. The album was awarded the Emma Award for the "Best Debut Album of the Year 2005" and the band received the "Best Newcomer of the Year"-Award.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: Accompanying the album, the band released a video for the song "Lift", directed by Tuomas "Stobe" Harju, and used the songs "Stay" and "Illusion and Dream" as promotional radio singles. The album contains a password granting access to a secret page on poetsofthefall.com that hosts a remix of the song "Lift", entitled "Dramadance Remix" as well as wallpapers made from the "Lift" video and the album artwork.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The title "Signs of Life" is a reference to the Pink Floyd-instrumental of the same name released in 1987.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: Having won the "Best Finnish Breakthrough"-Award at the NRJ Radio Awards, POTF released their third single, entitled "Carnival of Rust" in Finland on 22 March 2006 with a release in Germany following on 1 December 2006. The single, which entered the Finnish charts at No. 2, features a radio- and an album-edit as well as a live-recording of "Don't Mess With Me", the fourth track on "Signs of Life", from the band's performance at Rockperry Festival, Vaasa, Finland on 15 July 2005.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 30 March 2006, the band released the video to "Carnival of Rust" which shows a gas-masked woman visiting an old carnival, and also references every song from the band's second album of the same name. The video became hugely popular in Finland, winning two Muuvi Awards as well as the YLE Audience Choice Award as "Best Finnish Music Video of All Time". It was also voted "Best Music Video 2006" by The Voice. In 2009, the video was remastered by Elmeri Raitanen as his bachelor-thesis in visual and media arts at Lahti Institute of Design and reissued in high definition.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The Poets' second album "Carnival of Rust" was released in Finland on 12 April 2006 and has since been released in Sweden, Australia, Ukraine, Russia, Germany and on iTunes. It includes 11 new songs, a remastered version of "Maybe Tomorrow is a Better Day", as well as the music video to the title track. The cover, which sees the return of the lollipop from the first album, was designed by Tuomas Harju.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: "Carnival of Rust" also went straight to No. 1 on the Finnish charts. It has been certified platinum. It was selected as one of the best albums 2006 by Finland's largest newspaper, Helsingin Sanomat, and was nominated for "Best Finnish Album" at the NRJ Radio Awards as well as "Best Rock Album" at the Emma Awards in 2007.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In 2008, POTF redesigned their moth-logo and also changed the font used to display their band name. They also participated in the Voice's CD compilation "Livenä Vieraissa", with a cover version of Chris Cornell's song "You Know My Name", and their own song "Diamonds for Tears".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In the same year, POTF signed Phoenix Effect, the band of former Sunrise Avenue-guitarist Janne Kärkkäinen to their Insomniac-label and produced their debut album "Cyanide Skies" with Saaresto / Tukiainen performing additional vocals / guitar work. The album was released on 18 February 2009 in Finland and entered the Finnish album charts at No. 22. POTF also make a cameo-appearance in the video to Phoenix Effect's song "King See No Evil".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: Poets of the Fall released their next single called "The Ultimate Fling" in Finland on 6 February 2008. The single features three variations of the title track (a radio-edit, an album-edit and an impromptu-version) as well as a live recording of "Fire", the opening track of the band's second album "Carnival of Rust" which was recorded during the Poets' performance at Ankkarock Festival 2007 on 5 August. The single charted at No. 2 in the Finnish singles charts. Months after the release of the single, the band published the accompanying video which consists of fan-recorded footage of the band performing at various gigs.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The third POTF-album, entitled "Revolution Roulette", was released in Finland and on iTunes on 26 March 2008. Its cover was designed by Tuomas Harju and features a giant padlock with a built-in roulette, abandoning the lollipop used on the previous album-covers. The record marks the first POTF-album not produced in Markus Kaarlonen's living-room, but the band's own professional studio. It went straight to the top of the Finnish charts and was certified gold two weeks after being released. The band also released the title track of the album as a promotional radio-single. "Revolution Roulette" is currently the only POTF album that has not been released physically outside Finland. While on tour with the album, the band played their first gig in the United States at Musexpo 2008 in Los Angeles on 29 April 2008.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In mid-2009, after finishing the "Revolution Roulette"-tour, the band announced they would be heading into the studio to record their fourth album, the genre of which they described as "cinematic rock". On 9 December 2009, the band announced that a song entitled "War" from their fourth studio album would be featured in "Alan Wake", a psychological thriller video game developed by Remedy Entertainment. Along with "War", "Alan Wake" also features two new songs, "Children of the Elder God" and "The Poet and The Muse", which were written specifically for the game, and are performed by Poets of the Fall as the in-game band Old Gods of Asgard. In June, the band released a video for "War" (despite it being only a promotional single on radio) which reenacts scenes from the game in live-action. It features Finnish actor Ilkka Villi as the game's protagonist of the same name (Villi also served as the model used for the creation of the Alan Wake character) and the band, except Saaresto. The band portrays in the video some of "Alan Wake"'s in-game antagonists, lumberjacks possessed by an evil force named "the Dark Presence". The antagonists are collectively called "the Taken".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 18 January, the band announced that their fourth album entitled "Twilight Theater" would be released on 17 March in Finland and that the first single from the album would be "Dreaming Wide Awake" which debuted on Radio NRJ Suomi on 21 January and was released on 3 February as a limited-edition single. It reached No. 18 on the Finnish single-charts.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: "Twilight Theater" was released in Finland and on iTunes on 17 March, followed by Germany, Austria and Switzerland on 29 October. It went straight to the top of the Finnish album charts and was certified gold a week after release.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The band released a double-vinyl edition of their debut album "Signs of Life" on 19 January 2011, exactly six years after its original release. A CD&DVD-compilation entitled "Alchemy Vol.1" was released on 16 March 2011. It contains the band's whole videography as well as the favourite songs of the band-members and also features two new songs, "No End, No Beginning" and "Can You Hear Me". The latter was released digitally on 2 February 2011 and is featured in the remake of Remedy Entertainment's video game "Death Rally". The video to the song was directed by Mikko Harma and premiered on The Voice on 18 March 2011.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: A fifth studio album, "Temple of Thought", was released on 21 March 2012 to conform to the release-cycle of two years set by the previous albums. Its name and album cover were revealed on the band's official Facebook page on 25 January 2012. Temple of Thought debuted at #3 on the Finnish charts.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: The first single of the new album, "Cradled in Love", was released for Finnish radio airplay on 24 January 2012. On 26 January it was released for digital download on the band's official digistore. The band released the music video for the song "Cradled in Love" on 3 March 2012. "The Happy Song", an original song written for "Alan Wake's American Nightmare", also appeared on the album. A 45-second snippet of the German radio edit of "Kamikaze Love" was uploaded by Remote Music, an independent German record label, on 24 February 2012. The single was released in Germany on 13 April 2012. A special edition of album was released in Germany and internationally (digital-only) on 20 July 2012. It includes three bonus titles.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: In March 2013, the band announced that they would film their show in Moscow on 23 March, during their 10th Anniversary Tour. They launched a campaign collaborating with PledgeMusic. In April they produced a track called Yö ("night") for the Finnish singer-songwriter Ima. On 13 September 2013 the band released their first live performance DVD titled "Live in Moscow".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 8 July 2014 the band announced that their sixth studio album "Jealous Gods" would be released on 19 September on iTunes and Spotify, along with other digital music retailers, streaming services and selected record stores. The album's first single, "Daze", was released on 22 August on their official website along with its music video. Additionally, prior to the album's release, and as a countdown to the new single and video, each Friday, starting from 11 July with "Signs of Life", the band released each of their albums on Spotify in chronological order. In October 2014, the band began the "Jealous Gods Tour" in Finland and Germany.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 11 June 2015, the band announced that they had begun working on their seventh studio album. In January 2016, they announced they would be working with Kent producer Stefan Boman on the album. On 26 May 2016, the band announced that their seventh album would be titled "Clearview", to be released on 30 September 2016 and is to be followed by an extensive world tour. On 4 August 2016, the album's first single, "Drama for Life", was released. Clearview was released on 30 September 2016, co-inciding with the start of the Clearview tour in Helsinki.


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 11 March 2018, the band announced that their eighth album will be released in October 2018. On 5 October 2018, Poets released their eighth album Ultraviolet, which once again hit the #1 position on the Finnish album chart. Two singles, False Kings and Dancing on Broken Glass, were released prior to the album. Currently the band is recording material for various new projects, as well as playing around the world with the Ultraviolet Tour. In 2019, a single from the album, My Dark Disquiet, was featured in the video game "Control".


title: Poets of the Fall

text: On 13 March 2022 Poets of the Fall announced their album "Ghostlight", released in April 2022, as a completion to the band's third trilogy, consisting of "Clearview", "Ultraviolet" and "Ghostlight". According to the band, "Ghostlight" embodies the idea of metamorphosis, winning over hardship, of acceptance and becoming whole. The first single released was "Requiem for My Harlequin".


title: Terrified (film)

text: Terrified () is a 2017 Argentine horror film written and directed by Demián Rugna, concerning a series of supernatural events in a neighbourhood of Buenos Aires.