title: Fort Worth Missing Trio

text: In 1981, years after the disappearance, a man said he had been in the parking lot that day and had seen a man forcing a girl into a van. The man in the van told him it was a family dispute and to stay out of it.


title: Fort Worth Missing Trio

text: In April 2001, Bill Hutchins, a former Fort Worth policeman and security guard at the Seminary South Sears outlet, said that he saw the three girls with a security guard on the night they disappeared.


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Joseph Wiseman (May 15, 1918 – October 19, 2009) was a Canadian-American theatre, film, and television actor who starred as the villain Julius No in the first James Bond film, "Dr. No" in 1962. Wiseman was also known for his role as Manny Weisbord on the TV series "Crime Story", and his career on Broadway. He was once called "the spookiest actor in the American theatre."


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Wiseman was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, to parents, Louis and Pearl Wiseman and was raised in New York City, New York State, United States. At age 16, he began performing in summer stock and became professional, which displeased his parents.


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: He was an alumnus of John Adams High School, Queens, New York, (graduated June 1935), as was his "Dr. No" co-star, Jack Lord.


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Wiseman made his Broadway debut in 1938, playing a small part in Robert E. Sherwood's "Abe Lincoln in Illinois". Among the many productions he appeared in live theatre, were the title role in "In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer" on Broadway in 1968, and the role of Father Massieu in the original Broadway production of "Joan of Lorraine", the Maxwell Anderson play which eventually became the film "Joan of Arc".


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Wiseman appeared in several films in the 1950s. He made his first major film appearance in 1951's "Detective Story", where he recreated his performance from Broadway as an unstable small-time hood. Soon after, he played Marlon Brando's archenemy in "Viva Zapata!" (1952). Wiseman's role as the titular Dr. No in the first James Bond film by Eon Productions was a decision of producer Harry Saltzman, who cast Wiseman in the role in December 1961. It was Wiseman's performance in "Detective Story" that gained him the part. (Later in his life, he viewed the film with disdain, and preferred to be remembered for his theater career.)


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: In 1967, he was cast as Billy Minsky's father in "The Night They Raided Minsky's"; later he appeared opposite Sir Laurence Olivier in "The Betsy" (1978). Wiseman had roles in a wide variety of other films: "The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz", "Seize the Day", "Bye Bye Braverman". He had guest-starring and cameo roles in TV series including "The Westerner", "The Streets of San Francisco", "The Untouchables", "Crime Story", "The Twilight Zone" ("One More Pallbearer"), " Magnum, P.I.", "Buck Rogers in the 25th Century", and "Night Gallery". His last film was released in 1988, though he appeared in TV shows such as "MacGyver", "L.A. Law", and "Law & Order" after that time. Wiseman's last appearance on television was the supporting role of Seymour Bergreen on a 1996 episode of "Law & Order" titled "Family Business". His last Broadway appearance was in "Judgment at Nuremberg" in 2001.


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Following the death of Charles Gray in 2000, Wiseman was the last surviving main villain of the James Bond films which Sean Connery made for United Artists.


title: Joseph Wiseman

text: Wiseman married Nell Kinard on August 25, 1943, in New York, but they eventually divorced May 15, 1964, in Durham, NC. He was married to dancer, teacher, and choreographer Pearl Lang from 1964 until her death in February 2009. Wiseman died on October 19, 2009, at his home in Manhattan aged 91, having been in declining health for some time. He is survived by his daughter, Martha Graham Wiseman, and his sister, Ruth Wiseman.


title: TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time

text: 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time (1997) and Top 100 Episodes of All Time (2009) are lists of the 100 "best" television show episodes on U.S. television as published by "TV Guide". The first list, published on June 28, 1997, was produced in collaboration with Nick at Nite's TV Land. The revised list was published on June 15, 2009. Both lists exclude game shows and variety shows, but include situation comedies and drama series.


text: About 25 shows from the original list were featured during a special week on Nick at Night on Nickelodeon and TV Land. On the original list several shows, including "I Love Lucy", "The Mary Tyler Moore Show", "The Dick Van Dyke Show", "Seinfeld", "Cheers", and "The Odd Couple" had multiple entries, but none did on the 2009 list. The original list included 35 episodes from the 1950s and 1960s, while the 2009 list only included 10. Over one-third of the new list first aired in the twelve years since the original list, including 14 from the most recent two years. The June 2009 list included episodes as recent as the April 12, 2009, "Peekaboo" episode of "Breaking Bad" and the April 7, 2009, "Baptism" episode of "Rescue Me", while the 1997 list included a two-month-old episode of "The X-Files".


text: CBS was the original broadcaster of 35 of the 1997 list members, including both of the top two: "Chuckles Bites the Dust" of "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" and "Lucy Does a TV Commercial" from "I Love Lucy". Several television series were represented by a different episode in 2009 than they were in 1997. The 2009 top rated show was "The Contest" from "Seinfeld" although in 1997 the show had been represented by "The Boyfriend" (number four) and "The Parking Garage" (number 33), instead of "The Contest". Three of the top 10 1997 episodes were removed although the series continued to be represented by other episodes: "The $99,000 Answer" (number 6) from "The Honeymooners", "Thanksgiving Orphans" (number 7) from "Cheers"; and "Coast-to-Coast Big Mouth" (number 8) from "The Dick Van Dyke Show".


text: The 1997 list included detailed show descriptions for all episodes, while only a select few were accompanied by more than a single sentence in the ascending order 2009 list. Only one of the thirteen contributors to the 2009 list was involved in the 1997 list.


text: Paley Center for Media's James Sheridan regretted the recency bias of the newer list. Hal Boedeker of the "Orlando Sentinel" viewed the original list as a triumphant result despite its conflict of interest. The original list was derided for omitting "Bonanza" and "The Golden Girls" entirely. "Daily News" David Bianculli was critical of the original list, saying that many selections would not be on a more legitimate top-100 list. He claimed that episodes chosen from "Murder One", "The Partridge Family", "The Love Boat", and "Speed Racer" reveal a lack of either maturity or perspective, while others showed taste and bravery. "Chicago Tribune" critic Steve Johnson complained that it was premature to claim that any episode of "ER" had established sufficient cultural significance to rank third on the original list. Jaime Weinman of "Maclean's" complained that the 2009 list was composed of the most well-known episode of famous series, claiming that they were largely unexceptional episodes. He preferred the 1997 list, which he said was produced when "TV Guide" was a higher caliber publication.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: The Brink's-Mat robbery occurred at the Heathrow International Trading Estate, London, United Kingdom, on 26 November 1983. £26 million (equivalent to £ in ) worth of gold bullion, diamonds, and cash was stolen from a warehouse. The bullion was the property of Johnson Matthey Bankers Ltd, which collapsed the following year after making large loans to fraudsters and insolvent firms. Two men were convicted, and the majority of the gold has never been recovered. Insurers Lloyd's of London paid out for the losses, and several shooting deaths have been linked to the case.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: The Brink's-Mat robbery occurred at 06:40 am on 26 November 1983 when six robbers broke into the Brink's-Mat warehouse, Unit 7 of the Heathrow International Trading Estate near Heathrow Airport in West London, England. It was described as "the crime of the century".


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: The gang gained entry to the warehouse from security guard Anthony Black, who was in on the robbery. Once inside, they poured petrol over the staff and threatened them with a lit match if they did not reveal the combination numbers of the vault. The robbers thought that they were going to steal £3.2 million in cash, but they found of gold bullion and stole £26 million (equivalent to £ million in ) worth of gold, diamonds, and cash.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Two days after the robbery, a couple saw a white-hot crucible operating in a garden hut at a neighbour's property near Bath, Somerset. Suspecting it to be linked to the bullion robbery, they immediately informed the police. The police arrived and were shown the hut, but they said it was just beyond their jurisdiction and stated that they would pass the information on to the police responsible for that area. The couple were never asked to give a statement to police or give evidence in court. No explanation has been given for the police's failure to follow up immediately on the tip-off.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Fourteen months later the premises were raided and the furnace was found. The occupier John Palmer, a local jeweller and bullion dealer, was arrested. In court, Palmer said he was unaware the gold was linked to the robbery and he was cleared of all charges.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: One of the robbers, Brian Robinson, was caught after security guard insider Black, his brother-in-law, passed his name to investigating officers. He was arrested in December 1983.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: The police quickly discovered the family connection and Black confessed to aiding and abetting the raiders, providing them with a key to the main door, and giving them details of security measures.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Micky McAvoy had entrusted part of his share to associates Brian Perry and George Francis. Perry recruited Kenneth Noye, who was an expert in his field, to dispose of the gold. Noye melted down the bullion and recast it for sale, mixing in copper coins to disguise the source. However, the sudden movement of large amounts of money through a Bristol bank came to the notice of the Bank of England, which informed the police.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Noye was placed under police surveillance. In January 1985, he killed a police officer, DC John Fordham, whom he had discovered in his garden. At the resulting trial, the jury found him not guilty.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Tried at the Old Bailey in December 1984, McAvoy was sentenced to 25 years imprisonment for armed robbery. Black was sentenced to six years.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: In 1986, Noye was found guilty of conspiracy to handle the Brink's-Mat gold, fined £500,000, plus £200,000 costs, and sentenced to 14 years in prison. He served seven years before being released in 1994. George Francis was later murdered and McAvoy was thought to be a suspect.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Attempts by McAvoy to strike a deal to give back his share of the money in exchange for a reduced sentence failed, as by then the money had vanished. In January 1995, the High Court ordered McAvoy to make a payment of £27,488,299, making him responsible for the entire sum stolen. He was released from prison in 2000.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: In 1996, Noye murdered motorist Stephen Cameron during a road rage incident. Arrested in Spain and extradited, he was convicted of Cameron's murder in 2000 for which he received a life sentence.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Much of the three tonnes of stolen gold has never been recovered and the other four robbers were never convicted. In 1996, about half of the gold, the portion which had been melted and recast, was thought to have found its way back into the legitimate gold market, including the reserves of the true owners, Johnson Matthey. According to the BBC, some have claimed that anyone wearing gold jewellery bought in the UK after 1983 is probably wearing Brink's-Mat.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: On 21 December 1983, less than four weeks after the robbery, police in Austria arrested five men, four Italians and an Austrian, at a Vienna hotel. Police also recovered ten bullion bars bearing the refiner's mark and serial numbers of bars stolen in the Brink's-Mat robbery.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: According to the police spokesman, the bars were gold-coated tungsten counterfeits, and therefore could not be Johnson Matthey's stolen gold bars. He said that the arrested men planned to fraudulently claim they were from the Heathrow robbery. No explanation was given as to how the counterfeiters obtained the unpublished bar serial numbers, nor the likely benefit of counterfeiting stolen property in this way.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Gordon Parry laundered large amounts of cash from the robbery after the disposal of the gold according to the Panama Papers, which show an offshore financial intermediary firm in Jersey named Centre Services requested Mossack Fonseca set up a Panamanian company 12 months after the Heathrow raid on behalf of an unnamed client. Under Parry's direction millions of pounds were put through the resulting Feberion and other front companies via banks in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Jersey and the Isle of Man. A man identified as depositing £500,000 in cash to the Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank is thought to have been notorious armed robber David Moore.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: Two nominee directors from Sark were appointed to Feberion and the company then issued two bearer shares. Parry used the offshore firms and recycled the funds, said to have amounted to £10.7 million, through transactions involving land in London Docklands, some buildings that used to form part of Cheltenham Ladies' College, a farmhouse in Kent for McAvoy's girlfriend Kathleen Meacock and a £400,000 home for himself and his family, Crockham House, near Chartwell, Kent. The Metropolitan Police raided the offices of Centre Services in late 1986 in cooperation with the Jersey authorities, seized papers and the two Feberion bearer shares.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: In 1987, Jürgen Mossack, the law firm's principal, regained control of the company by dilution. Parry appointed a fresh set of Feberion directors, who were instructed to issue 98 new shares to Western Cross Inc, a front company controlled by Parry or his associates. In 1995, Brink's-Mat solicitors finally took control of Feberion and its assets. Crockham House was sold, and reacquired by Parry's wife, Irene Beaumont.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: On 30 September 1984, less than a year after the Brink's-Mat robbery, the banking and gold-trading arm of Johnson Matthey (Johnson Matthey Bankers Ltd) collapsed and was taken over by the Bank of England to protect the integrity of the London gold markets. Losses amounted to over US$300 million. The bank had made very large loans to fraudsters and insolvent businesses over several years, and had serious and unexplained gaps in its records. The fraud squad was called in to investigate the bank and certain customers.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: The so-called "Curse of Brink's-Mat" or "Curse of the Brink's-Mat millions" refers to the shooting deaths of several men who were allegedly involved.


title: Brink's-Mat robbery

text: These deaths were thought by members of the London criminal underworld to be related to laundering of the gold.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: "Family Ties" (stylized in all lowercase) is a song by American rappers Baby Keem and Kendrick Lamar. The song was released on August 27, 2021, by Columbia Records and pgLang. The song serves as the fourth single from Keem's debut album, "The Melodic Blue". The song also serves as Lamar’s first musical release under pgLang, a production company he co-founded in March 2020.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: "Family Ties" marks Lamar's first single and new music since "Pray for Me" with Canadian singer The Weeknd, released in 2018. The song also marks the first official collaboration between Keem and Lamar, who are real-life cousins, hence the name of the song, as well as the single’s cover art depicting them in a family portrait, which pays homage to the album cover of Lamar's 2012 breakout album "good kid, m.A.A.d city". The accompanying music video features a cameo from singer Normani; and won the 2022 BET Award for Video of the Year.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: According to Kanye West, the song is about the genocides of Jewish people, but this claim has been shut down by Keem and Lamar.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: The song received two nominations at the 2022 Grammy Awards for Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance, winning the latter award. It also received two nominations for Song of the Year and Video of the Year at the 2022 XXL Awards.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: The accompanying music video was directed by Dave Free, and features a cameo from singer Normani, alongside Baby Keem, and Lamar who is billed mid-video as Oklama.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: In the first scene, the music video begins with a moshpit of black men, who are wearing black bombers and sunglasses surrounding Keem and Lamar, with the two artists wearing orange attire. Black ballerinas are also featured. In the second scene, Lamar raps about still being relevant in hip-hop despite taking a hiatus. Near the end of the music video, Normani appears in a stretch limo SUV alongside the two rappers, before the rappers make their last proclamations. Throughout the video, clips of different sizes and themes are placed on top of the video, overlapping the ones below them. The video is divided into two "scenes", with scene 1 representing Keem's section, and scene 2 representing Lamar's section.


title: Family Ties (song)

text: In a review for the track, "Pitchfork" wrote that "Kendrick's oddball raps and nonsensical flow switches express a newfound creative freedom. His future is his own."


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut on the Naugatuck River, southwest of Hartford and northeast of New York City. Waterbury is the second-largest city in New Haven County, Connecticut. According to the 2020 US Census, in 2020 Waterbury had a population of 114,403. As of the 2010 census, Waterbury had a population of 110,366, making it the 10th largest city in the New York Metropolitan Area, 9th largest city in New England and the 5th largest city in Connecticut.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Throughout the first half of the 20th century, Waterbury had large industrial interests and was the leading center in the United States for the manufacture of brassware (including castings and finishings), as reflected in the nickname the "Brass City" and the city's motto "Quid Aere Perennius?" ("What Is More Lasting Than Brass?"). It was also noted for the manufacture of watches and clocks (Timex).


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: The city is alongside Interstate 84 (Yankee Expressway) and Route 8 and has a Metro-North railroad station with connections to Grand Central Terminal. Waterbury is also home to Post University and the regional campuses of the University of Connecticut, University of Bridgeport, Western Connecticut State University as well as Naugatuck Valley Community College.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: The land was originally inhabited by the Algonquin bands. According to Samuel Orcutt's history, some Puritan residents of nearby Farmington "found it expedient to purchase the same lands from different tribes, without attempting to decide between their rival claims." The original settlement of Waterbury in 1674 was in the area now known as the Town Plot section. In 1675, the turbulence of King Philip's War caused the new settlement to be vacated until the resumption of peace in 1677. A new permanent location was found across the river to the east along the Mad River. The original Native American inhabitants called the area "Matetacoke" meaning "the interval lands." Thus, the settlement's name was Anglicised to "Mattatuck" in 1673. When the settlement was admitted as the 28th town in the Connecticut Colony in 1686, the name was changed to Waterbury in reference to the numerous streams that emptied into the Naugatuck River from the hills on either side of the valley. At that time, it included all or parts of what later became the towns of Watertown, Plymouth, Wolcott, Prospect, Naugatuck, Thomaston, and Middlebury.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Growth was slow during Waterbury's first hundred years, the lack of arable land due to the constant flooding of the Naugatuck River in particular, discouraged many potential settlers. Furthermore, the residents suffered through a great flood in 1691 and an outbreak of disease in 1712. After a century, Waterbury's population numbered just 5,000.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury emerged as an early American industrial power in the early 19th century when the city began to manufacture brass, harnessing the waters of the Mad River and Naugatuck River to power the early factories. The new brass industry attracted many immigrant laborers from all over the world, leading to an influx of diverse nationalities. Waterbury was incorporated as a city in 1853 and, as the "Brass Capital of the World", it gained a reputation for the quality and durability of its goods. Brass and copper supplied by Waterbury were used in Nevada's Boulder Dam among myriad applications across the United States.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: A famous Waterbury product of the late-19th century was Robert H. Ingersoll's one-dollar pocket watch, five million of which were sold. After this, the clock industry became as important as Waterbury's brass industry. Evidence of these industries can still be seen in Waterbury, as numerous clocktowers and old brass factories have become landmarks of the city.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury produced silverware starting in 1858 by Rogers & Brother, and in 1886 by Rogers & Hamilton. In 1893, Rogers & Brother exhibited wares at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. In 1898, both companies became part of the International Silver Company, headquartered in nearby Meriden. Production continued at the R&B site until 1938. Designs of the two companies are in the collections of the Mattatuck Museum in Waterbury, the Brooklyn Museum in New York, the Yale University Art Gallery in New Haven, and in many historical societies and museums across the United States.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: In June 1920, labor unrest occurred, with striking workers fighting with police on the street. Over 30 were arrested, mostly Lithuanians, Russians, Poles, and Italians. The strikers numbered some 15,000, with most being employed at Scovill, Chase Rolling Mill, and Chase Metal Works. One striker was shot to death by police.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: At its peak during World War II, 10,000 people worked at the Scovill Manufacturing Co, later sold to Century Brass. The city's metal manufacturing mills (Scovill Manufacturing, Anaconda American Brass, and Chase Brass & Copper were the largest) occupied more than 2 million square feet (180,000 m) and more than 90 buildings.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: On May 24, 1962, the north side of the city was devastated by a high-end F3 tornado that caused widespread damage, destroyed numerous neighborhoods, and left one dead and 50 injured. Damage from the storm was estimated to be at least $5 million.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and , or 1.46%, is water.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury lies in the humid continental climate zone, and normally sees cold, snowy winters and warm, humid summers.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Ethnic communities distinguish the city's 25 neighborhoods. Clusters of shops at the street corners created villages within the city. For many people, home, work and community life was contained within their neighborhood. Downtown, a short walk away, was "the city", offering live theater, fancy stores, parades and spectacles.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: As of the census of 2010, there were 110,366 people, 42,761 households, and 26,996 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 42,761 housing units at an average density of 1,492.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 58.8% White, 20.1% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 14.2% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 31.2% of the population.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury has a large Italian-American population with 21.46% of its residents claiming Italian heritage. The Italian influence is especially strong in the Town Plot, Brooklyn, and North End neighborhoods. Additionally, the city is home to thriving Albanian, Cape Verdean, Dominican, Brazilian, Jamaican, Lithuanian,


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Portuguese, and Puerto Rican communities. Waterbury also has a large Irish community, especially in the Washington Hill section which is home to the city's annual St. Patrick Day's Parade, which, oddly enough, is rarely held on St. Patrick's Day itself. At the beginning of the 21st century, Waterbury had a growing Orthodox Jewish population. Waterbury had a significant Jewish population beginning in the late 1800s, initially as a result of German immigration. The first synagogue in Waterbury opened in 1872. In the early 20th century, almost 9,000 Jews immigrated from Eastern Europe, with many fleeing persecution. The Orthodox Jewish community has experienced a renaissance since 2000 due to efforts by educators and developers to create an affordable alternative to the high cost of living in established Orthodox communities in New York and New Jersey. This renaissance began with the founding of the Yeshiva K'tana of Waterbury in 2000; as of 2014, this full-service elementary and middle school has nearly 400 students. Other educational institutions are the Yeshiva Gedolah of Waterbury, which includes a "mesivta" high school and "beit medrash" (undergraduate) program for approximately 230 students, a Bais Yaakov school for girls, and a "kolel". As of the end of 2014, the Waterbury Orthodox community numbers 180 families and includes a "mikveh", "eruv", and community services such as Hatzalah and Chaverim.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: There were 42,622 households, out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.7% were married couples living together, 28.4% had a single householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.11.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: According to the 2014 5-year American Community Survey (conducted 2010–2014, data released December 3, 2015), the median income for a household in the city was $41,136, compared to $69,899 statewide. In Waterbury, 24.2% of the population, or 26,122 residents of the city, lived below the poverty line, compared to 10.5% statewide. In Waterbury, 36.8% of the child population age 0–17, or 9,984 children in the city, lived below the poverty line, compared to 14% statewide.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury's economic decline in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in it being ranked as having the worst quality of life of 300 U.S. metropolitan areas by "Money Magazine" in 1992. Waterbury was also rated as one of the "Worst Places for Businesses and Careers in America" by "Forbes Magazine" in April 2008. Regardless, the city was named on the 100 Best Places to Raise a Family list in the same year.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: According to the city's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury has about 52,000 registered voters, of whom about 24,000 are Democrats. There are about 7,800 registered Republicans and the balance are largely unaffiliated, with a smattering belonging to minor parties.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: John S. Monagan, who was a prolific author in addition to his political responsibilities, served as Waterbury's mayor from 1943 to 1948. He also served as its district's congressional representative from 1959 to 1973. George Harlamon, a member of the Waterbury Hall of Fame, was the city's 40th mayor. He served from 1969 to 1970 during a period of racial tension. The city is known for its hard-nosed political culture compared locally to Cook County, Illinois, close elections, and a number of scandals.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury's scandalous past dates back to 1940, when Mayor T. Frank Hayes and 22 others were convicted of conspiracy to defraud the City of Waterbury. Hayes received a 10–15 year sentence and served six years. Ironically, the massive corruption scheme was exposed with the help of then comptroller Sherwood Rowland, grandfather of Gov. John G. Rowland, who was convicted on corruption charges in 2004. What appeared to have been a defeat for Hayes was not really a victory for Pape, and the stage was set for further corruption in Waterbury in the second half of the 20th century. Waterbury was in serious financial straits due to years of mismanagement, resulting in the city's finances being taken over by the State of Connecticut. The State Oversight Board oversaw city business for several years and have since left following consecutive years of balanced budgets. In 1992 former Mayor Joseph Santopietro was sentenced to nine years in prison following a public corruption conviction. The successors to Philip Giordano, former acting mayor Sam Caligiuri (2001) and former mayor Michael Jarjura (2001–2011) managed the city without major controversy since 2001. Democrat Neil O'Leary was elected the 46th Mayor of Waterbury on November 9, 2011.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: In 1939, Pape backed an attempt to install council-manager government and single-transferable-vote elections. The local Republican Party and Connecticut General Assembly also supported this measure. New York Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia helped campaign for its passage, having backed similar reforms in his own city in 1936.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: A number of presidential candidates have campaigned in Waterbury due to its pivotal role in statewide elections. The most famous was the election eve visit on the Green by John F. Kennedy in 1960. Forty thousand people waited until 3am on the Green to greet Kennedy on Sunday, November 6, 1960. Sen. Kennedy spoke to them from the balcony of the Roger Smith Hotel (now called the Elton). Pierre Salinger later said it was the greatest night of the campaign. In September 1984 Ronald Reagan held a huge noontime election rally at the same location. In July 2006 former president Bill Clinton made a campaign appearance at the Palace Theatre for Senator Joe Lieberman during his campaign for re-election to the U.S. Senate. Shortly after the Democratic primary, Tom Swan, campaign manager for Lieberman's opponent Ned Lamont, described Waterbury as a place where "the forces of slime meet the forces of evil," after a large majority of the town's voters backed Lieberman. Swan claimed he was referring to former mayor Philip A. Giordano and former governor John G. Rowland.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Governor John G. Rowland served ten months in a federal prison until February 10, 2006. He was released from federal prison with the stipulation that he serve four months house arrest with an electronic ankle bracelet monitor until June 2006.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: In January 2008 Waterbury Mayor Michael Jarjura announced that he would hire Rowland as an economic development advisor for the city. Rowland began work in February that year receiving an annual salary of $95,000 as the city's economic development coordinator funded in conjunction with the Greater Waterbury Chamber of Commerce.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: In 2011, the Board of Aldermen voted to eliminate funding the city's portion of his salary and in November 2011 Rowland stated he would give up his position when his contract expired thus ending his quasi-city employment.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Later that year, following his victory over then Mayor Jarjura, new mayor Neil O'Leary created the position of Economic Development Director as part of his new administration, removing the duties from the Chamber of Commerce and bringing them directly into City Hall, making Economic Development a cornerstone of his administration. Ron Pugliese was hired as the first director to hold the position.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Public schools are operated by Waterbury Public Schools, under the leadership of a superintendent and a board of education consisting of ten elected members and the city mayor, who acts as chairman "ex-officio". Schools include:


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Two newspapers are operated within Waterbury: the "Republican-American", which covers 36 communities throughout Western Connecticut, and the "Waterbury Observer". WATR 1320 AM, a radio station under the same family ownership since 1934 and broadcasting on the same frequency since 1939, operates a News/Talk/Classic Hits music format and is the only radio station broadcasting in Waterbury.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Two FM radio stations are also located in Waterbury: WWYZ 92.5, which plays a country music format and WMRQ 104.1, which plays alternative rock. They both transmit from 10 miles away in Meriden and have wide-reaching signals that can be heard clearly as far away as Bridgeport.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: WTXX-TV (channel 20) is licensed to Waterbury and serves as Hartford's affiliate for The CW; it is operated out of the "Hartford Courant" building with sister Tribune Broadcasting Fox affiliate WTIC-TV (channel 61), and carries mainly syndicated content outside of network hours.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Commuting in the Greater Waterbury area consists of multiple public transportation options. the CT Transit through Northeast Transportation Company, operates a significant number of city buses running from the Waterbury's city center at Exchange Place to various neighborhoods in the city. In 2014 the Hartford-New Britain Busway was opened, a local bus runs to Waterbury, Cheshire, Southington and New Britain an express bus to run between Waterbury and Hartford.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Metro-North Railroad runs commuter trains multiple times a day between the Waterbury station and Bridgeport, with connections to Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Waterbury's Union Station, built in 1909 for the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, is now closed for use as a railway station and part of the building is now the headquarters of the "Republican-American" newspaper. Passengers traveling to and from Waterbury board and alight on a concrete platform adjacent to the old station. There are no ticket agents at Waterbury, which is currently the end of the line for the Waterbury Branch.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: The two main highways that run through the heart of the city are I-84 (Yankee Expressway) and Route 8. In the downtown area, I-84 and Route 8 are located on the elevated William W. Deady Bridge, known locally as the "MixMaster" with eastbound traffic on the upper deck and westbound traffic on the lower deck. The interchange is ranked as one of the most heavily congested traffic areas in the New York/Connecticut region. Waterbury–Oxford Airport is the primary airport serving the city. The smaller Waterbury Airport is about from the city's central business district. Bradley International Airport (BDL) in Windsor Locks and Tweed New Haven Airport (HVN) in East Haven are the closest commercial airports to Waterbury.


title: Waterbury, Connecticut

text: Waterbury Fire Department is a full-time, paid department, which operates eight fire stations, under the command of a Battalion Chief and a Deputy Chief.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Amruta Fadnavis (née Ranade; born 9 April 1979) is an Indian banker, actor, singer and social activist. She is married to the 9th and current Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Devendra Fadnavis. She holds the post of vice-president with Axis Bank.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: She has represented India at National Prayer Breakfast – 2017, an International peace initiative presided by U.S. President Donald Trump.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Amruta Fadnavis was born as Amruta Ranade on 9 April 1979 in Nagpur, Maharashtra to Sharad Ranade, an ophthalmologist and Charulata Ranade, a gynaecologist. She initially studied at St. Joseph Convent School, Nagpur. She was a state level under 16 tennis player. She graduated from G.S. College of Commerce and Economics, Nagpur. Later she pursued MBA in finance and studied taxation laws from Symbiosis Law School, Pune.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Fadnavis started her career with Axis Bank as executive cashier in 2003 and subsequently headed Axis Bank business branch in Nagpur.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: As a banker, Fadnavis has worked with Axis Bank since the last 17 years. She joined as an executive cashier and works as Vice-president – Transaction Banking Department. She migrated to the corporate office at Worli, Mumbai in January 2015 and continued working with Axis Bank even after her husband became the Chief Minister of Maharashtra.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Trained since the age of six in classical music, Fadnavis has performed at various social events as well as has sung for many commercial and social films. She made her debut as a playback singer in Prakash Jha’s "Jai Gangaajal" with the song titled "Sab Dhan Mati". She sang a song in a biopic "Sangharsh Yatra" based on the life of BJP leader Gopinath Munde.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Fadnavis' first music video "Phir Se" featuring Amitabh Bachchan released by T-Series was viewed over 700,000 times in a single day and reached over 1.4 million views in three days.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: In 2018, her song "Mumbai River Anthem" was to save the four rivers of Mumbai-Poisar, Dahisar, Oshiwara and Mithi. In 2020, she sang "Alag Mera Ye Rang Hai" for acid attack victims, "Tu Mandir Tu Shivala" for the corona warriors and "Tila Jagu Dya" for women's empowerment.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: On the occasion of Mahashivratri in 2022, Fadnavis launched a new song, a rendition of the Sankrit hymn "Shiva Tandava Stotra". Released by Times Music, it received over 12 million views on YouTube .


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: In 2017, Fadnavis organised a fashion show of acid attack survivors, dubbed the "Acid Attack Victors", at National Sports Club of India, Worli. The show was supported by Divyaj Foundation in collaboration with Maharashtra State Women Commission. Chief Minister of Maharashtra Devendra Fadnavis, who was present at the event, announced an increase of the compensation amount for acid attack victims from 300,000 to 500,000.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: In 2019, Fadanvis and the Divyaj Foundation initiated a musical talent show titled "Mitti Ke Sitare" for underprivileged school children between the ages of 7 to 15 from the slums of Mumbai, with an aim to provide selected candidates in different genre of vocal and instrumental music a larger platform.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: Maharashtra State Lawn Tennis Association (MSLTA) announced Fadnavis as the Chief Patron of the Davis Cup tie between India and New Zealand 2017 in Pune. She was again announced as the chief patron of the L&T Mumbai Open Tennis Tournament which took place in November 2018.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: A documentary about Fadnavis, "The Voice" won the Best Film Documentary at IndieFEST, in 2019. It was written, directed, and produced by Sagar Pagar.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: In October 2018, Amruta Fadnavis attended the inaugural voyage of India's first luxury cruise liner 'Angriya'. Fadnavis was criticised after a video of her sitting on the edge of the vessel risking her life to take a selfie was released online. Fadnavis purportedly ignored multiple requests from security personnel to return to the safe areas of the vessel. She later issued an apology for setting a bad example for the youth by taking undue risks to take a selfie.


title: Amruta Fadnavis

text: In September 2019, Fadnavis was in a controversy for calling Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the ""Father of our Country"" while wishing the latter on his birthday.


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Shibuya-kei first emerged as retail music from the Shibuya district of Tokyo. Flipper's Guitar, a duo led by Kenji Ozawa and Keigo Oyamada (Cornelius), formed the bedrock of the genre and influenced all of its groups, but the most prominent Shibuya-kei band was Pizzicato Five, who fused mainstream J-pop with a mix of jazz, soul, and lounge influences. Shibuya-kei peaked in the late 1990s and declined after its principal players began moving into other music styles.


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Overseas, fans of Shibuya-kei were typically indie pop enthusiasts, which contrasted with the tendency for other Japanese music scenes to attract listeners of foreign anime fandoms. This was partly because many Shibuya-kei records had been distributed in the United States through major indie labels like Matador and Grand Royal.


title: Shibuya-kei

text: The term "Shibuya-kei" comes from , one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, known for its concentration of stylish restaurants, bars, buildings, record shops, and bookshops. In the late 1980s, the term "J-pop" was formulated by FM radio station J-Wave as a way to distinguish Western-sounding Japanese music (a central characteristic of Shibuya-kei) from exclusively Euro-American music. In 1991, HMV Shibuya opened a J-pop corner which showcased displays and leaflets that highlighted indie records. It was one of those displays that coined the moniker "Shibuya-kei".


title: Shibuya-kei

text: At the time, Shibuya was an epicenter for Tokyo fashion, nightlife, and youth culture with a cluster of record shops like Tower Records and HMV, which housed a selection of imports, as well as fashionable record boutiques. British independent record labels such as él Records and the Compact Organization had been influences on the various Japanese indie distributors, and thanks to the late 1980s economic boom in Japan, Shibuya music shops could afford to stock a wider selection of genres.


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Musicologist Mori Yoshitaka writes that popular groups from the area responded with their "eclectically fashionable hybrid music influenced by different musical resources from around the world in a way that might be identified as postmodernist ... they were able to listen to, quote, sample, mix, and dub this music, and eventually create a new hybrid music. In other words, "Shibuya-kei" was a byproduct of consumerism". Journalist W. David Marx notes that the musicians were less interested in having an original sound than they were about having a sound that reflected their personal tastes, that the music "was literally built out of this collection process. The 'creative content' is almost all curation, since they basically reproduced their favourite songs, changing the melody a bit but keeping all parts of the production intact."


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Specific touchstones include the French yé-yé music of Serge Gainsbourg, the orchestral pop of Van Dyke Parks and the Beach Boys' Brian Wilson, the lounge pop of Burt Bacharach, and the sunshine pop of Roger Nichols and the Small Circle of Friends. Wilson was romanticized as a mad genius experimenting in the recording studio, and Phil Spector's Wall of Sound was emulated not for its denseness, but for its elaborate quality. From él Records, Louis Philippe was heralded as the "godfather" of the Shibuya sound around the time he released the Japan-only albums "Jean Renoir" (1992) and "Rainfall" (1993). Reynolds adds that Postcard Records and "the tradition of Scottish indie pop it spawned was hugely admired, and there was a penchant for what the Japanese dubbed 'funk-a-latina': Haircut 100 ..., Blue Rondo à la Turk, Matt Bianco. The composite of all these innocuous and already distinctly ersatz sources was a cosmopolitan hybrid that didn’t draw on any indigenous Japanese influences."


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Flipper's Guitar, a duo led by Kenji Ozawa and Keigo Oyamada (also known as Cornelius), formed the bedrock of Shibuya-kei and influenced all of its groups. However, the term was not coined until after the fact, and its exact definition would not be crystallized until 1993. Many of these artists indulged in a cut-and-paste style that was inspired by previous genres based on kitsch, fusion, and artifice. In the West, the development of chamber pop and a renewed interest in cocktail music was a remote parallel. According to Reynolds: "What was really international was the "underlying" sensibility. ... The Shibuya-kei approach was common to an emerging class of rootless cosmopolitans with outposts in most major cities of the world ... known pejoratively as hipsters." Eventually, the music of Shibuya-kei groups and their derivatives could be heard in virtually every cafe and boutique in Japan. Reynolds references this as an issue with its "model of elevated consumerism and curation-as-creation ... Once music is a reflection of esoteric knowledge rather than expressive urgency, its value is easily voided."


title: Shibuya-kei

text: After Oyamada went solo, he became one of the biggest Shibuya-kei successes. Although his debut "The Sun Is My Enemy" only peaked at No. 15 on Japanese singles charts, writer Ian Martin calls it a "key track" that helped define Shibuya-kei. His 1997 album "Fantasma" is also considered one of the greatest achievements of the genre. Oyamada landed praise from American music critics, who called him a "modern-day Brian Wilson" or the "Japanese Beck". Marx described the album as "an important textbook for an alternative musical history where Bach, Bacharach, and the Beach Boys stands as the great triumvirate."


title: Shibuya-kei

text: The most prominent Shibuya-kei band was Pizzicato Five, who fused mainstream J-pop with a mix of jazz, soul, and lounge influences, reaching a commercial peak with "Made in USA" (1994). As the style's popularity increased at end of the 1990s, the term began to be applied to many bands whose musical stylings reflected a more mainstream sensibility. Although some artists rejected or resisted being categorized as "Shibuya-kei," the name ultimately stuck, as the style was favored by local businesses, including Shibuya Center Street's HMV Shibuya, which sold Shibuya-kei records in its traditional Japanese music section. Increasingly, musicians outside Japan—including Momus, La Casa Azul, Dimitri from Paris, Ursula 1000, Nicola Conte, Natural Calamity, and Phofo—are labeled Shibuya-kei. South Korean bands such as Clazziquai Project, Casker, and Humming Urban Stereo have been said to represent "a Korean neo-Shibuya-kei movement".


title: Shibuya-kei

text: Shibuya-kei's prominence declined after its principal players began moving into other music styles. Momus said in a 2015 interview that the subculture had more to do with the area itself, which he called "an overblown shopping district".


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Double Dragon is a 1994 American martial arts film based on the video game series of the same name and directed by James Yukich. It stars Mark Dacascos and Scott Wolf as brothers Jimmy and Billy Lee, along with Alyssa Milano as Marian Delario and Robert Patrick as antagonist Koga Shuko. The film takes place in an earthquake-crippled Los Angeles in 2007; the city is styled as a mix between a post-apocalyptic and 80s/90s punk environment. It failed both critically and financially, receiving generally negative reviews, with praise for its special effects and action sequences, but criticism for its writing and performances.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: A gigantic earthquake destroys southern California, greatly altering its landscape and leaving Los Angeles, renamed "New Angeles", in shambles after the federal government fails to help restore order or rebuild.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Seven years later, New Angeles is partially flooded, wracked by constant aftershocks, and plagued by smog and acid rain.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Koga Shuko, a crime lord and businessman, explains to his underlings about a powerful, magic medallion called the Double Dragon, which has been split into two pieces. He obtains one half and orders his henchmen to find the other for him.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Teenage brothers Billy and Jimmy Lee, and their guardian/adoptive mother Satori Imada head home after citywide curfew from a martial arts tournament. On their way, they are accosted by gang members, who rule the streets after dark due to an uneasy pact made with the police department seven years earlier to keep them from running amok during the day. They escape with help from the Power Corps, a group of vigilantes headed by their friend Marian Delario, daughter of the police chief. Unfortunately, Bo Abobo, a gang leader, discovers Satori holds the second medallion half and reports this to Shuko. For his failure in securing it, he is mutated into a hulking giant.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: At their abandoned theater home, Satori explains to a skeptical Billy and Jimmy about the Double Dragon and how their piece must be protected, and she places it in the care of Billy. Shuko, with his henchmen in tow, pays the Lees a visit, intent on taking the other half. He reveals the ability of his medallion, the power of the soul, which gives the user the power of possession and a shadow form, by temporarily possessing Satori. Billy and Jimmy successfully incapacitate Abobo, but Shuko has the place doused in gasoline and lit on fire. Satori sacrifices herself so the brothers can escape with the Dragon.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Unable to find the brothers on his own, Shuko unites and takes over the gangs by displaying his power and sends them after the Lees. Billy and Jimmy narrowly get away, and seek refuge in the Power Corps hideout. Marian agrees to help them, using this as an opportunity to get rid of the gangs once and for all, and the three of them decide to go to Shuko's office building to steal his medallion. They ultimately fail and are forced to flee, and Jimmy is captured in the process.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Billy and Marian return to the Power Corps base, and lament about how none of them have been able to figure out how to use their Dragon piece. Marian points out a discovery they made that the wearer of the medallion is immune to the powers of its counterpart, meaning Shuko is not able to possess him as long as he has it. Suddenly, the gangs attack the hideout. In the mélêe, Jimmy reappears. Billy is elated; however, Jimmy is merely being controlled by Shuko as he tries to pummel his brother into submission. Billy then accidentally activates his medallion's ability, which is the power of the body and effectively makes him invulnerable to harm. Knowing this, Shuko threatens to kill Jimmy instead. This doesn't succeed either, so he releases Jimmy to distract Billy long enough to get the medallion.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Shuko succeeds in uniting the halves and turns into a pair of shadow warriors with katanas that disintegrate anything they slice through. The Lee brothers fight, but cannot beat him. Abobo, who had previously been taken prisoner and since reformed, reveals to Marian that Shuko's weakness is light. Marian reactivates the hideout's generator, and the shadow warriors are rendered powerless. Billy and Jimmy attack, forcefully recombining the shadows into Shuko, and acquire the Double Dragon halves. They combine the two pieces, granting them matching uniforms and the medallion powers, and they briefly see a vision of Satori's spirit as she gives them encouraging words. The brothers pummel Shuko, and Jimmy possesses him to make him do embarrassing things. During this time, Marian's father arrives to bring Shuko to justice and to take care of the gangs once and for all. Jimmy has Shuko write a check to the police department for $129 million before encouraging the police chief to arrest him.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Shuko is sent to jail, the police department has renewed strength to fight the gangs instead of compromising with them, and Billy and Jimmy can now keep both halves of the Double Dragon safe.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: First-time director Jim Yukich summarized his approach to the film: "Our characters are like normal kids - three kids on an adventure, so we didn't want to make something that kids would almost be too afraid to see. ... I'd like to make it in a funnier, light-hearted vein".


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Actor Robert Patrick said: "That was a movie I did that, on paper, I thought could really work. It, uh, didn't really work that well. ... There's some funny aspects to that character, and it was a fairly liberating experience to be funny and try to be menacing at the same time. I am proud of my performance. It's a pretty "extreme" performance. Yeah, and I got to work with Scott Wolf, Mark Dacascos, and Alyssa Milano".


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: The boat chase sequence was filmed on the Cuyahoga River in Northeast Ohio, and climaxes with an explosion which used 700 gallons of gasoline combined with 200 gallons of alcohol. Though warnings were broadcast on several news channels the previous night, the explosion caused residents of the nearby city to panic, leading to 210 phone calls to emergency services over ten minutes.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Reviews by critics were unfavorable. "The Washington Post" called it "clumsily paced" and "amateurishly acted" by kids "so upbeat they might have escaped from a road tour of "Annie"", although the amalgamated metropolitan backdrop of New Angeles is called "imaginative". Writing for "The New York Times", Stephen Holden called it "a movie of frantic action and clever special effects" with "jumpy nonstop energy that overrides the script's incongruities and the amateurish performances". Reviewbiquity gave the film one out of five stars, stating the movie "won't satisfy even the most fervent of fans". On review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, it received a negative score of from reviews, with the consensus: ""Double Dragon"s clever use of special effects cannot mask the film's overly simplistic storyline and cheesy dialogue", making it one of the lowest-rated video game movie adaptions of all time.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: According to Box Office Mojo, the film grossed $1,376,561 domestically in its opening weekend at 1,087 theaters in the United States and Canada. It grossed $2,341,309 during its North American theatrical run. The film sold approximately 576,000 tickets in the United States.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: In Europe, the film sold 122,784 tickets in France, 126,676 tickets in Germany, and at least 5,431 tickets in Spain, equivalent to an estimated gross revenue of approximately ($1,780,654). In South Korea, the film released in 1998 and sold 7,179 tickets in Seoul City, equivalent to an estimated gross revenue of approximately (). This brings the film's estimated worldwide total gross to approximately .


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Plot and visual elements of the film were reused in the 1995 fighting game version of "Double Dragon" produced by Technos Japan. This includes the transformation that the Lee brothers go through during the film's climax, which appear in the game as a special move for both characters and the use of footage of the film in the game's introduction and Marian's stage.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: Universal released the film on VHS and Laserdisc in April 1995 in the United States, while CFP released the film on video in Canada. GoodTimes Entertainment made another VHS in late 1997, released it on DVD in 2001, and another DVD on August 31, 2004. In 2014, DigiDreams released the film on Blu-ray in Germany.


title: Double Dragon (film)

text: MVD Entertainment Group (under license from rights holder Imperial Entertainment Group) released the film on a Blu-ray/DVD combo pack in 2019. This Blu-ray release has grossed over in American sales, .


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County (; ), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Lady Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), a member of the ancient family of Arundells in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County is included in the Baltimore–Columbia–Towson metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The county was named for Lady Anne Arundell, (1615/1616–1649), the daughter of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, members of the ancient family of Arundells in Cornwall, England. She married Cecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, (1605–1675), and the first lord proprietor of the colony, Province of Maryland, in an arranged marriage contract in 1627 or 1628.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County (modern spelling adds an 'e' to her first name of "Ann" and removes the second 'L' from the family name of "Arundell" – but the old traditional spelling of her name is still used in the title of the local historical society, the Ann Arundell County Historical Society) was originally part of St. Mary's County, the province's first erected county in the southern portion of the Province of Maryland, which had first been established by arriving settlers in 1634. In 1650, the year after Lady Ann Arundell's death, the county separated from St. Mary's and "erected" into its own jurisdiction and became the third of the 23 Maryland counties. It was composed of the hundreds of Town Neck, Middle Neck, Broad Neck, South River, West River, and Herring Creek. Between 1654 and 1658, the county was known as "Providence" by many of its early settlers.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: On March 25, 1655, during the English Civil War, (1642-1651), in Europe, the Battle of the Severn, the first naval colonial battle ever fought in America, was fought in Anne Arundel County on the Severn River between Puritan forces supporting the Commonwealth of England and forces loyal to Lord Proprietor Cecilius Calvert. The Commonwealth forces under William Fuller were victorious.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: In 1692, the Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church, became the established church of the Province of Maryland through an Act of the General Assembly. Ten counties had been established in the colony, and those counties were divided into 30 parishes, with vestrymen appointed within each. Ann Arrundell County was divided into four parishes: Herring Creek, South River, Middle Neck, and Broad Neck.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Between 1694 and 1695, the provincial capital of Maryland was moved from St. Mary's City along the northern shore of the Potomac River across from the southern colonial border with the Province of Virginia in St. Mary's County farther north along the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, midway in the colony to Annapolis in Anne Arundel County. Prior to the move, Annapolis was known as "Providence".


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: During the American Revolutionary War, citizens of Anne Arundel County supported the Continental Army by providing troops for three regiments. The 3rd Maryland Regiment, the 4th Maryland Regiment, and the 6th Maryland Regiment were recruited in the county.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: During the War of 1812, the one of the original six heavy frigates of the recently re-established United States Navy, U.S.S. "Constitution", sailed from Annapolis prior to its victorious engagement with the H.M.S. "Guerriere" of the British Royal Navy.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: On May 22, 1830, the inaugural horse-drawn train of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad travelled the of the newly completed track from Mount Clare Station in southwestern Baltimore City to Ellicott Mills, (now Ellicott City), then in the Western or Howard District (now Howard County) of Anne Arundel County. This was the first regular railroad passenger service in the United States. In 1831, land west of the railroad was considered the Howard District of Anne Arundel County. In 1851, The Howard District was broken off to form Howard County, now the 21st county in Maryland (of 23).


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which (29%) is covered by water. Anne Arundel County is located to the south of the city of Baltimore.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Most of the county's borders are defined by water. To the east lies the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, and numerous tidal tributaries of the bay indent the shoreline, the various rivers, creeks, streams, inlets forming prominent peninsulas, also known as "necks" (as further south in Virginia). The largest of these tributaries include (from north to south), the Magothy River, Severn River, South River, and the West River. Further south, the upper Patuxent River forms the border of Anne Arundel with Prince George's County to the west. Deep Run forms part of the northwestern border with Howard County, and Lyons Creek forms part of the southern border with Calvert County. The Patapsco River to the north is the border with Baltimore County, but the communities and areas of Brooklyn and Curtis Bay neighborhoods (and adjacent Fairfield, Wagner's Point [also known as East Brooklyn], Arundel Cove [off of Curtis Creek], and Hawkins Point), lying south of the Patapsco River were annexed from Anne Arundel County to Baltimore City in the third major annexation of January 1919.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County originally included all of the land between the Patuxent River and the Patapsco River (mainstem and South Branch) upstream to their headwaters on Parr's Ridge. The northwestern section of this long tract later became Howard County, with the border between the two running very close to the Atlantic Seaboard fall line. As a result, Anne Arundel County lies almost entirely within the Atlantic Coastal Plain, while Howard County is almost entirely within the Piedmont province.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Elevations in Anne Arundel County range from sea level at the Chesapeake and tidal tributaries to about in western areas near the fall line. The terrain is mostly flat or gently rolling, but more dramatic banks and bluffs can be found where waterways cut through areas of higher elevation.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: With the exception of the very limited extent of Piedmont underlain by Precambrian to early Paleozoic metamorphic rock, all of the county is underlain by thick deposits of gravel, sand, silt, and clay dating from the early Cretaceous to Holocene times. Most of these sediments are unconsolidated but include local formations of sandstone, especially in the Pasadena area.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County has a humid subtropical climate, with hot summers and cool winters. Annual precipitation averages around per year throughout the county, with a fairly even distribution throughout the year. Annual snowfall totals around on average at BWI Airport, which has an elevation of above sea level. Slightly colder winter temperatures and higher snowfall are experienced at the higher elevations, with slightly lower snowfall closer to sea level. According to the most recent USDA Hardiness zone maps, the lowland areas of the county fall into Zone 7b, with an expected annual minimum temperatures of , while higher areas fall into Zone 7a, with expected annual minima of .


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County has had a charter government since 1965. The government consists of a county executive and a seven-member county council. These members are elected in the same years Maryland conducts its gubernatorial and legislative elections, and may serve a maximum of two consecutive terms.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The Democrats have the most registered voters in the county, but the large number of Republican-leaning independents means Republicans win more county-wide elections than in other mostly suburban counties in Maryland, but Democrats are the dominant party in Annapolis city elections. In the 2016 presidential election, Anne Arundel County voted for Hillary Clinton over Donald Trump by 6,016 votes. It was the first time that the county had supported a Democrat for president since 1964. Four years later, Joe Biden won the county by nearly 15%, the largest margin of victory for a Democrat in the county since the landslide election of Lyndon Johnson in the 1964 presidential election.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The County Executive oversees the executive branch of the county government, which consists of a number of offices and departments. The executive branch is charged with implementing County law and overseeing the operation of the county government. The next election will be in 2022.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The County Council, as the legislative branch, adopts ordinances and resolutions, and has all of the county's legislative powers. The most recent county election occurred November 8, 2022.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: "Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race."


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: As of the 2010 United States Census, 537,656 people, 199,378 households, and 139,262 families were residing in the county. The population density was . The 212,562 housing units had an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 75.4% White, 15.5% Black or African American, 3.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.4% from some other race, and 2.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 6.1% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 23.3% were German, 18.6% were Irish, 12.3% were English, 7.4% were Italian, 5.0% were Polish, and 4.4% were American.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Of the 199,378 households, 34.6% had children under 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.2% were not families, and 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.63, and the average family size was 3.11. The median age was 38.4 years.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The median income for a household in the county was $83,456 and for a family was $97,557. Males had a median income of $63,187 versus $48,750 for females. The per capita income for the county was $38,660. About 3.3% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: As of the census of 2000, 489,656 people, 178,670 households, and 129,178 families were residing in the county. The population density was 1,177 people/sq mi. The were 186,937 housing units had an average density of 449/sq mi (174/km). The racial makeup of the county was 81.24% White, 13.57% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 2.29% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.85% from other races, and 1.69% from two or more races. About 2.63% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race; 17.7% were of German, 13.1% Irish, 10.5% English, 8.1% United States or American, and 7.0% Italian ancestry.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Of the 178,670 households, 34.9% had children under 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.7% were not families. About 21.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.65, and the average family size was 3.09.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: In the county, the age distribution was 25.2% under 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 32.8% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.10 males.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: According to the Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development, the following were the principal employers in the county in November 2014 (excluding U.S. post offices and state and local governments, but including public institutions of higher education).


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: In 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $61,768, and the median income for a family was $69,019 (these figures had risen to $79,294 and $91,071 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $43,747 versus $32,348 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,578. About 3.60% of families and 5.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.30% of those under age 18 and 5.80% of those age 65 or over.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Several state agencies are headquartered in unincorporated areas in Anne Arundel County. Executive departments include the Department of Agriculture, the Aviation Administration, the Department of Housing and Community Development, and the Department of Transportation. The Rural Maryland Council, an independent agency, is also headquartered in an unincorporated area in the county.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The Maryland House of Correction, operated by the Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services, was located in Anne Arundel County. The prison was closed in 2007.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services operates several additional correctional facilities in the unincorporated town of Jessup in Anne Arundel County, including:


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The District of Columbia Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services (DYRS) operates the New Beginnings Youth Development Center, a secure youth prison, in the county. Oak Hill Youth Center, the previous DYRS secure facility, was also in the county.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Fort George G. Meade is a large U.S. Army post located in the northwest of the county. It is the home of the National Security Agency.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: There are two full-service hospitals in Anne Arundel County: Anne Arundel Medical Center in Annapolis and Baltimore Washington Medical Center (formerly North Arundel Hospital) in Glen Burnie, part of the University of Maryland Medical System.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County is the home of Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport, commonly referred to as BWI. BWI serves as the main airport for greater Baltimore. It is also an increasingly popular alternative airport to residents of the Washington, D.C., area. BWI is an East Coast hub for Southwest Airlines, meaning that direct flights are available between BWI and much of the country.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The southern portion of the Maryland Transit Administration's Light Rail system, connecting downtown Baltimore with BWI, runs through the northern part of Anne Arundel County.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The county also has multiple stops on the MARC commuter rail service, including a stop at BWI Rail Station, located near BWI Airport. Amtrak trains also stop at BWI's train station.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The Laurel-based Connect-a-ride system operates two routes in the western portion of the county, including Severn, Arundel Mills, Maryland City, Glen Burnie, Hanover, and Odenton. Howard County's Howard Transit Silver route serves Arundel Mills shopping mall and BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Sandy Point State Park is located at the end of the Broadneck peninsula near the west end of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. It features a beach and marina and hosts many festivals and special events throughout the year. Helen Avalynne Tawes Garden is located at the Department of Natural Resources headquarters in Annapolis. The 5 acre garden features representations of the state's various geographic areas.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The county also contains some of the easternmost portions of Patapsco Valley State Park, consisting of mostly undeveloped areas of forest and wetlands along the lower Patapsco River.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: The Department of Recreation and Parks maintains "a comprehensive system of recreational programs for county residents and the preservation of valuable land," including indoor and outdoor sports facilities, community parks, green ways, archaeological, environmental, and historical preserves, and large regional facilities. Some of the major facilities include the Baltimore & Annapolis Trail, Downs Park, Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary, Fort Smallwood Park, Kinder Farm Park, and Quiet Waters Park.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Other attractions include the Maryland Renaissance Festival in Crownsville, the Maryland State House and the Colonial Annapolis Historic District.


title: Anne Arundel County, Maryland

text: Anne Arundel County is home to the two largest shopping malls in the State of Maryland: Westfield Annapolis Mall and Arundel Mills in Hanover in addition to Marley Station Mall in Glen Burnie. Adjacent to Arundel Mills is the Maryland Live! casino.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Ulster Protestants () are an ethnoreligious group in the Irish province of Ulster, where they make up about 43.5% of the population. Most Ulster Protestants are descendants of settlers who arrived from Britain in the early 17th century Ulster Plantation. This was the settlement of the Gaelic, Catholic province of Ulster by Scots and English speaking Protestants, mostly from the Scottish Lowlands and Northern England. Many more Scottish Protestant migrants arrived in Ulster in the late 17th century. Those who came from Scotland were mostly Presbyterians, while those from England were mostly Anglicans (see Church of Ireland). There is also a small Methodist community and the Methodist Church in Ireland dates to John Wesley's visit to Ulster in 1752. Although most Ulster Protestants descend from Lowland Scottish people (some of whose descendants consider themselves Ulster Scots) and English, some also descend from Irish, Welsh and Huguenots.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Since the 17th century, sectarian and political divisions between Ulster Protestants and Irish Catholics have played a major role in the history of Ulster, and of Ireland as a whole. It has led to bouts of violence and political upheaval, notably in the Irish Confederate Wars, Cromwellian conquest of Ireland the Williamite War, the Armagh disturbances, Irish Rebellion of 1798, the Irish revolutionary period, and the Troubles. Today, the vast majority of Ulster Protestants live in Northern Ireland, which was created in 1921 to have an Ulster Protestant majority. Politically, most are unionists and loyalists, who have an Ulster British identity and want Northern Ireland to remain part of the United Kingdom.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: The Ulster Protestant community emerged during the Plantation of Ulster. This was the colonisation of Ulster with loyal English-speaking Protestants from Great Britain under the reign of King James. Those involved in planning the plantation saw it as a means of controlling, anglicising, and "civilising" Ulster. The province was almost wholly Gaelic, Catholic and rural, and had been the region most resistant to English control. The plantation was also meant to sever Gaelic Ulster's links with the Gaelic Highlands of Scotland.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Most of the land colonised was confiscated from the native Irish. Begun privately in 1606, the plantation became government-sponsored in 1609, with much land for settlement being allocated to the Livery Companies of the City of London. By 1622 there was a total settler population of about 19,000, and by the 1630s it is estimated there were up to 50,000.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: The native Irish reaction to the plantation was generally hostile, as Irish Catholics lost their land and became marginalized. In 1641 there was an uprising by Irish Catholics in Ulster who wanted an end to anti-Catholic discrimination, greater Irish self-governance, and to undo the plantations. Some rebels attacked, expelled or massacred Protestant settlers during the rebellion, most notably the Portadown massacre. Some settlers massacred Catholics in kind. It is estimated that up to 12,000 Ulster Protestants were killed or died of illness after being driven from their homes. The rebellion had a lasting psychological impact on the Ulster Protestant community and they commemorated its anniversary for two centuries. In the war that followed, a Scottish Covenanter army invaded and re-captured eastern Ulster from the rebels, while a Protestant settler army held northwestern Ulster. These Protestant armies retreated from central Ulster after the Irish Confederate victory at Benburb. Following the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649–52), Catholicism was repressed and most Catholic-owned land was confiscated.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Another influx of an estimated 20,000 Scottish Protestants, mainly to the coastal counties of Antrim, Down and Londonderry, was a result of the seven ill years of famines in Scotland in the 1690s. This migration decisively changed the population of Ulster, giving it a Protestant majority. While Presbyterians of Scottish descent and origin had already become the majority of Ulster Protestants by the 1660s, when Protestants still made up only a third of the population, they had become an absolute majority in the province by the 1720s.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: There were tensions between the two main groups of Ulster Protestants; Scottish Protestant migrants to Ulster were mostly Presbyterian and English Protestants mostly Anglican. The Penal Laws discriminated against both Catholics and Presbyterians, in an attempt to force them to accept the state religion, the Anglican Church of Ireland. Repression of Presbyterians by Anglicans intensified after the Glorious Revolution, especially after the Test Act of 1703, and was one reason for heavy onward emigration to British America by Ulster Presbyterians during the 18th century; emigration was particularly heavy to the Thirteen Colonies, where they became known as the Scotch-Irish or Scots-Irish. Between 1717 and 1775, an estimated 200,000 migrated to what became the United States. Some Presbyterians also returned to Scotland during this period, where the Presbyterian Church of Scotland was the state religion. These Penal Laws are partly what led Ulster Presbyterians to become founders and members of the United Irishmen, a republican movement which launched the Irish Rebellion of 1798. Repression of Presbyterians largely ended after the rebellion, with the relaxation of the Penal Laws.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: The Kingdom of Ireland became part of the United Kingdom in 1801. As Belfast became industrialised in the 19th century, it attracted yet more Protestant immigrants from Scotland. After the partition of Ireland in 1920, the new government of Northern Ireland launched a campaign to entice Irish unionists/Protestants from the Irish Free State to relocate to Northern Ireland, with inducements of state jobs and housing, and large numbers accepted.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: The vast majority of Ulster Protestants live in Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. Most tend to support the Union with Great Britain, and are referred to as unionists. Unionism is an ideology that (in Ulster) has been divided by some into two camps; Ulster British, who are attached to the United Kingdom and identify primarily as British; and Ulster loyalists, whose politics are primarily ethnic, prioritising their Ulster Protestantism above their British identity. The Loyal Orders, which include the Orange Order, Royal Black Institution and Apprentice Boys of Derry, are exclusively Protestant fraternal organisations which originated in Ulster and still have most of their membership there.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: About 30% of Ulster Protestants live in the three counties of Ulster now in the Republic of Ireland, Cavan, Monaghan, and Donegal, where they make up around a fifth of the Republic's Protestant population. Unlike Protestants in the rest of the Republic, some retain a strong sense of Britishness, and a small number have difficulty identifying with the independent Irish state. Ulster Protestants also share common religious, political and social ties with some protestants in counties that border Ulster, particularly County Leitrim that hosts a number of Orange Halls. James Kilfedder, Ulster Unionist MP, and Gordon Wilson were both Leitrim Protestants.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Ulster Protestants are also found in diaspora communities, particularly in Scotland, England, and in some other areas of Ireland such as Dublin.


title: Ulster Protestants

text: Most Ulster Protestants speak Ulster English, and some on the north-east coast and in East Donegal speak with the Ulster Scots dialects. A very small number have also learned the Irish language as a second language.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: The Bear is a 1988 French adventure family film directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and released by TriStar Pictures. Adapted from the novel "The Grizzly King" (1916) by American author James Oliver Curwood, the screenplay was written by Gérard Brach. Set in British Columbia, Canada, the film tells the story of an orphaned grizzly bear cub who befriends a large adult male Kodiak bear as two trophy hunters pursue them through the wild.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Several of the themes explored in the story include orphanhood, peril and protection, and mercy toward and on the behalf of a reformed hunter. Annaud and Brach began planning the story and production in 1981, although filming did not begin until six years later, due to the director's commitment to another project. "The Bear" was filmed almost entirely in the Italian and Austrian areas of the Dolomites, with live animals—including Bart the Bear, a trained tall Kodiak bear—present on location. Notable for its almost complete lack of dialogue and its minimal score, the film was nominated for and won numerous international film awards.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: In 1885, in the mountainous wilds of British Columbia, Canada, a male grizzly bear cub and his mother are digging and searching for honey to eat when the mother is suddenly crushed to death and buried by a rockslide, leaving the cub orphaned. Forced to fend for himself, the cub struggles to find food and shelter.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Elsewhere in the mountains, a male Kodiak bear roams free in the forest searching for food or a mate, but is unknowingly being pursued and hunted by two trophy hunters, Tom and Bill. Tom attempts to shoot the Kodiak in order to claim the animal as a trophy, but his gunshot only grazes the bear's shoulder and the wounded animal flees. Shortly after, Tom and Bill hear crashing noises and the sounds of their tied up horses. The men discover two of their three horses missing and claw marks from the Kodiak on the trees. Bill finds one horse that was killed and mutilated by the bear while Tom finds the other one frightened and mortally wounded from being attacked by the beast. While attempting to control his horse, Tom is lifted by the animal's reigns and sprains his leg. Bill makes a promise to hunt and kill the bear for revenge.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: The cub later comes across the Kodiak, and, noticing that he is bleeding from being shot by Tom, resolves to help him, but the Kodiak instead warns the cub away, showing that he doesn't need support. The cub persists and secretly follows him, where he approaches the Kodiak again, managing to soothe his wound by licking it. A friendship forms between the two bears as the Kodiak soon befriends the cub, adopting him as his foster son and teaching him stuff, such as showing him how to catch salmon and hunt animals such as mule deer for food. That evening, the cub suffers from nightmares where he relives the tragic death of his mother. While journeying through the mountains, the Kodiak and the cub come across a female grizzly who the Kodiak becomes infatuated with, whereupon the two bears perform a mating ritual, with the Kodiak impressing the female by showing off his strength before mating with her afterwards.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Determined to find and track down the Kodiak, the two hunters are joined by a third man and his pack of vicious Beaucerons, in addition to Tom's Airedale Terrier. Both bears, sensing danger, attempt to escape by climbing up a cliff in the mountains for safety as the dog pack follow them in pursuit. While the cub hides in a cave, the Kodiak holds his own against the pack in order to protect him. Despite suffering grievous wounds from the dogs, he was able to ferociously kill some of his assailants before giving up the fight and escaping over a pass with the remaining pack members chasing after him, leaving the cub behind. The hunters arrive to find some of their dogs, including Tom's (whom Bill sorrowfully shoots dead), killed from their violent brawl with the Kodiak. The men spot the lone cub and capture him, taking him back to their camp where he is tethered to a tree and tormented by the men and their remaining dogs. That night, the hunters plot how to massacre the Kodiak, though unbeknownst to them, they are being watched over and stalked by the bear.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: The next day, the hunters split up, with Tom manning a spot high on a cliff near a waterfall. He leaves his post to wash up in a small waterfall in the hills. His gun out of reach, Tom suddenly finds himself confronted by the Kodiak, who aggressively bellows at the sight of him. Faced with certain death, Tom cowers and expects to be mauled. Seeing Tom at his mercy, the Kodiak refuses to kill him and leaves. Tom, amazed by the bear's act of mercy, attempts to scare him off more quickly by shooting his gun in the air. When Bill joins him, Tom lies that the bear is dead. When Bill catches sight of the Kodiak ascending a scree, he raises his rifle to shoot, only to be intercepted by Tom, who insists they let the animal go free instead. The three hunters return to their camp empty-handed, where they release the cub and then ride off into the wilderness.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Alone again, the cub is soon stalked and attacked by a cougar, who chases the cub until it corners him near a stream. The cub, despite getting injured by the cougar's attacks, desperately growls for help. However, the cougar, upon seeing the sight of the Kodiak behind the cub, suddenly stops and flees after the Kodiak viciously roars at it for harming the cub, saving his life in the process. The cub, surprised that the Kodiak saved his life, happily reunites with him and runs to his side, where his foster father comforts him and licks away the cub's wounds that he suffered from being attacked by the cougar. As winter approaches, the two bears find shelter in a cave for hibernation, where they peacefully fall asleep together.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: American author James Oliver Curwood's novella "The Grizzly King" was published in 1916. The story was based on several trips he took to British Columbia, and the young hunter, called Jim in the book, is based on Curwood himself. However, many of its plot elements—mainly dealing with the friendship between the bear cub and the adult male grizzly—were fabricated. Curwood's biographer, Judith A. Eldridge, believes that the incident in which the hunter is spared by a bear is based on truth, a fact that was later related to Jean-Jacques Annaud. He stated during an interview that he "was given a letter from Curwood's granddaughter revealing that what happened in the story happened to him. He was hunting bear, as he had done often, and lost his rifle down a cliff. Suddenly, a huge bear confronted him and menaced him, but for reasons Curwood could never know, spared his life." Shortly after the book's publication, Curwood—once an adamant hunter—became a supporter of wildlife conservation.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Brach and Annaud decided to set the film in the late 19th century to create a perception of true wilderness, especially for the human characters. In addition, while both the bears and the two hunters are named in the script, only Tom is named in the film. The bear cub is referred to in the script as Youk, and the adult male grizzly is known as Kaar. Tchéky Karyo's character is said to have been called Tom and Jack Wallace's is Bill. These names differ from Curwood's novel; for example, the cub is known as Muskwa in the novel, and his adult companion is called Thor.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: After the commercial success of Jean-Jacques Annaud's previous films, including the Academy Award-winning "Black and White in Color" (1976) and "Quest for Fire" (1981), producer Claude Berri offered to produce Annaud's next project, no matter the cost. The French filmmaker had first considered the idea of making a film that included mammal communication through behavior, rather than language, while working on "Quest for Fire". He became particularly interested in making an animal "the star of a psychological drama", so he "decided to do an entertaining, commercial adventure and psychological film" that would have an animal hero. He discussed this idea with his longtime collaborator, screenwriter Gerard Brach, who within a few days sent Annaud a copy of "The Grizzly King", to which the filmmaker quickly agreed.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Although Brach began writing the screenplay in late 1981, Annaud took on another project, that of directing a film adaptation of Umberto Eco's book "The Name of the Rose". Between preparing for and filming his next film, Annaud traveled and visited zoos in order to research animal behavior. In an interview he later gave with the American Humane Association, Annaud stated: "Each time I was fascinated with the tigers, to a point that I thought to do a movie called "The Tiger" instead of "The Bear". In those days I felt that the bear, because they're so often vertical, would give me a better identification, or would provide more instant identification from the viewers." The finished script was presented to Berri in early 1983.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Shot from 13 May to late October 1987, "The Bear" was filmed almost entirely in the Italian and Austrian areas of the Dolomites. Several additional scenes were also filmed in a Belgian Zoo in early 1988. The crew consisted of 200 individuals. Husband and wife team Tony and Heidi Lüdi served as the film's production designer and art director, respectively, alongside set decorator Bernhard Henrich. In their book, "Movie Worlds: Production Design in Film", the Lüdis state that as the film's production designers, they "were constantly faced with the question 'What did you have to do?' To which we answered 'We turned the Alps into British Columbia.'" Cinematographer Philippe Rousselot noted that "the only thing Jean-Jacques was unable to control" while filming in the Bavarian Alps "was the weather: he did not manage to have the clouds take part in pre-production meetings."


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: While animatronic bears were used for several of the fighting scenes, live animals—including bears, dogs, horses, and honey bees—were used on location for filming. A trained, tall Kodiak bear named Bart played the adult male grizzly, while a young female bear named Douce ("Sweetness" in English) took on the role of the cub, with several alternates. Three trainers worked with Bart (including his owner Doug Seus), eleven with the cubs, three with the dogs, and three with the horses. One day during production, Bart injured Annaud while the two posed for photographers; Annaud's wounds, which included claw-marks on his backside, had to be drained with a shunt for two months. In addition to the real bears, there were animatronic bears which were used in specific scenes that were made by Jim Henson's Creature Shop.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: With its intersecting storylines of animals and humans, "The Bear" includes a variety of thematic elements. These themes include orphanhood, peril and protection, and mercy toward and on the behalf of a reformed hunter.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Film critic Derek Bousé has made the connection between "The Bear" and Disney's model of wildlife films, comparing not only the sympathetic characters but also the filmatic structure, to the animated "Bambi" (1942) and the live-action "Perri" (1957). In his 2000 book "Wildlife Films", Bousé makes a stronger correlation between Annaud's film and Disney's "Dumbo" (1941), in that both young animals lost their mothers at an early age, creating an unfortunate situation that allows the rest of the plot to develop (although, Dumbo's mother was merely imprisoned for a while, and was re-united with her son at the film's end). "Dumbo" and "The Bear" also share a similarly purposed dream sequence, brought on by alcohol in the former and hallucinogenic mushrooms in the latter.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: The theme of the reformed hunter is a direct reference to the original novel and its author. James Oliver Curwood, himself a past hunter and trapper, considered "The Grizzly King" to be a "confession of one who for years hunted and killed before he learned that the wild offered a more thrilling sport than slaughter". During its American release, the film used one of Curwood's famous quotes as a tagline—"The greatest thrill is not to kill but to let live"—and the film was endorsed by both the American Humane Association and the World Wildlife Fund.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: "The Bear" was released on 19 October 1988 in France, and 27 October 1989 in the United States. An official tie-in to the movie "The Odyssey of 'The Bear': The Making of the Film by Jean-Jacques Annaud," a translation from the French edition, followed in November. In addition, Curwood's original novel—out of print in the US for fifty years—was republished by Newmarket Press, and a children's book titled "The Bear Storybook" was published by St. Martin's Press.


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: By August 1989, "The Bear" was reported to have grossed $90,685,310 and was yet to open in the United Kingdom, the Far East and the United States and Canada. "The Bear" later grossed $31,753,898 in the United States and Canada taking its worldwide gross to over $120 million. It was then presented in the following countries:


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: The film was a critical success, holding an 88% "Fresh" rating on the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes from 16 reviews. Some critics pointed to "The Bear"'s adult handling of the wildlife film genre, which is often dismissed as belonging solely to children's films. While positively reviewing the film, critic Roger Ebert wrote that "The Bear" "is not a cute fantasy in which bears ride tricycles and play house. It is about life in the wild, and it does an impressive job of seeming to show wild bears in their natural habitat" and that scenes from the film, especially those "of horseplay and genuine struggles – gradually build up our sense of the personalities of these animals".


title: The Bear (1988 film)

text: Janet Maslin of "The New York Times", however, believing that the film was less about its wild characters and more about personification, wrote: ""The Bear"...is a remarkable achievement only on its own terms, which happen to be extremely limited and peculiar...its true emphasis is not on wildlife. Instead, it grafts the thoughts and dreams of more commonplace beings onto bear-shaped stand-ins." Writing for the hunting and fishing magazine "Field & Stream", editor Cathleen Erring stated that "The Bear" not only stripped its human characters of "all sympathetic traits and [gave] them to the bears", but it also created "a caricature that will subject anyone embarking on a bear hunt ... to the kind of scorn previously reserved for 'Bambi Butchers'."